# Ukwazisa kwi &kde;

Iqela le KDE
Antoinette
Dekeni

    antoinette@translate.org.za

Translation
2000-07-10
2.00.00
1999
2000
Iqela le KDE
&FDLNotice;

Ukwazisa kwiMeko-bume ye K Desktop

Isalathiso Sesiqalo Esikhawulezayo kwi &kde;

KDE
isiqalo esiukhawulezayo
ukwazisa

## Ukwazisa

Olu xwwebhu kukwazisa okufutshane kwiMeko-bume ye K Desktop. Izakukuqonda ngeminye imisebenzi engundoqo ye &kde;.

Esi salathiso sikude ekugqumeni zonke iziphumo ze K Desktop okanye noba ezininzi zazo. Izakuchaza kuphela ezindle iindlela ezininzi ezingundoqo ukufeza embalwa kwemininzi eqhelekileyo imisebenzi.

Sicinga ukuba sele usaziwa noko ngolunye olomzombo ujongano lomsebenzisi, umzekelo CDE, Geos, GEM, &NeXTSTEP;, &Mac;, OS/2 okanye &Microsoft; &Windows;. Ngoko asizukuchaza usebenziso lwe mouse okanye ibhodi yezitshixo kodwa qwalasela ngethemba kwizinto ezinomdla kakhulu.

## Imboniselo engaphaya ye &kde;

Eli candelo lelabasebenzisi abakhetha ukufunda ngokuxilonga nokufuna kuphela uhlenga-hlengiso olufutshane ukuze aqale. Amacandelo amva anikeza isiqalo esisiso kwimeko-bume, ngothsuphe abaluncedo neendlela ezimfutshane. Ukuba awunamonde ukuqala, ligqithe eli candelo, yiyakudlala ixeshana, ngoko buyela kwaye usebenzise amanye amacandelo esi salathiso njengoko kufunwa.

Qaphela: &kde; inikeza imeko-bume yedesktop eqwalaselwe ngouphezulu. Le mboniselo engaphaya icingela ukuba usebenzisa imeko-bume yokungagqibekanga.

### I &kde; Desktop

Eyenene &kde; desktop iqulathe okuninzi:

- I qela lenjongo ezantsi kwekhusi, esetyenziswa ukuqala izicelo kwaye switsha phakathi kwe desktop. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iqulathe Umqali Wesicelo, enkulu K icon ebonisa imenu yezicelo ukuqala xa kunqakraziwe.

- I ibar yomsebenzi, ngokungagqibekanga okulungiswe kwiqela lenjongo elisetyenziswa ukuswitsha phakathi kwaye iphathe izicelo ezisebenzayo ngoku. Nqakrzaza kwisicelo kwibar yomsebenzi ukuvala kwisicelo.

- I desktop ngokwayo, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa rhoo neencwadi ezinenkcukacha zingabekwa khona. &kde; inikeza ezininzi idesktops, nganye eneyazo iiwindow. Nqakrzaza kumaqhosha anamanani kwiqela lenjongo ukuswitsha phggakathi kwedesktop.

### Ulungile, Cwangcisa, Hamba!

Nazi iincam ezikhawulezayo ezimbalwa ukukufumana nokusebenzisa.

- Ukuqala isicelo, nqakraza kwi K iqhosha kwiqela lenjongo ethile (elibizwa nge Umqali Wesicelo) kwaye khetha umba kwi menu.

- Nqakraza i icon ejongeka njengencwadi enenkcukacha ngomfanekiso wendlu kwiqela lenjongo ukunikeza iifayile kulawulo lakho lasekhaya usebenzisa i &konqueror;, &kde;'s into eluncedo Yomphathi Wefayile.

- Khetha Umqali Wesicelo Indlela Isiphelo sendlela ukufumana i &UNIX; ukwenziwa komyalelo, okanye cinezela &Alt; F2 ukufumana iwindow encinane yomyalelo yokwenza ukuphumeza umyalelo owodwa.

- Khetha i KDE Umbindi Wolawulo umba kuMqali Wesicelo ukuqwalasela i &kde;.

- Cinezela &Alt;Tab ukuswitsha phakathi kwezicelo ne &Ctrl;Isithuba ukuswitsha phakathi kwedesktop usebenzisa ibhodi yezitshixo.

- Sebenzisa i &RMB; iqhosha le mouse ukunikeza iimenu zentsingiselo zeqela lenjongo, desktop, nezininzi &kde; izicelo.

## Yazisa Izicelo

### Isebenzisa Umqali Wesicelo neqela lenjongo ethile

Ezantsi kwekhusi ufumana iqela lenjongfo le desktop, elibizwa nge &kicker;. Usebenzisa iqela ukwazisa izicelo. Jonga iqhosha ekhohlo ngenkulu i K.

Eli qhosha libizwa nge Umqali Wesicelo. Inotolo oluncinane phezulu ukubonisa ukuba izakuvelisa imenu ukuba unqakraza kuyo. Yenze nje! Ujongo-phezulu lukunikeza unikezelo olulula kuzo zonke &kde; izicelo ezifakwe kwindlela yakho yecomputer.

#### Yenza i &kicker;

Ukuba usebenzisa izicelo ezinye okanye isixhobo rhoqo, ngoko ufuna unikezelo oluikhawuleza kakhulu kuyo, kunjalo. Kulo mzekelo, ungadibanisa isicelo esisodwa, okanye epheleleyo imenu-esezantsi yemenu yoMqali Wesicelo, njengeqhosha elithile lokwazisa-okukhawulezayo kwiqela lenjongo. Ukuba ufuna ukufikelela kwi &kfind; isicelo ngqo ugqitha iqhosha lokwazisa, khetha ngokucacileyo Umqali Wesicelo Imenu yeqela lenjongo Dibanisa Iqhosha Fumana Iifayile (Ngale nto sithetha ukuba ungaqala unqakraze i Umqali Wesicelo, ngoko khetha Imenu yeqela lenjongo apho utolo oluncinane ekunene libonisa ukuba enye imenu izakuveliswa. Kule menu, khethaDibanisaAdd, ngoko Iqhosha, kwaye kwelandelayo imenu-esezantsi, Fumana Iifayile.).

