From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 00:04:40 2001
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From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Bernard's implied issues
Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2001 21:03:45 -0700
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Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org] writes:

> So folks feel comfortable with straight auth and encr transforms being
> encoded, with no actual implied usage?
>
> Should 3DES-CBC be used with IPSec, WEP, ???
>
> Maybe RC4-128 could be used with TLS??

I think a better question is, "What is the difference between the keys used
with the same algorithm in different protocols?"  Is there some fundamental
difference between 3DES keys for PPP and 3DES keys for IPSEC?  Or 128-bit
RC4 keys for MPPE or TLS?  I don't think so.

>
> I'm not sure I'm too crazy on this. I MUCH prefer keeping
> the draft as-is.

BTW, I'm not too thrilled w/making the key lifetime dependant on the
authorization lifetime:  I can think of many situations in which a user
might be authorized for unlimited service, but encryption keys need to be
chamged at a regular interval.  Also, the current language seems to assume
that the NAS will go back to the AAA server whenever new keys are needed,
which is certainly not the case.

>
> PatC
> On Fri, Aug 31, 2001 at 04:48:49PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> > >I dispute that WEP constitues a ciphersuite. Perhaps RC4-128?
> >
> > This does make more sense. So instead of MPPE and WEP, we'd have:
> >
> > RC4-40   [MPPE, WEP]
> > RC4-128 [MPPE, WEP-128]
> > 3DES-CBC [PPP 3DES]
> > DES-CBC [PPP DES]
> >
> > I'd suggest that the ciphersuite code be structured as two
> > two-octet fields, one for auth, one for encryption:
> >
> > Auth                       Encryption
> > ====                       ==========
> > None                       None
> > HMAC-MD5                   RC4-40
> > HMAC-SHA1                  RC4-128
> > AES-CBC-MAC                DES-CBC
> >                            3DES-CBC
> >                            AES-CBC
> >                            AES-CTR
> >
> >
> > So PPP DES would be DES-CBC with NONE, MPPE would be RC4-40 with NONE,
> > etc.
> >
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 00:41:56 2001
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        "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Bernard's implied issues
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> > So folks feel comfortable with straight auth and encr transforms being
> > encoded, with no actual implied usage?
> >
> > Should 3DES-CBC be used with IPSec, WEP, ???
> >
> > Maybe RC4-128 could be used with TLS??

I seem to like the pure algorithm approach more, because
it would be better usable in new contexts. However, the
issue with straight algorithms is that a NAS might not
know what it needs to do, say if it has ESP DES and PPP-DES,
which one will it choose? Also, protocols like ESP have more
options than just the algorithms.

One way to deal with this is to just bundle everything
with the usage, e.g. PPP-CBC-DES-NO-AUTH.
Another way to deal with this is to have a set of
AVPs now that enables us to express our known
combinations now (Usage, Encryption Alg, Integrity
Alg), with the expectation that if somebody wants to
define how this works for IPsec, he needs to add new
AVPs -- later.

I would perhaps like the latter approach more.

Jari





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 13:03:31 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Bernard's implied issues
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> Yes; I suppose that algorithms that do both auth& encryption (e.g. AES-OCB)
> could just use the same value in both fields, right?  BTW, while we're here
> I wonder if it would be a good idea to add an (optional) IV to the group,
> for block ciphers (and the misbegotten WEP ;-)?
> 
So the AAA server would provide the starting IV?



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 13:07:28 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Glen Zorn <gwz@cisco.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Bernard's implied issues
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> I think a better question is, "What is the difference between the keys used
> with the same algorithm in different protocols?"  Is there some fundamental
> difference between 3DES keys for PPP and 3DES keys for IPSEC?  Or 128-bit
> RC4 keys for MPPE or TLS?  I don't think so.
> 
Yes, the existing draft language will cause an explosion of ciphersuites,
for no useful purpose.

> >
> > I'm not sure I'm too crazy on this. I MUCH prefer keeping
> > the draft as-is.
> 
> BTW, I'm not too thrilled w/making the key lifetime dependant on the
> authorization lifetime:  I can think of many situations in which a user
> might be authorized for unlimited service, but encryption keys need to be
> chamged at a regular interval.  Also, the current language seems to assume
> that the NAS will go back to the AAA server whenever new keys are needed,
> which is certainly not the case.
> 

Yes, this is broken. 




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 13:13:27 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: gwz@cisco.com, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Bernard's implied issues
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> I seem to like the pure algorithm approach more, because
> it would be better usable in new contexts. However, the
> issue with straight algorithms is that a NAS might not
> know what it needs to do, say if it has ESP DES and PPP-DES,
> which one will it choose? Also, protocols like ESP have more
> options than just the algorithms.
> 

That is handled by other AVPs. ESP DES can only be provided 
if there are Tunnel AVPs present. PPP encryption algorithms are negotiated
later, in ECP. So you would need to provide the NAS with a list of
acceptable algorithms to be negotiated within ECP. Right now the Grouped
AVP isn't structured correctly for this. You'd have to provide a separate
key for each algorithm you could negotiate. It makes more sense to provide
the key, and list of potential algorithms separately. 

> One way to deal with this is to just bundle everything
> with the usage, e.g. PPP-CBC-DES-NO-AUTH.
> Another way to deal with this is to have a set of
> AVPs now that enables us to express our known
> combinations now (Usage, Encryption Alg, Integrity
> Alg), with the expectation that if somebody wants to
> define how this works for IPsec, he needs to add new
> AVPs -- later.
> 




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 13:23:00 2001
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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Bernard's implied issues
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Bernard Aboba [mailto:aboba@internaut.com] writes:

> > Yes; I suppose that algorithms that do both auth& encryption
> (e.g. AES-OCB)
> > could just use the same value in both fields, right?  BTW,
> while we're here
> > I wonder if it would be a good idea to add an (optional) IV to
> the group,
> > for block ciphers (and the misbegotten WEP ;-)?
> >
> So the AAA server would provide the starting IV?

Possibly, yes.  This would seem to make sense at least in the EAP-TLS case,
since the IVs are derived on the EAP server and presumably returned to the
NAS (although I just noticed that RFC 2716 says "The peer encryption key
(the one used for encrypting data from peer to EAP server)" when I

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
can't see any reason why the peer would need to encrypt EAP server-bound
data in the protocol).

>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 14:00:08 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Glen Zorn <gwz@cisco.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Bernard's implied issues
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> > So the AAA server would provide the starting IV?
> 
> Possibly, yes.  This would seem to make sense at least in the EAP-TLS case,
> since the IVs are derived on the EAP server and presumably returned to the
> NAS (although I just noticed that RFC 2716 says "The peer encryption key
> (the one used for encrypting data from peer to EAP server)" when I
> 
> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> can't see any reason why the peer would need to encrypt EAP server-bound
> data in the protocol).
> 

Couldn't the IV be returned as part of the key? For example, in WEP-128,
there is a 24-bit IV and 104-bit key. 

The RFC 2716 quote above is a typo. Encryption only occurs between the
peer and the NAS. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 14:20:29 2001
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Bernard Aboba [mailto:aboba@internaut.com] writes:

> > > So the AAA server would provide the starting IV?
> >
> > Possibly, yes.  This would seem to make sense at least in the
> EAP-TLS case,
> > since the IVs are derived on the EAP server and presumably
> returned to the
> > NAS (although I just noticed that RFC 2716 says "The peer encryption key
> > (the one used for encrypting data from peer to EAP server)" when I
> >
> > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > can't see any reason why the peer would need to encrypt EAP server-bound
> > data in the protocol).
> >
>
> Couldn't the IV be returned as part of the key? For example, in WEP-128,
> there is a 24-bit IV and 104-bit key.

I suppose so, though they really are logically separate entities...

>
> The RFC 2716 quote above is a typo. Encryption only occurs between the
> peer and the NAS.
>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep  1 15:38:07 2001
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> That is handled by other AVPs. ESP DES can only be provided 
> if there are Tunnel AVPs present. PPP encryption algorithms are negotiated
> later, in ECP. So you would need to provide the NAS with a list of
> acceptable algorithms to be negotiated within ECP. Right now the Grouped
> AVP isn't structured correctly for this. You'd have to provide a separate
> key for each algorithm you could negotiate. It makes more sense to provide
> the key, and list of potential algorithms separately. 

Then open issue, and propose text, please.

PatC


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References: <20010830205637.G15109@charizard.diameter.org> <20010831100756.C22080@charizard.diameter.org> <008201c1324a$a365a1c0$8a1b6e0a@arenanet.fi>
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> > Issue 150: Steven and I both agree that adding an S/MIME & CMS introduction
> >            is really unnecessary, and we propose rejecting this issue. I
> >            am waiting for WG input before proceeding.
> 
> Well, after reading the issue and the exchanged e-mails, I too started
> to wonder why section 6.2 uses CMS directly, and 6.1 via S/MIME.
> Is this really so, or does this part need clarification? Or should I
> read the document again, carefully? ;-)

Maybe we both might do it ;-)) Maybe I should read again CMS
specification...

> I agree though that we don't need an introduction to S/MIME and
> CMS in this document. But some statement at the beginning on
> why CMS was selected might be in order. Say, at the end of 1.0,
> add "The Diameter CMS application provides end-to-end
> security within a Diameter network involving proxies. It
> leverages Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS),
> an application layer encapsulation format. CMS is
> widely used, and also forms the basis for the secure MIME
> format (S/MIME)."

It looks coherent. I would move either the mention to S/MIME toolkit
from its present placement to the suggested by Jari.

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep  3 05:03:14 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-03
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg02002.html
Document: Base-07, CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

Apart from the error codes related to OCSP there are only two other
errors: DIAMETER_KEY_UNKNOWN and DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA.

The former is related to the locally stored encryption key (symmetric)
while the later talks about CMS-*-Data AVPs.

The Base Protocol draft (7.1.3) states:

      DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA          3006
         The Request did not contain a valid CMS-Data [11] AVP.

While in the CMS Security draft (7.2) it is said that:

      DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA          5019
         This error code is returned when a CMS-Data AVP is received
         with an invalid ContentInfo object.

As stated in the reference mail, my first concern is about the
definition (which is slightly different) and the type of error (in the
base draft it's a protocol error while in the CMS draft it's a
permanent failure).

My second concern is about the error situations related to CMS. I can
foresee the following:

- In a DSA setup dialogue, the initiator can provide a set of "direct
trust" CA which isn't supported by the receiver. I understand that a
permanent failure code error must be issued.

- In a DSA setup dialogue, the initiator, once received the DSAA,
might fail to verify the conditions listed in section 3.1 of the CMS
draft. Like no ACK is foreseen in the specification, I understant that
when in a subsequent Diameter message, the initiator receives an AVP
related to CMS, this node should issue a permanent error. For example,
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED

- If a Diameter node receives a message with encrypted or signed AVPs
once the DSA has expired (or even with no previous DSA established),
the node should issue another error. Maybe, DIAMETER_DSA_EXPIRED (or
maybe making use of the former code suggested).

Requested change: 

I suggest unifying the definition of DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA in both
drafts (or maybe dropping the mention of the error in base draft).

For the rest of concerns, I'd add some clarifying text in order to
state wheter those are really error situations or not.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep  3 09:24:26 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se
Date first submitted: 2001-09-03
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg02002.html,
http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg02022.html
Document: Base-07, CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: Base (7.1.3), CMS (6.2)
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Apart from what I wrote in
http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg02022.html, I'd like to
add the following:

The Base Protocol draft (7.1.3) states:

 DIAMETER_CMS_SECURITY              3008
   A proxy has detected that CMS security has been applied to
   portions of the Diameter message, and the proxy does not allow
   this security mode since it needs to alter the message by
   applying some local policies.

I suppose that this error code has been superseded by the error codes
defined in CMS-02 1.2 (Establishing Security Relationships through
proxy agents).

Also, the CMS-02 draft (section 6.1) says that:

   If the signature cannot be verified correctly, a response with the
   Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH [1] MUST be returned.

I haven't found such a error code in Base-07

Requested change:

a) Drop error 3008 from base draft.
b) Correct which error code is issued when the signature isn't
properly verified.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep  3 13:54:27 2001
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> Requested change: 
> 
> I suggest unifying the definition of DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA in both
> drafts (or maybe dropping the mention of the error in base draft).

Done, the one in the base protocol draft has been removed.

> For the rest of concerns, I'd add some clarifying text in order to
> state wheter those are really error situations or not.
> 

The following result codes have been added:

      DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_TRUST           5020
         This error code is returned when a receiver receives a PDSR for which
         it has no common trust with the sender, which is required to establish 
         the DSA.

      DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED        5021
         A Diameter message refers to a Diameter Security Association which
         does not exist.

      DIAMETER_DSA_EXPIRED               5022
         A Diameter message refers to a Diameter Security Association which
         has expired.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep  3 14:00:21 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] DSA error codes (cont)
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> Requested change:
> 
> a) Drop error 3008 from base draft.
done

> b) Correct which error code is issued when the signature isn't
> properly verified.

      DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH             4012
         The signature in the CMS-Signed-Data AVP is invalid.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep  3 14:23:08 2001
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> of course that adding an S/MIME and CMS introduction would be
> unnecessary. Some precisions either:
> 
> - While there's a specific mention of MIME encoding of AVPs in 6.1
> (CMS-Signed-Data AVP):
> 
>   This means that where a set of AVPs is protected using CMS, the set
>   MUST first be encoded according to MIME encoding rules specified
> below.

correct.

> 
> and in the same paragraph (though talking about encryption + signing):
> 
>   The resulting CMS object MUST then be MIME encoded producing an
>   application/pkcs7-mime MIME type which is then used as the content
>   of the EnvelopedData. 

right.

> 
> there's no explicit mention of MIME enconding in 6.2
> (CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP). My oppinion is that such explicit mention to
> MIME should be included in 6.2 (at least if MIME enconding is
> necessary).

ok, here's the scoop (as I understand it). 6.1 specifies how the
CMS-Signed-Data AVP is created. This is done by taking a bunch of AVPs,
putting them through the signing transform, and taking the result, which
is included in the AVP itself. However, the AVPs themselves are never encoded
in any MIME format when included in the message.

6.2, on the other hand, is completely different. The encrypted data is
included in the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP.

So, in 6.1 the process is different from 6.2.

I believe that Stephen will need to help us out here with any additional
clarifications.

> 
> BTW, where are the MIME encoding rules specified "below"?

ok, that was wrong, and I've included the references to MIME, which discusses
the encoding mechanisms.

As far as the intro paragraph, I've come up with the following at the end
of section 1.0:


This Diameter application makes use of Cryptographic Message
Syntax (CMS), which a method used to secure MIME (S/MIME) 
messages. This application was designed to allow for Diameter
implementations to use existing S/MIME toolkits in order to
comply with this specification.

so, we're nearly there.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep  3 14:26:37 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Update on remaining issues
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Here's an update:

Issue 123: Still waiting for WG comments

Issue 150: Waiting for Stephen Farrell's input on helping make text
           consistent in 6.1 anf 6.2

Issue ???: Bernard and Glen have implied that the NASREQ spec's references
           to keys is incorrect. I am waiting for them to file an issue and
           propose some text.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep  3 21:36:25 2001
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i have heard whineing that the motivation in the introduction of
<draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-07.txt> is insufficient.  it "does not actually
present a full picture."

it seems to kinda tell a history, which, while nice, does not crisply lay
out the application domain and goals.

could a ticket be opened on this, please?  thanks.

randy


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep  3 21:38:56 2001
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Just out of curiosity, doesn't section 1.1, which defines what the protocol
does, address your issue?

If so, is it just a question of re-organizing the text?

PatC
On Mon, Sep 03, 2001 at 06:37:33PM -0700, Randy Bush wrote:
> i have heard whineing that the motivation in the introduction of
> <draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-07.txt> is insufficient.  it "does not actually
> present a full picture."
> 
> it seems to kinda tell a history, which, while nice, does not crisply lay
> out the application domain and goals.
> 
> could a ticket be opened on this, please?  thanks.
> 
> randy


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 05:08:16 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] DSA error codes
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> The following result codes have been added:
> 
>       DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED        5021
>          A Diameter message refers to a Diameter Security Association which
>          does not exist.
> 
>       DIAMETER_DSA_EXPIRED               5022
>          A Diameter message refers to a Diameter Security Association which
>          has expired.

May I suppose that appropriate references to this result codes have
been added to the draft (let's say to chapter 3.1)?

For example, before the sentence "The destination node returns the
...", I would add a paragraph similar to the following:


Once received a DSA-Request, the destination node MUST verify that:

- The digital signature included in the CMS-Signed-Data AVP can
  be verified (i.e. proper digital certificates are available to
  verify the digital signature).
- One of the Local-CA-info AVP values from the DSA-Request message
  can act as the top CA of a certificate chain down to the CA
  which has issued all the end entity certificates of the AAA
  servers in the Home Domain.

Otherwise a DSA-Answer with a Result-Code
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED must be issued.

[Maybe something here about OCSP, but really after so many changes I'd
need an up to date draft to sugest coherent changes]


Again, after the list of conditions written down in page 11, I'd add
somthing like the following:


If the initiator fail to verify all the conditions, the DSA MUST
NOT be considered as established. As no explicit acknowlegment
is considered by the protocol, when in a subsequent Diameter
message, the initiator receives an AVP related to this failed DSA
it should issue a Diameter message with a Result-Code
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED

Comments?

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 05:26:05 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] DSA error codes (III)
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se
Date first submitted: 2001-09-04
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 6.2
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

In chapter 6.2 it's written down that:

   When a conforming implementation receives a Diameter message which
   contains encrypted AVPs within a CMS EnvelopedData, the recipient
   MUST check to see if it is on the list of recipients specified in
the
   RecipientInfos of the EnvelopedData. If not, the recipient MAY
choose
   to process the message or indicate an error. If the recipient is in
   the RecipientInfos and an error occurs during decryption, then the
   recipient MUST indicate an error.

Two error situations are pointed:

- When the DSA recipient isn't in the list of recipients of
EnvelopedData.
- Being in the recipient list, an error occurs during decryption.

However, no Result-Code is provided in such situations.


Requested change:

a) create appropriate result codes (maybe DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT
and DIAMETER_DSA_DECRYPTION_FAILED)
b) clarify the previous paragraph including references to appropriate
result codes


Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 05:38:17 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] DSA error codes
References: <3B9347E1.64D3F6C9@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010903104246.B19656@charizard.diameter.org> <3B949A95.F8AFBF53@rioja.ericsson.se>
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Something missed:

Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> 
> Once received a DSA-Request, the destination node MUST verify that:
> 
> - The digital signature included in the CMS-Signed-Data AVP can
>   be verified (i.e. proper digital certificates are available to
>   verify the digital signature).
> - One of the Local-CA-info AVP values from the DSA-Request message
>   can act as the top CA of a certificate chain down to the CA
>   which has issued all the end entity certificates of the AAA
>   servers in the Home Domain.

 - It may agree on a TTL less or equal to the provided in the DSAA
   (via the DSA-TTL AVP or the earliest expiration of all
   certificates included in the message)

> Otherwise a DSA-Answer with a Result-Code
> DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED must be issued.

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 05:43:52 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-08-04
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: E
Priority: S
Section: 3.1
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The following item doesn't follow the convention to use references:

  - the certificate chain selected is cryptographically correct,
    passes the (relevant parts of the) rfc2459 path validation
    algorithm and terminates at a CA mentioned in the DSAR message

The rest of references uses the form [x], where x is the number of the
reference in 11.0

Requested change: 

Replace the quoted paragraph with the following:

  - the certificate chain selected is cryptographically correct,
    passes the (relevant parts of the)path validation algorithm
    specified in [4] and terminates at a CA mentioned in the
    DSAR message


Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 06:42:04 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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References: <3B9347E1.64D3F6C9@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010903104246.B19656@charizard.diameter.org> <3B949A95.F8AFBF53@rioja.ericsson.se>
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Something missed again:

Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:

> Again, after the list of conditions written down in page 11, I'd add
> somthing like the following:
> 
> If the initiator fail to verify all the conditions, the DSA MUST
> NOT be considered as established. As no explicit acknowlegment
> is considered by the protocol, when in a subsequent Diameter
> message, the initiator receives an AVP related to this failed DSA
> it should issue a Diameter message with a Result-Code
> DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED

What implies that the sentence previous to the list of items should be
dropped. At the moment, it's said:

   The originating Diameter node now has to check the response. Any
   failure results in error messages and auditing and not sending the
   Diameter message.

   Checks:
       - the certificate chain selected is cryptographically ...


A more proper solution might be:

   The originating Diameter node now has to check the DSA-Answer:
       - the certificate chain provided is cryptographically ...


And the previously issued paragraph after the list of checks.

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 08:22:40 2001
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From: john.loughney@nokia.com
To: fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com
Cc: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 128: duplicate packet detection failure case
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:23:30 +0300 
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Hi Fredrik,

> I don't like the idea of sending empty dummy packets, isn't 
> it enough to use the end-to-end identifier in the endpoints 
> to detect duplicate packets. If there are some duplicate packets 
> on the intermediate nodes, then so be it, it's just some extra 
> traffic, not that much processing.

Sorry for not responding sooner - I have been busy with a last
call of my own.

Sending the empty test packets (due to the non-responded messages)
to the recovered original peer node may not be the only way.

It was just one suggestion on how to improve the duplicate packet
removal efficiency in a node/link failure case. There can be
a checking efficiency improvement possibility also with
a minimal proposal.

A network or node failure will create lots of problems, of course.
We want to make sure that the mechanisms for overcoming and 
dealing with these failures is as robust as possible.  

A minimalist-change proposal would be just to include a
"possibly duplicated" packet flag to the message header.

I will try to make a more coherent proposal.

best regards,
John


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 09:03:27 2001
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From: jarno.rajahalme@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2001 16:04:13 +0300 
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Pat,

Would it be inappropriate at this time to ask the QoSFilterRule to be
extended to include an optional IPv6 flow label value (20 bits) to be
matched by the filter?

	Jarno

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: 1. heinäkuuta 2001 2:40
> To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
> 
> 
> All,
> 
> Below is the proposed text for this issue. Comments 
> appreciated, but proposed
> text even more :)
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> PatC
> ----
>       IPFilterRule
>          The IPFilterRule format is derived from the OctetString AVP
>          Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>          requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
>          on the following information that is associated with it:
> 
>             Direction                          (in or out)
>             Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
>             Protocol
>             Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
>             TCP flags
>             IP fragment flag
>             IP options
>             ICMP types
> 
>          Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
>          with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
>          packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
>          dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and 
> passed if
>          the last rule was a deny.
> 
>          IPFilterRule filters MUST follow the format:
> 
>             action dir proto from src to dst [options]
> 
>             action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
>                          deny   - Drop packets that match the rule.
> 
>             dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
>                          terminal.
> 
>             proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
>                          keyword means any protocol will match.
> 
>             src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
> 
>                          The <address/mask> may be specified as:
>                          ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
>                                     quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
>                                     this exact IP number will 
> match the
>                                     rule.
>                          ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
>                                     width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
>                                     this case all IP numbers from
> 
> 
> 
> Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                
>  [Page 34]
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Internet-Draft                                                
>  June 2001
> 
> 
>                                     1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
>                                     The bit width MUST be 
> valid for the
>                                     IP version and the IP number MUST
>                                     NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
> 
>                          The sense of the match can be inverted by
>                          preceding an address with the not modifier,
>                          causing all other addresses to be matched
>                          instead.  This does not affect the 
> selection of
>                          port numbers.
> 
>                             The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
>                             equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
>                             address or set of addresses 
> assigned to the
>                             terminal.  The first rule SHOULD 
> be "deny in
>                             ip !assigned".
> 
>                          With the TCP, UDP and SCTP 
> protocols, optional
>                          ports may be specified as:
> 
>                             {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
> 
>                          The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
>                          (including boundaries).
> 
>                          Fragmented packets which have a 
> non-zero offset
>                          (i.e. not the first fragment) will 
> never match
>                          a rule which has one or more port
>                          specifications.  See the frag option for
>                          details on matching fragmented packets.
> 
>             options:
>                frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and 
> this is not
>                        the first fragment of the datagram.  
> frag may not
>                        be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
>                        TCP/UDP port specifications.
> 
>                ipoptions spec
>                        Match if the IP header contains the comma
>                        separated list of options specified in 
> spec. The
>                        supported IP options are:
> 
>                        ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
>                        route), rr (record packet route) and ts
>                        (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
>                        may be denoted with a `!'.
> 
>                tcpoptions spec
> 
> 
> 
> Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                
>  [Page 35]
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Internet-Draft                                                
>  June 2001
> 
> 
>                        Match if the TCP header contains the comma
>                        separated list of options specified in 
> spec. The
>                        supported TCP options are:
> 
>                        mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
>                        advertisement), sack (selective ack), 
> ts (rfc1323
>                        timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
>                        count).  The absence of a particular option may
>                        be denoted with a `!'.
> 
>                established
>                        TCP packets only. Match packets that 
> have the RST
>                        or ACK bits set.
> 
>                setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that 
> have the SYN
>                        bit set but no ACK bit.
> 
>                tcpflags spec
>                        TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
>                        contains the comma separated list of flags
>                        specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:
> 
>                        fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The 
> absence of a
>                        particular flag may be denoted with a 
> `!'. A rule
>                        which contains a tcpflags 
> specification can never
>                        match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
>                        offset.  See the frag option for details on
>                        matching fragmented packets.
> 
>                icmptypes types
>                        ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP 
> type is in
>                        the list types. The list may be 
> specified as any
>                        combination of ranges or individual types
>                        separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
>                        are:
> 
>                        echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
>                        source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
>                        (8), router advertisement (9), router
>                        solicitation (10), time-to-live 
> exceeded (11), IP
>                        header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
>                        timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
>                        information reply (16), address mask 
> request (17)
>                        and address mask reply (18).
> 
>          There is one kind of packet that the access device 
> MUST always
>          discard, that is an IP fragment with a fragment 
> offset of one.
>          This is a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to
> 
> 
> 
> Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                
>  [Page 36]
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Internet-Draft                                                
>  June 2001
> 
> 
>          circumvent firewalls.
> 
>             An access device that is unable to interpret or 
> apply a deny
>             rule MUST terminate the session.  An access device that is
>             unable to interpret or apply a permit rule MAY 
> apply a more
>             restrictive rule.  An access device MAY apply 
> deny rules of
>             its own before the supplied rules, for example to protect
>             the access device owner's infrastructure.
> 
>          The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
>          and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
>          implementations.
> 
>       QoSFilterRule
>          The QosFilterRule format is derived from the OctetString AVP
>          Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>          requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be marked or
>          metered based on the following information that is associated
>          with it:
> 
>             Direction                          (in or out)
>             Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
>             Protocol
>             Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
>             DSCP values                        (no mask or range)
> 
>          Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
>          with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
>          packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
>          treated as best effort.
> 
>          QoSFilterRule filters MUST follow the format:
> 
>             action dir proto from src to dst [options]
> 
>                          tag    - Mark packet with a specific 
> DSCP [49].
>                                   The DSCP option MUST be included.
>                          meter  - Meter traffic. The metering options
>                                   MUST be included.
> 
>             dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
>                          terminal.
> 
>             proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
>                          keyword means any protocol will match.
> 
>             src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                
>  [Page 37]
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Internet-Draft                                                
>  June 2001
> 
> 
>                          The <address/mask> may be specified as:
>                          ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
>                                     quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
>                                     this exact IP number will 
> match the
>                                     rule.
>                          ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
>                                     width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
>                                     this case all IP numbers from
>                                     1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
>                                     The bit width MUST be 
> valid for the
>                                     IP version and the IP number MUST
>                                     NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
> 
>                          The sense of the match can be inverted by
>                          preceding an address with the not modifier,
>                          causing all other addresses to be matched
>                          instead.  This does not affect the 
> selection of
>                          port numbers.
> 
>                             The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
>                             equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
>                             address or set of addresses 
> assigned to the
>                             terminal.  The first rule SHOULD 
> be "deny in
>                             ip !assigned".
> 
>                          With the TCP, UDP and SCTP 
> protocols, optional
>                          ports may be specified as:
> 
>                             {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
> 
>                          The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
>                          (including boundaries).
> 
>             options:
> 
>                DSCP <color>
>                        color values as defined in [49]. Exact matching
>                        of DSCP values is required (no masks 
> or ranges).
>                        the "deny" can replace the color_under or
>                        color_over values in the meter action for rate-
>                        dependent packet drop.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                
>  [Page 38]
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Internet-Draft                                                
>  June 2001
> 
> 
>                metering <rate> <color_under> <color_over>
>                        The metering option provides Assured 
> Forwarding,
>                        as defined in [50], and MUST be present if the
>                        action is set to meter. The rate option is the
>                        throughput, in bits per second, which 
> is used by
>                        the access device to mark packets. 
> Traffic above
>                        the rate is marked with the color_over 
> codepoint,
>                        while traffic under the rate is marked with the
>                        color_under codepoint. The color_under and
>                        color_over options contain the drop 
> preferences,
>                        and MUST conform to the recommended codepoint
>                        keywords described in [50] (e.g. AF13).
> 
>                        The metering option also supports the strict
>                        limit on traffic required by Expedited
>                        Forwarding, as defined in [51]. The color_over
>                        option may contain the keyword "drop" 
> to prevent
>                        forwarding of traffic that exceeds the rate
>                        parameter.
> 
>          The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
>          and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
>          implementations.
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 09:23:29 2001
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Date: Tue, 04 Sep 2001 15:25:51 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-04
Reference:
http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-08/msg00229.html
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 4.3
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The establishment of DSAs through evil proxies is usually a tricky
task. As stated in our discussion about issue 136, two main scenarios
are considered:

  - The access device does not have the cryptographic ability to
handle
    the CMS functions locally, and therefore requests such services
    from the local agent, such an an aggregating relay or proxy agent.
    The NAS may have been configured to always issue a PDSR to its
    local agent for CMS services. In such cases, the agent MUST select
    the values for the DSA-TTL and provide the appropriate
    Local-CA-Info and the expected OCSP response from the DSA peer.

  - The access device has the cryptographic ability to perform the CMS
    functions, but a proxy agent is in the route towards the home
    server, and it returned a failure to the DSAR messages stating
that
    it was not willing to allow the DSA to traverse through it. Such
    agents MAY attempt to re-use the values from the initial DSAR sent
    by the access device.

The ABNF grammar of a PDSR AVP is:

      <PDSR> ::= < Diameter-Header: 305, REQ, PXY >
                 { Origin-Host }
                 { Origin-Realm }
                 { Destination-Realm }
                 { Auth-Application-Id }
                 [ DSAR-Target-Domain ]
                 [ Origin-State-Id ]
               * [ AVP ]
               * [ Proxy-Info ]
               * [ Route-Record ]

I'd like to focus in the second scenario. The agent has issued a DSAR
including the Destination-Realm AVP (let's use abc.com). An evil proxy
is in the route towards the home server, so that the evil proxy issues
a DSAA including the Origin-Host and the Origin-Realm AVPs (and a
DIAMETER_CAN_BE_A_COOL_CMS_PROXY result code). Following, the agent
issues a PDSR. Well, it will include again abc.com (but as
DSAR-Target-Domain) and the value of the Origin-Realm of the previous
DSAA as Destination-Realm of the PDSR.

However, it may happen that, once issued a PDSR with only a
Destination-Realm, it will be routed to other proxy in the same realm. 
Maybe this proxy doesn't support CMS (so that it issues a
DIAMETER_AINT_CMS_PROXY). Or maybe it supports CMS but, not being the
same proxy it won't be able to reuse any of the previously sent
parameters (parameters sent in the previous DSAR).

I understand that, in this scenario, a Destination-Host AVP must be
included in the PDSR. So that an optional Destination-Host AVP must be
included in the ABNF grammar of PDSR.

Requested change: 

a) Change the ABNF grammar of PDSR AVP including an optional field:

                 [ Destination-Host ]

b) Add explanatory text to 4.3

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 09:30:16 2001
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From: john.loughney@nokia.com
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Hi Bernard,

Some folks have asked me what the plan is with regards to 
this document:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-aaa-transport-04.txt

What will happen when the issues this document addresses are
solved in the relevent Diameter spec?  Is the intention to
make this an Information RFC, Current Best Practices document,
or will this just expire?

thanks,
John



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 09:53:15 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
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The document is slated for publication as an RFC,
as a proposed standard.

On Tue, 4 Sep 2001 john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:

> Hi Bernard,
> 
> Some folks have asked me what the plan is with regards to 
> this document:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-aaa-transport-04.txt
> 
> What will happen when the issues this document addresses are
> solved in the relevent Diameter spec?  Is the intention to
> make this an Information RFC, Current Best Practices document,
> or will this just expire?
> 
> thanks,
> John
> 
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 10:12:10 2001
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Date: Tue, 04 Sep 2001 16:14:40 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 150: S/MIME precisions
References: <20010830104633.B8794@charizard.diameter.org> <3B8F3DC2.B94F6A49@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010903111122.D19656@charizard.diameter.org>
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > there's no explicit mention of MIME encoding in 6.2
> > (CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP). My opinion is that such explicit mention to
> > MIME should be included in 6.2 (at least if MIME encoding is
> > necessary).
> 
> ok, here's the scoop (as I understand it). 6.1 specifies how the
> CMS-Signed-Data AVP is created. This is done by taking a bunch of AVPs,
> putting them through the signing transform, and taking the result, which
> is included in the AVP itself. However, the AVPs themselves are never encoded
> in any MIME format when included in the message.

Right. A CMS SignedData structure is created containing only the
digest of the AVPs, not the whole bunch of AVPs.

> 6.2, on the other hand, is completely different. The encrypted data is
> included in the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP.
> 
> So, in 6.1 the process is different from 6.2.

Really? In the sense that S/MIME isn't involved? Just pure CMS?

> I believe that Stephen will need to help us out here with any additional
> clarifications.

I'm afraid I'm beginning to need it.

Let's say that there are a encapsulation message syntax called CMS. It
provides six content-types: data, signed-data, enveloped-data,
digested-data, encrypted-data, and authenticated-data. This syntax
evolves from PKCS#7 and makes use of ASN.1.

Let's imagine that a messaging standard, S/MIME, takes just two of the
content types (signed-data and enveloped-data) to provide secure
messaging (as well as a particular singed-data message,
certificates-only). Of course that some kind of MIME encoding is
necessary.

Finally, AAA-WG says that it will use CMS for providing end-to-end
security. However, two significant things are also stated: that the
secured AVPs will be CMS-Signed-Data, CMS-Encrypted-Data and CMS-Cert
(which coincide with the different structures used by S/MIME) and that
"This application was designed to allow for Diameter implementations
to use existing S/MIME toolkits".

My first impression is that S/MIME encoding was an intermediate step
to get our secured AVP (that is the reason why I thought that S/MIME
Security Application was a more proper name). However, it looks that,
in order to get a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP, no S/MIME processing is
necessary.

Now, I'm definitely confused (I admit that I'm not an S/MIME expert).
But I'd like to know where S/MIME processing is used, where not (and
how to encode several EnvelopedData values within a single
CSM-Enveloped-Data AVP; is that an S/MIME method or not)

> As far as the intro paragraph, I've come up with the following at the end
> of section 1.0:
> 
> This Diameter application makes use of Cryptographic Message
> Syntax (CMS), which a method used to secure MIME (S/MIME)
                    ^^^
                       | something missed?

> messages. This application was designed to allow for Diameter
> implementations to use existing S/MIME toolkits in order to
> comply with this specification.

> so, we're nearly there.

Right :-))


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 10:25:42 2001
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Yes, it would be inappropriate. The meaning of flow labels was clearly
not defined in Minneapolis (IETF 50). The draft minutes from London
http://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng/html/minutes/ipng-minutes-aug2001.txt
indicated some controversy remains, with a call for 
"Further discussion on mailing list."

John

At 09:04 AM 9/4/2001, jarno.rajahalme@nokia.com wrote:
>Pat,
>
>Would it be inappropriate at this time to ask the QoSFilterRule to be
>extended to include an optional IPv6 flow label value (20 bits) to be
>matched by the filter?
>
>        Jarno
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: ext Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
>>...
>>       QoSFilterRule
>>          The QosFilterRule format is derived from the OctetString AVP
>>          Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>>          requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be marked or
>>          metered based on the following information that is associated
>>          with it:
>> 
>>             Direction                          (in or out)
>>             Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
>>             Protocol
>>             Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
>>             DSCP values                        (no mask or range)
>> 
>>          Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
>>          with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
>>          packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
>>          treated as best effort.
>> 
>>          QoSFilterRule filters MUST follow the format:
>> 
>>             action dir proto from src to dst [options]
>> 
>>                          tag    - Mark packet with a specific 
>>                                   DSCP [49].
>>                                   The DSCP option MUST be included.
>>                          meter  - Meter traffic. The metering options
>>                                   MUST be included.
>> 
>>             dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
>>                          terminal.
>> 
>>             proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
>>                          keyword means any protocol will match.
>> 
>>             src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
>> 
>>                          The <address/mask> may be specified as:
>>                          ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
>>                                     quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
>>                                     this exact IP number will match 
>>                                     the rule.
>>                          ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
>>                                     width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
>>                                     this case all IP numbers from
>>                                     1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
>>                                     The bit width MUST be valid for the
>>                                     IP version and the IP number MUST
>>                                     NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
>> 
>>                          The sense of the match can be inverted by
>>                          preceding an address with the not modifier,
>>                          causing all other addresses to be matched
>>                          instead.  This does not affect the selection 
>>                          of port numbers.
>> 
>>                             The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
>>                             equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
>>                             address or set of addresses assigned 
>> 
>>                             to the terminal.  The first rule SHOULD 
>> 
>>                             be "deny in ip !assigned".
>> 
>>                          With the TCP, UDP and SCTP protocols, 
>> 
>>                          optional ports may be specified as:
>> 
>>                             {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
>> 
>>                          The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
>>                          (including boundaries).
>> 
>>             options:
>> 
>>                DSCP <color>
>>                        color values as defined in [49]. Exact matching
>>                        of DSCP values is required (no masks or ranges).
>>                        the "deny" can replace the color_under or
>>                        color_over values in the meter action for rate-
>>                        dependent packet drop.
>>
>>                metering <rate> <color_under> <color_over>
>>                        The metering option provides Assured Forwarding,
>>                        as defined in [50], and MUST be present if the
>>                        action is set to meter. The rate option is the
>>                        throughput, in bits per second, which is used 
>>                        by the access device to mark packets. Traffic 
>>                        above the rate is marked with the color_over 
>> codepoint,
>>                        while traffic under the rate is marked with the
>>                        color_under codepoint. The color_under and
>>                        color_over options contain the drop preferences,
>>                        and MUST conform to the recommended codepoint
>>                        keywords described in [50] (e.g. AF13).
>> 
>>                        The metering option also supports the strict
>>                        limit on traffic required by Expedited
>>                        Forwarding, as defined in [51]. The color_over
>>                        option may contain the keyword "drop" to prevent
>>                        forwarding of traffic that exceeds the rate
>>                        parameter.
>> 
>>          The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
>>          and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
>>          implementations.
>> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 10:58:17 2001
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From: john.loughney@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 128: duplicate packet detection failure case
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2001 17:59:09 +0300 
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Hi Pat,

Sorry for the delay in responding - I have been quite
busy - I have another document that just finished
last call.  I was a bit rushed when I submitted
the issue for Diameter, it had actually 2 different parts that 
are easiest to consider separately:

1) Marking of the possibly duplicated messages.
2) Removal of duplicate messages.

Step 1 is a minimal functionality for enabling the
duplicate message checking to be efficient as possible.
The Diameter client knows (after hearing no response) 
that it is sending the message a 2nd (or 3rd etc.)
time (either to the original peer node or an alternate node).

Enhancing the efficiency of checking is the main
benefit but it may improve a bit the reliability too. 
It also improves the reliability somewhat since the
Diameter client has in End-to-End Identifier only 12
low order bits of the local time when booting. That is
4096 seconds which is a bit over a hour.

This means that with very bad luck, a Diameter client
that goes down and wakes up after 4096 seconds MAY send
a message with the same End-to-End Identifier, taking from 
non-volatile memory an earlier sent (but not yet answered) 
pending message and produces a duplicate. Unless, it has 
this capability to mark with 'D' bit that the pending message 
now resent may be a duplicate.)
  
Step 2 is a solution where in addition to the minimal
solution of marking the possibly duplicated packets, the
duplicates are also removed form the network as quickly
as possible, with minimal amount of double-checking.

This mail presents only a simplified way of step 1, as it
can be used also as a stand-alone feature (just an additional 
flag bit in the Diameter header). Please review the following
description, it would help the Diameter Server to avoid
the obligation to do a mandatory cross check every single
received request message - which should save on processing.

The needed small changes for the step 1)
(marking of possibly duplicated packets) to the
draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-07.txt are the following:


3.0  Diameter Header

...
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |R P E r r r r r|                  Command-Code                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

would be:

      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |R P E D r r r r|                  Command-Code                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

and

         E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a protocol error,
                       and the message will not conform to the ABNF
                       described for this command.  Messages with the
                       'E' bit set is commonly referred to as an error
                       message. This bit MUST NOT be set in request
                       messages. See section 7.2.
         r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
                       MUST be set to zero.

would get one new flag bit 'D':

         E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a protocol error,
                       and the message will not conform to the ABNF
                       described for this command.  Messages with the
                       'E' bit set is commonly referred to as an error
                       message. This bit MUST NOT be set in request
                       messages. See section 7.2.
         (possibly) D(uplicated)
                     - If set, the message is possibly a duplicate,
                       and must be later checked by a recipient node
                       if it really is a duplicate. If sending a
                       message for first time, this bit MUST be cleared.
                       This bit MUST NOT be set if an answer message
                       (about e.g. a protocol error) has been got for
                       an earlier similar message, it is used only
                       in cases where no answer has been got from the
                       primary agent for a message and the message is
                       sent again (e.g. due to failover, to an
                       alternate agent).
         r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
                       MUST be set to zero.


