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From: Karen O'Donoghue <odonoghue@isoc.org>
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Subject: [ntpwg] reminder and remote participation information for today's meeting
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Folks,

As previously discussed, there will be a face to face meeting of the 
tictoc wg here at IETF 81. Note that I am cross-posting this to the ntp 
wg as well as there is related discussions there.

For remote participation, there is an audio stream to listen and a 
jabber channel for submitting comments/questions. The easiest way to 
directly access the information is: http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/81/
General information is available at: 
http://www.ietf.org/meeting/81/remote-participation.html


IETF-81 TICTOC WG Agenda
========================

Thursday, 28 July 2011, 1520-1720 EDT
(1940 - 2140 UTC / 1220 - 1420 PDT)

1.   Administrivia and Agenda Bashing

2.   ITU-T SG15/Q13 update

3.   IPsec security for packet based synchronization
      draft-xu-tictoc-ipsec-security-for-synchronization-01

4.   Time Synchronization Protocol Security Requirements

5.   Precision Time Protocol Version 2 (PTPv2) Management Information Base
      draft-ietf-tictoc-ptp-mib-00

6.   Transporting PTP messages (1588) over MPLS Networks
      draft-ietf-tictoc-1588overmpls-01

7.   UDP Checksum Trailer in Timing Protocols
      draft-mizrahi-tictoc-checksum-trailer-00.txt

8.   Network Time Mechanisms for Improving Computer Clock Accuracy
      draft-marlow-tictoc-computer-clock-accuracy-00

9.   Additional NTP Discussion Topics

10.  Wrap-up / Way Forward

_______________________________________________
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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Stephen_R=F6ttger?= <s.roettger@tu-bs.de>
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Subject: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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Hello everyone,

Since the discussion about the Autokey-Protocol in June ended abruptly,
we want to inform you, that we finished our analysis of the protocol and
found several weaknesses, that render it completely useless.
Our analysis is in German, but if you are interested in it, we can
summarize the weaknesses for you.

In addition, we came up with some changes to the protocol, that mitigate
the vulnerabilities and would like to present you a revised
Autokey-protocol.
The changes are:

-Use the Clients Public Key used for cookie-encryption as input to the
cookie calculation. For example, calculate the Cookie as
  C =3D H(PubKey, ServerSeed).

-Change the length of Cookie and Server Seed from 32 to 128 bit.

-Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities

-Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole NTP-packet

-(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256

Regards,
Dieter Sibold and Stephen R=F6ttger
_______________________________________________
ntpwg mailing list
ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg

From ntpwg-bounces+ntp-archives-ahfae6za=lists.ietf.org@lists.ntp.org  Tue Aug  2 13:30:33 2011
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From: Greg Dowd <GDowd@symmetricom.com>
To: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Stephen_R=F6ttger?= <s.roettger@tu-bs.de>
Thread-Topic: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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Cc: NTP Working Group <ntpwg@lists.ntp.isc.org>
Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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Hi Stephen,
	I am very interested in your analysis.  Do you have any plans to publish t=
he results in English?  If not, are the results available in German?  I hav=
e a number of German colleagues and I may be able to ask them to translate =
the document for us.


Greg Dowd
gdowd at symmetricom dot com (antispam format)
Symmetricom, Inc.
www.symmetricom.com
"Everything should be made as simple as possible, but no simpler" Albert Ei=
nstein
-----Original Message-----
From: ntpwg-bounces+gdowd=3Dsymmetricom.com@lists.ntp.org [mailto:ntpwg-bou=
nces+gdowd=3Dsymmetricom.com@lists.ntp.org] On Behalf Of Stephen R=F6ttger
Sent: Tuesday, August 02, 2011 1:12 PM
To: NTP Working Group
Subject: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis

Hello everyone,

Since the discussion about the Autokey-Protocol in June ended abruptly,
we want to inform you, that we finished our analysis of the protocol and
found several weaknesses, that render it completely useless.
Our analysis is in German, but if you are interested in it, we can
summarize the weaknesses for you.

In addition, we came up with some changes to the protocol, that mitigate
the vulnerabilities and would like to present you a revised
Autokey-protocol.
The changes are:

-Use the Clients Public Key used for cookie-encryption as input to the
cookie calculation. For example, calculate the Cookie as
  C =3D H(PubKey, ServerSeed).

-Change the length of Cookie and Server Seed from 32 to 128 bit.

-Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities

-Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole NTP-packet

-(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256

Regards,
Dieter Sibold and Stephen R=F6ttger
_______________________________________________
ntpwg mailing list
ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg
_______________________________________________
ntpwg mailing list
ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg

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Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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On 8/2/2011 1:11 PM, Stephen R=F6ttger wrote:
> Hello everyone,
>
> Since the discussion about the Autokey-Protocol in June ended abruptly,
> we want to inform you, that we finished our analysis of the protocol and
> found several weaknesses, that render it completely useless
Yep...
> Our analysis is in German, but if you are interested in it, we can
> summarize the weaknesses for you.
>
> In addition, we came up with some changes to the protocol, that mitigate
> the vulnerabilities and would like to present you a revised
> Autokey-protocol.
> The changes are:
>
> -Use the Clients Public Key used for cookie-encryption as input to the
> cookie calculation. For example, calculate the Cookie as
>    C =3D H(PubKey, ServerSeed).
>
> -Change the length of Cookie and Server Seed from 32 to 128 bit.
Good
> -Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
> are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities
YES, but we also may want to integrate some OTPW type token controls as =

well.
> -Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole NTP-packet
YES
> -(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
> Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256
As long as you are allowing optional algs - then we should support ANY =

algs as well as HSM modules too.
> Regards,
> Dieter Sibold and Stephen R=F6ttger
> _______________________________________________
> ntpwg mailing list
> ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
> http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg
>


-- =

Todd S. Glassey
This is from my personal email account and any materials from this account =
come with personal disclaimers.

Further I OPT OUT of any and all commercial emailings.

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Hi Stephen and Dieter,

I'm interested in the paper and analysis.

I'd be happy to see at least a link to this paper on the support.ntp.org
site, and in another month I'd like to see it somewhere else (that I'll
talk about in 2-3 weeks' time).

H
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From: Rob Seaman <seaman@noao.edu>
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Hi,

A workshop has been organized to discuss the implications of the =
proposed redefinition of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).  See details =
below.  We would welcome the opportunity to consider contributions from =
the NTP community.  Ceasing leap seconds would have implications.  These =
implications have yet to be considered in detail.  The intent of the =
meeting is to begin to do so.

This topic has a broad natural community =
(http://davasobel.com/blog/?p=3D131), even if most stakeholders are =
unaware of it.  In addition to the astronomy and astronautics talks, =
there will be presentations such as on the vision and architecture of =
the 10,000 year clock (http://longnow.org/clock/) by one of their =
project engineers.  We will also have a talk and tour of the grand =
Analemmatic Sundial at Longwood Gardens (http://bit.ly/omBqrE) following =
the meeting.  Ken Seidelmann provided its accurate calibration; the =
ITU's redefinition of Coordinated Universal Time would render =
calibration rather a moot issue for this and all sundials.

Please forward this announcement as may seem appropriate.

Thanks!

Rob Seaman
NOAO
--

The chairs of "Decoupling Civil Timekeeping from Earth Rotation" =
encourage contributions to this upcoming meeting in Exton, PA (near =
Philadelphia) on October 5-6, 2011:

	http://futureofutc.org/

There will be a final vote at the International Telecommunication Union =
assembly in Geneva in January 2012 whether to cease issuing leap =
seconds. This will have significant implications for the astronomical =
and astronautical communities among others.  For more details the =
International Earth Rotation Service has circulated the announcement:

	http://data.iers.org/products/2/14839/orig/message_191.txt

Luminaries like Daniel Gambis (who oversees the leap seconds) and Ken =
Seidelmann (editor of the Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical =
Almanac) will be speaking.

