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Date: Tue, 03 Mar 2015 10:33:18 +0100
From: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>
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Subject: [Ace] Use Case Draft
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Hi Use Case Draft Authors,

I read through the latest version of the document and I noticed a few
things.

a) In http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00901.html I
suggested to add another scenario to the home automation use case. I
don't think it has been added (at least I couldn't see it). Did you miss
it or did it not find enough interest?

b) I am not convinced about the use case in Section 2.6 "Sports &
Entertainment". To me it reads more like a multi-user operating system
feature rather than something we develop. I am also not sure it "sells"
well as a use case since it is functionality users wouldn't expect to
experience today. If you give your 400 EUR watch to your friend are you
really worried about your 4 training runs that are stored on that watch?
Today, the person who has the watch can see the data on it and change
(some) settings. What you cannot do (today) is to see your "training
plan" since that wouldn't be stored on the watch anyway.

I am not sure what a useful use case for this type of sports equipment
actually is (in context of ACE).

c) The 'owner' terminology still confuses me. There is the implicit
assumption that the owner can configure policies and then there are
non-owners that cannot. I don't think that ownership has anything to do
with policy configuration.

d) Here is a question for my own personal interest. I would like to
understand the container use case better and I believe the slides
presented at various IETF meetings showed the use case a bit better (at
least the involved parties). Is there anywhere (e.g., papers) a
description about the actual 'user experience' (by user I mean the
experience the different parties have). For example, the supermarket
chain will have to receive information about the containers it can track
at some point in time. I assume they will have to have an "account" with
some company (whom?) to actually query the data while the containers are
in transit. Someone will have to configure the policies for each of the
involved parties at some authorization server. Who is that party?

Ciao
Hannes



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From: Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Use Case Draft
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On 03/03/2015 10:33 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
> Hi Use Case Draft Authors,
>
> I read through the latest version of the document and I noticed a few
> things.
>
> a) In http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00901.html I
> suggested to add another scenario to the home automation use case. I
> don't think it has been added (at least I couldn't see it). Did you mis=
s
> it or did it not find enough interest?
>

We (the editors) discussed it in comparison to the current 'remote=20
authorization grant' scenario. Obviously including both scenarios would=20
not be useful, since they are too similar, therefore we have to weigh=20
them against each other.

The main difference between the currently included scenario and your=20
proposal is that the latter uses proximity based technologies to=20
transfer the authorization information, while in the former the=20
authorization information is transferred over the Internet.
We felt that removing the Internet aspect form this scenario would be a=20
bit like removing the "Internet" from the "Internet of Things".

Personally I don't have a big issue with replacing the current scenario=20
with the one you propose (there is already plenty of Internet in the=20
other scenarios), but I think Steffi feels a bit stronger about this.

> b) I am not convinced about the use case in Section 2.6 "Sports &
> Entertainment". To me it reads more like a multi-user operating system
> feature rather than something we develop. I am also not sure it "sells"=

> well as a use case since it is functionality users wouldn't expect to
> experience today. If you give your 400 EUR watch to your friend are you=

> really worried about your 4 training runs that are stored on that watch=
?
> Today, the person who has the watch can see the data on it and change
> (some) settings. What you cannot do (today) is to see your "training
> plan" since that wouldn't be stored on the watch anyway.
>
> I am not sure what a useful use case for this type of sports equipment
> actually is (in context of ACE).
>

Our aim with this use case was to introduce some scenario with lower=20
security requirements, but were privacy issues still makes security=20
"nice to have".

As we can expect this type of devices to become more ubiquitous, more=20
and more privacy relevant information will be gathered, which might be=20
innocuous  on its own, but allow to generate profiles of the user when=20
combined.

Apparently the use case doesn't make this case convincingly, do you=20
suggest we update it or would you advocate removing it?


> c) The 'owner' terminology still confuses me. There is the implicit
> assumption that the owner can configure policies and then there are
> non-owners that cannot. I don't think that ownership has anything to do=

> with policy configuration.
>

The terminology has been subject of some controversy between the=20
authors. The main issue, as I see it, is that specific terminology might =

favor specific solutions.

As you suggested earlier, some additional reviews of the document could=20
be helpful to give us new perspectives.


> d) Here is a question for my own personal interest. I would like to
> understand the container use case better and I believe the slides
> presented at various IETF meetings showed the use case a bit better (at=

> least the involved parties). Is there anywhere (e.g., papers) a
> description about the actual 'user experience' (by user I mean the
> experience the different parties have). For example, the supermarket
> chain will have to receive information about the containers it can trac=
k
> at some point in time. I assume they will have to have an "account" wit=
h
> some company (whom?) to actually query the data while the containers ar=
e
> in transit. Someone will have to configure the policies for each of the=

> involved parties at some authorization server. Who is that party?
>
I think this would be best answered by Steffi.


/Ludwig

--=20
Ludwig Seitz, PhD
SICS Swedish ICT AB
Ideon Science Park
Building Beta 2
Scheelev=E4gen 17
SE-223 70 Lund

Phone +46(0)70-349 92 51
http://www.sics.se


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From nobody Tue Mar  3 04:29:23 2015
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Hi Hannes and Ludwig,

On 03/03/2015 11:40 AM, Ludwig Seitz wrote:
> On 03/03/2015 10:33 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>> Hi Use Case Draft Authors,
>>
>> I read through the latest version of the document and I noticed a few
>> things.
>>
>> a) In http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00901.html I
>> suggested to add another scenario to the home automation use case. I
>> don't think it has been added (at least I couldn't see it). Did you miss
>> it or did it not find enough interest?
>>
>
> We (the editors) discussed it in comparison to the current 'remote
> authorization grant' scenario. Obviously including both scenarios would
> not be useful, since they are too similar, therefore we have to weigh
> them against each other.
>
> The main difference between the currently included scenario and your
> proposal is that the latter uses proximity based technologies to
> transfer the authorization information, while in the former the
> authorization information is transferred over the Internet.
> We felt that removing the Internet aspect form this scenario would be a
> bit like removing the "Internet" from the "Internet of Things".

I would like to add that we changed the scenario as a response to your 
suggestions and removed the part where Jane's parents download an 
application that lets them communicate with Jane's door lock. You stated 
in your e-mail that the scenario requires a messaging infrastructure to 
exist and hopefully removing that part already helps things.

If it is important to you, I guess we can use both scenarios and state 
that the remote scenario is the more sophisticated one?

>
> Personally I don't have a big issue with replacing the current scenario
> with the one you propose (there is already plenty of Internet in the
> other scenarios), but I think Steffi feels a bit stronger about this.
>
>> b) I am not convinced about the use case in Section 2.6 "Sports &
>> Entertainment". To me it reads more like a multi-user operating system
>> feature rather than something we develop. I am also not sure it "sells"
>> well as a use case since it is functionality users wouldn't expect to
>> experience today. If you give your 400 EUR watch to your friend are you
>> really worried about your 4 training runs that are stored on that watch?
>> Today, the person who has the watch can see the data on it and change
>> (some) settings. What you cannot do (today) is to see your "training
>> plan" since that wouldn't be stored on the watch anyway.
>>
>> I am not sure what a useful use case for this type of sports equipment
>> actually is (in context of ACE).

I think it is interesting to consider. We already see a lot of "smart" 
sports equipment. The more health related or otherwise personal data is 
collected by these devices the more important it will be to protect 
them. Moreover, as Ludwig says, consolidating data of many different 
devices will reveal even more about a person.

Even if you are not that concerned that the person you give your watch 
to reads your personal data (even if it costs only 80 EUR), you might 
not want everyone else to also be able to do so. In this case implicit 
authorization (an authenticated person can see everything on the device) 
may be sufficient.

The interesting aspects about this use case are that users want to grant 
access dynamically when needed with little effort. Moreover, since the 
shoes do not have a display, configuring authorization might be a bit 
more difficult than for e.g. a smartphone. Somehow the shoes need to 
know that they are allowed to talk to the watch.

For the user experience it would be helpful to have a solution that is 
able to automatically authorize devices of a certain person. If I trust 
my best friend with my data I would appreciate it if her devices are 
authorized automatically and I don't have to authorize every single one 
of it manually.

>>
>
> Our aim with this use case was to introduce some scenario with lower
> security requirements, but were privacy issues still makes security
> "nice to have".
>
> As we can expect this type of devices to become more ubiquitous, more
> and more privacy relevant information will be gathered, which might be
> innocuous  on its own, but allow to generate profiles of the user when
> combined.
>
> Apparently the use case doesn't make this case convincingly, do you
> suggest we update it or would you advocate removing it?
>
>
>> c) The 'owner' terminology still confuses me. There is the implicit
>> assumption that the owner can configure policies and then there are
>> non-owners that cannot. I don't think that ownership has anything to do
>> with policy configuration.

Yes, owner might not be the best of terms. Maybe the term "principal" 
would be better for the person that is in charge of a device / endpoint 
/ resource. As far as I understood it the controversy Ludwig mentions is 
about whether the problems of client owners are in scope or not and not 
that the term "principal" in itself is offending.

>>
>
> The terminology has been subject of some controversy between the
> authors. The main issue, as I see it, is that specific terminology might
> favor specific solutions.
>
> As you suggested earlier, some additional reviews of the document could
> be helpful to give us new perspectives.
>
>
>> d) Here is a question for my own personal interest. I would like to
>> understand the container use case better and I believe the slides
>> presented at various IETF meetings showed the use case a bit better (at
>> least the involved parties). Is there anywhere (e.g., papers) a
>> description about the actual 'user experience' (by user I mean the
>> experience the different parties have). For example, the supermarket
>> chain will have to receive information about the containers it can track
>> at some point in time. I assume they will have to have an "account" with
>> some company (whom?) to actually query the data while the containers are
>> in transit. Someone will have to configure the policies for each of the
>> involved parties at some authorization server. Who is that party?
>>

There are several aspects to this scenario. I guess you want to know how 
the fruit vendor keeps track of the state of the goods? As far as I know 
it, the data of the banana sensors can be queried remotely while the 
bananas are on the ship. Since the sensors belong to the fruit vendor 
and the fruit vendor requests the current state of the goods, I guess it 
is safe to assume that the fruit vendor is the one that will control the 
access policies in this particular conversation.

For the communication between the banana sensors and the ventilation 
system in the containers a local connection is used (which makes sense 
since a server in the Internet might not always be reachable during the 
shipment). Container monitoring is still in an early stage and as far as 
I know, there is no solution yet for authorization. From a security 
point of view, both the container owner and the fruit vendor will have 
to make sure that their devices only send data to and receive data from 
authorized devices.

Does that answer your question? Maybe the paper that is referenced in 
the draft ("Communication techniques and challenges for wireless food 
quality monitoring") helps?

Best regards,
Steffi


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Subject: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi all,

let me try to see whether I understand the issue that's currently under
discussion.

It seems that the debate focuses on this requirement from the 'Container
monitoring' use case:

"
   o  U1.2 Principals want to grant different access rights for
      different resources on an endpoint.
"

The question that surfaced here is whether 'principal' is the right term
or not. The document defines principal as "A subject who is either a
resource owner or a client owner or both."

Here is a slightly modified example using a door lock scenario that may
help us see through this case. Imagine a family with a kid: Alice, Bob
and their young child Eve.

Alice and Bob bought one of these Internet connected door locks and now
want to configure it. They want to configure it in such a way that all
three can enter their house just using their smart phone (and a
specially loaded app).

Whether the authorization server is included in the door lock itself or
is part of some other home appliance does not really matter for the
moment. In any case, Alice and Bob configure the door lock in such a way
that Eve is granted access. Alice and Bob are the owner of the resource
(=3Ddoor lock) but even if they do not 'own' the door lock (but have
rather rented it) does not really matter.

The authorization server does not necessarily need to know that this
access control policy is about "Eve". All it cares is that there is an
entry in the access control list that points to some credential on some
device. That credential happens to point to app on the smart phone Eve
is using.

Now, the question is how Eve, who is the client owner, fits into that
picture. She would use her phone (=3Dclient) to request access to the doo=
r
but she would not be involved in provisioning the access control policy
at the authorization server.

Did I correctly understood this issue?

Ciao
Hannes


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Hi Ludwig,

thanks for the quick response.



On 03/03/2015 11:40 AM, Ludwig Seitz wrote:
> On 03/03/2015 10:33 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>> Hi Use Case Draft Authors,
>>
>> I read through the latest version of the document and I noticed a few
>> things.
>>
>> a) In http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00901.html I=

>> suggested to add another scenario to the home automation use case. I
>> don't think it has been added (at least I couldn't see it). Did you mi=
ss
>> it or did it not find enough interest?
>>
>=20
> We (the editors) discussed it in comparison to the current 'remote
> authorization grant' scenario. Obviously including both scenarios would=

> not be useful, since they are too similar, therefore we have to weigh
> them against each other.
>=20
> The main difference between the currently included scenario and your
> proposal is that the latter uses proximity based technologies to
> transfer the authorization information, while in the former the
> authorization information is transferred over the Internet.
> We felt that removing the Internet aspect form this scenario would be a=

> bit like removing the "Internet" from the "Internet of Things".
>=20
> Personally I don't have a big issue with replacing the current scenario=

> with the one you propose (there is already plenty of Internet in the
> other scenarios), but I think Steffi feels a bit stronger about this.
>=20

I actually never intended to replace the existing scenario but rather to
enhance the existing scenario.

I thought that the off-line delegation could be interesting. The rest of
the scenario may still involve the Internet. Maybe it is only slightly
different than the current scenario and therefore not worth listing it
as an extra scenario.

>> b) I am not convinced about the use case in Section 2.6 "Sports &
>> Entertainment". To me it reads more like a multi-user operating system=

>> feature rather than something we develop. I am also not sure it "sells=
"
>> well as a use case since it is functionality users wouldn't expect to
>> experience today. If you give your 400 EUR watch to your friend are yo=
u
>> really worried about your 4 training runs that are stored on that watc=
h?
>> Today, the person who has the watch can see the data on it and change
>> (some) settings. What you cannot do (today) is to see your "training
>> plan" since that wouldn't be stored on the watch anyway.
>>
>> I am not sure what a useful use case for this type of sports equipment=

>> actually is (in context of ACE).
>>
>=20
> Our aim with this use case was to introduce some scenario with lower
> security requirements, but were privacy issues still makes security
> "nice to have".
>=20
> As we can expect this type of devices to become more ubiquitous, more
> and more privacy relevant information will be gathered, which might be
> innocuous  on its own, but allow to generate profiles of the user when
> combined.
>=20
> Apparently the use case doesn't make this case convincingly, do you
> suggest we update it or would you advocate removing it?

Good question. I was not able to come up with a useful alternative. I
will keep thinking about it and maybe someone else in the group has a
suggestion that fits into the wearable category.


>=20
>=20
>> c) The 'owner' terminology still confuses me. There is the implicit
>> assumption that the owner can configure policies and then there are
>> non-owners that cannot. I don't think that ownership has anything to d=
o
>> with policy configuration.
>>
>=20
> The terminology has been subject of some controversy between the
> authors. The main issue, as I see it, is that specific terminology migh=
t
> favor specific solutions.
>=20
> As you suggested earlier, some additional reviews of the document could=

> be helpful to give us new perspectives.

Let's see what the other folks in the group think.
>=20
>=20
>> d) Here is a question for my own personal interest. I would like to
>> understand the container use case better and I believe the slides
>> presented at various IETF meetings showed the use case a bit better (a=
t
>> least the involved parties). Is there anywhere (e.g., papers) a
>> description about the actual 'user experience' (by user I mean the
>> experience the different parties have). For example, the supermarket
>> chain will have to receive information about the containers it can tra=
ck
>> at some point in time. I assume they will have to have an "account" wi=
th
>> some company (whom?) to actually query the data while the containers a=
re
>> in transit. Someone will have to configure the policies for each of th=
e
>> involved parties at some authorization server. Who is that party?
>>
> I think this would be best answered by Steffi.

Thanks.

Ciao
Hannes

>=20
>=20
> /Ludwig
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>=20


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From nobody Tue Mar  3 05:29:44 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Use Case Draft
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Hi Steffi,

also thanks to you for the quick response.

On 03/03/2015 01:29 PM, Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
> Hi Hannes and Ludwig,
>=20
> On 03/03/2015 11:40 AM, Ludwig Seitz wrote:
>> On 03/03/2015 10:33 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>>> Hi Use Case Draft Authors,
>>>
>>> I read through the latest version of the document and I noticed a few=

>>> things.
>>>
>>> a) In http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00901.html =
I
>>> suggested to add another scenario to the home automation use case. I
>>> don't think it has been added (at least I couldn't see it). Did you m=
iss
>>> it or did it not find enough interest?
>>>
>>
>> We (the editors) discussed it in comparison to the current 'remote
>> authorization grant' scenario. Obviously including both scenarios woul=
d
>> not be useful, since they are too similar, therefore we have to weigh
>> them against each other.
>>
>> The main difference between the currently included scenario and your
>> proposal is that the latter uses proximity based technologies to
>> transfer the authorization information, while in the former the
>> authorization information is transferred over the Internet.
>> We felt that removing the Internet aspect form this scenario would be =
a
>> bit like removing the "Internet" from the "Internet of Things".
>=20
> I would like to add that we changed the scenario as a response to your
> suggestions and removed the part where Jane's parents download an
> application that lets them communicate with Jane's door lock. You state=
d
> in your e-mail that the scenario requires a messaging infrastructure to=

> exist and hopefully removing that part already helps things.
>=20
> If it is important to you, I guess we can use both scenarios and state
> that the remote scenario is the more sophisticated one?

The current version is certainly more sophisticated than the scenario I
proposed since it requires more players to interact. The different
"transport" of the authorization credentials using short range radio vs.
the Internet might not be sufficient to turn it into a new scenario. I
don't know whether the delegation aspect where one party acts as a local
authorization server adds much more value.

>=20
>>
>> Personally I don't have a big issue with replacing the current scenari=
o
>> with the one you propose (there is already plenty of Internet in the
>> other scenarios), but I think Steffi feels a bit stronger about this.
>>
>>> b) I am not convinced about the use case in Section 2.6 "Sports &
>>> Entertainment". To me it reads more like a multi-user operating syste=
m
>>> feature rather than something we develop. I am also not sure it "sell=
s"
>>> well as a use case since it is functionality users wouldn't expect to=

>>> experience today. If you give your 400 EUR watch to your friend are y=
ou
>>> really worried about your 4 training runs that are stored on that wat=
ch?
>>> Today, the person who has the watch can see the data on it and change=

>>> (some) settings. What you cannot do (today) is to see your "training
>>> plan" since that wouldn't be stored on the watch anyway.
>>>
>>> I am not sure what a useful use case for this type of sports equipmen=
t
>>> actually is (in context of ACE).
>=20
> I think it is interesting to consider. We already see a lot of "smart"
> sports equipment. The more health related or otherwise personal data is=

> collected by these devices the more important it will be to protect
> them. Moreover, as Ludwig says, consolidating data of many different
> devices will reveal even more about a person.
>=20
> Even if you are not that concerned that the person you give your watch
> to reads your personal data (even if it costs only 80 EUR), you might
> not want everyone else to also be able to do so. In this case implicit
> authorization (an authenticated person can see everything on the device=
)
> may be sufficient.
>=20
> The interesting aspects about this use case are that users want to gran=
t
> access dynamically when needed with little effort. Moreover, since the
> shoes do not have a display, configuring authorization might be a bit
> more difficult than for e.g. a smartphone. Somehow the shoes need to
> know that they are allowed to talk to the watch.
>=20
> For the user experience it would be helpful to have a solution that is
> able to automatically authorize devices of a certain person. If I trust=

> my best friend with my data I would appreciate it if her devices are
> authorized automatically and I don't have to authorize every single one=

> of it manually.

I get the idea. Will think about some potential alternatives that are
easier to "sell".

>=20
>>>
>>
>> Our aim with this use case was to introduce some scenario with lower
>> security requirements, but were privacy issues still makes security
>> "nice to have".
>>
>> As we can expect this type of devices to become more ubiquitous, more
>> and more privacy relevant information will be gathered, which might be=

>> innocuous  on its own, but allow to generate profiles of the user when=

>> combined.
>>
>> Apparently the use case doesn't make this case convincingly, do you
>> suggest we update it or would you advocate removing it?
>>
>>
>>> c) The 'owner' terminology still confuses me. There is the implicit
>>> assumption that the owner can configure policies and then there are
>>> non-owners that cannot. I don't think that ownership has anything to =
do
>>> with policy configuration.
>=20
> Yes, owner might not be the best of terms. Maybe the term "principal"
> would be better for the person that is in charge of a device / endpoint=

> / resource. As far as I understood it the controversy Ludwig mentions i=
s
> about whether the problems of client owners are in scope or not and not=

> that the term "principal" in itself is offending.

In GEOPRIV we called the party that configures the authorization
policies the "Rule Maker". You probably don't like that term too much
but it focuses on the aspect that is most important, namely who create
the authorization policies.


>=20
>>>
>>
>> The terminology has been subject of some controversy between the
>> authors. The main issue, as I see it, is that specific terminology mig=
ht
>> favor specific solutions.
>>
>> As you suggested earlier, some additional reviews of the document coul=
d
>> be helpful to give us new perspectives.
>>
>>
>>> d) Here is a question for my own personal interest. I would like to
>>> understand the container use case better and I believe the slides
>>> presented at various IETF meetings showed the use case a bit better (=
at
>>> least the involved parties). Is there anywhere (e.g., papers) a
>>> description about the actual 'user experience' (by user I mean the
>>> experience the different parties have). For example, the supermarket
>>> chain will have to receive information about the containers it can tr=
ack
>>> at some point in time. I assume they will have to have an "account" w=
ith
>>> some company (whom?) to actually query the data while the containers =
are
>>> in transit. Someone will have to configure the policies for each of t=
he
>>> involved parties at some authorization server. Who is that party?
>>>
>=20
> There are several aspects to this scenario. I guess you want to know ho=
w
> the fruit vendor keeps track of the state of the goods? As far as I kno=
w
> it, the data of the banana sensors can be queried remotely while the
> bananas are on the ship. Since the sensors belong to the fruit vendor
> and the fruit vendor requests the current state of the goods, I guess i=
t
> is safe to assume that the fruit vendor is the one that will control th=
e
> access policies in this particular conversation.
>=20
> For the communication between the banana sensors and the ventilation
> system in the containers a local connection is used (which makes sense
> since a server in the Internet might not always be reachable during the=

> shipment). Container monitoring is still in an early stage and as far a=
s
> I know, there is no solution yet for authorization. From a security
> point of view, both the container owner and the fruit vendor will have
> to make sure that their devices only send data to and receive data from=

> authorized devices.

=46rom a monitoring point of view I guess the fruit vendor will configure=

access to the data of the fruits as well as the containers rather than
having those monitored by different parties. While the fruit vendor may
not need to own the containers they will probably be rented.

I see the communication internally within the container as a separate
problem, more like a "how to configure a small wireless adhoc network".

I could even imagine that the (temperature/humidity) sensors are not
with the bananas themselves but rather with the container.

>=20
> Does that answer your question? Maybe the paper that is referenced in
> the draft ("Communication techniques and challenges for wireless food
> quality monitoring") helps?

I should probably look at that again.

Ciao
Hannes

>=20
> Best regards,
> Steffi
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace


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Hi all,

On 03/03/2015 06:03 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Hannes,
>
> On 2015-03-03 14:06, "Hannes Tschofenig" <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net> wrote:
>
>> Hi all,
>>
>> let me try to see whether I understand the issue that's currently under
>> discussion.
>>
>> It seems that the debate focuses on this requirement from the 'Container
>> monitoring' use case:
>>
>> "
>>    o  U1.2 Principals want to grant different access rights for
>>       different resources on an endpoint.
>> "
>
> Actually, we are not debating this U1.2 requirement. Steffi made a new set
> of requirements, see
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00982.html
>
> The debate focused on this requirement proposed by Steffi:
>
> "U1.1a Principals such as the fruit vendor, the transloading personnel or
> the container owners want to define authorizations for their resources
> and endpoints."
>
> (I insert “a”, “b”, “c” etc. to distinguish the different versions of
> requirements)
>
>
> Then Steffi proposed to split U1.1a in these requirements:
>
> (http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00992.html)
>
>
> “U1.1b: Resource Owners want to grant different access rights for their
> resources to different parties.
>
> U1.2b: Client Owners want to define for their clients if and how they are
> allowed to access resources hosted on a Resource Server."

In fact I didn't want to split U1.1a. You, Göran, proposed in 
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00991.html to 
replace U1.1 with two "requirements" as you called them. I am not happy 
with this proposal but would have agreed to it if it helped things.

The meaning of the original U1.1 problem is that principals in this use 
case want to grant different authorizations to different people / 
devices / resources (meaning that devices of company A get different 
access rights then devices of company B). It seems that it is quite 
difficult to find a neutral phrasing for this problem.

The split now shows a completely different aspect of this problem: we 
can protect the client side or we can protect the server side or both. 
These really are solution specific and as we can see, this leads to 
people wanting to defend their favorite solution. Instead of: "users 
somehow want to grant different authorizations to different people" we 
are deep into a solution space discussion about whether it is more 
useful to protect the server or the client side, if the client side even 
needs protection and so on. I would like to emphasize that this is not 
what U1.1 is about. Maybe we can still find a better phrasing that does 
not indicate a specific solution.

The different proposals for the phrasing of U1.1 indicate a different 
problem: Do we want to develop a solution that exclusively protects 
resources or do we also want to consider the client side? Most of us are 
more familiar with the protection of resources because we already know 
that from web scenarios. But in these scenarios we always have a user 
that performs authorization on the client side. For constrained 
environments, it is not always that simple. We might have true machine 
to machine (M2M) communication where a device must decide for itself 
whether something is authorized by its user or not. Moreover, devices 
might not have displays and thus it might not be possible for the user 
to directly interact with the device for authorization. Solving these 
problems is not optional. And I think it is important to be aware of 
these problems. A solution can decide if and how to solve them.

>
>
> Referring to the U1.1a, I proposed to clarify what U1.1b means in terms of
> the actors and resources of the use case:
> (http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg01000.html)
>
> “U1.1c: Resource Owners, such as fruit vendors and container owners, want
> to
> grant different access rights to different parties for their respective
> resources, such as temperatures and fan settings."
>
>
> This was not agreed, see discussion about resource and client below.
>
> With regards to U1.2b, I requested that this abstract statement should be
> exemplified with actors and client devices from this use case to allow
> everyone to form an opinion if this is a relevant access control problem
> in the scope of ACE or not. If that can’t be made, then I think this
> requirement is less relevant for this use case and consider leave it out.

Imagine a specific implementation of the container scenario where the 
temperature sensor is the client and the fan actuator is the server. The 
fruit vendor wants to make sure that the temperature sensor sends the 
temperature values only to authorized fan actuator resources because she 
doesn't want unauthorized people to gain knowledge about the state of 
the goods. The container owner wants to make sure that the server only 
accepts data from authorized clients. In this case, both the client 
owner and the resource owner will need to define access policies. The 
client owner (the fruit vendor) defines a rule that states that the 
client (the temperature sensor) is allowed to do a PUT on resources that 
belong to a specific container owner. The resource owner (the container 
owner) defines a rule that states that clients of a certain fruit vendor 
are allowed to do a PUT on their resources. If the temperature sensor is 
not able to decide if a resource is authorized, it cannot enforce the 
authorization decisions of its owner.

>
> NOTE: I’m not saying U1.2b is not a possible security concern. I’m
> questioning that it is an access control problem analogous to U1.1b. The
> original requirement formulation U1.1 (in the draft) and U1.1a blurs the
> distinction between resource and client and gives the impression that
> there is an analogous client access control problem, but I don’t see any
> evidence of that from the use cases. And the current terminology is making
> the distinction difficult.
>
> Now we make the same exercise in your example below.
>
>>
>> The question that surfaced here is whether 'principal' is the right term
>> or not. The document defines principal as "A subject who is either a
>> resource owner or a client owner or both."
>>
>> Here is a slightly modified example using a door lock scenario that may
>> help us see through this case. Imagine a family with a kid: Alice, Bob
>> and their young child Eve.
>>
>> Alice and Bob bought one of these Internet connected door locks and now
>> want to configure it. They want to configure it in such a way that all
>> three can enter their house just using their smart phone (and a
>> specially loaded app).
>>
>> Whether the authorization server is included in the door lock itself or
>> is part of some other home appliance does not really matter for the
>> moment. In any case, Alice and Bob configure the door lock in such a way
>> that Eve is granted access. Alice and Bob are the owner of the resource
>> (=door lock) but even if they do not 'own' the door lock (but have
>> rather rented it) does not really matter.
>
> I agree about “ownership”, but let’s keep the terminology in this example.
>
>>
>> The authorization server does not necessarily need to know that this
>> access control policy is about "Eve". All it cares is that there is an
>> entry in the access control list that points to some credential on some
>> device. That credential happens to point to app on the smart phone Eve
>> is using.
>>
>> Now, the question is how Eve, who is the client owner, fits into that
>> picture. She would use her phone (=client) to request access to the door
>> but she would not be involved in provisioning the access control policy
>> at the authorization server.
>>
>> Did I correctly understood this issue?
>
> I think you are correct in that the discussion is how the client owner
> fits into the picture.

I would also think that this is the problem. Eve uses her smartphone to 
request access to the door and is granted access depending on Alice and 
Bobs authorization. Eve has no influence on their decision. In the door 
lock case this might not a big problem. Eve actively uses her smartphone 
to interact with the door lock. The phone might also display some kind 
of dialog where Eve can decide to access the door lock or not.

If Eve doesn't use her phone but a constrained device to access, e.g. 
some sort of key fob, she might want to make sure that it doesn't 
provide her credentials to everyone who is asking.

>
> Whether the phone is involved or not in transporting access control policy
> or other authorization information to the resource server is not the issue.
>
> One issue we have is if the door lock can be called “Resource” or if it is
> completely arbitrary which is “Resource" and which is “Client”. (I’m in
> favour of the former.)
>
> One thing we do agree about is that the tenants, Alice and Bob, should be
> able to set access policies for the lock. I think this is the analogue of
> U1.1b/c. But since we can’t agreed whether the lock is “Resource" or can
> alternatively be “Client", I can’t use the term “Resource Owner”.  Nor can
> we use the term “Client Owner”. With regards to this, I have been
> questioning the usefulness of the current terminology in the draft, or how
> it is applied.

In the use cases document, we are defining use cases for constrained 
environments. Where needed, we assume CoAP as the used protocol. In CoAP 
we have two endpoints, the client and the server, that are communicating 
with each other. The server hosts resources that can be accessed by the 
client. We could define that a door lock MUST be a  CoAP server and that 
the device accessing the door lock MUST be a CoAP client or vice versa. 
If there is no strong evidence to do so, I would rather not restrict 
CoAP implementations in such a way. It seems wrong to me to say that 
CoAP is flexible enough to allow for all kinds of settings but 
unfortunately our authorization solution does not consider this 
flexibility which is why CoAP is less flexible if we are using 
authorization.

>
> Maybe we can use the qualification “lock-Resource" and “lock-Client" to
> distinguish from other resources and clients? And then “lock-Resource
> Owner” (Alice and Bob) and “lock-Client Owner” (Eve) would also be well
> defined?
>
>
> The other issue relates to what is the problem for Eve. Consider the
> analogue of U1.2b above in this setting:
>
> U1.2b: "Eve wants to define for her phone if and how it is allow to
> request the lock to be opened."
>
> To me it is quite clear that this is an awkward way of forcing an access
> control problem formulation into what isn’t. When Eve wants to open a
> lock, she presses a button in the app, thereby authorizes the request.
> There is no need to solve this with access control policies, transport
> authorization information, enforcement etc.  There is a natural asymmetry
> which is clearly illustrated in the use cases. We should not hide that
> behind strange terminology and formulations.

Yes, exactly, Eve is authorizing the request. And in this specific 
scenario implicit authorization (an authenticated device is authorized) 
might be good enough. Since Eve can decide what her smartphone is 
supposed to do, there is no need for more sophisticated authorization 
policies. This is different for other use cases.

If you think about it, there is also no need for sophisticated 
authorization on the door lock side, either. It might be sufficient if a 
device that can be authenticated is authorized to open the door. In this 
case, implicit authorization is sufficient on both sides. Again this is 
different for other use cases.

Best regards,
Steffi


From nobody Tue Mar  3 19:25:31 2015
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From: Eve Maler <eve@xmlgrrl.com>
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To: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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It seems to me that Eve (ahem), as the owner of the client, is just =
seeking access to a resource that Alice or Bob controls access to but =
can't be described as an owner of anything else. There are indeed, =
however, several "subjects" in this picture, that is, several identities =
worth tracking and authenticating.

There is an inherent (and valuable for ACE purposes) asymmetry in the =
relationship between those who are in a position to grant access and =
those who seek it. If the tables are turned for some other resource, =
with Eve in the resource owner role and Alice in the client owner role, =
that doesn't make it a two-way relationship -- it's still two one-way =
relationships.