Ungadibanisa epheleleyo imenu ngale ndlela, okanye enye ye K iimnu-ezisezantsi zeqhosha. Umzekelo, ukuba une &koffice; efakiweyo kwaye ufuna unikezelo olukhawulezayo kuzo zonke i &koffice; izicelo, ngaphandle kokulawula ngapha komqali wesicelo, ngoko endaweni yokukhetha isicelo, nqakrzaza kwi Dibanisa le menu ungeniso lwemenu. Ngoku uzakuba nonikezelo olumiyo kuzo zonke i &koffice; izicelo, ngaphandle kokubeka i icon kwiqela lenjongo.

ungasa yonke imiba yeqela lenjongo jikelele nge yisa umyalelo wemenu yentsingiselo. Nje nqakraza nge eyesithathu iqhosha lemouse (i eyesithathu iqhosha lemouse liqjele ukuba yi ekunene iqhosha, kodwa ukuba uqwalasele imouse yakho ngokwahlukileyo, umzekelo kwizandla-zasekhohlo, inokuba kwakhona yi ekhohlo enye). Imenu izakuvelisa apho ungakhetha khona i Yiya. Ngoku yisa imouse kwaye ubone indlela i icon elandela ngayo ngexesha isahlala kwiqela lenjongo. Xa wenzile, betha nje i kuqala iqhosha lemouse (ngokungagqibekanga i ekhohlo enye). Njengoko uqaphele, kukho kwakhona ungeniso lwemenu Susa mhlawumbi udinwe lelithile iqhosha lokwazisa kwi desktop yakho.

#### Usebenzisa iimenu zentsingiselo

Oku kusikhokhelela kwesinye esinomdla isihloko: kwindawo ezininzi, unga nqakraza i ekunene iqhosha lemouse ukubonisa i imenu yentsingiselo ngenketho ezifakwa kumba owunqakrazileyo. Ngoko iyingcamango elungileyo ukuzama phandle i okwesithathu iqhosha lemouse kwenye into, ukuba awazi omawukwenze ngayo. Noba isiqalo see desktop sinemenu enjalo!

#### Eminye imisebenzi yeqela lenjongo

Kukho ezinye izinto ezinomdla ezenzekayo ngeqela lenjongo. Omnye angabaluleka ukuba unesisombululo esisezantsi kumphathi wakho. iyi fihla-kwaye-bonisa umsebenzi, owenziwe ngokunqakraza kwibar eyakhiweyo kumda osekhohlo kwiqela lenjongo.

Mhlawumbi awulithandi iqela elandisa ububanzi obupheleleyo bekhusi. Etshintshwa ngokulula! RMB kwesingenato isithuba kwiqela lenjongo, kwaye khetha Iqela lenjongo Ezikhethwayo. Kwi &kcontrol; incoko yababini evelisayo, ungakhetha Ubungakanani Beqela lenjongo kwi Ngokubanzi isithuba, kwaye sebenzisa umtyibilikisi apho ukucwangcisa iqela lenjongo ngaphantsi kobubanzi be 100%.

Ukuba uyalandela, kwaye unalo ncoko yababini ivuliwe nakanjani, ngoko khululeka ukudlala ngazo zonke iinketho, kwaye sebenzisa i Faka ukubona isiphumo ezinaso. Ungacwangcisa kwakhona lula yonke into kuqwalaselo olungagqibekanga, ngokucinezela ngokucacileyo i Sebenzisa Ezingagqibekanga iqhosha.

Ngendlela, ukuba awuqinisekanga ngokwenziwa liqhosha elithile kwi &kde;, yisa nje isalathisi semouse ngapha kwayo kwaye yilindele ixesha elifutshane: &kde; inoncedo lwentsingiselo encinane eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, ebizwa nge iincam zesixhobo, ezichaza umsebenzi wolawulo olunjalo kumagama ambalwa.

### Kodwa ndifuna ilayini yam yomyalelo ubuye!

Nje yehla, akukho nto yakoyika. &kde; ayifuni ukuthatha oyithandayo (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inesiphumo) ilayini yomyalelo kude kuwe. Ungasa iifayile zakho ngedesktop, kodwa ungasebenzisa kwakhona i &UNIX; imiyalelo owoyamaniswe kuyo. Ngenene,&kde; ibeka amandla elayini yomyalelo kwiincam zakho zomnwe, mhlawumbi ezinye iindawo ezimangalisayo.

&kde; inikeza iwindow ethambileyo yelayini yomyalelo ebizwa nge &konsole;. Khetha umqali wesicelo Indlela Isiphelo sendlela ukuyiqala. Oku kunokuba yinto oyifunayo kwiqela lakho lenjongo, ngethamsanqa sele ilapho kuqwalaselo olungagqibekanga!

Ngamanye amaxesha, ufuna kuphela ukungenisa umyalelo omnye kwilayini yomyalelo. Kule mizekelo, awufuni isiphelo sendlela esivuthuzwe-ngokupheleleyo. Nje betha Alt F2 ne ufumana ilayini yomyalelo encinane apho ungangenisa khona umyalelo omnye. Iwindow yelayini yomyalelo izakulahleka emva koko, kodwa ikhumbula umyalelo wakho.

Xa uvelisa le window (esiyibiza nge minicli ngendlela) kwaye betha i Utolo-oluphezulu, ungakhangela ngapha kwayo yonke imiyalelo oyingenise kokudlulileyo. Kwakhona, ungangenisa URL's kwi minicli uku vula i &konqueror; window ngekhankanyiweyo URL.