For context, see the article in the current issue of American Scientist =
magazine:

	=
http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2011/4/the-future-of-time-=
utc-and-the-leap-second
	(preprint: http://arxiv.org/abs/1106.3141)

Rob Seaman
National Optical Astronomy Observatory
Tucson, AZ


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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; =
"><div>Hi,</div><div><br></div><div>A workshop has been organized to =
discuss the implications of the proposed redefinition of Coordinated =
Universal Time (UTC). &nbsp;See details below. &nbsp;We would welcome =
the opportunity to consider contributions from the NTP community. =
&nbsp;Ceasing leap seconds would have implications. &nbsp;These =
implications have yet to be considered in detail. &nbsp;The intent of =
the meeting is to begin to do so.<br></div><div><br></div><div>This =
topic has a broad natural community (<a =
href=3D"http://davasobel.com/blog/?p=3D131">http://davasobel.com/blog/?p=3D=
131</a>), even if most stakeholders are unaware of it. &nbsp;In addition =
to the astronomy and astronautics talks, there will be presentations =
such as on the vision and architecture of the 10,000 year clock (<a =
href=3D"http://longnow.org/clock/">http://longnow.org/clock/</a>) by one =
of their project engineers. &nbsp;We will also have a talk and tour of =
the grand Analemmatic Sundial at Longwood Gardens (<a =
href=3D"http://bit.ly/omBqrE">http://bit.ly/omBqrE</a>) following the =
meeting. &nbsp;Ken Seidelmann provided its accurate calibration; the =
ITU's redefinition of Coordinated Universal Time would render =
calibration rather a moot issue for this and all =
sundials.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Please forward this announcement =
as may seem appropriate.</div><br><div>Thanks!</div><br><div>Rob =
Seaman<br></div><div>NOAO</div><div>--</div><br><div>The chairs of =
"Decoupling Civil Timekeeping from Earth Rotation" encourage =
contributions to this upcoming meeting in Exton, PA (near Philadelphia) =
on October 5-6, 2011:<br></div><br><div><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space: pre; ">	</span><a =
href=3D"http://futureofutc.org/">http://futureofutc.org/</a><br></div><br>=
<div>There will be a final vote at the International Telecommunication =
Union assembly in Geneva in January 2012 whether to cease issuing leap =
seconds. This will have significant implications for the astronomical =
and astronautical communities among others. &nbsp;For more details the =
International Earth Rotation Service has circulated the =
announcement:<br></div><br><div><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space: pre; ">	</span><a =
href=3D"http://data.iers.org/products/2/14839/orig/message_191.txt">http:/=
/data.iers.org/products/2/14839/orig/message_191.txt</a><br></div><br><div=
>Luminaries like Daniel Gambis (who oversees the leap seconds) and Ken =
Seidelmann (editor of the Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical =
Almanac) will be speaking.<br></div><br><div>For context, see the =
article in the current issue of American Scientist =
magazine:<br></div><br><div><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space: pre; ">	</span><a =
href=3D"http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2011/4/the-future-=
of-time-utc-and-the-leap-second">http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/f=
eature/2011/4/the-future-of-time-utc-and-the-leap-second</a><br></div><div=
><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space: pre; ">	=
</span>(preprint:&nbsp;<a =
href=3D"http://arxiv.org/abs/1106.3141">http://arxiv.org/abs/1106.3141</a>=
)<br></div><br><div>Rob Seaman</div><div>National Optical Astronomy =
Observatory<br></div><div>Tucson, AZ</div><div><br></div></body></html>=

--Apple-Mail-100--994812343--

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On 8/2/2011 2:17 PM, Rob Seaman wrote:
> Hi,
>
> A workshop has been organized to discuss the implications of the 
> proposed redefinition of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).  See 
> details below.  We would welcome the opportunity to consider 
> contributions from the NTP community.  Ceasing leap seconds would have 
> implications.  These implications have yet to be considered in detail. 
>  The intent of the meeting is to begin to do so.
>
> This topic has a broad natural community 
> (http://davasobel.com/blog/?p=131), even if most stakeholders are 
> unaware of it.  In addition to the astronomy and astronautics talks, 
> there will be presentations such as on the vision and architecture of 
> the 10,000 year clock (http://longnow.org/clock/) by one of their 
> project engineers.  We will also have a talk and tour of the grand 
> Analemmatic Sundial at Longwood Gardens (http://bit.ly/omBqrE) 
> following the meeting.  Ken Seidelmann provided its accurate 
> calibration; the ITU's redefinition of Coordinated Universal Time 
> would render calibration rather a moot issue for this and all sundials.
>

Rob how does this pertain to the upcoming meeting at BIPM in October 2011?

todd
> Please forward this announcement as may seem appropriate.
>
> Thanks!
>
> Rob Seaman
> NOAO
> --
>
> The chairs of "Decoupling Civil Timekeeping from Earth Rotation" 
> encourage contributions to this upcoming meeting in Exton, PA (near 
> Philadelphia) on October 5-6, 2011:
>
> http://futureofutc.org/
>
> There will be a final vote at the International Telecommunication 
> Union assembly in Geneva in January 2012 whether to cease issuing leap 
> seconds. This will have significant implications for the astronomical 
> and astronautical communities among others.  For more details the 
> International Earth Rotation Service has circulated the announcement:
>
> http://data.iers.org/products/2/14839/orig/message_191.txt
>
> Luminaries like Daniel Gambis (who oversees the leap seconds) and Ken 
> Seidelmann (editor of the Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical 
> Almanac) will be speaking.
>
> For context, see the article in the current issue of American 
> Scientist magazine:
>
> http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2011/4/the-future-of-time-utc-and-the-leap-second
> (preprint: http://arxiv.org/abs/1106.3141)
>
> Rob Seaman
> National Optical Astronomy Observatory
> Tucson, AZ
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> ntpwg mailing list
> ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
> http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg


-- 
Todd S. Glassey
This is from my personal email account and any materials from this account come with personal disclaimers.

Further I OPT OUT of any and all commercial emailings.


