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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org,
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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard
  errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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Date: Sun, 01 Jun 2003 01:27:12 -0400

At 09:24 PM 5/31/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> > ...
> > >a) I am a sender with a CRI system and send a message to a recipient 
> with a
> > >CRI system.  My CRI system remembers I sent a message to a particular
> > >recipient.
> > >b) The recipient receives my message and holds it.  The recipient 
> sends me a
> > >challange message with CRI headers.
> >
> > If we were using some form of SMTP-model, then the recipient would not
> > actually accept the message. Instead his system would issue some form of
> > SMTP error code back, something like "450 Need to verify sender". This 
> will
> > force the sender's system to hold on to the message until the C/R process
> > runs its gamut.
> > ...
>
>SMTP clients that merely follow RFC 2821 without knowledge of your
>CRI system will retry the message on their normal schedule.
>See section 4.5.4.1 of RFC 2821.
>
>You are surely not assuming that all SMTP clients in the Internet will
>be replaced before you turn on your CRI system.  So you must be assuming
>that SMTP servers can recognize retransmissions of the same message
>or same sender and not challenge a second time.  Have you considered
>the practical difficulties of that?

I was thinking of defining such SMTP protocol not for general use, but 
rather as an alternative for cases where both the sender and receiver have 
C/R systems and want to shift the storage of messages to the sender. This 
would be accomplished by defining an ESMTP extension that is following 
these guidelines, NOT via general SMTP traffic. All existing clients and 
SMTP servers, would use the general CRI protocol as defined by Eric. Any 
C/R systems that are capable of performing C/R via ESMTP, would agree to 
use it with an option to fallback to the general CRI protocol. As for the 
re-transmissions, the unique C/R token can only be used once and would stop 
the message from being re-transmitted more than once.

>By the way, how do you handle MX secondaries?  What if the SMTP client
>happens to choose different MX servers for its attempts to send the
>message?  How do you avoid sending a challenge from each MX server,
>in practice and not merely theory?

Any C/R system at least on the receiver's end would have to keep state in 
order for C/R to work. However, my understanding that in a general C/R 
system the MX servers are not required to keep that state information but 
rather that can be offloaded to the the back-end system, with the MX 
servers just accepting the transmissions. In practice I do not know what 
existing C/R systems do for state information - whether its kept on MX 
level or back end (perhaps some of the C/R people on the list can provide 
information on that).

In this system that I proposed, such state information would have to be 
shared among all the MX servers and the obvious problem with that would be 
that such sharing requirement would be hard to implement in large systems. 
I am not advocating this specific approach, just using it as an example of 
how the entire C/R handshaking process can be done via some direct protocol 
instead of having the receiver's system accept and parse the message before 
sending a challenge. Some form of a direct C/R-to-C/R protocol would help 
interopable C/R systems save on storage costs and perhaps it should be 
something we add to the draft CRI specification.

Yakov  

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To: Vern Paxson <vern@icir.org>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] (Position): Successful anti-spam techniques must
  avoid	 software patents
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Date: Sun, 01 Jun 2003 02:51:43 -0400

I posted a draft list for IPR claims online. Its available at 
http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html. The only claim I 
listed there is the MailBlocks patents, I will be filling in more 
information once I go through the mailing list archive. I will be 
monitoring the mailing list and add any IP claims mentioned on the list.

Yakov

At 11:48 PM 5/29/2003 -0700, Vern Paxson wrote:

>Peter Kay writes:
>
> > Is this discussion of IPR policy within the scope of this list's
> > discussion?
> >
> > I look at :
> >
> > http://www.irtf.org/asrg/
> >
> > And read the posting guidelines which say all conversation must be
> > related to the work items at
> >
> > http://www.irtf.org/asrg/asrg-work-items.txt
> >
> > and there's nothing there about IPR. Perhaps IPR is a bigger issue to be
> > taken at higher levels.
>
>Given that the IRTF does not have a formulated IPR policy, and that IPR
>issues are potentially of significant concern to this RG due to the
>participation of a number of folks from the commercial world, I don't have
>a problem with productive discussion of IPR issues on the mailng list in
>this context.
>
> > As one who has patent-pending on an anti-spam technology, I've got a lot
> > to say but won't if its inappropriate for this list.
>
>If you are not willing to disclose where this potential IPR resides, then
>Yes, I think it would be inappropriate to participate in discussions that
>relate to it.  If you're willing to disclose its existence, then I think
>participating is okay.
>
>                 Vern
>_______________________________________________
>Asrg mailing list
>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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To: "Yakov Shafranovich" <research@solidmatrix.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard    errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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>>
> If we were using some form of SMTP-model, then the recipient would not
> actually accept the message. Instead his system would issue some form of
> SMTP error code back, something like "450 Need to verify sender".
> This will
> force the sender's system to hold on to the message until the C/R process
> runs its gamut.

Yes, this would be about as efficient as RMX.  I'm guessing that the CRI
systems would have to first negotiate their capabilities.  In other words,
if I send a 450, I don't know if the remote system is churning through it's
database to look for a message sent to me or not.  If someone says they are
CRI capable, then I should not accept a message if they do not supply a
Response String.  If they aren't CRI capable, then I should accept the
message and do whatever I do with mail.

Another area of concern is that an SMTP method does not allow for client
software to perform the CRI process.


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To: "Scott Nelson" <scott@spamwolf.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: ADV: (was Re: [Asrg] Article - New anti-spam proposal in  the House of Representative)
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We've had some customers ask for a variety of lists:

Whitelist: Those senders or domains I want to immediately receive email from
Blacklist: Sender or domains I do not want email from
Greylist: Sender or domains I want challenged (often the default)
Charcoal-list: Sender or domains or content that may very well be
spam..often a scoring system with some RFC checking, RBLs, or heuristic
filter can be applied here.

Now, who the hell would want to check so many silly lists...well..we have
some customers that receive 200 spams per hour...and hopelessly need such a
method.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Scott
> Nelson
> Sent: Saturday, May 31, 2003 1:28 PM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: ADV: (was Re: [Asrg] Article - New anti-spam proposal in
> the House of Representative)
>
>
> >Is a 'whitelist' the converse of a 'blacklist'?
> >
>
> No.  At least, not the common usage of the two terms.
> The difference lies in things that are not listed.
> Blacklist implies that unlisted things are trusted.
> Whitelist implies that unlisted things are not trusted.
>
> IMO most of the current white/black lists should be tri-state.
> For example; tested open relay, tested not open relay, untested.
> (Well defined metric scores with the additional "unscored" value
>  would be even better when possible.)
>
>
> Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>

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From: "John Fenley" <pontifier@hotmail.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R utility?)
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This is in response to the entire thread, not any particular message.
One major problem I see with Titan Key is that it relies on SMTP. If at some 
point SMTP is superceded by another protocol this type of system will no 
longer be useful (Perhaps the idea would be useful, but not the actual 
implementation.
This implies the broader question: Should the ASRG support methods that rely 
on the SMTP protocol to work? Many have pointed to the SMTP protocol as a 
source of problems, and I personally believe the chances of SMTP being the 
standard email transfer method in 20-50 years are slim.
I see any solution that cannot stand on it's own, independent of protocol, 
as a temporary bandaid on the larger problem (unless that protocol is 
perfect and will never ever be changed for all of time). Any support for an 
old protocol simply extends it's life, and SMTP is showing it's age.

Also, changing how SMTP is handled to do extra checks can make MTAs more 
vulnerable to resource consuming Denial of Service attacks because every 
mail message received requires more resources in the receiver than the 
sender.

I see the solution to this as a decision about whether or not ASRG should 
invest it's time and effort in a protocol that is old, and subject to abuse. 
If the answer is no, then i believe much of the constant bickering over 
specific details in SMTP can be avoided. Solutions discussed here might be 
more forward looking, and less reliant on squeezing as much as possible from 
what we have.

I have often theorized that people can be divided into a spectrum by how 
much effort is put into making money, and how much is put into saving money… 
People at the extreme ends of the spectrum use almost all of their energy on 
one or the other. There are people who almost live on coupons, and free 
deals, and there are people who are so focused on making the money that even 
taking the time to go shopping would be a waste.
It is the people in the middle who seem to struggle the most with the 
balance. They are not as efficient at either one, so their less effective 
saving of less money combine to cause money problems.

I believe the way to go is the production of resources, rather than the 
saving of resources. In this group I believe we should not scrape the bowl 
to find every last crumb of good in what we have now... Enough people are 
doing that. I believe that we, as a Research group, should be the most 
forward looking group that we can be.

John Fenley

_________________________________________________________________
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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'asrg@ietf.org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Subject: [Asrg] Whitelist conforming definition
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Group;

After perusing the current submissions to the information call I made "please 
define 'whitelist' as it is being used..."  The following is the conforming 
definition to date.  Please note this is a definition that has been abstracted 
from all of the submissions, it is not meant to represent the precise 
definition but a consensus gathered from all of the submissions, to wit:

Whitelist -

 Used in the context of e-mail processing for storage or forwarding
 to a recipient, a whitelist is a list of attributes which is used
 to match against incoming email.  Mail that matches a specified
 attribute or attributes is passed to the recipient without further
 processing.

Whitelisting -

 The addition of specified attributes to a 'whitelist' used to identify
 messages from senders that are 'whitelisted.' The attributes may be
 developed from a number of different sources of information, including
 but not limited to information in message headers [1,2], protocol
 information [3,4] or user input.  The term 'blacklisting' is sometimes
 used as a converse of the term 'whitelisting', but this use is not well
 defined.

-e
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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'John Fenley'" <pontifier@hotmail.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Short-term versus Long-term focus: A bit of economics ( was: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R utility?))
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John Fenley wrote re: SMTP and SMTP related research:
> a decision about whether or not ASRG should invest it's time 
> and effort in a protocol that is old, and subject to abuse.

	Whatever our individual feelings about the long-term utility of
SMTP may be, the reality is that the output of this group is going to be
judged based on its ability to point to solutions that can reduce the
level of spam in the short to medium term. People feel the pain today
and want it to go away soon. To tell people that we have a solution that
will work in some far distant future, after everyone has converted to
some new and "better" protocol, may be intellectually satisfying,
however, it will be perceived as having limited utility.
	I believe that the research needs, at this stage, to focus on
how one can best respond to spam given the current environment
(including SMTP) and small deltas to that environment. This research may
be informed and assisted by observations concerning how spam might be
prevented in some "ideal" environment that might include new protocols,
however, the focus should be on solving the present problem. Once the
present problem is solved, or alleviated as well as possible, it would
then, and only then, be appropriate to focus the majority of effort on
addressing the issue of constructing a future "ideal" set of protocols.
	The issue here, as almost always, is a trade-off between
tactical short-term and long-term benefits. It is very much like
computing the present-value of some quantity of money. For instance,
what has more value? $100 in your bank account today? Or, $1,000 in your
bank account in 20 years? The answer, of course, depends on what you
think the interest rate or cost-of-capital is. Similarly, when thinking
about spam, you can ask which is more valuable: A system that rapidly
limits spam to 50% of its current level or one that eliminates it
completely in five years? In the context of spam, the cost-of-capital or
interest rate is the "pain and cost" of the growing levels of spam. If
you think that this pain is low, then you would be more likely to focus
on the long-term goal, if you think it is high, then you should focus on
the short term problem (i.e. at least try to reduce the "interest
rate"). 
	I believe there is much evidence that the average email user
believes that the "cost of spam" is high enough that the value of
immediate solutions outweighs the value of even a "perfect" system in
the future.
	Yes, it would be wonderful to solve the problem permanently.
However, it would be more "useful" or "valuable" to limit it in the
short term. 

		bob wyman

-----Original Message-----
From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of John
Fenley
Sent: Sunday, June 01, 2003 12:53 PM
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R
utility?)


This is in response to the entire thread, not any particular message.
One major problem I see with Titan Key is that it relies on SMTP. If at
some 
point SMTP is superceded by another protocol this type of system will no

longer be useful (Perhaps the idea would be useful, but not the actual 
implementation.
This implies the broader question: Should the ASRG support methods that
rely 
on the SMTP protocol to work? Many have pointed to the SMTP protocol as
a 
source of problems, and I personally believe the chances of SMTP being
the 
standard email transfer method in 20-50 years are slim.
I see any solution that cannot stand on it's own, independent of
protocol, 
as a temporary bandaid on the larger problem (unless that protocol is 
perfect and will never ever be changed for all of time). Any support for
an 
old protocol simply extends it's life, and SMTP is showing it's age.

Also, changing how SMTP is handled to do extra checks can make MTAs more

vulnerable to resource consuming Denial of Service attacks because every

mail message received requires more resources in the receiver than the 
sender.

I see the solution to this as a decision about whether or not ASRG
should 
invest it's time and effort in a protocol that is old, and subject to
abuse. 
If the answer is no, then i believe much of the constant bickering over 
specific details in SMTP can be avoided. Solutions discussed here might
be 
more forward looking, and less reliant on squeezing as much as possible
from 
what we have.

I have often theorized that people can be divided into a spectrum by how

much effort is put into making money, and how much is put into saving
money. 
People at the extreme ends of the spectrum use almost all of their
energy on 
one or the other. There are people who almost live on coupons, and free 
deals, and there are people who are so focused on making the money that
even 
taking the time to go shopping would be a waste.
It is the people in the middle who seem to struggle the most with the 
balance. They are not as efficient at either one, so their less
effective 
saving of less money combine to cause money problems.

I believe the way to go is the production of resources, rather than the 
saving of resources. In this group I believe we should not scrape the
bowl 
to find every last crumb of good in what we have now... Enough people
are 
doing that. I believe that we, as a Research group, should be the most 
forward looking group that we can be.

John Fenley

_________________________________________________________________
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http://join.msn.com/?page=features/virus

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <bob@wyman.us>, "'John Fenley'" <pontifier@hotmail.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Short-term versus Long-term focus: A bit of economics ( was: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R utility?))
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	In my previous note, which suggested an objective economic
analysis as the basis for deciding between a short or long term focus, I
should have noted that it appears that the "cost of spam" is increasing
at a compound rate. Some suggest that this rate is equal to as much as
50% per year.
	Given compound growth in the "cost of spam", the present-value
of any future solution is drastically reduced as the time to implement
and deploy that solution increases. Similarly, the future-value of any
short-term reduction in the cost-of-spam is drastically increased as the
time to implement the short-term reduction is reduced relative to the
time-to-implement the long-term ideal solution.
	I suggest that an economic analysis of spam argues clearly and
unambiguously for the greater value of even the smallest short-term
reductions in spam rather than more perfect solutions that may be
possible in the long-term.

		bob wyman

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From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R
  utility?)
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Date: Sun, 01 Jun 2003 12:33:31 -0700

At 10:52 AM 6/1/03 -0600, John Fenley wrote:
...
>This implies the broader question: Should the ASRG support methods that rely 
>on the SMTP protocol to work? Many have pointed to the SMTP protocol as a 
>source of problems, and I personally believe the chances of SMTP being the 
>standard email transfer method in 20-50 years are slim.
>I see any solution that cannot stand on it's own, independent of protocol, 
>as a temporary bandaid on the larger problem (unless that protocol is 
>perfect and will never ever be changed for all of time). Any support for an 
>old protocol simply extends it's life, and SMTP is showing it's age.
>

I'm a little unclear on what you are asking.


Should the ASRG support methods that work?
Yes, it should.

Should the ASRG support methods that work, and don't require SMTP?
Yes, it should.

Should the ASRG support methods that work, but require SMTP?
Yes, it should do that too.

Should the ASRG require that methods support SMTP?
Unclear.


I think all these questions are moot however, until we have
more than one solution.  So far I haven't seen even one method
that I consider a solution, much less two.

I think the answer to "Should the ASRG abandon SMTP in 
favor of a protocol that eliminates spam?" is going to be 
"First produce the protocol and some solid evidence that 
eliminates spam, and then we'll talk about it."


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R
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Date: Sun, 1 Jun 2003 15:41:57 -0400

At 10:52 AM -0600 6/1/03, John Fenley wrote:
>This implies the broader question: Should the ASRG support methods 
>that rely on the SMTP protocol to work? Many have pointed to the 
>SMTP protocol as a source of problems, and I personally believe the 
>chances of SMTP being the standard email transfer method in 20-50 
>years are slim.

Reliance on SMTP is fine.  Any new protocols will presumably attempt 
to deal with the problem from the ground up, rather than by patching. 
The chances that they'll have any need or desire for whatever systems 
we propose are slim.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.
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From: Hadmut Danisch <hadmut@danisch.de>
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Subject: [Asrg] RMX: New draft and implementation
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Date: Sun, 1 Jun 2003 23:57:29 +0200

Hi,

I will submit a new version of the RMX draft within the next 
few days. The draft is already available at

   http://www.danisch.de/work/security/antispam.html


A first implementation (bind9, client library, sendmail milter)
is available at

   http://www.danisch.de/software/rmx/


Please read the notices.

regards
Hadmut
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Date: Sun, 1 Jun 2003 18:21:07 -0400
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On Friday, May 30, 2003, at 18:11 US/Eastern, Barry Shein wrote:
> I'll answer such inquiries, a quick check on google would probably
> confirm I've answered many thousand such queries, but I think if I
> were then confronted with a C/R requiring me to go web site etc I'd
> say "good luck buddy!"
>
> Most of my point really was the web addr which can often mean firing
> up a browser etc. If it were just a matter of responding in e-mail I'd
> be more inclined to respond.

Let me understand how this TitanKey system is supposed to work...

1. I send mail to Joe Smith.
2. I get a bounce message saying that there's no Joe Smith account, and 
that
    my e-mail wasn't delivered. I delete it immediately, of course.
3. I get an e-mail claiming to be from Joe Smith, saying that I need to 
go
    read a web page to get permission to send him e-mail. The web URL
    presumably has some information encoded in it.
4. I remember that Joe Smith was actually someone I tried to e-mail, and
    I don't bin the challenge immediately.
5. I go visit the web page.

It seems to me that the assumptions in steps 3 & 5 are a major problem, 
because users are well aware that (a) clicking on encoded URLs is one 
of the tricks spammers use to verify your e-mail address, resulting in 
your getting more spam; and (b) that spammers and worms often use the 
e-mail addresses of your friends in the From: field to try and persuade 
you to read and respond to their spam.

As far as step 4 goes, I'll be generous and assume I'm the only person 
who doesn't remember the e-mail addresses of everyone he sends mail to.

There's also the question of whether TitanKey saves a copy of all the 
e-mail it sends 550 responses to. If it does, then you're basically 
using up as much disk space and bandwidth as just delivering the spam. 
If it doesn't, then you're expecting the sender to go find a copy of 
the e-mail he tried to send--assuming he kept a copy--and send it 
again. I find it very hard to believe anyone would really jump through 
a hoop *that* high.

Now, I may be wrong, so what if users *are* prepared to go visit a web 
site in response to a challenge from a C/R system? In that case, I give 
it about a week before we start seeing spam that's a verbatim copy of 
the TitanKey C/R text, followed by a URL which redirects to a porn 
site. Users learn to associate C/R system challenges with porn spam, or 
(even worse) their Bayesian spam filter recognizes the cloaked URL and 
learns to filter out challenges automatically.

In fact, a similar problem applies to any other C/R system--inevitably 
we'll see spammers sending fake C/R challenges as a means of obtaining 
confirmed e-mail addresses.


mathew

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To: mathew <meta@pobox.com>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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mathew <meta@pobox.com> wrote:

 > Let me understand how this TitanKey system is supposed to work...
 [snip]
 > 4. I remember that Joe Smith was actually someone I tried to e-mail,
 > and I don't bin the challenge immediately.

This last bit might be helped by quoting the (normally visible) headers.  
(yoohoo, mr. titankey, i hope you're listening....)

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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> From: mathew <meta@pobox.com>

> ...
> As far as step 4 goes, I'll be generous and assume I'm the only person 
> who doesn't remember the e-mail addresses of everyone he sends mail to.

I also forget, even when the message was sent to a single person.
Then there are the cases when I'm doing a "reply-all" to a message
from a stranger who sent copies to half a dozen colleagues.

This problem applies to all of the C/R systems I've seen described, except
those that assume that software on 100,000,000 desktops is upgraded first.

> ...
> Now, I may be wrong, so what if users *are* prepared to go visit a web 
> site in response to a challenge from a C/R system? In that case, I give 
> it about a week before we start seeing spam that's a verbatim copy of 
> the TitanKey C/R text, followed by a URL which redirects to a porn 
> site. Users learn to associate C/R system challenges with porn spam, or 

This also applies to all C/R systems that don't assume both sender
and receiver are running new, as yet unspecifed (not to mention not
designed or written) software.

> (even worse) their Bayesian spam filter recognizes the cloaked URL and 
> learns to filter out challenges automatically.

Why is that worse?  Many people will think expect their Bayesian or
other filters such as SpamAssassin to recognize the "please click
or respond" boilerplate of a challenge as likely junk.

C/R advocates will tell me I'm being nasty and negative, but others
should consider the numbers.  Assume a C/R system becomes popular.
Spammers will then imitate C/R "click or respond" boilerplate just as
they now blather about imaginary laws.  Some spammers will honestly
think that sending an "click or respond" challenge is a legitimate
"confirmed opt-out subscription" mechanism and have software that does
something with responses.  As soon as you have reponded to the challenges
of your regulare correspondents (or whitelisted them), most of the
challenge boilerplate you'll receive will be spam.  If you don't have
any ego or money invested in the C/R system, what will you do?  Why
won't you will tune your filters to reject mail that looks like
challenges even if that wrecks the C/R system for you?

Some C/R advovates will tell me I'm stupid besides negative and that
challenges will be easily distinguished from the fakes by some means.
I'll respond that if that were possible, we could apply the same means to
ordinary mail and skip the whole challenge/response hassle.


> In fact, a similar problem applies to any other C/R system--inevitably 
> we'll see spammers sending fake C/R challenges as a means of obtaining 
> confirmed e-mail addresses.

Let's not over generalize.  Just as not all spammers (do not) honor
550-unknown-user SMTP status and the question whether most do or not
is meaningless, some spammers won't be using C/R fakery to clean their
lists but will simply be capturing "eyeballs."


The fundamental problem with C/R systems is the same as with most
propose spam solutions.  It is their advocates they assume that mail
recipients, spammers, and legimate senders are just like the people
advocating the proposal.  There is an oddly consistent refusal of
advocates to play devil's advocate against their own proposals.  People
assume that everyone, spammers as well as the general public, will go
against individual self-interest to make the proposal work.  No one
seems to have ever heard of Murphy or know that Murphy was an optimist,
because the other guys are actively looking for ways to bend the system.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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On June 1, 2003 at 10:52 pontifier@hotmail.com (John Fenley) wrote:
 > This is in response to the entire thread, not any particular message.
 > One major problem I see with Titan Key is that it relies on SMTP. If at some 
 > point SMTP is superceded by another protocol this type of system will no 
 > longer be useful (Perhaps the idea would be useful, but not the actual 
 > implementation.

This is the contrapositive of the "it would take too long for a
significant number of end-users/servers to adopt XYZ".

I think it's safe to say that SMTP will be in use for a long, long
time, particularly since there's absolutely nothing at this time even
on the horizon to replace it.

And my educated guess is that any evolution of SMTP will be
incremental and backwards compatible. Since SMTP is basically just
<VERB> <NOUN>* it's hard to see what brilliant insight would obsolete
it. The VERB part has already been co-opted to say from here on we're
doing a major extension of the protocol if it's ok with you (i.e.,
EHLO).

Put another way, to paraphrase the old joke about Fortran, I don't
know what people will be using to deliver email 20 years from now, but
they'll probably call it SMTP (and it'll probably be mostly backwards
compatible.)

But...I COULD BE WRONG.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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Subject: Re: Short-term versus Long-term focus: A bit of economics ( was: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R utility?))
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On the other hand, spam has been around for almost 10 years, and has
certainly been a major concern at public sites since at least 1997,
almost seven years ago.

So, although a quick solution of some magnitude is almost mandatory
just to stop something major kicking over the entire chessboard (death
of the net and all that), let's not completely rule out so-called
long-term, slow adoption approaches with 5-10 year horizons or even
longer.

For example, if someone came up with a really clever anti-spam
strategy which 25% of the net adopted in 2 years and 50% in 5 years
and perhaps 98% in 10 years that should be seriously considered w/o
the usual "it'd take 5-10 years for most of the net to adopt something
like that!"

It really depends on how much good it might do along the acceptance
curve. Some approaches won't do much good until most everyone accepts
them, others might do a lot of good if just some early adopters adopt
them such as major ISPs.

The shape of that curve can be as important as its final outcome.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard
  errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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Date: Sun, 01 Jun 2003 23:07:32 -0700

At 06:21 PM 6/1/03 -0400, mathew wrote:
[edited]
>
>Now, I may be wrong, so what if users *are* prepared to go visit a web 
>site in response to a challenge from a C/R system? In that case, I give 
>it about a week before we start seeing spam that's a verbatim copy of 
>the TitanKey C/R text, followed by a URL which redirects to a porn 
>site. Users learn to associate C/R system challenges with porn spam, or 
>(even worse) their Bayesian spam filter recognizes the cloaked URL and 
>learns to filter out challenges automatically.
>
>In fact, a similar problem applies to any other C/R system--inevitably 
>we'll see spammers sending fake C/R challenges as a means of obtaining 
>confirmed e-mail addresses.
>

It's probably true of most systems in use, but any?  
Never use absolutes, they will always get you in to trouble.

Suppose that all challenges included the Message-Id: of the 
quarantined message in it's In-Reply-To: and/or References: header.
(like all DSNs should - grrr)

Then as long as mail clients can recognize message-ids they've created,
it's a simple matter to accept any you've generated, and discard any
that you haven't.  (Handy for those forged return address bounces too.)

If you're worried that spammers will start forging plausible ids 
for their In-Reply-To: headers, or that's too hard for your computer
to remember a few thousand IDs, here's a simple way to create them.
id = "UTC.N@" . md5sum(UTC, N, domain, secret);
where N doesn't repeat in one second intervals (PID is traditional),
and secret is several high quality random bits (say, 16 bytes worth).

That still leaves replay attacks using IDs scraped from 
mailing lists within the expiry date.
With a few tiny changes to the way mailing lists work,
it would actually be possible to close that hole too,
but I think that's a bit excessive for something that 
is only a remote possibility.



IMO the killer problem with C/R is the "automated notice of 
something important" message.  Frequently, those don't even have 
a valid return address, much less a human that will click 
on your web site.


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
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There have been several requests for this, so, no problem. We've got
several accounts that get loads of spam. We'll post out some CSVs of the
bounce data and you can all analyze it yourself.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bob Wyman [mailto:bob@wyman.us]
> Sent: Saturday, May 31, 2003 7:16 AM
> To: Peter Kay; asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard
errors
> "improves" C/R utility?)
> 
> Peter Kay wrote:
> > I'll wait to see the responses and if positive,
> > I'll post off our Web site.
> 	If you're willing to post the data, I can't imagine why you
> would wait. This is a *research* group. *Any* real data is going to be
> welcomed by any rational participant -- especially if that data will,
as
> you suggest: "prove insightful". If you've got data, please post it!
> 
> 		bob wyman
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> Peter Kay
> Sent: Friday, May 30, 2003 8:06 PM
> To: Barry Shein; Scott Nelson
> Cc: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard
> errors "improves" C/R utility?)
> 
> 
> Good news:
> 
> We've been "dogfooding" The Titan Key since around Jan of this year.
If
> the group is interested, we'd be happy to provide database logs of
spam
> "attacks" against email addresses that return a 550. I can't guarantee
> all the data is "there" but it will at least prove insightful.
> 
> I'll wait to see the responses and if positive, I'll post off our Web
> site.
> 
> Peter Kay
> President
> TitanKey Software
> direct: 808-377-9221.  Web: www.titankey.com
> The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
> 
> 
> 



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Date: Mon, 2 Jun 2003 07:21:35 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

> ...
> Never use absolutes, they will always get you in to trouble.

Many absolutes, including that one, can get you into trouble.

> Suppose that all challenges included the Message-Id: of the 
> quarantined message in it's In-Reply-To: and/or References: header.
> (like all DSNs should - grrr)
>
> Then as long as mail clients can recognize message-ids they've created,
> it's a simple matter to accept any you've generated, and discard any
> that you haven't.  (Handy for those forged return address bounces too.)

So few users know what a message-ID is, and so few of those who do
know have the least clue about the message-IDs of their last dozen
sent mail messages that it is safe to make the absolute statement that
no users could ever distinguish valid from bogus spammer challenges
with message-IDs.


> If you're worried that spammers will start forging plausible ids 
> for their In-Reply-To: headers, or that's too hard for your computer
> to remember a few thousand IDs, here's a simple way to create them.
> id = "UTC.N@" . md5sum(UTC, N, domain, secret);
> ...

How many people are going to manually check the last few days of mail
they've sent looking for the message-ID of a new challenge?  Obviously
no one, including practically all C/R advocates will bother.  If any
users were willing and able to do that, there would not be a continuous
flood of questions from people asking how their computers managed to
send spam when they weren't looking when they get a forged bounce.

Even if you modify everyone's MUA to record the Message-IDs of outgoing
mail (no, not all MUAs do that, not even when configured to record
outgoing mail), the absolute statement that no one would manually
check Message-IDs is still more than "5-nines" true.  You would have
to modify MUAs to automagically check "sent folders."

This sub-thread started with the observation that many of us can't
remember to whom we sent mail, and you want us to remember Message-IDs?
If manual (or automatic) checking of Message-IDs could work, then so
would manual (or automatic) checking of "sent folders" for recipients
(except for .forward files, aliases, etc.).


> IMO the killer problem with C/R is the "automated notice of 
> something important" message.  Frequently, those don't even have 
> a valid return address, much less a human that will click 
> on your web site.

That's also a killer.

C/R systems depend on and will in practice devolve into whitelisting
systems.  It would be good to finish the C/R protocols, IDs, or whatever,
and move on to the whitelisting mechanisms that C/R systems require.
That's where most of the utility will lie.  You'll need protocols or
some sort of mechanical support to exchange self-signed certs, PGP keys,
or whatever to foil spammer attacks on the whitelisting system.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard  errors
 "improves" C/R utility?)
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Date: Mon, 2 Jun 2003 16:09:32 +0100 (BST)

On Sun, 1 Jun 2003, Scott Nelson wrote:
> Suppose that all challenges included the Message-Id: of the
> quarantined message in it's In-Reply-To: and/or References: header.
> (like all DSNs should - grrr)
>
> Then as long as mail clients can recognize message-ids they've created,
> it's a simple matter to accept any you've generated, and discard any
> that you haven't.  (Handy for those forged return address bounces too.)

There are millions of e-mail clients that don't even generate Message-IDs
and In-Reply-To: headers, let alone record the ones on sent mail.

If I name Lotus Notes and Eudora as examples, that's probably a two-digit
percentage of all e-mail for starters (Notes being the biggest-selling
enterprise e-mail system, and Eudora being second in popularity to Outlook
on the desktop). Both have been that way for decades. If C/R won't work
unless the vast majority of people upgrade their e-mail client, then I don't
see much hope for it.

As an aside... SpamAssassin with Bayesian filtering is so good that it's
weeks since I last had a false positive, and I've had only a handful of
spams in the same period, all for products that apparently hadn't been
spamvertised before.


mathew
-- 
Journal and other stuff at <URL:http://www.pobox.com/~meta/>

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Barry Shein'" <bzs@world.std.com>
Cc: "'John Fenley'" <pontifier@hotmail.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Short-term versus Long-term focus: A bit of economics ( was: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R utility?))
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Barry Shein wrote:
> The shape of that curve can be as important as its final outcome.
	Yes. That is precisely the point that I was making by suggesting
that one use an economic analysis in comparing the utility of short-term
vs long-term solutions. In many cases a "perfect" solution/outcome far
in the future will be "less valuable" than a partial solution in the
more near-term.

> Some approaches won't do much good until most everyone 
> accepts them, others might do a lot of good if just some 
> early adopters adopt them such as major ISPs.
	And some approaches produce immediate value whenever a single
individual adopts them. For instance, filtering systems, whitelists, and
"single-use addreses" like those of TMDA, provide immediate and
substantial short-term benefits. For those users, the present value of
using such solutions if massively greater than the present value of any
"perfect" solution that might arrive, or begin to arrive, several years
in the future.

		bob wyman

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Subject: [Asrg] Tracking patent claims - please also track evidence of previous work.
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Vern Paxson -
Thanks for tracking patent claims.  Could you also
please track evidence of previous work ("Potential Prior Art"),
so that those who are interested in potentially-invalidating
prior art can learn of them too? I think that would be very
useful information for anyone doing anti-spam research.
Hopefully, others on this list will help fill out any entries.

Here are some potential prior art entries for the Mailblocks patent,
I'm sure others here can add a few:

<p>
Challenge-response is simply an automation of the "Halt! Who goes there!" 
challenge that guards have been issuing for millenia.
Thus, this patent can be challenged as a trivial automation of
previous approaches that have been used for millenia.
<p>
In 1992, Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor of IBM
described a challenge-response system in which the sender
would be asked to process a particular solution before
the receiver would accept the email
<a href="http://research.microsoft.com/research/sv/PennyBlack/junk1.pdf">
[Dwork 1992]</a>.
This work was publicly presented at Crypto '92.
<p>
On May 26, 1996,
<a 
href="http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=4o8cqk%248ah%40dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&amp;output=gplain">
Otmar Lendl (lendl at cosy.sbg.ac.at)
posted how to implement a challenge-response system using procmail</a>.
This was publicly posted to the newsgroup "news.admin.net-abuse.misc"
as the subject "Re: Unsolicited junk email from exd48265@interramp.com",
message-ID &lt;4o8cqk$8ah@dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&gt;#1/1.
This was a simple script that accepted email that accepted email
if it came from certain sources or included a special password in the
"Subject" line; otherwise, a challenge was replied back to the original sender.
This posting included the code to implement the approach, as a response
to another query in the newsgroup.
Indeed, there are hints that others have implemented challenge-response
systems far earlier as well.


Hope that helps, and thank you.


--- David A. Wheeler



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Subject: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track evidence of
 previous work.
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Date: Mon, 02 Jun 2003 12:47:45 -0400

David,

I updated the web page 
(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html) to include prior 
art. If anyone else knows of any IPR information including prior art, 
please post to the list.

Yakov

At 12:29 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, David Wheeler wrote:

>Vern Paxson -
>Thanks for tracking patent claims.  Could you also
>please track evidence of previous work ("Potential Prior Art"),
>so that those who are interested in potentially-invalidating
>prior art can learn of them too? I think that would be very
>useful information for anyone doing anti-spam research.
>Hopefully, others on this list will help fill out any entries.
>
>Here are some potential prior art entries for the Mailblocks patent,
>I'm sure others here can add a few:
>
><p>
>Challenge-response is simply an automation of the "Halt! Who goes there!" 
>challenge that guards have been issuing for millenia.
>Thus, this patent can be challenged as a trivial automation of
>previous approaches that have been used for millenia.
><p>
>In 1992, Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor of IBM
>described a challenge-response system in which the sender
>would be asked to process a particular solution before
>the receiver would accept the email
><a href="http://research.microsoft.com/research/sv/PennyBlack/junk1.pdf">
>[Dwork 1992]</a>.
>This work was publicly presented at Crypto '92.
><p>
>On May 26, 1996,
><a 
>href="http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=4o8cqk%248ah%40dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&amp;output=gplain">
>Otmar Lendl (lendl at cosy.sbg.ac.at)
>posted how to implement a challenge-response system using procmail</a>.
>This was publicly posted to the newsgroup "news.admin.net-abuse.misc"
>as the subject "Re: Unsolicited junk email from exd48265@interramp.com",
>message-ID &lt;4o8cqk$8ah@dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&gt;#1/1.
>This was a simple script that accepted email that accepted email
>if it came from certain sources or included a special password in the
>"Subject" line; otherwise, a challenge was replied back to the original 
>sender.
>This posting included the code to implement the approach, as a response
>to another query in the newsgroup.
>Indeed, there are hints that others have implemented challenge-response
>systems far earlier as well.
>
>
>Hope that helps, and thank you.
>
>
>--- David A. Wheeler
>

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To: <bob@wyman.us>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] Xircom Patent (was TitanKey etc.)
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Date: Mon, 02 Jun 2003 12:52:51 -0400

Can someone provide more information on the following patent (USPTO 
6,356,935)? Feel free to use the template from 
http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html and post your 
responses to the list.

[START TEMPLATE]
1. IP Owner Information. Include legal name and contact information
2. Type of IP: copyrights, trademarks, patents, trade secrets, etc
3. IP Information: Patent, Serial, Publication, Registration, or 
Application/File number(s), Date(s) granted or applied for, Whether this 
disclosure relates to an unpublished pending patent application.
4. References: Include links, ASRG list postings, Internet drafts, etc.
5. Licensing Declaration.

The IP Holder states that its position with respect to licensing any IP 
claims disclosed above that would be necessary to implement the technology 
required by an IETF Proposed Standard, Draft Standard, or Standard (or 
other IETF document) is as follows (select one option only):

___ No License Required for Implementers

___ Royalty-Free, Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory License to All 
Implementers

___ Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory License to All Implementers with 
Possible Royalty/Fee

___ Licensing Declaration to be Provided Later (implies a willingness to 
license in some form to all implementers; otherwise, "Unwilling to License 
to All Implementers" must be selected)

___ Unwilling to License to All Implementers

6. Possible Prior Art: Description and links to possible prior art
7. Notes: Additional Notes
[END TEMPLATE]

At 04:19 PM 5/29/2003 -0400, Bob Wyman wrote:
>[..]
>         These "Virtual Private Email Addresses" appear to be very much
>the same method which I've discussed in a few earlier notes, is used in
>TDMA, or is claimed in the Xircom patent that Intel now owns. (see:
>USPTO 6,356,935).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard
  errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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Date: Mon, 02 Jun 2003 10:44:49 -0700

At 07:21 AM 6/2/03 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>> From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
>
>> ...
>> Never use absolutes, they will always get you in to trouble.
>
>Many absolutes, including that one, can get you into trouble.
>
>> Suppose that all challenges included the Message-Id: of the 
>> quarantined message in it's In-Reply-To: and/or References: header.
>> (like all DSNs should - grrr)
>>
>> Then as long as mail clients can recognize message-ids they've created,
>> it's a simple matter to accept any you've generated, and discard any
>> that you haven't.  (Handy for those forged return address bounces too.)
>
>So few users know what a message-ID is, and so few of those who do
>know have the least clue about the message-IDs of their last dozen
>sent mail messages that it is safe to make the absolute statement that
>no users could ever distinguish valid from bogus spammer challenges
>with message-IDs.
>

/I/ could, but then, I've studied the problem intently, and
my messages-ids are quite a bit different from the "standard" ones.

More importantly, my mail client can do it.
Anyone mail client that used a similar method could do it too.


>
>> If you're worried that spammers will start forging plausible ids 
>> for their In-Reply-To: headers, or that's too hard for your computer
>> to remember a few thousand IDs, here's a simple way to create them.
>> id = "UTC.N@" . md5sum(UTC, N, domain, secret);
>> ...
>
>How many people are going to manually check the last few days of mail
>they've sent looking for the message-ID of a new challenge?  Obviously
>no one, including practically all C/R advocates will bother.  If any
>users were willing and able to do that, there would not be a continuous
>flood of questions from people asking how their computers managed to
>send spam when they weren't looking when they get a forged bounce.
>
>Even if you modify everyone's MUA to record the Message-IDs of outgoing
>mail (no, not all MUAs do that, not even when configured to record
>outgoing mail), the absolute statement that no one would manually
>check Message-IDs is still more than "5-nines" true.  You would have
>to modify MUAs to automagically check "sent folders."
>

If your mail client creates them in a way that can be checked,
then it doesn't have to remember anything except the rule for
generating them.  I described a way to do it.  I've been testing
a similar method for a while now, without any problems.  

If anyone is working on a something that generates message-ids, 
and is having trouble understanding or implementing the idea,
I'd be glad to help them.

>This sub-thread started with the observation that many of us can't
>remember to whom we sent mail, and you want us to remember Message-IDs?
>If manual (or automatic) checking of Message-IDs could work, then so
>would manual (or automatic) checking of "sent folders" for recipients
>(except for .forward files, aliases, etc.).
>

I /want/ MUAs to be able to identify their own IDs, yes.
I pointed out a way that could happen that involves changing MUAs.
I don't expect that change to occur overnight, 
or achieve universal acceptance.


Examine the pieces of what I'm talking about, and consider
the cost vs. benefits.

DSNs (including challenges) need to include an "in-reply-to:" header.
    For most this is a change, but not a difficult change to implement - 
it doesn't require esoteric knowledge, or involve a third party.
There is a tiny benefit, in that the tiny percentage of people who
actually pay attention to message-ids are less confused.  As more
people do it, the benefit increases.  The message-ids are compatible
with the legacy system.  The major cost is the cost associated 
with any change.   I wouldn't expect anyone to roll out a new
version just for this, but I hope that many will add it in and
roll it out with their next revision.


MUAs need to generate messages-ids that they can recognize.
    For most this is a change, but not a difficult change to implement - 
it doesn't require esoteric knowledge, or involve a third party.
There is a tiny benefit, in that the tiny percentage of people who
actually include the id in DSNs can be dealt with better.  As more
people do it, the benefit increases.  An additional benefit is that
stupid address scrapers wouldn't mistake a message-id like 
<20030602T151721@07107eb572829bb7302d6f05ca873309> for an address, 
unlike <1234.5678@example.com>.  (This is not as big a problem 
as it used to be, scrapers are getting smarter.)
The major cost is the cost associated with any change.   
I wouldn't expect anyone to roll out a new version just for this, 
but I hope that many will add it in and roll it out 
with their next revision.

Identifying your own message-ids:
    For most this is a change, but not a difficult change to implement - 
it doesn't require esoteric knowledge, or involve a third party.
There is a tiny benefit, in that the tiny percentage of people who
actually include the id in DSNs can be dealt with better.  As more
people do it, the benefit increases.  An additional benefit is that
DSNs which do include a "in-reply-to:" header that can be determined
not to have been generated by the client can be discarded.
I wouldn't expect anyone to roll this out until after a few 
percent have actually started including message-ids in their 
DSNs/challenges.  If the Earthlink challenge system does it, 
or qmail, or sendmail, then that might be enough right there.
The costs though small, are much larger then the previous two,
since this involves a change to the user interface (identifying
good/bad DSNs isn't much use unless you can communicate that to
the end user)  The benefits are larger though, since this has
the potential to actually block some spam.

All these things are changes, and changes take time.
But the costs are small, and the potential benefits large.
Most spam isn't going to look like a challenge until challenges 
are wide spread.  Either few have implemented the changes, 
in which case counterfeit challenges have little value,
or many have implemented them, in which case counterfeit 
challenges very hard to manufacture.


>
>> IMO the killer problem with C/R is the "automated notice of 
>> something important" message.  Frequently, those don't even have 
>> a valid return address, much less a human that will click 
>> on your web site.
>
>That's also a killer.
>
>C/R systems depend on and will in practice devolve into whitelisting
>systems.  It would be good to finish the C/R protocols, IDs, or whatever,
>and move on to the whitelisting mechanisms that C/R systems require.
>That's where most of the utility will lie.  You'll need protocols or
>some sort of mechanical support to exchange self-signed certs, PGP keys,
>or whatever to foil spammer attacks on the whitelisting system.
>

Even with a crypto-secure mail system, 
I can't see any way to prevent someone on whom you're dependant 
from abusing that and spamming through the whitelisted channel.  
My best answer so far is "If spam only came from the companies 
you dealt with, that's better than the current situation.".  

IMO the friends list is the weakest link, and it's also the most 
difficult to fix.  If forgery was the /only/ way to send spam,
then almost all spam would be forged.  I can see ways to prevent
forgery, but they all involve esoteric knowledge, trusted third 
parties, and require large scale acceptance before any real
benefit is realized.  Most people would balk at rejecting
a sender that isn't certifiable, even if 90% of the senders are.
Even Microsoft would have trouble achieving 90% penetration.

OTH, it might be possible to at least get "automated notice of 
something important" messages to be digitally signed, sent from 
trusted IPs or whatever whitelist mechanism becomes a standard 
(assuming of course that there ever is a standard).


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        David Wheeler <dwheeler@ida.org>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track
  evidence of previous work.
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Date: Mon, 02 Jun 2003 10:49:53 -0700

At 12:47 PM 6/2/03 -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>David,
>
>I updated the web page 
>(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html) to include prior 
>art. If anyone else knows of any IPR information including prior art, 
>please post to the list.
>
>Yakov
>

http://www.spamwolf.com/patents/prior_art.html

This has already been discussed, so I won't belabor it on the list.
If you want more, email me privately.

My favorite piece is still 
http://groups.google.ca/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&selm=56luge%246on%40bertrand.ccs.carleton.ca


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
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Date: Mon, 02 Jun 2003 14:30:26 -0400

At 10:49 AM 6/2/2003 -0700, Scott Nelson wrote:

>At 12:47 PM 6/2/03 -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >David,
> >
> >I updated the web page
> >(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html) to include prior
> >art. If anyone else knows of any IPR information including prior art,
> >please post to the list.
> >
> >Yakov
> >
>
>http://www.spamwolf.com/patents/prior_art.html
>
>This has already been discussed, so I won't belabor it on the list.
>If you want more, email me privately.
>
>My favorite piece is still
>http://groups.google.ca/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&selm=56luge%246on%40bertrand.ccs.carleton.ca
>
>
>Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

I added the link to your page, to the patent list I am maintaining.

Yakov  

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CC: David Wheeler <dwheeler@ida.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track evidence
 of previous work.
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Yakov,
Your own post, "[Asrg] News Article - MailBlocks, Patents and Prior 
Art", 19 May 2003, quotes an article about Mailblock and prior art 
claims by David F. Skoll and Brad Templeton.  Perhaps these claims 
should be added to your collection prior art for the Mailblock pattents.

Reference to Skoll's work:
http://groups.google.ca/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&selm=56luge%246on%40bertrand.ccs.carleton.ca 
and the thread "[Asrg] Not again - another challenge/response patent".

Templeton's own page:
http://www.templetons.com/brad/spam/challengeresponse.html

Harry Tabak

Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> David,
> 
> I updated the web page 
> (http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html) to include 
> prior art. If anyone else knows of any IPR information including prior 
> art, please post to the list.
> 
> Yakov
> 
> At 12:29 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, David Wheeler wrote:
> 
>> Vern Paxson -
>> Thanks for tracking patent claims.  Could you also
>> please track evidence of previous work ("Potential Prior Art"),
>> so that those who are interested in potentially-invalidating
>> prior art can learn of them too? I think that would be very
>> useful information for anyone doing anti-spam research.
>> Hopefully, others on this list will help fill out any entries.
>>
>> Here are some potential prior art entries for the Mailblocks patent,
>> I'm sure others here can add a few:
>>
>> <p>
>> Challenge-response is simply an automation of the "Halt! Who goes 
>> there!" challenge that guards have been issuing for millenia.
>> Thus, this patent can be challenged as a trivial automation of
>> previous approaches that have been used for millenia.
>> <p>
>> In 1992, Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor of IBM
>> described a challenge-response system in which the sender
>> would be asked to process a particular solution before
>> the receiver would accept the email
>> <a href="http://research.microsoft.com/research/sv/PennyBlack/junk1.pdf">
>> [Dwork 1992]</a>.
>> This work was publicly presented at Crypto '92.
>> <p>
>> On May 26, 1996,
>> <a 
>> href="http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=4o8cqk%248ah%40dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&amp;output=gplain"> 
>>
>> Otmar Lendl (lendl at cosy.sbg.ac.at)
>> posted how to implement a challenge-response system using procmail</a>.
>> This was publicly posted to the newsgroup "news.admin.net-abuse.misc"
>> as the subject "Re: Unsolicited junk email from exd48265@interramp.com",
>> message-ID &lt;4o8cqk$8ah@dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&gt;#1/1.
>> This was a simple script that accepted email that accepted email
>> if it came from certain sources or included a special password in the
>> "Subject" line; otherwise, a challenge was replied back to the 
>> original sender.
>> This posting included the code to implement the approach, as a response
>> to another query in the newsgroup.
>> Indeed, there are hints that others have implemented challenge-response
>> systems far earlier as well.
>>
>>
>> Hope that helps, and thank you.
>>
>>
>> --- David A. Wheeler
>>
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track
  evidence of previous work.
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Date: Mon, 02 Jun 2003 15:01:53 -0400

I am going to go through the mailing list archive and add everything in.

Thanks,
Yakov

At 02:51 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, Harry Tabak wrote:

>Yakov,
>Your own post, "[Asrg] News Article - MailBlocks, Patents and Prior Art", 
>19 May 2003, quotes an article about Mailblock and prior art claims by 
>David F. Skoll and Brad Templeton.  Perhaps these claims should be added 
>to your collection prior art for the Mailblock pattents.
>
>Reference to Skoll's work:
>http://groups.google.ca/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&selm=56luge%246on%40bertrand.ccs.carleton.ca 
>and the thread "[Asrg] Not again - another challenge/response patent".
>
>Templeton's own page:
>http://www.templetons.com/brad/spam/challengeresponse.html
>
>Harry Tabak
>
>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
>>David,
>>I updated the web page 
>>(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html) to include prior 
>>art. If anyone else knows of any IPR information including prior art, 
>>please post to the list.
>>Yakov
>>At 12:29 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, David Wheeler wrote:
>>
>>>Vern Paxson -
>>>Thanks for tracking patent claims.  Could you also
>>>please track evidence of previous work ("Potential Prior Art"),
>>>so that those who are interested in potentially-invalidating
>>>prior art can learn of them too? I think that would be very
>>>useful information for anyone doing anti-spam research.
>>>Hopefully, others on this list will help fill out any entries.
>>>
>>>Here are some potential prior art entries for the Mailblocks patent,
>>>I'm sure others here can add a few:
>>>
>>><p>
>>>Challenge-response is simply an automation of the "Halt! Who goes 
>>>there!" challenge that guards have been issuing for millenia.
>>>Thus, this patent can be challenged as a trivial automation of
>>>previous approaches that have been used for millenia.
>>><p>
>>>In 1992, Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor of IBM
>>>described a challenge-response system in which the sender
>>>would be asked to process a particular solution before
>>>the receiver would accept the email
>>><a href="http://research.microsoft.com/research/sv/PennyBlack/junk1.pdf">
>>>[Dwork 1992]</a>.
>>>This work was publicly presented at Crypto '92.
>>><p>
>>>On May 26, 1996,
>>><a 
>>>href="http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=4o8cqk%248ah%40dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&amp;output=gplain"> 
>>>
>>>Otmar Lendl (lendl at cosy.sbg.ac.at)
>>>posted how to implement a challenge-response system using procmail</a>.
>>>This was publicly posted to the newsgroup "news.admin.net-abuse.misc"
>>>as the subject "Re: Unsolicited junk email from exd48265@interramp.com",
>>>message-ID &lt;4o8cqk$8ah@dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&gt;#1/1.
>>>This was a simple script that accepted email that accepted email
>>>if it came from certain sources or included a special password in the
>>>"Subject" line; otherwise, a challenge was replied back to the original 
>>>sender.
>>>This posting included the code to implement the approach, as a response
>>>to another query in the newsgroup.
>>>Indeed, there are hints that others have implemented challenge-response
>>>systems far earlier as well.
>>>
>>>
>>>Hope that helps, and thank you.
>>>
>>>
>>>--- David A. Wheeler
>>_______________________________________________
>>Asrg mailing list
>>Asrg@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>

_______________________________________________
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From: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] RMX: New draft and implementation
Message-ID: <20030602194532.GA7024@dumbo.pobox.com>
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Date: Mon, 2 Jun 2003 15:45:32 -0400

On Sun, Jun 01, 2003 at 11:57:29PM +0200, Hadmut Danisch wrote:
| 
| I will submit a new version of the RMX draft within the next 
| few days. The draft is already available at
| 
|    http://www.danisch.de/work/security/antispam.html

Over the past few days I have reviewed both RMX and Fecyk's DMP.

Each has its advantages and disadvantages.

I believe a hybrid is possible: one that represents the best of both worlds.

  http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/dmp.mhtml#vs

Constructive criticism welcome.

cheers
meng
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> From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

> ...
> actually pay attention to message-ids are less confused.  As more
> people do it, the benefit increases.  The message-ids are compatible
> with the legacy system.  The major cost is the cost associated 
> with any change.   I wouldn't expect anyone to roll out a new
> version just for this, but I hope that many will add it in and
> roll it out with their next revision.

> ...
> The major cost is the cost associated with any change.   
> I wouldn't expect anyone to roll out a new version just for this, 
> but I hope that many will add it in and roll it out 
> with their next revision.

What is the reasonable basis for your hope?  Certain large vendor(s)
not only can't even get things like "out-of-office" messages right but
insist that their broken wrong why is the right and ony way.  Why
would they generate your flavor of Message-ID, assuming it is all you
say it is and more?  Then there are the people who use qmail despite
the fact that when qmail acts as an MUA (e.g. generates a DSN or when
fronting for a mailing list), it often does not generate any Message-IDs,
and these are exactly the early-adopters you would hope to use your
new flavor.  As you say, the benefits for generating your message-IDs
start at zilch and with noticable costs (e.g. release cycle), and
slowly improve over the years.  I'm not saying it can't happen, but
asking for a better reason than "it would be nice" and "maybe someday
it will help somewhat."

(I know that qmail often does not generate Message-IDs because detecting
their absense is one of my better spam filters.  Qmail systems are
the only significant false positives for my mail and the most significant
false positives for the 1,000,000's of mailboxes protected by the DCC.)



> ...
> All these things are changes, and changes take time.
> But the costs are small, and the potential benefits large.

I'm made bazillions of low cost eventually high profit suggestions in
zillions of areas over the last 35 years.  If even 10% of them had
been adopted, we would be in heaven...or something.  I've long since
realized there are two kinds of changes, those that I can make personally
or that can be made by people I know and can convince, and very long
shots that are almost always wastes of time to even talk about except
while "shooting the bull."  Convincing people you don't know at
addresses you can't even describe to do something like change their
message-ID generating code for a possible reward in several years is
one of the second kind.  It could happen, but we better have a fall
back defense against spam.


> Most spam isn't going to look like a challenge until challenges 
> are wide spread. 

Yes, and C/R systems are unlikely to ever be widespread.

I wish the C/R advocates would get on with specifying their protocol
or whatever in an I-D and then RFC so that the world can move past
that chimera.

> ...
> >C/R systems depend on and will in practice devolve into whitelisting
> >systems.  It would be good to finish the C/R protocols, IDs, or whatever,
> >and move on to the whitelisting mechanisms that C/R systems require.
> >That's where most of the utility will lie.  You'll need protocols or
> >some sort of mechanical support to exchange self-signed certs, PGP keys,
> >or whatever to foil spammer attacks on the whitelisting system.
>
> Even with a crypto-secure mail system, 
> I can't see any way to prevent someone on whom you're dependant 
> from abusing that and spamming through the whitelisted channel.  
> My best answer so far is "If spam only came from the companies 
> you dealt with, that's better than the current situation.".  

On the contrary, junk mail from your correspondents "scales."
Practically no one's correspondents increase with the size of the
Internet (at least not this century).  The melt-down problem of spam
would not apply if you only received junk mail from people and outfits
you know.  Besides, when one of your whitelisted correspondents goes
over to the dark side, it takes only a moment to fix the problem
forever.


> ...
> then almost all spam would be forged.  I can see ways to prevent
> forgery, but they all involve esoteric knowledge, trusted third 
> parties, and require large scale acceptance before any real
> benefit is realized.  Most people would balk at rejecting
> a sender that isn't certifiable, even if 90% of the senders are.
> Even Microsoft would have trouble achieving 90% penetration.

I agree with that, but others seem to have other views.

> OTH, it might be possible to at least get "automated notice of 
> something important" messages to be digitally signed, sent from 
> trusted IPs or whatever whitelist mechanism becomes a standard 
> (assuming of course that there ever is a standard).

You keep saying things related to that notion of "important messages"
that I don't understand.  All spam are important messages according to
their senders--no sarcasm intended.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Well, we could propose a simple, three-dimensional model for any spam
solution whose axes would be:

	 1. Adoption (perhaps percentage of servers or clients.)
	 2. Spam reduction (percentage of spam)
	 3. Time (years or whatever.)

and try to judge the merit of a proposal on that basis.

Obviously one can't predict such a curve with any great accuracy but
at least we'd be estimating the same parameters for discussions' sake.

As an example, I think RMX would have a fairly steeply rising curve
over time for Adoption, particularly if # of servers was weighted by
the number of clients they represent (e.g., if AOL adopts it then
that's a big jump), and then adoption would probably slow down a lot
(i.e., early adopters adopt early and everyone else ignores it
mostly), and the (measurable) spam reduction would be small to zero
because I don't think it's a spam-reducer.

Others no doubt have another opinion, but if accepted this might be
some grounds for a common criteria.

I'll dub it the "Effectiveness Axes" or E-Axes for short.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'asrg@ietf.org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: FW: [Asrg] Whitelist conforming definition
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Oops, I forgot the references.

 [1]  Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 2822, April
      2001.

 [2]  Crocker, D., "Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet Text
      Messages", RFC 822, August 1982.

 [3]  Klensin, J. "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 2821,
      April 2001. 

 [4] Postel, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 821,
     August 1982.

-----Original Message-----
From:	Eric D. Williams [SMTP:eric@infobro.com]
Sent:	Sunday, June 01, 2003 1:06 PM
To:	'asrg@ietf.org'
Subject:	[Asrg] Whitelist conforming definition

Group;

After perusing the current submissions to the information call I made "please 
define 'whitelist' as it is being used..."  The following is the conforming 
definition to date.  Please note this is a definition that has been abstracted 
from all of the submissions, it is not meant to represent the precise 
definition but a consensus gathered from all of the submissions, to wit:

Whitelist -

 Used in the context of e-mail processing for storage or forwarding
 to a recipient, a whitelist is a list of attributes which is used
 to match against incoming email.  Mail that matches a specified
 attribute or attributes is passed to the recipient without further
 processing.

Whitelisting -

 The addition of specified attributes to a 'whitelist' used to identify
 messages from senders that are 'whitelisted.' The attributes may be
 developed from a number of different sources of information, including
 but not limited to information in message headers [1,2], protocol
 information [3,4] or user input.  The term 'blacklisting' is sometimes
 used as a converse of the term 'whitelisting', but this use is not well
 defined.





-e
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I strongly suggest that the group review the proposed (draft-draft) 
requirements <attached> and see if they meet the goals of this group.

-e

On Monday, June 02, 2003 12:23 AM, Barry Shein [SMTP:bzs@world.std.com] wrote:
>
> On the other hand, spam has been around for almost 10 years, and has
> certainly been a major concern at public sites since at least 1997,
> almost seven years ago.
>
> So, although a quick solution of some magnitude is almost mandatory
> just to stop something major kicking over the entire chessboard (death
> of the net and all that), let's not completely rule out so-called
> long-term, slow adoption approaches with 5-10 year horizons or even
> longer.
8<...>8
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Anti Spam Research Group                                        R. Brand
Internet-Draft                             Procinct Security Corporation
Expires: Mmmmmmm D, YYYY                                     E. Williams
                                               Information Brokers, Inc.
                                                            May 29, 2003


              Anti Spam Research Group Requirements
                 draft-irtf-asrg-requirements-xx

Status of this Memo
=20
 This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
 all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.
=20
 Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
 Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
 other groups may also distribute working documents as
 Internet-Drafts.
=20
 Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
 months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other
 documents at any time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-
 Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as
 "work in progress."
=20
 The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
 http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.
=20
 The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed
 at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
=20
 This Internet-Draft will expire on Mmmmmmm dd, yyyy.

Copyright Notice
=20
 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003).  All Rights
 Reserved.

Abstract
=20
 The purpose of the Anti Spam Research Group (ASRG) is to
 investigate the [spam] problem (loosely defined as =91non consent-
 based communications=92) as a large-scale network problem,
 understand the problem and collectively propose and evaluate
 solutions to the problem.  This Internet-Draft describes the
 high-level requirements for proposed methodologies for
 addressing the problem, including the rationale for those
 requirements where clarification is needed.  Scenarios are used
 to illustrate some requirements.





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Table of Contents

 1. Introduction                                              4
 1.1 Conventions Used In This Document                        4
 1.2 Reasons for the ASRG Proposal Requirements               4
 1.3 Terminology                                              5
 1.3.1 Anti-spam                                              5
 1.3.2 Bulk E-mail                                            5
 1.3.3 Caller                                                 5
 1.3.4 Callback                                               5
 1.3.5 Challenge/Response System                              5
 1.3.6 Consent                                                5
 1.3.7 Consent Based Communications                           5
 1.3.8 Commercial E-mail                                      6
 1.3.9 Domain Name System (DNS)                               6
 1.3.10 E-mail                                                6
 1.3.11 False Negative                                        6
 1.3.12 False Positive                                        6
 1.3.13 Legitimate Messaging                                  6
 1.3.14 Message Content                                       6
 1.3.15 Message Envelope Forgery                              6
 1.3.16 Message Envelope Protocol                             6
 1.3.17 Message Header                                        7
 1.3.18 Message Header Forgery                                7
 1.3.19 Message Origination                                   7
 1.3.20 Message Originator                                    7
 1.3.21 Message Transfer Agent                                7
 1.3.22 Message Transfer System                               7
 1.3.23 Message User Agent                                    7
 1.3.24 Message Store/Message Storage Agent                   8
 1.3.25 Non Consent Based Communication (spam)                8
 1.3.26 Open Relay MTA                                        8
 1.3.27 Opt-In                                                8
 1.3.28 Opt-Out                                               8
 1.3.29 Recipient/Receiver                                    8
 1.3.30 Sender                                                8
 1.3.31 Spammer                                               8
 1.3.32 Relay MTA                                             8
 1.3.33 Selective Relay MTA                                   9
 1.3.34 Reverse DNS                                           9
 1.3.35 Transport Protocol                                    9
 1.3.36 Unsolicited Bulk E-Mail                               9
 1.3.37 Unsolicited Commercial E-Mail                         9
 1.4 Anti Spam Technical Framework                            9
 1.5 Organization of Requirements                            10
 2. Requirements                                             10
 2.1 Use of existing RFCs                                    10
 2.1.1 Rationale:                                            10
 2.2 Inexpensive                                             10
 2.2.1 Rational:                                             10



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 2.3 Ease of Use                                             11
 2.3.1 Rationale:                                            11
 2.4 Ease of Deployment                                      11
 2.4.1 Rational:                                             11
 2.5 Interoperable                                           11
 2.5.1 Rational:                                             11
 2.6 Highly Effective                                        12
 2.6.1 Rationale:                                            12
 2.7 Persistently Effective                                  12
 2.7.1 Rational:                                             12
 2.8 Doesn't Interfere With The Delivery Of Legitimate Mail  12
 2.8.1 Rationale:                                            12
 2.9 Single Solution                                         12
 2.9.1 Rationale:                                            12
 2.10 Technical Rather Than Legislative                      13
 2.10.1 Rationale:                                           13
 2.11 Complexity                                             13
 2.11.1 Rationale:                                           13
 2.12 Implement ability                                      13
 2.12.1 Rationale:                                           13
 2.13 Other Platforms                                        14
 2.13.1 Rationale:                                           14
 2.14 Accountability and Anonymity                           14
 2.14.1 Rationale:                                           14
 3. Security Considerations                                  14
 Informative References                                      15
 Authors' Addresses                                          15
 Full Copyright Statement                                    16
 Acknowledgements                                            16

=20























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1.  Introduction
=20
 This is an unordered simple listing of possible criteria for
 ASRG to evaluate anti-spam solutions.
=20
 The ASRG should solicit both additional criteria and also
 argumentation/analysis as to which criteria are appropriate and
 important and which are not.

1.1  Conventions Used In This Document
=20
 This is not an IETF standards track document[1].  As it is not
 such a document the keywords MUST, MUST NOT, SHOULD, and MAY
 are NOT as in [2], but rather:
 =20
  o  MUST: This word, or the terms "REQUIRED" or "SHALL", means
     that the described behavior or characteristic is an absolute
     requirement for a proposed ASRG specification.
  o  MUST NOT: This phrase, or the phrase "SHALL NOT", means that
     the described behavior or characteristic is an absolute
     prohibition of a proposed ASRG specification.
  o  SHOULD: This word, or the adjective "RECOMMENDED", means
     that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances
     for a proposed ASRG specification to ignore described behavior or
     characteristics.
  o  MAY: This word, or the adjective "OPTIONAL", means that
     described behavior or characteristics are truly optional for a
     proposed ASRG specification.  One proposed specification may
     choose to include the described behavior or characteristic while
     another proposed specification may omit the same behavior or
     characteristic.

1.2  Reasons for the ASRG Proposal Requirements
=20
 The reasons for development this set of requirements for ASRG
 proposals are derived from the ASRG charter.  The charter
 states:

     "The purpose of the ASRG is to understand the problem
     and collectively propose and evaluate solutions to the
     problem. While some techniques focus on local text
     classification approaches, many traditional and
     evolving techniques include approaches that involve new
     network architectures or changes to the existing
     applications and protocols.
    =20
     ASRG will investigate the spam problem as a large-scale
     network problem. The ASRG will begin its work by
     developing a taxonomy of the problem and the proposed
     solutions. This taxonomy should involve casting the
     spam problem into different perspectives, such as
     examining the similarities between spam and denial-of-


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    =20

     service; spam and intrusion detection/prevention; and
     spam and authentication, authorization, and accounting.
     ASRG will consider the issues of deployment for
     proposed solutions, emphasizing the investigation of
     methods that have a realistic chance of wide-scale
     deployment.
    =20
     The work of the ASRG will also include investigating
     techniques to evaluate the usefulness and cost of
     proposed solutions. Usefulness is described by the
     effectiveness, accuracy, and incentive structure of the
     system. The cost of the system refers to the burden
     imposed on users and operators of the communications
     system. These costs include any changes to the normal
     use of the system or actual changes in the monetary
     costs of using the system. The group will investigate
     evaluation infrastructures such as public trace data
     archives and research tools to measure and analyze the
     problem and the solutions.
    =20
     ASRG will not pursue research into legal issues of
     spam, other than the extent to which these issues
     affect, support, or constrain the technology."
=20
 This scope provides the basis framework for the development and
 evaluation of proposals.  This document provides the core
 requirements applied by the research group for evaluation of
 ASRG proposals.

1.3  Terminology
=20
 In an effort to develop a common reference point for the
 evaluation of proposals and solutions we have compiled the
 following list of commonly used terms relating to anti-[spam]
 technology and efforts.  The terms are presented in the
 sections that follow in alphabetical order.  In addition some
 specific applications/examples of techniques described are
 presented in Appendix [TBD].

1.3.1     Anti-spam (Requires consensus definition - RCD)

1.3.2     Bulk E-mail (RCD)

1.3.3     Caller (RCD)

1.3.4     Callback (RCD)

1.3.5     Challenge/Response System (RCD)

1.3.6     Consent (RCD)

1.3.7     Consent Based Communications (RCD)


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1.3.8     Commercial E-mail (RCD)

1.3.9     Domain Name System (DNS)

 A system for associating character based names with=20
 numerically based internet protocol addresses [3].  The DNS works
 with in the framework of internetwork communications to provide
 names (called domain names) to zones of authority.  The DNS is a
 facility for mapping user friendly names to transactional end=20
 point identifiers (IP addresses).  The DNS is heavily utilized by
 messaging systems to determine end point identifiers for message
 relays and message termination points[8].  A full definition of
 the operation of the DNS is outside of the scope of this
 document.

1.3.10    E-mail

 The term commonly used to describe a system of messaging based
 in a network of distributed systems and acted on by computer
 software and human actors.  E-mail is a method of communications
 used in Internet for multiple purposes too numerous to list in
 this definition.

1.3.11    False Negative

 In the context of this paper, a false negative is as defined
 in [7] and is determined after a message filter test. A False
 Negative (FN) is where a "Message fails to match the test
 criteria, but the criteria are not sufficiently strong."

1.3.12    False Positive

 In the context of this paper, a false positive is as defined
 in [7] and is determined after a message filter test. A False
 Positive (FP) is where a "Message matches test criteria but the
 criteria are too aggressive."

1.3.13    Legitimate Messaging (RCD)

1.3.14    Message Content

 That part of a messaging transaction that contains data as
 described by [4],[9].  Message content consists of=20
 RFC2822/RFC822 compliant data.

1.3.15    Message Envelope Forgery (RCD)

1.3.16    Message Envelope Protocol

 The protocol used during message transfer to insert message
 content into the message transfer system.  The primary envelope
 protocol used in Internet is defined in [5].  The message
 envelope protocol precedes the transfer of message content and

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 terminates message content transfer.

1.3.17    Message Header

 That part of message content that precedes the message body=20
 and/or dictates the methodology for parsing the message into
 message body parts as defined in [4],[6].

1.3.18    Message Header Forgery (RCD)

1.3.19    Message Origination

 The process of inserting an original or revised message into
 the message transfer system by an MUA, a human actor or any
 system in the network of systems that comprise the message
 transfer system.

1.3.20    Message Originator

 An actor, human or machine, that causes the insertion of an
 original or revised message into the message transfer system.

1.3.21    Message Transfer Agent
=20
 A Message Transfer Agent (MTA) is a system within the Message
 Transfer System that participates in message transport on the
 behalf of Message Originators.

1.3.22    Message Transfer System

 The definition of the Message Transfer System (MTS) is described
 by the following and associates elements in the MTS as follows:

        Message Transfer System
    +---> MTA <-> MTA <-> MTA <----+
    |      |               |       |
    |      V               V       |
   MUA <-> MS              MS <-> MUA

 The MTS also exhibits control points as described in [7]=20
 for addressing [spam].

1.3.23    Message User Agent

 A program or user interface that provides access for a human
 actor to the MTS and/or messages stored in a message store. A
 message user agent (MUA) provides the human friendly interface,
 if needed, for sending and receiving message transactions.
 It may also supply an user-level programming interface, for
 programmatic access to user functionality.  An MUA may=20
 also provide capabilities for editing, deleting, filtering,=20
 sorting and storing messages.  MUA features vary across=20
 platforms and implementations.  =20

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1.3.24    Message Store/Message Storage Agent

 A system that provides storage for messages, the system usually
 is acting on behalf of a human actor, but this is not required.
 An MUA may act on a local message store or may provide access=20
 to a remote message storage system, or both. In the latter sense
 the term message storage agent is typically used.  The term
 message store (MS) is usually, though not exclusively associated
 with a system where messages are stored prior to retrieval by an MUA. =20


1.3.25    Non Consent Based Communication (spam) (RCD)

1.3.26    Open Relay MTA

 An MTA which is configured to relay mail for local domains and
 foreign domains not associated with the MTA, without restricting
 access to the relay functions.  In essence an Open Relay MTA=20
 typically relays messages for known and unknown domains because=20
 of improper configuration.
=20
1.3.27    Opt-In (RCD)

1.3.28    Opt-Out (RCD)

1.3.29    Recipient/Receiver

 A computer system, application or process that is the final,
 terminating end of a messaging transmission sequence.  A
 receiver is engaged in the activity of receiving final=20
 delivery of a message comprising an message envelope and=20
 optional content.  A receiver usually is acting on behalf of
 a human actor, but this is not required.

1.3.30    Sender

 A computer system, application or process that is the origin,
 terminating end of a messaging transmission sequence. A sender
 is engaged in the activity of initial posting of a message=20
 comprising an message envelope and optional content. A sender=20
 usually is acting on behalf of a human actor, but this is not=20
 required.  Sender may also be a message header field [4].

1.3.31    Spammer (RCD)

1.3.32    Relay MTA

 An MTA configured to participate in a store-and-forward=20
 sequence between a sender's MTA and a receiver's MTA. The=20
 term Relay MTA is meant to apply to MTA systems that do not=20
 transact with MUAs, but only with other MTAs.



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1.3.33    Selective Relay MTA

 An MTA configured to recognize and participate in a
 store-and-forward sequence between a sender's MTA and a=20
 receiver's MTA but only for messages that are originated from
 known domains[8].  A Selective Relay MTA is distinguished from=20
 other Relay MTAs by performing authentication and/or=20
 origination checks before relaying a message.  The term=20
 Selective Relay MTA may apply to MTA systems that transact=20
 with MUAs, and with other MTAs.

1.3.34    Reverse DNS

 Term used to describe the process of using the DNS to query for a
 mapping from numeric end point identifier (IP address) to
 character based user friendly name (domain name).

1.3.35    Message Transfer Protocol

 For purposes of this document a Message Transfer Protocol=20
 describes a communications protocol used to communicate=20
 information between computer systems for the purpose of=20
 performing the exchange of application message data.  The=20
 protocol may provide reliable or unreliable communications. =20
 The Transfer Protocol is independent of message content,=20
 although it may impose other communications constraints.

1.3.36    Unsolicited Bulk E-Mail (RCD)

1.3.37    Unsolicited Commercial E-Mail (RCD)

1.4  Anti Spam Technical Framework
=20
 This document assumes the technical framework for anti-[spam]
 proposals using the terminology defined in Section 1.3, we
 assume the MTS is the primary means for transferring messages
 among senders and recipients.  The MTS consists of at least two
 MTAs, MUAs and MS systems.  The MTS relies on the DNS to
 locate network information about relevant systems.  The MTS
 uses various transport, envelope and message technologies that
 are well known to [spammers] and MTS applications.

 These are the only assumptions we make concerning approaches to
 proposals that will be evaluated.  Using that logic the
 following should not matter:
 =20
  o  Whether MTA, MUA, the MTS or some MTS component, e.g. MS; is
     the platform for the proposed solution.
  o  Whether the proposed solution is the specification of
     protocol extensions or an entirely new protocol.
  o  Whether the proposed solution uses existing technologies or
     leverages existing technology.


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1.5  Organization of Requirements
=20
 The requirements outlined in this document reflect the high
 level aspects for operational deployment of a solution.  For
 each requirement we will state the requirement as clearly as
 possible without attempting to dictate a specific idea.  Then
 the rationale for stating the requirement and its importance
 will be given along with its relative usefulness to a proposal
 or specification.  Optionally, we will provide an operational
 scenario describing how such a feature may be used in the
 environment being considered.  Scenario=92s are only illustrative
 of actions a feature might enable.
=20
 It is expected that proposals will at a minimum meet the
 requirements laid out in this document.  However, this document
 should only be used generally as a single criteria among others=20
 used to evaluate a proposal.  The ASRG may use additional=20
 metrics for evaluation of proposals of competing designs.

2.  Requirements

2.1  Use of existing RFCs
=20
 ASRG proposals SHALL reference and use previously published
 RFCs where possible.

2.1.1     Rationale:
=20
 The IETF has already completed a great deal of research and
 work into the areas of authentication, identification,
 authorization, messaging and messaging communications and other
 related protocols.  In order to facilitate the work of this
 group and its search for a solution it is wise to consider
 defined and accepted standards.

2.2  Inexpensive
=20
 The proposal MUST consider the computational and storage
 expense for users and technologies within the MTS utilizing the
 proposed approach.

2.2.1     Rational:
=20
 Any additional overhead imposed on systems in the operating
 environment may influence the level of deployment of the
 proposed approach.  To enhance deployment opportunities it is
 smart to consider the impact of the approach on computational
 and human resources.


=20



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2.3  Ease of Use
=20
 The approach SHALL consider the ease of use for message system
 managers, senders and recipients in all messaging situations.

2.3.1     Rationale:
=20
 For successful adoption by the user community proposals must
 provide support for typical and atypical messaging situations
 involving two or more parties.  Many different correspondent
 scenarios exist in the MTS a proposal which limits the ease of
 messaging in existing scenarios will limit adoption.

2.4  Ease of Deployment
=20
 The proposal SHOULD consider deployment on any basis and take
 into account existing systems deployed and operating in the
 MTS.

2.4.1     Rational:
=20
 Any solution to the problems with =91spam=92 should be easily
 deployed to facilitate either incremental or wide-spread
 adoption.  Existing systems will likely continue to be used,
 thus a solution that leverages existing technology or MTS =91anti-
 spam=92 implementations will also speed introduction.  A proposal
 that relies on non-existent infrastructure or technology is not
 likely to be deployed.

2.5  Interoperable
=20
 Proposals MUST be interoperable with existing MTS uses.

2.5.1     Rational:
=20
 In order to be widely deployed and functional in the existing
 environment the proposal must consider interoperation with
 legacy protocols and systems.  The existing MTS environment
 consists of web based messaging client, offline MUAs, MUAs that
 support direct access to MS and delivery to MTA relays, etc.

 Additionally, the platforms that manage messaging applications
 are also heterogeneous, designers must consider the practicality
 of operation using multiple operating systems and technologies.
 Proposals must not be specific to a single operating system or
 system platform.








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2.6  Highly Effective
=20
 The proposal MUST provide an effective solution and identify the
 subset of [spam] it will be effective against with Assumptions.

2.6.1     Rationale:
=20
 Although proposals may differ in approach all proposals will be
 evaluated using an appropriate application of the assumptions
 presented and the solution set described.  This will provide
 a consistent basis and measures for evaluation of the
 approach.

2.7  Persistently Effective
=20
 The proposal SHOULD provide more than a step in an environment
 of escalating countermeasures.

2.7.1     Rational:
=20
 Authors should consider the status quo concerning the
 development and deployment of stop-gap measures a failure.
 Solutions or research into the problem should present a
 threat analysis with the threat(s) being addressed, protection
 goals, possible countermeasures and defenses against those
 countermeasures over the longest period possible or that=20
 provably work forever.

2.8  Doesn't Interfere With The Delivery Of Legitimate Mail
=20
 The proposal MUST consider, address and keep at a minimum
 impacts on [legitimate] messaging traffic within the MTS.

2.8.1     Rationale:
=20
 Proposals must consider the reasons for successful widespread
 deployment of the current MTS: low latency, high
 deliverability, scalability, functionality for multiple content
 types, etc.  Authors should develop proposals that minimize
 impact in these critical areas for [legitimate] MTS uses.  Thus
 an optimal proposal will impact only [spam] and not
 [legitimate] messaging traffic.

2.9 Goal Oriented Solution

 The proposal SHOULD provide a carefully drafted scope of its
 goals and its effectiveness at addressing those goals. Systems
 SHOULD consider how they interoperate with other [anti-spam] systems.

2.9.1    Rationale:
=20
 A single solution that will work for all people is the optimum


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 solution.  However, designers should provide documentation that
 carefully scopes out the goals and effectively addresses them.
 Interoperation of [anti-spam] solutions may benefit the overall
 solution.  A solution that is optimal also impacts all of the
 problems associated with [spam], such as [list of problem terms].=20
 Approaches that impact a sub-domain of problems should be
 designed to leverage that approach with other approaches to
 broaden the overall solution.

2.10 Legislative and Policy Considerations
=20
 The proposal SHOULD consider how laws and policies affect, support
 or constrain the technology.

2.10.1    Rationale:
=20
 A proposal should consider how legal and policy issues affect,
 support, or constrain the technology. If a solution supports
 or is supported by particular legislation, then this should be
 explicitly stated. We encourage authors to understand the
 relationship between the technology and the legislation and=20
 effects of a solution on enforcement of legislation as it
 relates to aiding in enforcement.

2.11 Complexity
=20
 The proposal SHOULD strive for simplicity versus complexity.

2.11.1    Rationale:
=20
 Any technical solution that meets the criteria described for
 success should remain as simple as possible within the
 constraints of the methodology.  Regardless of the method used
 to address the problems of [spam], the proposal should be
 easily understood or described using simple terms.  The less
 complex the solution or a description of its functioning, the
 more likely the adoption by a wide audience.

2.12 Implement ability
=20
 Proposals MUST represent a methodology or technology that it is
 possible to implement.

2.12.1    Rationale:
=20
 While many theories for addressing and eradicating the problems
 being addressed exist only a sub-set of the possible universe
 of theories can be developed into a solution that can be
 successfully implemented.  In order to preserve the resources
 for evaluation of proposals and limit discussion of non-
 workable proposals, designers must present proposals where the
 consideration of ease of implementation, perceived

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 implementation difficulties, existing implementations,
 reference implementations, and/or interoperable implementations
 have been addressed.

2.13 Other Platforms
=20
 Proposals MAY consider methodologies that are effective on
 platforms and system alternatives to the traditional MTS.

2.13.1    Rationale:
=20
 Technologies are emerging and available as alternative
 messaging environments to the traditional MTS.  Designers may
 consider including specific or general methodologies that will
 interoperate with or integrate with these emerging and
 alternative technologies.  Methods that work with instant
 messengers, receive-only alphanumeric pagers, two-way
 alphanumeric pagers, and/or SMS/phone text messaging are some
 of the technologies that are considered good candidates for
 evaluation.

2.14 Accountability and Anonymity
=20
 Proposals MUST address issues of accountability and anonymity
 of MTS users, specifically message senders.

2.14.1    Rationale:
=20
 One of the most pernicious issues involving [spam] are related
 to accountability of the [spammers] who provide invalid or
 simulated information in order to =93game the system=94 provided by
 the current MTS.  Designers MUST describe the issues of
 accountability addressed by their proposal.  Message
 origination and message formatting forgery must be considered
 in designs, an optimal design would allow tracing of messages
 to the sending person, organization and/or system.

 Additionally, there is just cause for preserving sender
 anonymity and supporting the use of appropriate =91anonymization=92
 services that currently exist.  Designers must consider the
 impact of accountability by a proposal on these systems and=20
 address the issues related to preserving anonymity for=20
 [legitimate] uses.

3.  Security Considerations
=20
 This document does not address security matters.  However,
 security and privacy are important concerns that must be
 considered while developing a solution which deals with public
 and private correspondence.  Security considerations should be
 established by the ASRG but are not presently included.



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Informative References

 [1]  Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision
      3", BCP9, RFC 2026, October 1996.
=20
 [2]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
      Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

 [3]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain Name System", STD 13, RFC 1034
      and RFC 1035,  November 1987.

 [4]  Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 2822, April
      2001.

 [5]  Klensin, J. "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 2821,
      April 2001.=20

 [6]  Freed, N. and  N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
      Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message
      Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996.

 [7]  Crocker, D. "Technical Considerations for Spam Control
      Mechanisms", work in progress, Internet-Draft
      draft-crocker-spam-techconsider-00.txt, April 2003.=20

 [8]  Partridge, C., "Mail Routing and the Domain System", STD
      14, RFC 974, January 1986.

 [9]  Crocker, D., "Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet Text
      Messages", RFC 822, August 1982.


Authors' Addresses
=20
 Rusell L. Brand
 Procinct Security Corporation
 870 Market Street, Suite 1105
 San Francisco, CA 94102
 US
=20
 EMail: Brand@responsible.com
 URI:   http://www.procinct.com/
=20
 Eric D. Williams
 Information Brokers, Inc.
 1309 S Street, SE
 Washington, DC 20020
 US
=20
 EMail: eric@infobro.com
 URI:   http://www.infobro.com/



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Full Copyright Statement
=20
 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003).  All Rights
 Reserved.
=20
 This document and translations of it may be copied and
 furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or
 otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be
 prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in
 part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above
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=20
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Brand & Williams     Expires: Mmmmmmm D, YYYY            [Page 16]=20

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To: "'mathew'" <meta@pobox.com>, "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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On Sunday, June 01, 2003 6:21 PM, mathew [SMTP:meta@pobox.com] wrote:
8<...>8 for brevity only.
>
> 1. I send mail to Joe Smith.
> 2. I get a bounce message saying that there's no Joe Smith account, and
> that
>     my e-mail wasn't delivered. I delete it immediately, of course.
8<...>8

If your eMail server responds that a user does not exist, that is the proper 
response.  The proper response should be that the status of the delivery is 
'pending some disposition' or 'policy determination'.  That is the argument 
that it seems is at the root of this issue.  I did respond to a challenge from 
the system when I sent a previous eMail.  I may have recieved a "no such user" 
response in-band to the 'converstation'.

I may have deleted it as you suggest however.  In any event the only reason I 
did respond is that I knew that a message had been sent directly to that 
recipient, so you point is _very_ valid.

-e
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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'Barry Shein'" <bzs@world.std.com>, "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Short-term versus Long-term focus: A bit of economics ( was: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R utility?))
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In the earlier drafts of the draft-asrg-requirements-xx.txt output there was a 
consideration of a methodology for considering effectiveness.  This was dropped 
because many (or few) assumptions may be described that constrain the solution 
in some.  Thus this type of methodology was dropped in favor of proposals that 
enumerate the assumptions of the proposed solution (and the set of 'spam' 
problems that are being addressed) and the solution set described.

-e

P.S. I do think that the following is a valid approach to a basis set of 
assumption axes, though there may be other dimensions that could be considered.

On Monday, June 02, 2003 7:42 PM, Barry Shein [SMTP:bzs@world.std.com] wrote:
>
> Well, we could propose a simple, three-dimensional model for any spam
> solution whose axes would be:
>
> 	 1. Adoption (perhaps percentage of servers or clients.)
> 	 2. Spam reduction (percentage of spam)
> 	 3. Time (years or whatever.)
>
> and try to judge the merit of a proposal on that basis.
>
> Obviously one can't predict such a curve with any great accuracy but
> at least we'd be estimating the same parameters for discussions' sake.
>
> As an example, I think RMX would have a fairly steeply rising curve
> over time for Adoption, particularly if # of servers was weighted by
> the number of clients they represent (e.g., if AOL adopts it then
> that's a big jump), and then adoption would probably slow down a lot
> (i.e., early adopters adopt early and everyone else ignores it
> mostly), and the (measurable) spam reduction would be small to zero
> because I don't think it's a spam-reducer.
>
> Others no doubt have another opinion, but if accepted this might be
> some grounds for a common criteria.
>
> I'll dub it the "Effectiveness Axes" or E-Axes for short.
>
> --
>         -Barry Shein
>
> Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
> Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
> The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*
> _______________________________________________
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard  errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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OK, several requests are good enough for me. Data is posted.