FWIW, here is the terminology used in UMA on the technical and =
contractual levels for all these concepts:

Technical             Contractual

--                    Individual (human)
--                    Non-Person Entity ("legal person" like a company)
--                    Subject (can be an individual or an NPE)
                      (all of the rest are a kind of Subject...)
resource owner        Authorizing Party
authorization server  Authorization Server Operator
resource server       Resource Server Operator
client                Client Operator (e.g. Google, running Google Apps)
requesting party      Requesting Party
--                    Requesting Party Agent (e.g. an employee of a =
corporate RqP)

The kind of Principal meant in the use case doc, I would argue, is =
exclusively the resource owner kind of principal. If you want to go back =
and see definitions, UMA gets its definition of resource owner from =
OAuth, which defines it as "An entity capable of granting access to a =
protected resource." The client, on the other hand, is about "making =
protected resource requests with the resource owner's authorization and =
on the requesting party's behalf." This makes the asymmetry clear.

	Eve

> On 3 Mar 2015, at 5:06 AM, Hannes Tschofenig =
<hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net> wrote:
>=20
> Hi all,
>=20
> let me try to see whether I understand the issue that's currently =
under
> discussion.
>=20
> It seems that the debate focuses on this requirement from the =
'Container
> monitoring' use case:
>=20
> "
>   o  U1.2 Principals want to grant different access rights for
>      different resources on an endpoint.
> "
>=20
> The question that surfaced here is whether 'principal' is the right =
term
> or not. The document defines principal as "A subject who is either a
> resource owner or a client owner or both."
>=20
> Here is a slightly modified example using a door lock scenario that =
may
> help us see through this case. Imagine a family with a kid: Alice, Bob
> and their young child Eve.
>=20
> Alice and Bob bought one of these Internet connected door locks and =
now
> want to configure it. They want to configure it in such a way that all
> three can enter their house just using their smart phone (and a
> specially loaded app).
>=20
> Whether the authorization server is included in the door lock itself =
or
> is part of some other home appliance does not really matter for the
> moment. In any case, Alice and Bob configure the door lock in such a =
way
> that Eve is granted access. Alice and Bob are the owner of the =
resource
> (=3Ddoor lock) but even if they do not 'own' the door lock (but have
> rather rented it) does not really matter.
>=20
> The authorization server does not necessarily need to know that this
> access control policy is about "Eve". All it cares is that there is an
> entry in the access control list that points to some credential on =
some
> device. That credential happens to point to app on the smart phone Eve
> is using.
>=20
> Now, the question is how Eve, who is the client owner, fits into that
> picture. She would use her phone (=3Dclient) to request access to the =
door
> but she would not be involved in provisioning the access control =
policy
> at the authorization server.
>=20
> Did I correctly understood this issue?
>=20
> Ciao
> Hannes
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace


Eve Maler | cell +1 425.345.6756 | Skype: xmlgrrl | Twitter: @xmlgrrl


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Date: Wed, 04 Mar 2015 09:39:08 +0100
From: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>
To: Eve Maler <eve@xmlgrrl.com>
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Cc: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>, "Ace@ietf.org" <Ace@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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From nobody Wed Mar  4 00:56:42 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Steffi,

only a quick comment on this selective issue (still working my way
through the other issues).

> If two parties are communicating with each other, each of these
> parties may have its own security policies. If Eve is the client
> owner, she will want to control which data is entering and leaving
> her device. She doesn't want her client to accept data from untrusted
> sources and she doesn't want her device to send data to untrusted
> devices. In scenarios where she is present at the time of access, she
> can authorize that her device accesses a resource by pressing a
> button or something like that. In scenarios where she is absent (we
> have a couple of use cases with absent owners) she needs other means
> to keep control over her device. If the device is not able to
> determine if Eve authorized the access to a certain resource, it is
> not able to enforce Eve's security policies. If Eve's device
> communicates with unauthorized devices, the integrity and
> confidentiality of her data will likely be compromised.

Looking at the way how (since applicable to this scenario) smart phones
work today there would be another (independent) authorization check at
the time Eve installs the app on her phone. It might asks for
permissions to access the Bluetooth smart stack and maybe for some other
privileges that have to do with the interaction of the app and the
authorization server (since the client app will have to authenticate to
the authorization server and might even use an existing identity
management service for it).

Of course, Eve will have to trust the app developer to a certain extend
and will have to carefully evaluate the permissions it is asking for.

Is this what you have in mind with 'client owners wanting to grant
different access rights for different resources?"?

Ciao
Hannes



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From nobody Wed Mar  4 01:32:36 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Hannes,

On 03/04/2015 09:56 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
> Hi Steffi,
>
> only a quick comment on this selective issue (still working my way
> through the other issues).
>
>> If two parties are communicating with each other, each of these
>> parties may have its own security policies. If Eve is the client
>> owner, she will want to control which data is entering and leaving
>> her device. She doesn't want her client to accept data from untrusted
>> sources and she doesn't want her device to send data to untrusted
>> devices. In scenarios where she is present at the time of access, she
>> can authorize that her device accesses a resource by pressing a
>> button or something like that. In scenarios where she is absent (we
>> have a couple of use cases with absent owners) she needs other means
>> to keep control over her device. If the device is not able to
>> determine if Eve authorized the access to a certain resource, it is
>> not able to enforce Eve's security policies. If Eve's device
>> communicates with unauthorized devices, the integrity and
>> confidentiality of her data will likely be compromised.
>
> Looking at the way how (since applicable to this scenario) smart phones
> work today there would be another (independent) authorization check at
> the time Eve installs the app on her phone. It might asks for
> permissions to access the Bluetooth smart stack and maybe for some other
> privileges that have to do with the interaction of the app and the
> authorization server (since the client app will have to authenticate to
> the authorization server and might even use an existing identity
> management service for it).
>
> Of course, Eve will have to trust the app developer to a certain extend
> and will have to carefully evaluate the permissions it is asking for.
>
> Is this what you have in mind with 'client owners wanting to grant
> different access rights for different resources?"?

I am not that interested in smartphone security and I don't think we 
should work on the security of smartphone apps in ACE. What I am 
interested in is to find out what we need to do to enable Eve's device 
to act in Eve's behalf if Eve is not able to instruct the device at the 
time of access.

A temperature sensor on a banana box in the container scenario should be 
able to decide if it can send its temperature values to a certain 
cooling unit or not. It should not send its temperature values to the 
transloading company. However, it can give the transloading company 
information about its owner (the fruit vendor) so that the transloading 
company knows how to handle the banana boxes.

In the smartphone case, Eve could configure in the app which resources 
her device is allowed to access on its own (my phone may open door-locks 
that belong to Alice and look out for new music on devices that belong 
to Eric and give my training plan to my cross trainer. all other actions 
are not allowed).

We don't need explicit authorization (configuration of a fine-grained 
access control) for every use case. For some use cases, it may suffice 
to authorize a device because it can be authenticated. But in other 
cases, it will be necessary to define exactly what my device is allowed 
to access to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of my data.

Best regards,
Steffi


From nobody Wed Mar  4 05:51:55 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Eve,

Eve Maler <eve@xmlgrrl.com> writes:

> There is an inherent (and valuable for ACE purposes) asymmetry in the rel=
ationship between those who are in a position to grant access and those who=
 seek it. If the tables are turned for some other resource, with Eve in the=
 resource owner role and Alice in the client owner role, that doesn't make =
it a two-way relationship -- it's still two one-way relationships.

There is indeed an asymmetry, but that does not mean that there is no
authorization of communication at all. As Hannes said in his followup:
When you install a smart phone app, you have -- as a client owner in
Steffi's Terminology -- to authorize certain actions in advance. You can
do this also with constrained devices, e.g. hard-coded in the firmware
configuration. But then you are tied to those authorization rules.

You need
 1. a firmware update whenever these rules change, or
 2. to update the dynamic part of the authorization policy.

The current discussion is about whether or not we agree that 1 and 2
_exist_ as problems per se (independent of whether or not these must be
addressed by the ACE protocol in the first place).

> FWIW, here is the terminology used in UMA on the technical and contractua=
l levels for all these concepts:
>
> Technical             Contractual
>
> --                    Individual (human)
> --                    Non-Person Entity ("legal person" like a company)
> --                    Subject (can be an individual or an NPE)
>                       (all of the rest are a kind of Subject...)
> resource owner        Authorizing Party
> authorization server  Authorization Server Operator
> resource server       Resource Server Operator
> client                Client Operator (e.g. Google, running Google Apps)
> requesting party      Requesting Party
> --                    Requesting Party Agent (e.g. an employee of a corpo=
rate RqP)
>
> The kind of Principal meant in the use case doc, I would argue, is exclus=
ively the resource owner kind of principal. If you want to go back and see =
definitions, UMA gets its definition of resource owner from OAuth, which de=
fines it as "An entity capable of granting access to a protected resource."=
 The client, on the other hand, is about "making protected resource request=
s with the resource owner's authorization and on the requesting party's beh=
alf." This makes the asymmetry clear.

Well, "on the requesting party's behalf" already says that the client
needs to be authorized to send this request. This has been questioned
several times in the past, leading even to the attempt to remove this
entirely. Good to see that OAuth and UMA also think that the Requesting
Party needs to authorize the client's actions.

Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe
Olaf


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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Steffi,

some remarks below.

On 03/04/2015 10:32 AM, Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
> Hi Hannes,
>=20
> On 03/04/2015 09:56 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>> Hi Steffi,
>>
>> only a quick comment on this selective issue (still working my way
>> through the other issues).
>>
>>> If two parties are communicating with each other, each of these
>>> parties may have its own security policies. If Eve is the client
>>> owner, she will want to control which data is entering and leaving
>>> her device. She doesn't want her client to accept data from untrusted=

>>> sources and she doesn't want her device to send data to untrusted
>>> devices. In scenarios where she is present at the time of access, she=

>>> can authorize that her device accesses a resource by pressing a
>>> button or something like that. In scenarios where she is absent (we
>>> have a couple of use cases with absent owners) she needs other means
>>> to keep control over her device. If the device is not able to
>>> determine if Eve authorized the access to a certain resource, it is
>>> not able to enforce Eve's security policies. If Eve's device
>>> communicates with unauthorized devices, the integrity and
>>> confidentiality of her data will likely be compromised.
>>
>> Looking at the way how (since applicable to this scenario) smart phone=
s
>> work today there would be another (independent) authorization check at=

>> the time Eve installs the app on her phone. It might asks for
>> permissions to access the Bluetooth smart stack and maybe for some oth=
er
>> privileges that have to do with the interaction of the app and the
>> authorization server (since the client app will have to authenticate t=
o
>> the authorization server and might even use an existing identity
>> management service for it).
>>
>> Of course, Eve will have to trust the app developer to a certain exten=
d
>> and will have to carefully evaluate the permissions it is asking for.
>>
>> Is this what you have in mind with 'client owners wanting to grant
>> different access rights for different resources?"?
>=20
> I am not that interested in smartphone security and I don't think we
> should work on the security of smartphone apps in ACE.

The smartphone app was just the continuation of the use case to make the
discussion less abstract.

> What I am
> interested in is to find out what we need to do to enable Eve's device
> to act in Eve's behalf if Eve is not able to instruct the device at the=

> time of access.
I believe this sentence means a "yes" to my question.

>=20
> A temperature sensor on a banana box in the container scenario should b=
e
> able to decide if it can send its temperature values to a certain
> cooling unit or not. It should not send its temperature values to the
> transloading company. However, it can give the transloading company
> information about its owner (the fruit vendor) so that the transloading=

> company knows how to handle the banana boxes.

Most likely it would be the other way around: there would be an access
control policy configured at an authorization server that allows
selected parties access to the sensor readings (in our case the cooling
unit would be allowed to access those sensor readings). The sensor is
the resource server in our terminology and the cooling unit would be the
client.

The firmware on the cooling device would tell it whether it should talk
to temperature sensors (rather than heart-rate monitors, for example).
Most likely there is a pre-configuration step happening prior to the
usage where the cooling unit is configured to only talk to the sensors
in the same container rather than (maybe accidentally) to temperature
sensors from other contains. Whether this information needs to 'entered'
into an authorization server and then pushed to the devices, as the OMA
LWM2M guys do it, or rather pulled (as OAuth would do it) is something I
don't have a strong opinion about.

>=20
> In the smartphone case, Eve could configure in the app which resources
> her device is allowed to access on its own (my phone may open door-lock=
s
> that belong to Alice and look out for new music on devices that belong
> to Eric and give my training plan to my cross trainer. all other action=
s
> are not allowed).
If the app supports more than one functionality then the app may also
ask for various permissions.

>=20
> We don't need explicit authorization (configuration of a fine-grained
> access control) for every use case. For some use cases, it may suffice
> to authorize a device because it can be authenticated. But in other
> cases, it will be necessary to define exactly what my device is allowed=

> to access to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of my data.

I agree. The actual policy is something that will depend on a variety of
factors, such as use case, application functionality, operating system
capabilities, etc.

>=20
> Best regards,
> Steffi

Ciao
Hannes


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From nobody Wed Mar  4 07:12:02 2015
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Hi Hannes,

On 03/04/2015 03:37 PM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
> Hi Steffi,
>
> some remarks below.
>
> On 03/04/2015 10:32 AM, Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
>> Hi Hannes,
>>
>> On 03/04/2015 09:56 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>>> Hi Steffi,
>>>
>>> only a quick comment on this selective issue (still working my way
>>> through the other issues).
>>>
>>>> If two parties are communicating with each other, each of these
>>>> parties may have its own security policies. If Eve is the client
>>>> owner, she will want to control which data is entering and leaving
>>>> her device. She doesn't want her client to accept data from untrusted
>>>> sources and she doesn't want her device to send data to untrusted
>>>> devices. In scenarios where she is present at the time of access, she
>>>> can authorize that her device accesses a resource by pressing a
>>>> button or something like that. In scenarios where she is absent (we
>>>> have a couple of use cases with absent owners) she needs other means
>>>> to keep control over her device. If the device is not able to
>>>> determine if Eve authorized the access to a certain resource, it is
>>>> not able to enforce Eve's security policies. If Eve's device
>>>> communicates with unauthorized devices, the integrity and
>>>> confidentiality of her data will likely be compromised.
>>>
>>> Looking at the way how (since applicable to this scenario) smart phones
>>> work today there would be another (independent) authorization check at
>>> the time Eve installs the app on her phone. It might asks for
>>> permissions to access the Bluetooth smart stack and maybe for some other
>>> privileges that have to do with the interaction of the app and the
>>> authorization server (since the client app will have to authenticate to
>>> the authorization server and might even use an existing identity
>>> management service for it).
>>>
>>> Of course, Eve will have to trust the app developer to a certain extend
>>> and will have to carefully evaluate the permissions it is asking for.
>>>
>>> Is this what you have in mind with 'client owners wanting to grant
>>> different access rights for different resources?"?
>>
>> I am not that interested in smartphone security and I don't think we
>> should work on the security of smartphone apps in ACE.
>
> The smartphone app was just the continuation of the use case to make the
> discussion less abstract.
>
>> What I am
>> interested in is to find out what we need to do to enable Eve's device
>> to act in Eve's behalf if Eve is not able to instruct the device at the
>> time of access.
> I believe this sentence means a "yes" to my question.
>
>>
>> A temperature sensor on a banana box in the container scenario should be
>> able to decide if it can send its temperature values to a certain
>> cooling unit or not. It should not send its temperature values to the
>> transloading company. However, it can give the transloading company
>> information about its owner (the fruit vendor) so that the transloading
>> company knows how to handle the banana boxes.
>
> Most likely it would be the other way around: there would be an access
> control policy configured at an authorization server that allows
> selected parties access to the sensor readings (in our case the cooling
> unit would be allowed to access those sensor readings). The sensor is
> the resource server in our terminology and the cooling unit would be the
> client.

Just to get this straight: From your point of view, the authorization 
server is controlled by the fruit vendor who can configure access 
permissions for the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is the 
resource server. Right? I wonder why you chose this setting? How do you 
determine if a device is a resource server or a client?

>
> The firmware on the cooling device would tell it whether it should talk
> to temperature sensors (rather than heart-rate monitors, for example).
> Most likely there is a pre-configuration step happening prior to the
> usage where the cooling unit is configured to only talk to the sensors
> in the same container rather than (maybe accidentally) to temperature
> sensors from other contains. Whether this information needs to 'entered'
> into an authorization server and then pushed to the devices, as the OMA
> LWM2M guys do it, or rather pulled (as OAuth would do it) is something I
> don't have a strong opinion about.

Yes, you can configure the authorization policies for the cooling unit 
manually in a pre-configuration step. That would be one solution to 
solve the authorization problem on the client side.

A more sophisticated authorization mechanism would also allow to 
dynamically update authorizations. This would make it possible to define 
that only devices of a certain fruit vendor are authorized. It will 
likely be difficult to determine if a sensor is in the same container or 
not.

Best regards,
Steffi


>
>>
>> In the smartphone case, Eve could configure in the app which resources
>> her device is allowed to access on its own (my phone may open door-locks
>> that belong to Alice and look out for new music on devices that belong
>> to Eric and give my training plan to my cross trainer. all other actions
>> are not allowed).
> If the app supports more than one functionality then the app may also
> ask for various permissions.
>
>>
>> We don't need explicit authorization (configuration of a fine-grained
>> access control) for every use case. For some use cases, it may suffice
>> to authorize a device because it can be authenticated. But in other
>> cases, it will be necessary to define exactly what my device is allowed
>> to access to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of my data.
>
> I agree. The actual policy is something that will depend on a variety of
> factors, such as use case, application functionality, operating system
> capabilities, etc.
>
>>
>> Best regards,
>> Steffi
>
> Ciao
> Hannes
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
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-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


From nobody Wed Mar  4 07:24:21 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Steffi,

On 03/04/2015 04:11 PM, Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
>> Most likely it would be the other way around: there would be an access=

>> control policy configured at an authorization server that allows
>> selected parties access to the sensor readings (in our case the coolin=
g
>> unit would be allowed to access those sensor readings). The sensor is
>> the resource server in our terminology and the cooling unit would be t=
he
>> client.
>=20
> Just to get this straight: From your point of view, the authorization
> server is controlled by the fruit vendor who can configure access
> permissions for the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is the
> resource server. Right? I wonder why you chose this setting? How do you=

> determine if a device is a resource server or a client?

I assume that the authorization server for the temperature sensors and
the cooling unit is managed / controlled by the fruit vendor. The fruit
vendor has, after all, rented the container to deliver the fruits.

I determined the client vs. server depending on who initiates the
communication.

In either case, the sensor either needs to be configured with the
address of the cooling unit to send the data to or the cooling unit
queries the sensors for the current temperature and therefore needs to
know what the relevant sensors in the container are.

Do we want to standardize this type of configuration mechanism? I don't
know.

Ciao
Hannes


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From nobody Wed Mar  4 10:38:29 2015
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Hi all,

What I get from the discussion is that we agree that there is an 
authorization problem on the client side. We also agree that for some 
authorization problems we don't need a sophisticated authorization 
mechanism.

So maybe we can postpone further discussions about solutions and just 
finish the use cases draft?

We can keep the authorization problem on the client side in the problem 
summary sections. Moreover, we can add the following to section 3.2 
(Configuration of Access Permissions): "Endpoints need to be enabled to 
enforce the authorization policies of their principals. In some cases, 
authorization problems might bei solved by implicit authorization (all 
authenticated entities are authorized)."

What do you think?

Best regards
Steffi

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


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To: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>, Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>, "Ace@ietf.org" <Ace@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Date: Thu, 5 Mar 2015 00:42:12 +0000
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Authorization on the client side
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Hi Göran,

I didn't forget our discussion. But it would be helpful to summarize the 
things we agreed on. You said that you agree that there is an 
authorization problem on the client side. You also agree that we don't 
need a sophisticated authorization mechanism to solve every 
authorization problem.

In your e-mail, you listed additional authorization problems that are 
not part of the current discussion. I don't see how discussing these 
helps things.

Best regards,
Steffi



On 03/04/2015 08:07 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Steffi,
>
> I disagree.  If you recall from
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00995.html
> I listed a number of “authorization problems” on the client side, none of
> which is of the concern of ACE IMHO. The same applies the problem you
> list, corresponding to U1.2b of
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg01019.html.
>
> Just because I haven’t had time to answer this mail thread today doesn’t
> mean that you can forget about our last months of discussions. I’ll be
> back.
>
>
> Best regards,
> Göran
>
>
>
>
> On 2015-03-04 19:37, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>
>> Hi all,
>>
>> What I get from the discussion is that we agree that there is an
>> authorization problem on the client side. We also agree that for some
>> authorization problems we don't need a sophisticated authorization
>> mechanism.
>>
>> So maybe we can postpone further discussions about solutions and just
>> finish the use cases draft?
>>
>> We can keep the authorization problem on the client side in the problem
>> summary sections. Moreover, we can add the following to section 3.2
>> (Configuration of Access Permissions): "Endpoints need to be enabled to
>> enforce the authorization policies of their principals. In some cases,
>> authorization problems might bei solved by implicit authorization (all
>> authenticated entities are authorized)."
>>
>> What do you think?
>>
>> Best regards
>> Steffi
>>
>> --
>> Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
>> TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
>> Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
>> 28359 Bremen, Germany
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ace mailing list
>> Ace@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>
>
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Göran,

if we use any kind of solution specific terminology in the draft, we 
must use CoAP terminology since we want to find an authorization 
solution that fits to CoAP.

Yes, I agree that terminology and problem statement need to be clear. 
But they need to fit to the problem, not to the solution.

I am pretty sure that we will find out how a solution can be mapped to 
the use cases. But if the use cases document don't reflect how things 
work in CoAP, I don't think we will be able to find a fitting solution.

Best regards,
Steffi


On 03/05/2015 01:42 AM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Steffi and all,
>
>
> Trying to catch up with the mails. I just summarize some comments on this
> mail for now.
>
> Terminology and problem statement
> - - -
> Current terminology, or how it is applied, is unsatisfactory, as I’ve
> re-iterated a couple of times. I’ve previously been working in large
> projects where terminology and problem statement was unclear and it is an
> absolute waste of time. I think others in this group having similar
> experiences can confirm this.
>
>
> We have different options to resolve this.
>
> 1. We can remove role terminology from the use case draft and express the
> problems in terms of the actors in the use cases. E.g. "fruit vendors want
> to grant different access rights to different parties to measurements of
> goods’ temperatures". That would save the use case document, but in this
> case we don’t have a general problem statement in terms of roles, and that
> then becomes then our next challenge.
>
> 2. If we instead define roles (Resource Server, Client etc.) then we must
> be able to express the relevant problems based on the use cases in terms
> of the roles defined. Otherwise the role definitions are not good enough.
> For example "Resource Owners, such as fruit vendors, wants to grant
> different access rights to different parties for their resources, such as
> temperatures"
>
> If we can’t express what are the assets and the stakeholders in a well
> defined way, so that we can formulate the problem statement in terms of
> these, then we have a serious problem. I advocate that we adopt an
> established terminology such as OAuth or UMA. Whatever client aspects we
> want to formulate can surely be expressed in any of these terminology.
>
> Some control questions on how far we have reached in this work:
>
> - In the container use case, can we agree that the temperature sensors and
> fan actuators are the main “items of interest”.
>
> - Can we denote the temperature sensor and fan actuators “Resources”?
>
> - Can we, as Eve proposed, agree to view the temperature sensor - fan
> actuator interaction as two one-way relationships, i.e. there are
> temperature-resources and temperature-clients, as well as fan-resources
> and fan-clients (some of which may be co-located).
>
> (Maybe we can then avoid formulations such as "If the temperature sensor
> is not able to decide if a resource is authorized”? See further down in
> this mail.)
>
>
>
> Constrained clients
> - - -
> One recurring theme in this discussion has been on constrained client
> devices.  There is a question about what kind of "authorization problems”
> that are relevant to the client device. It is mainly related to aspects of
> a client disclosing a request. There has been repeated claims about the
> need for sophisticated access control policies on the client side, in the
> sense that the client actions, such as making a request, need to be
> subject to access control policies, just because the devices are
> constrained. But nowhere in the use case document is this claim
> substantiated, i.e. that a particular use case is requiring such a
> feature. There are only abstract formulations about principals, and
> interpreted as resource owner as well as client owners. The motivation for
> that has been that if we describe the use case in too much detail it
> becomes solution specific. An alternative explanation is that only few, if
> any, of the use cases actually require client side access control policies.
>
> I think we should detach any potential access control policy problems of
> the client from that related to resource access, because it is different,
> it is not documented to be relevant, and it is an independent problem that
> makes the problem formulation complex. Furthermore, no one actually knows
> about the need and nature of policies for in these situations. It is pure
> speculations. I think that if anything, some sort of "decision policies”
> could potentially be useful. Formulating it as access control problem
> leads to very strange statements as I showed at the end of this mail:
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg01019.html
>
>
> More later.
>
> Best regards,
> Göran
>
>
>
> On 2015-03-03 21:17, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>
>> Hi all,
>>
>> On 03/03/2015 06:03 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
>>> Hi Hannes,
>>>
>>> On 2015-03-03 14:06, "Hannes Tschofenig" <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Hi all,
>>>>
>>>> let me try to see whether I understand the issue that's currently under
>>>> discussion.
>>>>
>>>> It seems that the debate focuses on this requirement from the
>>>> 'Container
>>>> monitoring' use case:
>>>>
>>>> "
>>>>     o  U1.2 Principals want to grant different access rights for
>>>>        different resources on an endpoint.
>>>> "
>>>
>>> Actually, we are not debating this U1.2 requirement. Steffi made a new
>>> set
>>> of requirements, see
>>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00982.html
>>>
>>> The debate focused on this requirement proposed by Steffi:
>>>
>>> "U1.1a Principals such as the fruit vendor, the transloading personnel
>>> or
>>> the container owners want to define authorizations for their resources
>>> and endpoints."
>>>
>>> (I insert “a”, “b”, “c” etc. to distinguish the different versions of
>>> requirements)
>>>
>>>
>>> Then Steffi proposed to split U1.1a in these requirements:
>>>
>>> (http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00992.html)
>>>
>>>
>>> “U1.1b: Resource Owners want to grant different access rights for their
>>> resources to different parties.
>>>
>>> U1.2b: Client Owners want to define for their clients if and how they
>>> are
>>> allowed to access resources hosted on a Resource Server."
>>
>> In fact I didn't want to split U1.1a. You, Göran, proposed in
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00991.html to
>> replace U1.1 with two "requirements" as you called them. I am not happy
>> with this proposal but would have agreed to it if it helped things.
>>
>> The meaning of the original U1.1 problem is that principals in this use
>> case want to grant different authorizations to different people /
>> devices / resources (meaning that devices of company A get different
>> access rights then devices of company B). It seems that it is quite
>> difficult to find a neutral phrasing for this problem.
>>
>> The split now shows a completely different aspect of this problem: we
>> can protect the client side or we can protect the server side or both.
>> These really are solution specific and as we can see, this leads to
>> people wanting to defend their favorite solution. Instead of: "users
>> somehow want to grant different authorizations to different people" we
>> are deep into a solution space discussion about whether it is more
>> useful to protect the server or the client side, if the client side even
>> needs protection and so on. I would like to emphasize that this is not
>> what U1.1 is about. Maybe we can still find a better phrasing that does
>> not indicate a specific solution.
>>
>> The different proposals for the phrasing of U1.1 indicate a different
>> problem: Do we want to develop a solution that exclusively protects
>> resources or do we also want to consider the client side? Most of us are
>> more familiar with the protection of resources because we already know
>> that from web scenarios. But in these scenarios we always have a user
>> that performs authorization on the client side. For constrained
>> environments, it is not always that simple. We might have true machine
>> to machine (M2M) communication where a device must decide for itself
>> whether something is authorized by its user or not. Moreover, devices
>> might not have displays and thus it might not be possible for the user
>> to directly interact with the device for authorization. Solving these
>> problems is not optional. And I think it is important to be aware of
>> these problems. A solution can decide if and how to solve them.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Referring to the U1.1a, I proposed to clarify what U1.1b means in terms
>>> of
>>> the actors and resources of the use case:
>>> (http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg01000.html)
>>>
>>> “U1.1c: Resource Owners, such as fruit vendors and container owners,
>>> want
>>> to
>>> grant different access rights to different parties for their respective
>>> resources, such as temperatures and fan settings."
>>>
>>>
>>> This was not agreed, see discussion about resource and client below.
>>>
>>> With regards to U1.2b, I requested that this abstract statement should
>>> be
>>> exemplified with actors and client devices from this use case to allow
>>> everyone to form an opinion if this is a relevant access control problem
>>> in the scope of ACE or not. If that can’t be made, then I think this
>>> requirement is less relevant for this use case and consider leave it
>>> out.
>>
>> Imagine a specific implementation of the container scenario where the
>> temperature sensor is the client and the fan actuator is the server. The
>> fruit vendor wants to make sure that the temperature sensor sends the
>> temperature values only to authorized fan actuator resources because she
>> doesn't want unauthorized people to gain knowledge about the state of
>> the goods. The container owner wants to make sure that the server only
>> accepts data from authorized clients. In this case, both the client
>> owner and the resource owner will need to define access policies. The
>> client owner (the fruit vendor) defines a rule that states that the
>> client (the temperature sensor) is allowed to do a PUT on resources that
>> belong to a specific container owner. The resource owner (the container
>> owner) defines a rule that states that clients of a certain fruit vendor
>> are allowed to do a PUT on their resources. If the temperature sensor is
>> not able to decide if a resource is authorized, it cannot enforce the
>> authorization decisions of its owner.
>>
>>>
>>> NOTE: I’m not saying U1.2b is not a possible security concern. I’m
>>> questioning that it is an access control problem analogous to U1.1b. The
>>> original requirement formulation U1.1 (in the draft) and U1.1a blurs the
>>> distinction between resource and client and gives the impression that
>>> there is an analogous client access control problem, but I don’t see any
>>> evidence of that from the use cases. And the current terminology is
>>> making
>>> the distinction difficult.
>>>
>>> Now we make the same exercise in your example below.
>>>
>>>>
>>>> The question that surfaced here is whether 'principal' is the right
>>>> term
>>>> or not. The document defines principal as "A subject who is either a
>>>> resource owner or a client owner or both."
>>>>
>>>> Here is a slightly modified example using a door lock scenario that may
>>>> help us see through this case. Imagine a family with a kid: Alice, Bob
>>>> and their young child Eve.
>>>>
>>>> Alice and Bob bought one of these Internet connected door locks and now
>>>> want to configure it. They want to configure it in such a way that all
>>>> three can enter their house just using their smart phone (and a
>>>> specially loaded app).
>>>>
>>>> Whether the authorization server is included in the door lock itself or
>>>> is part of some other home appliance does not really matter for the
>>>> moment. In any case, Alice and Bob configure the door lock in such a
>>>> way
>>>> that Eve is granted access. Alice and Bob are the owner of the resource
>>>> (=door lock) but even if they do not 'own' the door lock (but have
>>>> rather rented it) does not really matter.
>>>
>>> I agree about “ownership”, but let’s keep the terminology in this
>>> example.
>>>
>>>>
>>>> The authorization server does not necessarily need to know that this
>>>> access control policy is about "Eve". All it cares is that there is an
>>>> entry in the access control list that points to some credential on some
>>>> device. That credential happens to point to app on the smart phone Eve
>>>> is using.
>>>>
>>>> Now, the question is how Eve, who is the client owner, fits into that
>>>> picture. She would use her phone (=client) to request access to the
>>>> door
>>>> but she would not be involved in provisioning the access control policy
>>>> at the authorization server.
>>>>
>>>> Did I correctly understood this issue?
>>>
>>> I think you are correct in that the discussion is how the client owner
>>> fits into the picture.
>>
>> I would also think that this is the problem. Eve uses her smartphone to
>> request access to the door and is granted access depending on Alice and
>> Bobs authorization. Eve has no influence on their decision. In the door
>> lock case this might not a big problem. Eve actively uses her smartphone
>> to interact with the door lock. The phone might also display some kind
>> of dialog where Eve can decide to access the door lock or not.
>>
>> If Eve doesn't use her phone but a constrained device to access, e.g.
>> some sort of key fob, she might want to make sure that it doesn't
>> provide her credentials to everyone who is asking.
>>
>>>
>>> Whether the phone is involved or not in transporting access control
>>> policy
>>> or other authorization information to the resource server is not the
>>> issue.
>>>
>>> One issue we have is if the door lock can be called “Resource” or if it
>>> is
>>> completely arbitrary which is “Resource" and which is “Client”. (I’m in
>>> favour of the former.)
>>>
>>> One thing we do agree about is that the tenants, Alice and Bob, should
>>> be
>>> able to set access policies for the lock. I think this is the analogue
>>> of
>>> U1.1b/c. But since we can’t agreed whether the lock is “Resource" or can
>>> alternatively be “Client", I can’t use the term “Resource Owner”.  Nor
>>> can
>>> we use the term “Client Owner”. With regards to this, I have been
>>> questioning the usefulness of the current terminology in the draft, or
>>> how
>>> it is applied.
>>
>> In the use cases document, we are defining use cases for constrained
>> environments. Where needed, we assume CoAP as the used protocol. In CoAP
>> we have two endpoints, the client and the server, that are communicating
>> with each other. The server hosts resources that can be accessed by the
>> client. We could define that a door lock MUST be a  CoAP server and that
>> the device accessing the door lock MUST be a CoAP client or vice versa.
>> If there is no strong evidence to do so, I would rather not restrict
>> CoAP implementations in such a way. It seems wrong to me to say that
>> CoAP is flexible enough to allow for all kinds of settings but
>> unfortunately our authorization solution does not consider this
>> flexibility which is why CoAP is less flexible if we are using
>> authorization.
>>
>>>
>>> Maybe we can use the qualification “lock-Resource" and “lock-Client" to
>>> distinguish from other resources and clients? And then “lock-Resource
>>> Owner” (Alice and Bob) and “lock-Client Owner” (Eve) would also be well
>>> defined?
>>>
>>>
>>> The other issue relates to what is the problem for Eve. Consider the
>>> analogue of U1.2b above in this setting:
>>>
>>> U1.2b: "Eve wants to define for her phone if and how it is allow to
>>> request the lock to be opened."
>>>
>>> To me it is quite clear that this is an awkward way of forcing an access
>>> control problem formulation into what isn’t. When Eve wants to open a
>>> lock, she presses a button in the app, thereby authorizes the request.
>>> There is no need to solve this with access control policies, transport
>>> authorization information, enforcement etc.  There is a natural
>>> asymmetry
>>> which is clearly illustrated in the use cases. We should not hide that
>>> behind strange terminology and formulations.
>>
>> Yes, exactly, Eve is authorizing the request. And in this specific
>> scenario implicit authorization (an authenticated device is authorized)
>> might be good enough. Since Eve can decide what her smartphone is
>> supposed to do, there is no need for more sophisticated authorization
>> policies. This is different for other use cases.
>>
>> If you think about it, there is also no need for sophisticated
>> authorization on the door lock side, either. It might be sufficient if a
>> device that can be authenticated is authorized to open the door. In this
>> case, implicit authorization is sufficient on both sides. Again this is
>> different for other use cases.
>>
>> Best regards,
>> Steffi
>
>
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Steffi, Hi G=C3=B6ran,

we do not want to have CoAP specific terminology in the document. While
it has to be applicable to CoAP early in the charter discussion we
wanted to also not rule out other protocols and there is nothing really
in the document that depends on CoAP.