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      http-equiv="Content-Type">
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    On 8/2/2011 2:17 PM, Rob Seaman wrote:
    <blockquote cite="mid:D3BCE64C-4492-42A5-AA57-22597C42A33C@noao.edu"
      type="cite">
      <div>Hi,</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>A workshop has been organized to discuss the implications of
        the proposed redefinition of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
        &nbsp;See details below. &nbsp;We would welcome the opportunity to
        consider contributions from the NTP community. &nbsp;Ceasing leap
        seconds would have implications. &nbsp;These implications have yet to
        be considered in detail. &nbsp;The intent of the meeting is to begin
        to do so.<br>
      </div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>This topic has a broad natural community (<a
          moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://davasobel.com/blog/?p=131">http://davasobel.com/blog/?p=131</a>),
        even if most stakeholders are unaware of it. &nbsp;In addition to the
        astronomy and astronautics talks, there will be presentations
        such as on the vision and architecture of the 10,000 year clock
        (<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://longnow.org/clock/">http://longnow.org/clock/</a>)
        by one of their project engineers. &nbsp;We will also have a talk and
        tour of the grand Analemmatic Sundial at Longwood Gardens (<a
          moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://bit.ly/omBqrE">http://bit.ly/omBqrE</a>)
        following the meeting. &nbsp;Ken Seidelmann provided its accurate
        calibration; the ITU's redefinition of Coordinated Universal
        Time would render calibration rather a moot issue for this and
        all sundials.<br>
      </div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    Rob how does this pertain to the upcoming meeting at BIPM in October
    2011?<br>
    <br>
    todd<br>
    <blockquote cite="mid:D3BCE64C-4492-42A5-AA57-22597C42A33C@noao.edu"
      type="cite">
      <div>Please forward this announcement as may seem appropriate.</div>
      <br>
      <div>Thanks!</div>
      <br>
      <div>Rob Seaman<br>
      </div>
      <div>NOAO</div>
      <div>--</div>
      <br>
      <div>The chairs of "Decoupling Civil Timekeeping from Earth
        Rotation" encourage contributions to this upcoming meeting in
        Exton, PA (near Philadelphia) on October 5-6, 2011:<br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a
          moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://futureofutc.org/">http://futureofutc.org/</a><br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div>There will be a final vote at the International
        Telecommunication Union assembly in Geneva in January 2012
        whether to cease issuing leap seconds. This will have
        significant implications for the astronomical and astronautical
        communities among others. &nbsp;For more details the International
        Earth Rotation Service has circulated the announcement:<br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a
          moz-do-not-send="true"
          href="http://data.iers.org/products/2/14839/orig/message_191.txt">http://data.iers.org/products/2/14839/orig/message_191.txt</a><br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div>Luminaries like Daniel Gambis (who oversees the leap seconds)
        and Ken Seidelmann (editor of the Explanatory Supplement to the
        Astronomical Almanac) will be speaking.<br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div>For context, see the article in the current issue of American
        Scientist magazine:<br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a
          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2011/4/the-future-of-time-utc-and-the-leap-second">http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/2011/4/the-future-of-time-utc-and-the-leap-second</a><br>
      </div>
      <div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>(preprint:&nbsp;<a
          moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1106.3141">http://arxiv.org/abs/1106.3141</a>)<br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <div>Rob Seaman</div>
      <div>National Optical Astronomy Observatory<br>
      </div>
      <div>Tucson, AZ</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <pre wrap="">
<fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
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<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg">http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg</a></pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Todd S. Glassey
This is from my personal email account and any materials from this account come with personal disclaimers. 

Further I OPT OUT of any and all commercial emailings. 
</pre>
  </body>
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Hi Todd,

> Rob how does this pertain to the upcoming meeting at BIPM in October 2011?

Hmm - lots of meetings.  For BIPM I see from:

	http://www.bipm.org/en/practical_info/diary/

two meetings in October, the 100th meeting of the CIPM and the 24th General Conference on Weights and Measures.  Are you referring to one of these?

Our meeting is sponsored by various organizations, but isn't a meeting of any of them if you get my drift.  We plan a discussion of engineering issues, not politics.  It seems about time (take the pun any way you like) to talk about impacts and remediation, requirements and risks, funding and infrastructure.  We'll publish the talks online and the proceedings via an established press.  The discussion to date (including the current Metrologia, free for the nonce at http://iopscience.iop.org/0026-1394/48/4), has been remarkably short on details of logistics, software, systems engineering and other pragmatic realities.

NTP is how time is delivered.  What kind of time will that be?

Rob Seaman
National Optical Astronomy Observatory
http://futureofutc.org

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On 8/2/2011 3:55 PM, Rob Seaman wrote:
> Hi Todd,
>
>> Rob how does this pertain to the upcoming meeting at BIPM in October 2011?
> Hmm - lots of meetings.  For BIPM I see from:
>
> 	http://www.bipm.org/en/practical_info/diary/
>
> two meetings in October, the 100th meeting of the CIPM and the 24th General Conference on Weights and Measures.
Yep - that's the one.
> Are you referring to one of these?
There is a motion to change several of the standards  definition up 
before the 24th and an ad hoc petition to qualify a new type of timing 
operations laboratory...

Todd

> Our meeting is sponsored by various organizations, but isn't a meeting of any of them if you get my drift.  We plan a discussion of engineering issues, not politics.  It seems about time (take the pun any way you like) to talk about impacts and remediation, requirements and risks, funding and infrastructure.  We'll publish the talks online and the proceedings via an established press.  The discussion to date (including the current Metrologia, free for the nonce at http://iopscience.iop.org/0026-1394/48/4), has been remarkably short on details of logistics, software, systems engineering and other pragmatic realities.
>
> NTP is how time is delivered.  What kind of time will that be?
>
> Rob Seaman
> National Optical Astronomy Observatory
> http://futureofutc.org
>
>


-- 
Todd S. Glassey
This is from my personal email account and any materials from this account come with personal disclaimers.

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On Aug 2, 2011, at 5:15 PM, todd glassy wrote:

> There is a motion to change several of the standards definition up before the 24th and an ad hoc petition to qualify a new type of timing operations laboratory...

Yes, I had heard something about that.  Are there links to said motion or petition?

That said, the CFP describing our meeting is at:

	http://www.cacr.caltech.edu/futureofutc/callforpapers.cfm

We welcome submissions related to NTP.  For instance, I rely on NTP to attach a UTC tag on thousands of astronomical images nightly from 30 or so singular cameras on a dozen telescopes on three remote mountaintops in both the northern and southern hemispheres.  It matters for a number of contingent use cases, both simple and esoteric, that UTC is actually Universal Time.

Rob Seaman
National Optical Astronomy Observatory
http://futureofutc.org

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Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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On 8/2/2011 4:11 PM, Stephen R=F6ttger wrote:
> Hello everyone,
> =

> Since the discussion about the Autokey-Protocol in June ended abruptly,

Sorry about that. It wasn't meant to leave this dragging. July tends to
be the start of a lot of people's holidays but you weren't forgotten. In
fact the subject was mentioned last week at the IETF Conference.

> we want to inform you, that we finished our analysis of the protocol and
> found several weaknesses, that render it completely useless.
> Our analysis is in German, but if you are interested in it, we can
> summarize the weaknesses for you.

It's really important to understand what these are. So if you can send
us a pointer to the paper even if in German and also tell us here what
you perceive the weaknesses are we can make a start on resolving the issues.

> =

> In addition, we came up with some changes to the protocol, that mitigate
> the vulnerabilities and would like to present you a revised
> Autokey-protocol.
> The changes are:
> =

> -Use the Clients Public Key used for cookie-encryption as input to the
> cookie calculation. For example, calculate the Cookie as
>   C =3D H(PubKey, ServerSeed).

Why do you think that it is necessary to go to all this trouble and
Where would the server get the client's public key?

> =

> -Change the length of Cookie and Server Seed from 32 to 128 bit.
> =

Fine but what does it really buy us?

> -Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
> are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities
> =


Does the PKI depend on reliable timm?

> -Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole NTP-packet
> =


You need a way to signal this.

> -(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
> Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256

This has already been raised as an issue. We believe it's just a minor
issue in the reference implementation and the protocol already supports
this. We don't believe that it is necessary to change the protocool for
this.

