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Subject: [pim] Security Issues
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Date: Sat, 5 Apr 2003 11:27:23 -0500

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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Hi,

I have two questions and I am expecting someone will answer these =
questions.

1. In PIM-SM Spec it is said about authenticating link-local messages =
that "The IPsec [12] transport mode using the Authentication Header (AH) =
is the recommended method to prevent the above attacks against PIM". =
These link-local messages are sent and received by PIM routers. But I =
have found in IPsec document that trasnsport mode can be used between =
two hosts only. If we want to use IPsec between two gateways(routers) we =
have to implement IPsec tunnel mode. In that case how can we implement =
trasnport mode here?

2. In security section it is receommended that one SA should be used to =
protect all the link-local messages. My point is that nothing is =
mentioned about how to protect multicast data. As far my understanding =
we need another SA among the sender(s) and receiver(s) to protect =
mulicast data. When a sender sends data to multicast group it will use =
the later SA and only the receivers will be able to decrypt the data =
(not the intermediate routers). Intermediate routers will only by-pass =
these data packets.

Thanks for your consideration and waiting for someone response.

Salekul =20

------=_NextPart_000_004D_01C2FB66.545CD080
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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.50.4134.600" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I have two questions and I am expecting =
someone=20
will answer these questions.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>1. In PIM-SM Spec it is said about =
authenticating=20
link-local messages that "The IPsec [12] transport mode using the =
Authentication=20
Header (AH) is the recommended method to prevent the above attacks =
against PIM".=20
These link-local messages are sent and received by PIM routers. But I =
have found=20
in IPsec document that trasnsport mode can be used between two hosts =
only. If we=20
want to use IPsec between two gateways(routers) we have to implement =
IPsec=20
tunnel mode. In that case how can we implement trasnport mode =
here?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>2. In security section it is =
receommended that one=20
SA should be used to protect all the link-local messages.&nbsp;My point =
is that=20
nothing is mentioned about how to protect multicast data. As far my=20
understanding we need another SA among the sender(s) and receiver(s) to =
protect=20
mulicast data.&nbsp;When a sender sends data to multicast group it will =
use the=20
later SA and only&nbsp;the receivers will be able to decrypt the data =
(not the=20
intermediate routers). Intermediate routers will only by-pass these data =

packets.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks for your consideration and =
waiting for=20
someone response.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>Salekul&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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_______________________________________________
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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Sat Apr  5 16:30:47 2003
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Subject: Re: [pim] Security Issues
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Date: Sat, 5 Apr 2003 14:09:04 -0500


--Apple-Mail-1-395584544
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	charset=ISO-8859-1;
	format=flowed
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Hello;

I will take a shot at this.

On Saturday, April 5, 2003, at 11:27 AM, Salekul Islam wrote:

> Hi,
> =A0
> I have two questions and I am expecting someone will answer these=20
> questions.
> =A0
> 1. In PIM-SM Spec it is said about authenticating link-local messages=20=

> that "The IPsec [12] transport mode using the Authentication Header=20
> (AH) is the recommended method to prevent the above attacks against=20
> PIM". These link-local messages are sent and received by PIM routers.=20=

> But I have found in IPsec document that trasnsport mode can be used=20
> between two hosts only. If we want to use IPsec between two=20
> gateways(routers) we have to implement IPsec tunnel mode. In that case=20=

> how can we implement trasnport mode here?
>

My understanding is that in this use of AH for ttl =3D 1 communications=20=

between
PIM routers, the routers are the end hosts. (This is not to protect a=20
flow from
end to end, only on each hop independently.)

> =A0
> 2. In security section it is receommended that one SA should be used =
to=20
> protect all the link-local messages.=A0My point is that nothing is=20
> mentioned about how to protect multicast data. As far my understanding=20=

> we need another SA among the sender(s) and receiver(s) to protect=20
> mulicast data.=A0When a sender sends data to multicast group it will =
use=20
> the later SA and only=A0the receivers will be able to decrypt the data=20=

> (not the intermediate routers). Intermediate routers will only by-pass=20=

> these data packets.

