# KOffice

A General Introduction
Jost
Schenck

    jost@schenck.de

Antoinette
Dekeni

    antoinette@translate.org.za

Translation
2001-06-02
0.01.01

&koffice; yisuti ye ofisi edityanisiweyo yeMeko-bume ye K Desktop (&kde;).

KDE
KOffice

## Isezakwenziwa kule ncwadi

Olu luluhlu lwezinto ezifuna umsebenzi kule ncwadi:

- Bhala olu luhlu.s

- Nje malunga nenye into.

Ukuba omnye umntu ufuna ukunceda, ndazise kwidilesi ye email engezantsi. Enkosi.

Jost jost@schenck.de

## Ukwazisa

&koffice; yisuti ye ofisi edityanisiweyo yeMeko-bume ye K Desktop (&kde;). &koffice; iqulathe okwangoku udweliso lweenkqubo ezilandelayo:

- &kword; (izakhelo-ezijolise kwi wordprocessor)
- &kspread; (isicelo sekhasi lobeko)
- &kpresenter; (iziboniso zekhusi notyibiliko)
- &killustrator; (isicelo soboniso lomzobo)
- &krayon; (umhleli womfanekiso we bitmap)
- &kformula; (umhleli wefomula yezibalo)
- &kchart; (isicelo sozobo lwetshathi/imigca)
- &kivio;
- &kugar;

Kuba zisekwe kumfanekiso weqela le KParts, &koffice; udweliso lweenkqubo luyilwe ukusebenza kakuhle nenye. Naliphi na &koffice; iqela lingalungiswa kwenye &koffice; uxwebhu. Umzekelo, ungafaka itafile oyenzileyo kwi &kspread; ngqo kwi &kword; uxwebhu. Ngale ndlela, uphembelelo, amaxwebhu ayimbumba anokwenziwa usebenzisa i &koffice; udweliso lweenkqubo.

Iplagi-kukhando kuyenza lula ukwandisa umsebenzi we &koffice; Sele, kukho izicelo ezimbini, umshicileli we macro nomatshini wokubala, ebonisa ukuba oku kungenziwa njani.

Le ncwadi igquma kuphela imisebenzi ngokubanzi ye &koffice;, ezo ziqhelekilyo kwezininzi okanye lonke udweliso lweenkqubo kwisuti. Kulwazi olunneenkcukacha malunga nodweliso lweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, jonga ezinye iincwadi.

## Amanqwanqwa okuqala kwi &koffice;

## KParts - ibloko zokwakha ze &koffice;

Ngasinye &koffice; isicelo siyilwe ukuzalisekisa iimfuno ezikhankanywe kakhulu. Umzekelo, &kspread; ludweliso lwenkqubo lokuhanahanisa i spreadsheets, xa &kword; iludweliso lwenkqubo yokunikeza igama. Ngoku qwalasela kwi ariya ethile, udweliso lwenkqubo ngalunye elinenjongo zokulunga kwi ariya le ngqo. Ngoko ke, kuxhomekeke kokwenzayo nge &koffice;, Uzakufuna ukuthatha rhoqo umsebenzi owunikwayo nge zicelo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kwi enye uxwebhu.

Umele ukuba ulungisa uxwebhu kwi &kword; kwaye ufuna ukucacisa incopho ethile usebenzisa itafile. Xa &kword; inikeza eyawo umsebenzi wofako lwetafile, oku kunokunganeli kwiimfuno zakho. Umzekelo, ungafuna ukusebenzisa iifomati zedata ezithile ngoku okanye ukwenza ubalo usebenzisa ifomula yekhasi lobeko. Ngoku, enye &kword; umdwelisi nkqubo uno kuzama uku phawula lo msebenzi. Ngoko ke, &kword; ayinokuba yelunge njenge &kspread; kulo mhlaba; kwaye ukuba izame ukuphawula yonke imisebenzi ongayifunayo, inokuphela sele iyinto engenasizathu kwaye ikhowudi yemvelaphi izakungenzeki uku ukulondoloza.