There are 3 different spreadsheets at:

www.titankey.com/misc/logs/logScot.xls
www.titankey.com/misc/logs/logLes.xls
www.titankey.com/misc/logs/logPeter.xls

All 3 accounts are protected by The Titan Key. "Scot" and "Les" are
accounts that have been inactive for over a year and recently revived
for testing purposes.  The "peter" account is actually my own personal
older account.

Each spreadsheet contains several tabs as follows:

"Chart" is a chart of the attacks for the past 60 with a linear
regression trendline across the series.
"ChartData" contains a table of the values and labels to draw the chart
"PivotTable" is a pivotTable of the raw data used to collate data by the
day of the year
"Raw Data" is report of the  date, FROM address, To address, status
(internal), and day of year

I've purposely hidden the email "TO" addresses for my own personal
account as it is still active and there are privacy issues.  Scot and
Les have no privacy issues at this point as they have been inactive for
over a year.

I'm not a scientist nor a mathematician. My observations are only one of
a layperson that likes messing around with excel. I say the results are
officially "inconclusive". Scot trendline is going down slightly. Les'
trendline is going up. My trendline is  going down slightly.

Perhaps we can have the mathematicians and scientists provide qualified
analysis. If it would help,I can provide additional data such as IP
addresses and client hostnames.

Let me know what you all think.

Peter

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bob Wyman [mailto:bob@wyman.us]
> Sent: Saturday, May 31, 2003 7:16 AM
> To: Peter Kay; asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard
errors
> "improves" C/R utility?)
> 
> Peter Kay wrote:
> > I'll wait to see the responses and if positive,
> > I'll post off our Web site.
> 	If you're willing to post the data, I can't imagine why you
> would wait. This is a *research* group. *Any* real data is going to be
> welcomed by any rational participant -- especially if that data will,
as
> you suggest: "prove insightful". If you've got data, please post it!
> 
> 		bob wyman
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> Peter Kay
> Sent: Friday, May 30, 2003 8:06 PM
> To: Barry Shein; Scott Nelson
> Cc: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard
> errors "improves" C/R utility?)
> 
> 
> Good news:
> 
> We've been "dogfooding" The Titan Key since around Jan of this year.
If
> the group is interested, we'd be happy to provide database logs of
spam
> "attacks" against email addresses that return a 550. I can't guarantee
> all the data is "there" but it will at least prove insightful.
> 
> I'll wait to see the responses and if positive, I'll post off our Web
> site.
> 
> Peter Kay
> President
> TitanKey Software
> direct: 808-377-9221.  Web: www.titankey.com
> The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
> 
> 
> 



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From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
To: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>, "Barry Shein" <bzs@world.std.com>,
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Cc: "John Fenley" <pontifier@hotmail.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
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I think the proposal requirements are very good. I also think it will be
vitally important to clearly define:

1. what is spam.

2. what are the "subsets" of spam that will be addressed per 2.6

3. what is "legitimate" email per 2.8.


While we are looking into the eye of the storm with the above
definitions, I feel it will be vital that this group come to some
consensus as to what is spam and what is not.  If we can't clearly
define the problem we cannot hope to clearly define the solution, nor
can we clearly evaluate proposals.

Peter Kay
www.titankey.com
The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it is sent

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> Sent: Monday, June 02, 2003 4:51 PM
> To: 'Barry Shein'; bob@wyman.us
> Cc: 'John Fenley'; asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: Short-term versus Long-term focus: A bit of economics (
was: RE:
> [Asrg] TitanKey and "white lies"... (..."improves" C/R utility?))
> 
> I strongly suggest that the group review the proposed (draft-draft)
> requirements <attached> and see if they meet the goals of this group.
> 
> -e
> 
> On Monday, June 02, 2003 12:23 AM, Barry Shein
[SMTP:bzs@world.std.com]
> wrote:
> >
> > On the other hand, spam has been around for almost 10 years, and has
> > certainly been a major concern at public sites since at least 1997,
> > almost seven years ago.
> >
> > So, although a quick solution of some magnitude is almost mandatory
> > just to stop something major kicking over the entire chessboard
(death
> > of the net and all that), let's not completely rule out so-called
> > long-term, slow adoption approaches with 5-10 year horizons or even
> > longer.
> 8<...>8


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Is submission of a patent-pending appropriate for this list? Let me know
and if so we'll provide our info.

Peter Kay
www.titankey.com


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> Sent: Monday, June 02, 2003 9:02 AM
> To: Harry Tabak; asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track
evidence of
> previous work.
> 
> I am going to go through the mailing list archive and add everything
in.
> 
> Thanks,
> Yakov
> 
> At 02:51 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, Harry Tabak wrote:
> 
> >Yakov,
> >Your own post, "[Asrg] News Article - MailBlocks, Patents and Prior
Art",
> >19 May 2003, quotes an article about Mailblock and prior art claims
by
> >David F. Skoll and Brad Templeton.  Perhaps these claims should be
added
> >to your collection prior art for the Mailblock pattents.
> >
> >Reference to Skoll's work:
> >http://groups.google.ca/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-
> 8&selm=56luge%246on%40bertrand.ccs.carleton.ca
> >and the thread "[Asrg] Not again - another challenge/response
patent".
> >
> >Templeton's own page:
> >http://www.templetons.com/brad/spam/challengeresponse.html
> >
> >Harry Tabak
> >
> >Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >
> >>David,
> >>I updated the web page
> >>(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html) to include
prior
> >>art. If anyone else knows of any IPR information including prior
art,
> >>please post to the list.
> >>Yakov
> >>At 12:29 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, David Wheeler wrote:
> >>
> >>>Vern Paxson -
> >>>Thanks for tracking patent claims.  Could you also
> >>>please track evidence of previous work ("Potential Prior Art"),
> >>>so that those who are interested in potentially-invalidating
> >>>prior art can learn of them too? I think that would be very
> >>>useful information for anyone doing anti-spam research.
> >>>Hopefully, others on this list will help fill out any entries.
> >>>
> >>>Here are some potential prior art entries for the Mailblocks
patent,
> >>>I'm sure others here can add a few:
> >>>
> >>><p>
> >>>Challenge-response is simply an automation of the "Halt! Who goes
> >>>there!" challenge that guards have been issuing for millenia.
> >>>Thus, this patent can be challenged as a trivial automation of
> >>>previous approaches that have been used for millenia.
> >>><p>
> >>>In 1992, Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor of IBM
> >>>described a challenge-response system in which the sender
> >>>would be asked to process a particular solution before
> >>>the receiver would accept the email
> >>><a
href="http://research.microsoft.com/research/sv/PennyBlack/junk1.pdf">
> >>>[Dwork 1992]</a>.
> >>>This work was publicly presented at Crypto '92.
> >>><p>
> >>>On May 26, 1996,
> >>><a
>
>>>href="http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=4o8cqk%248ah%40dwst13.wst.
e
> dvz.sbg.ac.at&amp;output=gplain">
> >>>
> >>>Otmar Lendl (lendl at cosy.sbg.ac.at)
> >>>posted how to implement a challenge-response system using
procmail</a>.
> >>>This was publicly posted to the newsgroup
"news.admin.net-abuse.misc"
> >>>as the subject "Re: Unsolicited junk email from
exd48265@interramp.com",
> >>>message-ID &lt;4o8cqk$8ah@dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&gt;#1/1.
> >>>This was a simple script that accepted email that accepted email
> >>>if it came from certain sources or included a special password in
the
> >>>"Subject" line; otherwise, a challenge was replied back to the
original
> >>>sender.
> >>>This posting included the code to implement the approach, as a
response
> >>>to another query in the newsgroup.
> >>>Indeed, there are hints that others have implemented
challenge-response
> >>>systems far earlier as well.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>Hope that helps, and thank you.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>--- David A. Wheeler
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>Asrg mailing list
> >>Asrg@ietf.org
> >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> >
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 



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From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard
  errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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Date: Tue, 03 Jun 2003 00:11:37 -0700

At 02:21 PM 6/2/03 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
...
>I'm not saying it can't happen, but
>asking for a better reason than "it would be nice" and "maybe someday
>it will help somewhat."
>

Why do you want a better reason?  
Do you think the idea has merit?
Is it worthy of further investigation?
Would implementing it cause problems for the mail system in general?

>> ...
>> All these things are changes, and changes take time.
>> But the costs are small, and the potential benefits large.
>
>I'm made bazillions of low cost eventually high profit suggestions in
>zillions of areas over the last 35 years.  If even 10% of them had
>been adopted, we would be in heaven...or something.  I've long since
>realized there are two kinds of changes, those that I can make personally
>or that can be made by people I know and can convince, and very long
>shots that are almost always wastes of time to even talk about except
>while "shooting the bull."  
>

Is there some other topic you feel is more worthy of discussion?


>> Most spam isn't going to look like a challenge until challenges 
>> are wide spread. 
>
>Yes, and C/R systems are unlikely to ever be widespread.
>

I prefer to discuss the problems they can generate and potential 
changes that lessen the impact of those problems, 
even if the probability of wide spread deployment is remote.
Talk is cheap, and I prefer to try the cheap stuff first.

>> Even with a crypto-secure mail system, 
>> I can't see any way to prevent someone on whom you're dependant 
>> from abusing that and spamming through the whitelisted channel.  
>> My best answer so far is "If spam only came from the companies 
>> you dealt with, that's better than the current situation.".  
>
>On the contrary, junk mail from your correspondents "scales."
>

Assuming that they don't increase the volume of spam they send
based on their ability to do so.
But even if they do, still better than the current situation.

>Practically no one's correspondents increase with the size of the
>Internet (at least not this century).  
>
Quibble:  Most models I've seen suggest that the number of 
interactions increases as the cost of communication decreases, 
but it would be considerably more modest growth.

>The melt-down problem of spam
>would not apply if you only received junk mail from people and outfits
>you know.  Besides, when one of your whitelisted correspondents goes
>over to the dark side, it takes only a moment to fix the problem
>forever.
>

Maybe, maybe not.
Most people would be unwilling to de-whitelist their bank, insurance
company, or domain registrar even if they started getting spammed
by them.  The probability that an "important message" really is
important (to the receiver) is too high.  These companies are 
already stuffing other peoples junk mail in with the bills.  
I can't see any reason they won't do the same with email.
More responsive than the typical spammer of today, 
they'd probably limit the quantities of spam to below the 
average customers pain threshold.  No out right fraud,
or illicit come ons, but not an end to spam.


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
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Date: Tue, 03 Jun 2003 03:13:06 -0600

From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>

>The issue here, as almost always, is a trade-off between
>tactical short-term and long-term benefits. It is very much like
>computing the present-value of some quantity of money. For instance,
>what has more value? $100 in your bank account today? Or, $1,000 in your
>bank account in 20 years? The answer, of course, depends on what you
>think the interest rate or cost-of-capital is. Similarly, when thinking
>about spam, you can ask which is more valuable: A system that rapidly
>limits spam to 50% of its current level or one that eliminates it
>completely in five years?

>In my previous note, which suggested an objective economic
>analysis as the basis for deciding between a short or long term focus, I
>should have noted that it appears that the "cost of spam" is increasing
>at a compound rate. Some suggest that this rate is equal to as much as
>50% per year.
>Given compound growth in the "cost of spam", the present-value
>of any future solution is drastically reduced as the time to implement
>and deploy that solution increases. Similarly, the future-value of any
>short-term reduction in the cost-of-spam is drastically increased as the
>time to implement the short-term reduction is reduced relative to the
>time-to-implement the long-term ideal solution.
>I suggest that an economic analysis of spam argues clearly and
>unambiguously for the greater value of even the smallest short-term
>reductions in spam rather than more perfect solutions that may be
>possible in the long-term.

Your argument is backwards. The economic corollary is to a large debt that 
we owe. If we make the minimum payments the total debt will go down slowly. 
Even if we pay off half of the debt, the interest will still be there 
compounding what remains. If we fail to make payments greater than the 
critical maintenance amount our debt will grow. The best option is to pay 
off the debt as soon as possible. Only then will we be free of the 
continuing burden.

My original point was that there is an opportunity cost associated with 
putting effort into a direction. To maximize results the most effort 
possible should be directed in the most advantageous direction. The entire 
world seems to be working on short term, self beneficial solutions, and they 
seem to be producing a constant supply of these types of solutions. I feel 
time spent on longer term solutions would be of greater benefit in the long 
run than just adding to the existing supply of short term solutions.

John Fenley

==============================
I think this is a better economic model:
==============================
Consider the following situation: I owe $1000, and am being charged 10% 
interest compounded annually. If I pay $100 per year, I am only paying 
interest. I could pay $100 per year for 30 years, and still owe that $1000. 
Over that 30 years, the total cost would be $3000 and I would still owe the 
original $1000. Therefore paying the $1000 up front saves $3000 over the 
thirty years. Short term solutions are like paying the interest. The spam 
problem could go on indefinitely, and the sooner a permanent solution is 
found, the less total energy will be lost to combating spam.

I feel this is a more accurate model of the costs of spam, and it argues for 
a permanent solution as quickly as possible. We are not getting the interest 
as you implied, we will have to "pay" it until a solution is found.

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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> From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

> ...
> >I'm not saying it can't happen, but
> >asking for a better reason than "it would be nice" and "maybe someday
> >it will help somewhat."
>
> Why do you want a better reason?  

yes, that's what I asked.

> Do you think the idea has merit?
> Is it worthy of further investigation?

If the idea can be specified and deployed before spam melts the net,
it's worthwhile.  Otherewise, it's irrelevant in an anti-spam research
group.  My responsibility for your idea stops with my pointing out
problems that have apparently been overlooked.


> Would implementing it cause problems for the mail system in general?

According to my rule book "why not?" is never a design justification
and "nice" and "neat" are pejorative words when applied to a design
feature.  If "Will it do any harm?" is not a form of "why not?",
"nice," or "neat," it's not directly relevant to "will it stop spam
in the lifetime of the net?"  Is your purpose in advancing the idea
to fix the spam problem?


> >> All these things are changes, and changes take time.
> >> But the costs are small, and the potential benefits large.
> ...

> >realized there are two kinds of changes, those that I can make personally
> >or that can be made by people I know and can convince, and very long
> >shots that are almost always wastes of time to even talk about except
> >while "shooting the bull."  
>
> Is there some other topic you feel is more worthy of discussion?

Are we shooting the bull or looking for spam solutions that will have
significant effects with 5 years?  That's a serious question, because
it seems almost all of proposals made in this list are what Barry
Shein meant by testosterone ranting.  If this mailing list were about
stopping spam in our lifetimes, then not only would there be no
complaints that I'm not being "constructive" by pointing out lacks of
likely effects, obvious gotchas, irrelevance (e.g. measurements of
what spammers do today but could easily change tomorrow), but people
would self-censor ideas that will have no significant effects.  On
the other hand, if this mailing list is about proving that we each
understand a subject that the general public thinks is very mysterious
and quite important, then any sort of criticism is wrong.

"Research" is not a "bull session," no matter what TV and movie writers
might think.


> ...
> >Yes, and C/R systems are unlikely to ever be widespread.
>
> I prefer to discuss the problems they can generate and potential 
> changes that lessen the impact of those problems, 
> even if the probability of wide spread deployment is remote.
> Talk is cheap, and I prefer to try the cheap stuff first.

That talk is cheap is the fatal problem with most talk about spam
solutions.

Your notion of Message-IDs could easily be written as an "Individual
Submission" for an "Informational" RFC.  It would be more interesting
that most RFCs in the RFC Index, but in 5 years I doubt 1% of mail
would carry your Message-IDs.  Have you noticed the reference to
"Recommendations for generating Message IDs" in RFC 2919?  How does
your proposal differ from draft-ietf-usefor-message-id-01.txt?
http://www.landfield.com/usefor/drafts/draft-ietf-usefor-message-id-01.txt
seems to be an outlaw copy.  Notice its date.

(By IETF canon law, Internet-Drafts "expire" or go down the memory
hole after 6 months.)



> ...
> >On the contrary, junk mail from your correspondents "scales."
>
> Assuming that they don't increase the volume of spam they send
> based on their ability to do so.

No, it still "scales"

> But even if they do, still better than the current situation.

Yes, but spam would not be the problem it is without the "scaling" issue.


> >Practically no one's correspondents increase with the size of the
> >Internet (at least not this century).  
> >
> Quibble:  Most models I've seen suggest that the number of 
> interactions increases as the cost of communication decreases, 
> but it would be considerably more modest growth.

A "scaling problem" is one that gets worse with the growth of the net.
The host table had a scaling problem.  The size of a default-free
routing table may have a scaling problem.  Spam that grows with the
number of spammers on the net is a "scaling problem."


> ...
> Most people would be unwilling to de-whitelist their bank, insurance
> company, or domain registrar even if they started getting spammed
> by them. ...

> average customers pain threshold.  No out right fraud,
> or illicit come ons, but not an end to spam.

As others have said repeatedly, ending spam is impossible and not
a goal.  We can at most hope to end spam as a major problem.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track  evidence of previous work.
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Why the hell not?  We're a research group...any information is helpful.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Peter
> Kay
> Sent: Tuesday, June 03, 2003 2:57 AM
> To: Yakov Shafranovich; asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track
> evidence of previous work.
> 
> 
> Is submission of a patent-pending appropriate for this list? Let me know
> and if so we'll provide our info.
> 
> Peter Kay
> www.titankey.com
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > Sent: Monday, June 02, 2003 9:02 AM
> > To: Harry Tabak; asrg@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track
> evidence of
> > previous work.
> > 
> > I am going to go through the mailing list archive and add everything
> in.
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > Yakov
> > 
> > At 02:51 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, Harry Tabak wrote:
> > 
> > >Yakov,
> > >Your own post, "[Asrg] News Article - MailBlocks, Patents and Prior
> Art",
> > >19 May 2003, quotes an article about Mailblock and prior art claims
> by
> > >David F. Skoll and Brad Templeton.  Perhaps these claims should be
> added
> > >to your collection prior art for the Mailblock pattents.
> > >
> > >Reference to Skoll's work:
> > >http://groups.google.ca/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-
> > 8&selm=56luge%246on%40bertrand.ccs.carleton.ca
> > >and the thread "[Asrg] Not again - another challenge/response
> patent".
> > >
> > >Templeton's own page:
> > >http://www.templetons.com/brad/spam/challengeresponse.html
> > >
> > >Harry Tabak
> > >
> > >Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > >
> > >>David,
> > >>I updated the web page
> > >>(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html) to include
> prior
> > >>art. If anyone else knows of any IPR information including prior
> art,
> > >>please post to the list.
> > >>Yakov
> > >>At 12:29 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, David Wheeler wrote:
> > >>
> > >>>Vern Paxson -
> > >>>Thanks for tracking patent claims.  Could you also
> > >>>please track evidence of previous work ("Potential Prior Art"),
> > >>>so that those who are interested in potentially-invalidating
> > >>>prior art can learn of them too? I think that would be very
> > >>>useful information for anyone doing anti-spam research.
> > >>>Hopefully, others on this list will help fill out any entries.
> > >>>
> > >>>Here are some potential prior art entries for the Mailblocks
> patent,
> > >>>I'm sure others here can add a few:
> > >>>
> > >>><p>
> > >>>Challenge-response is simply an automation of the "Halt! Who goes
> > >>>there!" challenge that guards have been issuing for millenia.
> > >>>Thus, this patent can be challenged as a trivial automation of
> > >>>previous approaches that have been used for millenia.
> > >>><p>
> > >>>In 1992, Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor of IBM
> > >>>described a challenge-response system in which the sender
> > >>>would be asked to process a particular solution before
> > >>>the receiver would accept the email
> > >>><a
> href="http://research.microsoft.com/research/sv/PennyBlack/junk1.pdf">
> > >>>[Dwork 1992]</a>.
> > >>>This work was publicly presented at Crypto '92.
> > >>><p>
> > >>>On May 26, 1996,
> > >>><a
> >
> >>>href="http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=4o8cqk%248ah%40dwst13.wst.
> e
> > dvz.sbg.ac.at&amp;output=gplain">
> > >>>
> > >>>Otmar Lendl (lendl at cosy.sbg.ac.at)
> > >>>posted how to implement a challenge-response system using
> procmail</a>.
> > >>>This was publicly posted to the newsgroup
> "news.admin.net-abuse.misc"
> > >>>as the subject "Re: Unsolicited junk email from
> exd48265@interramp.com",
> > >>>message-ID &lt;4o8cqk$8ah@dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&gt;#1/1.
> > >>>This was a simple script that accepted email that accepted email
> > >>>if it came from certain sources or included a special password in
> the
> > >>>"Subject" line; otherwise, a challenge was replied back to the
> original
> > >>>sender.
> > >>>This posting included the code to implement the approach, as a
> response
> > >>>to another query in the newsgroup.
> > >>>Indeed, there are hints that others have implemented
> challenge-response
> > >>>systems far earlier as well.
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>Hope that helps, and thank you.
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>--- David A. Wheeler
> > >>_______________________________________________
> > >>Asrg mailing list
> > >>Asrg@ietf.org
> > >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > >
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > Asrg mailing list
> > Asrg@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
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Subject: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Trying to come up with the right place to shim in the CRI control headers.
It seems we can do the following:

1) Use SMTP headers: beyond the deployment issues, CRI is not limited to the
envelope and there are often many mail relays in the path that could remove
such headers.  We do not want to restrict mail clients from implementing
CRI.

2) Use RFC 2822 headers: we could possibly introduce a new field altogether
or use an optional field as spec'd in 3.6.8

3) Use MIME headers (registered or private): though CRI has little relavancy
with MIME.  Private headers can not become a standard.  There isn't such a
limitation on 2822 3.6.8

Thoughts?

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Tue, 3 Jun 2003 09:12:05 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Eric Dean" <eric@purespeed.com>

> Trying to come up with the right place to shim in the CRI control headers.
> It seems we can do the following:
>
> 1) Use SMTP headers: beyond the deployment issues, CRI is not limited to the
> envelope and there are often many mail relays in the path that could remove
> such headers.  We do not want to restrict mail clients from implementing
> CRI.
>
> 2) Use RFC 2822 headers: we could possibly introduce a new field altogether
> or use an optional field as spec'd in 3.6.8
>
> 3) Use MIME headers (registered or private): though CRI has little relavancy
> with MIME.  Private headers can not become a standard.  There isn't such a
> limitation on 2822 3.6.8
>
> Thoughts?

If the goal is to get a CRI protocol defined and deployed to stop some
spam, why do you care about the fact that private headers (presumably
X-whatever) cannot become a standard?

I thought you guys were clever to use MIME for more than one reason.
Pushing a new official RFC 2822 header (other than an ad hoc X-whatever)
through the IETF would take a year or more and you might fail.  That
you are sure challenge/response systems will be effective against spam
will be a weak response to Last Call criticisms.  However, I've the
impression that MIME headers don't have that bureuacratic problem to
the same degree.  That should be checked.

MIME in either or both directions might allow you to pass more data
than a header.  For example, do you have cryptographic authenticators
of either the challenge or the response?  What about an authenticator
of the original sender for the receipient/challenger's whitelist for
subsequent mail?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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To: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track 
  evidence of previous work.
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Date: Tue, 03 Jun 2003 13:43:40 -0400

I would suggest that you fill out the template provided on 
http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html just so we would 
have your IP listed for the record.

Yakov

At 08:57 PM 6/2/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

>Is submission of a patent-pending appropriate for this list? Let me know
>and if so we'll provide our info.
>
>Peter Kay
>www.titankey.com
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > Sent: Monday, June 02, 2003 9:02 AM
> > To: Harry Tabak; asrg@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: Tracking patent claims - please also track
>evidence of
> > previous work.
> >
> > I am going to go through the mailing list archive and add everything
>in.
> >
> > Thanks,
> > Yakov
> >
> > At 02:51 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, Harry Tabak wrote:
> >
> > >Yakov,
> > >Your own post, "[Asrg] News Article - MailBlocks, Patents and Prior
>Art",
> > >19 May 2003, quotes an article about Mailblock and prior art claims
>by
> > >David F. Skoll and Brad Templeton.  Perhaps these claims should be
>added
> > >to your collection prior art for the Mailblock pattents.
> > >
> > >Reference to Skoll's work:
> > >http://groups.google.ca/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-
> > 8&selm=56luge%246on%40bertrand.ccs.carleton.ca
> > >and the thread "[Asrg] Not again - another challenge/response
>patent".
> > >
> > >Templeton's own page:
> > >http://www.templetons.com/brad/spam/challengeresponse.html
> > >
> > >Harry Tabak
> > >
> > >Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > >
> > >>David,
> > >>I updated the web page
> > >>(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html) to include
>prior
> > >>art. If anyone else knows of any IPR information including prior
>art,
> > >>please post to the list.
> > >>Yakov
> > >>At 12:29 PM 6/2/2003 -0400, David Wheeler wrote:
> > >>
> > >>>Vern Paxson -
> > >>>Thanks for tracking patent claims.  Could you also
> > >>>please track evidence of previous work ("Potential Prior Art"),
> > >>>so that those who are interested in potentially-invalidating
> > >>>prior art can learn of them too? I think that would be very
> > >>>useful information for anyone doing anti-spam research.
> > >>>Hopefully, others on this list will help fill out any entries.
> > >>>
> > >>>Here are some potential prior art entries for the Mailblocks
>patent,
> > >>>I'm sure others here can add a few:
> > >>>
> > >>><p>
> > >>>Challenge-response is simply an automation of the "Halt! Who goes
> > >>>there!" challenge that guards have been issuing for millenia.
> > >>>Thus, this patent can be challenged as a trivial automation of
> > >>>previous approaches that have been used for millenia.
> > >>><p>
> > >>>In 1992, Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor of IBM
> > >>>described a challenge-response system in which the sender
> > >>>would be asked to process a particular solution before
> > >>>the receiver would accept the email
> > >>><a
>href="http://research.microsoft.com/research/sv/PennyBlack/junk1.pdf">
> > >>>[Dwork 1992]</a>.
> > >>>This work was publicly presented at Crypto '92.
> > >>><p>
> > >>>On May 26, 1996,
> > >>><a
> >
> >>>href="http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=4o8cqk%248ah%40dwst13.wst.
>e
> > dvz.sbg.ac.at&amp;output=gplain">
> > >>>
> > >>>Otmar Lendl (lendl at cosy.sbg.ac.at)
> > >>>posted how to implement a challenge-response system using
>procmail</a>.
> > >>>This was publicly posted to the newsgroup
>"news.admin.net-abuse.misc"
> > >>>as the subject "Re: Unsolicited junk email from
>exd48265@interramp.com",
> > >>>message-ID &lt;4o8cqk$8ah@dwst13.wst.edvz.sbg.ac.at&gt;#1/1.
> > >>>This was a simple script that accepted email that accepted email
> > >>>if it came from certain sources or included a special password in
>the
> > >>>"Subject" line; otherwise, a challenge was replied back to the
>original
> > >>>sender.
> > >>>This posting included the code to implement the approach, as a
>response
> > >>>to another query in the newsgroup.
> > >>>Indeed, there are hints that others have implemented
>challenge-response
> > >>>systems far earlier as well.
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>Hope that helps, and thank you.
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>--- David A. Wheeler
> > >>_______________________________________________
> > >>Asrg mailing list
> > >>Asrg@ietf.org
> > >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Asrg mailing list
> > Asrg@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> >
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Asrg mailing list
>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Tue, 03 Jun 2003 13:56:13 -0400

At 09:12 AM 6/3/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: "Eric Dean" <eric@purespeed.com>
>
> > Trying to come up with the right place to shim in the CRI control headers.
> > It seems we can do the following:
> >
> > 1) Use SMTP headers: beyond the deployment issues, CRI is not limited 
> to the
> > envelope and there are often many mail relays in the path that could remove
> > such headers.  We do not want to restrict mail clients from implementing
> > CRI.
> >
> > 2) Use RFC 2822 headers: we could possibly introduce a new field altogether
> > or use an optional field as spec'd in 3.6.8
> >
> > 3) Use MIME headers (registered or private): though CRI has little 
> relavancy
> > with MIME.  Private headers can not become a standard.  There isn't such a
> > limitation on 2822 3.6.8
> >
> > Thoughts?
>
>If the goal is to get a CRI protocol defined and deployed to stop some
>spam, why do you care about the fact that private headers (presumably
>X-whatever) cannot become a standard?

Inter-operability is a key, if X- headers are used (or MIME "x." type) then 
nothing stops someone from making their own ones. The whole point of such 
protocol is that it would be a standard that cannot be changes at the whims 
of some vendor.

>I thought you guys were clever to use MIME for more than one reason.
>Pushing a new official RFC 2822 header (other than an ad hoc X-whatever)
>through the IETF would take a year or more and you might fail.  That
>you are sure challenge/response systems will be effective against spam
>will be a weak response to Last Call criticisms.  However, I've the
>impression that MIME headers don't have that bureuacratic problem to
>the same degree.  That should be checked.

According to section 2.1.1 of RFC 2048, there is plenty of bureaucratic 
problems involved. I am assuming that we would want to register this MIME 
type under the IETF tree, if so the following from RFC 2048 applies:

"The IETF tree is intended for types of general interest to the Internet 
Community. Registration in the IETF tree requires approval by the IESG and 
publication of the media type registration as some form of RFC."

The MIME type would have to go through the standards process anyway. 
Additionally, all MIME types of type "message" which I am assuming will be 
used for CRI, have been registered based on RFCs (take a look at 
http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/message/).


---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header [correction]
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Date: Tue, 03 Jun 2003 14:02:58 -0400

On second though, after perusing the application subtree at IANA 
(http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/) there are plenty 
of MIME types that are based on Internet drafts and informational RFCs. 
Perhaps the bureaucracy would not be that much of a problem.


At 09:12 AM 6/3/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: "Eric Dean" <eric@purespeed.com>
>
> > Trying to come up with the right place to shim in the CRI control headers.
> > It seems we can do the following:
> >
> > 1) Use SMTP headers: beyond the deployment issues, CRI is not limited 
> to the
> > envelope and there are often many mail relays in the path that could remove
> > such headers.  We do not want to restrict mail clients from implementing
> > CRI.
> >
> > 2) Use RFC 2822 headers: we could possibly introduce a new field altogether
> > or use an optional field as spec'd in 3.6.8
> >
> > 3) Use MIME headers (registered or private): though CRI has little 
> relavancy
> > with MIME.  Private headers can not become a standard.  There isn't such a
> > limitation on 2822 3.6.8
> >
> > Thoughts?
>
>If the goal is to get a CRI protocol defined and deployed to stop some
>spam, why do you care about the fact that private headers (presumably
>X-whatever) cannot become a standard?

Inter-operability is a key, if X- headers are used (or MIME "x." type) then 
nothing stops someone from making their own ones. The whole point of such 
protocol is that it would be a standard that cannot be changes at the whims 
of some vendor.

>I thought you guys were clever to use MIME for more than one reason.
>Pushing a new official RFC 2822 header (other than an ad hoc X-whatever)
>through the IETF would take a year or more and you might fail.  That
>you are sure challenge/response systems will be effective against spam
>will be a weak response to Last Call criticisms.  However, I've the
>impression that MIME headers don't have that bureuacratic problem to
>the same degree.  That should be checked.

According to section 2.1.1 of RFC 2048, there is plenty of bureaucratic 
problems involved. I am assuming that we would want to register this MIME 
type under the IETF tree, if so the following from RFC 2048 applies:

"The IETF tree is intended for types of general interest to the Internet 
Community. Registration in the IETF tree requires approval by the IESG and 
publication of the media type registration as some form of RFC."

The MIME type would have to go through the standards process anyway. 
Additionally, all MIME types of type "message" which I am assuming will be 
used for CRI, have been registered based on RFCs (take a look at 
http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/message/).


---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
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> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> >If the goal is to get a CRI protocol defined and deployed to stop some
> >spam, why do you care about the fact that private headers (presumably
> >X-whatever) cannot become a standard?
>
> Inter-operability is a key, if X- headers are used (or MIME "x." type) then 
> nothing stops someone from making their own ones. The whole point of such 
> protocol is that it would be a standard that cannot be changes at the whims 
> of some vendor.

No, that is not the point of such a protocol, because the IETF does
not have an army.  The whims of vendors are not prevented by words in
documents labelled "RFC." The only people who really pay attention to
RFCs are programmers trying make things compatible and users, often
out of a misplaced religious reverence.  There are no "netcops" who
will disconnect non-conformant systems.  There have been and always
will be many cases where vendors have blandly ignored the clear words
in standards track RFCs.

More important, any vendor that wants to build a protocol with some
(other) X-header is always absolutely free to do so, no matter what
other protocols have been designed or are in use.  That is by design
and intent.  A stanards track challenge/response RFC or official SMTP
header would have no effect on anyone who doesn't want to play your
game by your rules.

The only effective purpose of an RFC is to document things so that
people who do want to play by other people's rules can learn what
those rules are.


> ...
> According to section 2.1.1 of RFC 2048, there is plenty of bureaucratic 
> problems involved. I am assuming that we would want to register this MIME 
> type under the IETF tree, if so the following from RFC 2048 applies:
>
> "The IETF tree is intended for types of general interest to the Internet 
> Community. Registration in the IETF tree requires approval by the IESG and 
> publication of the media type registration as some form of RFC."
>
> The MIME type would have to go through the standards process anyway. 
> Additionally, all MIME types of type "message" which I am assuming will be 
> used for CRI, have been registered based on RFCs (take a look at 
> http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/message/).

That is mistaken.  IESG approval and writing an Informational or
Experimental RFC is very quick and easy compared to getting consenus
in the appropriate WG for an official and so Standards Track SMTP
header.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Here is an informal C/R interworking system I have been working on lately:

I see 3 different types of C/R systems with varying levels of
verification based on what kind of information is wanted by the challenger:

1. Address verification. Challenge gets delivered therefore address is
valid.
2. Address + Message verification. Asks if system really sent the message
being challenged.
3. Address + Message + Human verification. Requires human response to
challenge.

These differences in motivations should be taken into account when working
to ensure interoperability because these types of challenges will take
different forms, and must be responded to differently.

1 is just an address probe. RFC 821 describes a VRFY command for this
purpose (does it work?). If this can be used I recommend it's use for
address verification to all makers of C/R systems.

2 could be done in SMTP time, but might be better done at the MUA. This type 
of challenge could be answered automatically at the MUA. This type of check 
would be useful to do to all messages, even ones for whom the address is 
already whitelisted as it essentially authenticates the sender, and spoofing 
a sending address becomes difficult or impossible, though there are 
tradeoffs, and another form of authentication would probably be better.
This type of check would also eliminate the possibility that a spammer would 
specify a random address to be challenged (see original message section) in 
the hopes that the random party would answer the challenge, and help a spam 
message pass through another person's system.
The challenged party should be able to say "no, I didn't send that".

3 must be done at the MUA. Hashcash and other proof of "x" checks would
require human agreement, and would fall under 3.

A person should only see challenge type #3 after the message passes type 2
verification.
This eliminates any advantage a spammer would receive from
faking a C/R subject to an auto answering C/R system, yet allows challenges
that require a human response to reach the inbox.



===============================================
The original message:
===============================================
The original message can have an optional machine/human readable top body
line requesting that the body either not be included in challenges, or that
it should be included. This line could be placed automatically.

This line can also specify an address that challenges should be sent to.
This will allow anyone to use an auto-answering services to automatically 
answer the
challenges (you send a cc: or Bcc: to the company so they can check #2 type
challenges), and allow all challenges received at an address to be deleted
without processing (except type 3 challenges requiring human response that 
come from the service, and could have a user defined subject line).

C/R systems should detect and respect this by never including the message
body if that request is made (even if a message checksum is not available), 
and
by sending challenges to only the address listed here (to clear up confusion
about which address to use).

===============================================
The Challenge
===============================================
I see the following as the minimum necessary to ensure that no loops form:

Standard Subject deformation such as the addition of "CR#:" for all C/R
system challenges where # corresponds to challenge types 1,2, or 3 in the
list above.
The rest of the subject should be unchanged (may truncate overflowing 
subject lines).

The top of the body should contain instructions for a human reading the
message, and outlining the mail handling procedure of the challenger in the
event of no response.

The date of the original message should be included.

A unique random identifying number to be repeated back in the response so 
that the challenger can know that this is truly a response to the challenge 
sent, and not a faked response sent at the same time as the message. This 
also proves that the sender can answer challenges sent to the challenged 
address.

A message specific identifier (such as an MD5 checksum of the body) so that
the challenged system can determine which message was challenged... the
entire body could be used, or the entire full message with headers could be
included.

===============================================
The Response to a "CR#:" message
===============================================
Once you have the right information, proper handling of the message is
necessary.

Messages with "CR(any #):" Should never be challenged.
Messages with "CR(1-3)" should be responded to in either the affirmative or
negative.(automatically if possible) The system should be smart enough to
realize when it doesn't know if it sent a message or not.
Messages with "CR(4-6)" should be Processed, and the original message(s)
should be delivered or deleted based on the response content, and the local
policy.

Responses to a challenge should retain the subject from the challenge with
one change.
The number in the "CR#:" tag should be increased by 3 to show that this is a
response to a challenge.
thus numbers 1,2, and 3 are challenges. And 4,5, and 6 are responses.
This should eliminate the possibility of loops.
If you receive a "CR7:","CR8:", or "CR9:" then a broken Challenge response
system on the other end would be detected. A "CR#:CR#:" Tag would indicate a
broken C/R system as well.


The identifying number should be included in the response.

And most importantly an answer to the challenge should be included (yes, no, 
or unknown, plus Hashcash work/human response) if one is required by the 
type of challenge being answered.

==============================
analysis:
==============================

These guidelines for C/R seem to me to solve a lot of the problems that C/R 
would have normally:

Relative simplicity of implementation guidelines.

Provides support for varying goals of C/R systems.

Automatic responses to some challenges are possible, and would not 
inconvenience the original sender at all.

Human responses are possible in old equipment, or C/R by proxy (for 
automatic response) could be used..

Does not rely on any outside protocols in order to operate as it requires 
only 2 way message transfer (does not require SMTP tweaks)

Header information not required.

Falsity in any part of the transaction is detected with C/R systems using 
this method (spammers cannot use it to help reach users unless they are 
stable enough to correctly answer the challenges themselves, and are thus 
easier to track down).

Loops are virtually impossible between C/R systems using these methods.

Address to challenge confusion can be cleared up.

Local policy regarding un-cleared mail is up to the user.

Is open ended enough that it could be used as an unlimited proof of work
system (semi-equal access to all regardless of
language/handicap/education/Etc...except CPU power)

If Choicelist is used, then mailing lists would never be challenged, and 
wanted automatic mailings would pass through this system with no problems.

Adoption population should rise rapidly as an auto-responding MUA will, most 
likely, be demanded by many senders after they receive only a few 
challenges. Such an MUA would probably be able to “play both roles” and 
challenge mail as well, thus creating a feedback loop of increased adoption 
pressure and C/R volume.


=============
Problems I see:
=============
widespread adoption would make it difficult or impossible to send or receive 
truly anonymous email.

This does nothing to combat spammer evolution. In fact spammers may speed up 
their evolution unless this evolution issue is addressed. I feel confident 
that “ADV:” whitelisting could provide a solution to this, and would end the 
escalating arms race against spammers.

=====================================================
Asrg Requirements from “draft-irtf-asrg-requirements-xx” addresses here
=====================================================

2.1
I have not yet searched the RFCs for support or contradictions
2.1.1
MD5 and hashcash are accepted and established systems, and I believe that 
randomly generated number comparisons are routinely used to prove that 
message delivery has succeeded
2.2
The burden falls mostly on the recipient for storage until delivery, though 
the sender would carry a small Checksum storage burden as well. The burden 
imposed on the challenged party is there by design in C/R systems.
2.2.1
Avoidance of the manual burden of answering challenges might spur adoption 
of auto-responding MUAs, and act as a support to adoption.
2.3
The proposed system would be mostly transparent for end users if an 
auto-responding MUA is used. Mail providers would be pressured to implement 
this system to remain competitive. This is a symptom of C/R itself, and 
interoperability concerns would be decreased by a standard framework to 
follow.
2.3.1
Not sure what atypical situations I should be evaluating, but in multiple 
party messages, each recipient would independently challenge the message, 
and the original sender would need to respond to each challenge individually
2.4
Only minor changes to most existing C/R systems would be needed, and 
deployment of new C/R systems is already progressing without needing a push.
2.4.1
C/R already exists, this method would just allow interoperability between 
them.
2.5
C/R would be interoperable under this method.
2.5.1
Old mailers are supported through Proxy Challenging to a service address.
C/R is already independent of SMTP, yet compatible with it.
I believe this method can be equally implemented  on all platforms.
2.6
The subset of spam C/R will be most effective against will be anonymous mail 
from unknown parties that cannot respond to the challenges.
2.6.1
I feel this interworking method is contiguous.
2.7
If C/R cannot be made workable then I see little hope for email.
2.7.1
Possible abuses are mentioned along with the solutions I have proposed.
2.8
Auto answering of minor challenges should be trivial, and would provide a 
minimal barrier to legitimate message delivery.
2.8.1
this method does not limit content types, though it may introduce 
significant delays in the delivery of email. Those delays are a part of C/R 
and the auto response capability mentioned minimizes that delay in most 
cases.
2.9
This proposal is not a C/R system, but a standard method that will allow C/R 
systems to increase their interoperability
2.9.1
This has attempted to provide a solution that any party can use, and find 
effective.
2.10
Legal aspects were not considered.
2.10.1
Patent law would be the only possible deterrent for this method, but that is 
being discussed separately
2.11
This method is a simple as I could make it.
2.11.1
People can easily understand C/R on a basic level.
2.12
C/r is already being implemented.
2.12.1
I believe these have all been addressed
2.13
This method may be effective on SMS and other messaging platforms.
2.13.1
Specific implementations for other platforms have not been evaluated yet, 
but seem possible to me.
2.14
Anonymity is reduced by this system, though through use of a third part 
challenge answering service anonymity may be preserved through masking 
challenge delivery through them.
2.14.1
Challenge forgery is addressed, and I feel solved.
Accountability consists of punishment of senders by possible message 
deletion if  a challenge is not received, and perhaps elevated status if a 
response is received.

Preserving anonymity, and allowing sender tracing seem like contradictory 
goals to me, and I can't think of any system that could do both well.
====================================================


John Fenley

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From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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I've been thinking about the various definitions of "spam" and thought
of another criteria which isn't necessarily mutually exclusive but
captures something important:

  Spam is e-mail from a source which is hard to impossible for
  the recipient to stop and/or reasonably prevent from receiving.

I think the loss of control is very much at the heart of spam and many
other attempts at definition dance around this somewhat.

We could add the usual unwanted, unauthorized qualifications to that
(I may not want to hear from my sysadmin but s/he's authorized, etc.)
but it would just make this note much longer and I think it's enough
to toss out the basic idea.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"... 
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Date: Tue, 03 Jun 2003 19:52:39 -0400

Barry,

This doesn't (yet) identify the economic issue(s).

If the definition doesn't make the DMA scream, it should.

It is also source-centric (and we know that sources "twinkle").

Eric
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This is good. I can see we will have several definitions of spam and we
need to. Spam is many things and certain technologies will have
strengths and weaknesses against each of those definitions. Once we have
a list of definitions we feel good about it will be much easier to
evaluate the the solutions.

Here's mine:

Spam is transmission of mass email without the prior explicit
authorization of the recipient.  


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine 
> [mailto:brunner@nic-naa.net] 
> Sent: Tuesday, June 03, 2003 1:53 PM
> To: Barry Shein
> Cc: asrg@ietf.org; brunner@nic-naa.net
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"... 
> 
> 
> Barry,
> 
> This doesn't (yet) identify the economic issue(s).
> 
> If the definition doesn't make the DMA scream, it should.
> 
> It is also source-centric (and we know that sources "twinkle").
> 
> Eric
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Tue, 3 Jun 2003 21:51:20 -0400

At 7:33 PM -0400 6/3/03, Barry Shein wrote:
>I've been thinking about the various definitions of "spam" and thought
>of another criteria which isn't necessarily mutually exclusive but
>captures something important:
>
>   Spam is e-mail from a source which is hard to impossible for
>   the recipient to stop and/or reasonably prevent from receiving.

Ungrammatical definitions provide no utility whatsoever.

If you are trying to say what I think you are trying to say, it's 
also neither necessary nor sufficient.

Spam is email which is sent without a well-founded belief on the part 
of the sender that he has the specific permission of the recipient to 
send that mail and which is substantially identical form to mail sent 
to multiple recipients.

In short: unsolicited bulk email.

I do not see why it needs redefining.
-- 
Bill Cole
bill@scconsult.com

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To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        Vernon Schryver
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On Tuesday, June 03, 2003 1:56 PM, Yakov Shafranovich 
[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> >I thought you guys were clever to use MIME for more than one reason.
> >Pushing a new official RFC 2822 header (other than an ad hoc X-whatever)
> >through the IETF would take a year or more and you might fail.  That
> >you are sure challenge/response systems will be effective against spam
> >will be a weak response to Last Call criticisms.  However, I've the
> >impression that MIME headers don't have that bureuacratic problem to
> >the same degree.  That should be checked.
>
> According to section 2.1.1 of RFC 2048, there is plenty of bureaucratic
> problems involved. I am assuming that we would want to register this MIME
> type under the IETF tree, if so the following from RFC 2048 applies:
>
> "The IETF tree is intended for types of general interest to the Internet
> Community. Registration in the IETF tree requires approval by the IESG and
> publication of the media type registration as some form of RFC."
>
> The MIME type would have to go through the standards process anyway.
> Additionally, all MIME types of type "message" which I am assuming will be
> used for CRI, have been registered based on RFCs (take a look at
> http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/message/).

The rigor of the Last Call and criticisms of a Standards Track RFC should not 
IMHO be a limiting factor on the work of this group.  The point would be 
whether a MIME type would be an appropriate methodology for addressing the 
'spam' problem.  This is not an IETF working group (as many have said).

As a researchy group perhaps the focus would be better placed on how such a 
MIME type would work and/or the benefits and constraints of using either a MIME 
type or 2822 ad hoc private header field (X-).  How such a content type would 
work is also a valid research area in addition to what effects such a construct 
would have on the 'spam' problem.

IMHO I would not focus on what the IETF process is at this stage OR if it is a 
must to you, I would suggest including it as a constraint or assumption that is 
addressed by the documentation of proposed method.

-e

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Re: TitanKey and "white lies"... (Faking SMTP hard errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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On Tuesday, June 03, 2003 8:50 AM, Vernon Schryver 
[SMTP:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> A "scaling problem" is one that gets worse with the growth of the net.
> The host table had a scaling problem.  The size of a default-free
> routing table may have a scaling problem.  Spam that grows with the
> number of spammers on the net is a "scaling problem."

Side note (again ;) - This is an interesting assertion.  Does 'spam' increase 
in proportion to the number of 'spammers'? Sounds like a "MAY", I think that is 
possible.  Does 'spam' increase in proportion to the number of recipients [read 
people eyes] accessible via the message transfer system, include here your 
favorite messaging technology, e.g. IM, SMS, Rim Pager, Palm?  Sounds like a 
strong case could be made, "SHOULD".

But the basis question is what is being 'scaled' the number of messages 
impacting recipients, the number of messages impacting the MTS or both? AND, is 
this a result or 1) the number of 'spamming' systems or 2) the number of 
'spammers' or 3) an relative decrease in the viable 'spam space' - valid 
recipient addresses available to some relatively constant pool of 'spammers'?

I only bring this up so that each of you may clarify your assumptions on the 
scaling issue.  Additionally, when I make reference to a decreasing viable 
'spam space' that is not an empirical or scientific assertion, but an 
assumption on 'spammer' practices.

Please clarify the assumptions relative to the 'scaling' issue, e.g. "Spam that 
grows with the number of spammers on the net" v. Spam that grows with the 
adaptability of address 'scapers'; Spam that grows with the number of 'known' 
legitimate mailboxes accessible to 'scrapers'; Spam that grows ...

Perhaps an analysis of these assumptions can provide some insight on what 
methodologies may be applicable to the reduction of 'spam' by imposing 
counter-measures against growth factors, e.g. poisoning the growth medium (I 
think that was the genesis of this thread).

Thanks,

-e
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On Tuesday, June 03, 2003 2:53 AM, Peter Kay [SMTP:peter@titankey.com] wrote:
> I think the proposal requirements are very good. I also think it will be
> vitally important to clearly define:
>
> 1. what is spam.

A good question.

> 2. what are the "subsets" of spam that will be addressed per 2.6

A suggestion from some months back.

On Monday, March 31, 2003 10:35 PM, Brad Templeton [SMTP:brad@templetons.com] 
wrote:
8<...>8
> As noted, the 4 problems caused by spam are server overload, ruination of
> mailbox S/N, creation of fear of putting your email address out, and dealing
> with both real and bogus complaints.

> 3. what is "legitimate" email per 2.8.

Yes another good question.

> While we are looking into the eye of the storm with the above
> definitions, I feel it will be vital that this group come to some
> consensus as to what is spam and what is not.  If we can't clearly
> define the problem we cannot hope to clearly define the solution, nor
> can we clearly evaluate proposals.

Agreed.

-e

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"... 
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Could you all and others please forward to me a brief definition of what 
criteria you would consider for spam.  I will attempt to conform the criteria 
and present that later to the list and as an addition to the requirements draft 
set of definitions.


On Tuesday, June 03, 2003 7:33 PM, Barry Shein [SMTP:bzs@world.std.com] wrote:
8<...>8
>   Spam is e-mail from a source which is hard to impossible for
>   the recipient to stop and/or reasonably prevent from receiving.
>
> I think the loss of control is very much at the heart of spam and many
> other attempts at definition dance around this somewhat.

On Tuesday, June 03, 2003 9:51 PM, Bill Cole [SMTP:aarg@billmail.scconsult.com] 
wrote:
8<...>8
> Spam is email which is sent without a well-founded belief on the part
> of the sender that he has the specific permission of the recipient to
> send that mail and which is substantially identical form to mail sent
> to multiple recipients.
>
> In short: unsolicited bulk email.

On Tuesday, June 03, 2003 9:30 PM, Peter Kay [SMTP:peter@titankey.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> Here's mine:
>
> Spam is transmission of mass email without the prior explicit
> authorization of the recipient.

===Some of the prior input.

On Saturday, March 29, 2003 2:18 AM, Brad Templeton [SMTP:brad@templetons.com] 
wrote:
8<...>8
> My current impression of the intersection definition is mail that is:
>
> 		    Sent as part of a mass mailing, which is to say some
> 			person commanded that mail be sent to more than
> 			a few hundred people
>
> 		    The recipient never solicited the mailing, nor has
> 			had voluntary contact with the sender in the past
>
> 		    Is commercial (Many people request this in the definition,
> 			but usually only if not including the mass mailing
> 			component, so this might not stay)
>
> 		    The sender has not been asked to stop mailing the
> 			recipient
>
> 		    If was not directly solicited (ie. is sent due to
> 			an existing relationship) the sender adheres to
> 			a reasonable and operational system to allow the
> 			recipient to ask not to be mailed again (See #4)

On Saturday, March 29, 2003 8:22 AM, David Walker [SMTP:antispam@grax.com] 
wrote:
8<...>8
> Messages of a commercial or pseudo-commercial nature sent using fake e-mail
> headers and/or underhanded techniques.
>
> Messages of a commercial or pseudo-commercial nature sent using legitimate
> techniques (no fake headers) or semi-legitimate techniques but sent to
> individuals who either opted out or never opted in to receiving mails from
> the sender.

On Saturday, March 29, 2003 9:18 AM, Jon Kyme [SMTP:jrk@merseymail.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> Well (referring to the charter) how about:
> A communication for which there is no consent given by the intended
> recipient.

On Saturday, March 29, 2003 10:52 PM, Eric D. Williams [SMTP:eric@infobro.com] 
wrote:
8<...>8
> SPAM - 1. Messaging in the MTS which violates best current practices for MTA
> providers to assure proper canonical representation of it's originator. 2. A
> message that does not reflect accurate information for its originator or that
> is transmitted with simulated information nominally used to trace origination
> [that's a tight squeeze as it ignores incorrect configurations].  3) A 
message
> with fraudulent tracking information that is in fact flawed at origination to
> obfuscate its origin.
>
> SPAMMER - A user, company or other end entity that engages in introducing 
SPAM
> into the MTS.

On Thursday, April 03, 2003 5:38 PM, Hallam-Baker, Phillip 
[SMTP:pbaker@verisign.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> 	Spam = Unwanted and indiscriminate messages
>
> Works fine here.


On Friday, April 04, 2003 8:55 AM, Jim Youll [SMTP:jim@media.mit.edu] wrote:
8<...>8
> I suggest, but nobody will listen:
>
> "Spam" - a generic term for a problem in electronic mail whereby
> people are receiving messages that they don't want to receive, and
> can't stop. The "spam problem" is very simply about the right to be
> left alone.
>
> "(fill in precise language here)" - suitable plain language for a
> particular type of sender, message, measurement or other thing
> related to the spam problem... one example would be "unsolicited
> commercial e-mail from strangers" which can be packed into 'UCE' when
> appropriate. "Spammer" is appropriate when referring to a generic
> class. "Stock scammer" would be more specific.

-e

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Bill,

BC> Spam is email which is sent without a well-founded belief on the part
BC> of the sender that he has the specific permission of the recipient to
BC> send that mail and which is substantially identical form to mail sent
BC> to multiple recipients.

Imagine a student who is researching a paper and hears about a number of
different people who might have relevant knowledge.

The student does not know any of these people. The means by which the
student obtains the names (and email addresses) of these people is not
through "mutual friends", nor public rendezvous mechanisms (such as web
pages listing addresses), nor anything else that might be construed as
giving permission, explicit or otherwise...

The student sends the same query for assistance to each of these people.
It does not matter whether the student sends a different copy (with the
same text) to each recipient or puts all of the recipients into the
address list of the same.

And there are many reasonable examples of scenarios, like this, which
qualify as spam, according to your definition, but would not qualify as
spam to the general community of email users.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>

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Folks,

Given the direction of this thread, here is a note I posted on the ietf
list's discussion of spam.

We really need to start appreciating the social impact that simplistic
definitions will have:


TH>  Spam
TH> is a social problem, not an engineering one. I contend that is why we
TH> already have a research group dealing with it (social problems are
TH> inherently difficult for engineers, thus requiring research to figure
TH> out). Focus the group on a tangible engineering problem, deployable
TH> authenticated email. Or as Vixie labeled the more generic, interpersonal
TH> batch communication system. 

The example of theft vs. locks provides a good perspective on both the
truth of your observation and the necessity that we take (appropriate)
action.

The key insight that comes from saying "social problem" is not that we
should do nothing, but that we need to have a shared agreement on the
details of the problem and the level of protection required.  And we
need to respond to it with appropriate, but limited, changes.

We are all quite comfortable making a distinction between the protection
needed for a home vs. protection for a facility holding a nuclear bomb.
We even are reasonably comfortable distinguishing what is needed for a
home in a idyllic "safe" environment versus one in a strife-torn
hell-hole.

No one believes that a house lock keeps out all intruders, and indeed
some do get in. But we *do* believe that house locks reduce the threat
to a socially acceptable level.

We have no such clarity or consensus about spam.

Worse, we *all* are seriously ignorant about solutions. Anyone who says
that they know the magic fix is blowing smoke.

First of all, there is not yet any existence proof for the reduction of
spam. Some interventions have reduced some aspects of spam, but the
total size of the beast has only been growing, and rapidly. There is a
key lesson here and it is mostly missed. The lesson is that spammers are
adaptable and -- as is true for all security threats -- raising the bar
keeps out the riff-raff but the truly serious attackers will develop a
different technique. In the case of spam, those serious attackers have
disproportionate leverage, because their software can be used by
less-serious drones.

More importantly, by saying "social problem" we are correctly implying
social *complexity*. Messaging touches core aspects of social processes.

No one knows how to "engineer" one property of a complex social process
without accidentally impacting others. And they key import of the word
"accidentally" is that these unintended consequences are typically
undesired.

This does not mean we should do nothing. Nor does it mean that there
should be no technical interventions.

It *does* mean that we need to treat this as an incremental systems
change process.

It *does* mean that we will need multiple types of changes, not just one
cure-all.

It *does* mean that we should approach those changes very cautiously,
even experimentally.

The place to start is with a modest, objective, operationalizable
definition of the thing we all agree needs to be handled differently.
So, let's not worry about the all-encompassing definition of spam. Let's
just -- hah! "just" he said -- target a single type of spam that is
massive and is massively offensive.

My personal favorite definition, these days, is

   Unsolicited Bulk Mail (UBE)
   
("Commercial" is too constrained, for me. I do not care whether the
message asks me for money, my vote, my religious affiliation, or simply
wants to share a bit of personal silliness with me.  In other words, the
detail of the content is irrelevant to me.  It does not even need to be
soliciting.)

Not all unsolicited mail is bad.  Not all bulk mail is bad.  But the
combination is universally reviled.

So we then need to define unsolicited properly. We must make sure to
permit me to make contact with someone for the first time. Not all cold
calls are bad; in fact they are essential to many desirable aspects of
social intercourse. We need to make sure that we define "permission"
properly -- as a kind of opposite to unsolicited -- and so we can then
enjoy wonderful debates about details such as double opt-in. And so on.
Still, I think the question of "unsolicited" is well-enough understood
to make it possible to get community rough consensus on a technical
definition that the engineering community can work with.

And we need to define bulk properly. This will be difficult. If I send
an unsolicited message to 2 people, does it qualify? What about 10
people, 100, 1000? Why? Why not?

The problem, here, is that I believe the qualifier "bulk" captures an
essential aspect of the problematic mail, so we can't simply drop the
term or say "anything greater than one".  Worse, the instant we choose a
number, the spammers will simply send batches that are one addressee
fewer than that maximum.

For that matter, the number of addressees per message might not be a
useful attribute, as marketeers have become good at tailoring content to
individual recipients, thereby producing one addressee per message. So
"bulk" requires considering behavior across multiple postings. Oh boy...

And that's why this is a research topic, no matter how essential it is
to to engineer some mechanisms sooner rather than latter. Let's do the
engineering and deployment, and let's do it quickly, but let's
appreciate that it is really research.





d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>

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> ... brief definition of what criteria you would consider ...

One is data collection practices. The collection of idendifier data.
Retention, purpose, access, etc., all follow.

Eric
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From: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>
To: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> wrote:

 >   Spam is e-mail from a source which is hard to impossible for
 >   the recipient to stop and/or reasonably prevent from receiving.

Nope.  Even spammers who honor remove requests, and can be easily 
filtered out (e.g., they start Subjects with ADV), are still spammers.  
Methinks the best definition is still simply UBE.

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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To: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"... 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 04 Jun 2003 07:50:22 EDT."
             <200306040750.22393.dja2003@hotpop.com> 
From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
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Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2003 08:20:27 -0400

Not to pick on anyone in particular, but an in-reply-to is useful ...

	acquisition of addresses (e.g., harvesting, sale)
	acquisition of delivery platforms (e.g., robo-hosts)
	acquisition of address blocks (e.g., /24 blocks)
	acquisition of journaling devices (1x1 gif references)
	...

None of these puts a byte in an inbox, yet.

Eric
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From: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>
To: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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"Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com> wrote:

 > Could you all and others please forward to me a brief definition of
 > what criteria you would consider for spam.

Short and sour: Unsolicited Bulk Email (UBE).  To make a short story 
long:

- If it's solicited, it's certainly not spam.

- If it's not bulk, each one may be annoying, but at least it's not 
annoying as many people.  B-)  More to the point, if it's "lovingly 
handcrafted" Just For You, there are only so many people the sender can 
spare the time to bother with.  Therefore they almost certainly have a 
well-founded belief that you (as a specific individual, not a member of 
some demographic) would welcome it.  Therefore they are at least able to 
explain why.  They certainly should, so as to avoid being viewed (and 
reported) as spammers.  (Take the "same text to a bunch of different 
experts to ask them something for your thesis" scenario.  Send each 
expert a separate email.  Preface the question with how you legitimately 
obtained the expert's email.  Add some flattery re why his particular 
work makes him well suited to answer your question.  This would neither 
be (IMHO) spam, nor seem spammy, even though the main content is the 
same in several different messages.)

- If it's not email (such as snailmail, phone, or SMS), it may still be 
annoying, but should probably be considered as a separate problem.

- Some would say it must be commercial.  As someone else said, I've 
gotten religious, political, "come look at my k00l web site", and other 
forms of spam.

- Some would ask whether the headers (or other info, such as removal 
address) are faked.  Although a lot of UBE does have fakery, much of it 
also does not.  This sort of fraud is IMHO another separate question.

To contrast with UCE, consider this scenario.  I'm in a group called the 
SCA.  I participate in its newsgroup, rec.org.sca.  The SCA has a major 
annual event called Pennsic, to which I've been many times but have had 
to miss the past few.  If someone sent me:

 > Going to Pennsic?  Stop by Honest Achmed's, in the Food
 > Court.  Mention this email for a free felafel sandwich
 > and cup of sekanjabin.

I'd assume he simply harvested me from r.o.s and report him as a spammer.  
Note how he's treating me as part of a demographic, not an individual.  
BUT, if he sent me:

 > I see from your web site you're in the SCA, and have gone to
 > Pennsic many times but had to miss the past few.  I hope you
 > get a job soon, so you can afford to go, and one that will
 > let you go!  When you finally make it, stop by Honest
 > Achmed's, in the Food Court.  Mention this email for a free
 > felafel sandwich and cup of sekanjabin, so you can see what
 > you've been missing for the past two years.

I would not consider it spam, due to the references to things that are 
fairly specific to me.  Sure, it's possible that he's got a list of such 
people (and thus might be caught by quantity detectors), but still....

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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What differentiates spam from any other e-mail I receive is its 
*irritating* characteristics which happens due to 2 things:

- repetitive nature
- content not interesting to me

If either one of the two things above is not present, then it doesn't 
bother me. Only when the 2 characteristics are present, then I consider 
it to be spam.

As such, my definition of spam is:

Spam = annoying message due to repetitive nature and uninteresting content.

Alberto Fraanca



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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 08:02:08 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>

> ...
> Imagine a student who is researching a paper and hears about a number of
> different people who might have relevant knowledge.

> ...
> The student sends the same query for assistance to each of these people.
> It does not matter whether the student sends a different copy (with the
> same text) to each recipient or puts all of the recipients into the
> address list of the same.
>
> And there are many reasonable examples of scenarios, like this, which
> qualify as spam, according to your definition, but would not qualify as
> spam to the general community of email users.

The error in that is common.  You are construing "unsolicited bulk email"
as if it were an aritimetic formula, effectively computable algorithm (the
formal notion related to "Turing computable"), or a statement in a first
order predicate calculus instead of a law or rule among people.

Consider the legal notion of "burglary."  It is not a first order
logical predicate but what a "reasonable person" sees as being in the
wrong place without permission and with bad intentions.  The fuzziness
of "wrong place," "permission," and "malice" is intentional and vital
and not a bug.

Look at "cracking" or "security attack."   There is no confusion there
(at least among us) despite the fact that the same set of packets can
be benign or an attack depending on circumstances.  We each act as
the legal word's notion of a "reasonable person" in that area.

If the student's query were "solicited" by its targets, then it would
not be "unsolicted bulk email."  If it were not solicited and it
involved what a reasonable person would consider lots of mail, then
it would be "unsolicited bulk email."   That "unsolicited" and "bulk"
are not defined legalistically and as a number is a feature instead
of a bug for the same reason that you don't say that every strange
UDP packet a "port scan."

It's odd how many people who are "reasonable" in the legal sense of
a "reasonable person" when confronted with a tcpdump trace or some
real mail but when talking about spam definitions turn into either
GFWs or Richard Stallmans of the 1980s demanding the inalienable right
to use any and all unused CPU cycles and disk space on other people's
computers.

(GFWs or "Goobers with firewalls" are experts with "personal firewalls"
who report "hacking" from the root's DNS servers.)


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 10:28:34 -0400

At 11:47 PM -0700 6/3/03, Dave Crocker wrote:
>Bill,
>
>BC> Spam is email which is sent without a well-founded belief on the part
>BC> of the sender that he has the specific permission of the recipient to
>BC> send that mail and which is substantially identical form to mail sent
>BC> to multiple recipients.
>
>Imagine a student who is researching a paper and hears about a number of
>different people who might have relevant knowledge.
>
>The student does not know any of these people. The means by which the
>student obtains the names (and email addresses) of these people is not
>through "mutual friends", nor public rendezvous mechanisms (such as web
>pages listing addresses), nor anything else that might be construed as
>giving permission, explicit or otherwise...
>
>The student sends the same query for assistance to each of these people.
>It does not matter whether the student sends a different copy (with the
>same text) to each recipient or puts all of the recipients into the
>address list of the same.

Oh, you mean survey spam?

Hypotheticals are a problem because one can hand-wave relevant 
details. Your ellipsis is telling. How DID this student get my 
address? That's an important bit of information, and one which you 
are treating as unknown in its details.

(and yes, I have in the past and will in the future treat survey spam 
as spam. In most cases it is not simply rude and unjustifiable 
unsolicited bulk email, it is also a terrible research methodology.)
-- 
Bill Cole
bill@scconsult.com

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To: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>, Asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2003 09:25:35 -0600

At 07:33 PM 6/3/2003 -0400, you wrote:

>I've been thinking about the various definitions of "spam" and thought
>of another criteria which isn't necessarily mutually exclusive but
>captures something important:
>
>   Spam is e-mail from a source which is hard to impossible for
>   the recipient to stop and/or reasonably prevent from receiving.

I think it would be important to note that it is AUTOMATED.

For example, if I get a letter from someone who thinks that because of my 
business, that they have a tool that I might be interested in and if they 
have typed the e-mail themselves and sent it to me then as far as I'm 
concerned it is OK.  It is OK even if I'm not interested in their 
product.  The fact of the matter is that they actually took the time (e.g., 
economic cost) to sort out who they were going to send their letter to and 
that they sent it to me based on their judgement that it was actually 
relevant to me.

However, much (most) spam is not targeted specifically and we get so much 
of it that it is overwhelming.  Personally, I don't think that it is spam 
in itself that is so much the problem as is the fact that it is not 
targeted and we are all overwhelmed with it. (I get several hundred per-day 
that I have to sort through.)

For example, if those of us who are programmers were provided with a single 
e-mail that advertised a C/C++ compiler that compiled what you meant rather 
than what you typed (and it actually worked) for those of us who are 
programmer's it would probably be greatly appreciated.  Why would it be 
appreciated? Because it would have great bearing on our business and it 
would save lots of time and money.  But if we received 1,000 of these it 
wouldn't be appreciated nor would advertisements for underwear (even though 
most people wear underwear -- making it relevant but not very relevant).

The key to all this is the economic cost either in time or money or ... 
that the sender went through to send it.  When there is no economic cost 
then we end up with a runaway situation such as it is today.

So, as mentioned before, I think the AUTOMATED word needs to be there 
though I can easily envision where mail sent in an automated fashion.

Also, one problem with your definition is that given a hypothetical 
situation where everybody actually unsubscribed you if you unsubscribed, 
there are too many potential mailing lists (one for each company world 
wide) that one would have to unsubscribe to in order to even fractionally 
reduce the amount of spam received.  (This is of course, ignoring the fact 
that there are a few spammers that send most of the spam.)

I don't mind people sending me something that is actually relevant to my 
wants and needs and I know it has been carefully considered and that 
someone on the other end actually took the time to compose a letter and 
send it to me.  I do mind getting inundated with tons (if bits can be 
measured that way) of irrelevant crap.

-Art
-- 
Art Pollard
http://www.lextek.com/
Suppliers of High Performance Text Retrieval Engines.

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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 08:55:53 -0700



> I think it would be important to note that it is AUTOMATED.

That is why I proposed unwanted and indescriminate.

The problem the user wants solved is unwanted email

It is not possible to solve that problem perfectly since there is no way for
the sender to know the user's intentions and there is a lot of ambiguity.
But that is the real world.

What the sender can do is to only send mail that is likely to be wanted.
Bulk email can be wanted, but it is very unlikely that more than a tiny
fraction of a million unsolicited emails for manhood enlargement are going
to be wanted. It is the indiscriminate side that is the problem.


Fixing on the 'bulk' aspect is only solving the problem from the ISP's point
of view. From the users point of view the fact that the email was sent to
ten or a million other people is irrelevant. The problem is that she does
not want it and the message was send indiscriminately knowing that this was
the case.

This also means that indiscriminate challenges sent by C/R systems also
qualify as spam.

It is easier to design anti-spam systems that block bulk mail. But I think
it is important that people don't get away with anti-spam mechanisms that
actually create spam.


Note that my definition does not work as a legislative definition. There the
issue is what can be measured and proved in a court of law. There can be no
'anti-spam' law, only laws that make certain types of spam illegal. Think of
legislation as simply another type of anti-spam software. Unsolicited Bulk
Commercial Email is fine for legislation, but that is the description of one
particular spam filter, not of the problem the users want us to solve.


		Phill
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From: Matt Sergeant <msergeant@messagelabs.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] Spam by industry sector
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Our latest intelligence report is out. As well as showing that spam is 
now 55% of the email we scan, we've done a breakdown of spam by 
industry sector.

Thought this group might be interested.

http://www.messagelabs.com/binaries/May031.pdf

Matt.

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Bill,

>>The student sends the same query for assistance to each of these people.
BC> Oh, you mean survey spam?

No, this is nothing like a survey. A survey is a formal, structured
measurement instrument.

I'm talking about someone trying to chat up some folk about a topic of
interest.


BC> Hypotheticals are a problem because one can hand-wave relevant

The hypothetical was carefully designed to highlight a mode of
interaction that is of *fundamental benefit* to human activity but would
be excluded by the simplistic, Draconian rules under discussion.


BC> details. Your ellipsis is telling.

Failure to appreciate the essential nature of the example is also
telling.


BC> How DID this student get my address? That's an important bit of
BC> information, and one which you

No it is not important. It does not matter at all.

Please focus on the nature of the communication, not the means of
obtaining the address. That was my specific point.



AP> I think it would be important to note that it is AUTOMATED.

We need a definition that helps us to create rules and software for
prevention, detection and disposition of spam. How do we detect that a
piece of email is automated?

One might argue that comparing hashes of the content are oriented to
this, but note that my example explicitly permitted identical content,
yet was not spam by any reasonable criteria.


HBP> The problem the user wants solved is unwanted email

This means either that the recipient must be able to characterize wanted
vs. unwanted in a way that permits an up-stream filter to distinguish
between them.

And the algorithmic basis for doing that would be...?


d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>

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At 03:30 PM 6/3/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

>[..]
>Here's mine:
>
>Spam is transmission of mass email without the prior explicit
>authorization of the recipient.
>[..]

 From the charter (http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html):

"The definition of spam messages is not clear and is not consistent across 
different individuals or organizations. Therefore, we generalize the 
problem into "consent-based communication". This means that an individual 
or organization should be able to express consent or lack of consent for 
certain communication and have the architecture support those desires."

Yakov


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  errors "improves" C/R utility?)
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Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2003 09:31:26 -0700

At 06:50 AM 6/3/03 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>> From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
>
>> ...
>> >I'm not saying it can't happen, but
>> >asking for a better reason than "it would be nice" and "maybe someday
>> >it will help somewhat."
>>
>> Why do you want a better reason?  
>
>yes, that's what I asked.
>

I didn't ask "Why, do you want a better reason?",
I asked, "Why do you want a better reason?"

Perhaps if I phrased it thus;

"Why are asking for an explanation of hope?"

Before I launch into a bizarre and probably hopeless off topic tangent
explaining why hope hasn't been crushed out of me even after many years 
of having my suggestions ignored, I'd like some assurance that I'm not just
confused as to what it was you were asking.  


>> Do you think the idea has merit?
>> Is it worthy of further investigation?
>
>If the idea can be specified and deployed before spam melts the net,
>it's worthwhile.  Otherewise, it's irrelevant in an anti-spam research
>group.  My responsibility for your idea stops with my pointing out
>problems that have apparently been overlooked.
>

You're not even responsible for that, and I am glad that 
you're willing to spend the time and effort to do it.
I might quibble about the style, but the function you are performing 
is IMO, vital, and I think you are doing an impressive job.


>
>> Would implementing it cause problems for the mail system in general?
>
>According to my rule book "why not?" is never a design justification
>and "nice" and "neat" are pejorative words when applied to a design
>feature.  If "Will it do any harm?" is not a form of "why not?",
>"nice," or "neat," it's not directly relevant to "will it stop spam
>in the lifetime of the net?"  Is your purpose in advancing the idea
>to fix the spam problem?
>
>

I've always assumed that it's sufficient that the balance
of good outweigh the balance of harm.  In other words,
I try to evaluate the cost/benefit of the suggestion.

The ideas were suggested as a possible solution to a problem 
that was raised regarding challenges - that most people have
trouble remembering what email they've sent, and that spammers
might therefore take advantage of the challenge vector to send more spam.

Since the suggestions are part of a larger system of changes 
involving challenge response, the "good" is dependant on how 
wide spread C/R becomes.  However, there is some good even 
without that, as I've already explained.  There might be more,
but it seems likely that those are going to be the biggest.

The next logical question from my perspective is 
"how much will it cost" (what's the exact amount of harm).

All changes have a cost, just by virtue of being changes.
(yet another way of saying "why not? isn't good enough".)
The cost here would be smaller than a normal change, 
since it's a proposed change to a proposed change, 
but I'm painfully aware that there will be an implementation cost.  
However, I'm also aware that it's easy for people (especially me) 
to overlook /other/ costs.
In particular, I wonder if there's some unobvious reason why
including messages-ids in a "in-reply-to:" header for a DSN is bad,
would damage some part of the mail system, not work over UUCP,
or ... well if I knew what else, I wouldn't need to ask.
Learning about these unknown costs is the most important from 
my perspective.  The cost of change is much easier to estimate, 
since change has been tried many times so there's a lot of history 
to compare against.


>> >> All these things are changes, and changes take time.
>> >> But the costs are small, and the potential benefits large.
>> ...
>
>> >realized there are two kinds of changes, those that I can make personally
>> >or that can be made by people I know and can convince, and very long
>> >shots that are almost always wastes of time to even talk about except
>> >while "shooting the bull."  
>>
>> Is there some other topic you feel is more worthy of discussion?
>
>Are we shooting the bull or looking for spam solutions that will have
>significant effects with 5 years?  
>


Both I think, and a lot of other things too.
Volunteer resources aren't limited in the same way as paid ones.
Having someone work on C/R doesn't detract from work on a taxonomy
which doesn't detract from work on RMX.  There might be a few people 
who are deciding what to work on based on the general consensus of
value, but mostly people only work on things they personally feel
are a good idea.  Convincing someone that their pet solution 
is a bad idea is more likely to result in them just going away 
than in them working on something else.  Unless they're pet idea 
is actually harmful, it's usually better to encourage them in their
folly than try and stop them.


>
>That's a serious question, because
>it seems almost all of proposals made in this list are what Barry
>Shein meant by testosterone ranting.  
>

As Theodore Sturgeon remarked, 90% of everything is crud.
This group doesn't appear to be an exception, 
but that doesn't mean there are no useful proposals being made.


>If this mailing list were about
>stopping spam in our lifetimes, then not only would there be no
>complaints that I'm not being "constructive" by pointing out lacks of
>likely effects, obvious gotchas, irrelevance (e.g. measurements of
>what spammers do today but could easily change tomorrow), but people
>would self-censor ideas that will have no significant effects.  On
>the other hand, if this mailing list is about proving that we each
>understand a subject that the general public thinks is very mysterious
>and quite important, then any sort of criticism is wrong.
>
>"Research" is not a "bull session," no matter what TV and movie writers
>might think.
>

Don't kid yourself, there would be complaints about your
behavior even if you were handing out twenty dollar bills and
telling everyone how nice they were.  People always want more, 
and complaints about not getting it seem inevitable to me.
Likewise, there will always be a broad spectrum of the clueless,
the hand wavers, the speech writers, and the chest thumpers in
any public group.


>
>> ...
>> >Yes, and C/R systems are unlikely to ever be widespread.
>>
>> I prefer to discuss the problems they can generate and potential 
>> changes that lessen the impact of those problems, 
>> even if the probability of wide spread deployment is remote.
>> Talk is cheap, and I prefer to try the cheap stuff first.
>
>That talk is cheap is the fatal problem with most talk about spam
>solutions.
>
>Your notion of Message-IDs could easily be written as an "Individual
>Submission" for an "Informational" RFC.  It would be more interesting
>that most RFCs in the RFC Index, but in 5 years I doubt 1% of mail
>would carry your Message-IDs.  Have you noticed the reference to
>"Recommendations for generating Message IDs" in RFC 2919?  How does
>your proposal differ from draft-ietf-usefor-message-id-01.txt?
>http://www.landfield.com/usefor/drafts/draft-ietf-usefor-message-id-01.txt
>seems to be an outlaw copy.  Notice its date.
>
>(By IETF canon law, Internet-Drafts "expire" or go down the memory
>hole after 6 months.)
>
>

I hadn't, but I have now that you've pointed it out.

The major difference is that my suggestions are in response
to a perceived problem, rather than a "wouldn't it be great if"
scenario.  I wouldn't be surprised though if no one used them
until after spammers actually started counterfeiting challenges,
and then counterfeiting message-ids.  Yes, I said I /hoped/ people
would adopt them much sooner than that, but with the possible exception
of challenge response systems themselves, 
that's not what I /expect/ to happen.

>> >Practically no one's correspondents increase with the size of the
>> >Internet (at least not this century).  
>> >
>> Quibble:  Most models I've seen suggest that the number of 
>> interactions increases as the cost of communication decreases, 
>> but it would be considerably more modest growth.
>
>A "scaling problem" is one that gets worse with the growth of the net.
>

Yes, and the best models I've seen claim the number of communications 
that are made increases as N log(N) of the number of nodes that
one might wish to communicate with, which means even normal communication
has a theoretical scaling problem as cost approaches zero, 
and the size of the net approaches infinity.

But that much more modest exponential growth doesn't compare to
the spam problem, which is growing at close to Moore's law rates.  
That's why I qualified it with "quibble".


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
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To: "Eric Dean" <eric@purespeed.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2003 14:00:21 -0400

At 09:43 AM 6/3/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:

>Trying to come up with the right place to shim in the CRI control headers.
>It seems we can do the following:
>
>1) Use SMTP headers: beyond the deployment issues, CRI is not limited to the
>envelope and there are often many mail relays in the path that could remove
>such headers.  We do not want to restrict mail clients from implementing
>CRI.

As I mentioned before, SMTP would be a good solution only for those cases 
when two C/R systems are inter-operable and there is a need for the sender 
to take the burden of storing the message. Otherwise, plain email should be 
used so us humans can read the challenge message.

>2) Use RFC 2822 headers: we could possibly introduce a new field altogether
>or use an optional field as spec'd in 3.6.8

Using RFC 2822 headers would limit the amount of information since each 
header is limited to 998 characters (as per section 2.1.1). Vernon Schryver 
(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05168.html) 
has already pointed out that MIME headers can store more information which 
would be a factor in case some kind of PKI signatures are used.. 
Additionally, some C/R systems might want to combine several challenges 
into one message and that would be awkward to do with RFC 2822 headers. On 
the other hand, if such headers are used for single sender-single receiver 
C/R headers are the simplest solution.

>3) Use MIME headers (registered or private): though CRI has little relavancy
>with MIME.  Private headers can not become a standard.  There isn't such a
>limitation on 2822 3.6.8
>
>Thoughts?

Some of the purposes of MIME as stated in RFC 2045 and look perfectly 
suited for us:

"(2) an extensible set of different formats for non-textual message bodies, 
(3) multi-part message bodies, and"

In our case we can utilize MIME to create a multi-part message with one 
part containing a human-readable challenge and other parts containing 
machine-readable challenges (i.e. non-textual message bodies). The 
advantages to using MIME is that:
1. We can include both human and machine requests in one messages, NOT 
limited in size.
2. We can include PKI signatures, hashcash codes, etc.
3. We can include multiple challenges and responses in one message.

I think that all three approaches are good and they fulfill different 
needs. I think all three should be used and we will allow C/R systems 
to  negotiate between themselves:
1. The basic CRI protocol should use RFC 2822 headers, with single 
challenge per each sender. This allows for easier use with existing email 
systems and non interoperable C/R systems. Such messages will have the 
regular challenge message for humans in the message body with additional 
information in the headers. Using custom MIME types can make email software 
choke and leave the information unreadable to a human being.
2. IF a C/R system is used by the sender, then it can identify itself 
either via ESMTP or an RFC 2822 header. Then the two systems can negotiate 
on the use of RFC 2822 headers, MIME headers or plain SMTP. This would be 
similar to the way HTTP clients negotiate with "Accept-Encoding" and 
"Content-Encoding" methods. This would allow interoperable C/R systems to 
use MIME and SMTP methods for cases like challenges to multiple senders, 
custom PKI, burden of storage on sender, etc.

Yakov  

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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In addition to what you have below, the C/R internetworking must define
how C/R systems respond to each other's challenges. For example:

1. The Titan Key (TTK) sends out an email to someone the first time. The
recipient's email is automatically added to TTK  whitelist.

2. The recipient does not have me on their whitelist, so they send a
challenge. But because their "FROM" address in the MAIL command is NOT
the sender's address, TTK doesn't have that address on its whitelist so
it sends a challenge to the challenge.

End result is that the TTK user never sees the recipients challenge and
the recipient never gets the email.  So what ends up happening is the
recipient has to go through their quarantine folder and pull out the
email.  The TTK user never gets the email because the challenge was
killed in the MAIL command. 

So, to me, C/R systems need to at least use their end-users email
address on the MAIL  FROM address in the mail command. Assuming that a
CR system dynamically adds a recipient email address to the whitelist,
the process would then go as follows:

1. The sender Y (SY) using CR system A (CRA) sends an email to recipient
Z (RZ) not currently on CRA's whitelist.

2. CRA dynamically adds RZ's email to CRA's whitelist.

3. RZ's CR system B (CRB) receives SY'z email

4. CRB sends a challenge to SY. The MAIL FROM address is RZ's email
address.

5. CRA receives CRB's challenge and since RZ's email address has been
already added to CRA's whitelist, the challenge passes through to SY.

