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Date: Thu, 01 Sep 2005 15:47:35 +0900
From: Shinta Sugimoto <shinta@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 38: editorial comments (was: comments on
	draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt)
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Hello Pasi,

Thank you for the clarification.

On Wed, 31 Aug 2005 14:36:09 +0300
<Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com> wrote:

> 
> Thanks for your comments! I've filed them as issues 38 and 39.
> Quick answers to your editorial comments first:
> 
> > - Section 2.3 (Changing addresses in IPsec SAs), 3rd bullet,
> > it says "If there are outstanding IKEv2 requests, continues
> > retransmitting them using the addresses in the IKE_SA (the new
> > addresses)." It is unclear to me what the "outstanding IKEv2
> > requests" are.
> 
> It means IKEv2 requests for which the initiator has not yet
> received a reply (I'll try to clarify this in version -02).
> This could happen if the need to change addresses appears 
> while we're doing e.g. rekeying or dead peer detection.

OK, understood.

Regards,
Shinta

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 01 03:13:10 2005
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Date: Thu, 01 Sep 2005 16:07:40 +0900
From: Shinta Sugimoto <shinta@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 39 (was: comments on
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Hello again,

On Wed, 31 Aug 2005 16:06:31 +0300
<Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com> wrote:

> Shinta Sugimoto writes:
> > 
> > Hello,
> > 
> > I read draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt and had following
> > comments/questions.
> > 
> > Technical Comments/Questions:
> > 
> > - Section 2.3 (Changing addresses in IPsec SAs) I need
> > clarification on how address change functions in MOBIKE. First
> > of all, does UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES take effect on more than one
> > address changes ?  Or it's supposed to update a single address? 
> 
> It updates the one source and one destination address in
> IKE and IPsec SAs (the src/dst addresss that is currently
> used for outgoing packets).

OK.

> > Probably I am confusing the purpose of UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES
> > and ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS.  In my understanding,
> > UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES is for updating the preferred address,
> > which means that IKE_SA and IPsec SA (only matched one) are
> > the target of the address update. OTOH, ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS
> > is for updating (requesting its peer to update) the peer
> > address set.  Do I get it right?
> 
> Yes, I think you got it right (although the protocol document
> does not currently use the term "peer address set"). This set is
> used as input for address pair selection (on initiator side),
> and possibly when responder address changes (although the
> details need some clarification here...)

OK.
 
> > One more question: Should the initiator make all the CHILD_SAs
> > inactive which are associated with the IKE_SA whose "pending_update"
> > flag is set ?
> 
> Why should it? (Continuing using those CHILD_SAs should work
> just fine, since in 2401bis the responder uses only the SPI for
> locating the inbound IPsec SA.)

I see. I came to understand that there should be no problem with
initiator sending/receiving packets with new address right after
the address change.  I need to synchronize my mind with RFC2401bis...
Thank you for the clarification.


Regards,
Shinta

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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> > One could also support ESP-based updates on devices
> > that can do this, and say "this feature is not supported"
> > on others -- we are still talking about a corner case.
> > But people may have different opinions as to how
> > important support for this is under all circumstances.
> > 
> If you do IKEv2 like updates, then you need a separate PATH_TEST
> message (outside the SA) so that PATH_TEST does not cause updates
> to SA. By requiring an explicit update, we avoid a separate PATH_TEST
> message. Is that an advantage ?

I think it is advantage, if we do not need to implement separate
PATH_TEST. It makes the protocol cleaner. The separate PATH_TEST has a
feeling of a hack for me. 

Also it will localize the policy decisions on the IP-address changes
to one place, so the policy will be same regardless why we change the
address.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2005 15:27:32 +0300
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Thread-Topic: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:

> If you do IKEv2 like updates, then you need a separate PATH_TEST
> message (outside the SA) so that PATH_TEST does not cause updates to
> SA. By requiring an explicit update, we avoid a separate PATH_TEST
> message. Is that an advantage ?

Actually, we need a separate PATH_TEST message even with the explicit
update if we want to be able to do path testing at any time without
the possibility of disrupting things.

(And IMHO having a separate path test message that does nothing else
would also make MOBIKE easier to understand, even though it may
require a couple of more lines in code.)

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 01 08:50:39 2005
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2005 08:50:19 -0400
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I would prefer to avoid sending periodic probes (option 3).

Even though the HW may not be capable of detecting and performing
IP/port changes *today*, they will be able to do it in the future
(especially if we make it a requirement for them).

It's not like if Mobike is going to be mass deployed tomorrow.  This is
going to take a long time to bake and test.  Start working with your HW
vendors now, and let's do it right the first time.  Those who ship
before the HW is ready can document this corner case, or solve it via
some less efficient SW workaround (for now).  I'd rather take the
performance hit for BETA than forever...

I vote option 1.
Stephane.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com=20
> [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of Jari Arkko
> Sent: Thursday, August 25, 2005 6:03 AM
> To: Tero Kivinen
> Cc: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com; Mohan Parthasarathy; mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: Re: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT=20
> reboot detection
>=20
> Tero Kivinen wrote:
>=20
> >Thats why I am saying alternate 3 is better, as it requires less=20
> >changes or updates to the hardware.
> > =20
> >
> One could also support ESP-based updates on devices that can=20
> do this, and say "this feature is not supported"
> on others -- we are still talking about a corner case.
> But people may have different opinions as to how important=20
> support for this is under all circumstances.
>=20
> --Jari
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>=20
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 01 08:53:17 2005
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Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2005 15:52:30 +0300
From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
In-Reply-To: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3004@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
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Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com writes:
> Actually, we need a separate PATH_TEST message even with the explicit
> update if we want to be able to do path testing at any time without
> the possibility of disrupting things.

You mean the case, where we have decided to move to new address, but
that new address breaks down after us testing it and after we sent
update to it, but before we get reply back to it? I think we do not
disrupt things more even if we use the IKE SA update message for
testing the path. The path is already broken, so we cannot disrupt it
more. After we get the IKE SA update message through, we have then
already fixed the situation, with separate path test we still need to
wait one more extra round trip to fix the situation (i.e we first use
the PATH_TEST to find the working path, and then send the packet to
that address, compared to using the IKE SA update message to do the
path test, and that will immediately fix the situation when the
correct path is found (or in case of unidirectional paths, then we
need to wait the another round trip, i.e. for the second address
update to reach the host)). 
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 01 08:56:50 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 36: unacceptable addresses (was: confirming
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Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com wrote:

>Jari Arkko wrote:
>
>  
>
>>Issue 36: Unacceptable addresses. There are cases where the
>>initiator does not know which one of the retransmitted
>>requests was really the one seen by the responder and resulted
>>in the unacceptable address error. Pasi's solution for this is
>>to send a new request in this (corner) case.
>>    
>>
>
>(Back from vacation, and working on MOBIKE again...)
>
>I started editing the draft to make this change, but then
>noticed the functionality is actually already there. Version
>-01 says
>
>   o  If a new address change occurs while waiting for the 
>      response, starts again from the first step (and ignores 
>      responses to this UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES request).
>
>So in the ambiguous situation (UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES request has
>been sent using several different src/dst addresses, and we
>don't know which of them was unacceptable), it already says
>we ignore the response and a new request is sent.
>
>(But I'll clarify this in -02; also the response is not really
>totally ignored, just not processed by MOBIKE.)
>  
>
Works for me.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 01 09:05:49 2005
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2005 16:05:34 +0300
Message-ID: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3005@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
Thread-Topic: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Stephane Beaulieu wrote:
>=20
> I would prefer to avoid sending periodic probes (option 3).

Note that these periodic probes are already present in normal
IKEv2; option 3 just piggy-backs additional information (NAT
detection payloads) to the same messages.
=20
> Even though the HW may not be capable of detecting and
> performing IP/port changes *today*, they will be able to do it
> in the future (especially if we make it a requirement for
> them).
>=20
> It's not like if Mobike is going to be mass deployed tomorrow.
> This is going to take a long time to bake and test.  Start
> working with your HW vendors now, and let's do it right the
> first time.  Those who ship before the HW is ready can
> document this corner case, or solve it via some less efficient
> SW workaround (for now).  I'd rather take the performance hit
> for BETA than forever...
>=20
> I vote option 1.

Since the same messages are sent in normal IKEv2 as well,=20
option 3 has a performance hit (on gateway load) only if=20
choosing it causes the users to change the timer values
for DPD ("X" in my IETF63 slides; essentially how long to
accept a situation where we have only outgoing traffic before
getting suspicious and starting DPD).=20

This is what I was initially worried about as well (choosing=20
option 3 would lead to users choosing significantly smaller=20
values for X), but I'm not so sure anymore this would happen...

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 01 09:09:43 2005
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Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2005 16:07:58 +0300
From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Cc: mobike@machshav.com, Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com,
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Stephane Beaulieu \(stephane\) writes:
> I would prefer to avoid sending periodic probes (option 3).

We are sending them anyways if there is no traffic (IKE SA dead peer
detection). The difference is that in option 1 those probes are only
used to detect if the other peer is alive, and in option 3 they also
make sure that the other end the correct NAT-T mapping in addition to
test that the other peer is alive. The amount and timers for those
packets should be same, but Pasi was little bit concerned that some
adminstrators might want to configure the timers shorter in case we
select option 3 to allow faster recovery of lost NAT mappings. I
myself thing that this is such corner case that I do not think anybody
will configure the timers shorter because of that.

The option 3 packets will be few bytes bigger than the option 1
packets, but actually the size difference is lost in the padding (at
least for AES cipher). Both of them are small, i.e. about 100 bytes
(ip 20 + udp 8 + ike 28 + encr header 4 + iv 16 + empty or 8 byte
notify plus padding 16 + 12).

In addition to that IKE SA dead peer detection payloads, there is the
normal NAT-T keepalive packets going on, which are again same in both
option 1 and 3.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2005 09:53:26 -0400
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Thread-Topic: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
Thread-Index: AcWu9nZYGo+odCQDSdCixKMiEuHYywAAg2Gw
From: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
To: "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
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Tero, Pasi,

Not really.

DPD's are only sent *if* one suspects that the peer is no longer
receiving pkts.  What we've seen in the real world is that in a span of
a 24 hour VPN RA connection, you'll probably only see about 20-100 DPD
messages (which are usually clustered in groups during high web-usage
times).

So, DPDs are not periodic.

Having said that, I don't see why probes would need to be periodic
either.  If you suspect the pkts aren't getting to your peer, then send
the DPD/mobike probe.  Otherwise, don't send anything.  If we can agree
on this, then I'm OK with probes.

Stephane.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tero Kivinen [mailto:kivinen@iki.fi]=20
> Sent: Thursday, September 01, 2005 9:08 AM
> To: Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)
> Cc: Jari Arkko; Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com; Mohan Parthasarathy;=20
> mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT=20
> reboot detection
>=20
> Stephane Beaulieu \(stephane\) writes:
> > I would prefer to avoid sending periodic probes (option 3).
>=20
> We are sending them anyways if there is no traffic (IKE SA=20
> dead peer detection). The difference is that in option 1=20
> those probes are only used to detect if the other peer is=20
> alive, and in option 3 they also make sure that the other end=20
> the correct NAT-T mapping in addition to test that the other=20
> peer is alive. The amount and timers for those packets should=20
> be same, but Pasi was little bit concerned that some=20
> adminstrators might want to configure the timers shorter in=20
> case we select option 3 to allow faster recovery of lost NAT=20
> mappings. I myself thing that this is such corner case that I=20
> do not think anybody will configure the timers shorter=20
> because of that.
>=20
> The option 3 packets will be few bytes bigger than the option=20
> 1 packets, but actually the size difference is lost in the=20
> padding (at least for AES cipher). Both of them are small,=20
> i.e. about 100 bytes (ip 20 + udp 8 + ike 28 + encr header 4=20
> + iv 16 + empty or 8 byte notify plus padding 16 + 12).
>=20
> In addition to that IKE SA dead peer detection payloads,=20
> there is the normal NAT-T keepalive packets going on, which=20
> are again same in both option 1 and 3.
> --
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
>=20
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 39 (was: comments
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References: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD2FF3@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
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Looks like you can close #39, Pasi.

--Jari

Shinta Sugimoto wrote:

>Hello again,
>
>On Wed, 31 Aug 2005 16:06:31 +0300
><Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com> wrote:
>
>  
>
>>Shinta Sugimoto writes:
>>    
>>
>>>Hello,
>>>
>>>I read draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt and had following
>>>comments/questions.
>>>
>>>Technical Comments/Questions:
>>>
>>>- Section 2.3 (Changing addresses in IPsec SAs) I need
>>>clarification on how address change functions in MOBIKE. First
>>>of all, does UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES take effect on more than one
>>>address changes ?  Or it's supposed to update a single address? 
>>>      
>>>
>>It updates the one source and one destination address in
>>IKE and IPsec SAs (the src/dst addresss that is currently
>>used for outgoing packets).
>>    
>>
>
>OK.
>
>  
>
>>>Probably I am confusing the purpose of UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES
>>>and ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS.  In my understanding,
>>>UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES is for updating the preferred address,
>>>which means that IKE_SA and IPsec SA (only matched one) are
>>>the target of the address update. OTOH, ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS
>>>is for updating (requesting its peer to update) the peer
>>>address set.  Do I get it right?
>>>      
>>>
>>Yes, I think you got it right (although the protocol document
>>does not currently use the term "peer address set"). This set is
>>used as input for address pair selection (on initiator side),
>>and possibly when responder address changes (although the
>>details need some clarification here...)
>>    
>>
>
>OK.
> 
>  
>
>>>One more question: Should the initiator make all the CHILD_SAs
>>>inactive which are associated with the IKE_SA whose "pending_update"
>>>flag is set ?
>>>      
>>>
>>Why should it? (Continuing using those CHILD_SAs should work
>>just fine, since in 2401bis the responder uses only the SPI for
>>locating the inbound IPsec SA.)
>>    
>>
>
>I see. I came to understand that there should be no problem with
>initiator sending/receiving packets with new address right after
>the address change.  I need to synchronize my mind with RFC2401bis...
>Thank you for the clarification.
>
>
>Regards,
>Shinta
>
>_______________________________________________
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>https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>
>
>  
>

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And close #38 too (and change the document
as agreed).

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 01 10:33:12 2005
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This is the result of our list + meeting consensus:

o  Issues 22, 24, 35, 37 closed as described in the Aug
    15th e-mail that I sent.

o  Issue 36 is closed, but as Pasi noted later there's already
    some of this text in the draft. Some clarification
    will be in -02.

o  Issue 27 is closed, with revised text after Tero's
    comments. The final text is in my e-mails from
    Aug 16th and 25th.

--Jari

Jari Arkko wrote:

> Issue 22: NAT preventation name. The current name
> of the payload is NAT_PREVENTION, which has led
> people to believe that we're actually disabling NATs.
> Unfortunately, we can only achieve the detection of
> a NAT and refuse to operate over such a link. The
> proposal is to change the name of the payload (and
> the corresponding error) to more descriptive ones.
> I believe we can leave the details to the editor,
> but names such as NO_NAT_POLICY and DISALLOW_NATS
> have been suggested.
>
> Issue 24: This is a duplicate of issue 22.
>
> Issue 35: Version numbers -- the proposal that we
> came up with in the meeting was that if we move the
> mobike-supported negotiation to the second pair of
> messages (see issue 37), then the length of the messages
> is not such an issue. As a result, we can use plain payload
> without a version number.
>
> Issue 36: Unacceptable addresses. There are cases
> where the initiator does not know which one of the
> retransmitted requests was really the one seen by the
> responder and resulted in the unacceptable address
> error. Pasi's solution for this is to send a new request
> in this (corner) case.
>
> Issue 37: Move MOBIKE supported notification from
> IKEv2_SA_INIT to AUTH exchange. Lessens the
> fragmentation problem, and allows also per-use
> mobike usage policy.
>
> Issue 27: I'll send a separate e-mail about this,
> as text is needed.
>
> Issue 34:  ---"---, as more discussion may be needed.
>
> Pasi's meeting slides for the issue discussion and
> minutes can be found from
>  http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/05aug/slides/mobike-2.pdf
>  http://www.machshav.com/pipermail/mobike/2005-August/000912.html
>
> Please respond by Monday 22nd August.
>
> --Jari
>
> _______________________________________________
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>
>

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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
To: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>,
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 > Stephane Beaulieu \(stephane\) writes:
> > I would prefer to avoid sending periodic probes
> (option 3).
> 
> We are sending them anyways if there is no traffic
> (IKE SA dead peer
> detection).
>
Hmm.. with MOBIKE, you might also send to detect new
paths or previously failed cheap-paths etc. So, if my
current path is working, i might still send probes
(not in the sense of DPD because the peer is not dead)
to find out *good* path. Perhaps, this won't be sent
at the frequency of DPD i guess. 

Note that there is a pontential for the information to
become stale if you constantly probe so that you can
be ready with the new path information when the next
failure happens. But if you know a priori that you
want to use a particular path and that path is not
working currently, you switch immediately. Would this
be more frequent than DPD ? Depends on the traffic
pattern i guess.

-mohan


>The difference is that in option 1 those
> probes are only
> used to detect if the other peer is alive, and in
> option 3 they also
> make sure that the other end the correct NAT-T
> mapping in addition to
> test that the other peer is alive. The amount and
> timers for those
> packets should be same, but Pasi was little bit
> concerned that some
> adminstrators might want to configure the timers
> shorter in case we
> select option 3 to allow faster recovery of lost NAT
> mappings. I
> myself thing that this is such corner case that I do
> not think anybody
> will configure the timers shorter because of that.
> 
> The option 3 packets will be few bytes bigger than
> the option 1
> packets, but actually the size difference is lost in
> the padding (at
> least for AES cipher). Both of them are small, i.e.
> about 100 bytes
> (ip 20 + udp 8 + ike 28 + encr header 4 + iv 16 +
> empty or 8 byte
> notify plus padding 16 + 12).
> 
> In addition to that IKE SA dead peer detection
> payloads, there is the
> normal NAT-T keepalive packets going on, which are
> again same in both
> option 1 and 3.
> -- 
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 01 13:12:12 2005
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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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--- Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi> wrote:

> Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com writes:
> > Actually, we need a separate PATH_TEST message
> even with the explicit
> > update if we want to be able to do path testing at
> any time without
> > the possibility of disrupting things.
> 
> You mean the case, where we have decided to move to
> new address, but
> that new address breaks down after us testing it and
> after we sent
> update to it, but before we get reply back to it? I
> think we do not
> disrupt things more even if we use the IKE SA update
> message for
> testing the path. The path is already broken, so we
> cannot disrupt it
> more. After we get the IKE SA update message
> through, we have then
> already fixed the situation, with separate path test
> we still need to
> wait one more extra round trip to fix the situation
> (i.e we first use
> the PATH_TEST to find the working path, and then
> send the packet to
> that address, compared to using the IKE SA update
> message to do the
> path test, and that will immediately fix the
> situation when the
> correct path is found (or in case of unidirectional
> paths, then we
> need to wait the another round trip, i.e. for the
> second address
> update to reach the host)). 

The only time this won't work is when the window is
already closed. In that case, you retransmit with new
address and then on getting a response, send an IKE
message with the UPDATE_SA_ADDRESS payload. This is
the same as sending PATH_TEST message and then use the
results of PATH_TEST message for sending the IKE
message.

-mohan

> -- 
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> _______________________________________________
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Fri Sep 02 03:51:11 2005
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Stephane Beaulieu \(stephane\) writes:
> DPD's are only sent *if* one suspects that the peer is no longer
> receiving pkts.  What we've seen in the real world is that in a span of

Actually no, it is sent if you suspect the other peer is dead, and you
might suspect it being dead because multiple reasons. One reason is
the lack of packets from the other end. Another reason might be the
ICMP message or some other indication from the network.

So if you suspect the other peer is dead, you test it with DPD packet.
This handling is identical with normal IKEv2, and NAT-T, and both
alternative 1 and 3.

The only difference is that in alternative 3 you notice NAT box
booting (or NAT mapping disappearing) by the lack of packets from the
other end. I.e. you notice that you are not getting any responses back
thus you start DPD as normally, and with this DPD you also request the
other end to make sure that the IP address and port number the other
peer is using matches the ones in the NAT mapping.

> a 24 hour VPN RA connection, you'll probably only see about 20-100 DPD
> messages (which are usually clustered in groups during high web-usage
> times).

If there is traffic going on in both directions then you do not ever
see DPD packets. You only see DPD packets when you do not receive
packets from the other end (either it being dead or it being idle). 

> So, DPDs are not periodic.

True, the original description was misleading because of that.

> Having said that, I don't see why probes would need to be periodic
> either.  If you suspect the pkts aren't getting to your peer, then send
> the DPD/mobike probe.  Otherwise, don't send anything.  If we can agree
> on this, then I'm OK with probes.

This is the case with alternative 3. I.e. they are not periodic, they
are only sent when the host behind NAT (initiator) detects that it is
not receiving anything from the other end (perhaps because the NAT
reboot or something), and that DPD will then also be used to fix the
NAT mapping in the other peer (i.e. do the similar update that
alternative 1 does for all packets, here we simply explicitly request
the other end to fix the situation).
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> Hmm.. with MOBIKE, you might also send to detect new
> paths or previously failed cheap-paths etc. So, if my
> current path is working, i might still send probes
> (not in the sense of DPD because the peer is not dead)
> to find out *good* path. Perhaps, this won't be sent
> at the frequency of DPD i guess. 

The actual packets might be identical, but they are not DPD packets,
they are path test packets because of the function they perform is
different...
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Tero Kivinen wrote:

>
>This is the case with alternative 3. I.e. they are not periodic, they
>are only sent when the host behind NAT (initiator) detects that it is
>not receiving anything (snip)
>
True. But I guess you could say that when your device is
idle, the probes are being sent and are periodic... how much
that matters is a matter of opinion.

--Jari

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Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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OK.  Sounds like we are in agreement.

If a host suspects that his peer is dead (or the path is dead), then he
sends a DPD/mobike probe.

It's worth noting that a host MAY use the arrival of a packet which
seems to have wrong IP or port (due to possible NAT mapping change) to
trigger this process.  This IMO, is the best of both worlds.

Stephane.
=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tero Kivinen [mailto:kivinen@iki.fi]=20
> Sent: Friday, September 02, 2005 3:50 AM
> To: Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)
> Cc: Jari Arkko; Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com; Mohan Parthasarathy;=20
> mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT=20
> reboot detection
>=20
> Stephane Beaulieu \(stephane\) writes:
> > DPD's are only sent *if* one suspects that the peer is no longer=20
> > receiving pkts.  What we've seen in the real world is that=20
> in a span=20
> > of
>=20
> Actually no, it is sent if you suspect the other peer is=20
> dead, and you might suspect it being dead because multiple=20
> reasons. One reason is the lack of packets from the other=20
> end. Another reason might be the ICMP message or some other=20
> indication from the network.
>=20
> So if you suspect the other peer is dead, you test it with DPD packet.
> This handling is identical with normal IKEv2, and NAT-T, and=20
> both alternative 1 and 3.
>=20
> The only difference is that in alternative 3 you notice NAT=20
> box booting (or NAT mapping disappearing) by the lack of=20
> packets from the other end. I.e. you notice that you are not=20
> getting any responses back thus you start DPD as normally,=20
> and with this DPD you also request the other end to make sure=20
> that the IP address and port number the other peer is using=20
> matches the ones in the NAT mapping.
>=20
> > a 24 hour VPN RA connection, you'll probably only see about=20
> 20-100 DPD=20
> > messages (which are usually clustered in groups during high=20
> web-usage=20
> > times).
>=20
> If there is traffic going on in both directions then you do=20
> not ever see DPD packets. You only see DPD packets when you=20
> do not receive packets from the other end (either it being=20
> dead or it being idle).=20
>=20
> > So, DPDs are not periodic.
>=20
> True, the original description was misleading because of that.
>=20
> > Having said that, I don't see why probes would need to be periodic=20
> > either.  If you suspect the pkts aren't getting to your peer, then=20
> > send the DPD/mobike probe.  Otherwise, don't send anything.=20
>  If we can=20
> > agree on this, then I'm OK with probes.
>=20
> This is the case with alternative 3. I.e. they are not=20
> periodic, they are only sent when the host behind NAT=20
> (initiator) detects that it is not receiving anything from=20
> the other end (perhaps because the NAT reboot or something),=20
> and that DPD will then also be used to fix the NAT mapping in=20
> the other peer (i.e. do the similar update that alternative 1=20
> does for all packets, here we simply explicitly request the=20
> other end to fix the situation).
> --
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
>=20
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
Date: Fri, 2 Sep 2005 07:59:04 -0400
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From: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
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> reboot detection
>=20
> Tero Kivinen wrote:
>=20
> >
> >This is the case with alternative 3. I.e. they are not=20
> periodic, they=20
> >are only sent when the host behind NAT (initiator) detects=20
> that it is=20
> >not receiving anything (snip)
> >
> True. But I guess you could say that when your device is=20
> idle, the probes are being sent and are periodic... how much=20
> that matters is a matter of opinion.

I don't understand why this has to be the case.  With DPD, if you have
no packets to send (i.e. you are idle), you don't do DPD.  You only do
DPD if you've sent X number of packets in the last Y seconds, and have
not received any in the same span of time.  The only situation where
this ends up being periodic is when you're sending uni-directional
traffic (which is rare in the real world).

Stephane.


>=20
> --Jari
>=20
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Stephane Beaulieu (stephane) wrote:

>>True. But I guess you could say that when your device is 
>>idle, the probes are being sent and are periodic... how much 
>>that matters is a matter of opinion.
>>    
>>
>I don't understand why this has to be the case.  With DPD, if you have
>no packets to send (i.e. you are idle), you don't do DPD.  You only do
>DPD if you've sent X number of packets in the last Y seconds, and have
>not received any in the same span of time.  The only situation where
>this ends up being periodic is when you're sending uni-directional
>traffic (which is rare in the real world).
>  
>
Sorry, I wasn't quite correct. It seems that we have
one timer for the case that there is traffic but we don't
seem to be getting answers. If we have no traffic to send
then we also have a timer, but the frequency of the
probes is much higher, and perhaps less likely to be
an issue. Finally, we have NAT keepalive
but that's a separate issue.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Sep 07 06:05:22 2005
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Subject: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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This is a suggestion for a potential resolution of issue 34.
First, it seems that issue 34 is really about two separate
problems:

   Part a: How do we survive NAT reboots? ESP vs. IKE update?
   Part b: Do we have a separate path test message or not?

For part a, we have discussed probing frequencies and hardware
issues. List discussion on the probing seems to converge to
the conclusion that IKE-based messages for this purpose would
be OK. I'm not sure if we have come to any conclusion on the
hardware/implementation problem issues: There's a difference
where IKE-based messaging does not need hardware support
for ESP address changes. On the other hand we're not quite
sure if lack of hardware support is an issue for the ESP-based
approach either -- hardware evolves while deployment of new
features is ongoing. And as we are talking about a special case
to begin with, it may not be critical to have this support in
all devices at all times.