In:

5.5.4  Failover/Failback Procedures

...
   It is important to note that multiple identical request or answer MAY
   be received as a result of a failover. The End-to-End Identifier
   field in the Diameter header along with the Origin-Host AVP MUST be
   used to identify duplicate messages.

the above paragraph would be amended as:

   It is important to note that multiple identical request or answer MAY
   be received as a result of a failover. The possibly-Duplicated flag
   MUST be set by the Diameter client node that performs failover, to
   mark those packets that it had sent with no answer message coming from
   the primary agent, and which it therefore forwards to an alternate
   node. The final destination node of a message MUST check those
   messages that have the 'D' bit set, if they can be identified as
   actually duplicated messages. The intermediate nodes MAY check
   the messages with the 'D' bit set, if they can be identified
   as duplicate messages. The End-to-End Identifier field in the
   Diameter header along with the Origin-Host AVP MUST be used to
   identify duplicate messages among the marked possibly duplicated
   messages.

and in:

9.4  Fault Resilience

...
   Diameter peers acting as clients MUST implement the use of failover
   to guard against server failures and certain network failures.
   Diameter peers acting as agents or related off-line processing
   systems MUST detect duplicate accounting records caused by the
   sending of same record to several servers and duplication of messages
   in transit. This detection MUST be based on the inspection of the
   Session-Id and Accounting-Record-Number AVP pairs.

paragraph would get one sentence to its end:

....
   Diameter peers acting as clients MUST implement the use of failover
   to guard against server failures and certain network failures.
   Diameter peers acting as agents or related off-line processing
   systems MUST detect duplicate accounting records caused by the
   sending of same record to several servers and duplication of messages
   in transit. This detection MUST be based on the inspection of the
   Session-Id and Accounting-Record-Number AVP pairs. The inspection
   MUST be performed at least for such records that arrived to the
   Diameter peer in messages having the 'D' bit set.


br,
John


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep  4 15:08:03 2001
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From: Yiwen Jiang <Yiwen.Jiang@tic.siemens.ca>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Cc: "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: failover question
Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2001 15:05:53 -0400 
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Hi Pat,

I have a question regarding how failover is handled based on -07. I went to
the I-D, but couldn't find answer for this question.

I understand that when a Diameter peer has detected that the connection with
its remote peer has been lost via the watchdog timer, it will failover to an
alternate host in its peer table. However, what happens when all the
alternate hosts are down, and the Diameter cannot forward any messages to
them? Or, if there is no other peers specified in the peer table? 

How would the base protocol notify its applications about this situation?
Or, what would be your recommendation on how the application detects such
situation, since the watchdog timers and such are all hidden from all
Diameter applications?

Thanks.

Cheers,
Yiwen
---
Yiwen Jiang
Mobile IP Networking
Email: Yiwen.Jiang@tic.siemens.ca
Phone: (613)271-7710

Telecom Innovation Centre
505 March Road
Kanata, Ontario, Canada
K2K 2M5


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 03:01:39 2001
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From: jarno.rajahalme@nokia.com
To: jschnizl@cisco.com
Cc: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu, ipng@sunroof.eng.sun.com
Subject: [AAA-WG]: IPv6 flow label support in the QoSFilterRule in Diameter (RE: [AA
	A-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base)
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2001 10:02:24 +0300 
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John,

I'll come back with this when IPv6 WG consensus exists. I think we're pretty
close now.

Is there a hard deadline for any new issues for Diameter?

	Jarno

jschnizl@cisco.com wrote:
> 
> Yes, it would be inappropriate. The meaning of flow labels was clearly
> not defined in Minneapolis (IETF 50). The draft minutes from London
> http://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng/html/minutes/ipng-minutes-a
> ug2001.txt
> indicated some controversy remains, with a call for 
> "Further discussion on mailing list."
> 
> John
> 
> At 09:04 AM 9/4/2001, jarno.rajahalme@nokia.com wrote:
> >Pat,
> >
> >Would it be inappropriate at this time to ask the QoSFilterRule to be
> >extended to include an optional IPv6 flow label value (20 bits) to be
> >matched by the filter?
> >
> >        Jarno
> >
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: ext Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> >>...
> >>       QoSFilterRule
> >>          The QosFilterRule format is derived from the 
> OctetString AVP
> >>          Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
> >>          requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be marked or
> >>          metered based on the following information that 
> is associated
> >>          with it:
> >> 
> >>             Direction                          (in or out)
> >>             Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
> >>             Protocol
> >>             Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
> >>             DSCP values                        (no mask or range)
> >> 
> >>          Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated 
> in order,
> >>          with the first matched rule terminating the 
> evaluation.  Each
> >>          packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the 
> packet is
> >>          treated as best effort.
> >> 
> >>          QoSFilterRule filters MUST follow the format:
> >> 
> >>             action dir proto from src to dst [options]
> >> 
> >>                          tag    - Mark packet with a specific 
> >>                                   DSCP [49].
> >>                                   The DSCP option MUST be included.
> >>                          meter  - Meter traffic. The 
> metering options
> >>                                   MUST be included.
> >> 
> >>             dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
> >>                          terminal.
> >> 
> >>             proto        An IP protocol specified by 
> number.  The "ip"
> >>                          keyword means any protocol will match.
> >> 
> >>             src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
> >> 
> >>                          The <address/mask> may be specified as:
> >>                          ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number 
> in dotted-
> >>                                     quad or canonical IPv6 
> form. Only
> >>                                     this exact IP number 
> will match 
> >>                                     the rule.
> >>                          ipno/bits  An IP number as above 
> with a mask
> >>                                     width of the form 
> 1.2.3.4/24.  In
> >>                                     this case all IP numbers from
> >>                                     1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 
> will match.
> >>                                     The bit width MUST be 
> valid for the
> >>                                     IP version and the IP 
> number MUST
> >>                                     NOT have bits set 
> beyond the mask.
> >> 
> >>                          The sense of the match can be inverted by
> >>                          preceding an address with the not 
> modifier,
> >>                          causing all other addresses to be matched
> >>                          instead.  This does not affect 
> the selection 
> >>                          of port numbers.
> >> 
> >>                             The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 
> or the IPv6
> >>                             equivalent.  The keyword 
> "assigned" is the
> >>                             address or set of addresses assigned 
> >> 
> >>                             to the terminal.  The first 
> rule SHOULD 
> >> 
> >>                             be "deny in ip !assigned".
> >> 
> >>                          With the TCP, UDP and SCTP protocols, 
> >> 
> >>                          optional ports may be specified as:
> >> 
> >>                             {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
> >> 
> >>                          The `-' notation specifies a 
> range of ports
> >>                          (including boundaries).
> >> 
> >>             options:
> >> 
> >>                DSCP <color>
> >>                        color values as defined in [49]. 
> Exact matching
> >>                        of DSCP values is required (no 
> masks or ranges).
> >>                        the "deny" can replace the color_under or
> >>                        color_over values in the meter 
> action for rate-
> >>                        dependent packet drop.
> >>
> >>                metering <rate> <color_under> <color_over>
> >>                        The metering option provides 
> Assured Forwarding,
> >>                        as defined in [50], and MUST be 
> present if the
> >>                        action is set to meter. The rate 
> option is the
> >>                        throughput, in bits per second, 
> which is used 
> >>                        by the access device to mark 
> packets. Traffic 
> >>                        above the rate is marked with the 
> color_over 
> >> codepoint,
> >>                        while traffic under the rate is 
> marked with the
> >>                        color_under codepoint. The color_under and
> >>                        color_over options contain the drop 
> preferences,
> >>                        and MUST conform to the recommended 
> codepoint
> >>                        keywords described in [50] (e.g. AF13).
> >> 
> >>                        The metering option also supports the strict
> >>                        limit on traffic required by Expedited
> >>                        Forwarding, as defined in [51]. The 
> color_over
> >>                        option may contain the keyword 
> "drop" to prevent
> >>                        forwarding of traffic that exceeds the rate
> >>                        parameter.
> >> 
> >>          The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) 
> from FreeBSD,
> >>          and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
> >>          implementations.
> >> 
> 


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From: john.loughney@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Question on Diameter behavior in Failure cases
Date: Wed, 5 Sep 2001 11:04:07 +0300 
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Hi Pat,

As you can imagine, I've been doing some studying on the
reliability aspects of Diameter.

One question I have is what happens if a Diameter client goes 
down while sending messages, before getting a response to a 
pending message, when there is no secondary peer?

The base protocol draft text says: 

5.1  Peer Connections

   Although a Diameter node may have many possible peers that it is able
   to communicate with, it may not be economical to have an established
   connection to all of them. At a minimum, a Diameter node SHOULD have
   an established connection with a primary and secondary peer, and MAY
   have additional connections, if it is deemed necessary.

Does that imply that a Diameter node may not ALWAYS have a
secondary or additional connections available.

In that case, if the Diameter client stops temporarily getting 
answer messages (and does not have an alternate agent to send 
the payload packet), the primary peer may recover (after a boot,
for example). Then the following problem arises:

Should the Diameter client re-send the pending payload
message to its original (& now recovered) primary (& only) peer 
node, as the client does not know if the packet had been
properly received went sent before the failure.

It seems that this case a solution could be offered by the 
by marking the the packet 'possibly duplicated' (see my
proposal sent yesterday for usage of a 'D' bit in the Diameter 
header) since the receiving primary (and only) peer node could 

  a) check the 'D' marked packet against being a packet
     already received.
  b) forward the 'D' marked packet even towards the
     end system (Diameter Server), as the final destination
     node would anyway be responsible to verify that there
     are no duplicates and from the 'D' bit it would clearly
     note that it must check that packet (by comparing the
     End-to-End Identifiers of the marked packet(s)).

This way we could get the one-peer-agent-only cases
to work okay.  Additionally it supports the case when the 
connection to the (only) recipient peer agent goes temporarily 
to the SUSPECT state (or the connection is temporarily closed) 
and is then again established in the OKAY state.

Comments?
John


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 05:54:36 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Authorisation rejected in CMS
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-05
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 1.5
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

In CMS-02 (section 1.5), it's stated that:

  " one of participants
   of a DSA (specifically the one in the home network) MUST belong to
   the same realm as the user being authorized."

May I suppose that otherwise, a DIAMETER_AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED result
code is issued (or it should be a newly defined CMS-Sec specific
error)

Requested change: 

Include a specific mention to DIAMETER_AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED or
defining a new result code.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 07:45:13 2001
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From: Yanqun.Le@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: question about Diameter
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> hello,
> 
> We are puzzled of the use of Disconnect-Peer-Request. It doesn't appear in
> Peer FSM. Does the event of R-Peer-Disc appeared in Peer FSM have the same
> meaning to it? 
> If a peer sends out DPR, which peer state should it change to? 
> I infer from draft 07, a receiver of DPR should not periodically attempt
> to reconnect to the sender of DPR. Then only if the sender of DPR will
> reconnect to another peer after it is going to do so?
> 
> Best regards
> Yanqun Le


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 10:15:49 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Question on Diameter behavior in Failure cases
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> One question I have is what happens if a Diameter client goes 
> down while sending messages, before getting a response to a 
> pending message, when there is no secondary peer?

If the NAS goes down, you will have a AAA failure whether there
are secondary servers or not. The way to handle that kind of failure
is via clustering technology (some NASes already support this today)
so that the connection can be migrated to another NAS. Diameter can't help
with this. 

> Does that imply that a Diameter node may not ALWAYS have a
> secondary or additional connections available.

Failover protection is not mandatory. But if you want high
availability it is a good idea. 

> In that case, if the Diameter client stops temporarily getting 
> answer messages (and does not have an alternate agent to send 
> the payload packet), the primary peer may recover (after a boot,
> for example). Then the following problem arises:
> 

I'm confused. You were initially talking about a *client* failure. Now you
are talking about *server* failures. If the primary server fails and there
is no alternate, then availability is compromised. Again, there isn't
much that Diameter can do about that. 

> Should the Diameter client re-send the pending payload
> message to its original (& now recovered) primary (& only) peer 
> node, as the client does not know if the packet had been
> properly received went sent before the failure.
> 

This points out that failure scenarios can result in duplicates, not only
to different servers, but also to the same server. That is what the
e2e session identifier was created to handle. In the case of accounting,
this should be sufficient to deal with a duplicate accounting record. 

In the case of authentication/authorization, I'm not sure that there is a
problem. You'll just get a new response. The only problem that could have
arisen is if the server wrote something about the session to stable
storage before responding, and *then* the connection failed (such as
incrementing the simultaneous session count). In that case, when the
server comes up again, it will have incorrect information in its database. 

The solution to this is for the server to *not* write session info to
stable storage until it receives the equivalent of an application-layer
ACK from the NAS. There is no app-layer ACK of an authentication response
in Diameter, because the Accounting Request largely serves this function. 


> It seems that this case a solution could be offered by the 
> by marking the the packet 'possibly duplicated' (see my
> proposal sent yesterday for usage of a 'D' bit in the Diameter 
> header) since the receiving primary (and only) peer node could 

I don't think that this is necessary, if the advice above is followed. Can
you come up with a scenario in which a problem would be caused by receipt
of a duplicate authentication packet?



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 11:27:46 2001
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> Is there a hard deadline for any new issues for Diameter?

We've just finished a WG last call, so the deadline is yesterday ;)
So if there are issues with the specs, please get them in now.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 12:12:24 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-05
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 3.1
Rationale/Explanation of issue:


a) In the list of elements that comprise a DSAA quoted in 3.1, it's
listed the following:

  - a chain of CA certificates (possibly empty)

Why this element (that I assume it's the CA-Chain AVP) is, possibly,
empty? I understand that most of the times, the CA that has issued the
certificates of the Home Realm are the same than the provided in the
Local-CA-Info AVP, but saying that "possibly" it's empty is maybe too
hard.

b) On the other hand, in the list of elements that comprise a DSAR
quoted in 3.1, it's listed the following:

  - the realm part of the user's NAI

Is that really true? I mean, I understant this meaning when an
authorisation or authentication operation is involved. But let's take
an accounting operation. Which is the user's NAI?

c) In the checks listing (according to conclusion in issue 126) the
proposed text stated that:

  - the name in the certificate is consistent with the rules detailed
    in section 3.2.

My concern is the following. Which certificates are we talking about?
The included in the CMS-Cert AVP? The ones from AAA-Server-Certs?
Both? BTW, I suppose that the certificate of the DSA receiver (the
node issuing the DSAA) in included within the AAA-Server-Certs, so
that no CMS-Cert would be necessary?

d) The last paragraph of 3.1 talks (again, so that some paragraphs has
been included at the beginning of the section) about certificate
revocation checks:

   If certificate revocation is enabled, anytime a certificate is used
   from the local certificate cache, a revocation check MUST be
   performed.

This paragraph contradicts Stephen's precissions about certificate
revocation checks which approximately say that no revocation check is
necessary until the "safe" period has ended.

Requested change: 

a) Replace "(posibly empty)" with "(frequently empty since the CA that
has issued the certificates for the Diameter servers in the realm are
usually included within the CAs contained in the DSAR message).

b) Clarify this item.

c) Clarify this item (maybe with something like "the name in all the
certificates included is consistent with the rules detailed in section
3.2.")

d) Drop the quoted paragraph

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue]: Diameter -07 introduction needs improvement
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Description of issue: Diameter -07 introduction needs improvement

Submitter name: Randy Bush
Submitter email address: randy@psg.com 
Date first submitted: 2001.09.03
Reference: 
Document: base
Comment type: E 
Priority: S 
Section: 1.0, 1.1
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The Introduction (section 1.0) talks about the history and motivation for
the development of Diameter. Section 1.1 talks about the basic building
blocks of Diameter. Section 2 provides an overview of protocol
concepts. What would be helpful is if a high-level introduction could
be provided within section 1. The material currently in section 1.1 might
be better moved to section 2.

Requested change: 

To provide context, the following topics would be useful in the
Introduction:
     
     a. An overview of the Diameter approach
            1. Relationship of NASes, Servers and Intermediaries
            2. Message routing concepts
            3. Requests, Responses, Unsolicited messages

     b. Important ways that Diameter differs from RADIUS
        (Idea is to introduce the concepts, not go into
         depth, but make clear what the feature is attempting
         to achieve. Reference where details are provided.)
            1. Peer-to-peer nature
            2. Explicit support for intermediaries
            3. Connection-oriented versus connectionless
            4. Concept of extensions
            5. Built-in failover support
            6. Larger attribute space 
            7. Integrated accounting
            8. Mandatory bit
            9. Application-layer ACKs and error messages
           10. Unsolicited server messages
           11. Peer discovery
           12. Capabilities negotiation (worth explaining why
               this isn't e2e here)

     c. Description of the Diameter document set and relationship
        between the documents.
 
     d. Approach to extensibility (this is in section 2.3, but might
        be better consolidated into the Introduction)



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 12:25:21 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue]: Diameter -07 introduction needs improvement
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Thanks for opening the issue. We'll take care of that.

What I find interesting, though, is that most of this was in the framework document,
which the WG decides to abandon some time ago. Now we need to pull some of the
text from the framework into the base protocol.

I do agree, though, that this is a good idea.

PatC
On Wed, Sep 05, 2001 at 09:19:11AM -0700, Randy Bush wrote:
> Description of issue: Diameter -07 introduction needs improvement
> 
> Submitter name: Randy Bush
> Submitter email address: randy@psg.com 
> Date first submitted: 2001.09.03
> Reference: 
> Document: base
> Comment type: E 
> Priority: S 
> Section: 1.0, 1.1
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> The Introduction (section 1.0) talks about the history and motivation for
> the development of Diameter. Section 1.1 talks about the basic building
> blocks of Diameter. Section 2 provides an overview of protocol
> concepts. What would be helpful is if a high-level introduction could
> be provided within section 1. The material currently in section 1.1 might
> be better moved to section 2.
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> To provide context, the following topics would be useful in the
> Introduction:
>      
>      a. An overview of the Diameter approach
>             1. Relationship of NASes, Servers and Intermediaries
>             2. Message routing concepts
>             3. Requests, Responses, Unsolicited messages
> 
>      b. Important ways that Diameter differs from RADIUS
>         (Idea is to introduce the concepts, not go into
>          depth, but make clear what the feature is attempting
>          to achieve. Reference where details are provided.)
>             1. Peer-to-peer nature
>             2. Explicit support for intermediaries
>             3. Connection-oriented versus connectionless
>             4. Concept of extensions
>             5. Built-in failover support
>             6. Larger attribute space 
>             7. Integrated accounting
>             8. Mandatory bit
>             9. Application-layer ACKs and error messages
>            10. Unsolicited server messages
>            11. Peer discovery
>            12. Capabilities negotiation (worth explaining why
>                this isn't e2e here)
> 
>      c. Description of the Diameter document set and relationship
>         between the documents.
>  
>      d. Approach to extensibility (this is in section 2.3, but might
>         be better consolidated into the Introduction)
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 13:15:58 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-08-22
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T|E
Priority: S|1|2
Section: 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

Some errors and its result codes (not exhaustive):

1. A Diameter message with a CMS-Signed-Data AVP including a digital
signature and no AVP with its 'P' bit set:
DIAMETER_AVP_NOT_ALLOWED (existing in base draft)

2. A Diameter message without any CMS-Signed-Data AVP and some AVPs
with its 'P' bit set:
DIAMETER_MISSING_AVP (existing in base draft)

3. A Diameter message including CMS Security Application AVPs with no
DSA established:
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED (existing in CMS-03)

4. A Diameter node not being able to set up a DSA upon receiving a
DSA-Request due to problems different from digital signature
verification
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED (existing in CMS-03)

5. A Diameter node not being able to set up a DSA upon receiving a
DSA-Answer due to any problem
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED (in subsequent Diameter messages if a
CMS-related message is received) (existing in CMS-03)

6. A Diameter node not supporting certificate revocation checks has
calculated a safe period based on the expiration dates of the
certificates. Once this safe period has finishing, a CMS-Signed-Data
arrives without any certificate
?? 

7. A Diameter message including CMS Security Application AVPs with the
DSA expired (only if the Diameter node can "remember" past DSAs)
DIAMETER_DSA_EXPIRED (existing in CMS-03)

8. A Diameter message containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP but with a
different set of AVPs with its 'P' bit set to the ones chosen in the
DSA establishment.
??

9. A Diameter message containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP that doesn't
include any digital signature made by the node included in the
Origin-Host AVP
DIAMETER_CONTRADICTING_AVPS?? (existing in base draft)

10. A Diameter message containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP. No
appropriate digital certificate (regarding the identity included in
the Origin-Host AVP) is available, neither included in the Diameter
message as CMS-Cert AVP nor available in the local cache.
DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH?? (existing in CMS-03)

11. A Diameter message containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP. The digital
signature is invalid.
DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH (existing in CMS-03)

12. The DSA participant in the home network doesn't belong to the same
realm as the user being authorized.
DIAMETER_AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED?? (existing in base draft)

13. An OCSP response is requested. The Diameter server supports OCSP
querying. However, the OCSP responder isn't available (the server gets
a timeout)
DIAMETER_OCSP_NOT_SUPPORTED?? (existing in CMS-03)

14. A Diameter message containing a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP. The
recipient isn't on the list of recipients specified in the
RecipientInfos of the EnvelopedData and decides to indicate an error.
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT??

15. A Diameter message containing a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP. An error
occurs during decryption
DIAMETER_DSA_DECRYPTION_FAILED??

Requested change: 

a) Decide if all the situations quoted in which no error code is
mentioned needs a new error code (if so create them)
b) Decide whether the suggested result codes are correct
c) Once decided the result code for any situation, include a mention
of such result code (or the section) in the proper place.
d) Clarify what happens when a DSA can't be established because the
initiator (once received the DSAA) fails to check the conditions
listed in 3.1. Is is necessary to issue a NAK containing a
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED? Or it sufficient to issue such result
code only when another CMS-related AVP is inserted in subsequent
messages? It's important to take into account that the following
paragraph (from 6.1) states that a Diameter message must be issued
after any failed verification of a digital signature: 

   If the signature cannot be verified correctly, a response with the
   Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH MUST be returned.

e) Clarify the meaning of the following paragraph in 6.1

   If a receiver detects that the contents of the CMS-Signed-Data AVP
   are invalid, it SHOULD return the new Result-Code AVP value defined
   in section 7.0.

Which contents are we talking about (maybe 9 above)? Because, if it
isn't the condition, a DIAMETER_INVALID... should be the appropriate
result code.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 14:03:47 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue]: Diameter -07 introduction needs improvement
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> What I find interesting, though, is that most of this was in the framework document,
> which the WG decides to abandon some time ago. Now we need to pull some of the
> text from the framework into the base protocol.
> 

We abandoned it with the understanding that the appropriate material would
find its way into base. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 14:18:06 2001
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Bernard Aboba [mailto:aboba@internaut.com] writes:

> > What I find interesting, though, is that most of this was in
> the framework document,
> > which the WG decides to abandon some time ago. Now we need to
> pull some of the
> > text from the framework into the base protocol.
> >
>
> We abandoned it with the understanding that the appropriate material would
> find its way into base.

The good news is that only one more author (Ping Pan) needs to be added to
the base ;-)

>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep  5 14:23:55 2001
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> The good news is that only one more author (Ping Pan) needs to be added to
> the base ;-)

imiho, it is time to have an editor on the front page and a section in the
body for contributor credits.  the iesg is starting to push back on the
massive author list, which is especially prevalent in some sub-ip wgs.

randy


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Randy Bush [mailto:randy@psg.com] writes:

> > The good news is that only one more author (Ping Pan) needs to
> be added to
> > the base ;-)
>
> imiho, it is time to have an editor on the front page and a section in the
> body for contributor credits.  the iesg is starting to push back on the
> massive author list, which is especially prevalent in some sub-ip wgs.

Well, this author list isn't all that massive.  Just out of curiosity,
though, doesn't the IESG have better things to do (say, reviewing technical
content ;-) than worrying about the size of author lists?  I'm not, by the
way, referring to either of _our_ esteemed ADs; however, I personally know
of at least one I-D which passed WG Last Call and languished for at least 4
months before the relevant AD even _looked_ at it...

>
> randy
>



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On Wed, Sep 05, 2001 at 10:56:09AM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> > What I find interesting, though, is that most of this was in the framework document,
> > which the WG decides to abandon some time ago. Now we need to pull some of the
> > text from the framework into the base protocol.
> > 
> 
> We abandoned it with the understanding that the appropriate material would
> find its way into base. 

So perhaps the issue was the "appropriate material" was never really defined.

In any case, onto work...

PatC


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From: Yanqun.Le@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] the use of Disconnect-Peer-Request
Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2001 05:50:52 +0300 
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Submitter name: Yanqun Le
Submitter email address: yanqun.e@nokia.com 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
Reference: 
Document: Base-07
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 5.4 and 5.6
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

1) We are puzzled of the use of Disconnect-Peer-Request. It doesn't appear
in Peer FSM. Does the event of R-Peer-Disc appeared in Peer FSM have the
same meaning to it? 

2) If a peer sends out DPR, which peer state should it change to? If it
can't receive DPA, what shall it do?

3) I infer from draft 07, a receiver of DPR should not periodically attempt
to reconnect to the sender of DPR. Then only if the sender of DPR will
reconnect to another peer after it is going to do so?
 
Best regards
Yanqun Le



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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] problems with Watch Dog
Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2001 08:55:21 +0300 
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Submitter name: Yanqun Le
Submitter email address: yanqun.e@nokia.com 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
Reference: 
Document: Base-07
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 5.5.3 and 5.1
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

In section 5.1, it said: 
three watchdog messages are exchanged with accepted round trip times, and
the connection to the peer is considered stablized.
The Problem is:

In SUSPECT state, if a DWA is received, which action should it take? 
1) send another DWR, then which timer should it start? Tw or Tr/Tw? which
state should it change to? Still remain in SUSPECT and waiting for sending
another DWR or change to WAIT_DWA?
2) just change to OKAY?

I think draft 07 doesn't state clearly on it. 
Looking forwad to your suggestions.

Best regards
Yanqun Le



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Date: Thu, 06 Sep 2001 10:43:54 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Digital encryption + signature in CMS-Sec
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 6.1, 6.2
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

When a set of AVPs is required also as encrypted and digitally signed,
the draft states (according to S/MIME RFC) that the encryption must be
done first. That's is coherent but can, in some occasions, be confused
for an implementation.

I'll try to explain it. Let's imagine that the Expected-Encrypted-AVP
states that AVPs A and B must be encrypted. So does the
Expected-Signed-AVP (including maybe another AVP, C). The
implementation will first create a CMS-Encrypted-AVP containing A and
B, that are subsequently dropped. When the signing process begin,
there's no A and B AVPs, so that it might sign only C. In order to
avoid this misbehaviour, I suggest stating explicitly that when
encryption and digital signature are required, it has to be treated as
an atomic operation, so that the implementation must "remember" that A
and B AVPs are also inside an encrypted AVP.

Requested change: 

Add some paragraphs after (6.1):

   When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
CMS-Encrypted-Data
   AVP MUST be created first. The resulting CMS object MUST then be
MIME
   encoded producing an application/pkcs7-mime MIME type which is then
   used as the content of the EnvelopedData. This means that signing
is
   "outside" encryption.

It might be something like the following:

   Implementations MUST treat this process as an atomic process, so
that
   one encrypted the set of AVPs required as so, the implementation
MUST
   use the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (as well as any additional AVP
required
   as only signed) as the input to the signing process (even if the 
   CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP was not required as digitally signed).

   Where an implementation wants to receive a set of AVPs both
encrypted
   and signed it MIGHT use a work around consisting of requiring the
set
   of AVPs as encrypted and CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP as digitally
signed.

   Where there are more AVPs required as encrypted than digitally
signed,
   a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP MUST be created including only the AVPs
that
   has also to be digitally signed. This AVP will be the input to the 
   signing process. The rest of AVPs required as encrypted MUST be
done
   as many as desired additional CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs.

Replace the next paragraph in 6.2:

   When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
CMS-Encrypted-Data
   AVP MUST be created first.

with

   When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
CMS-Encrypted-Data
   AVP MUST be created first, according to the guidelines stated in
6.1.


Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 05:09:58 2001
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Date: Thu, 06 Sep 2001 11:10:36 +0200
To: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
From: Alain Zahm <Alain.Zahm@sema.fr>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Digital encryption + signature in CMS-Sec
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <3B97374A.50488C44@rioja.ericsson.se>
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Well what SMIME is stating on signed/encrypted content is given below (FromR
 FC2311)

-----------------------------
3.5 Signing and Encrypting
To achieve signing and enveloping, any of the signed-only and 
encrypted-only formats may be nested. This is allowed because the above 
formats are all MIME entities, and because they all secure MIME entities.A
 n S/MIME implementation MUST be able to receive and process arbitrarily 
nested S/MIME within reasonable resource limits of the recipient computer.I
 t is possible to either sign a message first, or to envelope the messagef
 irst. It is up to the implementor and the user to choose. When signing 
first, the signatories are then securely obscured by the enveloping. Whene
 nveloping first the signatories are exposed, but it is possible to verifys
 ignatures without removing the enveloping. This may be useful in an 
environment were automatic signature verification is desired, as no privatek
 ey material is required to verify a signature.
-------------------------------

This being said it is better practice to sign then encrypt. What needs tob
 e authenticated is the given values not the encryption result. If you wantt
 o support non-repudiation, then you MUST sign first.

Regards

Alain Zahm


At 10:43 06/09/01 +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
>Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
>Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se
>Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
>Reference:
>Document: CMS-02
>Comment type: T
>Priority: 1
>Section: 6.1, 6.2
>Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>
>When a set of AVPs is required also as encrypted and digitally signed,
>the draft states (according to S/MIME RFC) that the encryption must be
>done first. That's is coherent but can, in some occasions, be confused
>for an implementation.
>
>I'll try to explain it. Let's imagine that the Expected-Encrypted-AVP
>states that AVPs A and B must be encrypted. So does the
>Expected-Signed-AVP (including maybe another AVP, C). The
>implementation will first create a CMS-Encrypted-AVP containing A and
>B, that are subsequently dropped. When the signing process begin,
>there's no A and B AVPs, so that it might sign only C. In order to
>avoid this misbehaviour, I suggest stating explicitly that when
>encryption and digital signature are required, it has to be treated as
>an atomic operation, so that the implementation must "remember" that A
>and B AVPs are also inside an encrypted AVP.
>
>Requested change:
>
>Add some paragraphs after (6.1):
>
>    When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
>CMS-Encrypted-Data
>    AVP MUST be created first. The resulting CMS object MUST then be
>MIME
>    encoded producing an application/pkcs7-mime MIME type which is then
>    used as the content of the EnvelopedData. This means that signing
>is
>    "outside" encryption.
>
>It might be something like the following:
>
>    Implementations MUST treat this process as an atomic process, so
>that
>    one encrypted the set of AVPs required as so, the implementation
>MUST
>    use the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (as well as any additional AVP
>required
>    as only signed) as the input to the signing process (even if the
>    CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP was not required as digitally signed).
>
>    Where an implementation wants to receive a set of AVPs both
>encrypted
>    and signed it MIGHT use a work around consisting of requiring the
>set
>    of AVPs as encrypted and CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP as digitally
>signed.
>
>    Where there are more AVPs required as encrypted than digitally
>signed,
>    a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP MUST be created including only the AVPs
>that
>    has also to be digitally signed. This AVP will be the input to the
>    signing process. The rest of AVPs required as encrypted MUST be
>done
>    as many as desired additional CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs.
>
>Replace the next paragraph in 6.2:
>
>    When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
>CMS-Encrypted-Data
>    AVP MUST be created first.
>
>with
>
>    When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
>CMS-Encrypted-Data
>    AVP MUST be created first, according to the guidelines stated in
>6.1.
>
>
>Regards
>
>   // M.A.
>
>--
>   Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
>   Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
>   Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
>   Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
>   <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
>   Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -



**********************************************************************
This footnote confirms that this email message has been swept for the
presence of computer viruses.

SchlumbergerSema - Sophia Antipolis
NetworkTeam.Sophia@sema.fr
**********************************************************************



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 06:39:52 2001
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Date: Thu, 06 Sep 2001 12:42:35 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Digital encryption + signature in CMS-Sec
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Alain Zahm wrote:
> 
> Well what SMIME is stating on signed/encrypted content is given below (From
> RFC2311)
> 
> -----------------------------
> 3.5 Signing and Encrypting
> To achieve signing and enveloping, any of the signed-only and
> encrypted-only formats may be nested. This is allowed because the above
> formats are all MIME entities, and because they all secure MIME entities.
> An S/MIME implementation MUST be able to receive and process arbitrarily
> nested S/MIME within reasonable resource limits of the recipient computer.
> It is possible to either sign a message first, or to envelope the message
> first. It is up to the implementor and the user to choose. When signing
> first, the signatories are then securely obscured by the enveloping. When
> enveloping first the signatories are exposed, but it is possible to verify
> signatures without removing the enveloping. This may be useful in an
> environment were automatic signature verification is desired, as no private
> key material is required to verify a signature.
> -------------------------------
> 
> This being said it is better practice to sign then encrypt.

No, I don't think so. It's only said that one process may be useful in
one environment.

> What needs to
> be authenticated is the given values not the encryption result.
> If you want
> to support non-repudiation, then you MUST sign first.

Well, I see that a previous enveloping doesn't guarantee "direct"
non-repudiation of the sender (it's necessary an extra step to decrypt
the EnvelopedData object, but it doesn't matter so that the recipient
of the message in on the list of receivers in the RecipientInfo of the
CMS EnvelopedData, so it's able to decrypt the content). What I guess
is that this mechanism is lighter, since the receiver must verify
first that it's on the recipients list (by inspecting the
CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP), next check the digital signature and finally
decrypt the encrypted data. Otherwise, a previous decryption would be
always necessary before verifying that the digital signature can be
checked (certificates available, naming compliance and so on).

Of course that this is just my interpretation. Maybe Stephen Farrell
could enlighten us :-)

Regards

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 06:45:46 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Just a clarification

Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> 
> Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
> Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
> Reference:
> Document: CMS-02
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 1
> Section: 6.1, 6.2
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> When a set of AVPs is required also as encrypted and digitally signed,
> the draft states (according to S/MIME RFC) that the encryption must be
> done first. That's is coherent but can, in some occasions, be confused
> for an implementation.
> 
> I'll try to explain it. Let's imagine that the Expected-Encrypted-AVP
> states that AVPs A and B must be encrypted. So does the
> Expected-Signed-AVP (including maybe another AVP, C). The
> implementation will first create a CMS-Encrypted-AVP containing A and
> B, that are subsequently dropped. When the signing process begin,
> there's no A and B AVPs, so that it might sign only C. In order to
> avoid this misbehaviour, I suggest stating explicitly that when
> encryption and digital signature are required, it has to be treated as
> an atomic operation, so that the implementation must "remember" that A
> and B AVPs are also inside an encrypted AVP.
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> Add some paragraphs after (6.1):
> 
>    When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
>    CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP MUST be created first. The resulting CMS
>    object MUST then be MIME encoded producing an 
>    application/pkcs7-mime MIME type which is then used as the
>    content of the EnvelopedData. This means that signing is
>    "outside" encryption.
> 
> It might be something like the following:
> 
>    Implementations MUST treat this process as an atomic process, so
>    that one encrypted the set of AVPs required as so, the
>    implementation MUST use the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (as well as
>    any additional AVP required as only signed) as the input to the
>    signing process (even if the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP was not
>    required as digitally signed).

 Since the Diameter message will contain, at least, one 
 CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP and a CMS-Signed-Data AVP with a digital
 signature on it, the convention about the 'P' bit MUST be followed.

>    Where an implementation wants to receive a set of AVPs both
>    encrypted and signed it MIGHT use a work around consisting of
>    requiring the set of AVPs as encrypted and CMS-Encrypted-Data
>    AVP as digitally signed.
> 
>    Where there are more AVPs required as encrypted than digitally
>    signed, a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP MUST be created including only
>    the AVPs that has also to be digitally signed. This AVP will be
>    the input to the signing process. The rest of AVPs required as
>    encrypted MUST be done as many as desired additional
>    CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs.
> 
> Replace the next paragraph in 6.2:
> 
>    When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
> CMS-Encrypted-Data
>    AVP MUST be created first.
> 
> with
> 
>    When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the
> CMS-Encrypted-Data
>    AVP MUST be created first, according to the guidelines stated in
> 6.1.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 08:34:39 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
Reference:
http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-08/msg00246.html
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section: 1.2, 4.4, 6.14
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

When a CMS proxy establishes a DSA on behalf of a client, it uses its
own parameters (or maybe some of the provided by the client in a
previous DSA attempt). Once established, it issues a PDSAA to inform
the client about the status of the DSA. But, what happens once the DSA
has expired? It may receive a message of the same client with AVPs
that it (the proxy) would have protected while the DSA existed.

Does it have to try to establish a new DSA (transparently for the
client)? Or has to warn the client issuing a Diameter message with an
appropriate Result-Code (so that the client issues a PDSAR again)?

My idea is that the proxy should include the TTL of its established
DSA in the PDSAA in order to inform the client when it has to reissue
a PDSAR to make the proxy establish a new DSA.

Requested change: 

Add the following text to the proposed text for issue 136:

  The PDSAA MUST contain the TTL setting agreed by the proxy agent
  for its DSA. This information will allow the access device to
  re-issue a PDSAR when the proxy's DSA has expired.

Change the ABNF grammar of the PDSAA AVP (4.4), being the result:

      <PDSA> ::= < Diameter-Header: 305, PXY >
                 { Result-Code }
                 { Origin-Host }
                 { Origin-Realm }
                 { Auth-Application-Id }
                 { DSA-TTL }
                 [ Origin-State-Id ]
               * [ AVP ]
               * [ Proxy-Info ]
               * [ Route-Record ]

Add the followig text to the description of a DSA-TTL AVP in 6.14:

  A DSA-TTL AVP MUST also be included in the PDSAA in order to
  provide information about the lenght of the DSA established by
  the proxy on behalf of the access device.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 09:43:10 2001
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From: Yiwen Jiang <Yiwen.Jiang@tic.siemens.ca>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Ambiguity on  Destination-Host AVP in Answer messages
Date: Thu, 6 Sep 2001 09:42:40 -0400 
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Submitter name: Dirk Poertner, Yiwen Jiang
Submitter email address: Dirk.Poertner@icn.siemens.de,
yiwen.jiang@tic.siemens.ca
Date first submitted: 2001-9-6
Reference: 
Document: Base-07, MobileIP-07, NASREQ-07, CMS-02
Comment type: E
Priority: 2
Section: Throughout
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

There are inconsistencies/ambiguities regarding Destination-Host AVP
throughout the document. In older versions (< -05), it actually said that
Destination-Host MUST be present in answers. Is this area missed in the
cleanup process, or??

For example, in Base-07:

In Section 6.1,
"      - a request that is not proxiable (such as CER) MUST NOT contain
        either Destination-Realm or Destination-Host AVPs."
But the ABNF format of CER and CEA listed the Destination-Host as optional.

In Section 6.2, 
"      - The Destination-Host and Destination-Realm AVPs MUST NOT be
        present in the answer message." 
But the ABNF formats of DPA and DWA listed the Destination-Host as
mandatory.

In the three application latest versions, Destination-Host AVP is included
in various Answer messages.

Requested change: 

Cleanup these areas to make it consistent.

Cheers,
Yiwen
---
Yiwen Jiang
Mobile IP Networking
Email: Yiwen.Jiang@tic.siemens.ca
Phone: (613)271-7710

Telecom Innovation Centre
505 March Road
Kanata, Ontario, Canada
K2K 2M5


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 10:32:02 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] CMS-Cert in AVP occurrence table
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: E-T
Priority: S
Section: 8.0
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

a) When issuing a DSA-Request, a digital signature (by means of a
CMS-Signed-Data AVP) may be included. If so, an appropriate CMS-Cert
must be included (unless the certificate is included within the
SignedData estructure).

b) In a DSA-Answer, I understand that the digital signature can be
verified by means of the certificates in the AAA-Server-Certs, so that
a CMS-Cert isn't necessary

Requested change: 

a) Replace the row in the AVP occurrence table regarding CMS-Cert

                                 +-----------------------+
                                 |      Command-Code     |
                                 |-----+-----+-----+-----+
   Attribute Name                | DSAR| DSAA| PDSR| PDSA|
   ------------------------------|-----+-----+-----+-----+
   CMS-Cert                      | 0-1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |

b) Clarify if a CMS-Cert is necessary in a DSAA or if it's superseded
by a certificate present in AAA-Server-Cert

BTW, shouldn't be present Key-Hash AVP in the AVP occurrence table?

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


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Error replies to requests with no session id

Submitter name: Jari Arkko 
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: September 6, 2001
Reference: - 
Document:base 
Comment type: T 
Priority: 1 
Section: 7.2 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

  Diameter has a couple of messages such as Device-Watchdog-
  Request that do not include a session id in the request.
  Yet section 7.2 requires that error replies to request
  have the session id. How can we make an error reply
  to Device-Watchdog-Request, for instance? And section
  6.2 then talks about answers, and says that Session-Id
  must be copied where it exists. Perhaps this is the
  right approach, but should the BNF in 7.2 be changed
  then?

  Other messages without Session-Id are Capabilities-
  Exchange-Req and Disconnect-Peer-Request.

Requested change: 

  Perhaps the BNF in 7.2 should be changed, or at
  least words added. I'm not sure how to change the
  BNF, given that we can't indicate a fixed position
  AVP that is optional...

  If added words is enough, then put in at the end
  of 7.2: "Note also that the Session-Id should be
  present if and only if the corresponding request
  contained it."


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 10:55:00 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 128: duplicate packet detection failure case
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In-Reply-To: <0C1353ABB1DEB74DB067ADFF749C4EEF09BB69@esebe004.NOE.Nokia.com>; from john.loughney@nokia.com on Tue, Sep 04, 2001 at 05:59:09PM +0300
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On Tue, Sep 04, 2001 at 05:59:09PM +0300, john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
> Hi Pat,
> 
> Sorry for the delay in responding - I have been quite
> busy - I have another document that just finished
> last call.  I was a bit rushed when I submitted
> the issue for Diameter, it had actually 2 different parts that 
> are easiest to consider separately:
> 
> 1) Marking of the possibly duplicated messages.

but what's the point? How do you know whether the first copy was received? What
about the second copy when sending the third? In any case, duplicate checking 
beyond the 'D' bit is necessary.

> 2) Removal of duplicate messages.
> 
> Step 1 is a minimal functionality for enabling the
> duplicate message checking to be efficient as possible.
> The Diameter client knows (after hearing no response) 
> that it is sending the message a 2nd (or 3rd etc.)
> time (either to the original peer node or an alternate node).
> 
> Enhancing the efficiency of checking is the main
> benefit but it may improve a bit the reliability too. 
> It also improves the reliability somewhat since the
> Diameter client has in End-to-End Identifier only 12
> low order bits of the local time when booting. That is
> 4096 seconds which is a bit over a hour.

I'd argue that if a message takes a bit over an hour to make it to the
server, then the response is moot (and something in the network is broken).

> 
> This means that with very bad luck, a Diameter client
> that goes down and wakes up after 4096 seconds MAY send
> a message with the same End-to-End Identifier, taking from 
> non-volatile memory an earlier sent (but not yet answered) 
> pending message and produces a duplicate. Unless, it has 
> this capability to mark with 'D' bit that the pending message 
> now resent may be a duplicate.)

right, but now you have the same problem, right? If a client reboots twice,
exactly 4096 seconds apart, then the IDs will be similar, and the 'D' bit
becomes irrelevant since once doesn't really know if it is for the first hour,
the second hour, etc.

So I am convinced that the protocol is fine as-is, and duplicate checks is
a little more complicated than just setting a 'D' bit in a header.