6. SY responds to the challenge.

7. Mutual authorization to correspond is completed and email may flow.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Fenley [mailto:pontifier@hotmail.com] 
> Sent: Tuesday, June 03, 2003 8:21 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
> 
> 
> Here is an informal C/R interworking system I have been 
> working on lately:
> 
> I see 3 different types of C/R systems with varying levels of 
> verification based on what kind of information is wanted by 
> the challenger:
> 
> 1. Address verification. Challenge gets delivered therefore 
> address is valid. 2. Address + Message verification. Asks if 
> system really sent the message being challenged. 3. Address + 
> Message + Human verification. Requires human response to challenge.
> 
> These differences in motivations should be taken into account 
> when working to ensure interoperability because these types 
> of challenges will take different forms, and must be 
> responded to differently.
> 
> 1 is just an address probe. RFC 821 describes a VRFY command 
> for this purpose (does it work?). If this can be used I 
> recommend it's use for address verification to all makers of 
> C/R systems.
> 
> 2 could be done in SMTP time, but might be better done at the 
> MUA. This type 
> of challenge could be answered automatically at the MUA. This 
> type of check 
> would be useful to do to all messages, even ones for whom the 
> address is 
> already whitelisted as it essentially authenticates the 
> sender, and spoofing 
> a sending address becomes difficult or impossible, though there are 
> tradeoffs, and another form of authentication would probably 
> be better. This type of check would also eliminate the 
> possibility that a spammer would 
> specify a random address to be challenged (see original 
> message section) in 
> the hopes that the random party would answer the challenge, 
> and help a spam 
> message pass through another person's system.
> The challenged party should be able to say "no, I didn't send that".
> 
> 3 must be done at the MUA. Hashcash and other proof of "x" 
> checks would require human agreement, and would fall under 3.
> 
> A person should only see challenge type #3 after the message 
> passes type 2 verification. This eliminates any advantage a 
> spammer would receive from faking a C/R subject to an auto 
> answering C/R system, yet allows challenges that require a 
> human response to reach the inbox.
> 
> 
> 
> ===============================================
> The original message: ===============================================
> The original message can have an optional machine/human 
> readable top body line requesting that the body either not be 
> included in challenges, or that it should be included. This 
> line could be placed automatically.
> 
> This line can also specify an address that challenges should 
> be sent to. This will allow anyone to use an auto-answering 
> services to automatically 
> answer the
> challenges (you send a cc: or Bcc: to the company so they can 
> check #2 type challenges), and allow all challenges received 
> at an address to be deleted without processing (except type 3 
> challenges requiring human response that 
> come from the service, and could have a user defined subject line).
> 
> C/R systems should detect and respect this by never including 
> the message body if that request is made (even if a message 
> checksum is not available), 
> and
> by sending challenges to only the address listed here (to 
> clear up confusion about which address to use).
> 
> ===============================================
> The Challenge
> ===============================================
> I see the following as the minimum necessary to ensure that 
> no loops form:
> 
> Standard Subject deformation such as the addition of "CR#:" 
> for all C/R system challenges where # corresponds to 
> challenge types 1,2, or 3 in the list above. The rest of the 
> subject should be unchanged (may truncate overflowing 
> subject lines).
> 
> The top of the body should contain instructions for a human 
> reading the message, and outlining the mail handling 
> procedure of the challenger in the event of no response.
> 
> The date of the original message should be included.
> 
> A unique random identifying number to be repeated back in the 
> response so 
> that the challenger can know that this is truly a response to 
> the challenge 
> sent, and not a faked response sent at the same time as the 
> message. This 
> also proves that the sender can answer challenges sent to the 
> challenged 
> address.
> 
> A message specific identifier (such as an MD5 checksum of the 
> body) so that the challenged system can determine which 
> message was challenged... the entire body could be used, or 
> the entire full message with headers could be included.
> 
> ===============================================
> The Response to a "CR#:" message 
> ===============================================
> Once you have the right information, proper handling of the 
> message is necessary.
> 
> Messages with "CR(any #):" Should never be challenged.
> Messages with "CR(1-3)" should be responded to in either the 
> affirmative or negative.(automatically if possible) The 
> system should be smart enough to realize when it doesn't know 
> if it sent a message or not. Messages with "CR(4-6)" should 
> be Processed, and the original message(s) should be delivered 
> or deleted based on the response content, and the local policy.
> 
> Responses to a challenge should retain the subject from the 
> challenge with one change. The number in the "CR#:" tag 
> should be increased by 3 to show that this is a response to a 
> challenge. thus numbers 1,2, and 3 are challenges. And 4,5, 
> and 6 are responses. This should eliminate the possibility of 
> loops. If you receive a "CR7:","CR8:", or "CR9:" then a 
> broken Challenge response system on the other end would be 
> detected. A "CR#:CR#:" Tag would indicate a broken C/R system as well.
> 
> 
> The identifying number should be included in the response.
> 
> And most importantly an answer to the challenge should be 
> included (yes, no, 
> or unknown, plus Hashcash work/human response) if one is 
> required by the 
> type of challenge being answered.
> 
> ==============================
> analysis:
> ==============================
> 
> These guidelines for C/R seem to me to solve a lot of the 
> problems that C/R 
> would have normally:
> 
> Relative simplicity of implementation guidelines.
> 
> Provides support for varying goals of C/R systems.
> 
> Automatic responses to some challenges are possible, and would not 
> inconvenience the original sender at all.
> 
> Human responses are possible in old equipment, or C/R by proxy (for 
> automatic response) could be used..
> 
> Does not rely on any outside protocols in order to operate as 
> it requires 
> only 2 way message transfer (does not require SMTP tweaks)
> 
> Header information not required.
> 
> Falsity in any part of the transaction is detected with C/R 
> systems using 
> this method (spammers cannot use it to help reach users 
> unless they are 
> stable enough to correctly answer the challenges themselves, 
> and are thus 
> easier to track down).
> 
> Loops are virtually impossible between C/R systems using 
> these methods.
> 
> Address to challenge confusion can be cleared up.
> 
> Local policy regarding un-cleared mail is up to the user.
> 
> Is open ended enough that it could be used as an unlimited 
> proof of work system (semi-equal access to all regardless of 
> language/handicap/education/Etc...except CPU power)
> 
> If Choicelist is used, then mailing lists would never be 
> challenged, and 
> wanted automatic mailings would pass through this system with 
> no problems.
> 
> Adoption population should rise rapidly as an auto-responding 
> MUA will, most 
> likely, be demanded by many senders after they receive only a few 
> challenges. Such an MUA would probably be able to ?play both 
> roles? and 
> challenge mail as well, thus creating a feedback loop of 
> increased adoption 
> pressure and C/R volume.
> 
> 
> =============
> Problems I see:
> =============
> widespread adoption would make it difficult or impossible to 
> send or receive 
> truly anonymous email.
> 
> This does nothing to combat spammer evolution. In fact 
> spammers may speed up 
> their evolution unless this evolution issue is addressed. I 
> feel confident 
> that ?ADV:? whitelisting could provide a solution to this, 
> and would end the 
> escalating arms race against spammers.
> 
> =====================================================
> Asrg Requirements from ?draft-irtf-asrg-requirements-xx? 
> addresses here =====================================================
> 
> 2.1
> I have not yet searched the RFCs for support or 
> contradictions 2.1.1 MD5 and hashcash are accepted and 
> established systems, and I believe that 
> randomly generated number comparisons are routinely used to 
> prove that 
> message delivery has succeeded
> 2.2
> The burden falls mostly on the recipient for storage until 
> delivery, though 
> the sender would carry a small Checksum storage burden as 
> well. The burden 
> imposed on the challenged party is there by design in C/R 
> systems. 2.2.1 Avoidance of the manual burden of answering 
> challenges might spur adoption 
> of auto-responding MUAs, and act as a support to adoption.
> 2.3
> The proposed system would be mostly transparent for end users if an 
> auto-responding MUA is used. Mail providers would be 
> pressured to implement 
> this system to remain competitive. This is a symptom of C/R 
> itself, and 
> interoperability concerns would be decreased by a standard 
> framework to 
> follow.
> 2.3.1
> Not sure what atypical situations I should be evaluating, but 
> in multiple 
> party messages, each recipient would independently challenge 
> the message, 
> and the original sender would need to respond to each 
> challenge individually 2.4 Only minor changes to most 
> existing C/R systems would be needed, and 
> deployment of new C/R systems is already progressing without 
> needing a push. 2.4.1 C/R already exists, this method would 
> just allow interoperability between 
> them.
> 2.5
> C/R would be interoperable under this method.
> 2.5.1
> Old mailers are supported through Proxy Challenging to a 
> service address. C/R is already independent of SMTP, yet 
> compatible with it. I believe this method can be equally 
> implemented  on all platforms. 2.6 The subset of spam C/R 
> will be most effective against will be anonymous mail 
> from unknown parties that cannot respond to the challenges. 
> 2.6.1 I feel this interworking method is contiguous. 2.7 If 
> C/R cannot be made workable then I see little hope for email. 
> 2.7.1 Possible abuses are mentioned along with the solutions 
> I have proposed. 2.8 Auto answering of minor challenges 
> should be trivial, and would provide a 
> minimal barrier to legitimate message delivery.
> 2.8.1
> this method does not limit content types, though it may introduce 
> significant delays in the delivery of email. Those delays are 
> a part of C/R 
> and the auto response capability mentioned minimizes that 
> delay in most 
> cases.
> 2.9
> This proposal is not a C/R system, but a standard method that 
> will allow C/R 
> systems to increase their interoperability
> 2.9.1
> This has attempted to provide a solution that any party can 
> use, and find 
> effective.
> 2.10
> Legal aspects were not considered.
> 2.10.1
> Patent law would be the only possible deterrent for this 
> method, but that is 
> being discussed separately
> 2.11
> This method is a simple as I could make it.
> 2.11.1
> People can easily understand C/R on a basic level.
> 2.12
> C/r is already being implemented.
> 2.12.1
> I believe these have all been addressed
> 2.13
> This method may be effective on SMS and other messaging 
> platforms. 2.13.1 Specific implementations for other 
> platforms have not been evaluated yet, 
> but seem possible to me.
> 2.14
> Anonymity is reduced by this system, though through use of a 
> third part 
> challenge answering service anonymity may be preserved 
> through masking 
> challenge delivery through them.
> 2.14.1
> Challenge forgery is addressed, and I feel solved. 
> Accountability consists of punishment of senders by possible message 
> deletion if  a challenge is not received, and perhaps 
> elevated status if a 
> response is received.
> 
> Preserving anonymity, and allowing sender tracing seem like 
> contradictory 
> goals to me, and I can't think of any system that could do 
> both well. ====================================================
> 
> 
> John Fenley
> 
> _________________________________________________________________
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> 


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To: "John Fenley" <pontifier@hotmail.com>, asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2003 14:11:53 -0400

At 12:21 PM 6/3/2003 -0600, John Fenley wrote:

>Here is an informal C/R interworking system I have been working on lately:
>
>I see 3 different types of C/R systems with varying levels of
>verification based on what kind of information is wanted by the challenger:
>
>1. Address verification. Challenge gets delivered therefore address is
>valid.
>2. Address + Message verification. Asks if system really sent the message
>being challenged.
>3. Address + Message + Human verification. Requires human response to
>challenge.
>
>These differences in motivations should be taken into account when working
>to ensure interoperability because these types of challenges will take
>different forms, and must be responded to differently.

Eric Dean's draft primarily concentrates on the first two items.

>1 is just an address probe. RFC 821 describes a VRFY command for this
>purpose (does it work?). If this can be used I recommend it's use for
>address verification to all makers of C/R systems.

RFC 2505, section 2.11:

"Both SMTP VRFY and EXPN provide means for a potential spammer to test 
whether the addresses on his list are valid (VRFY) and even get more 
addresses (EXPN). Therefore, the MTA SHOULD control who is is allowed to 
issue these commands. This may be "on/off" or it may use access lists 
similar to those mentioned previously."

The main problem with VRFY is that it allows the spammer to verify addresses.

>2 could be done in SMTP time, but might be better done at the MUA. This 
>type of challenge could be answered automatically at the MUA. This type of 
>check would be useful to do to all messages, even ones for whom the 
>address is already whitelisted as it essentially authenticates the sender, 
>and spoofing a sending address becomes difficult or impossible, though 
>there are tradeoffs, and another form of authentication would probably be 
>better.
>This type of check would also eliminate the possibility that a spammer 
>would specify a random address to be challenged (see original message 
>section) in the hopes that the random party would answer the challenge, 
>and help a spam message pass through another person's system.
>The challenged party should be able to say "no, I didn't send that".

This would require the sender to keep track of all sent email. This raises 
some privacy issues and generally increases the burden on the receiver.

>3 must be done at the MUA. Hashcash and other proof of "x" checks would
>require human agreement, and would fall under 3.
>
>A person should only see challenge type #3 after the message passes type 2
>verification.
>This eliminates any advantage a spammer would receive from
>faking a C/R subject to an auto answering C/R system, yet allows challenges
>that require a human response to reach the inbox.
>
>[..]
>===============================================
>The Challenge
>===============================================
>I see the following as the minimum necessary to ensure that no loops form:
>
>Standard Subject deformation such as the addition of "CR#:" for all C/R
>system challenges where # corresponds to challenge types 1,2, or 3 in the
>list above.
>The rest of the subject should be unchanged (may truncate overflowing 
>subject lines).

What stops spammers for using CR subjects in order to bypass C/R systems?

>The top of the body should contain instructions for a human reading the
>message, and outlining the mail handling procedure of the challenger in the
>event of no response.
>
>The date of the original message should be included.
>
>A unique random identifying number to be repeated back in the response so 
>that the challenger can know that this is truly a response to the 
>challenge sent, and not a faked response sent at the same time as the 
>message. This also proves that the sender can answer challenges sent to 
>the challenged address.
>
>A message specific identifier (such as an MD5 checksum of the body) so that
>the challenged system can determine which message was challenged... the
>entire body could be used, or the entire full message with headers could be
>included.

Checksums are better, anything else would have privacy implications. 

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> 
> My personal favorite definition, these days, is
> 
>    Unsolicited Bulk Mail (UBE)
>    

This is good, short and simple.  

> 
> And we need to define bulk properly. This will be difficult. 
> If I send an unsolicited message to 2 people, does it 
> qualify? What about 10 people, 100, 1000? Why? Why not?
> 

To me, BULK email is email which is programmatically sent out to > 1
person. Programmatically here means by means of automated systems, i.e.
mailmerge processes. So, yes, if I do a copy/paste of my entire contact
list, paste them in my email, and announce my new company, I'm doing
bulk email.   

> So we then need to define unsolicited properly. We must make 
> sure to permit me to make contact with someone for the first 
> time. Not all cold calls are bad; in fact they are essential 
> to many desirable aspects of social intercourse. We need to 
> make sure that we define "permission" properly -- as a kind 
> of opposite to unsolicited -- and so we can then enjoy 
> wonderful debates about details such as double opt-in. And so 
> on. Still, I think the question of "unsolicited" is 
> well-enough understood to make it possible to get community 
> rough consensus on a technical definition that the 
> engineering community can work with.
> 

A definition of UNSOLICITED, I believe, is the core of the issue and the
problem, primarily because it will force us to address the eye of the
storm: 

is Internet email inherently trusted or is it untrusted?

Is email considered unsolicited until the recipient decides it is
solicited? Or is it considered solicited until the recipient decides it
is unsolicited?

I think this is the big question, ladies.

And I would say that today's spam problem is because SMTP was born in an
environment where email was inherently trusted. SMTP protocol is AWASH
with trusted processes.  Not the least of which is clear text
transmission.

But because the Internet went commercial, suddenly SMTP found itself in
an environment where email (IMHO) is inherently untrusted.  And spam is
what you get when you put a protocol meant for scholars and scientists
in the hands of capitalists.

Peter


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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 14:53:14 -0400

At 10:16 AM -0700 6/4/03, Hallam-Baker, Phillip  imposed structure on 
a stream of electrons, yielding:
>>  >>The student sends the same query for assistance to each of
>>  these people.
>>  BC> Oh, you mean survey spam?
>>
>>  No, this is nothing like a survey. A survey is a formal, structured
>>  measurement instrument.
>
>Actually that raises a point here, we want to allow reasonable surveys (for
>some definition of reasonable)

Yes.
I have a sneaking suspicion that your definition of reasonableness is 
quite different from mine. I would define a reasonable survey as one 
where the respondent has verifiably asked to be sent surveys from the 
surveying party.

The perfect example of this problem is Harris. They used to spam to 
conduct their polls. They claim (and indeed seem) to have ceased 
using spam, even though the result is that they are now polling 
people who choose to be polled.

>but you want to ban push polls where there is
>no actual interest in soliciting opinion, the purpose is to spread
>information or a political position "Do you believe that the tax cut that
>gives 99% of its benefits to rich Texas oilmen is fair or unfairly benefits
>the rich"
>
>There is no way for the end recipient to know the difference.

Which points out again that it is a bad idea to try to view spam as a 
content issue instead of a simple consent issue.

>>  I'm talking about someone trying to chat up some folk about a topic of
>>  interest.
>
>I think it is reasonable to poll larger groups, provided that there number
>of surveys sent is no more than is necessary for reasonable statistical
>accuracy and the subject is something the recipients are at least likely to
>not object to.

I feel no guilt for having damaged the academic careers of at least 2 
onetime PhD candidates clueless enough to have tried that bit of 
stupidity.

>I don't see why we should stop classes of high school kids doing Internet
>surveys for class projects. But there is no reason each high school should
>poll the entire net.

I like the simple reason that high school students should not be 
taught to use intrinsically flawed research methods which have 
built-in validity problems and steal resources from every potential 
respondent, even the ones who do not want to participate.

[...]>
>Also a jury of spam monitors could give a verdict on the conduct of an
>alleged spam sender and revoke a credential on the basis of that definition.
>
>
>[ObDisclosure, VeriSign Inc. has pending patent claims that may cover
>certain implementations of such a scheme]
>[ObFact, Filing a patent claim is empirically the only way to prevent the
>USPTO granting a patent to another party, so don't get tweaked yet]

My disclosure: I do no business with Verisign and regularly recommend 
that others do no business with Verisign.

Care to guess why?

The concept of Verisign running any sort of anti-spam system is mind-boggling.
-- 
Bill Cole
bill@scconsult.com

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306041902.h54J26Yn006499@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: Asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 13:02:06 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Art Pollard <pollarda@lextek.com>

> ...
> >   Spam is e-mail from a source which is hard to impossible for
> >   the recipient to stop and/or reasonably prevent from receiving.
>
> I think it would be important to note that it is AUTOMATED.
> ...

If a someone hired 100,000 people to manually type copies and individually
send 100 substantially identical messages/day, would that be spam?
In other words, I bet your statement is wrong and that what you really
care about is "bulk."  In practice "AUTOMATED" and "bulk" go together
in spam, but it's the "bulk" that matters and how the stuff is produced.

This is related to the fact that "commercial" or "advertising" is not
a good characterization of "spam," although in practice almost all of
the mail that you would label as "spam" is flogging something.

We could try to define "burglary" more precisely than being where you
don't have permission for a malicious purpose, but that would be a
big mistake.  We could define "burglarly tools" as all screw drivers
and crowbars or never as screw drivers or crowbars, but either choice
would be bad.  You can literally be convicted in the U.S. of "possessions
of burglary tools" for having a screw driver in your car and without
being convicted or even charged with burglary (my wife served on a
jury in such a case).  On balance, this fuzziness is a good albeit
imperfect thing.

That "burglary" is fuzzy does not hinder technical defenses against
it including guards and alarms.  Defining spam as "unsolicited bulk
email" without getting legalistic about the words (e.g. is SMS email?
what about x.400 or UUCP mail?) does not stop us from producing
effective if imperfect spam defenses.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306041911.h54JBs8g009875@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 13:11:54 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> The main problem with VRFY is that it allows the spammer to verify addresses.
> ...

This is a minor issue, but pleast note that the main problem with VRFY
is that many and perhaps most SMTP servers have it turned off.  No
one with the faintest familiarity with how spam, spam filters, and
even general STMP installation testing today uses VRFY.  Instead we
all do what the spammers do many 10's of millions and perhaps billions
of times every day.  Instead of sending the sequence of SMTP commands

   HELO
   VRFY

we send

   HELO
   MAIL From
   RCPT To

The result of the second sequence is not perfect (e.g with Yahoo),
but it is far more likely to work than the first.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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From: Rob Cameron <cameron@cs.sfu.ca>
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Subject: [Asrg] Spam as a symptom of sender/recipient imbalance.
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 12:27:27 -0700
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In tackling the definition of spam, perhaps it would be useful to
have a somewhat different view in which spam is considered
a symptom of a deeper problem.   

Here is a statement I have been using to motivate e-mail research
work here at SFU.

"Current e-mail standards create an imbalance between senders 
and recipients, providing senders with the power to capture the 
attention of any recipient they so desire, while giving recipients little
control over what appears in their inbox. The imbalance becomes 
most severe when the sender is a computer program sending out 
bulk unsolicited e-mail (spam)."

The notion of sender/recipient imbalance then becomes a theory
that at once helps explain spam and also predicts that the
problem of spam may be mitigated by addressing the imbalance.
The two general ways of doing this are: (a) reducing the power of 
senders and (b) increasing the power of recipients.   Most
anti-spam proposals can be characterized as addressing one 
or both of these objectives, typically at the MTA or network
infrastructure level for approach (a) or at the MUA level for 
approach (b).

Focussing on the sender/recipient imbalance may help avoid
value judgments/arguments as to whether a particular instance
of annoying e-mail is or is not spam.   As many have pointed
out, there is a large grey area.   Care must be taken to avoid
moving into this grey area in deploying MTA or network-level
approaches that either classify messages as spam or senders
as spammers.    But if these classification approaches are
augmented by other means that address the sender/recipient
imbalance, then there may be no need to move into the
grey area at the infrastructure levels.

Personally, I am interested in approach (b): empowering recipients 
through increased automation at the MUA.   I see challenge-response 
systems as a first step in this automation, but consider that there may 
be other benefits to MUA-level automation that ought also to be explored.
For example, one scenario in our work is that C/R systems can
be leveraged to perform other useful functions such as automated
change-of-address negotiation (whitelist/address book updating).

Nevertheless, it is very important that MTA and network-based
approaches also be developed.    In the short term, MUA-based
approaches will not help with network traffic reduction.

Over the long term, we will continue to need asynchronous
text-based messaging.  But we will need to ensure that the
great power of automation that senders may employ in generating
messages is matched by a corresponding power of recipients
to automate responses when and as appropriate.


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To: "Yakov Shafranovich" <research@solidmatrix.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 15:54:07 -0400
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> At 09:43 AM 6/3/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
>
> >Trying to come up with the right place to shim in the CRI
> control headers.
> >It seems we can do the following:
> >
> >1) Use SMTP headers: beyond the deployment issues, CRI is not
> limited to the
> >envelope and there are often many mail relays in the path that
> could remove
> >such headers.  We do not want to restrict mail clients from implementing
> >CRI.
>
> As I mentioned before, SMTP would be a good solution only for those cases
> when two C/R systems are inter-operable and there is a need for
> the sender
> to take the burden of storing the message. Otherwise, plain email
> should be
> used so us humans can read the challenge message.

Split MX incoming from SMTP outgoing relay may or may not pose an issue.
Some mail servers allow for P2P clustering..like with SMTP VRFY, LDAP, or a
common database.  A CRI message could be queried against other servers..but
may be annoying.

> >2) Use RFC 2822 headers: we could possibly introduce a new field
> altogether
> >or use an optional field as spec'd in 3.6.8
>
> Using RFC 2822 headers would limit the amount of information since each
> header is limited to 998 characters (as per section 2.1.1).

Uh..998 is probably enough...and they really prefer 78 chars anyway

> Vernon Schryver
> (https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/ms
> g05168.html)
> has already pointed out that MIME headers can store more
> information which
> would be a factor in case some kind of PKI signatures are used..

ok

> Additionally, some C/R systems might want to combine several challenges
> into one message and that would be awkward to do with RFC 2822
> headers. On
> the other hand, if such headers are used for single sender-single
> receiver
> C/R headers are the simplest solution.

2822 just seems more broad than MIME...I'm not leaning either way..it seems
that most people like to stick flotsam and jetsam in the MIME headers...but
I am not sure how the registration spec'd in 2048 will respond to us

> >Thoughts?
>
> Some of the purposes of MIME as stated in RFC 2045 and look perfectly
> suited for us:
>
> "(2) an extensible set of different formats for non-textual
> message bodies,
> (3) multi-part message bodies, and"

In 2048, we should fit in one of two areas:

1) External Body Access
2) Transfer Encoding

The more I read 2048, the more I ask myself "why the hell am I considering
MIME private values?"
>
> In our case we can utilize MIME to create a multi-part message with one
> part containing a human-readable challenge and other parts containing
> machine-readable challenges (i.e. non-textual message bodies). The
> advantages to using MIME is that:
> 1. We can include both human and machine requests in one messages, NOT
> limited in size.
> 2. We can include PKI signatures, hashcash codes, etc.
> 3. We can include multiple challenges and responses in one message.

Let's hope that IANA also sees our approach this way

> I think that all three approaches are good and they fulfill different
> needs. I think all three should be used and we will allow C/R systems
> to  negotiate between themselves:
> 1. The basic CRI protocol should use RFC 2822 headers, with single
> challenge per each sender. This allows for easier use with existing email
> systems and non interoperable C/R systems. Such messages will have the
> regular challenge message for humans in the message body with additional
> information in the headers. Using custom MIME types can make
> email software
> choke and leave the information unreadable to a human being.

ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There isn't an RFC 2822
registration process that I am aware of.

> 2. IF a C/R system is used by the sender, then it can identify itself
> either via ESMTP or an RFC 2822 header. Then the two systems can
> negotiate
> on the use of RFC 2822 headers, MIME headers or plain SMTP. This would be
> similar to the way HTTP clients negotiate with "Accept-Encoding" and
> "Content-Encoding" methods. This would allow interoperable C/R systems to
> use MIME and SMTP methods for cases like challenges to multiple senders,
> custom PKI, burden of storage on sender, etc.

ok

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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> From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

> ...
> A definition of UNSOLICITED, I believe, is the core of the issue and the
> problem, primarily because it will force us to address the eye of the
> storm: 
>
> is Internet email inherently trusted or is it untrusted?
>
> Is email considered unsolicited until the recipient decides it is
> solicited? Or is it considered solicited until the recipient decides it
> is unsolicited?
>
> I think this is the big question, ladies.

I trust you are not supporting the parts of those definitions that
are from the equivelants of thieves trying to warp the definition of
burglary to give them permission to be be anywhere and so always
innocent.  Spammers and organizations that would send a lot of spam
if it did not have its current stench define solicited as "until you
do a confirmed opt-out, and then only for a few months."

The rest of us who could qualify as reasonable persons in court know
that "unsolicited" means just that.  If you didn't ask for it, then
it's unsolicited.  If you did ask for it, then it's solicited.  A
stream of solicited mail becomes unsolicited after the change is
communicated to the sender.  That certainly does not imply that you
can unsubscribe from a mailing list by screaming "SPAM!" as some people
do.  It also does not imply that Dell Computers or Verisign can assume
that despite your clear instructions, you want to know about important
offers.  (Dell or Verisign are merely the first two outfits came to
mind as having sent significant bulk mail advertising in my direction
despite being explicitly told not to.)

> ...
> But because the Internet went commercial, suddenly SMTP found itself in
> an environment where email (IMHO) is inherently untrusted.  And spam is
> what you get when you put a protocol meant for scholars and scientists
> in the hands of capitalists.

There are big differences between capitalists who in principle can
understand enlightened self-interest and the tragedy of the commons
and parasites that claim a right to steal from their sales targets.

Note that the Internet was in the hands of capitalists for almost as
many years before email spam became a problem as it has been since
spam became noticable.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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I think you're right on. I believe that sooner or later, some type of
C/R will be the way email gets passed around. One may argue (and have a
good case) to say that today's C/R are clunky and don't work well, but
ultimately they empower the recipient in a way that addresses the
imbalance.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Rob Cameron [mailto:cameron@cs.sfu.ca] 
> Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 9:27 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: [Asrg] Spam as a symptom of sender/recipient imbalance.
> 
> 
> In tackling the definition of spam, perhaps it would be 
> useful to have a somewhat different view in which spam is considered
> a symptom of a deeper problem.   
> 
> Here is a statement I have been using to motivate e-mail 
> research work here at SFU.
> 
> "Current e-mail standards create an imbalance between senders 
> and recipients, providing senders with the power to capture the 
> attention of any recipient they so desire, while giving 
> recipients little control over what appears in their inbox. 
> The imbalance becomes 
> most severe when the sender is a computer program sending out 
> bulk unsolicited e-mail (spam)."
> 
> The notion of sender/recipient imbalance then becomes a 
> theory that at once helps explain spam and also predicts that 
> the problem of spam may be mitigated by addressing the 
> imbalance. The two general ways of doing this are: (a) 
> reducing the power of 
> senders and (b) increasing the power of recipients.   Most
> anti-spam proposals can be characterized as addressing one 
> or both of these objectives, typically at the MTA or network 
> infrastructure level for approach (a) or at the MUA level for 
> approach (b).
> 
> Focussing on the sender/recipient imbalance may help avoid 
> value judgments/arguments as to whether a particular instance
> of annoying e-mail is or is not spam.   As many have pointed
> out, there is a large grey area.   Care must be taken to avoid
> moving into this grey area in deploying MTA or network-level 
> approaches that either classify messages as spam or senders
> as spammers.    But if these classification approaches are
> augmented by other means that address the sender/recipient 
> imbalance, then there may be no need to move into the grey 
> area at the infrastructure levels.
> 
> Personally, I am interested in approach (b): empowering recipients 
> through increased automation at the MUA.   I see challenge-response 
> systems as a first step in this automation, but consider that 
> there may 
> be other benefits to MUA-level automation that ought also to 
> be explored. For example, one scenario in our work is that 
> C/R systems can be leveraged to perform other useful 
> functions such as automated change-of-address negotiation 
> (whitelist/address book updating).
> 
> Nevertheless, it is very important that MTA and network-based
> approaches also be developed.    In the short term, MUA-based
> approaches will not help with network traffic reduction.
> 
> Over the long term, we will continue to need asynchronous 
> text-based messaging.  But we will need to ensure that the 
> great power of automation that senders may employ in 
> generating messages is matched by a corresponding power of 
> recipients to automate responses when and as appropriate.
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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> RFC 2505, section 2.11:
>
> "Both SMTP VRFY and EXPN provide means for a potential spammer to test
> whether the addresses on his list are valid (VRFY) and even get more
> addresses (EXPN). Therefore, the MTA SHOULD control who is is allowed to
> issue these commands. This may be "on/off" or it may use access lists
> similar to those mentioned previously."
>
> The main problem with VRFY is that it allows the spammer to
> verify addresses.
>

I rarely see SMTP VRFY attacks..it's just as easy to do RCPT TO than SMTP
VRFY...in fact, spammers don't care if the address is valid anyway since
they often uses bogus sender addresses.

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> From: "Eric Dean" <eric@purespeed.com>

> ...
> Let's hope that IANA also sees our approach this way

If you're worried about the IANA, you shouldn't even consider an
official message header.

> ...
> ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There isn't an RFC 2822
> registration process that I am aware of.

See draft-klyne-msghdr-registry-06.txt


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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On Wed, Jun 04, 2003 at 08:55:53AM -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
[...]
> Fixing on the 'bulk' aspect is only solving the problem from the ISP's point
> of view. From the users point of view the fact that the email was sent to
> ten or a million other people is irrelevant.

The volume of spam (whatever the definition) is its primary irritation
(I wouldn't care about spam if I only got one nigerian scam a year), and
bulk mailing is the primary cause of that volume.  Hence, "bulk" is
indeed quite relevant to the individual. 

-- 
Kent Crispin                               "Be good, and you will be
Manager of Technical Operations, ICANN      lonesome."
crispin@icann.org,kent@songbird.com                    -- Mark Twain
               p: +1 310 823 9358  f: +1 310 823 8649
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> 
> I trust you are not supporting the parts of those definitions 
> that are from the equivelants of thieves trying to warp the 
> definition of burglary to give them permission to be be 
> anywhere and so always innocent.  Spammers and organizations 
> that would send a lot of spam if it did not have its current 
> stench define solicited as "until you do a confirmed opt-out, 
> and then only for a few months."
> 


No. I'm not supporting that. I probably used the wrong wording here. Let
me restate:

is Internet email inherently trusted or is it untrusted?

Is all email considered unsolicited until the recipient says otherwise? 


> 
> There are big differences between capitalists who in 
> principle can understand enlightened self-interest and the 
> tragedy of the commons and parasites that claim a right to 
> steal from their sales targets.
> 

While that may be true, the fact is that Dell and Verisign have still
sent you email that you consider unsolicited. So I feel that my earlier
statement of capitalism + SMTP =  spam problem.

> Note that the Internet was in the hands of capitalists for 
> almost as many years before email spam became a problem as it 
> has been since spam became noticable.
> 
> 

Are you sure about that? When was commercial Internet use OK? When did
Canter & Siegel send the first spam?  Maybe you mean "spam became
unbearable" instead of "noticable".  1 spam = noticable. 100 =
unbearable.



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Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2003 19:13:32 -0400

At 01:11 PM 6/4/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> > ...
> > The main problem with VRFY is that it allows the spammer to verify 
> addresses.
> > ...
>
>This is a minor issue, but pleast note that the main problem with VRFY
>is that many and perhaps most SMTP servers have it turned off.  No
>one with the faintest familiarity with how spam, spam filters, and
>even general STMP installation testing today uses VRFY.  Instead we
>all do what the spammers do many 10's of millions and perhaps billions
>of times every day.  Instead of sending the sequence of SMTP commands
>
>    HELO
>    VRFY
>
>we send
>
>    HELO
>    MAIL From
>    RCPT To
>
>The result of the second sequence is not perfect (e.g with Yahoo),
>but it is far more likely to work than the first.

However, if we are defining an SMTP process for CRI protocols, can we use 
the VRFY command as a part of an ESMTP extension?

Yakov  

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At 03:20 PM 6/4/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> > ...
> > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There isn't an RFC 2822
> > registration process that I am aware of.
>
>See draft-klyne-msghdr-registry-06.txt

Currently, isn't it enough just to define a header in an RFC? This has been 
done for a number of headers.

Yakov  

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At this point if we could just get rid of the spamming which is best
characterized by its illegal/gray-area behavior I suspect the problem
would become much more manageable even if not completely solved.

That's one PR problem with all this, the more we focus on the message
(email whose contents I don't want) the more we're opening ourselves
to accusations of just being anti-commercial zealots.

Who can argue with something like:



ALTHOUGH spam covers a wider set of unwanted email it is certainly
(bulk) email which uses illegal and/or ethically questionable methods
to ensure its delivery including but not limited to:

    a) Exploitation of open relays and proxies for transmission.

    b) Forged and often purposely misleading header information.

    c) Creation and use of computer viruses for transmission.

    d) Encoding of the message and header information with the intent
    to deceive filters and/or recipients.

    e) Inclusion of phony removal and/or affiliation information.

    f) Highly inappropriate demography (e.g. sending explicit material
    to children, making no attempt to prevent that.)

    g) Misleading and deceitful subject and other presentation
    lines designed to trick someone into opening the mail.

    h) Obscuring any possibility of identification of the sender
    and/or beneficiaries of the mail.

etc.

I PURPOSELY DIDN'T CRAFT THAT to be finely-honed language so don't
start objecting that you see holes in some of the wording w/o further
clarification, of course, not my point.

I just wanted to keep it short and easy to consider, designed for
knowledgeable colleagues, not hostile skeptics.

MY POINT IS, a list like that is easy for legislators, the media, etc
to get behind and difficult for a so-called white-hat bulk mailer to
quibble with in contrast to definitions which focus on the
repetitious, unsolicited, promotional nature of spam. The latter make
spam sound like a lot of other annoying-but-tolerated advertising.

Obviously it'd be important to stress that this is just a first step
trying to deal with the worst of the problem and not intended to be
exhaustive.

Finally, and frankly, I think if we could just accomplish that much
we'd put the majority of the real dirtbags out of business, and then
can tune further. They can't tolerate accountability of any sort.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*
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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 17:58:13 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

> ...
> is Internet email inherently trusted or is it untrusted?

Trust is gone, just as it evaporated from voice telephones a long time ago.


> Is all email considered unsolicited until the recipient says otherwise? 

Some kinds of mail has implicit consent.  Almost everyone who has a
public mailbox welcomes or at least consents to non-bulk, inoffensive
mail.  There is a good analogy between the calls you implicitly consent
to receive at a "published" (i.e. not "unlisted") telephone number
and the mail you implicitly consent to receive at an email address
that you have published in directories or divulged to individuals or
organizations.

The telephone calls that bother people are similar to mail spam.


> ...
> > Note that the Internet was in the hands of capitalists for 
> > almost as many years before email spam became a problem as it 
> > has been since spam became noticable.
>
> Are you sure about that? When was commercial Internet use OK? When did
> Canter & Siegel send the first spam?  Maybe you mean "spam became
> unbearable" instead of "noticable".  1 spam = noticable. 100 =
> unbearable.

Canter&Siegal sent netnews or usenet spam long before email spam
became a problem.

Plenty of commercial use of the Internet was OK even in the 1980's,
as many of us worked for commercial outfits at the time can attest.
That was true not only of the baldly commercial parts of the net but
also on the NSFNET provided you could offer some kind of reasonable excuse
that whatever you were doing was "in support of research or education,"
even if you were making a profit at it or only selling goods or services
to other commercial outfits.  I connected a UNIX vendor to the net
via CSNET using a leased line to facilities run by another computer
vendor in 1986.

http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~wwwbtb/book/chap1/net_hist.html says there were
1,000,000 hosts in 1992.  I doubt they were all in the hands of
socialists or whatever are other than capitalists.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306050001.h5501FoD005896@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 18:01:15 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> However, if we are defining an SMTP process for CRI protocols, can we use 
> the VRFY command as a part of an ESMTP extension?

What about deployment and adoption rates?  Do you want it to work
even with MTAs not running your new protocol?
In other words, do you want it to work only in theory or to also have a
glimmer of a hope of working in the real Internet within the next 20 years?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2003 20:29:21 -0400

At 07:23 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>At this point if we could just get rid of the spamming which is best
>characterized by its illegal/gray-area behavior I suspect the problem
>would become much more manageable even if not completely solved.
>[..]

Would you nevertheless agree that UBE that is not sent using "llegal and/or 
ethically questionable methods" would still be considered spam?


---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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To: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 18:03:31 -0700

On Wed, Jun 04, 2003 at 03:57:28PM -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> The problem I have is the fact I get 300 spams a day. The fact that those
> spams are also sent to 10 million or so others is not relevant to me. My
> problem is the fact that *I* am getting the messages. I would have exactly
> the same problem if I was the only person who got that quantity of messages.

Reality is that you get that quantity of messages because of the fact of
bulk mailings, and hence bulk mailings are relevant -- at least to the
extent that reality is relevant.  :-)

To put it another way, if bulk mailing was eliminated, your spam
problem, along with everyone else's, would be eliminated.

Kent

-- 
Kent Crispin                               "Be good, and you will be
Manager of Technical Operations, ICANN      lonesome."
crispin@icann.org,kent@songbird.com                    -- Mark Twain
               p: +1 310 823 9358  f: +1 310 823 8649
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> 
> > ...
> > is Internet email inherently trusted or is it untrusted?
> 
> Trust is gone, just as it evaporated from voice telephones a 
> long time ago.
> 
> 

So I'll take it you're saying email is inherently untrusted.

> > Is all email considered unsolicited until the recipient says 
> > otherwise?
> 
> Some kinds of mail has implicit consent.  Almost everyone who 
> has a public mailbox welcomes or at least consents to 
> non-bulk, inoffensive mail.  There is a good analogy between 
> the calls you implicitly consent to receive at a "published" 
> (i.e. not "unlisted") telephone number and the mail you 
> implicitly consent to receive at an email address that you 
> have published in directories or divulged to individuals or 
> organizations.
> 
> The telephone calls that bother people are similar to mail spam.
> 
> 

See, but that's where we have to draw the line. We have to have a clear,
black line that says this is spam and this is not. And it can't be based
on content. And it can't be based on "it bothers me".

So if we're saying, "if you have a public mailbox, you are implying
consent", then so be it (I would not agree w/ that but that's not the
point).  We can't say "I'm public, so I'm impling consent for any email
that doesn't bother me".




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I think its reasonable to think deployment would be rapid. CR is a
relatively new "protocol" if you will. We as a SMTP CR vendor would
comply.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vernon Schryver [mailto:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 2:01 PM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
> 
> 
> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
> 
> > ...
> > However, if we are defining an SMTP process for CRI 
> protocols, can we 
> > use
> > the VRFY command as a part of an ESMTP extension?
> 
> What about deployment and adoption rates?  Do you want it to 
> work even with MTAs not running your new protocol? In other 
> words, do you want it to work only in theory or to also have 
> a glimmer of a hope of working in the real Internet within 
> the next 20 years?
> 
> 
> Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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> From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

> > > ...
> > > is Internet email inherently trusted or is it untrusted?
> > 
> > Trust is gone, just as it evaporated from voice telephones a 
> > long time ago.
>
> So I'll take it you're saying email is inherently untrusted.

I guess it was a mistake to dodge your use of "trust" before.
What do you mean by "trusted"?  Trusted to be, say, or do what?
Email was never trusted to be more than an unsigned inter-office memo.
If you mean "generally trusted to not be spam," then yes, that
trust has been gone for years.  The justification of this group is
to recover that trust.


> ...
> > The telephone calls that bother people are similar to mail spam.
>
> See, but that's where we have to draw the line. We have to have a clear,
> black line that says this is spam and this is not. And it can't be based
> on content. And it can't be based on "it bothers me".

The definition of spam can't be "it bothers me," but it also cannot and
must not be defined by "clear black line."  That's been my point about
burglary and many other crimes.  "Insider trading" is in the news today.
It is another example of a crime that if you tried to deliniate it with
a clear black line, either it or all stock trading would disappear.


> So if we're saying, "if you have a public mailbox, you are implying
> consent", then so be it (I would not agree w/ that but that's not the
> point).  

It is nonsense to have a public mailbox that does not accept any mail
from strangers.  If you don't want at least some unsolicited mail,
you should block the slot in your mailbox and save yourself grief.

>          We can't say "I'm public, so I'm impling consent for any email
> that doesn't bother me".

That's as true as the analogous statements about telephone harassment
and computer network security.

The clear black lines that computers can see, such as burglar alarm
motion sensors, do and should differ from the fuzzy lines humans use.

The difficulty in defining spam is that many people insist on using
the email equivalents of motion sensors to not only detect spam but
to define it.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> At 03:20 PM 6/4/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>> > ...
>> > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There isn't an 
>> RFC 2822
>> > registration process that I am aware of.
>>
>> See draft-klyne-msghdr-registry-06.txt
> 
> Currently, isn't it enough just to define a header in an RFC? This has 
> been done for a number of headers.

Yes, that's all that should be needed: write an internet-draft defining 
the new header and get it published as an RFC. If msghdr-registry gets 
published as an RFC before this new I-D gets published as an RFC, then 
the new I-D will also need to have an appropriate IANA Considerations 
section that directs IANA to add the new header to the header registry.

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com

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Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming. But we CAN define that
UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: kent@songbird.com [mailto:kent@songbird.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:04 PM
> To: Hallam-Baker, Phillip
> Cc: Asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
> 
> 
> On Wed, Jun 04, 2003 at 03:57:28PM -0700, Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> > The problem I have is the fact I get 300 spams a day. The fact that 
> > those spams are also sent to 10 million or so others is not 
> relevant 
> > to me. My problem is the fact that *I* am getting the messages. I 
> > would have exactly the same problem if I was the only 
> person who got 
> > that quantity of messages.
> 
> Reality is that you get that quantity of messages because of 
> the fact of bulk mailings, and hence bulk mailings are 
> relevant -- at least to the extent that reality is relevant.  :-)
> 
> To put it another way, if bulk mailing was eliminated, your 
> spam problem, along with everyone else's, would be eliminated.
> 
> Kent
> 
> -- 
> Kent Crispin                               "Be good, and you will be
> Manager of Technical Operations, ICANN      lonesome."
> crispin@icann.org,kent@songbird.com                    -- Mark Twain
>                p: +1 310 823 9358  f: +1 310 823 8649 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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On June 4, 2003 at 20:29 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > At 07:23 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
 > 
 > 
 > >At this point if we could just get rid of the spamming which is best
 > >characterized by its illegal/gray-area behavior I suspect the problem
 > >would become much more manageable even if not completely solved.
 > >[..]
 > 
 > Would you nevertheless agree that UBE that is not sent using "llegal and/or 
 > ethically questionable methods" would still be considered spam?

Of course, this is just the worst and most urgent subset, in my
opinion.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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While I agree w/ you, I think its best to keep the definition short,
black and white.

How's this:

Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email

Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a
primarily automated process.

Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not
implicitly or explicitly approved of receiving email from the sender.

Sender can mean an individual or an organization.

A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given sender
if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender and the
recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive further email from
the sender.

Peter


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Barry Shein [mailto:bzs@world.std.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 1:23 PM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
> 
> 
> 
> At this point if we could just get rid of the spamming which 
> is best characterized by its illegal/gray-area behavior I 
> suspect the problem would become much more manageable even if 
> not completely solved.
> 
> That's one PR problem with all this, the more we focus on the 
> message (email whose contents I don't want) the more we're 
> opening ourselves to accusations of just being 
> anti-commercial zealots.
> 
> Who can argue with something like:
> 
> 
> 
> ALTHOUGH spam covers a wider set of unwanted email it is certainly
> (bulk) email which uses illegal and/or ethically questionable 
> methods to ensure its delivery including but not limited to:
> 
>     a) Exploitation of open relays and proxies for transmission.
> 
>     b) Forged and often purposely misleading header information.
> 
>     c) Creation and use of computer viruses for transmission.
> 
>     d) Encoding of the message and header information with the intent
>     to deceive filters and/or recipients.
> 
>     e) Inclusion of phony removal and/or affiliation information.
> 
>     f) Highly inappropriate demography (e.g. sending explicit material
>     to children, making no attempt to prevent that.)
> 
>     g) Misleading and deceitful subject and other presentation
>     lines designed to trick someone into opening the mail.
> 
>     h) Obscuring any possibility of identification of the sender
>     and/or beneficiaries of the mail.
> 
> etc.
> 
> I PURPOSELY DIDN'T CRAFT THAT to be finely-honed language so 
> don't start objecting that you see holes in some of the 
> wording w/o further clarification, of course, not my point.
> 
> I just wanted to keep it short and easy to consider, designed 
> for knowledgeable colleagues, not hostile skeptics.
> 
> MY POINT IS, a list like that is easy for legislators, the 
> media, etc to get behind and difficult for a so-called 
> white-hat bulk mailer to quibble with in contrast to 
> definitions which focus on the repetitious, unsolicited, 
> promotional nature of spam. The latter make spam sound like a 
> lot of other annoying-but-tolerated advertising.
> 
> Obviously it'd be important to stress that this is just a 
> first step trying to deal with the worst of the problem and 
> not intended to be exhaustive.
> 
> Finally, and frankly, I think if we could just accomplish 
> that much we'd put the majority of the real dirtbags out of 
> business, and then can tune further. They can't tolerate 
> accountability of any sort.
> 
> -- 
>         -Barry Shein
> 
> Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | 
> http://www.TheWorld.com
> Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 
> 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
> The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 
> 1989     *oo*
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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On June 4, 2003 at 15:53 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) wrote:
 > Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming. But we CAN define that
 > UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.

Actually, I'm not that uncomfortable with defining any "bulk mailing"
as spamming.

I realize I won't get consensus on that here.

But then again few of you are ISPs expected to just come up with the
money for resources for every blitz by every fortune 1,000,000 company
who decides to unload on their (let's say for argument's sake)
legitimate mailing list hourly.

Special fares at United Airlines? Delta? Wham! Here comes 10,000 msgs
you frequent flyers!

Campbell's has a new recipe they want to share? Open wide!

NY Times, Wall St Journal, Motley Fool, Salon, etc want to send their
daily headlines and advertising payload? K'POW!

And don't tell me subscriber fees are supposed to cover this. There's
almost total disconnect as marketeers get savvier about exploiting
this medium.

That's like wishing your property taxes covered the postage for junk
paper mail. What a stupid idea that would be! Or that there should be
no postage paid by magazines because you subscribed to them.

This exercise is kinda like watching legislators make law, the OTHER
guy's use of tax money is a waste, but MY use of tax money is
essential to civilization!

Replace "tax money" with "ISP's resources" and you've got my point of
view.

This is why, without per-message fees, this system is doomed. It's
just a matter of time.

What we're doing here might postpone doom for a while by freeing up
resources for blessed floods of bull****, and those are mostly my (and
kindred) resources being freed so I have an interest in that
happening. But in my opinion not too far in the future the current
e-mail architecture will just collapse.

One reason why is because the day you stop or minimize spam the
so-called "legitimate" marketers from those fortune 1,000,000
companies will realize that their message will now get through and
will no longer be confused with those of total con-men and scams.

And those marketeers actually have money to spend. P&G spends $3B a
year on advertising, etc. Need I go on?

They're just waiting on the sidelines for you to build a nice, level
road for them to drive on, for free.


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*
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> 
> > From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
> 
> > > > ...
> > > > is Internet email inherently trusted or is it untrusted?
> > > 
> > > Trust is gone, just as it evaporated from voice telephones a
> > > long time ago.
> >
> > So I'll take it you're saying email is inherently untrusted.
> 
> I guess it was a mistake to dodge your use of "trust" before. 
> What do you mean by "trusted"?  Trusted to be, say, or do 
> what? Email was never trusted to be more than an unsigned 
> inter-office memo. If you mean "generally trusted to not be 
> spam," then yes, that trust has been gone for years.  The 
> justification of this group is to recover that trust.
> 
> 

Good point. "Trusted" here means "trust that email is not unsolicited"

> > ...
> > > The telephone calls that bother people are similar to mail spam.
> >
> > See, but that's where we have to draw the line. We have to have a 
> > clear, black line that says this is spam and this is not. 
> And it can't 
> > be based on content. And it can't be based on "it bothers me".
> 
> The definition of spam can't be "it bothers me," but it also 
> cannot and must not be defined by "clear black line."  That's 
> been my point about burglary and many other crimes.  "Insider 
> trading" is in the news today. It is another example of a 
> crime that if you tried to deliniate it with a clear black 
> line, either it or all stock trading would disappear.
> 
> 

I disagree. If you don't have a clear black line, you'll have spam. Draw
the line. Take the heat, but draw the line. Let some people get pissed
off. Too bad. 


> > So if we're saying, "if you have a public mailbox, you are implying 
> > consent", then so be it (I would not agree w/ that but 
> that's not the 
> > point).
> 
> It is nonsense to have a public mailbox that does not accept 
> any mail from strangers.  If you don't want at least some 
> unsolicited mail, you should block the slot in your mailbox 
> and save yourself grief.
> 

There's nothing wrong w/ unsolicited email.  But there's everything
wrong w/ unsolicited BULK email.

> >          We can't say "I'm public, so I'm impling consent for any 
> > email that doesn't bother me".
> 
> That's as true as the analogous statements about telephone 
> harassment and computer network security.
> 
> The clear black lines that computers can see, such as burglar 
> alarm motion sensors, do and should differ from the fuzzy 
> lines humans use.
> 
> The difficulty in defining spam is that many people insist on 
> using the email equivalents of motion sensors to not only 
> detect spam but to define it.
> 

That's only true if we define spam according to fuzzy logic related to
content and intent.  If we make the definition black and white (i.e.
motion sensor) then we can contain, measure, and solve the problem.



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From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
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What you say may be true but its way out of scope here. If your
subscribers sign up for email solicitations and that overloads your
infrastructure, you've definitely got some cost recovery to deal with
but we don't have a UBE problem.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Barry Shein [mailto:bzs@world.std.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 4:39 PM
> To: Peter Kay
> Cc: kent@songbird.com; Hallam-Baker, Phillip; Asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
> 
> 
> 
> On June 4, 2003 at 15:53 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) 
> wrote:  > Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming. 
> But we CAN define that  > UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.
> 
> Actually, I'm not that uncomfortable with defining any "bulk 
> mailing" as spamming.
> 
> I realize I won't get consensus on that here.
> 
> But then again few of you are ISPs expected to just come up 
> with the money for resources for every blitz by every fortune 
> 1,000,000 company who decides to unload on their (let's say 
> for argument's sake) legitimate mailing list hourly.
> 
> Special fares at United Airlines? Delta? Wham! Here comes 
> 10,000 msgs you frequent flyers!
> 
> Campbell's has a new recipe they want to share? Open wide!
> 
> NY Times, Wall St Journal, Motley Fool, Salon, etc want to 
> send their daily headlines and advertising payload? K'POW!
> 
> And don't tell me subscriber fees are supposed to cover this. 
> There's almost total disconnect as marketeers get savvier 
> about exploiting this medium.
> 
> That's like wishing your property taxes covered the postage 
> for junk paper mail. What a stupid idea that would be! Or 
> that there should be no postage paid by magazines because you 
> subscribed to them.
> 
> This exercise is kinda like watching legislators make law, 
> the OTHER guy's use of tax money is a waste, but MY use of 
> tax money is essential to civilization!
> 
> Replace "tax money" with "ISP's resources" and you've got my 
> point of view.
> 
> This is why, without per-message fees, this system is doomed. 
> It's just a matter of time.
> 
> What we're doing here might postpone doom for a while by 
> freeing up resources for blessed floods of bull****, and 
> those are mostly my (and
> kindred) resources being freed so I have an interest in that 
> happening. But in my opinion not too far in the future the 
> current e-mail architecture will just collapse.
> 
> One reason why is because the day you stop or minimize spam 
> the so-called "legitimate" marketers from those fortune 
> 1,000,000 companies will realize that their message will now 
> get through and will no longer be confused with those of 
> total con-men and scams.
> 
> And those marketeers actually have money to spend. P&G spends 
> $3B a year on advertising, etc. Need I go on?
> 
> They're just waiting on the sidelines for you to build a 
> nice, level road for them to drive on, for free.
> 
> 
> -- 
>         -Barry Shein
> 
> Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | 
> http://www.TheWorld.com
> Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 
> 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
> The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 
> 1989     *oo*
> 
> 
> 


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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org,
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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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At 06:01 PM 6/4/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> > ...
> > However, if we are defining an SMTP process for CRI protocols, can we use
> > the VRFY command as a part of an ESMTP extension?
>
>What about deployment and adoption rates?  Do you want it to work
>even with MTAs not running your new protocol?
>In other words, do you want it to work only in theory or to also have a
>glimmer of a hope of working in the real Internet within the next 20 years?

As I pointed out before in a posting to Eric Dean, my vision is a 
multi-stage CRI protocol. The basic protocol would use RFC 2822 headers and 
human-readable email, which would be compatible with current MTAs. As C/R 
systems become more common, they can negotiate to use the other parts of 
the protocol such as an ESMTP extension or MIME fields. An extension 
mechanism would be in place where the protocol can be extended to support 
things like PKI, hash cash, etc. The VRFY command would be part of that 
ESMTP extension which will be used by C/R systems that want to, and not 
used by existing MTAs. Existing MTAs will start off by supporting the basic 
protocol or if they want the other parts.

Additionally, deployment and adoption rates is something that should be 
considered in more detail (this would be something that Eric Brunner can 
help us with). According to D. J. Berstein's SMTP statistics 
(http://cr.yp.to/surveys/smtpsoftware6.txt), the following breakdown of 
major MTAs was present on the Internet in 2001 (out of 958):

401/958 41.85%          UNIX Sendmail
176/958 18.37%          Windows Microsoft Exchange or IIS SMTP
167/958 17.43%  UNIX qmail
57/958  5.9%            Windows Ipswitch IMail

These four accounted for about 84% of all MTAs with the other MTAs were 1% 
or less. Of these, qmail and sendmail account for 59.28% of all MTAs, with 
the Windows ones accounting for the other 24.27%.

IF a CRI protocol is implemented and both qmail and sendmail support it, 
that would mean that a sizable majority of the Internet would support it. 
If Microsoft jumps in, that would increase the effect. The question 
remains, taking the impact of qmail and sendmail, and the propagation rates 
for admins installing the newest versions, how long would deployment take?

Yakov




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To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        Peter Kay
	 <peter@titankey.com>, "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"... 
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On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 12:31 PM, Yakov Shafranovich 
[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> At 03:30 PM 6/3/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
>
> >[..]
> >Here's mine:
> >
> >Spam is transmission of mass email without the prior explicit
> >authorization of the recipient.
> >[..]
>
>  From the charter (http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html):
>
> "The definition of spam messages is not clear and is not consistent across
> different individuals or organizations. Therefore, we generalize the
> problem into "consent-based communication". This means that an individual
> or organization should be able to express consent or lack of consent for
> certain communication and have the architecture support those desires."

Yes, that is the issue.  The ability 'to express consent or lack of consent for 
certain communication and that the architecture support those desires'.  To me 
that is a sort of 'policy enforcement mechanism,' the over-arching question/s 
is/are:

- can such a policy mechanism be architected?
- how is such a 'policy mechanism' described in technical terms, e.g. that can 
be expressed within an 'architecture'?
- what are the essential components of the policy decision?
- what are the essential technical aspects of the 'policy decision engine'?
- what is the placement of the 'policy decision engine' - core vs. edge?
- what are the user definable aspects for instantiating policy decisions?
- what are the measured attributes for determining policy conformance or 
violation?

IMHO the rest are implementation specific decisions, I have left some of the 
research areas out, that is intended.  I have included some that are personal 
preferences, that is also intended.  I feel that this can be cast as an 
engineering problem, but it currently does not have a consensus driver for all 
of the involved players, essentially the target community for compliance review 
are 'rouge players' and demonstrate adaptability designed to be contrary to the 
policy decisions which we are attempting to fix upon their activity.  That is 
the significant issue.

There is perhaps a additional track here concerning the 'fuzziness' approach 
that Vernon mentioned in the decision processes for 'making a determination'. 
 Such an approach requires a collaborative approach for components in the 
'decision engine'.  No one part can do it all, IMHO.

-e
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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On June 4, 2003 at 16:07 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) wrote:
 > While I agree w/ you, I think its best to keep the definition short,
 > black and white.
 > 
 > How's this:
 > 
 > Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email

How's this: Crime is the unauthorized appropriation or harm of
another's person or property.

Short, black and white...one wonders why we need courts and reams of
legal texts...


 > Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a
 > primarily automated process.
 > 
 > Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not
 > implicitly or explicitly approved of receiving email from the sender.
 > 
 > Sender can mean an individual or an organization.
 > 
 > A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given sender
 > if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender and the
 > recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive further email from
 > the sender.
 > 
 > Peter
 > 
 > 
 > > -----Original Message-----
 > > From: Barry Shein [mailto:bzs@world.std.com] 
 > > Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 1:23 PM
 > > To: asrg@ietf.org
 > > Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
 > > 
 > > 
 > > 
 > > At this point if we could just get rid of the spamming which 
 > > is best characterized by its illegal/gray-area behavior I 
 > > suspect the problem would become much more manageable even if 
 > > not completely solved.
 > > 
 > > That's one PR problem with all this, the more we focus on the 
 > > message (email whose contents I don't want) the more we're 
 > > opening ourselves to accusations of just being 
 > > anti-commercial zealots.
 > > 
 > > Who can argue with something like:
 > > 
 > > 
 > > 
 > > ALTHOUGH spam covers a wider set of unwanted email it is certainly
 > > (bulk) email which uses illegal and/or ethically questionable 
 > > methods to ensure its delivery including but not limited to:
 > > 
 > >     a) Exploitation of open relays and proxies for transmission.
 > > 
 > >     b) Forged and often purposely misleading header information.
 > > 
 > >     c) Creation and use of computer viruses for transmission.
 > > 
 > >     d) Encoding of the message and header information with the intent
 > >     to deceive filters and/or recipients.
 > > 
 > >     e) Inclusion of phony removal and/or affiliation information.
 > > 
 > >     f) Highly inappropriate demography (e.g. sending explicit material
 > >     to children, making no attempt to prevent that.)
 > > 
 > >     g) Misleading and deceitful subject and other presentation
 > >     lines designed to trick someone into opening the mail.
 > > 
 > >     h) Obscuring any possibility of identification of the sender
 > >     and/or beneficiaries of the mail.
 > > 
 > > etc.
 > > 
 > > I PURPOSELY DIDN'T CRAFT THAT to be finely-honed language so 
 > > don't start objecting that you see holes in some of the 
 > > wording w/o further clarification, of course, not my point.
 > > 
 > > I just wanted to keep it short and easy to consider, designed 
 > > for knowledgeable colleagues, not hostile skeptics.
 > > 
 > > MY POINT IS, a list like that is easy for legislators, the 
 > > media, etc to get behind and difficult for a so-called 
 > > white-hat bulk mailer to quibble with in contrast to 
 > > definitions which focus on the repetitious, unsolicited, 
 > > promotional nature of spam. The latter make spam sound like a 
 > > lot of other annoying-but-tolerated advertising.
 > > 
 > > Obviously it'd be important to stress that this is just a 
 > > first step trying to deal with the worst of the problem and 
 > > not intended to be exhaustive.
 > > 
 > > Finally, and frankly, I think if we could just accomplish 
 > > that much we'd put the majority of the real dirtbags out of 
 > > business, and then can tune further. They can't tolerate 
 > > accountability of any sort.
 > > 
 > > -- 
 > >         -Barry Shein
 > > 
 > > Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | 
 > > http://www.TheWorld.com
 > > Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 
 > > 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
 > > The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 
 > > 1989     *oo*
 > > _______________________________________________
 > > Asrg mailing list
 > > Asrg@ietf.org
 > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
 > > 
 > > 
 > > 
 > 
 > 
 > _______________________________________________
 > Asrg mailing list
 > Asrg@ietf.org
 > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
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Ok, and if you get overloaded with spam then it's only because you're
too poor and unimportant to have a secretary sort through your mail
for you.

Anyhow, you ignored the part about defining what a legitimate
solicitation is, is buying an airline ticket sufficient? etc.

	     -b

On June 4, 2003 at 16:43 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) wrote:
 > What you say may be true but its way out of scope here. If your
 > subscribers sign up for email solicitations and that overloads your
 > infrastructure, you've definitely got some cost recovery to deal with
 > but we don't have a UBE problem.
 > 
 > > -----Original Message-----
 > > From: Barry Shein [mailto:bzs@world.std.com] 
 > > Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 4:39 PM
 > > To: Peter Kay
 > > Cc: kent@songbird.com; Hallam-Baker, Phillip; Asrg@ietf.org
 > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
 > > 
 > > 
 > > 
 > > On June 4, 2003 at 15:53 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) 
 > > wrote:  > Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming. 
 > > But we CAN define that  > UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.
 > > 
 > > Actually, I'm not that uncomfortable with defining any "bulk 
 > > mailing" as spamming.
 > > 
 > > I realize I won't get consensus on that here.
 > > 
 > > But then again few of you are ISPs expected to just come up 
 > > with the money for resources for every blitz by every fortune 
 > > 1,000,000 company who decides to unload on their (let's say 
 > > for argument's sake) legitimate mailing list hourly.
 > > 
 > > Special fares at United Airlines? Delta? Wham! Here comes 
 > > 10,000 msgs you frequent flyers!
 > > 
 > > Campbell's has a new recipe they want to share? Open wide!
 > > 
 > > NY Times, Wall St Journal, Motley Fool, Salon, etc want to 
 > > send their daily headlines and advertising payload? K'POW!
 > > 
 > > And don't tell me subscriber fees are supposed to cover this. 
 > > There's almost total disconnect as marketeers get savvier 
 > > about exploiting this medium.
 > > 
 > > That's like wishing your property taxes covered the postage 
 > > for junk paper mail. What a stupid idea that would be! Or 
 > > that there should be no postage paid by magazines because you 
 > > subscribed to them.
 > > 
 > > This exercise is kinda like watching legislators make law, 
 > > the OTHER guy's use of tax money is a waste, but MY use of 
 > > tax money is essential to civilization!
 > > 
 > > Replace "tax money" with "ISP's resources" and you've got my 
 > > point of view.
 > > 
 > > This is why, without per-message fees, this system is doomed. 
 > > It's just a matter of time.
 > > 
 > > What we're doing here might postpone doom for a while by 
 > > freeing up resources for blessed floods of bull****, and 
 > > those are mostly my (and
 > > kindred) resources being freed so I have an interest in that 
 > > happening. But in my opinion not too far in the future the 
 > > current e-mail architecture will just collapse.
 > > 
 > > One reason why is because the day you stop or minimize spam 
 > > the so-called "legitimate" marketers from those fortune 
 > > 1,000,000 companies will realize that their message will now 
 > > get through and will no longer be confused with those of 
 > > total con-men and scams.
 > > 
 > > And those marketeers actually have money to spend. P&G spends 
 > > $3B a year on advertising, etc. Need I go on?
 > > 
 > > They're just waiting on the sidelines for you to build a 
 > > nice, level road for them to drive on, for free.
 > > 
 > > 
 > > -- 
 > >         -Barry Shein
 > > 
 > > Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | 
 > > http://www.TheWorld.com
 > > Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 
 > > 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
 > > The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 
 > > 1989     *oo*
 > > 
 > > 
 > > 
 > 
 > 

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*
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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'Eric Dean'" <eric@purespeed.com>,
        Yakov Shafranovich
	 <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There isn't an RFC 2822
> registration process that I am aware of.

IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the introduction of an 
new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as effective?'

I hope I am not belaboring the point but at this stage if we focus more on the 
research aspect of the problems the set of solutions that are viable should/may 
become more apparent.  So instead of attempting to prove the solution perhaps 
at this stage it is better to 'test' the approach to a solution in theory and 
provide provable research conclusions that support the goals of the approach. 
 Just a thought.

-e
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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 22:44:38 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> These four accounted for about 84% of all MTAs with the other MTAs were 1% 
> or less. Of these, qmail and sendmail account for 59.28% of all MTAs, with 
> the Windows ones accounting for the other 24.27%.
>
> IF a CRI protocol is implemented and both qmail and sendmail support it, 
> that would mean that a sizable majority of the Internet would support it. 
> ...

There is a very large difference between the the current versions of
a package supporting something and installations of the package
supporting it.  It is not only that I suspect most SMTP servers are
more than a year behind in current releases, but that having facilities
available in the code is not at all the same as turning them on.

A good case study is SMTP-TLS.   Sendmail and other STMP implementations
have  supported SMTP-TLS for a year or two.  Turning on SMTP-TLS
in sendmail is easy, one you figure it out the OpenSSL documentation.
It is entirely upward compatable and a Good Thing(tm) for a bunch
of reasons.  However, as far as I can tell the vast majority of
the Internet does not support SMTP-TLS and practically none of the
minority that does has done the trivial additional work to make
available their certs.  It's only a slight exaggeration to say that
I see almost as many signs of SMTP-TLS in my logs from spammers as
from legitimate SMTP clients.  In truth I see little of either,
but some of both.

Before you say that everyone cares about spam but not about mail
confidentiality and security and so your protocol would be different,
please say why ISPs that would have to turn on your protocol have
not done what's necessary to find and crush spammers.  Why did
Earthlink reportedly spend months and millions of dollars of
technician and inside lawyer time chasing the Buffalo Spammer while
the outside lawyer pin him in days?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 23:09:01 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

> ...
> Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email
>
> Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a
> primarily automated process.
>
> Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not
> implicitly or explicitly approved of receiving email from the sender.
>
> Sender can mean an individual or an organization.
>
> A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given sender
> if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender and the
> recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive further email from
> the sender.


I'm sorry, but I find that last paragraph very wrong.  Silence in the
face of spam is never consent to more spam!

Consent to unsolicited bulk email must always be explicit and precede
first message.  It does not matter how the consent is expressed,
whether by a proper mailing list subscription including confirmation
or some other message.  It does matter that spam is spam even it
claims "There is no need to unsubscribe since this is a one-time mailing."
(That phrase was once very common in spam.  It's more common now )

Other bits of that definition are objectionable because they are
distracting and irrelevant.  It does not matter whether an advertisement
is sent in batch of 1000 or if the energetic and desperate salesperson
addressed and "targeted" each copy manually and so doesn't manage to
send more than 5000 before running out of time to "make quota."


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Thread-Topic: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
To: "Barry Shein" <bzs@world.std.com>
Cc: <kent@songbird.com>, "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>,
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Date: Wed, 4 Jun 2003 20:53:20 -1000
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I didn't define the explicit side as that's pretty easy to define. It's
the implicit definition that I felt was difficult. 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Barry Shein [mailto:bzs@world.std.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 5:10 PM
> To: Peter Kay
> Cc: Barry Shein; kent@songbird.com; Hallam-Baker, Phillip;
Asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
> 
> 
> Ok, and if you get overloaded with spam then it's only because you're
> too poor and unimportant to have a secretary sort through your mail
> for you.
> 
> Anyhow, you ignored the part about defining what a legitimate
> solicitation is, is buying an airline ticket sufficient? etc.
> 
> 	     -b
> 
> On June 4, 2003 at 16:43 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) wrote:
>  > What you say may be true but its way out of scope here. If your
>  > subscribers sign up for email solicitations and that overloads your
>  > infrastructure, you've definitely got some cost recovery to deal
with
>  > but we don't have a UBE problem.
>  >
>  > > -----Original Message-----
>  > > From: Barry Shein [mailto:bzs@world.std.com]
>  > > Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 4:39 PM
>  > > To: Peter Kay
>  > > Cc: kent@songbird.com; Hallam-Baker, Phillip; Asrg@ietf.org
>  > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
>  > >
>  > >
>  > >
>  > > On June 4, 2003 at 15:53 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay)
>  > > wrote:  > Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming.
>  > > But we CAN define that  > UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.
>  > >
>  > > Actually, I'm not that uncomfortable with defining any "bulk
>  > > mailing" as spamming.
>  > >
>  > > I realize I won't get consensus on that here.
>  > >
>  > > But then again few of you are ISPs expected to just come up
>  > > with the money for resources for every blitz by every fortune
>  > > 1,000,000 company who decides to unload on their (let's say
>  > > for argument's sake) legitimate mailing list hourly.
>  > >
>  > > Special fares at United Airlines? Delta? Wham! Here comes
>  > > 10,000 msgs you frequent flyers!
>  > >
>  > > Campbell's has a new recipe they want to share? Open wide!
>  > >
>  > > NY Times, Wall St Journal, Motley Fool, Salon, etc want to
>  > > send their daily headlines and advertising payload? K'POW!
>  > >
>  > > And don't tell me subscriber fees are supposed to cover this.
>  > > There's almost total disconnect as marketeers get savvier
>  > > about exploiting this medium.
>  > >
>  > > That's like wishing your property taxes covered the postage
>  > > for junk paper mail. What a stupid idea that would be! Or
>  > > that there should be no postage paid by magazines because you
>  > > subscribed to them.
>  > >
>  > > This exercise is kinda like watching legislators make law,
>  > > the OTHER guy's use of tax money is a waste, but MY use of
>  > > tax money is essential to civilization!
>  > >
>  > > Replace "tax money" with "ISP's resources" and you've got my
>  > > point of view.
>  > >
>  > > This is why, without per-message fees, this system is doomed.
>  > > It's just a matter of time.
>  > >
>  > > What we're doing here might postpone doom for a while by
>  > > freeing up resources for blessed floods of bull****, and
>  > > those are mostly my (and
>  > > kindred) resources being freed so I have an interest in that
>  > > happening. But in my opinion not too far in the future the
>  > > current e-mail architecture will just collapse.
>  > >
>  > > One reason why is because the day you stop or minimize spam
>  > > the so-called "legitimate" marketers from those fortune
>  > > 1,000,000 companies will realize that their message will now
>  > > get through and will no longer be confused with those of
>  > > total con-men and scams.
>  > >
>  > > And those marketeers actually have money to spend. P&G spends
>  > > $3B a year on advertising, etc. Need I go on?
>  > >
>  > > They're just waiting on the sidelines for you to build a
>  > > nice, level road for them to drive on, for free.
>  > >
>  > >
>  > > --
>  > >         -Barry Shein
>  > >
>  > > Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           |
>  > > http://www.TheWorld.com
>  > > Purveyors to the Trade | Voice:
>  > > 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
>  > > The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since
>  > > 1989     *oo*
>  > >
>  > >
>  > >
>  >
>  >
> 
> --
>         -Barry Shein
> 
> Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           |
http://www.TheWorld.com
> Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login:
617-739-WRLD
> The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989
*oo*
> 



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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vernon Schryver [mailto:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 7:09 PM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
> 
> > From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
> 
> > ...
> > Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email
> >
> > Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a
> > primarily automated process.
> >
> > Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not
> > implicitly or explicitly approved of receiving email from the
sender.
> >
> > Sender can mean an individual or an organization.
> >
> > A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given
sender
> > if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender and the
> > recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive further email
from
> > the sender.
> 
> From: Vernon Schryver [mailto:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com]
> I'm sorry, but I find that last paragraph very wrong.  Silence in the
> face of spam is never consent to more spam!
> 

I tried to word that paragraph carefully but probably stumbled. Either
that or you missed the "and". What I'm saying in that last paragraph is
that if I've sent you email before AND I've not explicitly asked not to
receive email from you anymore, THEN I'm implicitly approving receiving
email from you.  

> Consent to unsolicited bulk email must always be explicit and precede
> first message.  

Agreed.  my definition above was about the word "implicit" only, not
"ube".

> It does not matter how the consent is expressed,
> whether by a proper mailing list subscription including confirmation
> or some other message.  It does matter that spam is spam even it
> claims "There is no need to unsubscribe since this is a one-time
mailing."
> (That phrase was once very common in spam.  It's more common now )
> 

agreed and the above does not contradict that.

> Other bits of that definition are objectionable because they are
> distracting and irrelevant.  It does not matter whether an
advertisement
> is sent in batch of 1000 or if the energetic and desperate salesperson
> addressed and "targeted" each copy manually and so doesn't manage to
> send more than 5000 before running out of time to "make quota."
> 

if you can define "bulk" to handle that case I'm all for it.




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Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> wrote:

 > At this point if we could just get rid of the spamming which is best
 > characterized by its illegal/gray-area behavior I suspect the problem
 > would become much more manageable even if not completely solved.
 >
 > That's one PR problem with all this, the more we focus on the message
 > (email whose contents I don't want) the more we're opening ourselves
 > to accusations of just being anti-commercial zealots.

Even "email whose contents I don't want" isn't just commercial.  Have you 
never gotten religious spam?  I've gotten a dozen or two.

 > Who can argue with something like:
 >
 >
 >
 > ALTHOUGH spam covers a wider set of unwanted email it is certainly
 > (bulk) email which uses illegal and/or ethically questionable methods

I can argue with it.  Focus too much on that sort, and the folks who are 
raring to spam but would use "legit" methods, will feel free.  As 
someone pointed out, if every business sent you one email a year, you'd 
get almost 8000 a day.  IIRC, that's even after assorted qualifiers, 
like making it USA-based only, and knocking out the ones that probably 
don't have any Internet access.  Even if he's overstating by two whole 
orders of magnitude, 80 spams a day is way too much.  Even 8 spams a day 
is an annoyance.

 > MY POINT IS, a list like that is easy for legislators, the media, etc
 > to get behind and difficult for a so-called white-hat bulk mailer to
 > quibble with in contrast to definitions which focus on the
 > repetitious, unsolicited, promotional nature of spam. The latter make
 > spam sound like a lot of other annoying-but-tolerated advertising.

There are vast differences that can be pointed out.  There's the way that 
the other forms don't steal our resources, don't prevent us from seeing 
other important messages, etc.  The only stuff that comes even close are 
billboards that blot out scenic views, telemarketers who call at bad 
times or fill up our answering machines, and large snailmail "circulars" 
that can trap normal mail so that we don't see the normal mail when we 
toss out the circular.  Lots of people used to rage about the first, 
they still do about the second, and some are starting to rage about the 
third.

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:

 > A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given
 > sender if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender
 > and the recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive
 > further email from the sender.

Nope.  X spams Y.  Y, recalling advice never to contact a spammer 
directly, reports it to ISP(X) for punishment and ISP(Y) for blocking, 
but does NOT request removal.  X has certainly NOT thus implicitly 
consented to X's next spam-run!

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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To: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> wrote:

 > On June 4, 2003 at 15:53 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) wrote:
 >  > Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming. But we CAN
 >  > define that UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.
 >
 > Actually, I'm not that uncomfortable with defining any "bulk mailing"
 > as spamming.
 >
 > I realize I won't get consensus on that here.

At least, not unless we can agree on what "bulk" means.  By the 
definition proposed so far (sending to > 1 recipient, by a largely 
automated means (not counting the automation necessary to send email at 
all, of course)), this very list is bulk.  So is every other.  So are 
any alerts anybody signs up for.  Where do YOU draw the line?

 > But then again few of you are ISPs expected to just come up with the
 > money for resources for every blitz by every fortune 1,000,000
 > company who decides to unload on their (let's say for argument's
 > sake) legitimate mailing list hourly.

If the ISP didn't put anything in the TOS about using too much bandwidth, 
it's their own damn fault.  You can be sure that something about it WILL 
be in there come contract renewal time, or the ISP will insist that they 
upgrade to a higher account type.

 > Special fares at United Airlines? Delta? Wham! Here comes 10,000 msgs
 > you frequent flyers!
 >
 > Campbell's has a new recipe they want to share? Open wide!
 >
 > NY Times, Wall St Journal, Motley Fool, Salon, etc want to send their
 > daily headlines and advertising payload? K'POW!

These sorts of things almost certainly already have very high bandwidth 
connections.  Sure, not as much as they would if they abused the system 
as you propose, but see above.

Also, unlike the normal hit-and-run spammer, these entities give half a 
damn about not pissing off the recipients, and about their brand 
reputation.  If they get tons of unsubscribes every time their 
emails-per-week exceeds some reasonable amount (as determined by the 
subscribers individually), you can bet they'd back off.

 > This exercise is kinda like watching legislators make law, the OTHER
 > guy's use of tax money is a waste, but MY use of tax money is
 > essential to civilization!

On that we can agree!  Just remember that it works on both sides of the 
table: "don't tax me, don't tax thee, tax that fellow behind the tree!"

 > This is why, without per-message fees, this system is doomed. It's
 > just a matter of time.

This system is indeed absolutely doomed, but I don't agree that fees are 
the only way to fix it.

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:

 > If you don't have a clear black line, you'll have spam.
 > Draw the line. Take the heat, but draw the line. Let some people get
 > pissed off. Too bad.

Yes, you'll have spam -- but possibly much LESS spam than today.  As 
someone said, it'd be OK if I only got one Nigerian Scam per year.  
Don't make the perfect the enemy of the good.

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:

 > 2. The recipient does not have me on their whitelist, so they send a
 > challenge. But because their "FROM" address in the MAIL command is
 > NOT the sender's address, TTK doesn't have that address on its
 > whitelist so it sends a challenge to the challenge.
 >
 > End result is that the TTK user never sees the recipients challenge
 > and the recipient never gets the email.  So what ends up happening is
 > the recipient has to go through their quarantine folder and pull out
 > the email.  The TTK user never gets the email because the challenge
 > was killed in the MAIL command.
 >
 > So, to me, C/R systems need to at least use their end-users email
 > address on the MAIL  FROM address in the mail command.

Using a Reply-To could throw a bit of a monkey-wrench into this.  Perhaps 
the protocol should specify sending to the Reply-To (if present), and if 
that verifies, then consider the From verified as well.

Also, many people have Lots And Lots of addresses.  I can think of three 
addies offhand of mine that lots of people get email from, not counting 
the temporaries, and sometimes I forget to switch addies when sending to 
certain people.  Perhaps the protocol could also say, "I might also send 
you email later under the following addresses", and whitelist them too, 
possibly with the whole C/R process repeated for each.

Something tells me there are problems with these ideas, but there's too 
much blood in my coffee stream to figure them out at the moment.  |-)

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:

 > Additionally, some C/R systems might want to
 > combine several challenges into one message

Maybe this is a dumb question, but I'm new to this stuff....

Why would this be of such benefit?  IMHO the message should be short 
enough, and there would be enough benefit to being able to put unique 
content in each, that it would not be worthwhile to combine them.  Do 
you have some scenario in mind, under which there might be multiple 
challenges issued to the same destination?

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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From: "C. Wegrzyn" <wegrzyn@garbagedump.com>
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To: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>
CC: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>, Peter Kay <peter@titankey.com>,
        Asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
References: <DD198B5D07F04347B7266A3F35C42B0B0D8B96@io.cybercom.local> <16094.44384.458521.584391@world.std.com> <200306050854.17767.dja2003@hotpop.com>
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This might not help but when I think of spam I don't focus on the sender 
(since defining bulk is a killer) but on the results. I'll bet almost 
all 'non-spam' emails involve an exchange between end-points - why else 
send email in the first place. Bulk or spamming is when you send out 
email and don't expect to get a response from the majority (define it as 
under 90% or 100% or whatever).

FWIW,
Chuck Wegrzyn


Dave Aronson wrote:

>Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> wrote:
>
> > On June 4, 2003 at 15:53 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) wrote:
> >  > Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming. But we CAN
> >  > define that UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.
> >
> > Actually, I'm not that uncomfortable with defining any "bulk mailing"
> > as spamming.
> >
> > I realize I won't get consensus on that here.
>
>At least, not unless we can agree on what "bulk" means.  By the 
>definition proposed so far (sending to > 1 recipient, by a largely 
>automated means (not counting the automation necessary to send email at 
>all, of course)), this very list is bulk.  So is every other.  So are 
>any alerts anybody signs up for.  Where do YOU draw the line?
>
> > But then again few of you are ISPs expected to just come up with the
> > money for resources for every blitz by every fortune 1,000,000
> > company who decides to unload on their (let's say for argument's
> > sake) legitimate mailing list hourly.
>
>If the ISP didn't put anything in the TOS about using too much bandwidth, 
>it's their own damn fault.  You can be sure that something about it WILL 
>be in there come contract renewal time, or the ISP will insist that they 
>upgrade to a higher account type.
>
> > Special fares at United Airlines? Delta? Wham! Here comes 10,000 msgs
> > you frequent flyers!
> >
> > Campbell's has a new recipe they want to share? Open wide!
> >
> > NY Times, Wall St Journal, Motley Fool, Salon, etc want to send their
> > daily headlines and advertising payload? K'POW!
>
>These sorts of things almost certainly already have very high bandwidth 
>connections.  Sure, not as much as they would if they abused the system 
>as you propose, but see above.
>
>Also, unlike the normal hit-and-run spammer, these entities give half a 
>damn about not pissing off the recipients, and about their brand 
>reputation.  If they get tons of unsubscribes every time their 
>emails-per-week exceeds some reasonable amount (as determined by the 
>subscribers individually), you can bet they'd back off.
>
> > This exercise is kinda like watching legislators make law, the OTHER
> > guy's use of tax money is a waste, but MY use of tax money is
> > essential to civilization!
>
>On that we can agree!  Just remember that it works on both sides of the 
>table: "don't tax me, don't tax thee, tax that fellow behind the tree!"
>
> > This is why, without per-message fees, this system is doomed. It's
> > just a matter of time.
>
>This system is indeed absolutely doomed, but I don't agree that fees are 
>the only way to fix it.
>
>  
>


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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> From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

> ...
> I tried to word that paragraph carefully but probably stumbled. Either
> that or you missed the "and". What I'm saying in that last paragraph is
> that if I've sent you email before AND I've not explicitly asked not to
> receive email from you anymore, THEN I'm implicitly approving receiving
> email from you.  

No, it was my mistake.  I didn't see who sent the initial mail to
whom.  However, while I'm not outraged by what you really wrote as
was by what I thought I read, I still don't agree.  A public address
that does not imply implicit consent to receive mail that is not "spam"
(whatever the definition) is nonsensical.  

> > Consent to unsolicited bulk email must always be explicit and precede
> > first message.  
>
> Agreed.  my definition above was about the word "implicit" only, not
> "ube".

I don't understand.  If a published mail address (e.g. in an ISP's
user directory) does not implicitly give permission for non-bulk mail
then, what's the point of publishing the address?

Or do you mean that sending a mail message amounts to publishing it?


> ...
> agreed and the above does not contradict that.
>
> > Other bits of that definition are objectionable because they are
> > distracting and irrelevant.  It does not matter whether an advertisement
> > is sent in batch of 1000 or if the energetic and desperate salesperson
> > addressed and "targeted" each copy manually and so doesn't manage to
> > send more than 5000 before running out of time to "make quota."
>
> if you can define "bulk" to handle that case I'm all for it.

Again, "bulk" should be defined just as fuzzily as "malice" is defined
for "burglary" when in an ISP "court" deciding whether an account
should be terminated.  Computers are obliged to define "bulk" with a
number, but we can use a sane definition that lets me send you an
unsolicited question about your C/R system with a copy to the mailing
list.  There is no conflict, just as there is no conflict between
burglar alarms using a simplistic definition for detecting burglary
of "anyone here no matter who or why" and courts using a fuzzy definition
of "without authorization and with malice" for conviction.

Your anti-spam defenses might detect my unsolicited question with a
copy to this list as bulk as well as unsolicited, but that's just
life.  If you have legitimate dealings in buildings with burglar
alarms, you must take precautions to avoid setting them off, and that's
also just life.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 07:58:51 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>

> ...
> At least, not unless we can agree on what "bulk" means.  By the 
> definition proposed so far (sending to > 1 recipient, by a largely 
> automated means (not counting the automation necessary to send email at 
> all, of course)), this very list is bulk.  So is every other.  So are 
> any alerts anybody signs up for.  Where do YOU draw the line?

By any sane definition, this mailing list is "bulk."

If the the operators of this list can produce evidence of a subscription
request for every subscriber, then they cannot be conviced in ISP
"court" of sending unsolicited bulk mail and so are innocent of
"spamming" no matter how many of us employ the "luser" unsubscribe
mechanism of screaming "SPAM!"


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 08:08:57 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "C. Wegrzyn" <wegrzyn@garbagedump.com>

> This might not help but when I think of spam I don't focus on the sender 
> (since defining bulk is a killer) but on the results. I'll bet almost 
> all 'non-spam' emails involve an exchange between end-points - why else 
> send email in the first place. Bulk or spamming is when you send out 
> email and don't expect to get a response from the majority (define it as 
> under 90% or 100% or whatever).

Your message went to on the order of 1000 people, as will this.
I don't expect to receive a response from the majority.  Do you?

Many entities run bulk mail operations.  CNN's "news updates" are
certainly "bulk" regardless of how many of their subscribers respond.
Provided CNN can show that each and every target subscribed, whether
with
   - logs of an HTTP hit on a unique, unguessable URL sent only to
      the subscribing address,
   - a mail message carrying a unique, unguessable key sent only to
      the subscribing address,
   - some other mechanism that convincingly shows that the owner of
      the address and no third party or CNN did the subscribing,
then CNN's bulk mail is not "unsolicited" and so not spam.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 10:21:24 -0400

At 8:37 AM -0400 6/5/03, Dave Aronson wrote:
>"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:
>
>  > A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given
>  > sender if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender
>  > and the recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive
>  > further email from the sender.
>
>Nope.  X spams Y.  Y, recalling advice never to contact a spammer
>directly, reports it to ISP(X) for punishment and ISP(Y) for blocking,
>but does NOT request removal.  X has certainly NOT thus implicitly
>consented to X's next spam-run!

I think you have your X's and Y's mixed up.

In your example, Mr. Kay's axiom would imply that X has implicitly 
given permission for Y to mail him.

I think that's sound.


-- 
Bill Cole
bill@scconsult.com

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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 10:21:54 -0400

At 11:09 PM -0600 6/4/03, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>>  From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
>
>>  ...
>>  Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email
>>
>>  Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a
>>  primarily automated process.
>>
>>  Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not
>>  implicitly or explicitly approved of receiving email from the sender.
>>
>>  Sender can mean an individual or an organization.
>>
>>  A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given sender
>>  if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender and the
>>  recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive further email from
>>  the sender.
>
>
>I'm sorry, but I find that last paragraph very wrong.  Silence in the
>face of spam is never consent to more spam!

I don't think that's what Mr. Kay's axiom says.

I am not sure that what he did say there is really universally 
applicable, since it might imply that I am subscribing to Verisign's 
spam by mailing one of their employees, but for most cases involving 
individuals it is sound.
-- 
Bill Cole
bill@scconsult.com

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Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2003 10:44:51 -0400

At 10:44 PM 6/4/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> > ...
> > These four accounted for about 84% of all MTAs with the other MTAs were 1%
> > or less. Of these, qmail and sendmail account for 59.28% of all MTAs, with
> > the Windows ones accounting for the other 24.27%.
> >
> > IF a CRI protocol is implemented and both qmail and sendmail support it,
> > that would mean that a sizable majority of the Internet would support it.
> > ...
>
>There is a very large difference between the the current versions of
>a package supporting something and installations of the package
>supporting it.  It is not only that I suspect most SMTP servers are
>more than a year behind in current releases, but that having facilities
>available in the code is not at all the same as turning them on.