For part b, we have discussed whether the separate message
is easier to describe or not, and whether the separate message
can be sent in cases where additional IKE messages would have
to be delayed due to the usual IKE processing rules (e.g., when
connectivity breaks during an already ongoing movement operation).
In the latter discussion, it seems that we came to the conclusion
that if this happens, the worst that can happen is delay of
one roundtrip.

Based on the above I'd like to suggest that we pick
IKE based messages for NAT reboot/change detection,
and IKE messages for the path testing. Comments?

I asked Pasi to write some text for this, see below.

2.X Changes in NAT Mappings

   IKEv2 performs Dead Peer Detection (DPD) if there has recently been
   only outgoing traffic on all of the SAs associated with the IKE_SA.

   In MOBIKE, these messages can also be used to detect if NAT
   mappings have changed (for example, if the keepalive internal is
   too long, or the NAT box is rebooted).  More specifically, if both
   peers support both this specification and NAT Traversal,
   NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads MAY be included in any INFORMATIONAL
   request; if the request includes them, the responder MUST also
   include them in the response (but no other action is taken, unless
   otherwise specified).

   When the original initiator is behind a NAT, it SHOULD include
   these payloads in DPD messages, and compare the received
   NAT_DETECTION_DESTINATION_IP payload with the value from the
   previous UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES response (or the IKE_SA_INIT
   response).  If the values do not match, the IP address and/or port
   seen by the responder has changed, and the initiator SHOULD send
   UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES as described in Section 2.3.

   When MOBIKE is in use, the host not behind a NAT SHOULD NOT use the
   dynamic updates specified in [IKEv2] Section 2.23 (where the peer
   address and port is updated from the last valid authenticated
   packet).  This ensures that both peers have a consistent view of
   when addresses are to be changed, and prevents conflicts between
   MOBIKE-originated updates and NAT-T dynamic updates.  It also means
   that an INFORMATIONAL exchange that does not contain
   UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES does not cause any changes, allowing it to be
   used for, e.g., testing whether a particular path works.

(And remove Section 2.5 about separate PATH_TEST exchange.)



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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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Although I have earlier supported the "dynamic updates"
approach, I'm starting to think that handling this with explicit
IKE-level messages might be easier.  Since we already send
the DPD messages anyway, allowing them to contain NAT_DETECTION=20
payloads is very simple (and might be worth doing even if we=20
chose dynamic updates, the two are not totally exclusive).

And if we do this, then there isn't that much need for a separate
path test message, so perhaps it's simpler to leave it out...

So I support your proposal on issue 34.

Best regards,
Pasi

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Jari Arkko
> Sent: Wednesday, September 07, 2005 1:05 PM
> To: mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
>=20
>=20
> This is a suggestion for a potential resolution of issue 34.
> First, it seems that issue 34 is really about two separate
> problems:
>=20
>    Part a: How do we survive NAT reboots? ESP vs. IKE update?
>    Part b: Do we have a separate path test message or not?
>=20
> For part a, we have discussed probing frequencies and hardware
> issues. List discussion on the probing seems to converge to
> the conclusion that IKE-based messages for this purpose would
> be OK. I'm not sure if we have come to any conclusion on the
> hardware/implementation problem issues: There's a difference
> where IKE-based messaging does not need hardware support
> for ESP address changes. On the other hand we're not quite
> sure if lack of hardware support is an issue for the ESP-based
> approach either -- hardware evolves while deployment of new
> features is ongoing. And as we are talking about a special case
> to begin with, it may not be critical to have this support in
> all devices at all times.
>=20
> For part b, we have discussed whether the separate message
> is easier to describe or not, and whether the separate message
> can be sent in cases where additional IKE messages would have
> to be delayed due to the usual IKE processing rules (e.g., when
> connectivity breaks during an already ongoing movement operation).
> In the latter discussion, it seems that we came to the conclusion
> that if this happens, the worst that can happen is delay of
> one roundtrip.
>=20
> Based on the above I'd like to suggest that we pick
> IKE based messages for NAT reboot/change detection,
> and IKE messages for the path testing. Comments?
>=20
> I asked Pasi to write some text for this, see below.
>=20
> 2.X Changes in NAT Mappings
>=20
>    IKEv2 performs Dead Peer Detection (DPD) if there has recently been
>    only outgoing traffic on all of the SAs associated with the IKE_SA.
>=20
>    In MOBIKE, these messages can also be used to detect if NAT
>    mappings have changed (for example, if the keepalive internal is
>    too long, or the NAT box is rebooted).  More specifically, if both
>    peers support both this specification and NAT Traversal,
>    NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads MAY be included in any INFORMATIONAL
>    request; if the request includes them, the responder MUST also
>    include them in the response (but no other action is taken, unless
>    otherwise specified).
>=20
>    When the original initiator is behind a NAT, it SHOULD include
>    these payloads in DPD messages, and compare the received
>    NAT_DETECTION_DESTINATION_IP payload with the value from the
>    previous UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES response (or the IKE_SA_INIT
>    response).  If the values do not match, the IP address and/or port
>    seen by the responder has changed, and the initiator SHOULD send
>    UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES as described in Section 2.3.
>=20
>    When MOBIKE is in use, the host not behind a NAT SHOULD NOT use the
>    dynamic updates specified in [IKEv2] Section 2.23 (where the peer
>    address and port is updated from the last valid authenticated
>    packet).  This ensures that both peers have a consistent view of
>    when addresses are to be changed, and prevents conflicts between
>    MOBIKE-originated updates and NAT-T dynamic updates.  It also means
>    that an INFORMATIONAL exchange that does not contain
>    UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES does not cause any changes, allowing it to be
>    used for, e.g., testing whether a particular path works.
>=20
> (And remove Section 2.5 about separate PATH_TEST exchange.)
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40)
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My apologies for the long delay (I was on vacation most of
August, and your email somehow slipped through my mind).  I've
now filed your comments as issue 40 (although since you had
quite many comments, some of them might need separate issue
numbers later).

> - IMHO the WG should pay (again) more attention to its
> charter: multihoming support is in it and to mention
> multihoming just before explaining it has nothing to do with
> the main scenario (and in fact with the document) is not
> right. So please really fix the Abstract!

Ok, I'll try to rephrase this in the next version.

> - motivation 2nd paragraph: the "another example" is a very
> limited view of what multihoming support needs. I'd like to
> see the mobike protocol supporting simultaneous multiple peer
> addresses.  (I use the term "peer address" from pki4ipsec
> documents because it could not confused with addresses in
> traffic selectors).

Since the first version of MOBIKE only deals with the outer
(tunnel header) addresses, using multiple addresses for an IPsec
SA simultaneously would probably mean either load balancing
(explicitly ruled out in the WG charter) or sending copies of a
single ESP packet over several paths (nobody has expressed any
interest in this so far).

But this is probably not what you meant... ?

> - in 2.1 the NAT_XXX_IP notifications are mandatory because it
> is the way the IP addresses in the IP header can be protected
> against en route modification (what I called the transient NAT
> attack). As the NAT_DETECTION_* could be interpreted as NAT-T
> is supported the NAT prevention stuff was introduced... This
> doesn't matter as soon as the IP addresses which will become
> the initial peer addresses are reflected in an integrity
> check.

You're right, I forgot to show the NAT_PREVENTION notification
in Section 2.1 (Section 2.6 did say that it's also included in
IKE_SA_INIT). I'll fix this...

> - in 2.2 why the ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS are limited to IKE_AUTH?
> (2.4 is too far, please add a pointer to it)

Ok, I'll add a pointer.

> - IMHO we need the capability to remove addresses too. Some
> care should be taken if we remove all or "important"
> addresses.  (same: pointer to 2.4)

We already have the _capability_ to remove addresses (you send a
new address list that does not contain the address you want to
remove).  The same capability could be implemented by more
complex protocol mechanisms, but I don't currently see any
reason to do so...

>- 2.2 is enough to make the transport mode with mobike I-D=20
> applicable, so we should progress it?

A good question, I'll leave this to the WG chairs...

> - in 2.3 the SPD entries have to be updated too or expired SAs
> will be renewed with wrong addresses.

I'll add a clarification about this (where exactly the
addressses have to be updated depends a lot on the
implementation; e.g. the VPN client I have on my PC treats the
IPsec tunnel as a virtual interface, and stores some of the
information RFC 2401 would call "SPD" in what the implementation
calls "routing table").

> - in 2.3 it should be clearer that NAT_XXX notifications are
> mandatory.

Do you mean the NAT_DETECTION_*_IP or NAT_PREVENTION
notifications?

Currently the idea is that if you support NAT-T, you include
NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads; if you don't want NAT-T and do want
the "NAT prevention" feature, you include NAT_PREVENTION (but
not NAT_DETECTION_*).

> - the link between 2.2 and 2.3 is not explained because the
> new addresses are taken from the IP header. BTW I am afraid
> the main scenario is the only supported scenario as a
> consequence...

Could you give a concrete example of a scenario that can't be
done currently?

> - another limitation of 2.3 is it cannot update selectively a
> subset of SAs: again a case only is handled!

Yes, and this is intentional (there was rough consensus in issue
8 to do it this way -- if you want to update a subset of SAs,
you need to have several IKE_SAs).

>  - in 2.4 the case where there is a UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES before
>  should be explained. I propose to explain that the current
>  peer addresses are IKE_SA parameters and the
>  UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES echange defines their initial values.

I'll try to clarify 2.4 in the next version..

> - the address update by the responder is a bit complex. It
> seems to work but I am afraid it should be hard to explain, so
> I'd like to get a simpler mechanism (IMHO this is again a
> symptom of mobility vs multihoming problem of the document).

I agree the explanation is quite complex. I'll try to simplify
it in the next version...

> - 2.7 is not sound with 2.3 (IMHO the problem is in the
> wording because the way a NAT_PREVENTION can be associated
> with a UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES is clear but is not as described in
> 2.7).  BTW I agree with the TBD (:-).

Quite right. I'll work on this for -02.

> - section 4 misses one of the mobility specific points: the
> initiator peer address (the MN care-of address) is
> dynamic/unknown so could not be verified by the responder (VPN
> server). This is why the protection performed by NAT_XXX
> notifications are necessary (BTW I have no concern to make it
> mandatory even in pure multihoming cases).

I'm updating the security considerations section in the next
version (see also issues 27 and 28), I hope the new text better
takes this into account.

> - the fact the ingress filtering works for UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES
> because the new addresses are from the IP header should be
> mentioned (as a justification of this choice or as a
> point-to-solve if the choice will be changed).

Good point, I'll add this to the security considerations
section.

> - requires !=3D SHOULD. BTW I am against the idea to make MOBIKE
> less efficient than mobility just because of the FUD of third
> party flooding attacks.

I fully agree that these flooding attacks are mostly FUD, and I
would not mind changing the "return routability check SHOULD be
done before updating.." to a MAY or something. But on the other
hand, you can ignore the SHOULD if want, too.

Best regards,
Pasi
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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Hi,

there is one situation where "dynamic updates" has clear
advantage: voice. Dynamic updates survives much faster=20
than IKE approach and call would stay up.

And yes, I know VoIP is out of the scope, but still IPsec is used to
protect voice traffic as well, and if possible that should be taken
into account.

Regards,

Mika

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com]
> Sent: 07 September, 2005 17:17
> To: jari.arkko@piuha.net; mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
>=20
>=20
> Although I have earlier supported the "dynamic updates"
> approach, I'm starting to think that handling this with explicit
> IKE-level messages might be easier.  Since we already send
> the DPD messages anyway, allowing them to contain NAT_DETECTION=20
> payloads is very simple (and might be worth doing even if we=20
> chose dynamic updates, the two are not totally exclusive).
>=20
> And if we do this, then there isn't that much need for a separate
> path test message, so perhaps it's simpler to leave it out...
>=20
> So I support your proposal on issue 34.
>=20
> Best regards,
> Pasi
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: ext Jari Arkko
> > Sent: Wednesday, September 07, 2005 1:05 PM
> > To: mobike@machshav.com
> > Subject: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
> >=20
> >=20
> > This is a suggestion for a potential resolution of issue 34.
> > First, it seems that issue 34 is really about two separate
> > problems:
> >=20
> >    Part a: How do we survive NAT reboots? ESP vs. IKE update?
> >    Part b: Do we have a separate path test message or not?
> >=20
> > For part a, we have discussed probing frequencies and hardware
> > issues. List discussion on the probing seems to converge to
> > the conclusion that IKE-based messages for this purpose would
> > be OK. I'm not sure if we have come to any conclusion on the
> > hardware/implementation problem issues: There's a difference
> > where IKE-based messaging does not need hardware support
> > for ESP address changes. On the other hand we're not quite
> > sure if lack of hardware support is an issue for the ESP-based
> > approach either -- hardware evolves while deployment of new
> > features is ongoing. And as we are talking about a special case
> > to begin with, it may not be critical to have this support in
> > all devices at all times.
> >=20
> > For part b, we have discussed whether the separate message
> > is easier to describe or not, and whether the separate message
> > can be sent in cases where additional IKE messages would have
> > to be delayed due to the usual IKE processing rules (e.g., when
> > connectivity breaks during an already ongoing movement operation).
> > In the latter discussion, it seems that we came to the conclusion
> > that if this happens, the worst that can happen is delay of
> > one roundtrip.
> >=20
> > Based on the above I'd like to suggest that we pick
> > IKE based messages for NAT reboot/change detection,
> > and IKE messages for the path testing. Comments?
> >=20
> > I asked Pasi to write some text for this, see below.
> >=20
> > 2.X Changes in NAT Mappings
> >=20
> >    IKEv2 performs Dead Peer Detection (DPD) if there has=20
> recently been
> >    only outgoing traffic on all of the SAs associated with=20
> the IKE_SA.
> >=20
> >    In MOBIKE, these messages can also be used to detect if NAT
> >    mappings have changed (for example, if the keepalive internal is
> >    too long, or the NAT box is rebooted).  More=20
> specifically, if both
> >    peers support both this specification and NAT Traversal,
> >    NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads MAY be included in any INFORMATIONAL
> >    request; if the request includes them, the responder MUST also
> >    include them in the response (but no other action is=20
> taken, unless
> >    otherwise specified).
> >=20
> >    When the original initiator is behind a NAT, it SHOULD include
> >    these payloads in DPD messages, and compare the received
> >    NAT_DETECTION_DESTINATION_IP payload with the value from the
> >    previous UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES response (or the IKE_SA_INIT
> >    response).  If the values do not match, the IP address=20
> and/or port
> >    seen by the responder has changed, and the initiator SHOULD send
> >    UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES as described in Section 2.3.
> >=20
> >    When MOBIKE is in use, the host not behind a NAT SHOULD=20
> NOT use the
> >    dynamic updates specified in [IKEv2] Section 2.23 (where the peer
> >    address and port is updated from the last valid authenticated
> >    packet).  This ensures that both peers have a consistent view of
> >    when addresses are to be changed, and prevents conflicts between
> >    MOBIKE-originated updates and NAT-T dynamic updates.  It=20
> also means
> >    that an INFORMATIONAL exchange that does not contain
> >    UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES does not cause any changes, allowing it to be
> >    used for, e.g., testing whether a particular path works.
> >=20
> > (And remove Section 2.5 about separate PATH_TEST exchange.)
> _______________________________________________
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> Mobike@machshav.com
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>=20
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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To: Mika.Joutsenvirta@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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Mika.Joutsenvirta@nokia.com wrote:

>Hi,
>
>there is one situation where "dynamic updates" has clear
>advantage: voice. Dynamic updates survives much faster 
>than IKE approach and call would stay up.
>
>And yes, I know VoIP is out of the scope, but still IPsec is used to
>protect voice traffic as well, and if possible that should be taken
>into account.
>  
>
VoIP is not necessarily out of scope. The group's
intention is not to develop a protocol that goes
together with a large set of optimizations for
various scenarios (like in Mobile IPv6, for instance).
But its still OK to choose our base mechanisms
in a manner that covers as many application
needs as possible, even VoIP.

Re: specific issue with dynamic updates. If I recall
Pasi's text correctly, it said "SHOULD NOT" for
using the dynamic updates -- this means that it
would still be possible for, say, a MOBIKE-based
IMS phone to go against the SHOULD NOT and
use the dynamic updates, given that the importance
of this was determined to be high in the given
environment. However, I would like to remind
that the path testing, MOBIKE mechanisms, DPD,
dynamic updates, other L3 mechanisms are not the
best option when fast detection is desired. They
are necessary when (a) there are no other mechanisms
and when (b) problems occur somewhere along the
path and not the first link.

However, it seems to me that most practical
problems occur on the first link and
are detectable by L2 indications, IPv6 NUD
and the like. Many path problems also have
a more permanent nature (e.g., firewall doesn't
let you through) that allows them to be avoided
by the path test mechanism.

In conclusion I think MOBIKE can work pretty
efficiently when it comes to first link problems
and permanent path problems. The dynamic
updates would help, but only in the case of
rebooting/forgetful NATs. (I'm not saying thats
not important, just trying to quantify the impact.)

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 04:28:37 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 07 Sep 2005 13:05:18 +0300.
	<431EBB5E.7050405@piuha.net> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   This is a suggestion for a potential resolution of issue 34.
   First, it seems that issue 34 is really about two separate
   problems:
   
      Part a: How do we survive NAT reboots? ESP vs. IKE update?
   
   Based on the above I'd like to suggest that we pick
   IKE based messages for NAT reboot/change detection,
   and IKE messages for the path testing. Comments?
   
=> note that I disagree.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 05:23:34 2005
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Francis Dupont wrote:

>=> note that I disagree.
>  
>
Ok. Can you expand the above a bit with
some reasons and/or alternative proposals?

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 05:58:50 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 07 Sep 2005 19:20:46 +0300.
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   My apologies for the long delay (I was on vacation most of
   August, and your email somehow slipped through my mind).  I've
   now filed your comments as issue 40 (although since you had
   quite many comments, some of them might need separate issue
   numbers later).
   
   > - IMHO the WG should pay (again) more attention to its
   > charter: multihoming support is in it and to mention
   > multihoming just before explaining it has nothing to do with
   > the main scenario (and in fact with the document) is not
   > right. So please really fix the Abstract!
   
   Ok, I'll try to rephrase this in the next version.
   
=> I am afraid that the issue is not only on wording, i.e.,
if you change the wording to reflect the real goal of the
document we'll be in real trouble with the charter (the IETF
one).

   > - motivation 2nd paragraph: the "another example" is a very
   > limited view of what multihoming support needs. I'd like to
   > see the mobike protocol supporting simultaneous multiple peer
   > addresses.  (I use the term "peer address" from pki4ipsec
   > documents because it could not confused with addresses in
   > traffic selectors).
   
   Since the first version of MOBIKE only deals with the outer
   (tunnel header) addresses, using multiple addresses for an IPsec
   SA simultaneously would probably mean either load balancing
   (explicitly ruled out in the WG charter) or sending copies of a
   single ESP packet over several paths (nobody has expressed any
   interest in this so far).
   
   But this is probably not what you meant... ?
   
=> no, I mean simultaneous multiple peer addresses for different
IPsec SAs, something I've called the SCTP model for multihoming
(note it is not only for SCTP, it was just accurately described
in SCTP documents).

   > - IMHO we need the capability to remove addresses too. Some
   > care should be taken if we remove all or "important"
   > addresses.  (same: pointer to 2.4)
   
   We already have the _capability_ to remove addresses

=> this is covered by my "pointer to 2.4". IMHO some introduction
statements will be fine...

   > - in 2.3 the SPD entries have to be updated too or expired SAs
   > will be renewed with wrong addresses.
   
   I'll add a clarification about this (where exactly the
   addressses have to be updated depends a lot on the
   implementation; e.g. the VPN client I have on my PC treats the
   IPsec tunnel as a virtual interface, and stores some of the
   information RFC 2401 would call "SPD" in what the implementation
   calls "routing table").
   
=> IMHO there is no choice here: the formal description is in 2401bis
and we have to use it even when we know the implementations have only
to provide the same behavior and can use very different structures.

   > - in 2.3 it should be clearer that NAT_XXX notifications are
   > mandatory.
   
   Do you mean the NAT_DETECTION_*_IP or NAT_PREVENTION
   notifications?
   
=> yes.

   Currently the idea is that if you support NAT-T, you include
   NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads; if you don't want NAT-T and do want
   the "NAT prevention" feature, you include NAT_PREVENTION (but
   not NAT_DETECTION_*).
   
=> I agree, my concern is there must be no case without any NAT_XXX.

   > - the link between 2.2 and 2.3 is not explained because the
   > new addresses are taken from the IP header. BTW I am afraid
   > the main scenario is the only supported scenario as a
   > consequence...
   
   Could you give a concrete example of a scenario that can't be
   done currently?
   
=> multihoming.

   > - another limitation of 2.3 is it cannot update selectively a
   > subset of SAs: again a case only is handled!
   
   Yes, and this is intentional (there was rough consensus in issue
   8 to do it this way -- if you want to update a subset of SAs,
   you need to have several IKE_SAs).
   
=> the problem is if the intention is not to support multihoming
(and it seems there is a rough consensus about this :-) the charter
must be updated. Or we'll get IESG comments or even an appeal
about the document and its lack of support for anything else
than mobility.

   > - requires != SHOULD. BTW I am against the idea to make MOBIKE
   > less efficient than mobility just because of the FUD of third
   > party flooding attacks.
   
   I fully agree that these flooding attacks are mostly FUD, and I
   would not mind changing the "return routability check SHOULD be
   done before updating.." to a MAY or something. But on the other
   hand, you can ignore the SHOULD if want, too.
   
=> as I wrote the term here is "requires" which is stronger than
the SHOULD we agree about.

Thanks

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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Date: Thu, 8 Sep 2005 15:19:12 +0300
From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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Jari Arkko writes:
> Based on the above I'd like to suggest that we pick
> IKE based messages for NAT reboot/change detection,
> and IKE messages for the path testing. Comments?

I am in favor of this approach... (as people already probably know :-)

> 2.X Changes in NAT Mappings
> 
>    IKEv2 performs Dead Peer Detection (DPD) if there has recently been
>    only outgoing traffic on all of the SAs associated with the IKE_SA.
> 
>    In MOBIKE, these messages can also be used to detect if NAT
>    mappings have changed (for example, if the keepalive internal is
>    too long, or the NAT box is rebooted).  More specifically, if both
>    peers support both this specification and NAT Traversal,
>    NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads MAY be included in any INFORMATIONAL
>    request; if the request includes them, the responder MUST also
>    include them in the response (but no other action is taken, unless
>    otherwise specified).
> 
>    When the original initiator is behind a NAT, it SHOULD include
>    these payloads in DPD messages, and compare the received
>    NAT_DETECTION_DESTINATION_IP payload with the value from the
>    previous UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES response (or the IKE_SA_INIT
>    response).  If the values do not match, the IP address and/or port
>    seen by the responder has changed, and the initiator SHOULD send
>    UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES as described in Section 2.3.

Note, that original initiator can also save one round trip (and one
exchange) if he adds both NAT_DETECTION_*_IP and UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES
notifies to the DPD messages. If the addresses have not changed then
the UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES is no-op thus only wasting 8 bytes in the
DPD. If the addresses have changed because of the NAT mapping
disappearing, then it saves the one round trip and makes the recovery
faster.

I think it is already allowed in the protocol, as it does say that we
proces UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES notification in any INFORMATIONAL exchange,
but it might be good to notify this possibility here too. 
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
Date: Thu, 8 Sep 2005 16:02:36 +0300
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Francis Dupont wrote:

>    > - motivation 2nd paragraph: the "another example" is a very
>    > limited view of what multihoming support needs. I'd like to
>    > see the mobike protocol supporting simultaneous multiple peer
>    > addresses.  (I use the term "peer address" from pki4ipsec
>    > documents because it could not confused with addresses in
>    > traffic selectors).
>   =20
>    Since the first version of MOBIKE only deals with the outer
>    (tunnel header) addresses, using multiple addresses for an IPsec
>    SA simultaneously would probably mean either load balancing
>    (explicitly ruled out in the WG charter) or sending copies of a
>    single ESP packet over several paths (nobody has expressed any
>    interest in this so far).
>   =20
>    But this is probably not what you meant... ?
>   =20
> =3D> no, I mean simultaneous multiple peer addresses for different
> IPsec SAs, something I've called the SCTP model for multihoming
> (note it is not only for SCTP, it was just accurately described
> in SCTP documents).

The current protocol already supports this functionality. There=20
are several different ways how this functionality could be=20
implemented in the protocol, and in issue 8 there was rough
consensus to choose one of them (if you want different addresses=20
for different IPsec SAs, you can do so by creating IKE_SAs).

<snip>

>    > - the link between 2.2 and 2.3 is not explained because the
>    > new addresses are taken from the IP header. BTW I am afraid
>    > the main scenario is the only supported scenario as a
>    > consequence...
>   =20
>    Could you give a concrete example of a scenario that can't be
>    done currently?
>   =20
> =3D> multihoming.

I do not agree. We just chose to implement multihoming support=20
in a slightly different way than SCTP did.

Best regards,
Pasi
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Mika.Joutsenvirta@nokia.com writes:
> there is one situation where "dynamic updates" has clear
> advantage: voice. Dynamic updates survives much faster 
> than IKE approach and call would stay up.

NAT rebooting will cause probably tens of seconds or even minutes of
network lossage anyways, so that will normally cause people to break
the connection and try to reconnect before that. I think most of my
friends will usually allow about 2-10 seconds of bad connection in gsm
phone, before they will hang up and redial trying to fix the problem.
Most of the NATs boot much slower than that.

> And yes, I know VoIP is out of the scope, but still IPsec is used to
> protect voice traffic as well, and if possible that should be taken
> into account.

I do not think VoIP makes any difference here. If the NAT is really
rebootted, it does not really matter if the connection is restored in
120 seconds (when the first ESP packet reaches the other end after NAT
if finally up), or if it takes little longer before the DPD kicks in.

Another case of causing NAT mapping disappearing is the too long
keepalive, but that should not really matter in VoIP traffic, as there
is traffic going on fast enough to keep the NAT mappings up.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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This slipped away from my processing queue
too, sorry Francis. Many thanks however for
your careful review, it seems that you caught
many issues that will lead to a document
change.

Here are some comments and suggested
changes, embedded in Pasi's comments.

>My apologies for the long delay (I was on vacation most of
>August, and your email somehow slipped through my mind).  I've
>now filed your comments as issue 40 (although since you had
>quite many comments, some of them might need separate issue
>numbers later).
>
>  
>
>>- IMHO the WG should pay (again) more attention to its
>>charter: multihoming support is in it and to mention
>>multihoming just before explaining it has nothing to do with
>>the main scenario (and in fact with the document) is not
>>right. So please really fix the Abstract!
>>    
>>
>
>Ok, I'll try to rephrase this in the next version.
>  
>
Here's a suggested edit:

   ... MOBIKE is making it possible for a remote access VPN user to move
   from one address to another while keeping the connection with the VPN
   gateway active.

=>

   ... MOBIKE is making it possible for a remote access VPN user
   to maintain a single VPN connection with a gateway, despite
   moving from one address to another or having multiple addresses.

Similar change in Section 1.1. Is there anything else Francis?