In terms of listing the requirements in reference to the use cases, such
as saying "fruit vendors want to grant different access rights to
different parties to measurements of goods=E2=80=99 temperatures" sounds =
OK to
me. The text in the use case should anyway say what rule the fruit
vendor plays.

Ciao
Hannes


On 03/05/2015 09:39 AM, Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
> Hi G=C3=B6ran,
>=20
> if we use any kind of solution specific terminology in the draft, we
> must use CoAP terminology since we want to find an authorization
> solution that fits to CoAP.
>=20
> Yes, I agree that terminology and problem statement need to be clear.
> But they need to fit to the problem, not to the solution.
>=20
> I am pretty sure that we will find out how a solution can be mapped to
> the use cases. But if the use cases document don't reflect how things
> work in CoAP, I don't think we will be able to find a fitting solution.=

>=20
> Best regards,
> Steffi
>=20
>=20
> On 03/05/2015 01:42 AM, G=C3=B6ran Selander wrote:
>> Hi Steffi and all,
>>
>>
>> Trying to catch up with the mails. I just summarize some comments on t=
his
>> mail for now.
>>
>> Terminology and problem statement
>> - - -
>> Current terminology, or how it is applied, is unsatisfactory, as I=E2=80=
=99ve
>> re-iterated a couple of times. I=E2=80=99ve previously been working in=
 large
>> projects where terminology and problem statement was unclear and it is=
 an
>> absolute waste of time. I think others in this group having similar
>> experiences can confirm this.
>>
>>
>> We have different options to resolve this.
>>
>> 1. We can remove role terminology from the use case draft and express =
the
>> problems in terms of the actors in the use cases. E.g. "fruit vendors
>> want
>> to grant different access rights to different parties to measurements =
of
>> goods=E2=80=99 temperatures". That would save the use case document, b=
ut in this
>> case we don=E2=80=99t have a general problem statement in terms of rol=
es, and
>> that
>> then becomes then our next challenge.
>>
>> 2. If we instead define roles (Resource Server, Client etc.) then we m=
ust
>> be able to express the relevant problems based on the use cases in ter=
ms
>> of the roles defined. Otherwise the role definitions are not good enou=
gh.
>> For example "Resource Owners, such as fruit vendors, wants to grant
>> different access rights to different parties for their resources, such=
 as
>> temperatures"
>>
>> If we can=E2=80=99t express what are the assets and the stakeholders i=
n a well
>> defined way, so that we can formulate the problem statement in terms o=
f
>> these, then we have a serious problem. I advocate that we adopt an
>> established terminology such as OAuth or UMA. Whatever client aspects =
we
>> want to formulate can surely be expressed in any of these terminology.=

>>
>> Some control questions on how far we have reached in this work:
>>
>> - In the container use case, can we agree that the temperature sensors=

>> and
>> fan actuators are the main =E2=80=9Citems of interest=E2=80=9D.
>>
>> - Can we denote the temperature sensor and fan actuators =E2=80=9CReso=
urces=E2=80=9D?
>>
>> - Can we, as Eve proposed, agree to view the temperature sensor - fan
>> actuator interaction as two one-way relationships, i.e. there are
>> temperature-resources and temperature-clients, as well as fan-resource=
s
>> and fan-clients (some of which may be co-located).
>>
>> (Maybe we can then avoid formulations such as "If the temperature sens=
or
>> is not able to decide if a resource is authorized=E2=80=9D? See furthe=
r down in
>> this mail.)
>>
>>
>>
>> Constrained clients
>> - - -
>> One recurring theme in this discussion has been on constrained client
>> devices.  There is a question about what kind of "authorization proble=
ms=E2=80=9D
>> that are relevant to the client device. It is mainly related to
>> aspects of
>> a client disclosing a request. There has been repeated claims about th=
e
>> need for sophisticated access control policies on the client side, in =
the
>> sense that the client actions, such as making a request, need to be
>> subject to access control policies, just because the devices are
>> constrained. But nowhere in the use case document is this claim
>> substantiated, i.e. that a particular use case is requiring such a
>> feature. There are only abstract formulations about principals, and
>> interpreted as resource owner as well as client owners. The motivation=

>> for
>> that has been that if we describe the use case in too much detail it
>> becomes solution specific. An alternative explanation is that only
>> few, if
>> any, of the use cases actually require client side access control
>> policies.
>>
>> I think we should detach any potential access control policy problems =
of
>> the client from that related to resource access, because it is differe=
nt,
>> it is not documented to be relevant, and it is an independent problem
>> that
>> makes the problem formulation complex. Furthermore, no one actually kn=
ows
>> about the need and nature of policies for in these situations. It is p=
ure
>> speculations. I think that if anything, some sort of "decision policie=
s=E2=80=9D
>> could potentially be useful. Formulating it as access control problem
>> leads to very strange statements as I showed at the end of this mail:
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg01019.html
>>
>>
>> More later.
>>
>> Best regards,
>> G=C3=B6ran
>>
>>
>>
>> On 2015-03-03 21:17, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>>
>>> Hi all,
>>>
>>> On 03/03/2015 06:03 PM, G=C3=B6ran Selander wrote:
>>>> Hi Hannes,
>>>>
>>>> On 2015-03-03 14:06, "Hannes Tschofenig" <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>=

>>>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Hi all,
>>>>>
>>>>> let me try to see whether I understand the issue that's currently
>>>>> under
>>>>> discussion.
>>>>>
>>>>> It seems that the debate focuses on this requirement from the
>>>>> 'Container
>>>>> monitoring' use case:
>>>>>
>>>>> "
>>>>>     o  U1.2 Principals want to grant different access rights for
>>>>>        different resources on an endpoint.
>>>>> "
>>>>
>>>> Actually, we are not debating this U1.2 requirement. Steffi made a n=
ew
>>>> set
>>>> of requirements, see
>>>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00982.html
>>>>
>>>> The debate focused on this requirement proposed by Steffi:
>>>>
>>>> "U1.1a Principals such as the fruit vendor, the transloading personn=
el
>>>> or
>>>> the container owners want to define authorizations for their resourc=
es
>>>> and endpoints."
>>>>
>>>> (I insert =E2=80=9Ca=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Cb=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Cc=E2=80=
=9D etc. to distinguish the different versions of
>>>> requirements)
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Then Steffi proposed to split U1.1a in these requirements:
>>>>
>>>> (http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00992.html)
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> =E2=80=9CU1.1b: Resource Owners want to grant different access right=
s for their
>>>> resources to different parties.
>>>>
>>>> U1.2b: Client Owners want to define for their clients if and how the=
y
>>>> are
>>>> allowed to access resources hosted on a Resource Server."
>>>
>>> In fact I didn't want to split U1.1a. You, G=C3=B6ran, proposed in
>>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00991.html to
>>> replace U1.1 with two "requirements" as you called them. I am not hap=
py
>>> with this proposal but would have agreed to it if it helped things.
>>>
>>> The meaning of the original U1.1 problem is that principals in this u=
se
>>> case want to grant different authorizations to different people /
>>> devices / resources (meaning that devices of company A get different
>>> access rights then devices of company B). It seems that it is quite
>>> difficult to find a neutral phrasing for this problem.
>>>
>>> The split now shows a completely different aspect of this problem: we=

>>> can protect the client side or we can protect the server side or both=
=2E
>>> These really are solution specific and as we can see, this leads to
>>> people wanting to defend their favorite solution. Instead of: "users
>>> somehow want to grant different authorizations to different people" w=
e
>>> are deep into a solution space discussion about whether it is more
>>> useful to protect the server or the client side, if the client side e=
ven
>>> needs protection and so on. I would like to emphasize that this is no=
t
>>> what U1.1 is about. Maybe we can still find a better phrasing that do=
es
>>> not indicate a specific solution.
>>>
>>> The different proposals for the phrasing of U1.1 indicate a different=

>>> problem: Do we want to develop a solution that exclusively protects
>>> resources or do we also want to consider the client side? Most of us =
are
>>> more familiar with the protection of resources because we already kno=
w
>>> that from web scenarios. But in these scenarios we always have a user=

>>> that performs authorization on the client side. For constrained
>>> environments, it is not always that simple. We might have true machin=
e
>>> to machine (M2M) communication where a device must decide for itself
>>> whether something is authorized by its user or not. Moreover, devices=

>>> might not have displays and thus it might not be possible for the use=
r
>>> to directly interact with the device for authorization. Solving these=

>>> problems is not optional. And I think it is important to be aware of
>>> these problems. A solution can decide if and how to solve them.
>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Referring to the U1.1a, I proposed to clarify what U1.1b means in te=
rms
>>>> of
>>>> the actors and resources of the use case:
>>>> (http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg01000.html)
>>>>
>>>> =E2=80=9CU1.1c: Resource Owners, such as fruit vendors and container=
 owners,
>>>> want
>>>> to
>>>> grant different access rights to different parties for their respect=
ive
>>>> resources, such as temperatures and fan settings."
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> This was not agreed, see discussion about resource and client below.=

>>>>
>>>> With regards to U1.2b, I requested that this abstract statement shou=
ld
>>>> be
>>>> exemplified with actors and client devices from this use case to all=
ow
>>>> everyone to form an opinion if this is a relevant access control
>>>> problem
>>>> in the scope of ACE or not. If that can=E2=80=99t be made, then I th=
ink this
>>>> requirement is less relevant for this use case and consider leave it=

>>>> out.
>>>
>>> Imagine a specific implementation of the container scenario where the=

>>> temperature sensor is the client and the fan actuator is the server. =
The
>>> fruit vendor wants to make sure that the temperature sensor sends the=

>>> temperature values only to authorized fan actuator resources because =
she
>>> doesn't want unauthorized people to gain knowledge about the state of=

>>> the goods. The container owner wants to make sure that the server onl=
y
>>> accepts data from authorized clients. In this case, both the client
>>> owner and the resource owner will need to define access policies. The=

>>> client owner (the fruit vendor) defines a rule that states that the
>>> client (the temperature sensor) is allowed to do a PUT on resources t=
hat
>>> belong to a specific container owner. The resource owner (the contain=
er
>>> owner) defines a rule that states that clients of a certain fruit ven=
dor
>>> are allowed to do a PUT on their resources. If the temperature sensor=
 is
>>> not able to decide if a resource is authorized, it cannot enforce the=

>>> authorization decisions of its owner.
>>>
>>>>
>>>> NOTE: I=E2=80=99m not saying U1.2b is not a possible security concer=
n. I=E2=80=99m
>>>> questioning that it is an access control problem analogous to U1.1b.=

>>>> The
>>>> original requirement formulation U1.1 (in the draft) and U1.1a blurs=

>>>> the
>>>> distinction between resource and client and gives the impression tha=
t
>>>> there is an analogous client access control problem, but I don=E2=80=
=99t see
>>>> any
>>>> evidence of that from the use cases. And the current terminology is
>>>> making
>>>> the distinction difficult.
>>>>
>>>> Now we make the same exercise in your example below.
>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> The question that surfaced here is whether 'principal' is the right=

>>>>> term
>>>>> or not. The document defines principal as "A subject who is either =
a
>>>>> resource owner or a client owner or both."
>>>>>
>>>>> Here is a slightly modified example using a door lock scenario that=

>>>>> may
>>>>> help us see through this case. Imagine a family with a kid: Alice, =
Bob
>>>>> and their young child Eve.
>>>>>
>>>>> Alice and Bob bought one of these Internet connected door locks and=

>>>>> now
>>>>> want to configure it. They want to configure it in such a way that =
all
>>>>> three can enter their house just using their smart phone (and a
>>>>> specially loaded app).
>>>>>
>>>>> Whether the authorization server is included in the door lock
>>>>> itself or
>>>>> is part of some other home appliance does not really matter for the=

>>>>> moment. In any case, Alice and Bob configure the door lock in such =
a
>>>>> way
>>>>> that Eve is granted access. Alice and Bob are the owner of the
>>>>> resource
>>>>> (=3Ddoor lock) but even if they do not 'own' the door lock (but hav=
e
>>>>> rather rented it) does not really matter.
>>>>
>>>> I agree about =E2=80=9Cownership=E2=80=9D, but let=E2=80=99s keep th=
e terminology in this
>>>> example.
>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> The authorization server does not necessarily need to know that thi=
s
>>>>> access control policy is about "Eve". All it cares is that there is=
 an
>>>>> entry in the access control list that points to some credential on
>>>>> some
>>>>> device. That credential happens to point to app on the smart phone =
Eve
>>>>> is using.
>>>>>
>>>>> Now, the question is how Eve, who is the client owner, fits into th=
at
>>>>> picture. She would use her phone (=3Dclient) to request access to t=
he
>>>>> door
>>>>> but she would not be involved in provisioning the access control
>>>>> policy
>>>>> at the authorization server.
>>>>>
>>>>> Did I correctly understood this issue?
>>>>
>>>> I think you are correct in that the discussion is how the client own=
er
>>>> fits into the picture.
>>>
>>> I would also think that this is the problem. Eve uses her smartphone =
to
>>> request access to the door and is granted access depending on Alice a=
nd
>>> Bobs authorization. Eve has no influence on their decision. In the do=
or
>>> lock case this might not a big problem. Eve actively uses her smartph=
one
>>> to interact with the door lock. The phone might also display some kin=
d
>>> of dialog where Eve can decide to access the door lock or not.
>>>
>>> If Eve doesn't use her phone but a constrained device to access, e.g.=

>>> some sort of key fob, she might want to make sure that it doesn't
>>> provide her credentials to everyone who is asking.
>>>
>>>>
>>>> Whether the phone is involved or not in transporting access control
>>>> policy
>>>> or other authorization information to the resource server is not the=

>>>> issue.
>>>>
>>>> One issue we have is if the door lock can be called =E2=80=9CResourc=
e=E2=80=9D or if it
>>>> is
>>>> completely arbitrary which is =E2=80=9CResource" and which is =E2=80=
=9CClient=E2=80=9D. (I=E2=80=99m in
>>>> favour of the former.)
>>>>
>>>> One thing we do agree about is that the tenants, Alice and Bob, shou=
ld
>>>> be
>>>> able to set access policies for the lock. I think this is the analog=
ue
>>>> of
>>>> U1.1b/c. But since we can=E2=80=99t agreed whether the lock is =E2=80=
=9CResource" or
>>>> can
>>>> alternatively be =E2=80=9CClient", I can=E2=80=99t use the term =E2=80=
=9CResource Owner=E2=80=9D.  Nor
>>>> can
>>>> we use the term =E2=80=9CClient Owner=E2=80=9D. With regards to this=
, I have been
>>>> questioning the usefulness of the current terminology in the draft, =
or
>>>> how
>>>> it is applied.
>>>
>>> In the use cases document, we are defining use cases for constrained
>>> environments. Where needed, we assume CoAP as the used protocol. In C=
oAP
>>> we have two endpoints, the client and the server, that are communicat=
ing
>>> with each other. The server hosts resources that can be accessed by t=
he
>>> client. We could define that a door lock MUST be a  CoAP server and t=
hat
>>> the device accessing the door lock MUST be a CoAP client or vice vers=
a.
>>> If there is no strong evidence to do so, I would rather not restrict
>>> CoAP implementations in such a way. It seems wrong to me to say that
>>> CoAP is flexible enough to allow for all kinds of settings but
>>> unfortunately our authorization solution does not consider this
>>> flexibility which is why CoAP is less flexible if we are using
>>> authorization.
>>>
>>>>
>>>> Maybe we can use the qualification =E2=80=9Clock-Resource" and =E2=80=
=9Clock-Client" to
>>>> distinguish from other resources and clients? And then =E2=80=9Clock=
-Resource
>>>> Owner=E2=80=9D (Alice and Bob) and =E2=80=9Clock-Client Owner=E2=80=9D=
 (Eve) would also be well
>>>> defined?
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> The other issue relates to what is the problem for Eve. Consider the=

>>>> analogue of U1.2b above in this setting:
>>>>
>>>> U1.2b: "Eve wants to define for her phone if and how it is allow to
>>>> request the lock to be opened."
>>>>
>>>> To me it is quite clear that this is an awkward way of forcing an
>>>> access
>>>> control problem formulation into what isn=E2=80=99t. When Eve wants =
to open a
>>>> lock, she presses a button in the app, thereby authorizes the reques=
t.
>>>> There is no need to solve this with access control policies, transpo=
rt
>>>> authorization information, enforcement etc.  There is a natural
>>>> asymmetry
>>>> which is clearly illustrated in the use cases. We should not hide th=
at
>>>> behind strange terminology and formulations.
>>>
>>> Yes, exactly, Eve is authorizing the request. And in this specific
>>> scenario implicit authorization (an authenticated device is authorize=
d)
>>> might be good enough. Since Eve can decide what her smartphone is
>>> supposed to do, there is no need for more sophisticated authorization=

>>> policies. This is different for other use cases.
>>>
>>> If you think about it, there is also no need for sophisticated
>>> authorization on the door lock side, either. It might be sufficient i=
f a
>>> device that can be authenticated is authorized to open the door. In t=
his
>>> case, implicit authorization is sufficient on both sides. Again this =
is
>>> different for other use cases.
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>> Steffi
>>
>>
>>
>=20


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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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> we do not want to have CoAP specific terminology in the document. While
> it has to be applicable to CoAP early in the charter discussion we
> wanted to also not rule out other protocols and there is nothing really
> in the document that depends on CoAP.

1) should not depend on CoAP ≠ cannot use CoAP terminology.

2) Trying to be as general as possible here would amount to severe
mission creep.  ACE was set up to support CoAP, with a view to other
protocols, not the other way around.

(If there actually is another protocol that merits ignoring CoAP
terminology, maybe now is the time to bring it to the table.)

Grüße, Carsten


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Subject: Re: [Ace] Authorization on the client side
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From nobody Fri Mar  6 02:22:09 2015
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Date: Fri, 06 Mar 2015 11:21:57 +0100
From: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Göran,

On 03/06/2015 07:51 AM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Steffi,
>
> We need a terminology for assets and stakeholders in the use cases to
> describe the relevant access control policy problems and make security
> considerations.
>
> I propose to call all sensors and actuators (or rather assets provided by
> these) “Resources”. This allows a distinction between parties providing
> these assets and parties accessing these assets. In this way we can
> discuss the access control policies on the asset providing side without
> forcing an access control policy problem onto what isn’t, on the asset
> accessing side.
>
> Is this somehow contradicting a solution based on CoAP?

Let's use an example. Imagine a container scenario where the temperature 
sensor is the CoAP client and the fan actuator is the CoAP server. If 
you want to represent both the sensor values and the actuator settings 
by resources, this does not fit to CoAP where only the server has 
resources. It might be confusing for people if you want to distinguish 
between authorization resources and CoAP resources.

The interesting question for the use cases document is how things work 
in CoAP (or other protocols that serve the same purpose). We can discuss 
the solution design later when we know what the problems are.

>
> If so, why isn't there an associated contradiction between OAuth and HTTP?
> (Or is there?)

HTTP was designed for web scenarios and not for constrained 
environments. CoAP was designed to better address the special 
characteristics of constrained environments.

OAuth was also designed for web scenarios. In web scenarios we have an 
active user. We can solve authorization problems by asking the user. The 
use cases show that we don't always have an active user in constrained 
environments. We need to deal with this fact (or we don't but then we 
likely will not find the best solution).

Best regards,
Steffi


From nobody Fri Mar  6 03:56:37 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Hannes,

On 03/05/2015 09:47 AM, Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>
> In terms of listing the requirements in reference to the use cases, such
> as saying "fruit vendors want to grant different access rights to
> different parties to measurements of goods’ temperatures" sounds OK to
> me. The text in the use case should anyway say what rule the fruit
> vendor plays.
>

I already suggested an update of the problem summary section a while ago 
in http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00982.html that 
favors the real actors where possible:

"U1.1 Principals such as the fruit vendor, the transloading personnel or 
the container owners want to define authorizations for their resources 
and endpoints."

If the term "Principal" is offending for some reason, we can replace 
this with:

U1.1 Fruit vendors, transloading personnel and container owners want to 
define authorizations for their resources and endpoints.

"U1.2 The fruit vendor requires the integrity of the sensor data that 
pertains the state of the goods for climate control and to ensure the 
quality of the monitored recordings.

U1.3 The container owner requires the integrity of the sensor data that 
is used for climate control.

U1.4 The fruit vendor requires the confidentiality of the sensor data 
that pertains the state of the goods.

U1.5 The fruit vendor may have several types of data that may be 
controlled by the same endpoint, e.g., sensor data and the data used for 
logistics.

U1.6 The fruit vendor requires the confidentiality of the data that is 
used to locate the goods.

U1.7 The fruit vendor requires the integrity of the data that is used to 
locate the goods.

U1.8 The transloading personnel requires the integrity of the data that 
is used to locate the goods.

U1.9 The container owner and the fruit vendor may not be present at the 
time of access and cannot manually intervene in the authorization process.

U1.10 The principals want to grant temporary access permissions to a party."

We can replace this with:

U1.10 The fruit vendor, container owner and transloading company want to 
grant temporary access permissions to a party.

"U1.11 Messages between client and resource server might need to be 
forwarded over multiple hops.

U1.12 The constrained devices might not always be able to reach the 
Internet."

What do you think?

Best regards,
Steffi


From nobody Fri Mar  6 04:15:00 2015
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From nobody Fri Mar  6 06:45:39 2015
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From: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Göran,

On 03/06/2015 01:14 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
>
> On 2015-03-06 11:21, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:

>> Let's use an example. Imagine a container scenario where the temperature
>> sensor is the CoAP client and the fan actuator is the CoAP server. If
>> you want to represent both the sensor values and the actuator settings
>> by resources, this does not fit to CoAP where only the server has
>> resources. It might be confusing for people if you want to distinguish
>> between authorization resources and CoAP resources.
>
> So there are two different access control problems, each have their
> resources. A fan-resource and a temperature-client can be co-located, or a
> fan-client and temperature-server depending on where the control logic is
> hosted. What is the problem?

Maybe the scenario was not clear. The temperature sensor is a CoAP 
client. It makes a PUT on the fan setting resource of the fan device. 
The client does not have a CoAP resource. Only the server has.

The use cases document describes problems in constrained environments. 
After we described the problem we can consider how solutions fit to 
these problems. I don't think it will work very well the other way around.

Best regards,
Steffi


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To: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>, Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>, "Ace@ietf.org" <Ace@ietf.org>
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From: "Moore, Steve" <srmoore@mitre.org>
To: =?Windows-1252?Q?G=F6ran_Selander?= <goran.selander@ericsson.com>, Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>, Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>, "Ace@ietf.org" <Ace@ietf.org>
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Archived-At: <http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/ace/brIc57EdHtmNYJaT1ReWqNZI8Co>
Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi everyone (new to posting to the list, but have been watching for a bit),=
=0A=
=0A=
It seems to me that the discussion has wandered into specific implementatio=
ns of solutions to the use case. It really seems that the use case is compa=
ny A has sensors in boxes that are shipped via a container that company B o=
wns. The container has an actuator owned by company B. (I know ownership is=
 a contested thing here...) The actuator should operated based on the value=
s the sensors have. The logic could be in the fan, or it could be in the se=
nsors. The directionality of the requests could be either way. Those detail=
s are up to the people designing the Banana Container Monitoring protocol w=
hich would hopefully use the ACE protocol for authentication and authorizat=
ion. If I were building such a system I'd probably go with the CoAP observe=
 route having the fan have authorization to communicate with specific senso=
rs. There would be another set of authorizations for the guy who is loading=
 the container to modify the sensor ID list in the fan.=0A=
=0A=
In my opinion the use case should be used to highlight the types of problem=
s the spec should provide solutions to, not dictate what the specific solut=
ions for the use case should be.=0A=
=0A=
That's the long way of saying I think I agree with G=F6ran.=0A=
-steve=0A=
=0A=
________________________________________=0A=
From: Ace <ace-bounces@ietf.org> on behalf of G=F6ran Selander <goran.selan=
der@ericsson.com>=0A=
Sent: Friday, March 6, 2015 10:59 AM=0A=
To: Stefanie Gerdes; Hannes Tschofenig; Ace@ietf.org=0A=
Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document=0A=
=0A=
On 2015-03-06 15:43, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:=0A=
=0A=
>Hi G=F6ran,=0A=
>=0A=
>On 03/06/2015 01:14 PM, G=F6ran Selander wrote:=0A=
>>=0A=
>> On 2015-03-06 11:21, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:=0A=
>=0A=
>>> Let's use an example. Imagine a container scenario where the=0A=
>>>temperature=0A=
>>> sensor is the CoAP client and the fan actuator is the CoAP server. If=
=0A=
>>> you want to represent both the sensor values and the actuator settings=
=0A=
>>> by resources, this does not fit to CoAP where only the server has=0A=
>>> resources. It might be confusing for people if you want to distinguish=
=0A=
>>> between authorization resources and CoAP resources.=0A=
>>=0A=
>> So there are two different access control problems, each have their=0A=
>> resources. A fan-resource and a temperature-client can be co-located,=0A=
>>or a=0A=
>> fan-client and temperature-server depending on where the control logic=
=0A=
>>is=0A=
>> hosted. What is the problem?=0A=
>=0A=
>Maybe the scenario was not clear. The temperature sensor is a CoAP=0A=
>client. It makes a PUT on the fan setting resource of the fan device.=0A=
>The client does not have a CoAP resource. Only the server has.=0A=
=0A=
Are you thinking of a fan-client (hosted in the temperature sensor) which=
=0A=
makes a PUT of a fan setting to a fan-resource (fan actuator)? Or,=0A=
alternatively, there could be a temperature client (in the fan) receiving=
=0A=
observe notifications with temperatures from the temperature-resource=0A=
(temperature sensor) in a GET response. I=92m sorry but I still don=92t=0A=
understand the problem in any of these. Or maybe you wanted to exclude the=
=0A=
second case when you say =93the client does not have a CoAP resource=94? If=
=0A=
so, why do you make that assumption?=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
Best regards,=0A=
G=F6ran=0A=
=0A=
=0A=
>=0A=
>The use cases document describes problems in constrained environments.=0A=
>After we described the problem we can consider how solutions fit to=0A=
>these problems. I don't think it will work very well the other way around.=
=0A=
>=0A=
>Best regards,=0A=
>Steffi=0A=
=0A=
_______________________________________________=0A=
Ace mailing list=0A=
Ace@ietf.org=0A=
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace=


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Date: Fri, 06 Mar 2015 17:23:42 +0100
From: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>
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References: <54F5B1F2.6050205@gmx.net> <D11B8C9A.27E4E%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <54F616CF.20607@tzi.de> <D11D3BF0.282ED%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <54F81652.6040102@tzi.de> <D11EE738.2869D%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <54F97FC5.4020305@tzi.de> <D11F44A2.28A47%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <54F9BD0C.5070302@tzi.de> <D11F7FD5.28B25%goran.selander@ericsson.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Göran,

On 03/06/2015 04:59 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
>
>
> On 2015-03-06 15:43, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>
>> Hi Göran,
>>
>> On 03/06/2015 01:14 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
>>>
>>> On 2015-03-06 11:21, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>>
>>>> Let's use an example. Imagine a container scenario where the
>>>> temperature
>>>> sensor is the CoAP client and the fan actuator is the CoAP server. If
>>>> you want to represent both the sensor values and the actuator settings
>>>> by resources, this does not fit to CoAP where only the server has
>>>> resources. It might be confusing for people if you want to distinguish
>>>> between authorization resources and CoAP resources.
>>>
>>> So there are two different access control problems, each have their
>>> resources. A fan-resource and a temperature-client can be co-located,
>>> or a
>>> fan-client and temperature-server depending on where the control logic
>>> is
>>> hosted. What is the problem?
>>
>> Maybe the scenario was not clear. The temperature sensor is a CoAP
>> client. It makes a PUT on the fan setting resource of the fan device.
>> The client does not have a CoAP resource. Only the server has.
>
> Are you thinking of a fan-client (hosted in the temperature sensor) which
> makes a PUT of a fan setting to a fan-resource (fan actuator)? Or,
> alternatively, there could be a temperature client (in the fan) receiving
> observe notifications with temperatures from the temperature-resource
> (temperature sensor) in a GET response. I’m sorry but I still don’t
> understand the problem in any of these. Or maybe you wanted to exclude the
> second case when you say “the client does not have a CoAP resource”? If
> so, why do you make that assumption?

 From a CoAP perspective, one possibility to implement the communication 
between the temperature sensor in the banana boxes and the fan actuator 
is that the temperature sensor is the CoAP client and the fan actuator 
is the CoAP server. A CoAP client does not have a resource. Only the 
server has a resource. Your proposal seems to exclude this configuration.

Your proposal seems to require that a device MUST always implement a 
CoAP client and a CoAP server and that they change their role within the 
communication. Otherwise we cannot have resources on both sides.

Best regards,
Steffi

>
>
>
> Best regards,
> Göran
>
>
>>
>> The use cases document describes problems in constrained environments.
>> After we described the problem we can consider how solutions fit to
>> these problems. I don't think it will work very well the other way around.
>>
>> Best regards,
>> Steffi
>
>
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


From nobody Fri Mar  6 08:42:10 2015
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From: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Steve,

Thank you for you comment.

On 03/06/2015 05:14 PM, Moore, Steve wrote:
> Hi everyone (new to posting to the list, but have been watching for a bit),
>
> It seems to me that the discussion has wandered into specific implementations of solutions to the use case. It really seems that the use case is company A has sensors in boxes that are shipped via a container that company B owns. The container has an actuator owned by company B. (I know ownership is a contested thing here...) The actuator should operated based on the values the sensors have. The logic could be in the fan, or it could be in the sensors. The directionality of the requests could be either way. Those details are up to the people designing the Banana Container Monitoring protocol which would hopefully use the ACE protocol for authentication and authorization. If I were building such a system I'd probably go with the CoAP observe route having the fan have authorization to communicate with specific sensors. There would be another set of authorizations for the guy who is loading the container to modify the sensor ID list in the fan.

Yes, it should be up the implementor which device is the client and 
which is the server. I completely agree with this.

Göran proposes that we define that fruit vendors and container owners 
are resource owners. This implies that fruit vendors and container 
owners control the server since only CoAP servers have resources.

One possible configuration is that the temperature sensor of the fruit 
vendor is the client and the fan actuator is the server. If we define 
that fruit vendors are resource owners, this configuration would not be 
possible since clients don't have resources. We would need a client 
device between the server of the fruit vendor and the server of the 
container owner.

>
> In my opinion the use case should be used to highlight the types of problems the spec should provide solutions to, not dictate what the specific solutions for the use case should be.

Yes, I totally agree with this.