Protection of one to many or many to many group communications is not=20
trivial and is not fully solved.
It is also not part of the PIM charter. However, there is active work=20
going on in the arena, and solutions for pieces of the puzzle, such as=20=

TESLA; you should look at the MSEC and GSEC charters and the drafts=20
referenced there.

http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/msec-charter.html
http://www.irtf.org/charters/gsec.html


                                  Regards
                                  Marshall Eubanks


T.M. Eubanks
Multicast Technologies, Inc.
e-mail : tme@multicasttech.com
http://www.multicasttech.com

  Our New Multicast Workshop :
http://www.multicasttech.com/workshop




> =A0
> Thanks for your consideration and waiting for someone response.
> =A0
> Salekul=A0=A0

--Apple-Mail-1-395584544
Content-Type: text/enriched;
	charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello;


I will take a shot at this.


On Saturday, April 5, 2003, at 11:27 AM, Salekul Islam wrote:


=
<excerpt><fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>Hi,</smaller></fontfamil=
y>

=A0

<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>I have two questions and I am
expecting someone will answer these questions.</smaller></fontfamily>

=A0

<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>1. In PIM-SM Spec it is said
about authenticating link-local messages that "The IPsec [12]
transport mode using the Authentication Header (AH) is the recommended
method to prevent the above attacks against PIM". These link-local
messages are sent and received by PIM routers. But I have found in
IPsec document that trasnsport mode can be used between two hosts
only. If we want to use IPsec between two gateways(routers) we have to
implement IPsec tunnel mode. In that case how can we implement
trasnport mode here?</smaller></fontfamily>


</excerpt>

My understanding is that in this use of AH for ttl =3D 1 communications
between

PIM routers, the routers are the end hosts. (This is not to protect a
flow from

end to end, only on each hop independently.)


<excerpt>=A0

<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>2. In security section it is
receommended that one SA should be used to protect all the link-local
messages.=A0My point is that nothing is mentioned about how to protect
multicast data. As far my understanding we need another SA among the
sender(s) and receiver(s) to protect mulicast data.=A0When a sender
sends data to multicast group it will use the later SA and only=A0the
receivers will be able to decrypt the data (not the intermediate
routers). Intermediate routers will only by-pass these data packets.

=
</smaller></fontfamily></excerpt><fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>=


Protection of one to many or many to many group communications is not
trivial and is not fully solved.

It is also not part of the PIM charter. However, there is active work
going on in the arena, and solutions for pieces of the puzzle, such as
TESLA; you should look at the MSEC and GSEC charters and the drafts
referenced there.


http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/msec-charter.html

http://www.irtf.org/charters/gsec.html


</smaller></fontfamily>

                                 Regards

                                 Marshall Eubanks



T.M. Eubanks

Multicast Technologies, Inc.

e-mail : tme@multicasttech.com

=
<underline><color><param>1A1A,1A1A,FFFF</param>http://www.multicasttech.co=
m</color></underline>


 Our New Multicast Workshop :

=
<underline><color><param>1A1A,1A1A,FFFF</param>http://www.multicasttech.co=
m/workshop</color></underline>

<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>




</smaller></fontfamily><excerpt>=A0

<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>Thanks for your consideration
and waiting for someone response.</smaller></fontfamily>

=A0

=
<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>Salekul=A0=A0</smaller></fontfami=
ly>

</excerpt>=

--Apple-Mail-1-395584544--

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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Mon Apr  7 14:40:11 2003
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From: Tom Pusateri <pusateri@juniper.net>
Subject: [pim] PIM hello option numbers
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Date: Mon, 07 Apr 2003 11:33:29 -0700

While looking into getting a new option number assigned for the
neighbor address list hello option, I looked at the current PIM sparse
mode draft regarding option number assignments.

It defines the following:

1 - Holdtime
2 - LAN Prune delay
3 - 16 reserved for future versions of this document

18 - deprecated
19 - DR priority
20 - generation ID

17 - 65000 assigned by IANA
65001 - 65535 reserved for private use

The bi-dir spec defines

22 - bi-dir capable

So this means that 17 and 21 are un-accounted for. If anyone has any
knowledge of their whereabouts, please let us know.