&konqueror; nomhleli &kate; zingabonisa zombini iiwindow zesiphelo sendlela, esiziphethe njenge &konsole;. Kwi &konqueror;, ungajika oku ngokhetho lwemenu Window Bonisa iWindow Yesiphelo sendlela. Esilungisiweyo isiphelo sendlela sizakubonisa ezantsi kweyakho i &konqueror; window, kwaye eyenene into ekrelekrele kukuba izakulandela izinqakrazo zakho kumphathi wefayile imboniselo, utshintsha ulawulo njengoko usenza . Kwi &kate; ungabonisa iosiphelo sendlela ngokhetho lwemenu Windows Bonisa iConsole.

Ukubonisa iphepha le Unix, ngenisa ``umntu:``umyalelo``kwi minicli, apho `umyalelo` iligama le &UNIX; umyalelo.

Ukuphendla igama okanye amagama kwinjini yophendlo ye Google, unga zama ``gg:``igama okanye amagama``. Kukho ezininzi yezi ndlela zimfutshane zemiyalelo, kwaye ungadibanisa eyakho! Thatha ujongo kwi &kcontrol;, kwisithuba Ukhangelo lwe Web Ukhangelo Oluphawulweyo.

Okokugqibela, kukho indlela yokuba nelayini yomyalelo esoloko ikhona, noba wenza ntoni - dibanisa enye kweyakho i &kicker; iqela lenjongo!

Ngokucacileyo &RMB; nqakraza kwisithuba esingenanto kwiqela lenjongo, kwaye khetha Iqela lenjongo Dibanisa Applet Umazisi Wesicelo. Oku kuzakulungisa i mini-cli ngqo kwiqela lakho lenjongo, gqibezela ngembali yomyalelo.

Ngoko, kwisiphelo, ilayini yomyalelo ayikho kude kwimboniselo xa usebenzisa i &kde;.

## Isebenza ngee Window

Ukuba awusele wenze oko, qala isicelo usebenzisa i Umqali Wesicelo, njenge Fumana Iifayile.

### Iwindow! Yintoni ngoku?

Kuhle, ngesiqhelo abantu basebenza ngaphakathi windows, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ungafuna ukuhanahanisa iiwindow. Nantsi ekhawulezayo imboniselo engaphaya yeqhelekileyo imisebenzi ezalanayo ye window:

Yisa iwindow

  Tsala ibar yewonga ye window, okanye bamba i &Alt; isitshixo phantsi kwaye tsala naphi na kwi window.

Linganisela kwakhona iwindow:

  Tsala umda we window, okanye bamba i &Alt; isitshixo phantsi kwaye tsala nge &RMB; iqhosha lemouse naphi na kwi window.

Yenza nkulu iwindow

  Nqakraza iqhosha lokwenza nkulu kwibar yewonga (kolungagqibekanga uhombiso lisisikweri, ecaleni kuka X) ukwenza iwindow igcwalise ikhusi, okanye ukuba iwindow sele yenziwe nkulu, ukuyishwabanisa kwakhona kubungakanani bayo boqobo. Ukunqakraza nge &MMB; kwenza nkulu iwindow ngokuthe nkqo; i RMB;, ngokuthe tye.

Iconifaya iwindow

  Nqakraza iqhosha lokwenza i icon kwibar yewonga (ecaleni kokwenza nkulu) ukufihla iwindow. Yifumane kwakhona ngokunqakraza kwi icon yewindow kwibar yomsebenzi.

Switsha phakathi kweewindow

  Ngaphandle konqakrazo lwemouse lwesiqhelo ukuswitsha kwenye iwindow, unga sebenzisa &Alt; Isithuba ukuswitsha iiwindow. Bona ngezantsi iindlela zokuphumeza.

#### Amaqhosha ebar Yewonga

&kde; iiwindow zinamaqhosha amahle asezantsi kwibar zazo zewonga ezikunika unikezelo olukhawulezayo kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Ubeko lweqhosha elingagqibekanga lujongeka kanje:

##### Kwicala lasekhohlo:

- Iqhosha lemenu. Oku kuqhele ukubonisa i icon encinane yesicelo. Nqakraza kuyo ukufumana imenu yemisebenzi yewindow. Indlela emfutshane: &Alt; F3 ivula imenu yewindow.

- Iqhosha elingasebenzisaniyo, ngomfanekiso obukhali. Yingxaki enjali le nto? hlala usebenza!

##### Kwicala lsekunene:

- Iqhosha loku iconifaya.

- Iqhosha lokwenza nkulu.

- Iqhosha lokuvala. Oku kuvala iwindow. Indlela emfutshane: &Alt; F4.

#### Iswitsha phakathi kwee window

Ngoku siyazi indlela yokusebenza ngee window sikukhuthaza uvule ezinye iiwindow ngeqela lenjongo ukusukela ukuba sizakuxoxa ngoku indlela yokuswitsha phakathi kwezahlukeneyo iiwindow. Ukusukela ukuba oku kungumsebenzi oqhelekilyo, &kde; inikeza iindlela ezininzi zokuyenza, chola oyithandayo!

Iindlela ezininzi zewindow zifuna ukunqakraza imouse kwenye iwindow ukuqala ukuyisebenzisa. Le yi &kde;'s ukuziphatha okungagqibekanga, okubizwa Nqakraza Kuqwalaselo qwalasela inkqubo. Kodwa ungaqwalasela eyakho idesktop ngendlela osisa ngayo isalathisi semouse kwi window kuzakuyisebenzisa. Oku kubizwa nge Uqwalaselo Lulandela Imouse. Ukuba ukhetha inkqubo usebenzisa i KDE Umbindi Wolawulo, iwindow phantsi kwesalathisi semouse sisoloko sisesona sisebenzayo. Ayizi phambili ngokuyimfuneko ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa unganqakraza kwibar yewonga okanye umda we window okanye-- i &kde; ethile -- ungasebenzisa i &Alt; isitshixo kwaye nqakrzaza i phakathi iqhosha le mouse naphi na kwi window ukuyinyusa.