Thanks,
Steffi

>
> That's the long way of saying I think I agree with Göran.
> -steve
>
> ________________________________________
> From: Ace <ace-bounces@ietf.org> on behalf of Göran Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>
> Sent: Friday, March 6, 2015 10:59 AM
> To: Stefanie Gerdes; Hannes Tschofenig; Ace@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
>
> On 2015-03-06 15:43, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>
>> Hi Göran,
>>
>> On 03/06/2015 01:14 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
>>>
>>> On 2015-03-06 11:21, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>>
>>>> Let's use an example. Imagine a container scenario where the
>>>> temperature
>>>> sensor is the CoAP client and the fan actuator is the CoAP server. If
>>>> you want to represent both the sensor values and the actuator settings
>>>> by resources, this does not fit to CoAP where only the server has
>>>> resources. It might be confusing for people if you want to distinguish
>>>> between authorization resources and CoAP resources.
>>>
>>> So there are two different access control problems, each have their
>>> resources. A fan-resource and a temperature-client can be co-located,
>>> or a
>>> fan-client and temperature-server depending on where the control logic
>>> is
>>> hosted. What is the problem?
>>
>> Maybe the scenario was not clear. The temperature sensor is a CoAP
>> client. It makes a PUT on the fan setting resource of the fan device.
>> The client does not have a CoAP resource. Only the server has.
>
> Are you thinking of a fan-client (hosted in the temperature sensor) which
> makes a PUT of a fan setting to a fan-resource (fan actuator)? Or,
> alternatively, there could be a temperature client (in the fan) receiving
> observe notifications with temperatures from the temperature-resource
> (temperature sensor) in a GET response. I’m sorry but I still don’t
> understand the problem in any of these. Or maybe you wanted to exclude the
> second case when you say “the client does not have a CoAP resource”? If
> so, why do you make that assumption?
>
>
>
> Best regards,
> Göran
>
>
>>
>> The use cases document describes problems in constrained environments.
>> After we described the problem we can consider how solutions fit to
>> these problems. I don't think it will work very well the other way around.
>>
>> Best regards,
>> Steffi
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


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From: "Moore, Steve" <srmoore@mitre.org>
To: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>, =?Windows-1252?Q?G=F6ran_Selander?= <goran.selander@ericsson.com>, Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>,  "Ace@ietf.org" <Ace@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Date: Fri, 6 Mar 2015 17:40:59 +0000
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References: <54F5B1F2.6050205@gmx.net> <D11B8C9A.27E4E%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <54F616CF.20607@tzi.de> <D11D3BF0.282ED%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <54F81652.6040102@tzi.de> <D11EE738.2869D%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <54F97FC5.4020305@tzi.de> <D11F44A2.28A47%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <54F9BD0C.5070302@tzi.de> <D11F7FD5.28B25%goran.selander@ericsson.com> <1425658471858.51869@mitre.org> <54F9D8B7.4050708@tzi.de>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Ah ha, I think I now understand what the core of the discussion is. (Other
comments inline)

On 3/6/15, 11:41 AM, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:

>Hi Steve,
>
>Thank you for you comment.
>
>On 03/06/2015 05:14 PM, Moore, Steve wrote:
>> Hi everyone (new to posting to the list, but have been watching for a
>>bit),
>>
>> It seems to me that the discussion has wandered into specific
>>implementations of solutions to the use case. It really seems that the
>>use case is company A has sensors in boxes that are shipped via a
>>container that company B owns. The container has an actuator owned by
>>company B. (I know ownership is a contested thing here...) The actuator
>>should operated based on the values the sensors have. The logic could be
>>in the fan, or it could be in the sensors. The directionality of the
>>requests could be either way. Those details are up to the people
>>designing the Banana Container Monitoring protocol which would hopefully
>>use the ACE protocol for authentication and authorization. If I were
>>building such a system I'd probably go with the CoAP observe route
>>having the fan have authorization to communicate with specific sensors.
>>There would be another set of authorizations for the guy who is loading
>>the container to modify the sensor ID list in the fan.
>
>Yes, it should be up the implementor which device is the client and
>which is the server. I completely agree with this.
>
>G=F6ran proposes that we define that fruit vendors and container owners
>are resource owners. This implies that fruit vendors and container
>owners control the server since only CoAP servers have resources.
>
>One possible configuration is that the temperature sensor of the fruit
>vendor is the client and the fan actuator is the server. If we define
>that fruit vendors are resource owners, this configuration would not be
>possible since clients don't have resources. We would need a client
>device between the server of the fruit vendor and the server of the
>container owner.

Just because the fruit vendor is a resource owner doesn=B9t preclude it fro=
m
also being a client.
Taking the HTTP definition of resource (and hence CoAP=B9s definition of
resource) as a =B3network data object or service that can be identified by =
a
URI=B2, I can see the issue with =8Cresource owner=B9.
Although it should be noted that neither spec defines a =8Cresource owner=
=B9
in particular, and the CoAP spec does define that requests can include a
representation of a resource.

However, if we were to imagine a system built on MQTT, they don=B9t define =
a
resource so that issue goes away. (A bunch of others probably pop up but
that is besides the point)

I can=B9t really see a good way to define a resource owner in the abstract
case that a client can send the resource on to the server that doesn=B9t
conflict with the HTTP/CoAP resource definition.
Data Owner? Doesn=B9t seem generic enough=8A

-steve

>
>>
>> In my opinion the use case should be used to highlight the types of
>>problems the spec should provide solutions to, not dictate what the
>>specific solutions for the use case should be.
>
>Yes, I totally agree with this.
>
>Thanks,
>Steffi
>
>>
>> That's the long way of saying I think I agree with G=F6ran.
>> -steve
>>
>> ________________________________________
>> From: Ace <ace-bounces@ietf.org> on behalf of G=F6ran Selander
>><goran.selander@ericsson.com>
>> Sent: Friday, March 6, 2015 10:59 AM
>> To: Stefanie Gerdes; Hannes Tschofenig; Ace@ietf.org
>> Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
>>
>> On 2015-03-06 15:43, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>>
>>> Hi G=F6ran,
>>>
>>> On 03/06/2015 01:14 PM, G=F6ran Selander wrote:
>>>>
>>>> On 2015-03-06 11:21, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>>>
>>>>> Let's use an example. Imagine a container scenario where the
>>>>> temperature
>>>>> sensor is the CoAP client and the fan actuator is the CoAP server. If
>>>>> you want to represent both the sensor values and the actuator
>>>>>settings
>>>>> by resources, this does not fit to CoAP where only the server has
>>>>> resources. It might be confusing for people if you want to
>>>>>distinguish
>>>>> between authorization resources and CoAP resources.
>>>>
>>>> So there are two different access control problems, each have their
>>>> resources. A fan-resource and a temperature-client can be co-located,
>>>> or a
>>>> fan-client and temperature-server depending on where the control logic
>>>> is
>>>> hosted. What is the problem?
>>>
>>> Maybe the scenario was not clear. The temperature sensor is a CoAP
>>> client. It makes a PUT on the fan setting resource of the fan device.
>>> The client does not have a CoAP resource. Only the server has.
>>
>> Are you thinking of a fan-client (hosted in the temperature sensor)
>>which
>> makes a PUT of a fan setting to a fan-resource (fan actuator)? Or,
>> alternatively, there could be a temperature client (in the fan)
>>receiving
>> observe notifications with temperatures from the temperature-resource
>> (temperature sensor) in a GET response. I=B9m sorry but I still don=B9t
>> understand the problem in any of these. Or maybe you wanted to exclude
>>the
>> second case when you say =B3the client does not have a CoAP resource=B2?=
 If
>> so, why do you make that assumption?
>>
>>
>>
>> Best regards,
>> G=F6ran
>>
>>
>>>
>>> The use cases document describes problems in constrained environments.
>>> After we described the problem we can consider how solutions fit to
>>> these problems. I don't think it will work very well the other way
>>>around.
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>> Steffi
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ace mailing list
>> Ace@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>>
>
>--=20
>Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
>TZI Universit=E4t Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
>Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
>28359 Bremen, Germany


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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Steve,

On 03/06/2015 06:40 PM, Moore, Steve wrote:
> Ah ha, I think I now understand what the core of the discussion is. (Other
> comments inline)
>
> On 3/6/15, 11:41 AM, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>
>> Hi Steve,
>>
>> Thank you for you comment.
>>
>> On 03/06/2015 05:14 PM, Moore, Steve wrote:
>>> Hi everyone (new to posting to the list, but have been watching for a
>>> bit),
>>>
>>> It seems to me that the discussion has wandered into specific
>>> implementations of solutions to the use case. It really seems that the
>>> use case is company A has sensors in boxes that are shipped via a
>>> container that company B owns. The container has an actuator owned by
>>> company B. (I know ownership is a contested thing here...) The actuator
>>> should operated based on the values the sensors have. The logic could be
>>> in the fan, or it could be in the sensors. The directionality of the
>>> requests could be either way. Those details are up to the people
>>> designing the Banana Container Monitoring protocol which would hopefully
>>> use the ACE protocol for authentication and authorization. If I were
>>> building such a system I'd probably go with the CoAP observe route
>>> having the fan have authorization to communicate with specific sensors.
>>> There would be another set of authorizations for the guy who is loading
>>> the container to modify the sensor ID list in the fan.
>>
>> Yes, it should be up the implementor which device is the client and
>> which is the server. I completely agree with this.
>>
>> Göran proposes that we define that fruit vendors and container owners
>> are resource owners. This implies that fruit vendors and container
>> owners control the server since only CoAP servers have resources.
>>
>> One possible configuration is that the temperature sensor of the fruit
>> vendor is the client and the fan actuator is the server. If we define
>> that fruit vendors are resource owners, this configuration would not be
>> possible since clients don't have resources. We would need a client
>> device between the server of the fruit vendor and the server of the
>> container owner.
>
> Just because the fruit vendor is a resource owner doesn¹t preclude it from
> also being a client.
> Taking the HTTP definition of resource (and hence CoAP¹s definition of
> resource) as a ³network data object or service that can be identified by a
> URI², I can see the issue with Œresource owner¹.
> Although it should be noted that neither spec defines a Œresource owner¹
> in particular, and the CoAP spec does define that requests can include a
> representation of a resource.
>
> However, if we were to imagine a system built on MQTT, they don¹t define a
> resource so that issue goes away. (A bunch of others probably pop up but
> that is besides the point)
>
> I can¹t really see a good way to define a resource owner in the abstract
> case that a client can send the resource on to the server that doesn¹t
> conflict with the HTTP/CoAP resource definition.
> Data Owner? Doesn¹t seem generic enoughŠ

Right now the use cases document uses the term "principal": A subject 
who is either a resource owner or a client owner or both.

Göran's proposal is to replace the term "principal" by "resource owner". 
This is one part of the current discussion.

Best regards,
Steffi



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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Cc: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>
Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Göran,

On 03/07/2015 08:19 AM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Steffi, hi Steve
>
> In the last few mails have surfaced some new aspects and I think I
> understand better what you are after, Steffi. Thanks Steve for stepping in
> and provided a outside view.

So we agree that we want to leave it to the implementers to decide which 
device is the CoAP client and which is the CoAP server?

>
> A lot of the discussion so far has centered on whether this issue on the
> client side is an access control problem or not. I maintain it isn’t, and
> I believe I have support for that opinion. Just because the client is
> constrained doesn’t change that, unfortunately.

If we don't want to exclude settings where the fruit vendor's sensor is 
the client we need to make sure that the client is able to enforce the 
security policies of its owner. Authorization on the server side will 
not solve this problem. Authorization on the client side does. 
Considering this, I see no reason to exclude client side authorization.

>
> Trying to be more constructive, the similarity between the client problem
> and server problem is that both are about the need for dynamic
> reconfiguration of information which will impact how they act and
> interact. On a high level, is this the problem you want to work on in ACE?
> This is not what springs to my mind when I read the charter, but then
> again, we seem to interpret "authorization" quite differently. (Let’s not
> make this a “Charter and Dictionary” sequel, I’m just trying to summarize
> how we got into the trenches to see if we can get out.)
>
> Now the problem with terminology. Current terminology essentially only
> uses the term “principal" which essentially means “anyone”.

A principal is "a subject who is either a resource owner or a client 
owner or both" and therefore refers to the subject who controls the 
authorizations for a resource and / or a client. Since the important 
aspect is who is in charge of authorizations, I would think that this is 
exactly the term that we need here. We can remove the terms client owner 
and resource owner as you proposed and change the definition of 
principal to:

Principal: The subject who controls the authorizations for a resource 
and / or a client.

 > Maybe it is good idea anyway if we leave out architecture implying
 > terminology in the use case document for now, or just have a term for
 > “stakeholder”, and first have a discussion whether we should work beyond
 > access control in ACE?

I don't see a need right now to discuss if we want to work on other 
things then authentication and authorization in ACE.

 >
 > (A feeble thought here: rather than focus of “Resource”, one could focus
 > on “Source” (GET Server or PUT/POST Client) as a contast to “Sink” (GET
 > Client or PUT/POST Server). Then at least one gets a hint to why the
 > problem you want to solve is somehow intertwined in client and server.)

I prefer to describe the problems using the CoAP terminology because we 
want to find an authorization solution that works with CoAP or similar 
protocols in this area. It might be difficult to figure out how to map 
something to CoAP if we use a different terminology in the use cases.

Best regards,
Steffi


From nobody Sun Mar  8 13:35:00 2015
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Thread-Topic: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Subject: [Ace] draft-tschofenig-ace-oauth-iot-01 and draft-tschofenig-ace-oauth-bt-01
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<html><head></head><body><div style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 12.0px;"><div>Refreshed these two documents to prevent them from expiring:&nbsp;</div>

<div>http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-tschofenig-ace-oauth-iot-01.txt</div>

<div>http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-tschofenig-ace-oauth-bt-01.txt</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>Ciao<br/>
Hannes</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div>

<div>&nbsp;</div></div></body></html>


From nobody Mon Mar  9 03:06:54 2015
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Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2015 11:06:42 +0100
From: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Göran,

I think you forgot to include the mailing list.

On 03/09/2015 10:08 AM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Steffi,
>
> Let’s be brief, since you are probably also working on other drafts.
>
> This is a use case document. We should just describe what we consider are
> the relevant to understand the access control problems of the use cases.
> What you describe as acccess control problem (or authorization problems)
> on the client is
> not what I call an access control problem. Hence when you refer to
> authorizations of a client I don’t consider that to be in scope of ACE.

Yes, we should describe the problems that we have in certain use cases. 
Your proposal that we do authorization solely on the server side is not 
a problem. It is a solution.

>
> For the same reason, I don’t propose a new formulation, because you will
> not approve of one which doesn’t explicitly mention the client, right?

Wrong. I only want to make sure that the phrasing does not indicate that 
authorization on the server side is more important.

> Or
> would you accept something more general such as "Principal is an entity
> setting access control polices” (I haven’t polished on this formulation as
> it may be just a waste of time)

How about "Principal: The subject who is in charge of granting 
authorizations".

>
> I don’t expect anyone of us to change opinion about this today, do you?
>
> When do you want an update of the security considerations?

Since the client side / server side authorization problem is not 
mentioned in the security considerations as far as I can see, I don't 
see a need to update this section. If you see a problem there, please 
point it out to me.

Concerning the problem summary sections, do we agree on the proposal in 
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg01042.html:

U1.1 Fruit vendors, transloading personnel and container owners want to 
define authorizations for their resources and endpoints.

We can change this to:

U1.1 Fruit vendors, transloading personnel and container owners want to 
grant different authorizations for their resources and/or endpoints to 
different parties.

or to:

U1.1 Fruit vendors, transloading personnel and container owners want to 
grant different authorizations to different parties.

U1.2 The fruit vendor requires the integrity of the sensor data that 
pertains the state of the goods for climate control and to ensure the 
quality of the monitored recordings.

U1.3 The container owner requires the integrity of the sensor data that 
is used for climate control.

U1.4 The fruit vendor requires the confidentiality of the sensor data 
that pertains the state of the goods.

U1.5 The fruit vendor may have several types of data that may be 
controlled by the same endpoint, e.g., sensor data and the data used for 
logistics.

U1.6 The fruit vendor requires the confidentiality of the data that is 
used to locate the goods.

U1.7 The fruit vendor requires the integrity of the data that is used to 
locate the goods.

U1.8 The transloading personnel requires the integrity of the data that 
is used to locate the goods.

U1.9 The container owner and the fruit vendor may not be present at the 
time of access and cannot manually intervene in the authorization process.

U1.10 The fruit vendor, container owner and transloading company want to 
grant temporary access permissions to a party.

U1.11 Messages between client and resource server might need to be 
forwarded over multiple hops.

U1.12 The constrained devices might not always be able to reach the 
Internet.

Best regards,
Steffi


From nobody Mon Mar  9 03:48:12 2015
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Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2015 15:01:19 +0100
From: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] U1.2 in Use Case Document
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Hi Göran

On 03/09/2015 11:48 AM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Steffi,
>
>
> On 2015-03-09 11:06, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>
>> Hi Göran,
>>
>> I think you forgot to include the mailing list.
>
> Well, no I didn't, I responded to a mail directly from you.

Oh I see, my mistake, sorry.

>
>>
>> On 03/09/2015 10:08 AM, Göran Selander wrote:
>>> Hi Steffi,
>>>
>>> Let’s be brief, since you are probably also working on other drafts.
>>>
>>> This is a use case document. We should just describe what we consider
>>> are
>>> the relevant to understand the access control problems of the use cases.
>>> What you describe as acccess control problem (or authorization problems)
>>> on the client is
>>> not what I call an access control problem. Hence when you refer to
>>> authorizations of a client I don’t consider that to be in scope of ACE.
>>
>> Yes, we should describe the problems that we have in certain use cases.
>> Your proposal that we do authorization solely on the server side is not
>> a problem. It is a solution.
>
> My proposal is to describe the problems you see in each use cases and
> don’t hide behind terminology.

Great, then we agree on this.

>>> For the same reason, I don’t propose a new formulation, because you will
>>> not approve of one which doesn’t explicitly mention the client, right?
>>
>> Wrong. I only want to make sure that the phrasing does not indicate that
>> authorization on the server side is more important.
>>
>>> Or
>>> would you accept something more general such as "Principal is an entity
>>> setting access control polices” (I haven’t polished on this formulation
>>> as
>>> it may be just a waste of time)
>>
>> How about "Principal: The subject who is in charge of granting
>> authorizations".
>
> I think there may be a problem if we would agree on a term that we both
> know is interpreted differently. And I don’t think the term is necessary.
> Please find at the end of this mail a proposed update to the security and
> privacy considerations (sections 3 & 4) without the terms “Principal”,
> “Client” and “Resource Server”.
>
>
>>
>>>
>>> I don’t expect anyone of us to change opinion about this today, do you?
>>>
>>> When do you want an update of the security considerations?
>>
>> Since the client side / server side authorization problem is not
>> mentioned in the security considerations as far as I can see, I don't
>> see a need to update this section. If you see a problem there, please
>> point it out to me.
>>
>> Concerning the problem summary sections, do we agree on the proposal in
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg01042.html:
>>
>> U1.1 Fruit vendors, transloading personnel and container owners want to
>> define authorizations for their resources and endpoints.
>>
>> We can change this to:
>>
>> U1.1 Fruit vendors, transloading personnel and container owners want to
>> grant different authorizations for their resources and/or endpoints to
>> different parties.
>>
>> or to:
>>
>> U1.1 Fruit vendors, transloading personnel and container owners want to
>> grant different authorizations to different parties.
>>
>> U1.2 The fruit vendor requires the integrity of the sensor data that
>> pertains the state of the goods for climate control and to ensure the
>> quality of the monitored recordings.
>>
>> U1.3 The container owner requires the integrity of the sensor data that
>> is used for climate control.
>>
>> U1.4 The fruit vendor requires the confidentiality of the sensor data
>> that pertains the state of the goods.
>>
>> U1.5 The fruit vendor may have several types of data that may be
>> controlled by the same endpoint, e.g., sensor data and the data used for
>> logistics.
>>
>> U1.6 The fruit vendor requires the confidentiality of the data that is
>> used to locate the goods.
>>
>> U1.7 The fruit vendor requires the integrity of the data that is used to
>> locate the goods.
>>
>> U1.8 The transloading personnel requires the integrity of the data that
>> is used to locate the goods.
>>
>> U1.9 The container owner and the fruit vendor may not be present at the
>> time of access and cannot manually intervene in the authorization process.
>>
>> U1.10 The fruit vendor, container owner and transloading company want to
>> grant temporary access permissions to a party.
>>
>> U1.11 Messages between client and resource server might need to be
>> forwarded over multiple hops.
>>
>> U1.12 The constrained devices might not always be able to reach the
>> Internet.
>
> This is fine by me.

Okay, I will change the draft accordingly.

>
> Best Regards,
> Göran
>
>>
>> Best regards,
>> Steffi
>
>
> Below are sections 3 & 4 with duplicate paragraphs labelled them “OLD” and
> NEW” for comparison.
>
>
>
> 3.  Security Considerations
>
>     As the use cases listed in this document demonstrate, constrained
>     devices are used in various application areas.  The appeal of these
>     devices is that they are small and inexpensive.  That makes it easy
>     to integrate them into many aspects of everyday life.  Therefore, the
>     devices will be entrusted with vast amounts of valuable data or even
>     control functions, that need to be protected from unauthorized
>     access.  Moreover, the aggregation of data must be considered:
>     attackers might not only collect data from a single device but from
>     many devices, thus increasing the potential damage.
>
>     Not only the data on the constrained devices themselves is
>     threatened, the devices might also be abused as an intrusion point to
>     infiltrate a network.  Once an attacker gained control over the
>     device, it can be used to attack other devices as well.  Due to their
>     limited capabilities, constrained devices appear as the weakest link
>     in the network and hence pose an attractive target for attackers.
>
>     This section summarizes the security problems highlighted by the use
>     cases above and provides guidelines for the design of protocols for
>     authentication and authorization in constrained RESTful environments.
>
> 3.1.  Attacks
>
> OLD
>     This document lists security problems that principals of constrained
>     devices want to solve.  Further analysis of attack scenarios is not
>     in scope of the document.  However, there are attacks that must be
>     considered by solution developers.
> NEW
>     This document lists security problems of constrained-node networks.
>     Further analysis of attack scenarios is not
>     in scope of the document.  However, there are attacks that must be
>     considered by solution developers.

Maybe we can replace the first sentence with:
This document lists authorization problems that users of 
constrained-node networks want to solve.

"Security problem" was a bit too broad in the first place and the 
document focuses on owner/principal/user problems.

<snip>


> 3.2.  Configuration of Access Permissions
>
> OLD
>     o  The access control policies of the principals need to be enforced
>        (all use cases): The information that is needed to implement the
>        access control policies of the Principals need to be provided to
>        the device that enforces the authorization and applied to every
>        incoming request.
> NEW
>     o  The access control policies need to be enforced
>        (all use cases): The information that is needed to implement the
>        access control policies need to be provided to
>        the device that enforces the authorization and applied to every
>        incoming request.

Okay.

<snip>

>
> 3.3.  Design Considerations for Authorization Solutions
>
> OLD
>     o  Devices need to be enabled to enforce the principal's
>        authorization policies without the principal's intervention at the
>        time of the access request (see e.g.  Section 2.1, Section 2.2,
>        Section 2.4, Section 2.5).
> NEW
>     o  Devices need to be enabled to enforce
>        authorization policies without human intervention at the
>        time of the access request (see e.g.  Section 2.1, Section 2.2,
>        Section 2.4, Section 2.5).

Okay.

<snip>

>
> OLD
>     o  Principals might define authorization policies for a large number
>        of devices that might only have intermittent connectivity.
>        Distributing policy updates to every device for every update might
>        not be a feasible solution (see e.g.  Section 2.5).
> NEW
>     o  Authorization policies may be defined to apply to a large number
>        of devices that might only have intermittent connectivity.
>        Distributing policy updates to every device for every update might
>        not be a feasible solution (see e.g.  Section 2.5).

Okay.

<snip>

> 3.4.  Proxies
>
> OLD
>     In some cases, the traffic between Client and Resource Server might
>     go through intermediary nodes (e.g. proxies, gateways).  This might
>     affect the function or the security model of authentication and
>     access control protocols e.g. end-to-end security between Client and
>     Resource Server with DTLS might not be possible (see Section 2.5).
> NEW
>     In some cases, the traffic between endpoints might
>     go through intermediary nodes (e.g. proxies, gateways).  This might
>     affect the function or the security model of authentication and
>     access control protocols e.g. end-to-end security between endpoints
>     with DTLS might not be possible (see Section 2.5).

Okay.

<snip>

> OLD
>     Privacy protection can also be weighted in when evaluating the need
>     for end-to-end confidentiality, since otherwise intermediary nodes
>     will learn the content of potentially sensitive messages sent between
>     a client and a resource server and thereby endanger the privacy of
>     the individual that may be subject of this data.
> NEW
>     Privacy protection can also be weighted in when evaluating the need
>     for end-to-end confidentiality, since otherwise intermediary nodes
>     will learn the content of potentially sensitive messages sent between
>     endpoints and thereby endanger the privacy of
>     the individual that may be subject of this data.

Okay.

>
>
> OLD
>     In some cases, even the possession of a certain type of device can be
>     confidential, e.g. principals might not want to others to know that
>     they are wearing a certain medical device (see Section 2.3).
> NEW
>     In some cases, even the possession of a certain type of device can be
>     confidential, e.g. individuals might not want to others to know that
>     they are wearing a certain medical device (see Section 2.3).

Okay.

>
> OLD
>     The personal health monitoring use case (see Section 2.3) indicates
>     the need for secure audit logs which impose specific requirements on
>     a solution.  Auditing is not in the scope of ACE.  However, if an
>     authorization solution provides means for audit logs, it must
>     consider the impact of logged data for the privacy of the principal
>     and other parties involved.  Suitable measures for protecting and
>     purging the logs must be taken during operation, maintenance and
>     decommissioning of the device.
> NEW
>     The personal health monitoring use case (see Section 2.3) indicates
>     the need for secure audit logs which impose specific requirements on
>     a solution.  Auditing is not in the scope of ACE.  However, if an
>     authorization solution provides means for audit logs, it must
>     consider the impact of logged data for the privacy of all parties
> involved.
>     Suitable measures for protecting and
>     purging the logs must be taken during operation, maintenance and
>     decommissioning of the device.

Okay.

So if you agree to the change in the attack section I suggested above, I 
will update the draft accordingly.

Additionally, I will go through the sections and replace the term 
principal with terms such as "user" or "individual".

I assume that we remove the terms "resource", "resource server", 
"client", "resource owner", "client owner" and "principal" from the 
terminology section?

Best regards,
Steffi


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From nobody Mon Mar  9 08:45:57 2015
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Subject: [Ace] Protecting the physical access to a device
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Hi all,

while reading through the draft, I stumbled upon the following sentence 
in the health monitoring use case:

"The device includes some authentication mechanism, in order to prevent
other persons who get physical access to it from acting as the owner and
messing up the access control and security settings."

I was wondering whether this sentence intentionally addresses physical 
access and whether an authentication mechanism can help against physical 
attacks. If not, we might remove the term "physical" here. What do you 
think?

Best regards,
Steffi


-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


From nobody Mon Mar  9 09:28:26 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Unique resource identifiers
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FYI, a side-effect of the UMA model of enabling loose coupling of a =
resource server and authorization server was that the RS has to register =
"resource sets" (nominally sets of multiple resources, but in practice =
individual resources) and available scopes over them with the AS, so =
that the AS can attach authorization policies to them. The act of =
registration involves creating a (web) resource on the AS side, for =
which the AS ends up assigning a resource ID and sending back an ID in a =
Location header.

Info on this mechanism is in this spec (which is generic and could be =
applied to OAuth and OIDC, as well as UMA):

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hardjono-oauth-resource-reg-05

	Eve

> On 21 Jan 2015, at 6:06 AM, Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se> wrote:
>=20
> Hello,
>=20
> I'm just (re-)thinking the issue of authorization tokens and how to
> encode authorization decisions, and the following problem has come up:
>=20
> We need to uniquely identify a resource in order to do any kind of
> non-local authorization on it.
>=20
> At first the obvious approach seemed to be to use Uri-host and =
Uri-path
> of the origin server, but there are several problems with this:
>=20
>=20
> 1.) The origin server might change address, see e.g.
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/core/current/msg05625.html
>=20
> 2.) The resource might not be on the origin server when access control
> has to be performed, say e.g. a store-and-forward scenario, or a
> publish-subscribe scenario as in
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-koster-core-coapmq-00.
>=20
> I think we might need some unique resource identifier that is neither
> dependent on the host address nor on the internal resource hierarchies
> on the origin server.
>=20
> The added benefit would be that a proxy could handle encrypted
> resource representations, without gaining any knowledge about the
> internal resource structure on the origin server.
>=20
> What do you think about this issue?
>=20
> Regards,
>=20
> Ludwig Seitz
>=20
> PS: Sorry for cross-posting this to CoRE, but I suspect we might get
> some useful input from there.
>=20
> --=20
> Ludwig Seitz, PhD
> SICS Swedish ICT AB
> Ideon Science Park
> Building Beta 2
> Scheelev=C3=A4gen 17
> SE-223 70 Lund
>=20
> Phone +46(0)70-349 92 51
> http://www.sics.se
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace


Eve Maler | cell +1 425.345.6756 | Skype: xmlgrrl | Twitter: @xmlgrrl


From nobody Mon Mar  9 10:31:24 2015
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Hi all,

The Industrial Control System section still indicates a certain 
client/server setting. We could resolve this as follows:

Old:

  The main interest of the operator is to ensure the integrity of
    control messages and sensor readings.  The access to some resources
    needs to be restricted to certain clients, e.g. the operator wants
    wireless actuators only to accept commands by authorized control
    units.

New:

  The main interest of the operator is to ensure the integrity of
    control messages and sensor readings. Access in some cases
    needs to be restricted, e.g. the operator wants
    wireless actuators only to accept commands by authorized control
    units.

If you have no objections, we will include this in the next update.

Best regards,
Steffi


-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


From nobody Mon Mar  9 10:39:10 2015
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Hi all,

Please find below the new problem summary sections. Since we want to 
update the draft before the Internet Draft submission cut-off please 
respond quickly (until 21:00 UTC) if you have any objections.


The problem summary section for the home automation use case was not 
changed.

Health Monitoring:

Old:

   o  U3.1 A principal, such as the owner of a health monitoring device,
       wants to pre-configure access rights to specific data for persons
       or groups, in the context of an emergency.
    o  U3.2 A principal wants to selectively allow different persons or
       groups to access medical data.
    o  U3.3 The security measures could affect battery lifetime of the
       devices and should changes of battery are highly inconvenient.
    o  U3.4 Devices are often used with default access control settings.
    o  U3.5 Principals are often not trained in computer use and
       especially computer security.
    o  U3.6 Security mechanisms themselves could provide opportunities
       for denial of service attacks on the device.
    o  U3.7 The device provides a service that can be fatal for the
       principal if it fails.  Accordingly, the principal wants a
       security mechanism to provide a high level of security.

New:

* U3.1  The wearer of an eHealth device (John in the example above) 
wants to pre-configure special access rights in the context of an emergency.
* U3.2 The wearer of an eHealth device wants to selectively allow 
different persons or groups access to medical data.
* U3.3 The Security measures could affect battery lifetime of the device 
and changing the battery is very inconvenient.
* U3.4 Devices are often used with default access control settings.
* U3.5 Wearers of eHealth devices are often not trained in computer use, 
and especially computer security.
* U3.6 Security mechanisms themselves could provide opportunities for 
denial of service attacks on the device.
* U3.7 The device provides a service that can be fatal for the wearer if 
it fails.  Accordingly, the wearer wants a security mechanism to provide 
a high level of security.


Building Automation:

old:

    o  U4.1 Principals want to be able to add a new device to their
       administrative domain (commissioning).
    o  U4.2 Principals want to be able to integrate a device that
       formerly belonged to a different administrative domain to their
       own administrative domain (handover).
    o  U4.3 Principal want to be able to remove a device from their
       administrative domain (decomissioning).
    o  U4.4 Principals want to be able to delegate selected
       administration tasks for their devices to others.
    o  U4.5 The principal wants to be able to define context-based
       Authorization rules.
    o  U4.6 The principal wants to be able to revoke granted permissions
       and delegations.
   o  U4.7 The principal wants to allow authorized entities to send data
       to their endpoints (default deny).
    o  U4.8 The principal wants to be able to authorize a device to
       control several devices at the same time using a multicast
       protocol.
    o  U4.9 Principals want to be able to interconnect their own
       subsystems with those from a different operational domain while
       keeping the control over the authorizations (e.g. granting and
       revoking permissions) for their endpoints and devices.

new:

* U4.1 The building owner and the companies want to be able to add new 
devices to their administrative domain (commissioning).
* U4.2 The building owner and the companies want to be able to integrate 
a device that formerly belonged to a different administrative domain to 
their own administrative domain (handover).
* U4.3 The building owner and the companies want to be able to remove a 
device from their administrative domain (decomissioning).
* U4.4 The building owner and the companies want to be able to delegate 
selected administration tasks for their devices to others.
* U4.5 The building owner and the companies want to be able to define
   context-based authorization rules.
* U4.6 The building owner and the companies want to be able to revoke 
granted permissions and delegations.
* U4.7 The building owner and the companies want to allow authorized 
entities to send data to their endpoints (default deny).
* U4.8 The building owner and the companies want to be able to authorize 
a device to control several devices at the same time using a multicast 
protocol.
* U4.9 The companies want to be able to interconnect their own 
subsystems with those from a different operational domain while keeping 
the control over the authorizations (e.g. granting and revoking 
permissions) for their endpoints and devices.