Also, I think the spec should be changed to say that 23-65000 should be
assigned by IANA instead of 17-65000. Dave Meyer and I are pursuing 
getting IANA set up to assign 23 - 65000 and we'll use the neighbor list
option as a test of the process.

Thanks,
Tom

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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Mon Apr  7 14:58:33 2003
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Subject: Re: [pim] PIM hello option numbers
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Date: Mon, 7 Apr 2003 11:55:27 -0700 (PDT)


Tom,

Dave gave me this URL shortly after the IETF that we resolved
the conflicts between option 18 and 19.  

  http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/pim-hello-options

Here are the numbers assigned from the URL:

Value   Length  Name                                       References
-----   ------  ----                                       ----------
  1         2   Hold Time                                   [RFC2362] 
  2-16      -   Reserved                                    [RFC2362]
 17        16   Label Parameters (renew 8/01)             [Farinacci]
 18         -   Deprecated
 19         4   DR Priority (renew 8/01)                     [Fenner]
 20         4   Generation ID (renew 8/01)                   [Fenner]
 21         4   State-Refresh (renew 8/01)                 [Kouvelas]
 22         0   Bidirectional Capable (renew 8/01)         [Kouvelas]
 23         1   VCI Capability (renew 8/01)               [Farinacci]

Combining with the list you mentioned,  how about letting IANA assign
24-65000, instead of 23-65000?

Thanks.

> 
> While looking into getting a new option number assigned for the
> neighbor address list hello option, I looked at the current PIM sparse
> mode draft regarding option number assignments.
> 
> It defines the following:
> 
> 1 - Holdtime
> 2 - LAN Prune delay
> 3 - 16 reserved for future versions of this document
> 
> 18 - deprecated
> 19 - DR priority
> 20 - generation ID
> 
> 17 - 65000 assigned by IANA
> 65001 - 65535 reserved for private use
> 
> The bi-dir spec defines
> 
> 22 - bi-dir capable
> 
> So this means that 17 and 21 are un-accounted for. If anyone has any
> knowledge of their whereabouts, please let us know.
> 
> Also, I think the spec should be changed to say that 23-65000 should be
> assigned by IANA instead of 17-65000. Dave Meyer and I are pursuing 
> getting IANA set up to assign 23 - 65000 and we'll use the neighbor list
> option as a test of the process.
> 
> Thanks,
> Tom
> 
> _______________________________________________
> pim mailing list
> pim@catarina.usc.edu
> http://catarina.usc.edu/mailman/listinfo/pim
> 


-- 
Yiqun
_______________________________________________
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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Mon Apr  7 15:00:32 2003
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From: "Nicholas, Jonathan" <Jonathan.Nicholas@itt.com>
To: Tom Pusateri <pusateri@juniper.net>, pim@catarina.usc.edu
Subject: RE: [pim] PIM hello option numbers
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Date: Mon, 7 Apr 2003 13:57:21 -0500

21 is used for PIM-DM State Refresh

Jon

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tom Pusateri [mailto:pusateri@juniper.net]
> Sent: Monday, April 07, 2003 2:33 PM
> To: pim@catarina.usc.edu
> Subject: [pim] PIM hello option numbers
> 
> 
> While looking into getting a new option number assigned for the
> neighbor address list hello option, I looked at the current PIM sparse
> mode draft regarding option number assignments.
> 
> It defines the following:
> 
> 1 - Holdtime
> 2 - LAN Prune delay
> 3 - 16 reserved for future versions of this document
> 
> 18 - deprecated
> 19 - DR priority
> 20 - generation ID
> 
> 17 - 65000 assigned by IANA
> 65001 - 65535 reserved for private use
> 
> The bi-dir spec defines
> 
> 22 - bi-dir capable
> 
> So this means that 17 and 21 are un-accounted for. If anyone has any
> knowledge of their whereabouts, please let us know.
> 
> Also, I think the spec should be changed to say that 23-65000 
> should be
> assigned by IANA instead of 17-65000. Dave Meyer and I are pursuing 
> getting IANA set up to assign 23 - 65000 and we'll use the 
> neighbor list
> option as a test of the process.
> 
> Thanks,
> Tom
> 
> _______________________________________________
> pim mailing list
> pim@catarina.usc.edu
> http://catarina.usc.edu/mailman/listinfo/pim
> 

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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Mon Apr  7 15:29:25 2003
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Subject: Re: [pim] PIM hello option numbers 
In-Reply-To: Message from Yiqun Cai <ycai@cisco.com> 
   of "Mon, 07 Apr 2003 11:55:27 PDT." <200304071855.LAA17530@cisco.com> 
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Date: Mon, 07 Apr 2003 12:24:44 -0700

Excellent.