Danny
> =

> Regards,
> Dieter Sibold and Stephen R=F6ttger
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Cc: NTP Working Group <ntpwg@lists.ntp.isc.org>, dieter.sibold@ptb.de
Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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Greg,
Yes, there are plans to publish the results in english.
The german version is not public yet, but presumably will be in a few weeks.
However I can summarize the discovered vulnerabilities (mainly for
client-server-mode):

-The bitlenghts of the cookie and the server seed are only 32 Bit long.
This leads to an attacker being able to Brute Force them.
For example he can request a cookie from a server and try all 2^32
possibilites as server seed and calculate corresponding cookies. If he
finds one that matches the cookie he received from the server, he has
found the secret server seed and can consequently calculate cookies for
every client.
The same applies for brute-forcing the cookie. The attacker can
intercept a packet with a MAC and try to generate the MAC himself using
every possible of the 2^32 cookie-values, till he found the one that
matches.
For comparison, 2^32 MD5 calculations take roughly 25minutes on my
2,5ghz laptop using only one thread. (though cookie brute-forcing will
take 2 MD5 calculations for each try)

-The Identity Schemes (except the private certificate scheme) provide no
security.
The TC scheme accepts a certificate as that of a Trusted Authority if it
includes a extension 'CA=3DTrue'. Nothing prevents an attacker from
generating such a certificate himself.
We discovered a flaw in all three challenge-response identity schemes
(IFF, MV, GQ), that allowed us to send a response that would always be
accepted by the client. In addition, the challenge-response schemes
don't offer protection against a man-in-the-middle. Such an attacker
might just forward the clients challenge to the real server, get the
correct answer and again forward this to the client.

-The server identifies clients using their IP-Address (which is easily
forgable). An attacker can send a cookie request to the server using the
clients IP and the server will send the clients cookie to this IP
encrypted with the Public Key attached to the request. Since the
attacker chose this Public Key, he can intercept the response and
decrypt the cookie.
The cookie can then be used to calculate MACs and masquerade as the server.
(We wrote proof-of-concept code for this last attack and were able to
change a clients time as a man-in-the-middle)

Stephen

On 08/02/11 22:23, Greg Dowd wrote:
> Hi Stephen,
> 	I am very interested in your analysis.  Do you have any plans to publish=
 the results in English?  If not, are the results available in German?  I h=
ave a number of German colleagues and I may be able to ask them to translat=
e the document for us.
> =

> =

> Greg Dowd
> gdowd at symmetricom dot com (antispam format)
> Symmetricom, Inc.
> www.symmetricom.com
> "Everything should be made as simple as possible, but no simpler" Albert =
Einstein
> -----Original Message-----
> From: ntpwg-bounces+gdowd=3Dsymmetricom.com@lists.ntp.org [mailto:ntpwg-b=
ounces+gdowd=3Dsymmetricom.com@lists.ntp.org] On Behalf Of Stephen R=F6ttger
> Sent: Tuesday, August 02, 2011 1:12 PM
> To: NTP Working Group
> Subject: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
> =

> Hello everyone,
> =

> Since the discussion about the Autokey-Protocol in June ended abruptly,
> we want to inform you, that we finished our analysis of the protocol and
> found several weaknesses, that render it completely useless.
> Our analysis is in German, but if you are interested in it, we can
> summarize the weaknesses for you.
> =

> In addition, we came up with some changes to the protocol, that mitigate
> the vulnerabilities and would like to present you a revised
> Autokey-protocol.
> The changes are:
> =

> -Use the Clients Public Key used for cookie-encryption as input to the
> cookie calculation. For example, calculate the Cookie as
>   C =3D H(PubKey, ServerSeed).
> =

> -Change the length of Cookie and Server Seed from 32 to 128 bit.
> =

> -Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
> are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities
> =

> -Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole NTP-packet
> =

> -(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
> Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256
> =

> Regards,
> Dieter Sibold and Stephen R=F6ttger
> _______________________________________________
> ntpwg mailing list
> ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
> http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg

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Cc: ntpwg@lists.ntp.org, dieter.sibold@ptb.de
Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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Todd,

On 08/02/11 22:53, todd glassey wrote:
> On 8/2/2011 1:11 PM, Stephen R=F6ttger wrote:
[...]
>> -Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
>> are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities
> YES, but we also may want to integrate some OTPW type token controls as
> well.
Can you explain this further? Do you refer to the way how the
autokey-lists are generated (roughly after lamports otp-scheme)?
This seems to add protection only against forging of messages but no
additional protection against modification attacks.
>> -Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole
>> NTP-packet
> YES
>> -(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
>> Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256
> As long as you are allowing optional algs - then we should support ANY
> algs as well as HSM modules too.
We analyzed the use of MD5 and the simple MAC-Algorithm used
(H(key||packet)) and could not find any vulnerabilities in this, though
MD5 is known to provide no collision-resistance.
The security demands to the hash function include only, that it provides
preimage-resistance (which MD5 still does).
Changing the used algorithms would simply be to provide the possibility
of fips 140-2 compliance. I am not sure if this is needed though.

Stephen
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Cc: NTP Working Group <ntpwg@lists.ntp.org>, dieter.sibold@ptb.de
Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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Harlan,

as I wrote to Greg, the german paper is not yet public and we plan to
release it in a few weeks.
But I hope the summary in my mail to Greg will give an idea of the
vulnerabilities.

Stephen

On 08/02/11 23:04, Harlan Stenn wrote:
> Hi Stephen and Dieter,
> 
> I'm interested in the paper and analysis.
> 
> I'd be happy to see at least a link to this paper on the support.ntp.org
> site, and in another month I'd like to see it somewhere else (that I'll
> talk about in 2-3 weeks' time).
> 
> H

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Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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On 08/03/11 06:00, Danny Mayer wrote:
> On 8/2/2011 4:11 PM, Stephen R=F6ttger wrote:
[...]
>> The changes are:
>>
>> -Use the Clients Public Key used for cookie-encryption as input to the
>> cookie calculation. For example, calculate the Cookie as
>>   C =3D H(PubKey, ServerSeed).
> =

> Why do you think that it is necessary to go to all this trouble and
Please see my third point in my mail to greg.
Since the server holds no state about clients, he has no way of checking
that consecutive requests from an IP-address belong to the same client.
Therefor, an attacker can spoof his IP to that of a client and can
request the corresponding cookie from the server.
If the public key is included in this calculation, he will either not
get the same cookie as the client does or he will not be able to decrypt it.
> Where would the server get the client's public key?
The Client would have to attach it's public key to every request.
As a side note:
Since the length of the public key would cause the MAC calculation to
use at least one additional Round of the used hash-function, it could be
switched to the hash of the public key:
	C =3D H(H(PubKey), ServerSeed)
In this case there would be no additional overhead to the MAC-calculation.
> =

>>
>> -Change the length of Cookie and Server Seed from 32 to 128 bit.
>>
> Fine but what does it really buy us?
Again, please see point 1 in my mail to greg.
A 32-bit cookie and server seed can be easily brute-forced by an attacker.
> =

>> -Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
>> are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities
>>
> =

> Does the PKI depend on reliable timm?
That is an interesting question.
The public key infrastructure used by SSL/TLS relies on certificate
revocation lists and expiration dates.
Expiration Dates can obviously not be verified before having doing the
time synchronisation, but that seems to be a chicken-or-egg problem.
> =

>> -Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole NTP-pack=
et
>>
> =

> You need a way to signal this.
> =

>> -(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
>> Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256
> =

> This has already been raised as an issue. We believe it's just a minor
> issue in the reference implementation and the protocol already supports
> this. We don't believe that it is necessary to change the protocool for
> this.
Yes, we also think that this is not critical.
> =

> Danny
>>
>> Regards,
>> Dieter Sibold and Stephen R=F6ttger

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Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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On 8/2/2011 9:00 PM, Danny Mayer wrote:
> On 8/2/2011 4:11 PM, Stephen R=F6ttger wrote:
>> Hello everyone,
>>
>> Since the discussion about the Autokey-Protocol in June ended abruptly,
> Sorry about that. It wasn't meant to leave this dragging. July tends to
> be the start of a lot of people's holidays but you weren't forgotten. In
> fact the subject was mentioned last week at the IETF Conference.
>
>> we want to inform you, that we finished our analysis of the protocol and
>> found several weaknesses, that render it completely useless.
>> Our analysis is in German, but if you are interested in it, we can
>> summarize the weaknesses for you.
> It's really important to understand what these are. So if you can send
> us a pointer to the paper even if in German and also tell us here what
> you perceive the weaknesses are we can make a start on resolving the issu=
es.
>
>> In addition, we came up with some changes to the protocol, that mitigate
>> the vulnerabilities and would like to present you a revised
>> Autokey-protocol.
>> The changes are:
>>
>> -Use the Clients Public Key used for cookie-encryption as input to the
>> cookie calculation. For example, calculate the Cookie as
>>    C =3D H(PubKey, ServerSeed).
> Why do you think that it is necessary to go to all this trouble
As to why, it brings NTP into compliance as another tool using the x509 =

identity control models.  This means that parties running NTP as a part =

of a larger practice can use the same identity sets for everything =

making this model more easily audited.
> and
> Where would the server get the client's public key?