Nazi ezinye iindlela zokuswitsha iiwindow:

- Chola iwindow kwi uluhlu lwe window menu. Ukuvula imenu, nqakraza i phakathi iqhosha lemouse kwengenanto i ariya yedesktop, okanye nqakraza i icon ngezininzi iiwindow kwiqela lenjongo, okanye okokugqibela nqakraza utolo oluphezulu kwisiphelo sesandla sasekhohlo sebar yomsebenzi kwiqela lenjongo.

- Bamba phantsi i &Alt; isitshixo kwaye cinezela Isithuba ukurhangqa ngapha kwee window.

- Sebenzisa ibar yomsebenzi (bona ngezantsi).

### Usebenzisa Ibar yomsebenzi

I ibar yomsebenzi ibonisa uluhlu lwe icon ezincinane, enye yewindow nganye kwi desktop. Kwengagqibekanga &kde; cwangcisa ibar yomsebenzi ibekwe ngaphakathi kwiqela lenjongo, kodwa ingabekwa phezulu okanye ezantsi kwekhusi.

Ibar yomsebenzi inamandla kakhulu: Unqakrazo olucacileyo nge ekhohlo iqhosha lemouse kwelona qhosha lebar yomsebenzi lizakuzisa kwesikhethiweyo izicelo ngokukhawuleza. Nqakraza ungeniso nge phakathi iqhosha lemouse uku iconifaya/ukunga iconifayi iwindow. Okokugqibela kodwa okungakuncinananga, i ekunene iqhosha lemouse lizakuvelisa imenu yentsingiselo, ngemisebenzi ye window ekhethiweyo.

Ungakhetha ukubona zonke iiwindow kuzo zonke iidesktop kweyakho ibar yomsebenzi, noba yeyiphi idesktop oyiboniselayo ngoku, okanye ukubona kuphela ii icon zedesktop ojonge kuzo. Ungakhetha kwakhona ukudibanisa ii icon, ukuze zonke ezivuliweyo &konqueror; iiwindow zibonise njenge icon enye, kwaye ukunqakraza nokubamba iqhosha lemouse kulo icon kuzakuvelisa uluhlu lokukhetha kulo. Ezi nezininzi iinketho zikhona ngokucacileyo ngokunqakraza ekunene kumqheba webar yomsebenzi (ibar encinane eyakhiweyo kwicala lesandla sasekunene) kwaye ukhetha Ezikhethwayo.

Ii icon kwibar yomsebenzi ziyazilinganisela ukwenza igumbi lezicelo, ngoko ungalunga kwizicelo ezininzi kunokuba ucinga. Yenza iqela lenjongo banzi, lizakuvumela ii icon zebar yomsebenzi zithatha umqolo nobeko lomhlathi, kodwa zizakulinganisela ukulungela ii icon ezingaphezulu.

### Usebenzisa iDesktops Ezinesiqhamo

Ngoku, yayiyintoni leyo ebukhali into?

Inokwenzeka ukuba unewindo ezininzi ezivuliweyo kunesithuba kweyakho idesktop. Kulo mzekelo unezinto ezintathu ezinokwenzeka:

1. Shiya zonke iiwindow zivuliwe (echakiweyo idesktop)

2. Iconifaya ezo window ongazifuniyo ngoku kwaye ezisebenzisa ibar yomsebenzi okanye &Alt; Isithuba ukuswitsha phakathi kwazo (kwaye isadidekisa kancinane kwaye zingumsebenzi omninzi!)

3. Ithethelelwe: Yenza okwenziwa yindlela yokusebenza yenene ukuba akukho nkumbulo yaneleyo ebonakalayo: Sebenzisa inkumbulo enesiqhamo, kulo mzekelo ezinesiqhamo iidesktop.

Umba 3 yindlela yokuya! &kde; ingaphatha ezininzi ezahlukeneyo iidesktop, nganye ngezayo iiwindow. Uqwalaselo olungagqibekanga lunikeza ezine iidesktop. Ungaswitsha phakathi kwezinesiqhamo iidesktop lula ngonqakrazo kwelinye lamaqhosha edesktop kwiqela lenjongo. Kwakhona &Ctrl;F1...F8 izakukuthumela ehambelanayo idesktop ngokukhawuleza, okanye &Ctrl; Isithuba izakurhangqa ngapha kwee desktop.

Ezinesiqhamo iidesktop zintle kakhulu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ufuna iwindow ibekhona kwi yonke desktop. Oku kunokuba ngumzekelo wencoko encinane yewindow okanye ikloko ye alam okanye nantoni na. Kulo mzekelo ungasebenzisa okukhankanywe nasentla ebukhali iqhosha elizakuqhobosha iwindow kwisiqalo ukuze sivele kwenesiqhamo nganye idesktop.

Iqhosha elibukhali lingasetyenziswa ukusa iwindow kwenye enesiqhamo idesktop ukuya kwenye: tyhala iqhosha elibukhali kwi window, switsha kweyahlukileyo idesktop, kwaye khupha iqhosha ngokulityhala kwakhona. Kulula kakhulu ukuba usebenzisa intsingiselo yemenu ye pop-up menu yongeniso lwe window kwibar yomsebenzi (umba wemenu Kweyangoku desktop) okanye i thumela ku ukhetho kwimenu yemisebenzi yewindow.

## Iphatha iifayile zakho

Oluqhelekileyo ufako lwegama lomzobo wee desktop lusebenziso lweencwadi ukumela abalawuli kwihard diski yakho. Iincwadi ziqulathe iifayile nezinye iincwadi ezineenkcukacha. I &kde; isicelo sibizwa nge &konqueror;, Umphathi weFayile ye K, usebenzisa olu fakelo lwegama ukunceda ukuphatha iifayile zakho.