We'll have IANA start at 24 then.

Thanks,
Tom

In message <200304071855.LAA17530@cisco.com> you write:
>
>Tom,
>
>Dave gave me this URL shortly after the IETF that we resolved
>the conflicts between option 18 and 19.  
>
>  http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/pim-hello-options
>
>Here are the numbers assigned from the URL:
>
>Value   Length  Name                                       References
>-----   ------  ----                                       ----------
>  1         2   Hold Time                                   [RFC2362] 
>  2-16      -   Reserved                                    [RFC2362]
> 17        16   Label Parameters (renew 8/01)             [Farinacci]
> 18         -   Deprecated
> 19         4   DR Priority (renew 8/01)                     [Fenner]
> 20         4   Generation ID (renew 8/01)                   [Fenner]
> 21         4   State-Refresh (renew 8/01)                 [Kouvelas]
> 22         0   Bidirectional Capable (renew 8/01)         [Kouvelas]
> 23         1   VCI Capability (renew 8/01)               [Farinacci]
>
>Combining with the list you mentioned,  how about letting IANA assign
>24-65000, instead of 23-65000?
>
>Thanks.
>
>> 
>> While looking into getting a new option number assigned for the
>> neighbor address list hello option, I looked at the current PIM sparse
>> mode draft regarding option number assignments.
>> 
>> It defines the following:
>> 
>> 1 - Holdtime
>> 2 - LAN Prune delay
>> 3 - 16 reserved for future versions of this document
>> 
>> 18 - deprecated
>> 19 - DR priority
>> 20 - generation ID
>> 
>> 17 - 65000 assigned by IANA
>> 65001 - 65535 reserved for private use
>> 
>> The bi-dir spec defines
>> 
>> 22 - bi-dir capable
>> 
>> So this means that 17 and 21 are un-accounted for. If anyone has any
>> knowledge of their whereabouts, please let us know.
>> 
>> Also, I think the spec should be changed to say that 23-65000 should be
>> assigned by IANA instead of 17-65000. Dave Meyer and I are pursuing 
>> getting IANA set up to assign 23 - 65000 and we'll use the neighbor list
>> option as a test of the process.
>> 
>> Thanks,
>> Tom
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> pim mailing list
>> pim@catarina.usc.edu
>> http://catarina.usc.edu/mailman/listinfo/pim
>> 
>
>
>-- 
>Yiqun
_______________________________________________
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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Mon Apr  7 20:27:45 2003
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To: Yiqun Cai <ycai@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [pim] PIM hello option numbers
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Date: Mon, 7 Apr 2003 12:21:12 -0700

>> Dave gave me this URL shortly after the IETF that we resolved
>> the conflicts between option 18 and 19.  

Ack, I forgot I already did some of this. Thanks Yiqun.