>>- motivation 2nd paragraph: the "another example" is a very
>>limited view of what multihoming support needs. I'd like to
>>see the mobike protocol supporting simultaneous multiple peer
>>addresses.  (I use the term "peer address" from pki4ipsec
>>documents because it could not confused with addresses in
>>traffic selectors).
>>    
>>
>
>Since the first version of MOBIKE only deals with the outer
>(tunnel header) addresses, using multiple addresses for an IPsec
>SA simultaneously would probably mean either load balancing
>(explicitly ruled out in the WG charter) or sending copies of a
>single ESP packet over several paths (nobody has expressed any
>interest in this so far).
>
>But this is probably not what you meant... ?
>  
>
The charter indeed limits us to "failover" semantics
of multihoming. But perhaps this is about IPsec
SA movement granularity? But we already discussed
that earlier and arrived at a conclusion.

>>- in 2.1 the NAT_XXX_IP notifications are mandatory because it
>>is the way the IP addresses in the IP header can be protected
>>against en route modification (what I called the transient NAT
>>attack). As the NAT_DETECTION_* could be interpreted as NAT-T
>>is supported the NAT prevention stuff was introduced... This
>>doesn't matter as soon as the IP addresses which will become
>>the initial peer addresses are reflected in an integrity
>>check.
>>    
>>
>
>You're right, I forgot to show the NAT_PREVENTION notification
>in Section 2.1 (Section 2.6 did say that it's also included in
>IKE_SA_INIT). I'll fix this...
>  
>
Sounds clear.

>>- in 2.2 why the ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS are limited to IKE_AUTH?
>>(2.4 is too far, please add a pointer to it)
>>    
>>
>
>Ok, I'll add a pointer.
>
>  
>
>>- IMHO we need the capability to remove addresses too. Some
>>care should be taken if we remove all or "important"
>>addresses.  (same: pointer to 2.4)
>>    
>>
>
>We already have the _capability_ to remove addresses (you send a
>new address list that does not contain the address you want to
>remove).  The same capability could be implemented by more
>complex protocol mechanisms, but I don't currently see any
>reason to do so...
>  
>
I tend to agree that its better to have a single mechanism
that simply replaces the set, rather than a "diff" scheme.
The latter would work better when there's a very large
set of addresses, but I think simplicity is more valuable
than covering that case. In any case, we know that there
are other limitations in our technology for dealing with
large address sets, e.g, ability to probe for a working
address pair.

>  
>
>>- 2.2 is enough to make the transport mode with mobike I-D 
>>applicable, so we should progress it?
>>    
>>
>
>A good question, I'll leave this to the WG chairs...
>  
>
I'm not sure I understand how Section 2.2 specifically
helps this, but I think our plan is to work on the transport
mode document once we finish this one -- and we are
hopefully not too far off from this. I'd like to do a WGLC
in September, and if all goes well we might be finished
prior to Vancouver -- so get your transport mode document
polished so that we'll have something to discuss there!

>>- in 2.3 the SPD entries have to be updated too or expired SAs
>>will be renewed with wrong addresses.
>>    
>>
>
>I'll add a clarification about this (where exactly the
>addressses have to be updated depends a lot on the
>implementation; e.g. the VPN client I have on my PC treats the
>IPsec tunnel as a virtual interface, and stores some of the
>information RFC 2401 would call "SPD" in what the implementation
>calls "routing table").
>  
>
Hm. I'm not sure I understand this. I thought SPD
deals with the unprotected packets, rather than the
outer addresses, which I think we are working with.
I would understand the SPD entry update if we
were talking about transport mode, however.

>>- in 2.3 it should be clearer that NAT_XXX notifications are
>>mandatory.
>>    
>>
>
>Do you mean the NAT_DETECTION_*_IP or NAT_PREVENTION
>notifications?
>
>Currently the idea is that if you support NAT-T, you include
>NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads; if you don't want NAT-T and do want
>the "NAT prevention" feature, you include NAT_PREVENTION (but
>not NAT_DETECTION_*).
>  
>
The document does not appear to say this explicitly,
or did I miss something? Add text...

>>- the link between 2.2 and 2.3 is not explained because the
>>new addresses are taken from the IP header. BTW I am afraid
>>the main scenario is the only supported scenario as a
>>consequence...
>>    
>>
>
>Could you give a concrete example of a scenario that can't be
>done currently?
>  
>
I think the link is explained. 2.2 says: "The recipient
stores this information, but no other action is taken
at this time." Presumably somewhere else we have
text about what to do when you fail.

Suggestion: unless we can see a more specific
case where there's a problem, I don't see a need
to change the document on this point.

>>- another limitation of 2.3 is it cannot update selectively a
>>subset of SAs: again a case only is handled!
>>    
>>
>
>Yes, and this is intentional (there was rough consensus in issue
>8 to do it this way -- if you want to update a subset of SAs,
>you need to have several IKE_SAs).
>  
>
Yes. Btw, we do intend to be fairly strict about
re-opening issues. (We will re-open an issue only if
we detect a new and/or serious technical problem.)

>> - in 2.4 the case where there is a UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES before
>> should be explained. I propose to explain that the current
>> peer addresses are IKE_SA parameters and the
>> UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES echange defines their initial values.
>>    
>>
>
>I'll try to clarify 2.4 in the next version..
>  
>
Ok.

>>- the address update by the responder is a bit complex. It
>>seems to work but I am afraid it should be hard to explain, so
>>I'd like to get a simpler mechanism (IMHO this is again a
>>symptom of mobility vs multihoming problem of the document).
>>    
>>
>
>I agree the explanation is quite complex. I'll try to simplify
>it in the next version...
>  
>
Ok.

>  
>
>>- 2.7 is not sound with 2.3 (IMHO the problem is in the
>>wording because the way a NAT_PREVENTION can be associated
>>with a UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES is clear but is not as described in
>>2.7).  BTW I agree with the TBD (:-).
>>    
>>
>
>Quite right. I'll work on this for -02.
>  
>
Ok.

>  
>
>>- section 4 misses one of the mobility specific points: the
>>initiator peer address (the MN care-of address) is
>>dynamic/unknown so could not be verified by the responder (VPN
>>server). This is why the protection performed by NAT_XXX
>>notifications are necessary (BTW I have no concern to make it
>>mandatory even in pure multihoming cases).
>>    
>>
>
>I'm updating the security considerations section in the next
>version (see also issues 27 and 28), I hope the new text better
>takes this into account.
>  
>
Good.

>  
>
>>- the fact the ingress filtering works for UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES
>>because the new addresses are from the IP header should be
>>mentioned (as a justification of this choice or as a
>>point-to-solve if the choice will be changed).
>>    
>>
>
>Good point, I'll add this to the security considerations
>section.
>  
>
Right.

>  
>
>>- requires != SHOULD. BTW I am against the idea to make MOBIKE
>>less efficient than mobility just because of the FUD of third
>>party flooding attacks.
>>    
>>
>
>I fully agree that these flooding attacks are mostly FUD, and I
>would not mind changing the "return routability check SHOULD be
>done before updating.." to a MAY or something. But on the other
>hand, you can ignore the SHOULD if want, too.
>  
>
We have existing consensus on this issue. Lets
work with that and not re-open that one.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 09:16:01 2005
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Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com wrote:

>Francis Dupont wrote:
>
>  
>
>>   > - motivation 2nd paragraph: the "another example" is a very
>>   > limited view of what multihoming support needs. I'd like to
>>   > see the mobike protocol supporting simultaneous multiple peer
>>   > addresses.  (I use the term "peer address" from pki4ipsec
>>   > documents because it could not confused with addresses in
>>   > traffic selectors).
>>   
>>   Since the first version of MOBIKE only deals with the outer
>>   (tunnel header) addresses, using multiple addresses for an IPsec
>>   SA simultaneously would probably mean either load balancing
>>   (explicitly ruled out in the WG charter) or sending copies of a
>>   single ESP packet over several paths (nobody has expressed any
>>   interest in this so far).
>>   
>>   But this is probably not what you meant... ?
>>   
>>=> no, I mean simultaneous multiple peer addresses for different
>>IPsec SAs, something I've called the SCTP model for multihoming
>>(note it is not only for SCTP, it was just accurately described
>>in SCTP documents).
>>    
>>
>
>The current protocol already supports this functionality. There 
>are several different ways how this functionality could be 
>implemented in the protocol, and in issue 8 there was rough
>consensus to choose one of them (if you want different addresses 
>for different IPsec SAs, you can do so by creating IKE_SAs).
>  
>
Right. But what I'm missing still is a statement somewhere
in the document that says we can have multiple IKE SAs
in parallel and that if there's MOBIKE-related changes
then those changes apply only to the IKE SA on which
those changes were communicated. This may be obvious,
but I think its good to write it down anyway.

>>   > - the link between 2.2 and 2.3 is not explained because the
>>   > new addresses are taken from the IP header. BTW I am afraid
>>   > the main scenario is the only supported scenario as a
>>   > consequence...
>>   
>>   Could you give a concrete example of a scenario that can't be
>>   done currently?
>>   
>>=> multihoming.
>>    
>>
>
>I do not agree. We just chose to implement multihoming support 
>in a slightly different way than SCTP did.
>  
>
Yes. And I believe what we are doing matches
well with our charter, too.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 09:19:20 2005
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
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Francis Dupont writes:
>    > - in 2.3 the SPD entries have to be updated too or expired SAs
>    > will be renewed with wrong addresses.
>    
>    I'll add a clarification about this (where exactly the
>    addressses have to be updated depends a lot on the
>    implementation; e.g. the VPN client I have on my PC treats the
>    IPsec tunnel as a virtual interface, and stores some of the
>    information RFC 2401 would call "SPD" in what the implementation
>    calls "routing table").
>    
> => IMHO there is no choice here: the formal description is in 2401bis
> and we have to use it even when we know the implementations have only
> to provide the same behavior and can use very different structures.

The 2401bis describes one way of implementing IPsec, it is not the
only way to do it. It itself says:

   "The model described below is nominal; implementations need not
   match details of this model as presented, but the external behavior
   of implementations MUST correspond to the externally observable
   characteristics of this model in order to be compliant."

Also the mobike extends some aspects of IPsec in way that they cannot
be expressed as rfc2401bis PAD/SPD/SAD model (i.e dynamic updating of
the PAD, SPD, SAD etc databases for example), thus implementations
supporting 2401bis and mobike need to make extensions to the
PAD/SPD/SAD. Thus Pasi's clarifications of the what possible tables or
databases needs to be updated in when the addresses are changed should
be in this document, and it does not need to be restricted in the
2401bis language and model. It should include the 2401bis model too
when applicable, but it can also provide other implementaqtion
instructions. 

>    > - another limitation of 2.3 is it cannot update selectively a
>    > subset of SAs: again a case only is handled!
>    
>    Yes, and this is intentional (there was rough consensus in issue
>    8 to do it this way -- if you want to update a subset of SAs,
>    you need to have several IKE_SAs).
>    
> => the problem is if the intention is not to support multihoming
> (and it seems there is a rough consensus about this :-) the charter
> must be updated. Or we'll get IESG comments or even an appeal
> about the document and its lack of support for anything else
> than mobility.

We do support multihoming, we do not support simultaneous use of
multiple addresses (as it would be load balacing that was explictly
forbidden by the charter). We do allow traffic to move from one
interface to the another (that is not mobility, it is multihoming).
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 09:44:46 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Francis Dupont wrote:
   
   >=> note that I disagree.

   Ok. Can you expand the above a bit with
   some reasons and/or alternative proposals?
   
=> I am for making the standard mechanism for IKEv2/NAT-T (update
by ESP) simply mandatory in MOBIKE environments (option 1bis).
This is not against the charter (no new things for NAT-T) and
can be considered as a MOBIKE profile compatible with the
"mainstream" IKEv2.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: I don't buy the hardware argument (nor such hardware :-).
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>=> I am for making the standard mechanism for IKEv2/NAT-T (update
>by ESP) simply mandatory in MOBIKE environments (option 1bis).
>This is not against the charter (no new things for NAT-T) and
>can be considered as a MOBIKE profile compatible with the
>"mainstream" IKEv2.
>
I agree that none of the alternatives break our
charter. But can you explain more about why you
think 1bis is better than the other options? Or
is your argument that it is a smaller impact to
NAT-T than the other options?

>PS: I don't buy the hardware argument (nor such hardware :-).
>  
>
Heh :-)

--Jari


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>=20
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
>=20
>    Francis Dupont wrote:
>   =20
>    >=3D> note that I disagree.
>=20
>    Ok. Can you expand the above a bit with
>    some reasons and/or alternative proposals?
>   =20
> =3D> I am for making the standard mechanism for IKEv2/NAT-T=20
> (update by ESP) simply mandatory in MOBIKE environments (option 1bis).
> This is not against the charter (no new things for NAT-T) and=20
> can be considered as a MOBIKE profile compatible with the=20
> "mainstream" IKEv2.

Francis,

Can't both be done?  If I notice that packets are coming in using a SPI
for which the IP/port doesn't match what I expect, can't I just process
them anyway, and update my sadb?  There doesn't appear anything
interoperability wise to stop you from doing this.  If you update, you
recover NOW.  If you wait for DPD/NAT-T, it will take longer, but still
eventually update.

It means more code to write (since we have to be able to handle 2
different ways of changing NAT mappings), but it does satisfy both
camps.

Stephane.


>=20
> Regards
>=20
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
>=20
> PS: I don't buy the hardware argument (nor such hardware :-).
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>=20
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 11:24:00 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 08 Sep 2005 16:02:36 +0300.
	<B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3025@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > => no, I mean simultaneous multiple peer addresses for different
   > IPsec SAs, something I've called the SCTP model for multihoming
   > (note it is not only for SCTP, it was just accurately described
   > in SCTP documents).
   
   The current protocol already supports this functionality. There 
   are several different ways how this functionality could be 
   implemented in the protocol, and in issue 8 there was rough
   consensus to choose one of them (if you want different addresses 
   for different IPsec SAs, you can do so by creating IKE_SAs).
   
=> so MOBIKE handles multihoming the same way than TCP when
we expect according to the WG charter more something like SCTP.
   
   >    Could you give a concrete example of a scenario that can't be
   >    done currently?
   >    
   > => multihoming.
   
   I do not agree. We just chose to implement multihoming support 
   in a slightly different way than SCTP did.
   
=> what is the real difference between MOBIKE multihoming support
and IKEv2 multihoming support, and, more important, is this difference
enough?

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 11:27:36 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 08 Sep 2005 16:04:42 +0300.
	<17184.14058.518318.692302@fireball.kivinen.iki.fi> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Mika.Joutsenvirta@nokia.com writes:
   > there is one situation where "dynamic updates" has clear
   > advantage: voice. Dynamic updates survives much faster 
   > than IKE approach and call would stay up.
   
   NAT rebooting will cause probably tens of seconds or even minutes of
   network lossage anyways, so that will normally cause people to break
   the connection and try to reconnect before that. I think most of my
   friends will usually allow about 2-10 seconds of bad connection in gsm
   phone, before they will hang up and redial trying to fix the problem.
   Most of the NATs boot much slower than that.
   
=> here NAT rebooting includes NAT loosing its state and unfortunately
this kind of events is more frequent and fast.

   Another case of causing NAT mapping disappearing is the too long
   keepalive, but that should not really matter in VoIP traffic, as there
   is traffic going on fast enough to keep the NAT mappings up.

=> another case so there still are other cases...

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: please don't forget that NAT traversal is explicitely outside
the WG charter.
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 11:34:20 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 08 Sep 2005 16:16:05 +0300.
	<43203995.7060409@piuha.net> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Right. But what I'm missing still is a statement somewhere
   in the document that says we can have multiple IKE SAs
   in parallel and that if there's MOBIKE-related changes
   then those changes apply only to the IKE SA on which
   those changes were communicated. This may be obvious,
   but I think its good to write it down anyway.
   
=> yes, if we'd like to kill multihoming it is better to dig a grave (:-).

   >I do not agree. We just chose to implement multihoming support 
   >in a slightly different way than SCTP did.

   Yes. And I believe what we are doing matches
   well with our charter, too.
   
=> I strongly object: only a part of the charter matches, and I am not
talking about the NAT traversal stuff which does match but a forbidden
part.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 08 11:42:47 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 08 Sep 2005 16:18:14 +0300.
	<17184.14870.172689.595483@fireball.kivinen.iki.fi> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   It should include the 2401bis model too when applicable, but it can
   also provide other implementation instructions.

=> I agree with this conclusion including its keywords.
   
   We do support multihoming, we do not support simultaneous use of
   multiple addresses (as it would be load balacing that was explictly
   forbidden by the charter).

=> I can't see why you believe that multiple addresses implies load
balancing, so I can't understand why you miss the fact that multiple
addresses is the way multihoming is handled in IPv6.

   We do allow traffic to move from one interface to the another (that
   is not mobility, it is multihoming).

=> this is not multihomong, it is a small and not essential part of
what is called multihoming (which is fortunately defined at the IETF,
cf MULTI6 WG & its successor(s)).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   >=> I am for making the standard mechanism for IKEv2/NAT-T (update
   >by ESP) simply mandatory in MOBIKE environments (option 1bis).
   >This is not against the charter (no new things for NAT-T) and
   >can be considered as a MOBIKE profile compatible with the
   >"mainstream" IKEv2.
   >
   I agree that none of the alternatives break our charter.

=> I am not so sure...

   But can you explain more about why you
   think 1bis is better than the other options?

=> because someone who wants to deal with a NAT loosing its state
will simply implement the ESP update as it is recommend by the IKEv2
spec, with or without MOBIKE.

   Or is your argument that it is a smaller impact to
   NAT-T than the other options?
   
=> it has no impact, it is just a profile. It says if you have both
MOBIKE and NAT-T then you must have a good NAT-T, not the minimal one.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: BTW an advantage of 1bis is it doesn't mismatch with current NAT-T
recommendations, i.e., ESP update and >=2 can be a bit hard to live
together.
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 08 Sep 2005 10:37:13 EDT.
	<13E3DA8B48E17D4C96D261A36A23FCD685F834@xmb-rtp-208.amer.cisco.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Can't both be done?

=> yes but the standard NAT-T mechanism is the ESP update and
I don't see why we have to replace it.

   If I notice that packets are coming in using a SPI
   for which the IP/port doesn't match what I expect, can't I just process
   them anyway, and update my sadb?  There doesn't appear anything
   interoperability wise to stop you from doing this.

=> just options >=2

   If you update, you recover NOW.  If you wait for DPD/NAT-T,
   it will take longer, but still eventually update.
   
=> or you don't restrict the SPI to ESP, i.e., you handle all the
port 4500 packets. BTW you don't need to get the IKE SA SPI from
IKE (nor any SPIs in fact), you just have to cache the address/port
per SPI and to detect changes.

   It means more code to write (since we have to be able to handle 2
   different ways of changing NAT mappings), but it does satisfy both
   camps.
   
=> I am afraid this is no easy to code... In fact, IMHO the issue
is the #34 tries to mix implicit and explicit updates which is
a bad design. This is why I still believe we should have kept
MOBIKE and NAT-T separated.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: I believe the peer behind the NAT has to send some ESP packets
from time to time even it has no traffic in order to keep the state
in the NAT(s). This seems a better way to ensure the ESP update than
to add a DPD-like mechanism for IKE processed at the level.
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
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 > 
> PS: please don't forget that NAT traversal is
> explicitely outside
> the WG charter.

I don't know what this means. Do you mean to say
MOBIKE should not care about NATs ? The "issue 34" is
about a specific case of dynamic updates which also
has an impact on PATH_TEST messages. So, just arguing
about dynamic updates alone does not get us anywhere.

-mohan

> _______________________________________________
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> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 

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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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Right, this and the explanation from Jari makes it clear that there
isn't that much advantage in "dynamic updates". So IKE approach is=20
fine with me.=20

And for path testing, I don't see why separate path_test message
should be used (implemented), so I support IKE version here too.

Mika

-----Original Message-----
From: ext Tero Kivinen [mailto:kivinen@iki.fi]
Sent: 08 September, 2005 16:05
To: Joutsenvirta Mika (Nokia-TP/Tampere)
Cc: mobike-bounces@machshav.com; jari.arkko@piuha.net;
mobike@machshav.com
Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal


Mika.Joutsenvirta@nokia.com writes:
> there is one situation where "dynamic updates" has clear
> advantage: voice. Dynamic updates survives much faster=20
> than IKE approach and call would stay up.

NAT rebooting will cause probably tens of seconds or even minutes of
network lossage anyways, so that will normally cause people to break
the connection and try to reconnect before that. I think most of my
friends will usually allow about 2-10 seconds of bad connection in gsm
phone, before they will hang up and redial trying to fix the problem.
Most of the NATs boot much slower than that.

> And yes, I know VoIP is out of the scope, but still IPsec is used to
> protect voice traffic as well, and if possible that should be taken
> into account.

I do not think VoIP makes any difference here. If the NAT is really
rebootted, it does not really matter if the connection is restored in
120 seconds (when the first ESP packet reaches the other end after NAT
if finally up), or if it takes little longer before the DPD kicks in.

Another case of causing NAT mapping disappearing is the too long
keepalive, but that should not really matter in VoIP traffic, as there
is traffic going on fast enough to keep the NAT mappings up.
--=20
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 08 Sep 2005 10:49:06 PDT.
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > PS: please don't forget that NAT traversal is
   > explicitely outside
   > the WG charter.
   
   I don't know what this means.

=> simply: In particular, the WG shall NOT develop mechanisms for the
following functions:

o IP address changes done by third parties (NATs, firewalls etc). In
  particular, MOBIKE shall not replace or modify IKEv2 NAT traversal
  function. MOBIKE handles IP address changes initiated by one of the
  endpoints of the security associations. NAT traversal handles other
  address changes. MOBIKE should not be tightly coupled with the NAT
  traversal function, but it is necessary to specify in which cases
  (if any) they can be used together, and how they interact.

So this discussion itself is in the charter (last statement) but
some proposed solutions can be outside.

   Do you mean to say MOBIKE should not care about NATs ?

=> I mean it should care only inside the limits described in the charter.

   The "issue 34" is
   about a specific case of dynamic updates which also
   has an impact on PATH_TEST messages. So, just arguing
   about dynamic updates alone does not get us anywhere.
   
=> one can consider than #34 is about the interaction between MOBIKE
and NAT-T in cases they are used together.
   
Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/mobike-charter.html
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> In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    > PS: please don't forget that NAT traversal is
>    > explicitely outside
>    > the WG charter.
>    
>    I don't know what this means.
> 
> => simply: In particular, the WG shall NOT develop mechanisms for the
> following functions:
> 
> o IP address changes done by third parties (NATs, firewalls etc). In
>   particular, MOBIKE shall not replace or modify IKEv2 NAT traversal
>   function. MOBIKE handles IP address changes initiated by one of the
>   endpoints of the security associations. NAT traversal handles other
>   address changes. MOBIKE should not be tightly coupled with the NAT
>   traversal function, but it is necessary to specify in which cases
>   (if any) they can be used together, and how they interact.
> 
> So this discussion itself is in the charter (last statement) but
> some proposed solutions can be outside.
> 
>    Do you mean to say MOBIKE should not care about NATs ?
> 
> => I mean it should care only inside the limits described in the charter.
> 
To me the charter is too restrictive and the above paragraph is very ambiguous.
It would be a waste of time discussing it now. 

>    The "issue 34" is
>    about a specific case of dynamic updates which also
>    has an impact on PATH_TEST messages. So, just arguing
>    about dynamic updates alone does not get us anywhere.
>    
> => one can consider than #34 is about the interaction between MOBIKE
> and NAT-T in cases they are used together.
>    
No, it is more than that. If you use implicit updates (as in IKEv2 NAT-T), then
you also need a mechanism to prevent implicit updates so that you can
find working path between the peers. We have discussed enough on this
topic now :-)

-mohan

> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
> PS: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/mobike-charter.html
> _______________________________________________
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> Mobike@machshav.com
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
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Stephane Beaulieu (stephane) writes:
> Can't both be done?  If I notice that packets are coming in using a SPI
> for which the IP/port doesn't match what I expect, can't I just process
> them anyway, and update my sadb?  There doesn't appear anything
> interoperability wise to stop you from doing this.  If you update, you
> recover NOW.  If you wait for DPD/NAT-T, it will take longer, but still
> eventually update.

For ESP packets you could do that, but for IKE packets you need
separate path test exchange if you do that, as then you cannot probe
if the path is working with IKE packet, as the probe can break the
link (it would cause traffic to move to that address pair and if that
address pair was unidirectional the connection would be lost because
of that). 

> It means more code to write (since we have to be able to handle 2
> different ways of changing NAT mappings), but it does satisfy both
> camps.

Why would you want to write more code just to cover very corner case?

We do not expect the NATs be rebooted or loosing mappings regularly,
it might happen to some people every few months or so, and some people
will probably never see that.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Thread-Topic: Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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Subject: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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(I've split this away from issue 40.)

The current version of the protocol draft does not require hosts=20
that do not support NAT-T to use the "NAT prevention" feature.

Francis has suggested that this "middle ground" should be eliminated;
in other words, the initiator would always include either
NAT_DETECTION_*_IP (if it supports NAT-T) or NAT_PREVENTION (it it
doesn't) in all IKE_SA_INIT and UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES messages.

Any comments about this?

My gut feeling is that we should keep this middle ground; after all,
implementations that don't bother to implement NAT-T and UDP
encapsulation can still work through (manually configured) static NATs
and some types of IPv4/v6 translators.

NAT_PREVENTION also creates a denial-of-service vulnerability even
when no malicious attackers are present: a misconfiguration or
introduction of a non-malicious translator causes the peers not to use
that path (and if it was the only one, connection fails).

Or as I put in my IETF63 slides, this is a "trade-off between DoS-ing
yourself and religious beliefs". In my opinion, we don't need to
settle this trade-off in the protocol spec by saying "MUST use NAT
prevention if not using NAT-T": the functionality is available for
those who really want to use it (and understanding NAT_PREVENTION is
mandatory for the responder).

Best regards,
Pasi
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
Date: Fri, 9 Sep 2005 08:06:15 -0400
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Thread-Topic: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
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From: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
To: "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
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=20
>=20
> Stephane Beaulieu (stephane) writes:
> > Can't both be done?  If I notice that packets are coming in using a=20
> > SPI for which the IP/port doesn't match what I expect, can't I just=20
> > process them anyway, and update my sadb?  There doesn't appear=20
> > anything interoperability wise to stop you from doing this.  If you=20
> > update, you recover NOW.  If you wait for DPD/NAT-T, it will take=20
> > longer, but still eventually update.
>=20
> For ESP packets you could do that, but for IKE packets you=20
> need separate path test exchange if you do that, as then you=20
> cannot probe if the path is working with IKE packet, as the=20
> probe can break the link (it would cause traffic to move to=20
> that address pair and if that address pair was unidirectional=20
> the connection would be lost because of that).=20

Not sure I follow your second point.

You're saying that the original NAT mapping was bi-directional, but
after the reboot, a new NAT mapping was given but this one is
uniderctional?  I admit my experience with NAT is limited, but I have
never seen this happen.