My original post ended off with:

"The question remains, taking the impact of qmail and sendmail, and the 
propagation rates for admins installing the newest versions, how long would 
deployment take?"

That is my question exactly, how long will it take for such feature for 
propagate if it were included in sendmail and qmail. Dave Crocker begun to 
address adoption issues in his draft but more work needs to be done. The 
adoption/propogation of features is an issue not just with CRI but with any 
anti-spam protocol or proposal. However, I believe that ISPs and end-users 
have a bigger incentive to turn-on such features due to the amount of spam 
today.

>A good case study is SMTP-TLS.   Sendmail and other STMP implementations
>have  supported SMTP-TLS for a year or two.  Turning on SMTP-TLS
>in sendmail is easy, one you figure it out the OpenSSL documentation.
>It is entirely upward compatable and a Good Thing(tm) for a bunch
>of reasons.  However, as far as I can tell the vast majority of
>the Internet does not support SMTP-TLS and practically none of the
>minority that does has done the trivial additional work to make
>available their certs.  It's only a slight exaggeration to say that
>I see almost as many signs of SMTP-TLS in my logs from spammers as
>from legitimate SMTP clients.  In truth I see little of either,
>but some of both.
>
>Before you say that everyone cares about spam but not about mail
>confidentiality and security and so your protocol would be different,
>please say why ISPs that would have to turn on your protocol have
>not done what's necessary to find and crush spammers.  Why did
>Earthlink reportedly spend months and millions of dollars of
>technician and inside lawyer time chasing the Buffalo Spammer while
>the outside lawyer pin him in days?

I tend to disagree with SMTP-TLS example. Confidentiality of email via 
SMTP-TLS is something that most end-users or ISPs do not care about. Even 
though every single time that I send an email, the National Security Agency 
or some hacker who hacked a router on the way can listen in, that does not 
affect my every day life. Most users are not affected by SMTP-TLS presence 
or absence since you do not see the NSA or hackers publishing people's 
private email in the National Enquirer. Thus, there is not incentive for 
them to do anything which is not true with spam. Whatever is true for 
SMTP-TLS is also true for PGP and S/MIME, which have not become widespread. 
People do not go through the added burden of setting these things up 
because of lack of incentive.

As for the Earthlink example, I am not sure exactly what you mean. I was 
not aware that Earthlink used outside lawyers which successed in several 
days after spending money on doing it in-house. Please provide some links 
for the story.

Yakov




---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2003 10:52:21 -0400

At 09:06 AM 6/5/2003 -0400, Dave Aronson wrote:

>"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:
>
>  > 2. The recipient does not have me on their whitelist, so they send a
>  > challenge. But because their "FROM" address in the MAIL command is
>  > NOT the sender's address, TTK doesn't have that address on its
>  > whitelist so it sends a challenge to the challenge.
>  >
>  > End result is that the TTK user never sees the recipients challenge
>  > and the recipient never gets the email.  So what ends up happening is
>  > the recipient has to go through their quarantine folder and pull out
>  > the email.  The TTK user never gets the email because the challenge
>  > was killed in the MAIL command.
>  >
>  > So, to me, C/R systems need to at least use their end-users email
>  > address on the MAIL  FROM address in the mail command.
>
>Using a Reply-To could throw a bit of a monkey-wrench into this.  Perhaps
>the protocol should specify sending to the Reply-To (if present), and if
>that verifies, then consider the From verified as well.
>
>Also, many people have Lots And Lots of addresses.  I can think of three
>addies offhand of mine that lots of people get email from, not counting
>the temporaries, and sometimes I forget to switch addies when sending to
>certain people.  Perhaps the protocol could also say, "I might also send
>you email later under the following addresses", and whitelist them too,
>possibly with the whole C/R process repeated for each.
>
>Something tells me there are problems with these ideas, but there's too
>much blood in my coffee stream to figure them out at the moment.  |-)

Careful perusal of the relevant RFCs shows that there are differences 
between these fields. Section 3.6.2 of RFC 2822, distinguishes between 
various "sender" fields:

o "The "From:" field specifies the author(s) of the message, that is, the 
mailbox(es) of the person(s) or system(s) responsible for the writing of 
the message."
o "The "Sender:" field specifies the mailbox of the agent responsible for 
the actual transmission of the message. "
o "When the "Reply-To:" field is present, it indicates the mailbox(es) to 
which the author of the message suggests that replies be sent."

The "FROM" field is the one that will get C/R checked, since that is the 
mailbox that sent the email. Additionally, the "MAIL FROM" addresses that 
is used in SMTP is not intended to this purpose, rather it indicates a 
mailbox to which errors should be sent to. It is perfectly legal and 
sometimes even recommended in RFC 2821 to use <> for the MAIL FROM.

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2003 10:56:48 -0400

At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:

>On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com] 
>wrote:
>8<...>8
> > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There isn't an RFC 2822
> > registration process that I am aware of.
>
>IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the introduction 
>of an
>new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as effective?'
>[..]

Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until the standard 
gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard is approved 
then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is similar to the 
HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to indicate gzip 
encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2003 10:59:33 -0400

At 09:07 AM 6/5/2003 -0400, Dave Aronson wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
>
>  > Additionally, some C/R systems might want to
>  > combine several challenges into one message
>
>Maybe this is a dumb question, but I'm new to this stuff....
>
>Why would this be of such benefit?  IMHO the message should be short
>enough, and there would be enough benefit to being able to put unique
>content in each, that it would not be worthwhile to combine them.  Do
>you have some scenario in mind, under which there might be multiple
>challenges issued to the same destination?

1. Two major ISPs, both operating C/R systems. They might want to combine 
multiple C/R challenges together to save on bandwidth.
2. Messages addresses to multiple users at the same ISP. It is easier to 
deal with one message then many. This would be good for mailing lists, 
where in case of AOL, instead of thousands of challenges, only one will be 
sent.

Yakov 

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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 09:30:54 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> That is my question exactly, how long will it take for such feature for 
> propagate if it were included in sendmail and qmail. Dave Crocker begun to 
> address adoption issues in his draft but more work needs to be done.

What more work can be done that would not be "shooting the bull"?
No one can accurately predict what literally millions of people will do.
The best that can be done is to examine similar past cases.

>                                                                      The 
> adoption/propogation of features is an issue not just with CRI but with any 
> anti-spam protocol or proposal. 

That is quite wrong.  As Dave Crocker's draft points out and as
others have often said, many anti-spam protocols and proposals are
effective with for the first few users.  Examples include
  - the DCC
  - Vipul's Razor,
  - Brightmail,
  - Postini,
  - SpamAssassin,
  - private blacklists,
  - public DNS blacklists including the RBL, RBL+, SBL, SPEWS, and SORBS,
  - various "Bayesian" filters,

>                                 However, I believe that ISPs and end-users 
> have a bigger incentive to turn-on such features due to the amount of spam 
> today.

That is fundamentally "build it and they will come."  People who
have built things and who are not sales professionals (no offense
intended to anyone) tend to be less optimistic about whether people
will come on their own.


> ...
> I tend to disagree with SMTP-TLS example. Confidentiality of email via 
> SMTP-TLS is something that most end-users or ISPs do not care about. ...

Ok, how about Microsoft and other security patches?  Why are there so
many worms and viruses that affect systems that would have been
invulnerable if they had installed the proper patches that were released
6 or 12 months ago.


> ...
> As for the Earthlink example, I am not sure exactly what you mean. I was 
> not aware that Earthlink used outside lawyers which successed in several 
> days after spending money on doing it in-house. Please provide some links 
> for the story.

See http://news.google.com/news?q=%22buffalo+spammer%22

The best account I'we seen was the Wall Street Journal's in
http://online.wsj.com/article/0,,SB105225593382372600-search,00.html
but that may require a subscription.

http://www.misweb.com/newsarticle.asp?doc_id=21807&rgid=15
seems similar to the WSJ article.

In re-reading the WSJ article, I seem I'm quite wrong about how long
Pete Wellborn was on the case.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 09:39:57 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Bill Cole <aarg@billmail.scconsult.com>

> I think you have your X's and Y's mixed up.

the mistake I made.

> In your example, Mr. Kay's axiom would imply that X has implicitly 
> given permission for Y to mail him.
>
> I think that's sound.

Are you sure of that?  Thinking about it some more, I think those
words not only confuse some of us but are dangerous.

Y surely already has permission to send non-bulk mail to X if Y has
legitimate possession of X's address (e.g. found somewhere open like
the archives for this list instead of bad means such as dictionary
attacks).
Saying that X's mail somehow gives more permission suggests that Y
has permission to do more.  
Would sending a message to Verisign asking about the real owners of
an odd certificate owned supposedly by "Microsoft Corporation" give
Verisign permission to flood your mailbox with their familiar stream
of messages about Verisign products?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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From: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>
To: Bill Cole <aarg@billmail.scconsult.com>, <peter@titankey.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Implicit Consent (was: Another criteria for "what is spam"...)
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Bill Cole <aarg@billmail.scconsult.com> wrote:
 > At 8:37 AM -0400 6/5/03, Dave Aronson wrote:
 > >"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:
 > >  > A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given
 > >  > sender if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender
 > >  > and the recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive
 > >  > further email from the sender.
 > >
 > > Nope.  X spams Y.  Y, recalling advice never to contact a spammer
 > > directly, reports it to ISP(X) for punishment and ISP(Y) for
 > > blocking, but does NOT request removal.  X has certainly NOT thus
 > > implicitly consented to X's next spam-run!
 >
 > I think you have your X's and Y's mixed up.
 >
 > In your example, Mr. Kay's axiom would imply that X has implicitly
 > given permission for Y to mail him.
 >
 > I think that's sound.

Oops, yes, you're right, sorry, mea culpa, etc.  Too much blood in the 
coffee stream indeed....

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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From: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>
To: pdeutsch@earthlink.net
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Peter Deutsch <pdeutsch@earthlink.net> wrote:
 > Dave Aronson wrote:
 > > Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> wrote:
 > >  > On June 4, 2003 at 15:53 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) wrote:
 > >  >  > Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming. But we CAN
 > >  >  > define that UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.
 > >  >
 > >  > Actually, I'm not that uncomfortable with defining any "bulk
 > >  > mailing" as spamming.
 > >  >
 > >  > I realize I won't get consensus on that here.
 > >
 > > At least, not unless we can agree on what "bulk" means.  By the
 > > definition proposed so far (sending to > 1 recipient, by a largely
 > > automated means (not counting the automation necessary to send
 > > email at all, of course)), this very list is bulk.  So is every
 > > other.  So are any alerts anybody signs up for.  Where do YOU draw
 > > the line?
 >
 > But mailing lists are not unsolicited, there's an implied consent in
 > your act of subscription, non?

Right, but Barry was speaking of removing the issue of consent from the 
definition of spam, 'defining any "bulk mailing" as spamming.'  I'm 
trying to get a sense of whether he really means that.  The alternative 
is that he was just using hyperbole, and there is, after all, some sort 
of alternate line he would endorse, between legit bulk mail and spam.

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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I would say that if you sent verisign an email ( and that email was NOT
asking to no longer receive emails) that, yes, there is an implied
consent to communicate with verisign. And yes, if they "flooded" you
with messages about their products, it is NOT UBE (I still may not like
it, and I may even hate it, but its not UBE).

However that also means that if you tell Verisign "stop" and they still
keep sending, its UBE.  If Verisign ever sends you messages about their
products without ever receiving implied or explicit consent from you,
its UBE.

It also means that if, on the signature of your email, you EXPLICITLY
state you do not want to receive any bulk email, and they ignore that
EXPLICIT request, its UBE.

There's a difference between mail we don't want to get, bad practices of
various vendors, and UBE.  If we can keep this thread on defining the U
and B along nice, thick black lines, then we have a clear definition of
UBE. 

We can never claim that people will never receive an email that they
don't like or want,  we can't help ISPs figure out how not to lose money
accepting email, and we can't stop your uncle from sending you stupid
jokes, but we can certainly look at an email and say, "yes, that's UBE"
or "no, that's not UBE".

And then we can make sure our technology solutions are in-line with the
scope of the problem that UBE defines.

Peter

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vernon Schryver [mailto:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, June 05, 2003 5:40 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] Implicit Consent (was: Another criteria 
> for "what is spam"...)
> 
> 
> > From: Bill Cole <aarg@billmail.scconsult.com>
> 
> > I think you have your X's and Y's mixed up.
> 
> the mistake I made.
> 
> > In your example, Mr. Kay's axiom would imply that X has implicitly
> > given permission for Y to mail him.
> >
> > I think that's sound.
> 
> Are you sure of that?  Thinking about it some more, I think 
> those words not only confuse some of us but are dangerous.
> 
> Y surely already has permission to send non-bulk mail to X if 
> Y has legitimate possession of X's address (e.g. found 
> somewhere open like the archives for this list instead of bad 
> means such as dictionary attacks). Saying that X's mail 
> somehow gives more permission suggests that Y has permission 
> to do more.  
> Would sending a message to Verisign asking about the real 
> owners of an odd certificate owned supposedly by "Microsoft 
> Corporation" give Verisign permission to flood your mailbox 
> with their familiar stream of messages about Verisign products?
> 
> 
> Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2003 14:10:49 -0400

I added the Microsoft patent on filtering to the IPR page 
(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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In-Reply-To:  <200306041227.27506.cameron@cs.sfu.ca>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Spam as a symptom of sender/recipient imbalance.
To: "Rob Cameron"  <cameron@cs.sfu.ca>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
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Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2003 19:13:35 +0100

> 
> The notion of sender/recipient imbalance then becomes a theory
> that at once helps explain spam and also predicts that the
> problem of spam may be mitigated by addressing the imbalance.
> The two general ways of doing this are: (a) reducing the power of 
> senders and (b) increasing the power of recipients.   Most
> anti-spam proposals can be characterized as addressing one 
> or both of these objectives, typically at the MTA or network
> infrastructure level for approach (a) or at the MUA level for 
> approach (b).
> 
> Focussing on the sender/recipient imbalance may help avoid
> value judgments/arguments as to whether a particular instance
> of annoying e-mail is or is not spam.   As many have pointed
> out, there is a large grey area.   Care must be taken to avoid
> moving into this grey area in deploying MTA or network-level
> approaches that either classify messages as spam or senders
> as spammers.    But if these classification approaches are
> augmented by other means that address the sender/recipient
> imbalance, then there may be no need to move into the
> grey area at the infrastructure levels.
>

This imbalance exists chiefly because submission into the MTS is
under control of the sender, but transmission within the MTS
(MTA, MDA) is not (often) under any control of the "recipient".
 
> Personally, I am interested in approach (b): empowering recipients 
> through increased automation at the MUA.   I see challenge-response 
> systems as a first step in this automation, but consider that there may 
> be other benefits to MUA-level automation that ought also to be explored.
> For example, one scenario in our work is that C/R systems can
> be leveraged to perform other useful functions such as automated
> change-of-address negotiation (whitelist/address book updating).
> 
> Nevertheless, it is very important that MTA and network-based
> approaches also be developed.    In the short term, MUA-based
> approaches will not help with network traffic reduction.

Any approach which propagates "recipient" policy (and control) upstream
(towards the sender) will reduce the imbalance you identify. 
MUA based approaches which do not modulate the upstream MTS can have only
limited utility.

> 
> Over the long term, we will continue to need asynchronous
> text-based messaging.  But we will need to ensure that the
> great power of automation that senders may employ in generating
> messages is matched by a corresponding power of recipients
> to automate responses when and as appropriate.
> 

Quite, but what kind of responses?




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Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2003 14:26:43 -0400

At 09:30 AM 6/5/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> > ...
> > That is my question exactly, how long will it take for such feature for
> > propagate if it were included in sendmail and qmail. Dave Crocker begun to
> > address adoption issues in his draft but more work needs to be done.
>
>What more work can be done that would not be "shooting the bull"?
>No one can accurately predict what literally millions of people will do.
>The best that can be done is to examine similar past cases.

Very well I agree with that. The question is finding the most similar past 
cases.

> >                                                                      The
> > adoption/propogation of features is an issue not just with CRI but with 
> any
> > anti-spam protocol or proposal.
>
>That is quite wrong.  As Dave Crocker's draft points out and as
>others have often said, many anti-spam protocols and proposals are
>effective with for the first few users.  Examples include
>   - the DCC
>   - Vipul's Razor,
>   - Brightmail,
>   - Postini,
>   - SpamAssassin,
>   - private blacklists,
>   - public DNS blacklists including the RBL, RBL+, SBL, SPEWS, and SORBS,
>   - various "Bayesian" filters,

Allow me to explain my thoughts more clearly. I agree with your point that 
these proposals have taken off rather well. However, these proposals are 
"one-sided" - meaning they only require one side of the email transaction 
to implement them. By contrast, "two sided" protocols such as RMX and CRI, 
which require both sides to participate, would be much slower to be 
adopted. I was referring originally to these "two sided" proposals in my 
message and forgot to mention that.

Another point it that there is a difference between C/R and CRI. C/R is 
one-side and does not need two sides to agree on anything. This is being 
done today. C/R is the anti-spam tool and in line with your comments, would 
in theory be adapted fast. CRI on the other hand is used to enhance the 
user experience of C/R systems allowing them to interoperate without human 
interaction, would eventually follow albeit slower.

> >                                 However, I believe that ISPs and end-users
> > have a bigger incentive to turn-on such features due to the amount of spam
> > today.
>
>That is fundamentally "build it and they will come."  People who
>have built things and who are not sales professionals (no offense
>intended to anyone) tend to be less optimistic about whether people
>will come on their own.
>
>
> > ...
> > I tend to disagree with SMTP-TLS example. Confidentiality of email via
> > SMTP-TLS is something that most end-users or ISPs do not care about. ...
>
>Ok, how about Microsoft and other security patches?  Why are there so
>many worms and viruses that affect systems that would have been
>invulnerable if they had installed the proper patches that were released
>6 or 12 months ago.

I do not think it is a good example either. How many users see effects of 
viruses and worms on the daily basis? On the other hand almost every email 
user on the planet gets spam every other day. We need to look at an example 
where there was a major issue that was relevant to a majority of users on a 
DAILY basis, and the adoption rate of technical solutions that were made to 
solve it


> > ...
> > As for the Earthlink example, I am not sure exactly what you mean. I was
> > not aware that Earthlink used outside lawyers which successed in several
> > days after spending money on doing it in-house. Please provide some links
> > for the story.
>
>See http://news.google.com/news?q=%22buffalo+spammer%22
>
>The best account I'we seen was the Wall Street Journal's in
>http://online.wsj.com/article/0,,SB105225593382372600-search,00.html
>but that may require a subscription.
>
>http://www.misweb.com/newsarticle.asp?doc_id=21807&rgid=15
>seems similar to the WSJ article.
>
>In re-reading the WSJ article, I seem I'm quite wrong about how long
>Pete Wellborn was on the case.

The article seems to be proving the Earthlink goes after spammers very 
quickly including terminating accounts the same day.

Yakov 

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Implicit Consent (was: Another criteria for "what is spam"...)
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> From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

> I would say that if you sent verisign an email ( and that email was NOT
> asking to no longer receive emails) that, yes, there is an implied
> consent to communicate with verisign. And yes, if they "flooded" you
> with messages about their products, it is NOT UBE (I still may not like
> it, and I may even hate it, but its not UBE).

I strongly disagee with that notion.  It is not justified by the
need to make the crime of spam well defined.  Instead, you need
only require that Verisign have evidence that a reasonable person
would agree is a solicitation for bulk mail.  A message saying
"tell me how to use PKI" would probably qualify as a solicitation,
particularly given the educational facade of the Verisign spam.
However, there is no honest justification for treating a message
asking "Is the enclosed cert for Microsoft Corporation for the
organization in Redmond or a repetition of the infamous fraud?" as
a request for Verisign's familiar spam.


> ...
> It also means that if, on the signature of your email, you EXPLICITLY
> state you do not want to receive any bulk email, and they ignore that
> EXPLICIT request, its UBE.

In the real world, absolutely no one wants all bulk mail.  Absolutely
everyone who knew it would be effective would add that phrase to their
signatures.  That is another way of stating the obvious fact that bulk
mail is not implicitedly solicited by any and all communications from
the victim.


> There's a difference between mail we don't want to get, bad practices of
> various vendors, and UBE.  If we can keep this thread on defining the U
> and B along nice, thick black lines, then we have a clear definition of
> UBE. 

Again, it is impossible and undesirable to draw thick black lines that
separate spam from non-spam, except for our computers that we know
are too stupid to see the real, fuzzy lines.  Any line thick enough
to be seen by computers will overlap some hard cases and so controversial
cases.  It is impossible to avoid all controversy about whether mail
is spam, just as it is impossible to avoid all controversy and even
injustice about all cases of burglarly and insider trading.  There
will always be gray areas.  Simplistic definitions cannot work and
only give aid and comfort to spammers.


> We can never claim that people will never receive an email that they
> don't like or want,  we can't help ISPs figure out how not to lose money
> accepting email, and we can't stop your uncle from sending you stupid
> jokes, but we can certainly look at an email and say, "yes, that's UBE"
> or "no, that's not UBE".

Yes, but there will always be fuzzy cases where reasonable people
will disagree, just as with insider trading and burglarly.

> And then we can make sure our technology solutions are in-line with the
> scope of the problem that UBE defines.

That is just as true of technical spam defenses as burglar alarms and
the SEC's insider trading detection systems.  The techncial machinery
can do a good job, but it can never be even as imperfect as we are
(at least not until we have truely thinking and understanding computers).
There will always be cases where the machinery gets it wrong, as well
as cases where we can't agree on what's right.

Insisting that the machinery be absolutely in-line with what we think
is spam is equivalent to the obvious nonsense that false positives
and false negatives will never happen.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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On June 5, 2003 at 08:54 dja2003@hotpop.com (Dave Aronson) wrote:
 > Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> wrote:
 > 
 >  > On June 4, 2003 at 15:53 peter@titankey.com (Peter Kay) wrote:
 >  >  > Yes but we can't define bulk mailing as spamming. But we CAN
 >  >  > define that UNSOLICITED bulk email is spamming.
 >  >
 >  > Actually, I'm not that uncomfortable with defining any "bulk mailing"
 >  > as spamming.
 >  >
 >  > I realize I won't get consensus on that here.
 > 
 > At least, not unless we can agree on what "bulk" means.  By the 
 > definition proposed so far (sending to > 1 recipient, by a largely 
 > automated means (not counting the automation necessary to send email at 
 > all, of course)), this very list is bulk.  So is every other.  So are 
 > any alerts anybody signs up for.  Where do YOU draw the line?

All of it, although still useful I suspect even subscription mailing
lists will have to evolve, probably into some sort of pull technology.

One problem, for example, are mailing lists (and so-called white-hat
bulk emailers) who never clean up their lists and just bounce user
unknowns at servers all day.

Why should they bother? There's little or no cost to them to just keep
sending to those defunct accts, the cost of maintaining the lists
would be vastly higher than just ignoring the bounces.

More and more I'm seeing "white-hat" bulk mailings from Fortune 100
companies whose return addresses are designed to not return, pointed
at hosts with non-existant or non-functioning MX's so you get to just
keep trying to return the mess of User Unknowns they generated every
30 minutes for 3 days or whatever until they finally time out.

As a parallel, it's not like the post office will deliver your paper
mail for free just because you asked the other side to send it.

The entire model is deeply flawed.

		 ...skipping...

 >  > This exercise is kinda like watching legislators make law, the OTHER
 >  > guy's use of tax money is a waste, but MY use of tax money is
 >  > essential to civilization!
 > 
 > On that we can agree!  Just remember that it works on both sides of the 
 > table: "don't tax me, don't tax thee, tax that fellow behind the tree!"

Well, as an ISP I'm often that fellow behind the tree.

Particularly so long as this non-stop rush to see who goes broke last
continues.

 >  > This is why, without per-message fees, this system is doomed. It's
 >  > just a matter of time.

 > This system is indeed absolutely doomed, but I don't agree that fees are 
 > the only way to fix it.

Well, you know where your keyboard is, propose something else to
control scaling other than cost.

I fear that most people kinda stop at "but I don't agree that fees..."
for a reason, they know they don't like the idea of fees but don't
really have anything else to suggest as a model.

Unfortunately a lot of the problems in the world come down to either
baking more bread or organizing bread lines.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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On June 5, 2003 at 08:08 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > Many entities run bulk mail operations.  CNN's "news updates" are
 > certainly "bulk" regardless of how many of their subscribers respond.
 > Provided CNN can show that each and every target subscribed, whether
 > with
 >    - logs of an HTTP hit on a unique, unguessable URL sent only to
 >       the subscribing address,
 >    - a mail message carrying a unique, unguessable key sent only to
 >       the subscribing address,
 >    - some other mechanism that convincingly shows that the owner of
 >       the address and no third party or CNN did the subscribing,
 > then CNN's bulk mail is not "unsolicited" and so not spam.

Ah, Vernon, you're so generous, let's rephrase this just slightly:

If CNN's recipient list meets the criteria you outline then the bulk
mailing must be delivered for free and without interference.

Who exactly is to provide these bottomless resources is not your
concern, resources must be provided because it'd be FAIR, and we all
know the world is free of starving children, people w/o proper medical
care, and victims of despots, because if it's FAIR then it's field of
dreams, the resources must appear.

So, if CNN behaves FAIRLY, then whatever resources they need must be
made to appear. Anything else would be, well, UNFAIR!

Ok, one might say, well, they don't really care, in this context, if
it's free per se, that's just a market consideration and orthogonal.

But then I'd reply that's contrived patter and what's meant is free,
or certainly independent of any realistic scaling. Who are we kidding?

Follow the rules we lay down and your reward is unlimited access to
mailboxes basically for free (let's not quibble the nanopennies.)

I'm only trying to point out that the "spam" problem is huge, much
more huge than focusing on "stuff we don't want" belies.

It's the old problem of everyone running around trying to stick
someone else with the bill.

Which is one main reason I'm suggesting we focus down on the illegal
and unethical (by which I mean "ought to be illegal if not") methods
the worst spammers use.

The main reasoning being that I think we can all pretty well
understand identity forging, open relays, viruses etc, as bad things
which need to be contained.

But on the bigger issue, with all due respect, I think the naivete'
being displayed here is alarming.

As I've said, those multi-billion dollar big company ad budgets are
just waiting for you (collective "you", "us") to solve all this and
clear them a free, smooth road to travel on.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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On June 4, 2003 at 20:29 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > At 07:23 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
 > 
 > 
 > >At this point if we could just get rid of the spamming which is best
 > >characterized by its illegal/gray-area behavior I suspect the problem
 > >would become much more manageable even if not completely solved.
 > >[..]
 > 
 > Would you nevertheless agree that UBE that is not sent using "llegal and/or 
 > ethically questionable methods" would still be considered spam?

But of course, and I'd go further and say that's still a small subset
because create a static-free, approved channel to literally hundreds
of millions of eyeballs and you'll see the "U" in "UBE" stretched like
a yoga convention.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> 
> Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until the standard 
> gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard is 
> approved then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is 
> similar to the HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to 
> indicate gzip encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).

I disagree. When you write the internet-draft, ONLY specify the CRI 
header. X- headers should only be used for doing experiments before you 
write the internet-draft. As soon as you enter the ietf-space, stick to 
the real name. x-gzip was specified to handle backward compatibility 
because there was considerable history with its use prior to the RFCs 
being written. You don't have that problem here -- there is no history 
of previous uses of X-CRI that needs to be supported.

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com

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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 13:19:36 -0600

At 10:21 -0400 on 2003-06-05, Bill Cole wrote:
>
> In your example, Mr. Kay's axiom would imply that X has implicitly
> given permission for Y to mail him.
>
> I think that's sound.


It's sound only when given a sunset provision.

If I request a quote from a vendor, they should respond with a quote.
However, they may -not- add me to their newsletter (or any other continuing
stream of marketing jive) just because I requested a quote. [1]

The implicit permission has to be limited by the context of the initial
exchange, or we end up with just another excuse for Y spamming X.


Richard

[1] Example: I requested a PKI CA quote from Verisign, via telephone, and
gave my email address to an engineer only after instructing him to keep it
out of the hands of marketing.  They slammed me into their newsletter
anyway (repeatedly -- one of the RISKs of grepping /var/log/maillog is that
you pick up those complaining and re-add them).  They lost the $50k+renewal
as a result.
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On June 5, 2003 at 12:26 dja2003@hotpop.com (Dave Aronson) wrote:
 >  > But mailing lists are not unsolicited, there's an implied consent in
 >  > your act of subscription, non?
 > 
 > Right, but Barry was speaking of removing the issue of consent from the 
 > definition of spam, 'defining any "bulk mailing" as spamming.'  I'm 
 > trying to get a sense of whether he really means that.  The alternative 
 > is that he was just using hyperbole, and there is, after all, some sort 
 > of alternate line he would endorse, between legit bulk mail and spam.

I'm saying that focusing on the "consent" aspect is not only futile
but ultimately going to backfire.

Better to focus on the fraud aspects as a first step because they're
easier to agree on and define and, I hope, act upon.

Besides, w/o the various fraud aspects I suspect much spam is sunk, no
matter how you define spam.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*
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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 13:25:22 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> ...
> If CNN's recipient list meets the criteria you outline then the bulk
> mailing must be delivered for free and without interference.
>
> Who exactly is to provide these bottomless resources is not your
> concern, resources must be provided because it'd be FAIR, and we all
> know the world is free of starving children, people w/o proper medical
> care, and victims of despots, because if it's FAIR then it's field of
> dreams, the resources must appear. ....

That and the following is equivalent to UPS whining about the cost of
delivering all of those packages.  Instead, the people who solicited
CNN's stuff should be paying you just as they also pay you for the
GBytes of dirty pictures they fetch with FTP and HTTP and the GBytess
of pirated MP3s they fetch with "file sharing" protocols.

Or do you run one of those ISPs that claims to provide something for
nothing?


> Which is one main reason I'm suggesting we focus down on the illegal
> and unethical (by which I mean "ought to be illegal if not") methods
> the worst spammers use.
>
> The main reasoning being that I think we can all pretty well
> understand identity forging, open relays, viruses etc, as bad things
> which need to be contained.

Focusing on those sounds ok, for a while.  What do you want to do about
them?  As far as I can tell, they're all against various laws.  New laws
passed by the IRTF or IETF are unlikely to be effective until the IETF's
request to purchase guns for the IESG is approved by the ISOC.
I doubt that the real lawmakers would pay attention to recommendations
from these parts, particularly after their generous campaign donors
drop a few hints, but the effort might not hurt.

If you are urging technical solutions such as authentication to
reduce forgery, perhaps you could start by fixing that your own
SMTP systems to do SMTP-TLS.


> But on the bigger issue, with all due respect, I think the naivete'
> being displayed here is alarming.
>
> As I've said, those multi-billion dollar big company ad budgets are
> just waiting for you (collective "you", "us") to solve all this and
> clear them a free, smooth road to travel on.

Various things displayed here are alarming, but what bothers me about
our current exchange is that a businessman doesn't seem to want to
admit that he has customers and that providing the services those
customers want, including receiving mail from CNN, might not be free
for him to provide.

Without any undue respect, you need to stop and look for stubborn
infections of the old dot-bomb, new-economy, money-for-nothing syndrome.
If your customers spend to many Gbits/sec of your bandwidth on
baseball scores from CNN, the sane thing is to charge them more.


Yes, I intend the implication.   Those of your customers that receive
GBytes of mail, whether they consider it "spam" or not, should pay
you for your services.  If you want to keep them as customers, you
might also consider helping them to avoid unwanted mail with filters
or whatever else you consider effective.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Implicit Consent (was: Another criteria for "what is
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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 13:53:28 -0600

At 07:59 -1000 on 2003-06-05, Peter Kay wrote:
> However that also means that if you tell Verisign "stop" and they still
> keep sending, its UBE.  If Verisign ever sends you messages about their
> products without ever receiving implied or explicit consent from you,
> its UBE.


I believe there is no way to safely manage "implied consent" for BE
streams.  Consent for such needs to be explicit.


> It also means that if, on the signature of your email, you EXPLICITLY
> state you do not want to receive any bulk email, and they ignore that
> EXPLICIT request, its UBE.


I think that's where your implicit consent assumption falls apart.
Everyone would put a "no BE" statement in their .sigs if it were going to
work to prevent slamming into BE streams. [1]

The reasonable assumption made when sending email is that responses will be
topical and will not, unless explicitly requested, involve a stream of BE.

"Implied consent" interpreted overly broadly, such as allowing the sender
to assume some kind of signup for BE after receiving any mail, inevitably
leads to spamming.

If I don't explicitly and knowingly sign up for a stream of BE, then it's
UBE regardless of what the -sender- claims.


Richard

[1] For example, the one I include on mail to vendors didn't work against
Verisign, or NetLux, or Thawte-pre-Verisign, or...
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Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2003 06:24:27 +1000


>>"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:
>>
>>  > A recipient implicitly approves of receiving email from a given
>>  > sender if the recipient has previously sent email to the sender
>>  > and the recipient has not explicitly requested to not receive
>>  > further email from the sender.

This over-simplifies matters. You can't simply ask if there is implied 
consent to receive email generally - you have to ask if there is implied 
consent to receive a particular message with all the attributes of the 
particular message received.

This brings us back to the example of an open store. There is implied 
consent to enter for the purpose of browsing or buying, but if you enter 
for the purpose of robbing, then your entry is legally a trespass. If you 
enter wearing a sandwich-board advertising a nearby competitor, your entry 
is a trespass.

Generally, sending somebody a message isn't generally not going to create 
new implied consent for a message that was not already within the scope of 
the implied consent that arises just by having an accessible email address.
--
Troy Rollo				Chairman, CAUBE.AU
asrg@troy.rollo.name			Executive Director, iCAUCE

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Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2003 06:53:42 +1000

At 13:53 5/06/03 -0600, Richard Johnson wrote:
>I believe there is no way to safely manage "implied consent" for BE
>streams.  Consent for such needs to be explicit.

I would go further and say that rather than logistical difficulties, there 
is never implied consent for bulk email. The reason for this is that it's 
simply not necessary to have implied consent for bulk email in the cases 
where it is suggested that implied consent might exist. In those cases, 
there is already a 1:1 communication stream underway. This means that the 
potential sender has an opportunity to seek explicit consent. Failure to do 
so is done out of either (a) laziness; or (b) a failure to care about 
whether there really is consent. In fact if you're assuming consent in such 
cases, you know that as part of your operation you will be hitting, people 
who do not consider there to be implicit consent.

As I have mentioned before, consent is a legal concept, and being a legal 
concept there are some broad guidelines for how to determine when consent 
it implied. If you're interested in this in more detail, I would recommend: 
Young P, "The Law of Consent", Law Book Co, Sydney, 1986. Although this 
book is not exhaustive of the concept, it's the closest thing I've found to 
a canonical discussion of the issues of consent.

One survey in 2000 (<http://businessweek.com/2000/00_12/b3673010.htm>, see 
under heading "ONLINE BUYERS DREAD JUNK MAIL") pegged the number of users 
who do not regard a pre-existing relationship as giving consent to 
marketing material at 78%. The figures have increased over time, so the 
position that pre-existing relationships mean implied consent for bulk 
email reflects neither a practical necessity nor the views of the people 
who are receiving the bulk email (and it is their views that matter for the 
question of the existence of implied consent, not the desires of the vendors).

Even if the figures were turned around, you couldn't really claim implied 
consent. Implied consent would only arise where no reasonable person would 
regard the communication as not requiring implied consent. You'd have to 
either get the numbers of people who object to this practice down to 
something under 5%, or demonstrate that there is something in the 
circumstances that makes their view unreasonable. The fact that the 
contrary behaviour is normal practice of vendors does not make the view 
unreasonable.
--
Troy Rollo				Chairman, CAUBE.AU
asrg@troy.rollo.name			Executive Director, iCAUCE

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You emailed the text right out of my keystrokes :) 

I agree: there is no such thing as implicit consent to receive bulk
email. So therefore the updated definition goes like this:


Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email, or UBE

Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a
primarily automated process.

Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not
explicitly approved of receiving bulk email from the sender.

Sender can mean an individual or an organization.

In summary, UBE means:

The transmission of multiple emails via a primarily automated process to
recipients that have not explicitly approved to receive such emails.

OK gang, fire away.

Peter
www.titankey.com





> -----Original Message-----
> From: Richard Johnson [mailto:rdump@river.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, June 05, 2003 9:53 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] Implicit Consent (was: Another criteria 
> for "what is spam"...)
> 
> 
> At 07:59 -1000 on 2003-06-05, Peter Kay wrote:
> > However that also means that if you tell Verisign "stop" and they 
> > still keep sending, its UBE.  If Verisign ever sends you messages 
> > about their products without ever receiving implied or explicit 
> > consent from you, its UBE.
> 
> 
> I believe there is no way to safely manage "implied consent" 
> for BE streams.  Consent for such needs to be explicit.
> 
> 
> > It also means that if, on the signature of your email, you 
> EXPLICITLY 
> > state you do not want to receive any bulk email, and they 
> ignore that 
> > EXPLICIT request, its UBE.
> 
> 
> I think that's where your implicit consent assumption falls 
> apart. Everyone would put a "no BE" statement in their .sigs 
> if it were going to work to prevent slamming into BE streams. [1]
> 
> The reasonable assumption made when sending email is that 
> responses will be topical and will not, unless explicitly 
> requested, involve a stream of BE.
> 
> "Implied consent" interpreted overly broadly, such as 
> allowing the sender to assume some kind of signup for BE 
> after receiving any mail, inevitably leads to spamming.
> 
> If I don't explicitly and knowingly sign up for a stream of 
> BE, then it's UBE regardless of what the -sender- claims.
> 
> 
> Richard
> 
> [1] For example, the one I include on mail to vendors didn't 
> work against Verisign, or NetLux, or Thawte-pre-Verisign, 
> or... _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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To: Tony Hansen <tony@att.com>, "Eric Dean" <eric@purespeed.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2003 17:19:54 -0400

At 03:09 PM 6/5/2003 -0400, Tony Hansen wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>>At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
>>Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until the standard 
>>gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard is 
>>approved then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is 
>>similar to the HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to 
>>indicate gzip encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
>
>I disagree. When you write the internet-draft, ONLY specify the CRI 
>header. X- headers should only be used for doing experiments before you 
>write the internet-draft. As soon as you enter the ietf-space, stick to 
>the real name. x-gzip was specified to handle backward compatibility 
>because there was considerable history with its use prior to the RFCs 
>being written. You don't have that problem here -- there is no history of 
>previous uses of X-CRI that needs to be supported.

The question is what do we do during the standards process until the RFC is 
approved, do we use "X-" or the regular headers?

Yakov  

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Peter,

PK> Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a
PK> primarily automated process.

I believe that we do not care whether it was automated, and we have no
way to tell that it was automated.

Hence, citing that characteristic does not give us any useful technical
guidance for preventing, detecting or disposing of spam.

And the number '2' is certain to be highly problematic.


PK> Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not
PK> explicitly approved of receiving bulk email from the sender.

The example I posted about a student sending personal queries to some
experts -- and let's remember it does not matter how the student got
their addresses -- is unsolicited, but should not count as bulk.


PK> OK gang, fire away.

bang. bang.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2 (was: Implicit Consent (was: Another criteria for "what is spam"...))
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> From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

> ...
> I agree: there is no such thing as implicit consent to receive bulk
> email. So therefore the updated definition goes like this:
>
> Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email, or UBE
>
> Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a
> primarily automated process.
>
> Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not
> explicitly approved of receiving bulk email from the sender.
>
> Sender can mean an individual or an organization.
>
> In summary, UBE means:
>
> The transmission of multiple emails via a primarily automated process to
> recipients that have not explicitly approved to receive such emails.
>
> OK gang, fire away.

Either you keep avoiding my question or I've not asked clearly.  Why
do you insist on complicating things instead of using the dictionary
defintions of "bulk" and "unsolicited"?  What is the significance of
automation?  Would 10,000 messages sent manually not be spam?  What
is even one desirable difference between "explicitly approved to
receive" and "unsolicited?"  You say what sender can mean as
if it might mean some third thing.  What is the third possibility?
A lot of clarity is lost by replacing "unsolicited bulk email" with
your 80 words.  What is gained?

On other hand, if the intent is to discuss reasons for choosing
"unsolicited bulk email," there ought to be about 100 times as many words.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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> From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>

> ...
> The example I posted about a student sending personal queries to some
> experts -- and let's remember it does not matter how the student got
> their addresses -- is unsolicited, but should not count as bulk.
> ...

Why not!?  "Bulk" does not mean "spam," if you are defining "spam"
and you are not insisting that "spam" and "bulk" are synonyms. 

If your student sent a lot of substantially identical messages, it makes
no sense to say they are not bulk.  You might say that 2, 20, 200, 2000,
or however many are not enough to be "a lot" or "bulk." You might also
insist (incorrectly, in my view) that the student's spew was not spam,
but "bulk" is not a word that you reasonably redefine.

"Bulk" means "lots of the same stuff" in English.  Or as 
http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?va=bulk puts it,
"material that forms a mass in the intestine; especially: FIBER"

It's crazy to set out to define "spam" and procede by redefining
words that are already well defined in English.  If you think
"unsolicited bulk email" is a bad definition of "spam," then propose
other English (or Latin, or whatever) words.  Don't embark on an
infinite regression of (re)defining the words that you are (re)defining
that you are (re)defining that ...


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Vernon,

>> From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>

>> ...
>> The example I posted about a student sending personal queries to some
>> experts -- and let's remember it does not matter how the student got
>> their addresses -- is unsolicited, but should not count as bulk.
>> ...

VS> Why not!?  "Bulk" does not mean "spam," if you are defining "spam"
VS> and you are not insisting that "spam" and "bulk" are synonyms.

as I said in the note with the example, it is the combination of
unsolicited and bulk that make it spam.  Remove either qualifier and it
is something else.


VS> If your student sent a lot of substantially identical messages, it makes
VS> no sense to say they are not bulk.

The problem is with the distinction between "a lot" and "not a lot".  If
the student sends 2, it is not bulk.  If they send 1,000,000 it is.
Where is the line that divides?  Why?


VS> It's crazy to set out to define "spam" and procede by redefining
VS> words that are already well defined in English.

I agree entirely.

VS>   If you think
VS> "unsolicited bulk email" is a bad definition of "spam," then propose
VS> other English (or Latin, or whatever) words.

perhaps it will help if you respond to the detail of my earlier post,
where I suggest that UBE is a good working term, and then consider the
challenges to qualifying the components.

And, yes, I think that the "reasonable person" approach has its uses,
but not enough for building software.


d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2 (was: Implicit Consent (was: Another criteria for "what is spam"...))
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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 20:10:19 -0400
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Re: what is bulk etc

To some extent what we need here is an actual legal scholar.

The law is full of problems like this where a specific act is colored
by intent making it slippery to define.

Not surprisingly, a lot of fraud has this quality. The same exact set
of actions can be a serious criminal fraud in one case and completely
innocent in another, depending upon what can be discerned about
intent.

The legal term is "mens rea", the state of mind of the perpetrator at
the time of the act, what was their goal, could they reasonably
foresee the result of their actions, etc.

This is why we're going round and round on the term "bulk", we're
trying to make the term (or the phrase UBE) describe the mens rea of
the sender.

Potentially difficult, but the law has wrestled with similar
definitional issues for many hundreds of years.

That said, I think the usual framework used by the legal system is to
create a brief set of "tests", essentially a form one might fill out
describing a perp's actions in terms of a set of (one hopes) carefully
constructed questions, usually standardized by some rather broad-based
process like a bunch of law faculty and judges, much like a technical
standard in spirit.

The problem with that approach is it makes for boring press &
soundbites and it takes some experience and discipline to construct
(again, like technical standards.)

Another problem is the clash of disciplines, law in my limited
experience tends to be enumerative and synthetic, give them more
examples they add more clauses (the ten commandments ceased being the
whole of the law a long time ago), while engineering and science tends
to be analytic, there's a goal to reduce all the cases to a simple
rule or two, E=MC^2 and all that (or, for the musically inclined, E=Fb).

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2 (was: Implicit Consent (was: Another criteria for "what is spam"...)) 
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> To some extent what we need here is an actual legal scholar.

I agree, and the litigator I recently experted for offered to provide this.
I told him that as none of the majors waw paying, or participating, it was
a waste of billable time for us minors.

For grins, keep in mind that the -esse has to parse in both the civil law
and common law jargon-und-jurisdiction-doms.

Eric
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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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> From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>

> ...
> VS> Why not!?  "Bulk" does not mean "spam," if you are defining "spam"
> VS> and you are not insisting that "spam" and "bulk" are synonyms.
>
> as I said in the note with the example, it is the combination of
> unsolicited and bulk that make it spam.  Remove either qualifier and it
> is something else.

Oh, that's not what I understood you to write.


> VS> If your student sent a lot of substantially identical messages, it makes
> VS> no sense to say they are not bulk.
>
> The problem is with the distinction between "a lot" and "not a lot".  If
> the student sends 2, it is not bulk.  If they send 1,000,000 it is.
> Where is the line that divides?  Why?

Why must the dividing line by a single fixed number for us humans?
There is no mechanical rule that defines burglary or insider trading
and there cannot be.  Still, the world manages to define, prosecute,
deter and generally control those crimes--well, at least burglary.
The world also has quite useful burglar alarms and the SEC catches
some inside traders with their computers.  Of necessity, burglar alarms
and the SEC's systems use simplistic, fundamentally flawed, and wrong
thresholds.

Why can't we define "bulk" as "bulk" for human discourse but let people
installing spam-bulk-alarms use thresholds appropriate for local
conditions or other constraints?  For example, a reasonable threshold
for a spam-bulk-alarm at AOL might be 1000.  At a vanity domain SMTP
server like Rhyolite.com, 3 is reasonable and 5 is generous because
any message that hits 5 addresses @rhyolite.com is practically certain
to be hitting 50,000,000 at AOL.


> ...
> perhaps it will help if you respond to the detail of my earlier post,
> where I suggest that UBE is a good working term, and then consider the
> challenges to qualifying the components.

What do you mean by "qualifying the components"?

> And, yes, I think that the "reasonable person" approach has its uses,
> but not enough for building software.

Ok, but building software is quite distinct from defining offenses.
Let's first define the offense of "spam" and then decide how to
approximately characterize it for our stupid computers.  Let's also
be entirely clear when we are talking about spam and when we are
talking about whatever our computers can detect or defend against.

Trying to define spam as that which we our comptuers can detect is a
serious mistake.  As you and others have often said, we cannot hope
to eliminate all spam.  An equivalent statement is that we cannot hope
for our computers to detect all spam.  It would make good sense to
define spam as UBE but note that our computers might not always detect
spews involving fewer than 1000 victims.  That would encourage spammers
to try to stay below 1000 victims, but it would also encourage us to
improve our software to detect more cases of UBE.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
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Vernon,

>> as I said in the note with the example, it is the combination of
>> unsolicited and bulk that make it spam.  Remove either qualifier and it
>> is something else.

VS> Oh, that's not what I understood you to write.

Just for reference, this was the note with the example I was citing:

     <https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05183.html>
     


VS> Why must the dividing line by a single fixed number for us humans?

We want to build software to prevent, detect or dispose of spam.
Software does not know about "reasonable" definitions of "bulk".  What
is the algorithm we should feed the software?

For these discussions, I am not in the least concerned with legal
aspects of enforcement or rule-making.  I want software algorithms.


VS> Why can't we define "bulk" as "bulk" for human discourse but let people
VS> installing spam-bulk-alarms use thresholds appropriate for local
VS> conditions or other constraints?

This is one of those questions that needs to get two different answers:

1.  We must, of course, let individual users have control over
parameters.

2.  Individuals will get these parameters wrong, especially if they are
FORCED to set them.  It is one thing to have common agreement of
commonly-acceptable parameters, and then permit "tuning" by inidividual
users.  It is another to have no consistent construct (threshholds)
anywhere in the system.

3. (Bonus answer, beyond the promised 2) The enforcement is often by an
intermediary and I guarantee that they will set the parameters
differently than the recipient wants.  This is the really major reason
to do interoperability standards, rather than just letting everybody set
the details themselves.


VS> Ok, but building software is quite distinct from defining offenses.

I thought this was a technical discussion list, so I was -- perhaps
foolishly -- thinking that we wanted to vector definitions to a place
that permitted implementation by software, rather than courts.


VS> Trying to define spam as that which we our comptuers can detect is a
VS> serious mistake.  As you and others have often said, we cannot hope
VS> to eliminate all spam.  An equivalent statement is that we cannot hope
VS> for our computers to detect all spam.

Frankly, I am hoping that we simply get away from the term.  No, I do
not think we can agree on a universal, all-encompassing definition for
spam and, no, I do not think we can prevent or detect all spam.

That's why I am in the group that believes we should settle on a
definition of something that we CAN operationalizem, for which improved
control will mean improved Internet usability.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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> From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>

> ...
> VS> Trying to define spam as that which we our comptuers can detect is a
> VS> serious mistake.  As you and others have often said, we cannot hope
> VS> to eliminate all spam.  An equivalent statement is that we cannot hope
> VS> for our computers to detect all spam.
>
> Frankly, I am hoping that we simply get away from the term.  No, I do
> not think we can agree on a universal, all-encompassing definition for
> spam and, no, I do not think we can prevent or detect all spam.
>
> That's why I am in the group that believes we should settle on a
> definition of something that we CAN operationalizem, for which improved
> control will mean improved Internet usability.

It would also be a major mistake to define "unsolicited bulk email"
as that which our computers can detect.

As in any technical design process, the first step is to figure out
what we're doing.  Nit picking about whether the word "bulk" in the
requirements document should be 2 or 3 is destructive.  We must address
the fuzziness of "bulk" only when we worry about reducing the requirements
to something for the computers.  Judging from other contributions
about "largely automated mechanims" and so forth, we are not ready
for that.  Besides, your bit about the student does not seem to be
about resolving the fuzziness of "bulk" but finding contractions
between the fuzzy human notion and what computers will do and so
throwing out the notion entirely.

Perhaps I've misunderstood.  Are you instead saying that 2 is the wrong
value of "bulk" for computers?  If so, what number do you prefer?

For what it's worth, most of the thousands of operators of DCC clients
seem to prefer either values between 20 and 100 or the special infinite
or overflow count of targets that means "incredibly bulky because the
message hit a spam trap."  (One of the critical parameters for a DCC
client is the local threshold for "bulk.")


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Vernon,

My intention behind clarifying what UBE means in the context of
attempting to define spam.

If you want to use the dictionary terms for the words, perhaps you can
go to the dictionary, pull out the words, and show us what you come up
with. I tried that but what came out made a lot less sense.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vernon Schryver [mailto:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, June 05, 2003 1:05 PM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2 (was: Implicit 
> Consent (was: Another criteria for "what is spam"...))
> 
> 
> > From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
> 
> > ...
> > I agree: there is no such thing as implicit consent to receive bulk 
> > email. So therefore the updated definition goes like this:
> >
> > Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email, or UBE
> >
> > Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a 
> > primarily automated process.
> >
> > Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not 
> > explicitly approved of receiving bulk email from the sender.
> >
> > Sender can mean an individual or an organization.
> >
> > In summary, UBE means:
> >
> > The transmission of multiple emails via a primarily 
> automated process 
> > to recipients that have not explicitly approved to receive such 
> > emails.
> >
> > OK gang, fire away.
> 
> Either you keep avoiding my question or I've not asked 
> clearly.  Why do you insist on complicating things instead of 
> using the dictionary defintions of "bulk" and "unsolicited"?  
> What is the significance of automation?  Would 10,000 
> messages sent manually not be spam?  What is even one 
> desirable difference between "explicitly approved to receive" 
> and "unsolicited?"  You say what sender can mean as if it 
> might mean some third thing.  What is the third possibility? 
> A lot of clarity is lost by replacing "unsolicited bulk 
> email" with your 80 words.  What is gained?
> 
> On other hand, if the intent is to discuss reasons for 
> choosing "unsolicited bulk email," there ought to be about 
> 100 times as many words.
> 
> 
> Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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Dave,

> 
> Peter,
> 
> PK> Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more 
> emails via a 
> PK> primarily automated process.
> 
> I believe that we do not care whether it was automated, and 
> we have no way to tell that it was automated.
> 
> Hence, citing that characteristic does not give us any useful 
> technical guidance for preventing, detecting or disposing of spam.
> 

I'm unclear here. Are you saying that because today we don't try to
detect automation we can't use the term bulk? 

> And the number '2' is certain to be highly problematic.
> 
> 
> PK> Unsolicited email is defined as email where the recipient has not 
> PK> explicitly approved of receiving bulk email from the sender.
> 
> The example I posted about a student sending personal queries 
> to some experts -- and let's remember it does not matter how 
> the student got their addresses -- is unsolicited, but should 
> not count as bulk.
> 
> 

I don't know why you would post about some extreme unlikelyhood and then
use that as a position to discredit a definition. But to directly answer
your question, if a student hand-typed individiual emails and sent them
out one by one to a list of email addresses, that would not qualify as
UBE. It would be U but not B.



> PK> OK gang, fire away.
> 
> bang. bang.
> 
> d/
> --
>  Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
>  Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>  
> Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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Vernon,

> 
> Why can't we define "bulk" as "bulk" for human discourse but 
> let people installing spam-bulk-alarms use thresholds 
> appropriate for local conditions or other constraints?  For 
> example, a reasonable threshold for a spam-bulk-alarm at AOL 
> might be 1000.  At a vanity domain SMTP server like 
> Rhyolite.com, 3 is reasonable and 5 is generous because any 
> message that hits 5 addresses @rhyolite.com is practically 
> certain to be hitting 50,000,000 at AOL.
> 

I don't think we can "define 'bulk' as 'bulk'" because the definition of
"bulk" in the dictionary does not apply at all. Maybe http://www.m-w.com
is the wrong place. What definition do you get when you look up "bulk".

We need to define "bulk" within the context of UBE.  If we can't define
UBE how can we possibly hope to do any meaningful research on it? 


> 
> Ok, but building software is quite distinct from defining 
> offenses. Let's first define the offense of "spam" and then 
> decide how to approximately characterize it for our stupid 
> computers.  Let's also be entirely clear when we are talking 
> about spam and when we are talking about whatever our 
> computers can detect or defend against.
> 

Isn't that what we're trying to do? Did I miss something? Aren't we
trying to define what is spam and what is not? Or is the definition of
an "offense" something else entirely.


Peter


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> The question is what do we do during the standards process until the RFC 
> is approved, do we use "X-" or the regular headers?

Simple: you write the internet draft in terms of what you expect to be 
standardized. That is, in terms of regular headers.

For example, when the MIME standard was being worked on, the internet 
drafts were written using headers such as Content-Type, etc. They were 
NOT written using X-Content-Type, and the name changed right before 
publication. It was specified as Content-Type all along.

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com

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From: "Howard Roth" <hroth@tngi.com>
To: <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
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Just to stir the mud here's my take on defining SPAM:


SPAM is the set of all "unwanted email"

Within the set of "unwanted email" you have two major categories each can be
divided up into subcategories:

1) Unsolicited email
a) Bulk email
* Commercial email
* Non-commercial email (someone using evite to get you to a party)
b) Individual email
* Commercial email
* Non-commercial email
2) Solicited email (not an issue as you asked for it even if it's unwanted)
a) Bulk email
* Commercial email
* Non-commercial email
b) Individual email
* Commercial email
* Non-commercial email

Using an entity like the Direct Marketing Association (DMA) one should be
able to get on a "do not send" list to stop receiving unsolicited commercial
email (bulk or individual).  Of course this concept only works if the
marketers adhere to the rules (legislated or not).  Since this method would
not inhibit enough of the email traffic that should be halted to disappear,
a process to do so needs to be created.  This is where the bang for the buck
is.  It's not a matter of addressing all SPAM, but rather making it VERY
difficult for unsolicited commercial email to clog the pipes.

The unsolicited individual non-commercial emails to a professor or address
written over a urinal should be addressed by the method of challenge and
response.  This of course is at the discretion of the receiver to turn it on
or not.  It's like someone knocking at your front door. You ask who it is
and if you like the response you let them in.  Otherwise they go away.

I don't think there needs to be a special definition for 'bulk' other than
it constitutes more than one, as most people should agree with.

Howard Roth


Vernon,

>
> Why can't we define "bulk" as "bulk" for human discourse but
> let people installing spam-bulk-alarms use thresholds
> appropriate for local conditions or other constraints?  For
> example, a reasonable threshold for a spam-bulk-alarm at AOL
> might be 1000.  At a vanity domain SMTP server like
> Rhyolite.com, 3 is reasonable and 5 is generous because any
> message that hits 5 addresses @rhyolite.com is practically
> certain to be hitting 50,000,000 at AOL.
>

I don't think we can "define 'bulk' as 'bulk'" because the definition of
"bulk" in the dictionary does not apply at all. Maybe http://www.m-w.com
is the wrong place. What definition do you get when you look up "bulk".

We need to define "bulk" within the context of UBE.  If we can't define
UBE how can we possibly hope to do any meaningful research on it?


>
> Ok, but building software is quite distinct from defining
> offenses. Let's first define the offense of "spam" and then
> decide how to approximately characterize it for our stupid
> computers.  Let's also be entirely clear when we are talking
> about spam and when we are talking about whatever our
> computers can detect or defend against.
>

Isn't that what we're trying to do? Did I miss something? Aren't we
trying to define what is spam and what is not? Or is the definition of
an "offense" something else entirely.


Peter


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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2003 15:22:00 -0400

At 10:52 AM -0400 6/5/03, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>The "FROM" field is the one that will get C/R checked, since that is 
>the mailbox that sent the email. Additionally, the "MAIL FROM" 
>addresses that is used in SMTP is not intended to this purpose, 
>rather it indicates a mailbox to which errors should be sent to. It 
>is perfectly legal and sometimes even recommended in RFC 2821 to use 
><> for the MAIL FROM.

Are you advocating that C/R systems send mail to the From: address 
rather than MAIL FROM?  That strikes me as exceedingly wrong.  MAIL 
FROM is for notification of delivery problems--and that's exactly 
what C/R is.  Furthermore, we've seen on this list what happens when 
a C/R system sends to From: instead of MAIL FROM--everyone who posts 
to the list gets challenged by the person who forgot to whitelist the 
mailing list.  This is the "On Vacation" message problem all over 
again.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.
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Something which keeps coming up in these definitional attempts is that
we seem to go around and around spam as being a personal and/or group
experience.

"Bulk" is a group experience, I only know it is "bulk" because a lot
of other people received it. When I look at one msg on the screen I
have no idea if anyone else received it.

"Unsolicited" is a personal experience. You may've signed up for
information about body part enlargement, and I haven't, doesn't matter
if it's bulk, for me it's spam, for you it isn't (using the common
definitions of this group, forget my more draconian definitions for
the moment), same msg, same sender.

And of course when people talk about "unwanted" they mostly are in the
realm of personal experience, somewhere along one's outrage scale.

I once termed this "solicitations for products I certainly don't want
anyone else to think I requested!"

I know, dialectic can be tedious; it's more fun to just charge forward
and begin slaying the dragon. But I think we're rushing headlong into
semantics and definitions w/o a lot of (disciplined) thought.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

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From: "Howard Roth" <hroth@tngi.com>
To: <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
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Spam is a 'personal' experience no matter how you slice it.  I get a message
in my inbox that I didn't want to receive.  Like consciousness, I only know
that I received it, even if others have it.  It doesn't matter if I was the
only one who received it.  It's Spam.  If it was sent to 10,000 people and
I'm the only one who didn't want it, it's Spam to me, but not to the 9,999
other folks who wanted it. So Spam is 'personal'.  My Spam is not
necessarily your Spam.  To make it so would be unconstitutional to say the
least.

So I stick to my definition of Spam as being "unwanted email."  It's just
that simple and there is no need to complicate it in an effort to address it
as a problem.

The issue as I see is how do I stop getting these "unwanted email" messages
from getting in my inbox.  Using the 80-20 rule, if one were to inhibit
'unsolicited bulk commercial email' from being sent out over the Internet,
we'd address the problem 80% of the time.  That's a great start to
addressing my desire to eliminate "unwanted email' messages from cluttering
my inbox and reducing my productivity not to mention my usage of disk space
and Internet connect time when traveling.

I use 'unsolicited' because if I allow a direct marketer to send me email
then that's ok, it's not Spam.  And I believe the vast majority of email
users would concur.

In opposition to what is stated below, all 'bulk' email is not Spam.  My
e-journals and this mailing list are not considered Spam.

It just doesn't make sense in a market economy to cut off the ability to
contact willing individuals en masse to entice them to buy something.
Otherwise we'd be eliminating billboards, direct mail, tv commercials, etc.
The issue is really to protect the rights of those individuals who don't
want to be contacted.

And now it's time to slay the 'unsolicited bulk commercial email'
dragon.....

Howard Roth


-----Original Message-----
From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Barry
Shein
Sent: Thursday, June 05, 2003 9:20 PM
To: hroth@tngi.com
Cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2


Something which keeps coming up in these definitional attempts is that
we seem to go around and around spam as being a personal and/or group
experience.

"Bulk" is a group experience, I only know it is "bulk" because a lot
of other people received it. When I look at one msg on the screen I
have no idea if anyone else received it.

"Unsolicited" is a personal experience. You may've signed up for
information about body part enlargement, and I haven't, doesn't matter
if it's bulk, for me it's spam, for you it isn't (using the common
definitions of this group, forget my more draconian definitions for
the moment), same msg, same sender.

And of course when people talk about "unwanted" they mostly are in the
realm of personal experience, somewhere along one's outrage scale.

I once termed this "solicitations for products I certainly don't want
anyone else to think I requested!"

I know, dialectic can be tedious; it's more fun to just charge forward
and begin slaying the dragon. But I think we're rushing headlong into
semantics and definitions w/o a lot of (disciplined) thought.

--
        -Barry Shein

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From: "Danny Angus" <danny@apache.org>
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Subject: RE: *Possible Spam *RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
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Hi,

Sorry to chip in but I can't help it, this discussion about the meaning of words is strangely compelling!
Here goes my 2c..

> I don't think there needs to be a special definition for 'bulk' other than
> it constitutes more than one, as most people should agree with.

IMHO Spam isn't defined by quantity but by whether or not you want or expect to receive it. However it has become a serious problem because of the quantity.

Any definition of spam should not include any reference to quantity.
Any definition of the problem would address the issues raised by spam being sent in quantity.
If I sent a single mail offering any of you cheap viagra that would be a single mail, still spam and an annoyance, but not really a serious problem. It would cease to be spam if you now ask me to send it, as the process of your asking for it makes it appropriate for me to send it.

As far as permission to send me mail, that is implicitly granted to many people, often restricted to on-topic content, but very often not explicitly solicited. A mail from this list (generally solicited) offering me cheap viagra is spam because it is off-topic.

The only certainty is that spam is unwanted. This is a subjective decision by the recipient and would require different rules for everyone. However systems already exist which can learn sophisticated behaviour for filtering mail from group or individual accounts. 

The process of defining the problem shouldn't be influenced by preconceptions about the possible answer, just because "unwanted" cannot be reduce to a series of general logical rules and encapsulated in an algorithm and used to solve our problem doesn't mean that "unwanted" is not the correct definition of spam.

I would contend that rather than "Unsolicited Bulk Email" spam is quite simply "Unwanted email" where "unwanted" is mail with inappropriate content. By which definition unsolicited mail from friends or colleagues is not spam, but off topic mail being relayed by list servers to which you have subscribed is. 

I don't think automation is relevant to the definition of spam, it may be a fact that spam is sent by automated systems but that doesn't define spam it merely exacerbates the problem of quantity by making it easier to deliver large quantities.

Which brings me to the definition of quantity. If you only mean more than one why look for more impressive words when you can say "multiple"? "Multiple Unwanted Emails" as in "Our users' inboxes are filling with multiple unwanted emails" 

If you mean a distinct single item containing a quantity of undifferentiated material say "bulk", a single mail with many recipients is a (singular) bulk mail, as in "Their servers were used to transmit bulk unwanted email".
The phrase "Break-of-bulk point"[1] means the point (often at the interface between transports) at which a single bulk is split into its constituent parts, or sub-divided into smaller bulks for forward transport. 
To my mind this is exactly the way in which a single email with multiple recipients is handled by SMTP, therefore bulk is a reasonable term to use for this kind of mail, but is more narrowly defined than "multiple" or "in bulk".

If you mean many similar individual items being handled in quantity say "in bulk" as in: "Our servers have been indiscriminately relaying unwanted email in bulk".
SMTP applies this idea where MTA's collect mail for a single destination together and transport it in bulk in a single session.

A system sending a single mail addressed to many users on another system or many other systems is sending a bulk email.
A system sending mail in quantity to users on another system or many other systems is sending email in bulk.
A system sending many individual emails to many individual users on many other systems, but few are using the same transport at the same time, is sending multiple emails.

Spam, from the POV of the sender is therefore "Multiple Unwanted Emails", and may at the same time also be "Bulk Unwanted Email" or "Unwanted Email in Bulk".

From the POV of thresholds you want to identify unwanted email being sent in bulk or individual bulks, to efficiently stop this mail before the bulk is broken, and the horse has bolted. 

Spam from the POV of the individual recipient is unwanted but probably not "bulk" or "in bulk" by the time it arrives, generally you will only receive one copy of each mail, but it may be "multiple" if you receive many different unsolicited emails.

Spam from the POV of intermediate transports could be all of bulk, in-bulk and multiple, and it would be hard for the intermediate transport to make a decision about wanted or unwanted by the recipient.

d.

[1]From geography, with heavy emphasis on the port connection ;-)...  (http://faculty.washington.edu/krumme/gloss/b.html) Break-of-bulk point: The location (usually a port) where a shipment is divided into parts. This usually (such as at the port) happens where a transfer of the shipment between transport modes occurs, such as between water and land at a port. 

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From: "Danny Angus" <danny@apache.org>
To: "Asrg@Ietf. Org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
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Hi again,

In fact to reply to my own message, and distill my thoughts somewhat, I think it is valid to define unwanted email (and so Spam) as "email which is destined to be deleted by the intended recipient unread"

Using this definition in place of "spam" we can say the following, which I believe is a fair precis of the main thrust of the issue, and hence validates this definition..

The problem of spam can be defined as one of scale, simply put the quantity of "email which is destined to be deleted by the intended recipient unread" is a significant drain on the resources of transport, user account providers, and individual mail clients. 

It is a problem for users as a large quantity of "email which is destined to be deleted by the intended recipient unread" can obscure legitimate traffic.

A sucesful widespread strategy will depend largely upon the widespread identification of "email which is destined to be deleted by the intended recipient unread" as near to it's source as is possible, perferably at the first outbound gateway, ideally early in (or even before)the transport protocol process, thus preventing it from traveling further downstream consuming resources.

The current de-facto solution includes many distinct parts from the identification and rejection of "email which is destined to be deleted by the intended recipient unread" by MTA's through to personalised filtering of "email which is destined to be deleted by the intended recipient unread" on user accounts and in email client software.

d.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Danny
> Angus
> Sent: 06 June 2003 11:28
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: *Possible Spam *RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
> 
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Sorry to chip in but I can't help it, this discussion about the 
> meaning of words is strangely compelling!
> Here goes my 2c..
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Just to add my two cents.  This is startting to sound like one of my 
classes on philosophy - the instructor asked us to describe a chair. 
Obviously you know one when you see it but finding the essence is almost 
impossible.

Spam is commercial speech delivered via email. Does a subscription email 
list fall into this category - it may or may not - it depends on the 
purpose of the list. I want to know what person thinks CNN "event" 
notification isn't commercial speech - CNN is in business to make money. 
They may do it as a service but the purpose is to get you to view CNN 
when you want news. On the other hand a mail from EFF isn't commercial 
speech (though I bet the Supreme Court might think differently about it).

Like Danny I don't think "bulk" adds into the equation at all. About the 
only place it might enter is in the ISP that provides the bandwidth to 
the spammers.

Chuck Wegrzyn


Danny Angus wrote:

>Hi,
>
>Sorry to chip in but I can't help it, this discussion about the meaning of words is strangely compelling!
>Here goes my 2c..
>
>  
>
>>I don't think there needs to be a special definition for 'bulk' other than
>>it constitutes more than one, as most people should agree with.
>>    
>>
>
>IMHO Spam isn't defined by quantity but by whether or not you want or expect to receive it. However it has become a serious problem because of the quantity.
>
>Any definition of spam should not include any reference to quantity.
>Any definition of the problem would address the issues raised by spam being sent in quantity.
>If I sent a single mail offering any of you cheap viagra that would be a single mail, still spam and an annoyance, but not really a serious problem. It would cease to be spam if you now ask me to send it, as the process of your asking for it makes it appropriate for me to send it.
>
>As far as permission to send me mail, that is implicitly granted to many people, often restricted to on-topic content, but very often not explicitly solicited. A mail from this list (generally solicited) offering me cheap viagra is spam because it is off-topic.
>
>The only certainty is that spam is unwanted. This is a subjective decision by the recipient and would require different rules for everyone. However systems already exist which can learn sophisticated behaviour for filtering mail from group or individual accounts. 
>
>The process of defining the problem shouldn't be influenced by preconceptions about the possible answer, just because "unwanted" cannot be reduce to a series of general logical rules and encapsulated in an algorithm and used to solve our problem doesn't mean that "unwanted" is not the correct definition of spam.
>
>I would contend that rather than "Unsolicited Bulk Email" spam is quite simply "Unwanted email" where "unwanted" is mail with inappropriate content. By which definition unsolicited mail from friends or colleagues is not spam, but off topic mail being relayed by list servers to which you have subscribed is. 
>
>I don't think automation is relevant to the definition of spam, it may be a fact that spam is sent by automated systems but that doesn't define spam it merely exacerbates the problem of quantity by making it easier to deliver large quantities.
>
>Which brings me to the definition of quantity. If you only mean more than one why look for more impressive words when you can say "multiple"? "Multiple Unwanted Emails" as in "Our users' inboxes are filling with multiple unwanted emails" 
>
>If you mean a distinct single item containing a quantity of undifferentiated material say "bulk", a single mail with many recipients is a (singular) bulk mail, as in "Their servers were used to transmit bulk unwanted email".
>The phrase "Break-of-bulk point"[1] means the point (often at the interface between transports) at which a single bulk is split into its constituent parts, or sub-divided into smaller bulks for forward transport. 
>To my mind this is exactly the way in which a single email with multiple recipients is handled by SMTP, therefore bulk is a reasonable term to use for this kind of mail, but is more narrowly defined than "multiple" or "in bulk".
>
>If you mean many similar individual items being handled in quantity say "in bulk" as in: "Our servers have been indiscriminately relaying unwanted email in bulk".
>SMTP applies this idea where MTA's collect mail for a single destination together and transport it in bulk in a single session.
>
>A system sending a single mail addressed to many users on another system or many other systems is sending a bulk email.
>A system sending mail in quantity to users on another system or many other systems is sending email in bulk.
>A system sending many individual emails to many individual users on many other systems, but few are using the same transport at the same time, is sending multiple emails.
>
>Spam, from the POV of the sender is therefore "Multiple Unwanted Emails", and may at the same time also be "Bulk Unwanted Email" or "Unwanted Email in Bulk".
>
>>From the POV of thresholds you want to identify unwanted email being sent in bulk or individual bulks, to efficiently stop this mail before the bulk is broken, and the horse has bolted. 
>
>Spam from the POV of the individual recipient is unwanted but probably not "bulk" or "in bulk" by the time it arrives, generally you will only receive one copy of each mail, but it may be "multiple" if you receive many different unsolicited emails.
>
>Spam from the POV of intermediate transports could be all of bulk, in-bulk and multiple, and it would be hard for the intermediate transport to make a decision about wanted or unwanted by the recipient.
>
>d.
>
>[1]From geography, with heavy emphasis on the port connection ;-)...  (http://faculty.washington.edu/krumme/gloss/b.html) Break-of-bulk point: The location (usually a port) where a shipment is divided into parts. This usually (such as at the port) happens where a transfer of the shipment between transport modes occurs, such as between water and land at a port. 
>
>_______________________________________________
>Asrg mailing list
>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>
>  
>


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> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> Something which keeps coming up in these definitional attempts is that
> we seem to go around and around spam as being a personal and/or group
> experience.
>
> "Bulk" is a group experience, I only know it is "bulk" because a lot
> of other people received it. When I look at one msg on the screen I
> have no idea if anyone else received it.

Bulk is a group thing, but the last sentence of that paragraph is not
right.  Given a single message, you practically always know whether
it was bulk.  If it is bulk it will almost always say so in the text
with something about unsubscribing, not being addressed to you properly,
containing "hash busters" in the Subject or body, having obscured
URLs, and so forth.  In the rare cases where the text does indicate
that it is bulk, you can ask a DCC or Vipul's Razor client or Google
on NANAS.  System operators can often detect "bulk" by the flood of
double bounces in a postmaster mailbox and other signs.

> "Unsolicited" is a personal experience. You may've signed up for
> information about body part enlargement, and I haven't, doesn't matter
> if it's bulk, for me it's spam, for you it isn't (using the common
> definitions of this group, forget my more draconian definitions for
> the moment), same msg, same sender.

That is certainly true.

> ...
> I know, dialectic can be tedious; it's more fun to just charge forward
> and begin slaying the dragon. But I think we're rushing headlong into
> semantics and definitions w/o a lot of (disciplined) thought.

I'd phrase that as rushing headlong into the lexicography or even language
invention business without pausing to consider purposes and goals.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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From: "Danny Angus" <danny@apache.org>
To: "Asrg@Ietf. Org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
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Chuck,

> Obviously you know one when you see it but finding the essence is almost 
> impossible.

"The Anti-Spam Research Group (ASRG) focuses on the problem of unwanted email messages"

Thats the important point, there is a definition encapsulated there, and there does need to be a concrete definition of spam or any resulting paper using the term will be based upon an ambiguous initial assumption, and open to misinterpretation. I believe that my second, refined, definition is clear enough to provide a working definition which can be used to unambiguously "understand the problem and collectively propose and evaluate solutions to the problem."

> Spam is commercial speech delivered via email. 

Not that alone, it is also primarily unwanted, and as you point out later may be of another class than commercial.

> Does a subscription email 
> list fall into this category - it may or may not - it depends on the 
> purpose of the list. 

And whether or not the recipients want to receive it. 
If I sign up for a product download and provide my address I may then receive unexpected security notifications, this may be unsolicited but welcome, and hence not spam.

> I want to know what person thinks CNN "event" 
> notification isn't commercial speech - CNN is in business to make money. 

Assume no one, but it isn't spam if people want to receive them.

> On the other hand a mail from EFF isn't commercial 
> speech 

I expect the EFF's mailings would be considered political and if they are unwanted they'll be political spam.
At any rate we agree that spam probably isn't personal.

d.
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> Spam is commercial speech delivered via email.

That all too popular but unthinking definition outlaws a lot of mail
that people want to receive.

Then there is the practical impossibility of using computers to do
anything to control commercial speech.  

Besides that, no thinking ISP or system operator wants to get involved
in deciding whether a given bulk spew of messages is commercial,
religious, political, or some other catagory that is or is not allowed
to be bulk.


> Like Danny I don't think "bulk" adds into the equation at all. About the 
> only place it might enter is in the ISP that provides the bandwidth to 
> the spammers.

Objectionable mail that is not "bulk" does not cause problems that
the IETF/IRTF needs or ought to consider.  Threats, child pornography,
chitchat about terrorism, drugs, unsanctioned political ideas, or any
other sort of objectionable mail can be handled by the same mechanisms
that deal with the same messages on paper.  There is nothing the 
IRTF/IETF can or should do about them, with the possible exception of
efforts like Fred Baker's Internet-Draft about wiretapping at routers.

Those recent contributions disagreeing with defining spam as unsolicited
bulk email do point out that any definition of "spam" is likely to be
hopelessly controversial among the general public, and suggest that this
group should concentrate on "consent" and "unsolicited bulk email" without
worrying about "spam."


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Wow, Tony!  Thanks. We will proceed accordingly.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Tony
> Hansen
> Sent: Wednesday, June 04, 2003 9:47 PM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
> 
> 
> Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > At 03:20 PM 6/4/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> >> > ...
> >> > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There isn't an 
> >> RFC 2822
> >> > registration process that I am aware of.
> >>
> >> See draft-klyne-msghdr-registry-06.txt
> > 
> > Currently, isn't it enough just to define a header in an RFC? This has 
> > been done for a number of headers.
> 
> Yes, that's all that should be needed: write an internet-draft defining 
> the new header and get it published as an RFC. If msghdr-registry gets 
> published as an RFC before this new I-D gets published as an RFC, then 
> the new I-D will also need to have an appropriate IANA Considerations 
> section that directs IANA to add the new header to the header registry.
> 
> 	Tony Hansen
> 	tony@att.com
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
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> I hope I am not belaboring the point but at this stage if we
> focus more on the
> research aspect of the problems the set of solutions that are
> viable should/may
> become more apparent.  So instead of attempting to prove the
> solution perhaps
> at this stage it is better to 'test' the approach to a solution
> in theory and
> provide provable research conclusions that support the goals of
> the approach.
>  Just a thought.

I agree.  In fact, we should have two CRI systems available shortly for
testing.  I've just been trying to figure out which headers we should
implement.

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From: "Beadles, Mark A" <MBeadles@SmartPipes.com>
To: "'asrg@ietf.org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Fri, 6 Jun 2003 14:46:26 -0000

>From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

Amplifying on Vernon's comments, and an observation of my own concerning
"intent" as an element of a spam definition.

Re:  

> Bulk email is defined as the transmission of 2 or more emails via a 
> primarily automated process.

This definition would include any use of Cc: (or indeed 2 or more To:
recipients) as "bulk email".  Use of multiple recipients or cc: results in
the transmission of 2 or more emails, one to each recipient, through a
primarily automated process.    The problem is the fuzziness of the noun
"email".   How do you "count" emails?  From a sender's point of view, one
email is sent.  From the recipients' aggregate points of view, multiple
emails are received.  

Any definition of spam that would include a normal message cc'ed to one
other person is broken.

> Spam is defined as unsolicited bulk email

Also, regarding "unsolicited":  there are shades of gray there. A government
representative/parliament member/etc. may by default be assumed to have
solicited emails from any member of his/her consistuency (without having to
individually consent to/solicit transmissions from each consistuent).  This
does not mean they also have by default solicited advertisements for growth
creams.  

Similar examples would be a newspaper editorial desk or a commercial
complaints department.  These recipients could be assumed to have solicited
email from any sender, and in the case of the editorial desk, on any
subject, but again, this does not mean that all emails whatsoever have been
solicited.


*****

A good criteria for "what is spam" would seem in my opinion to be based on
the _intent_ of the sender.  This is of course an elusive thing to measure
via protocol or filtering rules.  Intent is often measured by other
non-human systems using techniques such as:

* Heuristics (which could be implemented at sender, relay, or recipient)
which gauge intent and apply filtering, marking or classification
* Improved human-computer interaction at the sender, which measures intent
of the sender interactively
* Imposing some form of cost (not necessarily financial) upon the sender,
causing the sender to self-impose heuristics related to intent

One issue with the above techniques is that access to raw SMTP allows some
of the above to be bypassed (notably any measures taken within the sender's
client).  However, measures implemented within the relay or at the recipient
end, as well as certain cost-based measures, could still be quite effective
at measuring intent.

+ Mark Anthony Beadles  + mbeadles@smartpipes.com +
+       Chief Architect + SmartPipes, Inc.        +
+   Vox 614.923.5657    +     Fax 614.923.6299    +

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To: <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2003 10:09:11 -0700

At 03:22 PM 6/5/03 -0400, Kee Hinckley wrote:
>At 10:52 AM -0400 6/5/03, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>>The "FROM" field is the one that will get C/R checked, since that is 
>>the mailbox that sent the email. Additionally, the "MAIL FROM" 
>>addresses that is used in SMTP is not intended to this purpose, 
>>rather it indicates a mailbox to which errors should be sent to. It 
>>is perfectly legal and sometimes even recommended in RFC 2821 to use 
>><> for the MAIL FROM.
>
>Are you advocating that C/R systems send mail to the From: address 
>rather than MAIL FROM?  That strikes me as exceedingly wrong.  MAIL 
>FROM is for notification of delivery problems--and that's exactly 
>what C/R is.  Furthermore, we've seen on this list what happens when 
>a C/R system sends to From: instead of MAIL FROM--everyone who posts 
>to the list gets challenged by the person who forgot to whitelist the 
>mailing list.  This is the "On Vacation" message problem all over 
>again.
>

There are basically two choices;
Envelope from a.k.a. MAIL FROM, and 
Reply-To: (or From: if there's no Reply-To:)


If you view a challenge as a DSN then envelope from is the proper
choice.  I'd even go so far as to format the challenge as an
RFC 1894 compliant DSN.  (This has the interesting side effect
that challenging a mailing list is likely to unsubscribe you
automatically)  And like any DSN, I recommend including the 
message-id in the In-Reply-To: and Reference: headers.

If however, you view a challenge as a new message, 
then sending it to the Reply-To: (or From: if there is no Reply-To:)
is the more logical choice.

Personally I feel that challenges are DSNs, so envelope from
is the right choice, but I can see the "new message" 
point of view too.


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

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To: asrg@ietf.org
From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
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Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2003 10:56:02 -0700

At 04:04 PM 6/5/03 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
>> 
>> Ok, but building software is quite distinct from defining 
>> offenses. Let's first define the offense of "spam" and then 
>> decide how to approximately characterize it for our stupid 
>> computers.  Let's also be entirely clear when we are talking 
>> about spam and when we are talking about whatever our 
>> computers can detect or defend against.
>> 
>
>Isn't that what we're trying to do? Did I miss something? Aren't we
>trying to define what is spam and what is not? Or is the definition of
>an "offense" something else entirely.
>

Yes, you missed something.

The question is;
"Are we trying to decide what spam is supposed to mean,
or are we trying to redefine spam as 'the class of emails that we can
do something about'?".

I think Vernon's point was that we should clearly delineate the two.

For example, IMO Spam is excessive unwanted email, not unsolicited bulk.
But most use the term "unsolicited" because "unwanted" is such a 
fuzzy concept.  To my way of thinking, "unsolicited" is the just
the best test we can apply to determine if an email is in the class
of things we can do something about.  So we filter UBE because
it's much easier to understand what that should do, and how to do it.
"Spam" isn't "UBE" exactly, (though there's a lot of overlap),
and the concept is "don't try and claim UBE is the definition of spam,
but rather, say we're going after UBE which is close enough to what
most people think of as spam that it's good enough".


Bulk is also a fuzzy concept.  But just because there are
shades of gray, it doesn't mean we can't tell black from white.
Rather than defining the line, we could define the gray area.
I.e.  1000 or more is bulk.  1 or less is not.
Between 1 and 1000 may or may not be bulk, but the dividing
line requires human judgement and depends on circumstances,
so we're not going be any more precise than that.

In my experience, this sort of "fuzzy area" definition is
accepted immediately by spam fighters, though they question
if we can't be less generous and reduce the number to say 100,
or maybe even 20. 
But it's completely unacceptable to spammer fighters.
Just suggesting it can polarize the group and ultimately 
result in one camp storming off.

I fear nothing good will come of this thread.

Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>


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From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] now we're on stage
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Date: Fri, 6 Jun 2003 08:18:15 -1000

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This article:
=20
http://www.forbes.com/2003/06/05/cx_mh_0605spam.html?partner=3Dnewscom
=20
talks about this group and cites a few of the list participants
including Paul Judge and Andrew Barrett.  Man, I'm really glad Forbes
doesn't monitor this list. I'd hate to see an article saying that the
spam research group can't even agree on what spam is.
=20
But I guess that's what research is all about, isn't it?
=20
=20
Peter Kay
President
TitanKey Software
Web: www.titankey.com <http://www.titankey.com/>=20
The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
=20

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Message</TITLE>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1170" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D781221818-06062003>This=20
article:</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D781221818-06062003></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://www.forbes.com/2003/06/05/cx_mh_0605spam.html?partner=3Dne=
wscom">http://www.forbes.com/2003/06/05/cx_mh_0605spam.html?partner=3Dnew=
scom</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D781221818-06062003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>talks =
about this=20
group and cites a few of the list participants including Paul Judge=20
and&nbsp;Andrew Barrett.&nbsp; Man, I'm really glad Forbes doesn't =
monitor this=20
list. I'd hate to see an article saying that the spam research group =
can't even=20
agree on what spam is.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D781221818-06062003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D781221818-06062003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>But I =
guess that's=20
what research is all about, isn't it?</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV align=3Dleft>
<DIV align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>Peter=20
Kay</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>President</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>TitanKey=20
Software</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Web: =
<A=20
href=3D"http://www.titankey.com/">www.titankey.com</A></FONT></SPAN></DIV=
>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The =
only technology=20
that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent</FONT></SPAN></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>
=00
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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
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Subject: [Asrg] Forbes Survey of Anti-Spam methods and products
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FYI: Forbes has a fairly detailed article surveying Anti-Spam methods
and products:

Kill Spam With Your Own Two Hands 
By Stephen Manes, 06.23.03, 12:00 AM ET 
http://www.forbes.com/free_forbes/2003/0623/136.html


The author proposes: "A free one, as implemented by the editor of this
magazine: Give your correspondents a password to include in the subject
line of messages. Then use your e-mail software's filters to trash any
message that both lacks the password and comes from a sender not in your
address book. It costs not a sou, and it works--if you don't mind
missing greetings from old schoolmates, alerts from online vendors and
entreaties from offspring who forget the code. "

Note: The method of having groups vote on what is and is not spam, which
he claims is used by Cloudmark SpamNet and Matador, may be an
infringement or use of US patent 6,453,327 issued to Jakob Nielsen
(otherwise famous for "usability research). 
See: http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6453327

		bob wyman

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Subject: Re: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
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Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2003 21:06:25 +0100

> 
> I fear nothing good will come of this thread.
> 

I think you're probably right. Maybe chair should outlaw this topic.