>   
> Step 2 is a solution where in addition to the minimal
> solution of marking the possibly duplicated packets, the
> duplicates are also removed form the network as quickly
> as possible, with minimal amount of double-checking.
> 
> This mail presents only a simplified way of step 1, as it
> can be used also as a stand-alone feature (just an additional 
> flag bit in the Diameter header). Please review the following
> description, it would help the Diameter Server to avoid
> the obligation to do a mandatory cross check every single
> received request message - which should save on processing.
> 
> The needed small changes for the step 1)
> (marking of possibly duplicated packets) to the
> draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-07.txt are the following:
> 
> 
> 3.0  Diameter Header
> 
> ...
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       |R P E r r r r r|                  Command-Code                 |
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> 
> would be:
> 
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       |R P E D r r r r|                  Command-Code                 |
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> 
> and
> 
>          E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a protocol error,
>                        and the message will not conform to the ABNF
>                        described for this command.  Messages with the
>                        'E' bit set is commonly referred to as an error
>                        message. This bit MUST NOT be set in request
>                        messages. See section 7.2.
>          r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
>                        MUST be set to zero.
> 
> would get one new flag bit 'D':
> 
>          E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a protocol error,
>                        and the message will not conform to the ABNF
>                        described for this command.  Messages with the
>                        'E' bit set is commonly referred to as an error
>                        message. This bit MUST NOT be set in request
>                        messages. See section 7.2.
>          (possibly) D(uplicated)
>                      - If set, the message is possibly a duplicate,
>                        and must be later checked by a recipient node
>                        if it really is a duplicate. If sending a
>                        message for first time, this bit MUST be cleared.
>                        This bit MUST NOT be set if an answer message
>                        (about e.g. a protocol error) has been got for
>                        an earlier similar message, it is used only
>                        in cases where no answer has been got from the
>                        primary agent for a message and the message is
>                        sent again (e.g. due to failover, to an
>                        alternate agent).
>          r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
>                        MUST be set to zero.
> 
> 
> In:
> 
> 5.5.4  Failover/Failback Procedures
> 
> ...
>    It is important to note that multiple identical request or answer MAY
>    be received as a result of a failover. The End-to-End Identifier
>    field in the Diameter header along with the Origin-Host AVP MUST be
>    used to identify duplicate messages.
> 
> the above paragraph would be amended as:
> 
>    It is important to note that multiple identical request or answer MAY
>    be received as a result of a failover. The possibly-Duplicated flag
>    MUST be set by the Diameter client node that performs failover, to
>    mark those packets that it had sent with no answer message coming from
>    the primary agent, and which it therefore forwards to an alternate
>    node. The final destination node of a message MUST check those
>    messages that have the 'D' bit set, if they can be identified as
>    actually duplicated messages. The intermediate nodes MAY check
>    the messages with the 'D' bit set, if they can be identified
>    as duplicate messages. The End-to-End Identifier field in the
>    Diameter header along with the Origin-Host AVP MUST be used to
>    identify duplicate messages among the marked possibly duplicated
>    messages.
> 
> and in:
> 
> 9.4  Fault Resilience
> 
> ...
>    Diameter peers acting as clients MUST implement the use of failover
>    to guard against server failures and certain network failures.
>    Diameter peers acting as agents or related off-line processing
>    systems MUST detect duplicate accounting records caused by the
>    sending of same record to several servers and duplication of messages
>    in transit. This detection MUST be based on the inspection of the
>    Session-Id and Accounting-Record-Number AVP pairs.
> 
> paragraph would get one sentence to its end:
> 
> ....
>    Diameter peers acting as clients MUST implement the use of failover
>    to guard against server failures and certain network failures.
>    Diameter peers acting as agents or related off-line processing
>    systems MUST detect duplicate accounting records caused by the
>    sending of same record to several servers and duplication of messages
>    in transit. This detection MUST be based on the inspection of the
>    Session-Id and Accounting-Record-Number AVP pairs. The inspection
>    MUST be performed at least for such records that arrived to the
>    Diameter peer in messages having the 'D' bit set.

well, I don't have a particular issue with the above proposed text, but do
question it's need. I'm willing to listen to the WG on this one.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 10:57:33 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Yiwen Jiang <Yiwen.Jiang@tic.siemens.ca>
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Re: failover question
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In-Reply-To: <E7BB0E796757D411BC9A00105ACB123E4B21D3@ticsmtp1.innovation.siemens.ca>; from Yiwen.Jiang@tic.siemens.ca on Tue, Sep 04, 2001 at 03:05:53PM -0400
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great question. I informed Dave, the current API editor, about this problem, and I
believe that we agreed that he would add a callback on the app side that would be
called to notify it of a disconnect (either locally generated, or known via the
ASR).

I believe that Dave is waiting for -08 before releasing the new API spec (but I 
can't speak for Dave, of course).

PatC
On Tue, Sep 04, 2001 at 03:05:53PM -0400, Yiwen Jiang wrote:
> Hi Pat,
> 
> I have a question regarding how failover is handled based on -07. I went to
> the I-D, but couldn't find answer for this question.
> 
> I understand that when a Diameter peer has detected that the connection with
> its remote peer has been lost via the watchdog timer, it will failover to an
> alternate host in its peer table. However, what happens when all the
> alternate hosts are down, and the Diameter cannot forward any messages to
> them? Or, if there is no other peers specified in the peer table? 
> 
> How would the base protocol notify its applications about this situation?
> Or, what would be your recommendation on how the application detects such
> situation, since the watchdog timers and such are all hidden from all
> Diameter applications?
> 
> Thanks.
> 
> Cheers,
> Yiwen
> ---
> Yiwen Jiang
> Mobile IP Networking
> Email: Yiwen.Jiang@tic.siemens.ca
> Phone: (613)271-7710
> 
> Telecom Innovation Centre
> 505 March Road
> Kanata, Ontario, Canada
> K2K 2M5


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep  6 11:09:20 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Yanqun.Le@nokia.com
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] the use of Disconnect-Peer-Request
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In-Reply-To: <F3768A6EA461D311A4BD0008C7735E59025260F6@beeis01nok>; from Yanqun.Le@nokia.com on Thu, Sep 06, 2001 at 05:50:52AM +0300
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Yanqun,

I had received your request on the mailing list, but seem to be having some
issues in keeping up with work :(

Here's a snapshot of a portion of the state machine that will appear in -08. If
you believe that it is still incorrect, please let me know:

R-Open           Send-Message     R-Snd-Message    R-Open
                 R-Rcv-Message    Process          R-Open
                 WatchDog-Timer   R-Snd-DWR        R-Open
                 R-Rcv-DWR        Process-DWR,     R-Open
                                  R-Snd-DWA
                 R-Rcv-DWA        Process-DWA      R-Open
                 R-Conn-CER       R-Snd-CEA        R-Open
                                  R-Reject
                 Stop             R-Snd-DPR        Closing
                 R-Rcv-DPR        R-Snd-DPA,       Closed
                                  R-Disc
                 R-Peer-Disc      R-Disc           Closed
                 R-Rcv-CER        Error            Closed
                 R-Rcv-CEA        Error            Closed

I-Open           Send-Message     I-Snd-Message    I-Open
                 I-Rcv-Message    Process          I-Open
                 WatchDog-Timer   I-Snd-DWR        I-Open
                 I-Rcv-DWR        Process-DWR,     I-Open
                                  I-Snd-DWA
                 I-Rcv-DWA        Process-DWA      I-Open
                 R-Conn-CER       R-Reject         I-Open
                 Stop             I-Disc           Closed
                 I-Rcv-DPR        I-Snd-DPA,       Closed
                                  I-Disc
                 I-Peer-Disc      I-Snd-DPR        Closing
                 I-Rcv-CER        Error            Closed
                 I-Rcv-CEA        Error            Closed

Thanks,

PatC
On Thu, Sep 06, 2001 at 05:50:52AM +0300, Yanqun.Le@nokia.com wrote:
> Submitter name: Yanqun Le
> Submitter email address: yanqun.e@nokia.com 
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
> Reference: 
> Document: Base-07
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 2
> Section: 5.4 and 5.6
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> 1) We are puzzled of the use of Disconnect-Peer-Request. It doesn't appear
> in Peer FSM. Does the event of R-Peer-Disc appeared in Peer FSM have the
> same meaning to it? 
> 
> 2) If a peer sends out DPR, which peer state should it change to? If it
> can't receive DPA, what shall it do?
> 
> 3) I infer from draft 07, a receiver of DPR should not periodically attempt
> to reconnect to the sender of DPR. Then only if the sender of DPR will
> reconnect to another peer after it is going to do so?
>  
> Best regards
> Yanqun Le
> 


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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
Reference:
http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-08/msg00300.html
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 1.2
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_TRUST error is introduced in section 7.2 of
CMS-Sec. However, no explicit mention to it is done in the text. The
definition is as follows:

  This error code is returned when a receiver receives a PDSR for
  which it has no common trust with the sender, which is required
  to establish the DSA.

What seems to suggest that when a proxy receives a PDSAR from a client
when there no exist "common trust" between them.

In which situations is considered that there's common trust?

Requested change: 

Add clarifying text

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep  7 05:51:04 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-07
Reference: 
Document: Base-07|CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section: 7.1.5|7.2, CMS-02 2.0
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

There's no defined error code for situations in which a node receives
an AVP with its 'P' bit set not being authorised to have its 'P' bit
set

Requested change: 

Add in the appropriate place (7.1.5 in Base-07 or 7.2 in CMS-02) a new
error code:

      DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_P_BIT         50xx
         The request contained an AVP with an invalid value in its 'P'
         bit. A Diameter message indicating this error MUST include
         the offending AVPs within a Failed-AVP AVP.

Add at the end of the section 2.0 in CMS-02:

   Diameter implementations MUST check whether AVPs with its 'P' bit
   set are allowed to use it. If not, an appropriate error message
   MUST be issued containing DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_P_BIT result code.


Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep  7 06:23:10 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-07
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section: 3.1, 6.9, 6.10, 7.2
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

A Diameter node can request protection on certain AVPs that are not
allowed (i.e. requested as signed an AVP which can't set its 'P' bit
or as encrypted an AVP which can't be encrypted). No check nor error
code has been defined.

Requested change: 

Add the following paragraph to 3.1 (after the list of components of
the DSAR):

   The destination node MUST check that the provided elements of
   the DSAR are valid. It MUST check, at least, that:

      - Its local policy allows it to provide a TTL compatible with 
        the value provided in the request.
      - One of the CAs provided is suitable of being the top of a
        CA certificate chain that will assure the certificates of
        the servers in the Home Domain.

   If these conditions can not be verified, the destination node MUST
   return a DSAA with the Result-Code AVP set to 
   DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED.

   The destination node MUST also verify that the protection
   expectations are valid. If it is requested as signed an AVP
   which may not set its 'P' bit or as encrypted an AVP which may
   not be encrypted, the destination node MUST return a DSAA with the
   Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_ERRONEOUS_PROTECTION_EXPECTATIONS.


   In the event....

Add the following paragraph to 6.9:

   If the AVP code specified in the Expected-Signed-AVP is not
   valid (that it, that AVP is not allowed to set its 'P' bit), the
   implementation MUST issue an error message containing the
   DIAMETER_ERRONEOUS_PROTECTION_EXPECTATIONS result code

Add the following paragraph to 6.10:

   If the AVP code specified in the Expected-Encrypted-AVP is not
   valid (that it, that AVP is not allowed to be encrypted), the
   implementation MUST issue an error message containing the
   DIAMETER_ERRONEOUS_PROTECTION_EXPECTATIONS result code

Add the following error code to 7.2:

      DIAMETER_ERRONEOUS_PROTECTION_EXPECTATIONS         50xx
         The protection expectations stated in the Expected-Signed-AVP
         or Expected-Encrypted-AVP are invalid. A Diameter message
         indicating this error MUST include the offending AVPs within
         a Failed-AVP AVP.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep  7 09:30:05 2001
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I have trouble understanding issue #168. Section
7.2 of cms-sec-02 does not include such an error.
Also, the provided reference doesn't seem to
be related to this issue. Perhaps this error
was agreed in the context of some other issue?
But searching 'issues.html' with 'trust' didn't
reveal anything either.

... clarification would be appreciated (or maybe
my web cache is just out of sync of the drafts?)

Jari


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep  7 09:38:59 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_TRUST error
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> I have trouble understanding issue #168. Section
> 7.2 of cms-sec-02 does not include such an error.

Right. It isn't still in the draft. I didn't checked that it wasn't
actually in the CMS-02 but in the resolution of one of the issues (I
don't remember which one).

I'd better have talket to Pat off-line.

Pat, please, could you drop this issue? (although I still need some
clafirication on this point before adding it to the draft)

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep  7 10:26:31 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Expiration of DSAs on behalf of a client
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Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> 
> Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
> Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-06
> Reference:
> http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-08/msg00246.html
> Document: CMS-02
> Comment type: T
> Priority: S
> Section: 1.2, 4.4, 6.14
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> Add the following text to the proposed text for issue 136:
> 
>   The PDSAA MUST contain the TTL setting agreed by the proxy agent
>   for its DSA. This information will allow the access device to
>   re-issue a PDSAR when the proxy's DSA has expired.

Well, the PDSAR may be used also (without DSA-Target-Realm) to inform
the proxy that it must establish DSAs with all the realms it will be
communicating with, so that maybe a MAY instead a MUST would be
better.

> Change the ABNF grammar of the PDSAA AVP (4.4), being the result:
> 
>       <PDSA> ::= < Diameter-Header: 305, PXY >
>                  { Result-Code }
>                  { Origin-Host }
>                  { Origin-Realm }
>                  { Auth-Application-Id }

                   [ DSA-TTL ]

>                  [ Origin-State-Id ]
>                * [ AVP ]
>                * [ Proxy-Info ]
>                * [ Route-Record ]
> 
> Add the followig text to the description of a DSA-TTL AVP in 6.14:
> 
>   A DSA-TTL AVP MUST also be included in the PDSAA in order to
>   provide information about the lenght of the DSA established by
>   the proxy on behalf of the access device.

Same comment

Regards

  // M.A.

--
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep  7 11:17:57 2001
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From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] missing realm protocol error
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Submitter name: Mark Eklund
Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
Date first submitted: 2001-09-07
Reference: 
Document: Base-07
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 7.1.3
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Section 6.1 states that

      - a request that needs to be sent to a specific home server among
        those serving a given realm, MUST contain both the Destination-
        Realm and Destination-Host AVPs.

If there is a Destination-Host, but no Destination-Realm, there
is no way to respond with a protocol error.  

MISSING_AVP is not a protocol error, so you must use the correct
ABNF for the answer.  This is not possible for a many proxy
situations if the proxy is not aware of a certain Application (a
simple relay agent for example).

DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER is used when the realm known,
but no hosts are available.

DIAMETER_REALM_NOT_SERVED is used when the realm is available,
but not served.

Requested change: 

Either add a new DIAMETER_MISSING_DESTINATION_REALM protocol
error, or reword DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER or
DIAMETER_REALM_NOT_SERVED to include the above situation.

-mark




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep  7 11:54:04 2001
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Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 08:53:58 -0700 (PDT)
From: James Kempf <James.Kempf@Sun.COM>
Reply-To: James Kempf <James.Kempf@Sun.COM>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: JSR for Diameter Java API?
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Hi folks,

In the hopes that everybody is not so exhausted by the effort to finish up
the protocol that they will ignore this :-), I'd like to bring up a proposal
for the API.

The proposal is to separate out the Java API and run it through the
Java Community Process as a JSR in addition to or instead of 
doing it as part of the Informational RFC. In general, the IETF
does not standardize APIs as everyone probably already knows. An
Informational RFC does not have the same weight as a Standards Track
RFC. The Java Community Process is designed to standardize Java APIs.
An API that has gone through the JSR process and received approval
has the same weight in the Java community as a Standards Track
RFC does within the IETF.

What is involved is the following:

- Identify someone willing to act as a specification leader. The spec
leader is responsible for writing the JSR and shepharding it
through the process, and for seeing that the reference implementation
and test suite are made available.

- Identify  a group of experts willing to review the specification.
The experts must represent a wide group of interested parties in the
industry. Having most or all of them from one company is not acceptable.

- Identify someone willing to produce a reference implementation
and test suite. I'm not entirely sure of the details on the
license, but I believe it must be close or equivalent to open source, if not 
Open Source (capital O, capital S).

As a point of reference, the Service Location Working Group chose, primarily
through lack of interest, not to pursue this path two years ago, and
now continued work outside the working group has resulted in considerable
interest and a JSR has been developed.

Is there any interest in pursuing a JSR for the Diameter API at this time? Note:
if you reply affirmatively, please also indicate your level of interest and
committment to playing one of the roles in the process mentioned above.

		jak



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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'James Kempf'" <James.Kempf@Sun.COM>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: JSR for Diameter Java API?
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 11:13:37 -0500 
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> As a point of reference, the Service Location Working Group 
> chose, primarily
> through lack of interest, not to pursue this path two years ago, and
> now continued work outside the working group has resulted in 
> considerable
> interest and a JSR has been developed.
> 
> Is there any interest in pursuing a JSR for the Diameter API 
> at this time? Note:
> if you reply affirmatively, please also indicate your level 
> of interest and
> committment to playing one of the roles in the process 
> mentioned above.

I'm definitely interested in pursuing this idea.  I'm willing to serve as any/all roles mentioned.  I haven't yet discussed it with any supervisors, but I would hope to be able to provide my implementation as a possible reference implementation.

-Brian


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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Result-code with 'P' bit erroneous
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I agree with this issue as such. I would suggest however slightly
more general error code, and it to be put to the base. This
way we could handle any illegal bit-AVP combinations:

      DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_BIT_COMBINATION         50xx
         The request contained an AVP with which is not allowed
         to have the given value in the AVP Flags field. A Diameter message
         indicating this error MUST include the offending AVPs
         within a Failed-AVP AVP.

and then:

   Diameter implementations MUST check whether AVPs with its 'P' bit
   set are allowed to use it. If not, an appropriate error message
   MUST be issued containing DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_BIT_COMBINATION
   result code.

Jari





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From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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        <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Erroneous protection expectations
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 20:41:43 +0300
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I agree with the parts of this issue. However, I would
suggest that instead of creating a new error code we
could simply use DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.
Otherwise we end up creating a special error code for
all AVPs.

Also, I would suggest we don't list all the checks explicitly
because, essentially, the destination node must check
ALL sent parameters according to the policies. I've reformulated
the text slightly to be a bit more general in this respect.

Edited change request below.

Jari

> Add the following paragraph to 3.1 (after the list of components of
> the DSAR):
> 
>    The destination node MUST check that the provided elements of
>    the DSAR are valid. It MUST check, at least, that:
> 
>       - Its local policy allows the given TTL, realm, AVP protection
>         expectations, certification status, and other parameters. 
>       - A common "top" of the certificate chain can be found between
>         the home and foreign domains.
> 
>    If these conditions can not be verified, the destination node MUST
>    return a DSAA with the Result-Code AVP set to 
>    DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED.
> 
>    The destination node MUST also verify that the protection
>    expectations are valid. If it is requested as signed an AVP
>    which may not set its 'P' bit or as encrypted an AVP which may
>    not be encrypted, the destination node MUST return a DSAA with the
>    Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.
> 
> 
>    In the event....
> 
> Add the following paragraph to 6.9:
> 
>    If the AVP code specified in the Expected-Signed-AVP is not
>    valid (that it, that AVP is not allowed to set its 'P' bit), the
>    implementation MUST issue an error message containing the
>    DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE result code
> 
> Add the following paragraph to 6.10:
> 
>    If the AVP code specified in the Expected-Encrypted-AVP is not
>    valid (that it, that AVP is not allowed to be encrypted), the
>    implementation MUST issue an error message containing the
>    DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE result code





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References: <Pine.GSO.4.21.0109071058060.391-100000@knox6039>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] missing realm protocol error
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> Either add a new DIAMETER_MISSING_DESTINATION_REALM protocol
> error, or reword DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER or
> DIAMETER_REALM_NOT_SERVED to include the above situation.

Perhaps we should avoid again the explosion of new error
codes, and pick the second option. Here's a an attempt at the
rewording:

      DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER         3003
         This error is given when Diameter can not deliver
         the message to the destination, either because
         no host within the realm was available to process
         the request, or because Destination-Host AVP was
         given without the associated Destination-Realm AVP.







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From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Miguel_=C1ngel_Monjas_Llorente?= <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>,
        <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
References: <3B976DFB.51659365@rioja.ericsson.se> <3B98D97A.48CB66D0@rioja.ericsson.se>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] CMS-Cert in AVP occurrence table
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 21:16:03 +0300
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>a) When issuing a DSA-Request, a digital signature (by means of a
>CMS-Signed-Data AVP) may be included. If so, an appropriate CMS-Cert
>must be included (unless the certificate is included within the
>SignedData estructure).

Section 5.0 states that the CMS-Cert may be present in DSAR
and DSAA. For the return message, it's the home server's cert.
But as far as I can see, the CMS-Cert MUST be present and can't
be avoided. (Unless we want to optimize the case where we already
have the cert? No, I think it is too messy)

So, the correct new line is:

   CMS-Cert                      | 1   | 1   | 0   | 0   |


>b) Clarify if a CMS-Cert is necessary in a DSAA or if it's superseded
>by a certificate present in AAA-Server-Cert

I can't find AAA-Server-Cert from the cms-sec-02 version.

>BTW, shouldn't be present Key-Hash AVP in the AVP occurrence table?

No, because it's a subpart of Local-CA-Info AVP which you can find
from the table already.

In conclusion I think we should change the AVP occurrence line
for CMS-Cert, but nothing else.

Jari





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep  7 14:40:47 2001
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I have no problem with that resolution.
-mark

On Fri, 7 Sep 2001, Jari Arkko wrote:

> > Either add a new DIAMETER_MISSING_DESTINATION_REALM protocol
> > error, or reword DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER or
> > DIAMETER_REALM_NOT_SERVED to include the above situation.
> 
> Perhaps we should avoid again the explosion of new error
> codes, and pick the second option. Here's a an attempt at the
> rewording:
> 
>       DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER         3003
>          This error is given when Diameter can not deliver
>          the message to the destination, either because
>          no host within the realm was available to process
>          the request, or because Destination-Host AVP was
>          given without the associated Destination-Realm AVP.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 10 03:09:38 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Result-code with 'P' bit erroneous
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> I agree with this issue as such. I would suggest however slightly
> more general error code, and it to be put to the base. This
> way we could handle any illegal bit-AVP combinations:
> 
>       DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_BIT_COMBINATION         50xx
>          The request contained an AVP with which is not allowed
>          to have the given value in the AVP Flags field. A Diameter message
>          indicating this error MUST include the offending AVPs
>          within a Failed-AVP AVP.
> 
> and then:
> 
>    Diameter implementations MUST check whether AVPs with its 'P' bit
>    set are allowed to use it. If not, an appropriate error message
>    MUST be issued containing DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_BIT_COMBINATION
>    result code.

I agree with Jari's resolution. If Pat's also agrees on it...

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 10 03:14:01 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 09:16:02 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Erroneous protection expectations
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> I agree with the parts of this issue. However, I would
> suggest that instead of creating a new error code we
> could simply use DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.
> Otherwise we end up creating a special error code for
> all AVPs.

You're right. Maybe I'd better point only error situations and not
result codes.

> Also, I would suggest we don't list all the checks explicitly
> because, essentially, the destination node must check
> ALL sent parameters according to the policies. I've reformulated
> the text slightly to be a bit more general in this respect.
> 
> Edited change request below.

I agree on Jari's re-replacements.

> > Add the following paragraph to 3.1 (after the list of components of
> > the DSAR):
> >
> >    The destination node MUST check that the provided elements of
> >    the DSAR are valid. It MUST check, at least, that:
> >
> >       - Its local policy allows the given TTL, realm, AVP protection
> >         expectations, certification status, and other parameters.
> >       - A common "top" of the certificate chain can be found between
> >         the home and foreign domains.
> >
> >    If these conditions can not be verified, the destination node MUST
> >    return a DSAA with the Result-Code AVP set to
> >    DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED.
> >
> >    The destination node MUST also verify that the protection
> >    expectations are valid. If it is requested as signed an AVP
> >    which may not set its 'P' bit or as encrypted an AVP which may
> >    not be encrypted, the destination node MUST return a DSAA with the
> >    Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.
> >
> >
> >    In the event....
> >
> > Add the following paragraph to 6.9:
> >
> >    If the AVP code specified in the Expected-Signed-AVP is not
> >    valid (that it, that AVP is not allowed to set its 'P' bit), the
> >    implementation MUST issue an error message containing the
> >    DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE result code
> >
> > Add the following paragraph to 6.10:
> >
> >    If the AVP code specified in the Expected-Encrypted-AVP is not
> >    valid (that it, that AVP is not allowed to be encrypted), the
> >    implementation MUST issue an error message containing the
> >    DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE result code

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 10 03:25:23 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] CMS-Cert in AVP occurrence table
References: <3B976DFB.51659365@rioja.ericsson.se> <3B98D97A.48CB66D0@rioja.ericsson.se> <00a501c137c9$27933ec0$8a1b6e0a@arenanet.fi>
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> >a) When issuing a DSA-Request, a digital signature (by means of a
> >CMS-Signed-Data AVP) may be included. If so, an appropriate CMS-Cert
> >must be included (unless the certificate is included within the
> >SignedData estructure).
> 
> Section 5.0 states that the CMS-Cert may be present in DSAR
> and DSAA. For the return message, it's the home server's cert.
> But as far as I can see, the CMS-Cert MUST be present and can't
> be avoided. (Unless we want to optimize the case where we already
> have the cert? No, I think it is too messy)

I've seen it, but being only an example, I'd rather want to know the
right answer.

> So, the correct new line is:
> 
>    CMS-Cert                      | 1   | 1   | 0   | 0   |

Assuming that a CMS-Cert MUST always go with a digital signature, it's
OK.

> >b) Clarify if a CMS-Cert is necessary in a DSAA or if it's superseded
> >by a certificate present in AAA-Server-Cert
> 
> I can't find AAA-Server-Cert from the cms-sec-02 version.

Sorry by the typo. It's AAA-Server-Certs and it's described in section
6.6. As far as I understand, the destination node of the DSA is one of
the AAA servers of the domain, so that the digital signature included
in the DSAA can be verified by means of one of such certificates.
Can't it?

> >BTW, shouldn't be present Key-Hash AVP in the AVP occurrence table?
> 
> No, because it's a subpart of Local-CA-Info AVP which you can find
> from the table already.

Yes. I thought the same. But I also noticed that the other subpart of
Local-CA-Info AVP (CA-Name AVP) is actually listed. As far as I
understand both o none of them must be listed.

> In conclusion I think we should change the AVP occurrence line
> for CMS-Cert, but nothing else.

You're assuming that:

- No optimization would be employed (what looks right).
- The digital certificate of the destination DSA participant isn't
included in AAA-Server-Certs (what I'd like to be confirmed).

Comments?

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 10 09:29:02 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: AAA-Server-Certs vs. CMS-Cert [was: CMS-Cert in AVP occurrence table]
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Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:

> Yes. I thought the same. But I also noticed that the other subpart of
> Local-CA-Info AVP (CA-Name AVP) is actually listed. As far as I
> understand both o none of them must be listed.

Right. Take both away then.

> > In conclusion I think we should change the AVP occurrence line
> > for CMS-Cert, but nothing else.
> 
> You're assuming that:
> 
> - No optimization would be employed (what looks right).
> - The digital certificate of the destination DSA participant isn't
> included in AAA-Server-Certs (what I'd like to be confirmed).

I have actually managed to get now confused on the AAA-Server-Certs
and CMS-Cert. Which one is what, and why doesn't AAA-Server-Certs
specify the format of the contents, like CMS-Cert does?

Jari


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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Cc: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Re: AAA-Server-Certs vs. CMS-Cert [was: CMS-Cert in AVP occurrence 
 table]
References: <3B976DFB.51659365@rioja.ericsson.se> <3B98D97A.48CB66D0@rioja.ericsson.se> <00a501c137c9$27933ec0$8a1b6e0a@arenanet.fi> <3B9C6B68.BBBECA12@rioja.ericsson.se> <3B9CC057.52B20C3C@lmf.ericsson.se>
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> 
> > Yes. I thought the same. But I also noticed that the other subpart of
> > Local-CA-Info AVP (CA-Name AVP) is actually listed. As far as I
> > understand both o none of them must be listed.
> 
> Right. Take both away then.

It is the more coherent option...

> > - The digital certificate of the destination DSA participant isn't
> > included in AAA-Server-Certs (what I'd like to be confirmed).
> 
> I have actually managed to get now confused on the AAA-Server-Certs
> and CMS-Cert. Which one is what, and why doesn't AAA-Server-Certs
> specify the format of the contents, like CMS-Cert does?

Good question. Maybe Pat or Stephen could answer this question... (the
only mention of this AVP was in the discussion about the obligation of
including a digital signature in the DSA-Answer; this AVP MUST have
its 'P' bit set)

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 10 11:58:37 2001
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Sounds good to me.

PatC
On Mon, Sep 10, 2001 at 09:11:15AM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> Jari Arkko wrote:
> > 
> > I agree with this issue as such. I would suggest however slightly
> > more general error code, and it to be put to the base. This
> > way we could handle any illegal bit-AVP combinations:
> > 
> >       DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_BIT_COMBINATION         50xx
> >          The request contained an AVP with which is not allowed
> >          to have the given value in the AVP Flags field. A Diameter message
> >          indicating this error MUST include the offending AVPs
> >          within a Failed-AVP AVP.
> > 
> > and then:
> > 
> >    Diameter implementations MUST check whether AVPs with its 'P' bit
> >    set are allowed to use it. If not, an appropriate error message
> >    MUST be issued containing DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_BIT_COMBINATION
> >    result code.
> 
> I agree with Jari's resolution. If Pat's also agrees on it...
> 
> Regards
> 
>   // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 10 17:16:59 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 14:08:09 -0700
From: Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
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Submitter name: Tony Johansson
Submitter email address: tony.johansson@ericsson.com
Date first submitted: 2001-09-10
Reference: 
Document: Base-07
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 4.3
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Float128 is specified in the Base specification, but not int128 and u_int128. Is there a particular need for Float128?. 

Furthermore, is Float128 even supported in most OSs?
  

Requested change:

Remove Float128 from the Base, unless somebody can tell that float128 is really needed and can be supported be the majority of known OSs. 




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 10 17:32:34 2001
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Date: Mon, 10 Sep 2001 14:24:36 -0700
From: Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
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All,

I just want to remind every one that the last date to register for the 
interop testing event is this Friday (10/14/01), please find further 
info how register at the url below.

http://standards.ericsson.net/diameter-bake-off/

Regards,

/Tony



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 10 17:56:13 2001
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Sorry I meant 14th of September as last date to register. Thus, this Friday.

Regards,

/Tony

Tony Johansson wrote:

> All,
>
> I just want to remind every one that the last date to register for the 
> interop testing event is this Friday (10/14/01), please find further 
> info how register at the url below.
>
> http://standards.ericsson.net/diameter-bake-off/
>
> Regards,
>
> /Tony





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 11 13:37:17 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Hi all,

I've compiled a comprehensive list of error situations I've found when
dealing wiht the CMS draft. Most of them has been listed in previous
list but I think that a full list will be interesting.

After each error I've included four items:

Error code issued: the result code issued in every situation.
Definition of the error: where the definition of the error is stated.
Included in CMS-02 draft: whether it has been considered in CMS-02
Included in CMS-03 draft: whether it has been considered in CMS-02
Status: what I consider that should be done.

====================================================================

1 PROTECTION MISMATCH

1. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP and no
AVPs with its 'P' bit set.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_AVP_NOT_ALLOWED
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: not necessary to add any information to the drafts.

2. A Diameter message arrives containing some AVPs with its 'P' bit
set and without any CMS-Signed-Data AVP.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_MISSING_AVP
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: not necessary to add any information to the drafts.

3. A Diameter message arrives containing AVPs with its 'P' bit set
without being authorised for being protected.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_BIT_COMBINATION
Definition of the error: suggested in base (7.1.5) (resolution of
issue 169)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes (suggested at the end of section 2.0)
Status: agreed on WG (issue 169).

4. A Diameter message arrives containing AVPs with its 'P' set when it
was not agreed on the DSA establishment that they should be protected:
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_BIT_COMBINATION
Definition of the error: suggested in base (7.1.5) (resolution of
issue 169)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: confirmation needed.

5. A Diameter message arrives containing AVPs which were agreed on the
DSA establishment as being encrypted (that is, they should not be
present in plain in the message):
Error code issued: DIAMETER_AVP_NOT_ALLOWED
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: confirmation needed.

6. A CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP arrives within a Diameter message
containing AVPs that are not authorised to be encrypted:
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: confirmation needed.

7. A CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP arrives within a Diameter message
containing AVPs that were not agreed on the DSA establishment as
encryptable:
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: confirmation needed.

8. A CMS-Signed-Data AVP arrives within a Diameter message containing
a digital signature on a set of AVPs different from the AVPs with its
'P' bit set:
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: confirmation needed.

2 NO DSA AVAILABLE

9. A Diameter message arrives including some Diameter CMS Security
Application AVPs (CMS-Signed-Data, CMS-Encrypted-Data or CMS-Cert)
with no DSA established.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED
Definition of the error: CMS-03 (7.2)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: Just as result code definition (resolution
of issue 169 proposes its explicit mention but regarding error
situation 11)
Status: confirmation needed.

10. A Diameter message arrives including some Diameter CMS Security
Application AVPs (CMS-Signed-Data, CMS-Encrypted-Data or CMS-Cert)
with an expired DSA (if the implementation is able to detect that the
AVPs come from a node with which a former DSA was established).
Error code issued: DIAMETER_DSA_EXPIRED
Definition of the error: CMS-03 (7.2)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: Just as result code definition.
Status: confirmation needed.

3 ERRORS IN DSA ESTABLISHMENT

11. A Diameter server can not set up a DSA upon receiving a
DSA-Request since it is not able to construct a DSA-Answer according
to the rules listed in section 3.1: 
Error code issued: DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED
Definition of the error: CMS-03 (7.2)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: agreed on WG (issue 156).

12. A Diameter proxy or client can not set up a DSA upon receiving a
DSA-Answer since it is not able to verify all the conditions listed in
section 3.1:
Error code issued: DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED
Definition of the error: CMS-03 (7.2)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: Just as result code definition.
Status: discussion on the WG (issue 170, still not approved).

13. A Diameter node can not set up a DSA upon receiving a DSA-Request
or a DSA-Answer because the requested protection on certain AVPs is
not allowed (that is, requesting as signed an AVP which may not set
its 'P' bit or as encrypted an AVP which may not be encrypted).
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes (section 3.1).
Status: discussion on the WG (issue 170, still not approved).

4 ERRORS REGARDING CRYPTOGRAPHIC AVPS VERIFICATION

14. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP that
does not include any digital signature made by the node included in
the Origin-Host AVP.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH
Definition of the error: CMS-03 (7.1)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No.
Status: confirmation needed.

15. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP. No
appropriate digital certificate (regarding the identity included in
the Origin-Host AVP) is available, neither included in the Diameter
message as a CMS-Cert AVP nor available in the local cache.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH
Definition of the error: CMS-03 (7.1)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No.
Status: confirmation needed.

16. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP. The
digital signature is invalid.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH
Definition of the error: CMS-03 (7.1)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No.
Status: agreed on WG (issue 156).

17. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP.
The recipient is not on the list of recipients specified in the
RecipientInfos of the CMS EnvelopedData object and the node decides to
indicate an error.
Error code issued: 
Definition of the error: 
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft:
Status: proposal needed.

18. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP and
does not have the required shared secret: 
Error code issued: DIAMETER_KEY_UNKNOWN
Definition of the error: CMS-02 (7.1)
Included in CMS-02 draft: Yes
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: no discussion needed.

19. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP and
an error occurs during decryption.
Error code issued: 
Definition of the error: 
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft:
Status: proposal needed.

20. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Signed-Data AVP with
an invalid ContentInfo object.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA
Definition of the error: CMS-02 (7.1)
Included in CMS-02 draft: Yes
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: no discussion needed.

21. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP
with an invalid ContentInfo object.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA
Definition of the error: CMS-02 (7.1)
Included in CMS-02 draft: Yes
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: no discussion needed.

22. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Cert AVP with an
invalid ContentInfo object.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA
Definition of the error: CMS-02 (7.1)
Included in CMS-02 draft: Yes
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: no discussion needed.

5 REVALIDATION ERRORS

23. A Diameter node that does not support certificate revocation
checks has calculated a safe period based on the expiration dates of
the certificates. Once this safe period has finishing, a Diameter
message including a CMS-Signed-Data AVP arrives without any
certificate:
Error code issued: 
Definition of the error: 
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft:
Status: proposal needed.

6 OCPS SUPPORT

24. OCSP responses for every certificate are requested by means of the
OCSP-Request-Flags AVP. The Diameter server supports OCSP querying but
the OCSP responder is not available (the server gets a timeout, for
instance).
Error code issued: DIAMETER_OCSP_NOT_SUPPORTED
Definition of the error: CMS-02
Included in CMS-02 draft: Yes
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: confirmation needed.

25. OCSP responses for every certificate are requested by means of the
OCSP-Request-Flags AVP. The Diameter server does not support OCSP
querying.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_OCSP_NOT_SUPPORTED
Definition of the error: CMS-02
Included in CMS-02 draft: Yes
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: no discussion needed.

7 CMS PROXY MODE

26. A Diameter proxy receives a DSAR. The protection levels are not
compatible with the local policy.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_NO_CMS_THROUGH_PROXY
Definition of the error: CMS-02
Included in CMS-02 draft: Yes
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: no discussion needed.

27. A Diameter proxy receives a DSAR. The protection levels are
compatible with the local policy.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_CAN_ACT_AS_CMS_PROXY
Definition of the error: CMS-02
Included in CMS-02 draft: Yes
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: no discussion needed.

28. A Diameter proxy receives a PDSR for which it has no common trust
with the sender, which is required to establish the DSA.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_TRUST
Definition of the error: CMS-03 (7.2)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: Yes
Status: clarification needed.

8 MISCELLANEOUS

29. The DSA participant in the home network does not belong to the
same realm as the user being authorized.
Error code issued: DIAMETER_AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: confirmation needed.

30. No more than one CMS-Signed-Data AVP must be present in any given
Diameter message: DIAMETER_AVP_NOT_ALLOWED
Error code issued: DIAMETER_AVP_NOT_ALLOWED
Definition of the error: base (7.1.5)
Included in CMS-02 draft: No
Included in CMS-03 draft: No
Status: confirmation needed.

====================================================================

The different status mean the following:

- Confirmation needed (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 24, 29 and 30).
I've supposed that a determinate result code must be used but I'd need
a explicit confirmation about it. If my suppositions are correct, some
text on the draft might be added to make it clearer.
- Proposal needed (17, 19 and 23). No idea about which result code
must be used (I suspect that a newly defined result code should be
used)
- Clarification needed (28). It regards issue 168.

As I understand that this can be a tedious task, I offer my help to
Pat to add the suggested clarification text to the draft once the
confirmations have been issued.

Regards

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep 12 07:45:09 2001
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From: john.loughney@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Question on Diameter behavior in Failure cases (VER
	SION 1.2)
Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2001 14:39:06 +0300
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Hi Bernard,

my comments are embedded in the text below.

Br, 
John

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Bernard Aboba [mailto:aboba@internaut.com]
>
> > One question I have is what happens if a Diameter client goes 
> > down while sending messages, before getting a response to a 
> > pending message, when there is no secondary peer?
> 
> If the NAS goes down, you will have a AAA failure whether there
> are secondary servers or not. The way to handle that kind of failure
> is via clustering technology (some NASes already support this today)
> so that the connection can be migrated to another NAS. 
> Diameter can't help
> with this. 

Yes, clustering is an option if costs are not really relevant.
But the Diameter could be defined so that it is reliable
and robust. On the other hand, it would be a quite expesive
requirement if every Diameter node would have to be clustered
(if the Diameter could not itself be made reliable).

> > Does that imply that a Diameter node may not ALWAYS have a
> > secondary or additional connections available.
> 
> Failover protection is not mandatory. But if you want high
> availability it is a good idea.

Ok. As you stated (and I understood from the draft),
Diameter node is thus intended to work in both cases:

a) with additional connections available
b) as a node permanently without additional connections.

Additionally there may be the case
c) the additional connection(s) is/are temporarily out of order.

> > In that case, if the Diameter client stops temporarily getting 
> > answer messages (and does not have an alternate agent to send 
> > the payload packet), the primary peer may recover (after a boot,
> > for example). Then the following problem arises:
> > 
> 
> I'm confused. You were initially talking about a *client* 
> failure. Now you
> are talking about *server* failures. If the primary server 
> fails and there
> is no alternate, then availability is compromised. Again, there isn't
> much that Diameter can do about that. 

Sorry if my wording was not clear. I meant that 
this email thread discusses _several_ failure cases,
as indicated in the email Subject.

The words were there just as intended: "The Diameter client
stops temporarily _getting_ messages" meant that the
primary peer (Diameter Agent) is down (or the link to it).

So I was (as intended) talking in the referred text about a
Diameter agent failure instead of Diameter client failure.

To the second part of the above comment it could be
answered that Diameter _could_ really do something
about the situation, even if there are no Diameter
agents temporarily available.

The Diameter client certainly has at least some RAM
memory available and it may have non-volatile memory too.

(It is already defined in the chapter 8.8 and
9.4 that there may be non-volatile memory available
and that the Diameter node can keep count of the
restarts and even communicate the number outwards
if needed, using the Session-Id AVP.)

These memory resources allow (as long as they
last) the Diameter client to put all the pending
messages in buffers, waiting for a peer node/link to come
up.

=> The Diameter client that gets the communication
working again to the awakening peer node, may indeed
be in position to overcome a temporary state of
isolation. It may be able to deliver all the locally
(volatile/non-volatile memory) buffered pending
messages. So, the Diameter client could
well try for more than abandon all its packets
pending to be sent, if temporarily there is no
working link to a peer node. It could resend the
before link failure not yet unacknowledged
messages (minimum amount: 0, max amount: the
protocol window size) again. But to "warn" the
Diameter server, the 'D' bit would be set for the
one (or very few) yet unacknowledged messages. This
would tell the Diameter server that it should check
them (with the E2E Identifier pairs & the Origin-Host
AVP pairs), as they (only) need the detail level check.

> 
> > Should the Diameter client re-send the pending payload
> > message to its original (& now recovered) primary (& only) peer 
> > node, as the client does not know if the packet had been
> > properly received went sent before the failure.
> > 
> 
> This points out that failure scenarios can result in 
> duplicates, not only
> to different servers, but also to the same server. That is what the
> e2e session identifier was created to handle.

But, comparisons of the the End-to-End Identifier pairs
together with the Origin-Host AVP pairs for every packet
(including the non-duplicated majority) would be far less efficient
if the possible duplicates would not be marked by the Diameter
client node that is the only node knowing when it sends possible
duplicates. Since the ratio of duplicate messages is less than
one to a billion normal messages, and since the checking of
a single bit is faster than searching and decoding AVP pairs
and checking e.g. 70 octets one by one, the checking of just
one bit would be a most useful method.