Dave

>> 
>>   http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/pim-hello-options
>> 
>> Here are the numbers assigned from the URL:
>> 
>> Value   Length  Name                                       References
>> -----   ------  ----                                       ----------
>>   1         2   Hold Time                                   [RFC2362] 
>>   2-16      -   Reserved                                    [RFC2362]
>>  17        16   Label Parameters (renew 8/01)             [Farinacci]
>>  18         -   Deprecated
>>  19         4   DR Priority (renew 8/01)                     [Fenner]
>>  20         4   Generation ID (renew 8/01)                   [Fenner]
>>  21         4   State-Refresh (renew 8/01)                 [Kouvelas]
>>  22         0   Bidirectional Capable (renew 8/01)         [Kouvelas]
>>  23         1   VCI Capability (renew 8/01)               [Farinacci]
>> 
>> Combining with the list you mentioned,  how about letting IANA assign
>> 24-65000, instead of 23-65000?
>> 
>> Thanks.
>> 
>> > 
>> > While looking into getting a new option number assigned for the
>> > neighbor address list hello option, I looked at the current PIM sparse
>> > mode draft regarding option number assignments.
>> > 
>> > It defines the following:
>> > 
>> > 1 - Holdtime
>> > 2 - LAN Prune delay
>> > 3 - 16 reserved for future versions of this document
>> > 
>> > 18 - deprecated
>> > 19 - DR priority
>> > 20 - generation ID
>> > 
>> > 17 - 65000 assigned by IANA
>> > 65001 - 65535 reserved for private use
>> > 
>> > The bi-dir spec defines
>> > 
>> > 22 - bi-dir capable
>> > 
>> > So this means that 17 and 21 are un-accounted for. If anyone has any
>> > knowledge of their whereabouts, please let us know.
>> > 
>> > Also, I think the spec should be changed to say that 23-65000 should be
>> > assigned by IANA instead of 17-65000. Dave Meyer and I are pursuing 
>> > getting IANA set up to assign 23 - 65000 and we'll use the neighbor list
>> > option as a test of the process.
>> > 
>> > Thanks,
>> > Tom
>> > 
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > pim mailing list
>> > pim@catarina.usc.edu
>> > http://catarina.usc.edu/mailman/listinfo/pim
>> > 
>> 
>> 
>> -- 
>> Yiqun
>> _______________________________________________
>> pim mailing list
>> pim@catarina.usc.edu
>> http://catarina.usc.edu/mailman/listinfo/pim
_______________________________________________
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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Tue Apr  8 20:42:34 2003
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From: "Vanitha Ramaswami" <vanithar@future.futsoft.com>
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Subject: [pim] Help Required in PIM Entry & Oif Timer Expiry Handling
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Hi All,

We have an RFC 2362 version of PIM-SM. A condition, where in both the Oif
Timer and the Entry Timer expires at the same time is happening.  When an
Oif Timer expires for a (*,G) entry, a (*,G) prune is sent upstream. Some
times it so happens that the Entry Timer expires before the Oif Timer. To
handle this case a (*,G) prune is sent upstream on entry timer expiry if
that Oif is in the forwarding state.

My doubt is do we need to do the same for (S,G)RPT entry also. i.e send
(S,G)RPT prune upstream for (S,G) RPT entry as well when the entry timer
expires.?. How is it normally done.?.


Thanks,
Vanitha

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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Wed Apr  9 13:37:08 2003
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Subject: Re: [pim] Help Required in PIM Entry & Oif Timer Expiry Handling
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Instead of sending a prune it might be easier to silently delete (*,G)
and/or (S,G) entries that have expired due to inactivity. If source(s)
start sending data before the holdtime of the corresponding prune(s)
have expired in upstream routers, it will result in temporary
suppression of desired traffic.

Rahul

On Mon, 2003-04-07 at 21:32, ext Vanitha Ramaswami wrote:
> Hi All,
> 
> We have an RFC 2362 version of PIM-SM. A condition, where in both the Oif
> Timer and the Entry Timer expires at the same time is happening.  When an
> Oif Timer expires for a (*,G) entry, a (*,G) prune is sent upstream. Some
> times it so happens that the Entry Timer expires before the Oif Timer. To
> handle this case a (*,G) prune is sent upstream on entry timer expiry if
> that Oif is in the forwarding state.
> 
> My doubt is do we need to do the same for (S,G)RPT entry also. i.e send
> (S,G)RPT prune upstream for (S,G) RPT entry as well when the entry timer
> expires.?. How is it normally done.?.
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> Vanitha
> 
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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Mon Apr 14 14:10:02 2003
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From: "Salekul Islam" <isalekul@hotmail.com>
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Subject: [pim] Authenticatng link-local messages
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Date: Mon, 14 Apr 2003 14:07:36 -0400

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Hi,

I have two questions related to authenticating link-local messages. I am =
expecting that someone will make me clear.