As to how , there are any number of ways this can be resolved including =

a new Key Lookup Request Type fo' verifying 'right to connect' type acl =

controls.
>> -Change the length of Cookie and Server Seed from 32 to 128 bit.
>>
> Fine but what does it really buy us?
A better and larger key seed (or nonce) .
>> -Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
>> are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities
>>
> Does the PKI depend on reliable timm?
It would depend on how long the cert is valid for so yes it can

>> -Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole NTP-pack=
et
>>
> You need a way to signal this.
>
Agreed but its doable.
>

>> Dieter Sibold and Stephen R=F6ttger
> _______________________________________________
> ntpwg mailing list
> ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
> http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg
>


-- =

Todd S. Glassey
This is from my personal email account and any materials from this account =
come with personal disclaimers.

Further I OPT OUT of any and all commercial emailings.

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On 8/2/2011 7:06 PM, Rob Seaman wrote:
> On Aug 2, 2011, at 5:15 PM, todd glassy wrote:
>
>> There is a motion to change several of the standards definition up before the 24th and an ad hoc petition to qualify a new type of timing operations laboratory...
> Yes, I had heard something about that.  Are there links to said motion or petition?
>
> That said, the CFP describing our meeting is at:
>
> 	http://www.cacr.caltech.edu/futureofutc/callforpapers.cfm
>
> We welcome submissions related to NTP.  For instance, I rely on NTP to attach a UTC tag on thousands of astronomical images nightly from 30 or so singular cameras on a dozen telescopes on three remote mountaintops in both the northern and southern hemispheres.
Cool - I used to write code for nuclear event imaging and analysis at 
SLAC so this application is one which is near and dear to my heart...  
We  used to need to tag the images to within picoseconds to properly 
simulate the events in the analysis system (for both the 40" Hydrogen 
Bubble Chamber and the SPEAR collider).
>   It matters for a number of contingent use cases, both simple and esoteric,
You mean "of legal nature" or more esoteric than that?
> that UTC is actually Universal Time.
I agree - I am working with several governmental groups outside of NIST 
to ensure reliable time is available for securities and banking.  But 
what you are really looking for is a TIMESTAMPING SOLUTION WHICH USES A 
REFERENCE CLOCK INSTEAD OF THE HOST OS... this would allow for the 
timestamping of the images from a centralized location including across 
International Borders.

We have NTP running as a time-stamp server now if you want more info. We 
also have this code running in a a vanilla nVidia GPU - as in "an 
off-the-shelf graphics card" and the performance smokes.

This is important since I am now locked in a patent fraud litigation 
with Symmetricom which if they lose likely makes them a wholly owned 
division of "my fat arse", but either way means there shareholders are 
likely to carve their board a new rectum in the process.

Todd
> Rob Seaman
> National Optical Astronomy Observatory
> http://futureofutc.org
>
>


-- 
Todd S. Glassey
This is from my personal email account and any materials from this account come with personal disclaimers.

Further I OPT OUT of any and all commercial emailings.

_______________________________________________
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On 8/3/2011 12:19 PM, todd glassey wrote:

> This is important since I am now locked in a patent fraud litigation

Please keep this offlist. This needs to be handled by the lawyers from
both sides and a judge. It has no place here.

Danny
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On Aug 3, 2011, at 9:19 AM, todd glassey wrote:

> Cool - I used to write code for nuclear event imaging and analysis at SLAC so this application is one which is near and dear to my heart...  We  used to need to tag the images to within picoseconds to properly simulate the events in the analysis system (for both the 40" Hydrogen Bubble Chamber and the SPEAR collider).

High precision is only one possible class of requirement.  Accurate agreement with an external standard (in this case the orientation of the Earth) is another.  Some projects need both, for instance radio interferometers or neutrino telescopes.

>>  It matters for a number of contingent use cases, both simple and esoteric,
> 
> You mean "of legal nature" or more esoteric than that?

Legal issues don't bear (much) on pure scientific research such as astronomy.  We do timestamp images to control proprietary access, generally for something like an 18-month period.  Rather the interpretation of observational data depends on the specification of the location of the observer as well as the target.  Both ground-based and space-based telescopes are themselves in motion.  Universal Time is embedded in endless ways in the software and logistics.  UTC provides a convenient way to get UT.  NTP provides a convenient way to get UTC.

For instance we relied on NTP in the mid-90s for an asteroseismological (good scrabble word if it fits on the board) experiment that extended over several months such that the light travel correction varied from night-to-night due to the motion of the Earth.  The entire set of 40,000 spectra is locked to a 60s heliocentric cadence with about 0.01s precision/accuracy.  NTP tamed the system clock and UTC provided both the precision of an atomic timescale and the accuracy needed for Earth orientation.

That said, civil timekeeping is responsive to much broader requirements, legal, historical, cultural, logistical, navigational, etc, that themselves may derive from mean solar time and thus impact UTC as currently known.

>> that UTC is actually Universal Time.
> 
> I agree - I am working with several governmental groups outside of NIST to ensure reliable time is available for securities and banking.  But what you are really looking for is a TIMESTAMPING SOLUTION WHICH USES A REFERENCE CLOCK INSTEAD OF THE HOST OS... this would allow for the timestamping of the images from a centralized location including across International Borders.

Well, no.  I'm perfectly happy with NTP.  For one thing these many cameras on remote mountaintops were built by different institutions at times stretching back more than a quarter of a century.  The data acquisition systems run on something like 10 different operating systems and legacy hardware (eg, SunOS Sparcs with S11W cards emulating even older DEC interfaces).  NTP is one of the few tools I can count on being supported on all platforms.  It is typically the case that each camera itself has its own reference clock as you describe.  These break in weird and wonderful ways (one camera needs to be reset every three days or there's a clock buffer overflow) and the host/NTP timestamp is instrumental in detecting and correcting the issues and in tying these very different systems together into a coherent system of systems passing calendar date and epoch tokens back to the central data archive.

Since telescope time is a valuable resource and since network access to remote locations in the Andes will always remain fragile (consider earthquakes in Chile), it is also a requirement that a clock local to the telescope dome be used.  NTP is robust against network downtime - meaning I have never needed to worry about the strata sorting themselves out when the network comes back up.  Even if the commercial power is down to half the mountain, a particular camera can take useful on-sky or calibration data as long as the instrument and data acquisition computer can run off the generator (even if the GPS clock - and central data archive - in some other building is down, for instance).

NTP is swell.