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From: "Shannon Jacobs" <shanen@acm.org>
To: <Asrg@ietf.org>
References: <5.1.1.6.0.20030527103413.027cd068@controller1.ukerna.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: What are your criteria for the end of spam?
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Rodney Tillotson wrote:
> At 26/05/2003 07:02 +0900, Shannon Jacobs wrote:

A few hundred messages later (on 7 June)... First, a meta-observation. As
I've already remarked, the volume of traffic here reminds me of the volume
of spam one of my old spamified email accounts received. Yes, there is an
actual signal here, but there's also a lot of noise and fury.

Observation 1: The sheer volume of ASRG email makes it essentially
impossible for people without a whole lot of time to participate
effectively.

Conclusion 1: The discussions tend to be dominated by a few people with lots
of time. Maybe they'll cover all the bases, but I doubt it. In particular,
those few people are apparently uninterested in economics, and I remain
convinced that the heart of the spam problem is economic. As long as the
spammers can dream up new get-rich-quick schemes, they will continue trying
to devise new ways to break any system. (However, I do like several aspects
of the RMX and TitanKey C/R systems.)

Observation 2: The essential independence of email messages results in lots
of quoting.

Conclusion 2: That increases the redundancy, increases the volume, and makes
the situation worse, and suggests that email is a poor tool for this job.

Now I'm going to flog those dead old economic issues again...

>> 1) We want to be informed of the best values.
>> 2) We don't want to give up our privacy.
>> 3) Companies compete to create the best values.
>> 4) Email could help customers find the best values.
>
> If (1,4) _I_ want to be informed, _I_ go and do something about
> it. I opt IN to a few things (even the ASRG list ...). I don't
> want to be informed of stuff on the basis of someone else's
> values.

Very good point, which I why I think the recipient should set the values and
the advertisers should pay up or go away. However, on additional reflection,
the problem seems very intractable because my value for information changes
all the time. Concrete example with "me" as the email recipient and "you" as
the advertiser with a car to sell:

When I am not interested in buying a new car, I do not want to receive car
ads, and I'd want to charge you a lot of money if you insist on my seeing
your ad. In that state of mind, I'm also a bad prospect, and so you would be
wasting your money to pay for me to see the ad. The obvious conclusion is
that you won't bother me, but will spend your advertising money to reach a
more likely prospect.

It's actually pretty simple statistics. You compare the negative and
positive expectations. The cost of sending email is a negative expectation,
while the positive expectation is the profit from the sale times the (small)
probability that I will actually buy it from you. Arbitrary example, but
suppose I charge you $10 to read your email, the profit from the sale is
$500, and the probability for my type of customer is 1%. You'd have to email
100 such customers to make one $500 sale, but the cost would be $1,000
(100x$10), so rationally, you won't do it. (Of course the spammers think of
0 as the cost, so any positive expectation, no matter how small, apparently
justifies their spamming.)

However, if I actually am interested in buying a new car, the situation is
very different, and I actually would highly value receiving your email. It
might save me a lot of money if you really are offering the best deal. Even
if you aren't offering the best deal, you would be providing data that would
help me recognize the best deal. If I've moved into a category with a 10%
probability of buying, then it is very much worth it for you to pay the $10
to reach me.

Much more to say on the economic topic, but that's all the time I can spare
from my actual life...

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Date: Fri, 6 Jun 2003 18:34:48 -0400


This topic has been debated on this mailing list at least three times. Each
time the debate goes on for days. After a while, we reach consensus but have
gained no ground.

Please read this carefully from the charter: 

"The Anti-Spam Research Group (ASRG) focuses on the problem of unwanted
email messages,"

"The definition of spam messages is not clear and is not consistent across
different individuals or organizations. Therefore, we generalize the problem
into "consent-based communication". This means that an individual or
organization should be able to express consent or lack of consent for
certain communication and have the architecture support those desires."

We could debate the meaning of spam forever. The point here is to generalize
to a problem of unwanted communication. This can be framed into a problem of
consent-based communication. This allows anyone's interpretation of 'spam'
to be expressed and enforced. For example, if someone decides on the
definition of 'unsolicited bulk email', this can be expressed and enforced.
Additionally, a particular solution may focus on preventing or detecting a
certain type of communication. For example, one proposal focuses only on
detecting bulk email. Another proposal focuses on detecting solicited email.
A different proposal focuses on detecting email with authentic path and
sender information. All of these different proposals form part of a
consent-based communication system.

As a solution is proposed, it should state the classes or types of unwanted
messages that it will be effective against. With proper measurement and
characterization work, we should be able to understand what percentage of
the current spam volume that describes. Additionally, the system must state
the assumptions upon which it is based. This allows analysis of the
robustness of the system in the face of countermeasures that may reverse
these assumptions.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jon Kyme [mailto:jrk@merseymail.com] 
> Sent: Friday, June 06, 2003 4:06 PM
> To: Scott Nelson
> Cc: ASRG
> Subject: Re: RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
> 
> 
> > 
> > I fear nothing good will come of this thread.
> > 
> 
> I think you're probably right. Maybe chair should outlaw this topic.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> --
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
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On June 6, 2003 at 07:13 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > > "Bulk" is a group experience, I only know it is "bulk" because a lot
 > > of other people received it. When I look at one msg on the screen I
 > > have no idea if anyone else received it.
 > 
 > Bulk is a group thing, but the last sentence of that paragraph is not
 > right.  Given a single message, you practically always know whether
 > it was bulk.

Replace "know" with "make a pretty good guess" and I'll agree. But
that was my point, you can only guess unless you happen to have access
to other mailboxes or equivalent (logs etc.) or proceed to resources
as you mention to investigate whether this was actually bulk. That it
passes the duck test doesn't really matter.

E.g., I've been hassled in my life by script kiddies running a bunch
of old spam at my mailbox to harass me.

That isn't bulk, but at first it looked like it.

Ok, I'll agree that most mail that looks like bulk probably is and
stop nit-picking, but there's a reason...

What I'm trying to say is that the "bulk" aspect isn't all that
important when you're fuming at yet another herbal viagra ad on your
screen, it's something that happened to you.

You'd have the same exact reaction, most likely, if you were the only
person on the planet who received that message.

So "bulk" is more of a social consciousness observation while
"unsolicited" is a personal observation.

It's like that movie "Spanish Prisoner" I watched the last third of
the other night so might have this slightly wrong.

But the main guy is a victim of a rather intricate Spanish Prisoner
scam (the Nigerian scams are Spanish Prisoner scams), it's gone way
over the edge to the point that he doesn't know who is helping him and
who is scamming him right down to his personal friends etc.

At one point he's trying to get help from an FBI agent who hears some
of his story and looks him square in the eye and says "Made ya feel
bad huh?!" in an icy way.

And it was clear right there what the agent was saying, that the FBI
is NOT in the "made ya feel bad huh?!" business.

And that's where we need to find a line if any of this is going to
succeed.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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Subject: Re: *Possible Spam *RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2
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On June 6, 2003 at 07:45 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > Those recent contributions disagreeing with defining spam as unsolicited
 > bulk email do point out that any definition of "spam" is likely to be
 > hopelessly controversial among the general public, and suggest that this
 > group should concentrate on "consent" and "unsolicited bulk email" without
 > worrying about "spam."

I think it suggests we concentrate on illegal+unethical methods
spammers exploit in the hope of at least making them more accountable,
as a first project.

That's why the whole RMX thing came up.

I don't happen to agree that it's very germaine to spamming but I also
don't think it's a bad thing either.

But it's in the space of fraudulent identity which spammers do
exploit, which I think is one reason why it rang true with a lot of
people even if (as I fear) it's not all that much help with spam.

I think the deep social wisdom that comes through the ages is make
them put their name on it and it'll stop. Just don't ask me how.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: What are your criteria for the end of spam?
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I'd be surprised if anyone here doesn't know the "economics" you just
managed to spend about 3 pages of text explaining.

The basic idea you expressed seems to be repeated in every other
article about spam.

Tell us what you'd do with these insights instead of telling us yet
again that if 1 in 100 people respond to a spam that's a 1% etc., etc.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

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Subject: Re: *Possible Spam *RE: [Asrg] criteria for spam V2 
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Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2003 21:40:30 -0400

<ritual line-eater food>

During a conference call (organized by, but not limited to members of, the
ICANN Registrar Constituency) today, the second of three prior to the ICANN
meeting in Montreal later this month, on the perenial subject of WHOIS:43,
through all the usual clutter, one germ fell from the USPTO presentation.

A rational for (skip the bogosity of) unrestricted, accurate, and intrusive
domain name registrant data being available via whois:43, is timely pursuit
of bad actors, who switch servers.

This is where I want everyone to pause, and look away from the screen for
a heart beat.

The temporal properties of bad actors. Their "switching time", their TTL.

Bad actors acquire, utilize, and discard interdictable resources to avoid
interdiction (or interposition of null service by some service operator).

I didn't press the USPTO presenter on the common case inter-provider
transition window, but I suspect it -- their "hop time" -- is multi-day. 

In our (worst) case of robo-spam, the A-U-D sequence has a time horizon
that is sub-day, even sub-hour (time for null service to be provided on
the serviced receiver-set).

Presently, bad actors (trademark and/or copyright infringers) are known
to "twinkle" in the DNS (jump from web host to web host) to avoid going
dark. The signalling system in place is

	while (1) {
		IPR claimant -> Registrar::whois:43 -> web host
		IPR infringer -> new(web host) && new(DNS)
	}

Wearing a Registrar's hat, it is trivial to insert a wait-bit into the
data some DNS publisher might check prior to modifying the mappings for
a name, or otherwise interpose a delay service on mapping changes for a
domain. Getting the arbitrary DNS provider to check is another problem.
This gets the last line to this:

		IPR infringer -> new(web host) && wait(new(DNS))

Presumably, going "steady" allows the IPR claimant to catch up with
the IPR infringer, and allow some administrative, judicial, or extra
legal recourse to the claimant, resulting in the infringer going "dark".

Getting IPR infringers in the DNS to "go dark" is the big win in that
problem domain, and as soon as I heard "switch web host" I was thinking
about update timers and how to signal between the DNS provisioning and
DNS publication systems.

Clearly, this problem is not a superset of the problem space we face here,
the domain name, or control of the name-to-address map, is not a transient
asset with no inherent value to the bad actor, unlike the name, addr, even
host for robo-host spam-streams, this is rather, one of the subsets we do
face.

I'm going to put this in I-D form, I've got some time on my hands before
the ICANN shindig. This note is a FYI that some ID is forthcomming, and
if I'm gifted, I'll manage not to mention either "whois" or "spam" at all.

Note well: Comments about the brain death of whois, or whois lovers and
whois haters is a sure sign of stupidity. Ditto anything about the poor
hygine of anything connected with ICANN. The only thing of interest here
is the temporal use properties of infrastructure mediated resources by bad
actors, who's bad actor model does not allow them to discard a resource
and acquire a fungible equivalent.

Cheers,
Eric
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Thanks for the clarification. I'm talking about 4.1.1.2 of RFC 2821,
"MAIL FROM".  

"The reverse-path consists of the sender mailbox."  

What I'm saying is that because some CR systems do not set the MAIL FROM
to be the sender mailbox, some CR systems cannot interoperate because of
the reasons stated earlier in this thread. All I'm saying is that for
good CRI, the MAIL FROM should be that of the sender's mailbox.




> Careful perusal of the relevant RFCs shows that there are differences 
> between these fields. Section 3.6.2 of RFC 2822, 
> distinguishes between 
> various "sender" fields:
> 
> o "The "From:" field specifies the author(s) of the message, 
> that is, the 
> mailbox(es) of the person(s) or system(s) responsible for the 
> writing of 
> the message."
> o "The "Sender:" field specifies the mailbox of the agent 
> responsible for 
> the actual transmission of the message. "
> o "When the "Reply-To:" field is present, it indicates the 
> mailbox(es) to 
> which the author of the message suggests that replies be sent."
> 
> The "FROM" field is the one that will get C/R checked, since 
> that is the 
> mailbox that sent the email. Additionally, the "MAIL FROM" 
> addresses that 
> is used in SMTP is not intended to this purpose, rather it 
> indicates a 
> mailbox to which errors should be sent to. It is perfectly legal and 
> sometimes even recommended in RFC 2821 to use <> for the MAIL FROM.
> 
> Yakov
> 
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> -------------------------------------
> Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
> SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> -------------------------------------
> "One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps 
> his eyes on the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> -------------------------------------  
> 
> 
> 
> 


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From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
To: "Scott Nelson" <scott@spamwolf.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
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Date: Fri, 6 Jun 2003 18:24:52 -1000
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I agree, a challenge can be seen as a DSN or a new message. My point is
that in either case, the MAIL FROM or REPLYTO should be consistent with
the challenger's email address, otherwise 2 C/R systems will challenge
each other's challenge.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Scott Nelson [mailto:scott@spamwolf.com] 
> Sent: Friday, June 06, 2003 7:09 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
> 
> 
> At 03:22 PM 6/5/03 -0400, Kee Hinckley wrote:
> >At 10:52 AM -0400 6/5/03, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >>The "FROM" field is the one that will get C/R checked, since that is
> >>the mailbox that sent the email. Additionally, the "MAIL FROM" 
> >>addresses that is used in SMTP is not intended to this purpose, 
> >>rather it indicates a mailbox to which errors should be sent to. It 
> >>is perfectly legal and sometimes even recommended in RFC 
> 2821 to use 
> >><> for the MAIL FROM.
> >
> >Are you advocating that C/R systems send mail to the From: address
> >rather than MAIL FROM?  That strikes me as exceedingly wrong.  MAIL 
> >FROM is for notification of delivery problems--and that's exactly 
> >what C/R is.  Furthermore, we've seen on this list what happens when 
> >a C/R system sends to From: instead of MAIL FROM--everyone who posts 
> >to the list gets challenged by the person who forgot to 
> whitelist the 
> >mailing list.  This is the "On Vacation" message problem all over 
> >again.
> >
> 
> There are basically two choices;
> Envelope from a.k.a. MAIL FROM, and 
> Reply-To: (or From: if there's no Reply-To:)
> 
> 
> If you view a challenge as a DSN then envelope from is the proper
> choice.  I'd even go so far as to format the challenge as an
> RFC 1894 compliant DSN.  (This has the interesting side effect
> that challenging a mailing list is likely to unsubscribe you
> automatically)  And like any DSN, I recommend including the 
> message-id in the In-Reply-To: and Reference: headers.
> 
> If however, you view a challenge as a new message, 
> then sending it to the Reply-To: (or From: if there is no Reply-To:)
> is the more logical choice.
> 
> Personally I feel that challenges are DSNs, so envelope from
> is the right choice, but I can see the "new message" 
> point of view too.
> 
> 
> Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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Date: Sat, 07 Jun 2003 11:21:38 -0700

At 06:24 PM 6/6/03 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
>I agree, a challenge can be seen as a DSN or a new message. My point is
>that in either case, the MAIL FROM or REPLYTO should be consistent with
>the challenger's email address, otherwise 2 C/R systems will challenge
>each other's challenge.
>

If you're sending a DSN, then the From: header could be your address,
but the MAIL FROM should probably be <>.
That prevents a lot of bad things from happening.

Setting the MAIL FROM to your address means that you could end up
challenging a non-existent address, then the mailer_daemon that
bounces the mail back to you.
If the C/R system was really broken, it could challenge bounces 
from a non-existent address endlessly, but in the normal case
this is only twice as much work as you need to do.


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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On Tuesday, Jun 3, 2003, at 19:33 US/Eastern, Barry Shein wrote:
> I've been thinking about the various definitions of "spam" and thought
> of another criteria which isn't necessarily mutually exclusive but
> captures something important:
>
>   Spam is e-mail from a source which is hard to impossible for
>   the recipient to stop and/or reasonably prevent from receiving.

Yes, this is good. This is a sufficient, but not a necessary, condition 
for something to be classed as spam.

Perhaps the way to come up with an acceptable definition of spam is to 
enumerate sufficient conditions, rather than to attempt to encapsulate 
both necessary and sufficient conditions within a single definition.

So... Each of the following conditions is sufficient, but not 
necessary, for an e-mail to be categorized as spam:

- It is from a source which it is hard or impossible for the recipient 
to stop from sending further messages.

- It is unsolicited commercial bulk e-mail from an organization the 
recipient does not have any prior relationship with.

- It is bulk e-mail from an organization the recipient does have a 
prior relationship with, but the subject matter of the e-mail is 
outside the scope of subject matter about which the recipient agreed to 
receive e-mail from the organization.

- It is bulk e-mail from a source the recipient has requested not send 
him any further e-mail.


mathew

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On Wednesday, Jun 4, 2003, at 22:39 US/Eastern, Barry Shein wrote:
> This is why, without per-message fees, this system is doomed. It's
> just a matter of time.

I agree with this too. Of all the options discussed, the only one I see 
having any chance whatsoever of working is per-message fees, with some 
method to exempt friends.

Right now we have the situation that usage of resources is 
unconstrained by cost to the person using them. Can anyone think of a 
system like that which hasn't collapsed under the weight of abuse?


mathew

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From: Margie Arbon <margie@mail-abuse.org>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Sat, 07 Jun 2003 15:24:35 -0700
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--On Saturday, June 07, 2003 5:36 PM -0400 mathew <meta@pobox.com> 
wrote:

> - It is from a source which it is hard or impossible for the
> recipient to stop from sending further messages.

There are ~25,000,000 small businesses in the US alone. If 10% of 
them decided to send you one email per year, you would get 6,849 
peices of mail a day.  It would be hard or impossible to get those to 
stop.

> - It is unsolicited commercial bulk e-mail from an organization the
> recipient does not have any prior relationship with.

Define prior business relationship.  If I have a store credit card 
with Company, Inc., and have never given them my email address for 
any reason, do they get to e-pend it from other sources, merely 
because they can?  Yes, I have a business relationship with Company, 
Inc., but they were never granted permission to extend that 
relationship into an arena I have not chosen to invite them into, 
namely my inbox.

How about registering software or a waffle iron for waranty purposes? 
If I don't give them an email address, do they have a right to go 
find one, because we have a "business" relationship?

Is a bulk email for a survey or to preach to me about the Church of 
$diety or to ask for donations spam?  It's not commercial.

Spam is not about content, it is about consent.


> - It is bulk e-mail from an organization the recipient does have a
> prior relationship with, but the subject matter of the e-mail is
> outside the scope of subject matter about which the recipient
> agreed to receive e-mail from the organization.

Define "agreed".  The recipient and the sender often have varying 
definitions of "permission".

> - It is bulk e-mail from a source the recipient has requested not
> send him any further e-mail.

One free bite? No.



http://mail-abuse.org/standard.html

An electronic message is "spam" IF: (1) the recipient's personal 
identity and context are irrelevant because the message is equally 
applicable to many other potential recipients; AND (2) the recipient 
has not verifiably granted deliberate, explicit, and still-revocable 
permission for it to be sent; AND (3) the transmission and reception 
of the message appears to the recipient to give a disproportionate 
benefit to the sender.

DISCUSSION:

(i) Trivial or mechanised personalization such as "Dear Mr. Jones, we 
see that you are the holder of the JONES.COM domain" does not make 
the personal identity of the recipient relevant in any way.

(ii) Failing to click the "do not send me marketing literature by 
e-mail" button in a web sign-up form does not convey explicit 
permission. Only when the default result is "no followup e-mail" AND 
the inbox impact is clearly stated before any action which changes 
this result, can permission of this kind be conveyed.

(iii) The appearance of disproportionate benefit to the sender, and 
the relevancy of the recipient's specific personal identity, are 
authoritatively determined by the recipient, and is not subject to 
argument or reinterpretation by the sender.

(iv) Non-personal e-mail always places a disproportionate cost burden 
on the recipient, and is considered to disproportionately benefit the 
sender unless it was verifiably solicited or by the recipient's 
willing exception.

(v) A message need not be offensive or commercial in order to fit the 
definition of "spam." Content is irrelevent except to the extent 
necessary to determine personal applicability, consent, and benefit.


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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On Thursday, Jun 5, 2003, at 15:25 US/Eastern, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>:
>> ...
>> If CNN's recipient list meets the criteria you outline then the bulk
>> mailing must be delivered for free and without interference.
>>
>> Who exactly is to provide these bottomless resources is not your
>> concern, resources must be provided because it'd be FAIR, and we all
>> know the world is free of starving children, people w/o proper medical
>> care, and victims of despots, because if it's FAIR then it's field of
>> dreams, the resources must appear. ....
>
> That and the following is equivalent to UPS whining about the cost of
> delivering all of those packages.  Instead, the people who solicited
> CNN's stuff should be paying you just as they also pay you for the
> GBytes of dirty pictures they fetch with FTP and HTTP and the GBytess
> of pirated MP3s they fetch with "file sharing" protocols.
>
> Or do you run one of those ISPs that claims to provide something for
> nothing?

Charging the recipient is never going to work.

Even assuming for the moment that we could magically solve the problem 
of unsolicited e-mail, such that users would only get charged for stuff 
they had actually asked for, there's an insurmountable problem: the 
companies who want to do marketing on the Internet will never go for it.

Reason being, nobody (plus or minus a handful of people) will pay to 
receive marketing messages. Which means that if your vision of 
receiver-pays happened, e-mail based marketing would die a rapid death.

Many non-marketing mailing lists would die rapidly too. How many 
mailing lists that you subscribe to would you still subscribe to if you 
had to pay by the message? Would you even subscribe to *this* mailing 
list if every e-mail was costing you money?

Users don't like per-message or per-minute receiving fees on services 
they pay for. Look at mobile phones--the US has lagged behind Europe in 
mobile phone usage because users must pay by the minute to *receive* 
calls.

How much junk mail would you agree to receive if you had to pay the 
USPS for received mail? In fact, early on the postal system was 
"recipient pays". That scheme fell apart in no time.


mathew

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Sat, 7 Jun 2003 18:31:00 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Margie Arbon <margie@mail-abuse.org>

> ...
> > - It is unsolicited commercial bulk e-mail from an organization the
> > recipient does not have any prior relationship with.
>
> Define prior business relationship.  If I have a store credit card 
> with Company, Inc., and have never given them my email address for 
> any reason, do they get to e-pend it from other sources, merely 
> because they can?  Yes, I have a business relationship with Company, 
> Inc., but they were never granted permission to extend that 
> relationship into an arena I have not chosen to invite them into, 
> namely my inbox.
> ...

According to "Legislators Call for Fix to Law Against Unsolicited
E-Mails" in the Friday's "Wall Street Journal"
( http://online.wsj.com/article/0,,SB105484626839598400,00.html may
require a subscription) Sprint argued that you do have a prior business
relationship in such a case:

]                        ... Sprint Corp. for example, denied
] sending unsolicited mail to Terry Gillman, one of Mr. Riddle's
] clients. In court papers, the Overland Park, Kan., telecommunications
] company argued that Mr. Gillman agreed to receive promotional e-mail
] while registering in April 2002 on a Web site owned by closely held
] Audio Galaxy, an online music company. Addresses collected by Audio
] Galaxy were sold and resold and ended up with a company called
] GroupLotto that initiated a mailing for Sprint long-distance phone service.


Disclaimer:  I think the DCC deals better with that kind of slime than
with the current flood of porn, loan shark, and drug spam.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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On Saturday, Jun 7, 2003, at 18:24 US/Eastern, Margie Arbon wrote:
> --On Saturday, June 07, 2003 5:36 PM -0400 mathew <meta@pobox.com> 
> wrote:
>> - It is from a source which it is hard or impossible for the
>> recipient to stop from sending further messages.
>
> There are ~25,000,000 small businesses in the US alone. If 10% of them 
> decided to send you one email per year, you would get 6,849 peices of 
> mail a day.  It would be hard or impossible to get those to stop.

You seem to be in agreement with me then, since I would consider small 
businesses each sending me one unsolicited marketing message per year 
as spam.

>> - It is unsolicited commercial bulk e-mail from an organization the
>> recipient does not have any prior relationship with.
>
> Define prior business relationship.

It's up for debate. I'd start with something fairly tight, like I have 
to have given them the information. Remember, we're talking about 
sufficient, not necessary, conditions.

>> - It is bulk e-mail from an organization the recipient does have a
>> prior relationship with, but the subject matter of the e-mail is
>> outside the scope of subject matter about which the recipient
>> agreed to receive e-mail from the organization.
>
> Define "agreed".  The recipient and the sender often have varying 
> definitions of "permission".

Again, I'd take the conservative route, and say that I must have 
explicitly stated that I agree to it.

>> - It is bulk e-mail from a source the recipient has requested not
>> send him any further e-mail.
>
> One free bite? No.

You seem not to understand the concept of "sufficient but not 
necessary". I am defining that if I've asked not to get e-mail and I 
still get it, it's spam. I'm NOT saying that if I haven't asked not to 
get e-mail, it's not spam.


mathew

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To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich 
[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
>
> >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> >wrote:
> >8<...>8
> > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There isn't an RFC
> > > 2822
> > > registration process that I am aware of.
> >
> >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the introduction
> >of an
> >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as effective?'
> >[..]
>
> Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until the standard
> gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard is approved
> then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is similar to the
> HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to indicate gzip
> encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).

I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to interpose is that 
perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for the proposal is 
the type of question that should be asked at this state.

-e
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To: "'bob@wyman.us'" <bob@wyman.us>, "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Forbes Survey of Anti-Spam methods and products
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On Friday, June 06, 2003 3:01 PM, Bob Wyman [SMTP:bob@wyman.us] wrote:
> FYI: Forbes has a fairly detailed article surveying Anti-Spam methods
> and products:
> 
> Kill Spam With Your Own Two Hands 
> By Stephen Manes, 06.23.03, 12:00 AM ET 
                    ^^^^^^^^
How'd they manage that?

-e


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On Thursday, June 05, 2003 2:29 PM, Vernon Schryver 
[SMTP:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> That is just as true of technical spam defenses as burglar alarms and
> the SEC's insider trading detection systems.  The techncial machinery
> can do a good job, but it can never be even as imperfect as we are
> (at least not until we have truely thinking and understanding computers).
> There will always be cases where the machinery gets it wrong, as well
> as cases where we can't agree on what's right.
>
> Insisting that the machinery be absolutely in-line with what we think
> is spam is equivalent to the obvious nonsense that false positives
> and false negatives will never happen.

That is precisely the issue.  Well put.  IMHO, it begs the question how will 
'impact acceptability' levels be characterized, e.g. branded, in a proposal?

-e
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To: "'Scott Nelson'" <scott@spamwolf.com>, "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
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On Friday, June 06, 2003 1:56 PM, Scott Nelson [SMTP:scott@spamwolf.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> 
> I fear nothing good will come of this thread.

I think that something good just did. :-)

-e

On Friday, June 06, 2003 1:56 PM, Scott Nelson [SMTP:scott@spamwolf.com] wrote:
8<moved from top>8
> For example, IMO Spam is excessive unwanted email, not unsolicited bulk.
> But most use the term "unsolicited" because "unwanted" is such a 
> fuzzy concept.  To my way of thinking, "unsolicited" is the just
> the best test we can apply to determine if an email is in the class
> of things we can do something about.  So we filter UBE because
> it's much easier to understand what that should do, and how to do it.
> "Spam" isn't "UBE" exactly, (though there's a lot of overlap),
> and the concept is "don't try and claim UBE is the definition of spam,
> but rather, say we're going after UBE which is close enough to what
> most people think of as spam that it's good enough".
> 
> 
> Bulk is also a fuzzy concept.  But just because there are
> shades of gray, it doesn't mean we can't tell black from white.
> Rather than defining the line, we could define the gray area.
> I.e.  1000 or more is bulk.  1 or less is not.
> Between 1 and 1000 may or may not be bulk, but the dividing
> line requires human judgement and depends on circumstances,
> so we're not going be any more precise than that.
> 
> In my experience, this sort of "fuzzy area" definition is
> accepted immediately by spam fighters, though they question
> if we can't be less generous and reduce the number to say 100,
> or maybe even 20. 
> But it's completely unacceptable to spammer fighters.
> Just suggesting it can polarize the group and ultimately 
> result in one camp storming off.
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Date: Sun, 08 Jun 2003 02:36:40 -0400

Just ran across this SlashDot story that discussed a hole in Hotmail that 
allows spammers to use HotMail for spam 
(http://yro.slashdot.org/yro/03/06/08/0257203.shtml). The source appears to 
be this weblog (http://www.unicom.com/chrome/a/000262.html) and there is a 
link to this SpamCop article (http://spamcop.net/fom-serve/cache/363.html). 
And here is a link to a howto on how to do it 
(http://www.thecodeproject.com/csharp/httpmail.asp).

This seems to support someone's opinion that HotMail is being actively used 
for spamming. Note, that a CRI protocol will not help here since the 
HotMail C/R system will authenticate the sender. Only active involvement by 
the ISP and limiting amount of outgoing email will help. RMX will not 
resolve this issue either.

The best is one of the comments on the posting, which appears to be a copy 
of a letter from MS's customer service:

----snip---
I have checked the mail including the headers and it appears that the
mail passed through a Hotmail server. However, kindly note that this
does not mean such e-mail originated from our domain.

Sometimes, e-mail delivery between different domains are relayed
through other servers. This is the reason why a Hotmail server appears
in the mail header. It is possible that your ISP or e-mail provider
employs such method.
----snip---

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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From: "Shannon Jacobs" <shanen@acm.org>
To: "Balachander Krishnamurthy" <bala@research.att.com>
Cc: <asrg@ietf.org>
References: <200306071621.MAA25598@raptor.research.att.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] Re: economics of spam
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Yes, I did look at your (Mr. Krishnamurthy's) work, and found several
aspects worthy of consideration. My two comments at this point would be that
it doesn't seem to go far enough in the economic sense, and it didn't seem
to elicit much discussion within the ASRG. However, it is possible that I
missed a more extensive discussion of the topic, since the volume of the
ASRG discussion is so large, and my own time for participation is rather
limited.

I also admired several aspects of the TitanKey system, and that one did
receive extensive discussion in ASRG. However, little of that discussion
seemed to be either economic-based or constructive. However, they (the
TitanKey people) are definitely offering a slightly different approach, and
they have an interesting economic model for the marketing, so it is quite
possible their system will succeed, at least if success is defined in terms
of being widely adopted and being profitable for their company. (However, I
think the spammers will just see it as yet another form of yield reduction
to be offset with more millions of spam email messages.)

Balachander Krishnamurthy wrote:
> take a look at
> http://www.research.att.com/~bala/papers/shred-ietf56-talk.pdf
> or
> http://www.research.att.com/~bala/papers/shred-ietf56-talk.ps
> a scheme that uses economic disincentives to reduce spam.
>
> cheers,
> bala

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Forbes Survey of Anti-Spam methods and products
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Perhaps switching to Mozilla's mail client and using the Junk Mail 
filtering software built into it.

Eric D. Williams wrote:

>On Friday, June 06, 2003 3:01 PM, Bob Wyman [SMTP:bob@wyman.us] wrote:
>  
>
>>FYI: Forbes has a fairly detailed article surveying Anti-Spam methods
>>and products:
>>
>>Kill Spam With Your Own Two Hands 
>>By Stephen Manes, 06.23.03, 12:00 AM ET 
>>    
>>
>                    ^^^^^^^^
>How'd they manage that?
>
>-e
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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>
>  
>


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I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with proposing a new
RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of it, then so be it.
I'll proceed br producing a draft with real 2822-type headers.

However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate in the
meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed 2822 headers

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> Sent: Saturday, June 07, 2003 11:11 PM
> To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; 'Eric Dean'; asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
>
>
> On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich
> [SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> >
> > >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean
> [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> > >wrote:
> > >8<...>8
> > > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There
> isn't an RFC
> > > > 2822
> > > > registration process that I am aware of.
> > >
> > >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the
> introduction
> > >of an
> > >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as effective?'
> > >[..]
> >
> > Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until the standard
> > gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard
> is approved
> > then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is similar to the
> > HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to indicate gzip
> > encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
>
> I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to
> interpose is that
> perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for
> the proposal is
> the type of question that should be asked at this state.
>
> -e
>

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Date: Sun, 08 Jun 2003 13:30:18 -0400

At 10:19 PM 6/5/2003 -0400, Tony Hansen wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>>The question is what do we do during the standards process until the RFC 
>>is approved, do we use "X-" or the regular headers?
>
>Simple: you write the internet draft in terms of what you expect to be 
>standardized. That is, in terms of regular headers.
>
>For example, when the MIME standard was being worked on, the internet 
>drafts were written using headers such as Content-Type, etc. They were NOT 
>written using X-Content-Type, and the name changed right before 
>publication. It was specified as Content-Type all along.

Tony,

Thanks for pointing this out.

Yakov  

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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Sun, 08 Jun 2003 13:35:22 -0400

Now that the issue on the RFC 2822 headers is settled, I would like to 
bring up the issue of MIME and SMTP for CRI. Like I pointed out before, in 
my opinion the CRI protocol should utilize both RFC 2822 and MIME headers, 
with optional SMTP negotiation. In certain instances, like Vernon stated, 
MIME headers would have to be used when large amounts of data (larger than 
the 998 character limit of RFC 2822 headers) need to be transferred. 
Examples would be C/R systems transferring digital certificate chains and 
replying with a single challenge/response message for multiple recipients. 
Additionally, SMTP CRI via some ESMTP extension would be useful in certain 
cases.

Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol as 
extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their own 
features such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.

Yakov


At 10:47 AM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:

>I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with proposing a new
>RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of it, then so be it.
>I'll proceed br producing a draft with real 2822-type headers.
>
>However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate in the
>meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed 2822 headers
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> > Sent: Saturday, June 07, 2003 11:11 PM
> > To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; 'Eric Dean'; asrg@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> >
> >
> > On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich
> > [SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> > >
> > > >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean
> > [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> > > >wrote:
> > > >8<...>8
> > > > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There
> > isn't an RFC
> > > > > 2822
> > > > > registration process that I am aware of.
> > > >
> > > >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the
> > introduction
> > > >of an
> > > >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as effective?'
> > > >[..]
> > >
> > > Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until the standard
> > > gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard
> > is approved
> > > then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is similar to the
> > > HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to indicate gzip
> > > encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
> >
> > I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to
> > interpose is that
> > perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for
> > the proposal is
> > the type of question that should be asked at this state.
> >
> > -e
> >

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Date: Sun, 8 Jun 2003 13:44:10 -0400

It seems to me that the most natural mechanism for CRI
content is to treat it as a form of DSN.
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Date: Sun, 08 Jun 2003 14:26:01 -0400

At 07:40 PM 6/8/2003 +0900, Shannon Jacobs wrote:
>[..]
>I also admired several aspects of the TitanKey system, and that one did
>receive extensive discussion in ASRG. However, little of that discussion
>seemed to be either economic-based or constructive.
>[..]

In our discussion on the CRI protocol being proposed by Eric Dean, there is 
definitely space for "e-postage" and similar economic systems. The 
challenge/response tokens can definitely be digital certificates or 
signatures, indicating payment information. I think the common 
misconception in the group is that economic system will not take off, that 
would not be true necessarily - they probably will and we will account for 
them in the CRI protocol.

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Maybe I'm a minimalist, but I'm not sure where 998 characters is a limit for
CRI.  Hell, I'm not even concerned about the 78 characters that are
"preferred".

I would prefer not including hash cash, digital sigs, etc within a CRI
model.  I'd prefer to keep it simple.  that's not to say that these
additional capabilities are not warranted nor provide additional value.  In
fact, they may be of such value that they can stand alone.

Regarding SMTP mods..I think we should reserve that concept and develop it
within a subsequent version...but rather focus and define what's currently
at hand.  There are a few dozen C/R system that could benefit from an
interworking model

> Now that the issue on the RFC 2822 headers is settled, I would like to
> bring up the issue of MIME and SMTP for CRI. Like I pointed out
> before, in
> my opinion the CRI protocol should utilize both RFC 2822 and MIME
> headers,
> with optional SMTP negotiation. In certain instances, like Vernon stated,
> MIME headers would have to be used when large amounts of data
> (larger than
> the 998 character limit of RFC 2822 headers) need to be transferred.
> Examples would be C/R systems transferring digital certificate chains and
> replying with a single challenge/response message for multiple
> recipients.
> Additionally, SMTP CRI via some ESMTP extension would be useful
> in certain
> cases.
>
> Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol as
> extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their own
> features such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.
>
> Yakov
>
>
> At 10:47 AM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
>
> >I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with
> proposing a new
> >RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of it,
> then so be it.
> >I'll proceed br producing a draft with real 2822-type headers.
> >
> >However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate in the
> >meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed
> 2822 headers
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> > > Sent: Saturday, June 07, 2003 11:11 PM
> > > To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; 'Eric Dean'; asrg@ietf.org
> > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> > >
> > >
> > > On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich
> > > [SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > > At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> > > >
> > > > >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean
> > > [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> > > > >wrote:
> > > > >8<...>8
> > > > > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There
> > > isn't an RFC
> > > > > > 2822
> > > > > > registration process that I am aware of.
> > > > >
> > > > >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the
> > > introduction
> > > > >of an
> > > > >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as
> effective?'
> > > > >[..]
> > > >
> > > > Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until
> the standard
> > > > gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard
> > > is approved
> > > > then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is
> similar to the
> > > > HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to
> indicate gzip
> > > > encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
> > >
> > > I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to
> > > interpose is that
> > > perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for
> > > the proposal is
> > > the type of question that should be asked at this state.
> > >
> > > -e
> > >
>
>

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Date: Sun, 08 Jun 2003 18:19:38 -0400

The IPR document for the ASRG has been updated. The following was changed:

ADDED: Section 4.2.1. Jakob Nielsen's patent on coordinated filtering. This 
affects systems such as SpamNet, Matador and DCC.

The document can be found at:

http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Date: Sun, 8 Jun 2003 18:24:41 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> The IPR document for the ASRG has been updated. The following was changed:
>
> ADDED: Section 4.2.1. Jakob Nielsen's patent on coordinated filtering. This 
> affects systems such as SpamNet, Matador and DCC.

Such obviously false analyses are not helpful.  That I trust you
didn't intend to make a mistake and don't know why your analysis
is false for at least one, probably two, and quite possibly all
three of those mechanisms is all the more reason to not offer such
analyses in the future.

Statements about which patents affect which tactics based on ignorance
of those tactics and superficial reading of patent claims asside, your
list of patents could be interesting to people trying to avoid a few
arbitrarily chosen patents, but it would be utterly foolish to rely
on your list instead of a patent search.  Your list can never be
comprehensive without doing a real patent search, and even then one
cannot know about impending patents.

I apologize for this less than friendly note, but potentially damaging
bogus analyses of intellectual property need to be challenged and
squelched.  In the future, please just collect the patents and leave
the analyzing to patent lawyers, or at least people who are familiar
with the various anti-spam mechanisms.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Date: Sun, 08 Jun 2003 21:28:48 -0400

Dear Vernon,

1. For the record of all the ASRG members - I am not a lawyer and do not 
claim to be one. The entire purpose of this document that I am keeping on 
my own free time, it to record any IPR issues as they come up on the list. 
I am not searching the USPTO database, not Googling the entire Internet 
looking for patents. Neither am I analyzing them. If you would have taken 
care to go through the list, then you would have seen that no where do I 
offer my own analysis. All statements have been take from either public 
sources or from ASRG list postings.
2. The analysis statement in question was made by Bob Wyman not by me (see
<https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05304.html>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05304.html), 
I simply paraphrased it.
3. I moved the statement from the notes section to be directly under the 
list posting reference to make it more clear. I also removed the reference 
to DCC which seems to have irked you. I re-quoted the original statement as 
it was written by Bob instead of paraphrasing it.
4. Once again, my list is not intended to keep track of all IPR issues in 
the world, only of the ones that come up on the list. Are you implying that 
I should remove all references to all list postings simply because no one 
on the list except for you is qualified to express any opinions on IPR matters?

Yakov

At 06:24 PM 6/8/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> > The IPR document for the ASRG has been updated. The following was changed:
> >
> > ADDED: Section 4.2.1. Jakob Nielsen's patent on coordinated filtering. 
> This
> > affects systems such as SpamNet, Matador and DCC.
>
>Such obviously false analyses are not helpful.  That I trust you
>didn't intend to make a mistake and don't know why your analysis
>is false for at least one, probably two, and quite possibly all
>three of those mechanisms is all the more reason to not offer such
>analyses in the future.
>
>Statements about which patents affect which tactics based on ignorance
>of those tactics and superficial reading of patent claims asside, your
>list of patents could be interesting to people trying to avoid a few
>arbitrarily chosen patents, but it would be utterly foolish to rely
>on your list instead of a patent search.  Your list can never be
>comprehensive without doing a real patent search, and even then one
>cannot know about impending patents.
>
>I apologize for this less than friendly note, but potentially damaging
>bogus analyses of intellectual property need to be challenged and
>squelched.  In the future, please just collect the patents and leave
>the analyzing to patent lawyers, or at least people who are familiar
>with the various anti-spam mechanisms.


_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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Date: Sun, 8 Jun 2003 20:20:05 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> 1. For the record of all the ASRG members - I am not a lawyer and do not 
> claim to be one. The entire purpose of this document that I am keeping on 
> my own free time, it to record any IPR issues as they come up on the list. 
> I am not searching the USPTO database, not Googling the entire Internet 
> looking for patents. Neither am I analyzing them.

On the contrary, the following words of yours were an analysis or
conclusion of an analysis:

] ADDED: Section 4.2.1. Jakob Nielsen's patent on coordinated filtering. This 
] affects systems such as SpamNet, Matador and DCC.

> ...
> 2. The analysis statement in question was made by Bob Wyman not by me (see
> https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05304.html
> I simply paraphrased it.

Your "paraphrase" differs significantly from Mr. Wyman's original,
and not only in the deletion of Cloudmark and addition of the DCC.
He wrote that some mechanisms "may be an infringement or use" while
you wrote "affects systems such as."  Mr. Wyman avoided hazzards that
you leaped on.  Note that your deletion seems almost as arbitrary and
dubious as your addition.  I assume Mr. Wyman listed Cloudmark as well
as SpamNet, because he has heard what I've heard (or better, knows
instead of only heard), that Vipul's Razor, Pyzor, and SpamNet are
three distinct things and that Cloudmark is currently working on
more than SpamNet.


> ...
> 3. I moved the statement from the notes section to be directly under the 
> list posting reference to make it more clear. I also removed the reference 
> to DCC which seems to have irked you. I re-quoted the original statement as 
> it was written by Bob instead of paraphrasing it.

What?  You're changing the archives of this mailing list?  I'm less
concerned about web pages someone might have, and more concerned about
unchallenged legal claims in a more or less official forum like this.

However, you have repeatedly implied that your list of patents is
somehow comprehensive and authoritative.  I have several times
suppresed the impluse to disagree and urge caution.

> 4. Once again, my list is not intended to keep track of all IPR issues in 
> the world, only of the ones that come up on the list. Are you implying that 
> I should remove all references to all list postings simply because no one 
>on the list except for you is qualified to express any opinions on IPR matters?

I know I'm not qualifed in general to analyze general IPR matters,
while you've repeatedly implied you are not so limited.  For example,
you might notice that I was careful to not be specific when I disagreed
about the mechanisms (my plural) that you baldly claimed are affected
by that patent.

As I said, your list could be useful, but please do not increase the
hazzards we suffer with ill considered IPR analyses of patents you've
not read and/or anti-spam mechanisms you don't know or care about.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
_______________________________________________
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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org,
        Paul Judge <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] IPR Document Update
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Date: Sun, 08 Jun 2003 23:15:03 -0400

I have also changed the introduction section of the document as follows:

"This document lists various IPR claims related to anti-spam technology 
which came up on the ASRG mailing list."

Since the offending statements have been removed, I see no point in 
continuing this discussion. If you have any further problems, post them to 
the list.

Yakov

At 08:20 PM 6/8/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> > 1. For the record of all the ASRG members - I am not a lawyer and do not
> > claim to be one. The entire purpose of this document that I am keeping on
> > my own free time, it to record any IPR issues as they come up on the list.
> > I am not searching the USPTO database, not Googling the entire Internet
> > looking for patents. Neither am I analyzing them.
>
>On the contrary, the following words of yours were an analysis or
>conclusion of an analysis:
>
>] ADDED: Section 4.2.1. Jakob Nielsen's patent on coordinated filtering. This
>] affects systems such as SpamNet, Matador and DCC.
>
> > ...
> > 2. The analysis statement in question was made by Bob Wyman not by me (see
> > 
> https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05304.html
> > I simply paraphrased it.
>
>Your "paraphrase" differs significantly from Mr. Wyman's original,
>and not only in the deletion of Cloudmark and addition of the DCC.
>He wrote that some mechanisms "may be an infringement or use" while
>you wrote "affects systems such as."  Mr. Wyman avoided hazzards that
>you leaped on.  Note that your deletion seems almost as arbitrary and
>dubious as your addition.  I assume Mr. Wyman listed Cloudmark as well
>as SpamNet, because he has heard what I've heard (or better, knows
>instead of only heard), that Vipul's Razor, Pyzor, and SpamNet are
>three distinct things and that Cloudmark is currently working on
>more than SpamNet.
>
>
> > ...
> > 3. I moved the statement from the notes section to be directly under the
> > list posting reference to make it more clear. I also removed the reference
> > to DCC which seems to have irked you. I re-quoted the original 
> statement as
> > it was written by Bob instead of paraphrasing it.
>
>What?  You're changing the archives of this mailing list?  I'm less
>concerned about web pages someone might have, and more concerned about
>unchallenged legal claims in a more or less official forum like this.
>
>However, you have repeatedly implied that your list of patents is
>somehow comprehensive and authoritative.  I have several times
>suppresed the impluse to disagree and urge caution.
>
> > 4. Once again, my list is not intended to keep track of all IPR issues in
> > the world, only of the ones that come up on the list. Are you implying 
> that
> > I should remove all references to all list postings simply because no one
> >on the list except for you is qualified to express any opinions on IPR 
> matters?
>
>I know I'm not qualifed in general to analyze general IPR matters,
>while you've repeatedly implied you are not so limited.  For example,
>you might notice that I was careful to not be specific when I disagreed
>about the mechanisms (my plural) that you baldly claimed are affected
>by that patent.
>
>As I said, your list could be useful, but please do not increase the
>hazzards we suffer with ill considered IPR analyses of patents you've
>not read and/or anti-spam mechanisms you don't know or care about.

_______________________________________________
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From: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>
To: mathew <meta@pobox.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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mathew <meta@pobox.com> wrote:

 > Each of the following conditions is sufficient, but not
 > necessary, for an e-mail to be categorized as spam:
 >
 > - It is from a source which it is hard or impossible for the
 > recipient to stop from sending further messages.
 >
 > - It is unsolicited commercial bulk e-mail from an organization the
 > recipient does not have any prior relationship with.
 >
 > - It is bulk e-mail from an organization the recipient does have a
 > prior relationship with, but the subject matter of the e-mail is
 > outside the scope of subject matter about which the recipient agreed
 > to receive e-mail from the organization.
 >
 > - It is bulk e-mail from a source the recipient has requested not
 > send him any further e-mail.

The last one is merely a subset of the prior -- it is outside the scope 
because the scope has been explicitly reduced to the null set.  The 
first one, in turn, could also be considered a case of the last one.

Also, the second is faulty in that such email needn't be commercial to be 
spam.  Remember the religious, political, and a few other kinds of spam.

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near Washington DC
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume, and other info

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Date: Mon, 9 Jun 2003 09:03:34 -0400


Folks, we will not continue to have this debate. If you read Mathew's email
(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05315.htm
l), it enumeates sufficient conditions rather than sufficient and necessary
conditions.

What this means is that email began a list of the possible personal
definitions of spam.  Therefore, there is no need to debate each of these
definitions. Now, take such a list and couple it with the approach that I
presented in a previous message
(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05307.htm
l):

"The point here is to generalize to a problem of unwanted communication.
This can be framed into a problem of consent-based communication. This
allows anyone's interpretation of 'spam' to be expressed and enforced. For
example, if someone decides on the definition of 'unsolicited bulk email',
this can be expressed and enforced. Additionally, a particular solution may
focus on preventing or detecting a certain type of communication. For
example, one proposal focuses only on detecting bulk email. Another proposal
focuses on detecting solicited email. A different proposal focuses on
detecting email with authentic path and sender information. All of these
different proposals form part of a consent-based communication system.

As a solution is proposed, it should state the classes or types of unwanted
messages that it will be effective against. With proper measurement and
characterization work, we should be able to understand what percentage of
the current spam volume that describes. Additionally, the system must state
the assumptions upon which it is based. This allows analysis of the
robustness of the system in the face of countermeasures that may reverse
these assumptions."

We will capture this thought and the list of sufficient conditions that have
been stated on the mailing list and compile them in the Requirements
document.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dave Aronson [mailto:dja2003@hotpop.com] 
> Sent: Monday, June 09, 2003 7:48 AM
> To: mathew
> Cc: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
> 
> 
> mathew <meta@pobox.com> wrote:
> 
>  > Each of the following conditions is sufficient, but not
>  > necessary, for an e-mail to be categorized as spam:
>  >
>  > - It is from a source which it is hard or impossible for 
> the  > recipient to stop from sending further messages.  >  > 
> - It is unsolicited commercial bulk e-mail from an 
> organization the  > recipient does not have any prior 
> relationship with.  >  > - It is bulk e-mail from an 
> organization the recipient does have a  > prior relationship 
> with, but the subject matter of the e-mail is  > outside the 
> scope of subject matter about which the recipient agreed  > 
> to receive e-mail from the organization.  >  > - It is bulk 
> e-mail from a source the recipient has requested not  > send 
> him any further e-mail.
> 
> The last one is merely a subset of the prior -- it is outside 
> the scope 
> because the scope has been explicitly reduced to the null set.  The 
> first one, in turn, could also be considered a case of the last one.
> 
> Also, the second is faulty in that such email needn't be 
> commercial to be 
> spam.  Remember the religious, political, and a few other 
> kinds of spam.
> 
> -- 
> David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer near 
> Washington DC See http://destined.to/program/ for online 
> resume, and other info
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Mon, 09 Jun 2003 12:22:38 -0400

At 05:09 PM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:


>Maybe I'm a minimalist, but I'm not sure where 998 characters is a limit for
>CRI.  Hell, I'm not even concerned about the 78 characters that are
>"preferred".
>
>I would prefer not including hash cash, digital sigs, etc within a CRI
>model.  I'd prefer to keep it simple.  that's not to say that these
>additional capabilities are not warranted nor provide additional value.  In
>fact, they may be of such value that they can stand alone.

Should we be building in an extension mechanism that would allow for that? 
SMTP for example is a simple protocol, but has an extension mechanism which 
allows for a lot more complex stuff.

>Regarding SMTP mods..I think we should reserve that concept and develop it
>within a subsequent version...but rather focus and define what's currently
>at hand.  There are a few dozen C/R system that could benefit from an
>interworking model

Agreed.

> > Now that the issue on the RFC 2822 headers is settled, I would like to
> > bring up the issue of MIME and SMTP for CRI. Like I pointed out
> > before, in
> > my opinion the CRI protocol should utilize both RFC 2822 and MIME
> > headers,
> > with optional SMTP negotiation. In certain instances, like Vernon stated,
> > MIME headers would have to be used when large amounts of data
> > (larger than
> > the 998 character limit of RFC 2822 headers) need to be transferred.
> > Examples would be C/R systems transferring digital certificate chains and
> > replying with a single challenge/response message for multiple
> > recipients.
> > Additionally, SMTP CRI via some ESMTP extension would be useful
> > in certain
> > cases.
> >
> > Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol as
> > extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their own
> > features such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.
> >
> > Yakov
> >
> >
> > At 10:47 AM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
> >
> > >I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with
> > proposing a new
> > >RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of it,
> > then so be it.
> > >I'll proceed br producing a draft with real 2822-type headers.
> > >
> > >However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate in the
> > >meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed
> > 2822 headers
> > >
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> > > > Sent: Saturday, June 07, 2003 11:11 PM
> > > > To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; 'Eric Dean'; asrg@ietf.org
> > > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich
> > > > [SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > > > At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean
> > > > [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> > > > > >wrote:
> > > > > >8<...>8
> > > > > > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There
> > > > isn't an RFC
> > > > > > > 2822
> > > > > > > registration process that I am aware of.
> > > > > >
> > > > > >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the
> > > > introduction
> > > > > >of an
> > > > > >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as
> > effective?'
> > > > > >[..]
> > > > >
> > > > > Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until
> > the standard
> > > > > gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard
> > > > is approved
> > > > > then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is
> > similar to the
> > > > > HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to
> > indicate gzip
> > > > > encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
> > > >
> > > > I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to
> > > > interpose is that
> > > > perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for
> > > > the proposal is
> > > > the type of question that should be asked at this state.
> > > >
> > > > -e
> > > >
> >
> >
>
>_______________________________________________
>Asrg mailing list
>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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As I've mentioned before, CRI as DSN is OK so long as the MAIL FROM is
challenge-sender's email address

> -----Original Message-----
> From: bukys@cs.rochester.edu [mailto:bukys@cs.rochester.edu] 
> Sent: Sunday, June 08, 2003 7:44 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org; eric@infobro.com; eric@purespeed.com; 
> research@solidmatrix.com
> Cc: bukys@cs.rochester.edu
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> 
> 
> It seems to me that the most natural mechanism for CRI
> content is to treat it as a form of DSN. 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Scott Nelson [mailto:scott@spamwolf.com] 
> 
> At 06:24 PM 6/6/03 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
> >I agree, a challenge can be seen as a DSN or a new message. 
> My point is 
> >that in either case, the MAIL FROM or REPLYTO should be 
> consistent with 
> >the challenger's email address, otherwise 2 C/R systems will 
> challenge 
> >each other's challenge.
> >
> 
> If you're sending a DSN, then the From: header could be your 
> address, but the MAIL FROM should probably be <>. That 
> prevents a lot of bad things from happening.
> 

I think DSN in the CR space is a matter of semantics and definition. I'm
not 100% whether a challenge email is a DSN or not, and like I said
earlier I can see a case for it ether way.

If you're saying that if it's a DSN, then the MAIL FROM s/b <>, then
I'll say that challenge emails are not DSNs.

> Setting the MAIL FROM to your address means that you could 
> end up challenging a non-existent address, then the 
> mailer_daemon that bounces the mail back to you. If the C/R 
> system was really broken, it could challenge bounces 
> from a non-existent address endlessly, but in the normal case 
> this is only twice as much work as you need to do.
> 

The MAIL FROM needs to be the address of the challenge sender in order
to allow CRI systems to interoperate. While some CR systems may inspect
the header, other systems that bounce the email outright (like ours)
need to look at the MAIL FROM, for reasons I've mentioned earlier in
this thread.

You are correct about that fact that you "could end up challenging a
non-existent address".  Most spammers use bad addresses.  Our system
handles mail that is bounced because of non-existent email and this also
results in reduced load on the MTS due to more intelligent mailer_daemon
handling.

Peter


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Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Mon, 09 Jun 2003 14:39:22 -0400

By definition a DSN is addressed to the address in the MAIL FROM command, 
as per section 2 of RFC 3464:

"The DSN MUST be addressed (in both the message header and the transport 
envelope) to the return address from the transport envelope which 
accompanied the original message for which the DSN was generated.  (For a 
message that arrived via SMTP, the envelope return address appears in the 
MAIL FROM command.)"

HOWEVER, the same section states:

"Whenever an SMTP transaction is used to send a DSN, the MAIL FROM command 
MUST use a NULL return address, i.e., "MAIL FROM:<>"."

That means that C/R systems such as yours MUST support the empty return 
path (<>).

Yakov

At 08:24 AM 6/9/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

>As I've mentioned before, CRI as DSN is OK so long as the MAIL FROM is
>challenge-sender's email address
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: bukys@cs.rochester.edu [mailto:bukys@cs.rochester.edu]
> > Sent: Sunday, June 08, 2003 7:44 AM
> > To: asrg@ietf.org; eric@infobro.com; eric@purespeed.com;
> > research@solidmatrix.com
> > Cc: bukys@cs.rochester.edu
> > Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> >
> >
> > It seems to me that the most natural mechanism for CRI
> > content is to treat it as a form of DSN.
> >

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To: bukys@cs.rochester.edu, asrg@ietf.org, "Eric Dean" <eric@purespeed.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Mon, 09 Jun 2003 15:07:17 -0400

At 01:44 PM 6/8/2003 -0400, bukys@cs.rochester.edu wrote:

>It seems to me that the most natural mechanism for CRI
>content is to treat it as a form of DSN.

You are raising a very good point. After perusing the DSN RFCs (3461-3464), 
it seems to me that a DNS is a perfect envelope for a CRI protocol. This 
may also fall under the work of the Message Tracking Group of the IETF 
(http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/msgtrk-charter.html).

I got the following points:

1. A MIME type called "multipart/report" is defined in RFC 3462 for the 
following purpose:

"The Multipart/Report Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) 
content-type is a general "family" or "container" type for electronic mail 
reports of any kind.  Although this memo defines only the use of the 
Multipart/Report content-type with respect to delivery status reports, mail 
processing programs will benefit if a single content-type is used to for 
all kinds of reports."

As you can see, this MIME type is not restricted to DSNs but can be used 
for "all kinds of reports" including CRI. Additionally it defines three 
sets of bodies: one for humans, one for machines and a third optional one 
to include the original message.

2. RFC 3464 further defines another MIME type called 
"message/delivery-status"  which is used within the MIME type 
"multipart/report" for Delivery Status Notifications (DSN) as follows:

"A DSN can be used to notify the sender of a message of any of several 
conditions: failed delivery, delayed delivery, successful delivery, or the 
gatewaying of a message into an environment that may not support DSNs."

A C/R system sending out a challenge might fit into the category of 
"delayed delivery".

3. DSNs are sent in reply to the address in the MAIL FROM command and are 
set with the MAIL FROM <> path to avoid loops (RFC 3464). Guidelines for 
lists are also provided.
5. A bunch of useful fields are defined for DSNs.
4. RFC 3463, section 2.4 provides for extension fields that can be 
registered for use with DSN. Note that "X-" fields are not permitted. An 
IANA registry exists at http://www.iana.org/assignments/dsn-types.
5. RFC 3461 defines an ESMTP extension that can be used with DSNs.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Mon, 09 Jun 2003 15:22:32 -0400

At 08:20 AM 6/9/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Scott Nelson [mailto:scott@spamwolf.com]
>[...]
> > Setting the MAIL FROM to your address means that you could
> > end up challenging a non-existent address, then the
> > mailer_daemon that bounces the mail back to you. If the C/R
> > system was really broken, it could challenge bounces
> > from a non-existent address endlessly, but in the normal case
> > this is only twice as much work as you need to do.
> >
>
>The MAIL FROM needs to be the address of the challenge sender in order
>to allow CRI systems to interoperate. While some CR systems may inspect
>the header, other systems that bounce the email outright (like ours)
>need to look at the MAIL FROM, for reasons I've mentioned earlier in
>this thread.

This would only be true for C/R systems that interoperate via plain SMTP. I 
don't think it would be a problem to use either an ESMTP extension that is 
defined for DSNs or to define an new ESMTP extension. This way you will get 
around the MAIL FROM<> requirement that is mandated by the RFCs by passing 
the C/R information via such extension.

ALSO, not all C/R systems are using the MAIL FROM <>. Earthlink for 
example, sends out all of its challenges from the same email address 
<automated-response@earthlink.net> (see 
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A26774-2003Jun6.html).

Yakov


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It is hard to keep up with the volume of this list.   However,
here are some of my thoughts on how C/R systems should
use existing headers.

Although there are good arguments in favour of issuing
challenges to the MAIL FROM envelope header when
it differs from the RFC 2822 From: field, I do not think
that C/R systems should consider challenges to be delivery
status notifications (DSNs).

(1)  A DSN is logically a communication from the MTA,
acting like a postal worker.   Some C/R systems will view a
challenge as a communication from the MUA, acting like a 
secretary. (In our research, we use the term e-secretary and
envisage a protocol to define the future interoperation of
e-secretaries to carry out a variety of low-level messaging
tasks on behalf of mailbox owners).

2) A DSN is designed as a terminal communication, in which
the MAIL FROM address <> is used to indicate that a reply 
should not be made.   But the purpose of a challenge, to a
legitimate sender, is to solicit a reply.

(3)  A challenge sent as a DSN is likely to be confusing
to a human who receives it, depending on MUA behaviour.

(4)  To automatically reply to challenges as DSNs, software 
that otherwise knows never to reply to a DSN will need to
be modified to violate this principle.    

For the purpose of the Internetworking Framework, I don't
think that we should assume that challenges/responses will only
be generated to the MAIL FROM field.   Rather, the framework
should be robust enough to handle challenges/responses to
either the envelope MAIL FROM or the From: message field.

Indeed, I think that the framework should make a statement
something like the following.

"In formulating a challenge message, a C/R system should use
the MAIL FROM envelope header and the from, reply-to
and sender message headers for appropriate purposes.   However, 
a C/R system must ensure that it is capable of receiving and
correctly processing a response sent to any address mentioned in
any of these fields."

Beyond this, I also think that C/R systems should be required
to provide full support for message-id, in-reply-to and references
headers.  That is, the framework should state that challenges
and responses must (not should) provide a unique message-id
and must (not should) properly form in-reply-to and references
headers from prior e-mails in the chain.    By implementing these
RFC2822 recommendations, C/R systems will give each other
valuable information to address both looping and spoofing
concerns.

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Subject: [Asrg] Spam in Action - NYTimes on Iraqi Card Decks
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Date: Mon, 9 Jun 2003 16:43:52 -0400

http://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/09/technology/09CARD.html

Note that someone on the third tier of the chain was getting a 
response rate of 1/10 of 1% (a number we've seen quoted elsewhere). 
That always sounds tiny, but a million is a very big number.  They 
were pulling in $5-6000 per million messages.  That kind of economic 
pressure is going to be very hard to fight.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
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Rob's suggestion makes CRI more "I". I like it.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Rob Cameron [mailto:cameron@cs.sfu.ca] 
> Sent: Monday, June 09, 2003 10:33 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
> 
> 
> It is hard to keep up with the volume of this list.   However,
> here are some of my thoughts on how C/R systems should
> use existing headers.
> 
> Although there are good arguments in favour of issuing 
> challenges to the MAIL FROM envelope header when it differs 
> from the RFC 2822 From: field, I do not think that C/R 
> systems should consider challenges to be delivery status 
> notifications (DSNs).
> 
> (1)  A DSN is logically a communication from the MTA,
> acting like a postal worker.   Some C/R systems will view a
> challenge as a communication from the MUA, acting like a 
> secretary. (In our research, we use the term e-secretary and 
> envisage a protocol to define the future interoperation of 
> e-secretaries to carry out a variety of low-level messaging 
> tasks on behalf of mailbox owners).
> 
> 2) A DSN is designed as a terminal communication, in which
> the MAIL FROM address <> is used to indicate that a reply 
> should not be made.   But the purpose of a challenge, to a
> legitimate sender, is to solicit a reply.
> 
> (3)  A challenge sent as a DSN is likely to be confusing
> to a human who receives it, depending on MUA behaviour.
> 
> (4)  To automatically reply to challenges as DSNs, software 
> that otherwise knows never to reply to a DSN will need to
> be modified to violate this principle.    
> 
> For the purpose of the Internetworking Framework, I don't
> think that we should assume that challenges/responses will only
> be generated to the MAIL FROM field.   Rather, the framework
> should be robust enough to handle challenges/responses to 
> either the envelope MAIL FROM or the From: message field.
> 
> Indeed, I think that the framework should make a statement 
> something like the following.
> 
> "In formulating a challenge message, a C/R system should use 
> the MAIL FROM envelope header and the from, reply-to
> and sender message headers for appropriate purposes.   However, 
> a C/R system must ensure that it is capable of receiving and 
> correctly processing a response sent to any address mentioned 
> in any of these fields."
> 
> Beyond this, I also think that C/R systems should be required 
> to provide full support for message-id, in-reply-to and 
> references headers.  That is, the framework should state that 
> challenges and responses must (not should) provide a unique 
> message-id and must (not should) properly form in-reply-to 
> and references
> headers from prior e-mails in the chain.    By implementing these
> RFC2822 recommendations, C/R systems will give each other 
> valuable information to address both looping and spoofing concerns.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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To: Rob Cameron <cameron@cs.sfu.ca>, <asrg@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Mon, 09 Jun 2003 18:04:22 -0400

At 01:32 PM 6/9/2003 -0700, Rob Cameron wrote:
>[..]
>
>Although there are good arguments in favour of issuing
>challenges to the MAIL FROM envelope header when
>it differs from the RFC 2822 From: field, I do not think
>that C/R systems should consider challenges to be delivery
>status notifications (DSNs).

What about defining CRI within the "Multipart/Report" MIME type defined by 
RFC 3462 (as follows)?

" The Multipart/Report MIME content-type is a general "family" or 
"container" type for electronic mail reports of any kind."


>(1)  A DSN is logically a communication from the MTA,
>acting like a postal worker.   Some C/R systems will view a
>challenge as a communication from the MUA, acting like a
>secretary. (In our research, we use the term e-secretary and
>envisage a protocol to define the future interoperation of
>e-secretaries to carry out a variety of low-level messaging
>tasks on behalf of mailbox owners).

That is a valid point, DSNs are used exclusively for MTAs. However in many 
cases in systems such as Earthlink or Titan Key, the MTA is the one that is 
responsible for the C/R interaction BEFORE the email reaches the MUA. In 
TitanKey's case specifically, the C/R process begins at the SMTP level, 
before email reaches the MUA.

>2) A DSN is designed as a terminal communication, in which
>the MAIL FROM address <> is used to indicate that a reply
>should not be made.   But the purpose of a challenge, to a
>legitimate sender, is to solicit a reply.
>
>(3)  A challenge sent as a DSN is likely to be confusing
>to a human who receives it, depending on MUA behaviour.

Why would a challenge be sent to a DSN? The challenge itself is being sent 
as a DSN with no return MAIL FROM path, thus it cannot be challenged unless 
the sender starts interpreting the headers.

>(4)  To automatically reply to challenges as DSNs, software
>that otherwise knows never to reply to a DSN will need to
>be modified to violate this principle.

Correct that's why DSNs might not be the best solution, however we can use 
it as a basis for the CRI protocol.

>For the purpose of the Internetworking Framework, I don't
>think that we should assume that challenges/responses will only
>be generated to the MAIL FROM field.   Rather, the framework
>should be robust enough to handle challenges/responses to
>either the envelope MAIL FROM or the From: message field.
>
>Indeed, I think that the framework should make a statement
>something like the following.
>
>"In formulating a challenge message, a C/R system should use
>the MAIL FROM envelope header and the from, reply-to
>and sender message headers for appropriate purposes.   However,
>a C/R system must ensure that it is capable of receiving and
>correctly processing a response sent to any address mentioned in
>any of these fields."

For systems such as Titan Key where negotiation is done on SMTP level, only 
the MAIL FROM field is used. If its empty, then the system fails. We should 
probably add guidelines that in case empty <> is specified, the C/R system 
should accept the message and use its "From" field.

>Beyond this, I also think that C/R systems should be required
>to provide full support for message-id, in-reply-to and references
>headers.  That is, the framework should state that challenges
>and responses must (not should) provide a unique message-id
>and must (not should) properly form in-reply-to and references
>headers from prior e-mails in the chain.    By implementing these
>RFC2822 recommendations, C/R systems will give each other
>valuable information to address both looping and spoofing
>concerns.

Agreed.  

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To: Rob Cameron <cameron@cs.sfu.ca>, Asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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>Beyond this, I also think that C/R systems should be required
>to provide full support for message-id, in-reply-to and references
>headers.  That is, the framework should state that challenges
>and responses must (not should) provide a unique message-id
>and must (not should) properly form in-reply-to and references
>headers from prior e-mails in the chain.    By implementing these
>RFC2822 recommendations, C/R systems will give each other
>valuable information to address both looping and spoofing
>concerns.

I agree that we should have a references: header (just like the one in 
NNTP).  This would be useful for threading mail conversation threads among 
other things.  I have often wondered why current clients don't maintain 
this header and utilize it when available.  It would be so useful.

I think as has been mentioned previously in regards to CR systems in 
general (and I don't remember if it was mentioned in the CRI case), that 
what should happen is that the messages should be digitally signed by the 
sender.  The CR system would filter based in the digital signature rather 
than the FROM address.  Thus it would be quite possible for people to have 
multiple clients with the same digital signature (one for each e-mail 
address say) and they would only have to undergo the CR once -- even if 
they switched ISPs.  Furthermore, it would virtually eliminate spoofing 
since even if someone were able to obtain a previous copy of someone's mail 
and a list of all their friends, they still would be unable to spoof the 
digital signature.  When whitelisting occurred, it would whitelist a 
particular person's signature rather than their e-mail address.

I'm not sure if the CRI framework provides for this or not as I have a hard 
time keeping up with things (just as many in this list apparently do).

Is there a brief synopsis of the current state of the CRI framework so I 
can refresh my memory on everything? (Which would be much better than 
having to re-read all the CRI messages. ;-)

-Art
-- 
Art Pollard
http://www.lextek.com/
Suppliers of High Performance Text Retrieval Engines.

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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com] 

> For systems such as Titan Key where negotiation is done on 
> SMTP level, only 
> the MAIL FROM field is used. If its empty, then the system 
> fails. We should 
> probably add guidelines that in case empty <> is specified, 
> the C/R system 
> should accept the message and use its "From" field.
> 

I'm in agreement w/ all that's being said so far on this thread. We can
also work w/ the above as well and accept empty MAIL FROM. We'll just
have to be really careful here as it's a hole that spammers can use to
get messages through.


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Tue, 10 Jun 2003 12:40:20 -0400

At 04:21 PM 6/9/2003 -0600, Art Pollard wrote:
>[..]
>
>
>I think as has been mentioned previously in regards to CR systems in 
>general (and I don't remember if it was mentioned in the CRI case), that 
>what should happen is that the messages should be digitally signed by the 
>sender.  The CR system would filter based in the digital signature rather 
>than the FROM address.  Thus it would be quite possible for people to have 
>multiple clients with the same digital signature (one for each e-mail 
>address say) and they would only have to undergo the CR once -- even if 
>they switched ISPs.  Furthermore, it would virtually eliminate spoofing 
>since even if someone were able to obtain a previous copy of someone's 
>mail and a list of all their friends, they still would be unable to spoof 
>the digital signature.  When whitelisting occurred, it would whitelist a 
>particular person's signature rather than their e-mail address.

We discussed the possibility within the CRI framework. However, it is 
important to keep the CRI framework simple and things like 
digital  signatures and hashcash, would be implemented via an extension 
mechanism.

>I'm not sure if the CRI framework provides for this or not as I have a 
>hard time keeping up with things (just as many in this list apparently do).
>
>Is there a brief synopsis of the current state of the CRI framework so I 
>can refresh my memory on everything? (Which would be much better than 
>having to re-read all the CRI messages. ;-)

Hold on for Eric Dean's latest draft.

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Subject: [Asrg] List of current anti-spam headers?
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Date: Tue, 10 Jun 2003 12:49:14 -0400

I remember an earlier message 
(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00149.html) 
by Bob Wyman suggesting that someone creates a list of anti-spam headers 
used today. I was thinking of doing that but would there be any purpose or 
utility for such list?

Yakov

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Subject: [Asrg] News Article - Testing for humans when SENDING emails
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Date: Tue, 10 Jun 2003 20:27:23 -0400

Just ran across a CNET News.com article describing the concept, seems to be 
a useful way to make sure a human is sending email:

http://news.com.com/2100-1032_3-1015247.html

Unfortunately, the article seems to be confuse this system with general 
C/R. Here are some quotes:

---snip---
"But in recent weeks, people using Yahoo Mail have found themselves asked 
to type in camouflaged letters before they can send an e-mail message, in 
an "image verification" method. "

"Yahoo stressed that people sending mail through its system are not 
required to pass a challenge-response test for every message, or even for 
every mail-sending session."

"Instead, in order to keep spammers guessing, Yahoo's system computes what 
the company calls a "user profile." This profile details the frequency with 
which the user normally sends messages and the length of time the user has 
held the account. The system issues a spam challenge when the user 
approaches an individually determined rate limit."
---snip---

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <asrg@ietf.org>
Cc: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
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Date: Tue, 10 Jun 2003 21:56:42 -0400

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_000C_01C32F9B.2DD75930
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    The list below presents a *partial* list of US Patents that are
relevant to spam. This list misses many existing, relevant US patents
and does not contain any of the many, many published patent
applications. Also, there are no international patents in this list.
    My motivation for presenting the list is, in part, to demonstrate
that the task of producing an exhaustive listing of spam-related IPR is
going to be much more work than it may seem. Frankly, I think we're
going to have to rely on the existing IETF procedures for IPR holders
filing of IPR disclosures...
    I would also like to suggest that people who seek a comprehensive
knowledge of existing anti-spam techniques should study the
specifications and claims in these patents as one of many means to
discover what methods others have thought would be useful in fighting
spam. While patents are usually considered more of a hinderance than a
help, they do serve to document (often poorly...) what some consider to
be useful methods. Hopefully, someone will find inspiration in one of
the patents below, or one not listed here, for some system that isn't
already patented yet will help solve the problem.
=20
        bob wyman
=20

*	6574658
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6574658>
3-Jun-03 System and method for secure classification of electronic mail=20

*	6560632
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6560632>
6-May-03 System and method for managing files in a distributed system
using prioritization=20

*	6553358
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6553358>
22-Apr-03 Decision-theoretic approach to harnessing text classification
for guiding automated action=20

*	6546416
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6546416>
8-Apr-03 Method and system for selectively blocking delivery of bulk
electronic mail=20

*	6546390
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6546390>
8-Apr-03 Method and apparatus for evaluating relevancy of messages to
users=20

*	6505167
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6505167>
7-Jan-03 Systems and methods for directing automated services for
messaging and scheduling=20

*	6493007
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6493007>
10-Dec-02 Method and device for removing junk e-mail messages=20

*	6490574
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6490574>
3-Dec-02 Method and system for managing rules and events in a multi-user
intelligent agent environment=20

*	6487586
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6487586>
26-Nov-02 Self-removing email verified or designated as such by a
message distributor for the convenience of a recipient=20

*	6484197
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6484197>
19-Nov-02 Filtering incoming e-mail=20

*	6480885
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6480885>
12-Nov-02 Dynamically matching users for group communications based on a
threshold degree of matching of sender and recipient predetermined
acceptance criteria=20

*	6473758
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6473758>
29-Oct-02 Method and apparatus for private and restricted-use electronic
addresses=20

*	6460050
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6460050>
1-Oct-02 Distributed content identification system=20

*	6453327
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6453327>
17-Sep-02 Method and apparatus for identifying and discarding junk
electronic mail=20

*	6442589
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6442589>
27-Aug-02 Method and system for sorting and forwarding electronic
messages and other data=20

*	6421709
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6421709>
16-Jul-02 E-mail filter and method thereof=20

*	6415304
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6415304>
2-Jul-02 Waiting prior to engaging in action for enhancement of
automated service=20

*	6400810
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6400810>
4-Jun-02 Method and system for selective notification of E-mail messages


*	6397205
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6397205>
28-May-02 Document categorization and evaluation via cross-entrophy=20

*	6393465
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6393465>
21-May-02 Junk electronic mail detector and eliminator=20

*	6381592
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6381592>
30-Apr-02 Candidate chaser=20

*	6370526
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6370526>
9-Apr-02 Self-adaptive method and system for providing a user-preferred
ranking order of object sets=20

*	6363140
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6363140>
26-Mar-02 Dialable screening profile=20

*	6356935
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6356935>
12-Mar-02 Apparatus and method for an authenticated electronic userid=20

*	6332164
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6332164>
18-Dec-01 System for recipient control of E-mail message by sending
complete version of message only with confirmation from recipient to
receive message=20

*	6330590
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6330590>
11-Dec-01 Preventing delivery of unwanted bulk e-mail=20

*	6324569
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6324569>
27-Nov-01 Self-removing email verified or designated as such by a
message distributor for the convenience of a recipient=20

*	6321267
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6321267>
20-Nov-01 Method and apparatus for filtering junk email=20

*	6266692
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6266692>
24-Jul-01 Method for blocking all unwanted e-mail (SPAM) using a
header-based password=20

*	6249805
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6249805>
19-Jun-01 Method and system for filtering unauthorized electronic mail
messages=20

*	6230188
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6230188>
8-May-01 System and method for providing a proxy identifier in an
on-line directory=20

*	6199103
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6199103>
6-Mar-01 Electronic mail determination method and system and storage
medium=20

*	6199102
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6199102>
6-Mar-01 Method and system for filtering electronic messages=20

*	6195698
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6195698>
27-Feb-01 Method for selectively restricting access to computer systems=20

*	6192114
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6192114>
20-Feb-01 Method and apparatus for billing a fee to a party initiating
an electronic mail communication when the party is not on an
authorization list associated with the party to whom the communication
is directed=20

*	6185603
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6185603>
6-Feb-01 Method and system for delivery of e-mail and alerting messages=20

*	6185551
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6185551>
6-Feb-01 Web-based electronic mail service apparatus and method using
full text and label indexing=20

*	6167435
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6167435>
26-Dec-00 Double opt-in.TM. method and system for verifying
subscriptions to information distribution services=20

*	6167434
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6167434>
26-Dec-00 Computer code for removing junk e-mail messages=20

*	6161130
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6161130>
12-Dec-00 "Technique which utilizes a probabilistic classifier to detect
""junk"" e-mail by automatically updating a training and re-training the
classifier based on the updated training set "=20

*	6112227
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6112227>
29-Aug-00 Filter-in method for reducing junk e-mail=20

*	6108691
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6108691>
22-Aug-00 Directory with options for access to and display of email
addresses=20

*	6092101
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6092101>
18-Jul-00 Method for filtering mail messages for a plurality of client
computers connected to a mail service system=20

*	6085321
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6085321>
4-Jul-00 Unique digital signature=20

*	6073167
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6073167>
6-Jun-00 Distribution limiter for network messaging=20

*	6073165
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6073165>
6-Jun-00 "Filtering computer network messages directed to a user's
e-mail box based on user defined filters, and forwarding a filtered
message to the user's receiver "=20

*	6072942
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6072942>
6-Jun-00 System and method of electronic mail filtering using
interconnected nodes=20

*	6064878
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6064878>
16-May-00 Method for separately permissioned communication=20

*	6052709
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6052709>
18-Apr-00 Apparatus and method for controlling delivery of unsolicited
electronic mail=20

*	6023723
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6023723>
8-Feb-00 Method and system for filtering unwanted junk e-mail utilizing
a plurality of filtering mechanisms=20

*	6018761
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6018761>
25-Jan-00 System for adding to electronic mail messages information
obtained from sources external to the electronic mail transport process=20

*	6003027
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6003027>
14-Dec-99 System and method for determining confidence levels for the
results of a categorization system=20

*	5999967
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5999967>
7-Dec-99 Electronic mail filtering by electronic stamp=20

*	5999932
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5999932>
7-Dec-99 System and method for filtering unsolicited electronic mail
messages using data matching and heuristic processing=20

*	5930479
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5930479>
27-Jul-99 Communications addressing system=20

*	5905777
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5905777>
18-May-99 E-mail paging system=20

*	5835087
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5835087>
10-Nov-98 System for generation of object profiles for a system for
customized electronic identification of desirable objects=20

*	5826022
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5826022>
20-Oct-98 Method and apparatus for receiving electronic mail=20

*	5796948
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5796948>
18-Aug-98 Offensive message interceptor for computers=20

*	5757891
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5757891>
26-May-98 Ever ready telephonic answering-machine for receiving and
delivering electronic messages=20

*	5754939
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5754939>
19-May-98 System for generation of user profiles for a system for
customized electronic identification of desirable objects=20

*	5754938
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5754938>
19-May-98 Pseudonymous server for system for customized electronic
identification of desirable objects=20

*	5742769
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5742769>
21-Apr-98 Directory with options for access to and display of email
addresses=20

*	5724567
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5724567>
3-Mar-98 System for directing relevance-ranked data objects to computer
users=20

*	5619648
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5619648>
8-Apr-97 Message filtering techniques=20

*	5613108
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5613108>
18-Mar-97 Electronic mail processing system and electronic mail
processing method=20

*	5377354
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5377354>
27-Dec-94 Method and system for sorting and prioritizing electronic mail
messages=20

*	5283856
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5283856>
1-Feb-94 Event-driven rule-based messaging system=20

*	5216603
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5216603>
1-Jun-93 Method and apparatus for structuring and managing human
communications by explicitly defining the types of communications
permitted between participants=20

*	5208748
<http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D5208748>
4-May-93 Method and apparatus for structuring and managing human
communications by explicitly defining the types of communications
permitted between participants=20


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<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<TITLE>Message</TITLE>

<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1170" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D390164801-11062003>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
The list below presents a *partial* list of US Patents that are relevant =
to=20
spam. This list misses many existing, relevant US patents and does not =
contain=20
any of the many, many published patent applications. Also, there are no=20
international patents in this list.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D390164801-11062003>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
My motivation for presenting the list is, in part, to demonstrate that =
the task=20
of producing an exhaustive listing of spam-related IPR is going to be =
much more=20
work than it may seem. Frankly, I think we're going to have to rely on =
the=20
existing IETF procedures for IPR holders filing of IPR=20
disclosures...</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D390164801-11062003>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I=20
would also like to suggest that people who seek a comprehensive =
knowledge of=20
existing anti-spam techniques should study the specifications and claims =
in=20
these patents as one of many means to discover what methods others have =
thought=20
would be useful in fighting spam. While patents are usually considered =
more of a=20
hinderance than a help, they do serve to document (often poorly...) what =
some=20
consider to be useful methods. Hopefully, someone will find inspiration =
in one=20
of the patents below, or one not listed here, for some system that isn't =
already=20
patented yet will help solve the problem.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D390164801-11062003></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D390164801-11062003>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
bob=20
wyman</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D390164801-11062003></SPAN></FONT><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>
<UL>
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6574658"=
>6574658</A>=20
  3-Jun-03 System and method for secure classification of electronic =
mail=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6560632"=
>6560632</A>=20
  6-May-03 System and method for managing files in a distributed system =
using=20
  prioritization=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6553358"=
>6553358</A>=20
  22-Apr-03 Decision-theoretic approach to harnessing text =
classification for=20
  guiding automated action=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6546416"=
>6546416</A>=20
  8-Apr-03 Method and system for selectively blocking delivery of bulk=20
  electronic mail=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6546390"=
>6546390</A>=20
  8-Apr-03 Method and apparatus for evaluating relevancy of messages to =
users=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6505167"=
>6505167</A>=20
  7-Jan-03 Systems and methods for directing automated services for =
messaging=20
  and scheduling=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6493007"=
>6493007</A>=20
  10-Dec-02 Method and device for removing junk e-mail messages=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6490574"=
>6490574</A>=20
  3-Dec-02 Method and system for managing rules and events in a =
multi-user=20
  intelligent agent environment=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6487586"=
>6487586</A>=20
  26-Nov-02 Self-removing email verified or designated as such by a =
message=20
  distributor for the convenience of a recipient=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6484197"=
>6484197</A>=20
  19-Nov-02 Filtering incoming e-mail=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6480885"=
>6480885</A>=20
  12-Nov-02 Dynamically matching users for group communications based on =
a=20
  threshold degree of matching of sender and recipient predetermined =
acceptance=20
  criteria=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6473758"=
>6473758</A>=20
  29-Oct-02 Method and apparatus for private and restricted-use =
electronic=20
  addresses=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6460050"=
>6460050</A>=20
  1-Oct-02 Distributed content identification system=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6453327"=
>6453327</A>=20
  17-Sep-02 Method and apparatus for identifying and discarding junk =
electronic=20
  mail=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6442589"=
>6442589</A>=20
  27-Aug-02 Method and system for sorting and forwarding electronic =
messages and=20
  other data=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6421709"=
>6421709</A>=20
  16-Jul-02 E-mail filter and method thereof=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6415304"=
>6415304</A>=20
  2-Jul-02 Waiting prior to engaging in action for enhancement of =
automated=20
  service=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6400810"=
>6400810</A>=20
  4-Jun-02 Method and system for selective notification of E-mail =
messages=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6397205"=
>6397205</A>=20
  28-May-02 Document categorization and evaluation via cross-entrophy=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6393465"=
>6393465</A>=20
  21-May-02 Junk electronic mail detector and eliminator=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6381592"=
>6381592</A>=20
  30-Apr-02 Candidate chaser=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6370526"=
>6370526</A>=20
  9-Apr-02 Self-adaptive method and system for providing a =
user-preferred=20
  ranking order of object sets=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6363140"=
>6363140</A>=20
  26-Mar-02 Dialable screening profile=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6356935"=
>6356935</A>=20
  12-Mar-02 Apparatus and method for an authenticated electronic userid=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6332164"=
>6332164</A>=20
  18-Dec-01 System for recipient control of E-mail message by sending =
complete=20
  version of message only with confirmation from recipient to receive =
message=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6330590"=
>6330590</A>=20
  11-Dec-01 Preventing delivery of unwanted bulk e-mail=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6324569"=
>6324569</A>=20
  27-Nov-01 Self-removing email verified or designated as such by a =
message=20
  distributor for the convenience of a recipient=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6321267"=
>6321267</A>=20
  20-Nov-01 Method and apparatus for filtering junk email=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6266692"=
>6266692</A>=20
  24-Jul-01 Method for blocking all unwanted e-mail (SPAM) using a =
header-based=20
  password=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6249805"=
>6249805</A>=20
  19-Jun-01 Method and system for filtering unauthorized electronic mail =

  messages=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6230188"=
>6230188</A>=20
  8-May-01 System and method for providing a proxy identifier in an =
on-line=20
  directory=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6199103"=
>6199103</A>=20
  6-Mar-01 Electronic mail determination method and system and storage =
medium=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6199102"=
>6199102</A>=20
  6-Mar-01 Method and system for filtering electronic messages=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6195698"=
>6195698</A>=20
  27-Feb-01 Method for selectively restricting access to computer =
systems=20
  <LI><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6192114"=
>6192114</A>=20
  20-Feb-01 Method and apparatus for billing a fee to a party initiating =
an=20
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To: ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] CRI Header
Message-ID: <20030611025039.GA1809@m433>
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Date: Tue, 10 Jun 2003 22:50:39 -0400

On Sun, Jun 08, 2003 at 10:47:00AM -0400, Eric Dean wrote
> I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with proposing
> a new RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of
> it, then so be it.  I'll proceed br producing a draft with real
> 2822-type headers.
> 
> However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate
> in the meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed
> 2822 headers

  Has any consideration been given to doing this at the SMTP stage
rather than as part of DATA: ?  E.g. an EHLO which tries to negotiate a
set of features, including CHRE:.  If the destination MTA says "Yes, I
do CHRE:", then do a "CHRE:" step just after the "RCPT:" step.
Advantages to this include...