1. In PIM-SM spec it is suggested that we should use IPsec AH to protect =
link-local messages. It is also said that all link-local messages use =
SPI =3D 0. As far my understanding, we are using one SA to protect all =
the link-local messages and for these messages the destination address =
is 224.0.0.13 and it is fixed. SPI, destination address and specific =
protocol are used to differentiate a particular SA from more than one =
SAs. In this case we are using one SA for all link-local messages and =
all the time their destination address is fixed. That's why we don't =
need any SPI value to differentiate this SA. And this is the reason that =
SPI =3D 0 is used. Am I correct or missing something?

2. in PIM-SM spec it is assumed that the netowrk admin will configure =
all the PIM routers manually with one or more SAs. I think we have some =
overhead here. Shall we configure all the routers blindly? How do one =
know which routers are going to be used ?=20

If we want to use any negotiating protocol to establish the SAs, when =
these routers will be configured?=20

Thanking you

Salekul

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<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I have two questions related to =
authenticating=20
link-local messages. I am expecting that someone will make me=20
clear.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>1. In PIM-SM spec it is suggested that =
we should=20
use IPsec AH to protect link-local messages. It is also said that all =
link-local=20
messages use SPI =3D 0. As far my understanding, we are using one SA to =
protect=20
all the link-local messages and for these messages the destination =
address is=20
224.0.0.13 and it is fixed. SPI, destination address and specific=20
protocol&nbsp;are used to&nbsp;differentiate&nbsp;a particular SA from =
more than=20
one SAs. In this case we are using one SA for all link-local messages =
and all=20
the time their destination address is fixed. That's why we don't need =
any SPI=20
value to differentiate this SA. And this is the reason that SPI =3D 0 is =
used. Am=20
I correct or missing something?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>2. in PIM-SM spec it is assumed that =
the netowrk=20
admin will configure all the PIM routers manually with one or more SAs. =
I think=20
we have some overhead here. Shall we configure all the routers blindly? =
How do=20
one know which routers are going to be used ? </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>If we want to use any negotiating =
protocol to=20
establish the SAs, when these routers will be configured? </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanking you</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>Salekul</FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Wed Apr 16 01:26:57 2003
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From: Ning Wang <n.wang@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
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Subject: [pim] One question
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Hello:
  I have one basic question on the PIM-SM join procedure.
According to the draft, this can be done by either directly using
the unicast routing table (which means the join packet is sent on
the same path towards RP/source), or an independent MRIB. I wonder
how this MRIB is created. Do we need another set of link metrics
for multicast join requests (if the unicast and multicast topology
are incongruent)? If there is only one set of metrics for both uni and
multicast, how MRIB is computed? Does the router need to compute
a reversed shortest path tree for RPF checking (assuming that link
metrics are asymmetric)?
  Thanks
Ning

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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Thu Apr 17 13:31:26 2003
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Hi all I have 2 questions:
1) Is RFC 2362 about PIm-Sm valid both for IPv6 And IPv4
2)After a RP send a Register-Stop to sender's DR packets are sent natively by the sender.How  does PIM-SM build the tree from the sender to the RP? Is it built in the same way as the tree between the RP and the receiver, i.d. using jion mesagges?
Thank you and best regards


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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Thu Apr 17 13:42:38 2003
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Date: Thu, 17 Apr 2003 10:39:37 -0700


>1) Is RFC 2362 about PIm-Sm valid both for IPv6 And IPv4

RFC 2362 is obsolete.  draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-07 is much preferred.

 - Mark
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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Thu Apr 17 14:30:58 2003
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Date: Thu, 17 Apr 2003 11:37:04 -0700

>> RFC 2362 is obsolete.  draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-07 is much preferred.

    Be careful in what you state Mark. The spec may been obsoleted but there
    are implementationsn that still conform to 2362. And there may be
    implementations that conform to both.

Dino
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Date: Fri, 18 Apr 2003 11:24:20 +0200
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I know there is pimd for linux, but is it really updated sometimes? It seems 
everythings has been given up lately... Am I wrong?
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From: "Sridhar Vallepalli" <svallepa@force10networks.com>
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Hi,=20
	If first hop router doesn't have unicast reachability to RP should the =
router take the hit of encapsulation, finally to be dropped at the =
unicast forwarding. Can CouldRegister(S,G) check if RP(G) is reachable =
before returning TRUE or FALSE.
This way appropriate state events in per-(S,G) register state-machine =
will happen.