Rob Seaman
National Optical Astronomy Observatory
http://futureofutc.org

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Cc: ntpwg@lists.ntp.org, dieter.sibold@ptb.de
Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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On 8/3/2011 6:01 AM, Stephen R=F6ttger wrote:
> Todd,
>
> On 08/02/11 22:53, todd glassey wrote:
>> On 8/2/2011 1:11 PM, Stephen R=F6ttger wrote:
> [...]
>>> -Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
>>> are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities
>> YES, but we also may want to integrate some OTPW type token controls as
>> well.
> Can you explain this further? Do you refer to the way how the
> autokey-lists are generated (roughly after lamports otp-scheme)?
yes but we did a key exchange system called BLUNT TUNNELING back at =

Coastek for the collapsed TCP/IP stack (it ran in the User Space instead =

of OS/System Space) and that would work rather well here I think.
> This seems to add protection only against forging of messages but no
> additional protection against modification attacks.
Yes I agree - but this was an original design consideration which we are =

paying for now.
>>> -Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole
>>> NTP-packet
>> YES
>>> -(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
>>> Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256
>> As long as you are allowing optional algs - then we should support ANY
>> algs as well as HSM modules too.
> We analyzed the use of MD5 and the simple MAC-Algorithm used
> (H(key||packet)) and could not find any vulnerabilities in this, though
> MD5 is known to provide no collision-resistance.
>
Agreed, but the v3 of the NSA SUITE-B tools would be what I was looking =

at.  Possibly also some of Suite-A v1... To do this we need an open =

interface for the crypt subsystem.  Also building the sense of COI's =

(Communities of Interest) into the package would help.

As another option RFC 2522 key management could be interesting as well.

> The security demands to the hash function include only, that it provides
> preimage-resistance (which MD5 still does).
yes...
> Changing the used algorithms would simply be to provide the possibility
> of fips 140-2 compliance. I am not sure if this is needed though.
it is... trust me on that. So is a full end-to-end CODE BLUEPRINTING =

which is the last step in a Release Engineering effort (at least in the =

ones who worked for me). The BP was a formal trace run and security =

analysis which documented each thread and its actions within the code =

when called.
> Stephen
>


-- =

Todd S. Glassey
This is from my personal email account and any materials from this account =
come with personal disclaimers.

Further I OPT OUT of any and all commercial emailings.

_______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Autokey-Protocol Analysis
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Stephen,

Thanks for your contributions in a security analysis of the Autokey =

protocol, although it might have wider appeal in English. As it is, my =

German is decidedly rusty, but I could translate if necessary. =

Meanwhile, I have further refined my own analysis in the white paper  =

Security Analysis of the NTP Protocol =

http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/security.html, which includes probably =

the same vulnerabilities as you report.
My analysis and most probably yours, identify two serious middleman =

hazards, what I call the cookie snatcher and propaganda attacks. The =

former is a tough one to fix and may yield to your insights, but I am =

confused by your suggested fix. Any true fix has to consider both the =

server private value and some sort of client private value, perhaps the =

host encryption key.

For others that might be reading this message and for historical =

context, the original Autokey design was circa 1996 as documented in an =

internal report. Subsequently in the early 2000s the design was reviewed =

by the STIME task force, which resulted in a revised specification in =

late 2005. That document was submitted as an informational RFC and =

eventually published five years later as RFC 5906. That RFC is intend as =

target practice and a possible starting point for new algorithms. One =

might observe this protocol is fifteen years old and the specification =

was last reviewed in 2005. In any case, the existing code is =

specifically designed in a modular fashion and can be removed and =

replaced in whole or in part with evolved algorithms.

Note that our current discussion is on client/server mode that might be =

used by a national time server network. However, the algorithms and =

protocol also have to work in both basic and interleaved modes, and in =

symmetric and broadcast modes. The algorithms and protocol also have to =

support multiple security groups, as defined in the specification.  I =

suspect your analysis does not consider these modes, but mine does. =

There continues to be issues in the initial volley in broadcast mode, =

where the present code does not precisely calibrate the roundtrip delay. =

Corrections for this are included, along with a careful analysis, in the =

white paper Analysis and Simulation of the NTP On-Wire Protocols =

http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/onwire.html.

There is a serious disconnect about the design intent of the protocol. =

It was designed to operate with no assistive infrastructure at all. The =

DNS is not necessary and there are no provision for certificate =

verification other than the trusted host, for example a national time =

server,. While not the original motivation for this model, it is =

appropriate for the Mars spacecraft model suggested in Chapter 17 of my =

book. Since the light time between Mars and Earth can be as much as 40 =

minutes, access to Earth infrastructure is highly awkward.  Even so, the =

certificate format conforms to X.500v3 and the certificate trail is =

verified as in conformant PKI practice.

Your suggestion about signing the entire NTP packet has bee considered =

before. However, a constraint you might have observed is that, except =

for the glaring case of the cookie request, signatures are always =

computed offline. Signing something in a flux of 3000 requests per =

second is not an option..

Meanwhile, your suggestion on server cookie length and hash algorithm =

are highly useful. Cookie length is easy to change, although it raises =

backward compatibility issues. As you might have noticed in recent =

documentation, selection of any hash algorithm supported by the OpenSSL =

library is now possible.

I suspect there is not much more to say, so I recommend these issues be =

raised and discussed by the working group at an upcoming IETF meeting. I =

can't volunteer to do much, as my eyesight is dwindling to nothing and =

messing with code is impractical.

Dave

Stephen R=F6ttger wrote:

>Hello everyone,
>
>Since the discussion about the Autokey-Protocol in June ended abruptly,
>we want to inform you, that we finished our analysis of the protocol and
>found several weaknesses, that render it completely useless.
>Our analysis is in German, but if you are interested in it, we can
>summarize the weaknesses for you.
>
>In addition, we came up with some changes to the protocol, that mitigate
>the vulnerabilities and would like to present you a revised
>Autokey-protocol.
>The changes are:
>
>-Use the Clients Public Key used for cookie-encryption as input to the
>cookie calculation. For example, calculate the Cookie as
>  C =3D H(PubKey, ServerSeed).
>
>-Change the length of Cookie and Server Seed from 32 to 128 bit.
>
>-Replace the Identity Schemes with a common X.509 PKI, where the Clients
>are in possession of certificates of Trusted Authorities
>
>-Let the Signature included in extension fields cover the whole NTP-packet
>
>-(optional) use HMAC for MAC-calculation and switch the used
>Hash-Algorithms to SHA-256
>
>Regards,
>Dieter Sibold and Stephen R=F6ttger
>_______________________________________________
>ntpwg mailing list
>ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
>http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg
>  =

>

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Dave,
   A while back in an email thread you pointed out that our ID (draft-marlow-tictoc-computer-clock-accuracy-00.txt) only addressed interleaved broadcast and did not include interleaved symmetric mode and that a lot of the detail information is in your book.  We bought the book and have learned a lot particularly in section 16.6 where you have measurement data for interleave mode operation.  Your Backroom LAN example is similar to the experiments we ran.  We had some questions:

1) In your Backroom LAN example the GPS clock server ran in client/server mode with clients Macabre and Mort.  Would you expect better accuracy if client/server mode is used (as you did) versus if interleave broadcast mode were used between this server and these two clients?  

2)Similar in your Campus LAN example you used client/server mode in some of the operations versus using interleave broadcast, where is client/server mode better than interleave broadcast to use?

3) In your Backroom LAN example, Macabre and Mort ran interleaved symmetric mode between each other.  Would not the dominant synchronization factor come from the GPS clock server, given its lower stratum number?  Is the interleaved symmetric mode exchanges providing a secondary effect to keep these two together?

  Dave 


-----Original Message-----
From: tictoc-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tictoc-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Karen O'Donoghue
Sent: Wednesday, June 08, 2011 23:10
To: NTP Working Group; tictoc@ietf.org
Subject: [TICTOC] Fwd: Re: [ntpwg] Fwd: reminder for remote participation in today's tictoc meeting

Folks,

This came to me personally, and I neglected to send it on to the ntp and tictoc wg lists. My apologies for the delay. The question before us is whether or not the interleave capability should be properly documented and where the resources will come from to complete the effort. 