Smart Metering:

* U5.1  Devices are installed in hostile environments where they are 
physically accessible by attackers.  The service operator and the 
utility company	want to make sure that an attacker cannot use a captured 
device to attack other parts of their infrastructure.
* U5.2  The utility company wants to restrict which entities are allowed 
to send data to their endpoints and to ensure the integrity of the data 
on their endpoints.	
* U5.3  The utility company wants to control which entities are allowed 
to read data on their endpoints and protect such data in transfer.
* U5.4  The devices may have intermittent Internet connectivity.
* U5.5  Neither the service operator nor the utility company are 
always present	at the time of access and cannot manually intervene in 
the authorization process.
* U5.6  When authorization policies are updated it is impossible, or at 
least very inefficient to contact all affected endpoints directly.

Old:

* U5.7 Messages between clients and resource servers may need to be 
stored and forwarded over multiple nodes.

New:

* U5.7 Messages between endpoints may need to be stored	and forwarded 
over multiple nodes.

Sports and Entertainment:

Old:
    o  U6.1 The principal wants to be able to grant access rights
       dynamically when needed.
    o  U6.2 The principle wants the configuration of access rights to
       work with very little effort.
    o  U6.3 The principal wants to be able to preconfigure access
       policies that grant certain access permissions to endpoints with
       certain attributes (e.g. endpoints of a certain user) without
       additional configuration effort at the time of access.
    o  U6.4 Principals wants to protect the confidentiality of their data
       for privacy reasons.
    o  U6.5 Devices might not have an Internet connection at the time of
       access.

New:
* U6.1 Sports equipment owners want to be able to grant access rights
   dynamically when needed.
* U6.2 Sports equipment owners want the configuration of access rights
   to work with very little effort.
* U6.3 Sports equipment owners want to be able to preconfigure access
   policies that grant certain access permissions to endpoints with
   certain attributes (e.g. endpoints of a certain user) without
   additional configuration effort at the time of access.
* U6.4 Sports equipment owners to protect the confidentiality of their
   data for privacy reasons.
* U6.5 Devices might not have an Internet connection at the time of
   access.

Industrial Control Systems:

Old:
    o  U7.1 The principal wants to ensure that only authorized clients
       can read data from sensors and sent commands to actuators.
    o  U7.2 The principal wants to ensure that data coming from sensors
       and commands sent to actuators are authentic.
    o  U7.3 Some devices do not have direct Internet connection.
    o  U7.4 Some devices have wired connection while others use wireless.
    o  U7.5 The execution of unauthorized commands in an ICS can lead to
       significant financial damage, and threaten the availability of
       critical infrastructure services.  Accordingly, the principal
       wants a security solution that provides a very high level of
       security.

New:
* U7.1 The operator of the platform wants to ensure the
   confidentiality of sensor data and the integrity of actuator data.
* U7.2 The operator wants to ensure that data coming from sensors and
   commands sent to actuators are authentic.
* U7.3 Some devices do not have direct Internet connection.
* U7.4 Some devices have wired connection while others use wireless.
* U7.5 The execution of unauthorized commands in an ICS can lead to
   significant financial damage, and threaten the availability of
   critical infrastructure services.  Accordingly, the operator wants a
   security solution that provides a very high level of security.


Best regards,
Steffi


-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


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--Apple-Mail=_6B73AB3A-438A-4B3E-97CC-2A0E08262474
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Hello,

I've just read the ace-usecases-02 I-D, and here are my comments.

Title: ACE use cases

It seems the document is more than just description of the use cases. It =
includes authorization problems, design considerations (sometimes =
reading like requirements), attacks, etc. It'd be better to rename the =
document to capture the actual scope.

   These use cases aim at identifying authorization
   problems that arise during the lifecycle of a constrained device.
   Note that this document does not aim at collecting all possible use
   cases.


At times the document also talks about authentication, integrity =
protection, and confidentiality. Again, scope is not really limited to =
"authorization" only as the aforementioned text states.


   They
   are connected to the Internet through an intermediary base-station,
   using wireless technologies. =20

Later smartphone is given as an example of "access point." It may be =
better to replace the term "base-station" with "device, such as =
smartphone, access point, or base station."

   The device includes some authentication mechanism, in order to
   prevent other persons who get physical access to it from acting as
   the owner and messing up the access control and security settings.

s/authentication/authentication and authorization


   o  U5.6 When authorization policies are updated it is impossible, or
      at least very inefficient to contact all affected endpoints
      directly.

s/directly/simultaneously??

   Due to their
   limited capabilities, constrained devices appear as the weakest link
   in the network and hence pose an attractive target for attackers.

Physical accessibility is an important factor here too.


   o  Usability is important for all use cases.  The configuration of
      authorization policies as well as the gaining access to devices
      must be simple for the users of the devices.  Special care needs
      to be taken for home scenarios where access control policies have
      to be configured by users that are typically not trained in
      security (see Section 2.2, Section 2.3, Section 2.6).


Actually, in addition to the home scenario, sports&entertainment, =
personal health care, and even building automation have same kind of =
non-techie users involved.


Question: is this document supposed to cover the requirements as well, =
or will there be a separate document for that? If former, then I think =
there's more work needed on the document.

Thanks.

Alper










--Apple-Mail=_6B73AB3A-438A-4B3E-97CC-2A0E08262474
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
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	charset=us-ascii

<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Hello,<div><br></div><div>I've =
just read the ace-usecases-02 I-D, and here are my =
comments.</div><div><br></div><div>Title:&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: =
12px; ">ACE use cases</span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
face=3D"Courier">It seems the document is more than just description of =
the use cases. It includes authorization problems, design considerations =
(sometimes reading like requirements), attacks, etc. It'd be better to =
rename the document to capture the actual scope.</font></div><div><font =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" face=3D"Courier"><br></font></div><div><font =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" face=3D"Courier"><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;These use cases =
aim at identifying authorization</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; problems that arise =
during the lifecycle of a constrained device.</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp; Note that this document does not aim at collecting all =
possible use</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; =
cases.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>At times the document =
also talks about authentication, integrity protection, and =
confidentiality. Again, scope is not really limited to "authorization" =
only as the aforementioned text =
states.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;They</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp; are connected to the Internet through an intermediary =
base-station,</div></div></font><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;using =
wireless technologies. &nbsp;</span></div><div><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: =
12px; "><br></span></div><div><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
face=3D"Courier">Later smartphone is given as an example of "access =
point." It may be better to replace the term "base-station" with =
"device, such as smartphone, access point, or base =
station."</font></div><div><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
face=3D"Courier"><br></font></div><div><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
face=3D"Courier"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;The device includes some =
authentication mechanism, in order to</div></font><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: =
12px; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;prevent other persons who get physical access to it =
from acting as</span><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
face=3D"Courier"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; the owner and messing up the access =
control and security settings.</div></font></div><div><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: =
12px; "><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
">s/authentication/authentication and =
authorization</span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; "><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp; &nbsp;o&nbsp; U5.6 When authorization policies are updated it =
is impossible, or</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; at least very inefficient to =
contact all affected endpoints</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
directly.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">s/directly/simultaneously??</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;Due to =
their</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; limited capabilities, constrained =
devices appear as the weakest link</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; in the network and =
hence pose an attractive target for attackers.</div></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
"><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">Physical accessibility is an important factor =
here too.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;o&nbsp; =
Usability is important for all use cases.&nbsp; The configuration =
of</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: =
0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; authorization policies as well as the gaining =
access to devices</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; must be simple for the users =
of the devices.&nbsp; Special care needs</div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; to be =
taken for home scenarios where access control policies have</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; to be configured by users that are typically not =
trained in</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; security (see Section 2.2, =
Section 2.3, Section 2.6).</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">Actually, in addition to the home scenario, sports&amp;entertainment, =
personal health care, and even building automation have same kind of =
non-techie users involved.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">Question: is this document supposed to cover the requirements as well, =
or will there be a separate document for that? If former, then I think =
there's more work needed on the document.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">Thanks.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">Alper</div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
"><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
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style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
"><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div></span></div><div><span =
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Subject: Re: [Ace] New problem summary sections
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From nobody Mon Mar  9 13:34:25 2015
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Hi Alper,

Thank you for your comments.

On 03/09/2015 07:16 PM, Alper Yegin wrote:
> Hello,
>
> I've just read the ace-usecases-02 I-D, and here are my comments.
>
> Title: ACE use cases
>
> It seems the document is more than just description of the use cases. It includes authorization problems, design considerations (sometimes reading like requirements), attacks, etc. It'd be better to rename the document to capture the actual scope.
>
>     These use cases aim at identifying authorization
>     problems that arise during the lifecycle of a constrained device.
>     Note that this document does not aim at collecting all possible use
>     cases.

The focus of the draft is the description of authorization problems from 
a user/owner/principal perspective. The listed problems are more useful 
if we summarize them in the end. That is why we have a part for this in 
the security summary section. However, the draft is not intended to be a 
requirements document and I don't think it should be. Summarizing the 
relevant problems was difficult enough. I can't imagine that we will be 
able to collect the relevant requirements.

Kathleen suggested to add attacks to the security considerations section 
(cf. http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ace/current/msg00765.html)

>
>
> At times the document also talks about authentication, integrity protection, and confidentiality. Again, scope is not really limited to "authorization" only as the aforementioned text states.

I think it will be difficult to talk about authorization without 
mentioning integrity and confidentiality since these security objectives 
are the reason why we need authorization in the first place (see also 
section 3 of [1])

Authentication and authorization need to work together to be useful as 
described in section 4 of [1].

[1] https://tools.ietf.org/pdf/draft-gerdes-ace-actors

>
>
>     They
>     are connected to the Internet through an intermediary base-station,
>     using wireless technologies.
>
> Later smartphone is given as an example of "access point." It may be better to replace the term "base-station" with "device, such as smartphone, access point, or base station."

I don't have a strong opinion on that.

>
>     The device includes some authentication mechanism, in order to
>     prevent other persons who get physical access to it from acting as
>     the owner and messing up the access control and security settings.
>
> s/authentication/authentication and authorization

Although some unauthorized entity gets permissions in this case, 
impersonating as someone else is solved by an authentication solution. 
Nevertheless, I think that we need both to protect the access control 
and security settings: An authorization mechanism that makes sure that 
only authorized entities are able to configure access control and 
security settings and an authentication mechanism that prevents 
impersonation. I think we should change the draft accordingly.

I am not sure about the physical access part and if an authentication 
mechanism will help against a physical attack. I think we should replace 
"physical access" with "access".

>
>
>     o  U5.6 When authorization policies are updated it is impossible, or
>        at least very inefficient to contact all affected endpoints
>        directly.
>
> s/directly/simultaneously??

The problem that is addressed here is that there are a lot of devices, 
and that we would need to reach all of them if authorization policies 
are updated. I don't know if it is necessary to contact them 
simoultaneously.

>
>     Due to their
>     limited capabilities, constrained devices appear as the weakest link
>     in the network and hence pose an attractive target for attackers.
>
> Physical accessibility is an important factor here too.

Yes, it is mentioned in the attacks section.

>
>
>     o  Usability is important for all use cases.  The configuration of
>        authorization policies as well as the gaining access to devices
>        must be simple for the users of the devices.  Special care needs
>        to be taken for home scenarios where access control policies have
>        to be configured by users that are typically not trained in
>        security (see Section 2.2, Section 2.3, Section 2.6).
>
>
> Actually, in addition to the home scenario, sports&entertainment, personal health care, and even building automation have same kind of non-techie users involved.

With home scenarios we meant non-corporate scenarios. Would it help to 
replace "home scenario" with "non-corporate scenario"?

The building automation use case is a bit different because the 
authorization policies will likely be configured by trained administrators.

Best regards,
Steffi

>
>
> Question: is this document supposed to cover the requirements as well, or will there be a separate document for that? If former, then I think there's more work needed on the document.
>
> Thanks.
>
> Alper
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>


From nobody Mon Mar  9 14:46:22 2015
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Hi all,

We submitted a new version of the use cases draft. The majority of 
changes were made to focus on the description of authorization problems 
and remove terminology that might imply certain solutions.

Please feel free to comment.

Thanks,
Steffi


-------- Forwarded Message --------
Subject: New Version Notification for draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03.txt
Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2015 14:29:51 -0700
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
To: Mehdi Mani <mehdi.mani@itron.com>, Sandeep Kumar 
<sandeep.kumar@philips.com>, Goeran Selander 
<goran.selander@ericsson.com>, Sandeep S. Kumar 
<sandeep.kumar@philips.com>, Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>, Goran 
Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>, Stefanie Gerdes 
<gerdes@tzi.org>, Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>, Ludwig Seitz 
<ludwig@sics.se>, Mehdi Mani <mehdi.mani@itron.com>


A new version of I-D, draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03.txt
has been successfully submitted by Stefanie Gerdes and posted to the
IETF repository.

Name:		draft-ietf-ace-usecases
Revision:	03
Title:		ACE use cases
Document date:	2015-03-09
Group:		ace
Pages:		24
URL: 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03.txt
Status:         https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-ace-usecases/
Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03
Diff:           http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03

Abstract:
    Constrained devices are nodes with limited processing power, storage
    space and transmission capacities.  These devices in many cases do
    not provide user interfaces and are often intended to interact
    without human intervention.

    This document comprises a collection of representative use cases for
    the application of authentication and authorization in constrained
    environments.  These use cases aim at identifying authorization
    problems that arise during the lifecylce of a constrained device and
    are intended to provide a guideline for developing a comprehensive
    authentication and authorization solution for this class of
    scenarios.

    Where specific details are relevant, it is assumed that the devices
    use the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) as communication
    protocol, however most conclusions apply generally.

 



Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

The IETF Secretariat





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Hi Steffi,

On Mar 9, 2015, at 10:34 PM, Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>    o  U5.6 When authorization policies are updated it is impossible, =
or
>>       at least very inefficient to contact all affected endpoints
>>       directly.
>>=20
>> s/directly/simultaneously??
>=20
> The problem that is addressed here is that there are a lot of devices, =
and that we would need to reach all of them if authorization policies =
are updated. I don't know if it is necessary to contact them =
simultaneously.

OK, I'm trying to understand what the issue is. Or, what this text is =
really pointing to.
Is it implying that, not all affected endpoints need to be contacted?
Or, not all affected endpoints need to be contacted directly (i.e., =
indirect contact is OK -- and we need to understand what's meant by =
that)?
I thought the text was trying to say simultaneous contact is not =
possible.

>>=20
>>=20
>>    o  Usability is important for all use cases.  The configuration of
>>       authorization policies as well as the gaining access to devices
>>       must be simple for the users of the devices.  Special care =
needs
>>       to be taken for home scenarios where access control policies =
have
>>       to be configured by users that are typically not trained in
>>       security (see Section 2.2, Section 2.3, Section 2.6).
>>=20
>>=20
>> Actually, in addition to the home scenario, sports&entertainment, =
personal health care, and even building automation have same kind of =
non-techie users involved.
>=20
> With home scenarios we meant non-corporate scenarios. Would it help to =
replace "home scenario" with "non-corporate scenario"?
>=20
> The building automation use case is a bit different because the =
authorization policies will likely be configured by trained =
administrators.
>=20

OK, home scenario is an "example". It's not meant to be provided as an =
exclusive list of scenarios. So, an "e.g.," would help in there.

Regards,

Alper



> Best regards,
> Steffi
>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> Question: is this document supposed to cover the requirements as =
well, or will there be a separate document for that? If former, then I =
think there's more work needed on the document.
>>=20
>> Thanks.
>>=20
>> Alper
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ace mailing list
>> Ace@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace


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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Hi =
Steffi,<div><br><div><div>On Mar 9, 2015, at 10:34 PM, Stefanie Gerdes =
wrote:</div><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div><font =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#000000"><br></font><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o &nbsp;U5.6 When authorization policies are updated =
it is impossible, or<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;at least very inefficient to contact =
all affected endpoints<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;directly.<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">s/directly/simultaneously??<br></blockquote><br>The =
problem that is addressed here is that there are a lot of devices, and =
that we would need to reach all of them if authorization policies are =
updated. I don't know if it is necessary to contact them =
simultaneously.<br></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>OK, I'm trying =
to understand what the issue is. Or, what this text is really pointing =
to.</div><div>Is it implying that, not all affected endpoints need to be =
contacted?</div><div>Or, not all affected endpoints need to be contacted =
directly (i.e., indirect contact is OK -- and we need to understand =
what's meant by that)?</div><div>I thought the text was trying to say =
simultaneous contact is not possible.</div><div><br></div><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div><blockquote type=3D"cite"><font =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
color=3D"#000000"><br></font></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o &nbsp;Usability is important for all use cases. =
&nbsp;The configuration of<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;authorization policies as well as =
the gaining access to devices<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;must be simple for the users of the =
devices. &nbsp;Special care needs<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;to be taken for home =
scenarios where access control policies have<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;to be configured by =
users that are typically not trained in<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;security (see Section =
2.2, Section 2.3, Section 2.6).<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">Actually, in =
addition to the home scenario, sports&amp;entertainment, personal health =
care, and even building automation have same kind of non-techie users =
involved.<br></blockquote><br>With home scenarios we meant non-corporate =
scenarios. Would it help to replace "home scenario" with "non-corporate =
scenario"?<br><br>The building automation use case is a bit different =
because the authorization policies will likely be configured by trained =
administrators.<br><br></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>OK, home =
scenario is an "example". It's not meant to be provided as an exclusive =
list of scenarios. So, an "e.g.," would help in =
there.</div><div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div><br></div><div>Alper</d=
iv><div><br></div><div><br></div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div>Best =
regards,<br>Steffi<br><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">Question: is =
this document supposed to cover the requirements as well, or will there =
be a separate document for that? If former, then I think there's more =
work needed on the document.<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">Thanks.<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">Alper<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">_______________________________________________<br></blockqu=
ote><blockquote type=3D"cite">Ace mailing =
list<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><a =
href=3D"mailto:Ace@ietf.org">Ace@ietf.org</a><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><a =
href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace">https://www.ietf.org/ma=
ilman/listinfo/ace</a><br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><br>_______________________________________=
________<br>Ace mailing list<br><a =
href=3D"mailto:Ace@ietf.org">Ace@ietf.org</a><br>https://www.ietf.org/mail=
man/listinfo/ace<br></div></blockquote></div><br></div></body></html>=

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
 This draft is a work item of the Authentication and Authorization for Constrained Environments Working Group of the IETF.

        Title           : ACE use cases
        Authors         : Ludwig Seitz
                          Stefanie Gerdes
                          Goeran Selander
                          Mehdi Mani
                          Sandeep S. Kumar
	Filename        : draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03.txt
	Pages           : 24
	Date            : 2015-03-09

Abstract:
   Constrained devices are nodes with limited processing power, storage
   space and transmission capacities.  These devices in many cases do
   not provide user interfaces and are often intended to interact
   without human intervention.

   This document comprises a collection of representative use cases for
   the application of authentication and authorization in constrained
   environments.  These use cases aim at identifying authorization
   problems that arise during the lifecylce of a constrained device and
   are intended to provide a guideline for developing a comprehensive
   authentication and authorization solution for this class of
   scenarios.

   Where specific details are relevant, it is assumed that the devices
   use the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) as communication
   protocol, however most conclusions apply generally.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-ace-usecases/

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03


Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


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On 03/09/2015 11:17 PM, Alper Yegin wrote:
> Hi Steffi,
>
> On Mar 9, 2015, at 10:34 PM, Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>    o  U5.6 When authorization policies are updated it is impossible, =
or
>>>       at least very inefficient to contact all affected endpoints
>>>       directly.
>>>
>>> s/directly/simultaneously??
>>
>> The problem that is addressed here is that there are a lot of devices,=

>> and that we would need to reach all of them if authorization policies
>> are updated. I don't know if it is necessary to contact them
>> simultaneously.
>
> OK, I'm trying to understand what the issue is. Or, what this text is
> really pointing to.
> Is it implying that, not all affected endpoints need to be contacted?

It is implying that it is a problem if all affected endpoints need to be =

contacted every time an authorization policy changes.

So 'directly' was meant to express some close temporal relation between=20
the update of authorization policies and the need to contact all=20
affected endpoints.

Perhaps this warrants a clarification in the draft?


Regards,

Ludwig



--=20
Ludwig Seitz, PhD
SICS Swedish ICT AB
Ideon Science Park
Building Beta 2
Scheelev=E4gen 17
SE-223 70 Lund

Phone +46(0)70-349 92 51
http://www.sics.se


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From nobody Tue Mar 10 05:57:58 2015
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On 03/10/2015 01:14 PM, Ludwig Seitz wrote:
> On 03/09/2015 11:17 PM, Alper Yegin wrote:
>> Hi Steffi,
>>
>> On Mar 9, 2015, at 10:34 PM, Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>    o  U5.6 When authorization policies are updated it is impossible, or
>>>>       at least very inefficient to contact all affected endpoints
>>>>       directly.
>>>>
>>>> s/directly/simultaneously??
>>>
>>> The problem that is addressed here is that there are a lot of devices,
>>> and that we would need to reach all of them if authorization policies
>>> are updated. I don't know if it is necessary to contact them
>>> simultaneously.
>>
>> OK, I'm trying to understand what the issue is. Or, what this text is
>> really pointing to.
>> Is it implying that, not all affected endpoints need to be contacted?
>
> It is implying that it is a problem if all affected endpoints need to be
> contacted every time an authorization policy changes.
>
> So 'directly' was meant to express some close temporal relation between
> the update of authorization policies and the need to contact all
> affected endpoints.
>
> Perhaps this warrants a clarification in the draft?

Maybe we should describe the underlying problem a bit more. As far as I 
understand it, the problem is that we need to make sure that a device 
can enforce the new authorization policies. Therefore it must know at 
the time of a new request what the new authorization policies are. One 
way to solve this would be to provide the update of the authorization 
policies to all devices as fast as possible. But this might be 
impossible or very inefficient.

It might be good to point this out more clearly.

Best regards,
Steffi


From nobody Tue Mar 10 06:25:55 2015
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Hi all,

Please find attached the new version notification for the actors draft.

The main changes are:
- To address comments (e.g., in the ACE session in Honolulu) OAuth 
terminology was removed to avoid misunderstandings.
- The term "owner" was replaced since comments on the list indicated 
that owner might not be a suitable term.
- A section about autonomous communication was added to point out that 
there is not always an active user in constrained environments, and 
devices need to be able to enforce the user's security policies 
autonomously.

Comments are very welcome.

Thanks,
Steffi


-------- Forwarded Message --------
Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2015 16:49:20 -0700
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
To: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>, Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>


A new version of I-D, draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
has been successfully submitted by Stefanie Gerdes and posted to the
IETF repository.

Name:		draft-gerdes-ace-actors
Revision:	03
Title:		Actors in the ACE Architecture
Document date:	2015-03-09
Group:		Individual Submission
Pages:		26
URL: 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
Status:         https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gerdes-ace-actors/
Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03
Diff:           http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03

Abstract:
    Constrained nodes are small devices which are limited in terms of
    processing power, memory, non-volatile storage and transmission
    capacity.  Due to these constraints, commonly used security protocols
    are not easily applicable.  Nevertheless, an authentication and
    authorization solution is needed to ensure the security of these
    devices.

    Due to the limitations of the constrained nodes it is especially
    important to develop a light-weight security solution which is
    adjusted to the relevant security objectives of each participating
    party in this environment.  Necessary security measures must be
    identified and applied where needed.

    In this document, the required security related tasks are identified
    as guidance for the development of authentication and authorization
    solutions for constrained environments.  Based on the tasks, an
    architecture is developed to represent the relationships between the
    logical functional entities involved.

 



Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

The IETF Secretariat





From nobody Tue Mar 10 06:38:06 2015
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Hi all,

Please find attached the new version notification for a new draft called 
"Managing the authorization to authorize in the lifecycle of a 
constrained device".

The draft describes how the authorization to authorize can be managed, 
e.g., how it is transferred to a new principal, and what steps are 
required to securely decommission a device.

Comments are very welcome.

Best regards,
Steffi

-------- Forwarded Message --------
Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-a2a-00.txt
Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2015 16:56:13 -0700
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
To: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>, Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>


A new version of I-D, draft-gerdes-ace-a2a-00.txt
has been successfully submitted by Stefanie Gerdes and posted to the
IETF repository.

Name:		draft-gerdes-ace-a2a
Revision:	00
Title:		Managing the Authorization to Authorize in the Lifecycle of a 
Constrained Device
Document date:	2015-03-09
Group:		Individual Submission
Pages:		7
URL: 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gerdes-ace-a2a-00.txt
Status:         https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gerdes-ace-a2a/
Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gerdes-ace-a2a-00


Abstract:
    Constrained nodes are devices which are limited in terms of
    processing power, memory, non-volatile storage and transmission
    capacity.  Due to these constraints, commonly used security protocols
    are not easily applicable.  Nevertheless, an authentication and
    authorization solution is needed to ensure the security of these
    devices.

    During the lifecycle of a constrained device, responsibility for
    managing authorization policies for the constrained device may change
    several times.  To ensure the security of the constrained devices,
    the authorization to authorize must be transferred to the new
    principal in a secure way.

    The Delegated CoAP Authorization Framework (DCAF) specifies how
    resource-constrained nodes can delegate defined authentication- and
    authorization-related tasks to less-constrained devices called
    Authorization Managers, thus limiting the hardware requirements of
    the security solution for the constrained devices.

    This document defines how DCAF can be used to manage the
    Authorization Manager of a constrained device and introduces a
    flexible authorization solution for the whole lifecycle of a
    constrained device.

 



Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

The IETF Secretariat





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From nobody Tue Mar 10 10:53:09 2015
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From: Eve Maler <eve@xmlgrrl.com>
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Subject: [Ace] New doc: draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00
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Hi all,

Hannes, Erik, Samuel, and I worked on a new discussion document that =
gives insight into the ways in which OAuth and UMA could be used towards =
IoT requirements for authentication and authorization:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00

Quoting the abstract:

   Authentication and authorization are fundamental security features
   used in Internet and Web applications.  Providing the same level of
   security functionality to the Internet of Things (IoT) environment as
   well is a logical enhancement and reduces the risk of unauthorized
   access to personal data.

   IoT devices, however, have limitations in terms of processing power,
   memory, user interface, Internet connectivity, etc.  Since many use
   cases span Web and IoT environments and the question of "Web" vs.
   "IoT" can in some cases be considered a continuum, it is required to
   find security solutions that can accommodate the capabilities and
   constraints of both environments without significant compromises.

   Thus, an approach of adapting already standardized and deployed
   authentication and authorization technologies is worth examining.
   This document describes how the Web Authorization Protocol (OAuth) in
   combination with User-Managed Access (UMA) can be used for an IoT
   environment to bring Web-scale authorization services to the IoT
   world.

Eve Maler | cell +1 425.345.6756 | Skype: xmlgrrl | Twitter: @xmlgrrl


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Subject: [Ace] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-seitz-ace-problem-description-03.txt
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Hi,

We submitted a new version of the proposed problem description for ACE.

The main updates are

- The requirements now account for the end-to-end security problem
- A figure illustrating the information flows that need to be protected
- Cleaned up solution elements from the problem description

Comments are welcome!

Ludwig

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Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2015 12:39:02 -0700
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
To: Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>, Goeran Selander
<goran.selander@ericsson.com>, Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>, Goran
Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>


A new version of I-D, draft-seitz-ace-problem-description-03.txt
has been successfully submitted by Ludwig Seitz and posted to the
IETF repository.

Name:		draft-seitz-ace-problem-description
Revision:	03
Title:		Problem Description for Authorization in Constrained Environments=

Document date:	2015-03-09
Group:		Individual Submission
Pages:		17
URL:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-seitz-ace-problem-description-0=
3.txt
Status:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-seitz-ace-problem-description/
Htmlized:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-seitz-ace-problem-description-03
Diff:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-seitz-ace-problem-description-03=


Abstract:
     We present a problem description for authentication and authorizatio=
n
     in constrained-node networks, i.e. networks where some devices have
     severe constraints on memory, processing, power and communication
     bandwidth.





Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submiss=
ion
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

The IETF Secretariat








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Subject: [Ace] greevenbosch-ace-comparison comments
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Hello,

I've read  draft-greevenbosch-ace-comparison-01. I'd like to thank the =
authors for putting this document together and share my following =
comments:

   An Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server may be
   deployed.  Such AAA server is mentioned in [RFC3748], and both RADIUS
   [RFC2865] and Diameter [RFC6733] define AAA servers.  However, the
   authorization in RADIUS and Diameter is not fine grained, it is a
   simple all or nothing question.  Thus, RADIUS and/or Diameter would
   need adaptation to cater for CoAP specific requirements, or a new AAA
   protocol may need to be defined.

Actually, it's a just a matter of defining new attributes/AVPs. =
Relatively easy. New AAA protocol is not necessary.


   The authentication allows the exchange of cryptographic material.
   After authentication, this material is referred to using the new
   "AUTH" CoAP option.  This AUTH option is only used for integrity
   protection of the related message, encryption is yet to be defined.

We have some (expired) work related to that, FYI:
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-yegin-coap-security-options-00=20


   The X.509 certificates are authenticated by a certificate authority,
   either net-wide or domain-wide.

This has an administrative issue: Provisioning the public key of the =
right root CA(s) on the devices.


Regarding greevenbosch-ace-pull-model:

It looks like the Client is not really authenticated. It does send its =
"ID", but it does not provide any cryptographic proof that it owns that =
ID. Am I missing something?

Alper




--Apple-Mail=_F3076FDE-465B-4D5F-B01D-4B9B999F1C2D
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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; =
">Hello,<div><br></div><div>I've read&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: =
12px; ">draft-greevenbosch-ace-comparison-01. I'd like to thank the =
authors for putting this document together and share my following =
comments:</span></div><div><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
face=3D"Courier"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: =
Helvetica; "><br></span></font></div><div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;An Authentication, =
Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server may be</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp; deployed.&nbsp; Such AAA server is mentioned in =
[RFC3748], and both RADIUS</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; [RFC2865] and Diameter =
[RFC6733] define AAA servers.&nbsp; However, the</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp; authorization in RADIUS and Diameter is not fine grained, =
it is a</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; simple all or nothing =
question.&nbsp; Thus, RADIUS and/or Diameter would</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp; need adaptation to cater for CoAP specific requirements, =
or a new AAA</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; protocol may need to be =
defined.</div></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">Actually, it's a just a matter of =
defining new attributes/AVPs. Relatively easy. New AAA protocol is not =
necessary.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;The =
authentication allows the exchange of cryptographic material.</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp; After authentication, this material is referred to using =
the new</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; "AUTH" CoAP option.&nbsp; This AUTH =
option is only used for integrity</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp;&nbsp; protection of the =
related message, encryption is yet to be defined.</div></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
"><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">We have some (expired) work related to that, =
FYI:</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; "><a =
href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-yegin-coap-security-options-00">=
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-yegin-coap-security-options-00</a></span=
>&nbsp;</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;The X.509 =
certificates are authenticated by a certificate authority,</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp; either net-wide or domain-wide.</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
"><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">This has an administrative issue: Provisioning =
the public key of the right root CA(s) on the devices.</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
"><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">Regarding =
greevenbosch-ace-pull-model:</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">It looks like the Client is =
not really authenticated. It does send its "ID", but it does not provide =
any cryptographic proof that it owns that ID. Am I missing =
something?</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">Alper</div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
"><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; "><br></div></div></div></body></html>=

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From nobody Mon Mar 16 07:47:43 2015
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From: Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@yegin.org>
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Hello,

I've read draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03, and I have one comment:

It'd be really useful if specific examples were provided for =
COP/ROM/CAM/SAM. Visualizing the examples helps it easier to grasp the =
concept and follow the text.