Uhambelwano koku yi KParts. Ifilosofi yayo ilula: vumela zonke izicelo zenze okungcono. [Ndicinga ukuba le para ifuna uchazo oluninzi -- kt.]

### Amaxwebhu ayimbumba nge KParts

Nge KParts, amaxwebhu wakho angasebenzisa i zonke umsebenzi onikiweyo yizonke &koffice; izicelo. Ungathatha ingqalelo yoku ngokufaka ebizwa-ngokuba yi amaqela kuxwebhu lwakho. Wonke ubani walo maqela lolunye uxwebhu, yi, uxwebhu phakathi koxwebhu.

Kumzekelo okhankanywe ngentla, uzakufaka lula i &kspread; iqela kweyakho i &kword; uxwebhu. Ngoku, xa uhlela itafile yakho, &kspread; izakuthatha ulawulo kwisiqalo. Ulawulo luzakubuyela kwi &kword; xa uyeka ukusebenza kwitafile kwaye uqala ukusebenza kokubhaliweyo kwakhona. Utshintsho ozakuliqaphela kuphela kukuba iibar zesixhobo nee menu, xa uhlela itafile, layita umsebenzi we &kspread; endaweni yalo we &kword;. Lo msebenzi wokuquka usebenzo lwesicelo kwesinye ubizwa ngokuba yi iyalungisa.

### Usebenzisa i KParts kuxwebhu lwakho

Ukuba awuzange usebenze ngamaxwebhu abunjiweyo, ungawafumana ephazamisa kuqala. Imiyalelo elandelayo yenqwanqwa-nge-nqwanqwa ikubonisa ukuba usebenzisa i KParts ilula nje njengokusebenza ngesisodwa isicelo.

#### Ifaka i &kspread; iqela kwi &kword; isicelo

1. Qala i &kword;. Ungakwenza oko noba kwiqela lenjongo okanye ngokuchwetheza ``kword`` kwilayini yomyalelo.

2. Qala olutsha, olungenanto uxwebhu. Ungafuna ukuchwetheza okubhaliweyo kwesampuli.

3. Khetha Yenza KSpread isakhelo setafile kwi Izixhobo menu. (FIXME: Ndicinga esi sakhiwo se menu bekumele sitshintshwe). Uzakuqaphela ukuba isalathisi se mouse sitshintshele kumnqamlezo. Le ndlela yesalathisi ibonisa ukuba umele ukhethe i ariya.

4. Cinezela i &LMB; iqhosha le mouse apho ufuna ikona yasekhohlo ephezulu yetafile yakho ezakubayiyo, yibambe kwaye yitsale kwikona esekunene ezantsi. Khupha iqhosha. Yiyo--wenzile.

Lula, akunjalo? Ungabona ngoku isakhelo setafile kweyakho i &kword; uxwebhu. Ngoku, nqakraza ngaphakathi kwetafile ukubona okwenzekayo. Uzaku qaphela oko.

- Ibar yakho yemenu neebar zesixhobo zitshintshile. Ngoku zilayita ezo ze &kspread;.

- Isakhelo sakho setafile ngoku siqulathe iziqalelo ze &kspread; imboniselo, nge bar zokurola, ibar yesithuba sokukhetha iitafile, &etc;

Zama ukuhlela itafile. Uzakubona ukuba ayahlukanga ekusebenziseni i &kspread;. Ngenene u zi usebenzisa i &kspread;.

Ngoku nqakraza kwenye indawo kweyakho i &kword; uxwebhu, ngaphandle kwe ariya yetafile. Ibar yemenu neebar zesixhobo zizakutshintsha umva kwezo ze &kword;, iziqalelo ze &kspread; imboniselo izakulahleka. Eyakho itafile iyahlala kwaye isalayita lonke utshintsho olufake kuyo.

KParts zilula ukusetyenziswa. Zama ukufaka amanye amaqela okanye alinganayo amaqela ku maqela.