### Usebenzisa i &konqueror;

Ixesha lokuqala uqala i &kde;, iwindow ngezininzi ii icon kuyo ziyavela. Le yi &konqueror; window ebonisa iifayile kulawulo lakho lasekhaya (i ariya apho iifayile zakho zobuntu zigcinwa khona). Igama lomendo lwencwadi liboniswa phantsi kwebar yesixhobo yewindow. Ukuba awuboni iwindow enjalo ngoku, nqakraza nge icon kwiqela lenjongo elijongeka njengencwadi ngomfanekiso wendlu.

Ukuvula ifayile okanye incwadi eneenkcukacha, yinqakrzaze kanye nge &LMB; iqhosha lemouse. Ungakhetha kwakhona Window Bonisa Ibar esecaleni kwi menu ukubonisa iqela lencwadi yolawulo oluthe ngqo olungaphezulu. Okanye ungahlela umendo oboniswe phantsi kwebar yesixhobo ukufumana ngokukhawuleza kulawulo olukhankanyiweyo.

#### Ivula Iifayile

&kde; iza neqela lezicelo ukubonisela nokuhlela ezininzi eziqhelekileyo iindidi zeefayile, kwaye xa unqakraza ifayile equlathe, yithi, uxwebhu okanye umfanekiso, &konqueror; izakuqala esona sicelo ukubonisa ifayile. Ukuba ayisazi esona sicelo sokuqala ukuvula ifayile oyinqakrazileyo, &konqueror; izakunceda ngegama lesicelo uksebenza, kwaye xa ukhethe i, &konqueror; izakunika ukukhumbula ukhetho lwakho lwexesha elizayo uvula ezo fayile.

&konqueror; isebenzisa MIME iindidi ukudibanisa iifayile ngezicelo.

#### Itsala kwaye Ilahle ii icon

Ukukhuphela okanye ukusa ifayile, tsala ngokucacileyo i icon yayo kwi desktop, ukuya kwenye &konqueror; window, okanye kwi icon yencwadi eneenkcukacha. Xa ukhupha iqhosha, &konqueror; ibonisa imenu ukukuvumela ukhethe ukukhuphela, ukusa, okanye ukwenza ikhonkco kwifayile.

Qaphela ukuba ukhetha ukwenza ikhonkco, &kde; yenza i &UNIX; ikhonkco elinophawu (hayi ikhonkco eliqinileyo), ngoko ukuba usa okanye ucima ifayile yoqobo, ikhonkcolizakwaphulwa.

Ezininzi &kde; izicelo zixhasa kwakhona imisebenzi yotsalo nolahlo: ungatsala kwaye ulahle i icon kwi window yesicelo esisebenzayo, okanye kwi icon yesicelo esingaqalwanga, ukuba nesicelo esivula ifayile. Yizame!

#### Icwangcisa Iimpahla zeFayile

Ukutshintsha iimpahla yefayile, njengegama neemvume, &RMB; nqakraza i icon kwaye ukhethe Iimpahla kwi menu.

### Isebenza ngeNdawo zokugcina Nemisebenzi yomnatha

Ekusondeleni kwexesha elidlulileyo, ufune izixhobo ezithile zecomputer ukunikezela iifayile kwi Internet. Hayi kwakhona!

&kde; KDE ixhasa iteknoloji ebizwa nge Unikezelo Olubonisa ngaphaya Lomsebenzi Womnatha (NTA) ekuvumela ukuba usebenze ngeefayile kwelinye icala lehlabathi ngokulula njengezo kweyakho yobulali ihard diski.

Umzekelo, ukunikeza iifayile kwi &FTP; umncedisi, khetha nje Indawo Vula Indawo kwi &konqueror; menu, kwaye ngenisa i URL ye &FTP; umncedisi. Ungatsala kwaye ulahle iifayile kwiincwadi ezineenkcukacha kumncedisi njengokungathi zazikweyobulali idiski. Uzakukwazi ukuvula iifayile kwi &FTP; umncedisi ngaphandle kokuba nokuzikhuphela kweyakho yobulali idiski (&kde; iyakwenzela xa kuyimfuneko).

Qaphela ukuba &konqueror; isebenzisa engenagama &FTP; unikezelo, oluzakwenza umda kunikezelo lwakho kwiifayile kwi &FTP; umncedisi. Ukuba unetyala kumncedisi, unganikeza umsebenzisi wakho ID njengenxenye yeURL, njengoku: ``ftp://``userid`@`umncedisi`/`ulawulo``

&konqueror; izakunceda ngegama lakho eligqithisiweyo, kwaye ukuba igama eligqithisiweyo liyaphumelela, uzakubanonikezelo olupheleleyo kwiifayile zakho kumncedisi.

Ukuba sele uqhele i WinZip into eluncedo kwi &Microsoft; &Windows;, ngoko uzakonwaba ukuva ukuba &kde; ingajonga kwindawo zokugcina zetar, naozo. Iziphatha iindawo ezinjalo njengeqhelekileyo incwadi eneenkcukacha -- ungakhangela kwindawo yokugcina, vula iifayile, njalo-njalo. Ngokubanzi, inikeza iifayile kwi Internet nakwindawo zokugcina zinokujongeka kwaye uzive njengokunikeza iifayile kweyobulali idiski, ngaphandle kolibaziseko olwenziwa ngumsebenzi womnatha.