This does not mean that the E2E Identifier pairs and Origin-Hot
AVP pairs would not be used, but that they would be mandatorily 
used only for the (marked) possible duplicates.

> In the case of accounting,
> this should be sufficient to deal with a duplicate accounting record. 

In the case of accounting, a very similar big difference in
the efficiency appears: Either to robotically search every
single message for the Session-Id AVP and for the
Accounting-Record-Number AVP and after that check their contents,
octet by octet. It would mean some decades more uniqueness
checking work at the Diameter server if we would not have the
'D' bit in a constant offset place in the Diameter header
(allowing the Diameter server to limit the (mandatory)
uniqueness checks only to those very few potential
messages for which the detailed processing (= E2E Identifier &
Origin-Host AVP checking) is useful.

> 
> In the case of authentication/authorization, I'm not sure 
> that there is a problem. You'll just get a new response.

In a commercial, country wide operator network a Diameter
server could be serving a huge number of Diameter clients
and message uniqueness checking efficiency at the Diameter
server would look as a very useful thing. If only the
'D' bit existence is checked most of the time (and the
E2E Identifier pairs and the Origin-Host AVPs pairs compared
only in less cases than e.g. one in a billion), then
Diameter would work better, even _if_ the "application
purpose" (e.g. authentication) would allow occasional
failures in message handlings.

Anyway, it would look a safe way if unpredictable
and abnormal situations are avoided as carefully as
possible, not relying on e.g. that it does not matter
usually or so. And since there may be yet unseen
Diameter extensions in the future, it would be
far most simplest to have the already the Diameter
Base protocol as a reliable message handler.

> The only problem that could have
> arisen is if the server wrote something about the session to stable
> storage before responding, and *then* the connection failed (such as
> incrementing the simultaneous session count). In that case, when the
> server comes up again, it will have incorrect information in 
> its database. 
> 
> The solution to this is for the server to *not* write session info to
> stable storage until it receives the equivalent of an 
> application-layer
> ACK from the NAS. There is no app-layer ACK of an 
> authentication response
> in Diameter, because the Accounting Request largely serves 
> this function. 

(May I first correct the last line of my paragraph which
was intended to be: "> > properly received before the failure.")

Yes, session info is not looking so useful to be written
to stable storage before the ACK.

> > It seems that this case a solution could be offered by the 
> > by marking the the packet 'possibly duplicated' (see my
> > proposal sent yesterday for usage of a 'D' bit in the Diameter 
> > header) since the receiving primary (and only) peer node could 
> 
> I don't think that this is necessary, if the advice above is 
> followed. Can
> you come up with a scenario in which a problem would be 
> caused by receipt of a duplicate authentication packet?

The main benefit is an quite big (e.g. 2 decades)
efficiency boost in the message uniqueness checkings
in the Diameter server.

I have not yet investigated all the possible authentication
messaging scenarios and what problems the allowing of
duplicated messages could cause but it would be easiest
just to mark the potential duplicates. The need for the
(slower) detail uniqueness checking arises only very seldom
and the sending node can mark those cases.
(Less than one message in a billion would typically
be a duplicated message, typically caused to an
travelling message by a broken link).

Summary:

  It would be a simple solution to just prevent
the duplicates to appear in an uncontrolled manner.
This would be achieved by the most simple way
that is used in these cases, by setting one ('D') bit by
any Diameter message sending node (not the Siameter server).

By marking the possible duplicates and checking
thorougly at the Diameter server only the marked
messages. The marked possibly duplicates messages
form an extremely small minority of the whole
message traffic of a network. Therefore the
uniqueness checking processor load at the Diameter
server would decrease to almost zero for the total
traffic.

Therefore I would recommend that approach in the
first place, especially as we do not yet even
know what future applications and extensions
could be requiring from the Diameter Base
protocol reliability. The bottom line is therefore
that it would be risky to allow duplicates, but
beneficial to do that with almost zero processor
effort per packet in average at the Diameter Server.
The currently existing Diameter message uniqueness
checking could be used, but mandatorily only for
those few packets, which possibly actually could
be duplicates.

John

	


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep 12 08:00:12 2001
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From: john.loughney@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 128: duplicate packet detection failure case 
Date: Wed, 12 Sep 2001 14:59:43 +0300
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Hi Pat,

Some comments & also answers embedded.

Summary:
========

0) May I clarify a bit the description of different
steps in an uniqueness checking process. The 'D' bit
usage is not a new, "competing" uniqueness _checking_
method (for the E2E Identifier pair & Origin-Host
AVP pair checkings), but a marker enabling _efficiency_
boost and working in combination with e.g. the
E2E Identifier & Origin-Host-AVP pair checking method.
So there were 3 basic operations that could be used
even in combination, to prevent message multiplication:

  1.- mark the few potential duplicated messages
      (at Diameter message sending nodes)
      This was the minimal step 1 of Issue 128.
      We could have that even if we would not take the step 2
      of Issue 128. Then we would keep the messaging mechanism
      just as is, and only in some very rare cases need
      to set one single bit ('D') at a message sending
      Diameter node, and save for nearly all messages the
      otherwise mandatory uniqueness checking work in the
      Diameter server.

  2.- check the uniqueness of the marked ones
      (at Diameter server, by E2E Id & Origin-Host AVP pairs)

  3.- remove the found duplicates (either by Diameter server,
      or if the issue 128 step 2, i.e. automatic duplicate
      removal by Diameter client - agent cooperation, before
      forwarding to Diameter server would be enough small
      feature). For this step 2) I understood that it would
      be considered affecting the actual protocol and therefore
      "too much" for at least some parties. But we can do without
      that, keep the existing messaging method (protocol),
      and do only the initial step 1 (marking of possible duplicates)
      and we still get an exceptionally big performance boost
      for a feature: even 2 decades checking speed improvement
      is well possible.

1) The usage of the 'D' bit in by Diameter client
when needed enables e.g. 2 decades faster
uniqueness checkings in the Diameter Server,
as there would be typically e.g. 100 times less
processor commands needed at the Diameter server
to check message uniqueness.

2) The Server would mandatorily compare only then
the received message with the slower (E2E Identifier
pair & Origin-Host AVP pair) procedure when the 
'D' bit is set (which would typically happen in
less than one message in a billion (as links are
most of the time ok, and the message sending is
stopped after the link failure, until the link is
again ok.

3) In accounting the duplicate message prevention
is an important must. The big commercial operators
are at least in some major countries audited by
independent auditors who will demand the operator to
*prove* that its accounting system will not produce any
doubled accounting records. Failure in the audit means
that the operator loses its network service license
until it can prove that the unreliability has been
corrected.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: 06 September, 2001 17:43
> To: Loughney John (NRC/Helsinki)
> Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 128: duplicate packet detection failure
> case
> 
> 
> On Tue, Sep 04, 2001 at 05:59:09PM +0300, 
> john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
> > Hi Pat,
> > 
> > Sorry for the delay in responding - I have been quite
> > busy - I have another document that just finished
> > last call.  I was a bit rushed when I submitted
> > the issue for Diameter, it had actually 2 different parts that 
> > are easiest to consider separately:
> > 
> > 1) Marking of the possibly duplicated messages.
> 
> but what's the point? How do you know whether the first copy 
> was received? What about the second copy when sending the third?

The point is that the sender knows which packets are sent
a 2nd/3rd/4th... time and should therefore be the potential
duplicates. The sender does not know which of the possible
duplicates are real duplicates. The receiving node (Diameter
Server as the last possible place) on the other hand has
the visibility to all the material it got via the agents
from the Diameter. But here is the difference:

a) Either the Diameter Server has to check every packet
and searches and decodes and checks quite a lot of octets,
belonging to the Origin-Host string of type DiameterIdentity
(octet string of e.g. 70 octets like
aaa://host.abcdefghij-klmnopq.com:6666;transport=tcp;protocol=diameter)
and the End-to-End Identifier (4 octets) by comparing
two value pairs to other ones, or

b) The Diameter Server checks just 1 single bit in
99.9999...% of the cases and only in one case in over
a billion, AVP searchings, decodings and finally the
comparisons of the long Origin-Host string AVP pairs and
the End-to-End Identifier AVPs could be made, by
checking them, octet by octet.

> In any case, duplicate checking beyond the 'D' bit is necessary.

Yes of course. But, since it is only necessary to check the
_possible_ duplicates (marked with the 'D' bit), instead of 
having to process every Diameter packet contents in more detail,
99.999...% of the record detail checking work (for uniqueness)
is saved.

> 
> > 2) Removal of duplicate messages.
> > 
> > Step 1 is a minimal functionality for enabling the
> > duplicate message checking to be efficient as possible.
> > The Diameter client knows (after hearing no response) 
> > that it is sending the message a 2nd (or 3rd etc.)
> > time (either to the original peer node or an alternate node).
> > 
> > Enhancing the efficiency of checking is the main
> > benefit but it may improve a bit the reliability too. 
> > It also improves the reliability somewhat since the
> > Diameter client has in End-to-End Identifier only 12
> > low order bits of the local time when booting. That is
> > 4096 seconds which is a bit over a hour.
> 
> I'd argue that if a message takes a bit over an hour to make it to the
> server, then the response is moot (and something in the 
> network is broken).

Since the Diameter Base protocol is a basic module
that can be in future extended in ways that are today
even not seen, the Base protocol should be made as
reliable as possible. It could not now easily be assumed
that e.g. message duplication could be less than
maximally prevented. Also, it could likely be 
somewhat premature for us to assume that now and
also in future, any delayed responses are moot.
It would look like a very simple solution if
the 'D' bit would always be set when the message
is a potential duplicate.

Here I was not concerned in first place about a response
but about the sending. Here was a case of sending party
being down.

My issue here was about:
1) effectiveness (number) of comparisons per one message and
2) amount of comparisons done in total for all the messages
   transferred to the Diameter server and
3) reliability if the sending node goes down for 4092
   seconds or for a multiple of that time.

With the 'D' bit usage for the pending packets that
the Diameter client may have in its non-volatile
memory, and packet contents comparison for the 'D'-marked
packet at the receiving end, a duplicate packet would be
identified and found efficiently, also in the case that
the sending Diameter client was down 4092 seconds
(or its multiple). The End-to-End Identifier (and
Origin-Host AVP) pairs could
not do alone this as it is typically changed after
every boot for the next packets to be sent.
(Or otherwise the Diameter should have some other
kind of protocol logic than it currently has.)

Since the 'D' bit would be set only to the possible
duplicates but not to the original, the 'D' bit
provides additional information that the E2E Identifier
does not alone offer: The original (first) message
is differentiated from it duplicates. This gives
useful information about where and when
the duplicates were generated. When using the
E2EIdentifier, the duplicated messages look
all the same, also the original message.
Therefore it is likely a bit more difficult
to track the event that triggered the duplicates,
to improve the network against message duplication
tendency.

(Actually, it would even seem that the way to do
most reliably the duplicate markings and later removal,
the sending Diameter client should use 'D' bit
for marking, and the Diameter Server should
compare more than the Origin-Host & End-to-End
Identifier pairs of a suspected duplicate packet.
Even the whole packet contents of 'D'-marked
packet should be checked, as the job is done
extremely seldom and End-to-End Identifier
is usually different every time after a Diameter
client boot-up after e.g. a Diameter client node
failure.)

> 
> > 
> > This means that with very bad luck, a Diameter client
> > that goes down and wakes up after 4096 seconds MAY send
> > a message with the same End-to-End Identifier, taking from 
> > non-volatile memory an earlier sent (but not yet answered) 
> > pending message and produces a duplicate. Unless, it has 
> > this capability to mark with 'D' bit that the pending message 
> > now resent may be a duplicate.)
> 
> right, but now you have the same problem, right? If a client 
> reboots twice,
> exactly 4096 seconds apart, then the IDs will be similar, and 
> the 'D' bit
> becomes irrelevant since once doesn't really know if it is 
> for the first hour,
> the second hour, etc.

I may overlook something, but it seems that there is a difference:
The first message is not marked with a 'D' bit so that is
different (=unique) if that exists. If the 'D' marked set
of duplicates do not have a one unduplicated "master" message,
then they may look the same after 4092 seconds, as with E2E
Identifier. But, there is a major (e.g. 2 decades) difference
in the uniqueness checking work at the Diameter server end,
since the 'D' bit is so much more efficient to test
(to see whether the slower E2E Identifier & Origin-Host AVP
pairs' search&decoding&string comparisons are needed at all.
Most of the time, there would be no 'D' bit and no need to do
the slower checks therefore.
A Diameter server may have to serve a very big number of 
Diameter clients (which have thus different high order
12 bits in the E2E Identifier => A lot of slower comparisons
needed at Diameter server unless the 'D' bit is used to help
the identification of possible duplicates.
 
> So I am convinced that the protocol is fine as-is, and 
> duplicate checks is
> a little more complicated than just setting a 'D' bit in a header.

Please consider the 2 decades efficiency boost at the
Diameter server, too. Can anyone state a more efficient
(or even equally efficient way here?

'D' bit would be an indicator for 2 decades efficiency boost,
not even intended to cover the whole uniqueness checking alone.

> >   
> > Step 2 is a solution where in addition to the minimal
> > solution of marking the possibly duplicated packets, the
> > duplicates are also removed form the network as quickly
> > as possible, with minimal amount of double-checking.
> > 
> > This mail presents only a simplified way of step 1, as it
> > can be used also as a stand-alone feature (just an additional 
> > flag bit in the Diameter header). Please review the following
> > description, it would help the Diameter Server to avoid
> > the obligation to do a mandatory cross check every single
> > received request message - which should save on processing.
> > 
> > The needed small changes for the step 1)
> > (marking of possibly duplicated packets) to the
> > draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-07.txt are the following:
> > 
> > 
> > 3.0  Diameter Header
> > 
> > ...
> >       
> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       |R P E r r r r r|                  Command-Code       
>           |
> >       
> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> > 
> > would be:
> > 
> >       
> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       |R P E D r r r r|                  Command-Code       
>           |
> >       
> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> > 
> > and
> > 
> >          E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a 
> protocol error,
> >                        and the message will not conform to the ABNF
> >                        described for this command.  
> Messages with the
> >                        'E' bit set is commonly referred to 
> as an error
> >                        message. This bit MUST NOT be set in request
> >                        messages. See section 7.2.
> >          r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
> >                        MUST be set to zero.
> > 
> > would get one new flag bit 'D':
> > 
> >          E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a 
> protocol error,
> >                        and the message will not conform to the ABNF
> >                        described for this command.  
> Messages with the
> >                        'E' bit set is commonly referred to 
> as an error
> >                        message. This bit MUST NOT be set in request
> >                        messages. See section 7.2.
> >          (possibly) D(uplicated)
> >                      - If set, the message is possibly a duplicate,
> >                        and must be later checked by a recipient node
> >                        if it really is a duplicate. If sending a
> >                        message for first time, this bit 
> MUST be cleared.
> >                        This bit MUST NOT be set if an answer message
> >                        (about e.g. a protocol error) has 
> been got for
> >                        an earlier similar message, it is used only
> >                        in cases where no answer has been 
> got from the
> >                        primary agent for a message and the 
> message is
> >                        sent again (e.g. due to failover, to an
> >                        alternate agent).
> >          r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
> >                        MUST be set to zero.
> > 
> > 
> > In:
> > 
> > 5.5.4  Failover/Failback Procedures
> > 
> > ...
> >    It is important to note that multiple identical request 
> or answer MAY
> >    be received as a result of a failover. The End-to-End Identifier
> >    field in the Diameter header along with the Origin-Host 
> AVP MUST be
> >    used to identify duplicate messages.
> > 
> > the above paragraph would be amended as:
> > 
> >    It is important to note that multiple identical request 
> or answer MAY
> >    be received as a result of a failover. The 
> possibly-Duplicated flag
> >    MUST be set by the Diameter client node that performs 
> failover, to
> >    mark those packets that it had sent with no answer 
> message coming from
> >    the primary agent, and which it therefore forwards to an 
> alternate
> >    node. The final destination node of a message MUST check those
> >    messages that have the 'D' bit set, if they can be identified as
> >    actually duplicated messages. The intermediate nodes MAY check
> >    the messages with the 'D' bit set, if they can be identified
> >    as duplicate messages. The End-to-End Identifier field in the
> >    Diameter header along with the Origin-Host AVP MUST be used to
> >    identify duplicate messages among the marked possibly duplicated
> >    messages.
> > 
> > and in:
> > 
> > 9.4  Fault Resilience
> > 
> > ...
> >    Diameter peers acting as clients MUST implement the use 
> of failover
> >    to guard against server failures and certain network failures.
> >    Diameter peers acting as agents or related off-line processing
> >    systems MUST detect duplicate accounting records caused by the
> >    sending of same record to several servers and 
> duplication of messages
> >    in transit. This detection MUST be based on the inspection of the
> >    Session-Id and Accounting-Record-Number AVP pairs.
> > 
> > paragraph would get one sentence to its end:
> > 
> > ....
> >    Diameter peers acting as clients MUST implement the use 
> of failover
> >    to guard against server failures and certain network failures.
> >    Diameter peers acting as agents or related off-line processing
> >    systems MUST detect duplicate accounting records caused by the
> >    sending of same record to several servers and 
> duplication of messages
> >    in transit. This detection MUST be based on the inspection of the
> >    Session-Id and Accounting-Record-Number AVP pairs. The inspection
> >    MUST be performed at least for such records that arrived to the
> >    Diameter peer in messages having the 'D' bit set.
> 
> well, I don't have a particular issue with the above proposed 
> text, but do question it's need.

   Since it is only necessary to check the _possible_
duplicates (marked with the 'D' bit) that form an extremely small
minority of all the packets transferred, instead of having to
process every Diameter packet contents in more detail,
99.999...% of the accounting record detail checking work
(for uniqueness) is saved.

If the two Session-Id (AVP 263) and Accounting-Record-Number
(AVP 485) pairs would be needed to be mandatorily checked
also for every non-duplicated packet (=nearly all of the
packets) mandatorily, it would mean unnecessary work for
nearly every packet as link failures could be expected to
occur much less often than for one packet in a billion.

If the Diameter client sending packets is booted
due to a temporary failure, and there is only one
working link to an Diameter agent or Server, then
as defined in chapter 9.4, there are possibilities
to still continue:
   "Diameter clients MAY have non-volatile memory
for the safe storage of accounting records over
reboots or extended network failures, network
partitions, and server failures.  If such memory
is available the    client SHOULD store new accounting
records there as soon as the records are created and
until a positive acknowledgement of their reception
from the Diameter Server has been received."
And  after a reboot, the client MUST starting
sending the records in the non-volatile
memory to the accounting server.

  Now, the resending of a packet to the Diameter
agent or Server would be possible (also in the
one link available only -case) if only the
duplicates could be indicated.

  Anyhow, as defined in chapter 3.0 about the
End-to-End Identifier, its high order 12 bits are
initiated to contain the low order 12 bits of
current (boot) time, while the low order 20 bits is
set to a random value. Thus, the End-to-End Identifier
is (usually) different after every boot in the
Diameter logic. This means that e.g. the End-to-End
Identifier would not be usable for the accounting
record duplicate checking. Anyhow, the 'D' bit would
be still possible to mark a possible duplicate
and 'D' bit checking per packet is much faster
than checking every Session-Id (and UTF8String)
and Accounting-Record-Number AVP pair against the
other pair(s), as 99.9999...% of the time no more
than one ('D') bit only needs to be compared.

The sender of a packet always knows if it resends a
packet (to any link that it has or will establish).
Therefore it knows that in the 2nd, 3rd, etc. 
sending, the packet might appear as a duplicate
in a end system, and should therefore get the
'D' bit set as to request the cross-checking
for that particular packet.


> I'm willing to listen to the WG on this one.
> 
> PatC
> 


John







From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep 12 10:24:02 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Question on Diameter behavior in Failure cases (VER
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> The Diameter client certainly has at least some RAM
> memory available and it may have non-volatile memory too.

Yes. Diameter clients can be designed to store requests in NVRAM, and
retry indefinitely, either to the same agent or a failover agent. 

> These memory resources allow (as long as they
> last) the Diameter client to put all the pending
> messages in buffers, waiting for a peer node/link to come
> up.

Actually, as described in RFC 2975, it is often desirable to utilize
non-volatile storage so that requests can survive a client
failure. So there is no need to lose data just because memory resources
have run out. 

> => The Diameter client that gets the communication
> working again to the awakening peer node, may indeed
> be in position to overcome a temporary state of
> isolation. 

Yes, this is how the protocol should behave. 

> It may be able to deliver all the locally
> (volatile/non-volatile memory) buffered pending
> messages. So, the Diameter client could
> well try for more than abandon all its packets
> pending to be sent, if temporarily there is no
> working link to a peer node. 

In general, a Diameter node MUST NOT abandon "all packets" waiting to be
sent, just because a connection is closed. If NVRAM exists, then
unacknowledged requests can be stored there to protect against a client
failure. They should only be deleted there when an app-layer ack is
received (accounting) or when the client connection drops
(authentication). 

If there is no NVRAM, but memory resources are available, then the packets
should be stored awaiting delivery to an alternate peer, or recovery of
the primary peer. 

Since loss of data is one of the major flaws of RADIUS, I hope that the
Diameter specification is clear about the expected behavior. If the
behavior you describe is not clearly indicated in the spec, then it
should be. If not, please file an issue on this. 

> This would tell the Diameter server that it should check
> them (with the E2E Identifier pairs & the Origin-Host
> AVP pairs), as they (only) need the detail level check.

The problem is that in these failover situations, there are no ordering
guarantees between packets sent on different connections. If the packets
are sent within the "time wait" interval of each other, then it is
conceivable that the request with the 'D' bit set could arrive *before*
the initial request. So it's not clear to me that having a 'D' bit 
removes the need to check for dupes on packets without the 'D' bit set. In
that case, what good does the 'D' bit do? 

Also, if we have a 'D' bit, we need to be clear about the 
obligations of a Diameter server receiving a request with a 'D' bit set. 

In failover scenarios, duplicate checking may not necessarily be feasible
at the Diameter Server. For example, in accounting, the record may be
stored with the E2E identifier, and then the billing engine may remove the
duplicates later. 

In authentication, if the request is idempotent, there is no need for the
server to take any action based on the 'D' bit -- the server can just send
another response. However, if simultaneous usage is being tracked, then it
would make sense to check for duplicates. However, it's important to
understand that ordering is not guaranteed -- so the request with the 'D'
bit could arrive *before* the other request that does *not* have the 'D'
bit set. So it seems to me that where we have non-idempotent requests, 
duplicate detection *always* needs to be carried out.  

> But, comparisons of the the End-to-End Identifier pairs
> together with the Origin-Host AVP pairs for every packet
> (including the non-duplicated majority) would be far less efficient
> if the possible duplicates would not be marked by the Diameter
> client node that is the only node knowing when it sends possible
> duplicates. 

The problem is that the 'D' bit provides a false sense of security. I
think that you can still have duplicates in packets without the 'D' bit
set. 

I presume that the 'D' bit is being set for all requests that were pending
an application layer ack when the connection went down, whether they are
resent on a connection to the same peer or an alternate peer. 

> In the case of accounting, a very similar big difference in
> the efficiency appears: Either to robotically search every
> single message for the Session-Id AVP and for the
> Accounting-Record-Number AVP and after that check their contents,
> octet by octet. 

In practice, I don't think you'll do this -- won't you just write the
accounting record to stable storage, and do the dupe checking down the
line, unless simultaneous usage is being monitored? 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 13 01:03:43 2001
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From: "Sangkeun Yoo" <lobbi@etri.re.kr>
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Question about routing request and answer
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Hi all,

First, I want to say I'm sorry if this was discussed before.

In the Diameter Base Protocol(07.txt),

6.1.8  Relaying and Proxying Requests

   A relay or proxy agent MUST append a Route-Record AVP to all requests
   forwarded. The AVP contains the identity of the peer the request was
   received from.

As above discription, Route-Record AVP contains the peer's information the 

request was received from.

But in the "Figure 5:Routing of Diameter messages" in the section 6.1.8, 

it contains its own information in the Route-Record AVP in the request from

DRL to HMS.

And in the 6.8.1,

6.8.1  Route-Record AVP

   The Route-Record AVP (AVP Code 282) is of type DiameterIdentity.  The
   identity added in this AVP MUST be the same as the one sent in the 
   Origin-Host of the Capabilities-Exchange-Request message.

As above discription, Route-Record AVP contains its own information. 

Which is correct? 


One more question,

In the 6.2.2,

6.2.2  Relaying and Proxying Answers

.......................

   The agent MUST then send the answer to the host which it received the
   original request from.

Does Route-Record AVP must appear in answer message or not?

I wonder how the agent can know the host that the original request was received from.

Is it from Route-Record AVP or saved source of the reqeust including the IP address,

port and protocol discribed in section 6.1.8?

If from Route-Record AVP, in the Figure 5 there is no Route-Record AVP 

in the answer message from HMS to DRL.

I think that HMS can know the host it has to send answer message to 

from Route-Record(drl.mno.net) it received, right? 

But even if Route-Record AVP from HMS to DRL is omitted by editorial error, 

how can DRL know the host it has to relay answer message to, while Route-Record

indicates its own information?


Regards,


Sangkeun Yoo.
-------------- 
Email: lobbi@etri.re.kr 
AAA Information Security Research Team
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute(ETRI)





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From: "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Cc: "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Question about Capabilities-Exchange
Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2001 09:45:52 +0200
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Hi,

I have a question about the contents of Capabilities-Exchange messages:

In chapter 5.3.1, 5.3.2 as well as in 10.1 (AVP Table), Auth-Application-Id and
Acct-Application-Id AVPs do not appear as mandatory for CER and CEA messages.
MUST Auth-Application-Id or Acct-Application-Id (at least one of both) be
mandatory in CER/CEA messages? 
Otherwise, I found confusing following statements in the draft:

	* Section 2.5
	... all other Diameter nodes MUST advertise locally supported applications. 

Does not the "MUST" imply the sending of Auth-Application-Id or Acct-Application-Id in
the CER, CEA messages=

	* Section 5.3  (Capabilities Exchange)
	..  A receiver of a Capabilities-Exchange-Req (CER) message which does
	   not have any applications in common with the sender MUST return a
	   Capabilities-Exchange-Answer (CEA) with the Result-Code AVP set to
	   DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_APPLICATION, and SHOULD disconnect the transport
	   layer connection. 

How can a receiver of a CER message detect whether it has any application in common with the sender
if the message does not contain either Auth-Application-Id or Acct-Application-Id ?

	*6.9  Auth-Application-Id AVP
	   The Auth-Application-Id AVP (AVP Code 258) is of type Unsigned32 and
	   is used in order to advertise support of the Authentication and
	   Authorization portion of an application (see Section 2.5). The Auth-
	   Application-Id MUST also be present in all Authentication and/or
	   Authorization messages that are defined in a separate Diameter
	   specification and have an Application ID assigned.

Advertising support of the authen & autho portion of an application means include this
AVP in the CER/CEA messages, isn't it?

Sumarizing, I think the ABNR of CER and CEA messages, as well as the AVP table has to be updated
to include at least 1 Auth-Application-Id and 1 Acct-Application-Id. If so, could this be
clarified in the draft ?

Thanks, and best regards
	/Yolanda Garcia


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 13 10:51:25 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Question about Capabilities-Exchange
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The ABNF doesn't have a way to state that either one or another AVP MUST be
present. So, the supporting text is the best we can do, and so far it hasn't
hampered any of the interopoerability tests we've had.

PatC

On Thu, Sep 13, 2001 at 09:45:52AM +0200, Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE) wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I have a question about the contents of Capabilities-Exchange messages:
> 
> In chapter 5.3.1, 5.3.2 as well as in 10.1 (AVP Table), Auth-Application-Id and
> Acct-Application-Id AVPs do not appear as mandatory for CER and CEA messages.
> MUST Auth-Application-Id or Acct-Application-Id (at least one of both) be
> mandatory in CER/CEA messages? 
> Otherwise, I found confusing following statements in the draft:
> 
> 	* Section 2.5
> 	... all other Diameter nodes MUST advertise locally supported applications. 
> 
> Does not the "MUST" imply the sending of Auth-Application-Id or Acct-Application-Id in
> the CER, CEA messages=
> 
> 	* Section 5.3  (Capabilities Exchange)
> 	..  A receiver of a Capabilities-Exchange-Req (CER) message which does
> 	   not have any applications in common with the sender MUST return a
> 	   Capabilities-Exchange-Answer (CEA) with the Result-Code AVP set to
> 	   DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_APPLICATION, and SHOULD disconnect the transport
> 	   layer connection. 
> 
> How can a receiver of a CER message detect whether it has any application in common with the sender
> if the message does not contain either Auth-Application-Id or Acct-Application-Id ?
> 
> 	*6.9  Auth-Application-Id AVP
> 	   The Auth-Application-Id AVP (AVP Code 258) is of type Unsigned32 and
> 	   is used in order to advertise support of the Authentication and
> 	   Authorization portion of an application (see Section 2.5). The Auth-
> 	   Application-Id MUST also be present in all Authentication and/or
> 	   Authorization messages that are defined in a separate Diameter
> 	   specification and have an Application ID assigned.
> 
> Advertising support of the authen & autho portion of an application means include this
> AVP in the CER/CEA messages, isn't it?
> 
> Sumarizing, I think the ABNR of CER and CEA messages, as well as the AVP table has to be updated
> to include at least 1 Auth-Application-Id and 1 Acct-Application-Id. If so, could this be
> clarified in the draft ?
> 
> Thanks, and best regards
> 	/Yolanda Garcia


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 13 12:09:58 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue]: Transport failure algorithm differs between drafts
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Submitter name: Bernard Aboba
Submitter email address: aboba@internaut.com
Date first submitted: 9/13/01
Document: base-07, transport-04
Comment type: Technical
Priority: Must fix
Section: 5.5.3 (base), 3.2 (transport)
Explanation of issue: The transport failure algorithms described in the
two drafts differ substantially. For example, the transport draft
describes an algorithm that depends on a single timer, while the base
drafts algorithm includes multiple timers. 
Requested change: 
The drafts need to be aligned so that they describe the same transport
failure algorithm.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 13 12:24:25 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue]: Transport failure algorithm differs between drafts
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ok, so since the base protocol has been through significant review, can we assume
that the transport draft is the one that needs to change?

PatC
On Thu, Sep 13, 2001 at 08:56:59AM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> Submitter name: Bernard Aboba
> Submitter email address: aboba@internaut.com
> Date first submitted: 9/13/01
> Document: base-07, transport-04
> Comment type: Technical
> Priority: Must fix
> Section: 5.5.3 (base), 3.2 (transport)
> Explanation of issue: The transport failure algorithms described in the
> two drafts differ substantially. For example, the transport draft
> describes an algorithm that depends on a single timer, while the base
> drafts algorithm includes multiple timers. 
> Requested change: 
> The drafts need to be aligned so that they describe the same transport
> failure algorithm.
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 13 14:21:28 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue]: Missing text in float definitions.
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Submitter name: Mark Eklund
Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
Date first submitted: 9/13/01
Document: base-07
Comment type: Editorial
Priority: Should fix
Section: 4.3
Explanation of issue: 

The definitions of Float32, Float64, and Float128 in the base
draft all are missing the sentence fragment "if the 'V' big is
enabled)".

Requested change:

Add the text to the end of the four lines.





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 14 02:39:17 2001
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Message-ID: <577066326047D41180AC00508B955DDA02C00B09@eestqnt104.es.eu.ericsson.se>
From: "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue]
Date: Fri, 14 Sep 2001 08:38:21 +0200
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Submitter name: Yolanda Garcia
Submitter email address: Yolanda.Garcia-Serrano@ece.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
Reference: 
Document: Base-07
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section: 2.5, 5.3, 6.9, 6.10
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

Diameter Nodes MUST advertise locally supported applications. This must be done 
including at least an Auth-Application-Id AVP or an Acct-Application-Id AVPs in 
CER and CEA messages, otherwise there is no way a receiver of a CER message detect
whether it has any application in common with the sender.

Requested change:

Add clariying text at least in sections 5.3.1 and 5.3.2


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 14 04:53:39 2001
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Date: Fri, 14 Sep 2001 10:52:56 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] CMS proxy scenarios
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
Reference:
http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-08/msg00229.html
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 1.2, 4.3
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

As agreed in the discussion of issue 136, the description of two
scenarios regarding CMS proxies was introduced in the draft. These
scenarios are just examples, so that additional scenarios might be
considered. I've noticed that there might exist another scenario.

Let's consider a local AAA server that has to forward authentication
request from user that don't belong to its realm. It seems reasonable
that the AAA server establishes DSAs with other realms automatically
(that is, without any PDSA request from the clients). The local AAA
server would decide, accoding to its policies, with which realms it
must establish a DSA. This scenario seems reasonable since it puts the
intelligence of the system in the Diameter node and not in the client.

As a consecuence, at least three scenarios could be described. The two
escenarios also covered by the draft (as agreed on issue 136's
discussion):

   - The access device does not have the cryptographic ability to
     handle the CMS functions locally, and therefore requests such
     services from the local agent, such an an aggregating relay or
     proxy agent. The NAS may have been configured to always issue a
     PDSR to its local agent for CMS services. In such cases, the
     agent MUST select the values for the DSA-TTL and provide the
     appropriate Local-CA-Info and the expected OCSP response from
     the DSA peer.

   - The access device has the cryptographic ability to perform the
CMS
     functions, but a proxy agent is in the route towards the home
     server, and it returned a failure to the DSAR messages stating
     that it was not willing to allow the DSA to traverse through it.
     Such agents MAY attempt to re-use the values from the initial
     DSAR sent by the access device.

And an additional scenario (which IMHO could be even more common):

   - The access device does not have the cryptographic ability to
     handle the CMS functions locally but does not request such
     services from the local agent. Instead, the local agent has
     been configured to establish DSAs with certain realms in an
     automatic way, so that the existence of DSAs is transparent
     for the access device.

Requested change: 

Add such scenario to the draft. However, as this new scenario doesn't
requires a previous PDSA request, it looks like that this scenario
shouldn't be added to section 4.3 but to section 1.2. And that's a
problem, since Pat already stated that in order to add the scenarios
to section 1.2 a major "surgery taks" might be necessary.

If Pat and the rest of the WG agrees on adding this issue, I'll be
able to carry out this task.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 14 06:19:53 2001
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Date: Fri, 14 Sep 2001 12:18:20 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02. ¿base?
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section: 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

One of the scenarios described in section 4.3 introduces the concept
of a client without cryptographic abilities but able to send a PDSA
request (and process a PDSA answer).

My concern is the following: does this client actually support CMS
(that is, can it include a value of '2' in the capabilities exchange?)
I don't think so. However, it must support the messages that are
needed to request a proxy a DSA on its behalf.

Requested change: 

A clarifying text about it such clients can advertise that they
support CMS when they can't actually do it? As a consecuence, maybe it
would be more reasonable to move PDSAR and PDSAA to the base
specification, so that a base support would include such messages (I
don't really like this proposal, but IMHO it's the more coherent).

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 14 06:41:58 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] AAA-Server-Certs
References: <3B976DFB.51659365@rioja.ericsson.se> <3B98D97A.48CB66D0@rioja.ericsson.se> <00a501c137c9$27933ec0$8a1b6e0a@arenanet.fi> <3B9C6B68.BBBECA12@rioja.ericsson.se> <3B9CC057.52B20C3C@lmf.ericsson.se> <3B9CC5AE.1CEC9023@rioja.ericsson.se>
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 6.6
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

It remains unclear for me the meaning of AAA-Server-Certs. As far as I
understand, a DSA is established between two Diameter agents (not
between an agent and a realm) so that no CMS-protected AVP can come
from a node "outside" the DSA. If this supposition is right, including
certificates of other home nodes is useless, since the initiator of
the DSA wouldn't accept CMS AVPs from a different node although
belonging also to the home realm.

Requested change: 

Add clarifying text.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 14 08:40:48 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: CMS Decryption Error
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg02095.html
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 6.2
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

In the list of errors provided in the reference message, the error
situation 19 states no error code:

> 19. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP and
> an error occurs during decryption.
> Error code issued:
> Definition of the error:
> Included in CMS-02 draft: No
> Included in CMS-03 draft:
> Status: proposal needed.

After some reflexion time, I've noticed that there is no way to
distinguish between an error decryption and an error in the AVPs
extracted. As far as I know, the extracted AVPs are just a bit stream
that has to be parsed. If the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP has been
modified, the only result is that the bit stream would be parsed since
the extracted AVPs would be invalid.

My proposal is that only a DIAMENTER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE would be
issued, including the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP as Failed-AVP AVP.

Requested change: 

Replace the following sentence in 6.2:

   ...and an error occurs during decryption, then the
   recipient MUST indicate an error.

with the following:

   ...and an error occurs during decryption, then the
   recipient MUST indicate an error by means of the 
   DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE result code and including
   the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP as Failed-AVP AVP.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 14 10:05:28 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 1.2
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The possibility of issueing a PDSA request without a DSA-Target-Realm
has been suggested as an optimized approach that allows to avoid a
explicit PDSA with any desired realm.

However, there are some points that remain unclear (IMHO):

- When does the proxy establish a DSA? As an initial establishment
with all the realms isn't possible, I suppose that every time the
client request an authorisation operation regarding a user, the proxy
must detect the operation and establish a DSA before forwarding the
authorisation message.

- Does the proxy has to establish a DSA with any realm? I don't think
so, since it may not be allowed by the proxy's local policies.

- What happens when one of such DSA fails? Or whether the proxy
doesn't support a DSA with the required realm? Or even whether there
is a another proxy on the route that issues a NOT_CMS_THROUGH_PROXY
result code? Do the proxy have to indicate it to the client, issuing
an appropriate answer with a given result-code (maybe
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED)? Or it must forward the message without
warning the client?

- Are all the clients equal? I mean, does the proxy have to record on
behalf of which client it is establishing a DSA (what might involve
several DSAs with the same realm on behalf of different clients)?

- What happens when the DSA expires? Does the proxy have to
re-establish it without any indication from the client. If so, the
third model suggested in one of my previous issues would be better (no
explicit PDSAR to begin a DSA but just local policies of the proxy).

Requested change: 

a) Replace the following paragraph:

   An optimized approach also allows the PDSR to be sent by the access
   device without the DSAR-Target-Realm AVP. This message is used to
   inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
   association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf
   of the access device.

with something like the following:

   An optimized approach also allows the PDSAR to be sent by the
access
   device without the DSAR-Target-Realm AVP. This message is used to
   inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
   association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf
   of the access device. Such DSA MUST be established only first time
   a message must be routed to a given realm.

   It may happen that this DSA can not be established. For example,
   the proxy might be configured not to establish DSAs with the
required
   realm, the DSA setup migh fail or there is a proxy agent in the
   route towards the home server, and it returned a failure to the
   DSAR messages stating that it was not willing to allow the DSA to
   traverse through it. In such situations, the proxy MUST reject the
   message, but set the Result-Code AVP to
DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED.
 
   If several access device send a PDSAR without the DSAR-Target-Realm
   AVP, only one DSA per realm MUST be established.

b) Add clarifying text regarding what happens when the DSA expires.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep 15 10:46:40 2001
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Date: Sat, 15 Sep 2001 07:32:03 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 160: Destination-Host in PDSR
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All,

I agree with this issue, and propose adding the last sentence:

    - The access device has the cryptographic ability to perform the 
      CMS functions, but a proxy agent is in the route towards the 
      home server, and it returned a failure to the DSAR messages 
      stating that it was not willing to allow the DSA to traverse 
      through it. Such agents MAY attempt to re-use the values from 
      the initial DSAR sent by the access device. In such cases,the 
      PDSR initiator SHOULD include the Destination-Host AVP to 
      ensure that the PDSR is received by the same proxy agent.

Of course, the ABNF is also modified to include the Destination-Host AVP
as an optional AVP.

PatC



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Interesting issue. How about we define the following in the ABNF:

	( AVP )

Where () means that if present, the location is fixed?

That seems like the best fix, IMHO.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep 15 10:52:40 2001
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Date: Sat, 15 Sep 2001 07:38:55 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 166: Ambiquity on Destination-Host AVP in Answer messages
Message-ID: <20010915073855.D14171@charizard.diameter.org>
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This issue was fixed quite some time ago via another issue. I have already
addressed all of the drafts, so I will close this issue.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep 15 11:03:48 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 158: DSA error codes (III)
Message-ID: <20010915075007.E14171@charizard.diameter.org>
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I've made the following changes to the text to address this issue:

   When a conforming implementation receives a Diameter message which
   contains encrypted AVPs within a CMS EnvelopedData, the
   recipient MUST check to see if it is on the list of recipients
   specified in the RecipientInfos of the EnvelopedData. If not, the
   recipient MAY choose to process the message or return an answer with
   the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT. If
   the recipient is in the RecipientInfos and an error occurs during
   decryption, then the recipient MUST answer with the Result-Code set
   to DIAMETER_DSA_DECRYPTION_FAILED.

and added the error codes:

      DIAMETER_DSA_DECRYPTION_FAILED     5023
         A Diameter message was received with encrypted data, and the decryption
         process was unsuccessful.

      DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT          5024
         A Diameter message was received with encrypted data, and the local 
         Diameter node is not a potential recipient of the EnvelopedData.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep 15 11:15:28 2001
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Date: Sat, 15 Sep 2001 08:01:24 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 164: problems with Watch Dog
Message-ID: <20010915080124.F14171@charizard.diameter.org>
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The authors of the issue are correct that the pseudo-code doesn't reflect
the text in 5.1. So, I propose adding the following field to the PCB
in 5.5.3:

wdRecoveryCount - This field contains the number of DWAs received
                  from a peer once the PCB's state is in the SUSPECT state.

Then changes are made to the pseudo-code to handle this case:

/*
 * OnReceiveDWA() is called whenever a DWA is received
 * from the peer.
 */
OnReceiveDWA(pcb)
{
     if pcb->Status == SUSPECT
          if pcb->wdRecoveryCount == 3
               pcb->wdRecoveryCount = 0
               pcb->Status = OKAY
          else pcb->wdRecoveryCount++
     else if pcb->Status != INACTIVE
          if pcb->Pending
               T = Tr
          else
               T = Ti
}

/*
 * OnTimerElapsed() is called by some timer services
 * whenever T reaches zero (0).
 */
OnTimerElapsed(pcb)
{
     if pcb->Status = OKAY
          SendWatchdog(pcb)
          pcb->Status = WAIT_DWA
          T = Tw
     else if pcb->Status = WAIT_DWA
          pcb->Status = SUSPECT
          T = Td
     else if pcb->Status = SUSPECT
          if pcb->wdRecoveryCount == 3
               StopConnection(pcb)
               FailoverProcedures(pcb)
          else SendWatchdog(pcb)
}


I believe this resolves the issue. Comments?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep 15 11:25:44 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 165: Expiration of DSAs on behalf of a client
Message-ID: <20010915081158.G14171@charizard.diameter.org>
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I accept this issue, and have made the appropriate changes as requested in
the CMS document.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep 15 11:27:10 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 172: The need for Float128?
Message-ID: <20010915081330.H14171@charizard.diameter.org>
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This AVP type was added by the data type folks since it exists in other
protocols, and we were attempting to simply reuse what is already defined
out there. If the WG agrees to delete this type, I'm ok with it, but I 
really hate to re-open the whole data type can of worms :(

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Sep 16 10:51:19 2001
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To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue]: Missing text in float definitions.
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I have addressed this nroff bug, and closed this issue.