I have however seen NAT mappings get lost many, many times.

>=20
> > It means more code to write (since we have to be able to handle 2=20
> > different ways of changing NAT mappings), but it does satisfy both=20
> > camps.
>=20
> Why would you want to write more code just to cover very corner case?

Job security :)

Nah, seriously though, I prefer the automatic updates because of the
speed of recovery.  Though you claim that NAT mapping drops are rare, my
experience is different.  Yes, they might be rare enough, but every time
it happens, I have to spend 1 hour looking through customer's syslogs to
figure out why things stopped working.  I hate doing that ! :)

BTW, have you seen the number of home/SOHO router/NAT boxes you can buy
today for about $5.  Reliability is not the first word that comes to
mind.

I'm willing to implement it both ways because the cost/complexity is
fairly low, and I can see how doing it via ESP detection only might be
more difficult for some vendors.

>=20
> We do not expect the NATs be rebooted or loosing mappings=20
> regularly, it might happen to some people every few months or=20
> so, and some people will probably never see that.
> --
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
>=20
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
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Stephane Beaulieu (stephane) writes:
> > For ESP packets you could do that, but for IKE packets you 
> > need separate path test exchange if you do that, as then you 
> > cannot probe if the path is working with IKE packet, as the 
> > probe can break the link (it would cause traffic to move to 
> > that address pair and if that address pair was unidirectional 
> > the connection would be lost because of that). 
> 
> Not sure I follow your second point.
> 
> You're saying that the original NAT mapping was bi-directional, but
> after the reboot, a new NAT mapping was given but this one is
> uniderctional?  I admit my experience with NAT is limited, but I have
> never seen this happen.
> 

When the NAT mapping is lost most commonly it can only be recreated
from the behind of NAT. This will create bi-directional mapping.

The problem with the automatic updating of the address pair when
receiving valid packet from the remote end is that if you have working
address pair A1, B1 (with NAT), and you are using it. You also have
another address pair A2, B1 (with or without NAT) and you do not know
if it works yet. So now if you send IKEv2 probe packet with A2, B1 to
the remote host, the remote host will notice that this is valid packet
for the IKEv2 SA, thus it will move the traffic immediately to that
A2, B1 pair when receiving that packet.

Now if that A2, B1 path happened to be uni-directional for some
reason, so the reply packets B1, A2 will not get through then we
managed to cause connection problem while we still had completely
valid and working address pair A1, B1. Even when we later retransmit
that packet to A1, B1 address pair, the other peer now notices as this
retransmission, and replays its old answer back. It might not update
the mapping at that point (it is not clear from the ikev2 draft
wheather replays should be consider "valid authenticated packet").

If we disable the IKEv2 automatic updating of the remote peers
address, then we can send that probe packet, and it will not cause any
connection problems. After a while when we notice that we are not
getting reply back, we retransmit that using other addresses, i.e. A1,
B1, and other end would then reply to us to B1, A1 address and the
exchange is finished.

I would actually say that replay is not "valid authenticated packet"
as it would be too easy for the attacker to grab one "valid
authenticated packet" from the link, modify the IP headers and the
replay that every second, to make sure the traffic is all the time
redirected to the host he wants to attack. 

> I have however seen NAT mappings get lost many, many times.

Was the problem there NAT rebootting, or too long keepalives or
something else? 

> BTW, have you seen the number of home/SOHO router/NAT boxes you can buy
> today for about $5.  Reliability is not the first word that comes to
> mind.

True, but in that case I would assume they know who to blame... :-)
Still most of those small NAT boxes have enough memory and so small
amount of traffic that they do not have really reason to remove NAT
mappings very fast. And I do not think they crash that often. Again if
they crash that will cause long delay anyways.

> I'm willing to implement it both ways because the cost/complexity is
> fairly low, and I can see how doing it via ESP detection only might be
> more difficult for some vendors.

So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update with IKEv2
packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it for ESP packets? It
will add the another module causing address updates, and you need to
make sure the policy for the MOBIKE and that automatic update module
are same.

I really like the explicit address update because it will put the all
policy decision about address changes in exactly one place, i.e in the
MOBIKE module. 
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
Date: Fri, 9 Sep 2005 10:43:08 -0400
Message-ID: <13E3DA8B48E17D4C96D261A36A23FCD68E3F5D@xmb-rtp-208.amer.cisco.com>
Thread-Topic: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
Thread-Index: AcW1SUZhXa1KgC4TTb68AY9XDBJgDgAASSYA
From: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
To: "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
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Cc: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, mobike@machshav.com,
        Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
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=20

>=20
> Stephane Beaulieu (stephane) writes:
> > > For ESP packets you could do that, but for IKE packets you need=20
> > > separate path test exchange if you do that, as then you=20
> cannot probe=20
> > > if the path is working with IKE packet, as the probe can=20
> break the=20
> > > link (it would cause traffic to move to that address pair and if=20
> > > that address pair was unidirectional the connection would be lost=20
> > > because of that).
> >=20
> > Not sure I follow your second point.
> >=20
> > You're saying that the original NAT mapping was bi-directional, but=20
> > after the reboot, a new NAT mapping was given but this one is=20
> > uniderctional?  I admit my experience with NAT is limited,=20
> but I have=20
> > never seen this happen.
> >=20
>=20
> When the NAT mapping is lost most commonly it can only be=20
> recreated from the behind of NAT. This will create=20
> bi-directional mapping.
>=20
> The problem with the automatic updating of the address pair=20
> when receiving valid packet from the remote end is that if=20
> you have working address pair A1, B1 (with NAT), and you are=20
> using it. You also have another address pair A2, B1 (with or=20
> without NAT) and you do not know if it works yet. So now if=20
> you send IKEv2 probe packet with A2, B1 to the remote host,=20
> the remote host will notice that this is valid packet for the=20
> IKEv2 SA, thus it will move the traffic immediately to that=20
> A2, B1 pair when receiving that packet.

OK.  So you're assuming that when we dectect a port change at the ESP
layer, then we'll send probes to all possible paths.  I was not making
this assumption.

>=20
> Now if that A2, B1 path happened to be uni-directional for=20
> some reason, so the reply packets B1, A2 will not get through=20
> then we managed to cause connection problem while we still=20
> had completely valid and working address pair A1, B1. Even=20
> when we later retransmit that packet to A1, B1 address pair,=20
> the other peer now notices as this retransmission, and=20
> replays its old answer back. It might not update the mapping=20
> at that point (it is not clear from the ikev2 draft wheather=20
> replays should be consider "valid authenticated packet").
>=20
> If we disable the IKEv2 automatic updating of the remote=20
> peers address, then we can send that probe packet, and it=20
> will not cause any connection problems. After a while when we=20
> notice that we are not getting reply back, we retransmit that=20
> using other addresses, i.e. A1, B1, and other end would then=20
> reply to us to B1, A1 address and the exchange is finished.
>=20
> I would actually say that replay is not "valid authenticated packet"
> as it would be too easy for the attacker to grab one "valid=20
> authenticated packet" from the link, modify the IP headers=20
> and the replay that every second, to make sure the traffic is=20
> all the time redirected to the host he wants to attack.=20

This is a good point.  An attacker could fool us into changing our
database just by modifying our outer headers.  I hadn't thought of this.
I think what you're saying is that the only way to prevent this, is to
do a probe to 'confirm' the peer's new address, but that doing so might
cause you to choose a bad path.

Could you not do a probe (or some other exchange) JUST to the new
address to verify that the peer is indeed reacheable on this new
IP/port?.  Of course you'd have to rate-limit this to avoid someone
forcing you to build/send endless probes.

>=20
> > I have however seen NAT mappings get lost many, many times.
>=20
> Was the problem there NAT rebootting, or too long keepalives=20
> or something else?=20

I've seen it all :) =20

>=20
> > BTW, have you seen the number of home/SOHO router/NAT boxes you can=20
> > buy today for about $5.  Reliability is not the first word=20
> that comes=20
> > to mind.
>=20
> True, but in that case I would assume they know who to=20
> blame... :-) Still most of those small NAT boxes have enough=20
> memory and so small amount of traffic that they do not have=20
> really reason to remove NAT mappings very fast. And I do not=20
> think they crash that often. Again if they crash that will=20
> cause long delay anyways.

Who are you going to call though?  The guy who sold you a $10,000 box
with a support contract, or some 1-800- support number which is now
disconnected. ;)

>=20
> > I'm willing to implement it both ways because the=20
> cost/complexity is=20
> > fairly low, and I can see how doing it via ESP detection=20
> only might be=20
> > more difficult for some vendors.
>=20
> So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update=20
> with IKEv2 packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it=20
> for ESP packets? It will add the another module causing=20
> address updates, and you need to make sure the policy for the=20
> MOBIKE and that automatic update module are same.
>=20
> I really like the explicit address update because it will put=20
> the all policy decision about address changes in exactly one=20
> place, i.e in the MOBIKE module.

It would be ideal, but I would also like to be able to recover from
badly-behaving NAT boxes, if we can with a relatively low cost.

> --
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
>=20
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Fri, 09 Sep 2005 13:02:29 +0300.
	<B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD302C@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com> 
Date: Fri, 09 Sep 2005 18:33:44 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   (I've split this away from issue 40.)
   
   The current version of the protocol draft does not require hosts 
   that do not support NAT-T to use the "NAT prevention" feature.
   
   Francis has suggested that this "middle ground" should be eliminated;
   in other words, the initiator would always include either
   NAT_DETECTION_*_IP (if it supports NAT-T) or NAT_PREVENTION (it it
   doesn't) in all IKE_SA_INIT and UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES messages.
   
=> you should explain why I'd like to eliminate this "middle ground":
if none of the NAT_DETECTION_*_IP and NAT_PREVENTION is used, the
addresses in the IP header are not protected because they are not
"reflected" inside an IKE message. This opens the door at what I
call the pseudo-transient NAT attack: an attacker in the path can
patch headers in order to redirect the IPsec traffic to another node,
usually in order to flood it. (it is pseudo-NAT because it acts like
a NAT, it is transient because it has to be on the path only for some
messages)

   Any comments about this?
   
   My gut feeling is that we should keep this middle ground; after all,
   implementations that don't bother to implement NAT-T and UDP
   encapsulation can still work through (manually configured) static NATs
   and some types of IPv4/v6 translators.
   
   NAT_PREVENTION also creates a denial-of-service vulnerability even
   when no malicious attackers are present: a misconfiguration or
   introduction of a non-malicious translator causes the peers not to use
   that path (and if it was the only one, connection fails).
   
=> my concern is there can be a malicious translator. Perhaps it is
a bit paranoid but IMHO a security protocol has to be.

   Or as I put in my IETF63 slides, this is a "trade-off between DoS-ing
   yourself and religious beliefs". In my opinion, we don't need to
   settle this trade-off in the protocol spec by saying "MUST use NAT
   prevention if not using NAT-T": the functionality is available for
   those who really want to use it (and understanding NAT_PREVENTION is
   mandatory for the responder).
   
=> it seems you advocate for a SHOULD?

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2005 10:52:06 +0300
Message-ID: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD302D@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
Thread-Topic: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
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From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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Francis Dupont wrote:
  =20
> =3D> you should explain why I'd like to eliminate this "middle
> ground": if none of the NAT_DETECTION_*_IP and NAT_PREVENTION is
> used, the addresses in the IP header are not protected because they
> are not "reflected" inside an IKE message. This opens the door at
> what I call the pseudo-transient NAT attack: an attacker in the path
> can patch headers in order to redirect the IPsec traffic to another
> node, usually in order to flood it. (it is pseudo-NAT because it
> acts like a NAT, it is transient because it has to be on the path
> only for some messages)

Normal IKEv2 also has this problem, and nobody so far has complained
that IKEv2 would be too insecure (well, except you, perhaps). IMHO=20
we shouldn't waste time solving imaginary problems that are not
problems in the real world...

>    Or as I put in my IETF63 slides, this is a "trade-off=20
>    between DoS-ing yourself and religious beliefs". In my opinion,=20
>    we don't need to settle this trade-off in the protocol spec by=20
>    saying "MUST use NAT prevention if not using NAT-T": the=20
>    functionality is available for those who really want to use it=20
>    (and understanding NAT_PREVENTION is mandatory for the responder).
>   =20
> =3D> it seems you advocate for a SHOULD?

No, I advocate for "NAT prevention SHOULD NOT be enabled by default",
since it is much more likely to DoS yourself than prevent any attacks.

Best regards,
Pasi
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 10 Sep 2005 10:52:06 +0300.
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Normal IKEv2 also has this problem, and nobody so far has complained
   that IKEv2 would be too insecure (well, except you, perhaps).

=> the default policy is to check the addresses in the IP header
against identity and certificate payloads (cf the pki4ipsec I-D)
so the problem appears only in some scenarios where MOBIKE is
useful...

   IMHO we shouldn't waste time solving imaginary problems that are not
   problems in the real world...
   
=> if you need an exploit this can be done... If you need better
examples of imaginary problems where we've already wasted time
solving them I can give one.

   > => it seems you advocate for a SHOULD?
   
   No, I advocate for "NAT prevention SHOULD NOT be enabled by default",
   since it is much more likely to DoS yourself than prevent any attacks.
   
=> perhaps you consider that IPv6 is not (yet) the real world but
IPv6 folks do *not* want this "SHOULD NOT" at all. As there is no NAT
in IPv6 NAT prevention DoSes nobody and prevents an easy DoS attack.

And if you'd like to speak about the real world, I'd like to know
the proportion of implentations supporting NAT traversal by default
for IPv4. IMHO we likely get NAT detection for IPv4 and NAT prevention
for IPv6, solving the #41 in a way we can both agree about.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Here are some comments and suggested
   changes, embedded in Pasi's comments.
   
   Here's a suggested edit:
   
      ... MOBIKE is making it possible for a remote access VPN user to move
      from one address to another while keeping the connection with the VPN
      gateway active.
   
   =>
   
      ... MOBIKE is making it possible for a remote access VPN user
      to maintain a single VPN connection with a gateway, despite
      moving from one address to another or having multiple addresses.
   
   Similar change in Section 1.1. Is there anything else Francis?
   
=> are you joking? Either we really take multihoming into account
or we don't claim we deal with more than mobility.

   The charter indeed limits us to "failover" semantics
   of multihoming.

=> you already know that I don't argue for load balancing but
for support of what I call the SCTP model of multihoming.

   But perhaps this is about IPsec SA movement granularity?

=> yes

   But we already discussed that earlier and arrived at a conclusion.

=> this is this conclusion I contest. BTW the charter explicitely
mentions SCTP so either we fix the charter or we follow it or we
make clear the document describes a partial solution and the work
about the full solution will be done later (i.e., a change in the
milestones).
   
   I tend to agree that its better to have a single mechanism
   that simply replaces the set, rather than a "diff" scheme.
   The latter would work better when there's a very large
   set of addresses, but I think simplicity is more valuable
   than covering that case.

=> this is a matter of taste. I am not convinced that sending the
whole set at any change is really simpler than sending diffs but
both give the same capability...

   In any case, we know that there are other limitations in our
   technology for dealing with large address sets, e.g, ability to
   probe for a working address pair.
   
=> this is just a side-effect of the "IKE will do everything by itself"
direction which of course can't deal with large address sets.

   I'm not sure I understand how Section 2.2 specifically
   helps this,

=> Section 2.2 is about the management of a peer address set and
the transport document relies only on this mechanism.

   so get your transport mode document polished so that we'll have
   something to discuss there!
   
=> IMHO the wording can be better (help me!), the references
shall be fixed as soon as the protocol is published, I can't see
something else.

   Hm. I'm not sure I understand this. I thought SPD
   deals with the unprotected packets, rather than the
   outer addresses, which I think we are working with.

=> the SPD-S entries have two main parts:
 - conditions: traffic selectors which are translated into TS payloads
 - an action, i.e., parameters for the protection with the IPsec
   protocol to use, ..., and the tunnel endpoint addresses.
In the ASN.1 syntax we get:
SPDEntry->IPsecEntry->processing->TunnelOptions->TunnelAddresses

   I would understand the SPD entry update if we
   were talking about transport mode, however.
   
=> no, this is explicitely about the tunnel mode and we speak about
SPD entries only because this is the place the tunnel endpoint
addresses are in the 2401bis formal description (this is why
we also speak about better implementation dependent hints).

   >>- in 2.3 it should be clearer that NAT_XXX notifications are
   >>mandatory.

=> I should have written recommended, i.e., a SHOULD but not a MUST.

   Yes. Btw, we do intend to be fairly strict about
   re-opening issues. (We will re-open an issue only if
   we detect a new and/or serious technical problem.)
   
=> I'll ask the IESG what to do when a WG ignores its IETF charter.
My concern here is we can't work about SCTP/multihoming support
in IKEv2 (RFC 3554 for IKEv2 for instance) because it is in the
MOBIKE charter.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
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Francis Dupont wrote:

> =3D> this is this conclusion I contest. BTW the charter explicitely
> mentions SCTP so either we fix the charter or we follow it or we
> make clear the document describes a partial solution and the work
> about the full solution will be done later (i.e., a change in the
> milestones).

The WG charter lists six different issues for the WG to work=20
on.  I don't think anyone has claimed that the first document,
draft-ietf-mobike-protocol, will address all of them (and this
fact should be pretty obvious to anyone who reads the draft).
But I can add a note saying this more explicitly...

<snip>

> =3D> I'll ask the IESG what to do when a WG ignores its IETF charter.
> My concern here is we can't work about SCTP/multihoming support
> in IKEv2 (RFC 3554 for IKEv2 for instance) because it is in the
> MOBIKE charter.

I don't think splitting the work to several physical documents is
"ignoring the charter"; neither is finishing some of those documents
before others.

Best regards,
Pasi
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Subject: [Mobike] draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-02
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Hi everyone,

I've submitted a new version of the protocol document to the
secretariat; before it appears in the official I-D directory,=20
a temporary copy is available from

http://people.nokia.net/~pasi/TEMP-draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-02.txt

This version does _not_ claim to handle all the open issues (and we
don't yet have rough consensus on how to handle them, either).  I just
wanted to get some kind of  intermediate snapshot out so we can close=20
the less controversial issues. Especially the text on issue 34 should=20
be considered only a suggestion, and we may yet revert back to the -01
text depending on what decision we reach.=20

Here's the change log from Appendix A:

   o  Moved MOBIKE_SUPPORTED from IKE_SA_INIT to IKE_AUTH (issues 35,
      37).

   o  Changed terminology related to NAT prohibition (issues 22, 24).

   o  Rewrote much of the ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS text, added
      NO_ADDITIONAL_ADDRESSES notification.

   o  Use NAT detection payloads to detect changes in NAT mappings
      (issue 34).

   o  Removed separate PATH_TEST message (issue 34).

   o  Clarified processing of UNACCEPTABLE_ADDRESSES when request has
      been sent using several different addresses (issue 36).

   o  Clarified changing of ports 500/4500 (issue 33).

   o  Updated security considerations (issues 27 and 28).

   o  No need to include COOKIE2 in non-RR messages (issue 32).

   o  Many editorial fixes and clarifications (issue 38, 40).

   o  Use the terms initiator and responder more consistently.

   o  Clarified that this document does not solve all problems in MOBIKE
      WG charter (issue 40).

Comments are welcome! (please include the issue number in the=20
subject line when replying)

Best regards,
Pasi
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Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com wrote:

>No, I advocate for "NAT prevention SHOULD NOT be enabled by default",
>since it is much more likely to DoS yourself than prevent any attacks.
>  
>
This isn't necessarily the case. The most likely dos-yourself
scenario is not enabling NAT traversal, because NATs exists
in almost all public network access. Unless I'm mistaken,
plain old ESP does not get through the most widely deployed
NAT types. There's the small likelihood that you have some
atypical NAT in between, and there NAT prevention makes
a difference in the final outcome. But the typical case dominates,
so we're essentially debating whether the failure in this
configuration has a 95% or 96% probability of occurring...

--Jari


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>=> perhaps you consider that IPv6 is not (yet) the real world but
>IPv6 folks do *not* want this "SHOULD NOT" at all. As there is no NAT
>in IPv6 NAT prevention DoSes nobody and prevents an easy DoS attack.
>
>And if you'd like to speak about the real world, I'd like to know
>the proportion of implentations supporting NAT traversal by default
>for IPv4. IMHO we likely get NAT detection for IPv4 and NAT prevention
>for IPv6, solving the #41 in a way we can both agree about.
>  
>
Is there an IPv6 - IPv4 translation type where the middle
ground would be useful even for an IPv6 host?

If not, I would suggest leaving the middle ground away
from v6 but allowing it in v4. ("NAT preventation SHOULD
be enabled by default in IPv6 if NAT traversal is not enabled.")

If yes, then I think the current text might suffice.

--Jari

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>=> what is the real difference between MOBIKE multihoming support
>and IKEv2 multihoming support, and, more important, is this difference
>enough?
>  
>
My understanding of this difference is that in our current
proposal, the peers can register their alternative addresses
and failover to the other addresses if there's a connectivity
problem in the currently used address. (I don't think you
can do this in basic IKEv2, and personally, I think its a good
tradeoff in terms of functionality vs. effort and configuration.)
This is what I call the "failover" multihoming model.

In the SCTP multihoming model we can choose more independently
where to send data, even if there's still the concept of a
primary (default) path.

In the load balancing multihoming model we can send even
the same stream over multiple paths, and still perform appropriate
load balancing, congestion avoidance, and acknowledgement
tasks.

--Jari

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Francis Dupont wrote:

>=> are you joking? Either we really take multihoming into account
>or we don't claim we deal with more than mobility.
>  
>
Francis, it seems that we have multiple definitions
of multihoming. Or multiple levels of support we could
provide. I think it would be more productive to argue
what type of multihoming to support, than to argue
that we do or don't support multihoming.

I suspect that the group's desire to do any specific
type of multihoming relates very much to the expected
usage.

>=> you already know that I don't argue for load balancing but
>for support of what I call the SCTP model of multihoming.
>  
>
Ok.

>   But perhaps this is about IPsec SA movement granularity?
>
>=> yes
>
>   But we already discussed that earlier and arrived at a conclusion.
>
>=> this is this conclusion I contest. 
>
Yes. But I'm sure you also understand that we
can't keep on arguing over an issue for ever, we
need to make decisions at certain points in time,
even if sometimes there are people who disagree
with those decisions.

>BTW the charter explicitely
>mentions SCTP so either we fix the charter or we follow it or we
>make clear the document describes a partial solution and the work
>about the full solution will be done later (i.e., a change in the
>milestones).
>  
>
I think we have a pending milestone change coming in any
case. E.g., what's the timeplan and interest for reduced
tunnel overhead and pfkey work? Should the transport doc
be in the milestones?

I see the SCTP support as one of the use cases in the
charter, along with the main use case of roaming VPN
users. My understanding has been that we are not
required to cover everything that we need to do in
one document. Indeed the transport document has
already been discussed as an extension over base
MOBIKE.

>   so get your transport mode document polished so that we'll have
>   something to discuss there!
>   
>=> IMHO the wording can be better (help me!), the references
>shall be fixed as soon as the protocol is published, I can't see
>something else.
>  
>
Ok. I'll take a look.

>   Hm. I'm not sure I understand this. I thought SPD
>   deals with the unprotected packets, rather than the
>   outer addresses, which I think we are working with.
>
>=> the SPD-S entries have two main parts:
> - conditions: traffic selectors which are translated into TS payloads
> - an action, i.e., parameters for the protection with the IPsec
>   protocol to use, ..., and the tunnel endpoint addresses.
>In the ASN.1 syntax we get:
>SPDEntry->IPsecEntry->processing->TunnelOptions->TunnelAddresses
>
>   I would understand the SPD entry update if we
>   were talking about transport mode, however.
>   
>=> no, this is explicitely about the tunnel mode and we speak about
>SPD entries only because this is the place the tunnel endpoint
>addresses are in the 2401bis formal description (this is why
>we also speak about better implementation dependent hints).
>  
>
Ok. Thanks for the clarification.

>=> I'll ask the IESG what to do when a WG ignores its IETF charter.
>My concern here is we can't work about SCTP/multihoming support
>in IKEv2 (RFC 3554 for IKEv2 for instance) because it is in the
>MOBIKE charter.
>  
>
The charter allows and requires us to work on SCTP
support. But it does not promise that our first document
delivers this support. In fact, the charter makes it quite
clear what the main scenario is.

This should not prevent later support for SCTP,
Mobile IP and other specific applications, however.

--Jari

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Francis Dupont wrote:

>=> here NAT rebooting includes NAT loosing its state and unfortunately
>this kind of events is more frequent and fast.
>  
>
This is true.

--Jari


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Jari Arkko wrote:

> Is there an IPv6 - IPv4 translation type where the middle
> ground would be useful even for an IPv6 host?
>=20
> If not, I would suggest leaving the middle ground away
> from v6 but allowing it in v4. ("NAT preventation SHOULD
> be enabled by default in IPv6 if NAT traversal is not enabled.")
>=20
> If yes, then I think the current text might suffice.

To me it looks like IKEv2 w/tunnel mode IPsec could work through
"Basic-NAT-PT" type v4/v6 translation [RFC2766] (even if the
implementations don't support IKEv2 NAT-T).

(But I haven't gone through all the details.)

Best regards,
Pasi
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IKEv2 Mobility and Multihoming Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: IKEv2 Mobility and Multihoming Protocol (MOBIKE)
	Author(s)	: P. Eronen
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-02.txt
	Pages		: 23
	Date		: 2005-9-12
	
This document describes the MOBIKE protocol, a mobility and
   multihoming extension to IKEv2.  MOBIKE allows hosts to update the
   (outer) IP addresses associated with IKE and IPsec Security
   Associations (SAs).  A mobile VPN client could use MOBIKE to keep the
   connection with the VPN gateway active while moving from one address
   to another.  Similarly, a multihomed host could use MOBIKE to move
   the traffic to a different interface if, for instance, the currently
   used one stops working.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-02.txt

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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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> 
> >=> perhaps you consider that IPv6 is not (yet) the real world but
> >IPv6 folks do *not* want this "SHOULD NOT" at all. As there is no NAT
> >in IPv6 NAT prevention DoSes nobody and prevents an easy DoS attack.
> >
> >And if you'd like to speak about the real world, I'd like to know
> >the proportion of implentations supporting NAT traversal by default
> >for IPv4. IMHO we likely get NAT detection for IPv4 and NAT prevention
> >for IPv6, solving the #41 in a way we can both agree about.
> >  
> >
> Is there an IPv6 - IPv4 translation type where the middle
> ground would be useful even for an IPv6 host?
> 
> If not, I would suggest leaving the middle ground away
> from v6 but allowing it in v4. ("NAT preventation SHOULD
> be enabled by default in IPv6 if NAT traversal is not enabled.")
> 
This sounds reasonable to me. 

-mohan

> If yes, then I think the current text might suffice.
> 
> --Jari
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> Mobike@machshav.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 15 06:41:55 2005
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I think we can close this one. Pasi tells us that there's
a possibility that even in IPv6 some of the translation
schemes could benefit from this. Even so, it may be
quite reasonable to make the IPv6 default on NATs
stricter than in IPv4. This seems to be supported by
Mohan and Francis (and myself), so with the small
number of folks that have participated this discussion,
its propbably as close to consensus as we are going to
get.