### Usebenzisa iTemplates ukunikeza Izicelo naMacebo

Kwi &kde; kulula ukubeka ii icon kwiqela lenjongo okanye kwidesktop ukunikeza izicelo zakho. Kulula nje ukudibanisa ii icon ukunikeza eminye imiba enomdla. &kde; inetemplates zendlela ezimfutshane:

- Izicelo

- Abashicileli

- Amacebo Anyusekayo (&eg; floppy drives)

- Internet amacebo (umzekelo; WWW amaxwebhu, &FTP; abalawuli)

- Amaxwebhu ezinye i &kde; 's &koffice; izicelo.

Ungadibanisa enye yale miba kwi desktop nge &RMB; unqakraza apho uyifuna khona i icon, kwaye ukhethe Yenza Entsha kwaye ukhethe umba ofuna ukudibanisa kuwo.

Kufutshane umba ngamnye kuMqali Wesicelo, kwi desktop, nakwiqela lenjongo libhekisa ku `.desktop` ifayile kwidiski. I `.desktop` ifayile ikhankanya i icon ezakuboniswa, njengolwazi oluthile malunga nokumelwe yi icon (isicelo, iceboi, okanye i URL). Ungatsala nayiphi na `.desktop` ifayile kwiqela lenjongo ukwenza iqhosha lokwazisa-elikhawulezayo.

#### Inyusa amacebo

&UNIX; inikeza unikezelo kumacebo okugcina angaphandle kwesezantsi hard diski ngapha kwenkqubela ebizwa ngokuba yi iyanyuka. &kde; isebenzisa `.desktop` iifayile ukukuvumela ukunyusa ngokulula, ukunganyusi, nokunikeza iifayile kumacebo okugcibnba aphakathi njenge floppy drives ne &cdrom; drives.

Njengomzekelo, nanga amanqwanqwa afunwayo ukwenza i icon ukunikezela iifayile kwifloppy diski.

Iindlela ezininzi zikufuna ulogwe ngaphakathi njenge ingcambu ukunyusa nokunganyusi amacebo.

1. Ekunene nqakraza kwi desktop kwaye ukhethe Yenza Entsha Icebo le Floppy....

2. Kwi Ngokubanzi isithuba sencoko yababini, tshintsha igama njengoko uthanda, kwibhokisi yokubhaliweyo ngasentla.

3. Kwi Icebo isithuba, ngenisa `/dev/fd0` (okanye umendo kwicebo le floppy njengokubizwe kwindlela yakho) njenge Icebo.

4. Ungadibanisa i Incopho Yokunyuka apha nayo. Oku kunokuba lolukhoyo ulawulo, kodwa olungenanto. Iincopho zokunyuka eziqhelekileyo zi `/mnt/floppy` okanye `/floppy`, kodwa unganazo ngokulula floppy disks ezinyuswe njenge `~/mydisk` ukuba uyafuna.

5. Nqakraza i I icon enganyuswanga kwaye khetha umfanekiso we floppy disk ngaphandle kokukhanya okuluhlaza.(okwengca)

6. Xa wonwabile ngenketho zakho, khetha KULUNGILE kwaye ugqibile!

Ngoku, beka ifloppy efomatwe kakukhle kuqhubo kwaye nqakraza i Floppy icon ukubane &kde; nyusa ifloppy drive kwaye bonisa iifayile kwidiski. Phambi kokususa idiski kuqhubo, &RMB; nqakraza i Floppy icon kwaye khetha Sukunyusa kwi menu.

## Iqwalasela idesktop yakho

Ukuba awuyithandi into malunga nendlela idesktop ejongeka ngayo okanye esebenza ngayo, ungayitshintsha. &kde; iqwalaselwe kakuhle kwaye ungatshintsha phantse isiphumo ngasinye senkangeleko no kuziphatha kwedesktop yakho. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye i &UNIX; iimeko-bume zedesktop, awunakuhlela iifayile zoqwalaselo zofihlo, noba (kodwa ungakwazi ukuba ngenene uyafuna)!Usebenzisa i &kcontrol;, inkqubo ethile yokuqwalasela idesktop yakho.

### Usebenzisa i KDE Umbindi Wolawulo

Yazisa i &kcontrol; kwi Umqali Wesicelo. Iwindow enezahlulo ezimbinio iyavela, ibonisa uluhlu lweminqongo kwisahlulo sasekhohlo.

Vula umnqongo ngokunqakraza igama lawo; uluhlu lweminqongo esezantsi izakuvela. Ngoko, nqakraza elinye lamagama odidi lomnqongo osezantsi ukuhlela uqwalaselo layo kwisahlulo esisekunene.

Ukutsintsha uqwalaselo kujonge phambili. Iqhosha loncedo likhona kwiqela ngalinye loqwalaselo ukuchaza izicwangciso ezingalindelwanga. Iqela ngalinye linamaqhosha anombhalo Uncedo, Sebenzisa okungagqibekanga, Faka, ne Cwangcisa kwakhona, esebenza njengokulandelayo:

Uncedo

  Ibonisa okubhaliweyo koncedo olufutshane kwisahlulo sesandla sasekhohlo, iquka ikhonkco kwincwadi ende yombuzo womnqongo.

Sebenzisa okungagqibekanga

  Icwangcisa zonke iinketho kumnqongo wangoku mva kokugqibekileyo ngexesha &kde; yafakwa.

Faka

  Ifaka izicwangciso zangoku kumnqongo wangoku wokuvula.

Cwangcisa kwakhona

  Cwangcisa kwakhona iinketho kwindawo ezikuyo xa uvule umnqongo. Ukuba sele usebenzise i Faka iqhosha, ngoko eli qhosha lizakucwangcisa kwakhona iinketho kwindawo ebezikuyo xa ucinezele Faka.

Ukuba wenza utshintsho kwiqela elinye loqwalaselo kwaye uye kumnqongo owahlukileyo ngaphandle kokunqakraza i Kulungile okanye Faka kuqala, &kcontrol; izakuncedisa ukuba utshgintsho lwakho luzakufakwa kuqala.