PatC
On Thu, Sep 13, 2001 at 02:17:39PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> Date first submitted: 9/13/01
> Document: base-07
> Comment type: Editorial
> Priority: Should fix
> Section: 4.3
> Explanation of issue: 
> 
> The definitions of Float32, Float64, and Float128 in the base
> draft all are missing the sentence fragment "if the 'V' big is
> enabled)".
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> Add the text to the end of the four lines.
> 
> 
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Sep 16 10:52:12 2001
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Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: CMS Decryption Error
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I have addressed this issue, which conflicted with another issue by Miguel.
I assume that this issue overrides a portion of issue 158, to which I posted
proposed text at http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg02114.html.

PatC
On Fri, Sep 14, 2001 at 02:40:18PM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
> Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
> Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg02095.html
> Document: CMS-02
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 2
> Section: 6.2
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> In the list of errors provided in the reference message, the error
> situation 19 states no error code:
> 
> > 19. A Diameter message arrives containing a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP and
> > an error occurs during decryption.
> > Error code issued:
> > Definition of the error:
> > Included in CMS-02 draft: No
> > Included in CMS-03 draft:
> > Status: proposal needed.
> 
> After some reflexion time, I've noticed that there is no way to
> distinguish between an error decryption and an error in the AVPs
> extracted. As far as I know, the extracted AVPs are just a bit stream
> that has to be parsed. If the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP has been
> modified, the only result is that the bit stream would be parsed since
> the extracted AVPs would be invalid.
> 
> My proposal is that only a DIAMENTER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE would be
> issued, including the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP as Failed-AVP AVP.
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> Replace the following sentence in 6.2:
> 
>    ...and an error occurs during decryption, then the
>    recipient MUST indicate an error.
> 
> with the following:
> 
>    ...and an error occurs during decryption, then the
>    recipient MUST indicate an error by means of the 
>    DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE result code and including
>    the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP as Failed-AVP AVP.
> 
> Regards
> 
>   // M.A.
> 
> -- 
>   Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
>   Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
>   Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
>   Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
>   <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
>   Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


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In-Reply-To: <577066326047D41180AC00508B955DDA02C00B09@eestqnt104.es.eu.ericsson.se>; from yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se on Fri, Sep 14, 2001 at 08:38:21AM +0200
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May I inquire why the supporting text in section 5.3 is not sufficient? 
Can we not simply assume that the reader will read 5.3 before 5.3.1 and
5.3.2, and make the connection?

PatC
On Fri, Sep 14, 2001 at 08:38:21AM +0200, Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE) wrote:
> Submitter name: Yolanda Garcia
> Submitter email address: Yolanda.Garcia-Serrano@ece.ericsson.se 
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
> Reference: 
> Document: Base-07
> Comment type: T
> Priority: S
> Section: 2.5, 5.3, 6.9, 6.10
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> Diameter Nodes MUST advertise locally supported applications. This must be done 
> including at least an Auth-Application-Id AVP or an Acct-Application-Id AVPs in 
> CER and CEA messages, otherwise there is no way a receiver of a CER message detect
> whether it has any application in common with the sender.
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> Add clariying text at least in sections 5.3.1 and 5.3.2


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Sep 16 11:41:11 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] CMS proxy scenarios
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Although I tried hard to avoid re-writing this section, after reading 1.2
some more, I found some inconsistencies, so a re-write was probably in the
best interest of the WG :(

So, I've followed Miguel's proposed approach, and propose the following text
(of course, I removed the scenarios from section 4.3):


1.2  Establishing Security Relationship through proxy agents

   As previously discussed, proxy agents typically modify Diameter
   messages to implement policy enforcement. An example of a proxy
   server would be an aggregating server, which typically sits one
   Diameter hop away from the access device, and enforces policy in
   order to protect the access device from receiving AVPs that could
   cause harm (e.g. excessive number of filters, unsupported tunneling
   protocol). Although in theory such checks could be performed on the
   access device, these devices are typically embedded systems, and not
   easily configurable. The proxy agent's behavior, on the other hand,
   is typically under control of the network operator.

   Diameter messages between two participants of a DSA would fail
   verification if a proxy agent were to modify any protected AVPs.
   Therefore proxy agents either MUST NOT modify protected AVPs or else
   MUST NOT allow the DSA to be established. In this section, we discuss
   the capabilities provided by this Diameter application which allow
   proxy agents to secure AVPs on behalf of an access device. The
   following scenarios are envisioned:

      - The access device does not have the cryptographic ability to
        handle the CMS functions locally, and therefore requests such
        services from the local agent, such an an aggregating relay or
        proxy agent. The NAS may have been configured to always issue a
        PDSR to its local agent for CMS services. In such cases, the
        agent MUST select the values for the DSA-TTL and provide the
        appropriate Local-CA-Info and the expected OCSP response from
      - The access device has the cryptographic ability to perform the
        CMS functions, but a proxy agent is in the route towards the
        home server, and it returned a failure to the DSAR messages
        stating that it was not willing to allow the DSA to traverse
        through it. Such agents MAY attempt to re-use the values from
        the initial DSAR sent by the access device. In such cases,the
        PDSR initiator SHOULD include the Destination-Host AVP to ensure
        that the PDSR is received by the same proxy agent.
      - The access device MAY have the cryptographic ability to perform
        CMS functions locally, but does not request a DSAR to request a
        DSA.  The local agent, however, has been configured to establish
        DSAs with certain realms automatically, hiding the existence of
        the DSAs from the access device.

   In the above scenarios, the first two occur at the explicit request
   of the access device, while the last one occurs without any messaging
   from the access device. In the latter case, the proxy agent acts as
   an access device of sorts and the rules in section 1.1 should be used
   instead.

   When a local agent receives a DSAR, it has the following options:
      - The local agent rejects all DSARs by sending a DSAA message
        whose Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_NO_CMS_THROUGH_PROXY.
        The DSAA SHOULD include the CMS-Signed-Data AVP, signed by the
        proxy agent, and include its certificate to allow the access
        device to validate the originator of the DSAA. The access device
        can then determine whether it is willing to provide service,
        based on its local policy.
      - The local agent rejects all DSARs by sending a DSAA message
        whose Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_CAN_ACT_AS_CMS_PROXY,
        informing the access device that the agent is willing to
        establish the DSA on its behalf. The DSAA MUST include the CMS-
        Signed-Data AVP, signed by the proxy agent, and include its
        certificate to allow the access device to validate the
        originator of the DSAA. If the access device is willing to use
        the agent's services, which it could be configured to only
        accept such DSAA messages from agents within its realm, it
        issues a Proxy-Diameter-Security-Association-Request (PDSR)
        which MUST contain the target realm. The local agent MAY use any
        of the parameters provided by the access device in the previous
        DSAR attempt when establishing the DSA.  Once the DSA is
        established, the agent MUST issue a Proxy-Diameter-Security-
        Association-Answer (PDSA). The PDSA MUST contain the TTL setting
        agreed by the proxy agent for its DSA. This information will
        allow the access device to re-issue a PDSR prior to the proxy's
        DSA if it needs the DSA to remain active.

   Note that an access device MAY be configured to always issue a PDSR
   to its aggregating proxy, reducing the number of round trips.
   Similarly, an aggregating proxy MAY be configured to initiate an DSAR
   regardless of whether a PDSR was sent by the access device.

       mno.net           mno.net           xyz.net           abc.com
      +------+          +------+          +------+          +------+
      |      |          |Proxy |          |Relay |          | Home |
      | NAS  |          |      |          |      |          |      |
      |      |          |Agent |          |Agent |          |Server|
      +------+          +------+          +------+          +------+
            ------------->
            (DSAR) Destination-Realm = abc.com

            <-------------
            (DSAA) Result-Code = DIAMETER_CAN_ACT_AS_CMS_PROXY

            ------------->
            (PDSR) DSAR-Target-Domain = abc.com

                              ---------------------------->
                              (DSAR) Destination-Realm = abc.com

                              <----------------------------
                              (DSAA) Result-Code = DIAMETER_SUCCESS

            <-------------
            (PDSA) Result-Code = DIAMETER_SUCCESS

            Figure 3: Establishing Security through Proxy Agent

   An optimized approach also allows the PDSR to be sent by the access
   device without the DSAR-Target-Domain AVP. This message is used to
   inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
   association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf of
   the access device.

   Allowing the first hop agent to be used to establish the DSA with the
   home server MAY reduce the current concerns that the cryptographic
   operations resulting from this specification MAY overburden embedded
   access devices.

Comments appreciated,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Sep 16 11:47:19 2001
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Folks, my inclination is to not make this change, but I think that it deserves
input from the WG. We have a couple of options here:

1. Move the PDSR to the base protocol spec, as suggested below.
2. Add clarifying text to the CMS spec stating that a compliant node
   MAY only need to support the PDSR/PDSA messages.
3. Split the CMS spec into two (my least favorite)
4. Have the CMS spec include a two application-Id (this would be broken, btw)
   so I don't believe we should take this approach.
5. leave it as is.

my preference is #2 above.

Comments from the WG please.

PatC
On Fri, Sep 14, 2001 at 12:18:20PM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
> Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
> Reference: 
> Document: CMS-02. ¿base?
> Comment type: T
> Priority: S
> Section: 
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> One of the scenarios described in section 4.3 introduces the concept
> of a client without cryptographic abilities but able to send a PDSA
> request (and process a PDSA answer).
> 
> My concern is the following: does this client actually support CMS
> (that is, can it include a value of '2' in the capabilities exchange?)
> I don't think so. However, it must support the messages that are
> needed to request a proxy a DSA on its behalf.
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> A clarifying text about it such clients can advertise that they
> support CMS when they can't actually do it? As a consecuence, maybe it
> would be more reasonable to move PDSAR and PDSAA to the base
> specification, so that a base support would include such messages (I
> don't really like this proposal, but IMHO it's the more coherent).
> 
> Regards
> 
>   // M.A.
> 
> -- 
>   Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
>   Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
>   Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
>   Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
>   <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
>   Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Sep 16 11:58:58 2001
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How about the following text instead (which is a variant of the text
sent by Miguel):

An optimized approach also allows the PDSR to be sent by the
access device without the DSAR-Target-Realm AVP. This message is used to
inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf
of the access device. DSAs are typically established once the first request
for a given realm has been recelived by the proxy agent, but it MAY
establish certain DSAs with known realm in advance.

If a DSA for a given realm cannot be established, the proxy agent 
MUST reject the access device's request, and set the Result-Code AVP
to DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED. Although the proxy agent MAY receive
many PDSRs from access devices, only one DSA per realm MUST be 
established. Furthermore, the PDSR is responsible for re-establishing
the DSA prior to expiration without any involvement by the access device.

PatC
On Fri, Sep 14, 2001 at 04:05:07PM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
> Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-14
> Reference: 
> Document: CMS-02
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 1
> Section: 1.2
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> The possibility of issueing a PDSA request without a DSA-Target-Realm
> has been suggested as an optimized approach that allows to avoid a
> explicit PDSA with any desired realm.
> 
> However, there are some points that remain unclear (IMHO):
> 
> - When does the proxy establish a DSA? As an initial establishment
> with all the realms isn't possible, I suppose that every time the
> client request an authorisation operation regarding a user, the proxy
> must detect the operation and establish a DSA before forwarding the
> authorisation message.
> 
> - Does the proxy has to establish a DSA with any realm? I don't think
> so, since it may not be allowed by the proxy's local policies.
> 
> - What happens when one of such DSA fails? Or whether the proxy
> doesn't support a DSA with the required realm? Or even whether there
> is a another proxy on the route that issues a NOT_CMS_THROUGH_PROXY
> result code? Do the proxy have to indicate it to the client, issuing
> an appropriate answer with a given result-code (maybe
> DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED)? Or it must forward the message without
> warning the client?
> 
> - Are all the clients equal? I mean, does the proxy have to record on
> behalf of which client it is establishing a DSA (what might involve
> several DSAs with the same realm on behalf of different clients)?
> 
> - What happens when the DSA expires? Does the proxy have to
> re-establish it without any indication from the client. If so, the
> third model suggested in one of my previous issues would be better (no
> explicit PDSAR to begin a DSA but just local policies of the proxy).
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> a) Replace the following paragraph:
> 
>    An optimized approach also allows the PDSR to be sent by the access
>    device without the DSAR-Target-Realm AVP. This message is used to
>    inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
>    association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf
>    of the access device.
> 
> with something like the following:
> 
>    An optimized approach also allows the PDSAR to be sent by the
> access
>    device without the DSAR-Target-Realm AVP. This message is used to
>    inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
>    association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf
>    of the access device. Such DSA MUST be established only first time
>    a message must be routed to a given realm.
> 
>    It may happen that this DSA can not be established. For example,
>    the proxy might be configured not to establish DSAs with the
> required
>    realm, the DSA setup migh fail or there is a proxy agent in the
>    route towards the home server, and it returned a failure to the
>    DSAR messages stating that it was not willing to allow the DSA to
>    traverse through it. In such situations, the proxy MUST reject the
>    message, but set the Result-Code AVP to
> DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED.
>  
>    If several access device send a PDSAR without the DSAR-Target-Realm
>    AVP, only one DSA per realm MUST be established.
> 
> b) Add clarifying text regarding what happens when the DSA expires.
> 
> Regards
> 
>   // M.A.
> 
> -- 
>   Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
>   Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
>   Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
>   Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
>   <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
>   Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


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> 1. Move the PDSR to the base protocol spec, as suggested below.
> 2. Add clarifying text to the CMS spec stating that a compliant node
>    MAY only need to support the PDSR/PDSA messages.
> 3. Split the CMS spec into two (my least favorite)
> 4. Have the CMS spec include a two application-Id (this would be broken, btw)
>    so I don't believe we should take this approach.
> 5. leave it as is.

My preference is also #2.

Jari





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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        =?iso-8859-1?Q?Miguel_=C1ngel_Monjas_Llorente?= <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Cc: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: WG Consensus check: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Partial support of CMS
Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2001 10:24:40 +0200
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I would prefer #2

/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
>Jari Arkko
>Sent: den 16 september 2001 20:16
>To: Pat Calhoun; Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente
>Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: Re: WG Consensus check: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Partial support
>of CMS
>
>
>
>> 1. Move the PDSR to the base protocol spec, as suggested below.
>> 2. Add clarifying text to the CMS spec stating that a compliant node
>>    MAY only need to support the PDSR/PDSA messages.
>> 3. Split the CMS spec into two (my least favorite)
>> 4. Have the CMS spec include a two application-Id (this would be
>broken, btw)
>>    so I don't believe we should take this approach.
>> 5. leave it as is.
>
>My preference is also #2.
>
>Jari
>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 04:55:24 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: WG Consensus check: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Partial support of CMS
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> Folks, my inclination is to not make this change, but I think that it deserves
> input from the WG. We have a couple of options here:
> 
> 1. Move the PDSR to the base protocol spec, as suggested below.
> 2. Add clarifying text to the CMS spec stating that a compliant node
>    MAY only need to support the PDSR/PDSA messages.
> 3. Split the CMS spec into two (my least favorite)
> 4. Have the CMS spec include a two application-Id (this would be broken, btw)
>    so I don't believe we should take this approach.
> 5. leave it as is.
> 
> my preference is #2 above.

Proposal #2 means that a node announcing -1 may have no real CMS
support (just PDSR/PDSA messages).

Since I think that this option might be very risky, I'd modify #2
proposal to say that ONLY Diameter clients (that is, NASes) may
support only PDSA messages while not supporting the whole application.

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 05:18:04 2001
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From: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
Organization: Oy L M Ericsson Ab
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Subject: Re: WG Consensus check: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Partial support of CMS
References: <3BA1D96C.112F348E@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010916083300.K14511@charizard.diameter.org> <3BA5B9E4.E1885ADC@rioja.ericsson.se>
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>Since I think that this option might be very risky, I'd modify #2
>proposal to say that ONLY Diameter clients (that is, NASes) may
>support only PDSA messages while not supporting the whole application.

Well... not sure I agree about the risky part here.
CMS is an extension, and certain rules dictate
how an implementation is conformant to it.

Base protocol spec 2.0 gives these rules (which contain
more text than just excusing the clients, by the way).
I am happy with the current spec in this respect.

One way of implementing the option #2 that is under
discussion is to copy also the relevant excerpt from
base 2.0 to cms.

Jari


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 06:30:59 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 164: problems with Watch Dog
Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2001 12:30:32 +0200
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Probably just a small miss when setting the counters in the pseudo code

According to section 5.1 the status should be set to OKAY when 3 watchdog
messages are exchanged withing accepted round trip times. However, I believe
that the pseudo code below require 4 DWAs to be received before Status is
set to OKAY? Considering the wdRecoveryCount starts at 0 and OKAY is not set
when wdRecoveryCount reaches 3 but the next time a DWA is received. i.e. the
4th DWA.

/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
>Pat Calhoun
>Sent: den 15 september 2001 17:01
>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 164: problems with Watch Dog
>
>
>The authors of the issue are correct that the pseudo-code doesn't reflect
>the text in 5.1. So, I propose adding the following field to the PCB
>in 5.5.3:
>
>wdRecoveryCount - This field contains the number of DWAs received
>                  from a peer once the PCB's state is in the SUSPECT state.
>
>Then changes are made to the pseudo-code to handle this case:
>
>/*
> * OnReceiveDWA() is called whenever a DWA is received
> * from the peer.
> */
>OnReceiveDWA(pcb)
>{
>     if pcb->Status == SUSPECT
>          if pcb->wdRecoveryCount == 3
>               pcb->wdRecoveryCount = 0
>               pcb->Status = OKAY
>          else pcb->wdRecoveryCount++
>     else if pcb->Status != INACTIVE
>          if pcb->Pending
>               T = Tr
>          else
>               T = Ti
>}
>
>/*
> * OnTimerElapsed() is called by some timer services
> * whenever T reaches zero (0).
> */
>OnTimerElapsed(pcb)
>{
>     if pcb->Status = OKAY
>          SendWatchdog(pcb)
>          pcb->Status = WAIT_DWA
>          T = Tw
>     else if pcb->Status = WAIT_DWA
>          pcb->Status = SUSPECT
>          T = Td
>     else if pcb->Status = SUSPECT
>          if pcb->wdRecoveryCount == 3
>               StopConnection(pcb)
>               FailoverProcedures(pcb)
>          else SendWatchdog(pcb)
>}
>
>
>I believe this resolves the issue. Comments?
>
>PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 07:08:48 2001
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Subject: Re: WG Consensus check: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Partial support of CMS
References: <3BA1D96C.112F348E@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010916083300.K14511@charizard.diameter.org> <3BA5B9E4.E1885ADC@rioja.ericsson.se> <3BA5BF73.3B6F4044@lmf.ericsson.se>
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Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> >Since I think that this option might be very risky, I'd modify #2
> >proposal to say that ONLY Diameter clients (that is, NASes) may
> >support only PDSA messages while not supporting the whole application.
> 
> Well... not sure I agree about the risky part here.
> CMS is an extension, and certain rules dictate
> how an implementation is conformant to it.
> 
> Base protocol spec 2.0 gives these rules (which contain
> more text than just excusing the clients, by the way).
> I am happy with the current spec in this respect.

Yes. I browsed that section a long time ago and I didn't remember the
exact details. After reading, the conclusion is clear:

- Diameter servers: MUST support DSA messages; MAY support PDSA
messages
- Proxy agents: MUST support DSA messages; MUST support PDSA messages
- Diameter clients: SHOULD support DSA messages; MUST support PDSA
messages
- Relay agents: MAY support DSA messages; MAY support PDSA messages
- Redirector agents: MAY support DSA messages; MAY support PDSA
messages

What looks fine (except that Diameter clients SHOULD support DSA
messages; wouldn't it be more realistic to weaken this requirement
(since the proper CMS draft states some scenarios with NASes without
cryptographic abilities)?)

> One way of implementing the option #2 that is under
> discussion is to copy also the relevant excerpt from
> base 2.0 to cms.

Yes, I think that including a paragraph stating what the announcement
for each type of diameter nodes means would be convenient.

Regards

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 07:12:26 2001
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> I agree with this issue, and propose adding the last sentence:
> 
>     - The access device has the cryptographic ability to perform the
>       CMS functions, but a proxy agent is in the route towards the
>       home server, and it returned a failure to the DSAR messages
>       stating that it was not willing to allow the DSA to traverse
>       through it. Such agents MAY attempt to re-use the values from
>       the initial DSAR sent by the access device. In such cases,the
>       PDSR initiator SHOULD include the Destination-Host AVP to
>       ensure that the PDSR is received by the same proxy agent.
> 
> Of course, the ABNF is also modified to include the Destination-Host AVP
> as an optional AVP.

OK, I've seen it's been moved to section 1.2 as part of issue #177's
resolution

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 07:36:46 2001
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Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2001 13:36:25 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] CMS proxy scenarios
References: <3BA1C568.347C5635@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010916082702.J14511@charizard.diameter.org>
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> Although I tried hard to avoid re-writing this section, after reading 1.2
> some more, I found some inconsistencies, so a re-write was probably in the
> best interest of the WG :(
> 
> So, I've followed Miguel's proposed approach, and propose the following text
> (of course, I removed the scenarios from section 4.3):
> 
> 1.2  Establishing Security Relationship through proxy agents
> 
>    As previously discussed, proxy agents typically modify Diameter
>    messages to implement policy enforcement. An example of a proxy
>    server would be an aggregating server, which typically sits one
>    Diameter hop away from the access device, and enforces policy in
>    order to protect the access device from receiving AVPs that could
>    cause harm (e.g. excessive number of filters, unsupported tunneling
>    protocol). Although in theory such checks could be performed on the
>    access device, these devices are typically embedded systems, and not
>    easily configurable. The proxy agent's behavior, on the other hand,
>    is typically under control of the network operator.
> 
>    Diameter messages between two participants of a DSA would fail
>    verification if a proxy agent were to modify any protected AVPs.
>    Therefore proxy agents either MUST NOT modify protected AVPs or else
>    MUST NOT allow the DSA to be established. In this section, we discuss
>    the capabilities provided by this Diameter application which allow
>    proxy agents to secure AVPs on behalf of an access device. The
>    following scenarios are envisioned:
> 
>       - The access device does not have the cryptographic ability to
>         handle the CMS functions locally, and therefore requests such
                     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^

As discussed in issue #178 a more specific name would be used (maybe
"security CMS functions")

>         services from the local agent, such an an aggregating relay or
>         proxy agent. The NAS may have been configured to always issue a
>         PDSR to its local agent for CMS services. In such cases, the
>         agent MUST select the values for the DSA-TTL and provide the
>         appropriate Local-CA-Info and the expected OCSP response from

        the DSA peer.

>       - The access device has the cryptographic ability to perform the
>         CMS functions, but a proxy agent is in the route towards the
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^

>         home server, and it returned a failure to the DSAR messages
>         stating that it was not willing to allow the DSA to traverse
>         through it. Such agents MAY attempt to re-use the values from
>         the initial DSAR sent by the access device. In such cases,the
>         PDSR initiator SHOULD include the Destination-Host AVP to ensure
>         that the PDSR is received by the same proxy agent.
>       - The access device MAY have the cryptographic ability to perform
                            ^^^
This isn't a requirement (just a statement) so that maybe capital
letters aren't necessary.

>         CMS functions locally, but does not request a DSAR to request a
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>         DSA.  The local agent, however, has been configured to establish
>         DSAs with certain realms automatically, hiding the existence of
>         the DSAs from the access device.
> 
>    In the above scenarios, the first two occur at the explicit request
>    of the access device, while the last one occurs without any messaging
>    from the access device. In the latter case, the proxy agent acts as
>    an access device of sorts and the rules in section 1.1 should be used
>    instead.
> 
>    When a local agent receives a DSAR, it has the following options:
>       - The local agent rejects all DSARs by sending a DSAA message
>         whose Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_NO_CMS_THROUGH_PROXY.
>         The DSAA SHOULD include the CMS-Signed-Data AVP, signed by the
>         proxy agent, and include its certificate to allow the access
>         device to validate the originator of the DSAA. The access device
>         can then determine whether it is willing to provide service,
>         based on its local policy.
>       - The local agent rejects all DSARs by sending a DSAA message
>         whose Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_CAN_ACT_AS_CMS_PROXY,
>         informing the access device that the agent is willing to
>         establish the DSA on its behalf. The DSAA MUST include the CMS-
>         Signed-Data AVP, signed by the proxy agent, and include its
>         certificate to allow the access device to validate the
>         originator of the DSAA. If the access device is willing to use
>         the agent's services, which it could be configured to only
>         accept such DSAA messages from agents within its realm, it
>         issues a Proxy-Diameter-Security-Association-Request (PDSR)
>         which MUST contain the target realm. The local agent MAY use any
>         of the parameters provided by the access device in the previous
>         DSAR attempt when establishing the DSA.  Once the DSA is
>         established, the agent MUST issue a Proxy-Diameter-Security-
>         Association-Answer (PDSA). The PDSA MUST contain the TTL setting
>         agreed by the proxy agent for its DSA. This information will
>         allow the access device to re-issue a PDSR prior to the proxy's
>         DSA if it needs the DSA to remain active.
> 
>    Note that an access device MAY be configured to always issue a PDSR
>    to its aggregating proxy, reducing the number of round trips.
>    Similarly, an aggregating proxy MAY be configured to initiate an DSAR
>    regardless of whether a PDSR was sent by the access device.
> 
>        mno.net           mno.net           xyz.net           abc.com
>       +------+          +------+          +------+          +------+
>       |      |          |Proxy |          |Relay |          | Home |
>       | NAS  |          |      |          |      |          |      |
>       |      |          |Agent |          |Agent |          |Server|
>       +------+          +------+          +------+          +------+
>             ------------->
>             (DSAR) Destination-Realm = abc.com
> 
>             <-------------
>             (DSAA) Result-Code = DIAMETER_CAN_ACT_AS_CMS_PROXY
> 
>             ------------->
>             (PDSR) DSAR-Target-Domain = abc.com
> 
>                               ---------------------------->
>                               (DSAR) Destination-Realm = abc.com
> 
>                               <----------------------------
>                               (DSAA) Result-Code = DIAMETER_SUCCESS
> 
>             <-------------
>             (PDSA) Result-Code = DIAMETER_SUCCESS
> 
>             Figure 3: Establishing Security through Proxy Agent
> 
>    An optimized approach also allows the PDSR to be sent by the access
>    device without the DSAR-Target-Domain AVP. This message is used to
>    inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
>    association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf of
>    the access device.
> 
>    Allowing the first hop agent to be used to establish the DSA with the
>    home server MAY reduce the current concerns that the cryptographic
>    operations resulting from this specification MAY overburden embedded
>    access devices.

No more comments

Regards

  // M.A.


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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] PDSA-Request without DSA-Target-Realm
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> How about the following text instead (which is a variant of the text
> sent by Miguel):
> 
> An optimized approach also allows the PDSR to be sent by the
> access device without the DSAR-Target-Realm AVP. This message is used to
> inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
> association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf
> of the access device. DSAs are typically established once the first request
> for a given realm has been recelived by the proxy agent, but it MAY
> establish certain DSAs with known realm in advance.
> 
> If a DSA for a given realm cannot be established, the proxy agent
> MUST reject the access device's request, and set the Result-Code AVP
> to DIAMETER_NO_DSA_ESTABLISHED. Although the proxy agent MAY receive
> many PDSRs from access devices, only one DSA per realm MUST be
> established. Furthermore, the PDSR is responsible for re-establishing
                                ^^^^ proxy?
> the DSA prior to expiration without any involvement by the access device.

The rest is fine

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 08:06:07 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: CMS Decryption Error
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> I have addressed this issue, which conflicted with another issue by Miguel.
> I assume that this issue overrides a portion of issue 158, to which I posted
> proposed text at http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg02114.html.

Yes. The proposed resolution of issue 158 looks fine, but as stated in
the previous mail, the key point is that I don't know if we've got the
possibility of deciding whether a given CMS-Encrypted-AVP has been
modified or not. If we've got a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP encrypting an
only AVP, once we decrypt and parse we find that the AVP doesn't match
any defined AVP. We can deduce that the AVP has been modified (but
actually there's no way to decide if it's a question of modification,
bad encryption or bad encoding or the original AVP). Of course that if
we find two or more supposed AVPs that don't match any defined AVP, it
quite probable that some modification has been suffered.

My proposal is to keep the DIAMETER_DSA_DECRYPTION_FAILED as proposed
by Pat, but taking into account that probably CMS implementations
wouldn't be able to distiguish between a failed decryption and other
type of errors related to decryption.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 11:18:48 2001
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Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2001 08:03:51 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 164: problems with Watch Dog
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ooops... you are correct. Will change 3 to 2, since 0 is the starting point.

Thanks,

PatC
On Mon, Sep 17, 2001 at 12:30:32PM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> Probably just a small miss when setting the counters in the pseudo code
> 
> According to section 5.1 the status should be set to OKAY when 3 watchdog
> messages are exchanged withing accepted round trip times. However, I believe
> that the pseudo code below require 4 DWAs to be received before Status is
> set to OKAY? Considering the wdRecoveryCount starts at 0 and OKAY is not set
> when wdRecoveryCount reaches 3 but the next time a DWA is received. i.e. the
> 4th DWA.
> 
> /Fredrik
> 
> >-----Original Message-----
> >From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
> >Pat Calhoun
> >Sent: den 15 september 2001 17:01
> >To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> >Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 164: problems with Watch Dog
> >
> >
> >The authors of the issue are correct that the pseudo-code doesn't reflect
> >the text in 5.1. So, I propose adding the following field to the PCB
> >in 5.5.3:
> >
> >wdRecoveryCount - This field contains the number of DWAs received
> >                  from a peer once the PCB's state is in the SUSPECT state.
> >
> >Then changes are made to the pseudo-code to handle this case:
> >
> >/*
> > * OnReceiveDWA() is called whenever a DWA is received
> > * from the peer.
> > */
> >OnReceiveDWA(pcb)
> >{
> >     if pcb->Status == SUSPECT
> >          if pcb->wdRecoveryCount == 3
> >               pcb->wdRecoveryCount = 0
> >               pcb->Status = OKAY
> >          else pcb->wdRecoveryCount++
> >     else if pcb->Status != INACTIVE
> >          if pcb->Pending
> >               T = Tr
> >          else
> >               T = Ti
> >}
> >
> >/*
> > * OnTimerElapsed() is called by some timer services
> > * whenever T reaches zero (0).
> > */
> >OnTimerElapsed(pcb)
> >{
> >     if pcb->Status = OKAY
> >          SendWatchdog(pcb)
> >          pcb->Status = WAIT_DWA
> >          T = Tw
> >     else if pcb->Status = WAIT_DWA
> >          pcb->Status = SUSPECT
> >          T = Td
> >     else if pcb->Status = SUSPECT
> >          if pcb->wdRecoveryCount == 3
> >               StopConnection(pcb)
> >               FailoverProcedures(pcb)
> >          else SendWatchdog(pcb)
> >}
> >
> >
> >I believe this resolves the issue. Comments?
> >
> >PatC
> 


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Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2001 19:22:30 +0200
From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] CMS proxy scenarios
References: <3BA1C568.347C5635@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010916082702.J14511@charizard.diameter.org>
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An additional point: a Diameter proxy can deny a DSA setup attempt
through it by two reasons:

- Because it would modify any of the AVPs requested as protected, so
that the participants of the DSA would detect modifications in some of
the AVPs of the message.
- Because the proxy has been configured to act as a CMS proxy only
when the target of the DSA is within an allowed set.

This last condition hasn't been included. I would include a clarifying
text

Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> 1.2  Establishing Security Relationship through proxy agents

> 
>    When a local agent receives a DSAR, it has the following options:
>       - The local agent rejects all DSARs by sending a DSAA message
>         whose Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_NO_CMS_THROUGH_PROXY.

         This rejection can be due to the fact that the proxy would
modify
         some of the AVPs requested as protected or because, even not
         modifying any AVP, it has been configured not to allow a
         subsequent DSA with the given domain.

>         The DSAA SHOULD include the CMS-Signed-Data AVP, signed by the
>         proxy agent, and include its certificate to allow the access
>         device to validate the originator of the DSAA. The access device
>         can then determine whether it is willing to provide service,
>         based on its local policy.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 17 22:38:07 2001
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From: Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: The 3rd diameter bake-off is postpone with three weeks 
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All,

Due to the recent terrorist attacks in the US, many of the companies 
that will participate in the Diameter interop event have a company-wide 
ban on non-essential travel for an indefinate period of time. So, we 
have therefore agreed to postpone the event with three weeks. Thus, the 
new date for the event are 22nd of October to the 26th of October. 10 
vendors / organizations have register before the deadline, which was set 
to the 14th of September. We believe the we can host one or two more 
vendors, so if you want to participate please let us know asap, at the 
latest Thursday this week.  

http://standards.ericsson.net/diameter-bake-off/

Regards,

/Tony



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 18 14:23:59 2001
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Miguel,

I've spoken to Pat about this (and though it seemed clear=20
enough to me it really wasn't:-). I also checked with the=20
S/MIME WG to make sure we're doing the "right" thing with
MIME encodings so that we can more easily re-use existing
toolkits in our context.

First the background then the suggested text to include:

- CMS is a generic cryptographic message format, that makes
no reference to MIME. We're using a small subset of the
options available in CMS.
- The S/MIME v3 message specification tells you how MIME and
CMS can be used together to do secure email. There are many
toolkits which implement this specification, and some of=20
the older ones don't really handle the "bare" CMS cases
very well (they assume you want MIME encoding).

For these reasons the current draft uses the following scheme
for the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (similar considerations apply
for the CMS-Signed-Data AVP):

- Marshall up (catenate) the set of to-be-encrypted AVPs
- Encode those using MIME encoding and use the id-data
  object identifier (another place where the older toolkits=20
  go wrong, some only handle id-data and insist on=20
  MIME en/de-coding the to-be-encrypted data)
- Wrap that using CMS EnvelopedData
- Put the result into a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP

If we don't want to do the MIME encoding then we can omit
it, but someone someday might build using a toolkit that
forces the MIME en/decoding and we'll have more interop=20
problems than otherwise. (I personally don't mind whether
we omit the MIME encoding or not.)

The attached re-wording of sections 6.1/6.2 should
hopefully clarify this.

Regards,
Stephen.


Miguel =C1ngel Monjas Llorente wrote:
>=20
> Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >
> > > there's no explicit mention of MIME encoding in 6.2
> > > (CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP). My opinion is that such explicit mention =
to
> > > MIME should be included in 6.2 (at least if MIME encoding is
> > > necessary).
> >
> > ok, here's the scoop (as I understand it). 6.1 specifies how the
> > CMS-Signed-Data AVP is created. This is done by taking a bunch of AVP=
s,
> > putting them through the signing transform, and taking the result, wh=
ich
> > is included in the AVP itself. However, the AVPs themselves are never=
 encoded
> > in any MIME format when included in the message.
>=20
> Right. A CMS SignedData structure is created containing only the
> digest of the AVPs, not the whole bunch of AVPs.
>=20
> > 6.2, on the other hand, is completely different. The encrypted data i=
s
> > included in the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP.
> >
> > So, in 6.1 the process is different from 6.2.
>=20
> Really? In the sense that S/MIME isn't involved? Just pure CMS?
>=20
> > I believe that Stephen will need to help us out here with any additio=
nal
> > clarifications.
>=20
> I'm afraid I'm beginning to need it.
>=20
> Let's say that there are a encapsulation message syntax called CMS. It
> provides six content-types: data, signed-data, enveloped-data,
> digested-data, encrypted-data, and authenticated-data. This syntax
> evolves from PKCS#7 and makes use of ASN.1.
>=20
> Let's imagine that a messaging standard, S/MIME, takes just two of the
> content types (signed-data and enveloped-data) to provide secure
> messaging (as well as a particular singed-data message,
> certificates-only). Of course that some kind of MIME encoding is
> necessary.
>=20
> Finally, AAA-WG says that it will use CMS for providing end-to-end
> security. However, two significant things are also stated: that the
> secured AVPs will be CMS-Signed-Data, CMS-Encrypted-Data and CMS-Cert
> (which coincide with the different structures used by S/MIME) and that
> "This application was designed to allow for Diameter implementations
> to use existing S/MIME toolkits".
>=20
> My first impression is that S/MIME encoding was an intermediate step
> to get our secured AVP (that is the reason why I thought that S/MIME
> Security Application was a more proper name). However, it looks that,
> in order to get a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP, no S/MIME processing is
> necessary.
>=20
> Now, I'm definitely confused (I admit that I'm not an S/MIME expert).
> But I'd like to know where S/MIME processing is used, where not (and
> how to encode several EnvelopedData values within a single
> CSM-Enveloped-Data AVP; is that an S/MIME method or not)
>=20
> > As far as the intro paragraph, I've come up with the following at the=
 end
> > of section 1.0:
> >
> > This Diameter application makes use of Cryptographic Message
> > Syntax (CMS), which a method used to secure MIME (S/MIME)
>                     ^^^
>                        | something missed?
>=20
> > messages. This application was designed to allow for Diameter
> > implementations to use existing S/MIME toolkits in order to
> > comply with this specification.
>=20
> > so, we're nearly there.
>=20
> Right :-))

--=20
____________________________________________________________
Stephen Farrell         				  =20
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
Dublin 8.                mailto:stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie
Ireland                             http://www.baltimore.com
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Insert into section 6.0:

   The profile of CMS algorithm and structure usage is conformant to 
   that specified in the S/MIME v3 message specification [11]. This
   makes is simpler to base an implementation of this specification 
   upon an existing S/MIME toolkit.
   
   All MIME encoded data in this specification MUST use the 
   "application/pkcs7-mime" MIME type.

6.1  CMS-Signed-Data AVP

   The CMS-Signed-Data AVP (AVP Code 310) is of type OctetString and
   contains the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding of a CMS object [3]
   of type ContentInfo.  This means that where a set of AVPs is to be
   signed, the set of AVPs with the 'P' bit set MUST first be catenated 
   together in the order in which they occur in the Diameter message 
   and MUST then be encoded according to MIME encoding rules specified 
   in [16,17]. The result of this encoding is used as input into the 
   signing process. 
   
   Note that the AVPs themselves are not encapsulated within the 
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP. Instead, the digest value of the AVPs
   produced in the signature process MUST be included in the CMS-Signed-
   Data AVP, as a message-digest attribute (defined in section 11.2 of
   [3]) in the SignerInfo value.

   Multiple Diameter entities MAY add their signatures to an existing
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP. Multiple signatures are added within the
   countersignature attribute (defined in section 11.4 of [3]) and not
   as additional SignerInfo values. The countersignature attribute
   requires that the signatures occur sequentially, meaning that each
   signature covers the existing signatures in the CMS object.

   The initial signature, and any additional countersignatures, MUST
   cover the exact same set of AVPs, in the order they are present in
   the message.

   Note that the CMS-Signed-Data AVP itself MUST NOT be used in the 
   generation of the signature, and therefore MUST NOT have its 'P' bit set.

   The eContent field of the EncapsulatedContentInfo structure MUST be
   absent since the digital signature covers data outside of the object.
   The signature is computed over all AVPs with the 'P' bit enabled. The
   order of the AVPs MUST be preserved and the computation begins with
   the first AVP immediately following the Diameter header. 

   If a receiver detects that the contents of the CMS-Signed-Data AVP
   are invalid, it SHOULD return the DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH Result-Code AVP 
   value defined in section 7.1.

   When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the CMS-Encrypted-Data
   AVP MUST be created first. This AVP MUST then have the 'P' bit set
   and be one of the inputs to the signing process as described above.
   (Any other processing resulting in the same output can be used.) This 
   means that signing is "outside" encryption.

   No more than one CMS-Signed-Data AVP MUST be present in any given
   Diameter message.

6.2  CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP

   The CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (AVP Code 355) is of type OctetString and
   contains the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding of a CMS object [3]
   of type ContentInfo.

   All AVPs to be encrypted are concatenated. This value is then MIME
   encoded (according to the rules specified in [16,17]) and then encrypted 
   according to normal CMS rules, and then used as the value of the 
   EncryptedContent field within EnvelopedData. The contentType of the 
   EncryptedContentInfo value MUST be id-data [11].

   A CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP contains exactly one EnvelopedData. Where one or 
   more AVP would be encrypted within separate EnvelopedData structures, then 
   separate CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs MUST be used. 
   
   Thus, implementations MUST be able to support the presence of multiple 
   CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs and MUST be able to decrypt any EnvelopedData 
   for which it is a recipient, as indicated in the EnvelopedData's 
   RecipientInfos field [3].

   If the recipient is not specified in a RecipientInfo, it MAY choose
   to process the message or return an answer with the Result-Code AVP
   set to DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT. If the recipient is in the
   RecipientInfos and an error occurs during decryption, then the
   recipient MUST answer with the Result-Code set to
   DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.

   Diameter nodes SHOULD implement content encryption key reuse (see
   section 3.4 above).

   If a receiver detects that the contents of the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP
   is invalid, it SHOULD answer with the Result-Code set to
   DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.

   Zero or more CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP MAY be present in any Diameter
   message.

6.x Example encodings

   In order to clarify contents of and the relationships between 
   CMS-Signed-Data and CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs we present the following
   example of how these AVPs are calculated.
   
   First, some short-hand:

	- MIME(x) represents the MIME encoding of x 
	- EnvelopedData-fnc(x,y) represents the EnvelopedData produced
	as output of a function with x as the to-be-encrypted-data
	and y as the parameters (e.g. recipient information).
	- SignedData (y) represents the SignedData produced
	as output of a function with the catenation of the 'P is set' 
	AVPS as the to-be-digested-data	(which is not part of the 
	output!) and y as the parameters (e.g. signer information).

    The scenario calls for a message containing 7 AVPs s,t,e,p,h,e and n
    to meet the following: 
	AVPs s,t and e are to be encrypted for recipient P.
	AVPs e,p and h are to be encrypted for recipient A.
	AVPs s,e (2nd time:-) and n are to be signed by originator T.
    
    The resulting message will look like:
    
	AVP1='P is set',   EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
	AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e,p,h),A)
	AVP3='P is set',   e
	AVP4='P is clear', n
	AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)
    
    The result of this is that AVPs t,e(1st time), p and h are actually
    signed even though that wasn't required. However, this is no harm.
    