So, I think we can make the document leave the
middle ground away from v6 but allowing it in v4.
("NAT preventation SHOULD be enabled by default
in IPv6 if NAT traversal is not enabled.", or words
to that effect.)

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 15 07:06:00 2005
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To: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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Tero Kivinen wrote:

>So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update with IKEv2
>packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it for ESP packets? 
>  
>
This would work for me (and the complexity cost would be
only on those implementations that actually do the MAY).

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 15 07:22:46 2005
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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Jari Arkko wrote:
>=20
> Tero Kivinen wrote:
>=20
> >So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update with IKEv2
> >packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it for ESP packets?=20
> > =20
> >
> This would work for me (and the complexity cost would be
> only on those implementations that actually do the MAY).

Sounds reasonable to me as well.

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 15 07:54:14 2005
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
Date: Thu, 15 Sep 2005 07:54:00 -0400
Message-ID: <13E3DA8B48E17D4C96D261A36A23FCD68E4BA6@xmb-rtp-208.amer.cisco.com>
Thread-Topic: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
Thread-Index: AcW55bGRFbOLbUIISMGznRpsfUyD7gAAf5dAAADMCRA=
To: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>, "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>,
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Just to clarify...

If one does detect NAT change at ESP layer, what does one do?

Do we do a return routability check on the new address before updating
it's SADB?  It would seem logical, but just want to make sure we're on
the same page.

Stephane.=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com=20
> [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of=20
> Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
> Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 7:23 AM
> To: mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
>=20
> Jari Arkko wrote:
> >=20
> > Tero Kivinen wrote:
> >=20
> > >So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update=20
> with IKEv2=20
> > >packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it for ESP packets?
> > > =20
> > >
> > This would work for me (and the complexity cost would be=20
> only on those=20
> > implementations that actually do the MAY).
>=20
> Sounds reasonable to me as well.
>=20
> Best regards,
> Pasi
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>=20
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 15 15:59:05 2005
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To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
References: <13E3DA8B48E17D4C96D261A36A23FCD685FA6A@xmb-rtp-208.amer.cisco.com><17185.39148.232665.100290@fireball.kivinen.iki.fi>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
Date: Thu, 15 Sep 2005 12:58:44 -0700
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 > 
> >So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update with IKEv2
> >packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it for ESP packets? 
> >  
> >
> This would work for me (and the complexity cost would be
> only on those implementations that actually do the MAY).
> 
Agreed.

-mohan

> --Jari
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> Mobike@machshav.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 15 16:02:47 2005
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References: <13E3DA8B48E17D4C96D261A36A23FCD68E4BA6@xmb-rtp-208.amer.cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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I am assuming NAT change at ESP layer follows IKEv2 NAT-T i.e no return routability
check. Otherwise, the speedup obtained by the traditional IKEv2 NAT-T is lost and
there is no point in having this mechanism at all.

-mohan

----- Original Message ----- 
From: <stephane@cisco.com>
To: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>; "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>; "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Cc: <mobike@machshav.com>
Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 4:54 AM
Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal


Just to clarify...

If one does detect NAT change at ESP layer, what does one do?

Do we do a return routability check on the new address before updating
it's SADB?  It would seem logical, but just want to make sure we're on
the same page.

Stephane. 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com 
> [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of 
> Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
> Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 7:23 AM
> To: mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
> 
> Jari Arkko wrote:
> > 
> > Tero Kivinen wrote:
> > 
> > >So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update 
> with IKEv2 
> > >packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it for ESP packets?
> > >  
> > >
> > This would work for me (and the complexity cost would be 
> only on those 
> > implementations that actually do the MAY).
> 
> Sounds reasonable to me as well.
> 
> Best regards,
> Pasi
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 
_______________________________________________
Mobike mailing list
Mobike@machshav.com
https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
_______________________________________________
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Sep 15 16:24:51 2005
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To: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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I think most of the speedup is in the detection part.

--Jari

Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:

>I am assuming NAT change at ESP layer follows IKEv2 NAT-T i.e no return routability
>check. Otherwise, the speedup obtained by the traditional IKEv2 NAT-T is lost and
>there is no point in having this mechanism at all.
>
>-mohan
>
>----- Original Message ----- 
>From: <stephane@cisco.com>
>To: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>; "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>; "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
>Cc: <mobike@machshav.com>
>Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 4:54 AM
>Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
>
>
>Just to clarify...
>
>If one does detect NAT change at ESP layer, what does one do?
>
>Do we do a return routability check on the new address before updating
>it's SADB?  It would seem logical, but just want to make sure we're on
>the same page.
>
>Stephane. 
>
>  
>
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com 
>>[mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of 
>>Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
>>Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 7:23 AM
>>To: mobike@machshav.com
>>Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
>>
>>Jari Arkko wrote:
>>    
>>
>>>Tero Kivinen wrote:
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>>>So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update 
>>>>        
>>>>
>>with IKEv2 
>>    
>>
>>>>packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it for ESP packets?
>>>> 
>>>>
>>>>        
>>>>
>>>This would work for me (and the complexity cost would be 
>>>      
>>>
>>only on those 
>>    
>>
>>>implementations that actually do the MAY).
>>>      
>>>
>>Sounds reasonable to me as well.
>>
>>Best regards,
>>Pasi
>>_______________________________________________
>>Mobike mailing list
>>Mobike@machshav.com
>>https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>>
>>    
>>
>_______________________________________________
>Mobike mailing list
>Mobike@machshav.com
>https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>
>
>  
>

_______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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> I think most of the speedup is in the detection part.
> 
Eventually, you want to recover faster too, right ? If it is going to take a roundtrip
extra compared to IKEv2 NAT-T before you can use the address, how slower
it is compared with the explicit update ?

-mohan

> --Jari
> 
> Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
> 
> >I am assuming NAT change at ESP layer follows IKEv2 NAT-T i.e no return routability
> >check. Otherwise, the speedup obtained by the traditional IKEv2 NAT-T is lost and
> >there is no point in having this mechanism at all.
> >
> >-mohan
> >
> >----- Original Message ----- 
> >From: <stephane@cisco.com>
> >To: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>; "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>; "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
> >Cc: <mobike@machshav.com>
> >Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 4:54 AM
> >Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
> >
> >
> >Just to clarify...
> >
> >If one does detect NAT change at ESP layer, what does one do?
> >
> >Do we do a return routability check on the new address before updating
> >it's SADB?  It would seem logical, but just want to make sure we're on
> >the same page.
> >
> >Stephane. 
> >
> >  
> >
> >>-----Original Message-----
> >>From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com 
> >>[mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of 
> >>Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
> >>Sent: Thursday, September 15, 2005 7:23 AM
> >>To: mobike@machshav.com
> >>Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
> >>
> >>Jari Arkko wrote:
> >>    
> >>
> >>>Tero Kivinen wrote:
> >>>
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>>>So perhaps we should say you MUST NOT do automatic update 
> >>>>        
> >>>>
> >>with IKEv2 
> >>    
> >>
> >>>>packets (breaks the probing), but you MAY do it for ESP packets?
> >>>> 
> >>>>
> >>>>        
> >>>>
> >>>This would work for me (and the complexity cost would be 
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>only on those 
> >>    
> >>
> >>>implementations that actually do the MAY).
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>Sounds reasonable to me as well.
> >>
> >>Best regards,
> >>Pasi
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>Mobike mailing list
> >>Mobike@machshav.com
> >>https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> >>
> >>    
> >>
> >_______________________________________________
> >Mobike mailing list
> >Mobike@machshav.com
> >https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> >
> >
> >  
> >
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 02:12:27 2005
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(The editorial comments part)

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2005 14:22:53 +0300 (EEST)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: mobike@machshav.com
Subject: external mobike-protocol-02 review

editorial
---------

   The initiator uses the set of responder addresses as an input to its
   address selection policy; it may at some later point decide to move
   the IPsec traffic to one of these addresses using the procedure
   described in Section 2.3.  The responder normally does not use the
   set of initiator addresses for anything: the addresses are used only
   when the responder's own addresses change.

==> the last sentence needs a forward reference (Section 2.3.4 in my
proposal).

Such information itself MUST NOT be used to conclude than
   an update is needed: instead, the initiator SHOULD trigger dead peer
   detection.

==> I suggest adding explicit ref to DPD, especially when written in
all-lowercase.

   The description in the rest of this section assumes that the
   initiator has already decided what the new addresses should be.  When
   this decision has been made, the initiator

   o  Updates the IKE_SA and the IPsec SAs associated with this IKE_SA
      with the new addresses, and sets the "pending_update" flag in the
      IKE_SA.

==> s/initiator/initiator:/ (and similar elsewhere)
==> personally, I might have just repeated the "initiator" in each bullet,
but this is correct as well.

  o  When the window size allows, sends an INFORMATIONAL request
      containing the UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES notification payload (which
      does not contain any data), and clears the "pending_update" flag.

      Initiator                  Responder
     -----------                -----------
      HDR, SK { N(UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES),
                [N(NAT_DETECTION_*_IP)],
                [N(NO_NATS_ALLOWED)],
                [N(COOKIE2)] } -->

==> s/flag/flag, for example as follows:/ (or something like..)

                            <--  HDR, SK { [N(NAT_DETECTION_*_IP)],
                                           [N(COOKIE2)],  }
==> s/COOKIE2)],/COOKIE2)]/

  MOBIKE payload relating to updating addresses are encrypted,
   integrity protected, and replay protected using the IKE_SA.

==> s/are/is/ or s/payload/payloads/

   However, security associations originally created for the protection
   of a specific flow between specific addresses may be moved through
   MOBIKE.

==> "moved" seems a bit odd choice for a word here?

   to use MOBIKE are configured in a manner that takes into account that
   a single security association can be used through different paths at
   different times.

==> maybe s/paths/paths of varying security properties/ to spell it out
loud again

   reply is received, MOBIKE will usually consider the path working;if

==> s/;/; /


-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings

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(Forwarding this because Pekka is not a subscriber on the list.
And breaking to smaller pieces to get by the 10K limit...)

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2005 14:22:53 +0300 (EEST)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: mobike@machshav.com
Subject: external mobike-protocol-02 review

Hi,

(Note: I'm not subscribed)

Jari asked me to review the MOBIKE protocol.  Beware, I'm not really
familiar with IKE, so there are probably things I have wrong or have
missed.

In any case, I thought the document was in a good shape and written in a
manner where it should be easy to get interoperable implementations.  It's
also short -- good.  What troubled me a bit was a significant number of
forward references to other places in the spec, but this is understandable
in the interest of avoiding text duplication.


meta-issues
-----------
                                                           It is assumed
   that issues such as transport mode (updating traffic selectors),
   PFKEY extensions, and tunnel overhead reduction will be handled in
   separate documents.

==> is transport mode even in the scope of the WG?  I thought not, but the
charter doesn't seem conclusive either way..

substantial
-----------

   Note that if some of the initiator's interfaces are behind a NAT
   (from the responder's point of view), the addresses received by the
   responder will be incorrect.  This means the procedure for changing
   responder addresses described in Section 2.4 does not fully work when
   the initiator is behind a NAT. [...]

==> this is probably something that needs more air time.  What does "does
not fully work" mean?  This also probably applies to the responder, though
in different ways.  This may also have security implications (exposing
internal topology), and it may affect address selection (if for example
smaller scope addresses are preferable, but actually belong to different
sites).  This probably needs a bunch of more analysis...

   This specification requires the use of return routability tests
   (under certain conditions) to limit the duration of any "third party
   bombing" attacks by off-path (relative to the victim) attackers.

==> this is not true.  The spec only says RR _SHOULD_ be done before
updating the SAs.  There is no "MUST" for RR (whether before or after), but
a "MAY skip" under certain conditions.  The normativeness requirements need
to be reviewed.  Further, the procedures for handling the payloads
(sections
2.3 and 2.4) should include a bullet point on RR tests and a pointer to
2.5.

  When the initiator is behind a NAT, it SHOULD include these payloads
   in DPD messages, and compare the received ...

  When MOBIKE is in use, the host not behind a NAT SHOULD NOT use the
   dynamic updates specified ...

==> How does the MOBIKE code know whether you're behind a NAT?  Is this
done
automatically as part of IKEv2 NAT detection?  Note that the spec doesn't
seem to require running NAT presence detection so with current spec this
can't be done.

   To give the initiator enough time to detect the error, the responder
   SHOULD use relatively long timeout intervals when, for instance,
   retransmitting IKEv2 requests or deciding whether to initiate dead
   peer detection.

==> "relatively long timeout intervals" is pretty ambiguous.  While this
may
not affect the interoperability, shouldn't we be a bit more precise what
kind of order of magnitude we're talking about here?  Seconds?  Ten
seconds?
30 sec?  Minutes?  10 minutes? Hours?

   The data associated with this notification is the SHA-1 hash
   [FIPS180-2] of the following data:

==> this spec is not algorithm-agile. (I can't find the ref right now
where this is encouraged.)  In this case, maybe it doesn't need to be
considering the impact (I don't take a stance on that) -- but this
probably deserves at least brief discussion in the security
considerations section.

semi-editorial
--------------

==> there seem to be a number of assumptions scattered throughout the
document (e.g., relating to the responder not being behind a NAT) -- maybe
it would be useful to put these as a new subsection of the Introduction?

==> I would also consider splitting out 2.3 in subsections for readability
and more exact references.  For example, initiator's first steps could
be 2.3.1,
Responder's reply 2.3.2, initiator's reply 2.3.3, and the exception 2.3.4.

==> It might make sense to spell out, probably in section 1.2, that
apparently (AFAICS) the initiator never tells the responder which addresses
it takes to use.  It just sends UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES with the updated
addresses (inmplicit update).

     HDR, SK { IDi, [CERT], [IDr], AUTH,
                [CP(CFG_REQUEST)]
                SAi2, TSi, TSr,
                N(MOBIKE_SUPPORTED),
                [N(ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS)+]  -->

==> this raises a minor issue of the normativeness of this spec with regard
to the non-MOBIKE -related IKE payloads.  The above exchange is just an
example; some other payloads could be included as well, or some listed
above
could be omitted.  Also the optional/mandatory status might change.
Perhaps
the document could give a short disclaimer about the IKE exchange examples.

   o  The initiator receives a NAT_DETECTION_DESTINATION_IP payload that
      does not match the previous UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES response (see
      Section 2.6 for a more detailed description).

==> In some cases, you use NAT_DETECTION_*_IP and in some
NAT_DETECTION_DESTINATION_IP.  I guess this is intentional, but I'd still
review the cases carefully..

   o  Determines whether it has already received a newer
      UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES request than this one (if the responder uses a
      window size greater than one, it is possible that requests are
      received out of order).  If it has, a response message is sent,
      but no other action is taken.

==> at first, it was not clear to me what "a response message" referred
to. An unspecified response?  Probably you meant the normal response
specified a
few bullets down but this was not unambiguous.

   There is one additional issue that must be taken into account.  If
   the INFORMATIONAL request has been sent to several different
   addresses (i.e., the destination address in the IKE_SA has been
   updated after the request was first sent), ...

==> s/If the/If the same/ (?)

==> this is actually a good issue in more general.  Is it worth the
effort to do so in the first place? That is, couldn't we just specify
that the requests be sent with different cookies for each destination. I
don't think a hash is computationally all that expensive.  That would
simplify the spec and eliminate an extra roundtrip in some cases.

   IKEv2 requires that if an IPsec endpoint discovers a NAT between it
   and its correspondent, it MUST send all subsequent traffic to and
   from port 4500.  To simplify things, implementations that support
   both this specification and NAT Traversal MUST change to port 4500 if
   the correspondent also supports both, even if no NAT was detected
   between them (this way, there is no need to change the ports later).

==> While this seems to be a logical place to talk about this, I'm
troubled. The title is "NAT Prohibition".  What about MOBIKE
implementations which
don't implement NAT prohibition (I guess that's OK).  The above requirement
is more general though -- not really anything to with NAT prohibition.
These kind of more generic requirements should be placed in a much more
prominent place in the spec.

   NO_NATS_ALLOWED payloads can also be included when changing the
   addresses of IPsec SAs (see Section 2.3) and updating the additional
   addresses (see Section 2.4).  An initiator using this "NAT
   prohibition" feature includes a NO_NATS_ALLOWED payload in all
   address update messages.

==> s/includes/MUST include/ or..?

3.1  MOBIKE_SUPPORTED Notification Payload

==> note that the IKEv2 spec refers these as "Notify Payloads" (at least
in some places of the spec; "Notification" is also mentioned though)..?

   The Notify Message Type for MOBIKE_SUPPORTED is TBD-BY-
   IANA(16396..40959).

==> per
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-narten-iana-considerations-rfc2434bis-02.txt,

thse types should be named TBD-BY-IANA1, ...., TBD-BY-IANAN (or something
like that), so we know IANA has assigned a separate value for each and it
can be easily search-n-replaced.

I'd also suggest dropping the assignment range from here, and giving that
guidance in IANA Considerations.

   of the stack, such as properly dealing with ICMP errors
   [ICMPAttacks]

==> some folks may argue that what ICMPattacks proposes may not be
"proper". So, maybe find a different word for "proper", or use something
like "as
validating ICMP errors" which takes no stance on whether it's useful or
not.

   [IPsecArch]
              Kent, S. and K. Seo, "Security Architecture for the
              Internet Protocol", draft-ietf-ipsec-rfc2401bis-06 (work
              in progress), March 2005.

==> this should probably be under normative refs?

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings

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Subject: RE: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review (editorial)
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Thanks for catching these... they are now filed as issue 43,
and I will take them into account in version -03.

Best regards,
Pasi

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com=20
> [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com]On
> Behalf Of ext Jari Arkko
> Sent: Monday, September 19, 2005 9:13 AM
> To: MOBIKE Mailing List
> Cc: Pekka Savola
> Subject: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review (editorial)
>=20
>=20
> (The editorial comments part)
>=20
> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2005 14:22:53 +0300 (EEST)
> From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
> To: mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: external mobike-protocol-02 review
>=20
> editorial
> ---------
>=20
>    The initiator uses the set of responder addresses as an=20
> input to its
>    address selection policy; it may at some later point decide to move
>    the IPsec traffic to one of these addresses using the procedure
>    described in Section 2.3.  The responder normally does not use the
>    set of initiator addresses for anything: the addresses are=20
> used only
>    when the responder's own addresses change.
>=20
> =3D=3D> the last sentence needs a forward reference (Section 2.3.4 in =
my
> proposal).
>=20
> Such information itself MUST NOT be used to conclude than
>    an update is needed: instead, the initiator SHOULD trigger=20
> dead peer
>    detection.
>=20
> =3D=3D> I suggest adding explicit ref to DPD, especially when written =
in
> all-lowercase.
>=20
>    The description in the rest of this section assumes that the
>    initiator has already decided what the new addresses=20
> should be.  When
>    this decision has been made, the initiator
>=20
>    o  Updates the IKE_SA and the IPsec SAs associated with this IKE_SA
>       with the new addresses, and sets the "pending_update"=20
> flag in the
>       IKE_SA.
>=20
> =3D=3D> s/initiator/initiator:/ (and similar elsewhere)
> =3D=3D> personally, I might have just repeated the "initiator" in=20
> each bullet,
> but this is correct as well.
>=20
>   o  When the window size allows, sends an INFORMATIONAL request
>       containing the UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES notification payload (which
>       does not contain any data), and clears the=20
> "pending_update" flag.
>=20
>       Initiator                  Responder
>      -----------                -----------
>       HDR, SK { N(UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES),
>                 [N(NAT_DETECTION_*_IP)],
>                 [N(NO_NATS_ALLOWED)],
>                 [N(COOKIE2)] } -->
>=20
> =3D=3D> s/flag/flag, for example as follows:/ (or something like..)
>=20
>                             <--  HDR, SK { [N(NAT_DETECTION_*_IP)],
>                                            [N(COOKIE2)],  }
> =3D=3D> s/COOKIE2)],/COOKIE2)]/
>=20
>   MOBIKE payload relating to updating addresses are encrypted,
>    integrity protected, and replay protected using the IKE_SA.
>=20
> =3D=3D> s/are/is/ or s/payload/payloads/
>=20
>    However, security associations originally created for the=20
> protection
>    of a specific flow between specific addresses may be moved through
>    MOBIKE.
>=20
> =3D=3D> "moved" seems a bit odd choice for a word here?
>=20
>    to use MOBIKE are configured in a manner that takes into=20
> account that
>    a single security association can be used through=20
> different paths at
>    different times.
>=20
> =3D=3D> maybe s/paths/paths of varying security properties/ to=20
> spell it out
> loud again
>=20
>    reply is received, MOBIKE will usually consider the path working;if
>=20
> =3D=3D> s/;/; /
>=20
>=20
> --=20
> Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
> Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
> Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>=20
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 10:54:45 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 12 Sep 2005 16:15:14 +0300.
	<43257F62.4050702@piuha.net> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Is there an IPv6 - IPv4 translation type where the middle
   ground would be useful even for an IPv6 host?
   
=> Mobike is not supposed to support the crossed-version case.

   If not, I would suggest leaving the middle ground away
   from v6 but allowing it in v4. ("NAT preventation SHOULD
   be enabled by default in IPv6 if NAT traversal is not enabled.")
   
=> I don't like to keep a security hole in a default policy.

   If yes, then I think the current text might suffice.
   
=> I find something strange: when I signaled the issue to Mobile IP
folks (the issue is common to signalings with NAT traversal),
they changed immediately their specs to mitigate the issue (cf
RFC 3519). When I signal it to IPsec folks, it seems it is not
a real issue. Usually, arrogance is more for French guys...
So, please do what is needed, and don't believe I'll try to
delay IKEv2 with this (i.e., now it is a Mobike issue).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 10:58:23 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 12 Sep 2005 16:55:51 +0300.
	<432588E7.8010301@piuha.net> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   >=> what is the real difference between MOBIKE multihoming support
   >and IKEv2 multihoming support, and, more important, is this difference
   >enough?

   My understanding of this difference is that in our current
   proposal, the peers can register their alternative addresses
   and failover to the other addresses if there's a connectivity
   problem in the currently used address. (I don't think you
   can do this in basic IKEv2, and personally, I think its a good
   tradeoff in terms of functionality vs. effort and configuration.)
   This is what I call the "failover" multihoming model.
   
   In the SCTP multihoming model we can choose more independently
   where to send data, even if there's still the concept of a
   primary (default) path.
   
   In the load balancing multihoming model we can send even
   the same stream over multiple paths, and still perform appropriate
   load balancing, congestion avoidance, and acknowledgement
   tasks.
   
=> fine definition. My concern is the SCTP model and SCTP itself
is in the charter, so according to its own charter the WG doesn't
provide *yet* a good enough support to multihoming...

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 11:07:38 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
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	<4325892C.8040201@piuha.net> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Francis, it seems that we have multiple definitions
   of multihoming.

=> failover, SCTP-like and load balancing (cf your previous message).

   I suspect that the group's desire to do any specific
   type of multihoming relates very much to the expected
   usage.
   
   Yes. But I'm sure you also understand that we
   can't keep on arguing over an issue for ever, we
   need to make decisions at certain points in time,
   even if sometimes there are people who disagree
   with those decisions.
   
=> you have to choose a position, for instance fix the charter.
You should not use contradictory arguments to answer to my issue.

   I think we have a pending milestone change coming in any
   case. E.g., what's the timeplan and interest for reduced
   tunnel overhead and pfkey work? Should the transport doc
   be in the milestones?
   
   I see the SCTP support as one of the use cases in the
   charter, along with the main use case of roaming VPN
   users. My understanding has been that we are not
   required to cover everything that we need to do in
   one document.

=> so the issue is "closed" only for the current document?
   
Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 11:13:43 2005
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 2005 18:13:33 +0300
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Thread-Topic: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
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Francis Dupont wrote:

> =3D> I find something strange: when I signaled the issue to
> Mobile IP folks (the issue is common to signalings with NAT
> traversal), they changed immediately their specs to mitigate
> the issue (cf RFC 3519). When I signal it to IPsec folks, it
> seems it is not a real issue. Usually, arrogance is more for
> French guys...  So, please do what is needed, and don't believe
> I'll try to delay IKEv2 with this (i.e., now it is a Mobike
> issue).

I'm curious, how exactly does RFC 3519 mitigate this issue?

Best regards,
Pasi
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 12 Sep 2005 18:10:59 +0300.
	<B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3037@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   To me it looks like IKEv2 w/tunnel mode IPsec could work through
   "Basic-NAT-PT" type v4/v6 translation [RFC2766] (even if the
   implementations don't support IKEv2 NAT-T).
   
   (But I haven't gone through all the details.)
   
=> for instance how the NAT-PT translates the inner header (:-).

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 11:25:41 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 19 Sep 2005 18:13:33 +0300.
	<B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3070@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I'm curious, how exactly does RFC 3519 mitigate this issue?
   
=> short lifetimes (so the attacker has to stay and increases its
chance to be caught). The whole thing is explained in the security
considerations...

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: mobike has no binding lifetimes (nor in fact bindings, its support
is for readdressing not mobility).
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 11:42:15 2005
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 2005 18:42:06 +0300
Message-ID: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3071@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
Thread-Topic: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
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From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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Francis Dupont wrote:

>  In your previous mail you wrote:
>=20
>    I'm curious, how exactly does RFC 3519 mitigate this issue?
>   =20
> =3D> short lifetimes (so the attacker has to stay and increases its
> chance to be caught). The whole thing is explained in the security
> considerations...
>=20
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
>=20
> PS: mobike has no binding lifetimes (nor in fact bindings, its=20
> support is for readdressing not mobility).

There's also an important difference to MIP4: there the tunnel
is not encrypted, so redirecting the traffic allows the attacker
to eavesdrop and modify the packets.=20

In MOBIKE, this is mainly a DoS thing, and although we don't
have binding lifetimes, we do have dead peer detection and=20
return routability check that force the attacker to stay there
to continue the attack forever.

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 11:46:34 2005
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 2005 18:46:22 +0300
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Francis Dupont wrote:

>  In your previous mail you wrote:
>=20
>    To me it looks like IKEv2 w/tunnel mode IPsec could work through
>    "Basic-NAT-PT" type v4/v6 translation [RFC2766] (even if the
>    implementations don't support IKEv2 NAT-T).
>   =20
>    (But I haven't gone through all the details.)
>   =20
> =3D> for instance how the NAT-PT translates the inner header (:-).

Well, it can't do that, of course -- but it's not necessarily needed,
because there's no need for the IP versions in inner and outer
headers to match.

Consider a case where we have a "remote access" VPN client connected=20
to, say, IPv6-only GPRS/UMTS network, and a corporate VPN gateway
connected to IPv4 Internet (and presumably some IPv4 "intranet" or=20
other protected network). If the IPv6 network has "Basic-NAT-PT"
deployed, the client could contact the gateway as usual (obtaining
a new IPv4 address from the protected network using configuration
payloads, etc.).