## Ilungisa i &koffice; kunye ne Ndlela Yakho

Xa i &koffice; izakusebenza kakuhle ngaphandle kwebhokisi, kunokubakho kakuhle ezinye izinto ukulungisa ukufumana okungcono ngaphandle kwe &koffice;. Esi siqendu sikubonisa onofuna ukwenza ukufumana ezingcono iziphumo ngesuti yakho entsha ye ofisi.

### Ilungisa Imveliso Yomgca

Imigca sisihloko esinzima kwi X Windows. Kweli candelo sizakugquma ezinye iingxaki ezixelwa rhoqo ngabantu abasebenzisa i &koffice;. Ezinye iingxaki ayizo &koffice;impazama, kodwa kuxhomekeke kuqwalaselo lwendlela yakho, kulapho unokufuna ukuguqula kancinane iifayile zoqwalaselo zendlela ukuze uzisombulule. Ukuba awunanikezelo kwityala lengcambu kwindlela yakho, nceda buza umsebenzisi wendlela yakho malunga noku kwaye umalathe yena okanye yena kule ncwadi. Njengoko isihloko semigca sinzima ukugquma zonke ezayo aopha, ungafuna ukudibana ne Umgca HOWTO apho ndithathe khona ulwazi olulandelayo. Ungafumana iinkcukacha ezininzi apha.

#### Ungayifumana njani Imigca Esikalishwe Kakuhle kwikhusi

Izinto zokwenza iimpahla

#### Ungalufumana njani Ushicilelo Olululo

Xa &koffice; ingaphatha ngokuzenzekelayo yonke imigca ye X11 kwi khusi, ushicilelo lungadala ingxaki: kwiindlela ezininzi, ushicilelo lwenziwa ngokugqitha kwi ghostscript. Ngoku, xa &koffice;iwazi amagama omgca osetyenziswa yi X Windows, ayi ngesiqhelo hayi yazi amagama omgca osetyenziswa yi ghostscript. &koffice; izama ukuthelekelela la magama, apho ngelishwa angasebebnzi lonke ixesha.

Le ngxaki ingasombululwa, noxa oku kungekho lula. Ngenene, mhlawumbiusebenzisa unikezelo olwenze omninzi umsebenzi wakho osele (ngoko ukuba awunasizathu sokukhalaza malunga noshicilelo ungalitsiba eli candelo). Omawukwenze kukuxelela ghostscript indlela yokuguqulela kolunye ulwimi oku (thelekelwayo) amagama omgca &koffice; isebenzisa kumagama wayo omgca. Oku kungenziwa ngokudibanisa iilayini kwifayile ebizwa nge `Imaphu yomgca`. Ilayini ecingelwayo kwi `Imaphu yomgca` ikhangeleka njengalo mzekelo ulandelayo:

##### Okucingelwayo kwi ghostscript Imaphu yomgca

    /Algerian-Roman /Algerian       ;

Nceda qaphela ukuba isithuba phambi kwe';' siphakathi. Kulo mzekelo, Algerian-Roman ligama &koffice; elisebenzisayo kwi Algerian. Uzakudibanisa iilayini ezinjalo kwimigca &koffice; ayizi bonisi kakuhle. Ukwenza lo msebenzi lula, Donovan Rebbechi ubhale i perl scriptongayifumana kwi http://pegasus.rutgers.edu/~elflord/font_howto/kwdfont. Icinga ukuba unefayile yomgca `/usr/share/ghostscript/fonts/fontfile.ttf` uzakungena ``kwdfont` `/usr/share/ghostscript/fonts/fontfile.ttf`` ukufumana ezizo. Ushicilelo luzakusebenza kwi mizekelo emininzi. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe, ungajonga kwi Umgca HOWTO kulwazi olululo nolu-nzulu kakhulu.

### Yenza i &koffice; &GUI;

Xa &koffice; ivela kwibhokisi nge &GUI; (ujongano lomsebenzisi womzobo) ozakulungelana neemfuno zabantu abaninzi; kukho ezilungileyo izizathu apho ungafuna ukutshintsha indlela ezijongeka nagyo iinkqubo.