--------------FFCA5C1DED0F106076D405A3--



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 18 17:59:40 2001
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From: "Bob Kopacz" <BKopacz@InterlinkNetworks.com>
To: "aaa-wg" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Retain RADIUS attribute types for attributes 0-255
Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 17:56:00 -0400
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Submitter name: Bob Kopacz
Submitter email address: BKopacz@InterlinkNetworks.com
Date first submitted: September 18, 2001
Reference: None
Document: draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-07
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 7.1, 7.2, 7.4, 7.5
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

  The first 256 AVP numbers are reserved for compatibility with
  RADIUS.

  However, the type of four of them has been changed in the Diameter
  draft.  Accounting-Input-Octets, Accounting-Output-Octets,
  Accounting-Input-Packets, and Accounting-Output-Packets are AVPs in
  the RADIUS attribute space, but are 32-bit integers in RADIUS and
  64-bit integers in Diameter.

  This makes the dictionary implementation more difficult in servers
  that support both RADIUS and Diameter.

  For the first 256 attributes, we should retain full RADIUS 
  compatibility and retain the original RADIUS type.  If Diameter 
  applications want 64-bit integer counters, then create 
  Diameter-specific AVPs for them.

Requested change:

  (The AVP names are only a suggestion)

  Rename Accounting-Input-Octets as Accounting-Input-Extended-Octets,
  rename Accounting-Output-Octets as Accounting-Output-Extended-Octets,
  rename Accounting-Input-Packets as Accounting-Input-Extended-Packets,
  rename Accounting-Output-Packets as Accounting-Output-Extended-Packets,
  let their values be 64-bit integers,
  and assign them Diameter AVP numbers greater than 255.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 18 18:38:16 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Retain RADIUS attribute types for attributes 0-255
Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 15:21:19 -0700
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Related to this issue, a similar problem exists in the nasreq-07 spec.
However, while sections 8.1-8.5 indicate that the AVPs in question should be
Unsigned64, the table in section 2.2 indicates that they are in fact
Unsigned32.

Kev

>
> Submitter name: Bob Kopacz
> Submitter email address: BKopacz@InterlinkNetworks.com
> Date first submitted: September 18, 2001
> Reference: None
> Document: draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-07
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 1
> Section: 7.1, 7.2, 7.4, 7.5
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>
>   The first 256 AVP numbers are reserved for compatibility with
>   RADIUS.
>
>   However, the type of four of them has been changed in the Diameter
>   draft.  Accounting-Input-Octets, Accounting-Output-Octets,
>   Accounting-Input-Packets, and Accounting-Output-Packets are AVPs in
>   the RADIUS attribute space, but are 32-bit integers in RADIUS and
>   64-bit integers in Diameter.
>
>   This makes the dictionary implementation more difficult in servers
>   that support both RADIUS and Diameter.
>
>   For the first 256 attributes, we should retain full RADIUS
>   compatibility and retain the original RADIUS type.  If Diameter
>   applications want 64-bit integer counters, then create
>   Diameter-specific AVPs for them.
>
> Requested change:
>
>   (The AVP names are only a suggestion)
>
>   Rename Accounting-Input-Octets as Accounting-Input-Extended-Octets,
>   rename Accounting-Output-Octets as Accounting-Output-Extended-Octets,
>   rename Accounting-Input-Packets as Accounting-Input-Extended-Packets,
>   rename Accounting-Output-Packets as Accounting-Output-Extended-Packets,
>   let their values be 64-bit integers,
>   and assign them Diameter AVP numbers greater than 255.
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 05:36:28 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 150: S/MIME precisions
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Stephen Farrell wrote:
> 
> Miguel,
> 
> I've spoken to Pat about this (and though it seemed clear
> enough to me it really wasn't:-). I also checked with the
> S/MIME WG to make sure we're doing the "right" thing with
> MIME encodings so that we can more easily re-use existing
> toolkits in our context.
> 
> First the background then the suggested text to include:
> 
> - CMS is a generic cryptographic message format, that makes
> no reference to MIME. We're using a small subset of the
> options available in CMS.
> - The S/MIME v3 message specification tells you how MIME and
> CMS can be used together to do secure email. There are many
> toolkits which implement this specification, and some of
> the older ones don't really handle the "bare" CMS cases
> very well (they assume you want MIME encoding).
> 
> For these reasons the current draft uses the following scheme
> for the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (similar considerations apply
> for the CMS-Signed-Data AVP):
> 
> - Marshall up (catenate) the set of to-be-encrypted AVPs
> - Encode those using MIME encoding and use the id-data
>   object identifier (another place where the older toolkits
>   go wrong, some only handle id-data and insist on
>   MIME en/de-coding the to-be-encrypted data)
> - Wrap that using CMS EnvelopedData
> - Put the result into a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP
> 
> If we don't want to do the MIME encoding then we can omit
> it, but someone someday might build using a toolkit that
> forces the MIME en/decoding and we'll have more interop
> problems than otherwise. (I personally don't mind whether
> we omit the MIME encoding or not.)
> 
> The attached re-wording of sections 6.1/6.2 should
> hopefully clarify this.

 
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Just some comments:

> Insert into section 6.0:
> 
>    The profile of CMS algorithm and structure usage is conformant to
>    that specified in the S/MIME v3 message specification [11]. This
>    makes is simpler to base an implementation of this specification
>    upon an existing S/MIME toolkit.
> 
>    All MIME encoded data in this specification MUST use the
>    "application/pkcs7-mime" MIME type.
> 
> 6.1  CMS-Signed-Data AVP
> 
>    The CMS-Signed-Data AVP (AVP Code 310) is of type OctetString and
>    contains the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding of a CMS object [3]
>    of type ContentInfo.  This means that where a set of AVPs is to be
>    signed, the set of AVPs with the 'P' bit set MUST first be catenated
>    together in the order in which they occur in the Diameter message
>    and MUST then be encoded according to MIME encoding rules specified
>    in [16,17]. The result of this encoding is used as input into the
>    signing process.

I assume that references 16 and 17 has been added. Could you post such
references?

>    Note that the AVPs themselves are not encapsulated within the
>    CMS-Signed-Data AVP. Instead, the digest value of the AVPs
>    produced in the signature process MUST be included in the CMS-Signed-
>    Data AVP, as a message-digest attribute (defined in section 11.2 of
>    [3]) in the SignerInfo value.
> 
>    Multiple Diameter entities MAY add their signatures to an existing
>    CMS-Signed-Data AVP. Multiple signatures are added within the
>    countersignature attribute (defined in section 11.4 of [3]) and not
>    as additional SignerInfo values. The countersignature attribute
>    requires that the signatures occur sequentially, meaning that each
>    signature covers the existing signatures in the CMS object.
> 
>    The initial signature, and any additional countersignatures, MUST
>    cover the exact same set of AVPs, in the order they are present in
>    the message.
> 
>    Note that the CMS-Signed-Data AVP itself MUST NOT be used in the
>    generation of the signature, and therefore MUST NOT have its 'P' bit set.
> 
>    The eContent field of the EncapsulatedContentInfo structure MUST be
>    absent since the digital signature covers data outside of the object.
>    The signature is computed over all AVPs with the 'P' bit enabled. The
>    order of the AVPs MUST be preserved and the computation begins with
>    the first AVP immediately following the Diameter header.
> 
>    If a receiver detects that the contents of the CMS-Signed-Data AVP
>    are invalid, it SHOULD return the DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH Result-Code AVP
>    value defined in section 7.1.

Well, here I'd suggest leaving something more similar to the old text.
Something like:

   If a receiver cannot verify correctly the signature carried by the 
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP, it SHOULD return the DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH 
   Result-Code AVP value defined in section 7.1.

Just because there can be some confusion between the following
existing errors:

      DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA          5019
         This error code is returned when a CMS-Data AVP is received
         with an invalid ContentInfo object.

and

      DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH             4012
         The signature in the CMS-Signed-Data AVP is invalid.

>    When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the CMS-Encrypted-Data
>    AVP MUST be created first. This AVP MUST then have the 'P' bit set
>    and be one of the inputs to the signing process as described above.
>    (Any other processing resulting in the same output can be used.) This
>    means that signing is "outside" encryption.
> 
>    No more than one CMS-Signed-Data AVP MUST be present in any given
>    Diameter message.
> 
> 6.2  CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP
> 
>    The CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (AVP Code 355) is of type OctetString and
>    contains the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding of a CMS object [3]
>    of type ContentInfo.
> 
>    All AVPs to be encrypted are concatenated. This value is then MIME
>    encoded (according to the rules specified in [16,17]) and then encrypted
>    according to normal CMS rules, and then used as the value of the
                                    ^^^^^^^^
                                   maybe too many "and then"

>    EncryptedContent field within EnvelopedData. The contentType of the
>    EncryptedContentInfo value MUST be id-data [11].
> 
>    A CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP contains exactly one EnvelopedData. Where one or
>    more AVP would be encrypted within separate EnvelopedData structures, then
>    separate CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs MUST be used.

Well, it has been stated above that all AVPs to be encrypted are
concatenated, encoded, encrypted and used as the Encrypted Content  of
EnvelopedData. Maybe the second paragraph should be rephrased to say
"All AVPs to be encrypted in a given AVP are concatenated"

>    Thus, implementations MUST be able to support the presence of multiple
>    CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs and MUST be able to decrypt any EnvelopedData
>    for which it is a recipient, as indicated in the EnvelopedData's
>    RecipientInfos field [3].
> 
>    If the recipient is not specified in a RecipientInfo, it MAY choose
>    to process the message or return an answer with the Result-Code AVP
>    set to DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT. If the recipient is in the
>    RecipientInfos and an error occurs during decryption, then the
>    recipient MUST answer with the Result-Code set to
>    DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.

This solves issue 174.

>    Diameter nodes SHOULD implement content encryption key reuse (see
>    section 3.4 above).
> 
>    If a receiver detects that the contents of the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP
>    is invalid, it SHOULD answer with the Result-Code set to
     ^^^
     are
>    DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.

Shouldn't they be DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA?

>    Zero or more CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP MAY be present in any Diameter
>    message.
> 
> 6.x Example encodings
> 
>    In order to clarify contents of and the relationships between
>    CMS-Signed-Data and CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs we present the following
>    example of how these AVPs are calculated.
> 
>    First, some short-hand:
> 
>         - MIME(x) represents the MIME encoding of x
>         - EnvelopedData-fnc(x,y) represents the EnvelopedData produced
>         as output of a function with x as the to-be-encrypted-data
>         and y as the parameters (e.g. recipient information).
>         - SignedData (y) represents the SignedData produced
>         as output of a function with the catenation of the 'P is set'
>         AVPS as the to-be-digested-data (which is not part of the
>         output!) and y as the parameters (e.g. signer information).
> 
>     The scenario calls for a message containing 7 AVPs s,t,e,p,h,e and n
>     to meet the following:
>         AVPs s,t and e are to be encrypted for recipient P.
>         AVPs e,p and h are to be encrypted for recipient A.
>         AVPs s,e (2nd time:-) and n are to be signed by originator T.

I'd use subindexes:

    The scenario calls for a message containing 7 AVPs s,t,e1,p,h,e2
and n
    to meet the following:
        AVPs s,t and e1 are to be encrypted for recipient P.
        AVPs e1,p and h are to be encrypted for recipient A.
        AVPs s,e2 and n are to be signed by originator T.

Additionally, I think that information about who has requested a
digital signature should be added.

>     The resulting message will look like:
> 
>         AVP1='P is set',   EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
>         AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e,p,h),A)
>         AVP3='P is set',   e
>         AVP4='P is clear', n
>         AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)

        AVP1='P is set',   EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e1),P)
        AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e1,p,h),A)
        AVP3='P is set',   e2
        AVP4='P is clear', n
        AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)

In this example, P would get s,t,e1,e2 and n with a digital signature
(either direct or indirect) on only s,t,e1 and e2 (although there is a
digital signature on p and h, P isn't able to decrypt AVP2, so that it
won't get p and h).

In turn, A would get e1,p,h,e2 and n with a digital signature on e2 (A
is not able to decrypt AVP1)

>     The result of this is that AVPs t,e(1st time), p and h are actually
>     signed even though that wasn't required. However, this is no harm.

As a conclusion, I'd add information about who is the receiver of the
digital signature, would change the protection bit of AVP4 (n) and
would rephrase the last paragraph in order to add such informations...

Regards

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 06:00:18 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 150: S/MIME precisions
References: <20010830104633.B8794@charizard.diameter.org> <3B8F3DC2.B94F6A49@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010903111122.D19656@charizard.diameter.org> <3B94E1D0.10BA0A28@rioja.ericsson.se> <3BA789B5.A2D27EC6@baltimore.ie> <3BA9B856.E97DCA3C@rioja.ericsson.se>
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Miguel,

I've no problem with your edits (new text attached), except:

> I assume that references 16 and 17 has been added. Could you post such
> references?

Sorry they were from Pat's working copy:

.IP [16]
N. Freed, N. Borenstein, " MIME Part 1: Format of Internet Message
Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996.
.IP [17]
N. Freed, N. Borenstein, " MIME Part 2: Media Types", RFC 2046, November 1996.

> >    A CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP contains exactly one EnvelopedData. Where one or
> >    more AVP would be encrypted within separate EnvelopedData structures, then
> >    separate CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs MUST be used.
> 
> Well, it has been stated above that all AVPs to be encrypted are
> concatenated, encoded, encrypted and used as the Encrypted Content  of
> EnvelopedData. Maybe the second paragraph should be rephrased to say
> "All AVPs to be encrypted in a given AVP are concatenated"

I prefer the existing text here.

> > 6.x Example encodings

I fixed some errors here, not quite the way you asked.

> As a conclusion, I'd add information about who is the receiver of the
> digital signature, would change the protection bit of AVP4 (n) and
> would rephrase the last paragraph in order to add such informations...

There's no concept of the "receiver" of a digital signature. Anyone can
verify a signature. It is true that sometimes that encrypting and 
signing will mean that some stuff that was signed isn't visible to
some verifiers, but that's presumably the correct situation.

Regards,
Stephen.

-- 
____________________________________________________________
Stephen Farrell         				   
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
Dublin 8.                mailto:stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie
Ireland                             http://www.baltimore.com
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Insert into section 6.0:

   The profile of CMS algorithm and structure usage is conformant to 
   that specified in the S/MIME v3 message specification [11]. This
   makes is simpler to base an implementation of this specification 
   upon an existing S/MIME toolkit.
   
   All MIME encoded data in this specification MUST use the 
   "application/pkcs7-mime" MIME type.

6.1  CMS-Signed-Data AVP

   The CMS-Signed-Data AVP (AVP Code 310) is of type OctetString and
   contains the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding of a CMS object [3]
   of type ContentInfo.  This means that where a set of AVPs is to be
   signed, the set of AVPs with the 'P' bit set MUST first be catenated 
   together in the order in which they occur in the Diameter message 
   and MUST then be encoded according to MIME encoding rules specified 
   in [16,17]. The result of this encoding is used as input into the 
   signing process. 
   
   Note that the AVPs themselves are not encapsulated within the 
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP. Instead, the digest value of the AVPs
   produced in the signature process MUST be included in the CMS-Signed-
   Data AVP, as a message-digest attribute (defined in section 11.2 of
   [3]) in the SignerInfo value.

   Multiple Diameter entities MAY add their signatures to an existing
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP. Multiple signatures are added within the
   countersignature attribute (defined in section 11.4 of [3]) and not
   as additional SignerInfo values. The countersignature attribute
   requires that the signatures occur sequentially, meaning that each
   signature covers the existing signatures in the CMS object.

   The initial signature, and any additional countersignatures, MUST
   cover the exact same set of AVPs, in the order they are present in
   the message.

   Note that the CMS-Signed-Data AVP itself MUST NOT be used in the 
   generation of the signature, and therefore MUST NOT have its 'P' bit set.

   The eContent field of the EncapsulatedContentInfo structure MUST be
   absent since the digital signature covers data outside of the object.
   The signature is computed over all AVPs with the 'P' bit enabled. The
   order of the AVPs MUST be preserved and the computation begins with
   the first AVP immediately following the Diameter header. 

   If a receiver cannot verify correctly the signature carried by the
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP, it SHOULD return the DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH
   Result-Code AVP value defined in section 7.1.

   When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the CMS-Encrypted-Data
   AVP MUST be created first. This AVP MUST then have the 'P' bit set
   and be one of the inputs to the signing process as described above.
   (Any other processing resulting in the same output can be used.) This 
   means that signing is "outside" encryption.

   No more than one CMS-Signed-Data AVP MUST be present in any given
   Diameter message.

6.2  CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP

   The CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (AVP Code 355) is of type OctetString and
   contains the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding of a CMS object [3]
   of type ContentInfo.

   All AVPs to be encrypted are concatenated. This value is then:
   
   	- MIME encoded (according to the rules specified in [16,17]),
   	- encrypted according to normal CMS rules, 
   	- used as the value of the  EncryptedContent field within 
   	  EnvelopedData. 
   
   The contentType of the EncryptedContentInfo value MUST be id-data [11].

   A CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP contains exactly one EnvelopedData. Where one or 
   more AVP would be encrypted within separate EnvelopedData structures, then 
   separate CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs MUST be used. 
   
   Thus, implementations MUST be able to support the presence of multiple 
   CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs and MUST be able to decrypt any EnvelopedData 
   for which it is a recipient, as indicated in the EnvelopedData's 
   RecipientInfos field [3].

   If the recipient is not specified in a RecipientInfo, it MAY choose
   to process the message or return an answer with the Result-Code AVP
   set to DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT. If the recipient is in the
   RecipientInfos and an error occurs during decryption, then the
   recipient MUST answer with the Result-Code set to
   DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.

   Diameter nodes SHOULD implement content encryption key reuse (see
   section 3.4 above).

   If a receiver detects that the contents of the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP
   are invalid, it SHOULD answer with the Result-Code set to
   DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA.

   Zero or more CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP MAY be present in any Diameter
   message.

6.x Example encodings

   In order to clarify contents of and the relationships between 
   CMS-Signed-Data and CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs we present the following
   example of how these AVPs are calculated.
   
   First, some short-hand:

	- MIME(x) represents the MIME encoding of x 
	- EnvelopedData-fnc(x,y) represents the EnvelopedData produced
	as output of a function with x as the to-be-encrypted-data
	and y as the parameters (e.g. recipient information).
	- SignedData (y) represents the SignedData produced
	as output of a function with the catenation of the 'P is set' 
	AVPs as the to-be-digested-data	(which is not part of the 
	output!) and y as the parameters (e.g. signer information).

    The scenario calls for a message containing 7 AVPs s,t,e,p,h,e' and n
    to meet the following: 
	AVPs s, t and e are to be encrypted for recipient P.
	AVPs e, p and h are to be encrypted for recipient A.
	AVPs s, e' and n are to be signed by originator T.
    
    The resulting message will look like:
    
	AVP1='P is set',   EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
	AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e,p,h),A)
	AVP3='P is set',   e'
	AVP4='P is set',   n
	AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)
    
    The result of this is that AVPs s,t,e,e' and n are actually
    signed even though signing of t and e wasn't required. However, 
    this is no harm.
    
--------------61BFDD4994ED42673E4B6DDC--



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 09:27:01 2001
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Stephen Farrell wrote:
> 
> Miguel,
> 
> > > 6.x Example encodings
> 
> I fixed some errors here, not quite the way you asked.
> 
> > As a conclusion, I'd add information about who is the receiver of the
> > digital signature, would change the protection bit of AVP4 (n) and
> > would rephrase the last paragraph in order to add such informations...
> 
> There's no concept of the "receiver" of a digital signature. Anyone can
> verify a signature. It is true that sometimes that encrypting and
> signing will mean that some stuff that was signed isn't visible to
> some verifiers, but that's presumably the correct situation.

OK. This is right in a wide sense but it's necessary to take into
account that Diameter CMS Security employs widely DSAs. The two
participants usually request some kind of protection (AVPs to be
protected and means to get the protection). In such a scenario, there
is a "receiver" of the digital signature (the participant that has
requested it).

Let's take your example:

>     The scenario calls for a message containing 7 AVPs s,t,e,p,h,e' and n
>     to meet the following: 
>         AVPs s, t and e are to be encrypted for recipient P.
>         AVPs e, p and h are to be encrypted for recipient A.
>         AVPs s, e' and n are to be signed by originator T.
>     
>     The resulting message will look like:
>     
>         AVP1='P is set',   EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
>         AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e,p,h),A)
>         AVP3='P is set',   e'
>         AVP4='P is set',   n
>         AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)

Let's imagine that this scenario happens withing a DSA established
between T and P. P has requested a digital signature on s, e' and n
and encryption on s, t and e.

The resulting message will comply with the requests:

- Encryption of s, t and e (AVP1)
- Digital signature on s, t, e, e' and n.

What about if the DSA has been established between T and A. A has
requested a digital signature on s, e' and n and encryption on e, p
and h. The resulting message won't comply with the requests:

- Encryption of e, p and h.
- Digital signature on e' and n. But NOT on s .It can be argued that s
has been signed since the digital signature has been applied on AVP1,
AVP3 and AVP4. But it isn't actually true. A can't decrypt s since
it's visible.

My conclusion is that, when assembling Diameter messages, the
participant must be very careful with the way in which it encrypts and
signs the AVPs (that was the purpose of issue 181) depending on the
parameter of the DSA. For instance, in your example, if the receiver
of the message is A and not P, the resulting message must look like:
    
--->>>  AVP1='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P) (*)
        AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e,p,h),A)
        AVP3='P is set',   e'
        AVP4='P is set',   n
        AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)
--->>>  AVP6='P is set',   s

(*) If no internal policy states that P also requests digital
signature on its encrypted AVPs.

It isn't important to note that, although there's no receiver of a
digital signature, there is actually a receiver of a Diameter message
secured with Diameter CMS Security.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 09:42:24 2001
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Miguel,

I think it would be an error to start complicating the concept
of the DSA to include ideas about signing only being allowed
between nodes that share a DSA, and only for some AVPs and
only on Mondays and only if the sky's clear etc.. 

Signing is effectively independent of DSAs. Unnecessary signatures 
are no harm to anyone. Insisting on things not being signed when 
you don't care seems worse than useless to me.

> OK. This is right in a wide sense but it's necessary to take into
> account that Diameter CMS Security employs widely DSAs. 

Nope. Signing with RSA doesn't ever require a concept of a 
receiver. End of story.

> The two
> participants usually request some kind of protection (AVPs to be
> protected and means to get the protection). In such a scenario, there
> is a "receiver" of the digital signature (the participant that has
> requested it).

Irrelevant. If someone wants to do extra work signing then that's fine.
If someone needs a signature they insist on it.
There's no need to complicate things so lets not. 

(Or else reference the requjirement/use-case that shows that there is).

> What about if the DSA has been established between T and A. A has
> requested a digital signature on s, e' and n and encryption on e, p
> and h. 


So A gets more stuff signed than he needs, big deal.

> The resulting message won't comply with the requests:
> --->>>  AVP1='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P) (*)
>         AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e,p,h),A)
>         AVP3='P is set',   e'
>         AVP4='P is set',   n
>         AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)
> --->>>  AVP6='P is set',   s

I think it is clearly wrong to suggest (as you seem to be doing) that
AVP 's' be sent both encrypted (AVP1) and in clear (AVP6). How could
that ever be a good idea?

> It isn't important to note that, although there's no receiver of a
> digital signature, there is actually a receiver of a Diameter message
> secured with Diameter CMS Security.

That sentence doesn't pass my parser:-)

Stephen.

-- 
____________________________________________________________
Stephen Farrell         				   
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
Dublin 8.                mailto:stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie
Ireland                             http://www.baltimore.com


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 10:13:04 2001
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Stephen Farrell wrote:
> 
> > What about if the DSA has been established between T and A. A has
> > requested a digital signature on s, e' and n and encryption on e, p
> > and h.
> 
> So A gets more stuff signed than he needs, big deal.

I think that is the key point of this discussion. I've got no problem
with extra signatures. Just more stuff as you say. But if encryption
is involved isn't so easy.

> > The resulting message won't comply with the requests:
> > --->>>  AVP1='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P) (*)
> >         AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e,p,h),A)
> >         AVP3='P is set',   e'
> >         AVP4='P is set',   n
> >         AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)
> > --->>>  AVP6='P is set',   s
> 
> I think it is clearly wrong to suggest (as you seem to be doing) that
> AVP 's' be sent both encrypted (AVP1) and in clear (AVP6). How could
> that ever be a good idea?

What I suggest is that if A wants encryption of e, p and h and digital
signature on e', n and s its irrelevant that e is actually present in
the message since it isn't visible for A. So that, if T want to fulfil
the requirements of P (the other participant of the DSA). If you don't
like my proposal about the message, what about this?

         AVP1='P is anything', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
 --->>>  AVP2='P is set',      EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,e,p,h),A)
         AVP3='P is set',      e'
         AVP4='P is set',      n
         AVP5='P is clear',    SignedData(T)

Anyway, AVP 's' has to be sent in a way that the requester (A, the
other participant of the DSA) can recover it. It means that it has to
be included twice because of the internal policy of T (that requires
an additional encryption for P). This is the end of story, isn't it? A
message encrypted for P is invisible for A.

My only purpose is pointing that a careful technique must be
implemented in a node when combining digital signature and encryption
(specially if several encryption receivers are involved). According to
this, I think that it's important to point that the message you're
using as example will depend on the previously established DSA.

> > It isn't important to note that, although there's no receiver of a
> > digital signature, there is actually a receiver of a Diameter message
> > secured with Diameter CMS Security.
> 
> That sentence doesn't pass my parser:-)

May I suggest upgrading to a new version ;-))

Regards

  // M.A.


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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> 
> Stephen Farrell wrote:
> >
> > > What about if the DSA has been established between T and A. A has
> > > requested a digital signature on s, e' and n and encryption on e, p
> > > and h.
> >
> > So A gets more stuff signed than he needs, big deal.
> 
> I think that is the key point of this discussion. I've got no problem
> with extra signatures. Just more stuff as you say. But if encryption
> is involved isn't so easy.
> 
> > > The resulting message won't comply with the requests:
> > > --->>>  AVP1='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P) (*)
> > >         AVP2='P is clear', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(e,p,h),A)
> > >         AVP3='P is set',   e'
> > >         AVP4='P is set',   n
> > >         AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)
> > > --->>>  AVP6='P is set',   s
> >
> > I think it is clearly wrong to suggest (as you seem to be doing) that
> > AVP 's' be sent both encrypted (AVP1) and in clear (AVP6). How could
> > that ever be a good idea?
> 
> What I suggest is that if A wants encryption of e, p and h and digital
> signature on e', n and s its irrelevant that e is actually present in
> the message since it isn't visible for A. So that, if T want to fulfil
> the requirements of P (the other participant of the DSA). If you don't
                                                          ^
                                                     it has to include
                                                    the AVP twoice  

> like my proposal about the message, what about this?
> 
>          AVP1='P is anything', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
>  --->>>  AVP2='P is set',      EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,e,p,h),A)
>          AVP3='P is set',      e'
>          AVP4='P is set',      n
>          AVP5='P is clear',    SignedData(T)
> 
> Anyway, AVP 's' has to be sent in a way that the requester (A, the
> other participant of the DSA) can recover it. It means that it has to
> be included twice because of the internal policy of T (that requires
> an additional encryption for P). This is the end of story, isn't it? A
> message encrypted for P is invisible for A.
> 
> My only purpose is pointing that a careful technique must be
> implemented in a node when combining digital signature and encryption
> (specially if several encryption receivers are involved). According to
> this, I think that it's important to point that the message you're
> using as example will depend on the previously established DSA.
> 
> > > It isn't important to note that, although there's no receiver of a
> > > digital signature, there is actually a receiver of a Diameter message
> > > secured with Diameter CMS Security.
> >
> > That sentence doesn't pass my parser:-)
> 
> May I suggest upgrading to a new version ;-))
> 
> Regards
> 
>   // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 10:32:03 2001
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Miguel,

The original scenario in the example was:

    The scenario calls for a message containing 7 AVPs s,t,e,p,h,e' and n
    to meet the following: 
	AVPs s, t and e are to be encrypted for recipient P.
	AVPs e, p and h are to be encrypted for recipient A.
	AVPs s, e' and n are to be signed by originator T.

The set of AVPs I described meet this requirement. 

In your mails you've added a new requirement "that s be sent 
to A", which I did not include. (Indeed by saying that s had to 
be encrypted for P, I was implicitly stating that "s not be 
visible to A".)

If your additional requirement were added to the list then
the AVP set below is almost ok:

>          AVP1='P is anything', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
>  --->>>  AVP2='P is set',      EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,e,p,h),A)
>          AVP3='P is set',      e'
>          AVP4='P is set',      n
>          AVP5='P is clear',    SignedData(T)

The problem with it is that 'P is anything' is not allowed. P is
either set (in which case the AVP is input to signing) or is
clear (in which case it isn't).

That means that the set of AVPs below meets the combination of 
the original requirements and your new one ("that s be sent to A").

           AVP1='P is set',      EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
           AVP2='P is set',      EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,e,p,h),A)
           AVP3='P is set',      e'
           AVP4='P is set',      n
           AVP5='P is clear',    SignedData(T)

Those AVPs can be sent to either P or A and will meet the 
requirements.

So, are you suggesting that I change the scenario to include the
additional requirement? If that's all: we're done, no problem,
I'll include it. (I guess it does show up a rule: don't send the
same AVP encrypted and in clear; which is probably worth stating
though it should be obvious:-)

If you're after something else, then I don't know what it is,
nor where the requirement is coming from.

Stephen.
 

-- 
____________________________________________________________
Stephen Farrell         				   
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
Dublin 8.                mailto:stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie
Ireland                             http://www.baltimore.com


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 10:54:03 2001
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Stephen Farrell wrote:
> 
> Miguel,
> 
> The original scenario in the example was:
> 
>     The scenario calls for a message containing 7 AVPs s,t,e,p,h,e' and n
>     to meet the following:
>         AVPs s, t and e are to be encrypted for recipient P.
>         AVPs e, p and h are to be encrypted for recipient A.
>         AVPs s, e' and n are to be signed by originator T.
> 
> The set of AVPs I described meet this requirement.

Yes, it did.

> In your mails you've added a new requirement "that s be sent
> to A", which I did not include. (Indeed by saying that s had to
> be encrypted for P, I was implicitly stating that "s not be
> visible to A".)

Well, the new requirement only wanted to note that usually such
scenarios exist within a DSA. Just that.

> If your additional requirement were added to the list then
> the AVP set below is almost ok:
> 
> >          AVP1='P is anything', EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
> >  --->>>  AVP2='P is set',      EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,e,p,h),A)
> >          AVP3='P is set',      e'
> >          AVP4='P is set',      n
> >          AVP5='P is clear',    SignedData(T)
> 
> The problem with it is that 'P is anything' is not allowed. P is
> either set (in which case the AVP is input to signing) or is
> clear (in which case it isn't).

Right. I just wanted to say that, in a DSA between T and A, the actual
protection flag of AVP1 is irrelevant (if no protection status has
been stated for P).

> That means that the set of AVPs below meets the combination of
> the original requirements and your new one ("that s be sent to A").
> 
>            AVP1='P is set',      EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
>            AVP2='P is set',      EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,e,p,h),A)
>            AVP3='P is set',      e'
>            AVP4='P is set',      n
>            AVP5='P is clear',    SignedData(T)
> 
> Those AVPs can be sent to either P or A and will meet the
> requirements.

Yes.

> So, are you suggesting that I change the scenario to include the
> additional requirement? If that's all: we're done, no problem,
> I'll include it.

That's all. Just saying that when encrypting and signing, the
"receiver" (of the message, not of the digital signature, so that this
character doesn't play this movie) has to be taken into account.

> (I guess it does show up a rule: don't send the
> same AVP encrypted and in clear; which is probably worth stating
> though it should be obvious:-)

Yes, it should have been obvious :-))

> If you're after something else, then I don't know what it is,
> nor where the requirement is coming from.

Nothing else.

Regards

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


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Latest and greatest 6.1/6.2 text attached and we're done
(I hope:-)

Stephen.

-- 
____________________________________________________________
Stephen Farrell         				   
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
Dublin 8.                mailto:stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie
Ireland                             http://www.baltimore.com
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Insert into section 6.0:

   The profile of CMS algorithm and structure usage is conformant to 
   that specified in the S/MIME v3 message specification [11]. This
   makes is simpler to base an implementation of this specification 
   upon an existing S/MIME toolkit.
   
   All MIME encoded data in this specification MUST use the 
   "application/pkcs7-mime" MIME type.

6.1  CMS-Signed-Data AVP

   The CMS-Signed-Data AVP (AVP Code 310) is of type OctetString and
   contains the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding of a CMS object [3]
   of type ContentInfo.  This means that where a set of AVPs is to be
   signed, the set of AVPs with the 'P' bit set MUST first be catenated 
   together in the order in which they occur in the Diameter message 
   and MUST then be encoded according to MIME encoding rules specified 
   in [16,17]. The result of this encoding is used as input into the 
   signing process. 
   
   Note that the AVPs themselves are not encapsulated within the 
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP. Instead, the digest value of the AVPs
   produced in the signature process MUST be included in the CMS-Signed-
   Data AVP, as a message-digest attribute (defined in section 11.2 of
   [3]) in the SignerInfo value.

   Multiple Diameter entities MAY add their signatures to an existing
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP. Multiple signatures are added within the
   countersignature attribute (defined in section 11.4 of [3]) and not
   as additional SignerInfo values. The countersignature attribute
   requires that the signatures occur sequentially, meaning that each
   signature covers the existing signatures in the CMS object.

   The initial signature, and any additional countersignatures, MUST
   cover the exact same set of AVPs, in the order they are present in
   the message.

   Note that the CMS-Signed-Data AVP itself MUST NOT be used in the 
   generation of the signature, and therefore MUST NOT have its 'P' bit set.

   The eContent field of the EncapsulatedContentInfo structure MUST be
   absent since the digital signature covers data outside of the object.
   The signature is computed over all AVPs with the 'P' bit enabled. The
   order of the AVPs MUST be preserved and the computation begins with
   the first AVP immediately following the Diameter header. 

   If a receiver cannot verify correctly the signature carried by the
   CMS-Signed-Data AVP, it SHOULD return the DIAMETER_INVALID_AUTH
   Result-Code AVP value defined in section 7.1.

   When AVPs are to be both encrypted and signed, the CMS-Encrypted-Data
   AVP MUST be created first. This AVP MUST then have the 'P' bit set
   and be one of the inputs to the signing process as described above.
   (Any other processing resulting in the same output can be used.) This 
   means that signing is "outside" encryption.

   No more than one CMS-Signed-Data AVP MUST be present in any given
   Diameter message.

6.2  CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP

   The CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (AVP Code 355) is of type OctetString and
   contains the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) encoding of a CMS object [3]
   of type ContentInfo.

   All AVPs to be encrypted are concatenated. This value is then:
   
   	- MIME encoded (according to the rules specified in [16,17]),
   	- encrypted according to normal CMS rules, 
   	- used as the value of the  EncryptedContent field within 
   	  EnvelopedData. 
   
   The contentType of the EncryptedContentInfo value MUST be id-data [11].

   A CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP contains exactly one EnvelopedData. Where one or 
   more AVP would be encrypted within separate EnvelopedData structures, then 
   separate CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs MUST be used. 
   
   Thus, implementations MUST be able to support the presence of multiple 
   CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs and MUST be able to decrypt any EnvelopedData 
   for which it is a recipient, as indicated in the EnvelopedData's 
   RecipientInfos field [3].

   If the recipient is not specified in a RecipientInfo, it MAY choose
   to process the message or return an answer with the Result-Code AVP
   set to DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT. If the recipient is in the
   RecipientInfos and an error occurs during decryption, then the
   recipient MUST answer with the Result-Code set to
   DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE.

   Diameter nodes SHOULD implement content encryption key reuse (see
   section 3.4 above).

   If a receiver detects that the contents of the CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP
   are invalid, it SHOULD answer with the Result-Code set to
   DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA.

   Zero or more CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP MAY be present in any Diameter
   message.

6.x Example encodings

   In order to clarify the contents of and the relationships between 
   CMS-Signed-Data and CMS-Encrypted-Data AVPs we present the following
   example of how these AVPs are calculated.
   
   First, some short-hand:

	- MIME(x) represents the MIME encoding of x 
	- EnvelopedData-fnc(x,y) represents the EnvelopedData produced
	as output of a function with x as the to-be-encrypted-data
	and y as the parameters (e.g. recipient information).
	- SignedData (y) represents the SignedData produced
	as output of a function with the catenation of the 'P is set' 
	AVPs as the to-be-digested-data	(which is not part of the 
	output!) and y as the parameters (e.g. signer information).

    The scenario calls for a message containing 7 AVPs s,t,e,p,h,e' and n
    to meet the following: 
	AVPs s, t and e are to be encrypted for recipient P.
	AVPs e, p and h are to be encrypted for recipient A.
	AVPs s, and e' are to be signed by originator T.
	AVP  s is to be sent to recipient A.
	AVP  n needs neither signing nor encryption.

    Note that though there is no explicit requirement that AVP s be
    encrypted for A, since it will be encrypted for P, we also have
    to encrypt it for A. Implementations SHOULD NOT send the same
    AVP both encrypted and in clear.
    
    The resulting message will look like:
    
	AVP1='P is set',   EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,t,e),P)
	AVP2='P is set',   EnvelopedData-fnc(MIME(s,e,p,h),A)
	AVP3='P is set',   e'
	AVP4='P is clear', n
	AVP5='P is clear', SignedData(T)
    
    The result of this is that all AVPs excapt n are actually
    signed even though signing of t and e wasn't explicitly required. 
    However, this is no harm.
    
--------------B05DBAC723B0073872DE96CF--



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 11:10:53 2001
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References: <20010830104633.B8794@charizard.diameter.org> <3B8F3DC2.B94F6A49@rioja.ericsson.se> <20010903111122.D19656@charizard.diameter.org> <3B94E1D0.10BA0A28@rioja.ericsson.se> <3BA789B5.A2D27EC6@baltimore.ie> <3BA9B856.E97DCA3C@rioja.ericsson.se> <3BA9BDFC.153944F@baltimore.ie> <3BA9EE00.AF3925BE@rioja.ericsson.se> <3BA9F20B.60BD212E@baltimore.ie> <3BA9F923.2ABB834@rioja.ericsson.se> <3BA9FDA1.AD56705D@baltimore.ie> <3BAA02C8.B7A5A231@rioja.ericsson.se> <3BAA04BD.2AF9430C@baltimore.ie>
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Stephen Farrell wrote:
> 
> Latest and greatest 6.1/6.2 text attached and we're done
> (I hope:-)

Perfect!!! :-)))

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 11:23:54 2001
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Hi all,

according to the discusion on issue 150, this issue may be removed. A
little bit of digital signature doesn't harm any AVP :-)))

Regards

  // M.A.

PS: maybe a fragment of the proposed text:

>    Where an implementation wants to receive a set of AVPs both
>    encrypted and signed it MIGHT use a work around consisting of
>    requiring such a set of AVPs as encrypted (using as many as
>    needed Expected-Encrypted-AVP AVPs) and CMS-Encrypted-Data
>    AVP as digitally signed (using an only Expected-Signed-AVP
>    AVP).

could be added at the end of 6.10

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 20 18:52:08 2001
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From: Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 <panos.thomas@motorola.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Diameter MIPv4 questions
Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2001 17:50:42 -0500
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Hi Pat,

In a MIPv4 scenario, the Auth-Lifetime value MUST be communicated to 
the MN, so that it knows when to re-register. How is this done?
Is it via the registration lifetime (Lifetime field in the 
Registration Reply header), or via the registration keys' lifetime
(Lifetime field in the "Unsolicited MN-FA/HA Key Material From AAA" 
subtype)?

Also, is the absence/presence of the MN-AAA Authentication subtype,
the trigger at the FA to decide if the message should go directly
to HA or via the AAA infrastructure?

Thanks,

-Panos

 
   


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 21 03:53:11 2001
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From: "Harri Hakala (LMF)" <Harri.Hakala@lmf.ericsson.se>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Acct-Application-Id
Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2001 09:42:56 +0200
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Hi,

I would like to know is it possible to use Diameter Accounting commands 
without any application specified by Diameter Base protocol.

I just would like to add a few vendor specific AVPs and use the standard
Diameter accounting commands.
Or should I create a new vendor specific diameter application to be able to
specify the Acct-Application-Id ?

Regards...Harri Hakala


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 21 06:17:07 2001
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Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2001 13:15:41 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
Organization: Oy L M Ericsson Ab
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Acct-Application-Id
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>I would like to know is it possible to use Diameter
>Accounting commands without any application specified
>by Diameter Base protocol.

You can define either standard or private application
identifiers, as described in section 11.3. A private
application identifier would belong either to a vendor,
or possibly another standards organization. So, you
can do this and use Diameter to transport accounting
data without an application RFC.

Having said that, it might be a good idea anyway to
have e.g. an Informational RFC that describes your
application. The advantage of this would be that then
you'd be able to say what extra/special AVPs are
necessary in your case etc.

Jari


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 21 09:54:17 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        "Tony Johansson" <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 172: The need for Float128?
Date: Fri, 21 Sep 2001 15:54:18 +0200
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I agree that we should not re-open the whole data type discussion again, but
I'm still in favor for removing float 128 since it's not supported by many
of the common hardware platforms and compilators.

/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
>Pat Calhoun
>Sent: den 15 september 2001 17:14
>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 172: The need for Float128?
>
>
>This AVP type was added by the data type folks since it exists in other
>protocols, and we were attempting to simply reuse what is already defined
>out there. If the WG agrees to delete this type, I'm ok with it, but I
>really hate to re-open the whole data type can of worms :(
>
>PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 21 11:02:41 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: "Harri Hakala (LMF)" <Harri.Hakala@lmf.ericsson.se>
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Acct-Application-Id
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vendor specific acct-appl-id is required.

PatC
On Fri, Sep 21, 2001 at 09:42:56AM +0200, Harri Hakala (LMF) wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I would like to know is it possible to use Diameter Accounting commands 
> without any application specified by Diameter Base protocol.
> 
> I just would like to add a few vendor specific AVPs and use the standard
> Diameter accounting commands.
> Or should I create a new vendor specific diameter application to be able to
> specify the Acct-Application-Id ?
> 
> Regards...Harri Hakala


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 21 11:36:12 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 <panos.thomas@motorola.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Diameter MIPv4 questions
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> In a MIPv4 scenario, the Auth-Lifetime value MUST be communicated to 
> the MN, so that it knows when to re-register. How is this done?
> Is it via the registration lifetime (Lifetime field in the 
> Registration Reply header), or via the registration keys' lifetime
> (Lifetime field in the "Unsolicited MN-FA/HA Key Material From AAA" 
> subtype)?

reg lifetime in reg reply.