### Iminqongo yoqwalaselo

Nantsi imboniselo emfutshane yeendidi zomnqongo zoqwalaselo olungundoqo:

Ukhangelo lwefayile

  Iqulathe iinketho ezizalana nendlela obonisela ngayo imixholo yendlela yakho yobulali.

Ulwazi

  Iqulathe iminqongo ongenakuyisebenzisa ukutshintsha nantoni na. Babonisa ulwazi oluluncedo malunga necomputer yakho endaweni yoko.

Jonga & Yiva

  Apha ufumana iminqongo enesiphumo esibonakalayo ekhulu kweyakho imeko-bume: Imibala, iintlobo, izihombiso ze window. kufutshane yonke into oyibonayo ingenziwa ukulungelana nezingcamlo zakho, kwaye izinto ezimbalwa ezingenako, zizakwenzeka ngokukhawuleza.

Umsebenzi womnatha

  Indawo yokuqwalasela indlela icomputer yakho ebona ngayo ihlabathi phandle, njengendlela ihlabathi elikubona ngayo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto ungacwangcisa ezisezantsi iziqwalaselo ze email apho ezininzi &kde; izicelo zingayisebenzisa, ukukugcina ubenokungenisa ulwazi olunye ngapha nangapha, unga cwangcisa i SOCKS inkxaso yomlilo wodonga, kwaye ungaqwalasela iiwindow (SMB) izahlulo... nokuninzi.

Iilayini zomda

  Iqulathe izicwangciso zebhodi yezitshixo nemouse.

Ubuntu bakho

  Apha ungacwangcisa izinto ezenza ubomi bakho bubelula, ukusuka kwimisebenzi yonikezelo ukuya kwindawo ekuyo, ukuze i &kde; izicelo ziyayazi indlela othanda ukubona ngayo amanani nemihla efomatiweyo, umzekelo.

Ulawulo Lamandla

  Ukuba umboniso wakho uxhasa imisebenzi yogcino yamandla, okanye usebenzisa ulwaleko oluphezulu, le yindawo yokuziqwalasela.

Isandi

  Qwalasela idaemon yesandi (&artsd;) nokunye ukuziphatha okuvakalayo.

Indlela yokusebenza

  Apha ungacwangcisa imisebenzi eseleyo yendlela - indlela i &konsole; ne &kdm; izicelo ziphethe ngayo, cwangcisa ushicilelo, kwaye cwangcisa umhla wendlela yakho. Awunakukwazi ukucwangcisa ezinye zezi nketho ngaphandle kokuba ulogwe ngaphakathi njnge ingcambu, kodwa &kcontrol; izakuvumela wazi ukuba lo ngumzekelo.

Ukhangelo lwe Web

  Nge Internet, ingakumbi iweb eliqela elipheleleyo lecomputer yehlabathi lanamhlanje, kukho iinketho ezininzi ezizakucwangciswa ukuphawula ulwazi lwakho. Uzakuzifumana apha, ekucwangciseni amakhasi ohlobo lesiko, ukuya kwabanegunya lokusebenzela omnye nokugcina.

Qhuba! Xilonga imisebenzi yoqwalaselo kwaye fumana ugobeko lwe &kde;.

## Iloga ngaphandle

Siyathemba kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa i &kde; kukunika indlalo enkulu kunye nolonwabo ongenakufuna ukuloga ngaphandle. Kodwa ukuba kunjalo, ngokucacileyo khetha Umqali wesicelo loga ngaphandle.

Kukho kwakhona iqhosha lokuloga ngaphandle ngqo kwiqela lenjongo, elijongeka njengeqhosha lamandla amancinane. Okanye ungacinezela &Ctrl; &Alt; Cima ukuloga ngaphandle.

### Abaphathi bentlanganiso

Xa uloga ngaphandle, &kde; ikhumbula ukuba zeziphi izicelo ozivulileyo, njengendawo apho zonke iiwindow zibekwe khona, ukuze ibenokuzivuella wena ixesha elizayo uloga ngaphakathi. Lo msebenzi ubizwa nge Abaphathi Bentlanganiso. &kde; izicelo zokulindela zizakugcina kwakhona zona kwindawo ebezikuyo xa ubuloga ngaphandle. Umzekelo, &kate; ikhumbula ukuba zeziphi iifayile obuzihlela.

Ezingeyo-KDE izicelo azinkqayi indawo yazo kulogo langaphandle, ne KDE izakukulumkisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugcina nayiphi na idata ebalulekileyo kuzo xa uqala ukuloga ngaphandle.

Ukucacisa ngomfanekiso abaphathi bentlanganiso, khetha Umqali wesicelo Izicelo Umhleli ukuqala &kedit;. Vula uxwebhu lokubhaliweyo ukuhlela. Ngoku loga ngaphandle nangasemva. Uzaku bukela ukuba i &kate; izakugcinwa kwakhona kwindawo eyiyo enye kwikhusi, iquka eyasekunene enesiqhamo idesktop noxwebhu esilushiye luvuliwe kwi &kate; phambi kokuloga ngaphandle ivulwe kwakhona ngokuzenzekelayo. &kate; izakukhumbula noba awulugcinanga utshintsho lwakho kuxwebhu lakho phambi kokuloga ngaphandle kwaye uzakuyigcina kwifayile obusebenza kuyo ukuba ukhetha Gcina kwi Fayile menu.

## &kde;, utyelelo oluvuyisayo

Sithemba ukuba ulonwabele olu tyelelo olufutshane lwemeko-bume lwe Desktop kwaye le inye imeko-bume ye desktop izakukunceda ufumane umsebenzi wakho wenziwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukhululeke kunakuqala.

Nceda khumbula ukuba i &kde; projekti

Njengoko unokubona kukho iindlela ezininzi apho unganceda khona. Umenywe kakhulu ukudibana nalo msebenzi womnatha wehlabathi-ngokubanzi wabantu owenzelwe ukwenza &kde; imeko-bume engcono ye desktop yayo nayiphi icomputer. Nceda ndwendwela www.kde.org ulwazi oluninzi.