Alper






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<html><head></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Hello,<div><br></div><div>I've read&nbsp;<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; ">draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03,&nbsp;</span>and I have one comment:</div><div><br></div><div>It'd be really useful if specific examples were provided for COP/ROM/CAM/SAM. Visualizing the examples helps it easier to grasp the concept and follow the text.</div><div><br></div><div>Alper</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; "><br></span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Courier"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Courier"><br></font></div></body></html>
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From nobody Tue Mar 17 03:59:56 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Architecture, terminology and problem statement
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I'd say a side-discussion prior to the WG meeting would speed things up.=20=


On Mar 17, 2015, at 6:11 PM, G=F6ran Selander wrote:

>=20
> Dear WG chairs, and all
>=20
> There is a set of drafts which discuss architecture, terminology and =
scope
> of work on in ACE including:
>=20
> [1]  draft-greevenbosch-ace-comparison
> [2]  draft-gerdes-ace-actors
> [3]  draft-seitz-ace-problem-description
>=20
> We already noted during the use case discussions that it is difficult =
to
> agree more in detail what is the problem statement for ACE, and this
> disagreement is slowing down the progress of the work.
>=20
> I wonder if it could make sense to try to hold a focused discussion =
about
> high-level issues in architecture, terminology and scope of work =
during
> the ACE WG meeting in Dallas? The purpose would be to come to some =
working
> assumption on these - which in its first iteration doesn't have to be =
at
> all on the same level of detail as the drafts.
>=20
> Maybe this is too naive? Here is the idea anyway:
>=20
> Comparing the architecture of the different proposals there is a big
> overlap in functionality of nodes (although not in terminology, but =
let's
> wait with that). Could we sketch a common denominator, describe what =
are
> the differences, and have a discussion in the WG?
>=20
> Given the set of nodes and associated functions in the architecture, =
we
> could try to formulate what is the high-level "security objectives" in
> terms of interactions between these nodes. This could be expressed for
> example like in Section 6 of [2] (Tasks) or like in Section 2, page 5, =
of
> [3] (protecting information flows). Again, what is the common =
denominator
> and what are the differences between different proposals.
>=20
> NOTE: This first iteration would not be on the level of e.g.
> distinguishing between Push and Pull as in Section 4 of [1], but even =
more
> abstract; from what node does the information flow originate and what =
is
> the destination node?
>=20
> We could progress on terminology as well. On a high level there are =
two
> proposals: design our own terminology or reuse existing terminology. =
Maybe
> we could ask the working group for guidance here?
>=20
> If we can't reach all the way in the meeting, maybe we can assign a =
team
> to work on that and report back to the list?
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Just some loose thoughts.
>=20
> Best regards,
> G=F6ran
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace


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Date: Wed, 18 Mar 2015 10:17:00 +0800
From: "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com>
To: Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@yegin.org>, =?ISO-8859-1?B?R/ZyYW4=?= Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>, "Ace@ietf.org" <Ace@ietf.org>
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Subject: [Ace]  Side meeting in Dallas
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>I'd say a side-discussion prior to the WG meeting would speed things up.

Good idea.

I created a doodle poll for the side discussion:
http://doodle.com/d8rmzyt7nkzpg2f6


Please indicate your attendance.

Candidate time:=20
Monday: 11:30 ~ 13:00, 19:10 ~ 18:40;
Tuesday: 11:30 ~ 13:00.

Thanks,

Kind Regards
Kepeng


=E5=9C=A8 18/3/15 12:37 am=EF=BC=8C "Alper Yegin" <alper.yegin@yegin.org> =E5=86=99=E5=85=A5:

>I'd say a side-discussion prior to the WG meeting would speed things up.
>
>On Mar 17, 2015, at 6:11 PM, G=C3=B6ran Selander wrote:
>
>>=20
>> Dear WG chairs, and all
>>=20
>> There is a set of drafts which discuss architecture, terminology and
>>scope
>> of work on in ACE including:
>>=20
>> [1]  draft-greevenbosch-ace-comparison
>> [2]  draft-gerdes-ace-actors
>> [3]  draft-seitz-ace-problem-description
>>=20
>> We already noted during the use case discussions that it is difficult to
>> agree more in detail what is the problem statement for ACE, and this
>> disagreement is slowing down the progress of the work.
>>=20
>> I wonder if it could make sense to try to hold a focused discussion
>>about
>> high-level issues in architecture, terminology and scope of work during
>> the ACE WG meeting in Dallas? The purpose would be to come to some
>>working
>> assumption on these - which in its first iteration doesn't have to be at
>> all on the same level of detail as the drafts.
>>=20
>> Maybe this is too naive? Here is the idea anyway:
>>=20
>> Comparing the architecture of the different proposals there is a big
>> overlap in functionality of nodes (although not in terminology, but
>>let's
>> wait with that). Could we sketch a common denominator, describe what are
>> the differences, and have a discussion in the WG?
>>=20
>> Given the set of nodes and associated functions in the architecture, we
>> could try to formulate what is the high-level "security objectives" in
>> terms of interactions between these nodes. This could be expressed for
>> example like in Section 6 of [2] (Tasks) or like in Section 2, page 5,
>>of
>> [3] (protecting information flows). Again, what is the common
>>denominator
>> and what are the differences between different proposals.
>>=20
>> NOTE: This first iteration would not be on the level of e.g.
>> distinguishing between Push and Pull as in Section 4 of [1], but even
>>more
>> abstract; from what node does the information flow originate and what is
>> the destination node?
>>=20
>> We could progress on terminology as well. On a high level there are two
>> proposals: design our own terminology or reuse existing terminology.
>>Maybe
>> we could ask the working group for guidance here?
>>=20
>> If we can't reach all the way in the meeting, maybe we can assign a team
>> to work on that and report back to the list?
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> Just some loose thoughts.
>>=20
>> Best regards,
>> G=C3=B6ran
>>=20
>>=20
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ace mailing list
>> Ace@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace



From nobody Wed Mar 18 06:59:05 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Architecture, terminology and problem statement
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Hi Goeran,

your proposal makes sense to me.

In fact I made similar observations when advertising the work we do in
ACE to others. Quite naturally, many have a preferred IoT deployment
model in mind and for some of those deployments the features we discuss
aren't even a problem yet or are solved in other ways today. Hence, it
gets tricky to communicate the value proposition of ACE.

Ciao
Hannes

On 03/17/2015 05:11 PM, G=C3=B6ran Selander wrote:
>=20
> Dear WG chairs, and all
>=20
> There is a set of drafts which discuss architecture, terminology and sc=
ope
> of work on in ACE including:
>=20
> [1]  draft-greevenbosch-ace-comparison
> [2]  draft-gerdes-ace-actors
> [3]  draft-seitz-ace-problem-description
>=20
> We already noted during the use case discussions that it is difficult t=
o
> agree more in detail what is the problem statement for ACE, and this
> disagreement is slowing down the progress of the work.
>=20
> I wonder if it could make sense to try to hold a focused discussion abo=
ut
> high-level issues in architecture, terminology and scope of work during=

> the ACE WG meeting in Dallas? The purpose would be to come to some work=
ing
> assumption on these - which in its first iteration doesn't have to be a=
t
> all on the same level of detail as the drafts.
>=20
> Maybe this is too naive? Here is the idea anyway:
>=20
> Comparing the architecture of the different proposals there is a big
> overlap in functionality of nodes (although not in terminology, but let=
's
> wait with that). Could we sketch a common denominator, describe what ar=
e
> the differences, and have a discussion in the WG?
>=20
> Given the set of nodes and associated functions in the architecture, we=

> could try to formulate what is the high-level "security objectives" in
> terms of interactions between these nodes. This could be expressed for
> example like in Section 6 of [2] (Tasks) or like in Section 2, page 5, =
of
> [3] (protecting information flows). Again, what is the common denominat=
or
> and what are the differences between different proposals.
>=20
> NOTE: This first iteration would not be on the level of e.g.
> distinguishing between Push and Pull as in Section 4 of [1], but even m=
ore
> abstract; from what node does the information flow originate and what i=
s
> the destination node?
>=20
> We could progress on terminology as well. On a high level there are two=

> proposals: design our own terminology or reuse existing terminology. Ma=
ybe
> we could ask the working group for guidance here?
>=20
> If we can't reach all the way in the meeting, maybe we can assign a tea=
m
> to work on that and report back to the list?
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Just some loose thoughts.
>=20
> Best regards,
> G=C3=B6ran
>=20
>=20


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Hello all,Please find the agenda for ACE Dallas F2F meeting:http://www.ietf.or=
g/proceedings/92/agenda/agenda-92-acePresenters, please send your slides to Ha=
nnes and me before the meeting time (Tuesday afternoon).Thanks,Kind RegardsKep=
eng=0A
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<div class=3D"__aliyun_email_body_block"><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size=
:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Hello all,</div><div style=3D"=
color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;"><br dat=
a-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family=
:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Please find the agenda for ACE Dallas F2F meeti=
ng:</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,S=
THeiti,SimSun;"><a href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/92/agenda/agenda-92=
-ace">http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/92/agenda/agenda-92-ace</a></div><div st=
yle=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">=
<br data-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font=
-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Presenters, please send your slides to H=
annes and me before the meeting time (Tuesday afternoon).</div><div style=3D"c=
olor:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;"><br data=
-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:=
Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Thanks,</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-si=
ze:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1"></d=
iv><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti=
,SimSun;">Kind Regards</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-fa=
mily:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Kepeng</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signatur=
e_wrap"><br></div></div>
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Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2015 16:45:18 +0800
From: "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com>
To: "Ace" <ace@ietf.org>
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Cc: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>
Subject: [Ace] =?utf-8?q?=5BACE=5D_Side_meeting_in_Dallas?=
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Hello all,According to the doodle poll, our side meeting will be on Monday (23=
rd Mar, 2015), =C2=A019:10 ~ 20:40, local time.http://doodle.com/d8rmzyt7nkzpg=
2f62uffu4eq/admin#tableLet's meet at the end of the meeting room after the Tec=
hnical Plenary meeting.Thanks,Kind RegardsKepeng=0A=0A
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<div class=3D"__aliyun_email_body_block"><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size=
:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Hello all,</div><div style=3D"=
color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;"><br dat=
a-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family=
:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">According to the doodle poll, our side meeting =
will be on Monday (23rd Mar, 2015), &nbsp;19:10 ~ 20:40, local time.</div><div=
 style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun=
;"><a href=3D"http://doodle.com/d8rmzyt7nkzpg2f62uffu4eq/admin#table">http://d=
oodle.com/d8rmzyt7nkzpg2f62uffu4eq/admin#table</a></div><div style=3D"color:#0=
00000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;"><br data-mce-bo=
gus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,=
Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Let's meet at the end of the meeting room after the Tec=
hnical Plenary meeting.</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-f=
amily:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D=
"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Thanks=
,</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STH=
eiti,SimSun;"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-=
size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Kind Regards</div><div sty=
le=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">K=
epeng</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"><br><br></div></div>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] [ACE] Side meeting in Dallas
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And, btw, the technical topic on the agenda for the IAB technical
plenary is about 'smart objects'. Hence, it might make sense to attend it=
=2E

On 03/19/2015 09:45 AM, Kepeng Li wrote:
> Hello all,
>=20
> According to the doodle poll, our side meeting will be on Monday (23rd
> Mar, 2015),  19:10 ~ 20:40, local time.
> http://doodle.com/d8rmzyt7nkzpg2f62uffu4eq/admin#table
>=20
> Let's meet at the end of the meeting room after the Technical Plenary
> meeting.
>=20
> Thanks,
>=20
> Kind Regards
> Kepeng
>=20
>=20


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From: Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@yegin.org>
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Subject: [Ace] gerdes-ace-dcaf-authorize
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Hello dear authors of gerdes-ace-dcaf-authorize,


      Implicit authorization:   SAM authenticates the Client for the =
Server
      without specifying the privileges in detail.  This can be used for
      binary or unrestricted authorization (cf section 4 of
      [I-D.gerdes-ace-actors]).

I'd not call this "implicit". I'd call this "unlimited authorization", =
or "unrestricted authorization".
Authorization is explicitly there, it's just lacking any constrains.=20

Also, don't you need a protocol exchanges between S and SAM, triggered =
by the S receiving an authenticated request from C? After all, SAM knows =
the Ticket but S does not.

And what protocol are you thinking of using between C and CAM, and =
between S and SAM?

Cheers,

Alper



--Apple-Mail=_7CB09474-006C-4FC6-999A-B8FC19AC64EF
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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Hello =
dear authors of&nbsp;<span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-size: =
12px; ">gerdes-ace-dcaf-authorize,</span><div><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: =
12px; "><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; "><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; =
">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;Implicit authorization: &nbsp; SAM =
authenticates the Client for the Server</div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: =
normal normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; without =
specifying the privileges in detail.&nbsp; This can be used =
for</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; binary or unrestricted =
authorization (cf section 4 of</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Courier; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
[I-D.gerdes-ace-actors]).</div></span></div><div><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: =
12px; "><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; ">I'd not call this =
"implicit". I'd call this "unlimited authorization", or "unrestricted =
authorization".</span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; ">Authorization is =
explicitly there, it's just lacking any =
constrains.&nbsp;</span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; ">Also, don't you need a =
protocol exchanges between S and SAM, triggered by the S receiving an =
authenticated request from C? After all, SAM knows the Ticket but S does =
not.</span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; ">And what protocol are =
you thinking of using between C and CAM, and between S and =
SAM?</span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
">Cheers,</span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
">Alper</span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-family: Courier; font-size: 12px; =
"><br></span></div></body></html>=

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From nobody Thu Mar 19 08:46:48 2015
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From: Derek Atkins <derek@ihtfp.com>
To: Kepeng Li <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com>
References: <d9cbfa70-f059-4ac2-8b95-92fac37729f7@alibaba-inc.com>
Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2015 11:46:35 -0400
In-Reply-To: <d9cbfa70-f059-4ac2-8b95-92fac37729f7@alibaba-inc.com> (Kepeng Li's message of "Thu, 19 Mar 2015 16:45:18 +0800")
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Cc: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>, Ace <ace@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Ace] [ACE] Side meeting in Dallas
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"Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com> writes:

> Hello all,
>
> According to the doodle poll, our side meeting will be on Monday (23rd Mar,
> 2015),  19:10 ~ 20:40, local time.
> http://doodle.com/d8rmzyt7nkzpg2f62uffu4eq/admin#table
>
> Let's meet at the end of the meeting room after the Technical Plenary meeting.

Alas, I already have another Bar BOF at that time so I wont be able to
attend this side meeting.  :(

> Thanks,
>
> Kind Regards
> Kepeng

-derek

-- 
       Derek Atkins                 617-623-3745
       derek@ihtfp.com             www.ihtfp.com
       Computer and Internet Security Consultant


From nobody Sat Mar 21 07:20:11 2015
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From: Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
To: Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@yegin.org>
References: <ACB9923F-C8BB-4E1E-98C1-4D7DD679E4CE@yegin.org>
Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2015 15:19:56 +0100
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Subject: Re: [Ace] gerdes-ace-dcaf-authorize
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Alper,

Thanks for your comments on dcaf which I will try address here:

Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@yegin.org> writes:

> Hello dear authors of gerdes-ace-dcaf-authorize,
>
> Implicit authorization: SAM authenticates the Client for the Server
> without specifying the privileges in detail. This can be used for
> binary or unrestricted authorization (cf section 4 of
> [I-D.gerdes-ace-actors]).
>
> I'd not call this "implicit". I'd call this "unlimited authorization",
> or "unrestricted authorization".
> Authorization is explicitly there, it's just lacking any constrains.=20

Well, we had the impression that many people we were talking to did not
see that authorization indeed is in effect here. I think, this was the
reason for that somehow misleading term.

> Also, don't you need a protocol exchanges between S and SAM, triggered
> by the S receiving an authenticated request from C? After all, SAM
> knows the Ticket but S does not.

The protocol exchange between S and SAM is tunneled through CAM and
C. Eventually, C puts the ticket face (that contains the authz
information) into the psk_identity field of the ClientKeyExchange. This
is all that S needs to validate that SAM has authorized C to access
certain resources on S.

> And what protocol are you thinking of using between C and CAM, and
> between S and SAM?

For the ticket request and transfer between C and CAM, we envision DCAF
of DTLS as described in the draft. (DTLS is not a MUST here but a
natural choice. If, e.g., C and CAM happen to be combined into one
entity (e.g., a smartphone used as a control device), no explicit
communication is required whatsoever as described in Section 11.1 of
draft-gerdes-ace-dcaf-authorize.)

Direct interaction between S and SAM is not required for the DCAF
protocol flow as the DCAF messaging is tunneled through CAM and C.
However, a prerequisite for DCAF is the existence of a shared secret
between SAM and S (because this is used for integrity protection of the
ticket face). DCAF makes no assumptions on the protocol or configuration
method that is used to "bootstrap" this initial security relationship
between SAM and S (and the same holds for CAM and C).

Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe
Olaf


From nobody Mon Mar 23 02:53:49 2015
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Hi Alper,

Thank you for your comments.

On 03/19/2015 03:19 PM, Alper Yegin wrote:
> Hello dear authors of gerdes-ace-dcaf-authorize,
>
>
>        Implicit authorization:   SAM authenticates the Client for the Server
>        without specifying the privileges in detail.  This can be used for
>        binary or unrestricted authorization (cf section 4 of
>        [I-D.gerdes-ace-actors]).
>
> I'd not call this "implicit". I'd call this "unlimited authorization", or "unrestricted authorization".
> Authorization is explicitly there, it's just lacking any constrains.

We called it implicit because the authorization information is not 
transmitted. S can still have own means for authorization.

Best regards,
Steffi


From nobody Mon Mar 23 06:26:42 2015
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From: Thomas Hardjono <hardjono@mit.edu>
To: "ace@ietf.org" <ace@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Fluffy key exchange -- FW: New Version Notification for draft-hardjono-ace-fluffy-00.txt
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Cc: "Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net" <Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net>, "kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com>, Thomas Hardjono <hardjono@mit.edu>
Subject: [Ace] Fluffy key exchange -- FW: New Version Notification for draft-hardjono-ace-fluffy-00.txt
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Folks,

Just wanted to introduce Fluffy to the ACE WG.

Sorry I couldn't make it to the Dallas-IETF.
Feel free to post questions to the list or privately.

Thanks.

/thomas/



________________________________________
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org [internet-drafts@ietf.org]
Sent: Monday, March 23, 2015 5:51 AM
To: Thomas Hardjono; Thomas Hardjono; Ned Smith; Ned Smith
Subject: New Version Notification for draft-hardjono-ace-fluffy-00.txt

A new version of I-D, draft-hardjono-ace-fluffy-00.txt
has been successfully submitted by Thomas Hardjono and posted to the
IETF repository.

Name:           draft-hardjono-ace-fluffy
Revision:       00
Title:          Fluffy: Simplified Key Exchange for Constrained Environment=
s
Document date:  2015-03-23
Group:          Individual Submission
Pages:          26
URL:            http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-hardjono-ace-fluf=
fy-00.txt
Status:         https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-hardjono-ace-fluffy/
Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hardjono-ace-fluffy-00


Abstract:
   This document proposes a simplified key exchange protocol for the
   establishment of a symmetric key shared between two devices or
   entities within a constrained environment.  The pair-wise key
   establishment is performed using the mediation of a trusted Simple
   Key Distribution Center (SKDC) entity.  The protocol also supports
   the mediated distribution of a group-key among multiple devices or
   entities for the purposes of protecting multicast messages.




Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submissio=
n
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

The IETF Secretariat


From nobody Mon Mar 23 07:45:02 2015
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Date: Mon, 23 Mar 2015 22:44:53 +0800
From: "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com>
To: "Ace" <ace@ietf.org>, "=?UTF-8?B?R8O2cmFuIFNlbGFuZGVy?=" <goran.selander@ericsson.com>
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References: <d9cbfa70-f059-4ac2-8b95-92fac37729f7@alibaba-inc.com>, D1305895.2B657%goran.selander@ericsson.com
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Archived-At: <http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/ace/1PTleT5LzvKr4oYRFSPSCGlOLDM>
Cc: Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>
Subject: [Ace] =?utf-8?b?562U5aSN77yaIFtBQ0VdIFNpZGUgbWVldGluZyBpbiBEYWxs?= =?utf-8?q?as?=
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Hello all,Please find the updated slides from Goran and Ludwig.http://www.ietf=
.org/proceedings/92/slides/slides-92-ace-1.pdf=0AThanks,Kind RegardsKepeng=0A=0A=
------------------------------------------------------------------=0A=E5=8F=91=
=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA=EF=BC=9AG=C3=B6ran Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>=0A=
=E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4=EF=BC=9A2015=E5=B9=B43=E6=9C=8819=E6=97=A5=
(=E6=98=9F=E6=9C=9F=E5=9B=9B) 17:55=0A=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA=EF=BC=9AAce =
<ace@ietf.org>=0A=E6=8A=84=E3=80=80=E9=80=81=EF=BC=9ALudwig Seitz <ludwig@sics=
.se>=0A=E4=B8=BB=E3=80=80=E9=A2=98=EF=BC=9ARe: [Ace] [ACE] Side meeting in Dal=
las=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0AAll,=0A=0A=0A=0A=0ALudwig and I have put together some sl=
ides combining different inputs on architecture, terminology and problem state=
ment for ACE.=C2=A0=0A=0A=0A=0A=0AThe architecture is inspired by draft-gerdes=
-ace-actors. The terminology builds on UMA/OAuth. The problem statement is a c=
ombination of draft-seitz-ace-problem-description, draft-gerdes-ace-actors=0A =
and draft-selander-ace-object-security.=0A=0A=0A=0A=0AFood for thought. Input =
for the side meeting on Monday evening. Comments are welcome.=C2=A0=0A=0A=0A=0A=
Here are the slides:=0A=0Ahttps://www.sics.se/~ludwig/ACE/arch-term-n-prob-des=
c-00.pdf=0A=0A=0A=0ABest regards,=0AG=C3=B6ran=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=
From: Kepeng Li <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com>=0A=0AReply-To: Kepeng Li <kepeng.=
lkp@alibaba-inc.com>=0A=0ADate: Thursday 19 March 2015 09:45=0A=0ATo: Ace <ace=
@ietf.org>=0A=0ACc: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>=0A=0ASubject=
: [Ace] [ACE] Side meeting in Dallas=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0AHello all=
,=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0AAccording to the doodle poll, our side meeting will be on M=
onday (23rd Mar, 2015), =C2=A019:10 ~ 20:40, local time.=0A=0Ahttp://doodle.co=
m/d8rmzyt7nkzpg2f62uffu4eq/admin#table=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0ALet's meet at the end =
of the meeting room after the Technical Plenary meeting.=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0AThan=
ks,=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0AKind Regards=0A=0AKepeng=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A
------=ALIBOUNDARY_5076_4a780940_551026e5_8522a
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<div class=3D"__aliyun_email_body_block"><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size=
:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Hello all,</div><div style=3D"=
color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;"><br dat=
a-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family=
:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Please find the updated slides from Goran and L=
udwig.</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Aria=
l,STHeiti,SimSun;">http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/92/slides/slides-92-ace-1.p=
df</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,ST=
Heiti,SimSun;"><br></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-famil=
y:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Thanks,</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-=
size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Kind Regards</div><div sty=
le=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">K=
epeng</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"><br><br></div><div class=3D"=
__aliyun_previous_quote"><div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-=
family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">-----------------------------------------=
-------------------------<br>=E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA=EF=BC=9AG=C3=B6ran Se=
lander &lt;goran.selander@ericsson.com&gt;<br>=E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=
=B4=EF=BC=9A2015=E5=B9=B43=E6=9C=8819=E6=97=A5(=E6=98=9F=E6=9C=9F=E5=9B=9B) 17=
:55<br>=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA=EF=BC=9AAce &lt;ace@ietf.org&gt;<br>=E6=8A=84=
=E3=80=80=E9=80=81=EF=BC=9ALudwig Seitz &lt;ludwig@sics.se&gt;<br>=E4=B8=BB=E3=
=80=80=E9=A2=98=EF=BC=9ARe: [Ace] [ACE] Side meeting in Dallas<br><br></div>=0A=
=0A=0A=0A<div>All,</div>=0A<div><br>=0A</div>=0A<div>=0A<p style=3D"margin: 0.=
0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica;">Ludwig and I have put together =
some slides combining different inputs on architecture, terminology and proble=
m statement for ACE.&nbsp;</p>=0A<p style=3D"margin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;f=
ont-family: Helvetica;min-height: 14.0px;">=0A<br>=0A</p>=0A<p style=3D"margin=
: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica;">The architecture is inspire=
d by draft-gerdes-ace-actors. The terminology builds on UMA/OAuth. The problem=
 statement is a combination of draft-seitz-ace-problem-description, draft-gerd=
es-ace-actors=0A and draft-selander-ace-object-security.</p>=0A<p style=3D"mar=
gin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica;min-height: 14.0px;">=0A<b=
r>=0A</p>=0A<p style=3D"margin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica=
;">Food for thought. Input for the side meeting on Monday evening. Comments ar=
e welcome.&nbsp;</p>=0A<p style=3D"margin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family=
: Helvetica;"><br>=0A</p>=0A<p style=3D"margin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-f=
amily: Helvetica;">Here are the slides:</p>=0A<p style=3D"margin: 0.0px;font-s=
ize: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica;min-height: 14.0px;">=0A<a href=3D"https://=
www.sics.se/~ludwig/ACE/arch-term-n-prob-desc-00.pdf" target=3D"_blank">https:=
//www.sics.se/~ludwig/ACE/arch-term-n-prob-desc-00.pdf</a></p>=0A<p style=3D"m=
argin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica;"><br>=0A</p>=0A<p style=
=3D"margin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica;">Best regards,</p>=
=0A<p style=3D"margin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica;">G=C3=B6=
ran</p>=0A<p style=3D"margin: 0.0px;font-size: 12.0px;font-family: Helvetica;m=
in-height: 14.0px;">=0A<br>=0A</p>=0A</div>=0A<div><br>=0A</div>=0A<span id=3D=
"OLK_SRC_BODY_SECTION">=0A<div style=3D"font-family: Calibri;font-size: 11.0pt=
;text-align: left;color: black;BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;BORDER-LEFT: medium =
none;PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.0in;PADDING-LEFT: 0.0in;PADDING-RIGHT: 0.0in;BORDER-TOP=
: #b5c4df 1.0pt solid;BORDER-RIGHT: medium none;PADDING-TOP: 3.0pt;">=0A<span =
style=3D"font-weight: bold;">From: </span>Kepeng Li &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:kepe=
ng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com" target=3D"_blank">kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com</a>&gt;<b=
r>=0A<span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Reply-To: </span>Kepeng Li &lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com" target=3D"_blank">kepeng.lkp@alibaba-in=
c.com</a>&gt;<br>=0A<span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Date: </span>Thursday 1=
9 March 2015 09:45<br>=0A<span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">To: </span>Ace &lt=
;<a href=3D"mailto:ace@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">ace@ietf.org</a>&gt;<br>=0A=
<span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Cc: </span>Hannes Tschofenig &lt;<a href=3D=
"mailto:hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net" target=3D"_blank">hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net=
</a>&gt;<br>=0A<span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Subject: </span>[Ace] [ACE] =
Side meeting in Dallas<br>=0A</div>=0A<div><br>=0A</div>=0A<blockquote id=3D"M=
AC_OUTLOOK_ATTRIBUTION_BLOCKQUOTE" style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #b5c4df 5 solid;PADDI=
NG: 0 0 0 5;MARGIN: 0 0 0 5;">=0A<div>=0A<div>=0A<div class=3D"__aliyun_email_=
body_block">=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family: Tah=
oma , Arial , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0AHello all,</div>=0A<div style=3D"color: #0=
00000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family: Tahoma , Arial , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0A<b=
r>=0A</div>=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family: Taho=
ma , Arial , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0AAccording to the doodle poll, our side meet=
ing will be on Monday (23rd Mar, 2015), &nbsp;19:10 ~ 20:40, local time.</div>=
=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family: Tahoma , Arial =
, STHeiti , SimSun;">=0A<a href=3D"http://doodle.com/d8rmzyt7nkzpg2f62uffu4eq/=
admin#table" target=3D"_blank">http://doodle.com/d8rmzyt7nkzpg2f62uffu4eq/admi=
n#table</a></div>=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family=
: Tahoma , Arial , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0A<br>=0A</div>=0A<div style=3D"color: =
#000000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family: Tahoma , Arial , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0A=
Let's meet at the end of the meeting room after the Technical Plenary meeting.=
</div>=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family: Tahoma , =
Arial , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0A<br>=0A</div>=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;fon=
t-size: 14.0px;font-family: Tahoma , Arial , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0AThanks,</di=
v>=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family: Tahoma , Aria=
l , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0A<br>=0A</div>=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;font-si=
ze: 14.0px;font-family: Tahoma , Arial , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0AKind Regards</d=
iv>=0A<div style=3D"color: #000000;font-size: 14.0px;font-family: Tahoma , Ari=
al , STHeiti , SimSun;">=0AKepeng</div>=0A<div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wra=
p"><br>=0A<br>=0A</div>=0A</div>=0A</div>=0A</div>=0A</blockquote>=0A</span></=
div></div></div>
------=ALIBOUNDARY_5076_4a780940_551026e5_8522a--


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From: <dominique.barthel@orange.com>
To: "Ace@ietf.org" <Ace@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Ace] Protecting the physical access to a device
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Protecting the physical access to a device
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From nobody Mon Mar 23 12:30:44 2015
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Subject: [Ace] Meeting Room for Tonight
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Hi all,

for our meeting this evening after the IAB plenary we are going to meet
at the room "Pavilion".

See you there!

Ciao
Hannes


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From nobody Mon Mar 23 18:20:59 2015
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Subject: [Ace] Transaction model
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Further to the discussion in the ACE side meeting, I came up with this
(rather complicated) model which in my mind shows what considerations there
are when it comes to just a very basic instantaneous request/response
transaction with respect to a resource.

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qFH5zPoBWx1Rog3OkPwqKnwVd-SNsWsFZR9t7lDFdA0/edit?usp=sharing

Happy to explain it further.

Robert

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Further to the discussion in the ACE side meeting, I came =
up with this (rather complicated) model which in my mind shows what conside=
rations there are when it comes to just a very basic instantaneous request/=
response transaction with respect to a resource.<div><br></div><div><a href=
=3D"https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qFH5zPoBWx1Rog3OkPwqKnwVd-SNsWs=
FZR9t7lDFdA0/edit?usp=3Dsharing">https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1qF=
H5zPoBWx1Rog3OkPwqKnwVd-SNsWsFZR9t7lDFdA0/edit?usp=3Dsharing</a><br></div><=
div><br></div><div>Happy to explain it further.</div><div><br></div><div>Ro=
bert</div></div>

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Subject: Re: [Ace] Protecting the physical access to a device
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On 03/23/2015 07:46 PM, dominique.barthel@orange.com wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> Reading 5.1 of http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-seitz-ace-problem-descrip=
tion-03.txt , I have another comment on physical access.
> "Since it does not make sense to design a solution for a situation
>    that cannot be protected against we assume there is no need to
>     protect assets which are exposed during a physical attack.  In othe=
r
>     words, either an attacker does not have physical access to the sens=
or
>     or actuator device, or if it has, the attack shall only have effect=

>     during the period of physical attack."
>
> I recommend to state the extent of the attack should not only be limite=
d in time, but also in breadth.
> For example, physical attack on one little device lying on the street s=
hould not give access to the whole network of thousands of nodes in the c=
ity, even only for the limited duration of the physical attack.
>
> Best regards
>
> Dominique
>

I remember thinking along these lines, but apparently I failed to put it =

into words. I'll try to find a suitable phrasing for this in the next=20
update.

Thank you for your contribution.

/Ludwig


--=20
Ludwig Seitz, PhD
SICS Swedish ICT AB
Ideon Science Park
Building Beta 2
Scheelev=C3=A4gen 17
SE-223 70 Lund

Phone +46(0)70-349 92 51
http://www.sics.se


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Hi Göran,

Thank you for your comments.

On 03/17/2015 11:59 AM, Göran Selander wrote:
>
> Hi Steffi,
>
> I've finally got around to read the "actors" draft as a whole. I've listed
> some comments below.
>
>
> General:
>
> • The draft introduces one new node in the architecture (compared to e.g.
> UMA) called COP, supporting a constrained client. I think this kind of
> "support node" is useful, but its functionality needs to be further
> elaborated (see detailed comments).

In fact there are two supporting nodes called CAM and SAM. They both 
help their respective constrained device with authentication and 
authorization since the constrained devices might be too constrained to 
perform complex security tasks on their own, e.g. storing a large number 
of keys or interpreting complex authorization policies. Moreover, CAM 
and SAM provide user interfaces which the constrained devices might not 
have.

>
> • There is lots of innovation of terminology; both new terms
> (authenticated authorization, binary authorization, unrestricted
> authorization, authorized representation, authorized resource, endorsement
> information, complexity levels, etc.); new names for roles in the
> authorization architecture (Client Overseesing Principal, Server
> Overseeing Principal, Client Authorization Manager, Server Authorization
> Manager, Attribute Binding Authority); and also the meaning of existing
> terms (e.g. authorization) is being changed. I disagree with how some
> terms are used and moreover I think it would be much better to use less
> terminology and try to reuse existing terminology. Here are a few reasons:

I find it surprising that you seem to think that the actors draft 
redefines authorization. The common understanding is that authorization 
is about allowing entities to do or be something. Do you question that?

I agree that we should use exisiting terminology where applicable. I am 
not aware that there are definitions for the levels of granularity for 
the authorization such as "binary authorization", "device authorization" 
etc. elsewhere. If there is, please point it out to me.

>
> 	- Access control is not a new problem. Although the constrained
> environment motivates some new functionality, that does not warrant a
> completly new terminology.

People found the OAuth terminology in the draft confusing which is why 
it was removed. I think it will be more damaging to use a terminology 
that doesn't really fit.

>
> 	- At the end of the day we want people approaching this work to be able
> to reuse gained knowledge from other contexts to quickly understand what
> this work is good for. The sheer amount of new terms is discouraging.

Not being able to understand the underlying problems because the 
terminology indicates a different solution will only make things worse.

>
> 	- Taking existing terminology as a basis doesn't necessarily imply
> restricting the solution (as has been iterated many times on this list,
> see also detailed comment below). Besides, in our case it is mainly a
> question of *adding* a few terms such as describing the functionality of
> the above mentioned support node. (Of course, for that purpose, one new
> term will be needed.)