Umama wam, umzekelo, unoloyiko lwamaqhosha namangeno emenu akaqondi. Ukulungisa &koffice; kwimfuno zakhe, Ndinciphise i &GUI; kumsebenzi ophandle omncinane. Njengoko efuna ukubhala iileta kwaye asebenzise itemplates ezithile, akukho mfuno kumsebenzi omninzi kunokugcina, iyalayisha, iyashicilela, &etc;

Enkosi kwi intshukumo isimaphambili se &Qt; ne &kde;, ungenza ngokukhululekileyo i &koffice; iibar zemenu nebar zesixhobo. Ngelishwa, ngalo mzuzwana, akukho zilula-uku-setyenziswa iincoko zababini ukwenza oku. &koffice; igcina eyayo i &GUI; uqwalaselo kwi &XML; iifayile kwaye uzakuhlela ezo. Ngethemba, le meko izakutshintsha kwixesha elizayo; okwangoku, uzakufuna ulwazi olungundoqo lwendlela i &XML; uxwebhu lusebenza ngayo (okanye HTML, elucwangciso olusezantsi lwe &XML;). [I intshukumo isimaphambili sifuna ukuxoxwa ingenkcukacha ezininzi -- kt.]

Ngesiqhelo, ngasinye se &koffice; isicelo sinezimbini noko kwezo ze &XML; iifayile: enye ichaza i &GUI; yeqokobhe (ngesiseko, koko ukubonayo ukuba akukho xwebhu livuliweyo) kwaye enye ichaza i &GUI; yeqela elihloniphekileyo (koko ukubonayo ngesiqhelo). Umzekelo, kwi &kword;, ezi zimbini &XML; iifayile zinegama `kword_shell.rc` ne `kword.rc`.

Nanku umzekelo ocacileyo we rc-fayile.

#### Umzekelo ocacileyo we rc-fayile

    <!UDIDI LWEDOC QConfig ><qconfig>
    <menubar>
    <menu name="Edit"><text>Edit</text>
    <action name="edit_cut"/>
    <action name="edit_copy"/>
    <action name="edit_paste"/>
    <separator/>
    <action name="edit_find"/>
    </menu>
    <menu name="Insert"><text>Insert</text>
    <action name="insert_picture"/>
    <action name="insert_clipart"/>
    <menu name="Variable"><text>Variable</text>
    <action name="insert_var_datefix"/>
    <action name="insert_var_datevar"/>
    </menu>
    </menu>
    </menubar>
    <toolbars>
    <toolbar name="edit_toolbar" position="right">
    <action name="edit_cut"/>
    <action name="edit_copy"/>
    <action name="edit_paste"/>
    </toolbar>
    </toolbars>
    </qconfig>

## Ungalufumana njani ulwazi oluninzi

### Ezinye &koffice; iincwadi

Ulwazi oluneenkcukacha kweyahlukileyo i &koffice; izicelo, nceda dibana neencwadi zabo. [FIXME: ndiwanikeza njani amakhonkco kubo? Sifuna iphetshana-lokucwangcisa?]

### Amakhonkco

Amakhonkco alandelayo anokubaluncedo ukuba ukhangela oluninzi ulwazi malunga ne &kde; okanye &koffice;.

- I &koffice; iphepha lasekhaya. Apha ungafumana ulwazi ngendlela yokufumana noku faka i &koffice;, iindaba malunga ne &koffice; ubhekiso phambili, iingongoma zekhusi &etc;

- Imeko-bume ye K Desktop (&kde;). Imeko-bume ephambili nekhululekileyo ye desktop ye unix-njengendlela zokusebenza. &koffice; yenza usebenziso lwe &kde; iilayibrari.

- Troll Tech. Abenzi be C++-toolkit &Qt;. &kde; ne &koffice; benza usebenziso lwe &Qt;.

## Idwelisa inkqubo ye &koffice;

Ukuba ufuna ukwenza i &koffice; ubhekiso phambili, amacebo alandelayo anokunika umdla.