Please comment.

Thanks
Sridhar

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Hi, </FONT>

<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">If first hop router doesn't have unicast reachability to =
RP should the router take the hit of encapsulation, finally to be =
dropped at the unicast forwarding. Can CouldRegister(S,G) check if RP(G) =
is reachable before returning TRUE or FALSE.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">This way appropriate state events in =
per-(S,G) register state-machine will happen.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Please comment.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Thanks</FONT>

<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Sridhar</FONT>
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From pim-admin@catarina.usc.edu  Fri Apr 18 17:20:20 2003
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IMHO, this is an implementation specific question.

NOTE: one problem with PIM is that often mpackets are sent
with TTL that isn't large enough to get to the RP, but that
doesn't prevent the PIM register from getting to the RP to
create state.  An implementation might choose to set the
encapsulation TTL to the same as the mpacket to prevent
stqate from being created and disappearing over and over again.

On Friday, April 18, 2003, at 12:41 PM, Sridhar Vallepalli wrote:

> Hi,
> =A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 If first hop router doesn't have unicast =
reachability to RP=20
> should the router take the hit of encapsulation, finally to be dropped=20=

> at the unicast forwarding. Can CouldRegister(S,G) check if RP(G) is=20
> reachable before returning TRUE or FALSE.
>
> This way appropriate state events in per-(S,G) register state-machine=20=

> will happen.
>
> Please comment.
>
> Thanks
> Sridhar
>

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IMHO, this is an implementation specific question.


NOTE: one problem with PIM is that often mpackets are sent

with TTL that isn't large enough to get to the RP, but that

doesn't prevent the PIM register from getting to the RP to

create state.  An implementation might choose to set the

encapsulation TTL to the same as the mpacket to prevent

stqate from being created and disappearing over and over again.


On Friday, April 18, 2003, at 12:41 PM, Sridhar Vallepalli wrote:


<excerpt><fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>Hi,

</smaller></fontfamily>=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0
<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>If first hop router doesn't
have unicast reachability to RP should the router take the hit of
encapsulation, finally to be dropped at the unicast forwarding. Can
CouldRegister(S,G) check if RP(G) is reachable before returning TRUE
or FALSE.</smaller></fontfamily>


<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>This way appropriate state
events in per-(S,G) register state-machine will =
happen.</smaller></fontfamily>


<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>Please =
comment.</smaller></fontfamily>


<fontfamily><param>Arial</param><smaller>Thanks

Sridhar</smaller></fontfamily>


</excerpt>=

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Subject: [pim] Interop with old IGMP version routers
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Date: 22 Apr 2003 14:09:14 -0000

Hi,

Section 4 of RFC 2236 is as follows:
An IGMPv2 router may be placed on a subnet where at least one 
router
on the subnet has not yet been upgraded to IGMPv2. The following
requirements apply:

If any IGMPv1 routers are present, the querier MUST use IGMPv1. 
The use
of IGMPv1 must be administratively configured, as there is no 
reliable
way of dynamically determining whether IGMPv1 routers are present 
on a
network. Implementations MAY provide a way for system 
administrators to
enable the use of IGMPv1 on their routers; in the absence of 
explicit
configuration, the configuration MUST default to IGMPv2.

Section 7.3.1 of RFC 3376:
If a router is not explicitly configured to use IGMPv1 or IGMPv2 
and hears an IGMPv1 Query or IGMPv2 General Query, it SHOULD log a 
warning.  These warnings MUST be rate-limited.

The question is
RFC 2236 clearly specifies that Router MUST use the default 
version. Whereas RFC 3376 does not explicitly specifies about the 
version to be used when it hears a IGMP Query from a lower version 
router.
Can we follow the guidelines of the RFC 2236 and extend it further 
for IGMPv3 (i.e. the configuration MUST default to IGMPv3), or 
shall we downgrade the version  automatically to interop with 
lower version routers ??

Kind Regards,
-Prashant




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Hi,

I'm into testing of PIM-routers. I would like to know if there is a freely available tool on the web, to test the IGMP-Vx/PIM-xM functionality.

Thanks in advance,
Avinash.

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