While I'm not very familiar with NAT-PT, to me it looks like this
would actually work just fine with normal IKEv2 (without NAT-T);
and the change you're proposing would forbid that (or force the
use of IKEv2 NAT-Traversal also for IPv6 :-)

(Well, that would be needed anyway once someone starts=20
deploying IPv6 NATs :-)

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 19 11:58:33 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 19 Sep 2005 18:42:06 +0300.
	<B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3071@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > PS: mobike has no binding lifetimes (nor in fact bindings, its 
   > support is for readdressing not mobility).
   
   There's also an important difference to MIP4: there the tunnel
   is not encrypted, so redirecting the traffic allows the attacker
   to eavesdrop and modify the packets. 
   
=> the main attack is to redirect a lot of traffic to a third party
in order to overload it or its access network... BTW IPsec doesn't
imply encrypted (even to encrypt is usually no more expensive so
the option is very often taken by default).

   In MOBIKE, this is mainly a DoS thing,

=> yes, and for DoS to be encrypted is better! I am afraid the common
traffic between two SGs is larger than between MN and HA.

   and although we don't
   have binding lifetimes, we do have dead peer detection and 

=> dead peer detection can be less than enough (cf bogus keepalive
stuff in RFC 3519).

   return routability check that force the attacker to stay there
   to continue the attack forever.
   
=> yes, mobile ip and mobike have different weapons. My concern is
they share the same issue but the WGs react in very different ways.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
   
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 19 Sep 2005 18:46:22 +0300.
	<B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3072@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > => for instance how the NAT-PT translates the inner header (:-).
   
   Well, it can't do that, of course -- but it's not necessarily needed,
   because there's no need for the IP versions in inner and outer
   headers to match.
   
=> if the inner header doesn't need to be translated I recommend
to use something else than NAT-PT. BTW many implementations don't
support crossed-version tunnels (they should but they don't!)

   Consider a case where we have a "remote access" VPN client connected 
   to, say, IPv6-only GPRS/UMTS network, and a corporate VPN gateway
   connected to IPv4 Internet (and presumably some IPv4 "intranet" or 
   other protected network). If the IPv6 network has "Basic-NAT-PT"
   deployed, the client could contact the gateway as usual (obtaining
   a new IPv4 address from the protected network using configuration
   payloads, etc.).
   
=> you are using IPsec tunnels as a transition mechanism and
in the real world it works only with NAT-T.

   While I'm not very familiar with NAT-PT, to me it looks like this
   would actually work just fine with normal IKEv2 (without NAT-T);

=> IMHO you need NAT-T exactly for the same usual reasons.

   and the change you're proposing would forbid that (or force the
   use of IKEv2 NAT-Traversal also for IPv6 :-)
   
=> it is not a real IPv6 and NAT-T is needed...

   (Well, that would be needed anyway once someone starts 
   deploying IPv6 NATs :-)
   
=> there is no need for IPv6 NATs (this subject is as popular in
IPv6 lists than changing text for something for RFCs in the IETF one :-).

PS: the standard solution for your example is to tunnel IPv4 over IPv6
(DTSM & co). When you add IPsec you have the choice between double
encapsulation or to NAT-PT the outer header (seems simpler but you
get all the NAT and NAT-PT issues...).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: NAT-PT is enough problematic that it is being made historic.
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review (technical)
	(issue 42)
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Pekka Savola wrote:
>=20
> (Note: I'm not subscribed)
>=20
> Jari asked me to review the MOBIKE protocol.  Beware, I'm not
> really familiar with IKE, so there are probably things I have
> wrong or have missed.

Thanks for your thorough review! (I've filed it as issue #43).

> In any case, I thought the document was in a good shape and
> written in a manner where it should be easy to get
> interoperable implementations.  It's also short -- good.  What
> troubled me a bit was a significant number of forward
> references to other places in the spec, but this is
> understandable in the interest of avoiding text duplication.
>=20
>=20
> meta-issues
> -----------
>    It is assumed that issues such as transport mode (updating
>    traffic selectors), PFKEY extensions, and tunnel overhead
>    reduction will be handled in separate documents.
>=20
> =3D=3D> is transport mode even in the scope of the WG?  I thought=20
> not, but the charter doesn't seem conclusive either way..

Well, this sentence in the draft was not intended as an opinion
either way; only as a note that regardless of whether it's in the
WG scope or not, it's certainly not within the scope of this
document :-)

> substantial
> -----------
>=20
>    Note that if some of the initiator's interfaces are behind a
>    NAT (from the responder's point of view), the addresses
>    received by the responder will be incorrect.  This means the
>    procedure for changing responder addresses described in
>    Section 2.4 does not fully work when the initiator is behind
>    a NAT. [...]
>=20
> =3D=3D> this is probably something that needs more air time.  What
> does "does not fully work" mean?  This also probably applies to
> the responder, though in different ways.  This may also have
> security implications (exposing internal topology), and it may
> affect address selection (if for example smaller scope
> addresses are preferable, but actually belong to different
> sites).  This probably needs a bunch of more analysis...

Yes, this is something that probably deserves a slightly longer
explanation (but I don't think we should spend too much time on
it). How about this?

1.3  MOBIKE and Network Address Translation (NAT)

   In some MOBIKE scenarios the network may contain NATs or stateful
   packet filters (for brevity, the rest of this document talks simply
   about NATs).  The NAT Traversal feature specified in [IKEv2] allows
   IKEv2 to work through NATs in many cases, and MOBIKE can leverage
   this functionality: when the addresses used for IPsec SAs are
   changed, MOBIKE can enable or disable IKEv2 NAT Traversal as needed.

   Nevertheless, there are some limitations.  NATs usually introduce an
   asymmetry in the network: packets reaching the NAT from the "inside"
   are treated differently from packets coming from the "outside".  This
   asymmetry leads to restrictions on what MOBIKE can do.  To give a
   concrete example, consider a situation where both peers have only a
   single address, and the initiator is behind a NAT.  If the
   responder's address now changes, it needs to send a packet to the
   initiator using its new address.  However, if the NAT is, for
   instance, of the "restricted cone" type (see [STUN] for one
   description of different NAT types), this is not possible: the NAT
   will drop packets sent from the new address (unless the initiator has
   previously sent a packet to that address -- which it cannot do until
   it knows the address).

   For simplicity, MOBIKE does not attempt to handle all possible NAT-
   related scenarios.  Instead, MOBIKE assumes that if NATs are present,
   the initiator is the party "behind" the NAT, and does not fully
   support the case where the responder's addresses change.

   "Does not fully support" means that no special effort is made to
   support this functionality.  However, if the alternative is losing
   connectivity completely, the responder can still attempt to proceed
   with the change, and depending on, e.g., the exact type of NAT, it
   may succeed.  However, analyzing the exact circumstances when this
   will or will not work is not done in this document.

>    This specification requires the use of return routability
>    tests (under certain conditions) to limit the duration of
>    any "third party bombing" attacks by off-path (relative to
>    the victim) attackers.
>=20
> =3D=3D> this is not true.  The spec only says RR _SHOULD_ be done
> before updating the SAs.  There is no "MUST" for RR (whether
> before or after), but a "MAY skip" under certain conditions.
> The normativeness requirements need to be reviewed. =20

Yes, the security considerations text needs to be fixed.

> Further, the procedures for handling the payloads (sections 2.3
> and 2.4) should include a bullet point on RR tests and a
> pointer to 2.5.

Section 2.3 already has this for the responder; I'll add this
for the initiator as well..

>   When the initiator is behind a NAT, it SHOULD include these=20
>   payloads in DPD messages, and compare the received ...
>=20
>   When MOBIKE is in use, the host not behind a NAT SHOULD NOT=20
>   use the dynamic updates specified ...
>=20
> =3D=3D> How does the MOBIKE code know whether you're behind a NAT?
> Is this done automatically as part of IKEv2 NAT detection?
> Note that the spec doesn't seem to require running NAT presence
> detection so with current spec this can't be done.

Yes, this is done by IKEv2 NAT Traversal already (so saying
that it must be done would be redundant).

>    To give the initiator enough time to detect the error, the=20
>    responder SHOULD use relatively long timeout intervals when,=20
>    for instance, retransmitting IKEv2 requests or deciding whether=20
>    to initiate dead peer detection.
>=20
> =3D=3D> "relatively long timeout intervals" is pretty ambiguous.
> While this may not affect the interoperability, shouldn't we be
> a bit more precise what kind of order of magnitude we're
> talking about here?  Seconds?  Ten seconds?  30 sec?  Minutes?
> 10 minutes? Hours?

This is to some degree also a matter of local policy... but I
guess it would be useful to at least give a reasonable example.

Tero, do you have an opinion about what would a good
recommendation be? Maybe something like

   "While no specific timeout lengths are required, it is
   suggested that responders continue retransmitting IKEv2
   requests for at least five minutes before giving up."

>    The data associated with this notification is the SHA-1=20
>    hash [FIPS180-2] of the following data:
>=20
> =3D=3D> this spec is not algorithm-agile. (I can't find the ref
> right now where this is encouraged.)  In this case, maybe it
> doesn't need to be considering the impact (I don't take a
> stance on that) -- but this probably deserves at least brief
> discussion in the security considerations section.

This part is basically copied from IKEv2 NAT detection payloads,
which also use SHA-1 (and IKEv2 spec didn't include any
discussion about this either)....

However, here the situation might actually be slightly different,
since the security implications of NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads
and NO_NATS_ALLOWED are different. The simplest solution might
be just to place the IP addresses in this payload (and mandate
comparing them with the IP header)...

Any comments from other on this?

> semi-editorial
> --------------
>=20
> =3D=3D> there seem to be a number of assumptions scattered
> throughout the document (e.g., relating to the responder not
> being behind a NAT) -- maybe it would be useful to put these as
> a new subsection of the Introduction?

This particular assumption is actually mentioned in the
Introduction section (and gets better treatment in the proposed
NAT text above). Were there any others you had in mind..?

> =3D=3D> I would also consider splitting out 2.3 in subsections for
> readability and more exact references.  For example,
> initiator's first steps could be 2.3.1, Responder's reply
> 2.3.2, initiator's reply 2.3.3, and the exception 2.3.4.

Hmm... as it's currently organized, I'm not sure if splitting=20
it would actually improve the readability (it might even be
confusing if the subsection suddenly changes in the middle of=20
the description).

> =3D=3D> It might make sense to spell out, probably in section 1.2,
> that apparently (AFAICS) the initiator never tells the
> responder which addresses it takes to use.  It just sends
> UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES with the updated addresses (inmplicit
> update).

It does tell the responder, by sending UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES.
I'm not sure how it could be more explicit than this...?

(Or are you referring to the detail that the addresses are not
contained inside the IKEv2 payload, but in the IP header?)

>      HDR, SK { IDi, [CERT], [IDr], AUTH,
>                 [CP(CFG_REQUEST)]
>                 SAi2, TSi, TSr,
>                 N(MOBIKE_SUPPORTED),
>                 [N(ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS)+]  -->
>=20
> =3D=3D> this raises a minor issue of the normativeness of this spec
> with regard to the non-MOBIKE -related IKE payloads.  The above
> exchange is just an example; some other payloads could be
> included as well, or some listed above could be omitted.  Also
> the optional/mandatory status might change.  Perhaps the
> document could give a short disclaimer about the IKE exchange
> examples.

Right... How about adding this:

   In some cases, the diagrams also show what payloads defined in
   [IKEv2] would be typically included in, for instance, the
   IKE_AUTH exchange. These payloads are shown for illustrative
   purposes only; see [IKEv2] for an authoritative description.

to section 1.3, after the first paragraph?

>    o  The initiator receives a NAT_DETECTION_DESTINATION_IP=20
>       payload that does not match the previous UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES=20
>       response (see Section 2.6 for a more detailed description).
>=20
> =3D=3D> In some cases, you use NAT_DETECTION_*_IP and in some
> NAT_DETECTION_DESTINATION_IP.  I guess this is intentional,=20
> but I'd still review the cases carefully..

I went through all the occurrences of these terms, and it seems
they were all correct.

>    o  Determines whether it has already received a newer
>       UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES request than this one (if the=20
>       responder uses a window size greater than one, it is=20
>       possible that requests are received out of order). =20
>       If it has, a response message is sent, but no other=20
>       action is taken.
>=20
> =3D=3D> at first, it was not clear to me what "a response message"
> referred to. An unspecified response?  Probably you meant the
> normal response specified a few bullets down but this was not
> unambiguous.

Ok, I'll clarify this.

>    There is one additional issue that must be taken into account.
>    If the INFORMATIONAL request has been sent to several different
>    addresses (i.e., the destination address in the IKE_SA has been
>    updated after the request was first sent), ...
>=20
> =3D=3D> s/If the/If the same/ (?)

Yes, that's right.

> =3D=3D> this is actually a good issue in more general.  Is it worth
> the effort to do so in the first place? That is, couldn't we
> just specify that the requests be sent with different cookies
> for each destination. I don't think a hash is computationally
> all that expensive.  That would simplify the spec and eliminate
> an extra roundtrip in some cases.

This would require everyone to support large "window sizes", and
based on feedback we've received from implementors, most of them
don't plan to support anything else than 1.

(MOBIKE in general would be _much_ simpler if the designers of
IKEv2 had done the reliability/windowing parts slightly=20
differently...:-)

>    IKEv2 requires that if an IPsec endpoint discovers a NAT
>    between it and its correspondent, it MUST send all
>    subsequent traffic to and from port 4500.  To simplify
>    things, implementations that support both this specification
>    and NAT Traversal MUST change to port 4500 if the
>    correspondent also supports both, even if no NAT was
>    detected between them (this way, there is no need to change
>    the ports later).
>=20
> =3D=3D> While this seems to be a logical place to talk about this,
> I'm troubled. The title is "NAT Prohibition".  What about
> MOBIKE implementations which don't implement NAT prohibition (I
> guess that's OK).  The above requirement is more general though
> -- not really anything to with NAT prohibition.  These kind of
> more generic requirements should be placed in a much more
> prominent place in the spec.

Hmm... yes, you're right, this should be somewhere else.=20
Logically it would also belong earlier in the text; I'll
try to find a new place for it.

>    NO_NATS_ALLOWED payloads can also be included when changing
>    the addresses of IPsec SAs (see Section 2.3) and updating
>    the additional addresses (see Section 2.4).  An initiator
>    using this "NAT prohibition" feature includes a
>    NO_NATS_ALLOWED payload in all address update messages.
>=20
> =3D=3D> s/includes/MUST include/ or..?

I think "includes" is correct, since it's describing a logical
necessity, not a choice (where we could discuss whether it=20
should be a MAY, SHOULD or MUST).
=20
> 3.1  MOBIKE_SUPPORTED Notification Payload
>=20
> =3D=3D> note that the IKEv2 spec refers these as "Notify Payloads"
> (at least in some places of the spec; "Notification" is also
> mentioned though)..?

The IKEv2 spec is not very consistent in this (for instance,
Section 3.10 titled "Notify Payload" later on says "The payload
type for the Notification Payload is...").

But I'll try to make the use of "notification", "Notify Payload",=20
and "payload" more consistent in the next version.

>    The Notify Message Type for MOBIKE_SUPPORTED is TBD-BY-
>    IANA(16396..40959).
>=20
> =3D=3D> per http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-narten-iana-
> considerations-rfc2434bis-02.txt,
>=20
> thse types should be named TBD-BY-IANA1, ...., TBD-BY-IANAN (or
> something like that), so we know IANA has assigned a separate
> value for each and it can be easily search-n-replaced.
>
> I'd also suggest dropping the assignment range from here, and=20
> giving that guidance in IANA Considerations.

OK, I'll do that... (I'll also add a table in the IANA
considerations section summarizing all the new notifications).

>   of the stack, such as properly dealing with ICMP errors
>   [ICMPAttacks]
>
> =3D=3D> some folks may argue that what ICMPattacks proposes may not
> be "proper". So, maybe find a different word for "proper", or
> use something like "as validating ICMP errors" which takes no
> stance on whether it's useful or not.

Ok.

>   [IPsecArch]
>              Kent, S. and K. Seo, "Security Architecture for the
>              Internet Protocol", draft-ietf-ipsec-rfc2401bis-06=20
>              (work in progress), March 2005.
>
> =3D=3D> this should probably be under normative refs?

Yes.

Best regards,
Pasi
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Hi,

Francis Dupont wrote:
>    return routability check that force the attacker to stay there
>    to continue the attack forever.
>    
> => yes, mobile ip and mobike have different weapons. My concern is
> they share the same issue but the WGs react in very different ways.

A quick comment:  if the attacker stays on the path, doing NAT
forever (i.e. allows peers to exchange packets), then it's not
really an attack.  It's just plain NAT.

At least in the MIPv4 context this becomes a relevant attack
*only* if the attacker (a) intervenes in the binding establishment
stage (acting as a NAT), and (b) then leaves the path.  The result
is either a defunct binding or a traffic flow redirected to a
victim.  If the attacker stays on and continues to perform the
NAT function, traffic flow is not changed.

Is there a difference in MOBIKE?  I.e. is this an attack if the
attacker stays on the path?

Best,

-Sami
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 00:31:02 2005
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References: <200509191457.j8JEvgom065079@givry.rennes.enst-bretagne.fr>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
Date: Mon, 19 Sep 2005 21:30:52 -0700
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> In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    >=> what is the real difference between MOBIKE multihoming support
>    >and IKEv2 multihoming support, and, more important, is this difference
>    >enough?
> 
>    My understanding of this difference is that in our current
>    proposal, the peers can register their alternative addresses
>    and failover to the other addresses if there's a connectivity
>    problem in the currently used address. (I don't think you
>    can do this in basic IKEv2, and personally, I think its a good
>    tradeoff in terms of functionality vs. effort and configuration.)
>    This is what I call the "failover" multihoming model.
>    
>    In the SCTP multihoming model we can choose more independently
>    where to send data, even if there's still the concept of a
>    primary (default) path.
>    
AFAIK (things may have changed recently in SCTP), you try a new
path only if the primary path fails. But in SCTP, each side can take
the decision independently unlike what we have in MOBIKE today.
But the main reason we did it this way in MOBIKE is to make it
work with NATs.  Also, In MOBIKE, all the IPsec SAs get
updated at the same time. There is no such thing in SCTP - each
side has its own notion of what address set they can use. 
Is there any other difference ?

>    In the load balancing multihoming model we can send even
>    the same stream over multiple paths, and still perform appropriate
>    load balancing, congestion avoidance, and acknowledgement
>    tasks.
>    
> => fine definition. My concern is the SCTP model and SCTP itself
> is in the charter, so according to its own charter the WG doesn't
> provide *yet* a good enough support to multihoming...
> 
I think we should be very careful about keeping the protocol simple.
When the charter was written, i don't think we understood all the details.
So, i don't think we should blindly follow the charter. 

-mohan

> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 03:10:12 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: sami.vaarala@iki.fi
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 19 Sep 2005 22:27:10 +0300.
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   A quick comment:  if the attacker stays on the path, doing NAT
   forever (i.e. allows peers to exchange packets), then it's not
   really an attack.  It's just plain NAT.
   
=> what I call the transient pseudo-NAT differs from a real NAT on:
 - it stays on the path only for the attack (transient)
 - it modifies only some packets belonging to a signaling protocol
 - it redirects a large bunch of traffic controlled by this signaling
   protocol.

   At least in the MIPv4 context this becomes a relevant attack
   *only* if the attacker (a) intervenes in the binding establishment
   stage (acting as a NAT), and (b) then leaves the path.

=> yes, this is the idea. One unpleasant property is the attack works
better if the signaling is more efficient (i.e., uses less messages).

   The result
   is either a defunct binding or a traffic flow redirected to a
   victim.  If the attacker stays on and continues to perform the
   NAT function, traffic flow is not changed.
   
=> the attack I describe is not the bogus NAT one. In mine
a small action has a great effect.

   Is there a difference in MOBIKE?

=> there is no real difference between IKE and MIP, both are signaling
which can be attacked as soon as NAT traversal is enabled.

   I.e. is this an attack if the attacker stays on the path?
   
=> yes but this is a different one.

BTW the implicit update of NAT traversal is a good defense against the
attack: as soon as a packet from the end behind the NAT is not modified,
its peer jumps to the right address. This is one of the reasons I believe
the SHOULD for the implicit update can be made stronger.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: I explain the attack in draft-dupont-transient-pseudonat-04.txt
(expired because my interest is not in the attack itself but to get
proper defense in signalings).
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 04:25:39 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 19 Sep 2005 21:30:52 PDT.
	<00d501c5bd9c$162c5880$6701a8c0@adithya> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I think we should be very careful about keeping the protocol simple.
   When the charter was written, i don't think we understood all the details.
   So, i don't think we should blindly follow the charter. 
   
=> if the charter is bad we should fix it. BTW IMHO the load balancing
definition is not enough accurate:

    Load balancing. Multihoming is supported only in the sense of
    failing over to another interface; sending traffic over multiple
    addresses using the same SA is not supported.
   
There is a place between the failover (first part) and the load balancing
itself (second part). In the "host-based multihoming" used for IPv6,
one could play with source and destination addresses to get traffic
engineering / QoS mapping. This is stronger than the failover style
but this is not load balancing because one flow uses only one path
at one time. To neglect this multihoming style IMHO is to go against
the direction the Internet currently follows...

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 06:17:39 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 15 Sep 2005 13:41:48 +0300.
	<43294FEC.70705@piuha.net> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I think we can close this one.

=> but please explain what will be done for the security problem
itself (i.e., don't leave an undocumented security hole).

   This seems to be supported by Mohan and Francis (and myself),
   so with the small number of folks

=> I'll be fair: I won't use this against you (:-).

   that have participated this discussion, its propbably as close to
   consensus as we are going to get.
   
=> the only consensus we have is a MUST is too strong for IPv4.

   So, I think we can make the document leave the
   middle ground away from v6 but allowing it in v4.

=> this is a MAY for the opposite.

   ("NAT preventation SHOULD be enabled by default
   in IPv6 if NAT traversal is not enabled.", or words
   to that effect.)
   
=> this is far from enough! We need something for IPv4 and if it is
a MAY for the opposite a good security guideline.
BTW I agree with the proposed text, my concern is it is incomplete.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
Date: Tue, 20 Sep 2005 13:23:15 +0300
Message-ID: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3079@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
Thread-Topic: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
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To: <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
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Francis Dupont wrote:

> BTW I agree with the proposed text, my concern is it is=20
> incomplete.

Since you seem to be the one person who thinks this is a=20
serious problem, perhaps you could also provide some new=20
text that better describes the situation?

Best regards,
Pasi
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: stephane@cisco.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
In-reply-to: Your message of Thu, 15 Sep 2005 07:54:00 EDT.
	<13E3DA8B48E17D4C96D261A36A23FCD68E4BA6@xmb-rtp-208.amer.cisco.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   If one does detect NAT change at ESP layer, what does one do?
   
   Do we do a return routability check on the new address before updating
   it's SADB?  It would seem logical, but just want to make sure we're on
   the same page.
   
=> this is not logical at all! The SADB should be updated ASAP and
the RR check doesn't help at all: it only adds delay, if the new address
is bad the next packet with a good address will fix the SADB.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:
   
   >I am assuming NAT change at ESP layer follows IKEv2 NAT-T i.e no
   >return routabilitycheck. Otherwise, the speedup obtained by the
   >traditional IKEv2 NAT-T is lost and there is no point in having
   >this mechanism at all.

   I think most of the speedup is in the detection part.
   
=> I believe you mean the detection is more efficient because there are
more ESP traffic, because the return routability check cost is one
full RTT (without RR check the delay is the mean time between two ESP
packets + 1/2 RTT).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 20 Sep 2005 13:23:15 +0300.
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > BTW I agree with the proposed text, my concern is it is 
   > incomplete.
   
   Since you seem to be the one person who thinks this is a 

=> the one is this list...

   serious problem,

=> the MIP WG considered it as serious too.

   perhaps you could also provide some new 
   text that better describes the situation?
   
=> I'll take some words from draft-dupont-transient-pseudonat-04.txt
where the problem is explained.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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Moi,

Francis Dupont wrote:
> [...]
>    Since you seem to be the one person who thinks this is a 
> 
> => the one is this list...
> 
>    serious problem,
> 
> => the MIP WG considered it as serious too.

It's been some time but I believe the reaction in MIP WG was that
although the issue is real, it's not terribly serious.  Given the
location of the attacker (on the path), the attacker has many other
modes of attack than just transient traffic forwarding.

Because there's little that can be done in MIPv4 w.r.t. this problem,
namely just tweaking mobility binding lifetimes, it was documented
in RFC 3519 Security Considerations.  It's nice-to-know information
for an implementor.  Of course, having NAT prevention in a NAT traversal
document wasn't an option either :-).

Moreover, from my viewpoint, NAT prevention is something I don't
really understand. The real world is riddled with NATs, and it will
probably be the case with IPv6 too despite hope to the contrary.
So why make things more brittle?  Are transient traffic redirection
attacks serious enough to warrant it?

Best,

-Sami
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Sami Vaarala <sami.vaarala@iki.fi>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 20 Sep 2005 14:45:23 +0300.
	<432FF653.4020708@iki.fi> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Are transient traffic redirection attacks serious enough to warrant it?

=> you miss the point: the attack is transient, not the traffic redirection.

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: to be secure is a property security protocols are looking for.
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 08:17:08 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review (technical)
	(issue 42) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 19 Sep 2005 19:31:33 +0300.
	<B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3073@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   >   When the initiator is behind a NAT, it SHOULD include these 
   >   payloads in DPD messages, and compare the received ...
   > 
   >   When MOBIKE is in use, the host not behind a NAT SHOULD NOT 
   >   use the dynamic updates specified ...
   > 
   > ==> How does the MOBIKE code know whether you're behind a NAT?
   > Is this done automatically as part of IKEv2 NAT detection?
   > Note that the spec doesn't seem to require running NAT presence
   > detection so with current spec this can't be done.
   
   Yes, this is done by IKEv2 NAT Traversal already (so saying
   that it must be done would be redundant).
   
=> you don't answer to the question: it is not required to
run NAT presence detection.

   The simplest solution might
   be just to place the IP addresses in this payload (and mandate
   comparing them with the IP header)...
   
   Any comments from other on this?
   
=> so I am not the one which cares about peer address protection (:-).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 08:21:54 2005
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To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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Francis Dupont wrote:
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    Are transient traffic redirection attacks serious enough to warrant it?
> 
> => you miss the point: the attack is transient, not the traffic redirection.

In the MIPv4 context the traffic redirection is also transient.
When the MN rebinds, the redirection ends.  Now, if there is no
equivalent mechanism in MOBIKE, the attack is more serious, but
from previous mails it seems that this aspect is covered?

-Sami
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 08:33:12 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 20 Sep 2005 13:23:15 +0300.
	<B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD3079@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com> 
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First attempt:

IKE uses addresses it runs over, taken from IP headers, as
endpoint addresses for IPsec SAs it establishes. If the
addresses are left unprotected, an attacker can redirect the IPsec
traffic to a third party just modifying the IP header of some IKE messages.
Either NAT_DETECTION_*_IP or NO_NATS_ALLOWED detect the modification
of the IP header on the path, including this attack.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 08:38:43 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Sami Vaarala <sami.vaarala@iki.fi>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T? 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 20 Sep 2005 15:27:21 +0300.
	<43300029.5090404@iki.fi> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Francis Dupont wrote:
   >  In your previous mail you wrote:
   > 
   >    Are transient traffic redirection attacks serious enough to warrant it?
   > 
   > => you miss the point: the attack is transient, not the traffic
   > redirection.
   