- Kwi http://developer.kde.org ungafumana amaxwebhu amaninzi malunga ndweliso lwenkqubo nge &Qt; ne &kde;. Apha ungafumana uguqulelo oluselayinini lwegqityiweyo i &kde; uxwebhu lelayibrari.

- Sebenzisa i kdoc (kwi `kdoc` CVS umnqongo) ukujikelezisa eyakho i &kde; luxwebhu lelayibrari.

- Kwi &koffice; iimvelaphi uzakufumana umzekelo wesicelo kwi `umzekelo` ulawulo.

## Copyright ne Layisenisi

&koffice; i copyrighted yi &koffice; iqela.

Le ncwadi yi copyright ngu Jost Schenck. Inokuinikezwa ngokukhululekileyo, nje ukuba esi saziso se copyright siqukwe. Ungasitshintsha nje undithumele utshintsho okanye babophelele kwi KDE CVS. Andizukujonga nayiphi na into ephuma kusebenziso lwale ncwadi.

Ezinye ze KOffice iincwadi zi copyrighted ngabahloniphekileyo ababhali bazo.

&underFDL; &underGPL;

## Ufako

### Iimfuno zendlela

Ukuze ufake kwaye usebenzise i KOffice kufuneka ubene:

- Esebenzayo indlela ye Unix (umzekelo, Linux okanye BSD) ngeqwalaselweyo indlela ye X Window (umzekelo, XFree86).

- I Qt 2.1 iilayibrari kwi Troll Tech. Bona ftp://ftp.troll.no/ ulwazi oluninzi.

- I K Desktop Imeko-bume 2.0 (KDE 2.0). KOffice ayinakuqokelelwa ngeenguqulelo zaphambili ze KDE. Ulwazi ekufumaneni nase kufakeni i KDE 2.0 lungafumaneka kwi: http://www.kde.org.

- Imvume yokufaka izixhobo kwi computer yakho. Ukuba ukwindlela yokuma-wedwa, oku akuzukuba yingxaki. Ngoko ke, ukuba usebenzisa icomputer yomsebenzi womnatha, khangela ngomphathi wakho kuqala.

Nceda qaphela ukuba, xa ufuna i KDE 2.0 iilayibrari kweyakho indlela, ungasebenzisa kwakhona i KOffice kwimeko-bume eyahlukileyo ye desktop (umzekelo, KDE 1.1, UDE okanye GNOME).

Ukuba uceba kwi uqokelela i KOffice kwi khowudi yemvelaphi uzakufuna kwakhona:

- Automake 1.4 okanye entsha. Oku kunokulayishwa ezantsi kwi: ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/automake/

- Autoconf 2.13 okanye mva. Oku kunokulayishwa ezantsi kwi: ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/autoconf/

- A C++ umqokeleli oxhasa ezingaphandle (ekhethwayo i egcs 1.1.x). Oku kunokulayishwa ezantsi kwi http://egcs.cygnus.com/

- Troll Tech's Qt 2.1 upakisho lobhekiso phambili. Ezi zingalayishwa ezantsi kwi ftp://ftp.troll.no/

Xa ukwazile ukuba indlela yakho idibana nezi mfuno, uzakugqiba noba ufuna ukuqokelela ikhowudi yemvelaphi okanye ufake kupakisho lokubini oluqokelelwe-phambili.

Ukuba ufuna ukufumana uguqulelo kabini oluninzi lwangoku lwe KOffice, ungafumana ulwazi oluninzi ngokulandela eli khonkco: Ifumana Upakisho Lokubini.

Ukuba okubini okuqokelelwe-phambili alukho kwindlela yakho, ungalayisha ezantsi ikhowudi yemvelaphi kwaye uyiqokelele ngokwakho. Imiyalelo apho ungafumana khona ikhowudi yemvelaphi yangoku (kwaye nomawukwenze ngekhowudi yemvelaphi xa unayo) ingafunyanwa ngokulandela eli khonkco: Ifumana ikhowudi yemvelaphi.

Nceda bona i KOffice iphepha lasekhaya iinkcukacha ezininzi. Kulapho ungasoloko ufumana oluninzi olu-gqi-tyiweyo ulwazi kuzo zombini imvelaophi nokubini izinikezo!