True, existing terminology not necessarily implies restricting the 
solution and I am a fan of reusing terminology where it fits. I didn't 
get the impression that the existing terminology fits so well with the 
architecture proposed in the actor's draft and from earlier comments I 
got the impression that other people share this impression.

>
> • There is an ambition to symmetrize the problem statement and remove the
> intrinsic assymmetry of the access control problem. However aesthetic this
> architecture looks in all its symmetry and matching terminology, this
> ambition is misguided and hides part of the problem. I suspect it is this
> ambition which is behind the re-interpretations of existing terms, such as
> "authorization". For example only confidentiality and integrity aspects of
> authorization are considered  ("The security objectives that can be
> addressed by an authorization solution are confidentiality and integrity")
> since those can be handled more symmetrically than other aspects of
> authorization. More below.

I don't understand what you refer to with "symmetrize". I agree that 
there are different security objectives on the both sides (client side 
and server side). That's why we need to modelize them. Only then will we 
be able to see all the problems. If we only model the server side, 
client side problems will be difficult to see.

It would be really nice if you could state which kind of problems are 
hidden in the actor's draft. I was already asking you to point them out 
to me for the use cases document. But unfortunately, you were not able 
or willing to do so until now. It will be difficult to address your 
comment if you are not explaining it.

>
> • The end-to-end security setting as described in e.g.
> draft-selander-ace-object-security, is missing from in this draft. (See
> below)

The tasks address the use of proxies (entities that are authorized to 
speak for ..). Is that what you are aiming at?

>
>
>
> Detailed comments:
>
> Section 1.1
> —
>
> • "Actor"
>
> I would call this "role". There is a common use of the terms "actor" and
> "role", wherein a "role" characterizes certain functionality and an
> "actor" is some entity that may or may not have the functionality
> characterised by the role.

The term "role" is quite confusing for authorization solutions since it 
will easily be mixed up with the roles in role based authorization. 
There was already so much confusion about the term "resource" that I 
would rather not use the term "role".

>
> "Resource Overseeing Principal (ROP):
> Client Overseeing Principal (COP):
> Server Authorization Manager (SAM):"
>
> These terms have
>
>
> Section 2
> —
>
> • "authorized representation"
>
> This term is not defined in the terminology section but supposedly means a
> representation the client is configured to send in a particular request
>
>
> • "authorized resources"
>
> This term is not defined in the terminology section but supposedly means a
> resource that a client is configured to request

I don't get what you are trying to tell me with these comments.

>
>
>
> • "Req.0.2    C is exchanging status updates of a resource only with
>        authorized resources."
>
> That the use of the term authorization on the client side is misleading.
> Every task a client performs is on behalf of its control node (COP). If
> all these tasks are called authorization, then there is nothing that isn't
> authorization.  There is no system resource on the client side to which
> access is authorized.

I don't know what your interpretion of authorization is. The handbook of 
applied cryptography defines it as the "conveyance, to another entity, 
of official sanction to do or be something".

To achieve the security objectives of the client overseeing principal, 
the client must be able to enforce them. It needs to be able to answer 
the question "Does my principal think that this resource on this server 
is an authorized resource or not". Otherwise the security objectives 
integrity and confidentiality are threatened.

The authorization problems on the client side won't go away if we 
pretend that they are not there or try to define them away.

>
> Section 3
> —
>
> • "The security objectives that can be addressed by an authorization
> solution are confidentiality and integrity. Availability cannot be
> achieved by authorization solutions. However, misconfigured or wrongly
> designed authorization solutions can result in availability breaches:
> Users might no longer be able to use data and services as they are
> supposed to. "
>
> I agree that confidentiality and integrity protection can be used as one
> component to enforce an authorization decision, but characterizing
> authorization only as that is misleading. Generally speaking,
> authorization is about restricting access to (system) resources, which
> include restricting the right to initiate processing on a server, which in
> turn provides some resistance against attacks/overload and thus is related
> to availability.

It might be useful to point out that authorization might also be used 
for load control.

Integrity and confidentiality have a direct dependency to authorization. 
If the authorization solution is broken, the integrity and 
confidentiality of data likely is compromised. I agree that you might 
also use authorization for load control, but availablity is not 
necessarily breached if the authorization solution fails.

>
> • "In many cases, one participating party might have different security
> objectives than the other. However, to achieve a security objective, both
> parties must participate in providing a solution. E.g., if COP requires
> the integrity of sensor value representations S is hosting, Both C and S
> need to integrity-protect the transmitted data. "
>
> Why does C need to integrity protect transmitted data? Isn't it sufficient
> that S integrity protects the sensor value representation it is hosting?

The integrity-protection won't work if C doesn't check the protection of 
the received data. I will rephrase this part to make it easier to understand

>
> Section 4
> —
>
> • "To determine if an entity is authorized to access a resource, an
> authentication mechanism is needed. According to the Internet Security
> Glossary [RFC4949], authentication is “the process of verifying a claim
> that a system entity or system resource has a certain attribute value.”
> Examples for attribute values are the ID of a device, the type of the
> device or the name of its owner. "
>
> Authentication, in the sense of verifying a claim about a attribute value,
> is not necssary. A server may encrypt a resource representation with a
> specific key only possessed by authorized clients (cf. OSCAR,
> http://arxiv.org/abs/1404.7799).

This is an example for authentication and authorization working closely 
together. You can do authorization and authentication together if you 
bind authorization information to a key. But you will still need to make 
sure that the key is given to the right entity. You can't do 
authorization if you are not sure who you are authorizing and if you 
cannot decide if the one you are talking to really is the one who is 
authorized.

>
>
> • "We use the term authenticated authorization to refer to a synthesis of
> mechanism for authentication and authorization. "
>
> The term "Authenticated authorization" is quite vague.

Can you elaborate that? I think the paragraph shows why authentication 
and authorization mechanism need to work together.

>
>
> • "unrestricted authorization"
>
> This is defined as "no authorization". Why not just say so?

If unrestricted authorization is used, no authorization mechanism is 
used. Therefore everyone is authorized. "no authorization" might be 
misinterpreted.

>
> • "For all cases where an authorization solution is needed (all but
> Unrestricted Authorization), the authorizing party needs to be able to
> authenticate the party that is to be authorized. Authentication is
> therefore required for messages that contain representations of an
> accessed item. More precisely, the authorizing party needs to make sure
> that the receiver of a message containing a representation, and the sender
> of a message containing a representation are authorized to receive and
> send this message, respectively. To achieve this, the integrity of these
> messages is required: Authenticity cannot be assured if it is possible for
> an attacker to modify the message during transmission."
>
> I find a several things confusing here:
> 	- What party is the authorizing party? A server or a SAM / Authorization
> Server?

The client or the server. If the term "authorizing party" is confusing I 
can try to rephrase the section without using it.

Summarizing, the section states that the receiver of a resource 
representation needs to make sure that the sender of the resource 
representation is allowed to send it and that the sender of a resource 
representation must make sure that the receiver of a resource 
representation is allowed to receive it.

>
> 	- "Authentication is therefore required for messages that contain
> representations of an accessed item. " The next sentence claims to make
> precise, but does so in terms of authorization.

I don't understand this comment.

>
> 	- "the authorizing party needs to make sure that (- - -)the sender of a
> message containing a representation are authorized to (- - -) send this
> message". I think this had better be rephrased as the CAM enables
> configuration of the client.

I think configuration is a very vague term and can mean everything in 
this context. The problem that we need to solve here is an authorization 
problem.

>
>
> • "The security objectives of one side can often only be achieved with the
> help of the other side. E.g., if the server requires the confidentiality
> of a resource representation, the client must make sure that it does not
> send resource updates to parties other than the server. Therefore, the
> client must at least use binary authorization."
>
> The formulation indicates that the decision whether a client that makes a
> request is needs to take into account server policies before encrypting
> the request. I think this should be configured in the client.

I think it will be difficult to configure in the client what a server 
that belongs to someone else wants. I think it will be useful to assume 
that in some scenarios you will always need at least binary 
authorization on the client side.

>
> Section 6
> —
>
> 6.1
>
> • "This document does not assume a specific solution."
>
> This is two-edged sword. If you claim that we can't use OAuth/UMA
> architecture because it assumes a specific solution, then so does this
> document.

It might be helpful if you also state the context of this sentence. This 
refers to the exchanged messages between the client and the server which 
is stated in the next sentence.

>
>
> 6.2
>
> • "The reason for using an authorization solution is to validate that the
> entity that sent the information used for processing is authorized to
> provide it. To validate if a sender is authorized to send a received piece
> of information, the receiver must determine the sender’s authorization.
> Correspondingly, to validate if a receiver is allowed to receive a
> message, the sender must determine its authorization. This can only be
> achieved with the help of an authentication mechanism."
>
> I think this is all very complicated, and is overusing the term
> "authorization". The server should determine if the client is authorized
> to access a resource, and perform accordingly. The client should perform
> as configured (potentially dynamically using a CAM-type node). That's it.

With "configure" you mean the configuration of authorization on the 
client side, I guess.

>
>
> 6.4
>
> item 1: I think this is out of scope for ACE

The process of configuration might be out of scope but it is still a 
necessary process. In constrained environments it is necessary to 
consider how this configuration can occur since constrained devices 
often don't have user interfaces or displays.

> item 2: agree. I think we should add something analogous about
> configuration of client

No need for that. This already applies to both the client and the server.

> item 3-4: this is assuming a particular solution. We can obtain
> granularity without the attribute exercise by associating certain keys to
> certain permissions, as mentioned above.

I guess you are referring to item 3. I will try to rephrase it to better 
include those solutions.

The authorization will still need to be enforced as defined in item 4.

>
>
> 7.1
>
> "C performs the following tasks:
> • Negotiate means for secure communication (Task TSecureComm, see Appendix
> A.2.3)."
>
> Not necessary if there is a TTP, such as an Authorization Server,
> providing security context

If a device wants to communicate securely, it somehow hast to obtain the 
means (e.g. keying material) for that. If the Authorization Server 
provides this to the device this fulfills TSecureComm.

>
> • "Validate that an entity is an authorized source for R (Task
> TValSourceAuthz, see Appendix A.2.2)."
>
> I would phrase this that C is configured to request R.

You mean that you can make sure that an S is an authorized source for R 
by configuring C to access R on S? That would be one solution.

>
> "S performs the following tasks:
> • Negotiate means for secure communication (Task TSecureComm, see Appendix
> A.2.3)."
>
> Not necessary if there is a TTP, such as an Authorization Server,
> providing security context

If the authorization provides this to the device, this is TSecureComm.

>
>
>
> 7.2
>
> "COP must fulfill the following task:
> • Configure for C authorization information for sources for R "
>
> I would rephrase this bullet as "• Configure for C resources R to be
> accessed"
>
>
> 7.3
>
> •  Why does the CAM have to be in the same security domain as C and COP.
> Could it not be outsourced? (See e.g. Healthcare scenario
> http://kantarainitiative.org/confluence/display/uma/UMA+Trust+Model+User+gu
> ide)

What do you mean with outsourced? That the principal controlling C is 
different from the principal that controls CAM?

>
>
>
> • The setting with CAM always being intermediary between C and SAM
> (=Authorization Server) is problematic. C needs to be authorized (and/or
> prove that it is) to access S. In a federated setting it could work that,
> as CAM becomes authorized so does all its assigned Cs. But in the general
> case, SAM needs to communicate securely with C and provide the necessary
> keys or credentials. In this case CAM has no security function. But the
> architecture prescribes that interaction between C and SAM is never done
> directly, but via CAM. In this case CAM does not have a role at all, so
> there is not only a difference where CAM is hosted, but in its function.

I don't quite understand what you are getting at. There may be cases 
where you don't need a distinct CAM. You can have a single machine or a 
single piece of software that performs CAM's and SAM's tasks. That's why 
the draft states: "The architecture of an actual solution might differ 
as long as the security requirements that derive from the relationship 
between the identified actors are considered. Several actors might share 
a single device or even be combined in a single
piece of software. Interfaces between actors may be realized as 
protocols or be internal to such a piece of software."

>
>
>
> 8.1
>
> • Next to last paragraph: Although confidentiality and integrity
> protection are the security objectives considered in this document, there
> is no consideration of end-to-end security in the presence of intermediary
> nodes (which would induce DTLS hop by hop)

What do you think is missing here?

>
> 8.2
>
> • In case OAuth is applied to the "less constrained level", what are the
> protected resources at SAM accessed by CAM? (Access tokens?)

I think finding out how constrained level and less-constrained level 
protocols can work together is one of the challenges in ACE. I hope we 
will find out how we will do this exactly but I don't think this is in 
scope for the actor's draft. The draft just states that there are 
different requirements for the different levels.

Best regards,
Steffi


>
>
>
>
> Best regards
> Göran
>
>
>
>
>
> On 2015-03-10 14:25, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>
>> Hi all,
>>
>> Please find attached the new version notification for the actors draft.
>>
>> The main changes are:
>> - To address comments (e.g., in the ACE session in Honolulu) OAuth
>> terminology was removed to avoid misunderstandings.
>> - The term "owner" was replaced since comments on the list indicated
>> that owner might not be a suitable term.
>> - A section about autonomous communication was added to point out that
>> there is not always an active user in constrained environments, and
>> devices need to be able to enforce the user's security policies
>> autonomously.
>>
>> Comments are very welcome.
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Steffi
>>
>>
>> -------- Forwarded Message --------
>> Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
>> Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2015 16:49:20 -0700
>> From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
>> To: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>, Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>
>>
>>
>> A new version of I-D, draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
>> has been successfully submitted by Stefanie Gerdes and posted to the
>> IETF repository.
>>
>> Name:		draft-gerdes-ace-actors
>> Revision:	03
>> Title:		Actors in the ACE Architecture
>> Document date:	2015-03-09
>> Group:		Individual Submission
>> Pages:		26
>> URL:
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
>> Status:         https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gerdes-ace-actors/
>> Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03
>> Diff:
>> http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03
>>
>> Abstract:
>>     Constrained nodes are small devices which are limited in terms of
>>     processing power, memory, non-volatile storage and transmission
>>     capacity.  Due to these constraints, commonly used security protocols
>>     are not easily applicable.  Nevertheless, an authentication and
>>     authorization solution is needed to ensure the security of these
>>     devices.
>>
>>     Due to the limitations of the constrained nodes it is especially
>>     important to develop a light-weight security solution which is
>>     adjusted to the relevant security objectives of each participating
>>     party in this environment.  Necessary security measures must be
>>     identified and applied where needed.
>>
>>     In this document, the required security related tasks are identified
>>     as guidance for the development of authentication and authorization
>>     solutions for constrained environments.  Based on the tasks, an
>>     architecture is developed to represent the relationships between the
>>     logical functional entities involved.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of
>> submission
>> until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.
>>
>> The IETF Secretariat
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ace mailing list
>> Ace@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


From nobody Tue Mar 24 08:54:16 2015
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Hi Alper,

Thank you for your comment.

I was thinking about adding an example use case to the draft but that is 
quite difficult without proposing a certain solution.

If we take the container scenario, C could be the device with the 
temperature sensor in the banana box and S could be the cooling unit. In 
this case COP would be the fruit vendor while ROP would be the container 
owner. CAM and SAM are more powerful devices (class 2 and above).

It is also possible that S is the temperature sensor and C is the 
cooling unit. In this case, ROP would be the fruit vendor and COP would 
be the container owner.

Best regards,
Steffi

On 03/16/2015 03:47 PM, Alper Yegin wrote:
> Hello,
>
> I've read draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03, and I have one comment:
>
> It'd be really useful if specific examples were provided for COP/ROM/CAM/SAM. Visualizing the examples helps it easier to grasp the concept and follow the text.
>
> Alper
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


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Stefanie Gerdes wrote:
> I don't know what your interpretion of authorization is.

Yesterday in the side meeting, it seemed Göran wants to use
authorization as a synonym for "things you can do with an access control
list", i.e. access control to resources on a CoAP server.  But then
there were some audience comments that you actually can use ACLs to do
authorization of client behavior as well.  So yes, there is some
confusion here.

Grüße, Carsten


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Subject: [Ace] End-to-end security use case wrt discussion at ACE@IETF92
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There was a comment during the ACE meeting at IETF 92 that we should=20
take up the end-to-end security usecases from=20
draft-selander-object-security in draft-ietf-ace-usecases.

I just wanted to point out that draft-ietf-ace-usecases contains a case=20
that illustrates the end-to-end security problem with intermediate=20
nodes. See section 2.5.3.  Advanced Metering Infrastructure and U5.7

Does the WG feel that this covers the issue sufficiently?

/Ludwig



--=20
Ludwig Seitz, PhD
SICS Swedish ICT AB
Ideon Science Park
Building Beta 2
Scheelev=C3=A4gen 17
SE-223 70 Lund

Phone +46(0)70-349 92 51
http://www.sics.se


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From: "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com>
To: "saag" <saag@ietf.org>, "Ace" <ace@ietf.org>
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------=ALIBOUNDARY_15072_4a2f1940_5511f3d5_2e58
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ACE WG Meeting=0AIETF 92 - Dallas=0ATuesday 24 March 2015, 13:00 - 15:00 CDT=0A=
Chairs: Kepeng Li, Hannes Tschofenig=0A=0A* Use Cases (Sandeep S. Kumar)=0A - =
No open issues. Next step is to initiate WGLC. Five people volunteered to revi=
ew the draft.=0A=0A* Problem Description (Goeran Selander)- The term "Configur=
ation Server" needs to be checked.=C2=A0=0A- There was consensus to use proble=
m description and terminology as a starting point to work on.=0A=0A* Actors (C=
arsten Bormann, 20 mins)=0A - There was preference to reuse OAuth terminologie=
s (e.g. Resource Server, Authorization Server).- Action: Design team is reques=
ted to merge Problem Description draft and Actors draft, and provide a combine=
d draft.=0A=0A* Delegated CoAP Authentication and Authorization Framework (Car=
sten Bormann)=0A - No time for the detailed discussion.=C2=A0It is recommended=
 to provide feedback in the mailing list.=0A=0A* Object Security (Goeran Selan=
der)=0A - There was comment that part of the work should be done in CORE.- The=
re was comment that it depends on COSE work.- No consensus to adopt it this ti=
me. More time is needed.=0A* Use Oauth and UMA (Hannes Tschofenig)=0A - No tim=
e for the detailed discussion. It is recommended to provide feedback in the ma=
iling list.=0A=0A* Wrap-up- Chairs will request 2.5 hours for the next F2F mee=
ting.Thanks,Kind RegardsKepeng
------=ALIBOUNDARY_15072_4a2f1940_5511f3d5_2e58
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<div class=3D"__aliyun_email_body_block"><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size=
:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">ACE WG Meeting<br>IETF 92 - Da=
llas<br>Tuesday 24 March 2015, 13:00 - 15:00 CDT<br>Chairs: Kepeng Li, Hannes =
Tschofenig<br><br>* Use Cases (Sandeep S. Kumar)<br> - No open issues. Next st=
ep is to initiate WGLC. Five people volunteered to review the draft.<br><br>* =
Problem Description (Goeran Selander)</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-si=
ze:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">- The term "Configuration Se=
rver" needs to be checked.&nbsp;<br>- There was consensus to use problem descr=
iption and terminology as a starting point to work on.<br><br>* Actors (Carste=
n Bormann, 20 mins)<br> - There was preference to reuse OAuth terminologies (e=
.g. Resource Server, Authorization Server).</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;f=
ont-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">- Action: Design team =
is requested to merge Problem Description draft and Actors draft, and provide =
a combined draft.<br><br>* Delegated CoAP Authentication and Authorization Fra=
mework (Carsten Bormann)<br> - No time for the detailed discussion.&nbsp;It is=
 recommended to provide feedback in the mailing list.<br><br>* Object Security=
 (Goeran Selander)<br> - There was comment that part of the work should be don=
e in CORE.</div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,=
Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">- There was comment that it depends on COSE work.</div>=
<div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,Si=
mSun;">- No consensus to adopt it this time. More time is needed.</div><div st=
yle=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">=
<br>* Use Oauth and UMA (Hannes Tschofenig)<br> - No time for the detailed dis=
cussion. It is recommended to provide feedback in the mailing list.<br></div><=
div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"><br></div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signatu=
re_wrap">* Wrap-up</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap">- Chairs will r=
equest 2.5 hours for the next F2F meeting.</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signatu=
re_wrap"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"=
>Thanks,</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1">=
</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap">Kind Regards</div><div class=3D"_=
_aliyun_signature_wrap">Kepeng</div></div>
------=ALIBOUNDARY_15072_4a2f1940_5511f3d5_2e58--


From nobody Tue Mar 24 17:19:32 2015
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From: Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
To: "Ace" <ace@ietf.org>
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Date: Wed, 25 Mar 2015 01:19:23 +0100
In-Reply-To: <7a940fc9-72a2-4503-a453-f8e2bae9cc51@alibaba-inc.com> (Kepeng Li's message of "Wed, 25 Mar 2015 07:31:33 +0800")
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Subject: Re: [Ace] ACE Report
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"Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com> writes:

> ACE WG Meeting
> IETF 92 - Dallas
> Tuesday 24 March 2015, 13:00 - 15:00 CDT
> Chairs: Kepeng Li, Hannes Tschofenig

[...]

> - Action: Design team is requested to merge Problem Description draft
> and Actors draft, and provide a combined draft.

After thinking a while about this I doubt that this is a good idea.
Both documents have a completely different focus:
draft-seitz-ace-problem-description lists a few design considerations
and makes assumptions to lay the ground for a preferred solution, while
draft-gerdes-ace-actors analyzes the entire problem space on a
theoretical level and derives a reference model that takes *all* aspects
of authorization into account. I recommend aligning the documents with
respect to their terminology and otherwise let them stay separate.
I would love to see progress on the solution side soon instead of more
exhausting discussions whether or not the existence of real world
problems shall be denied by the ACE WG.

Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe
Olaf


From nobody Tue Mar 24 22:51:44 2015
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
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Hi Göran,

I would still like to know your answers to the questions that are not 
about C, RS, Authorization Managers and Owner Terminology.

Best regards,
Steffi

On 03/24/2015 10:49 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Steffi,
>
> I interpret the outcome of the meeting that Ludwig, you and I should
> collaborate on drafting a document containing the architecture, terms and
> problem statement according to the side meeting results from yesterday and
> document that together with parts of the actors draft and the problem
> description draft.
>
> I propose we take the continued discussion offline to save the poor ears
> of the ACE members.
>
> Best regards,
> Göran
>
>
> On 2015-03-24 10:42, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>
>> Hi Göran,
>>
>> Thank you for your comments.
>>
>> On 03/17/2015 11:59 AM, Göran Selander wrote:
>>>
>>> Hi Steffi,
>>>
>>> I've finally got around to read the "actors" draft as a whole. I've
>>> listed
>>> some comments below.
>>>
>>>
>>> General:
>>>
>>> • The draft introduces one new node in the architecture (compared to
>>> e.g.
>>> UMA) called COP, supporting a constrained client. I think this kind of
>>> "support node" is useful, but its functionality needs to be further
>>> elaborated (see detailed comments).
>>
>> In fact there are two supporting nodes called CAM and SAM. They both
>> help their respective constrained device with authentication and
>> authorization since the constrained devices might be too constrained to
>> perform complex security tasks on their own, e.g. storing a large number
>> of keys or interpreting complex authorization policies. Moreover, CAM
>> and SAM provide user interfaces which the constrained devices might not
>> have.
>>
>>>
>>> • There is lots of innovation of terminology; both new terms
>>> (authenticated authorization, binary authorization, unrestricted
>>> authorization, authorized representation, authorized resource,
>>> endorsement
>>> information, complexity levels, etc.); new names for roles in the
>>> authorization architecture (Client Overseesing Principal, Server
>>> Overseeing Principal, Client Authorization Manager, Server Authorization
>>> Manager, Attribute Binding Authority); and also the meaning of existing
>>> terms (e.g. authorization) is being changed. I disagree with how some
>>> terms are used and moreover I think it would be much better to use less
>>> terminology and try to reuse existing terminology. Here are a few
>>> reasons:
>>
>> I find it surprising that you seem to think that the actors draft
>> redefines authorization. The common understanding is that authorization
>> is about allowing entities to do or be something. Do you question that?
>>
>> I agree that we should use exisiting terminology where applicable. I am
>> not aware that there are definitions for the levels of granularity for
>> the authorization such as "binary authorization", "device authorization"
>> etc. elsewhere. If there is, please point it out to me.
>>
>>>
>>> 	- Access control is not a new problem. Although the constrained
>>> environment motivates some new functionality, that does not warrant a
>>> completly new terminology.
>>
>> People found the OAuth terminology in the draft confusing which is why
>> it was removed. I think it will be more damaging to use a terminology
>> that doesn't really fit.
>>
>>>
>>> 	- At the end of the day we want people approaching this work to be able
>>> to reuse gained knowledge from other contexts to quickly understand what
>>> this work is good for. The sheer amount of new terms is discouraging.
>>
>> Not being able to understand the underlying problems because the
>> terminology indicates a different solution will only make things worse.
>>
>>>
>>> 	- Taking existing terminology as a basis doesn't necessarily imply
>>> restricting the solution (as has been iterated many times on this list,
>>> see also detailed comment below). Besides, in our case it is mainly a
>>> question of *adding* a few terms such as describing the functionality of
>>> the above mentioned support node. (Of course, for that purpose, one new
>>> term will be needed.)
>>
>> True, existing terminology not necessarily implies restricting the
>> solution and I am a fan of reusing terminology where it fits. I didn't
>> get the impression that the existing terminology fits so well with the
>> architecture proposed in the actor's draft and from earlier comments I
>> got the impression that other people share this impression.
>>
>>>
>>> • There is an ambition to symmetrize the problem statement and remove
>>> the
>>> intrinsic assymmetry of the access control problem. However aesthetic
>>> this
>>> architecture looks in all its symmetry and matching terminology, this
>>> ambition is misguided and hides part of the problem. I suspect it is
>>> this
>>> ambition which is behind the re-interpretations of existing terms, such
>>> as
>>> "authorization". For example only confidentiality and integrity aspects
>>> of
>>> authorization are considered  ("The security objectives that can be
>>> addressed by an authorization solution are confidentiality and
>>> integrity")
>>> since those can be handled more symmetrically than other aspects of
>>> authorization. More below.
>>
>> I don't understand what you refer to with "symmetrize". I agree that
>> there are different security objectives on the both sides (client side
>> and server side). That's why we need to modelize them. Only then will we
>> be able to see all the problems. If we only model the server side,
>> client side problems will be difficult to see.
>>
>> It would be really nice if you could state which kind of problems are
>> hidden in the actor's draft. I was already asking you to point them out
>> to me for the use cases document. But unfortunately, you were not able
>> or willing to do so until now. It will be difficult to address your
>> comment if you are not explaining it.
>>
>>>
>>> • The end-to-end security setting as described in e.g.
>>> draft-selander-ace-object-security, is missing from in this draft. (See
>>> below)
>>
>> The tasks address the use of proxies (entities that are authorized to
>> speak for ..). Is that what you are aiming at?
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Detailed comments:
>>>
>>> Section 1.1
>>> —
>>>
>>> • "Actor"
>>>
>>> I would call this "role". There is a common use of the terms "actor" and
>>> "role", wherein a "role" characterizes certain functionality and an
>>> "actor" is some entity that may or may not have the functionality
>>> characterised by the role.
>>
>> The term "role" is quite confusing for authorization solutions since it
>> will easily be mixed up with the roles in role based authorization.
>> There was already so much confusion about the term "resource" that I
>> would rather not use the term "role".
>>
>>>
>>> "Resource Overseeing Principal (ROP):
>>> Client Overseeing Principal (COP):
>>> Server Authorization Manager (SAM):"
>>>
>>> These terms have
>>>
>>>
>>> Section 2
>>> —
>>>
>>> • "authorized representation"
>>>
>>> This term is not defined in the terminology section but supposedly
>>> means a
>>> representation the client is configured to send in a particular request
>>>
>>>
>>> • "authorized resources"
>>>
>>> This term is not defined in the terminology section but supposedly
>>> means a
>>> resource that a client is configured to request
>>
>> I don't get what you are trying to tell me with these comments.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> • "Req.0.2    C is exchanging status updates of a resource only with
>>>         authorized resources."
>>>
>>> That the use of the term authorization on the client side is misleading.
>>> Every task a client performs is on behalf of its control node (COP). If
>>> all these tasks are called authorization, then there is nothing that
>>> isn't
>>> authorization.  There is no system resource on the client side to which
>>> access is authorized.
>>
>> I don't know what your interpretion of authorization is. The handbook of
>> applied cryptography defines it as the "conveyance, to another entity,
>> of official sanction to do or be something".
>>
>> To achieve the security objectives of the client overseeing principal,
>> the client must be able to enforce them. It needs to be able to answer
>> the question "Does my principal think that this resource on this server
>> is an authorized resource or not". Otherwise the security objectives
>> integrity and confidentiality are threatened.
>>
>> The authorization problems on the client side won't go away if we
>> pretend that they are not there or try to define them away.
>>
>>>
>>> Section 3
>>> —
>>>
>>> • "The security objectives that can be addressed by an authorization
>>> solution are confidentiality and integrity. Availability cannot be
>>> achieved by authorization solutions. However, misconfigured or wrongly
>>> designed authorization solutions can result in availability breaches:
>>> Users might no longer be able to use data and services as they are
>>> supposed to. "
>>>
>>> I agree that confidentiality and integrity protection can be used as one
>>> component to enforce an authorization decision, but characterizing
>>> authorization only as that is misleading. Generally speaking,
>>> authorization is about restricting access to (system) resources, which
>>> include restricting the right to initiate processing on a server, which
>>> in
>>> turn provides some resistance against attacks/overload and thus is
>>> related
>>> to availability.
>>
>> It might be useful to point out that authorization might also be used
>> for load control.
>>
>> Integrity and confidentiality have a direct dependency to authorization.
>> If the authorization solution is broken, the integrity and
>> confidentiality of data likely is compromised. I agree that you might
>> also use authorization for load control, but availablity is not
>> necessarily breached if the authorization solution fails.
>>
>>>
>>> • "In many cases, one participating party might have different security
>>> objectives than the other. However, to achieve a security objective,
>>> both
>>> parties must participate in providing a solution. E.g., if COP requires
>>> the integrity of sensor value representations S is hosting, Both C and S
>>> need to integrity-protect the transmitted data. "
>>>
>>> Why does C need to integrity protect transmitted data? Isn't it
>>> sufficient
>>> that S integrity protects the sensor value representation it is hosting?
>>
>> The integrity-protection won't work if C doesn't check the protection of
>> the received data. I will rephrase this part to make it easier to
>> understand
>>
>>>
>>> Section 4
>>> —
>>>
>>> • "To determine if an entity is authorized to access a resource, an
>>> authentication mechanism is needed. According to the Internet Security
>>> Glossary [RFC4949], authentication is “the process of verifying a claim
>>> that a system entity or system resource has a certain attribute value.”
>>> Examples for attribute values are the ID of a device, the type of the
>>> device or the name of its owner. "
>>>
>>> Authentication, in the sense of verifying a claim about a attribute
>>> value,
>>> is not necssary. A server may encrypt a resource representation with a
>>> specific key only possessed by authorized clients (cf. OSCAR,
>>> http://arxiv.org/abs/1404.7799).
>>
>> This is an example for authentication and authorization working closely
>> together. You can do authorization and authentication together if you
>> bind authorization information to a key. But you will still need to make
>> sure that the key is given to the right entity. You can't do
>> authorization if you are not sure who you are authorizing and if you
>> cannot decide if the one you are talking to really is the one who is
>> authorized.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> • "We use the term authenticated authorization to refer to a synthesis
>>> of
>>> mechanism for authentication and authorization. "
>>>
>>> The term "Authenticated authorization" is quite vague.
>>
>> Can you elaborate that? I think the paragraph shows why authentication
>> and authorization mechanism need to work together.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> • "unrestricted authorization"
>>>
>>> This is defined as "no authorization". Why not just say so?
>>
>> If unrestricted authorization is used, no authorization mechanism is
>> used. Therefore everyone is authorized. "no authorization" might be
>> misinterpreted.
>>
>>>
>>> • "For all cases where an authorization solution is needed (all but
>>> Unrestricted Authorization), the authorizing party needs to be able to
>>> authenticate the party that is to be authorized. Authentication is
>>> therefore required for messages that contain representations of an
>>> accessed item. More precisely, the authorizing party needs to make sure
>>> that the receiver of a message containing a representation, and the
>>> sender
>>> of a message containing a representation are authorized to receive and
>>> send this message, respectively. To achieve this, the integrity of these
>>> messages is required: Authenticity cannot be assured if it is possible
>>> for
>>> an attacker to modify the message during transmission."
>>>
>>> I find a several things confusing here:
>>> 	- What party is the authorizing party? A server or a SAM /
>>> Authorization
>>> Server?
>>
>> The client or the server. If the term "authorizing party" is confusing I
>> can try to rephrase the section without using it.
>>
>> Summarizing, the section states that the receiver of a resource
>> representation needs to make sure that the sender of the resource
>> representation is allowed to send it and that the sender of a resource
>> representation must make sure that the receiver of a resource
>> representation is allowed to receive it.
>>
>>>
>>> 	- "Authentication is therefore required for messages that contain
>>> representations of an accessed item. " The next sentence claims to make
>>> precise, but does so in terms of authorization.
>>
>> I don't understand this comment.
>>
>>>
>>> 	- "the authorizing party needs to make sure that (- - -)the sender of a
>>> message containing a representation are authorized to (- - -) send this
>>> message". I think this had better be rephrased as the CAM enables
>>> configuration of the client.
>>
>> I think configuration is a very vague term and can mean everything in
>> this context. The problem that we need to solve here is an authorization
>> problem.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> • "The security objectives of one side can often only be achieved with
>>> the
>>> help of the other side. E.g., if the server requires the confidentiality
>>> of a resource representation, the client must make sure that it does not
>>> send resource updates to parties other than the server. Therefore, the
>>> client must at least use binary authorization."
>>>
>>> The formulation indicates that the decision whether a client that makes
>>> a
>>> request is needs to take into account server policies before encrypting
>>> the request. I think this should be configured in the client.
>>
>> I think it will be difficult to configure in the client what a server
>> that belongs to someone else wants. I think it will be useful to assume
>> that in some scenarios you will always need at least binary
>> authorization on the client side.
>>
>>>
>>> Section 6
>>> —
>>>
>>> 6.1
>>>
>>> • "This document does not assume a specific solution."
>>>
>>> This is two-edged sword. If you claim that we can't use OAuth/UMA
>>> architecture because it assumes a specific solution, then so does this
>>> document.
>>
>> It might be helpful if you also state the context of this sentence. This
>> refers to the exchanged messages between the client and the server which
>> is stated in the next sentence.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 6.2
>>>
>>> • "The reason for using an authorization solution is to validate that
>>> the
>>> entity that sent the information used for processing is authorized to
>>> provide it. To validate if a sender is authorized to send a received
>>> piece
>>> of information, the receiver must determine the sender’s authorization.
>>> Correspondingly, to validate if a receiver is allowed to receive a
>>> message, the sender must determine its authorization. This can only be
>>> achieved with the help of an authentication mechanism."
>>>
>>> I think this is all very complicated, and is overusing the term
>>> "authorization". The server should determine if the client is authorized
>>> to access a resource, and perform accordingly. The client should perform
>>> as configured (potentially dynamically using a CAM-type node). That's
>>> it.
>>
>> With "configure" you mean the configuration of authorization on the
>> client side, I guess.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 6.4
>>>
>>> item 1: I think this is out of scope for ACE
>>
>> The process of configuration might be out of scope but it is still a
>> necessary process. In constrained environments it is necessary to
>> consider how this configuration can occur since constrained devices
>> often don't have user interfaces or displays.
>>
>>> item 2: agree. I think we should add something analogous about
>>> configuration of client
>>
>> No need for that. This already applies to both the client and the server.
>>
>>> item 3-4: this is assuming a particular solution. We can obtain
>>> granularity without the attribute exercise by associating certain keys
>>> to
>>> certain permissions, as mentioned above.
>>
>> I guess you are referring to item 3. I will try to rephrase it to better
>> include those solutions.
>>
>> The authorization will still need to be enforced as defined in item 4.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 7.1
>>>
>>> "C performs the following tasks:
>>> • Negotiate means for secure communication (Task TSecureComm, see
>>> Appendix
>>> A.2.3)."
>>>
>>> Not necessary if there is a TTP, such as an Authorization Server,
>>> providing security context
>>
>> If a device wants to communicate securely, it somehow hast to obtain the
>> means (e.g. keying material) for that. If the Authorization Server
>> provides this to the device this fulfills TSecureComm.
>>
>>>
>>> • "Validate that an entity is an authorized source for R (Task
>>> TValSourceAuthz, see Appendix A.2.2)."
>>>
>>> I would phrase this that C is configured to request R.
>>
>> You mean that you can make sure that an S is an authorized source for R
>> by configuring C to access R on S? That would be one solution.
>>
>>>
>>> "S performs the following tasks:
>>> • Negotiate means for secure communication (Task TSecureComm, see
>>> Appendix
>>> A.2.3)."
>>>
>>> Not necessary if there is a TTP, such as an Authorization Server,
>>> providing security context
>>
>> If the authorization provides this to the device, this is TSecureComm.
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 7.2
>>>
>>> "COP must fulfill the following task:
>>> • Configure for C authorization information for sources for R "
>>>
>>> I would rephrase this bullet as "• Configure for C resources R to be
>>> accessed"
>>>
>>>
>>> 7.3
>>>
>>> •  Why does the CAM have to be in the same security domain as C and COP.
>>> Could it not be outsourced? (See e.g. Healthcare scenario
>>>
>>> http://kantarainitiative.org/confluence/display/uma/UMA+Trust+Model+User+
>>> gu
>>> ide)
>>
>> What do you mean with outsourced? That the principal controlling C is
>> different from the principal that controls CAM?
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> • The setting with CAM always being intermediary between C and SAM
>>> (=Authorization Server) is problematic. C needs to be authorized (and/or
>>> prove that it is) to access S. In a federated setting it could work
>>> that,
>>> as CAM becomes authorized so does all its assigned Cs. But in the
>>> general
>>> case, SAM needs to communicate securely with C and provide the necessary
>>> keys or credentials. In this case CAM has no security function. But the
>>> architecture prescribes that interaction between C and SAM is never done
>>> directly, but via CAM. In this case CAM does not have a role at all, so
>>> there is not only a difference where CAM is hosted, but in its function.
>>
>> I don't quite understand what you are getting at. There may be cases
>> where you don't need a distinct CAM. You can have a single machine or a
>> single piece of software that performs CAM's and SAM's tasks. That's why
>> the draft states: "The architecture of an actual solution might differ
>> as long as the security requirements that derive from the relationship
>> between the identified actors are considered. Several actors might share
>> a single device or even be combined in a single
>> piece of software. Interfaces between actors may be realized as
>> protocols or be internal to such a piece of software."
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 8.1
>>>
>>> • Next to last paragraph: Although confidentiality and integrity
>>> protection are the security objectives considered in this document,
>>> there
>>> is no consideration of end-to-end security in the presence of
>>> intermediary
>>> nodes (which would induce DTLS hop by hop)
>>
>> What do you think is missing here?
>>
>>>
>>> 8.2
>>>
>>> • In case OAuth is applied to the "less constrained level", what are the
>>> protected resources at SAM accessed by CAM? (Access tokens?)
>>
>> I think finding out how constrained level and less-constrained level
>> protocols can work together is one of the challenges in ACE. I hope we
>> will find out how we will do this exactly but I don't think this is in
>> scope for the actor's draft. The draft just states that there are
>> different requirements for the different levels.
>>
>> Best regards,
>> Steffi
>>
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Best regards
>>> Göran
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On 2015-03-10 14:25, "Stefanie Gerdes" <gerdes@tzi.de> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Hi all,
>>>>
>>>> Please find attached the new version notification for the actors draft.
>>>>
>>>> The main changes are:
>>>> - To address comments (e.g., in the ACE session in Honolulu) OAuth
>>>> terminology was removed to avoid misunderstandings.
>>>> - The term "owner" was replaced since comments on the list indicated
>>>> that owner might not be a suitable term.
>>>> - A section about autonomous communication was added to point out that
>>>> there is not always an active user in constrained environments, and
>>>> devices need to be able to enforce the user's security policies
>>>> autonomously.
>>>>
>>>> Comments are very welcome.
>>>>
>>>> Thanks,
>>>> Steffi
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> -------- Forwarded Message --------
>>>> Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
>>>> Date: Mon, 09 Mar 2015 16:49:20 -0700
>>>> From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
>>>> To: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>, Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> A new version of I-D, draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
>>>> has been successfully submitted by Stefanie Gerdes and posted to the
>>>> IETF repository.
>>>>
>>>> Name:		draft-gerdes-ace-actors
>>>> Revision:	03
>>>> Title:		Actors in the ACE Architecture
>>>> Document date:	2015-03-09
>>>> Group:		Individual Submission
>>>> Pages:		26
>>>> URL:
>>>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03.txt
>>>> Status:
>>>> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gerdes-ace-actors/
>>>> Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03
>>>> Diff:
>>>> http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-gerdes-ace-actors-03
>>>>
>>>> Abstract:
>>>>      Constrained nodes are small devices which are limited in terms of
>>>>      processing power, memory, non-volatile storage and transmission
>>>>      capacity.  Due to these constraints, commonly used security
>>>> protocols
>>>>      are not easily applicable.  Nevertheless, an authentication and
>>>>      authorization solution is needed to ensure the security of these
>>>>      devices.
>>>>
>>>>      Due to the limitations of the constrained nodes it is especially
>>>>      important to develop a light-weight security solution which is
>>>>      adjusted to the relevant security objectives of each participating
>>>>      party in this environment.  Necessary security measures must be
>>>>      identified and applied where needed.
>>>>
>>>>      In this document, the required security related tasks are
>>>> identified
>>>>      as guidance for the development of authentication and authorization
>>>>      solutions for constrained environments.  Based on the tasks, an
>>>>      architecture is developed to represent the relationships between
>>>> the
>>>>      logical functional entities involved.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of
>>>> submission
>>>> until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.
>>>>
>>>> The IETF Secretariat
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> Ace mailing list
>>>> Ace@ietf.org
>>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Ace mailing list
>>> Ace@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>>>
>>>
>>
>> --
>> Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
>> TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
>> Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
>> 28359 Bremen, Germany
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