  1) Spam runs from compromised home machines (Jeem.pv and Guzu) with
forged "From:" addresses don't mailbomb innocent 3rd parties if rejected
at SMTP time.

  2) Yes, I realize that the ISP's MTA will have to keep state
information regarding the luser's preferences.  However, it comes down
to either a) ISP's server doing it (maybe luser enters pre-emptive
             whitelist/blocklist via web interface), or
          b) luser administering it on his own MUA (Aunt Ethel or your
             parents, yeah sure)

  3) Clients can change MUA's, restore backed-up drives, format and
re-install, access email via web interface or laptop or handheld, etc,
etc, without worrying about replicating/propagating a small distributed
database over several client MUA's and devices.  An XML structure to
download and upload settings would also be nice for synchronizing
multiple accounts at different ISPs.

  4) This would require changes in MTA rather than MUA.  The top 10 or
twenty ISP's on the planet probably have 100,000,000 customers. Questions
     a) is it going to be easier to implement changes at a couple of
        dozen locations (plus multiple redundant MTAs) or a hundred
        million locations (multiplied by the number of devices/MUA's the
        clients use to access their email) ?
     b) as per 2-b) do you expect Aunt Ethel to be competent to download
        and install updated MUA's ?  Hint, consider how many people use
        the default browser/mailer/newsreader that came with their OS.

  5) Doing C/R via embedded headers means having to accept the entire
email, because headers are part of DATA:.  This uses additional
bandwidth, even if the destination MTA issues a 550.

  6) Which is going to to impose more load on an MTA
     a) handling an extra stage in the SMTP negotiation
     b) accepting the entire email and parsing the entire body looking
        for C/R headers

  7) What about mailing lists (like this one for instance) that use
b0rken 2-bit defaults where hitting "r" to reply sends a reply not to
the list but to the individual sender ?  How difficult is it to insert a
"Reply-To:" header?  How are MUAs going to handle Envelope-From.  Don't
talk to me about "Return-Path:".  Many ISPs don't generate this on
incoming email, many MUAs don't use it, and your Aunt Ethel doesn't know
what it is, let alone the difference between "MAIL FROM:" and "From:".

  BTW, for those who despise b0rken mailing-list software, here is the
answer, via procmail.  Generate your own "Reply-To:" header...

:0 fhw
* ^X-BeenThere:.*asrg@ietf\.org
* !^Reply-To: asrg@ietf\.org
  | formail -i "Reply-To: asrg@ietf.org (ASRG list)"

  ISP-wide implementations that send challenges via regular email
address some, but not all of the above issues.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did
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To: ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
Message-ID: <20030611040029.GB1809@m433>
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Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 00:00:29 -0400

On Sat, Jun 07, 2003 at 06:31:33PM -0400, mathew wrote

> Charging the recipient is never going to work.
> 
> Even assuming for the moment that we could magically solve the problem 
> of unsolicited e-mail, such that users would only get charged for stuff 
> they had actually asked for, there's an insurmountable problem: the 
> companies who want to do marketing on the Internet will never go for it.
> 
> Reason being, nobody (plus or minus a handful of people) will pay to 
> receive marketing messages. Which means that if your vision of 
> receiver-pays happened, e-mail based marketing would die a rapid death.

  Ana-one, ana-two, ana-three... awwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww.  In plain
English... too f###ing bad.

> Many non-marketing mailing lists would die rapidly too. How many 
> mailing lists that you subscribe to would you still subscribe to if you 
> had to pay by the message? Would you even subscribe to *this* mailing 
> list if every e-mail was costing you money?
> 
> Users don't like per-message or per-minute receiving fees on services 
> they pay for. Look at mobile phones--the US has lagged behind Europe in 
> mobile phone usage because users must pay by the minute to *receive* 
> calls.

  I subscribe to IStop.com.  At http://www.istop.com/residential.html
they list the basic monthly bandwidth quotas, and surcharges for any
additional bandwidth.  I used to subscribe to Sympatico.ca.  At
http://www.bell.sympatico.ca/mainNavigation.do?currentPath=highspeedPath
they, too, list the basic monthly bandwidth quotas, and surcharges for
any additional bandwidth.  Even Sympatico's modest 10 gig limit isn't
going to be strained by any reasonable amount of confirmed opt-in mailing
lists like this one.  I'm not into file-sharing.  The only time I break
2 gigs in a month is when I download the latest linux distro.  Given a 10
megabyte inbox at the ISP, I'd have to run a cron job draining it every
7 hours, day in day out, just to download one gigabyte of email per
month, assuming that the inbox filled up every 7 hours.  That would cost
me $3.00/month at IStop, assuming I was already at or above my basic
bandwidth quota.  I'd run out of time to read that much junk mail long
before I ran out of money to pay for it.

> How much junk mail would you agree to receive if you had to pay the 
> USPS for received mail? In fact, early on the postal system was 
> "recipient pays". That scheme fell apart in no time.

  I have a dirty secret for you... the end-user already pays.  It's just
not itemized in their bill.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did
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To: ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Another criteria for "what is spam"...
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Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 01:57:25 -0400

On Wed, Jun 04, 2003 at 09:04:02PM -1000, Peter Kay wrote

> I tried to word that paragraph carefully but probably stumbled. Either
> that or you missed the "and". What I'm saying in that last paragraph is
> that if I've sent you email before AND I've not explicitly asked not to
> receive email from you anymore, THEN I'm implicitly approving receiving
> email from you.

  This reminds me of articles on some of the direct-marketing sites...
The first couple of paragraphs define confirmed opt-in, which everybody
agrees with.  The remaining 95% of the article tap-dances to a
pre-determined conclusion that if you click your heels and dance around
a faerie ring widdershins, then you can send advertising to people who
didn't ask for it, and it's *NOT* "really" spam.  This attitude on the
part of corporations that holds back e-commerce.  People are afraid of
ending up on lists each time they buy something online, so they don't
buy online.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did
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From: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] RMX+DMP = SPF: a technical approach
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Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 04:31:53 -0400

Hadmut Danisch has previously publicized RMX on this list and elsewhere.

Gordon Fecyk's DMP proposal competes with RMX.

SPF is a hybrid of the two approaches.

Since I have not received any showstopping criticism, I went ahead and
put up a user-friendly web site at http://spf.pobox.com/ which
describes SPF in detail, links to an Internet Draft proposal, and
answers common objections.  Code is being written to support SPF.

Please do not post your objections here; there are now dedicated
mailing lists for SPF.  To subscribe, email

   subscribe-spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com    or
  subscribe-spf-announce@v2.listbox.com

Please read http://spf.pobox.com/objections.html and
http://spf.pobox.com/faq.html before posting on the discuss list.

(The discuss list will be CC'ed on all announcements, so there's no
need to be on both.  I will also post important SPF news to ASRG.)

cheers
meng
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
......
>Note, that a CRI protocol will not help here since the HotMail C/R system 
>will authenticate the sender. Only active involvement by the ISP and 
>limiting amount of outgoing email will help. RMX will not resolve this 
>issue either.
.....

Hmm, very quiet on this one. Is we then back to square one? What will this 
mean for other web mail vendors. We do have a number of Perl/php-scripts 
out, to batch connect to retreive mail from Hotmail, Lycos and others, 
modifyable to send instead. I then thought that C/R systems are a bit of a 
colossus on clay feet, but most discussion during may/june seem to have been 
about which C/R method is best, not that much about if it's practical or not 
or simpler methods to C/R and RMX, that forces more us to do more drastic 
changes of our infrastructure.

About two months ago, I presented a complementary methodology for spam 
detection, that I call the "Earnest" method, because it is based on the only 
earnest data that exists in the spams, URL's and phone numbers.

At that time Kee Hinckley had some serious views about my ideas and views, 
so I spent some time to make a more thorough survey, increasing data from my 
original 6.000 own spams with some 40.000 from the Spamhaus archives and 
another 15.000 from a guy active in european RIPE's spam discussion list, 
i.e. a total of 60.000 spams. Hopeful I have a more statistical significant 
amount of spam to revisit my idea.

For the background, from my own spams, I extracted 1.500 unique URL's and 
phone nos, from Spamhaus another 5.000 and from RIPE the last 2.500, on the 
pattern base something.com, something.biz, something.co.tw and so on.  After 
sorting my own and Spamhaus together, I had 1.200 that was common, giving a 
total of 5.300 unique entries. After adding the RIPE data, another 800 was 
common, giving a total of ca 7.000 unique URL's and numbers. When visually 
reviewing them, I also found that many where so alike in naming structure, 
that they obviously is related and that the data probably represent no more 
than 3-4.000 real web sites.

My conclusion is that even if we deal with 100:s of millions of spams, we, 
as Spamhaus estimates with the numbers of real active spammers (+200), only 
deal with a limited number of domains and phone numbers, maybe less than 
100.000, so if we concentrate the effort, as I laid out in the Earnest 
method presentation, to extract that _real_ data, it makes the filtering 
task easier and faster and require less resources.

As I said last time, the key part is that if you send a spam, you, as a 
spammer, need to make it easy for the user to go to the site, so you get 
your dues, i.e. supply a working url or readable phone number. If you code 
that url in anyway other than to code the whole page with base64 (a quit 
possible spammer solution), as "%xx" or a "&#xxx;" web char code, you forces 
your target to type in the whole URL, which leads to a drastic reduced hit 
rate for the spammer's customer. Simplicity is the main driver behind spam. 
If the process don't produce, the customers will not use spam, a simple 
economic maxim IT people often tend to forget.

And as far as I found in my tests, you can't not "char" code neither "a 
href" nor the "http://" statements of an URL, because they will then not 
work. Therefore these parts will always be in clear text and grepable. If 
those lines is decoded for any char encoding of the addresses and compared 
in an case insensitive and free text search, they can't hide, if their URL 
is there, you get a hit. And if they try to put in more URL's, they still 
don't get away. They could try to disguise the address with a line break in 
the address, but if the filter have a check for breaks before the closing 
">" that can be handled. This simpler than analyzing the whole letter.

One of Kee's objections, where that it would be a resource demanding filter. 
After studying the issue further, my only concern is a increased usage of 
the mime coding, the tests I've done with sed based char decoding and nawk 
"<!-" comments decoding filters have resulted minor resource demands, that 
most, except the large ISP sites, will have no problem with. Comment coding 
is mainly a problem for phone number matching, not for URL's, they breaks.  
Now neither sed nor nawk is the best tools for this, so result should be 
dramaticlly improved by using a purpose designed filter, than my present 
solution, that just is a shell script test filter.

But how does my list of 7.000 URL and numbers work? Well, I have today 
relegated my old mail-acount to a test account, protected by a basic shell 
script, mail filtered and matched to the list by an simple grep command. The 
list also include the names/IP-nos of some 2.000 open mail relays. I 
yesterday received the first two spams into the box for 2 months (it get ca 
10 spams a day). I also send over my present mailbox to it, to check for 
false positives and after a clean out of some 1000 old mail relays mid-May, 
I had no false positive at all. Based on that the test script yet doesn't 
have any more advanced feature as mime decoding, it greps on whole the text, 
not looking for broken lines in the URL's and so on, I regards this a fairly 
good result.

As a example, when I went from my 1.500 URL's and 3.000 relays to the 
5.300+2.000 including Spamhaus, I went from 1 spam in of 10 delivered, to 1 
spam in 300.

Another issue Kee brought up, that I had no good solution to then, where how 
to keep the target list up to date ? There is a number of actions needed to 
handle this issue:

1. There always will be an amount of spams, directly to a targeted number 
domains. If there internally exist a mailbox for forwarding of spams (larger 
corporations/sites might want a number of addresses to not make the address 
to widely known), that have a spam processor, extracting the URL's and phone 
numbers. The local users can forward their spam here, creating a locally 
adapted blocking. As my own results shows, this method gets most of 
addresses that I will encounter over a longer period, 9 of 10. (OK, this 
part might be a problem, due to Jacob Nielsens patent).

2. Due to the size of the problem, it could be regarded prudent that US FTC 
and it's EU counterpart do run honeypots, where spam is collected in the 
same way as for the local spambox, to make official lists, that can be 
merged with local lists.  With a large number of addresses over a number of 
domains (same end mailbox though), addresses distributed on "fake" web pages 
and in Usenet, these honeypots should get a fast momentum, producing lists 
that from beginning catches ca 80 % of the spams. With the local lists, I 
estimate that these two would accounts for blocking over 95 % of the 
possible spams to a individual site, within a couple of weeks.

3. Anyone interested, could set up their own honeypots, publishing their own 
lists. These will increase hits further. Oh, these could be tainted, if 
discovered, yes. That was another of Kee's original objections, but my 
answer is: what is the chance that a spammer would include a URL that my 
Aunt Agatha ever would think of sending me? Probably nil. They can't win 
this one, since it only affect mail, with just those URL's/numbers, never 
the web. If we knows that msn.com always get filtered out due to the 
spammers, well, why send that address as a link? A nuisance, yes, but we 
have adopted short codes for other events. The only thing that the spammer 
do achieve, is that some lists will get much bigger than the rest and 
thereby get suspicious.

4. With a baysian filter on the URL's, a filter could learn to catch related 
new URL's without updating the spamlist. Due to the lesser amount of data to 
analyze it is faster. With so many related sites, this would help a lot.

5. When we locally joins the existing list with an external master, it is 
simply a "sort | uniq" command. A cron job that collects the "master" file 
with some of the batch web "browsers" and does the joining. Upgrading data 
is therefor simple.

6. If you know that you absolutely have no asian users, make the spamfilter 
work with chars as "ëĂâ±ÝŔ". If it finds a number of them (look at 
combinations typical for your asian spammer) and you have a 100% success 
rate. I haven't seen a asian mail in my testbox since February, when I 
remade my test filter to dump such letters, though I have a 40% average of 
them in the incoming spam.

7. If you don't accept that someone does block a certain spammer, you simply 
remove the entry from the list (OK, only on a site basis for simplicity).

8. It is up to the taste of the MTA/UA designers if they just want to 
through away the spam or put it in a separate mailbox (IMAP/Maildir?) for 
visual inspection of both false positive and interesting spams, allow for 
spam with the "ADV:"-flag in subject or what ever. And it is up to us to 
chose MTA/UA. Keep a time limit on spam, maybe not older than, say, 2 weeks. 
I'll run my test this way today. And no-one for spammers to sue (a tell tail 
sign that they are pushed against the rail), because my company/organization 
do have an exclusive right to decide what our resources is used for, not the 
spammers. I decide how we use a retreived spamlist, not they who collected 
it.

The result should also be, that as soon the customer to a spammer moves to a 
new phone number or URL, to get away from a blocking, that one gets 
immediately tainted due to the spammer's own actions. In the end it makes 
the process not economical viable, changing URL's or numbers (i.e. call 
center operator) for every spam, particular as the process does not care 
about sub-domains, which is the most common way of changing URL today. 10-15 
subs to a main domain for some. Before I filtered those out I had some 
15.000 unique URL's.

As I said before, the most visible threat I see is that they all go over to 
base64 encoded mails, but then I tell my counterparts, "do not send me 
base64 mails, because I'll dump them. Use ftp or a web address for me to 
retrieve any attachment". So that is also a possible filter tactic. On the 
other hand, someone on the list with knowledge and time might be able to 
make a simple and fast streaming filter that works better far better than 
deview or metamail in a spam filter environment. Another threat is pure 
huliganism, there baysian filters is the only option.

Kurt Magnusson

_________________________________________________________________
Help STOP SPAM with the new MSN 8 and get 2 months FREE*  
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Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 15:36:25 -0400

See the following SecurityFocus article 
(http://www.securityfocus.com/news/5654) and the related SlashDot story 
(http://yro.slashdot.org/yro/03/06/11/1853254.shtml). Some quotes:

--snip--
"The most rapacious consumers of the stolen address space are spammers 
trying to stay a step ahead of anti-spam blacklists. A /16 provides a lot 
of addresses to hide behind, a lot of launch pads for unwanted e-mail, 
squats for hastily-erected spamvertised websites, and attack points from 
which one can scan the Internet for misconfigured proxy servers-- useful 
for laundering even more spam. Some anti-spam investigators believe an 
underground economy exists in which a large block of address space is 
broken down and re-sold in smaller chunks like a boosted Acura in a 
chop-shop. "Money is changing hands," says Kai Schlichting, a veteran 
network engineer who tracks down stolen IP space in his spare time. "I 
wouldn't be surprised if you could sell a /16 for $100,000 in bits and pieces."

" But elsewhere the scam has intensified in recent months, with at least 
seven large allocations found newly-diverted, and countless other cases 
suspected. Last month anti-spam groups and concerned network operators 
formed a private mailing list to investigate the phenomenon outside the 
view of cyberjackers. "There's anything up to 100 of these blocks out there 
on the loose," estimates Richard Cox, an IT forensics guru with Mandarin 
Technology in the U.K. "That's the magnitude that we're dealing with here."

"Network operators were galvanized by a particularly brazen case in April, 
when a trail of spam led to the discovery that no-less than six /16s -- 
nearly 400,000 addresses -- had been misappropriated from Trafalgar House, 
a British construction and shipping conglomerate that's now part of Aker 
Kvaerner, headquartered in Norway. From the U.K., Cox discovered that the 
perpetrators conned the American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) into 
changing the contact information for the space. One of the /16s was traced 
to a Dutch spammer, and the other five to a mysterious company called 
"Fedfinancial Corp."
	Fedfinancial managed to convince ARIN that it had been contracted to 
provide network management services for Trafalgar. ARIN won't say exactly 
how it was swindled, but registration records show the grifters had an 
authentic-looking e-mail address at a newly-minted "traf-infosystems.net" 
domain, and a genuine street address with matching voice and fax telephone 
numbers. But the phone numbers ring to Nevada and Offshore Business 
Formation, a company that sets up corporations for a fee, and takes orders 
over the Web. Public records show that they incorporated Fedfinancial as a 
Nevada corporation last January, on behalf of an unnamed client. The street 
address is also theirs. "

"But like the mob moving in on a neighborhood poker game, spammers have 
turned a once-harmless misdemeanor into an organized and well-funded 
scheme. Internet defenders shudder at the thought of large portions of the 
net's real-estate under the control of anonymous rogue entities. "There's 
no accountability. You don't know who really owns this particular address 
space. You have no way of finding out," says Schlichting." Some even worry 
that malefactors will go a step further, and begin hijacking address space 
that's already in active use. "This whole episode has identified huge 
weaknesses in the Internet's own infrastructure," says Cox. "What we've 
seen happen is trivial compared to what we've seen possible."
--snip-- 

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Date: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 15:50:50 -0400

At 09:56 PM 6/10/2003 -0400, Bob Wyman wrote:
>[..]
>     My motivation for presenting the list is, in part, to demonstrate 
> that the task of producing an exhaustive listing of spam-related IPR is 
> going to be much more work than it may seem. Frankly, I think we're going 
> to have to rely on the existing IETF procedures for IPR holders filing of 
> IPR disclosures...
>
>  [..]

Based on Bob's comments above, is there a need for us to maintain a list 
such as one that I have 
(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html)? Or should we wait 
until the IPR holders approach us?

Yakov

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------_=_NextPart_001_01C33100.E045F463
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We'd like to submit some proposals of anti-spam approaches to the group
for review.  We'd also like our proposal to be as consistent as possible
with other proposals already submitted.  Paul Judge has posted several
guidelines which we will follow. Ideally I'd like to start our document
based on what this group believes represents "best practices".   Which
submitted proposal does this group think is currently the best one?=20
=20
Peter Kay, President
TitanKey Software
Web: www.titankey.com <http://www.titankey.com/>=20
The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
=20

------_=_NextPart_001_01C33100.E045F463
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Message</TITLE>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
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<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D968173516-12062003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>We'd =
like to submit=20
some proposals of anti-spam approaches to the group for review.&nbsp; =
We'd also=20
like our proposal to be as consistent as possible with other proposals =
already=20
submitted.&nbsp; Paul Judge has posted several guidelines which we will =
follow.=20
Ideally I'd like to start our document based on&nbsp;what this group =
believes=20
represents "best practices".&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Which submitted proposal =
does this=20
group think is currently the best one? </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV align=3Dleft>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D317512918-09052003>Peter Kay<SPAN class=3D968173516-12062003>,=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
class=3D317512918-09052003>President</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>TitanKey=20
Software</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Web: =
<A=20
href=3D"http://www.titankey.com/">www.titankey.com</A></FONT></SPAN></DIV=
>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The =
only technology=20
that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent</FONT></SPAN></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>
=00
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 06:32:23 -1000
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IMHO: as an a holder of a anti-spam patent pending, I think its best to
let IPR holders approach us. Otherwise you put yourself in the
unenviable position of "authority" on patents. If you just say "these
are the IPR claims that have been submitted to us" that makes it clean
and simple, not to mention easy to maintain.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, June 11, 2003 9:51 AM
> To: Asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
> 
> 
> At 09:56 PM 6/10/2003 -0400, Bob Wyman wrote:
> >[..]
> >     My motivation for presenting the list is, in part, to 
> demonstrate
> > that the task of producing an exhaustive listing of 
> spam-related IPR is 
> > going to be much more work than it may seem. Frankly, I 
> think we're going 
> > to have to rely on the existing IETF procedures for IPR 
> holders filing of 
> > IPR disclosures...
> >
> >  [..]
> 
> Based on Bob's comments above, is there a need for us to 
> maintain a list 
> such as one that I have 
> (http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html)? Or 
> should we wait 
> until the IPR holders approach us?
> 
> Yakov
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Peter Kay'" <peter@titankey.com>, <Asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] good example of ASRG proposal?
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 12:52:50 -0400

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An exceptionally important "Best Practice" is that you should submit
your proposal in the form of an Internet Draft if it is something more
than just an off-the-cuff suggestion. The easiest way to generate such a
thing is to use the XML2RFC system maintained by Marshal Rose at:
http://xml.resource.org/ .=20
=20
        bob wyman

-----Original Message-----
From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Peter Kay
Sent: Thursday, June 12, 2003 12:37 PM
To: Asrg@ietf.org
Subject: [Asrg] good example of ASRG proposal?


We'd like to submit some proposals of anti-spam approaches to the group
for review.  We'd also like our proposal to be as consistent as possible
with other proposals already submitted.  Paul Judge has posted several
guidelines which we will follow. Ideally I'd like to start our document
based on what this group believes represents "best practices".   Which
submitted proposal does this group think is currently the best one?=20
=20
Peter Kay, President
TitanKey Software
Web: www.titankey.com <http://www.titankey.com/>=20
The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
=20


------=_NextPart_000_004A_01C330E1.88458C60
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<TITLE>Message</TITLE>

<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1170" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D416434816-12062003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>An=20
exceptionally important "Best Practice" is that you should submit your =
proposal=20
in the form of&nbsp;an Internet Draft if it is something more than just =
an=20
off-the-cuff suggestion. The easiest way to generate such a thing is to =
use the=20
XML2RFC system maintained by Marshal Rose at: <A=20
href=3D"http://xml.resource.org/">http://xml.resource.org/</A>&nbsp;.=20
</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D416434816-12062003><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN =
class=3D416434816-12062003>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>bob =
wyman</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr style=3D"MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV></DIV>
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader lang=3Den-us dir=3Dltr =
align=3Dleft><FONT=20
  face=3DTahoma size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B>=20
  asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org] <B>On Behalf Of =
</B>Peter=20
  Kay<BR><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, June 12, 2003 12:37 PM<BR><B>To:</B>=20
  Asrg@ietf.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> [Asrg] good example of ASRG=20
  proposal?<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=3D968173516-12062003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>We'd =
like to=20
  submit some proposals of anti-spam approaches to the group for =
review.&nbsp;=20
  We'd also like our proposal to be as consistent as possible with other =

  proposals already submitted.&nbsp; Paul Judge has posted several =
guidelines=20
  which we will follow. Ideally I'd like to start our document based=20
  on&nbsp;what this group believes represents "best=20
  practices".&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Which submitted proposal does this group =
think is=20
  currently the best one? </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV align=3Dleft>
  <DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial><FONT size=3D2><SPAN=20
  class=3D317512918-09052003>Peter Kay<SPAN class=3D968173516-12062003>, =

  </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
  class=3D317512918-09052003>President</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>TitanKey=20
  Software</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
  <DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Web: =
<A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.titankey.com/">www.titankey.com</A></FONT></SPAN></DIV=
>
  <DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The =
only=20
  technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even =
sent</FONT></SPAN></DIV></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: [Asrg] News Article - Court denies Mailblocks' injunction request
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 12:52:50 -0400

Take a look at this News.com article:

http://news.com.com/2100-1032_3-1016250.html

Some quotes:

"A Washington district court this week denied a request for a preliminary 
injunction by Mailblocks, an antispam software company that claims rival 
Spam Arrest is violating its patented technology. "

"The court ruled in favor of Spam Arrest's motion to stay the request 
despite its admission of patent infringement. Spam Arrest argued instead 
that Mailblocks' patents were invalid because of "prior art"--that is, 
because systems for challenge-response technology predate Mailblocks' own. 
The company also requested that similar pending patent complaints by 
Mailblocks, such as one against EarthLink, should be combined and heard as 
one by the Multidistrict Litigation Panel, which specializes in hearing 
multiple complaints. "

" The company has already dropped a similar suit against MailFrontier 
because it entered into discussions, he said. Also, the company expects to 
announce its first licensing partner later this week"

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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To: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>, Asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 14:42:22 -0400

At 06:32 AM 6/12/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

>IMHO: as an a holder of a anti-spam patent pending, I think its best to
>let IPR holders approach us. Otherwise you put yourself in the
>unenviable position of "authority" on patents. If you just say "these
>are the IPR claims that have been submitted to us" that makes it clean
>and simple, not to mention easy to maintain.

In some cases this would not be true. Take MailBlocks, for example - they 
are claiming patents on all C/R systems. They have not approached, and 
since their IP is of very general nature, thus we must approach them to 
solicit a submission of IPR claims which is what I have done. Otherwise, we 
might be working on a standard only to find out that it is patented. As for 
the patents that are covering every nook and cranny of anti-spam, I am 
agreeing with you. It would be an impossible task to catalog all patents in 
the world.

Therefore, I am suggesting that we should have the following policy:
1. Solicit input from IP holders on very broad business methods patents 
such as the MailBlocks patents.
2. Request that all members of the group that have IP, submit information 
about it.
3. Accept submissions from IPR claimants that are not part of the group as 
they send them.

P.S. BTW, Peter, it would probably be prudent that you let us know some 
details on your IP. Feel free to use the template 
(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html).

Yakov

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Subject: [Asrg] Statistical Analysis shows SPF should work Pretty Well
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 16:24:50 -0400 (EDT)

Executive Summary:

   Matching sender domain with client IP is a strong predictor of spamminess.

   http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/analysis01.png

Analysis:

I analyzed 6,810,374 unique deliveries over a two-month period whose
senders claimed to be from aol.com, hotmail.com, and yahoo.com.  Those
deliveries came from 1,885,248 distinct email senders.  I classified
those senders using statistical methods into 1,775,660 spammer
addresses and 109,588 nonspammer addresses.

Of the 1,775,660 addresses which my classifier decided were more
likely to be spammers than not-spammers, 4,188 actually originated
from aol, hotmail, or yahoo.  That is a statistically insignificant
number and reflects more on the imperfection of my classifier scheme
than anything else.  The classifier scheme is described at
http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/.

Conclusion 1: aol, hotmail, and yahoo have successfully implemented
outbound antispam technology, ie. ways to ensure that only humans sign
up for their accounts, or limits on per-account outbound message volume.

The analysis is described in detail at http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/analysis01.txt

The important result of the analysis is a log/log scatterplot
   http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/analysis01.png

Each dot represents one or more sender addresses; the color of the dot
represents whether the domain matched the client IP --- sort of a
proto-SPF, using PTR instead.  There is a collision problem but on the
whole the output communicates pretty well.

Conclusion 2: Client IPs whose PTR do not match their sender domains are
more likely to be spam than not.

But that means a scheme like SPF/DMP/RMX should work nicely.
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 14:22:45 -0400

I have been in touch with someone at MailBlocks, Inc. regarding their 
patents. First of all, MailBlocks's has submitted the following IPR 
template, which I added to the IPR document 
(http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html):

------
The IP Holder states that its position with respect to licensing any IP 
claims disclosed above that would be necessary to implement the technology 
required by an IETF Proposed Standard, Draft Standard, or Standard (or 
other IETF document) is as follows (select one option only):

(X) Licensing Declaration to be Provided Later (implies a willingness to 
license in some form to all implementers; otherwise, "Unwilling to License 
to All Implementers" must be selected)
------

They had further informed me that they are willing to review any anti-spam 
proposal regarding their IPR claims and in general want to help the 
IETF/IRTF and the ASRG. They further informed me that as of now, they feel 
that their IP covers any C/R system that interacts between a computer and a 
human being. Something like the CRI protocol that Eric Dean is working on, 
where two computers are interacting with each other,  they are not sure 
about, but will study it and issue an opinion. Obviously, unless the whole 
Internet suddenly deploys the CRI protocol, there will be interaction with 
humans, so this might be irrelevant.

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  

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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 23:06:27 -0400

At 4:24 PM -0400 6/12/03, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>Conclusion 2: Client IPs whose PTR do not match their sender domains are
>more likely to be spam than not.
>
>But that means a scheme like SPF/DMP/RMX should work nicely.

As would turning off your mail server.
How many false positives would such a scheme result in?
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 20:49:32 -0600 (MDT)

> From: mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com (Meng Weng Wong)

> ...
> Conclusion 1: aol, hotmail, and yahoo have successfully implemented
> outbound antispam technology, ie. ways to ensure that only humans sign
> up for their accounts, or limits on per-account outbound message volume.

Success is certainly is fleeting.  See
  http://www.google.com/search?q=hotmail+dav
  http://news.google.com/news?q=hotmail+dav
  http://www.vnunet.com/News/1141514
I've also seen recent reports from usually reliable sources that
Microsoft's account creation mechanism has been "scripted."

A summmary of all of that is that in recent weeks spammers have been
significant spam through Hotmail systems.


This goes to show that questions (not just statements) about whether
characteristics of spam (or spam defenses) occur some of the time or
most of the time should be view critically.  Measurements of spam
can be useful for showing that a characteristic (practically?) always
or never occurs in spam or that a tactic of spammers or spam defenses
always or never works.  Concluding much from a measurement that
says "X happens 90%" (or 9%) is often an error.


> ...
> Conclusion 2: Client IPs whose PTR do not match their sender domains are
> more likely to be spam than not.
>
> But that means a scheme like SPF/DMP/RMX should work nicely.

Does that imply that your definition of "work nicely" allows as many
as 50% false positives?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 01:44:14 -0400

At 11:06 PM 6/12/2003 -0400, Kee Hinckley wrote:

>At 4:24 PM -0400 6/12/03, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>>Conclusion 2: Client IPs whose PTR do not match their sender domains are
>>more likely to be spam than not.
>>
>>But that means a scheme like SPF/DMP/RMX should work nicely.
>
>As would turning off your mail server.
>How many false positives would such a scheme result in?
>--
>Kee Hinckley
>http://www.messagefire.com/         Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
>http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/  Writings on Technology and Society
>
>I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
>responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
>everyone else's.

Meng,

Do you have some data on false positives?  

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I think your suggestion is a very good and balanced one. And I'm going
to fully disclose our IPR.

Peter

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, June 12, 2003 9:01 AM
> To: Peter Kay; Asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
> 
> 
> At 06:32 AM 6/12/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
> 
> >IMHO: as an a holder of a anti-spam patent pending, I think 
> its best to 
> >let IPR holders approach us. Otherwise you put yourself in the 
> >unenviable position of "authority" on patents. If you just 
> say "these 
> >are the IPR claims that have been submitted to us" that 
> makes it clean 
> >and simple, not to mention easy to maintain.
> 
> In some cases this would not be true. Take MailBlocks, for 
> example - they 
> are claiming patents on all C/R systems. They have not 
> approached, and 
> since their IP is of very general nature, thus we must 
> approach them to 
> solicit a submission of IPR claims which is what I have done. 
> Otherwise, we 
> might be working on a standard only to find out that it is 
> patented. As for 
> the patents that are covering every nook and cranny of 
> anti-spam, I am 
> agreeing with you. It would be an impossible task to catalog 
> all patents in 
> the world.
> 
> Therefore, I am suggesting that we should have the following 
> policy: 1. Solicit input from IP holders on very broad 
> business methods patents 
> such as the MailBlocks patents.
> 2. Request that all members of the group that have IP, submit 
> information 
> about it.
> 3. Accept submissions from IPR claimants that are not part of 
> the group as 
> they send them.
> 
> P.S. BTW, Peter, it would probably be prudent that you let us 
> know some 
> details on your IP. Feel free to use the template 
> (http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html).
> 
> Yakov
> 
> 
> 
> 


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  Well
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 22:58:04 -0400

At 04:24 PM 6/12/2003 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>[..]
>    Matching sender domain with client IP is a strong predictor of spamminess.

We already know that, that's why people are pushing the RMX-like proposals 
to make sure that the basic flaw in SMTP is taken care off. However, there 
are still some gray areas such as people who are traveling, and domains 
providing email service for other domains.

>[..]
>  The classifier scheme is described at
>http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/.

Your classifier scheme seems to work similar to the scheme used by 
TitanKey's system. In TitanKey's system, a "550" is issued to every message 
based on the assumption that spammers clean their lists because of SMTP 
errors. Then a challenge is issued to the receiver and the regular C/R 
process takes off. In your system, a "4xx" transient error code is issued. 
This is based on the assumption that:
o Spammers won't retry after they get a deferral

During the discussion about TitanKey's system, many people have stated that 
these basic assumptions have no valid data backing them up. Unless someone 
here is an "honest" spammer [sic], no one in the group can really provide 
any data as to what goes on behind the scenes on the spammer side. The 
advantage of your system is the same as TitanKey: the message is rejected 
before its received, thus reducing costs of dealing with storing the 
processing such message. However, whether the assumption here tends to be 
correct or not, is beginning to crop up all over, like you mentioned on 
your page. It would be interesting to see what spammers are doing but in 
any case this solution is probably a temporary fix.

>Conclusion 1: aol, hotmail, and yahoo have successfully implemented
>outbound antispam technology, ie. ways to ensure that only humans sign
>up for their accounts, or limits on per-account outbound message volume.

See my previous message some time ago about Hotmail's scripting abilities. 
Providers, especially the free ones, have a long way to go to reduce 
outbound message volume.

>[..]
>
>Conclusion 2: Client IPs whose PTR do not match their sender domains are
>more likely to be spam than not.

That's why AOL rejects email from addresses without PTRs (see 
http://postmaster.info.aol.com/standards.html)

>But that means a scheme like SPF/DMP/RMX should work nicely.

It is very useful to see real-life data once in a while. Thanks.

Yakov


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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 14:32:47 -0400

At 10:50 PM 6/10/2003 -0400, waltdnes@waltdnes.org wrote:

>On Sun, Jun 08, 2003 at 10:47:00AM -0400, Eric Dean wrote
> > I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with proposing
> > a new RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of
> > it, then so be it.  I'll proceed br producing a draft with real
> > 2822-type headers.
> >
> > However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate
> > in the meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed
> > 2822 headers
>
>   Has any consideration been given to doing this at the SMTP stage
>rather than as part of DATA: ?  E.g. an EHLO which tries to negotiate a
>set of features, including CHRE:.  If the destination MTA says "Yes, I
>do CHRE:", then do a "CHRE:" step just after the "RCPT:" step.
>Advantages to this include...

We had been discussing this, especially considering that TitanKey's system 
is starting to move in that direction. We want to define the headers 
approach first, followed by MIME headers and ESMTP. We had also been 
considering using the ESMTP extension used for DSNs (RFCs 3461-3464) and 
the Message Tracking Protocol that is being developed by an IETF WG.

The consensus seems to be that SMTP approach is not right for everyone, the 
basic approach is using headers and MIME, with SMTP as an option for those 
who want it.

>   1) Spam runs from compromised home machines (Jeem.pv and Guzu) with
>forged "From:" addresses don't mailbomb innocent 3rd parties if rejected
>at SMTP time.

That was the advantage the Peter from TitanKey pointed out. His current 
system rejects email at SMTP level before the DATA command, and then sends 
a challenge.

>   2) Yes, I realize that the ISP's MTA will have to keep state
>information regarding the luser's preferences.  However, it comes down
>to either a) ISP's server doing it (maybe luser enters pre-emptive
>              whitelist/blocklist via web interface), or
>           b) luser administering it on his own MUA (Aunt Ethel or your
>              parents, yeah sure)

Privacy issues are a big concern here. Keep in mind that in the USA, this 
information can be subpoened by many parties ranging from the RIAA seeking 
copyright pirates to the FBI via the FBIS. Some approaches here such as 
using checksums, one way functions, cryptography, etc. are needed.

>   3) Clients can change MUA's, restore backed-up drives, format and
>re-install, access email via web interface or laptop or handheld, etc,
>etc, without worrying about replicating/propagating a small distributed
>database over several client MUA's and devices.  An XML structure to
>download and upload settings would also be nice for synchronizing
>multiple accounts at different ISPs.

We cannot mandate the changes to the whole world. As I mentioned, SMTP 
approach would be optional.

>   4) This would require changes in MTA rather than MUA.  The top 10 or
>twenty ISP's on the planet probably have 100,000,000 customers. Questions
>      a) is it going to be easier to implement changes at a couple of
>         dozen locations (plus multiple redundant MTAs) or a hundred
>         million locations (multiplied by the number of devices/MUA's the
>         clients use to access their email) ?
>      b) as per 2-b) do you expect Aunt Ethel to be competent to download
>         and install updated MUA's ?  Hint, consider how many people use
>         the default browser/mailer/newsreader that came with their OS.
>
>   5) Doing C/R via embedded headers means having to accept the entire
>email, because headers are part of DATA:.  This uses additional
>bandwidth, even if the destination MTA issues a 550.
>
>   6) Which is going to to impose more load on an MTA
>      a) handling an extra stage in the SMTP negotiation
>      b) accepting the entire email and parsing the entire body looking
>         for C/R headers
>
>   7) What about mailing lists (like this one for instance) that use
>b0rken 2-bit defaults where hitting "r" to reply sends a reply not to
>the list but to the individual sender ?  How difficult is it to insert a
>"Reply-To:" header?  How are MUAs going to handle Envelope-From.  Don't
>talk to me about "Return-Path:".  Many ISPs don't generate this on
>incoming email, many MUAs don't use it, and your Aunt Ethel doesn't know
>what it is, let alone the difference between "MAIL FROM:" and "From:".

All these issues are good points, thats why we are looking at an optional 
SMTP protocol. 

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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Statistical Analysis shows SPF should work Pretty
  Well
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 01:48:56 -0400

At 08:49 PM 6/12/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com (Meng Weng Wong)
>
> > ...
> > Conclusion 1: aol, hotmail, and yahoo have successfully implemented
> > outbound antispam technology, ie. ways to ensure that only humans sign
> > up for their accounts, or limits on per-account outbound message volume.
>
>Success is certainly is fleeting.  See
>   http://www.google.com/search?q=hotmail+dav
>   http://news.google.com/news?q=hotmail+dav
>   http://www.vnunet.com/News/1141514

This also appeared on SlashDot story 
(http://yro.slashdot.org/yro/03/06/08/0257203.shtml).

>I've also seen recent reports from usually reliable sources that
>Microsoft's account creation mechanism has been "scripted."

By contrast Yahoo is employing a Turing test process to test sign ups. I 
wonder if Hotmail would use such process, would that reduce the problem? 
Probably not, as long as the WebDAV facility is turned on.

>A summmary of all of that is that in recent weeks spammers have been
>significant spam through Hotmail systems.
>
>
>This goes to show that questions (not just statements) about whether
>characteristics of spam (or spam defenses) occur some of the time or
>most of the time should be view critically.  Measurements of spam
>can be useful for showing that a characteristic (practically?) always
>or never occurs in spam or that a tactic of spammers or spam defenses
>always or never works.  Concluding much from a measurement that
>says "X happens 90%" (or 9%) is often an error.
>

This is also true for the underlying assumption that is discussed on Wong's 
webpage regarding using transient failure codes (4xx) to stop spammers.

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Subject: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list)
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Date: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 23:45:53 -0400


We have decided to adopt the following IPR policy for the ASRG. It is based
on the IETF's IPR policy as outlined in RFC 2026.


"By submission of a contribution, each person actually submitting the
   contribution is deemed to agree to the following terms and conditions
   on his own behalf, on behalf of the organization (if any) he
   represents and on behalf of the owners of any propriety rights in the
   contribution..  Where a submission identifies contributors in
   addition to the contributor(s) who provide the actual submission, the
   actual submitter(s) represent that each other named contributor was
   made aware of and agreed to accept the same terms and conditions on
   his own behalf, on behalf of any organization he may represent and
   any known owner of any proprietary rights in the contribution.

The contributor represents that he has disclosed the existence of
      any proprietary or intellectual property rights in the
      contribution that are reasonably and personally known to the
      contributor.  The contributor does not represent that he
      personally knows of all potentially pertinent proprietary and
      intellectual property rights owned or claimed by the organization
      he represents (if any) or third parties."

This means that the person submitting a proposal is responsible for stating
any relevant IPR that he knows about even if he is not the holder of the
rights. This does allow for other members to notify a contributor about
relevant IPR after the initial submission. The contributor should then
disclose this information in revisions of the contribution.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, June 12, 2003 2:42 PM
> To: Peter Kay; Asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
> 
> 
> At 06:32 AM 6/12/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
> 
> >IMHO: as an a holder of a anti-spam patent pending, I think 
> its best to 
> >let IPR holders approach us. Otherwise you put yourself in the 
> >unenviable position of "authority" on patents. If you just 
> say "these 
> >are the IPR claims that have been submitted to us" that 
> makes it clean 
> >and simple, not to mention easy to maintain.
> 
> In some cases this would not be true. Take MailBlocks, for 
> example - they 
> are claiming patents on all C/R systems. They have not 
> approached, and 
> since their IP is of very general nature, thus we must 
> approach them to 
> solicit a submission of IPR claims which is what I have done. 
> Otherwise, we 
> might be working on a standard only to find out that it is 
> patented. As for 
> the patents that are covering every nook and cranny of 
> anti-spam, I am 
> agreeing with you. It would be an impossible task to catalog 
> all patents in 
> the world.
> 
> Therefore, I am suggesting that we should have the following 
> policy: 1. Solicit input from IP holders on very broad 
> business methods patents 
> such as the MailBlocks patents.
> 2. Request that all members of the group that have IP, submit 
> information 
> about it.
> 3. Accept submissions from IPR claimants that are not part of 
> the group as 
> they send them.
> 
> P.S. BTW, Peter, it would probably be prudent that you let us 
> know some 
> details on your IP. Feel free to use the template 
> (http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html).
> 
> Yakov
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Statistical Analysis shows SPF should work Pretty Well
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 07:14:30 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> By contrast Yahoo is employing a Turing test process to test sign ups. I 
> wonder if Hotmail would use such process, would that reduce the problem? 
> ...

Obviously not.

Computers will not be able to administer anything that might reasonably
be called a Turing test until they can pass one.  For the immediately
foreseeable future, any text based test administered by computers will
be as vulnerable to "scripting" as one based on pictures.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 12:00:37 -0400

At 11:57 AM 6/13/2003 -0400, Bob Wyman wrote:

>Paul Judge wrote:
> > We have decided to adopt the following IPR policy for the ASRG.
> > It is based on the IETF's IPR policy as outlined in RFC 2026.
>
>         I hope everyone is aware that IPR policy has been and continues
>to be quite a hotly discussed issue in the IETF IPR Working group. There
>are currently a number of ID's which are very close to going to final
>call that clarify the existing IETF policies.
>[..]

That working group is only working on IPR policy for IETF, not IRTF. Like 
Vern Paxson mentioned earlier, the IRTF does not have a former policy, it 
is decided on case-by-case basis.

Yakov  

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Paul Judge'" <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com>,
        "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        "'Peter Kay'" <peter@titankey.com>, <Asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list)
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Paul Judge wrote:
> We have decided to adopt the following IPR policy for the ASRG. 
> It is based on the IETF's IPR policy as outlined in RFC 2026.

	I hope everyone is aware that IPR policy has been and continues
to be quite a hotly discussed issue in the IETF IPR Working group. There
are currently a number of ID's which are very close to going to final
call that clarify the existing IETF policies.

The IPR working group charter is at:
http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ipr-charter.html
The mailing list archives are at:
  www.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/ipr-wg/current/maillist.html

The documents currently being developed are:
Guidelines for Working Groups on Intellectual Property Issues
 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipr-wg-guidelines-05.txt
Intellectual Property Rights in IETF Technology
 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipr-technology-rights-09.
txt
IETF Rights in Contributions
 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipr-submission-rights-06.
txt
A Template for IETF Patent Disclosures and Licensing Declarations
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipr-template-03.txt

	bob wyman

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        "'Peter Kay'" <peter@titankey.com>, <Asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Take MailBlocks, for example - they 
> are claiming patents on all C/R systems.
	They may be claiming patents on all C/R systems, but they can't
claim all C/R related patents... MailBlocks may have basic patents that
might claim some essential element of all C/R systems, but there are
still many non-essential elements that their patents don't cover. 
	For instance, one of at least four spam-related US Patent
Applications that were filed just yesterday covers a number of
elaborations on the C/R idea. The application I'm referring to is:
20030110400 "Method and system for blocking unwanted communications".
This application goes beyond the base MailBlocks patents to claim:
	1. The process of raising money by "spamming" people who use the
C/R system. What they are claiming is the method of sending periodic
advertisements to users of the system. Also, they claim the method of
stopping such unsolicited advertisements under various conditions --
including payment by the user of a fee to turn off ads.
	2. They claim a method of reducing the number of challenges
which are issued. For instance, if you send messages to a number of
users of C/R system and respond correctly to them, then the system will
"trust" you in the future when you send mail to new people on the same
system.
	3.  They claim a variety of methods and criteria for revoking a
previously granted authorization based on observed behavior. For
instance, even if you properly responded to challenges in the past, if
you suddenly send a high volume of messages, your "authorization" will
be revoked. Similarly, if several of the people who you authenticated
with in the past put you on block lists, the system will no longer
"trust" you and will issue new challenges.
	etc....
	Patents like this are trying to claim a large number of
non-essential elements which are likely to be implemented by those who
implement the methods of the base patent. The holders of the base patent
may find themselves backed into a corner... They may have a base patent,
however, they can't implement a viable, "feature-rich" product without
infringing on someone else's patent -- even though the other patents
depend on theirs.

	For the application discussed above see:
http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u
=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=0&f=S&l=50&TERM1=20030110400&FIE
LD1=PGNR&co1=AND&TERM2=&FIELD2=&d=PG01

		bob wyman



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Thread-Topic: ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list)
Thread-Index: AcMxYBG5QH1RgdQ0TPiFs/d8Za/AGAAakYcg
From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
To: "Paul Judge" <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com>,
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Subject: [Asrg] RE: ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list)
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This is good. Are you going to post it somewhere permanent?

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Paul Judge [mailto:paul.judge@ciphertrust.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, June 12, 2003 5:46 PM
> To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; Peter Kay; 'Asrg@ietf.org'
> Subject: ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list)
> 
> 
> 
> We have decided to adopt the following IPR policy for the 
> ASRG. It is based on the IETF's IPR policy as outlined in RFC 2026.
> 
> 
> "By submission of a contribution, each person actually submitting the
>    contribution is deemed to agree to the following terms and 
> conditions
>    on his own behalf, on behalf of the organization (if any) he
>    represents and on behalf of the owners of any propriety 
> rights in the
>    contribution..  Where a submission identifies contributors in
>    addition to the contributor(s) who provide the actual 
> submission, the
>    actual submitter(s) represent that each other named contributor was
>    made aware of and agreed to accept the same terms and conditions on
>    his own behalf, on behalf of any organization he may represent and
>    any known owner of any proprietary rights in the contribution.
> 
> The contributor represents that he has disclosed the existence of
>       any proprietary or intellectual property rights in the
>       contribution that are reasonably and personally known to the
>       contributor.  The contributor does not represent that he
>       personally knows of all potentially pertinent proprietary and
>       intellectual property rights owned or claimed by the 
> organization
>       he represents (if any) or third parties."
> 
> This means that the person submitting a proposal is 
> responsible for stating any relevant IPR that he knows about 
> even if he is not the holder of the rights. This does allow 
> for other members to notify a contributor about relevant IPR 
> after the initial submission. The contributor should then 
> disclose this information in revisions of the contribution.
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, June 12, 2003 2:42 PM
> > To: Peter Kay; Asrg@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
> > 
> > 
> > At 06:32 AM 6/12/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
> > 
> > >IMHO: as an a holder of a anti-spam patent pending, I think
> > its best to
> > >let IPR holders approach us. Otherwise you put yourself in the
> > >unenviable position of "authority" on patents. If you just 
> > say "these
> > >are the IPR claims that have been submitted to us" that
> > makes it clean
> > >and simple, not to mention easy to maintain.
> > 
> > In some cases this would not be true. Take MailBlocks, for
> > example - they 
> > are claiming patents on all C/R systems. They have not 
> > approached, and 
> > since their IP is of very general nature, thus we must 
> > approach them to 
> > solicit a submission of IPR claims which is what I have done. 
> > Otherwise, we 
> > might be working on a standard only to find out that it is 
> > patented. As for 
> > the patents that are covering every nook and cranny of 
> > anti-spam, I am 
> > agreeing with you. It would be an impossible task to catalog 
> > all patents in 
> > the world.
> > 
> > Therefore, I am suggesting that we should have the following
> > policy: 1. Solicit input from IP holders on very broad 
> > business methods patents 
> > such as the MailBlocks patents.
> > 2. Request that all members of the group that have IP, submit 
> > information 
> > about it.
> > 3. Accept submissions from IPR claimants that are not part of 
> > the group as 
> > they send them.
> > 
> > P.S. BTW, Peter, it would probably be prudent that you let us
> > know some 
> > details on your IP. Feel free to use the template 
> > (http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html).
> > 
> > Yakov
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > Asrg mailing list
> > Asrg@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > 
> 
> 
> 


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Thread-Topic: appropriate to meet/present at ISPCON Fall?
Thread-Index: AcMx216VB8K8LqPcTfeYfIzDty82bQ==
From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
To: <Asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: [Asrg] appropriate to meet/present at ISPCON Fall?
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 08:38:30 -1000

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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I believe this is Paul's call.  Would it be a good idea to have a
meeting at ISPCON Fall in Santa Clara?    (www.ispcon.com) =20
=20
We're going to have a booth there and if Paul & group think its OK, I'd
like to submit to the conference organizer that we get some conference
time to get feedback from the ISPs that are fighting spam on the front
line.  I believe it would be a good win-win for all.  We'll benefit from
good F2F communication between ourselves and the feedback from ISPs will
be rich.
=20
=20
=20
=20
Peter Kay, President
TitanKey Software
Web: www.titankey.com <http://www.titankey.com/>=20
The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
=20

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Message</TITLE>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1170" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D156373518-13062003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I =
believe this is=20
Paul's call.&nbsp; Would it be a good idea to have a meeting at ISPCON =
Fall in=20
Santa Clara?&nbsp; &nbsp; (<A=20
href=3D"http://www.ispcon.com">www.ispcon.com</A>)&nbsp; =
</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D156373518-13062003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D156373518-13062003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>We're =
going to have=20
a booth there and if Paul &amp; group think its OK, I'd like to submit =
to the=20
conference organizer that we get some conference time to get feedback =
from the=20
ISPs that are fighting spam on the front line.&nbsp;&nbsp;I believe it =
would be=20
a good win-win for all.&nbsp; We'll benefit from good F2F communication =
between=20
ourselves and the feedback from ISPs will be rich.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D156373518-13062003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D156373518-13062003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D156373518-13062003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV align=3Dleft>
<DIV align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT =
face=3DArial><FONT=20
size=3D2>Peter Kay<SPAN class=3D156373518-13062003>,=20
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>President</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>TitanKey=20
Software</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Web: =
<A=20
href=3D"http://www.titankey.com/">www.titankey.com</A></FONT></SPAN></DIV=
>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D317512918-09052003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>The =
only technology=20
that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent</FONT></SPAN></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>
=00
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From: "Shannon Jacobs" <shanen@acm.org>
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Subject: [Asrg] Join ASRG and display  your email address for the spammers!!
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Date: Sat, 14 Jun 2003 07:24:15 +0900
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Hey, not trying to sound bent out of shape and all that, and it's too bloody
late now, but I just wanted to note that if I had realized that my email
address was going to be reposted on a publicly accessible Web site and in a
non-protected form, then I never would have dared to peek at this mailing
list.

Already mentioned that it's too late, but I'd still like to have my email
address expunged. I had been wondering why the new spam was coming through
this routing, and I don't want to waste more time dealing with it. And I am
not amused to discover that ASRG was probably the source of the leak.

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To: Paul Judge <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com>
From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list)
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 15:59:45 -0400

At 11:45 PM -0400 6/12/03, Paul Judge wrote:
>We have decided to adopt the following IPR policy for the ASRG. It is based
>on the IETF's IPR policy as outlined in RFC 2026.
>
>
>"By submission of a contribution, each person actually submitting the
>    contribution is deemed to agree to the following terms and conditions
>    on his own behalf, on behalf of the organization (if any) he
>    represents and on behalf of the owners of any propriety rights in the
>    contribution..  Where a submission identifies contributors in
>    addition to the contributor(s) who provide the actual submission, the
>    actual submitter(s) represent that each other named contributor was
>    made aware of and agreed to accept the same terms and conditions on
>    his own behalf, on behalf of any organization he may represent and
>    any known owner of any proprietary rights in the contribution.

Could you possibly do another pass on the wording?  Maybe I'm fuzzy 
today, but I couldn't make head or tail of that, even after reading 
your summary explanation.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.
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To: ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
Message-ID: <20030613221703.GB5964@m433>
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 18:17:03 -0400

On Fri, Jun 13, 2003 at 11:49:59AM -0400, Bob Wyman wrote

> 	They may be claiming patents on all C/R systems, but they
> can't claim all C/R related patents... MailBlocks may have basic
> patents that might claim some essential element of all C/R systems,
> but there are still many non-essential elements that their patents
> don't cover.

  Just how broad are these C/R ("Challenge/Response") patents anyways?
As a university student approximately 30 years ago, I spent a couple of
summers in the Canadian Armed Forces Militia (i.e. reserves), as a
summer job.  One item we learned was... wait for it...
challenge/response to let the "good guys" in and keep the "bad guys"
out.  I'm sure that any military college will have manuals detailing
how it's done.  This is an ancient military practice, and I don't see
why computer software doing it versus a soldier on patrol doing it is
sufficiently different to rule it out as "prior art".

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list
	)
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Kee Hinckley [mailto:nazgul@somewhere.com] 
> Sent: Friday, June 13, 2003 4:00 PM
> To: Paul Judge
> Cc: Asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: 
> Partial list)
> 
> Could you possibly do another pass on the wording?  Maybe I'm fuzzy 
> today, but I couldn't make head or tail of that, even after reading 
> your summary explanation.

Is there a particular sentence that is unclear to you? The text is directly
from RFC 2026.
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To use an analogy, this approach still strikes me as trying to cut
traffic down 25% on a four lane highway by blocking one lane with
orange cones.

The traffic will just flow around it.

And "studies" showing that 25% of the traffic does in fact use the
lane to be blocked aren't really persuasive, which is how these
studies claiming that spammers frequently forge big domains into their
heads strike me.

It's not like spammers can't change their behavior, they often do, and
this one isn't even hard to change.

I think it's all somewhat similar to what John Gilmore is usually
credited with saying; that censorship on the internet is viewed as
damage and routed around. This isn't censorship (anyone who jumps on
that gets my idiot award), but it's very similarly flawed, it's too
easy to just route around this to get excited about it.

On the other hand these schemes are possibly useful outside of the
spam context as a weak form of authentication (hence, I think, outside
of the scope of this research group.)

For example, did this letter from my bank actually come from my bank?

If it's just a notice that there's a special on car loans this month
it's comforting to know it's probably really from my bank and clicking
the link probably won't take me to a throbbing H0T L0LlTAZ!!! site.

However, if it demands I respond with my account and PIN numbers I
think it would be better to be suspicious even if it did appear to
have come from my bank by this method of verification. So, a weak
authentication scheme.

But I think its potential effect on spam is minimal.


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 21:39:12 -0400



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Kee Hinckley [mailto:nazgul@somewhere.com] 
> Sent: Friday, June 13, 2003 4:00 PM
> To: Paul Judge
> Cc: Asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: 
> Partial list)
> 
> Could you possibly do another pass on the wording?  Maybe I'm fuzzy 
> today, but I couldn't make head or tail of that, even after reading 
> your summary explanation.

Is there a particular sentence that is unclear to you? The text is directly
from RFC 2026.
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References: <MBEKIIAKLDHKMLNFJODBOEBEFIAA.eric@purespeed.com> <01C32D56.08AC8FF0.eric@infobro.com> <MBEKIIAKLDHKMLNFJODBOEBEFIAA.eric@purespeed.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030612142712.00b53008@std5.imagineis.com>
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 17:58:42 -0400

On Thu, Jun 12, 2003 at 02:32:47PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote
> At 10:50 PM 6/10/2003 -0400, waltdnes@waltdnes.org wrote:

> >  2) Yes, I realize that the ISP's MTA will have to keep state
> >information regarding the luser's preferences.  However, it comes down
> >to either a) ISP's server doing it (maybe luser enters pre-emptive
> >             whitelist/blocklist via web interface), or
> >          b) luser administering it on his own MUA (Aunt Ethel or your
> >             parents, yeah sure)
> 
> Privacy issues are a big concern here. Keep in mind that in the
> USA, this information can be subpoened by many parties ranging from
> the RIAA seeking copyright pirates to the FBI via the FBIS. Some
> approaches here such as using checksums, one way functions,
> cryptography, etc. are needed.

  Given those powers, I'd subpeona the ISP's logs instead, or at least a
subset generated by grepping for the suspect's email address as the
destination.  Spam Rule #3, or some corollary thereof, applies to
"military intelligence".  They're stupid and incompetent, and think that
the bad guys are too.  Assuming that...
  a) I was a bad guy, and
  b) I'd do something as silly as sending instructions via email
  I could...
  - subscribe to this list
  - whitelist envelope-sender "asrg-admin@ietf.org"
  - tell my co-conspirator to forge "asrg-admin@ietf.org" as the
    envelope-sender when emailing me

  My whitelist would look very innocent, and "military intelligence"
would still have to take a good look at the ISP's logs to figure our
what was going on.  Even simpler, we'd set up as spammers, and *NOT* use
tight whitelists.  Specially coded porno spams that open a dozen browser
windows would also open one which had a porno gif with steganographic
embedded encoding of instructions.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did
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From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
To: <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>, "ASRG list" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Date: Fri, 13 Jun 2003 17:02:54 -1000
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Walt,

I think those type of comments and questions about what is patentable or
not are unproductive to this list, mainly because patents are a complex
area of expertise. Unless you're a seasoned patent attorney, patent
examiner, or one that has submitted several patents and gone through the
examination process many times, all one can offer is something less than
a "armchair quarterback" opinion that will typically lead to even more
guessing and we'll end up getting excited over nothing.

Asking technical people for their opinions on the patent process is like
asking laypeople to comment on complex software architecture: you'll get
comments that are completely out of scope and wildly incorrect.  

If there are any patent attorneys on this list, let them step forward.
The rest of us should focus on doing what this group is chartered to do.
See http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html

Peter

> -----Original Message-----
> From: waltdnes@waltdnes.org [mailto:waltdnes@waltdnes.org] 
> Sent: Friday, June 13, 2003 12:17 PM
> To: ASRG list
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
> 
> 
>   Just how broad are these C/R ("Challenge/Response") patents 
> anyways? As a university student approximately 30 years ago, 
> I spent a couple of summers in the Canadian Armed Forces 
> Militia (i.e. reserves), as a summer job.  One item we 
> learned was... wait for it... challenge/response to let the 
> "good guys" in and keep the "bad guys" out.  I'm sure that 
> any military college will have manuals detailing how it's 
> done.  This is an ancient military practice, and I don't see 
> why computer software doing it versus a soldier on patrol 
> doing it is sufficiently different to rule it out as "prior art".
> 
> -- 
> Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
> Email users are divided into two classes;
> 1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
> 2) Those who wish they did 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
> 
> 


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From: Selby Hatch <selby_hatch@azza.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] 6.I Spam elimination by mailbox lock and key
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This is a proposal to enhance email with the objective of eliminating 
spam. I was unaware of the ASRG until 6/11/03. I have tried to educate 
myself as to what has been presented so far in this discussion group, 
but there is so much and I can only read so fast. So with my apologies 
if these ideas have already been presented, I will simply post them and 
let things fall where they will.
											
I am fed up with spam and I spent some time thinking of a solution. On 
May 23, 2003, I began to organized these ideas and write them up. I know 
there are many others also trying to solve this wretched issue and I am 
not so presumptuous as to assume that this is the only solution or the 
best solution, just a solution. If there are any good ideas contained 
herein, please make use of them.
										
This was to be a proposal to eliminate spam in 6 months or less. Perhaps 
6 months is too ambitious. I thought that it was possible until I 
started reading the postings at the ASRG yesterday. I was naive.

This is a general description of how the email extensions would be used 
from a users perspective. These extensions would be relatively straight 
forward to implement and could be used across all platforms and by all 
ISPs. A non-proprietary solution is important for competition.
			
This solution requires no legislation or government intervention. 
Existing anti-spam legislation could become irrelevant except where it 
deals with fraud.
		
This solution does not address or care what spam is. It is up to the 
individual email recipient to decide what is and isn't spam. One man's 
drug is another man's poison. The incoming email server is only an agent 
of the recipient. No group or individual is censoring or filtering spam 
for another.

These email extensions create an email system that is totally opt-in. 
When this solution is implemented, people can close and lock their 
mailboxes to email from everyone except those from whom they want to 
receive email. It will be like the lock on your front door. It will be 
like call blocking on your telephone. No more solicitors. Email can 
continue to be sent and received without using the proposed email 
extensions. If one wishes, they may continue to use email as they do 
now. But if they do so, they will not eliminate spam. It is my belief 
that people want spam free mailboxes and that they will use the extensions.

CHANGES   General Description:

The email client extensions will work like this:
1. You can lock your mailbox with your email client.
2. Only senders that have a key to your mailbox can send an email into 
your mailbox.
3. You will create one or more keys for your mailbox and enter them into 
the email address book entries for the persons you are giving the keys 
to. A key can be any word, phrase or set of characters that you choose. 
You only have to create keys one time. You can change them any time you 
like.
4. You will give (send) the keys to those people, who you want to send 
email to you. You may give some people the same key and give others 
different keys. Senders are not only people, but lists and other entities.
5. You will be given (receive) keys from those people, who want to 
receive email from you. When you receive these keys, you will enter them 
into the email address book entries for the persons who are giving you 
the keys.
6. To send email to someone who has given (sent) you a key to their 
mailbox, you will include that key along with their email address in the 
composition dialog when you send the email. This key should be in your 
address book so that it can automatically be supplied by the email 
client when you enter the email address of the recipient either by 
typing it or by retrieving it from your address book.
7. When an email addressed to you is received by your email server, the 
server will compare the key that was sent in the message, with the 
key(s) for your mailbox. If there is a match, the email is placed into 
your mailbox. If not, the email will be bounced back to the sender.
8. If a key becomes exposed and compromised, you can change the key. The 
email client will send the new key to everyone who you specify or who 
was using the compromised key. If someone is giving out your key, you 
can find out who that is by giving everyone a different key.
9. If you don't want to receive any more email from a sender, delete the 
key that they are using. If it is shared by other senders, give them a 
new key.
10. If you want to send email to someone and you don't have a key for 
their mailbox, you can request a key.

Selby Hatch
selby_hatch@azza.com
						
Fingerprint
BD0A 9B79 1661 03DF D035  4578 07FF E619 E4C7 A610
		


Detailed information:

The following describes what is required to extend the email system and 
what is required to send and receive email with the proposed changes.

1. The IETF will create a standard that everyone can, and must adhere to 
so that all email servers and clients can communicate with each other 
regardless of who the supplier is.

2. Suppliers of email clients will have to extend their email clients. 
This could take 2 weeks to two months depending on how well their 
software is constructed and how good their programmers are. Open source 
suppliers can probably do it in a month. Other suppliers will take longer.

3. Suppliers of email servers will have to extend their email servers. 
This could also take 2 weeks to two months depending on . . .. Open 
source suppliers can probably do it in a month. Others will suppliers 
will take longer. Server changes can coincide with client changes.

4. When the new extended email client is made available, you will 
download it and install it on your PC.

5. You will create 1 or more keys to your mail box. They can be a word 
or a phrase such as "sunset", "Wall Street", "pickles and quilts 
forever", "03/15/-0044", "Zzyzx", or "I love you". The keys don't have 
to be particularly secret, only secure enough to make it difficult for 
spammers to guess or get them. There will be no defaults supplied by the 
email client. These keys will be entered into the address book of your 
email client for the persons you have given them to. This is so that the 
email client can send the keys to your email server and so that you will 
know who has which keys in case  you need to replace a key. Every 
address book entry can have two keys: (1) the key to your mailbox that 
you have sent to the addressee, and (2) the key to the mailbox of the 
addressee that they have sent to you.

6. Send a key to someone you want to receive email from. When you send a 
key, enter it into your email address book for the person you are 
sending it to. You will receive keys from those who want to receive 
email from you. When you receive a key, enter it into your email address 
book for the person who sent it to you. If your email client is user 
friendly, it will enter the key into your address book for you after 
asking for and receiving your permission. The email client may do this 
without permission if you have set that option. Each key is associated 
with an address book entry so that if you decide to change a key for 
that sender, your email client can send the new key to that person.

7. When your keys have been sent and your ISP notifies you that they 
have implemented the server changes that support locking your mailbox, 
you can have your email client lock your mailbox . . . . no more spam. 
Your email client will be able to query the server for a list of current 
keys. Your email client will be able to instruct the server to 
re-synchronize it's key list with the key list in your email client.

8. To send an email, you will do as you do now. If you have the 
recipient's mailbox key entered into your address book, your email 
client will supply the key when you enter the address. Your email client 
will embed the key in a message header when the message is sent. If not, 
you will enter the key into a field following the email address when you 
compose a message.

9. To receive email, you will make sure that those who send you email 
have a key to your mailbox. This includes bulk emailers like eBay, 
Yahoo, or Fox News as well as list servers, discussion groups, news 
groups, and message boards. You may want to use different keys for these 
types of senders. Keys to mailboxes are only one way. Senders who have a 
key can put mail in, but only you can read it or take it out.

10. If you want to send an email to someone for whose mail box you don't 
have a key, you will request a key by clicking on the "request key" 
entry on a drop down list in your email client. You will enter the email 
address and your email client will send a key request type of email to 
the email address you provided. You will also send a key to your 
mailbox. If one wants someone else's key, they must be willing to give 
one of their own keys. When the request is received, the recipient may 
send you a key. They may also reject your request or ignore it. If they 
do send a key, they can enter your email address and key into their 
address book, so that a new key can automatically be sent to you if they 
ever change the key. Any request for a key that has a subject, a message 
body, or other unnecessary header that could contain a solicitation, 
will be bounced by the receiving email server and will not placed into 
the mailbox.

11. It would be nice to allow the subject header in a request key email 
to be used for identification. But if this is allowed, it will be abused 
by spammers. It could contain a solicitation message or a web address, a 
phone number or some other such lure. The only information that will be 
available in a request key email is the requestor's email address and 
mailbox key. The recipient's mailbox key will only be sent to the 
requestor's email address. The only way to receive a mailbox key is for 
the requestor to provide a valid email address and mailbox key. Even the 
name portion of the sender's email address could prove to be a problem. 
It doesn't have to be a valid name and it could contain a lure or a 
solicitation message. Since it is not necessary for message 
transmission, perhaps it should be stripped off in the request for key 
process. The complete email address including the name could be obtained 
after the initial negotiation.

12. If you send an email to someone and you want a reply, you can 
include a key to your mailbox. When the recipient replies to your email, 
their email client will use the key that you sent, to reply to your message.

13. If a sender includes a key to their mailbox, your email client will 
insert the key into an address book entry if you direct it to.

14. Some sites require you to provide an email address if you register. 
If you do not want further correspondence beyond 1 day or 1 week, you 
can create a unique short lived key just for this purpose and use it in 
the registration. When you no longer wish any correspondence from this 
site, delete this mailbox key. The email client can make this easy to 
do. You may create an expiring key and specify how long to keep the key. 
When the expiration interval or expiration date is reached, the email 
client and the incoming email server will delete the key at the server.

15. If a sender requests a key to your mailbox and you can't identify 
the sender, you may want to create a short lived or expiring key. You 
can then send the key to the requestor and open a dialog. If you want to 
continue correspondence after the initial negotiation, then retain the 
key. Otherwise, delete it or let it expire.

16. Spam is dead. In the final analysis, if a sender has a key to your 
mailbox, they can send you an email. If they don't, the most they can do 
is request a key. You choose whether or not to give them a key and you 
choose to delete it if, and when, you want to end a correspondence.

	

Technical Description
			

Email Extensions for client and servers

The email extensions for "received message control" are implemented 
using 4 new headers. The new headers are only effective if the email 
server supports the extension and the mailbox is user-locked. 
Non-extended email servers will ignore them. This provides backward 
compatibility. Encryption should not be employed in any extension. It 
will not be effective as a security measure and it will only create a 
false sense of security. The headers are described as follows:

The To-Mailbox-Key header contains the key to the recipient's mailbox. 
When the message arrives, the To-Mailbox-key is compared to the list of 
keys kept by the incoming server for the addressed mailbox. The result 
of the comparison determines whether the message is stored into the 
mailbox or whether it is bounced.

The From-Mailbox-Key header contains a current key to the sender's 
mailbox. It would be sent in response to a key request or if the sender 
wanted to include it for a reply.

The New-Mailbox-Key header contains a new key to the sender's mailbox. 
It would be sent when the sender wants to give someone a new key to 
their mailbox. The From-Mailbox-Key could be used for verification by 
having the recipient email client match it to the sender's current key 
in the address book. An exception could be accepted or overridden by the 
user.

The Request-Mailbox-Key header requests a key to the recipients mailbox. 
It would be accompanied by a From-Mailbox-Key header that provides the 
recipient with the requestor's key. Then when the New-Mailbox-Key header 
is returned, it will be accepted by the requestor's mail server. All 
messages with a Request-Mailbox-Key are stored into the recipient's 
mailbox. It is the only type that does not require a To-Mailbox-Key 
header. No message body may be present; the subject header must not be 
present or must be blank; the name portion of the to and from email 
addresses must not be present; no other headers that may contain 
embedded messages may be present. If so, the request is bounced.

The email client and sending server need to take the case of multiple 
recipients into consideration. The email client will send email 
address/mailbox key pairs for each recipient. The outgoing email server 
must ensure that all To-Mailbox- Key headers, except the one for the 
current outgoing email, are stripped from the message and that only one 
To-Mailbox-Key header exists in the outgoing message. Forwarded messages 
should also be stripped of all mailbox keys by the email client, except 
for the mailbox key of the recipient.

The headers must be handled by the email client and the incoming server 
in such a way that the use of keys is easy for the user. No header 
should be removed from an email, by an incoming email server, before the 
recipient receives it.

The keys in the headers should be enclosed within a delimiter that is 
not part of the key so that spaces or other special characters are 
allowed within a key. The email client would edit keys for validity when 
they were created. The key length should be limited to some useable 
length. Perhaps 32, 50, 64 or 120 characters.

The key list on the server for a particular mailbox should be a variable 
length list or file. It should be ordered such that a quick search could 
be applied to the key list during the comparison process. If the keys 
are stored as ordered fixed length records, a binary search could be 
applied. One may want to implement the list as a tree. The 
implementation is up the server supplier. The number of entries in the 
list should not be limited from a functional standpoint. From a service 
standpoint, an ISP may want to allow for a specified number of free keys 
at no charge and then charge for keys above that number. But with spam 
gone and no more filtering, they should be able to afford the extra 
space for key storage.
					
A protocol needs to be defined so that an email client and the incoming 
email server, where the inbox resides, can communicate the mailbox state 
and the mailbox key list.
	

Sender Authentication
								
Sender authentication should be applied. A header called Sender-Auth or 
Sender-Verification will be inserted into the message by the sending 
server. It would consist of a delimited string containing the IP 
address, server identification, and a timestamp. The string would be 
preceded by the result of a function that was applied to that string as 
it was sent by the originating server. A delimiter would separate the 
function result from the string. The function would be implemented by 
the server administrator and would be unique for that server or set of 
servers.

A protocol would be created such that a receiving server could request 
that the originating server verify that the Sender-Auth header is 
consistent. The originating server would be required to apply it's 
function to the string as sent by the requesting server and then return 
the result. The receiving server would compare the returned function 
result with the result in the Sender-Auth header and if they match, the 
sending server is authentic.

Another authentication method would be for the originating server to 
send a short public encryption key in the result field. When the 
receiving server received the message, it would encrypt a short message 
and request the sending server to authenticate by decrypting the message 
with it's private key and sending the message back. If the returned 
message matched the encrypted message, the sending server is authentic.

An example of a function would be an 8 digit check sum of the string 
that is then exclusive ored with an 8 digit number that is unique at 
that time, for that server or set of servers. This would generate an 8 
digit result. Part of the function should be time based such that the 
function would actually change in some externally unpredictable manner 
over a determined interval of an day, hour or minute. The 8 digit number 
that is the target of the exclusive or, could be the changing value. It 
could be retrieved from a list of numbers in a file or it could be 
generated based on a timestamp. The string contains the timestamp of 
when the function was originally applied to the string. This is an 
example of one type of function. The actual set of usable functions is 
extremely large. The 8 digit result length is only an example. Result 
lengths would be determined by the sending server and could be from 1 to 
some arbitrary length, perhaps 20, 25, 32 or some other common standard 
currently in use.

The user should be able to turn this authentication on or off for their 
mailbox. If authentication-required is set by the user, and the 
authentication process fails, the message would be bounced. An ISP may 
elect to turn this on for all emails.

One may argue that this would add to internet traffic. Perhaps a little, 
but the messages would be quite short and the fact that they were 
present and in use would in the long run cut down on internet traffic 
that is illegitimate. Illegitimate internet traffic is traffic that is 
meant to deceive a recipient. It would certainly reduce illegitimate 
internet traffic at a server that had authentication-required set for 
incoming messages. The message could be bounced at any time after a 
Sender-Auth header was determined not to be authentic. Another 
consideration is that many incoming email servers are currently querying 
other servers on the internet for each email to determine if it is spam. 
This traffic would no longer be necessary since filters would no longer 
be required.



Questions and Answers

Will spammers continue to use invalid server and email addresses?

No. Noone can send a message to another email address and expect it be 
received into the mailbox without including a valid mailbox key. No one 
can request a valid key without sending a valid email address and a key 
to their mailbox. No messages will be accepted by a receiving email 
server unless the originating server can be authenticated.


How does this differ from white lists?

White lists are an attempt by an email client or receiving server to 
match incoming email to a list of acceptable senders through the use of 
a filter. This allows forged headers to make the message look like an 
acceptable email on a white list. Mailbox keys put the burden of being 
an accepted email on the sender. From the recipients point of view, it 
is passive in the same sense as an email address.

Since everyone gets email from different sources, white lists are 
maintained in the email client as filters. Most users don't know how to 
use filters in their email clients, so white lists are used by very few 
people.

With mailbox keys, the headers for the keys could still be "forged", but 
the chances of generating a correct key are very, very small. If this 
happens, the user can simply change the key.

Mailbox keys move the process of validating an email from the email 
client out to the incoming server where the message is received. 
Unacceptable messages are immediately bounced.


Will filtering still be necessary?

No filtering will not be necessary because a message from a sender is 
only accepted if it matches a recipient's mailbox key. Filtering creates 
some false positives   email that is not spam, but that the filter 
detects as spam. Filtering also allows some spam through because spam 
can be made to look to a filter, like it is not spam.
					

How easy will it be to use?

As easy or as hard as the email client supplier makes it. Most processes 
should be automated, but a user should be able to alter the behavior of 
the client to some extent, to suit his needs. Examples are:
(1) Manually or  automatically creating address book entries for 
incoming email and storing the senders key. (2) User selectable 
detection of new email senders and the creation of new entries for them 
in the address book. (5) Provide assistance in responding to a request 
key email. (4) Manually or automatically sending an email to everyone in 
the address book for whom the user wants to give a new key to the mailbox.
				

Comments and Questions from: - - - - -
The forum charged with discussing spam in the vicinity of the IETF is 
the Antispam Research Group - asrg@ietf.org - it's an open mailing list.

Query:
Since your proposal requires changing all email clients in the world and 
managing a key ring for all your friends, how is it easier to implement 
than globally starting to use PGP?

I suppose that it is somewhat of a key ring, but there is no encryption 
taking place. The key is only verified by the incoming mail server. The 
key is really analogous to a key to a lock rather than a key to a cipher.
		

How do you handle mailing lists?

Mailing lists are handled the same as any outbound email. The key to the 
recipient's mailbox must be sent with the message in a header. When one 
signs up for a list, he would supply a key or he would send an email to 
the list server to update the key to his mailbox. The list server has to 
be able to automatically update keys for an email address when the list 
member wants to send a new key. How the keys are sent back and forth to 
be updated is in the technical information.


Does the sender have to have the key for the list, and the list the keys 
for all the recipients? That means that all the list management software 
in the world is also on the critical update path.

I understand the issue. Yes, if the incoming mailbox for the list is 
locked, the sender has to have a key to the list. Only the list server 
has the keys of all of the members. When it receives a message, it will 
have to insert the key for each member as it sends the message to each 
individual member. Yes, unfortunately, list servers are on the critical 
update path.




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On Fri, Jun 13, 2003 at 05:54:55PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
| 
| It's not like spammers can't change their behavior, they often do, and
| this one isn't even hard to change.

I agree; we must play good chess.  If SPF/DMP/RMX/... goes in, what do
you think the spammers will do next?

In other news, is anyone else getting list messages delivered late?
I'm seeing delays of up to a few hours.

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Selby Hatch'" <selby_hatch@azza.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 6.I Spam elimination by mailbox lock and key
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Selby Hatch wrote:
> 2. Only senders that have a key to your mailbox can send 
> an email into your mailbox.
> 3. You will create one or more keys for your mailbox and 
> enter them into the email address book entries for the 
> persons you are giving the keys to.

	The system you have described is very similar to ones that have
been described and implemented in the past. Personally, I agree with you
that this particular method of fighting spam is likely to form part of a
very effective anti-spam system. The most interesting feature of such a
system is that it has immediate benefit to someone who adopts it and it
can be adopted by individuals rather than requiring support from ISPs,
network maintainers, etc.
	For some background on other similar proposals, check out:

A number of patents are relevant to this type of system:
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=5930479
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6356935
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6085321

The "Tagged Message Delivery Agent" which incorporates a similar system
of "tagged addresses" as one of its features:
http://www.tmda.net/
TMDA was inspired by Thomas Erskine's 1997 implementation of TMS
http://www.deepeddy.com/tms.html

A Forbes magazine article that suggests the use of passwords in subject
lines.
http://www.forbes.com/free_forbes/2003/0623/136.html

See the "Virtual Private Email Addresses" implemented by TitanKey
http://www.titankey.com/

Hadmut Danisch's proposal for "Mail Cookies"
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00054.
html
A variety of notes in the ASRG archives that I wrote starting with the
one below in March...
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00041.
html

Note: It should be realized of course, that there is a long history of
passing passwords in the headers or body of email messages in order to
authenticate access to various resources -- folk were doing this long
before any of the systems above were patented or otherwise described.

		bob wyman

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At 01:58 AM 6/14/2003 -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:

>In other news, is anyone else getting list messages delivered late?
>I'm seeing delays of up to a few hours.

I have been having delays also for a while. Perhaps contacting the IETF 
might help. 

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Date: Sat, 14 Jun 2003 20:59:08 -0400

At 9:39 PM -0400 6/13/03, Paul Judge wrote:
>Is there a particular sentence that is unclear to you? The text is directly
>from RFC 2026.

>>"By submission of a contribution, each person actually submitting the
>>    contribution is deemed to agree to the following terms and conditions
>>    on his own behalf, on behalf of the organization (if any) he
>>    represents and on behalf of the owners of any propriety rights in the
>>    contribution..  Where a submission identifies contributors in
>>    addition to the contributor(s) who provide the actual submission, the
>>    actual submitter(s) represent that each other named contributor was
>>    made aware of and agreed to accept the same terms and conditions on
>>    his own behalf, on behalf of any organization he may represent and
>>    any known owner of any proprietary rights in the contribution.

Well, part of the problem is that there are only two sentences, but 
there are about half a dozen sub clauses.

I think I understand the first sentence, but it raises more issues 
than it helps.  What does "represents" mean?  Does that mean I need 
to stick a clause in every suggestion I make, stating that this is 
not an official statement from my organization?  But anyway, the 
first sentence simply seems to say that by the acting of contributing 
a (something, not clear what) I'm agreeing to the following terms, 
and I'm agreeing to them for everyone who I might possibly represent. 
The more I think about that, the more I find it unacceptable. 
Agreement should be explicit, not implicit.  (Sounds like we're 
defining spam here :-).

The second sentence is the one that lost me.  After reading it 
several times I think it means.

	The submitter promises that everyone with ownership of the
	contribution has been aware of, and agrees to, these terms.

Now that I understand that, I don't find it acceptable either.

You need to define "contribution".  Are we talking a formal 
contribution made to the ASRG as in "here is my document, documenting 
what I think we ought to do"?  Or are we talking about the bunch of 
us bouncing around ideas and making suggestions.  Because if it's the 
latter, then I think there are a number of people on this list who 
are going to have to pull out.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.
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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'Art Pollard'" <pollarda@lextek.com>, Rob Cameron <cameron@cs.sfu.ca>,
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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On Monday, June 09, 2003 6:21 PM, Art Pollard [SMTP:pollarda@lextek.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> ... The CR system would filter based in the digital signature rather
> than the FROM address.

A signature that signs what? or do you mean a 'hash' produced using a 'senders' 
private key?

> Thus it would be quite possible for people to have
> multiple clients with the same digital signature (one for each e-mail
> address say) and they would only have to undergo the CR once -- even if
> they switched ISPs.

Same private key?

8<...>8
> ...When whitelisting occurred, it would whitelist a
> particular person's signature rather than their e-mail address.

Caching of the public key?

-e
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
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Date: Sat, 14 Jun 2003 23:04:03 -0400

At 06:17 PM 6/13/2003 -0400, waltdnes@waltdnes.org wrote:

>On Fri, Jun 13, 2003 at 11:49:59AM -0400, Bob Wyman wrote
>
> >       They may be claiming patents on all C/R systems, but they
> > can't claim all C/R related patents... MailBlocks may have basic
> > patents that might claim some essential element of all C/R systems,
> > but there are still many non-essential elements that their patents
> > don't cover.
>
>   Just how broad are these C/R ("Challenge/Response") patents anyways?
>As a university student approximately 30 years ago, I spent a couple of
>summers in the Canadian Armed Forces Militia (i.e. reserves), as a
>summer job.  One item we learned was... wait for it...
>challenge/response to let the "good guys" in and keep the "bad guys"
>out.  I'm sure that any military college will have manuals detailing
>how it's done.  This is an ancient military practice, and I don't see
>why computer software doing it versus a soldier on patrol doing it is
>sufficiently different to rule it out as "prior art".

Judge for yourself at the USPTO (http://www.uspto.gov) or take a look at 
these links (http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/cobb_patent.pdf and 
http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/heiner_patent.pdf). 

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On Monday, June 09, 2003 2:39 PM, Yakov Shafranovich 
[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
8<...>8
> HOWEVER, the same section states:
>
> "Whenever an SMTP transaction is used to send a DSN, the MAIL FROM command
> MUST use a NULL return address, i.e., "MAIL FROM:<>"."

A proper intepretation of that statement requires its full context.  The intent 
is to prevent message looping.  As such the CRI or other systems SHOULD ensure 
that specfied addresses do not violate that tenet.


   The envelope sender address of the DSN SHOULD be chosen to ensure
   that no delivery status reports will be issued in response to the DSN
   itself, and MUST be chosen so that DSNs will not generate mail loops.
   Whenever an SMTP transaction is used to send a DSN, the MAIL FROM
   command MUST use a NULL return address, i.e., "MAIL FROM:<>".