> Also, is the absence/presence of the MN-AAA Authentication subtype,
> the trigger at the FA to decide if the message should go directly
> to HA or via the AAA infrastructure?

correct, and the FA has the option to reject the reg req if the MN-AAA
is missing, and it believes it needs to be present. The mobile would then
have to re-issue a reg req.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 21 11:53:09 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue]: Diameter hop-by-hop security
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Submitter name: Bernard Aboba
Submitter email address: aboba@internaut.com
Date first submitted: 9/19/01
Document: base-07
Comment type: Technical
Priority: Must fix
Section: 2.2 Securing Diameter Messages
Explanation of issue: There is a mismatch between security support
required on the client and on the server. Diameter clients MUST support
IPsec, and MAY support TLS. Yet, Diameter Servers MUST support TLS, and
MAY support IPsec. Thus, compliant Diameter clients & servers won't
necessarily interoperate. 
Requested change: 
Change text to: Diameter Servers MUST support TLS and IPsec. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 09:01:38 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 180: AAA-Server-Certs
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All,

The AAA-Server-Cert allows more than one node to be the target of
a DSA, which is needed for various redundancy and PKI naming schemes.
This is quite clear from the spec already, so I would propose rejecting
this issue.

PatC


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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-24
Reference: 
Document: CMS-02
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The CMS application comprises two main "features" (as described in
section 2.0): the security feature, which comprises the messages
necessary for establishing security associations and the AVPs needed
to protect other AVPs; and the proxy feature, made up of the messages
that are used to ask a proxy to establish a security association.

On the other hand, the CMS draft begins by describing how a security
association can be established (sections 1.1 and 1.2). It might looks
like as if the CMS draft states that a security association is needed
to exchange protected AVPs. But it doesn't actually say it.

Another points:

- The definition of CMS-Signed-Data AVP (section 6.1) introduces the
concept of countersignatures. This attribute allows any Diameter peer
to add its own digital signature to an existing CMS-Signed-Data AVPs
(but always on the same set of AVPs, the ones with its protection bit
set). As far as I understand, this situation could happen when a
broker signs AVPs in given Diameter messages that traverse through it.
Section 1.3 also describes a "business model" in which two Diameter
nodes signs "in parallel" accounting AVPs. It is supposed that those
both parties are the participants of a DSA (according to figure 4).
The base specification also talks about AVPs being signed by two
parties (sections 9.5 and 9.7.1) usually to be forwarded to a third
party with settlement purposes (however, it isn't said whether those
AVPs would be forwarded using new Diameter messsages). Discussion on
issue #150 emphasizes that a digital signature has no actual receiver
(that is, a Diameter node can sign anything withour a explicit request
within the framework of an established DSA)

- The definition of CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP (section 6.2) reviews the
concept of RecipientInfo, an attribute of the CMS structure
EnvelopedData that allows to encrypt a given set of AVPs for different
receivers using an only CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP. Discussion on issue
#150 also introduces an example in which a Diameter node has to
encrypt some (different) AVPs to two different receivers. Section 6.2
(proposed) says that:

   If the recipient is not specified in a RecipientInfo, it MAY
   choose to process the message or return an answer with the
   Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_NO_DSA_RECIPIENT"

that is, a node can receive a CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP with a receiver
different from itself.

- As a result of "Questions about AVPs ocurrence" series, it was
stated that "The DSAR message MUST NOT be used simply as a convenient
certificate distribution protocol without establishing a DSA" (section
4.1). What might imply that a DSA is necessary to include a CMS-Cert
AVP. However, section 6.1.7 in base protocol states that:

   Redirector agents MAY also include the certificate of the servers
in
   the Redirect-Host AVP(s). These certificates are encapsulated in a
   CMS-Cert AVP [11].

and the same in section 1.3 of CMS:

   the redirect agent to retrieve the necessary information for it to
   communicate directly with the home server, which MAY include the
   home server's certificates.


Requested change: 

a) Clarifying whether CMS-* (that is, CMS-Signed-Data,
CMS-Encrypted-Data and CMS-Cert) may be exchanged without an
established DSA between the peers. If so, introducing a brief
description of scenarios in which no previous DSA is needed (that is,
that a node can sign of encrypt AVPs according only to its local
policy and not to an explicit DSA)

b) Whenever CMS is used in the base draft, describing that
functionality in the CMS draft.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 09:01:45 2001
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> THere are cases where a certificate could be omitted from a DSAR (e.g.
> if two nodes frequently setup DSAs and are under the same
> jurisdiction). This issue now mandates that the DSA-Request includes
> this AVP

Really?

My original proposal was changing the current row (which is the
following):

                                 +-----------------------+
                                 |      Command-Code     |
                                 |-----+-----+-----+-----+
   Attribute Name                | DSAR| DSAA| PDSR| PDSA|
   ------------------------------|-----+-----+-----+-----+
   CMS-Cert                      | 0   | 0   | 0   | 0   |

with this one

   CMS-Cert                      | 0-1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |

After some discussion, it was described that, if a certificate was
always needed in the DSAR, the row must be:

   CMS-Cert                      |  1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |

But, once Stephen and you has made a decision ("There are cases where
a certificate could be omitted from a DSAR"), my original proposal
must be included (that is, the issue must not be rejected, but taken
in its original way).

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


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Organization: Ericsson =?iso-8859-1?Q?Espa=F1a?=, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] CMS-Data AVPs in base protocol
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Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se 
Date first submitted: 2001-09-24
Reference: 
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section: 9.5, 9.7.1
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

In base specification 9.5 it's quoted the term CMS-Data AVP:

  In all accounting records the Session-Id and User-Name AVPs MUST
  be present. If end-to-end authentication is required, as described
  in [11], the CMS-Data AVP may be used to authenticate the
  Accounting Data and Service Specific AVPs. It is not typically
  necessary, nor recommended, that the end-to-end authentication
  cover any additional AVPs since the Data and Service Specific AVP,
  and associated CMS-Data, MAY need to be submitted to a third party.

Also in 9.7.1:

  When the Accounting-Request is being submitted to a third party
  (e.g. settlement service), and includes the CMS-Data AVP [11], the
  CMS-Data AVP MUST be signed by both the local and home Diameter
  server using the countersignature procedures described in [11].

However, this CMS-Data AVP doesn't actually exist.

Requested change: 

Changing that term in both paragraphs. In the first paragraph,
CMS-Data should be changed by CMS-Signed-Data since it's
authentication the security service involved. However, in the last
sentence, the phrase "It is [...] not recommended that the end-to-end
authentication cover any additional AVPs..." looks wrong. As stated in
the discussion of issue 150, too much digital signature doesn't harm
and there's no problem if the signature covers other AVPs.

The result could be something like the following:

  In all accounting records the Session-Id and User-Name AVPs MUST
  be present. If end-to-end authentication is required, as described
  in [11], the CMS-Signed-Data AVP may be used to authenticate the
  Accounting Data and Service Specific AVPs. It is not typically
  necessary, although nor harmful, that the digital signature carried
  by the CMS-Signed-Data AVP covers any additional AVPs, even if the
  since the Data and Service Specific AVP, and associated 
  CMS-Signed-Data, MAY need to be submitted to a third party.

In the second one, it also looks like CMS-Signed-Data is the right
option.

  When the Accounting-Request is being submitted to a third party
  (e.g. settlement service), and includes the CMS-Signed-Data AVP
  [11], the CMS-Signed-Data AVP MUST be include digital signatures
  by both the local and home Diameter server using the
countersignature
  procedures described in [11].

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Retama 1, 4th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 09:14:30 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Problems with the cut&paste

Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> 
> Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
> Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-24
> Reference:
> Document: Base
> Comment type: T
> Priority: S
> Section: 9.5, 9.7.1
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 

> Requested change:

> The result could be something like the following:
> 
>   In all accounting records the Session-Id and User-Name AVPs MUST
>   be present. If end-to-end authentication is required, as described
>   in [11], the CMS-Signed-Data AVP may be used to authenticate the
>   Accounting Data and Service Specific AVPs. It is not typically
>   necessary, although nor harmful, that the digital signature carried
>   by the CMS-Signed-Data AVP covers any additional AVPs, even if the
>         the Data and Service Specific AVP, and associated
    ^^^^^
         "since" dropped

>   CMS-Signed-Data, MAY need to be submitted to a third party.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 09:15:20 2001
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Date: Mon, 24 Sep 2001 04:12:32 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: passive access device in CMS case
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All,

My co-author and I have recently been chatting about the progression
of CMS (or lack thereof :(, and had a concern about one of the recent
examples that was added to the CMS draft:

"- The access device may have the cryptographic ability to perform
   CMS functions locally, but does not request a DSAR to request a DSA. 
   The local agent, however, has been configured to establish DSAs with
   certain realms automatically, hiding the existence of the DSAs from
   the access device."

His concern is simply that the above scenario requires no additional
signaling, and in such cases the proxy is no different from an access
device. 

So he would prefer to see this example removed.

Comments,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 09:57:05 2001
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Date: Mon, 24 Sep 2001 04:40:55 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 167: CMS-Cert in AVP Occurence Table
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All,

THere are cases where a certificate could be omitted from a DSAR (e.g.
if two nodes frequently setup DSAs and are under the same
jurisdiction). This issue now mandates that the DSA-Request includes 
this AVP, and Stephen and I believe this should be rejected.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 09:57:05 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> My co-author and I have recently been chatting about the progression
> of CMS (or lack thereof :(,

I'm sorry that you think there's no progression of CMS. IMHO a great
task of clarification and improvement was being made so that I regret
you both don't think the same...

> and had a concern about one of the recent
> examples that was added to the CMS draft:
> 
> "- The access device may have the cryptographic ability to perform
>    CMS functions locally, but does not request a DSAR to request a DSA.
>    The local agent, however, has been configured to establish DSAs with
>    certain realms automatically, hiding the existence of the DSAs from
>    the access device."
> 
> His concern is simply that the above scenario requires no additional
> signaling, and in such cases the proxy is no different from an access
> device.
> 
> So he would prefer to see this example removed.

Well, I'm the proponent of such an scenario and I'd like to explain
the reason I had to suggest it: although it doesn't require any
additional signalling it is a very likely scenario. Maybe you may
think that this is only an specification of a Diameter application, so
that only syntax must be described and that anything that isn't
forbidden is allowed, but I think that some kind of guidance doesn't
harm anyone. But it's up to you deciding what must be inside the
specification.

However, and according to Stephen's comments, maybe the scenario could
be changed:

 - The local agent has been configured to establish DSAs with
   certain realms automatically, hiding the existence of the DSAs from
   the access device. This scenario requires no additional signaling,
   and in such cases the proxy is no different from an access device.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se> Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 10:38:08 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> The AAA-Server-Cert allows more than one node to be the target of
> a DSA, which is needed for various redundancy and PKI naming schemes.
> This is quite clear from the spec already, so I would propose rejecting
> this issue.

Well, what is quite clear is the alleged necessity of this AVP. What
isn't so clear is the implications of this fact.

First of all, the DSAs aren't actually established between two nodes
but between a node and a realm. This fact will make more complex a
Diameter server:

- The DSA destination node will have to forward the certificate of the
originator to the AAA server that would process subsequent requests
(or maybe this secondary AAA server would have to fetch the
certificate of the originator once it receives a request from it; or
maybe the originator has to include its certificate in all its
messages when they include a digital signature).

- When encrypting AVPs, the originator node will have to maintain a
register of the actual AAA server with which it is communicating,
since it has to choose a specific certificate (or maybe include all
the possible receivers in the ReceiptInfo values). According to the
draft, all the AAA servers may have the same key ("For multiple
Diameter servers within a realm that share a public key" in section
3.2), but that's only a possibility.

BTW, if there's an only AAA server in the realm, its certificate
should be the one included in a CMS-Cert AVP, so that the following
row in section 8.0 is wrong:

   AAA-Server-Certs              | 0   | 1+  | 0   | 0   |

And should be replaced by

   AAA-Server-Certs              | 0   | 0+  | 0   | 0   |

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


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Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> 
> Submitter name: Miguel A. Monjas
> Submitter email address: ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-24
> Reference:
> Document: CMS-02
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 1
> Section:
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:


> Requested change:
> 
> a) Clarifying whether CMS-* (that is, CMS-Signed-Data,
> CMS-Encrypted-Data and CMS-Cert) may be exchanged without an
> established DSA between the peers. If so, introducing a brief
> description of scenarios in which no previous DSA is needed (that is,
> that a node can sign of encrypt AVPs according only to its local
> policy and not to an explicit DSA)

BTW, if it's allowed to include additional "out-of-DSA" signatures, it
will supposed that an appropriate digital signature must be include
and that (it the destination node supports validation checks) the
certificate must be validated (since no TTL is available).

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 10:41:09 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: passive access device in CMS case
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On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 02:48:39PM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > 
> > All,
> > 
> > My co-author and I have recently been chatting about the progression
> > of CMS (or lack thereof :(,
> 
> I'm sorry that you think there's no progression of CMS. IMHO a great
> task of clarification and improvement was being made so that I regret
> you both don't think the same...

Sorry... I should have qualified the progression of getting a spec out, not the
increase in quality :(

> 
> > and had a concern about one of the recent
> > examples that was added to the CMS draft:
> > 
> > "- The access device may have the cryptographic ability to perform
> >    CMS functions locally, but does not request a DSAR to request a DSA.
> >    The local agent, however, has been configured to establish DSAs with
> >    certain realms automatically, hiding the existence of the DSAs from
> >    the access device."
> > 
> > His concern is simply that the above scenario requires no additional
> > signaling, and in such cases the proxy is no different from an access
> > device.
> > 
> > So he would prefer to see this example removed.
> 
> Well, I'm the proponent of such an scenario and I'd like to explain
> the reason I had to suggest it: although it doesn't require any
> additional signalling it is a very likely scenario. Maybe you may
> think that this is only an specification of a Diameter application, so
> that only syntax must be described and that anything that isn't
> forbidden is allowed, but I think that some kind of guidance doesn't
> harm anyone. But it's up to you deciding what must be inside the
> specification.
> 
> However, and according to Stephen's comments, maybe the scenario could
> be changed:
> 
>  - The local agent has been configured to establish DSAs with
>    certain realms automatically, hiding the existence of the DSAs from
>    the access device. This scenario requires no additional signaling,
>    and in such cases the proxy is no different from an access device.

Stephen?

PatC


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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 167: CMS-Cert in AVP Occurence Table
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On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 02:30:33PM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > 
> > All,
> > 
> > THere are cases where a certificate could be omitted from a DSAR (e.g.
> > if two nodes frequently setup DSAs and are under the same
> > jurisdiction). This issue now mandates that the DSA-Request includes
> > this AVP
> 
> Really?
> 
> My original proposal was changing the current row (which is the
> following):
> 
>                                  +-----------------------+
>                                  |      Command-Code     |
>                                  |-----+-----+-----+-----+
>    Attribute Name                | DSAR| DSAA| PDSR| PDSA|
>    ------------------------------|-----+-----+-----+-----+
>    CMS-Cert                      | 0   | 0   | 0   | 0   |
> 
> with this one
> 
>    CMS-Cert                      | 0-1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |

yes, this one is fine.

> 
> After some discussion, it was described that, if a certificate was
> always needed in the DSAR, the row must be:
> 
>    CMS-Cert                      |  1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |

This one is a problem

> 
> But, once Stephen and you has made a decision ("There are cases where
> a certificate could be omitted from a DSAR"), my original proposal
> must be included (that is, the issue must not be rejected, but taken
> in its original way).

correct... thanks for the recap. I think we lost the original proposal.

PatC



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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 180: AAA-Server-Certs
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On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 04:37:06PM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > 
> > All,
> > 
> > The AAA-Server-Cert allows more than one node to be the target of
> > a DSA, which is needed for various redundancy and PKI naming schemes.
> > This is quite clear from the spec already, so I would propose rejecting
> > this issue.
> 
> Well, what is quite clear is the alleged necessity of this AVP. What
> isn't so clear is the implications of this fact.

ok

> 
> First of all, the DSAs aren't actually established between two nodes
> but between a node and a realm. This fact will make more complex a
> Diameter server:
> 
> - The DSA destination node will have to forward the certificate of the
> originator to the AAA server that would process subsequent requests
> (or maybe this secondary AAA server would have to fetch the
> certificate of the originator once it receives a request from it; or
> maybe the originator has to include its certificate in all its
> messages when they include a digital signature).

correct. The server in the dest realm can return the certs of all AAA servers
in its network.

> - When encrypting AVPs, the originator node will have to maintain a
> register of the actual AAA server with which it is communicating,
> since it has to choose a specific certificate (or maybe include all
> the possible receivers in the ReceiptInfo values). According to the
> draft, all the AAA servers may have the same key ("For multiple
> Diameter servers within a realm that share a public key" in section
> 3.2), but that's only a possibility.

sure, but it can maintain a cache of all servers, with the associated
cert.

> BTW, if there's an only AAA server in the realm, its certificate
> should be the one included in a CMS-Cert AVP, so that the following
> row in section 8.0 is wrong:

no, my understanding is that it would be in the AAA-Server-Cert.

>    AAA-Server-Certs              | 0   | 1+  | 0   | 0   |
> 
> And should be replaced by
> 
>    AAA-Server-Certs              | 0   | 0+  | 0   | 0   |

Stephen?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 12:33:30 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 180: AAA-Server-Certs
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > - The DSA destination node will have to forward the certificate of the
> > originator to the AAA server that would process subsequent requests
> > (or maybe this secondary AAA server would have to fetch the
> > certificate of the originator once it receives a request from it; or
> > maybe the originator has to include its certificate in all its
> > messages when they include a digital signature).
> 
> correct. The server in the dest realm can return the certs of all AAA servers
> in its network.

Well, I'm not actually talking about the destination server sending
the certificates of the AAA servers (using the AAA-Server-Certs AVP)
but about the way in which the destination node of the DSA forwards
the certificate of the originator.

As far as I understand, a DSA is established with one of the AAA
servers of the destination realm. This server includes its certificate
(and the certificates of the rest of AAA servers in the realm) in a
AAA-Server-Certs AVP. As the DSAR coming from the DSA originator may
include its certificate, this one would be available only for the
destination node of the DSA (but not for the rest of AAA servers of
the realm). Unless this certificate is available for such servers, the
DSA originator will always have to include its certificate any
Diameter message that contains a digital signature. Otherwise, the
protocol itself will have to specify that the actual destination node
of the DSA must "publish" this certificate in a repository or forward
this certificate to the rest of AAA servers of the realm (acording to
the specification itself, it's not allowed to push certificates
without establishing a DSA).

Besides, the destination node has to forward also the agreed TTL to
inform the rest of AAA servers about when they would have to
re-validate the certificates, hasn't it? (as well as the information
regarding the AVPs that must be signed or encrypted). Some kind of
proxy? 

Unless I'm missing anything, I reckon that the way in which
AAA-Server-Cerst is intended to work is a little bit difficult to
implement. I'd like some clarification about this point.

> > - When encrypting AVPs, the originator node will have to maintain a
> > register of the actual AAA server with which it is communicating,
> > since it has to choose a specific certificate (or maybe include all
> > the possible receivers in the ReceiptInfo values). According to the
> > draft, all the AAA servers may have the same key ("For multiple
> > Diameter servers within a realm that share a public key" in section
> > 3.2), but that's only a possibility.
> 
> sure, but it can maintain a cache of all servers, with the associated
> cert.

Yes, of course, but as determinating with which AAA server it is
actually communicating can be a hard task, it will always encrypt the
CEK of a CMS-Encrypted-Data APV for ALL the AAA servers of the realm
(whose certs it's got, of course)

> > BTW, if there's an only AAA server in the realm, its certificate
> > should be the one included in a CMS-Cert AVP, so that the following
> > row in section 8.0 is wrong:
> 
> no, my understanding is that it would be in the AAA-Server-Cert.

OK. I've checked it again and you're right. My fault...

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 13:21:15 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 167: CMS-Cert in AVP Occurence Table
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> >    CMS-Cert                      | 0-1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |
> 
> yes, this one is fine.

Sorry, but now I'm not certain of this suggestion. In one of the
answers to issue 180, you've said (when I was suggesting that it may
happen that AAA-Server-Certs wouldn't be present in a DSAA) that you
thought that AAA-Server-Certs would include the certificate of the AAA
server signing the DSAA, so that no CMS-Cert is needed here. Which is
the right answer to this problem?

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 18:02:02 2001
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From: David Frascone <dave@frascone.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Section 5.6.3
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Is there a difference between the actions Reject and Disc?


-Dave


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 18:23:10 2001
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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'David Frascone'" <dave@frascone.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Section 5.6.3
Date: Mon, 24 Sep 2001 17:22:48 -0500
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My understanding is that Reject is only used on incoming connections after checking the CER.  However, it seems that in practice the implementations of both actions would be identical/very similar.  It's probable that you might not yet be keeping state when you Reject a connection, though (so there would be less resource-freeing involved).

-Brian

> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Frascone [mailto:dave@frascone.com]
> Sent: Monday, September 24, 2001 5:15 PM
> To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: [AAA-WG]: Section 5.6.3
> 
> 
> Is there a difference between the actions Reject and Disc?
> 
> 
> -Dave


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 20:02:39 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
Cc: "'David Frascone'" <dave@frascone.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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In-Reply-To: <35DBB8B7AC89D4118E98009027B1009B0ED01E@IL27EXM10.cig.mot.com>; from Brian.Cain@motorola.com on Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 05:22:48PM -0500
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Also, it provides you with additional logging information, since the reason for
a reject is different from a simple disc.

PatC

On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 05:22:48PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> My understanding is that Reject is only used on incoming connections after checking the CER.  However, it seems that in practice the implementations of both actions would be identical/very similar.  It's probable that you might not yet be keeping state when you Reject a connection, though (so there would be less resource-freeing involved).
> 
> -Brian
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: David Frascone [mailto:dave@frascone.com]
> > Sent: Monday, September 24, 2001 5:15 PM
> > To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> > Subject: [AAA-WG]: Section 5.6.3
> > 
> > 
> > Is there a difference between the actions Reject and Disc?
> > 
> > 
> > -Dave


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 20:15:57 2001
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Date: Mon, 24 Sep 2001 17:06:58 -0700 (PDT)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Proposed resolution of issue #173
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This issue related to differences in the failover algorithm between
diameter-07 and transport-04. 

The proposed solution is to include failover text in only one place, the
transport draft. Diameter base will reference that text. 

Of course, there is then the issue of what the text should be. A proposal
for the next text of section 3.2 of transport -05 is included below. This
proposal contains a single timer, Tw. 

Please send comments to the list. 

------------------------------------------------------------------

3.2  Application layer watchdog

In  order  to  enable  AAA  implementations  to more quickly
detect transport and application-layer failures, AAA  proto­
cols MUST support an application layer watchdog message.

The application layer watchdog message enables failover from
a server that has failed either because it is unreachable or
because its applications functions have failed. This is dis­
tinct from the purpose of the SCTP heartbeat,  which  is  to
enable  failover  between interfaces. The SCTP heartbeat may
enable a failover to another path to reach the same  server,
but does not adress the situation where the server system or
the application service has failed.  Therefore  both  mecha­
nisms MAY be used together.

The  watchdog  is  used  in  order to enable a AAA client or
agent to determine when to resend on another connection.  It
operates  on all open connections and is used to suspend and
eventually close connections that are experiencing difficul­
ties. The watchdog is also used to re-open and validate con­
nections that have returned to health.  The watchdog may  be
utilized  either  within primary/secondary or load balancing
configurations.  However, it is not intended  as  a  cluster
heartbeat mechanism comparable to that proposed in [31].

3.2.1.  Algorithm overview

The  watchdog behavior is controlled by an algorithm defined
in this section. Implementations SHOULD implement this 
algorithm, which operates as follows:

[1]  Watchdog behavior is controlled by a single timer (Tw).
     The default value of Tw is 30 seconds. This value was
     selected because it minimizes the probability that
     failover will be initiated due to a routing flap,
     as noted in [Paxson]. 

     While Tw MAY be set as low as 6 seconds (not including
     jitter), it MUST NOT set lower than this. Note that
     setting such a low value of the watchdog timer is
     likely to result in an increased probability of
     duplicates, as well as an increase in spurious
     failover and failback attempts. 

     In order to avoid synchronization behaviors that can 
     occur with fixed timers among distributed systems, each
     time the watchdog interval is calculated with a jitter
     by using the Tw value and randomly adding a value drawn
     between -2 and 2 seconds. Alternative calculations to 
     create jitter MAY be used. These MUST be pseudo-random
     and not cyclic. 

[2]  When a response is received, Tw is reset.  Receiving  a
     watchdog  from  a  peer  constitutes  activity,  and Tw
     should be reset.  On sending a  message,  if  the  send
     queue is empty, then Tw is reset. If the watchdog timer
     expires and the send queue is empty,  then  a  watchdog
     packet  is sent. Watchdog packets are not retransmitted
     by the AAA protocol, since AAA protocols run over reli­
     able  transports  that  will handle all retransmissions
     internally.

     If the watchdog timer expires and the send queue is not
     empty,  then  failover is initiated. The AAA client MAY
     resend the request to an alternate server, reusing  the
     end-to-end  identifier so as to permit duplicate detec­
     tion. However, the client MUST NOT  close  the  primary
     connection  until  the  primary's  watchdog  timer  has
     expired twice without a response (note that the  watch­
     dog  is not sent a second time, however). Once the pri­
     mary connection has  failed,  subsequent  requests  are
     sent  to  the alternate server until the watchdog timer
     on the primary connection is reset.

     Suspension of the primary connection prevents  flapping
     between  primary and alternate connections, and ensures
     that failover behavior remains consistent.  The  appli­
     cation  may not receive a response to the watchdog mes­
     sage due to a connectivity problem,  in  which  case  a
     transport layer ACK will not have been received, or the
     lack of response may be due to an application  problem.
     Without  transport layer visibility, the application is
     unable to tell the difference, and must behave  conser­
     vatively.

     In  situations where no transport layer ACK is received
     on the primary connection after  multiple  re-transmis­
     sions, the RTO will be exponentially backed off. Due to
     Karn's algorithm as implemented SCTP and TCP,  the  RTO
     estimator  will  not  be  reset  until  another  ACK is
     received in response to a  non-re-transmitted  request.
     Thus,  in  cases where the problem occurs at the trans­
     port layer, after the client fails over to  the  alter­
     nate  server,  the  RTO of the primary will remain at a
     high value unless an ACK is  received  on  the  primary
     connection.

     In  the  case where the problem occurs at the transport
     layer, subsequent requests sent on the primary  connec­
     tion  will  not  receive the same service as was origi­
     nally provided. For example, instead of failover occur­
     ing after 3 retransmissions, failover might occur with­
     out even a single retransmission if RTO has been suffi­
     ciently  backed off. Of course, if the lack of a watch­
     dog response was due to an application  layer  problem,
     then  RTO will not have been backed off. However, with­
     out transport layer visibility, there is no way for the
     application to know this.

     Suspending  use  of  the  primary  connection  until  a
     response is received to a watchdog  message  guarantees
     that the RTO timer will have been reset before the pri­
     mary connection is reused. If no response  is  received
     after  the  second Tw expiration, then the primary con­
     nection is closed and so the suspension becomes  perma­
     nent.


[3]  After the the expiration of two watchdog timers without
     a response, the AAA client  SHOULD  cause  a  transport
     reset or close to be done on the connection.  While the
     connection is in the closed state, the AAA client  MUST
     NOT  attempt  to  send further watchdog messages on the
     connection. However, after the  connection  is  closed,
     the AAA client continues to periodically attempt to re-
     open the connection.  The AAA client  SHOULD  wait  for
     the transport layer to report connection failure before
     attempting again, but MAY choose  to  bound  this  wait
     time by the watchdog interval, Tw. If the connection is
     successfully opened, then the watchdog message is sent.
     Once   three  watchdog  messages  have  been  sent  and
     responded to, the connection is  returned  to  service,
     and  transactions  are once again sent over it. Connec­
     tion validation via receipt of  multiple  watchdogs  is
     not  required when a connection is initially brought up
     -- in this case, the connection can immediately be  put
     into service.

     When  using SCTP as a transport, it is not necessary to
     disable SCTP's transport-layer heartbeats.  However  If
     AAA  implementations  have  access  to SCTP's heartbeat
     parameters, they MAY chose to ensure that SCTP's heart­
     beat  interval is longer than the AAA protocol's watch­
     dog interval, Tw.  This will ensure both that alternate
     paths  are still probed by SCTP, while the primary path
     has a minumum of heartbeat redundancy.

In the event that a transport failure  is  detected  with  a
peer, it is necessary for all pending request messages to be
forwarded to an alternate agent, if possible. This  is  com­
monly referred to as failover.

In  order for a AAA client or agent to perform failover pro­
cedures, it is necessary to maintain a pending message queue
for  a  given  peer. When an answer message is received, the
corresponding request is removed from the queue. The Hop-by-
Hop  Identifier  field  MAY be used to match the answer with
the queued request.

When a transport failure is detected, all  messages  in  the
queue are sent to an alternate agent, if possible.  Multiple
identical requests or answers MAY be received as a result of
a  failover. The combination of an end-to-end identifier and
the origin host MUST be used to identify duplicate messages.

3.2.2.  Detailed algorithm description

In this section, we will refer to a memory control structure
that contains all information regarding a specific peer as a
Peer Control Block, or PCB.

For  the  purposes  of  illustrating the algorithm, each PCB
contains the following fields:

      Status  - This field represents the level of confidence in the
                algorithm. The following values are defined:

                  OKAY:       The connection is up
                  SUSPECT:    Failover has been initiated on the connection.
                  DOWN:       Connection has been closed.
                  REOPEN:     Attempting to reopen a connection

      Pending - This boolean field is set to TRUE when there are no
                outstanding unanswered requests.

T is the watchdog timer, measured in seconds. Every  second,
T  is  decremented.  When  it reaches 0, the OnTimerElapsed
event (see below) is invoked.

Pseudo-code for the algorithm is as follows:

/*

Here is the Failover state machine:

States:
  OKAY:       The connection is up
  SUSPECT:    Failover has been initiated on the connection.
  DOWN:       Connection has been closed.
  REOPEN:     Attempting to reopen a closed connection
  Pending:    Set to TRUE if there are outstanding unanswered requests
  T:          Watchdog timer value

STATE         Event                New State         Actions
=====         =====                =========         =======
OKAY          Send &               OKAY              SetWatchDog()
              !Pending
OKAY          Send &
              Pending              OKAY
SUSPECT       Send                 ERROR             Error()
DOWN          Send                 ERROR             Error()
OKAY          Receive              OKAY              SetWatchDog()
SUSPECT       Receive              OKAY              Failback()
                                                     SetWatchDog()
DOWN          Receive              DOWN              Throwaway()
OKAY          Timer expires &      OKAY              SendWatchdog()
              !Pending
OKAY          Timer expires &      SUSPECT           FailOver()
              Pending                                SetWatchdog()
SUSPECT       Timer expires        DOWN              Close Connection
                                                     SetWatchdog()
DOWN          Timer expires        REOPEN            AttemptOpen()
                                                     SetWatchdog()
REOPEN        Timer expires        REOPEN            SetWatchdog()
REOPEN        Connection up        SUSPECT           SendWatchdog()
OKAY          Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
SUSPECT       Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
REOPEN        Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
DOWN          Connection down      ERROR             Error()
*/


/* SetWatchdog() is called in order to set the Watchdog
   timer, measured in seconds. The default value of
   TWINIT is 30 seconds. A random value between
   -2 and 2 seconds is added to the timer to provide jitter.
*/

SetWatchdog()
{
    return (TWINIT -2.0 + 4.0 * random()) ;
}


/*
 OnReceive() is called whenever a message
 is received from the peer. This message MAY
 be a request or an answer, and can include
 DWR and DWA messages.
*/
OnReceive(pcb)
{
   switch (pcb->Status){
   case OKAY:
        T = SetWatchdog();
        break;
   case SUSPECT:
        pcb->Status = OKAY;
        T = SetWatchdog();
        Failback();
        break;
   case REOPEN:
        pcb->Status = SUSPECT;
        T = SetWatchdog();
        break;
   case DOWN:
        Throwaway(received packet);
        break;
   default:
        Error("Shouldn't be here!");
        break;
   }
}


/*
OnSendRequest() is called after a request is sent to
the peer.
[Issue: Should this be called whenever any message is
sent to the peer?]
*/
OnSendRequest(pcb)
{
   switch (pcb->Status){
   case OKAY:
        if (!Pending) T = SetWatchdog();
        break;
   default:
        error("Shouldn't be here!");
        break;
   }
}


/*
OnTimerElapsed() is called whenever T reaches zero (0).
*/
OnTimerElapsed(pcb)
{
    switch (pcb->status){
       case OKAY:
          if (!Pending) {
             SendWatchdog(pbc);
             break;
             }
          pcb->status = SUSPECT;
          FailOver(pcb);
          break ;
       case SUSPECT:
          pcb->status = DOWN;
          CloseConnection(pcb);
          OpenAttempt = FALSE;
          T = SetWatchdog();
          break;
       case DOWN:
          if (!OpenAttempt) {
             OpenAttempt = TRUE;
             AttemptOpen(pcb);
             break; 
          }
          break;
       default:
          error("Shouldn't be here!);
          break;
       }
}

/*
OnConnectionUp() is called whenever a connection comes up
*/
OnConnectionUp(pcb)
{
    switch (pcb->status){
       case DOWN
          pcb->status = REOPEN;
          SendWatchdog();
          break;
       default:
          error("Shouldn't be here!);
          break;
       }
}

/*
OnConnectionDown() is called whenever a connection goes down
*/
OnConnectionDown(pcb)
{
    switch (pcb->status){
       case OK:
          pcb->status = DOWN;
          T=SetWatchdog();
          break;
       case SUSPECT:
          pcb->status = DOWN;
          T=SetWatchdog();
          break;
       case REOPEN:
          pcb->status = DOWN;
          T=SetWatchdog();
          break;
       default:
          error("Shouldn't be here!);
          break;
       }
}




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 20:33:35 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Miguel_=C1ngel_Monjas_Llorente?= <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 167: CMS-Cert in AVP Occurence Table
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On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 07:21:20PM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > 
> > >    CMS-Cert                      | 0-1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |
> > 
> > yes, this one is fine.
> 
> Sorry, but now I'm not certain of this suggestion. In one of the
> answers to issue 180, you've said (when I was suggesting that it may
> happen that AAA-Server-Certs wouldn't be present in a DSAA) that you
> thought that AAA-Server-Certs would include the certificate of the AAA
> server signing the DSAA, so that no CMS-Cert is needed here. Which is
> the right answer to this problem?

The AVP isn't required to send AAA server certs, but you may want to send
other certs (e.g. top level CA cert).

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Sep 24 22:22:07 2001
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From: David Frascone <dave@frascone.com>
To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>,
        "'David Frascone'" <dave@frascone.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Section 5.6.3
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Gotcha.  Thanks.

-Dave

On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 04:48:32PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> Also, it provides you with additional logging information, since the reason for
> a reject is different from a simple disc.
> 
> PatC
> 
> On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 05:22:48PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> > My understanding is that Reject is only used on incoming connections after checking the CER.  However, it seems that in practice the implementations of both actions would be identical/very similar.  It's probable that you might not yet be keeping state when you Reject a connection, though (so there would be less resource-freeing involved).
> > 
> > -Brian
> > 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: David Frascone [mailto:dave@frascone.com]
> > > Sent: Monday, September 24, 2001 5:15 PM
> > > To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> > > Subject: [AAA-WG]: Section 5.6.3
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Is there a difference between the actions Reject and Disc?
> > > 
> > > 
> > > -Dave
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 25 03:50:12 2001
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From: Miguel =?iso-8859-1?Q?=C1ngel?= Monjas Llorente <ecemaml@rioja.es.eu.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 167: CMS-Cert in AVP Occurence Table
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Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> 
> Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >
> > >    CMS-Cert                      | 0-1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |
> >
> > yes, this one is fine.
> 
> Sorry, but now I'm not certain of this suggestion. In one of the
> answers to issue 180, you've said (when I was suggesting that it may
> happen that AAA-Server-Certs wouldn't be present in a DSAA) that you
> thought that AAA-Server-Certs would include the certificate of the AAA
> server signing the DSAA, so that no CMS-Cert is needed here. Which is
> the right answer to this problem?

Well, sometimes I'm not the most clever man.... I've rethinking the
anwser above and is quite wrong. This issue was intended to fix an
alleged error in DSA-R (not in DSA-A in which AAA-Server-Certs must be
placed). Please drop this mail...

Regards

  // M.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 25 10:03:23 2001
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> On Mon, Sep 24, 2001 at 07:21:20PM +0200, Miguel Ángel Monjas Llorente wrote:
> > Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >
> > > >    CMS-Cert                      | 0-1 | 0   | 0   | 0   |
> > >
> > > yes, this one is fine.
> >
> > Sorry, but now I'm not certain of this suggestion. In one of the
> > answers to issue 180, you've said (when I was suggesting that it may
> > happen that AAA-Server-Certs wouldn't be present in a DSAA) that you
> > thought that AAA-Server-Certs would include the certificate of the AAA
> > server signing the DSAA, so that no CMS-Cert is needed here. Which is
> > the right answer to this problem?
> 
> The AVP isn't required to send AAA server certs, but you may want to send
> other certs (e.g. top level CA cert).

You needn't do that. The top level CA certificate should be one of the
"direct trust" certificates that the originator of the DSA listed in
the DSA-Request (Local-CA-Info) so that no top level certificate is
needed in the DSA-Answer but only the certificates included in
AAA-Server-Certs and the ones of the CA-Chain.

Regards

  // M.A.

-- 
  Miguel Angel Monjas Llorente
  Systems Engineer, GSM/UMTS Systems Management
  Ericsson España, S.A. (EEM) UMTS/GSM Databases
  Tel: +34 91 3393605                 Mob: +34 629 570196
  <mailto:ecemaml@rioja.ericsson.se>  Fax: +34 91 3392538
  Ombú 3, 10th. 28045 Madrid - SPAIN -


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 25 12:42:31 2001
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From: Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 <panos.thomas@motorola.com>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Decouple authorization and key generation
Date: Tue, 25 Sep 2001 11:42:05 -0500
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Submitter name: Panos Thomas
Submitter email address: Panos.Thomas@motorola.com
Date first submitted: 9/25/01
Reference: N/A
Document: draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-07.txt
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 5.0
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

 3rd paragraph in Section 5.0:

 "The Authorization-Lifetime AVP contains the number of seconds
  before registration keys destined for the Home Agent and/or
  Foreign Agent expire. A value of zero indicates infinity (no
  timeout)."

Tying the Authorization-Lifetime and the key lifetimes couples
authorization and key generation. It may be desirable to allow
AAAH to set key lifetimes to any value (e.g. to a multiple of
the Authorization-Lifetime), so that it doesn't have to generate
new keys every time it re-authorizes the user.

Requested change: 

Remove the 3rd paragraph in Section 5.0 and add a MIP-Lifetime
AVP to the MIP-XX-to-XX-Key AVPs in Sections 6.1 - 6.6. 