   In the MIPv4 context the traffic redirection is also transient.
   When the MN rebinds, the redirection ends.

=> no, it is only short. There is a huge difference between hacking
some signaling messages and hacking the traffic flow.

   Now, if there is no equivalent mechanism in MOBIKE, the attack is
   more serious, but from previous mails it seems that this aspect is
   covered?
   
=> it is not covered but the situation is different for MOBIKE as
explained in previous messages. BTW it seems the current protocol
document requires in fact a NAT detection so now there are many
reasons to drop the "middle ground", i.e., make NAT traversal or
NAT prevention mandatory.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 09:36:13 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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Hi,

>    In the MIPv4 context the traffic redirection is also transient.
>    When the MN rebinds, the redirection ends.
> 
> => no, it is only short. There is a huge difference between hacking
> some signaling messages and hacking the traffic flow.

Ok, this is a difference of terminology.  A couple of minutes worth
of redirection compared to the attacker's effort is transient to me :)

>    Now, if there is no equivalent mechanism in MOBIKE, the attack is
>    more serious, but from previous mails it seems that this aspect is
>    covered?
>    
> => it is not covered but the situation is different for MOBIKE as
> explained in previous messages. BTW it seems the current protocol
> document requires in fact a NAT detection so now there are many
> reasons to drop the "middle ground", i.e., make NAT traversal or
> NAT prevention mandatory.

Ok, this may be.  I haven't followed MOBIKE closely and was
commenting on the MIPv4 part which I thought to be misrepresented
as a serious problem.

-Sami
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From: Dennis Frett <frett@us.ibm.com>
To: mobike@machshav.com
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Subject: [Mobike] Dennis Frett/Rochester/IBM is out of the office.
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I will be out of the office starting  09/20/2005 and will not return until
09/21/2005.

Testing my out of office Response.  I'm not really out of office today.

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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: RE: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review (technical)
	(issue 42)
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Inline.. (in the interest of brevity, I've removed parts which we 
agree on explicit response doesn't seem necessary).  Let's hope this 
gets past the size limitations..

On Mon, 19 Sep 2005 Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com wrote:
>> substantial
>> -----------
>>
>>    Note that if some of the initiator's interfaces are behind a
>>    NAT (from the responder's point of view), the addresses
>>    received by the responder will be incorrect.  This means the
>>    procedure for changing responder addresses described in
>>    Section 2.4 does not fully work when the initiator is behind
>>    a NAT. [...]
>>
>> ==> this is probably something that needs more air time.  What
>> does "does not fully work" mean?  This also probably applies to
>> the responder, though in different ways.  This may also have
>> security implications (exposing internal topology), and it may
>> affect address selection (if for example smaller scope
>> addresses are preferable, but actually belong to different
>> sites).  This probably needs a bunch of more analysis...
>
> Yes, this is something that probably deserves a slightly longer
> explanation (but I don't think we should spend too much time on
> it). How about this?
>
> 1.3  MOBIKE and Network Address Translation (NAT)
>
>   In some MOBIKE scenarios the network may contain NATs or stateful
>   packet filters (for brevity, the rest of this document talks simply
>   about NATs).  The NAT Traversal feature specified in [IKEv2] allows
>   IKEv2 to work through NATs in many cases, and MOBIKE can leverage
>   this functionality: when the addresses used for IPsec SAs are
>   changed, MOBIKE can enable or disable IKEv2 NAT Traversal as needed.
>
>   Nevertheless, there are some limitations.  NATs usually introduce an
>   asymmetry in the network: packets reaching the NAT from the "inside"
>   are treated differently from packets coming from the "outside".  This
>   asymmetry leads to restrictions on what MOBIKE can do.  To give a
>   concrete example, consider a situation where both peers have only a
>   single address, and the initiator is behind a NAT.  If the
>   responder's address now changes, it needs to send a packet to the
>   initiator using its new address.  However, if the NAT is, for
>   instance, of the "restricted cone" type (see [STUN] for one
>   description of different NAT types), this is not possible: the NAT
>   will drop packets sent from the new address (unless the initiator has
>   previously sent a packet to that address -- which it cannot do until
>   it knows the address).
>
>   For simplicity, MOBIKE does not attempt to handle all possible NAT-
>   related scenarios.  Instead, MOBIKE assumes that if NATs are present,
>   the initiator is the party "behind" the NAT, and does not fully
>   support the case where the responder's addresses change.
>
>   "Does not fully support" means that no special effort is made to
>   support this functionality.  However, if the alternative is losing
>   connectivity completely, the responder can still attempt to proceed
>   with the change, and depending on, e.g., the exact type of NAT, it
>   may succeed.  However, analyzing the exact circumstances when this
>   will or will not work is not done in this document.

This is good description of some of these problems (suitable in the 
introduction as you put it), but I'm not sure if it addresses all the 
open questions.

If I understand correctly, if the initiator is behind a NAT with IP 
address 10.0.0.1, it will tell the responder in MOBIKE exchange that 
its IP address is 10.0.0.1.  At least two issues sprang to my mind:

   a) some people will be (at least slightly) concerned that MOBIKE 
will reveal the internal topology of the site.  This may or may not be 
a big issue (especially as probably the most IPsec sessions will go to 
at least semi-trusted nodes), but if we don't state it now, someone is 
going to invent a fancy MOBIKE "exploit" 5 years down the road.  A 
sentence or two in a separate paragraph in Security Considerations 
section would probably be sufficient.

   b) as the conveyed addresses are used for address selection, there 
might be issues with that.  Let's say, the responder tells it has 
addresses 20.20.20.20 and 10.0.0.2.  The initiator has 10.0.0.1, and 
possibly 30.30.30.30.  The initiator and responder are in different 
sites (a NAT between them). Now the initiator's address selection 
policy might get skewed if it'd prefer particular kind of addresses.
This may be one issue where an explicit warning might be useful.

>>   When the initiator is behind a NAT, it SHOULD include these
>>   payloads in DPD messages, and compare the received ...
>>
>>   When MOBIKE is in use, the host not behind a NAT SHOULD NOT
>>   use the dynamic updates specified ...
>>
>> ==> How does the MOBIKE code know whether you're behind a NAT?
>> Is this done automatically as part of IKEv2 NAT detection?
>> Note that the spec doesn't seem to require running NAT presence
>> detection so with current spec this can't be done.
>
> Yes, this is done by IKEv2 NAT Traversal already (so saying
> that it must be done would be redundant).

To a person like me who didn't know what kind of NAT detection 
exchange is done by IKEv2 (and whether that's mandatory to implement 
or mandatory to enable), this didn't spell out how MOBIKE knows 
whether it's behind a NAT or not.  If it could fit somewhere neatly, 
it would likely help a bit.

>   "While no specific timeout lengths are required, it is
>   suggested that responders continue retransmitting IKEv2
>   requests for at least five minutes before giving up."

No problem with me, though that doesn't give any help on how 
aggressive you should be to start with..

>>    The data associated with this notification is the SHA-1
>>    hash [FIPS180-2] of the following data:
>>
>> ==> this spec is not algorithm-agile. (I can't find the ref
>> right now where this is encouraged.)  In this case, maybe it
>> doesn't need to be considering the impact (I don't take a
>> stance on that) -- but this probably deserves at least brief
>> discussion in the security considerations section.
>
> This part is basically copied from IKEv2 NAT detection payloads,
> which also use SHA-1 (and IKEv2 spec didn't include any
> discussion about this either)....
>
> However, here the situation might actually be slightly different,
> since the security implications of NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads
> and NO_NATS_ALLOWED are different. The simplest solution might
> be just to place the IP addresses in this payload (and mandate
> comparing them with the IP header)...
>
> Any comments from other on this?

As these issues have seen some debate (see the thread starting from 
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ipv6/current/msg05627.html as an 
example), this seems to be something that needs to be at least 
mentioned in security considerations; that may be sufficient, though 
if one can easily engineer around it without hurting security, that 
might not be a bad idea either.

But the bottom line is that if the algorithm is glued in (which may be 
OK given that you can only spoof the NAT prohibition), I think it 
needs to be said explicitly (and it might not hurt to get tentative 
early review from more folks in the sec area).

>> semi-editorial
>> --------------
>>
>> ==> there seem to be a number of assumptions scattered
>> throughout the document (e.g., relating to the responder not
>> being behind a NAT) -- maybe it would be useful to put these as
>> a new subsection of the Introduction?
>
> This particular assumption is actually mentioned in the
> Introduction section (and gets better treatment in the proposed
> NAT text above). Were there any others you had in mind..?

Maybe minor ones like the assumptions on what other elements need to 
be implemented (but which aren't specified here, like address 
selection), but it may be that those don't need to be mentioned up 
front.

>> ==> I would also consider splitting out 2.3 in subsections for
>> readability and more exact references.  For example,
>> initiator's first steps could be 2.3.1, Responder's reply
>> 2.3.2, initiator's reply 2.3.3, and the exception 2.3.4.
>
> Hmm... as it's currently organized, I'm not sure if splitting
> it would actually improve the readability (it might even be
> confusing if the subsection suddenly changes in the middle of
> the description).

If others have no opinion, I'm OK either way.  It required a bit more 
work from the reader to figure out which part of the section you were 
referring to when saying "see Section 2.3" because that includes a 
number of different things.  Above would have made it shorter and 
easier to point to, but with more careful reading, the current one 
should be readable as well.

>> ==> It might make sense to spell out, probably in section 1.2,
>> that apparently (AFAICS) the initiator never tells the
>> responder which addresses it takes to use.  It just sends
>> UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES with the updated addresses (inmplicit
>> update).
>
> It does tell the responder, by sending UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES.
> I'm not sure how it could be more explicit than this...?
>
> (Or are you referring to the detail that the addresses are not
> contained inside the IKEv2 payload, but in the IP header?)

Exactly, only in the IP header.  (I haven't analyzed whether this may 
or may not open any new threats, because the IP address is not secured 
as it's from the header.. I think those were described at sufficient 
length already)

>>      HDR, SK { IDi, [CERT], [IDr], AUTH,
>>                 [CP(CFG_REQUEST)]
>>                 SAi2, TSi, TSr,
>>                 N(MOBIKE_SUPPORTED),
>>                 [N(ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS)+]  -->
>>
>> ==> this raises a minor issue of the normativeness of this spec
>> with regard to the non-MOBIKE -related IKE payloads.  The above
>> exchange is just an example; some other payloads could be
>> included as well, or some listed above could be omitted.  Also
>> the optional/mandatory status might change.  Perhaps the
>> document could give a short disclaimer about the IKE exchange
>> examples.
>
> Right... How about adding this:
>
>   In some cases, the diagrams also show what payloads defined in
>   [IKEv2] would be typically included in, for instance, the
>   IKE_AUTH exchange. These payloads are shown for illustrative
>   purposes only; see [IKEv2] for an authoritative description.
>
> to section 1.3, after the first paragraph?

Looks excellent.

>> ==> this is actually a good issue in more general.  Is it worth
>> the effort to do so in the first place? That is, couldn't we
>> just specify that the requests be sent with different cookies
>> for each destination. I don't think a hash is computationally
>> all that expensive.  That would simplify the spec and eliminate
>> an extra roundtrip in some cases.
>
> This would require everyone to support large "window sizes", and
> based on feedback we've received from implementors, most of them
> don't plan to support anything else than 1.
>
> (MOBIKE in general would be _much_ simpler if the designers of
> IKEv2 had done the reliability/windowing parts slightly
> differently...:-)

That's a bit unfortunate but it's fine with me..

>>    NO_NATS_ALLOWED payloads can also be included when changing
>>    the addresses of IPsec SAs (see Section 2.3) and updating
>>    the additional addresses (see Section 2.4).  An initiator
>>    using this "NAT prohibition" feature includes a
>>    NO_NATS_ALLOWED payload in all address update messages.
>>
>> ==> s/includes/MUST include/ or..?
>
> I think "includes" is correct, since it's describing a logical
> necessity, not a choice (where we could discuss whether it
> should be a MAY, SHOULD or MUST).

My reasoning above was, could an implementer try to optimize the 
protocol so that it will only send NO_NATS_ALLOWED with some but not 
all update messages (saving bits).  I.e., would the processing be any 
different for the exchange responder if NO_NATS_ALLOWED was sometimes 
present and sometimes not.

Hence I proposed a MUST implying "if you are going to send 
NO_NATS_ALLOWED, you have to send it *every time*, instead of just 
when you feel like it".

But if folks want to leave this a bit more open, that's fine with me..

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 20 18:23:37 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review (technical)(issue
	42)
Date: Tue, 20 Sep 2005 15:23:28 -0700
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>    The data associated with this notification is the SHA-1 
>    hash [FIPS180-2] of the following data:
> 
> ==> this spec is not algorithm-agile. (I can't find the ref
> right now where this is encouraged.)  In this case, maybe it
> doesn't need to be considering the impact (I don't take a
> stance on that) -- but this probably deserves at least brief
> discussion in the security considerations section.

This part is basically copied from IKEv2 NAT detection payloads,
which also use SHA-1 (and IKEv2 spec didn't include any
discussion about this either)....

However, here the situation might actually be slightly different,
since the security implications of NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads
and NO_NATS_ALLOWED are different. The simplest solution might
be just to place the IP addresses in this payload (and mandate
comparing them with the IP header)...

Any comments from other on this?

===> The reason IKEv2 NAT detection payloads includes only the hash and
not the actual addresses is to hide the internal addresses. But this is lost with
MOBIKE because the initiator has to include these addresses in 
ADDITIONAL_ADDRESS notification. So, including the hash or real
address in the notification payloads doesn't matter. To be consistent (as we
are using NAT-D payloads from IKEv2), we might as well use the same
hash and also not be algo-agile :-)

-mohan

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But, couldn't an attacker capture an ESP packet, change the src ip /
port, and force us to start sending/flooding packets to an un-suspecting
IP addr?

At least a RR test would tell us that our 'peer' can indeed recv packets
on the new IP.  Still has MitM issues on the RR, mind you...

Stephane.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr=20
> [mailto:Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr]=20
> Sent: Tuesday, September 20, 2005 6:27 AM
> To: Stephane Beaulieu [stephane@cisco.com]
> Cc: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com; Tero Kivinen; Jari Arkko;=20
> mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal=20
>=20
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
>=20
>    If one does detect NAT change at ESP layer, what does one do?
>   =20
>    Do we do a return routability check on the new address=20
> before updating
>    it's SADB?  It would seem logical, but just want to make=20
> sure we're on
>    the same page.
>   =20
> =3D> this is not logical at all! The SADB should be updated=20
> ASAP and the RR check doesn't help at all: it only adds=20
> delay, if the new address is bad the next packet with a good=20
> address will fix the SADB.
>=20
> Regards
>=20
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
>=20
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Sep 21 04:05:53 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review (technical)
	(issue 42) 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 20 Sep 2005 14:03:19 +0300.
	<Pine.LNX.4.61.0509201319070.27692@netcore.fi> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

      a) some people will be (at least slightly) concerned that MOBIKE 
   will reveal the internal topology of the site.  This may or may not be 
   a big issue (especially as probably the most IPsec sessions will go to 
   at least semi-trusted nodes), but if we don't state it now, someone is 
   going to invent a fancy MOBIKE "exploit" 5 years down the road.  A 
   sentence or two in a separate paragraph in Security Considerations 
   section would probably be sufficient.
   
=> IMHO this problem is only for MOBIKE itself (where a private of
a node behind a NAT has no meaning, i.e., it can put anything) but
not for NAT detection/prevention: I asked why NAT detection
uses a hash and not the addresses themselves and the answer was
exactly because some people were concerned that NAT detection would
reveal the internal topology (so a) applies in the real world).

   > Yes, this is done by IKEv2 NAT Traversal already (so saying
   > that it must be done would be redundant).
   
   To a person like me who didn't know what kind of NAT detection 
   exchange is done by IKEv2 (and whether that's mandatory to implement 
   or mandatory to enable), this didn't spell out how MOBIKE knows 
   whether it's behind a NAT or not.  If it could fit somewhere neatly, 
   it would likely help a bit.
   
=> there is a point about this: I'd like to drop the "middle ground",
i.e., to make the usage of either NAT detection or NAT prevention
mandatory. My idea is to get a mandatory protection of the addresses
in IP headers (as they'll become the endpoint addresses of IPsec SAs)
but your argument is good too.

   > (Or are you referring to the detail that the addresses are not
   > contained inside the IKEv2 payload, but in the IP header?)
   
   Exactly, only in the IP header.  (I haven't analyzed whether this may 
   or may not open any new threats, because the IP address is not secured 
   as it's from the header.. I think those were described at sufficient 
   length already)
   
=> this opens a threat what I called the "transient pseudo-NAT attack"
but it is not a new threat, just an ignored threat. BTW, it is easy
to fix: the addresses in the IP header should simply be reflected in
some way into the IKE payload. This is why I propose to enforce the
usage of NAT detection/prevention which does that for the first exchange.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Sep 21 04:29:22 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   But, couldn't an attacker capture an ESP packet, change the src ip /
   port, and force us to start sending/flooding packets to an un-suspecting
   IP addr?
   
=> yes but by definition a NAT is out of control (if you can control it
the first thing you'll do is to remove it :-) so:
 - the implicit update is its own defense, i.e., either it is not supported
   and the attack doesn't work, or it is supported and the first good packet
   from the node behind the NAT will fix the address
 - the pseudo-NAT can simply move the direct (i.e., not reflected) traffic
   to a third party

   At least a RR test would tell us that our 'peer' can indeed recv packets
   on the new IP.

=> not really as:

   Still has MitM issues on the RR, mind you...
   
=> IMHO it is better to rely on ingress filtering:
 - when it is deployed, it catches the same attacks than RR
 - when it is not deployed, the attackers have already too many
   simpler possibilities as the real world can prove everyday...
So I think that most of RR "requirements" are only FUD.

Thanks

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 26 11:11:04 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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First I wrote:

>So, I think we can make the document leave the
>middle ground away from v6 but allowing it in v4.
>("NAT preventation SHOULD be enabled by default
>in IPv6 if NAT traversal is not enabled.", or words
>to that effect.)
>  
>
and then you Francis wrote:

>> BTW I agree with the proposed text, my concern is it is 
>> incomplete.
>  
>
and later Pasi writes:

>Since you seem to be the one person who thinks this is a 
>serious problem, perhaps you could also provide some new 
>text that better describes the situation?
>
and then you Francis wrote:

>IKE uses addresses it runs over, taken from IP headers, as
>endpoint addresses for IPsec SAs it establishes. If the
>addresses are left unprotected, an attacker can redirect the IPsec
>traffic to a third party just modifying the IP header of some IKE messages.
>Either NAT_DETECTION_*_IP or NO_NATS_ALLOWED detect the modification
>of the IP header on the path, including this attack.
>  
>
Looking at this thread, it seems that there seems to be
support for our v6 text. We've since then been discussing
whether stronger language is needed for v4 as well. Right
now I don't see a lot of support for that. But let me ping a
couple of mobikers that I see in the same conference as I
am, to get their view.

The text that your provided above Francis looks like
material that could be included in the security
considerations section. Of course, we'd have to also
mention that under some conditions, the attack is
temporary. For instance, if the real node sends packets
after the attacker has left, the problem is corrected.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Sep 26 11:29:15 2005
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   The text that your provided above Francis looks like
   material that could be included in the security
   considerations section. Of course, we'd have to also
   mention that under some conditions, the attack is
   temporary. For instance, if the real node sends packets
   after the attacker has left, the problem is corrected.
   
=> unfortunately this is not true: the problem can be corrected
only with an explicit action (an address update to the right address).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

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To: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review
 (technical)	(issue 42)
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Pekka Savola wrote:

> a) some people will be (at least slightly) concerned that MOBIKE will 
> reveal the internal topology of the site. This may or may not be a big 
> issue (especially as probably the most IPsec sessions will go to at 
> least semi-trusted nodes), but if we don't state it now, someone is 
> going to invent a fancy MOBIKE "exploit" 5 years down the road. A 
> sentence or two in a separate paragraph in Security Considerations 
> section would probably be sufficient.

Agreed.

> b) as the conveyed addresses are used for address selection, there 
> might be issues with that. Let's say, the responder tells it has 
> addresses 20.20.20.20 and 10.0.0.2. The initiator has 10.0.0.1, and 
> possibly 30.30.30.30. The initiator and responder are in different 
> sites (a NAT between them). Now the initiator's address selection 
> policy might get skewed if it'd prefer particular kind of addresses.
> This may be one issue where an explicit warning might be useful.

Yes. I'd be even happier if we were able to know
which addresses are behind a NAT, but...

>> "While no specific timeout lengths are required, it is
>> suggested that responders continue retransmitting IKEv2
>> requests for at least five minutes before giving up."
>
>
> No problem with me, though that doesn't give any help on how 
> aggressive you should be to start with..

This would be useful to specify, I think.

>
>>> The data associated with this notification is the SHA-1
>>> hash [FIPS180-2] of the following data:
>>>
>>> ==> this spec is not algorithm-agile. (I can't find the ref
>>> right now where this is encouraged.) In this case, maybe it
>>> doesn't need to be considering the impact (I don't take a
>>> stance on that) -- but this probably deserves at least brief
>>> discussion in the security considerations section.
>>
>>
>> This part is basically copied from IKEv2 NAT detection payloads,
>> which also use SHA-1 (and IKEv2 spec didn't include any
>> discussion about this either)....
>>
>> However, here the situation might actually be slightly different,
>> since the security implications of NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads
>> and NO_NATS_ALLOWED are different. The simplest solution might
>> be just to place the IP addresses in this payload (and mandate
>> comparing them with the IP header)...
>>
>> Any comments from other on this?
>
>
> As these issues have seen some debate (see the thread starting from 
> http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ipv6/current/msg05627.html as an 
> example), this seems to be something that needs to be at least 
> mentioned in security considerations; that may be sufficient, though 
> if one can easily engineer around it without hurting security, that 
> might not be a bad idea either.
>
> But the bottom line is that if the algorithm is glued in (which may be 
> OK given that you can only spoof the NAT prohibition), I think it 
> needs to be said explicitly (and it might not hurt to get tentative 
> early review from more folks in the sec area).

I think its fine to say the algorithm is "fixed" and that this
is something inherited from main IKEv2 spec.

But note that there's a difference in the algorithm being
fixed as a part of the the protocol versus fixing an algorithm
in an identifier (as in Julien's draft that you pointed) - there
may be ways of upgrading the protocol but identifier upgrading
is much harder.

>
>>> ==> I would also consider splitting out 2.3 in subsections for
>>> readability and more exact references. For example,
>>> initiator's first steps could be 2.3.1, Responder's reply
>>> 2.3.2, initiator's reply 2.3.3, and the exception 2.3.4.
>>
>>
>> Hmm... as it's currently organized, I'm not sure if splitting
>> it would actually improve the readability (it might even be
>> confusing if the subsection suddenly changes in the middle of
>> the description).
>
>
> If others have no opinion, I'm OK either way. It required a bit more 
> work from the reader to figure out which part of the section you were 
> referring to when saying "see Section 2.3" because that includes a 
> number of different things. Above would have made it shorter and 
> easier to point to, but with more careful reading, the current one 
> should be readable as well.

Close call, but I think I'd rather see one big section 2.3
than a set of sub-subsections.

>>
>> I think "includes" is correct, since it's describing a logical
>> necessity, not a choice (where we could discuss whether it
>> should be a MAY, SHOULD or MUST).
>
>
> My reasoning above was, could an implementer try to optimize the 
> protocol so that it will only send NO_NATS_ALLOWED with some but not 
> all update messages (saving bits). I.e., would the processing be any 
> different for the exchange responder if NO_NATS_ALLOWED was sometimes 
> present and sometimes not.
>
> Hence I proposed a MUST implying "if you are going to send 
> NO_NATS_ALLOWED, you have to send it *every time*, instead of just 
> when you feel like it".
>
> But if folks want to leave this a bit more open, that's fine with me..

I'd rather see the if-you-do-this-then-you-need-to-do-it-in-every-message
approach. But I'm not sure if there's need for a MUST; SHOULD appears
sufficient here.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 27 00:46:35 2005
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Cc: mobike@machshav.com, Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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Francis Dupont wrote:

> In your previous mail you wrote:
>
>   The text that your provided above Francis looks like
>   material that could be included in the security
>   considerations section. Of course, we'd have to also
>   mention that under some conditions, the attack is
>   temporary. For instance, if the real node sends packets
>   after the attacker has left, the problem is corrected.
>   
>=> unfortunately this is not true: the problem can be corrected
>only with an explicit action (an address update to the right address).
>  
>
Right. The real node needs to do an address update.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 27 01:35:14 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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Some further thoughts. Even in v4, the benefit
of the no-preventation-and-no-traversal case is
extremely small.  Basically, its only different
to the NAT preventation case if you happen
to have a rare type of a NAT between. For
normal NATs, the communication would fail.

So I would actually like to say something like
"NAT preventation SHOULD be enabled by default
if NAT traversal is not enabled." I also checked
with Pasi that he seems OK with this approach.

I also reviewed our security considerations
text, and it seems that we have sufficient
text to describe what the impact of the
NAT prevention payloads (or lack of thereof) is.
However, I did not see sufficient text to
talk about how temporary or permanent these
attacks are. I'd like to suggest the following
text be added between paragraphs 2 and 3
in Section 4.1:

  This attack can only be launched by on-path
  attackers that are capable of modifying either
  the initial IKE packets or other packets carrying
  NAT detection payloads (such as Dead Peer Detection
  messages). By modifying the outer addresses in
  these packets, the attackers can make the peers
  believe a new NAT or a changed NAT binding exists
  between them. The attack can continue as long as
  the attacker is on the path, modifying packets. If this
  is no longer the case, IKEv2 and MOBIKE mechanisms
  designed to detect NAT mapping changes will eventually
  recognize that the intended traffic is not getting through,
  and update the addresses appropriately.

Does this work for everyone?

--Jari

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To: stephane@cisco.com, Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
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Cc: mobike@machshav.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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stephane@cisco.com wrote:

>Just to clarify...
>
>If one does detect NAT change at ESP layer, what does one do?
>
>Do we do a return routability check on the new address before updating
>it's SADB?  It would seem logical, but just want to make sure we're on
>the same page.
>  
>
and Mohan wrote:

>Eventually, you want to recover faster too, right ? If it is going to take a roundtrip
>extra compared to IKEv2 NAT-T before you can use the address, how slower
>it is compared with the explicit update ?
>  
>
I would note that the return routability text is already
being performed based on policy (as agreed upon in
earlier issues). So it isn't clear to me that we need to
have an answer here.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 27 06:37:32 2005
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Subject: [Mobike] Conclusion on issue 34
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Based on discussion, it appears that most people prefer
the following:

   1) NAT-detection payload -based NAT reboot/change detection
       as a complement to existing source address -based
       mechanisms. This mechanism would be used if MOBIKE
       is on, because otherwise MOBIKE probing would become
       harder.