> That means that C/R systems such as yours MUST support the empty return
> path (<>).

No it does not, IMO, given the full context of the requirement.

-e
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Date: Sat, 14 Jun 2003 23:02:12 -0400

At 05:58 PM 6/13/2003 -0400, waltdnes@waltdnes.org wrote:

>On Thu, Jun 12, 2003 at 02:32:47PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote
> > At 10:50 PM 6/10/2003 -0400, waltdnes@waltdnes.org wrote:
>
> > >  2) Yes, I realize that the ISP's MTA will have to keep state
> > >information regarding the luser's preferences.  However, it comes down
> > >to either a) ISP's server doing it (maybe luser enters pre-emptive
> > >             whitelist/blocklist via web interface), or
> > >          b) luser administering it on his own MUA (Aunt Ethel or your
> > >             parents, yeah sure)
> >
> > Privacy issues are a big concern here. Keep in mind that in the
> > USA, this information can be subpoened by many parties ranging from
> > the RIAA seeking copyright pirates to the FBI via the FBIS. Some
> > approaches here such as using checksums, one way functions,
> > cryptography, etc. are needed.
>
>   Given those powers, I'd subpeona the ISP's logs instead, or at least a
>subset generated by grepping for the suspect's email address as the
>destination.
[..]

ISP logs are not around for very long, whitelists for C/R systems are. 
Plus, ISP logs might be congregated for thousands and thousands of 
customers, while email preferences are unique per user and more easily 
identifiable. 

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To: "Shannon Jacobs" <shanen@acm.org>, <Asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Join ASRG and display  your email address for the
  spammers!!
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Date: Sat, 14 Jun 2003 22:50:06 -0400

At 07:24 AM 6/14/2003 +0900, Shannon Jacobs wrote:

>Hey, not trying to sound bent out of shape and all that, and it's too bloody
>late now, but I just wanted to note that if I had realized that my email
>address was going to be reposted on a publicly accessible Web site and in a
>non-protected form, then I never would have dared to peek at this mailing
>list.
>
>Already mentioned that it's too late, but I'd still like to have my email
>address expunged. I had been wondering why the new spam was coming through
>this routing, and I don't want to waste more time dealing with it. And I am
>not amused to discover that ASRG was probably the source of the leak.

I have been getting some spam at this email address as well since 
participating in the group. However, this address was exposed in at least 
one other place, so I don't know for sure.

The program used for archiving the lists is MHonArc, which has an anti-spam 
module (see http://www.mhonarc.org/MHonArc/doc/resources/spammode.html). 
Perhaps the administrators can turn it on in order to make sure that 
addresses are not being harvested. The IETF mail administrator can be 
reached at mailadm@ietf.org (from https://www1.ietf.org/maillist.html) and 
the person that handles our list is Jakob Munoz who can be reached at 
jmunoz@ietf.org (from https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg). GNU 
MailMan, which handles the actual mailing list, might have anti-spam 
features as well. Alas, for all we know that could be spammers on the list 
as well who want revenge, also I highly doubt it.

On the last note, consider this little gem from the IETF's spam control 
policy page (https://www1.ietf.org/spamcontrol.html):

"The Anti-Spam Research Group of the IRTF is ignored by all policies to 
prevent interruption of service."  

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        Eric Dean
	 <eric@purespeed.com>, "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Currently this is the 'requirement' - it is being slightly modified per Paul 
Judge's inputs.

2.9 Goal Oriented Solution

 The proposal SHOULD provide a carefully drafted scope of its
 goals and its effectiveness at addressing those goals. Systems
 SHOULD consider how they interoperate with other [anti-spam] systems.

-e

On Monday, June 09, 2003 12:22 PM, Yakov Shafranovich 
[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> At 05:09 PM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
>
>
> >Maybe I'm a minimalist, but I'm not sure where 998 characters is a limit for
> >CRI.  Hell, I'm not even concerned about the 78 characters that are
> >"preferred".
> >
> >I would prefer not including hash cash, digital sigs, etc within a CRI
> >model.  I'd prefer to keep it simple.  that's not to say that these
> >additional capabilities are not warranted nor provide additional value.  In
> >fact, they may be of such value that they can stand alone.
>
> Should we be building in an extension mechanism that would allow for that?
> SMTP for example is a simple protocol, but has an extension mechanism which
> allows for a lot more complex stuff.
>
> >Regarding SMTP mods..I think we should reserve that concept and develop it
> >within a subsequent version...but rather focus and define what's currently
> >at hand.  There are a few dozen C/R system that could benefit from an
> >interworking model
>
> Agreed.
>
> > > Now that the issue on the RFC 2822 headers is settled, I would like to
> > > bring up the issue of MIME and SMTP for CRI. Like I pointed out
> > > before, in
> > > my opinion the CRI protocol should utilize both RFC 2822 and MIME
> > > headers,
> > > with optional SMTP negotiation. In certain instances, like Vernon stated,
> > > MIME headers would have to be used when large amounts of data
> > > (larger than
> > > the 998 character limit of RFC 2822 headers) need to be transferred.
> > > Examples would be C/R systems transferring digital certificate chains and
> > > replying with a single challenge/response message for multiple
> > > recipients.
> > > Additionally, SMTP CRI via some ESMTP extension would be useful
> > > in certain
> > > cases.
> > >
> > > Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol as
> > > extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their own
> > > features such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.
> > >
> > > Yakov
> > >
> > >
> > > At 10:47 AM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
> > >
> > > >I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with
> > > proposing a new
> > > >RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of it,
> > > then so be it.
> > > >I'll proceed br producing a draft with real 2822-type headers.
> > > >
> > > >However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate in
> > > >the
> > > >meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed
> > > 2822 headers
> > > >
> > > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > > From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> > > > > Sent: Saturday, June 07, 2003 11:11 PM
> > > > > To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; 'Eric Dean'; asrg@ietf.org
> > > > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich
> > > > > [SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > > > > At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean
> > > > > [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> > > > > > >wrote:
> > > > > > >8<...>8
> > > > > > > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There
> > > > > isn't an RFC
> > > > > > > > 2822
> > > > > > > > registration process that I am aware of.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the
> > > > > introduction
> > > > > > >of an
> > > > > > >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as
> > > effective?'
> > > > > > >[..]
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until
> > > the standard
> > > > > > gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard
> > > > > is approved
> > > > > > then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is
> > > similar to the
> > > > > > HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to
> > > indicate gzip
> > > > > > encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
> > > > >
> > > > > I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to
> > > > > interpose is that
> > > > > perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for
> > > > > the proposal is
> > > > > the type of question that should be asked at this state.
> > > > >
> > > > > -e
> > > > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Asrg mailing list
> >Asrg@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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To: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>, Eric Dean <eric@purespeed.com>,
        "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Sat, 14 Jun 2003 23:06:40 -0400

Can you be more specific as to which part of the CRI proposal you were 
referring to?

At 10:58 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:

>Currently this is the 'requirement' - it is being slightly modified per Paul
>Judge's inputs.
>
>2.9 Goal Oriented Solution
>
>  The proposal SHOULD provide a carefully drafted scope of its
>  goals and its effectiveness at addressing those goals. Systems
>  SHOULD consider how they interoperate with other [anti-spam] systems.
>
>-e
>
>On Monday, June 09, 2003 12:22 PM, Yakov Shafranovich
>[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > At 05:09 PM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
> >
> >
> > >Maybe I'm a minimalist, but I'm not sure where 998 characters is a 
> limit for
> > >CRI.  Hell, I'm not even concerned about the 78 characters that are
> > >"preferred".
> > >
> > >I would prefer not including hash cash, digital sigs, etc within a CRI
> > >model.  I'd prefer to keep it simple.  that's not to say that these
> > >additional capabilities are not warranted nor provide additional 
> value.  In
> > >fact, they may be of such value that they can stand alone.
> >
> > Should we be building in an extension mechanism that would allow for that?
> > SMTP for example is a simple protocol, but has an extension mechanism which
> > allows for a lot more complex stuff.
> >
> > >Regarding SMTP mods..I think we should reserve that concept and develop it
> > >within a subsequent version...but rather focus and define what's currently
> > >at hand.  There are a few dozen C/R system that could benefit from an
> > >interworking model
> >
> > Agreed.
> >
> > > > Now that the issue on the RFC 2822 headers is settled, I would like to
> > > > bring up the issue of MIME and SMTP for CRI. Like I pointed out
> > > > before, in
> > > > my opinion the CRI protocol should utilize both RFC 2822 and MIME
> > > > headers,
> > > > with optional SMTP negotiation. In certain instances, like Vernon 
> stated,
> > > > MIME headers would have to be used when large amounts of data
> > > > (larger than
> > > > the 998 character limit of RFC 2822 headers) need to be transferred.
> > > > Examples would be C/R systems transferring digital certificate 
> chains and
> > > > replying with a single challenge/response message for multiple
> > > > recipients.
> > > > Additionally, SMTP CRI via some ESMTP extension would be useful
> > > > in certain
> > > > cases.
> > > >
> > > > Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol as
> > > > extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their own
> > > > features such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.
> > > >
> > > > Yakov
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > At 10:47 AM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
> > > >
> > > > >I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with
> > > > proposing a new
> > > > >RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of it,
> > > > then so be it.
> > > > >I'll proceed br producing a draft with real 2822-type headers.
> > > > >
> > > > >However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate in
> > > > >the
> > > > >meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed
> > > > 2822 headers
> > > > >
> > > > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > > > From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> > > > > > Sent: Saturday, June 07, 2003 11:11 PM
> > > > > > To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; 'Eric Dean'; asrg@ietf.org
> > > > > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich
> > > > > > [SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > > > > > At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean
> > > > > > [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> > > > > > > >wrote:
> > > > > > > >8<...>8
> > > > > > > > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There
> > > > > > isn't an RFC
> > > > > > > > > 2822
> > > > > > > > > registration process that I am aware of.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the
> > > > > > introduction
> > > > > > > >of an
> > > > > > > >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as
> > > > effective?'
> > > > > > > >[..]
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until
> > > > the standard
> > > > > > > gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard
> > > > > > is approved
> > > > > > > then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is
> > > > similar to the
> > > > > > > HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to
> > > > indicate gzip
> > > > > > > encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to
> > > > > > interpose is that
> > > > > > perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for
> > > > > > the proposal is
> > > > > > the type of question that should be asked at this state.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > -e
> > > > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > >
> > >_______________________________________________
> > >Asrg mailing list
> > >Asrg@ietf.org
> > >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        Eric Dean
	 <eric@purespeed.com>, "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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This message intends to address the issue raised concerning this statement:

'Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol as 
extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their own features 
such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.'

This is a SHOULD part of the broader requirement.  Sorry if that was unclear. 
 I am getting back up to speed after a few days, only this message left to go 
;-).

-e

On Saturday, June 14, 2003 11:07 PM, Yakov Shafranovich 
[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> Can you be more specific as to which part of the CRI proposal you were
> referring to?
>
> At 10:58 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
>
> >Currently this is the 'requirement' - it is being slightly modified per Paul
> >Judge's inputs.
> >
> >2.9 Goal Oriented Solution
> >
> >  The proposal SHOULD provide a carefully drafted scope of its
> >  goals and its effectiveness at addressing those goals. Systems
> >  SHOULD consider how they interoperate with other [anti-spam] systems.
> >
> >-e
> >
> >On Monday, June 09, 2003 12:22 PM, Yakov Shafranovich
> >[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > At 05:09 PM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > > >Maybe I'm a minimalist, but I'm not sure where 998 characters is a
> > limit for
> > > >CRI.  Hell, I'm not even concerned about the 78 characters that are
> > > >"preferred".
> > > >
> > > >I would prefer not including hash cash, digital sigs, etc within a CRI
> > > >model.  I'd prefer to keep it simple.  that's not to say that these
> > > >additional capabilities are not warranted nor provide additional
> > value.  In
> > > >fact, they may be of such value that they can stand alone.
> > >
> > > Should we be building in an extension mechanism that would allow for 
that?
> > >
> > > SMTP for example is a simple protocol, but has an extension mechanism
> > > which
> > > allows for a lot more complex stuff.
> > >
> > > >Regarding SMTP mods..I think we should reserve that concept and develop
> > > >it
> > > >within a subsequent version...but rather focus and define what's
> > > >currently
> > > >at hand.  There are a few dozen C/R system that could benefit from an
> > > >interworking model
> > >
> > > Agreed.
> > >
> > > > > Now that the issue on the RFC 2822 headers is settled, I would like
> > > > > to
> > > > > bring up the issue of MIME and SMTP for CRI. Like I pointed out
> > > > > before, in
> > > > > my opinion the CRI protocol should utilize both RFC 2822 and MIME
> > > > > headers,
> > > > > with optional SMTP negotiation. In certain instances, like Vernon
> > stated,
> > > > > MIME headers would have to be used when large amounts of data
> > > > > (larger than
> > > > > the 998 character limit of RFC 2822 headers) need to be transferred.
> > > > > Examples would be C/R systems transferring digital certificate
> > chains and
> > > > > replying with a single challenge/response message for multiple
> > > > > recipients.
> > > > > Additionally, SMTP CRI via some ESMTP extension would be useful
> > > > > in certain
> > > > > cases.
> > > > >
> > > > > Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol
> > > > > as
> > > > > extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their
> > > > > own
> > > > > features such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.
> > > > >
> > > > > Yakov
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > At 10:47 AM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > >I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with
> > > > > proposing a new
> > > > > >RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of it,
> > > > > then so be it.
> > > > > >I'll proceed br producing a draft with real 2822-type headers.
> > > > > >
> > > > > >However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate
> > > > > >in
> > > > > >the
> > > > > >meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed
> > > > > 2822 headers
> > > > > >
> > > > > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > > > > From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> > > > > > > Sent: Saturday, June 07, 2003 11:11 PM
> > > > > > > To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; 'Eric Dean'; asrg@ietf.org
> > > > > > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich
> > > > > > > [SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > > > > > > At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean
> > > > > > > [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> > > > > > > > >wrote:
> > > > > > > > >8<...>8
> > > > > > > > > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There
> > > > > > > isn't an RFC
> > > > > > > > > > 2822
> > > > > > > > > > registration process that I am aware of.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the
> > > > > > > introduction
> > > > > > > > >of an
> > > > > > > > >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as
> > > > > effective?'
> > > > > > > > >[..]
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until
> > > > > the standard
> > > > > > > > gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the standard
> > > > > > > is approved
> > > > > > > > then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is
> > > > > similar to the
> > > > > > > > HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to
> > > > > indicate gzip
> > > > > > > > encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to
> > > > > > > interpose is that
> > > > > > > perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for
> > > > > > > the proposal is
> > > > > > > the type of question that should be asked at this state.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > -e
> > > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > >_______________________________________________
> > > >Asrg mailing list
> > > >Asrg@ietf.org
> > > >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] 6.I Spam elimination by mailbox lock and key
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 00:39:06 -0400

At 2:52 PM -0600 6/13/03, Selby Hatch wrote:
>This was to be a proposal to eliminate spam in 6 months or less. 
>Perhaps 6 months is too ambitious. I thought that it was possible 
>until I started reading the postings at the ASRG yesterday. I was 
>naive.

Well, there's nothing wrong with the idea in concept.  The issues 
revolve around adoption, social issues, off-line addresses and the 
like.

>It is my belief that people want spam free mailboxes and that they 
>will use the extensions.

There is probably a class of users who only want to receive email 
from people with whom they have had prior communication.  I don't 
know anyone in that class--even the folks who get email to talk to 
their family usually want long lost friends to be able to find them. 
That means that you need to check unauthorized messages to see if 
there's anything there you didn't expect.  If you have to do that, 
the spammers will probably be happy to keep sending you spam.


>dialog when you send the email. This key should be in your address 
>book so that it can automatically be supplied by the email client 
>when you enter the email address of the recipient either by typing 
>it or by retrieving it from your address book.

That's another thing that a lot of people assume.  Maybe I'm weird, 
but I have very, very few addresses in my address book.  Mainly 
people whom I communicate with on a daily basis and would like to 
have their address auto-expanded.  Does everyone really use address 
books?

>2. Suppliers of email clients will have to extend their email 
>clients. This could take 2 weeks to two months depending on how well 
>their software is constructed and how good their programmers are. 
>Open source suppliers can probably do it in a month. Other suppliers 
>will take longer.

Presumably because they have schedules and like to test their 
software first :-).

But seriously.  If you're making a proposal, don't piss off the 
adopters in it.  There's no need for remarks like that.

>4. When the new extended email client is made available, you will 
>download it and install it on your PC.

That's an adoption problem.  First of all, it's not that simple. 
Who's going to update the email program on my Audrey?  Secondly, if 
people just casually did that when something new was available we 
wouldn't have nearly the virus problems we do now.  Large companies 
are very slow to make changes without first validating them. 
Individuals at home are are also slow to make changes.  There's a lot 
of old software out there, despite the fact that there are critical 
fixes in the new software.  And sometimes there are good reasons not 
to upgrade.

None of which is to take away from the idea.  Just realize that "six 
months" may look a lot more like "six years".  And remember too, the 
critical problem with this.  You can't automatically toss the spam 
until all of your correspondents are using the system.  So it's not 
good enough that you upgrade--you've got to get Aunt Martha to 
upgrade too.

>These keys will be entered into the address book of your email 
>client for the persons you have given them to. This is so that the 
>email client can send the keys to your email server and so that you 
>will know who has which keys in case  you need to replace a key. 
>Every address book entry can have two keys: (1) the key to your 
>mailbox that you have sent to the addressee, and (2) the key to the 
>mailbox of the addressee that they have sent to you.

That's actually a huge infrastructure change.  Corporate and shared 
address books need to be extended.  Data formats need to be changed. 
Not as trivial as it sounds at first blush.

Additionally, you've implied that the server is going to store my 
keys as well.  Currently most mail servers store no information at 
all about users other than a password (which they may well get from 
the OS).  That needs to be stored as well.  And how is going to be 
secured?  The mail server needs access to it on it's own, so even if 
it's encrypted, the mail server has the password.  Break into a mail 
server and you've just gained access to everyone's email keys.

>7. When your keys have been sent and your ISP notifies you that they 
>have implemented the server changes that support locking your 
>mailbox, you can have your email client lock your mailbox . . . . no 
>more spam. Your email client

Nope.  That state is not reached until everyone you know is using the 
system too.

>be sent to you if they ever change the key. Any request for a key 
>that has a subject, a message body, or other unnecessary header that 
>could contain a solicitation, will be bounced by the receiving email 
>server and will not placed into the mailbox.

What is considered sufficient information then?  If I get email from 
JSmith@yahoo.com, and he's not allowed to put in a subject or a body, 
then how am I supposed to know that I want to talk to him?  If he's a 
spammer, I don't.  If he saw one of my postings on ASRG and has a 
comment, then I do.  This is a major flaw in this system.

Any system that allows two strangers to exchange enough information 
that they can determine that they wish to talk, is also going to 
allow enough information for a spammer.  I don't believe there is any 
way around that.

>address could prove to be a problem. It doesn't have to be a valid 
>name and it could contain a lure or a solicitation message. Since it 
>is not necessary for message transmission, perhaps it should be 
>stripped off in the request for key process. The complete email 
>address including the name could be obtained after the initial 
>negotiation.

You do that, and it gets even worse.  How am I to know that 
xx233w221y@aol.com is Aunt Sally's new email address and not a 
spammer?

>14. Some sites require you to provide an email address if you 
>register. If you do not want further correspondence beyond 1 day or 
>1 week, you can create a unique short lived key just for this 
>purpose and use it in the registration.

So.  Every single web form in the world needs to add a new field and 
their database needs to be changed?

-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.
_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 02:53:40 -0400

On Fri, Jun 13, 2003 at 02:52:20PM -0600, Selby Hatch wrote

> Fingerprint
> BD0A 9B79 1661 03DF D035  4578 07FF E619 E4C7 A610

  Are you talking about PGP/GPG/etc ?  This looks very familiar.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did
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Cc: "'Paul Judge'" <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com>,
        "'Kee Hinckley'" <nazgul@somewhere.com>,
        "'Asrg@ietf.org'" <Asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list )
In-reply-to: Your message of Sat, 14 Jun 2003 09:34:09 PDT.
From: Vern Paxson <vern@icir.org>
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 00:01:43 -0700

> If this is a research organization it does not make sense to require an
> undertaking to require release of IPR before the utility of the proposal in
> question is examined.
> ...
> There is no point in approaching an IPR owner to ask for a license before
> you have decided whether you are even going to use it at all, let alone what
> you are going to do.

But that's not the requirement.  The requirement is to disclose knowledge
of the existence of IPR, not to try to secure a license to it.

Given that, do you still disagree with the requirement?

		Vern
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Spammer responses to SPF 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sat, 14 Jun 2003 01:58:58 EDT."
             <20030614055858.GB12997@dumbo.pobox.com> 
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 09:31:14 -0400

Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com> wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 13, 2003 at 05:54:55PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
> | 
> | It's not like spammers can't change their behavior, they often do, and
> | this one isn't even hard to change.

  The fact that spammers can adapt to measures used to fight them
doesn't mean we should give up the fight, as a lost cause.

> I agree; we must play good chess.  If SPF/DMP/RMX/... goes in, what do
> you think the spammers will do next?

  Exactly.

  There is no "magic bullet", or "weapon of mass destruction" which
may be used to fight spam.  The ONLY possible method we can use is to
gradually implement a series of changes to the network, and our use of
it, which will make it unproductive to send spam.  These measures
will, of course, have a cost for the non-spammers, but that cost
SHOULD be less than the cost that they are already bearing, of
fighting spam.


  The rabid fight against any anti-spam measure which isn't perfect is
something I've never understood, except from the "ulterior motives"
perspective.

  Alan DeKok.
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list 
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 09:24:54 -0400

"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:
> I think those type of comments and questions about what is patentable or
> not are unproductive to this list,

  Discussions of prior art for anti-spam patents should be explicitely
on-topic for this list.

> Unless you're a seasoned patent attorney, patent examiner, or one
> that has submitted several patents and gone through the examination
> process many times, all one can offer is something less than a
> "armchair quarterback" opinion that will typically lead to even more
> guessing and we'll end up getting excited over nothing.

  So people with experience in a technical field are unqualified to
discuss technology in their field, as soon as the magic word "patent"
appears.  However, people knowledgable in the areas of patents are
qualified to discuss technology in *other* peoples fields, even when
those patent-people are manifestly untrained, and inexperienced in
those fields.

> Asking technical people for their opinions on the patent process is like
> asking laypeople to comment on complex software architecture: you'll get
> comments that are completely out of scope and wildly incorrect.  

  Asking technical people for their opinions of the TECHNICAL MERITS
of patents is always appropriate.

  ASRG is attempting to resolve the consent exchange issue, for
email.  Patents which limit the available solutions should be
discussed.  Patents which have prior art should also be discussed.

  Alan DeKok.
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To: <bob@wyman.us>, "'Selby Hatch'" <selby_hatch@azza.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 6.I Spam elimination by mailbox lock and key
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 11:47:27 -0400

At 04:09 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Bob Wyman wrote:

>Selby Hatch wrote:
> > 2. Only senders that have a key to your mailbox can send
> > an email into your mailbox.
> > 3. You will create one or more keys for your mailbox and
> > enter them into the email address book entries for the
> > persons you are giving the keys to.
>
>         The system you have described is very similar to ones that have
>been described and implemented in the past. Personally, I agree with you
>that this particular method of fighting spam is likely to form part of a
>very effective anti-spam system. The most interesting feature of such a
>system is that it has immediate benefit to someone who adopts it and it
>can be adopted by individuals rather than requiring support from ISPs,
>network maintainers, etc.
>[..]

Is there a need for these systems to be interopable as per Eric William's 
requirement spec? Will someone have to eventually define a protocol so 
different "opt-in" systems can talk to each other? 

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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 12:11:13 -0400

At 09:24 AM 6/15/2003 -0400, Alan DeKok wrote:

>"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:
> > I think those type of comments and questions about what is patentable or
> > not are unproductive to this list,
>
>   Discussions of prior art for anti-spam patents should be explicitely
>on-topic for this list.

I was originally planning on tracking prior art from the list for the 
document I am keeping. However, there is simply so much information being 
provided that I am rethinking the decision. However, I would have to agree 
with Alan about this: prior art discussions are practically useless for 
patents that have been already granted, since the group is not planning on 
using the prior art to challenge the patents. The only useful utility that 
may possible come from prior art is the determination of how strong the 
patent is - but then again we are not lawyers.

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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 11:44:05 -0400

At 09:31 AM 6/15/2003 -0400, Alan DeKok wrote:

>Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com> wrote:
> > On Fri, Jun 13, 2003 at 05:54:55PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
> > |
> > | It's not like spammers can't change their behavior, they often do, and
> > | this one isn't even hard to change.
>
>   The fact that spammers can adapt to measures used to fight them
>doesn't mean we should give up the fight, as a lost cause.
>
> > I agree; we must play good chess.  If SPF/DMP/RMX/... goes in, what do
> > you think the spammers will do next?
>
>   Exactly.
>
>   There is no "magic bullet", or "weapon of mass destruction" which
>may be used to fight spam.  The ONLY possible method we can use is to
>gradually implement a series of changes to the network, and our use of
>it, which will make it unproductive to send spam.  These measures
>will, of course, have a cost for the non-spammers, but that cost
>SHOULD be less than the cost that they are already bearing, of
>fighting spam.
>[..]

Agreed. The spam problem might never go away, but these changes can 
gradually reduce the problem. 

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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 13:49:05 -0400

At 11:18 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:

>On Monday, June 09, 2003 6:21 PM, Art Pollard [SMTP:pollarda@lextek.com] 
>wrote:
>8<...>8
> > ... The CR system would filter based in the digital signature rather
> > than the FROM address.
>
>A signature that signs what? or do you mean a 'hash' produced using a 
>'senders'
>private key?

I think he meant a digital certificate issued by a third-part certificate 
authority, not a digital signature.

> > Thus it would be quite possible for people to have
> > multiple clients with the same digital signature (one for each e-mail
> > address say) and they would only have to undergo the CR once -- even if
> > they switched ISPs.
>
>Same private key?

Yep - Same certificate.

>8<...>8
> > ...When whitelisting occurred, it would whitelist a
> > particular person's signature rather than their e-mail address.
>
>Caching of the public key?

Yep.

>-e
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 13:58:30 -0400

At 11:08 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:

>On Monday, June 09, 2003 2:39 PM, Yakov Shafranovich
>[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
>8<...>8
> > HOWEVER, the same section states:
> >
> > "Whenever an SMTP transaction is used to send a DSN, the MAIL FROM command
> > MUST use a NULL return address, i.e., "MAIL FROM:<>"."
>
>A proper intepretation of that statement requires its full context.  The 
>intent
>is to prevent message looping.  As such the CRI or other systems SHOULD 
>ensure
>that specfied addresses do not violate that tenet.
>
>
>    The envelope sender address of the DSN SHOULD be chosen to ensure
>    that no delivery status reports will be issued in response to the DSN
>    itself, and MUST be chosen so that DSNs will not generate mail loops.
>    Whenever an SMTP transaction is used to send a DSN, the MAIL FROM
>    command MUST use a NULL return address, i.e., "MAIL FROM:<>".
>
>
> > That means that C/R systems such as yours MUST support the empty return
> > path (<>).
>
>No it does not, IMO, given the full context of the requirement.

We were considering implementing CRI within the extension framework of 
DSNs. DSNs require the return path to be <>, so any system that would use 
such protocol in this matter, would require <> as well. I didn't not mean 
that ALL C/R systems will use it - thank you for pointing this out.

Someone pointed out that DSNs might not be the best solution, since it is 
intended to be a one-way notification, as opposed to CRI where the 
challenge is intended to be responded to and there is also an issue of all 
systems that do not support CRI but support DSNs. I also contacted Keith 
Moore who wrote the DSN RFCs for his opinion, so we'll see how this one 
will fall out. DSNs have an advantage of having an ESMTP extension defined. 
In any case, we might want to take a look at the MIME type of 
"multipart/report" within which DSNs operate. This MIME part might be used 
for CRI, patterned after the DSNs structure.

Yakov






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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 08:28:41 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> The program used for archiving the lists is MHonArc, which has an anti-spam 
> module (see http://www.mhonarc.org/MHonArc/doc/resources/spammode.html). 
> Perhaps the administrators can turn it on in order to make sure that 
> addresses are not being harvested. The IETF mail administrator can be 
> reached at mailadm@ietf.org (from https://www1.ietf.org/maillist.html) and 
> the person that handles our list is Jakob Munoz who can be reached at 
> jmunoz@ietf.org (from https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg). GNU 
> MailMan, which handles the actual mailing list, might have anti-spam 
> features as well. 

Even without have heard of experiements that show spammers are prefectly
capable of writing, finding, and/or using software that can and does
recover mail addresses from any such "anti-spam" feature, common sense
should tell one that is likely.  It is impossible to create a mechanism
that leaves addresses in a form that can be used by people but that
cannot be decoded by a program.  (Look for the neologisms "munge" and
"demunge.")

Therefore you must be advocating the complete censoring of all
addresses from this and presumably all IETF and IRTF mailing list
archives.  I suspect many people would object to that on grounds
related to the notion that IETF and IRTF mailing lists are in some
sense public and official.

As I've said before, I think that the price of admission to this
mailing list should include sufficient practical knowledge of spam
and spam defenses to not need to worry about exposing one's address.
Besides, anyone advocating challenge-response, authentication, or any
of several other spam defenses and complains about spam as a result
of address exposure here or anywhere is either admitting practical
ignorance of the adovcated defense or saying that the advocated defense
is useless.


>                   Alas, for all we know that could be spammers on the list 
> as well who want revenge, also I highly doubt it.

I don't know about "revenge," but I am convinced that certain superficial
changes in some common spam in the last 60 days were prompted by
discussions here.

I trust you did not intend to suggest that you doubt that spammers
would either subscribe to this mailing list or regularly check the
archives, since that would be silly.  Spammers have more interest in
effective spam defenses than almost anyone else except perhaps people
working for organizations that are selling or want to sell spam defenses
(effective or not).


  .....

Concerning delays in receiving copies of mail from this or any big
list:  Please consider obvious aspects how any bulk mail system run
by spammers, the IETF, or anyone must work.  The simplest implementation
is to send copies one at a time to addresses in the list.  If sending
each copy takes 5 seconds, then the thousandth address will receive
its copy more than an hour after the first address.  In practice, many
transmissions will take less than a second and there will be a
significant amount of parallelism, but that parallelism will be modest
and there will be many slow or silent SMTP servers in the list that
will make the average time/copy large.  In practice, bulk mailing
software will keep lists sorted.  The result is quite familiar to
anyone with with an address near the end of the alphabet and any
experience with large mailing lists.  We get our copies from the
list hours and sometimes literally days after people at the front
of the list and after "courtesy" copies.

In addition, this mailing list may be manually moderated.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
_______________________________________________
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To: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>, Eric Dean <eric@purespeed.com>,
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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 11:37:53 -0400

So I am assuming that you will be adding extensibility requirements as part 
of the requirements draft you are working on?

At 11:48 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:

>This message intends to address the issue raised concerning this statement:
>
>'Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol as
>extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their own 
>features
>such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.'
>
>This is a SHOULD part of the broader requirement.  Sorry if that was unclear.
>  I am getting back up to speed after a few days, only this message left 
> to go
>;-).
>
>-e
>
>On Saturday, June 14, 2003 11:07 PM, Yakov Shafranovich
>[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > Can you be more specific as to which part of the CRI proposal you were
> > referring to?
> >
> > At 10:58 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> >
> > >Currently this is the 'requirement' - it is being slightly modified 
> per Paul
> > >Judge's inputs.
> > >
> > >2.9 Goal Oriented Solution
> > >
> > >  The proposal SHOULD provide a carefully drafted scope of its
> > >  goals and its effectiveness at addressing those goals. Systems
> > >  SHOULD consider how they interoperate with other [anti-spam] systems.
> > >
> > >-e
> > >
> > >On Monday, June 09, 2003 12:22 PM, Yakov Shafranovich
> > >[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > > At 05:09 PM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > >Maybe I'm a minimalist, but I'm not sure where 998 characters is a
> > > limit for
> > > > >CRI.  Hell, I'm not even concerned about the 78 characters that are
> > > > >"preferred".
> > > > >
> > > > >I would prefer not including hash cash, digital sigs, etc within a CRI
> > > > >model.  I'd prefer to keep it simple.  that's not to say that these
> > > > >additional capabilities are not warranted nor provide additional
> > > value.  In
> > > > >fact, they may be of such value that they can stand alone.
> > > >
> > > > Should we be building in an extension mechanism that would allow for
>that?
> > > >
> > > > SMTP for example is a simple protocol, but has an extension mechanism
> > > > which
> > > > allows for a lot more complex stuff.
> > > >
> > > > >Regarding SMTP mods..I think we should reserve that concept and 
> develop
> > > > >it
> > > > >within a subsequent version...but rather focus and define what's
> > > > >currently
> > > > >at hand.  There are a few dozen C/R system that could benefit from an
> > > > >interworking model
> > > >
> > > > Agreed.
> > > >
> > > > > > Now that the issue on the RFC 2822 headers is settled, I would like
> > > > > > to
> > > > > > bring up the issue of MIME and SMTP for CRI. Like I pointed out
> > > > > > before, in
> > > > > > my opinion the CRI protocol should utilize both RFC 2822 and MIME
> > > > > > headers,
> > > > > > with optional SMTP negotiation. In certain instances, like Vernon
> > > stated,
> > > > > > MIME headers would have to be used when large amounts of data
> > > > > > (larger than
> > > > > > the 998 character limit of RFC 2822 headers) need to be 
> transferred.
> > > > > > Examples would be C/R systems transferring digital certificate
> > > chains and
> > > > > > replying with a single challenge/response message for multiple
> > > > > > recipients.
> > > > > > Additionally, SMTP CRI via some ESMTP extension would be useful
> > > > > > in certain
> > > > > > cases.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI 
> protocol
> > > > > > as
> > > > > > extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their
> > > > > > own
> > > > > > features such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Yakov
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > At 10:47 AM 6/8/2003 -0400, Eric Dean wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > >I'm pretty sure that it's clear we should move forward with
> > > > > > proposing a new
> > > > > > >RFC2822 header.  If a BOF wants to throw an X in front of it,
> > > > > > then so be it.
> > > > > > >I'll proceed br producing a draft with real 2822-type headers.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >However, if someone out there is interested, we could interoperate
> > > > > > >in
> > > > > > >the
> > > > > > >meantime using X or optional headers as well as with proposed
> > > > > > 2822 headers
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > > > > > From: Eric D. Williams [mailto:eric@infobro.com]
> > > > > > > > Sent: Saturday, June 07, 2003 11:11 PM
> > > > > > > > To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; 'Eric Dean'; asrg@ietf.org
> > > > > > > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > On Thursday, June 05, 2003 10:57 AM, Yakov Shafranovich
> > > > > > > > [SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> > > > > > > > > At 11:15 PM 6/4/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >On Wednesday, June 04, 2003 3:54 PM, Eric Dean
> > > > > > > > [SMTP:eric@purespeed.com]
> > > > > > > > > >wrote:
> > > > > > > > > >8<...>8
> > > > > > > > > > > ok..optional headers or do we introduce a new one?  There
> > > > > > > > isn't an RFC
> > > > > > > > > > > 2822
> > > > > > > > > > > registration process that I am aware of.
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > >IMHO the question at this stage is 'optional headers or the
> > > > > > > > introduction
> > > > > > > > > >of an
> > > > > > > > > >new one?  Would a comparable RFC 2822 header field be as
> > > > > > effective?'
> > > > > > > > > >[..]
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Both an "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers should be defined. Until
> > > > > > the standard
> > > > > > > > > gets approved, the "X-" headers will be used, once the 
> standard
> > > > > > > > is approved
> > > > > > > > > then both the "X-CRI" and "CRI" headers are used. This is
> > > > > > similar to the
> > > > > > > > > HTTP protocol where both "gzip" and "x-gzip" are used to
> > > > > > indicate gzip
> > > > > > > > > encoding (RFC 2616, section 3.5).
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > I understand that, thanks.  But the issue I was trying to
> > > > > > > > interpose is that
> > > > > > > > perhaps the consideration of which would be more effective for
> > > > > > > > the proposal is
> > > > > > > > the type of question that should be asked at this state.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > -e
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >_______________________________________________
> > > > >Asrg mailing list
> > > > >Asrg@ietf.org
> > > > >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, Asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Join ASRG and display  your email address for the
  spammers!!
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 17:20:09 -0400

At 08:28 AM 6/15/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>[..]
>
> >                   Alas, for all we know that could be spammers on the list
> > as well who want revenge, also I highly doubt it.
>
>I don't know about "revenge," but I am convinced that certain superficial
>changes in some common spam in the last 60 days were prompted by
>discussions here.
>
>I trust you did not intend to suggest that you doubt that spammers
>would either subscribe to this mailing list or regularly check the
>archives, since that would be silly.  Spammers have more interest in
>effective spam defenses than almost anyone else except perhaps people
>working for organizations that are selling or want to sell spam defenses
>(effective or not).

Vernon is raising an interesting point - we are operating as a public 
organization and thus are in full view of the very people we are trying to 
stop - the spammers. I personally think that is an advantage since we can 
see the reactions of the spammers to our discussions very quickly and can 
adjust accordingly.

Yakov  

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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 16:53:32 -0500
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Howdy!

Since I'm a recent addition to this list, let me briefly introduce myself.

Name's Gordon Peterson, live in Dallas.  I've been active in computer E-mail and 
networking longer than most, I guess... including being the creator and 
programmer of the system software for the world's first commercially available 
LAN system.  (Datapoint's ARC System, developed during 1976, delivered and 
announced in 1977)

I'll never forget the "oh, no..." moment (back in the internetworked BBS days) 
when it started to dawn on me that there was probably going to be an increasing 
role in such systems for moderators and monitors, due to abuse/spam/such issues.

Recently I joined the spf-discuss list, where their focus is DNS-based 
approaches to identify "home domains" for specified users/senders, so that 
anyone on the Net can tell if the "From" address doesn't match the IP address or 
MTA that the mail is coming from (which *might* indicate a forged return 
address... or might not!)  While in general making E-mail more accountable is 
*usually* (perhaps not always...!) a good idea, it strikes me that it does NOT 
achieve what they claim to be their goal... and comes at a high (perhaps 
unreasonably high) cost to many types of users who for legitimate reasons 
sometimes post from atypical locations (e.g. internet cafe on board a cruise 
ship, kiosk in an airport waiting lounge, etc).  Their approach also has the 
major disadvantage that implementation virtually requires an essentially global 
change to the setup of mail servers everywhere, which I think is unrealistic.  
And, of course, million-subscriber ISPs sorta make it fairly meaningless to 
affirm that the From: address is valid on their IP-address-range... 

During the discussion it struck me that a better approach to the problem is the 
following:

A recipient should be able to create a specific-permission "whitelist" which 
lists the senders (by E-mail address) to which they wish to assign "special" 
privileges.  Senders who are not on the whitelist would only be allowed to send 
that recipient plain, unencoded, ASCII text E-mails without HTML, scripting, 
encoding, or any kind of attachments.

So the permissions a recipient could assign to certain "approved/trusted" 
senders would be (one or more, individually selectable):

   * may send HTML

   * may send attachments

   * may include scripting

   * may include ActiveX and similar
 
   * may use encoded text (e.g. text in base64 encoding)

   * (perhaps) a maximum message size for the indicated sender

By default, each of those specific permissions would be set to "prohibited", 
including for senders where the sender was not (yet?) included on the 
recipient's whitelist.

Mail violating the permissions specified would be either simply t-canned or else 
bounced back to the sender as undeliverable.  

The whitelist would be maintained either at the recipient's mail server, or 
local ISP's mail server, or else (for their own domain) at the domain 
provider/mail forwarder... probably, as soon as the mail resolves to the 
addressee domain.

You'll note that this scheme does not provide for the blocking (at this level, 
anyhow) of plain ASCII text spams.  True.  More on that later.

But the great majority of spams use a variety of tricks to get past content 
filters, and to deceive recipients.  A *large* subset of those tricks are based 
on HTML:

  1)  HTML comments (and bogus HTML tags) to break up and obscure mail content, 
and to confuse content filters;

  2)  graphic-mode-text (likewise);

  3)  links which purport to be one thing but where the actual hyperlink in fact 
(and usually invisibly) points somewhere else;

  4)  scripting where the message displayed only can be viewed as a result of 
the computational process, again to make things difficult for content filters.

Attachments (especially in unsolicited E-mails) tend to frequently contain 
viruses, worms, "background music" that's actually a PIF or EXE file, and things 
of that sort.  Getting attachments from someone who doesn't ordinarily send 
those is a warning sign that it might well be malicious.

I've seen several spams which use base64 encoding of the message text, again to 
confuse content filters.  Legitimate E-mails rarely if ever send encoded text.

The important thing to understand here is that any user who WISHES to receive 
any of these 'dangerous'/dubious things in their e-mails from specific, trusted 
originating E-mail addresses would be easily able to enable that for that 
specific sender.

Genuinely unsolicited E-mails, however, virtually *never* _need_ to have 
HTML-burdened bodies.  HTML-burdened E-mail (including its 3-5x greater bulk 
over plain ASCII text) is inefficient, and generally not worth the extra 
bandwidth, inbox space, and risk that it entails.  A sender who exceptionally 
needs to send "unusual" content could send a plain ASCII E-mail requesting 
advance permission to do so, and the intended recipient could either agree or 
not, as appropriate.

By enabling a user to simply t-can any unexpected HTML-burdened (or 
attachment-carrying) incoming message (and ideally as soon as it got to their 
domain provider or ISP), spammers would be denied many of their most cherished 
and valuable tricks.  Content filters would be far more useful and efficient.  
And much more of the remaining unsolicited spam that WOULD still be sent would 
be sent in plain ASCII text (knowing that sending unsolicited HTML E-mail was 
the kiss of death...) meaning it would reduce wasted bandwidth for such 
remaining spam mail net-wide by at least a factor of three to five.

Other advantages of this approach is that it doesn't require any kind of global 
agreement or flash-cutover date.  Individual ISPs could offer such a 
specific-sender-permissions system IMMEDIATELY to their users, and this would 
have a HUGE impact, in my observation, both on the amount of spam (and other 
wasteful HTML-burdened mail) they receive, as well as in a great reduction of 
the residual spam that would slip through SpamAssassin-type keyword and other 
content filtering.

So again, to sum up:

  Unsolicited E-mails from unfamiliar/untrusted senders (and this would be the 
default) that contained HTML, scripting, attachments, or encoded text would be 
bounced or t-canned.

  A recipient could easily and quickly enable those various types of E-mail 
extended features individually or in combination for specified originating 
E-mail addresses.

  Remaining mail (including, potentially, residual spam) would be generally 
smaller in bulk (3-5x, due to no HTML-burdening in mail from untrusted senders) 
and far more easily processed using content-based filters such as SpamAssassin.

  The spam/bandwidth/bulk would be truncated as soon as the mail reached the 
destination domain, reducing bandwidth/storage costs for ISPs over simple 
user-end approaches.

  Space would be accordingly conserved in limited-size ISP inboxes.

  The approach can be implemented piecemeal and incrementally (starting at once) 
without requiring Net-wide consensus on new technologies or protocols.

Ideas/comments/(support!) would be welcome.  

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.


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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        "'Alan DeKok'" <aland@freeradius.org>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list 
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 19:14:01 -0400
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> The only useful utility that may possible come from 
> prior art is the determination of how strong the 
> patent is - but then again we are not lawyers.

	No. This is simply not true. 

	First, the "strength" of the patent is only of secondary
interest in a "research" group where the focus should be on determining
what is the best mechanism or process for ending the spam problem. The
"strength" of a patent will only become interesting once one is at the
point of recommending specific solutions -- not when we're still trying
to understand what solutions are possible. To understand this
application domain, we need to understand the patented methods, and
their prior art, as well as the unpatented ones.
	Discovering and discussing prior art is useful in that this
prior art might reveal some aspect of a solution that the patent doesn't
cover. Remember, the goal here is "research" or "learning." Also, the
presence of prior art is something that should eventually get used by
those who take the non-research step of recommending and investing in
specific solutions. Just as it is important to know that one or another
method is encumbered, it is important to know that prior art may exist
for one or another encumbering patent. 

		bob wyman


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To: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>, Asrg@ietf.org
From: Art Pollard <pollarda@lextek.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 16:55:31 -0600

At 11:18 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, you wrote:
>On Monday, June 09, 2003 6:21 PM, Art Pollard [SMTP:pollarda@lextek.com] 
>wrote:
>8<...>8
> > ... The CR system would filter based in the digital signature rather
> > than the FROM address.
>
>A signature that signs what? or do you mean a 'hash' produced using a 
>'senders'  private key?

A digital signature uses a public / private key pair and a hash (typically 
SHA).  Given the public key then the signature and message could be 
verified.  The message would be signed with the private key as it went 
out.  The message's header would contain:

1) The digital signature (generated by the public/private key pair and the 
message)
2) The public key.

The whitelisting would occur based not on the e-mail address but on the 
public key.  Thus when a new message comes in, the public key would be 
looked up in the whitelist to see if it is already there.  If it is there, 
the message can be checked with the public key and the signature to ensure 
that the proper public / private key pair actually was used to sign the 
message and that the message has not been altered.

By whitelisting on the public key and not the e-mail address / 
username/etc. the user can move between machines and accounts without new 
challenges as long as they use the same public/private key pair to sign 
their messages.

> > Thus it would be quite possible for people to have
> > multiple clients with the same digital signature (one for each e-mail
> > address say) and they would only have to undergo the CR once -- even if
> > they switched ISPs.
>
>Same private key?

Yep.


>8<...>8
> > ...When whitelisting occurred, it would whitelist a
> > particular person's signature rather than their e-mail address.
>
>Caching of the public key?

Yep. The public key would be cached and would be used in the whitelisting 
process.

-Art

-- 
Art Pollard
http://www.lextek.com/
Suppliers of High Performance Text Retrieval Engines.

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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 16:46:55 -0600

At 01:49 PM 6/15/2003 -0400, you wrote:
>At 11:18 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
>
>>On Monday, June 09, 2003 6:21 PM, Art Pollard [SMTP:pollarda@lextek.com] 
>>wrote:
>>8<...>8
>> > ... The CR system would filter based in the digital signature rather
>> > than the FROM address.
>>
>>A signature that signs what? or do you mean a 'hash' produced using a 
>>'senders'
>>private key?
>
>I think he meant a digital certificate issued by a third-part certificate 
>authority, not a digital signature.

Actually, I meant a digital signature. ;-)

Given a digital signature, one can be assured that the person who the mail 
says wrote the message actually wrote the message.  It will assist to 
prevent spoofing of the sender's information (such as when spammers search 
archives to figure out who knows who).

I envision when the whitelisting of an individual happens, their public key 
would be kept on record.  The public key could be given in the header of 
the message that passed the CR process.

Then if a new message comes in, the public key (again in the header) would 
be looked up to see if it has been whitelisted.  If it is not in the 
whitelist, a challenge would be sent.  If it is in the whitelist, then the 
message would be checked to ensure that the key and the signature match. If 
it passes then the message goes to the user.  If it does not pass, a 
challenge would be sent.

So, in a sense, the whitelisting would be based on the public key -- not on 
the e-mail address or user name or something forgable.

This avoids having a third party authority having to provide certificates 
for one person or another.  People could generate their own key sets.  And 
as long as they provided the same public/private keys to each account that 
they used then their previous whitelistings would go with them.

You do not need somebody to provide a certificate since the odds of having 
two people having the same public/private key pair are minimal and if there 
were a collision, there isn't much that a spammer could do about it.  And 
even if they could, it would only consist of spamming only a handful of 
people (like 1-100) -- not the millions that they are used to.  It just 
wouldn't be worth their time and effort.

I don't think that certificates through a third party that guarantee that 
someone is who they say they are are really worthwhile since all it takes 
is for someone dishonest to start handing out falsified certificates.  Or 
if a centralized certificate authorities were used, they would have a hard 
time keeping up with applications.

Instead, just let people generate their own public/private keys and don't 
pay attention to whether they are who they say they are as the CR system 
will weed out those who have malicious intent.

-Art
-- 
Art Pollard
http://www.lextek.com/
Suppliers of High Performance Text Retrieval Engines.

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To: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
Cc: "'ietf@ietf.org'" <ietf@ietf.org>,
        "'Paul Judge'" <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com>,
        "'Kee Hinckley'" <nazgul@somewhere.com>,
        "'Asrg@ietf.org'" <Asrg@ietf.org>
In-reply-to: Your message of Sun, 15 Jun 2003 05:10:43 PDT.
From: Vern Paxson <vern@icir.org>
Subject: [Asrg] Re: CLOSE ASRG NOW IT HAS FAILED
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> I disagree with the requirement because I don't think there is 
> an enforceable requirement. I think that if there is a problem
> and a court case results, that the way the IPR policy has been
> enacted will allow any barely competent lawyer to get arround
> it.

As I previously stated, this is an *interim* policy because the IRTF does
not have a formal policy at this point, and putting one together is going
to take a fair amount of time.

Even if it is unenforceable, there is a notion of maintaining ethical
behavior; most of us comply with rules of professional conduct even if
they are not legally enforceable.

		Vern
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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>,
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Join ASRG and display  your email address for the 
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--On lřrdag, juni 14, 2003 22:50:06 -0400 Yakov Shafranovich 
<research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:

> On the last note, consider this little gem from the IETF's spam control
> policy page (https://www1.ietf.org/spamcontrol.html):
>
> "The Anti-Spam Research Group of the IRTF is ignored by all policies to
> prevent interruption of service."

this was my little contribution....

There were so many phrases that triggered the spam filters at the IETF 
occuring in postings to the ASRG list that I told them to turn the filters 
off for that list.

Too many false positives and too few people devoted to sorting through the 
rubbish.

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--On lřrdag, juni 14, 2003 20:59:08 -0400 Kee Hinckley 
<nazgul@somewhere.com> wrote:

> At 9:39 PM -0400 6/13/03, Paul Judge wrote:
>> Is there a particular sentence that is unclear to you? The text is
>> directly from RFC 2026.
>
>>> "By submission of a contribution, each person actually submitting the
>>>    contribution is deemed to agree to the following terms and conditions
>>>    on his own behalf, on behalf of the organization (if any) he
>>>    represents and on behalf of the owners of any propriety rights in the
>>>    contribution..  Where a submission identifies contributors in
>>>    addition to the contributor(s) who provide the actual submission, the
>>>    actual submitter(s) represent that each other named contributor was
>>>    made aware of and agreed to accept the same terms and conditions on
>>>    his own behalf, on behalf of any organization he may represent and
>>>    any known owner of any proprietary rights in the contribution.
>
> Well, part of the problem is that there are only two sentences, but there
> are about half a dozen sub clauses.

rest assured that the new version has many, many more sentences :-)

> I think I understand the first sentence, but it raises more issues than
> it helps.  What does "represents" mean?  Does that mean I need to stick a
> clause in every suggestion I make, stating that this is not an official
> statement from my organization?

actually it means that you don't have to stick explicit clauses into your 
statements, because you are "deemed to agree".
> But anyway, the first sentence simply
> seems to say that by the acting of contributing a (something, not clear
> what) I'm agreeing to the following terms, and I'm agreeing to them for
> everyone who I might possibly represent. The more I think about that, the
> more I find it unacceptable. Agreement should be explicit, not implicit.
> (Sounds like we're defining spam here :-).

It's supposed to be more an encoding of common sense:

If you claim to speak on behalf of others, we have a right to assume that 
you have secured the right to speak for them; if you claim to not speak on 
behalf of others, we have a right to assume that you have secured the right 
to speak on your own.
If you get into trouble because you spoke when you shouldn't, that's your 
problem, not the IRTF's.

> The second sentence is the one that lost me.  After reading it several
> times I think it means.
>
> 	The submitter promises that everyone with ownership of the
> 	contribution has been aware of, and agrees to, these terms.
>
> Now that I understand that, I don't find it acceptable either.
>
> You need to define "contribution".  Are we talking a formal contribution
> made to the ASRG as in "here is my document, documenting what I think we
> ought to do"?  Or are we talking about the bunch of us bouncing around
> ideas and making suggestions.  Because if it's the latter, then I think
> there are a number of people on this list who are going to have to pull
> out. --

By the terms of RFC 2026 as clarified by the IPR WG, any time you send to 
an IETF mailing list, you are making a contribution.

If you bounce an idea off the list that you know is patented, or otherwise 
encumbered by IPR, it's your responsibility to tell us; if you don't know 
that it is, you don't have a responsibility to spend research time to find 
out if there is.

But this is the IRTF, not the IETF, and I'm not a lawyer, nor do I speak 
for any of them..... this is MY opinion of what it means....

                     Harald


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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:07:49 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
| 3) conclude that because technical solutions have not solved spam in
|    the past, they cannot possibly solve spam in the future; this is
|    the "spam is ultimately a social / technical / legal problem" camp;

er, that should be "social / economic / legal".  Sorry.

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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:28:25 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 04:33:47PM +0200, Markus Stumpf wrote:
| 
| spammers will switch back to empty envelope senders.

The original DMP I-D says, in the case of a blank envelope sender,
test using the HELO domain instead of the envelope sender domain.

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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:08:43 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
| 
| ...some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 5) misunderstand some technical detail of SPF, and take up arms
|    against a chimera;

(5): SPF doesn't say anything about RFC822 header addresses.  It only
has to do with the RFC821 envelope sender address.  You may still
forge whatever headers you wish.  Forwarding systems and kiosks can
easily achieve SPF compliance by using a sender rewriting scheme
(SRS); I am developing a simple I-D to describe one possible SRS.

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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:17:05 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
| 
| ... some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 8) do not see beyond the short future that is explicitly described;
| 

Of course spammers will react to SPF.  If you can think of specific
actions they will take, let's discuss them.

I've already thought of one response; the "throwaway domain" scenario
is addressed in the FAQ at

  http://spf.pobox.com/faq.html#noprevent

Many eyes make bugs shallow, process of dialectic, yadda yadda.
Help me make this proposal the best that it can be.

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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:12:57 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
| 
| ... some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 7) assert flatly that it won't work; assert that similar approaches
|    have been proposed and, broadly, "failed"; therefore so will SPF;
| 

Damian Conway: "if nothing you've tried so far has worked, try
something new."  SPF counts as new.  I have seen several people
criticize SPF as unworkable.  I invite them to propose a specific
alternative.  If they will not, then these people won't lead, and they
won't follow; they need to get out of the way.
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Subject: [Asrg] Re: SPF: Objections 1 and 2
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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:04:18 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
| 
| ...some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 1) get stuck trying to define spam, and because they can't define it,
|    claim that nobody else can either, and so cannot imagine how to
|    solve a problem they cannot frame;
| 
| 2) champion a personal definition of spam, and attack technical
|    solutions because those solutions do not match their definitions;

(1) and (2) are a problem of definition.  SPF avoids the quicksand of
definition entirely.  SPF is merely an *extension* of SMTP which
*closes a security hole*; it improves the veracity of sender addresses
among consenting hosts.  It also fights worms and viruses; it also
fights forgery.  Right now lots of our customers misconfigure their
home machines as pobox.com, and send bounce messages using From:
postmaster@pobox.com.  The double-bounces end up in my mailbox.  SPF
helps solve this problem also.  If SPF works against spam, what a
happy coincidence!
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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:18:34 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
| 
| ...some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 9) prefer a different approach;
| 

This is a perfectly respectable objection.  In this war on spam we can
use as many weapons as we can get.  We don't have to pick just one
solution; they can work together.  It's time to review the proposals
and unite behind the best ones.  If you evaluate the proposals along
the dimensions of scalability, backward-compatibility, transparency,
level of inconvenience to users, universal applicability,
implementation timeframe, and cost of new code and configuration, SPF
comes out near the head of the pack.

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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 16:33:47 +0200

On Sat, Jun 14, 2003 at 01:58:58AM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 13, 2003 at 05:54:55PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
> | 
> | It's not like spammers can't change their behavior, they often do, and
> | this one isn't even hard to change.
> 
> I agree; we must play good chess.  If SPF/DMP/RMX/... goes in, what do
> you think the spammers will do next?

spammers will switch back to empty envelope senders.
Then all people will start to block bounces.
This causes the eMail-system to become totally unreliable.

	\Maex

-- 
SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
"The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"
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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:11:35 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
| 
| ...some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 6) recognize that you can't make an omelette without breaking eggs;
|    but, fearing that theirs are the eggs to be broken, storm the kitchen;

This is a political problem, and will ultimately be answered by the
industry.  Damian Conway said today: "everything that brings joy also
brings pain."  The pain of a world where SMTP permits forgery,
anonymity, and spam is greater to me than the pain of a world where
SASL+SMTP+SPF require authenticated logins to home servers.  I expect
leading ISPs to act for the majority of their users, and I expect the
majority of the users to agree with me.  SPF tries to cushion the blow
to those with fragile eggs by providing the mechanism of Sender
Rewriting and by advocating SASL.

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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:07:03 -0400

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
| 
| ...some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 3) conclude that because technical solutions have not solved spam in
|    the past, they cannot possibly solve spam in the future; this is
|    the "spam is ultimately a social / economic / legal problem" camp;
| 
| 4) observe that no single solution is perfect, and fall into despair;

(3) is an objection unique to pessimists.  We technical types, being
professional practitioners of pessimism, must be especially wary.  We
have nothing to lose by trying a new approach.  Optimism in this case
is more productive than pessimism.  People who assert that technical
approaches won't work are sticking their necks out: the statement
can't be proven, only disproven.  What is the use of a newborn baby?

Let the social / economic / legal solutions proceed apace; we should
not abandon the technical track.

(4) is a problem for those who are both pessimists and perfectionists.
An 80% solution that works is better than a 100% solution that doesn't
exist.  Spam costs ISPs money; they are looking for answers today.

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To: asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: [Asrg] SPF: Summary of Objections
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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 12:01:58 -0400

On Sun, Jun 15, 2003 at 11:44:05AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
| 
| Agreed. The spam problem might never go away, but these changes can 
| gradually reduce the problem. 
| 

Most objections to SPF have come from people who

1) get stuck trying to define spam, and because they can't define it,
   claim that nobody else can either, and so cannot imagine how to
   solve a problem they cannot frame;

2) champion a personal definition of spam, and attack technical
   solutions because those solutions do not match their definitions;

3) conclude that because technical solutions have not solved spam in
   the past, they cannot possibly solve spam in the future; this is
   the "spam is ultimately a social / technical / legal problem" camp;

4) observe that no single solution is perfect, and fall into despair;

5) misunderstand some technical detail of SPF, and take up arms
   against a chimera;

6) recognize that you can't make an omelette without breaking eggs;
   but, fearing that theirs are the eggs to be broken, storm the kitchen;

7) assert flatly that it won't work; assert that similar approaches
   have been proposed and, broadly, "failed"; therefore so will SPF;

8) do not see beyond the short future that is explicitly described;

9) prefer a different approach;

10) or have a personal reason to see spam survive and grow.

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Subject: [Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 9
To: "Meng Weng Wong"  <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 21:51:43 +0100

> On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:

I don't know if this is just me but I find this thread (these threads)
confusing. Perhaps it might be better to stick to
a single subject... and/or a smaller number of longer posts,
rather than creating a new subject for every paragraph.


Also, I find multiple IDs in the References unhelpful.
(It's "discouraged" in RFC2822)

Or maybe I'm missing something.

Thanks anyway.

 




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I think Vernon said it best about this topic:

> As I've said before, I think that the price of admission to 
> this mailing list should include sufficient practical 
> knowledge of spam and spam defenses to not need to worry 
> about exposing one's address. Besides, anyone advocating 
> challenge-response, authentication, or any of several other 
> spam defenses and complains about spam as a result of address 
> exposure here or anywhere is either admitting practical 
> ignorance of the adovcated defense or saying that the 
> advocated defense is useless.
> 

Anyone with reasonable knowledge of spam knows that public dicussions
are common source of email addresses for spammers and this list, if any,
would be one that spammers would monitor extremely closely (btw, I
suspect that an email inquirty I recently received from someone in
Hungary was a spammer) as a source of knowledge of the research as well
as email addresses.

So I would definitely say that if you don't have good anti-spam
processes working, don't post. 




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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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> From: Paul Vixie <vixie@vix.com>

>  ...  therefore it's possible that your rant [about ASRG moderation]

That raises an issue that I think the IETF and IRTF and certainly the
ASRG moderator should consider.  All contributions that are rejected
by any moderators (including spam filters) of any IRTF or IETF mailing
lists must be archived and should be published on web pages somewhere.
Archiving is obviously critical for the defense of the moderators
against charges of unfairness, self-dealing, and so forth.  Publishing
the rejected contributions would go a long way toward defusing or even
refuting such charges with minimal embarrassment to those making them
and disruption of valuable IETF and IRTF activities.  There might be
some extreme contributions perhaps involving child pornography or
libel that could not be published, but those are surely rare and could
be dealt with individually.

I hope that all of the rejected contributions to the ASRG mailing list
have been archived.  Based on "courtesy" copies of messages that have
been sent to me, I suspect that publishing the messages rejected for
the ASRG list would be quite helpful.  Publishing them would do no
harm to the work of the mailing list.

The cycles of noise on the main IETF list about some other mailing
lists would be helped by this policy.  Besides squelching a lot of
the noise by making the moderation obviously justified, it might also
satisfy those who really want their words published.

An easy way to implement such a policy is to use the usual mailing
list software to create parallel "lists" which to not allow subscriptions
or contributions except from the moderator of the main list but that
has an open archive.  The moderator could send copies of any rejected
documents and any relevant coorespondence to the parallel "list."


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 7
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On June 16, 2003 at 12:12 mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com (Meng Weng Wong) wrote:
 > Damian Conway: "if nothing you've tried so far has worked, try
 > something new."  SPF counts as new.  I have seen several people
 > criticize SPF as unworkable.  I invite them to propose a specific
 > alternative.  If they will not, then these people won't lead, and they
 > won't follow; they need to get out of the way.

With all due respect (and it isn't much) you're heaping the bullshit
just a bit too high for my tastes.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 8
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On June 16, 2003 at 12:17 mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com (Meng Weng Wong) wrote:
 > I've already thought of one response; the "throwaway domain" scenario
 > is addressed in the FAQ at
 > 
 >   http://spf.pobox.com/faq.html#noprevent

Oh right this is the smarmy "brushing my teeth doesn't prevent
cavities" answer (along with several other, similar remarks) which
struck me more like the repartee' of a used car salesman than someone
who wishes to be taken seriously.

One problem, as I see it, are the ever increasing number of zomboid
thrall servers; PC's with viruses which turn them into spam delivery
slaves.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
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Alan,

Let me refine what I said: discussions on whether a given idea is
patentable or not, or whether a patent holder has a right to a given
patent, are not productive to this list because those questions are best
answered by those skilled in the art/science of patent filing.  With
that, my responses are:

> 
> "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:
> > I think those type of comments and questions about what is 
> patentable 
> > or not are unproductive to this list,
> 
>   Discussions of prior art for anti-spam patents should be 
> explicitely on-topic for this list.
> 

I agree.  

> > Unless you're a seasoned patent attorney, patent examiner, 
> or one that 
> > has submitted several patents and gone through the 
> examination process 
> > many times, all one can offer is something less than a "armchair 
> > quarterback" opinion that will typically lead to even more guessing 
> > and we'll end up getting excited over nothing.
> 
>   So people with experience in a technical field are 
> unqualified to discuss technology in their field, as soon as 
> the magic word "patent" appears.  

No. But techncal people do not have the knowledge to productively
discuss the legality and/or enforecability of a patent.

> However, people 
> knowledgable in the areas of patents are qualified to discuss 
> technology in *other* peoples fields, even when those 
> patent-people are manifestly untrained, and inexperienced in 
> those fields.
> 

No. Those skilled in patents can tell you about the patent but probably
can't describe the underlying technology that is contained within the
patent.

> > Asking technical people for their opinions on the patent process is 
> > like asking laypeople to comment on complex software architecture: 
> > you'll get comments that are completely out of scope and 
> wildly incorrect.
> 
>   Asking technical people for their opinions of the TECHNICAL 
> MERITS of patents is always appropriate.
> 

I agree. Technical merits, yes. Prior art, yes. Patent enforcability
and/or validity, probably not.

>   ASRG is attempting to resolve the consent exchange issue, 
> for email.  Patents which limit the available solutions 
> should be discussed.  Patents which have prior art should 
> also be discussed.


I agree. And add this: "discussions of whether a given patent is
enforceable or legitimate SHOULD not be discussed".

Peter


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From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Spammer responses to SPF
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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 15:04:47 -0700

At 04:33 PM 6/16/03 +0200, Markus Stumpf wrote:
>On Sat, Jun 14, 2003 at 01:58:58AM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
>> On Fri, Jun 13, 2003 at 05:54:55PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
>> | 
>> | It's not like spammers can't change their behavior, they often do, and
>> | this one isn't even hard to change.
>> 
>> I agree; we must play good chess.  If SPF/DMP/RMX/... goes in, what do
>> you think the spammers will do next?
>
>spammers will switch back to empty envelope senders.
>Then all people will start to block bounces.
>This causes the eMail-system to become totally unreliable.
>

[Note - this is an opinion piece with little or no hard data.]

I don't think so.  First, only people who don't understand what
empty envelope sender means will block them all.  
I'm guessing that's a majority of the end users,
but not a significant fraction of the people who make the
mail system work.
Spam with an empty envelope isn't ever going to be effective, 
since most will filter it out.  Also, more effective blocking
of "empties" that aren't DSNs is possible.  We just don't do it
(yet) because there isn't much call for it.   For example,
only accepting a standardized bounce (i.e. one following RFC 1894) 
would stop most of the spam but only a tiny fraction of the real DSNs.
The second round of this is spam that really looks like an RFC 1894 DSN.
That leads to DSNs including tokens from the original messages.
(identifiable message-ids)  I don't think there's
a third round - they can't go further, and the damage caused
is limited to that state.  So we lose some reliability
(because a few real DSNs will be discarded) but we'd still have
enough to keep the system mostly reliable.


Does that mean I think spammers won't use empty envelopes?

No.

"Spammers" is not a single entity.  It's possible that even single
spammers will try many different approaches, but certainly as
group, they will try almost everything they can think of.
Thus, they won't switch to empty envelopes, they'll do 
empty envelopes /as well/.  Or rather, some will do empty envelopes,
while some will continue to forge envelopes, and some will buy 
dozens of new domains to spam "from".

This may seem a trivial distinction, but I think it's important.
We aren't facing an enemy army, with a cohesive leadership, 
it's more like a thousand guerrillas.

Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>







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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] SPF: Summary of Objections
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Date: Mon, 16 Jun 2003 18:32:01 -0600 (MDT)

> Most objections to SPF have come from people who ...

I've seen seemingly endless talk recently about the characteristics
of people who don't like SPF and various bits of what I assume are
deep philosophies, but nothing about what SPF is.

In poking Google, I found http://spf.pobox.com/ 
From that page, I found this statement on the "executive summary" in
http://spf.pobox.com/execsumm.html

  SPF is not patent-encumbered.

As I understand such things, absolutely no one can flatly say that
anything is not patent-encumbered.  Submarine patents are always a worry
even after a professional patent search.  That page also says that SPF
is less than 2 weeks old.  How can anyone claim there are no existing
patents on SPF?  I thought a patent search required noticable real money
and far more time than a week or two.  Saying that SPF is unencumbered
sounds like an unconditional and unlimited offer of indemnification
should a patent surface.  Are you sure you want to assume what could
be many-multi-million dollar liability?

In plowing through the links on http://spf.pobox.com/ I find many
statements that seem obviously false to me.  For example, the
characterization "The Problem With STMP" seemss wrong at least about
the nature and history of SMTP.  And so on....

I looked at several of the links on http://spf.pobox.com/ without
gaining the faintest idea of what SPF is.  I found many assurances
that SPF will fix spam and that realsoonnow there will be a technical
specification, but few technical clues.

I did find http://spf.pobox.com/dns.html which seems to involve odd
notions of which characters are valid in DNS names and a reasonable
notion of names that are not already in use.  That page suggests (but
does not seem to come out and say) that SPF is a version of what Paul
Vixie wrote about years ago about Jim Miller's 1998 idea and what
others have written about since but with a few trivial tweaks such as
the use of TXT RRs.  If that is accurate, then SPF may be based on
the false notion that many (or any) major ISPs object or could be
forced to object to people sending mail ossensibly from their domain
names but via unrelated SMTP clients.

I also looked at 
    http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/analysis01.png
    http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/analysis01.txt
    http://dumbo.pobox.com/spam-sensor/
and found statistical jargon but little statistical analysis, lots
enthusiasm, and no technnical discussion about the nature of SPF.

See
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg04508.html
for Paul Vixie's old vers version, not because it is wonderful,
best, authoritative, final, or even particularly good, but only in
the hope of defusing some of the hype.


Ob.Philosophy: What is it about spam that brings out the passion to convince
  and convert?  Or maybe it's just that recent arrivals on the
  DDN Protocol Suite scene are not of the old school that believed
  the best and only interesting sales presentations involve technical 
  details and running code.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] SPF: Summary of Objections
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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 01:20:50 -0700

At 06:32 PM 6/16/03 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
[edited]
>I did find http://spf.pobox.com/dns.html which seems to involve odd
>notions of which characters are valid in DNS names and a reasonable
>notion of names that are not already in use.
>

(SPF was described in
 http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05360.html
 as RMX+DMP = SPF, though it does add the rDNS idea for dealing with
 domains that don't have a DMP record.)

There has been much debate about what characters can be in DNS.
'_' is allowed by the software.
The RFCs are less clear about what is allowed.
At one point, '/' was a legal character, then it wasn't, then it was again.
If anyone can provide a definitive answer I'd be very surprised,
as far as I know there isn't a consensus.

Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

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In-Reply-To:  <20030616161705.GG25291@dumbo.pobox.com>
Subject: [Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 8
To: "Meng Weng Wong"  <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 11:11:17 +0100

> On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:01:57PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> | 
> | ... some objections to SPF have come from people who
> | 
> | 8) do not see beyond the short future that is explicitly described;
> | 
> 
> 
> Of course spammers will react to SPF.  If you can think of specific
> actions they will take, let's discuss them.
> 
> I've already thought of one response; the "throwaway domain" scenario
> is addressed in the FAQ at
> 
>   http://spf.pobox.com/faq.html#noprevent


Doesn't this entire proposal tend to a blacklist?






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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 9
To: "Meng Weng Wong"  <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
Cc: "ASRG" <asrg@ietf.org>
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> did you get the messages in order or out of order?  the list has been

Out of order.

> really slow for me.  did you get the original "summary" page that
> listed all the objections?
> 

Yes... finally

> my reading of rfc2822 3.6.4 indicates that multiple references are
> discouraged only in the special case that a message has "multiple
> inheritance" from more than one thread.
> 

And if the message doesn't have multiple parents... why have multiple
references?

For what it's worth the order I got was:

23:09	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] Re: SPF: Objections 3 and 4
22:43	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] SPF: Summary of Objections
22:16	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 6
22:03	Meng Weng Wong 	Re: [Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 9
21:30	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 9
20:52	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 7
20:24	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 8
20:16	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] Re: SPF: Objections 1 and 2
20:02	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 5
19:33	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] SPF: Objection: spammers will use <>
18:40	Meng Weng Wong 	[Asrg] Re: SPF: Summary of Objections, erratum

I don't believe you can count on a "fine" ordering on a list like this.  


Regards,
jrk

 







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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 12:10:59 +0100

http://www.apig.org.uk/press_release13th_june_2003.htm

Is anyone (chair?) planning to put a written evidence into this?





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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: SPF: Objection 9
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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 07:35:10 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>

> ...
> I don't believe you can count on a "fine" ordering on a list like this.  

Yes, but it doesn't help when the messages are not received in
order by the exploder.  My guess is that order in 
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/maillist.html
is close to the order of the flurry of messages as they were received
by Mailman.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
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To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
Cc: Markus Stumpf <maex-lists-spam-ietf-asrg@space.net>,
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] SPF: Objection: spammers will use <>
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References: <20030612202450.1BC97DE41@dumbo.pobox.com> <16106.18479.22082.172583@world.std.com> <20030614055858.GB12997@dumbo.pobox.com> <20030616163347.B57133@Space.Net> <20030616162825.GF29227@dumbo.pobox.com>
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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 13:22:33 +0200

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:28:25PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> The original DMP I-D says, in the case of a blank envelope sender,
> test using the HELO domain instead of the envelope sender domain.

Wow ... how's the weather on your planet?
Out of 7394 connections on one of our mailservers that is closed to
customer access 6789 had non matching (the hostname) HELO arguments.

Most HELO arguments are pc01 and the like.
On our MX mailservers the ration is similar, but of course the are a lot
of spammers that fake them, but I intentionally made the test on a non
MX mailserver.

So you want to force about 90% of all mailserver administrators (most of
the clueless) to change the configuration of their mailserver? Have fun.

	\Maex

-- 
SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
"The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"
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> Most objections to SPF have come from people who

Note that this summary does not discuss technical concerns, but simply
attacks and dismisses those who raise objections.

Given that ASRG is intended to conduct technical discussion and that
that requires responding to technical concerns with serious, technical
answers, the main objection to SPF is that so far it is not a serious
technical effort.

If that ever changes, it might (or might not) be worth serious
consideration.  However the best path, for now, is to avoid feeding a
topic that is focused on dismissing criticism, rather than responding
to them seriously.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>

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From: "Clayton, Nik [IT]" <nik.clayton@citigroup.com>
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> http://www.apig.org.uk/press_release13th_june_2003.htm
> 
> Is anyone (chair?) planning to put a written evidence into this?

I'm trying to the appropriate clearance internally so that I can provide
information about our (Citigroup's) anti-spam infrastructure, costs, 
benefits, and experiences.

N
-- 
1        1         2         3         4         5         6         7    7
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0    5
                                                    -- The 75 column-ometer
Global Messaging,                 A: Top posting
120 Cheapside, x83331             Q: What's the most annoying e-mail habit?
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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        Alan DeKok
	 <aland@freeradius.org>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list 
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Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2003 11:47:01 -0700

On the contrary, prior art can be very useful if the patent is held by the
right party.

Most of the patents are actually in reasonably friendly hands. It is pretty
easy to get a royalty free license if the other party suspects that the
patent is not enforceable and has other more important business interests.

		Phill

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> Sent: Sunday, June 15, 2003 12:11 PM
> To: Alan DeKok; asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list 
> 
> 
> At 09:24 AM 6/15/2003 -0400, Alan DeKok wrote:
> 
> >"Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com> wrote:
> > > I think those type of comments and questions about what 
> is patentable or
> > > not are unproductive to this list,
> >
> >   Discussions of prior art for anti-spam patents should be 
> explicitely
> >on-topic for this list.
> 
> I was originally planning on tracking prior art from the list for the 
> document I am keeping. However, there is simply so much 
> information being 
> provided that I am rethinking the decision. However, I would 
> have to agree 
> with Alan about this: prior art discussions are practically 
> useless for 
> patents that have been already granted, since the group is 
> not planning on 
> using the prior art to challenge the patents. The only useful 
> utility that 
> may possible come from prior art is the determination of how 
> strong the 
> patent is - but then again we are not lawyers.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 
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To: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Spammer responses to SPF
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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 13:09:37 +0200

On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 03:04:47PM -0700, Scott Nelson wrote:
> I don't think so.  First, only people who don't understand what
> empty envelope sender means will block them all.  
> I'm guessing that's a majority of the end users,
> but not a significant fraction of the people who make the
> mail system work.

*lol*
Have you ever been on a MTA mailing list?
There are some ten messages a week "how can I block <> for MTA xyz".
I see about 30-40 each day that generate double bounces because "empty
senders are not allowed".

> Spam with an empty envelope isn't ever going to be effective, 
> since most will filter it out.  Also, more effective blocking
> of "empties" that aren't DSNs is possible.  We just don't do it
> (yet) because there isn't much call for it.   For example,
> only accepting a standardized bounce (i.e. one following RFC 1894) 
> would stop most of the spam but only a tiny fraction of the real DSNs.

How about all the "robots" or CR systems that send their mails with
empty envelope senders, because they don't want an answer if the
challenge was faked. How about all the autoresponders?
There are lots of valid emails with empty envelopes.

> is limited to that state.  So we lose some reliability
> (because a few real DSNs will be discarded) but we'd still have
> enough to keep the system mostly reliable.

Sorry, I don't think it's reliable if bounces get lost. Just like
discarding spam qualified emails automatically is .. hmmm .. unwise,
because if it's a false classification the sender has no chance to get
informed what happend. At times where email is considered a trustworthy
medium this is unacceptable.

> This may seem a trivial distinction, but I think it's important.
> We aren't facing an enemy army, with a cohesive leadership, 
> it's more like a thousand guerrillas.

And I surely don't stop aguing that a TXT record with the contents
"MAILSERVER" in reverse DNS would be much faster and easier deployed
and effective than RMX or companions. And it would save us from
accepting email from all the broken workstations, homecomputers, open
proxies and virus infected hosts that never had been intended to be a
mailserver.

And I yet have to see that RMX or companions save us from the problem
to order some hundred 9nerauhi3250780asd.com type domains, use short
TTLs (5-10 seconds) and add RMX records for the open relays that are
abused right now. The next thing surely will be that TTLs < 86400 for
RMX records are forbidden ...

Yeah I know, reverse DNS is lame.

	\Maex

-- 
SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
"The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"
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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <gep2@terabites.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 12:28:09 -0400
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Gordon Peterson wrote:

> A recipient should be able to create a specific-permission 
> "whitelist" which lists the senders (by E-mail address) to 
> which they wish to assign "special" privileges.
	Personally, I believe that this kind of approach will be much
more likely to result in useful throttling of spam. It addresses the
issue of "consent" that is supposed to be the focus of this research
group and has the excellent benefit of being an approach that can be
adopted by individuals without requiring changes to the existing
infrastructure. 
	I view the problem of "consent" as one similar to that of
"licensing" or "authorization." Basically, what you want to do is grant
different levels of privilege to people who might attempt to access your
inbox. This can be done either be creating an explicit whitelist which
is checked when mail arrives, or by providing a "license to send" to a
sender which would be a digital certificate detailing their rights and
could be attached to mail as it travels through the network. 

> [SPF, RMX and other DNS based approaches] comes at a high
> (perhaps unreasonably high) cost to many types of users who 
> for legitimate reasons sometimes post from atypical locations
	The supporters of SPF, RMX, and other similar approaches appear
to be well aware of these concerns yet they also appear to be relatively
unmoved by them. The response to this concern is to say simply that
users at "atypical locations" should be compelled to use SMTP
authentication or some other means to access their normal mail servers
even when at distant locations. I think that the belief that SMTP
authentication is a reasonable alternative is a bit humorous... The
assumption is that connectivity exists between the sending client and
the users SMTP server. Admittedly, these days, with a much improved
network infrastructure, this is often the case -- unlike in the old days
when connectivity was *never* assumed. However, even today, connectivity
cannot always be guaranteed. For instance, in the last few years, I have
often found myself in places like India where from time to time it can
be almost impossible to connect to a New York based SMTP server...
	If we end up adopting approaches that require connectivity to a
"home" server, I'm afraid that we're going to have to define some
additional protocol that will allow a mail to be submitted at one
server, then forwarded to a home server for authentication and
processing processing simply so that we can get the headers properly
written. This "deferred authentication" process would be cumbersome,
error-prone and would probably rely on PKI technologies. Not pleasant...


> Gordon Peterson, live in Dallas.  I've been active in 
> computer E-mail and networking longer than most
	It's good to see an old-timer on the list... I've only been on
the net since 1979 and so appreciate the contributions of you old
folk...

		bob wyman


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> ...Now, about whitelists.
Setting the parameters for what's acceptable from whom, sure, I'm all for that.
And whitelists are good as a pre-filter filter for assuring that mail 
that must be delivered gets through, and whitelists improve over time.

> The hard part is not defining what such a list might look like 
(though I would suggest that standard MIME types be the determinant)

> The hard part is the maintenance of the list, and then dealing with 
the problem that senders are not authenticated. The issue gets stuck 
on this, and nobody's talking to it. 

Actually, that's very much a part of what I wrote about... and I suspect you 
didn't read my proposal very thoroughly (or else you just didn't understand it).

The point being that spam is at least 3-5x bulkier, FAR more difficult to 
identify, and far more dangerous, if it can incorporate (1) HTML, (including 
clickable hotlinks, images, scripting, and so forth), (2) attachments (virtually 
all worms and viruses are based on attachments), and (3) base64 or other 
encoding.  By restricting all of those features BY DEFAULT, there's only a 
relatively small number of senders for any given recipient who can send them 
mail containing those things.

UNSOLICITED MAIL (and yes, we ALL get that, and many times we WANT to get it... 
e.g. new prospective clients, consumer feedback, etc etc) basically NEVER needs 
to contain those things.

> The easiest rule is that anyone I've written to, can write to me. 

Please note that my proposal is WAY different than what you seem to be thinking 
it is.

   1)  I *absolutely* do NOT give carte blanche send permissions to just anybody 
that I've written to;  most of my correspondents do NOT _need_ to send HTML, 
attachments, or encoded text message bodies (and fewer still need to send me ALL 
of those);

   2)  The stated intention of my permissions list approach is NOT to PREVENT 
all conceivable spam.  Plain ASCII text spam containing no attachments will 
still get through my approach just fine.  But the stuff getting through from 
unknown and/or unauthorized senders will:

      a) be [typically MUCH] smaller than HTML-burdened spam, or spam with 
attachments or encoding;

      b) not contain links and URLs which purport to be one thing but actually 
point somewhere else;
   
      c) not contain text-in-GIF/JPG format or scripts or other such "obscured" 
content that flummoxes content filters

      d) not contain attachments containing worms/viruses/etc.

> But beyond that it gets very messy. 
Simplest example: I hear from a LOT of people I don't know at all, 
who are writing for absolutely legitimate reasons. 

Absolutely... a good example would be mail coming to 
CustomerRelations@whatever.com... you ABSOLUTELY don't anticipate who will write 
to you if you deal with large numbers of consumers at large.

> Counter example: 
The new e-mail worms pull sender and recipient addresses from the 
same address book... my friends have received such things "from me", 
(that I of course didn't send). 

Absolutely.  But note that those recipients that such worms pull from your 
address book are STILL of no use to the worm UNLESS you are authorized [by 
them!] to send those people HTML, attachments, or encoded body text... and if 
you're like most senders, you don't need to send that stuff to most (maybe even 
ALL) of the people you write to.  This means that statistically, it's much less 
of a "sure thing" for the worm... maybe [hopefully!] to the point that the 
success/survival rate for such programs falls below 'critical mass' for 
meaningful propagation.

> A whitelist would have passed them right through in every case where the names 
intersected, 

That's precisely NOT the case using my "permissions" approach, and your 
statement shows why I don't think you understood the implications of what I'm 
proposing.

> and the odds of that, for any two names in a given address book, are probably 
pretty high... much higher than chance, anyway!

With my concept, if you're not a sender of HTML/attachments/encoding to your 
recipients (and presuming that they don't turn those features on for senders not 
requiring them), then *none* of the names in your address book would be 
productive... not to a spammer forging your "from" address, and not to a worm or 
virus attempting to send itself (ActiveX/scripting/attachments/etc) to addresses 
pulled from your address book.  NONE of those, sent either from YOUR system OR 
from some open relay, would end up being delivered.

Again, it IS true that sending plain ASCII text spam would still go through... 
but with those restrictions, spam is far less pernicious and dangerous, and FAR 
easier for content filters like SpamAssassin to identify and deal with.  
Together, I think we'd nail the great majority of it.

[And... it's not maybe necessary to prevent ALL of it... if the statistical 
'success rate' of spamming drops low 'enough' then maybe spammers will find it 
simply not worth it.]

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.


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> Most objections to SPF have come from people who

Note that this summary does not discuss technical concerns, but simply
attacks and dismisses those who raise objections.

Given that ASRG is intended to conduct technical discussion and that
that requires responding to technical concerns with serious, technical
answers, the main objection to SPF is that so far it is not a serious
technical effort.

If that ever changes, it might (or might not) be worth serious
consideration.  However the best path, for now, is to avoid feeding a
topic that is focused on dismissing criticism, rather than responding
to them seriously.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>


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>> A recipient should be able to create a specific-permission 
> "whitelist" which lists the senders (by E-mail address) to 
> which they wish to assign "special" privileges.

>	Personally, I believe that this kind of approach will be much
more likely to result in useful throttling of spam. 

Thanks!  Obviously, I agree.

In particular, when you actually look at the spam (and viruses, and worms) going 
through the Net, the *great* majority of it is pernicious (and hard to filter) 
due to various tricks generally exploiting HTML, encoded text, and attachments.

It's notable, I think, that very little LEGITIMATE E-mail content (and 
relatively few senders) need to send E-mail containing those types of content.

In my case, I would probably enable less than 10-15% of my correspondents to 
send me that type of stuff.

Once spammers realize that sending HTML of any kind is the "kiss of death" 
regarding deliverability of their crap, they'll either stop using it or else at 
least they'll cease to be much of a problem for recipients whose ISP uses a 
"permissions system" like I'm proposing.

And once these key "obscuring/cloaking" technologies are denied to spammers, 
stuff like SpamAssassin or other content filters ought to pretty readily quash 
much of the remainder.

Remember, we don't have to eliminate ALL spam.  We only need to reduce its 
viability below the break-even point where it's profitable and thus appealing to 
would-be spammers.  Then they'll simply go off and do some other line of work 
instead...