-Panos


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 25 16:17:49 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Proposed resolution of issue #173
Date: Tue, 25 Sep 2001 22:17:15 +0200
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do we really need a new draft that we'll be dependent on? We already have
three drafts as it is today. Why not make the transport draft an
informational draft and keep all necessary information about diameter
specific transport mechanisms in the base draft

my 2c
/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
>Bernard Aboba
>Sent: den 25 september 2001 02:07
>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: [AAA-WG]: Proposed resolution of issue #173
>
>
>This issue related to differences in the failover algorithm between
>diameter-07 and transport-04.
>
>The proposed solution is to include failover text in only one place, the
>transport draft. Diameter base will reference that text.
>
>Of course, there is then the issue of what the text should be. A proposal
>for the next text of section 3.2 of transport -05 is included below. This
>proposal contains a single timer, Tw.
>
>Please send comments to the list.
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>3.2  Application layer watchdog
>
>In  order  to  enable  AAA  implementations  to more quickly
>detect transport and application-layer failures, AAA  proto­
>cols MUST support an application layer watchdog message.
>
>The application layer watchdog message enables failover from
>a server that has failed either because it is unreachable or
>because its applications functions have failed. This is dis­
>tinct from the purpose of the SCTP heartbeat,  which  is  to
>enable  failover  between interfaces. The SCTP heartbeat may
>enable a failover to another path to reach the same  server,
>but does not adress the situation where the server system or
>the application service has failed.  Therefore  both  mecha­
>nisms MAY be used together.
>
>The  watchdog  is  used  in  order to enable a AAA client or
>agent to determine when to resend on another connection.  It
>operates  on all open connections and is used to suspend and
>eventually close connections that are experiencing difficul­
>ties. The watchdog is also used to re-open and validate con­
>nections that have returned to health.  The watchdog may  be
>utilized  either  within primary/secondary or load balancing
>configurations.  However, it is not intended  as  a  cluster
>heartbeat mechanism comparable to that proposed in [31].
>
>3.2.1.  Algorithm overview
>
>The  watchdog behavior is controlled by an algorithm defined
>in this section. Implementations SHOULD implement this
>algorithm, which operates as follows:
>
>[1]  Watchdog behavior is controlled by a single timer (Tw).
>     The default value of Tw is 30 seconds. This value was
>     selected because it minimizes the probability that
>     failover will be initiated due to a routing flap,
>     as noted in [Paxson].
>
>     While Tw MAY be set as low as 6 seconds (not including
>     jitter), it MUST NOT set lower than this. Note that
>     setting such a low value of the watchdog timer is
>     likely to result in an increased probability of
>     duplicates, as well as an increase in spurious
>     failover and failback attempts.
>
>     In order to avoid synchronization behaviors that can
>     occur with fixed timers among distributed systems, each
>     time the watchdog interval is calculated with a jitter
>     by using the Tw value and randomly adding a value drawn
>     between -2 and 2 seconds. Alternative calculations to
>     create jitter MAY be used. These MUST be pseudo-random
>     and not cyclic.
>
>[2]  When a response is received, Tw is reset.  Receiving  a
>     watchdog  from  a  peer  constitutes  activity,  and Tw
>     should be reset.  On sending a  message,  if  the  send
>     queue is empty, then Tw is reset. If the watchdog timer
>     expires and the send queue is empty,  then  a  watchdog
>     packet  is sent. Watchdog packets are not retransmitted
>     by the AAA protocol, since AAA protocols run over reli­
>     able  transports  that  will handle all retransmissions
>     internally.
>
>     If the watchdog timer expires and the send queue is not
>     empty,  then  failover is initiated. The AAA client MAY
>     resend the request to an alternate server, reusing  the
>     end-to-end  identifier so as to permit duplicate detec­
>     tion. However, the client MUST NOT  close  the  primary
>     connection  until  the  primary's  watchdog  timer  has
>     expired twice without a response (note that the  watch­
>     dog  is not sent a second time, however). Once the pri­
>     mary connection has  failed,  subsequent  requests  are
>     sent  to  the alternate server until the watchdog timer
>     on the primary connection is reset.
>
>     Suspension of the primary connection prevents  flapping
>     between  primary and alternate connections, and ensures
>     that failover behavior remains consistent.  The  appli­
>     cation  may not receive a response to the watchdog mes­
>     sage due to a connectivity problem,  in  which  case  a
>     transport layer ACK will not have been received, or the
>     lack of response may be due to an application  problem.
>     Without  transport layer visibility, the application is
>     unable to tell the difference, and must behave  conser­
>     vatively.
>
>     In  situations where no transport layer ACK is received
>     on the primary connection after  multiple  re-transmis­
>     sions, the RTO will be exponentially backed off. Due to
>     Karn's algorithm as implemented SCTP and TCP,  the  RTO
>     estimator  will  not  be  reset  until  another  ACK is
>     received in response to a  non-re-transmitted  request.
>     Thus,  in  cases where the problem occurs at the trans­
>     port layer, after the client fails over to  the  alter­
>     nate  server,  the  RTO of the primary will remain at a
>     high value unless an ACK is  received  on  the  primary
>     connection.
>
>     In  the  case where the problem occurs at the transport
>     layer, subsequent requests sent on the primary  connec­
>     tion  will  not  receive the same service as was origi­
>     nally provided. For example, instead of failover occur­
>     ing after 3 retransmissions, failover might occur with­
>     out even a single retransmission if RTO has been suffi­
>     ciently  backed off. Of course, if the lack of a watch­
>     dog response was due to an application  layer  problem,
>     then  RTO will not have been backed off. However, with­
>     out transport layer visibility, there is no way for the
>     application to know this.
>
>     Suspending  use  of  the  primary  connection  until  a
>     response is received to a watchdog  message  guarantees
>     that the RTO timer will have been reset before the pri­
>     mary connection is reused. If no response  is  received
>     after  the  second Tw expiration, then the primary con­
>     nection is closed and so the suspension becomes  perma­
>     nent.
>
>
>[3]  After the the expiration of two watchdog timers without
>     a response, the AAA client  SHOULD  cause  a  transport
>     reset or close to be done on the connection.  While the
>     connection is in the closed state, the AAA client  MUST
>     NOT  attempt  to  send further watchdog messages on the
>     connection. However, after the  connection  is  closed,
>     the AAA client continues to periodically attempt to re-
>     open the connection.  The AAA client  SHOULD  wait  for
>     the transport layer to report connection failure before
>     attempting again, but MAY choose  to  bound  this  wait
>     time by the watchdog interval, Tw. If the connection is
>     successfully opened, then the watchdog message is sent.
>     Once   three  watchdog  messages  have  been  sent  and
>     responded to, the connection is  returned  to  service,
>     and  transactions  are once again sent over it. Connec­
>     tion validation via receipt of  multiple  watchdogs  is
>     not  required when a connection is initially brought up
>     -- in this case, the connection can immediately be  put
>     into service.
>
>     When  using SCTP as a transport, it is not necessary to
>     disable SCTP's transport-layer heartbeats.  However  If
>     AAA  implementations  have  access  to SCTP's heartbeat
>     parameters, they MAY chose to ensure that SCTP's heart­
>     beat  interval is longer than the AAA protocol's watch­
>     dog interval, Tw.  This will ensure both that alternate
>     paths  are still probed by SCTP, while the primary path
>     has a minumum of heartbeat redundancy.
>
>In the event that a transport failure  is  detected  with  a
>peer, it is necessary for all pending request messages to be
>forwarded to an alternate agent, if possible. This  is  com­
>monly referred to as failover.
>
>In  order for a AAA client or agent to perform failover pro­
>cedures, it is necessary to maintain a pending message queue
>for  a  given  peer. When an answer message is received, the
>corresponding request is removed from the queue. The Hop-by-
>Hop  Identifier  field  MAY be used to match the answer with
>the queued request.
>
>When a transport failure is detected, all  messages  in  the
>queue are sent to an alternate agent, if possible.  Multiple
>identical requests or answers MAY be received as a result of
>a  failover. The combination of an end-to-end identifier and
>the origin host MUST be used to identify duplicate messages.
>
>3.2.2.  Detailed algorithm description
>
>In this section, we will refer to a memory control structure
>that contains all information regarding a specific peer as a
>Peer Control Block, or PCB.
>
>For  the  purposes  of  illustrating the algorithm, each PCB
>contains the following fields:
>
>      Status  - This field represents the level of confidence in the
>                algorithm. The following values are defined:
>
>                  OKAY:       The connection is up
>                  SUSPECT:    Failover has been initiated on the
>connection.
>                  DOWN:       Connection has been closed.
>                  REOPEN:     Attempting to reopen a connection
>
>      Pending - This boolean field is set to TRUE when there are no
>                outstanding unanswered requests.
>
>T is the watchdog timer, measured in seconds. Every  second,
>T  is  decremented.  When  it reaches 0, the OnTimerElapsed
>event (see below) is invoked.
>
>Pseudo-code for the algorithm is as follows:
>
>/*
>
>Here is the Failover state machine:
>
>States:
>  OKAY:       The connection is up
>  SUSPECT:    Failover has been initiated on the connection.
>  DOWN:       Connection has been closed.
>  REOPEN:     Attempting to reopen a closed connection
>  Pending:    Set to TRUE if there are outstanding unanswered requests
>  T:          Watchdog timer value
>
>STATE         Event                New State         Actions
>=====         =====                =========         =======
>OKAY          Send &               OKAY              SetWatchDog()
>              !Pending
>OKAY          Send &
>              Pending              OKAY
>SUSPECT       Send                 ERROR             Error()
>DOWN          Send                 ERROR             Error()
>OKAY          Receive              OKAY              SetWatchDog()
>SUSPECT       Receive              OKAY              Failback()
>                                                     SetWatchDog()
>DOWN          Receive              DOWN              Throwaway()
>OKAY          Timer expires &      OKAY              SendWatchdog()
>              !Pending
>OKAY          Timer expires &      SUSPECT           FailOver()
>              Pending                                SetWatchdog()
>SUSPECT       Timer expires        DOWN              Close Connection
>                                                     SetWatchdog()
>DOWN          Timer expires        REOPEN            AttemptOpen()
>                                                     SetWatchdog()
>REOPEN        Timer expires        REOPEN            SetWatchdog()
>REOPEN        Connection up        SUSPECT           SendWatchdog()
>OKAY          Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
>SUSPECT       Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
>REOPEN        Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
>DOWN          Connection down      ERROR             Error()
>*/
>
>
>/* SetWatchdog() is called in order to set the Watchdog
>   timer, measured in seconds. The default value of
>   TWINIT is 30 seconds. A random value between
>   -2 and 2 seconds is added to the timer to provide jitter.
>*/
>
>SetWatchdog()
>{
>    return (TWINIT -2.0 + 4.0 * random()) ;
>}
>
>
>/*
> OnReceive() is called whenever a message
> is received from the peer. This message MAY
> be a request or an answer, and can include
> DWR and DWA messages.
>*/
>OnReceive(pcb)
>{
>   switch (pcb->Status){
>   case OKAY:
>        T = SetWatchdog();
>        break;
>   case SUSPECT:
>        pcb->Status = OKAY;
>        T = SetWatchdog();
>        Failback();
>        break;
>   case REOPEN:
>        pcb->Status = SUSPECT;
>        T = SetWatchdog();
>        break;
>   case DOWN:
>        Throwaway(received packet);
>        break;
>   default:
>        Error("Shouldn't be here!");
>        break;
>   }
>}
>
>
>/*
>OnSendRequest() is called after a request is sent to
>the peer.
>[Issue: Should this be called whenever any message is
>sent to the peer?]
>*/
>OnSendRequest(pcb)
>{
>   switch (pcb->Status){
>   case OKAY:
>        if (!Pending) T = SetWatchdog();
>        break;
>   default:
>        error("Shouldn't be here!");
>        break;
>   }
>}
>
>
>/*
>OnTimerElapsed() is called whenever T reaches zero (0).
>*/
>OnTimerElapsed(pcb)
>{
>    switch (pcb->status){
>       case OKAY:
>          if (!Pending) {
>             SendWatchdog(pbc);
>             break;
>             }
>          pcb->status = SUSPECT;
>          FailOver(pcb);
>          break ;
>       case SUSPECT:
>          pcb->status = DOWN;
>          CloseConnection(pcb);
>          OpenAttempt = FALSE;
>          T = SetWatchdog();
>          break;
>       case DOWN:
>          if (!OpenAttempt) {
>             OpenAttempt = TRUE;
>             AttemptOpen(pcb);
>             break;
>          }
>          break;
>       default:
>          error("Shouldn't be here!);
>          break;
>       }
>}
>
>/*
>OnConnectionUp() is called whenever a connection comes up
>*/
>OnConnectionUp(pcb)
>{
>    switch (pcb->status){
>       case DOWN
>          pcb->status = REOPEN;
>          SendWatchdog();
>          break;
>       default:
>          error("Shouldn't be here!);
>          break;
>       }
>}
>
>/*
>OnConnectionDown() is called whenever a connection goes down
>*/
>OnConnectionDown(pcb)
>{
>    switch (pcb->status){
>       case OK:
>          pcb->status = DOWN;
>          T=SetWatchdog();
>          break;
>       case SUSPECT:
>          pcb->status = DOWN;
>          T=SetWatchdog();
>          break;
>       case REOPEN:
>          pcb->status = DOWN;
>          T=SetWatchdog();
>          break;
>       default:
>          error("Shouldn't be here!);
>          break;
>       }
>}
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 25 17:57:50 2001
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Date: Tue, 25 Sep 2001 14:57:08 -0700
From: Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
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To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Proposed resolution of issue #173
References: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0109241633550.23200-100000@internaut.com>
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Bernard,

So, doing this means that the Diameter Base protocol, the Diameter 
NASREQ application, the Diameter MIPv4 application, the Diameter 
CMS-Security application and the Transport must all be submitted as a 
set to final call. Right? If so, do we really want to spread 
dependencies over yet another draft?

I'm very concerned that this could add on even more delay before we get 
Diameter approved, but I may have misunderstood the intention with this 
proposal.


Regards,

/Tony


Bernard Aboba wrote:

>From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: [AAA-WG]: Proposed resolution of issue #173
>Message-ID: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0109241633550.23200-100000@internaut.com>
>MIME-Version: 1.0
>Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=X-UNKNOWN
>Content-Transfer-Encoding: QUOTED-PRINTABLE
>Sender: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Precedence: bulk
>
>This issue related to differences in the failover algorithm between
>diameter-07 and transport-04.=20
>
>The proposed solution is to include failover text in only one place, the
>transport draft. Diameter base will reference that text.=20
>
>Of course, there is then the issue of what the text should be. A proposal
>for the next text of section 3.2 of transport -05 is included below. This
>proposal contains a single timer, Tw.=20
>
>Please send comments to the list.=20
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>3.2  Application layer watchdog
>
>In  order  to  enable  AAA  implementations  to more quickly
>detect transport and application-layer failures, AAA  proto=AD
>cols MUST support an application layer watchdog message.
>
>The application layer watchdog message enables failover from
>a server that has failed either because it is unreachable or
>because its applications functions have failed. This is dis=AD
>tinct from the purpose of the SCTP heartbeat,  which  is  to
>enable  failover  between interfaces. The SCTP heartbeat may
>enable a failover to another path to reach the same  server,
>but does not adress the situation where the server system or
>the application service has failed.  Therefore  both  mecha=AD
>nisms MAY be used together.
>
>The  watchdog  is  used  in  order to enable a AAA client or
>agent to determine when to resend on another connection.  It
>operates  on all open connections and is used to suspend and
>eventually close connections that are experiencing difficul=AD
>ties. The watchdog is also used to re-open and validate con=AD
>nections that have returned to health.  The watchdog may  be
>utilized  either  within primary/secondary or load balancing
>configurations.  However, it is not intended  as  a  cluster
>heartbeat mechanism comparable to that proposed in [31].
>
>3.2.1.  Algorithm overview
>
>The  watchdog behavior is controlled by an algorithm defined
>in this section. Implementations SHOULD implement this=20
>algorithm, which operates as follows:
>
>[1]  Watchdog behavior is controlled by a single timer (Tw).
>     The default value of Tw is 30 seconds. This value was
>     selected because it minimizes the probability that
>     failover will be initiated due to a routing flap,
>     as noted in [Paxson].=20
>
>     While Tw MAY be set as low as 6 seconds (not including
>     jitter), it MUST NOT set lower than this. Note that
>     setting such a low value of the watchdog timer is
>     likely to result in an increased probability of
>     duplicates, as well as an increase in spurious
>     failover and failback attempts.=20
>
>     In order to avoid synchronization behaviors that can=20
>     occur with fixed timers among distributed systems, each
>     time the watchdog interval is calculated with a jitter
>     by using the Tw value and randomly adding a value drawn
>     between -2 and 2 seconds. Alternative calculations to=20
>     create jitter MAY be used. These MUST be pseudo-random
>     and not cyclic.=20
>
>[2]  When a response is received, Tw is reset.  Receiving  a
>     watchdog  from  a  peer  constitutes  activity,  and Tw
>     should be reset.  On sending a  message,  if  the  send
>     queue is empty, then Tw is reset. If the watchdog timer
>     expires and the send queue is empty,  then  a  watchdog
>     packet  is sent. Watchdog packets are not retransmitted
>     by the AAA protocol, since AAA protocols run over reli=AD
>     able  transports  that  will handle all retransmissions
>     internally.
>
>     If the watchdog timer expires and the send queue is not
>     empty,  then  failover is initiated. The AAA client MAY
>     resend the request to an alternate server, reusing  the
>     end-to-end  identifier so as to permit duplicate detec=AD
>     tion. However, the client MUST NOT  close  the  primary
>     connection  until  the  primary's  watchdog  timer  has
>     expired twice without a response (note that the  watch=AD
>     dog  is not sent a second time, however). Once the pri=AD
>     mary connection has  failed,  subsequent  requests  are
>     sent  to  the alternate server until the watchdog timer
>     on the primary connection is reset.
>
>     Suspension of the primary connection prevents  flapping
>     between  primary and alternate connections, and ensures
>     that failover behavior remains consistent.  The  appli=AD
>     cation  may not receive a response to the watchdog mes=AD
>     sage due to a connectivity problem,  in  which  case  a
>     transport layer ACK will not have been received, or the
>     lack of response may be due to an application  problem.
>     Without  transport layer visibility, the application is
>     unable to tell the difference, and must behave  conser=AD
>     vatively.
>
>     In  situations where no transport layer ACK is received
>     on the primary connection after  multiple  re-transmis=AD
>     sions, the RTO will be exponentially backed off. Due to
>     Karn's algorithm as implemented SCTP and TCP,  the  RTO
>     estimator  will  not  be  reset  until  another  ACK is
>     received in response to a  non-re-transmitted  request.
>     Thus,  in  cases where the problem occurs at the trans=AD
>     port layer, after the client fails over to  the  alter=AD
>     nate  server,  the  RTO of the primary will remain at a
>     high value unless an ACK is  received  on  the  primary
>     connection.
>
>     In  the  case where the problem occurs at the transport
>     layer, subsequent requests sent on the primary  connec=AD
>     tion  will  not  receive the same service as was origi=AD
>     nally provided. For example, instead of failover occur=AD
>     ing after 3 retransmissions, failover might occur with=AD
>     out even a single retransmission if RTO has been suffi=AD
>     ciently  backed off. Of course, if the lack of a watch=AD
>     dog response was due to an application  layer  problem,
>     then  RTO will not have been backed off. However, with=AD
>     out transport layer visibility, there is no way for the
>     application to know this.
>
>     Suspending  use  of  the  primary  connection  until  a
>     response is received to a watchdog  message  guarantees
>     that the RTO timer will have been reset before the pri=AD
>     mary connection is reused. If no response  is  received
>     after  the  second Tw expiration, then the primary con=AD
>     nection is closed and so the suspension becomes  perma=AD
>     nent.
>
>
>[3]  After the the expiration of two watchdog timers without
>     a response, the AAA client  SHOULD  cause  a  transport
>     reset or close to be done on the connection.  While the
>     connection is in the closed state, the AAA client  MUST
>     NOT  attempt  to  send further watchdog messages on the
>     connection. However, after the  connection  is  closed,
>     the AAA client continues to periodically attempt to re-
>     open the connection.  The AAA client  SHOULD  wait  for
>     the transport layer to report connection failure before
>     attempting again, but MAY choose  to  bound  this  wait
>     time by the watchdog interval, Tw. If the connection is
>     successfully opened, then the watchdog message is sent.
>     Once   three  watchdog  messages  have  been  sent  and
>     responded to, the connection is  returned  to  service,
>     and  transactions  are once again sent over it. Connec=AD
>     tion validation via receipt of  multiple  watchdogs  is
>     not  required when a connection is initially brought up
>     -- in this case, the connection can immediately be  put
>     into service.
>
>     When  using SCTP as a transport, it is not necessary to
>     disable SCTP's transport-layer heartbeats.  However  If
>     AAA  implementations  have  access  to SCTP's heartbeat
>     parameters, they MAY chose to ensure that SCTP's heart=AD
>     beat  interval is longer than the AAA protocol's watch=AD
>     dog interval, Tw.  This will ensure both that alternate
>     paths  are still probed by SCTP, while the primary path
>     has a minumum of heartbeat redundancy.
>
>In the event that a transport failure  is  detected  with  a
>peer, it is necessary for all pending request messages to be
>forwarded to an alternate agent, if possible. This  is  com=AD
>monly referred to as failover.
>
>In  order for a AAA client or agent to perform failover pro=AD
>cedures, it is necessary to maintain a pending message queue
>for  a  given  peer. When an answer message is received, the
>corresponding request is removed from the queue. The Hop-by-
>Hop  Identifier  field  MAY be used to match the answer with
>the queued request.
>
>When a transport failure is detected, all  messages  in  the
>queue are sent to an alternate agent, if possible.  Multiple
>identical requests or answers MAY be received as a result of
>a  failover. The combination of an end-to-end identifier and
>the origin host MUST be used to identify duplicate messages.
>
>3.2.2.  Detailed algorithm description
>
>In this section, we will refer to a memory control structure
>that contains all information regarding a specific peer as a
>Peer Control Block, or PCB.
>
>For  the  purposes  of  illustrating the algorithm, each PCB
>contains the following fields:
>
>      Status  - This field represents the level of confidence in the
>                algorithm. The following values are defined:
>
>                  OKAY:       The connection is up
>                  SUSPECT:    Failover has been initiated on the connection=
>=2E
>                  DOWN:       Connection has been closed.
>                  REOPEN:     Attempting to reopen a connection
>
>      Pending - This boolean field is set to TRUE when there are no
>                outstanding unanswered requests.
>
>T is the watchdog timer, measured in seconds. Every  second,
>T  is  decremented.  When  it reaches 0, the OnTimerElapsed
>event (see below) is invoked.
>
>Pseudo-code for the algorithm is as follows:
>
>/*
>
>Here is the Failover state machine:
>
>States:
>  OKAY:       The connection is up
>  SUSPECT:    Failover has been initiated on the connection.
>  DOWN:       Connection has been closed.
>  REOPEN:     Attempting to reopen a closed connection
>  Pending:    Set to TRUE if there are outstanding unanswered requests
>  T:          Watchdog timer value
>
>STATE         Event                New State         Actions
>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D         =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D                =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
>=3D=3D=3D         =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
>OKAY          Send &               OKAY              SetWatchDog()
>              !Pending
>OKAY          Send &
>              Pending              OKAY
>SUSPECT       Send                 ERROR             Error()
>DOWN          Send                 ERROR             Error()
>OKAY          Receive              OKAY              SetWatchDog()
>SUSPECT       Receive              OKAY              Failback()
>                                                     SetWatchDog()
>DOWN          Receive              DOWN              Throwaway()
>OKAY          Timer expires &      OKAY              SendWatchdog()
>              !Pending
>OKAY          Timer expires &      SUSPECT           FailOver()
>              Pending                                SetWatchdog()
>SUSPECT       Timer expires        DOWN              Close Connection
>                                                     SetWatchdog()
>DOWN          Timer expires        REOPEN            AttemptOpen()
>                                                     SetWatchdog()
>REOPEN        Timer expires        REOPEN            SetWatchdog()
>REOPEN        Connection up        SUSPECT           SendWatchdog()
>OKAY          Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
>SUSPECT       Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
>REOPEN        Connection down      DOWN              SetWatchdog()
>DOWN          Connection down      ERROR             Error()
>*/
>
>
>/* SetWatchdog() is called in order to set the Watchdog
>   timer, measured in seconds. The default value of
>   TWINIT is 30 seconds. A random value between
>   -2 and 2 seconds is added to the timer to provide jitter.
>*/
>
>SetWatchdog()
>{
>    return (TWINIT -2.0 + 4.0 * random()) ;
>}
>
>
>/*
> OnReceive() is called whenever a message
> is received from the peer. This message MAY
> be a request or an answer, and can include
> DWR and DWA messages.
>*/
>OnReceive(pcb)
>{
>   switch (pcb->Status){
>   case OKAY:
>        T =3D SetWatchdog();
>        break;
>   case SUSPECT:
>        pcb->Status =3D OKAY;
>        T =3D SetWatchdog();
>        Failback();
>        break;
>   case REOPEN:
>        pcb->Status =3D SUSPECT;
>        T =3D SetWatchdog();
>        break;
>   case DOWN:
>        Throwaway(received packet);
>        break;
>   default:
>        Error("Shouldn't be here!");
>        break;
>   }
>}
>
>
>/*
>OnSendRequest() is called after a request is sent to
>the peer.
>[Issue: Should this be called whenever any message is
>sent to the peer?]
>*/
>OnSendRequest(pcb)
>{
>   switch (pcb->Status){
>   case OKAY:
>        if (!Pending) T =3D SetWatchdog();
>        break;
>   default:
>        error("Shouldn't be here!");
>        break;
>   }
>}
>
>
>/*
>OnTimerElapsed() is called whenever T reaches zero (0).
>*/
>OnTimerElapsed(pcb)
>{
>    switch (pcb->status){
>       case OKAY:
>          if (!Pending) {
>             SendWatchdog(pbc);
>             break;
>             }
>          pcb->status =3D SUSPECT;
>          FailOver(pcb);
>          break ;
>       case SUSPECT:
>          pcb->status =3D DOWN;
>          CloseConnection(pcb);
>          OpenAttempt =3D FALSE;
>          T =3D SetWatchdog();
>          break;
>       case DOWN:
>          if (!OpenAttempt) {
>             OpenAttempt =3D TRUE;
>             AttemptOpen(pcb);
>             break;=20
>          }
>          break;
>       default:
>          error("Shouldn't be here!);
>          break;
>       }
>}
>
>/*
>OnConnectionUp() is called whenever a connection comes up
>*/
>OnConnectionUp(pcb)
>{
>    switch (pcb->status){
>       case DOWN
>          pcb->status =3D REOPEN;
>          SendWatchdog();
>          break;
>       default:
>          error("Shouldn't be here!);
>          break;
>       }
>}
>
>/*
>OnConnectionDown() is called whenever a connection goes down
>*/
>OnConnectionDown(pcb)
>{
>    switch (pcb->status){
>       case OK:
>          pcb->status =3D DOWN;
>          T=3DSetWatchdog();
>          break;
>       case SUSPECT:
>          pcb->status =3D DOWN;
>          T=3DSetWatchdog();
>          break;
>       case REOPEN:
>          pcb->status =3D DOWN;
>          T=3DSetWatchdog();
>          break;
>       default:
>          error("Shouldn't be here!);
>          break;
>       }
>}
>
>
>
>
>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Sep 25 19:47:13 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Proposed resolution of issue #173
In-Reply-To: <3BB0FDB4.2020908@ericsson.com>
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> So, doing this means that the Diameter Base protocol, the Diameter 
> NASREQ application, the Diameter MIPv4 application, the Diameter 
> CMS-Security application and the Transport must all be submitted as a 
> set to final call. 

The IESG has already indicated that this was required anyway. 
All of these drafts will go to the IESG as a unit. 

In any case, I'd worry less about where the algorithm ends up (this can be
changed with a cut and paste), than whether it makes sense. 





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep 26 14:58:22 2001
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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] AVP data type mismatch in Section 4.6 of base -07
Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 14:58:39 -0400
Message-ID: <NBBBJKOFCKFJAGNDGPPPMELLCJAA.mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
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Submitter name: Mark Jones
Submitter email address: mjones@bridgewatersystems.com
Date first submitted: 2001-09-26
Reference:
Document: base -07
Comment type: E
Priority: 'S'
Section: 4.6

Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Some of the data types listed in the AVP table in section 4.6 do not match
those in the AVP description elsewhere in the draft.

Request change:

The AVP data types in section 4.6 should be corrected as follows:

Accounting-Multi-Session-Id 	OctetString	-> UTF8String
Accounting-Session-Id 		OctetString	-> UTF8String
Acct-Application-Id		Integer32	-> Unsigned32
Alternate-Peer			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
Acct-Application-Id		Integer32	-> Unsigned32
Destination-Host 			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
Destination-Realm			OctetString	-> UTF8String
Error-Message			OctetString	-> UTF8String
Error-Reporting-Host		OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
Origin-Host				OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
Origin-Realm			OctetString	-> UTF8String
Product-Name			OctetString	-> UTF8String
Proxy-Host				IPAddress	-> DiameterIdentity
Redirect-Host			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
Route-Record			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
Session-Id				OctetString	-> UTF8String
Source-Route			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity

Regards,
       Mark



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep 26 15:20:57 2001
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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] AVP data type mismatch in Section 4.6 of base -07
Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 15:22:04 -0400
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Apologies, please ignore this issue. It is a duplicate of issue 103 by Dave
Frascone.

Regards,
       Mark

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
> Mark Jones
> Sent: September 26, 2001 2:59 PM
> To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] AVP data type mismatch in Section 4.6 of base
> -07
>
>
> Submitter name: Mark Jones
> Submitter email address: mjones@bridgewatersystems.com
> Date first submitted: 2001-09-26
> Reference:
> Document: base -07
> Comment type: E
> Priority: 'S'
> Section: 4.6
>
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>
> Some of the data types listed in the AVP table in section 4.6 do not match
> those in the AVP description elsewhere in the draft.
>
> Request change:
>
> The AVP data types in section 4.6 should be corrected as follows:
>
> Accounting-Multi-Session-Id 	OctetString	-> UTF8String
> Accounting-Session-Id 		OctetString	-> UTF8String
> Acct-Application-Id		Integer32	-> Unsigned32
> Alternate-Peer			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
> Acct-Application-Id		Integer32	-> Unsigned32
> Destination-Host 			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
> Destination-Realm			OctetString	-> UTF8String
> Error-Message			OctetString	-> UTF8String
> Error-Reporting-Host		OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
> Origin-Host				OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
> Origin-Realm			OctetString	-> UTF8String
> Product-Name			OctetString	-> UTF8String
> Proxy-Host				IPAddress	-> DiameterIdentity
> Redirect-Host			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
> Route-Record			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
> Session-Id				OctetString	-> UTF8String
> Source-Route			OctetString	-> DiameterIdentity
>
> Regards,
>        Mark
>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep 26 16:32:05 2001
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Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 16:32:18 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
X-Sender: meklund@knox6039
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue: Foreign-Home authentication extension doesn't exist
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Submitter name: Mark Eklund
Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
Date first submitted: 26-Sep-01
Reference: 
Document: mobileip
Comment type: Editorial
Priority: '1' Should fix
Section: 5.3
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

According to 5.3:

   Upon receipt of the HAR, the home agent recovers the Foreign-Home
   registration key, allocates an SPI to be used with the key, and uses
   this key to create a Foreign-Home authentication extension to the
   Registration Reply message.

But according to draft-ietf-mobileip-aaa-key-01.txt there is no
such thing as a Foreign-Home authentication extension.

Requested change: 

Since there is no need for the mobile node to know the
Foreign-Home key, this was probably a cut and paste
error.  Please remove:

                                                          , and uses
   this key to create a Foreign-Home authentication extension to the
   Registration Reply message.

-mark



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Sep 26 21:20:33 2001
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From: haenamu@etri.re.kr
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: when are the Diameter draft (-08)  released?
Date: Thu, 27 Sep 2001 10:18:09 +0900
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Hi

I would like to know when the new Diameter drafts and(or) RFCs come out.

Thanks in advance.

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>I would like to know when the new Diameter drafts and(or) RFCs come out.</FONT>
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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 27 08:01:46 2001
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From: "Bob Kopacz" <BKopacz@InterlinkNetworks.com>
To: "aaa-wg" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Question re: draft-mobileip-07 / 1.4 Allocation of HA in Foreign Network
Date: Thu, 27 Sep 2001 07:58:37 -0400
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Hi,

Is my understanding correct here?

From the text and diagrams, it appears that when the HA is allocated in the
foreign network, the AAAH targets the HAR to the specific AAAF which forwarded
the AMR, not to any old AAA server in the foreign network.

If this is the case, then to ensure that the HAR is routed to the specific
AAAF, the HAR's Destination-Realm AVP and Destination-Host AVP must be:

1. The HAR's Destination-Realm AVP contains AAAF's realm.
2. The HAR's Destination-Host AVP contains AAAF's DiameterIdentity.

So...

1. The HAR's Destination-Realm is set to the value of the AMR's
Origin-Realm.  This is the FA's realm, which is the same as the AAAF's
realm.

2. The HAR's Destination-Host is set to the value of the AMR's first
Route-Record AVP.  This requires that no-one is hiding network topology by
removing Route-Record AVPs (per section 6.3 of base document).

Bob K.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 27 08:33:48 2001
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From: "Bob Kopacz" <BKopacz@InterlinkNetworks.com>
To: "aaa-wg" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Question re: draft-mobileip-07 / Maintaining session-state by AAAH
Date: Thu, 27 Sep 2001 08:31:09 -0400
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Hi,

Is it a requirement that an AAAH, which supports the Mobile-IP application,
maintain session state, or can the AAAH be session stateless?

The draft doesn't explicitly say that session state is required, and some
sections of the draft suggest that the AAAH may be session stateless.

For example,

1. Section 1.6 "Diameter Session Termination", says "MAY": 

   "A Foreign and Home Agent following this specification MAY expect
   their respective Diameter servers to maintain session state
   information for each mobile node in their networks."

But other areas of draft-07, and some pending draft-08 changes, describe
some AAAH actions which seem to require session state.  For example...

1. Section 1.2 "Inter-Domain Mobile IP", says:

   "During the creation of the HAR, the AAAH MUST use a different session
   identifier than the one used in the AMR/AMA (see figure 2). Of
   course, the AAAH MUST use the same session identifier for all HARs
   initiated on behalf of a given mobile node's session."

2. Section 1.2 "Inter-Domain Mobile IP", also says:

   "For _new_ sessions, the AAAH MUST create an accounting session
   identifier, which is added to the Accounting-Multi-Session-Id AVP in
   the HAR message sent to the home agent."

3. Diameter Issue#110 proposes that an AAAH determine if the mobile node
has moved to a new domain by comparing the Origin-Realm of
the current AMR against the Origin-Realm of the previous request

Bob K.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 27 08:52:35 2001
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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] NAS-Key-Binding and Ciphersuite Negotiation
Date: Thu, 27 Sep 2001 15:50:46 +0300
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Submitter name: Henry Haverinen
Submitter email address: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
Date first submitted: 2001-09-27
Reference: 
Document: nasreq
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section: 2.1.6
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The NAS-Key-Binding AVP specifies the purpose of the 
session key. The AVP MUST be included if the NAS-Session-Key 
AVP is included. The key binding specifies which ciphersuite 
will be used between the NAS and the user. The problem is that 
the ciphersuite may not have been selected yet. 

In PPP, ECP is used to negotiate the ciphersuite and it occurs 
between the user and the NAS after authentication.
In IEEE 802.11, the ciphesuite negotiation may as well 
occur after authentication.

In addition, the NAS-Key-Binding AVP makes AAA servers
dependent on and aware of different ciphersuites, so they
need to be updated if a new ciphersuite is specified.

Even if the ciphersuite hasn't been selected, the AAA server
can still transport keying material to the NAS in the 
NAS-Session-Key AVP. For example, it can include large
session keys which the NAS can truncate as necessary for use 
with a given ciphersuite. 

Requested change: 

The NAS-Key-Binding AVP should not be mandatory even if the 
NAS-Session-Key AVP is included. Do we need the NAS-Key-Binding
AVP at all?


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 27 08:52:49 2001
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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] NAS-Session-Key and Initialization Vectors
Date: Thu, 27 Sep 2001 15:51:00 +0300
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Submitter name: Henry Haverinen
Submitter email address: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
Date first submitted: 2001-09-27
Reference: 
Document: nasreq
Comment type: S
Priority: 1
Section: 2.1.2 - 2.1.6
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The NAS-Session-Key AVP as currently specified does not
include means to transport initialization vectors for
encryption.

Requested change: 

One way to support IV's would be to have a new NAS-Key-Type
for them. This would make sense especially if the NAS
uses the received material as a master session key from
which the actual IV's are derived.

Alternatively, we could specify that the keying material
of cipher keys includes initialization vector material.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 27 08:53:01 2001
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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] NAS-Session-Key and Session Master Keys
Date: Thu, 27 Sep 2001 15:51:07 +0300
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Submitter name: Henry Haverinen
Submitter email address: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
Date first submitted: 2001-09-27
Reference: 
Document: nasreq
Comment type: S
Priority: 1
Section: 2.1.2 - 2.1.6
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

The NAS-Session-Key AVP, as currently specified, can only 
be used to transport encryption and integrity keys.
However, a IEEE 802.11 access point may need session 
master keys from which it derives the actual encryption
and authentication keys. (This is not certain yet.)

Requested change: 

Perhaps the NASREQ document could simply say that the 
CIPHER_KEY (or INTEGRITY_KEY) can alternatively be used as 
a session master key from which the NAS derives the actual 
cipher keys (integrity keys). 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 27 13:40:40 2001
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Date: Thu, 27 Sep 2001 10:26:20 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: haenamu@etri.re.kr
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: when are the Diameter draft (-08)  released?
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> I would like to know when the new Diameter drafts and(or) RFCs come out.

Due to the number of requests, I've made alpha versions available at
www.diameter.org/alpha.

beware that I have not sanity checked these files, so the formatting may be
off. When I have a little more time, I'll modify them.

btw, I plan to submit the drafts once the issues stop coming in, and I have
them resolved.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Sep 27 14:12:58 2001
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From: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Question re: draft-mobileip-07 / 1.4 Allocation of HA in 
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Bob,

Per my issue 95:

   Requested change: 

   Delete section 6.3. Or because this section has been here for a while, 
   it may be safer to change 6.3 to state that an agent MUST NOT remove 
   Route-Record AVPs. 

This issue is listed as resolved in Base-08.  However, the reasoning behind
issue 95 was that source routing of answers could not be properly
implemented if Route-Record AVPs were hidden.  However, issue 117 has since
been resolved in favor of removing support for source routing.  Therefore,
the reasoning behind issue 95 has since evaporated.  

Therefore, thank you for documenting another reason for not removing
Route-Record AVPs.

Pat, can you confirm that issue 95 remains resolved as documented, that is,
that section 6.3 has been deleted?

David Spence

Bob Kopacz wrote:
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Is my understanding correct here?
> 
> From the text and diagrams, it appears that when the HA is allocated in the
> foreign network, the AAAH targets the HAR to the specific AAAF which forwarded
> the AMR, not to any old AAA server in the foreign network.
> 
> If this is the case, then to ensure that the HAR is routed to the specific
> AAAF, the HAR's Destination-Realm AVP and Destination-Host AVP must be:
> 
> 1. The HAR's Destination-Realm AVP contains AAAF's realm.
> 2. The HAR's Destination-Host AVP contains AAAF's DiameterIdentity.
> 
> So...
> 
> 1. The HAR's Destination-Realm is set to the value of the AMR's
> Origin-Realm.  This is the FA's realm, which is the same as the AAAF's
> realm.
> 
> 2. The HAR's Destination-Host is set to the value of the AMR's first
> Route-Record AVP.  This requires that no-one is hiding network topology by
> removing Route-Record AVPs (per section 6.3 of base document).
> 
> Bob K.
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
Cc: Bob Kopacz <BKopacz@Interlinknetworks.com>,
        AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Question re: draft-mobileip-07 / 1.4 Allocation of HA in Foreign Network
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> Pat, can you confirm that issue 95 remains resolved as documented, that is,
> that section 6.3 has been deleted?
> 

I checked -08 alpha 01, and it is in fact removed.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 28 08:42:50 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "AAA Listan" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue: How to know when to use TLS
Date: Fri, 28 Sep 2001 14:43:25 +0200
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Submitter name: Fredrik Johansson
Submitter email address: fredrik@ipunplugged.com
Date first submitted: 2001-09-28
Reference:
Document: base
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section:
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

How should a peer know if the other side is runnig TLS or not?

Requested change:

One possible solution could be to add two new values to the transport
attribute in the URI saying TLSoverTCP or TLSoverSCTP

Another solution would be to add it as an configurable attribute to a peer.
But maybe the URI solution is preferable.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 28 14:24:02 2001
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From: "Bob Kopacz" <BKopacz@InterlinkNetworks.com>
To: "aaa-wg" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: DiameterIdentity / draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-08-alpha01 
Date: Fri, 28 Sep 2001 14:21:24 -0400
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Hi,

In the current Diameter base draft, the format of the DiameterIdentity
is specified as 

    Diameter-Identity  = fqdn [ port ] [ transport ] [ protocol ]

Some of the examples, though, indicate a scheme-name of "aaa://" or
even "aaa://diameter/" preceding the fqdn.

Is "aaa://" or "aaa://diameter/" still an optional legitimate part of the
Diameter-identity, or is this a leftover from draft-06 that hasn't been
cleaned up yet?

Bob K.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 28 17:38:06 2001
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From: "Alexander Hagen" <ahagen@dcl.docomo-usa.com>
To: <baboba@internaut.com>, <bernarda@microsoft.com>
Cc: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: What AAA mechanism for the Wireless WAN
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I did not attend the BURP session at Minneapolis in March, but have
carefully read Mr. Aboba's very thought provoking presentation on where to
process AAA and encryption for the Wireless WAN.

What then, in your view is to run on the Wireless IP client ?.



Alexander Hagen
Sr. Research Engineer
Docomo Communications Laboratories, USA, Inc.

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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Sep 28 23:32:59 2001
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From: qing.roger.liu@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: section 8.15 in Diameter draft (-08)  alpha.
Date: Sat, 29 Sep 2001 06:28:44 +0300
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In section 8.15(draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-08.txt):
It seems DIAMETER_SESSION_TIMEOUT can be introduced as a new value in the
scenario that .
"OPEN    Session-Timeout Expires on Access Device    send STR    Discon".

roger

-----Original Message-----
From: ext Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
Sent: Friday, September 28, 2001 1:26 AM
To: haenamu@etri.re.kr
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: when are the Diameter draft (-08) released?


> I would like to know when the new Diameter drafts and(or) RFCs come out.

Due to the number of requests, I've made alpha versions available at
www.diameter.org/alpha.

beware that I have not sanity checked these files, so the formatting may be
off. When I have a little more time, I'll modify them.

btw, I plan to submit the drafts once the issues stop coming in, and I have
them resolved.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Sep 29 12:24:40 2001
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To: <henry.haverinen@nokia.com>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [issue] NAS-Session-Key and Session Master Keys
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> 
> The NAS-Session-Key AVP, as currently specified, can only 
> be used to transport encryption and integrity keys.

What makes you think that?

> However, a IEEE 802.11 access point may need session 
> master keys from which it derives the actual encryption
> and authentication keys. (This is not certain yet.)
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> Perhaps the NASREQ document could simply say that the 
> CIPHER_KEY (or INTEGRITY_KEY) can alternatively be used as 
> a session master key from which the NAS derives the actual 
> cipher keys (integrity keys). 

I think that that goes w/o out saying.

> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Sep 30 11:15:46 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bob Kopacz <BKopacz@InterlinkNetworks.com>
Cc: aaa-wg <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: DiameterIdentity / draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-08-alpha01
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leftovers :(

need to be cleaned up.

PatC
On Fri, Sep 28, 2001 at 02:21:24PM -0400, Bob Kopacz wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> In the current Diameter base draft, the format of the DiameterIdentity
> is specified as 
> 
>     Diameter-Identity  = fqdn [ port ] [ transport ] [ protocol ]
> 
> Some of the examples, though, indicate a scheme-name of "aaa://" or
> even "aaa://diameter/" preceding the fqdn.
> 
> Is "aaa://" or "aaa://diameter/" still an optional legitimate part of the
> Diameter-identity, or is this a leftover from draft-06 that hasn't been
> cleaned up yet?
> 
> Bob K.
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Sep 30 17:22:24 2001
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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: "IETF AAA WG" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Questions on key generation in mobileip-08
Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2001 17:23:38 -0400
Message-ID: <NBBBJKOFCKFJAGNDGPPPAEMGCJAA.mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
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Hi,

I'd appreciate some clarification on the Key Distribution Center
responsibilities in the -08 draft.

The text in 5.x refers to the generation of Registration Keys. In the KDC
AVP descriptions, there is no mention of registration keys but they do
contain Session-Key AVPS. I'm assuming these are one and the same. If not,
how does one generate the session key?

How is the Foreign-Home Registration Key generated? Is it the same as the
Mobile-Home and Mobile-Foreign Registration Keys (i.e. as per
draft-ietf-mobileip-aaa-keys-08)?

For a given AMR/HAR/HAA/AMA exchange, is the MIP-Key-Material in the
MIP-MN-to-FA-Key AVP permitted to have the same value as that in the
MIP-MN-to-HA-Key AVP or must they be different?

Regards,
       Mark



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Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2001 19:37:14 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Jones <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
Cc: IETF AAA WG <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Questions on key generation in mobileip-08
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In-Reply-To: <NBBBJKOFCKFJAGNDGPPPAEMGCJAA.mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>; from mjones@bridgewatersystems.com on Sun, Sep 30, 2001 at 05:23:38PM -0400
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> The text in 5.x refers to the generation of Registration Keys. In the KDC
> AVP descriptions, there is no mention of registration keys but they do
> contain Session-Key AVPS. I'm assuming these are one and the same. If not,
> how does one generate the session key?

they are one and the same.

> How is the Foreign-Home Registration Key generated? Is it the same as the
> Mobile-Home and Mobile-Foreign Registration Keys (i.e. as per
> draft-ietf-mobileip-aaa-keys-08)?

MN-HA is a little different since key material is sent to the mobile node.
However, the key received by the HA is the same as how the FA-HA keys
are generated.

> For a given AMR/HAR/HAA/AMA exchange, is the MIP-Key-Material in the
> MIP-MN-to-FA-Key AVP permitted to have the same value as that in the
> MIP-MN-to-HA-Key AVP or must they be different?

aaa-keys spec states that the keys are dynamically generated, each using
a different random value.

PatC