Wamkelekile ngokubanzi kutyelelo oluvuyisayo,

`Iqela lakho le KDE`

## Izihloko zaphambili

### Iindidi ze Mime

&kde; iza ngenani le &MIME; iindidi ezichazwe ngaphambili, kodwa ungadibanisa eyakho &MIME; iindidi ngokukhetha Izicwangciso Qwalasela Iindibaniso Zefayile kwi &konqueror; window.

&kde;'s uphatho lwe &MIME; iindidi linamandla kakhulu, kwaye luqwalaseleka kakhulu. Kwesinye isandla, ungacwangcisa intshukumo ezakwenziwa xa unqakraza kwifayile kwi &konqueror;. Nje kuluncedo, ungadibanisa iintshukumo ezininzi, ezikhoyo ngoko nge &RMB; nqakraza imenu kwifayile kumbuzo.

#### Ukudibanisa udidi lwefayile oluthile ngesicelo esithile:

1. Qiniseka ukuba isicelo ofuna ukuqala ngaso olu didi lwefayile lunongeno kwi Umqali Wesicelo menu.

2. Kwi &konqueror; fumana okanye yenza ifayile ngolwandiso onqwenela ukuyidibanisa.

3. Ekunene nqakraza kwifayile, kwaye khetha Hlela Udidi Lwefayile kwimenu yentsingiselo, okanye khetha Hlela Hlela Udidi Lwefayile kwi &konqueror;'s menu bar.

4. Dibanisa izigqumathelo zefayile zesicelo ngokunqakraza i Dibanisa iqhosha, kwaye ungenise umlinganiselo wefayile owufunayo. Khumbula ukuba i Unix ingumzekelo onovakalelo, ngoko ungafuna ukudibanisa umahluko - `*.mp3` zizakufuna `*.MP3` zidityaniswe nazo, U mzekelo. Dibanisa izandiso ezininzi ozithandayo kule ndlela.

5. Dibanisa inkcazelo ukuba uyathanda. Oku kukodwa.

6. Kwicandelo elinombhalo Indlela Ekhethiweyo Yesicelo, cinezela i Dibanisa iqhosha. Iphepha lomfanekiso omncinane opeyintiweyo we Umqali Wesicelo menu izakuvula, apho ungakhetha khona isicelo ofuna iifayile zolu didi zivulwe ngayo.

7. Ngamanye amaxesha, ungafuna ukusebenzisa isicelo esahlukileyo ukuvula olu didi lwefayile. Umzekelo, ungathanda ukusebenzisa i &kate; ukuvula iifayile zokubhaliweyo onqwenela ukuzihlela, ne &kedit; iifayile zokubhaliweyo ufuna nje ukuthatha ujongo olukhawulezayo kuyo. Ungongeza ezininzi izicelo kwindlela enye njengoko wenzile kwinqwanqwa lokugqibela, kwaye ungatshintsha indlela ekhethiweyo usebenzisa i Yiya Phezulu ne Yiya Ezantsi amaqhosha.

8. Ukuba wonelisekile zinketho zakho, unganqakraza i Faka iqhosha ukugcina utshintsho lwakho ngaphandle kokuvala ibhokisi yencoko yababini. Oku kukunika ithuba lokuvavanya kwi Konqueror window apho udibaniso lwefayile yakho lulunge khona. ungakhetha KULUNGILE ukugcina utshintsho lwakho kwaye vala ibhokisi yencoko yababini, okanye Cima ukuba utshintshe ingqondo yakho kwaye ufuna nje ukuvala ibhokisi yencoko yababini.

Qiniseka ukuzama udibaniso olutsha lwakho ngokuvula ulawulo oluqulathe ifayile yodidi olukhethileyo. Nqakraza kwifayile, nenkqubo efunwayo ukuyihlela inokuqala.

&MIME; iindidi ziyindlela yokuchaza imixholo yefayile. Ungasetyenziswa ukusebenzisa izandiso zefayile zalo njongo, kwaye ungazi ukuba lo nto kwi &UNIX; iindlela isandiso sefayile siveza okuncinane okanye akukho luzalano kwimixholo yefayile. Kwesinye isandla, inokuba nempumelelo - umzekelo, ezinye izizalisekiso ze `gunzip` azinakusebenza kwifayile ezingenagama eliyi `.gz`.

&MIME; iindidi zenza usebenziso lwemilinganiselo yegama lefayile, kodwa hayi izandiso - ungacwangcisa nawuphi na umlinganiselo wegama lefayile olithandayo. Umzekelo, ukuba usoloko ufuna ukuvula naziphi na iifayile ezizalana nomxhasi othile nge &kate;, kwaye wenza isiqhelo sokunika amagama iifayile ngegama lomxhasi ekuqaleni ukuze zibengamaqela akwantu kwi &konqueror; window, ngoko ungacwangcisa umlinganiselo wegama lefayile elithelekisekayo `^igama lomxhasi*`. Ngoko naziphi iifayile ezine igama lomxhasi kwi siqalo (u ^ msebenzi uthetha iqala nge...) kwaye ngaphandle kwenkangelo kwamanye amagama efayile.

## Amatyala

### Ababhali

- Matthias Ettrich ettrich@kde.org

- Kalle Dahlheimer kalle@kde.org

- Torben Weiss weis@kde.org

- Bernd Wuebben wuebben@kde.org

- Stephen Schaub sschaub@bju.edu - Umhleli

- Robert Williams rwilliams@kde.org - Umhleli

- Lauri Watts lauri@kde.org - Isithuba esongeziweyo &kde; 2.x impahla yokusebenza.

Translation Antoinette Dekeni antoinette@translate.org.za

&underFDL;