       Detection would be done by including NAT detection
       payloads in dead peer detection messages.

       Existing source address -based detection is still allowed in
       limited manner:  "MUST NOT do automatic update with
       IKEv2 packets when MOBIKE is used (breaks the probing),
       but you MAY do it for ESP packets."

   2) Use IKE messages for the path testing that is needed
       in MOBIKE.

I have specifically left out the conclusion about whether
to do return routability after a NAT change is detected.
I'm hoping its covered by the policy that we already have
for return routability usage. If people disagree about this
we'll open a separate issue on it.

Also, it was brought up during the discussion that our
charter talks about NAT traversal, requires us to not
change IKEv2 NAT traversal but also requires us to
document how they work together. There has been a
discussion of how well the different alternative proposals
follow the charter. We discussed this with Paul and
concluded that its important we choose the solution
that the group feels is the technically correct one.
The charter requires us to document interactions,
which we are doing. We also do not change anything
in the regular NAT traversal behaviour, except that
when both NAT traversal and MOBIKE are being
used we need to handle source address changes
in MOBIKE-compatible manner. We realize that
any specification of the interaction that goes beyond
("they can be used completely independently" and
"they can not be used together at all") is walking
a fine line between complying and violating the
charter. But we feel that in this case we are still
reasonably within charter.

--Jari

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From: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
To: <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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> 
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    But, couldn't an attacker capture an ESP packet, change 
> the src ip /
>    port, and force us to start sending/flooding packets to an 
> un-suspecting
>    IP addr?
>    
> => yes but by definition a NAT is out of control (if you can 
> control it the first thing you'll do is to remove it :-) so:

OK.  That's a bogus argument.  NAT's exist all over the place, mostly in
places where RA (and Mobike) will be done.  The attack in question would
be most effective when done near the Head-End.  The Head-End
administrator can't control whether it's peers are behind NAT or not.

>  - the implicit update is its own defense, i.e., either it is 
> not supported
>    and the attack doesn't work, or it is supported and the 
> first good packet
>    from the node behind the NAT will fix the address

But if someone is sitting in front of the head-end, then he can muck
with all the packets.  Even worse, let some good ones through, and
switch others that way neither peer will ever detect it (except for
noticing lots of TCP retransmits).

>  - the pseudo-NAT can simply move the direct (i.e., not 
> reflected) traffic
>    to a third party
> 
>    At least a RR test would tell us that our 'peer' can 
> indeed recv packets
>    on the new IP.
> 
> => not really as:
> 
>    Still has MitM issues on the RR, mind you...
>    
> => IMHO it is better to rely on ingress filtering:
>  - when it is deployed, it catches the same attacks than RR
>  - when it is not deployed, the attackers have already too many
>    simpler possibilities as the real world can prove everyday...
> So I think that most of RR "requirements" are only FUD.

If no RR test (with NATD payloads) is done *before* switching, then
consider me opposed to this solution.

In fact, I'm beginning to think that ESP detection might cause more
problems than it solves...

Stephane.

> 
> Thanks
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
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> 
> >Just to clarify...
> >
> >If one does detect NAT change at ESP layer, what does one do?
> >
> >Do we do a return routability check on the new address 
> before updating 
> >it's SADB?  It would seem logical, but just want to make 
> sure we're on 
> >the same page.
> >  
> >
> and Mohan wrote:
> 
> >Eventually, you want to recover faster too, right ? If it is 
> going to 
> >take a roundtrip extra compared to IKEv2 NAT-T before you 
> can use the 
> >address, how slower it is compared with the explicit update ?
> >  
> >
> I would note that the return routability text is already 
> being performed based on policy (as agreed upon in earlier 
> issues). So it isn't clear to me that we need to have an answer here.
> 

I think I missed this part of the discussion, but it seems like an
appropriate thing to do.  However, if a known attack is possible, we
might want to add this as a SHOULD or at least document it as a security
consideration.

Stephane.

> --Jari
> 
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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Yes, this sounds fine to me.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
To: "Francis Dupont" <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>; 
<Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
Cc: <mobike@machshav.com>
Sent: Monday, September 26, 2005 10:35 PM
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?


> Some further thoughts. Even in v4, the benefit
> of the no-preventation-and-no-traversal case is
> extremely small.  Basically, its only different
> to the NAT preventation case if you happen
> to have a rare type of a NAT between. For
> normal NATs, the communication would fail.
>
> So I would actually like to say something like
> "NAT preventation SHOULD be enabled by default
> if NAT traversal is not enabled." I also checked
> with Pasi that he seems OK with this approach.
>
> I also reviewed our security considerations
> text, and it seems that we have sufficient
> text to describe what the impact of the
> NAT prevention payloads (or lack of thereof) is.
> However, I did not see sufficient text to
> talk about how temporary or permanent these
> attacks are. I'd like to suggest the following
> text be added between paragraphs 2 and 3
> in Section 4.1:
>
>  This attack can only be launched by on-path
>  attackers that are capable of modifying either
>  the initial IKE packets or other packets carrying
>  NAT detection payloads (such as Dead Peer Detection
>  messages). By modifying the outer addresses in
>  these packets, the attackers can make the peers
>  believe a new NAT or a changed NAT binding exists
>  between them. The attack can continue as long as
>  the attacker is on the path, modifying packets. If this
>  is no longer the case, IKEv2 and MOBIKE mechanisms
>  designed to detect NAT mapping changes will eventually
>  recognize that the intended traffic is not getting through,
>  and update the addresses appropriately.
>
> Does this work for everyone?
>
> --Jari
>
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 


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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Sep 27 13:34:09 2005
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I'd like to suggest the following
   text be added between paragraphs 2 and 3
   in Section 4.1:
   
     This attack can only be launched by on-path
     attackers that are capable of modifying either
     the initial IKE packets or other packets carrying
     NAT detection payloads (such as Dead Peer Detection
     messages). By modifying the outer addresses in
     these packets, the attackers can make the peers
     believe a new NAT or a changed NAT binding exists
     between them. The attack can continue as long as
     the attacker is on the path, modifying packets.

=> it should be clear that the packets are IKE messages.
In fact, we need the whole text to see if a confusion is possible,
and BTW the term "message" is better than "packet"...

     If this
     is no longer the case, IKEv2 and MOBIKE mechanisms
     designed to detect NAT mapping changes will eventually
     recognize that the intended traffic is not getting through,
     and update the addresses appropriately.
   
   Does this work for everyone?
   
=> this works.

Thanks

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   If no RR test (with NATD payloads) is done *before* switching, then
   consider me opposed to this solution.
   
=> we are speaking about ESP so I don't understand the "with NATD
payloads" (BTW with NATD payloads only the real source can put a
fake address as they are protected).

   In fact, I'm beginning to think that ESP detection might cause more
   problems than it solves...
   
=> ESP detection is in IKEv2, if you believe it you should have objected
during the IKEv2 last call.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

PS: BTW I believe the ESP detection is the right mechanism for
the implicit update of NAT-T.
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
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In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 27 Sep 2005 13:29:06 EDT.
	<13E3DA8B48E17D4C96D261A36A23FCD69CF483@xmb-rtp-208.amer.cisco.com> 
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > I would note that the return routability text is already 
   > being performed based on policy (as agreed upon in earlier 
   > issues). So it isn't clear to me that we need to have an answer here.
   
   I think I missed this part of the discussion,

=> to summary for the explicit update (Mobike one) the default policy
is to perform a RR check (equivalent of a SHOULD but clearer about
the cases the RR check is not needed). There was always a consensus,
the discussion was about the wording (clearer, simpler and more accurate).

   but it seems like an
   appropriate thing to do.  However, if a known attack is possible, we
   might want to add this as a SHOULD or at least document it as a security
   consideration.
   
=> as Jari explained this is already in the document.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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> 
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    If no RR test (with NATD payloads) is done *before* switching, then
>    consider me opposed to this solution.
>    
> => we are speaking about ESP so I don't understand the "with 
> NATD payloads" (BTW with NATD payloads only the real source 
> can put a fake address as they are protected).

What I'm saying is that if I detect a NAT change at the ESP layer, I'd
want to send an IKE packet (with NATD payloads) to the peer to make SURE
he can both recv/send packets from/to that address before I start using
it.  Yes this adds a little extra latency (1 round trip).  But this
leaves no doubt that the peer is at least reachable on that address.


> 
>    In fact, I'm beginning to think that ESP detection might cause more
>    problems than it solves...
>    
> => ESP detection is in IKEv2, if you believe it you should 
> have objected during the IKEv2 last call.

I think we must be talking about different things.  I see nothing in the
ikev2-17 that describes how NAT decisions are made using ESP packets.
All I see is text describing how to use ISAKMP NAT-D payloads to detect
if a NAT box is present in the network.  The draft is rather large, so I
may have missed it.  Can you point me to some text that describes how
ESP pkts are used to detect a NAT, or a NAT mapping change?



> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
> PS: BTW I believe the ESP detection is the right mechanism 
> for the implicit update of NAT-T.
> 
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Stephane Beaulieu (stephane) wrote:

>I think I missed this part of the discussion, but it seems like an
>appropriate thing to do.  However, if a known attack is possible, we
>might want to add this as a SHOULD or at least document it as a security
>consideration.
>  
>
Its on by default, I think.

--Jari

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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Issue 41: Mandate NAT prevention if not doing NAT-T?
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> Some further thoughts. Even in v4, the benefit
> of the no-preventation-and-no-traversal case is
> extremely small.  Basically, its only different
> to the NAT preventation case if you happen
> to have a rare type of a NAT between. For
> normal NATs, the communication would fail.
> 
> So I would actually like to say something like
> "NAT preventation SHOULD be enabled by default
> if NAT traversal is not enabled." I also checked
> with Pasi that he seems OK with this approach.
> 
> I also reviewed our security considerations
> text, and it seems that we have sufficient
> text to describe what the impact of the
> NAT prevention payloads (or lack of thereof) is.
> However, I did not see sufficient text to
> talk about how temporary or permanent these
> attacks are. I'd like to suggest the following
> text be added between paragraphs 2 and 3
> in Section 4.1:
> 
>   This attack can only be launched by on-path
>   attackers that are capable of modifying either
>   the initial IKE packets or other packets carrying
>   NAT detection payloads (such as Dead Peer Detection
>   messages). By modifying the outer addresses in

Hmm.. with issue 34, we are also allowing updates
from ESP packets..

>   these packets, the attackers can make the peers
>   believe a new NAT or a changed NAT binding exists
>   between them. The attack can continue as long as
>   the attacker is on the path, modifying packets. If this
>   is no longer the case, IKEv2 and MOBIKE mechanisms
>   designed to detect NAT mapping changes will eventually
>   recognize that the intended traffic is not getting through,
>   and update the addresses appropriately.
> 
> Does this work for everyone?
> 
Looks okay to me.

-mohan

> --Jari
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> Mobike@machshav.com
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Conclusion on issue 34
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Looks okay to me.

-mohan

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
To: "MOBIKE Mailing List" <mobike@machshav.com>
Sent: Tuesday, September 27, 2005 3:37 AM
Subject: [Mobike] Conclusion on issue 34


> Based on discussion, it appears that most people prefer
> the following:
> 
>    1) NAT-detection payload -based NAT reboot/change detection
>        as a complement to existing source address -based
>        mechanisms. This mechanism would be used if MOBIKE
>        is on, because otherwise MOBIKE probing would become
>        harder.
> 
>        Detection would be done by including NAT detection
>        payloads in dead peer detection messages.
> 
>        Existing source address -based detection is still allowed in
>        limited manner:  "MUST NOT do automatic update with
>        IKEv2 packets when MOBIKE is used (breaks the probing),
>        but you MAY do it for ESP packets."
> 
>    2) Use IKE messages for the path testing that is needed
>        in MOBIKE.
> 
> I have specifically left out the conclusion about whether
> to do return routability after a NAT change is detected.
> I'm hoping its covered by the policy that we already have
> for return routability usage. If people disagree about this
> we'll open a separate issue on it.
> 
> Also, it was brought up during the discussion that our
> charter talks about NAT traversal, requires us to not
> change IKEv2 NAT traversal but also requires us to
> document how they work together. There has been a
> discussion of how well the different alternative proposals
> follow the charter. We discussed this with Paul and
> concluded that its important we choose the solution
> that the group feels is the technically correct one.
> The charter requires us to document interactions,
> which we are doing. We also do not change anything
> in the regular NAT traversal behaviour, except that
> when both NAT traversal and MOBIKE are being
> used we need to handle source address changes
> in MOBIKE-compatible manner. We realize that
> any specification of the interaction that goes beyond
> ("they can be used completely independently" and
> "they can not be used together at all") is walking
> a fine line between complying and violating the
> charter. But we feel that in this case we are still
> reasonably within charter.
> 
> --Jari
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Sep 28 02:53:25 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 27 Sep 2005 16:12:46 EDT.
	<13E3DA8B48E17D4C96D261A36A23FCD69CF55D@xmb-rtp-208.amer.cisco.com> 
Date: Wed, 28 Sep 2005 08:52:24 +0200
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Cc: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com, Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>,
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   > => we are speaking about ESP so I don't understand the "with 
   > NATD payloads" (BTW with NATD payloads only the real source 
   > can put a fake address as they are protected).
   
   What I'm saying is that if I detect a NAT change at the ESP layer

=> how NAT-T/implicit update (ESP detection is a part of it) and
MOBIKE/explicit update can interfere is a closed point (which both
has no interest for me and does what you like).

   >    In fact, I'm beginning to think that ESP detection might cause more
   >    problems than it solves...
   >    
   > => ESP detection is in IKEv2, if you believe it you should 
   > have objected during the IKEv2 last call.
   
   I think we must be talking about different things.  I see nothing in the
   ikev2-17 that describes how NAT decisions are made using ESP packets.

=> it is at the end of 2.23 page 39:

      There are cases where a NAT box decides to remove mappings that
      are still alive (for example, the keepalive interval is too long,
      or the NAT box is rebooted). To recover in these cases, hosts that
      are not behind a NAT SHOULD send all packets (including
      retransmission packets) to the IP address and port from the last
      valid authenticated packet from the other end (i.e., dynamically
      update the address). A host behind a NAT SHOULD NOT do this
      because it opens a DoS attack possibility. Any authenticated IKE
      packet or any authenticated UDP encapsulated ESP packet can be
      used to detect that the IP address or the port has changed.

      Note that similar but probably not identical actions will likely
      be needed to make IKE work with Mobile IP, but such processing is
      not addressed by this document.

   All I see is text describing how to use ISAKMP NAT-D payloads to detect
   if a NAT box is present in the network.  The draft is rather large, so I
   may have missed it.  Can you point me to some text that describes how
   ESP pkts are used to detect a NAT, or a NAT mapping change?
   
=> now you have the text about NAT mapping change detection, including
IKE, ESP and implicit update. And in a past message in this list you
have the decision (and proposed text) about application of this in
a mixed NAT-T/MOBIKE context:
    References: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD305D@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>

    Based on discussion, it appears that most people prefer
    the following:

       1) NAT-detection payload -based NAT reboot/change detection
       as a complement to existing source address -based
       mechanisms. This mechanism would be used if MOBIKE
       is on, because otherwise MOBIKE probing would become
       harder.

       Detection would be done by including NAT detection
       payloads in dead peer detection messages.

       Existing source address -based detection is still allowed in
       limited manner:  "MUST NOT do automatic update with
       IKEv2 packets when MOBIKE is used (breaks the probing),
       but you MAY do it for ESP packets."

       2) Use IKE messages for the path testing that is needed
       in MOBIKE.

    I (Jari) have specifically left out the conclusion about whether
    to do return routability after a NAT change is detected.
    I'm hoping its covered by the policy that we already have
    for return routability usage. If people disagree about this
    we'll open a separate issue on it.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
_______________________________________________
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From: "Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)" <stephane@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal
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I had indeed missed that text.  Thanks.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr 
> [mailto:Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr] 
> Sent: Wednesday, September 28, 2005 2:52 AM
> To: Stephane Beaulieu (stephane)
> Cc: mobike@machshav.com; Jari Arkko; Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com; 
> Tero Kivinen
> Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 proposal 
> 
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    > => we are speaking about ESP so I don't understand the "with 
>    > NATD payloads" (BTW with NATD payloads only the real source 
>    > can put a fake address as they are protected).
>    
>    What I'm saying is that if I detect a NAT change at the ESP layer
> 
> => how NAT-T/implicit update (ESP detection is a part of it) 
> and MOBIKE/explicit update can interfere is a closed point 
> (which both has no interest for me and does what you like).
> 
>    >    In fact, I'm beginning to think that ESP detection 
> might cause more
>    >    problems than it solves...
>    >    
>    > => ESP detection is in IKEv2, if you believe it you should 
>    > have objected during the IKEv2 last call.
>    
>    I think we must be talking about different things.  I see 
> nothing in the
>    ikev2-17 that describes how NAT decisions are made using 
> ESP packets.
> 
> => it is at the end of 2.23 page 39:
> 
>       There are cases where a NAT box decides to remove mappings that
>       are still alive (for example, the keepalive interval is 
> too long,
>       or the NAT box is rebooted). To recover in these cases, 
> hosts that
>       are not behind a NAT SHOULD send all packets (including
>       retransmission packets) to the IP address and port from the last
>       valid authenticated packet from the other end (i.e., dynamically
>       update the address). A host behind a NAT SHOULD NOT do this
>       because it opens a DoS attack possibility. Any authenticated IKE
>       packet or any authenticated UDP encapsulated ESP packet can be
>       used to detect that the IP address or the port has changed.
> 
>       Note that similar but probably not identical actions will likely
>       be needed to make IKE work with Mobile IP, but such 
> processing is
>       not addressed by this document.
> 
>    All I see is text describing how to use ISAKMP NAT-D 
> payloads to detect
>    if a NAT box is present in the network.  The draft is 
> rather large, so I
>    may have missed it.  Can you point me to some text that 
> describes how
>    ESP pkts are used to detect a NAT, or a NAT mapping change?
>    
> => now you have the text about NAT mapping change detection, 
> including IKE, ESP and implicit update. And in a past message 
> in this list you have the decision (and proposed text) about 
> application of this in a mixed NAT-T/MOBIKE context:
>     References: 
> <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD305D@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
> 
>     Based on discussion, it appears that most people prefer
>     the following:
> 
>        1) NAT-detection payload -based NAT reboot/change detection
>        as a complement to existing source address -based
>        mechanisms. This mechanism would be used if MOBIKE
>        is on, because otherwise MOBIKE probing would become
>        harder.
> 
>        Detection would be done by including NAT detection
>        payloads in dead peer detection messages.
> 
>        Existing source address -based detection is still allowed in
>        limited manner:  "MUST NOT do automatic update with
>        IKEv2 packets when MOBIKE is used (breaks the probing),
>        but you MAY do it for ESP packets."
> 
>        2) Use IKE messages for the path testing that is needed
>        in MOBIKE.
> 
>     I (Jari) have specifically left out the conclusion about whether
>     to do return routability after a NAT change is detected.
>     I'm hoping its covered by the policy that we already have
>     for return routability usage. If people disagree about this
>     we'll open a separate issue on it.
> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
> 
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt (issue 40)
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Francis Dupont wrote:

>   I think we have a pending milestone change coming in any
>   case. E.g., what's the timeplan and interest for reduced
>   tunnel overhead and pfkey work? Should the transport doc
>   be in the milestones?
>   
>   I see the SCTP support as one of the use cases in the
>   charter, along with the main use case of roaming VPN
>   users. My understanding has been that we are not
>   required to cover everything that we need to do in
>   one document.
>
>=> so the issue is "closed" only for the current document?
>  
>
Right.

--Jari


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Cc: mobike@machshav.com, pekkas@netcore.fi
Subject: Re: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review
 (technical)	(issue 42)
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Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com wrote:

>Yes, this is something that probably deserves a slightly longer
>explanation (but I don't think we should spend too much time on
>it). How about this?
>
>1.3  MOBIKE and Network Address Translation (NAT)
>
>   In some MOBIKE scenarios the network may contain NATs or stateful
>   packet filters (for brevity, the rest of this document talks simply
>   about NATs).  The NAT Traversal feature specified in [IKEv2] allows
>   IKEv2 to work through NATs in many cases, and MOBIKE can leverage
>   this functionality: when the addresses used for IPsec SAs are
>   changed, MOBIKE can enable or disable IKEv2 NAT Traversal as needed.
>
>   Nevertheless, there are some limitations.  NATs usually introduce an
>   asymmetry in the network: packets reaching the NAT from the "inside"
>   are treated differently from packets coming from the "outside".  This
>   asymmetry leads to restrictions on what MOBIKE can do.  To give a
>   concrete example, consider a situation where both peers have only a
>   single address, and the initiator is behind a NAT.  If the
>   responder's address now changes, it needs to send a packet to the
>   initiator using its new address.  However, if the NAT is, for
>   instance, of the "restricted cone" type (see [STUN] for one
>   description of different NAT types), this is not possible: the NAT
>   will drop packets sent from the new address (unless the initiator has
>   previously sent a packet to that address -- which it cannot do until
>   it knows the address).
>
>   For simplicity, MOBIKE does not attempt to handle all possible NAT-
>   related scenarios.  Instead, MOBIKE assumes that if NATs are present,
>   the initiator is the party "behind" the NAT, and does not fully
>   support the case where the responder's addresses change.
>
>   "Does not fully support" means that no special effort is made to
>   support this functionality.  However, if the alternative is losing
>   connectivity completely, the responder can still attempt to proceed
>   with the change, and depending on, e.g., the exact type of NAT, it
>   may succeed.  However, analyzing the exact circumstances when this
>   will or will not work is not done in this document.
>  
>
Works for me.



>>==> "relatively long timeout intervals" is pretty ambiguous.
>>While this may not affect the interoperability, shouldn't we be
>>a bit more precise what kind of order of magnitude we're
>>talking about here?  Seconds?  Ten seconds?  30 sec?  Minutes?
>>10 minutes? Hours?
>>    
>>
>
>This is to some degree also a matter of local policy... but I
>guess it would be useful to at least give a reasonable example.
>
>Tero, do you have an opinion about what would a good
>recommendation be? Maybe something like
>
>   "While no specific timeout lengths are required, it is
>   suggested that responders continue retransmitting IKEv2
>   requests for at least five minutes before giving up."
>  
>
Ok. The key point is that the responder side should
not be aggressive in this regard.

>>   The data associated with this notification is the SHA-1 
>>   hash [FIPS180-2] of the following data:
>>
>>==> this spec is not algorithm-agile. (I can't find the ref
>>right now where this is encouraged.)  In this case, maybe it
>>doesn't need to be considering the impact (I don't take a
>>stance on that) -- but this probably deserves at least brief
>>discussion in the security considerations section.
>>    
>>
>
>This part is basically copied from IKEv2 NAT detection payloads,
>which also use SHA-1 (and IKEv2 spec didn't include any
>discussion about this either)....
>
>However, here the situation might actually be slightly different,
>since the security implications of NAT_DETECTION_*_IP payloads
>and NO_NATS_ALLOWED are different. The simplest solution might
>  
>
Right.

>be just to place the IP addresses in this payload (and mandate
>comparing them with the IP header)...
>  
>
That seems simplest.

--Jari


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Subject: Re: [Mobike] FW: external mobike-protocol-02 review
 (technical)	(issue 42)
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Replying my own e-mail...

>> a) some people will be (at least slightly) concerned that MOBIKE will 
>> reveal the internal topology of the site. This may or may not be a 
>> big issue (especially as probably the most IPsec sessions will go to 
>> at least semi-trusted nodes), but if we don't state it now, someone 
>> is going to invent a fancy MOBIKE "exploit" 5 years down the road. A 
>> sentence or two in a separate paragraph in Security Considerations 
>> section would probably be sufficient.
>
>
> Agreed. 

>> b) as the conveyed addresses are used for address selection, there 
>> might be issues with that. Let's say, the responder tells it has 
>> addresses 20.20.20.20 and 10.0.0.2. The initiator has 10.0.0.1, and 
>> possibly 30.30.30.30. The initiator and responder are in different 
>> sites (a NAT between them). Now the initiator's address selection 
>> policy might get skewed if it'd prefer particular kind of addresses.
>> This may be one issue where an explicit warning might be useful.
>
>
> Yes. I'd be even happier if we were able to know
> which addresses are behind a NAT, but...

Thinking about this further, it seems that sending the
addresses as they currently are is the least bad option
here, as long as we have sufficient warnings about that.

If we want to support multiple addresses for failover,
we need to inform the peer. Yet it would be quite
hard to test all these addresses, or pairs really, to
find out which one of them have a NAT towards the other
peer.

--Jari



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Folks,

Executive summary: please review the draft (URL at the end).

Longer version:

Pasi has produced a new version of the protocol specification
that we believe addresses all issues submitted so far. At this
stage the chairs believe that we are ready for Working Group
Last Call on this document. We have also agreed to be a part
of an experiment where RFC Editor copy editing process takes
place prior to the WGLC, IETF LC and IESG review, hopefully
reducing time needed after the draft has been approved,
and reducing the number of editorial comments later.

Here's our time plan:

- Draft -03 available now
- Next week the RFC editor processes the draft
- Official WGLC will start when the draft-04 returns back to us
  (but comments are welcome even now)
- WGLC will end by October 17th which leaves Pasi some
  time to edit the -05 before the Vancouver deadline
- Assuming all uncovered issues can be solved during WGLC,
  which we hope, -05 will be sent to IETF LC and the IESG

As you can see, we do not have too much time before the
final revision is needed. So it is essential that all of us
review the draft, provide comments, and participate in
the discussion of how possible problems are solved in
a timely manner. Now is a good time to start reading
the draft!

Here's the draft url:
http://www.arkko.com/publications/mobike/draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-03.txt

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IKEv2 Mobility and Multihoming Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: IKEv2 Mobility and Multihoming Protocol (MOBIKE)
	Author(s)	: P. Eronen
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-03.txt
	Pages		: 30
	Date		: 2005-9-29
	
This document describes the MOBIKE protocol, a mobility and
   multihoming extension to Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2).  MOBIKE
   allows hosts to update the (outer) IP addresses associated with IKEv2
   and IPsec Security Associations.  A mobile VPN client could use
   MOBIKE to keep the connection with the VPN gateway active while
   moving from one address to another.  Similarly, a multihomed host
   could use MOBIKE to move the traffic to a different interface if, for
   instance, the currently used one stops working.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-03.txt

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The -03 is now in the I-D directories, as you may have
seen from the announcements.

In the meanwhile, we have been informed that the
copy editing process may take some additional time
due to another document already being in the
same process at this time. This may set the
official WGLC start time to as far as October 10th.
As this leaves exactly two weeks until the I-D
deadline, our proposal is that we shorten the WGLC
by a few days to ensure that Pasi has time to edit
the resolutions in to the document. Note that
the technical content of the draft is already available,
so there should still be ample time for everyone
to read, comment, and discuss. If anyone thinks
otherwise, let the chairs know.

--Jari

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