Karen

-------- Original Message -------- 
Subject: 	Re: [ntpwg] Fwd: [TICTOC] reminder for remote participation in today's tictoc meeting	 
Date: 	Tue, 12 Apr 2011 18:18:43 +0000	 
From: 	David L. Mills <mills@udel.edu> <mailto:mills@udel.edu> 	 
To: 	kodonog@pobox.com	 


Karen,

The following is in response to the ID you distributed. I offer it as a candidate for distribution to th eWG members.

Dave

This internet draft describes experiments using the interleaved broadcast mode recently incorporated in the NTP reference implementation. The experiments do not include the interleaved symmetric mode, which provides similar functionality in peer-to-peer configurations. For reference, these modes, their relevance to PTP and related information are discussed in detail in Chapters 15 through 17 of the book "Network Time Synchronization - the Network Time Protocol on Earth and in Space, Second Edition, CRC Press 2011, as cited on my web page www.eedis.udel.edu/~mills <http://www.eedis.udel.edu/%7Emills> . However, most of the information relevant to the followings discussion can be found in the white papers at www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/ntp.html <http://www.eecis.udel.edu/%7Emills/ntp.html> . Of particular interest are the documents "Analysis and Simulation of the NTP On-Wire Protocol" and "Security Analysis of the NTP Protocol." Both of these documents represent an update since t
 he book was published late last year.

Readers may wonder why these documents have not been published as an update to the protocol specification RFC-5905, which would have been the expectation several years ago in the adolescent Internet. However, the effort necessary to publish an ID with figures, tables and equations is nowadays simply unacceptable. My experience with RFC-5905 and RFC-5906 over the last five years of publishing effort is not sustainable. Thus, unless some collaboration, perhaps the TICTOC working group, chose to publish them as IDs, I will not commit that adventure myself.

First some nomenclature that may help in the following discussion. Timestamps captured for the clock discipline are classed as hardstamps, drivestamps and softstamps. Softstamps are captured during the course of user-space processing; they may be corrupted by operating system and device latencies, as well as transmission delays. Drivestamps are captured during the packet interrupt routines, so are much less affected by operating system scheduling and competition with other programs. Hardstamps are captured by dedicated hardware means, typically in the PHY layer of the network interface card (NIC). While the details vary, the typical intercept point is the media independent interface (MII), which monitors the frame level interface on a character by character basis. The capture means is usuallt a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) that parses the packeet, inserts timestamp data and recomputes the UDP checksum.

The interleaved capability was originally not intended for NTP, but for the Proximity-1 protocol specified by the Consultive Committee on Space Data systems (CCSDS). The Proximity-1 protocol is designed for communication between spacecraft in the vicinity of Mars and for future missions in the vicinity of the Moon. Space data links are often operated at very low data rates compared to typical Ethernet links. Typical rates range from 1 kb/s to 256 kb/s with very different data rates in each direction. Due to various queuing and transmission operations, the output delay can reach 30 s, so it is imparities that timestamps be captured close to the PHY layer. In the Proximity-1 desing, hardstamps are captured upon the passage of the ASM code combination at the beginning of each transmitted frame..

Queuing and transmission delays are not the only contributors to space data link delay. Reed-Solomon and convolutional encoding delays can be a large contribution to the link delay; however, these delays are a constant contribution to the lightwave transmission delay. These contributions - up to many seconds - can dwarf the lightwave transmission delays.

In the NTP interleaved design, drivestamps are captured in the device interrupt routine - on input immediately after the frame has been received and before copying to an input buffer; on output shortly after the frame has been transmitted and before the buffer is released for the following input or output frame. This can become rather awkward in the case of NICs of the PCNET architecture, as data are copied directly from user space to device buffers directed by DMA descriptors. Drivestamps have been used on input for many years, but for output this is possible only using the interleaved modes. The result avoids the latencies due to the message digest computation, Autokey protocol data units, output queuing and frame transmissions, typically some 10-40 microseconds.

It should be obvious from the documents that a primary motivation for the NTP interleaved design was protection from network errors and intruder attack. The detailed analysis and simulation are designed to demonstrate resistance to common corruptions such as dropped or duplicate packets and possible bogus attacks. The NTP design includes a four-level security model, the lower two levels might be considered for a PTP application. This is one of the most important difference between the PTP and NTP protocol designs; however, the NTP design might be considered overkill in a sheltered, isolated Ethernet network.

Careful observers may notice an interesting anomaly with the interleaved broadcast mode. The preliminary volley intended to measure the roundtrip time uses basic mode, not interleaved mode. The reason for this requires some explanation. In times of old, the dominant concern was the 6-bone, an international consortium of multicast application developers. In that context with historic multicast configurations, including DVMRP and PIM, the multicast spanning tree was far different than the unicast spanning tree. Therefore, the preliminary volley was important to estimate the offset of the multicast server to the multicast client and thus the apparent one-way delay. In principle, with adroit protocolmanship, it would be possible to change the protocol to measure the interleaved roundtrip delay, which would be more appropriate for modern high-speed Ethernet networks.

Karen O'Donoghue wrote:




	-------- Original Message -------- 
Subject: 	[TICTOC] reminder for remote participation in today's tictoc meeting	 
Date: 	Thu, 31 Mar 2011 09:56:35 +0200	 
From: 	Karen O'Donoghue <odonoghue@isoc.org> <mailto:odonoghue@isoc.org> 	 
Reply-To: 	odonoghue@isoc.org	 
Organization: 	ISOC	 
To: 	tictoc@ietf.org, NTP Working Group <ntpwg@lists.ntp.org> <mailto:ntpwg@lists.ntp.org> 	 


	Folks,
	
	This is a reminder that the tictoc working group will meet today from 
	17:40 - 19:40 CEST (15:40 - 17:40 UTC). The tools agenda for the IETF 
	meeting (http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/80/) has links for the drafts, 
	presentations, jabber chat room, and audio streaming to facilitate 
	remote participation.
	
	Regards,
	Karen
	
	_______________________________________________
	TICTOC mailing list
	TICTOC@ietf.org
	https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tictoc
	  
	
________________________________


	_______________________________________________
	ntpwg mailing list
	ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
	http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg



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From: "David L. Mills" <mills@udel.edu>
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To: "Marlow, David T CIV NSWCDD, W64" <david.marlow@navy.mil>
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Cc: ntpwg@lists.ntp.org, tictoc@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [ntpwg] Renamed: Interleave Questions
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David,

The campus and backroom experiments were designed to measure the 
magnitude of the queuing and transmission components of the roundtrip 
delay and only secondarily to maintain synchronization.. In any case, 
measurement of these delays in client/server mode is not possible, as 
the server keeps no state. The GPS receivers used in the experiments do 
not support either broadcast mode or symmetric mode in either the basic 
or interleaved variants.

While measurement of the output queuing and transmission delays is 
possible in interleaved modes, it is not possible to measure the input 
processing delay, which is significant in the Solaris operating system 
implementation. I suspect this can be determined using the Solaris 
DTrace  measurement tools, but so far this has not been done.