### Ifumana Iimpahla Zokubini

Ungalayisha ezantsi okubini kwangoku kwi:

http://koffice.kde.org/

okanye kwelinye kumanxuwa esibuko. Uluhlu lwangoku lwamanxuwa esibuko angafunyanwa kwi:

http://www.kde.org/mirrors.html

Kubalulekile ukuba usebenzise impahla yokubini edityaniswe kwindlela yakho. Ukuba usebenzisa indlela yokusebenza ye Linux kwaye awukwazi ukufumana impahla yokubini kwinxuwa le web le KOffice okanye enye yezibuko zayo, ungakwazi ukuthatha enye kwinxuwa le web lonikezelo lwakho.

### Kwimpahla zokubini

Ukufaka i &koffice; kokubini okuqokelelwe phambili, unga:

1. Qinisekisa ukuba icomputer yakho inazo zonke izixhobo ezifakiweyo kwaye zikwimeko yuokusebenza (ngaphandle kwe KOffice kunjalo). Ungafumana iimfuno zendlela ngokulandela eli khonkco: Iimfuno zendlela.

2. Layisha ezantsi okubini kwe KOffice kulawulo lwexesha elifutshane.

3. Ukuba igama lefayile liphela nge .rpm (Redhat Ifayile Yabaphathi Bempahla), KOffice ingafakwa ngomyalelo olandelayo:

       $ rpm -U igama lefayile

   Ukuba igama lefayile liphela nge .deb (Debian Ifayile Yempahla), KOffice ingafakwa ngomyalelo olandelayo:

       $ dpkg -i igama lefayile

   Ukuba igama lefayile liphela nge .tar.gz or .tgz (ifayile ye tarball), KOffice ingafakwa ngomyalelo olandelayo:

       $ cd /
       $ tar -xzvf igama lefayile

4. Koko. KOffice inokufakwa ngoku kwindlela yakho.

Ukuba unomzobo onesiqalo-sesiphelo sabaphathi bempahla, njenge KPackage okanye GnoRPM, efakiweyo kwindlela yakho, ungafumana ukuba kuluncedo olukhulu ukusebenzisa kunelayini yomyalelo. Dibana noxwebhu lodweliso lwenkqubo ukufumana phandle indlela yokufaka ngayo.

### Ufumana ikhowudi yemvelaphi

Ungalayisha ezantsi ikhowudi yemvelaphi kwi:

http://koffice.kde.org/

okanye kwelinye kumanxuwa esibuko. Uluhlu lwangoku lwamanxuwa esibuko angafunyanwa kwi:

http://www.kde.org/mirrors.html

### Ukusuka kwikhowudi yemvelaphi

Ukuba ufuna ukwakha i KWord kwikhowudi yakho yemvelaphi, unako:

1. Qinisekisa ukuba icomputer yakho inezixhobo zonke ezifunwayo ezifakiweyo kwaye ezikwimeko yokusebenza (ngaphandle kwe KOffice kunjalo). Ungafumana iimfuno zendlela ngokulandela eli khonkco: Iimfuno Zendlela.

2. Layisha ezantsi ifayile yemvelaphi ye KOffice (***faka amagama efayile (srpm ne tar) apha***) kulawulo lwexesha elifutshane.

3. Ukuba igama lefayile liphela nge .src.rpm (Redhat Ifayile Yabaphathi Bempahla), ikhowudi yemvelaphi ye KOffice ingafakwa nge:

       $ rpm -U igama lefayile

   Ukuba igama lefayile liphela nge .src.tar.gz okanye .src.tgz (i tarball fayile), ikhowudi yemvelaphi ye KOffice ingafakwa nge:

       $ tar -xzvf filename

4. Ikhowudi yemvelaphi ye KOffice izakufakwa ngoku kwindlela yakho.

Izinto zokwenza iimpahla

### Iingxaki ngoqokelelo

Iingxaki IZINTO ZOKWENZA IMPAHLA

&documentation.index;