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On 03/25/2015 01:19 AM, Olaf Bergmann wrote:
> "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com> writes:
>
>> ACE WG Meeting
>> IETF 92 - Dallas
>> Tuesday 24 March 2015, 13:00 - 15:00 CDT
>> Chairs: Kepeng Li, Hannes Tschofenig
>
> [...]
>
>> - Action: Design team is requested to merge Problem Description draft
>> and Actors draft, and provide a combined draft.
>
> After thinking a while about this I doubt that this is a good idea.
> Both documents have a completely different focus:
> draft-seitz-ace-problem-description lists a few design considerations
> and makes assumptions to lay the ground for a preferred solution, while=

> draft-gerdes-ace-actors analyzes the entire problem space on a
> theoretical level and derives a reference model that takes *all* aspect=
s
> of authorization into account.
 > I recommend aligning the documents with
 > respect to their terminology and otherwise let them stay separate.

It is quite natural to have a bias for one's own proposal, but claiming=20
that the actors draft is more solution neutral than the problem=20
description draft is hardly an objective stance.

For the sake of making progress in ACE I'd suggest we do not go into a=20
discussion about this and instead try to capture the good points from=20
both drafts into one combined document.

> I would love to see progress on the solution side soon instead of more
> exhausting discussions whether or not the existence of real world
> problems shall be denied by the ACE WG.
>
Now that was hardly a very constructive contribution Olaf. If we are to=20
make progress in ACE I suggest you refrain from snarky comments about a=20
discussion we discontinued without coming to an agreement.

/Ludwig


--=20
Ludwig Seitz, PhD
SICS Swedish ICT AB
Ideon Science Park
Building Beta 2
Scheelev=C3=A4gen 17
SE-223 70 Lund

Phone +46(0)70-349 92 51
http://www.sics.se


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From nobody Wed Mar 25 01:17:30 2015
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From: Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
To: Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>
References: <7a940fc9-72a2-4503-a453-f8e2bae9cc51@alibaba-inc.com> <87fv8uvshg.fsf@tzi.org> <55126B1D.1030007@sics.se>
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In-Reply-To: <55126B1D.1030007@sics.se> (Ludwig Seitz's message of "Wed, 25 Mar 2015 09:00:29 +0100")
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Subject: Re: [Ace] ACE Report
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Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se> writes:

> On 03/25/2015 01:19 AM, Olaf Bergmann wrote:
>> "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com> writes:
>>
>>> ACE WG Meeting
>>> IETF 92 - Dallas
>>> Tuesday 24 March 2015, 13:00 - 15:00 CDT
>>> Chairs: Kepeng Li, Hannes Tschofenig
>>
>> [...]
>>
>>> - Action: Design team is requested to merge Problem Description draft
>>> and Actors draft, and provide a combined draft.
>>
>> After thinking a while about this I doubt that this is a good idea.
>> Both documents have a completely different focus:
>> draft-seitz-ace-problem-description lists a few design considerations
>> and makes assumptions to lay the ground for a preferred solution, while
>> draft-gerdes-ace-actors analyzes the entire problem space on a
>> theoretical level and derives a reference model that takes *all* aspects
>> of authorization into account.
>> I recommend aligning the documents with
>> respect to their terminology and otherwise let them stay separate.
>
> It is quite natural to have a bias for one's own proposal, but
> claiming that the actors draft is more solution neutral than the
> problem description draft is hardly an objective stance.

The actors draft is not my proposal. But I have reviewed it and provided
some feedback to the author. I am indeed bias in the sense that I see
that every solution proposal on the table is covered by the actors
draft, including dcaf, while draft-seitz-ace-problem-description
explicitly removes certain tasks from the problem space. Again: It is ok
for me if a solution is designed skip these tasks (in dcaf, e.g. the
client/CS/Rqp side is free not to make use of these features, being
rewarded with less code and memory complexity) , but the abstract model
should document them.

> For the sake of making progress in ACE I'd suggest we do not go into a
> discussion about this and instead try to capture the good points from
> both drafts into one combined document.
>
>> I would love to see progress on the solution side soon instead of more
>> exhausting discussions whether or not the existence of real world
>> problems shall be denied by the ACE WG.
>>
> Now that was hardly a very constructive contribution Olaf. If we are
> to make progress in ACE I suggest you refrain from snarky comments
> about a discussion we discontinued without coming to an agreement.

Please accept my apologies for that.

Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe
Olaf


From nobody Wed Mar 25 03:11:06 2015
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From: Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
To: Eve Maler <eve@xmlgrrl.com>
References: <59F1C792-B108-4DEC-8B5F-94CA8DC19BF8@xmlgrrl.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Mar 2015 11:10:55 +0100
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Eve,

Eve Maler <eve@xmlgrrl.com> writes:

> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00

Thanks for sharing this.

One question: draft-hardjono-oauth-umacore-12 specifies that when a
client attempts to access a protected resource, the resource server must
register a requested permission with its authorization server to get an
RPT that the client must present to the authorization server. From
reading Section 5 of draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma, it is unclear to me
whether or not this step is required in this profile. Can you clarify
how this is supposed to work?

Thanks
Olaf


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To: Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
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I disagree. Cherry picking a few design considerations on its own is not
going to result in a best-for fit solution. Exhaustively analysing the
entire problem space isn't either as it throws out too many options.
However, this bottom up/top down approach used together in an intelligent
manner may do and is likely to converge quicker than the zig-zag path it
has been taking up to now. It is clear that there are already a
considerable number of common areas as was clearly demonstrated in the
presentations yesterday. There seems to be agreement not to get into an
academic debate over the terms and I think there are only 2 or 3 terms (out
of a total of probably less than 10) which differ.

Robert

On 25 March 2015 at 00:19, Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org> wrote:

> "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com> writes:
>
> > ACE WG Meeting
> > IETF 92 - Dallas
> > Tuesday 24 March 2015, 13:00 - 15:00 CDT
> > Chairs: Kepeng Li, Hannes Tschofenig
>
> [...]
>
> > - Action: Design team is requested to merge Problem Description draft
> > and Actors draft, and provide a combined draft.
>
> After thinking a while about this I doubt that this is a good idea.
> Both documents have a completely different focus:
> draft-seitz-ace-problem-description lists a few design considerations
> and makes assumptions to lay the ground for a preferred solution, while
> draft-gerdes-ace-actors analyzes the entire problem space on a
> theoretical level and derives a reference model that takes *all* aspects
> of authorization into account. I recommend aligning the documents with
> respect to their terminology and otherwise let them stay separate.
> I would love to see progress on the solution side soon instead of more
> exhausting discussions whether or not the existence of real world
> problems shall be denied by the ACE WG.
>
> Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe
> Olaf
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">I disagree. Cherry picking a few design considerations on =
its own is not going to result in a best-for fit solution. Exhaustively ana=
lysing the entire problem space isn&#39;t either as it throws out too many =
options. However, this bottom up/top down approach used together in an inte=
lligent manner may do and is likely to converge quicker than the zig-zag pa=
th it has been taking up to now. It is clear that there are already a consi=
derable number of common areas as was clearly demonstrated in the presentat=
ions yesterday. There seems to be agreement not to get into an academic deb=
ate over the terms and I think there are only 2 or 3 terms (out of a total =
of probably less than 10) which differ.<div><br></div><div>Robert<br><div c=
lass=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On 25 March 2015 at 00:=
19, Olaf Bergmann <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:bergmann@tzi.org"=
 target=3D"_blank">bergmann@tzi.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote cl=
ass=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;p=
adding-left:1ex"><span class=3D"">&quot;Kepeng Li&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mail=
to:kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com">kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com</a>&gt; writes:<b=
r>
<br>
&gt; ACE WG Meeting<br>
&gt; IETF 92 - Dallas<br>
&gt; Tuesday 24 March 2015, 13:00 - 15:00 CDT<br>
&gt; Chairs: Kepeng Li, Hannes Tschofenig<br>
<br>
</span>[...]<br>
<span class=3D""><br>
&gt; - Action: Design team is requested to merge Problem Description draft<=
br>
&gt; and Actors draft, and provide a combined draft.<br>
<br>
</span>After thinking a while about this I doubt that this is a good idea.<=
br>
Both documents have a completely different focus:<br>
draft-seitz-ace-problem-description lists a few design considerations<br>
and makes assumptions to lay the ground for a preferred solution, while<br>
draft-gerdes-ace-actors analyzes the entire problem space on a<br>
theoretical level and derives a reference model that takes *all* aspects<br=
>
of authorization into account. I recommend aligning the documents with<br>
respect to their terminology and otherwise let them stay separate.<br>
I would love to see progress on the solution side soon instead of more<br>
exhausting discussions whether or not the existence of real world<br>
problems shall be denied by the ACE WG.<br>
<br>
Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe<br>
Olaf<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Ace mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Ace@ietf.org">Ace@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace" target=3D"_blank">htt=
ps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div></div>

--047d7b4724ac60217605121b6576--


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From: Thomas Hardjono <hardjono@mit.edu>
To: Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
Thread-Topic: [Ace] New doc: draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00
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Subject: Re: [Ace] New doc: draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00
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Hi Olaf,

In order to use UMA in a given IoT scenario, you will need to create a prof=
ile of UMA that defines the "missing parts", such as the contents of the pe=
rmission ticket. This is what the HEART WG is doing in the OIF.=20


/thomas/




> On Mar 25, 2015, at 06:11, Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org> wrote:
>=20
> Eve,
>=20
> Eve Maler <eve@xmlgrrl.com> writes:
>=20
>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00
>=20
> Thanks for sharing this.
>=20
> One question: draft-hardjono-oauth-umacore-12 specifies that when a
> client attempts to access a protected resource, the resource server must
> register a requested permission with its authorization server to get an
> RPT that the client must present to the authorization server. From
> reading Section 5 of draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma, it is unclear to me
> whether or not this step is required in this profile. Can you clarify
> how this is supposed to work?
>=20
> Thanks
> Olaf
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace


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Hi Robert,

I agree that there are already a considerable number of common areas. 
The actors draft already covers the architecture proposed in the problem 
description. Moreover, the problem description uses the actors draft as 
input, so this is not really surprising.

Can you elaborate what you are missing in the actors draft? That would 
be helpful for me.

Best regards,
Steffi


On 03/25/2015 12:42 PM, Robert Cragie wrote:
> I disagree. Cherry picking a few design considerations on its own is not
> going to result in a best-for fit solution. Exhaustively analysing the
> entire problem space isn't either as it throws out too many options.
> However, this bottom up/top down approach used together in an intelligent
> manner may do and is likely to converge quicker than the zig-zag path it
> has been taking up to now. It is clear that there are already a
> considerable number of common areas as was clearly demonstrated in the
> presentations yesterday. There seems to be agreement not to get into an
> academic debate over the terms and I think there are only 2 or 3 terms (out
> of a total of probably less than 10) which differ.
>
> Robert
>
> On 25 March 2015 at 00:19, Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org> wrote:
>
>> "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com> writes:
>>
>>> ACE WG Meeting
>>> IETF 92 - Dallas
>>> Tuesday 24 March 2015, 13:00 - 15:00 CDT
>>> Chairs: Kepeng Li, Hannes Tschofenig
>>
>> [...]
>>
>>> - Action: Design team is requested to merge Problem Description draft
>>> and Actors draft, and provide a combined draft.
>>
>> After thinking a while about this I doubt that this is a good idea.
>> Both documents have a completely different focus:
>> draft-seitz-ace-problem-description lists a few design considerations
>> and makes assumptions to lay the ground for a preferred solution, while
>> draft-gerdes-ace-actors analyzes the entire problem space on a
>> theoretical level and derives a reference model that takes *all* aspects
>> of authorization into account. I recommend aligning the documents with
>> respect to their terminology and otherwise let them stay separate.
>> I would love to see progress on the solution side soon instead of more
>> exhausting discussions whether or not the existence of real world
>> problems shall be denied by the ACE WG.
>>
>> Grüße
>> Olaf
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ace mailing list
>> Ace@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


From nobody Wed Mar 25 14:34:24 2015
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Date: Wed, 25 Mar 2015 16:34:15 -0500
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Subject: [Ace] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04.txt
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I have submitted a first version of a merged actors/problem
description draft, as discussed yesterday in the WG meeing.  Since
there are still some requirements in the latter, as well as material
that already was written up previously in the actors draft, there is
some more trimming required.  But I think the raw merged version is a
good basis to see how the merged document might look like.

Comments, preferably about the content, but also about things to
strike, are welcome -- to the list or to me.

Gruesse, Carsten


-------- Original Message --------
Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04.txt
Date: Wed, 25 Mar 2015 14:31:03 -0700
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
To: Goeran Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>,        Dr. Carsten
Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>, Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>,        Goran
Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>,        Stefanie Gerdes
<gerdes@tzi.org>, Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>,        Carsten
Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>, Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>


A new version of I-D, draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04.txt
has been successfully submitted by Stefanie Gerdes and posted to the
IETF repository.

Name:		draft-gerdes-ace-actors
Revision:	04
Title:		Actors in the ACE Architecture
Document date:	2015-03-25
Group:		Individual Submission
Pages:		30
URL:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04.txt
Status:         https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gerdes-ace-actors/
Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04
Diff:           http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04

Abstract:
   Constrained nodes are small devices which are limited in terms of
   processing power, memory, non-volatile storage and transmission
   capacity.  Due to these constraints, commonly used security protocols
   are not easily applicable.  Nevertheless, an authentication and
   authorization solution is needed to ensure the security of these
   devices.

   Due to the limitations of the constrained nodes it is especially
   important to develop a light-weight security solution which is
   adjusted to the relevant security objectives of each participating
   party in this environment.  Necessary security measures must be
   identified and applied where needed.

   This document gives an overview of the necessary terminology and
   introduces the actors in an architecture as guidance for the
   development of authentication and authorization solutions for
   constrained environments.  The actors represent the relationships
   between the logical functional entities involved.

   We also present a problem description for authentication and
   authorization in constrained-node networks, i.e. networks where some
   devices have severe constraints on memory, processing, power and
   communication bandwidth.





Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

The IETF Secretariat



From nobody Thu Mar 26 04:11:27 2015
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From: Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
To: Thomas Hardjono <hardjono@mit.edu>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] New doc: draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00
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Hi Thomas,

Thomas Hardjono <hardjono@mit.edu> writes:

> In order to use UMA in a given IoT scenario, you will need to create a
> profile of UMA that defines the "missing parts", such as the contents
> of the permission ticket. This is what the HEART WG is doing in the
> OIF.

Thank you for the clarification, maybe it would be good to include this
as a note or so in draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma.

Can you provide a pointer to the HEART WG's docs?

Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe
Olaf


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From nobody Thu Mar 26 04:46:19 2015
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Date: Thu, 26 Mar 2015 12:46:11 +0100
From: Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.de>
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Subject: Re: [Ace] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04.txt
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Hi Göran,

The problem statement in the referred slideset states:
"Overall goal of ACE is to control and protect interaction between 
potenially constrained endpoints."

This is already covered in problem statement of the actors draft. The 
various possibilities how actors can be assigned to endpoints are also 
covered.

I am looking forward to the details you are going to send.

Best regards,
Steffi


On 03/26/2015 12:27 PM, Göran Selander wrote:
> Hi Carsten,
>
> Contentwise, what is missing is the hybrid problem statement in terms of
> the endpoints as was agreed during the meeting:
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/92/slides/slides-92-ace-5.pdf. Since this
> includes a combination of the architecture of one draft and the problem
> statement formulation of the other, there is not yet any text/figures
> covering that, but I can make a first draft.
>
> In terms of structure, I think a merging of two documents with overlapping
> content by means of concatenation is not ideal, but we can work on that.
>
> I send more details directly to the editing team.
>
>
> Best regards,
> Göran
>
>
>
> On 2015-03-25 16:34, "Carsten Bormann" <cabo@tzi.org> wrote:
>
>> I have submitted a first version of a merged actors/problem
>> description draft, as discussed yesterday in the WG meeing.  Since
>> there are still some requirements in the latter, as well as material
>> that already was written up previously in the actors draft, there is
>> some more trimming required.  But I think the raw merged version is a
>> good basis to see how the merged document might look like.
>>
>> Comments, preferably about the content, but also about things to
>> strike, are welcome -- to the list or to me.
>>
>> Gruesse, Carsten
>>
>>
>> -------- Original Message --------
>> Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04.txt
>> Date: Wed, 25 Mar 2015 14:31:03 -0700
>> From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
>> To: Goeran Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>,        Dr. Carsten
>> Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>, Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>,        Goran
>> Selander <goran.selander@ericsson.com>,        Stefanie Gerdes
>> <gerdes@tzi.org>, Stefanie Gerdes <gerdes@tzi.org>,        Carsten
>> Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>, Ludwig Seitz <ludwig@sics.se>
>>
>>
>> A new version of I-D, draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04.txt
>> has been successfully submitted by Stefanie Gerdes and posted to the
>> IETF repository.
>>
>> Name:		draft-gerdes-ace-actors
>> Revision:	04
>> Title:		Actors in the ACE Architecture
>> Document date:	2015-03-25
>> Group:		Individual Submission
>> Pages:		30
>> URL:
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04.txt
>> Status:         https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gerdes-ace-actors/
>> Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04
>> Diff:
>> http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-gerdes-ace-actors-04
>>
>> Abstract:
>>    Constrained nodes are small devices which are limited in terms of
>>    processing power, memory, non-volatile storage and transmission
>>    capacity.  Due to these constraints, commonly used security protocols
>>    are not easily applicable.  Nevertheless, an authentication and
>>    authorization solution is needed to ensure the security of these
>>    devices.
>>
>>    Due to the limitations of the constrained nodes it is especially
>>    important to develop a light-weight security solution which is
>>    adjusted to the relevant security objectives of each participating
>>    party in this environment.  Necessary security measures must be
>>    identified and applied where needed.
>>
>>    This document gives an overview of the necessary terminology and
>>    introduces the actors in an architecture as guidance for the
>>    development of authentication and authorization solutions for
>>    constrained environments.  The actors represent the relationships
>>    between the logical functional entities involved.
>>
>>    We also present a problem description for authentication and
>>    authorization in constrained-node networks, i.e. networks where some
>>    devices have severe constraints on memory, processing, power and
>>    communication bandwidth.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of
>> submission
>> until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.
>>
>> The IETF Secretariat
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ace mailing list
>> Ace@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ace mailing list
> Ace@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ace
>
>

-- 
Stefanie Gerdes			Tel: +49 421 218 63906
TZI Universität Bremen		E-Mail: gerdes@tzi.de
Bibliothekstr. 1, MZH 5150
28359 Bremen, Germany


From nobody Thu Mar 26 07:18:34 2015
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From: Thomas Hardjono <hardjono@mit.edu>
To: Olaf Bergmann <bergmann@tzi.org>
Thread-Topic: [Ace] New doc: draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00
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Subject: Re: [Ace] New doc: draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00
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Hi Olaf,

The need to create profiles is kind of expected (i.e. no need to call it ou=
t).
This was true also of the SAML2.0 specs where there is a core-spec and then
a bunch of profiles (the most oft-used being the Web Browser SSO profile),
bindings, etc. This allows the core spec to remain stable, and for new prof=
iles
(use-case specific) to be developed later.

As Eve correctly noted (in previous UMA WG meetings), the UMA permission ti=
cket
is an opaque structure, so it may not need to be profiled. However, IMO if =
there
are use-case deployments where multiple ASs are used and Federation is thus=
 needed,
then the permission ticket may need to be profiled (at least for that use-c=
ase).

The HEART WG is specifically addressing the Healthcare vertical (not IoT pe=
r se).
They've just started, so it is early days yet. Their site is here:

http://openid.net/wg/heart/


/thomas/


________________________________________
From: Olaf Bergmann [bergmann@tzi.org]
Sent: Thursday, March 26, 2015 7:11 AM
To: Thomas Hardjono
Cc: Eve Maler; ace@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Ace] New doc: draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma-00

Hi Thomas,

Thomas Hardjono <hardjono@mit.edu> writes:

> In order to use UMA in a given IoT scenario, you will need to create a
> profile of UMA that defines the "missing parts", such as the contents
> of the permission ticket. This is what the HEART WG is doing in the
> OIF.

Thank you for the clarification, maybe it would be good to include this
as a note or so in draft-maler-ace-oauth-uma.

Can you provide a pointer to the HEART WG's docs?

Gr=FC=DFe
Olaf=


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Date: Fri, 27 Mar 2015 00:32:58 +0800
From: "Kepeng Li" <kepeng.lkp@alibaba-inc.com>
To: "core" <core@ietf.org>, "Ace" <ace@ietf.org>
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Cc: Karen O'Donoghue <odonoghue@isoc.org>
Subject: [Ace] =?utf-8?q?COSE_mailing_list_has_been_created?=
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Hello all,FYI that a new mailing list has been created:https://www.ietf.org/ma=
ilman/listinfo/cose=0AThis mailing list will be used to discuss COSE (CBOR Obj=
ect Signing and Encryption) related topics and working group charter proposals=
.Please refer to RFC7049 for more information about CBOR (Concise Binary Objec=
t Representation):http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049Please subscribe to the ma=
iling list if you have interests.Thanks,Kind RegardsKepeng 
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<div class=3D"__aliyun_email_body_block"><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size=
:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">Hello all,</div><div style=3D"=
color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;"><br dat=
a-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div style=3D"color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family=
:Tahoma,Arial,STHeiti,SimSun;">FYI that a new mailing list has been created:</=
div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"><a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mai=
lman/listinfo/cose">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/cose</a><br></div><d=
iv class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div class=
=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap">This mailing list will be used to discuss COSE (C=
BOR Object Signing and Encryption) related topics and working group charter pr=
oposals.</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1">=
</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap">Please refer to RFC7049 for more =
information about CBOR (Concise Binary Object Representation):</div><div class=
=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap"><a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049">ht=
tp://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049</a></div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wra=
p"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap">Pleas=
e subscribe to the mailing list if you have interests.</div><div class=3D"__al=
iyun_signature_wrap"><br data-mce-bogus=3D"1"></div><div class=3D"__aliyun_sig=
nature_wrap">Thanks,</div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap">Kind Regards<=
/div><div class=3D"__aliyun_signature_wrap">Kepeng</div><div class=3D"__aliyun=
_signature_wrap"> </div></div>
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From nobody Thu Mar 26 11:21:40 2015
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Date: Thu, 26 Mar 2015 13:21:22 -0500
From: Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>
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Cc: Karen O'Donoghue <odonoghue@isoc.org>, core <core@ietf.org>, Ace <ace@ietf.org>
Subject: [Ace] CBOR mailing list (Re: [core] COSE mailing list has been created)
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At this point I probably should point out that, aside from the COSE
mailing list that focuses on porting the JOSE security object spec over
to CBOR, there is now also a general CBOR discussion mailing list:

cbor@ietf.org

https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/cbor

Discussion of issues, usage, implementation, etc, about Concise Binary
Object Representation (CBOR), RFC 7049.

The discussion over there will probably start about a few tags that
people want to have defined, but any other topics about CBOR except COSE
itself fits there well.

Grüße, Carsten

Kepeng Li wrote:
> Hello all,
> 
> FYI that a new mailing list has been created:
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/cose
> 
> This mailing list will be used to discuss COSE (CBOR Object Signing and
> Encryption) related topics and working group charter proposals.
> 
> Please refer to RFC7049 for more information about CBOR (Concise Binary
> Object Representation):
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049
> 
> Please subscribe to the mailing list if you have interests.
[...]


From nobody Tue Mar 31 05:42:51 2015
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Subject: [Ace] WGLC for draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03
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Hi,

at the IETF meeting in Dallas last week we received feedback that the
use case document is ready for a working group last call.

Hence, we would like to start a WGLC on draft-ietf-ace-usecases-03.
This will be a 2-week last call, so it will end on Tuesday, April 14.

Please send comments to the list.

Thanks!

Ciao
Hannes & Kepeng


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