Dave,,

David T CIV NSWCDD, W64 wrote:

>Dave,
>   A while back in an email thread you pointed out that our ID (draft-marlow-tictoc-computer-clock-accuracy-00.txt) only addressed interleaved broadcast and did not include interleaved symmetric mode and that a lot of the detail information is in your book.  We bought the book and have learned a lot particularly in section 16.6 where you have measurement data for interleave mode operation.  Your Backroom LAN example is similar to the experiments we ran.  We had some questions:
>
>1) In your Backroom LAN example the GPS clock server ran in client/server mode with clients Macabre and Mort.  Would you expect better accuracy if client/server mode is used (as you did) versus if interleave broadcast mode were used between this server and these two clients?  
>
>2)Similar in your Campus LAN example you used client/server mode in some of the operations versus using interleave broadcast, where is client/server mode better than interleave broadcast to use?
>
>3) In your Backroom LAN example, Macabre and Mort ran interleaved symmetric mode between each other.  Would not the dominant synchronization factor come from the GPS clock server, given its lower stratum number?  Is the interleaved symmetric mode exchanges providing a secondary effect to keep these two together?
>
>  Dave 
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: tictoc-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tictoc-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Karen O'Donoghue
>Sent: Wednesday, June 08, 2011 23:10
>To: NTP Working Group; tictoc@ietf.org
>Subject: [TICTOC] Fwd: Re: [ntpwg] Fwd: reminder for remote participation in today's tictoc meeting
>
>Folks,
>
>This came to me personally, and I neglected to send it on to the ntp and tictoc wg lists. My apologies for the delay. The question before us is whether or not the interleave capability should be properly documented and where the resources will come from to complete the effort. 
>
>Karen
>
>-------- Original Message -------- 
>Subject: 	Re: [ntpwg] Fwd: [TICTOC] reminder for remote participation in today's tictoc meeting	 
>Date: 	Tue, 12 Apr 2011 18:18:43 +0000	 
>From: 	David L. Mills <mills@udel.edu> <mailto:mills@udel.edu> 	 
>To: 	kodonog@pobox.com	 
>
>
>Karen,
>
>The following is in response to the ID you distributed. I offer it as a candidate for distribution to th eWG members.
>
>Dave
>
>This internet draft describes experiments using the interleaved broadcast mode recently incorporated in the NTP reference implementation. The experiments do not include the interleaved symmetric mode, which provides similar functionality in peer-to-peer configurations. For reference, these modes, their relevance to PTP and related information are discussed in detail in Chapters 15 through 17 of the book "Network Time Synchronization - the Network Time Protocol on Earth and in Space, Second Edition, CRC Press 2011, as cited on my web page www.eedis.udel.edu/~mills <http://www.eedis.udel.edu/%7Emills> . However, most of the information relevant to the followings discussion can be found in the white papers at www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/ntp.html <http://www.eecis.udel.edu/%7Emills/ntp.html> . Of particular interest are the documents "Analysis and Simulation of the NTP On-Wire Protocol" and "Security Analysis of the NTP Protocol." Both of these documents represent an update since 
 th!
>!
>e book was published late last year.
>
>Readers may wonder why these documents have not been published as an update to the protocol specification RFC-5905, which would have been the expectation several years ago in the adolescent Internet. However, the effort necessary to publish an ID with figures, tables and equations is nowadays simply unacceptable. My experience with RFC-5905 and RFC-5906 over the last five years of publishing effort is not sustainable. Thus, unless some collaboration, perhaps the TICTOC working group, chose to publish them as IDs, I will not commit that adventure myself.
>
>First some nomenclature that may help in the following discussion. Timestamps captured for the clock discipline are classed as hardstamps, drivestamps and softstamps. Softstamps are captured during the course of user-space processing; they may be corrupted by operating system and device latencies, as well as transmission delays. Drivestamps are captured during the packet interrupt routines, so are much less affected by operating system scheduling and competition with other programs. Hardstamps are captured by dedicated hardware means, typically in the PHY layer of the network interface card (NIC). While the details vary, the typical intercept point is the media independent interface (MII), which monitors the frame level interface on a character by character basis. The capture means is usuallt a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) that parses the packeet, inserts timestamp data and recomputes the UDP checksum.
>
>The interleaved capability was originally not intended for NTP, but for the Proximity-1 protocol specified by the Consultive Committee on Space Data systems (CCSDS). The Proximity-1 protocol is designed for communication between spacecraft in the vicinity of Mars and for future missions in the vicinity of the Moon. Space data links are often operated at very low data rates compared to typical Ethernet links. Typical rates range from 1 kb/s to 256 kb/s with very different data rates in each direction. Due to various queuing and transmission operations, the output delay can reach 30 s, so it is imparities that timestamps be captured close to the PHY layer. In the Proximity-1 desing, hardstamps are captured upon the passage of the ASM code combination at the beginning of each transmitted frame..
>
>Queuing and transmission delays are not the only contributors to space data link delay. Reed-Solomon and convolutional encoding delays can be a large contribution to the link delay; however, these delays are a constant contribution to the lightwave transmission delay. These contributions - up to many seconds - can dwarf the lightwave transmission delays.
>
>In the NTP interleaved design, drivestamps are captured in the device interrupt routine - on input immediately after the frame has been received and before copying to an input buffer; on output shortly after the frame has been transmitted and before the buffer is released for the following input or output frame. This can become rather awkward in the case of NICs of the PCNET architecture, as data are copied directly from user space to device buffers directed by DMA descriptors. Drivestamps have been used on input for many years, but for output this is possible only using the interleaved modes. The result avoids the latencies due to the message digest computation, Autokey protocol data units, output queuing and frame transmissions, typically some 10-40 microseconds.
>
>It should be obvious from the documents that a primary motivation for the NTP interleaved design was protection from network errors and intruder attack. The detailed analysis and simulation are designed to demonstrate resistance to common corruptions such as dropped or duplicate packets and possible bogus attacks. The NTP design includes a four-level security model, the lower two levels might be considered for a PTP application. This is one of the most important difference between the PTP and NTP protocol designs; however, the NTP design might be considered overkill in a sheltered, isolated Ethernet network.
>
>Careful observers may notice an interesting anomaly with the interleaved broadcast mode. The preliminary volley intended to measure the roundtrip time uses basic mode, not interleaved mode. The reason for this requires some explanation. In times of old, the dominant concern was the 6-bone, an international consortium of multicast application developers. In that context with historic multicast configurations, including DVMRP and PIM, the multicast spanning tree was far different than the unicast spanning tree. Therefore, the preliminary volley was important to estimate the offset of the multicast server to the multicast client and thus the apparent one-way delay. In principle, with adroit protocolmanship, it would be possible to change the protocol to measure the interleaved roundtrip delay, which would be more appropriate for modern high-speed Ethernet networks.
>
>Karen O'Donoghue wrote:
>
>
>
>
>	-------- Original Message -------- 
>Subject: 	[TICTOC] reminder for remote participation in today's tictoc meeting	 
>Date: 	Thu, 31 Mar 2011 09:56:35 +0200	 
>From: 	Karen O'Donoghue <odonoghue@isoc.org> <mailto:odonoghue@isoc.org> 	 
>Reply-To: 	odonoghue@isoc.org	 
>Organization: 	ISOC	 
>To: 	tictoc@ietf.org, NTP Working Group <ntpwg@lists.ntp.org> <mailto:ntpwg@lists.ntp.org> 	 
>
>
>	Folks,
>	
>	This is a reminder that the tictoc working group will meet today from 
>	17:40 - 19:40 CEST (15:40 - 17:40 UTC). The tools agenda for the IETF 
>	meeting (http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/80/) has links for the drafts, 
>	presentations, jabber chat room, and audio streaming to facilitate 
>	remote participation.
>	
>	Regards,
>	Karen
>	
>	_______________________________________________
>	TICTOC mailing list
>	TICTOC@ietf.org
>	https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tictoc
>	  
>	
>________________________________
>
>
>	_______________________________________________
>	ntpwg mailing list
>	ntpwg@lists.ntp.org
>	http://lists.ntp.org/listinfo/ntpwg
>
>
>  
>


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