And note that it's not just spam that my approach puts a major dent in... it 
also puts a major crimp in viruses and worms, too, since nearly all of those 
depend either on HTML and/or attachments.  Those types of E-mails (from unknown 
senders) would ALL be t-canned, and even stuff like that from KNOWN senders 
would _usually_ be t-canned... making these nuisances FAR less virulent.

> It addresses the
issue of "consent" that is supposed to be the focus of this research
group and has the excellent benefit of being an approach that can be
adopted by individuals without requiring changes to the existing
infrastructure. 

Absolutely.  No global consensus is required, no global re-engineering of the 
DNS or E-mail or other systems.  It is implementable incrementally on as little 
as a single-ISP basis (even on a single-RECIPIENT basis, for that matter) and 
the benefits to those thus protected would be felt IMMEDIATELY.

Even those who are NOT directly protected by such a permissions-based system 
would still benefit once spammers wise up and stop using HTML or attachments for 
their outgoing junk.

>	I view the problem of "consent" as one similar to that of
"licensing" or "authorization." Basically, what you want to do is grant
different levels of privilege to people who might attempt to access your
inbox. 

Exactly.  But (and this is important) I don't think you must (or should!) tell 
users what their privilege level might be.  (For example, I don't want spammers 
going through their list of harvested addresses and querying to find out which 
ones allow them (*or, for that matter, certain well-known and widely used sender 
addresses*!) to send that recipient HTML or attachments...)

I think it's better for those things to simply disappear down a black hole 
without a trace (at least not visible to anybody other than, perhaps, the 
intended recipient...)

> This can be done either be creating an explicit whitelist which
is checked when mail arrives, or by providing a "license to send" to a
sender which would be a digital certificate detailing their rights and
could be attached to mail as it travels through the network. 

I don't think that senders ought to be told what their permissions level is.  
They should simply send ALL mail in the compact, non-HTML-burdened format since 
that format WOULD get through permissions-based approaches like mine.  Those who 
absolutely need to send HTML, attachments, or encoded text simply must arrange 
in advance with their intended recipients to enable such receipt from that 
sender.

>> [SPF, RMX and other DNS based approaches] comes at a high
> (perhaps unreasonably high) cost to many types of users who 
> for legitimate reasons sometimes post from atypical locations

>	The supporters of SPF, RMX, and other similar approaches appear
to be well aware of these concerns yet they also appear to be relatively
unmoved by them. 

Absolutely, and that alarms me too.  They seem to want to press forward, even 
knowing upfront that their approach leads to a brick wall down the path for many 
legitimate users.

> The response to this concern is to say simply that
users at "atypical locations" should be compelled to use SMTP
authentication or some other means to access their normal mail servers
even when at distant locations. 

That's simply not an option for users sending mail from kiosks at airport 
waiting lounges, public access terminals at public libraries, or at Internet 
cafes (including, for example, those onboard cruise ships).  

The other problem with the whole spf-type thing is that (despite the costs and 
problems) it REALLY doesn't do much in the end to solve the spam problem.  It 
complicates the entire global DNS and E-mail systems and doesn't really prevent 
the sending of spam (nor does it do much to solve the bandwidth or obscuring 
techniques that spammers use).  It only "qualifies" the sender, and in fact it 
doesn't even really do that (since again, it would "approve" spammers as long as 
they counterfeited an address from any other sender of their same (possibly 
HUGE!) domain...).  Even basing it on a SINGLE ISP wouldn't correctly identify a 
fraudulent sender if (for instance) they saw a user sending from a public 
library Internet terminal (with SPF authorization), then sat down at the same 
terminal and fraudulently used the same "from" address from the exact same IP 
address.  (Sorta the same reason why cookies are such a braindead way to try to 
track Web site permissions and usage...)

> I think that the belief that SMTP
authentication is a reasonable alternative is a bit humorous... The
assumption is that connectivity exists between the sending client and
the users SMTP server. 

It MIGHT, but it certainly doesn't always.  Some ISPs, in particular, simply 
don't allow their users to connect to any off-local-net SMTP servers.  Even if 
they COULD connect, it's NOT true that users at public-access terminals have 
much[/any!] choice of how those E-mail client softwares are configured, or what 
SMTP server they'll use.

> Admittedly, these days, with a much improved
network infrastructure, this is often the case -- unlike in the old days
when connectivity was *never* assumed. However, even today, connectivity
cannot always be guaranteed. 

Good example would be onboard a cruise ship or drilling rig or something where 
(at about $7-10/minute) they cannot be assumed to have 24/7 connectivity.  ;-)

> For instance, in the last few years, I have
often found myself in places like India where from time to time it can
be almost impossible to connect to a New York based SMTP server...

Same was true when about a year and a half ago I spent a week in Beijing.  And 
you can FORGET about trying to ask the local admin (there, folks at the post 
office where the Internet terminals were located) to set up a special 
alternative mail server setup for you.  It's hard enough given the language and 
habit barriers to just get your keyboard back to English.  :-)

>	If we end up adopting approaches that require connectivity to a
"home" server, I'm afraid that we're going to have to define some
additional protocol that will allow a mail to be submitted at one
server, then forwarded to a home server for authentication and
processing processing simply so that we can get the headers properly
written. This "deferred authentication" process would be cumbersome,
error-prone and would probably rely on PKI technologies. Not pleasant...

I think we can make something that's VERY much simpler, and still quite 
successful enough to push the viability rate for spamming (maybe even viruses 
and worms) below the threshhold where it is an appealing method for abusers.

>> Gordon Peterson, live in Dallas.  I've been active in 
> computer E-mail and networking longer than most

>	It's good to see an old-timer on the list... I've only been on
the net since 1979 and so appreciate the contributions of you old
folk...

Thanks :-)  although you were one of the earlier adopters yourself, from the 
sounds of things.  :-))

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] UK public inquiry on spam
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At 12:10 PM 6/17/2003 +0100, Jon Kyme wrote:

>http://www.apig.org.uk/press_release13th_june_2003.htm
>
>Is anyone (chair?) planning to put a written evidence into this?

"To launch its work on spam, APIG is hosting a "Spam Summit" in Westminster 
on 1st July 2003. Due to limited space, attendance at the Summit will be by 
invitation only. For further information on the Spam Summit please email 
spamsummit@gbc.co.uk"


"Written evidence should be submitted to inquiry@apig.org.uk by 25th June 
2003. APIG may, at its discretion, ask for oral evidence from witnesses on 
3rd July and 10th

July at the House of Commons. The inquiry's report is expected to be 
published in the autumn."  


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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 11:11:19 -0700

At 01:09 PM 6/17/03 +0200, Markus Stumpf wrote:
[heavily edited]
>And I surely don't stop aguing that a TXT record with the contents
>"MAILSERVER" in reverse DNS would be much faster and easier deployed
>and effective than RMX or companions. And it would save us from
>accepting email from all the broken workstations, homecomputers, open
>proxies and virus infected hosts that never had been intended to be a
>mailserver.
>
...
>Yeah I know, reverse DNS is lame.
>

Maybe, but it still might be the best alternative.

I'm assuming when you say "in reverse DNS" you mean look up 
<reverse-IP>.in-addr.arpa get the TXT record for that A record, 
and check if it's "MAILSERVER".

If so, then it doesn't address the same problem that RMX/SPF/DMP 
et al addresses.  Not that that's bad, just an observation.

I think I'd go a little further and have the record say
"MAILSERVER=YES" or "MAILSERVER=NO". 
A tiny bit more information, and RFC 1464 compliance.

Seems to me that it until very wide adoption occurred, 
it would only be useful for identifying IPs that may send mail,
and no good for identifying IPs that can't.

Does anybody currently maintain a white list of IPs that are 
outbound mail servers?
Combining the two might make a very good system.


>And I yet have to see that RMX or companions save us from the problem
>to order some hundred 9nerauhi3250780asd.com type domains, use short
>TTLs (5-10 seconds) and add RMX records for the open relays that are
>abused right now. The next thing surely will be that TTLs < 86400 for
>RMX records are forbidden ...
>

Yep, RMX isn't a be all, end all solution.
It only addresses the problem of forgery, 
and not as well as other alternatives IMO.


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 13:29:13 -0500

On Tue, Jun 17, 2003 at 01:09:37PM +0200, Markus Stumpf wrote:
	.
	.
	.
> And I surely don't stop aguing that a TXT record with the contents
> "MAILSERVER" in reverse DNS would be much faster and easier deployed
> and effective than RMX or companions. And it would save us from
> accepting email from all the broken workstations, homecomputers, open
> proxies and virus infected hosts that never had been intended to be a
> mailserver.

Amen!  This is similar to what we'd like to see.  We are presently
requiring reverse DNS for IP addresses of MTA's which connect to our MX
(with exceptions, which are dwindling).  This has nothing to do with the
MAIL FROM domain, it simply means that if you connect to us, your IP address
must have a name, and that name must map back to your IP address.  What you
suggest above is exactly the sort of next step we're looking for; namely,
a DNS RR which tells the world that a particular host name has been designated
as an MTA (outgoing at least).  I would suggest something like:

myhost.mydomain.com.	MTA	"abuse@mydomain.com"

This also requires you to specify an abuse address for that MTA.
Since this does introduce another RR, a TXT record could be recognized as well:

myhost.mydomain.com.	TXT	"MTA:abuse@mydomain.com"

Unlike other proposals, this one does not relate the MAIL FROM domain with
the connecting IP or the HELO line.  It simply states that the host name in
question is in fact intended to be an MTA.

Reverse DNS, when applied to vast portions of the Internet, has allowed us
to cut down on spam signifigantly.  The key to implementing this for us was
the ability to include a URL in SMTP 550 error messages directing the user
to a web site explaining why they were blocked and how to resolve.

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 13:21:39 -0600 (MDT)

> From: gep2@terabites.com

> ...
> The point being that spam is at least 3-5x bulkier, FAR more difficult to 
> identify, and far more dangerous, if it can incorporate (1) HTML, (including 
> clickable hotlinks, images, scripting, and so forth), (2) attachments (virtually 
> all worms and viruses are based on attachments), and (3) base64 or other 
> encoding. ...

I can sympathize with (1 and can almost agree with (2), but (3) is
wrong.  Base64 and quoted-printable encoding do not increase the
size of mail by much.  They themselves carry no risks of nasty
content.  Finally, they provide no cover for the nasty stuff except
from naive, simplistic, and broken-by design filters and other
defenses.  All reasonable filters decode Base64, Quoted-Printable,
and even HTML &-numeric and &-name character references.  %-decoding
is also straightforward and on its way to being de facto standard
for filters that are not practically useless toys.


> relatively small number of senders for any given recipient who can send them 
> mail containing those things. ...

If not today then soon most users of email have only the alternatives
of receiving mail in languages and character sets they don't understand
or receiving mail encoded with Base64 or quoted-printable mail.

That I use a 20 year-old MUA that cannot encode Base64 or QP at all,
cannot decode QP at all, and cannot really decode Base64, and that I
receive legitimate encoded mail about once a month is irrelevant.
That I must start special systems and copy files among them to send
encoded documents that other people demand matters to no one except
me.  My situation and preferences and the situations and preferences
of old farts like me are irrelevant to the vast majority of users
and so irrelevant here.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Tue, 17 Jun 2003 16:45:18 -0500
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I'm going to combine responses to several related posts from the last digest.

> ...SPF avoids the quicksand of
definition entirely.  SPF is merely an *extension* of SMTP which
*closes a security hole*; 

Well, I think that "closes" is rather misleading.  It shrinks it, but doesn't 
really close it in any positive, meaningful way.  If it really were the single, 
unobstructive 'silver bullet' that everyone seems to want, its numerous problems 
might be more tolerable.

> it improves the veracity of sender addresses among consenting hosts.  

"Improves", yes, but not by ENOUGH that globally one can act in a positive way 
on the conclusion.  Yes, it can indicate that a given message, IF it comes from 
the indicated sender, was sent from an 'atypical' originating domain for that 
sender.  The problem is that that could happen QUITE LEGITIMATELY.  Also, the 
fact that a forging spammer could with TOTAL impunity still impersonate the 
victimized From: address, as long as they're able to send from within the same 
range of IP addresses (which is fairly easy if it's a big ISP domain, like 
"swbell.net", which might have literally millions of subscribers and IP 
addresses).  Similarly, spam from legitimate (but throwaway) E-mail accounts is 
likewise unaffected... yeah, the sender is exactly who they say they are, 
"bogus@freeisp.com".  And they really do reside at 123 Nosuch Street, I'm 
sure...

> It also fights worms and viruses; 

No, it really doesn't.  As long as they are sent from "legitimate" senders and 
through their configured SMTP servers, they'll go out just fine.

> ...it also fights forgery.  

It DOES detect (but not eliminate) many (but not all) kinds of forgeries.  
Unfortunately, that comes at the cost of hugely inconveniencing (or making it 
impossible) for many legitimate, honest E-mail users to continue using their 
Internet services the way they always have been able to do.  Because of that 
simple fact, it's not clear that 'detecting' a possible/likely From: address 
forgery (according to spf) allows an ISP to really do much about that.

> Right now lots of our customers misconfigure their
home machines as pobox.com, and send bounce messages using From:
postmaster@pobox.com.  The double-bounces end up in my mailbox.  SPF
helps solve this problem also.  If SPF works against spam, what a
happy coincidence!

>| ...some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 3) conclude that because technical solutions have not solved spam in
|    the past, they cannot possibly solve spam in the future; this is
|    the "spam is ultimately a social / economic / legal problem" camp;
| 
| 4) observe that no single solution is perfect, and fall into despair;

> (3) is an objection unique to pessimists.  We technical types, being
professional practitioners of pessimism, must be especially wary.  We
have nothing to lose by trying a new approach.  

If that were true, then testing the approach would make more sense.  
Unfortunately, there are a number of problems I foresee that SPF does not 
address or resolve.  Meanwhile, it ignores the legitimate if inconvenient needs 
and requirements of a fair number of honest/legitimate users.  The (potentially 
large) costs to those ignored users don't seem to concern the spf folks very 
much.

> Optimism in this case is more productive than pessimism.  

Optimism is fine when there are no visible, obvious problems with a given 
approach.  When there ARE problems that are plainly obvious in advance, then 
forging ahead regardless smacks less of "optimism" and more of "denial".

> (4) is a problem for those who are both pessimists and perfectionists.
An 80% solution that works is better than a 100% solution that doesn't
exist.  

I certainly agree.  The "permissions" system I propose doesn't purport to 
eliminate spam;  what it DOES do is to block a LARGE percentage of it, to make 
the stuff that DOES get through smaller and less costly, and easier for content 
filters like SpamAssassin to deal with.  What's more, my approach is 
incrementally and independently implementable at the individual ISP level (or 
even, with less benefit, at the individual end user level!) and doesn't require 
reaching any kind of global technology consensus or re-engineering of basic 
Internet systems architecture in order to achieve HUGE and immediate, direct 
benefits.

> Spam costs ISPs money; they are looking for answers today.

Absolutely.  Another reason why spf, IMHO, is NOT the answer.

>  Forwarding systems and kiosks can
easily achieve SPF compliance by using a sender rewriting scheme
(SRS); I am developing a simple I-D to describe one possible SRS.

Yes, but the mere fact that you're expecting EVERY sender WORLDWIDE to change 
their systems to comply with your suggested standard, to me, is pretty 
outrageous.  It's just NOT likely to happen.

> ...The pain of a world where SMTP permits forgery,
anonymity, and spam is greater to me than the pain of a world where
SASL+SMTP+SPF require authenticated logins to home servers.  

Yes, but the notable part of your contention is "to ME" [emphasis mine].  
Unfortunately, you don't seem to take the legitimate needs of users into much 
account where other people's answer to that question might be different.

> I expect leading ISPs to act for the majority of their users, 

Depends entirely on what the agreements are that they have with their users.  
For them to make a voluntary change which blows some (even small) percentage of 
those (legitimate, honest, reasonable) users out of the water could represent 
"breach of contract" and subject the ISP to legal liability.

> ...and I expect the majority of the users to agree with me.  

Individual rights, to be meaningful, doesn't just mean the right to take 
popular, majority positions.  The right to free speech doesn't mean much if it 
only means you have the right to say stuff that nobody else finds objectionable.

Now, I am *not* saying that spammers have the unassailable right to shovel their 
fraudulent, misrepresented, and sometimes lurid garbage indiscriminately into 
the E-mail inboxes of children, or even other adults.  But one CAN'T just ignore 
the needs and legitimate rights of minorities.

> SPF tries to cushion the blow to those with fragile eggs by providing the 
mechanism of Sender Rewriting and by advocating SASL.

For spf to be "mostly useful", it must be adhered to by a large percentage of 
ISPs worldwide.  Frankly, I don't honestly expect to see that happen.

> Damian Conway: "if nothing you've tried so far has worked, try
something new."  SPF counts as new.  

So do any of a number of other ideas, some of which seem to have a much lower 
cost and a much higher probability of immediate payback... and which don't have 
a visible brick wall a little further down the path.

> I have seen several people criticize SPF as unworkable.  

I don't accuse SPF as being "unworkable".  I do however feel that it is 
logistically improbable, doesn't really solve the problems it's purported to 
solve, and may create more problems (and problems even more intractable, 
perhaps) than those it DOES solve.

> I invite them to propose a specific alternative.  

I have done exactly that.  My problem attacks the spam/virus/worm problems from 
a different perspective, but is more readily implementable and comes at 
essentially ZERO cost or inconvenience for the GREAT majority of legitimate 
E-mail users... (those who send plain ASCII text E-mails, without 
HTML-burdening, attachments, or encoded text).  It allows receipt of unexpected 
E-mails from previously unknown correspondents, but forces those to be in a more 
compact and efficient form that is readily processed by better-conceived content 
filters.

Note that my proposed solution would block the majority of today's spam, shrink 
the average size of tomorrow's spam, improve the effectiveness and efficiency of 
content filters, and would almost totally eliminate virus and worm and trojan 
threats for the great majority of users.  And it would do that with almost no 
impact on most E-mail users... and without requiring ANY global technological 
consensus.

> If they will not, then these people won't lead, and they
won't follow; they need to get out of the way.

Hopefully you won't try to put me into that class.  :-)

> I've already thought of one response; the "throwaway domain" scenario
is addressed in the FAQ at

>  http://spf.pobox.com/faq.html#noprevent

Addresses those points, yes.... unfortunately though there are a LOT of holes 
and glib presumptions in those "answers" that just don't hold much water in the 
end analysis.

>| ...some objections to SPF have come from people who
| 
| 9) prefer a different approach;
| 

> This is a perfectly respectable objection.  In this war on spam we can
use as many weapons as we can get.  

SPF actually does relatively little to prevent or dissuade spam.  Unfortunately, 
it is FAR more effective at preventing (even legitimately) anonymized E-mail... 
such as E-mails dealing with politically, professionally, or personally 
sensitive subjects (e.g. "whistle blowing" or commentary from within a 
repressive regime).

> We don't have to pick just one solution; they can work together.  

On that point we very much agree.  I see my sender/recipient permissions list as 
working hand-in-hand with content filters such as SpamAsssassin to produce a 
HUGE reduction in spam/virus/worm/trojan message volume, bulk, bandwidth, and 
fraud/mischief potential.

> It's time to review the proposals and unite behind the best ones.  

That suggests an either/or approach, and the desire at some point to stop 
listening to new approaches and ideas.  I don't think that's a good plan.

> If you evaluate the proposals along the dimensions of scalability, 
backward-compatibility, transparency, level of inconvenience to users, universal 
applicability, implementation timeframe, and cost of new code and configuration, 
SPF comes out near the head of the pack.

I disagree.

I find that SPF requires a global concurrence that we're unlikely to achieve.

SPF expects that eventually nearly all MTAs will become spf-compliant;  those 
that do not comply end up being a sore, sticking point essentially forever.

SPF blows some users depending on personal domains straight out of the water.

SPF creates major problems for public-access E-mail terminals (kiosks, internet 
cafes, cruise ships, airport waiting lounges, etc).

While SPF offers some evidence of possible/likely forged domain, basically NONE 
of the results it gives are 100% sure.  The existence of ONE noncompliant MTA 
(or open mail relay) within a large domain (say swbell.net) means that anyone 
using that domain for outgoing E-mail can impersonate any other sender with an 
address within that domain, and SPF will indicate that (as far as it's 
concerned) the From: address is perhaps[/likely] not forged.

Even if ISPs concur on SPF essentials, it would take YEARS to achieve widespread 
compliance (and even then, the spam problem still isn't really solved).

> One problem, as I see it, are the ever increasing number of zomboid
thrall servers; PC's with viruses which turn them into spam delivery
slaves.

To begin with, there are all manner of potential "denial of service attacks" and 
not all of them involve E-mail or spam.  That said, blocking E-mails containing 
scripting, ActiveX, HTML, and attachments from anyone not AUTHORIZED 
SPECIFICALLY to send such stuff to a given recipient will go a LONG way towards 
reducing the ability so sneak such stuff into an unwary user's machine.

> "Spammers" is not a single entity.  It's possible that even single
spammers will try many different approaches, but certainly as
group, they will try almost everything they can think of.
Thus, they won't switch to empty envelopes, they'll do 
empty envelopes /as well/.  Or rather, some will do empty envelopes,
while some will continue to forge envelopes, and some will buy 
dozens of new domains to spam "from".

If those new domains are unable to get HTML-burdened E-mail, or attachments, or 
image/hypertext links, or scripting, or encoded text, through to users... then 
their ability to deceive and defraud while cloaking their actions are SEVERELY 
damaged.  Cleaning up the residual using content filters ought to mop up a 
sizeable percentage of whatever is left.

> I've seen seemingly endless talk recently about the characteristics
of people who don't like SPF and various bits of what I assume are
deep philosophies, but nothing about what SPF is.

Essentially, SPF is a way using DNS to allow a MTA to query for a given E-mail 
(sender) address to find out which IP addresses that E-mail address is 
"authorized" to send from.  The idea is to detect obvious (the most egregious, 
anyhow) cases of From: address forgeries.  What one can actually DO with that 
information, once determined, is a lot less obvious than might originally 
appear.

> ...SPF may be based on
the false notion that many (or any) major ISPs object or could be
forced to object to people sending mail ossensibly from their domain
names but via unrelated SMTP clients.

And that, indeed, is one of the big problems (IMHO) with SPF.

>> Spam with an empty envelope isn't ever going to be effective, 
> since most will filter it out.  

My "permissions" approach would (by default) t-can any incoming E-mail with a 
blank sender, IF it contained HTML, scripting, attachments, or encoding... 
although the individual recipient could easily set a "blank sender" to allow 
those IF they wanted to allow it.

> How about all the "robots" or CR systems that send their mails with
empty envelope senders, because they don't want an answer if the
challenge was faked. How about all the autoresponders?
There are lots of valid emails with empty envelopes.

Sure, but vanishingly small numbers of those advisories need to send HTML or 
attachments.

> Sorry, I don't think it's reliable if bounces get lost. Just like
discarding spam qualified emails automatically is .. hmmm .. unwise,
because if it's a false classification the sender has no chance to get
informed what happend. At times where email is considered a trustworthy
medium this is unacceptable.

Note that the rules for discarding HTML, attachments, and encoding as proposed 
in my permission-list system are at least intended to be unequivocal and don't 
require statistical interpretation.  Unknown mail senders sending attachments or 
HTML or encoded text bodies are refused/bounced/trashed, period.

I agree fully that content filters like SpamAssassin can occasionally generate 
false positives, so those SHOULD use a different, and more auditable, mechanism 
(possibly redirecting such suspect messages to screenname-spam@userdomain.com or 
some such.)

> So you want to force about 90% of all mailserver administrators (most of
the clueless) to change the configuration of their mailserver? Have fun.

Exactly... A lot of these folks are not going to make these changes, or will 
make them wrong.  I like approaches much better that don't require global 
change, or global consensus.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: [Asrg] Increase in spoofed spam using bogus sender
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I have seen a rather dramatic increase in the amount of spam coming from
spoofed senders using bogus email addresses.  About 3% of the total email
(including valid email) that makes it through our front-line that filters
out bogus-domains..HELO..whatever winds up getting filtered due to a bogus
sender based upon an SMTP reject from the challenge message.

I'm wondering if the increased threat of litgation by companies such as
Microsoft, AOl, Yahoo...are forcing spammers to further anonymize
themselves.


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> We are presently
requiring reverse DNS for IP addresses of MTA's which connect to our MX
(with exceptions, which are dwindling).  This has nothing to do with the
MAIL FROM domain, it simply means that if you connect to us, your IP address
must have a name, and that name must map back to your IP address.  What you
suggest above is exactly the sort of next step we're looking for; namely,
a DNS RR which tells the world that a particular host name has been designated
as an MTA (outgoing at least).  

There are a number of us advanced/small users with home offices who presently 
run our own outgoing SMTP mail server, behind a router using NAT.  Not all 
(valid, legitimate!) outgoing SMTP servers have fixed/permanent IP addresses.

Likewise, since I have a "residential" type high speed connection, I have *very* 
limited abilities (and that only because of my own domain names, but I don't 
have my own Net-accessible DNS server in any case) to manipulate the DNS records 
associated with those domains.

I suspect that a fair number of other consultant-type users are in a similar 
boat to myself on points like this.  It's the needs of some of us 
'advanced/small' users which the spf folks seem willing to totally ignore.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Date: Wed, 18 Jun 2003 14:52:49 -0500

On Wed, Jun 18, 2003 at 12:56:04PM -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> > We are presently
> requiring reverse DNS for IP addresses of MTA's which connect to our MX
> (with exceptions, which are dwindling).  This has nothing to do with the
> MAIL FROM domain, it simply means that if you connect to us, your IP address
> must have a name, and that name must map back to your IP address.  What you
> suggest above is exactly the sort of next step we're looking for; namely,
> a DNS RR which tells the world that a particular host name has been designated
> as an MTA (outgoing at least).  
> 
> There are a number of us advanced/small users with home offices who presently 
> run our own outgoing SMTP mail server, behind a router using NAT.  Not all 
> (valid, legitimate!) outgoing SMTP servers have fixed/permanent IP addresses.

We do not allow connections from dynamic IP addresses.  There is simply no
way to account for unauthenticated email (that is what we're talking about
here) without at least tying the messages to a fixed IP address.  Of course
our users can let specific addresses through such a block based on a request
by the remote user (via URL).

> Likewise, since I have a "residential" type high speed connection, I have *very* 
> limited abilities (and that only because of my own domain names, but I don't 
> have my own Net-accessible DNS server in any case) to manipulate the DNS records 
> associated with those domains.

If you want to be an MTA, we feel you should be registered as one in DNS.
You don't even need the registered name to be in your domain, it simply
needs to map to a name which then maps back to the original IP address.
Without this, bad users in a dynamic IP range cannot be blocked individually.

> I suspect that a fair number of other consultant-type users are in a similar 
> boat to myself on points like this.  It's the needs of some of us 
> 'advanced/small' users which the spf folks seem willing to totally ignore.

In today's spam-ful world, something has to give.  Sites need an incentive to
tighten up controls and this is simply one more "tool" that can be used.

Even AOL has become more restrictive:

# telnet mailin-01.mx.aol.com 25
Trying 64.12.137.89...
Connected to mailin-01.mx.aol.com.
Escape character is '^]'.
220-rly-xg02.mx.aol.com ESMTP mail_relay_in-xg2.7; Wed, 18 Jun 2003 15:52:07 -0400
220-America Online (AOL) and its affiliated companies do not
220-     authorize the use of its proprietary computers and computer
220-     networks to accept, transmit, or distribute unsolicited bulk
220-     e-mail sent from the internet.  Effective immediately:  AOL 
220-     may no longer accept connections from IP addresses which 
220      have no reverse-DNS (PTR record) assigned.


> Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
> 1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
> Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
> 12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
> 12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.

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Date: Wed, 18 Jun 2003 13:40:06 -0700

From: gep2@terabites.com
> 
> There are a number of us advanced/small users with home offices who
> presently run our own outgoing SMTP mail server, behind a router using NAT.  Not
> all (valid, legitimate!) outgoing SMTP servers have fixed/permanent IP
> addresses.

As of this week, Cox in Phoenix (possibly nationwide) is blocking all outgoing 
port 25 connections from its DHCP pools. This has caused some consternation 
in local discussion groups, but if those users are as advanced as you claim, 
they should be able to smarthost through Cox's SMTP servers, or just pay the 
extra money for a business connection with a static IP.  I've chosen the latter.

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Date: Wed, 18 Jun 2003 22:31:31 +0100

On Wed, Jun 18, 2003 at 12:56:04PM -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> There are a number of us advanced/small users with home offices who presently 
> run our own outgoing SMTP mail server, behind a router using NAT.  Not all 
> (valid, legitimate!) outgoing SMTP servers have fixed/permanent IP addresses.

If you have dynamic IP addresses, why run your own MTA?  It's no use
for incoming mail, and for outgoing mail you could use your ISP's MTA.

Ben

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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        Eric Dean
	 <eric@purespeed.com>, "asrg@ietf.org" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] CRI Header
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On Sunday, June 15, 2003 11:37 AM, Yakov Shafranovich 
[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> So I am assuming that you will be adding extensibility requirements as part
> of the requirements draft you are working on?

Actually, no this is a 'requirement' for consideration of those 
[interoperability/extensibility] issues NOT a requirement for extensibility.

-e

> At 11:48 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:

> >This message intends to address the issue raised concerning this statement:

> >'Another very important point, is the need to define the CRI protocol as
> >extensible. We need to provide space for implementors to add their own
> >features such as hash cash, digital signatures, etc.'

> >This is a SHOULD part of the broader requirement.  Sorry if that was 
unclear.

> >  I am getting back up to speed after a few days, only this message left
> > to go
> >;-).

> >-e


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To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        "asrg@ietf.org"
	 <asrg@ietf.org>, Peter Kay <peter@titankey.com>
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Discussed below...

On Sunday, June 15, 2003 1:59 PM, Yakov Shafranovich 
[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> At 11:08 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
>
> >On Monday, June 09, 2003 2:39 PM, Yakov Shafranovich
> >[SMTP:research@solidmatrix.com] wrote:
> >8<...>8
> > > HOWEVER, the same section states:
> > >
> > > "Whenever an SMTP transaction is used to send a DSN, the MAIL FROM
> > > command MUST use a NULL return address, i.e., "MAIL FROM:<>"."
> >
> >A proper intepretation of that statement requires its full context.  The
> >intent is to prevent message looping.  As such the CRI or other systems
> >SHOULD ensure that specfied addresses do not violate that tenet.
> >
> >
> >    The envelope sender address of the DSN SHOULD be chosen to ensure
> >    that no delivery status reports will be issued in response to the DSN
> >    itself, and MUST be chosen so that DSNs will not generate mail loops.
> >    Whenever an SMTP transaction is used to send a DSN, the MAIL FROM
> >    command MUST use a NULL return address, i.e., "MAIL FROM:<>".
> >
> >
> > > That means that C/R systems such as yours MUST support the empty return
> > > path (<>).
> >
> >No it does not, IMO, given the full context of the requirement.
>
> We were considering implementing CRI within the extension framework of
> DSNs. DSNs require the return path to be <>, so any system that would use
> such protocol in this matter, would require <> as well. I didn't not mean
> that ALL C/R systems will use it - thank you for pointing this out.

I see your point, however, I would assert that a C/R or CRI DSN would not be an 
SMTP DSN in the framework of the RFC and that is what the RFC is referring to, 
I think.  So if it is an SMTP DSN yes - MUST <> and use MAIL FROM. For other 
protocol DSNs (maybe ones that 'depend' on SMTP as the Message Transfer 
Protocol, but not the application semantics, e.g. CRI) then I think the first 
part of the language holds that an implementors "DSN SHOULD be chosen..." etc. 
 I would add the language is maybe too specific in the RFC for the 'SMTP 
transaction is used to send' and should or perhaps maybe means, "when an SMTP 
transaction is the predicate for sending a DSN then ..."

> Someone pointed out that DSNs might not be the best solution, since it is
> intended to be a one-way notification, as opposed to CRI where the
> challenge is intended to be responded to and there is also an issue of all
> systems that do not support CRI but support DSNs. I also contacted Keith
> Moore who wrote the DSN RFCs for his opinion, so we'll see how this one
> will fall out. DSNs have an advantage of having an ESMTP extension defined.
> In any case, we might want to take a look at the MIME type of
> "multipart/report" within which DSNs operate. This MIME part might be used
> for CRI, patterned after the DSNs structure.

I agree and await Keith's response as well.  Thanks Yakov, you are doing a 
great job helping to coordinate CRI research.

-e

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From: "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
To: "'Art Pollard'" <pollarda@lextek.com>, "Asrg@ietf.org" <Asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
Organization: Information Brokers, Inc.
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Got it.  Thanks Art.

-e

On Sunday, June 15, 2003 6:56 PM, Art Pollard [SMTP:pollarda@lextek.com] wrote:
> At 11:18 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, you wrote:
> >On Monday, June 09, 2003 6:21 PM, Art Pollard [SMTP:pollarda@lextek.com] 
> >wrote:
> >8<...>8
> > > ... The CR system would filter based in the digital signature rather
> > > than the FROM address.
> >
> >A signature that signs what? or do you mean a 'hash' produced using a 
> >'senders'  private key?
> 
> A digital signature uses a public / private key pair and a hash (typically 
> SHA).  Given the public key then the signature and message could be 
> verified.  The message would be signed with the private key as it went 
> out.  The message's header would contain:
> 
> 1) The digital signature (generated by the public/private key pair and the 
> message)
> 2) The public key.
> 
> The whitelisting would occur based not on the e-mail address but on the 
> public key.  Thus when a new message comes in, the public key would be 
> looked up in the whitelist to see if it is already there.  If it is there, 
> the message can be checked with the public key and the signature to ensure 
> that the proper public / private key pair actually was used to sign the 
> message and that the message has not been altered.
> 
> By whitelisting on the public key and not the e-mail address / 
> username/etc. the user can move between machines and accounts without new 
> challenges as long as they use the same public/private key pair to sign 
> their messages.
> 
> > > Thus it would be quite possible for people to have
> > > multiple clients with the same digital signature (one for each e-mail
> > > address say) and they would only have to undergo the CR once -- even if
> > > they switched ISPs.
> >
> >Same private key?
> 
> Yep.
> 
> 
> >8<...>8
> > > ...When whitelisting occurred, it would whitelist a
> > > particular person's signature rather than their e-mail address.
> >
> >Caching of the public key?
> 
> Yep. The public key would be cached and would be used in the whitelisting 
> process.
> 
> -Art
> 
> -- 
> Art Pollard
> http://www.lextek.com/
> Suppliers of High Performance Text Retrieval Engines.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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As before, I'm answering several related E-mails in one posting.


> We do not allow connections from dynamic IP addresses.  

I think that's a bad policy.

> There is simply no way to account for unauthenticated email (that is what 
we're talking about here) without at least tying the messages to a fixed IP 
address.  

Even once you DO, that again is closing the barn door after the horse has gotten 
out.

> Of course our users can let specific addresses through such a block based on a 
request by the remote user (via URL).

They first have to _realize_ that their mail is getting blocked.

>> Likewise, since I have a "residential" type high speed connection, I have 
*very* limited abilities (and that only because of my own domain names, but I 
don't have my own Net-accessible DNS server in any case) to manipulate the DNS 
records associated with those domains.

> If you want to be an MTA, we feel you should be registered as one in DNS.

I wouldn't particularly have a problem in principle with doing that, and I 
certainly have the iron here to support it (running both NT 4.0 and Win2K 
servers, among other machines here) but the terms of my service agreement with 
my ISP prohibit me from offering ANY server services visible to the Net (and 
that presumably includes DNS).  

That, combined with the fact that I don't have a fixed IP address, makes it 
difficult to comply.

> You don't even need the registered name to be in your domain, it simply
needs to map to a name which then maps back to the original IP address.
Without this, bad users in a dynamic IP range cannot be blocked individually.

Again, I don't have a net-accessible DNS server here, nor do I have any fixed IP 
addresses.


> As of this week, Cox in Phoenix (possibly nationwide) is blocking all outgoing 
port 25 connections from its DHCP pools. 

Yes, and I've had [business!] clients that have been subjected to just such 
restrictions.  :-((

> This has caused some consternation 
in local discussion groups, but if those users are as advanced as you claim, 
they should be able to smarthost through Cox's SMTP servers, or just pay the 
extra money for a business connection with a static IP.  I've chosen the latter.

The "business connection" costs at least three or four times as much money, and 
with the economy being the way it's been for about three years now, that's 
simply not a viable option for many of us.

If I eventually develop a greater need for my own local servers being directly 
on the Net, perhaps I can eventually justify that extra expense.  That's not the 
case, though, yet.

> If you have dynamic IP addresses, why run your own MTA?  

There are a variety of operational reasons to want to do that, including the 
ability to send outgoing mails by quite directly inserting them into the MTA's 
xmit holding queues rather than having to send them via SMTP... this allows more 
easy and fast/efficient integration of e-mailings through other business 
applications (invoicing, drafting, etc.)

> It's no use for incoming mail, 

I don't use my SMTP server (of course) for incoming mail (well, not DIRECTLY, 
anyhow).  It's for outgoing mail only.  Obviously, an incoming mail server would 
need to be directly accessible from elsewhere on the Net.

I have a different system here which handles incoming mail... a SPITBOL-based 
daemon which retrieves mail periodically from my various POP3 mailboxes all 
around the Net, applies filtering rules and a whole series of modification 
procedures to those messages, and then puts the preprocessed messages directly 
into the incoming message (pending pickup) queues at my local (EMWAC) MTA.  So 
in a way, I *am* using my local mail server for incoming mail, but not (to stay 
within my TOS restrictions of my ISP) in a way that makes it accessible from 
elsewhere on the Net, only within my local LAN here.

> ...and for outgoing mail you could use your ISP's MTA.

In fact, at the moment I am basically doing that, although in the case of one of 
my consulting clients they can't readily use the ISP's SMTP MTA while still 
using their own corporate domain name.  :-(  

Presently my outgoing mail goes from my mail client software to my local EMWAC 
SMTP server (on my NT4 server), from there through WinProxy (on my Win2K server) 
to my ISP's SMTP server and from there on out through my cable modem router and 
NAT box to the Net.

I still would greatly prefer to use my own directly accessible outgoing SMTP 
server, if for no other reason than because it would reduce a lot of totally 
pointless bulk in my outgoing E-mails (due to the additional Received: lines 
which get added for each additional intermediate stage) and because it would 
give me better control over the whole E-mail operation.


But again, it's not only just about my NORMAL operations here from my home 
office.  It's also about what I need to do when I'm travelling, such as from 
Internet cafes (possibly in foreign countries, possibly onboard cruise ships 
etc) where one has truly NO control over outgoing mail server configuration.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
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Subject: [Asrg] Microsoft files suit against Spammers
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Microsoft has filed 15 lawsuits against spammers in Washington State and
in the UK. Pointers to PDF's for 13 of the cases can be found on
FindLaw.com. See:

Microsoft Corp. v. Email Gold, Inc., et al. [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msemailg61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. The E-Offer Store [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/mseoffer61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. GiantLinks, Inc., et al. [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msgiantlnk61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. Global Media, Inc. [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msglbmed61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. InterWeb Hosting, LLC, et al.
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msintrwb61703cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. John Does 1-20 [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msdoes12061603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. John Does 1-20 (2nd set) [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msdoes2nd61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. Khoshnood, et al. [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/mspointcom61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. RHC Direct, LLC [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msrhc61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. Rockin Time Holdings, Inc., et al. [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msrockin61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. Tranzact Media, Inc. [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/mstranz61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. VMC, Inc. et al. [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msvms61603cmp.pdf
Microsoft Corp. v. XPAYS, Inc. [PDF]
http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/cyberlaw/msxpays61603cmp.pdf


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From: Selby Hatch <selby_hatch@azza.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] Re: Reverse DNS
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 11:50:22 -0600
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There are other ways to authenticate an email with a server. I have
suggested one such method. It requires no DNS and could be used for
static and dynamic IP addresses. If you have the IP address of the
originating email, it is possible to trace that back to some entity even
if it's dialup. The method is found at:

https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05393.html

and goes as follows:

Sender authentication should be applied. A header called Sender-Auth or
Sender-Verification will be inserted into the message by the sending
server. It would consist of a delimited string containing the IP
address, server identification, and a timestamp. The string would be
preceded by the result of a function that was applied to that string as
it was sent by the originating server. A delimiter would separate the
function result from the string. The function would be implemented by
the server administrator and would be unique for that server or set of
servers.

A protocol would be employed such that a receiving server could request
that the originating server verify that the Sender-Auth header is
consistent. The originating server would be required to apply it's
function to the string as sent by the requesting server and then return
the result. The receiving server would compare the returned function
result with the result in the Sender-Auth header and if they match, the
sending server is authentic.





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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 14:11:16 -0400

At 04:53 PM 6/15/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>[..]
>During the discussion it struck me that a better approach to the problem 
>is the
>following:
>
>A recipient should be able to create a specific-permission "whitelist" which
>lists the senders (by E-mail address) to which they wish to assign "special"
>privileges.  Senders who are not on the whitelist would only be allowed to 
>send
>that recipient plain, unencoded, ASCII text E-mails without HTML, scripting,
>encoding, or any kind of attachments.
>[..]
>The whitelist would be maintained either at the recipient's mail server, or
>local ISP's mail server, or else (for their own domain) at the domain
>provider/mail forwarder... probably, as soon as the mail resolves to the
>addressee domain.

Maintaining white lists for users in places other than their computers 
raises privacy issues as mentioned many times prior.

>You'll note that this scheme does not provide for the blocking (at this 
>level,
>anyhow) of plain ASCII text spams.  True.  More on that later.
>
>But the great majority of spams use a variety of tricks to get past content
>filters, and to deceive recipients.  A *large* subset of those tricks are 
>based
>on HTML:
>
>   1)  HTML comments (and bogus HTML tags) to break up and obscure mail 
> content,
>and to confuse content filters;

HTML email is also used by many companies for legitimate purposes.

>   2)  graphic-mode-text (likewise);

Same comment as above.

>   3)  links which purport to be one thing but where the actual hyperlink 
> in fact
>(and usually invisibly) points somewhere else;

Many spammers own their own domains and will not lose out from this.

>   4)  scripting where the message displayed only can be viewed as a 
> result of
>the computational process, again to make things difficult for content filters.
>
>Attachments (especially in unsolicited E-mails) tend to frequently contain
>viruses, worms, "background music" that's actually a PIF or EXE file, and 
>things
>of that sort.  Getting attachments from someone who doesn't ordinarily send
>those is a warning sign that it might well be malicious.

Not all attachments are bad.

>[..]
>By enabling a user to simply t-can any unexpected HTML-burdened (or
>attachment-carrying) incoming message (and ideally as soon as it got to their
>domain provider or ISP), spammers would be denied many of their most 
>cherished
>and valuable tricks.  Content filters would be far more useful and 
>efficient.
>And much more of the remaining unsolicited spam that WOULD still be sent 
>would
>be sent in plain ASCII text (knowing that sending unsolicited HTML E-mail was
>the kiss of death...) meaning it would reduce wasted bandwidth for such
>remaining spam mail net-wide by at least a factor of three to five.
>[..]

Thus proposal addresses many of the tricks that are used by spammers TODAY. 
As Vernon and many others mentioned on the list before spammers change very 
quickly and can adapt their practices very quickly as well. This scheme 
would be just a band aid to block some forms of spam until spammers will 
figure out a way around it just like many other proposals.. Additionally, 
many of the "Nigerian Scams" arrive as plain ASCII emails already and this 
scheme will not stop them.

Another concern with this sceme is the fact that email will go back to the 
dark ages with no support for attachments and no HTML support. This may 
increase people's use for email which is already under attack by spammers. 
Is the medicine as bitter as the problem?

Also, blocking base64 encoding would block email schemes where digital 
signatures are used.

Yakov



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Subject: RE: [Asrg] C/R Interworking Framework
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 14:10:56 -0400

At 04:46 PM 6/15/2003 -0600, Art Pollard wrote:

>At 01:49 PM 6/15/2003 -0400, you wrote:
>>At 11:18 PM 6/14/2003 -0400, Eric D. Williams wrote:
>>
>>>On Monday, June 09, 2003 6:21 PM, Art Pollard [SMTP:pollarda@lextek.com] 
>>>wrote:
>>>8<...>8
>>> > ... The CR system would filter based in the digital signature rather
>>> > than the FROM address.
>>>
>>>A signature that signs what? or do you mean a 'hash' produced using a 
>>>'senders'
>>>private key?
>>
>>I think he meant a digital certificate issued by a third-part certificate 
>>authority, not a digital signature.
>
>Actually, I meant a digital signature. ;-)
>
>Given a digital signature, one can be assured that the person who the mail 
>says wrote the message actually wrote the message.  It will assist to 
>prevent spoofing of the sender's information (such as when spammers search 
>archives to figure out who knows who).

It also kills the concept of deniability - all emails sent via such systems 
cannot be later denied by the sender. This would cause problems just like 
any other PKI system with cases where private keys are stolen. It would 
also given a much bigger legal weight to email messages than today.

Also, will headers be signed as well?

>I envision when the whitelisting of an individual happens, their public 
>key would be kept on record.  The public key could be given in the header 
>of the message that passed the CR process.

Headers are limited in size to 998 characters (RFC 2822). Large keys, 
especially after base64 encoding or MIME could easily dwarf that limit. 
MIME headers would have to be used instead.

>Then if a new message comes in, the public key (again in the header) would 
>be looked up to see if it has been whitelisted.  If it is not in the 
>whitelist, a challenge would be sent.  If it is in the whitelist, then the 
>message would be checked to ensure that the key and the signature match. 
>If it passes then the message goes to the user.  If it does not pass, a 
>challenge would be sent.
>
>So, in a sense, the whitelisting would be based on the public key -- not 
>on the e-mail address or user name or something forgable.
>
>This avoids having a third party authority having to provide certificates 
>for one person or another.  People could generate their own key sets.  And 
>as long as they provided the same public/private keys to each account that 
>they used then their previous whitelistings would go with them.

This being the main advantage of such scheme - ability to switch email 
addresses without being re-whitelisted.

>You do not need somebody to provide a certificate since the odds of having 
>two people having the same public/private key pair are minimal and if 
>there were a collision, there isn't much that a spammer could do about 
>it.  And even if they could, it would only consist of spamming only a 
>handful of people (like 1-100) -- not the millions that they are used 
>to.  It just wouldn't be worth their time and effort.
>
>I don't think that certificates through a third party that guarantee that 
>someone is who they say they are are really worthwhile since all it takes 
>is for someone dishonest to start handing out falsified certificates.  Or 
>if a centralized certificate authorities were used, they would have a hard 
>time keeping up with applications.

Additionally, some systems such as PGP, do not use third party CAs.

>Instead, just let people generate their own public/private keys and don't 
>pay attention to whether they are who they say they are as the CR system 
>will weed out those who have malicious intent.

Correct. This scheme may very well fit within the general CRI protocol as 
an extension.


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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 14:12:45 -0400

At 07:14 PM 6/15/2003 -0400, Bob Wyman wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > The only useful utility that may possible come from
> > prior art is the determination of how strong the
> > patent is - but then again we are not lawyers.
>
>         No. This is simply not true.
>
>         First, the "strength" of the patent is only of secondary
>interest in a "research" group where the focus should be on determining
>what is the best mechanism or process for ending the spam problem. The
>"strength" of a patent will only become interesting once one is at the
>point of recommending specific solutions -- not when we're still trying
>to understand what solutions are possible. To understand this
>application domain, we need to understand the patented methods, and
>their prior art, as well as the unpatented ones.
>         Discovering and discussing prior art is useful in that this
>prior art might reveal some aspect of a solution that the patent doesn't
>cover. Remember, the goal here is "research" or "learning." Also, the
>presence of prior art is something that should eventually get used by
>those who take the non-research step of recommending and investing in
>specific solutions. Just as it is important to know that one or another
>method is encumbered, it is important to know that prior art may exist
>for one or another encumbering patent.

Bob, I hear you. Due to your input, I will be splitting the file I am 
maintaining into two - one for general IPR issues and second for IPR 
disclosures made by members of the group.

Yakov 


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] SPF: Objection: spammers will use <>
Cc: Markus Stumpf <maex-lists-spam-ietf-asrg@Space.Net>, asrg@ietf.org
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 14:13:58 -0400

At 01:22 PM 6/17/2003 +0200, Markus Stumpf wrote:

>On Mon, Jun 16, 2003 at 12:28:25PM -0400, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> > The original DMP I-D says, in the case of a blank envelope sender,
> > test using the HELO domain instead of the envelope sender domain.
>
>Wow ... how's the weather on your planet?
>Out of 7394 connections on one of our mailservers that is closed to
>customer access 6789 had non matching (the hostname) HELO arguments.
>
>Most HELO arguments are pc01 and the like.
>On our MX mailservers the ration is similar, but of course the are a lot
>of spammers that fake them, but I intentionally made the test on a non
>MX mailserver.
>
>So you want to force about 90% of all mailserver administrators (most of
>the clueless) to change the configuration of their mailserver? Have fun.

Check the RFCs, but I believe that the domain in HELO command cannot be 
relied upon for checking. 


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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 14:16:31 -0400

At 12:50 PM 6/17/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> >> A recipient should be able to create a specific-permission
> > "whitelist" which lists the senders (by E-mail address) to
> > which they wish to assign "special" privileges.
>
> >       Personally, I believe that this kind of approach will be much
>more likely to result in useful throttling of spam.
>
>Thanks!  Obviously, I agree.
>
>In particular, when you actually look at the spam (and viruses, and worms) 
>going
>through the Net, the *great* majority of it is pernicious (and hard to 
>filter)
>due to various tricks generally exploiting HTML, encoded text, and 
>attachments.
>
>It's notable, I think, that very little LEGITIMATE E-mail content (and
>relatively few senders) need to send E-mail containing those types of content.
>
>In my case, I would probably enable less than 10-15% of my correspondents to
>send me that type of stuff.
>[..]

Can ISPs on the list provide some statistics on percentage of legimitate 
email coming in as HTML, attachments, base64, etc. 


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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 14:19:31 -0400

At 12:56 PM 6/18/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> > We are presently
>requiring reverse DNS for IP addresses of MTA's which connect to our MX
>(with exceptions, which are dwindling).  This has nothing to do with the
>MAIL FROM domain, it simply means that if you connect to us, your IP address
>must have a name, and that name must map back to your IP address.  What you
>suggest above is exactly the sort of next step we're looking for; namely,
>a DNS RR which tells the world that a particular host name has been designated
>as an MTA (outgoing at least).
>
>There are a number of us advanced/small users with home offices who presently
>run our own outgoing SMTP mail server, behind a router using NAT.  Not all
>(valid, legitimate!) outgoing SMTP servers have fixed/permanent IP addresses.
>
>Likewise, since I have a "residential" type high speed connection, I have 
>*very*
>limited abilities (and that only because of my own domain names, but I don't
>have my own Net-accessible DNS server in any case) to manipulate the DNS 
>records
>associated with those domains.
>
>I suspect that a fair number of other consultant-type users are in a similar
>boat to myself on points like this.  It's the needs of some of us
>'advanced/small' users which the spf folks seem willing to totally ignore.

I have my own SMTP server as well since my ISP does not provide one. 
HOWEVER, all IP addresses assigned by my ISP have reverse DNS records. I 
believe this is not a problem AS LONG AS ISPs will provide those problems.

RMX/SPF and similar systems on the other hand will cause a problem. Someone 
earlier suggested that free DNS systems such as dyndns.org would provide 
RMX functionality for such cases.

Yakov 


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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 14:21:46 -0400

At 11:50 AM 6/19/2003 -0600, Selby Hatch wrote:

>There are other ways to authenticate an email with a server. I have
>suggested one such method. It requires no DNS and could be used for
>static and dynamic IP addresses. If you have the IP address of the
>originating email, it is possible to trace that back to some entity even
>if it's dialup. The method is found at:
>
>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05393.html
>
>and goes as follows:
>
>Sender authentication should be applied. A header called Sender-Auth or
>Sender-Verification will be inserted into the message by the sending
>server. It would consist of a delimited string containing the IP
>address, server identification, and a timestamp. The string would be
>preceded by the result of a function that was applied to that string as
>it was sent by the originating server. A delimiter would separate the
>function result from the string. The function would be implemented by
>the server administrator and would be unique for that server or set of
>servers.
>
>A protocol would be employed such that a receiving server could request
>that the originating server verify that the Sender-Auth header is
>consistent. The originating server would be required to apply it's
>function to the string as sent by the requesting server and then return
>the result. The receiving server would compare the returned function
>result with the result in the Sender-Auth header and if they match, the
>sending server is authentic.

This basically would be Challenge/Response for mail servers, instead of C/R 
for email addresses. 


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306191841.h5JIfkdR012997@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 12:41:46 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> HTML email is also used by many companies for legitimate purposes.

That is true only in absolute numbers, because the Internet is so
large that even tiny minorities can involve big numbers.  The
overwhelmingly vast majority of the use of HTML is at best a waste
of bandwidth and CPU cycles.  There is far more use of HTML mail
to violate privacy with such as "web bugs" than legitimate use.

We will know that Microsoft really cares about spam not when when
they file more lawsuits, but when they change the default configuration
of Internet Explorer to avoid generating HTML mail, when they chagne
Internet Explorer to not just assume that plaintext mail that
contains strings that look like HTML is HTML, and when they make
it easy for Hotmail and MSN users to reject HTML mail.

HTML will always be a fertile ground for privacy violations and other
nastiness.  If not for HTML mail, users would be less conditioned to
accept worms and viruses and would instead be naturally suspicious of
"active content."

I'm sure there are legitimate uses of HTML mail, but I cannot remember
ever receiving one.  I bet that you have never received HTML mail that
would not have been better in plaintext, perhaps with a URL pointing
to a web page.  (Note that modern browsers present URLs in plaintext
as "clickable links.")


> ...
> Another concern with this sceme is the fact that email will go back to the 
> dark ages with no support for attachments and no HTML support. This may 
> increase people's use for email which is already under attack by spammers. 
> Is the medicine as bitter as the problem?

There is a difference between having no support for fancy features and
using those fancy features everywhere and where they are a positive
hazard to computer security and personal privacy.


> Also, blocking base64 encoding would block email schemes where digital 
> signatures are used.

That is entirely mistaken.  You might want to ensure that sender and
recipient agree on whether to sign the encoded or plaintext versions
of the message, but that's all.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306191848.h5JImhE3013098@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 12:48:43 -0600 (MDT)

> Can ISPs on the list provide some statistics on percentage of legimitate 
> email coming in as HTML, attachments, base64, etc. 

That's an example of a question that, as phrased, should not be asked.

An ISP cannot say anything about the legitimacy of incoming mail.  An
ISP can say some mail is not legitimate, but that implies nothing
either way about whether the remaining mail is legitimate. 

That popular MUAs send HTML by default also makes the question
as phrased a distraction and a likely seed of misinformation.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>, <gep2@terabites.com>,
        <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Maintaining white lists for users in places other 
> than their computers raises privacy issues as 
> mentioned many times prior.
	As has also been mentioned many times in the past, the use of
"virtual" or "implicit" whitelists by means of using single-user
addresses or passing authentication tokens as part of messages can give
the effect of whitelists while reducing significantly the privacy
issues. (since the whitelist is distributed, it is harder to
reconstruct.)
	When discussing "whitelisting" we should not confuse the
mechanism with the concept. The concept is that some subset of the
entire universe of senders is given preferred access to an inbox. This
can either be by checking against an explicit whitelist which is
represented as a monolithic list of senders and privledges or it can be
done algorithmically by checking properties of the sent message (i.e.
tokens in headers or in addresses) to determine if the sender is on an
"implicit" or "virtual" whitelist.
	The privacy issues with whitelists only apply to some of the
mechanisms for constructing and/or maintaining them.

		bob wyman


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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Vernon Schryver'" <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Vernon Schryver wrote:
> The overwhelmingly vast majority of the use of HTML is 
> at best a waste of bandwidth and CPU cycles.  
	This is, at best, a representation of a personal, subjective
opinion. The reality is that there is great demand for "rich text"
messaging and there always has been. There are many clear indicators
that large numbers of people like to both send and receive HTML
formatted messages. This demand is not new.
	As far back as 1981, when I first started selling one of the
first "corporate" email systems, Digital's ALL-IN-1 office, customers
were asking for and often demanding "rich text" or "high quality" email
messaging capabilities. If anything, the demand for such a capability
has increased over time. 
	It is no more reasonable to demand that the world accept that
email should not contain rendering information than it would be for some
religious sect to demand that we not "pollute" the walls of our homes
with art. Our challenge should be to figure out how to give the users
what they want without exposing them to unnecessary risks. If the
problem is a difficult one to solve, it isn't because what the users
want is some that is not "legitimage," rather, it simply means that
we're not being creative enough in defining solutions. 

> There is far more use of HTML mail to violate privacy 
> with such as "web bugs" than legitimate use.
	I don't believe this to be true. I get loads of "legitimate"
HTML mail every day. In any case, it doesn't matter. The issue is how to
design a system that works, not how to restrict legitimate users from
accomplishing their goals or seeing "pretty" email messages.

		bob wyman


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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 15:26:37 -0400

At 12:41 PM 6/19/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>[..]
>
> > Also, blocking base64 encoding would block email schemes where digital
> > signatures are used.
>
>That is entirely mistaken.  You might want to ensure that sender and
>recipient agree on whether to sign the encoded or plaintext versions
>of the message, but that's all.

In the scheme proposed by Art Pollard, a copy of the public key would be 
included with the signed message. Common format for public key certificates 
use base 64 encoded, outright ban of all base-64 email would be a problem 
for this. The point I was trying to make is that outright ban on ALL 
base-64 email is not a simple as it sounds. There are legit applications 
that use it and such banning approach would have to take them into account.

Yakov  


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 13:27:39 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>

> > The overwhelmingly vast majority of the use of HTML is 
> > at best a waste of bandwidth and CPU cycles.  

> 	This is, at best, a representation of a personal, subjective
> opinion. The reality is that there is great demand for "rich text"
> messaging and there always has been. There are many clear indicators
> that large numbers of people like to both send and receive HTML
> formatted messages. This demand is not new.

I find your claim even more of personal, subjectve, and inaccurate.

As you say, there has been a great and legitimate demand for "rich
text messaging," but the vast, overwhelming majority of HTML email
uses nothing that might be called "rich text messaging," unless you
equate soft line breaks with rich text.  The vast majority of users
do not use any sort of formating including bold and italics in their
personal mail.  They can barely manage to turn on spell checking.

Essentially all of that great demand for rich text is from sales
professionals of one sort or another and other people writing formal
message, and they are generally unable to manage more than what might
be called Powerpoint-HTML.


> 	As far back as 1981, when I first started selling one of the
> first "corporate" email systems, Digital's ALL-IN-1 office, customers
> were asking for and often demanding "rich text" or "high quality" email
> messaging capabilities. If anything, the demand for such a capability
> has increased over time. 

Of course, but how much of that "high quality email" is used except
in various kinds of sales presentations?  The overwhelmingly vast
majority of email is informal.  It makes as much sense to say that
much email should use HTML as to claim the same for SMS....don't tell
me that some sort of 3G cellphone gateway is going to use HTML for
SMS because I'll believe you, and because it would support my point.


> 	It is no more reasonable to demand that the world accept that
> email should not contain rendering information than it would be for some
> religious sect to demand that we not "pollute" the walls of our homes
> with art. 

That's nice, and unrelated to what I wrote.  I didn't say that Hotmail
accounts should reject HTML by default but only that Hotmail users
should be able to reject HTML mail.  I also didn't say that IE and
Netscape should not be able to generate HTML mail, but only that they
should not generate it by default.  Both were intentional.


>           Our challenge should be to figure out how to give the users
> what they want without exposing them to unnecessary risks. If the
> problem is a difficult one to solve, it isn't because what the users
> want is some that is not "legitimage," rather, it simply means that
> we're not being creative enough in defining solutions. 

I carefully did not say that all HTML is illegitimate.  So why are
you implying that I did?  Do you have some vested interest in HTML
mail software?  As I said, some HTML mail is legitimate and because
of the size of the Internet, that tiny minority is a lot of messages.
However, that tiny minority of legitimate HTML mail has nothing to do
with the vastly larger bazillions of messages from end users that are
in HTML only because their MUAs use HTML by default.

Then there are the bazillions of spam in HTML.


> > There is far more use of HTML mail to violate privacy 
> > with such as "web bugs" than legitimate use.

> 	I don't believe this to be true. I get loads of "legitimate"
> HTML mail every day. In any case, it doesn't matter. The issue is how to
> design a system that works, not how to restrict legitimate users from
> accomplishing their goals or seeing "pretty" email messages.

I'm happy you're happy with your legitimate HTML mail.  However, I
stand by my claim by pointing to the vast quantity of spam and of
legitimate, (because explicitly solicited) marketing mail that contains
web bugs.  How many marketing organizations that have resisted the
sales calls from the mail coverage tracking vendors has not implemented
their own tracking systems?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com


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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 15:32:15 -0400

At 01:27 PM 6/19/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>[..]
>
> >           Our challenge should be to figure out how to give the users
> > what they want without exposing them to unnecessary risks. If the
> > problem is a difficult one to solve, it isn't because what the users
> > want is some that is not "legitimage," rather, it simply means that
> > we're not being creative enough in defining solutions.
>
>I carefully did not say that all HTML is illegitimate.  So why are
>you implying that I did?  Do you have some vested interest in HTML
>mail software?  As I said, some HTML mail is legitimate and because
>of the size of the Internet, that tiny minority is a lot of messages.
>However, that tiny minority of legitimate HTML mail has nothing to do
>with the vastly larger bazillions of messages from end users that are
>in HTML only because their MUAs use HTML by default.
>
>Then there are the bazillions of spam in HTML.
>[..]

Then the question is do we sacrifice this minority of legit HTML messages 
in order to kill spam.



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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 13:37:57 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> > > Also, blocking base64 encoding would block email schemes where digital
> > > signatures are used.
> >
> >That is entirely mistaken.  You might want to ensure that sender and
> >recipient agree on whether to sign the encoded or plaintext versions
> >of the message, but that's all.
>
> In the scheme proposed by Art Pollard, a copy of the public key would be 
> included with the signed message. Common format for public key certificates 
> use base 64 encoded, outright ban of all base-64 email would be a problem 
> for this. 

Oh, I hadn't thought of that.   However, you could encode a signature
with either quoted-printable or a binary MIME Content-Type.  Yes, of
course, neither would be as appropriate as Base64.


>           The point I was trying to make is that outright ban on ALL 
> base-64 email is not a simple as it sounds. There are legit applications 
> that use it and such banning approach would have to take them into account.

That's certainly true.  

As far as I can tell, all calls for bans on Base64 and Quoted-Printable
are based on naive visions on how the system works or simplistic spam
filters.  Base64 and Quoted-Printable are as relevant to spam or
security problems as whether your network uses 4B5B or NRZI.  Base64,
Quoted-Printable, 4B5B, and NRZI can all be decoded with simple, single
pass state machines with only a few bits of state.

I must admit that some of my irritation with HTML is because it cannot
be decode into what the user will see with Internet Explorer or Netscape
as readily.  As far as I can tell, you must generate an HTML parse tree.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 13:47:26 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> Then the question is do we sacrifice this minority of legit HTML messages 
> in order to kill spam.

Of course not.  Who suggested anything of the sort?

We still have legitimate SMTP relays.  Suggestions that all SMTP relays
be outlawed or sacrificed come from only kooks and those who are so
completely ignorant of the system that they don't know about MX
secondarys and "smart hosts."

Making HTML email not be the default sacrafices nothing more than
changing the default in sendmail, which was not a sacrafice at all.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 20:57:43 +0100

On Thu, Jun 19, 2003 at 12:41:46PM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> I'm sure there are legitimate uses of HTML mail, but I cannot remember
> ever receiving one.

I maintain a number of mailing lists which the members of various
(non-technical) organizations use to communicate with each other.  The
volume of legitimate HTML email on these lists is quite high.

Programmers and sysadmins, and people who started using email before MIME
was introduced, tend to dislike HTML email.  Other people see the ability to
use boldface and italics as normal features of any text-editing environment
(which they consider their MUA to be).  They would find the idea of
suppressing those features simply bizarre.  When writing a document that is
going to be printed, whether we use Microsoft Word or LaTeX, we can put the
title of a book in italics; people have come to expect that the same is true
when they write email.

As for attachments, nowadays, many people have digital cameras and
high-speed Internet connections, and like to send photos to their friends
via email. It is no use telling these people that 'sending large attachments
is poor netiquette'; they and their friends have the requisite bandwidth,
and it doesn't bother them.

My own view is that these issues are red herrings.  Spam is spam whether it
consists of an ASCII text file or a JPEG.  Effective anti-spam measures
should stop spam regardless of its format.

Ben

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 14:21:45 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>

> > I'm sure there are legitimate uses of HTML mail, but I cannot remember
> > ever receiving one.
>
> I maintain a number of mailing lists which the members of various
> (non-technical) organizations use to communicate with each other.  The
> volume of legitimate HTML email on these lists is quite high.

Is it high because those people use bold, italic, and so forth or
because their MUAs send in HTML by default and they are not savvy
enough to fix that problem?


> Programmers and sysadmins, and people who started using email before MIME
> was introduced, tend to dislike HTML email. 

There is some truth to that, but it is overstated.

>                                              Other people see the ability to
> use boldface and italics as normal features of any text-editing environment
> (which they consider their MUA to be). 

That is also true, but overstated.  The vast majority of email is too
informal to have spell checking except where it is automatic (and I
doubt most users bother to turn it on).  People can almost never
(statistically) be bothered to notice typos confounding "you're" with
"your", and use bold and italics even less often.  However, that
implies nothing about not having reasonable text formating (not
"editing") facilities when you want them.


>                                         They would find the idea of
> suppressing those features simply bizarre.  When writing a document that is
> going to be printed, whether we use Microsoft Word or LaTeX, we can put the
> title of a book in italics; people have come to expect that the same is true
> when they write email.

What I find bizzare is the persistent equating of turning off HTML by
default with banning HTML.  Those responses make me wonder if I've
not been paying enough attention.  Is HTML mail being summarily rejected
by ISPs and commercial mail gateways?

Given facts of life including spam and web bugs, why would that be
worse than filtering mail with large attachments due to facts of life
including worms?


> As for attachments, nowadays, many people have digital cameras and
> high-speed Internet connections, and like to send photos to their friends
> via email. It is no use telling these people that 'sending large attachments
> is poor netiquette'; they and their friends have the requisite bandwidth,
> and it doesn't bother them.

That misrepresents the advice.  It is in fact poor netiquette to send
large attachments without knowing your targets want and can handle
them.  Once you know, there's no problem.

Are you advocating a right to send HTML or MByte attachments to perfect
strangers?  Why didn't you send your message in HTML, perhaps with a
picture of your significant other, house, new baby, car, or something
else close to your heart?


> My own view is that these issues are red herrings.  Spam is spam whether it
> consists of an ASCII text file or a JPEG.  Effective anti-spam measures
> should stop spam regardless of its format.

Yes, but equating not sending attachments without knowing your
correspondents want them with banning attachments or not using HTML to
send simply ASCII mail to banning HTML is a worse red herring.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> At 11:50 AM 6/19/2003 -0600, Selby Hatch wrote:
> 
>> There are other ways to authenticate an email with a server. I have
>> suggested one such method. It requires no DNS and could be used for
>> static and dynamic IP addresses. If you have the IP address of the
>> originating email, it is possible to trace that back to some entity even
>> if it's dialup. The method is found at:
>>
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05393.html 
>>
>>
>> and goes as follows:
>>
>> Sender authentication should be applied. A header called Sender-Auth or
>> Sender-Verification will be inserted into the message by the sending
>> server. It would consist of a delimited string containing the IP
>> address, server identification, and a timestamp. The string would be
>> preceded by the result of a function that was applied to that string as
>> it was sent by the originating server. A delimiter would separate the
>> function result from the string. The function would be implemented by
>> the server administrator and would be unique for that server or set of
>> servers.
>>
>> A protocol would be employed such that a receiving server could request
>> that the originating server verify that the Sender-Auth header is
>> consistent. The originating server would be required to apply it's
>> function to the string as sent by the requesting server and then return
>> the result. The receiving server would compare the returned function
>> result with the result in the Sender-Auth header and if they match, the
>> sending server is authentic.
> 
> 
> This basically would be Challenge/Response for mail servers, instead of 
> C/R for email addresses.
> 

True. And doesn't most spam originate from servers that they are trying 
to keep unidentified?


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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 17:20:20 -0400 (EDT)


Executive Summary: IT'S THE CRIME, STUPID!


I think these discussions are entirely missing the meat (heh) of the
spam problem.

The problem is, to paraphrase Crazy Eddie*:

       How do they do it?  volume!  Volume!! VOLUME!!!

And how do spammers achieve volume?

       crimes! Crimes!! CRIMES!!!

I have filters set up for many specific spams, typically on URLs in
the body text, going thru World (not my personal mailbox, the entire
system.)

I will see the same exact spam sent from dozens and sometimes hundreds
of different IP addresses in a day.

The spammers do not own those machines.

The machines are generally in dial-up, DSL, or cable modem pools and
appear to have been hijacked by viruses or similar, though not
exclusively.

This is already illegal.

Fraud and illegality are a spammers' stock in trade.

    That means they do not sell advertising.

    They do not sell e-mail marketing services.

    What they sell their customers is CRIME.

They'll use 150 computers illegally to send out your spam. Their
customers aren't so inclined. So better to pay the spammer a few
bucks.

It's similar to the old organized crime waste-dumping where you'd pay
some guys a few bucks in cash and they'd take your toxic waste away in
a truck and dump it on the side of the highway or some other place in
the middle of the night.

You could drive your own toxic waste to someplace out of the way and
just dump it, but you don't have the inherent criminality; you don't
consider 12 months in a medium-security lock-up every few years a cost
of doing business. So you pay these guys and don't ask too many
questions where your waste is going or how they dispose of it so
cheaply.

    THEY weren't in the toxic waste removal business.

    And spammers aren't in the email marketing business.

    They are both selling CRIME.

Fraud and illegallity are the only thing which makes it possible for
spammers to be the problem they are.

If the fraud and illegality which allows spammers to exploit untold
thousands if not millions of others' computers were stopped (or even
just seriously reduced) spam would not be much of a problem.

If spammers had to own the machines and not steal resources wantonly:

  a) They couldn't afford enough machines to be much of a nuisance any
     more than those guys in waste-management could pay to have your
     toxic waste properly disposed of. The criminality is essential to
     their business model.

  b) They couldn't afford the bandwidth and connectivity.

  c) We'd all know where it was coming from even if they could manage
     to set it up so we'd just block it anyhow.

If Ralsky (e.g.) truly had rackloads of machines pumping multiple T3's
or better we'd just block the IPs and it'd be over. If they hijacked
ip blocks that'd be discovered quickly and be responded to also.

But he and other spammers don't work that way.

They jump between hundreds and hundreds of compromised computers.

Ok, what to do isn't easy or obvious, BUT THAT'S ALL we really have to
do and these guys are out of business, for all intents and purposes.

Would you ever see another spam? Yes. Your kid brother downstairs with
the hand-me-down Apple-][ could spam you, c'mon, get serious.

Would we see millions upon millions of spams being sent out all over
the internet which we can't block?

No, almost certainly not.

Would we see dictionary attacks and similar mind-boggling bulk
attacks?

No, almost certainly not. Rather simple filters/firewalls would catch
them and shut them off because they wouldn't be hopping around between
hundrds of compromised machines with seemingly random IP addresses.

Just to demonstrate, attached below are the 141 different IP addresses
used between midnight and about 5PM *TODAY* (i.e., 17 hours) seen by
ONE server here for the same peace4earth.com spam (online pharmacy no
prescription necessary etc.)

All these machines have spewed the same exact spam message today:

144.136.188.26
148.223.188.163
166.114.107.98
168.126.169.195
194.149.108.140
194.222.2.132
195.146.157.49
195.226.230.200
195.38.105.32
195.77.209.5
210.103.209.187
210.107.38.24
210.18.122.10
210.196.88.115
210.49.252.134
210.49.35.166
210.7.84.103
210.83.219.132
212.142.189.146
212.150.88.36
213.134.0.8
213.178.69.82
213.229.7.76
213.245.66.166
213.76.139.210
213.8.90.124
213.96.78.12
213.96.98.101
213.97.182.231
216.104.197.157
217.10.248.122
217.107.128.90
217.133.25.4
217.159.17.146
217.218.89.149
217.219.166.6
217.37.65.89
218.106.244.2
218.135.142.155
218.152.51.197
218.234.135.162
218.242.115.80
218.253.129.63
218.253.168.99
218.253.33.71
218.64.148.222
218.64.151.147
218.64.211.22
218.64.86.38
219.145.195.104
219.232.25.221
219.241.175.134
219.241.3.45
220.120.60.4
220.121.152.206
220.125.152.91
220.168.130.74
220.40.224.29
220.70.167.99
220.72.211.120
220.83.131.175
220.84.110.82
220.86.180.223
220.87.245.28
220.92.247.7
61.10.43.85
61.10.76.27
61.100.215.253
61.11.76.122
61.15.141.194
61.15.196.157
61.16.132.39
61.16.133.19
61.16.150.6
61.161.97.202
61.171.149.58
61.18.156.192
61.18.50.198
61.184.37.171
61.187.68.2
61.236.107.10
61.238.167.165
61.243.63.3
61.26.188.189
61.32.66.204
61.39.4.196
61.42.67.233
61.42.84.83
61.43.149.135
61.43.153.231
61.52.63.153
61.53.202.109
61.66.104.251
61.70.123.156
61.74.2.189
61.78.159.172
61.96.154.84
61.97.43.233
62.117.78.235
62.121.12.28
62.141.70.94
62.143.165.76
62.193.75.114
62.253.113.94
62.32.38.22
62.43.121.103
62.43.121.46
62.56.179.147
62.57.109.183
64.187.38.68
66.130.203.126
80.132.60.153
80.179.64.8
80.198.62.112
80.232.222.8
80.26.113.36
80.32.12.234
80.32.126.242
80.32.141.144
80.33.100.178
80.33.215.46
80.33.62.168
80.35.160.47
80.35.73.190
80.35.82.133
80.36.157.166
80.4.4.110
80.50.134.132
80.55.178.34
80.56.116.171
80.59.244.197
80.83.39.243
81.102.213.101
81.130.202.75
81.202.22.228
81.202.96.77
81.203.72.212
81.218.30.231
81.220.66.251
81.66.157.15
81.98.93.221



Executive Conclusion:   It's the CRIME, STUPID!




* Crazy Eddie was a colorful character who owned a small chain of
small appliance stores in the NY/NJ area. His ads were generally him
running frenetically between items for sale laid out on a table in one
of his stores yelling and screaming product names and prices at the
camera and finishing up with one or both of "OUR PRICES ARE INSANE!"
and "HOW DO WE DO IT? VOLUME! VOLUME!!  VOLUME!!!"

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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Subject: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> At 01:27 PM 6/19/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> 
>> [..]
>>
>> >           Our challenge should be to figure out how to give the users
>> > what they want without exposing them to unnecessary risks. If the
>> > problem is a difficult one to solve, it isn't because what the users
>> > want is some that is not "legitimage," rather, it simply means that
>> > we're not being creative enough in defining solutions.
>>
>> I carefully did not say that all HTML is illegitimate.  So why are
>> you implying that I did?  Do you have some vested interest in HTML
>> mail software?  As I said, some HTML mail is legitimate and because
>> of the size of the Internet, that tiny minority is a lot of messages.
>> However, that tiny minority of legitimate HTML mail has nothing to do
>> with the vastly larger bazillions of messages from end users that are
>> in HTML only because their MUAs use HTML by default.
>>
>> Then there are the bazillions of spam in HTML.
>> [..]
> 
> 
> Then the question is do we sacrifice this minority of legit HTML 
> messages in order to kill spam.

I agree. We should not sacrifice any email types or formats to kill spam.

Rather than limit the types of email that we receive, we should state 
that we will only receive email from (1) a server that can be verified 
as the one from where the email originated and (2) an individual or 
entity who has received authorization from me to send me email, which 
authorization can be verified upon receipt.

By limiting the mime types, base64, html, etc., we limit a great deal of 
useful features.


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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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>> Maintaining white lists for users in places other 
> than their computers raises privacy issues as 
> mentioned many times prior.

First, let me point out that traditional "whitelists" have a number of problems 
with them.  I think that many of those problems are mitigated by a 
PERMISSIONS-based whitelist such as I propose.

Specifically, people willing to send plain ASCII text without encoding or 
attachments (and without any HTML tags) would have their messages (by default, 
at least) go through without any problems at all.  This would enable those 
wishing to receive unsolicited messages (say, from consumers of a company's 
products, or from prospective new clients for my consulting services) to do so 
without any problems.

HTML, attachments, and encoded text HUGELY magnify not just the bulk and 
bandwidth of E-mail, but also create VASTLY increased risk and opportunity for 
obscuring mail content, malicious code, and other fraud and deception.  These 
features are simply not needed in basic E-mail (and that should include ALL 
unsolicited E-mail).  

Therefore, it makes sense in the "whitelist" to specify SPECIAL PRIVILEGES that 
are granted by a recipient to familiar, trusted, and justified senders of those 
kinds of costlier, riskier E-mail.  Those untrusted/unknown/unfamiliar senders 
who [ab]use these features without prearrangement to do that ought to find their 
E-mail bounced or even just simply discarded.

The GREAT majority of spam (and certainly the most 
dangerous/malicous/fraudulent), not to mention nearly all viruses and worms, are 
blocked virtually immediately by this simple, straightforward strategy... and 
one that can be implemented without major technological breakthrough or global 
re-engineering consensus.  Even better, most of the spam/fraud E-mail remaining 
can be rather readily dealt with using various content filters.

> As has also been mentioned many times in the past, the use of
"virtual" or "implicit" whitelists 

I don't like anything that precludes unannounced delivery of (ordinary, plain 
text) mail from unexpected senders.  Those mails can commonly include inquiries 
from potential new clients and customers.

> ...by means of using single-user
addresses or passing authentication tokens as part of messages 

Authentication tokens typically require special software provisions on the part 
of both the sender and the recipient.  It likewise requires coordination and 
agreements on methodology and techniques so that we don't end up with a 
crazy-quilt patchwork, which doesn't suit ANYBODY.

One nice thing about what I propose is that it can be implemented at the 
recipient ISP and is a single-ended system which doesn't require concurrence or 
adaptation by anybody else, other than merely sending unanticipated/unannounced 
E-mail in plain ASCII text (which should be the case, really, anyhow).

> can give the effect of whitelists while reducing significantly the privacy
issues. (since the whitelist is distributed, it is harder to
reconstruct.)

The whitelist I propose NEVER needs to be sent to anybody, other than (if the 
restriction is done at the ISP or domain provider, which has the advantage of 
truncating the spam sooner in the delivery chain) only just the point where the 
filtering is done.  I don't think that the sender should be told by any 
automatic means what their permissions are (other than unacceptable mail MAYBE 
being bounced) and CERTAINLY nobody should be able to retrieve a copy of the 
ISP/domain provider's overall permissions list.  Another advantage of my 
approach is that there is NO NEED to make any of that information available to 
anybody else.

> When discussing "whitelisting" we should not confuse the
mechanism with the concept. The concept is that some subset of the
entire universe of senders is given preferred access to an inbox. 

Up to that point, at least, my approach matches your definition of "whitelist" 
as a concept...

> This can either be by checking against an explicit whitelist which is
represented as a monolithic list of senders and privledges or it can be
done algorithmically by checking properties of the sent message (i.e.
tokens in headers or in addresses) to determine if the sender is on an
"implicit" or "virtual" whitelist.

I don't like that sort of approach because it means that senders must make 
special provisions to send to specific users, leading either to the "crazy 
quilt" patchwork thing I mentioned before... or to the need for some kind of 
global agreement for some new kind of E-mail, which will inevitably break many 
currently operating (legitimate) senders.

I'd like to see the permissions be changeable by the recipient at any time, 
besides, and that speaks against a token they'd deliver to an "approved sender" 
should that previously trusted sender betray that trust.

It's really rather like using an answering machine to screen your calls... where 
the sender calls and presents their case, and the recipient can listen silently 
and decide whether or not (based on caller ID, perhaps, and the message format 
and content) they wish to pick up and accept the message.

The GREAT majority of techniques used by spammers to obscure, defraud, mislead, 
deceive, and confuse are based on tricks of HTML, attachments, and encoding, 
including message-as-text, tricked-up obscured URLs, bogus HTML tags in the 
middle of words, misleading links, teeny 1-point text the same color as the 
background, and other such nonsense.  Denying them *all* of those techniques in 
one fell swoop will deliver a _serious_ blow to spammers and fraudsters, at a 
minimum cost (indeed, at a considerable BENEFIT) to both legitimate users and 
ISPs.

And the availability of the "whitelist" still allows (by prearranged agreement) 
any trusted sender to continue to send any of those features in their E-mail to 
willing recipients.

I *really* do believe that this offers the best combination I've seen of safety, 
effectiveness, and low cost (implementation/operating) of any approach I've seen 
to date.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Barry Shein wrote:

> Executive Summary: IT'S THE CRIME, STUPID!
> 
> 
> I think these discussions are entirely missing the meat (heh) of the
> spam problem.
> 
> The problem is, to paraphrase Crazy Eddie*:
> 
>        How do they do it?  volume!  Volume!! VOLUME!!!
> 
> And how do spammers achieve volume?
> 
>        crimes! Crimes!! CRIMES!!!
> 
(snip)
> 
> 
> 
> Executive Conclusion:   It's the CRIME, STUPID!
> 
> 

If this is the case, then the answer is statutory. Make the owner of the 
server responsible for it's security. If the owner can't secure it, then 
he looses his connection until he proves that it is secure.



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>> ...when you actually look at the spam (and viruses, and worms) 
>going
>through the Net, the *great* majority of it is pernicious (and hard to 
>filter)
>due to various tricks generally exploiting HTML, encoded text, and 
>attachments.

>>It's notable, I think, that very little LEGITIMATE E-mail content (and
>relatively few senders) need to send E-mail containing those types of content.

>> In my case, I would probably enable less than 10-15% of my correspondents to
>send me that type of stuff.
>[..]

> Can ISPs on the list provide some statistics on percentage of legimitate 
email coming in as HTML, attachments, base64, etc. 

I'd like to see such numbers.

A lot depends on whether you're talking about message volume (percentage of 
bytes) or message ratios (percentage of messages, disregarding sizes of 
messages).

There are some skewing factors which also need to be taken into consideration, 
such as the fact that Hotmail and AOL (notably) as well as Microsoft Outlook are 
perversely set by default to send HTML-burdened E-mail, and by and large without 
any good reason for that.  In most cases, it's POSSIBLE to force those services 
to send plain ASCII text E-mails, although many users are clueless regarding 
even the need for that, let alone how to do it.  

But it's fairly safe to say that, once AOL and other such large-volume ISPs and 
software vendors get the religion, the great majority of 
needlessly-HTML-burdened E-mail would vanish from the Net in short order.

It would also be interesting to see what percentage of the attachments that ARE 
sent are of what types (dangrous PIF/EXE/SCR/etc versus safe GIF/JPG/PDF/TXT).

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Barry Shein wrote:

> Executive Summary: IT'S THE CRIME, STUPID!
> 
> 
> I think these discussions are entirely missing the meat (heh) of the
> spam problem.
> 
> The problem is, to paraphrase Crazy Eddie*:
> 
>        How do they do it?  volume!  Volume!! VOLUME!!!
> 
> And how do spammers achieve volume?
> 
>        crimes! Crimes!! CRIMES!!!
> 
(snip)
> 
> 
> Executive Conclusion:   It's the CRIME, STUPID!
> 
> 
> 

On the other hand, if there is no place to dump the waste (blocking of 
spam through various measures), the illigitmate garbage man will be out 
of business.


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>>There are a number of us advanced/small users with home offices who presently
>run our own outgoing SMTP mail server, behind a router using NAT.  Not all
>(valid, legitimate!) outgoing SMTP servers have fixed/permanent IP addresses.

>>Likewise, since I have a "residential" type high speed connection, I have 
>*very*
>limited abilities (and that only because of my own domain names, but I don't
>have my own Net-accessible DNS server in any case) to manipulate the DNS 
>records
>associated with those domains.

>>I suspect that a fair number of other consultant-type users are in a similar
>boat to myself on points like this.  It's the needs of some of us
>'advanced/small' users which the spf folks seem willing to totally ignore.

> I have my own SMTP server as well since my ISP does not provide one. 
HOWEVER, all IP addresses assigned by my ISP have reverse DNS records. I 
believe this is not a problem AS LONG AS ISPs will provide those problems.

The problem is that most large end-user-type ISPs really don't want the support 
hassles of supporting user DNS issues (which is part of why they price those 
services SO much higher).

> RMX/SPF and similar systems on the other hand will cause a problem. 

Indeed.

> Someone earlier suggested that free DNS systems such as dyndns.org would 
provide RMX functionality for such cases.

Yes, but as I understand it they won't do much if anything for those of us who 
are still behind NAT and router, since domain names mapping to a nonroutable 
192.168.n.n address seem pretty pointless... am I wrong?  :-)

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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To: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
cc: asrg@ietf.org, brunner@nic-naa.net
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information... 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 19 Jun 2003 17:20:20 EDT."
             <200306192120.RAA16724@world.std.com> 
From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 17:42:04 -0400

Barry,

I sent a similar note to the nanog two days ago, with no response.

I've no idea why this is of so little interest to so many people,
I think its actually rather cool, and getting the terminating
condition to converge to "soon" is worth working on.

I just don't see why this should be done on a list that assumes
that no temporal properties of spam systems exist.

Eric

Message-Id: <200306181530.h5IFU1iC048040@nic-naa.net>
To: Miles Fidelman <mfidelman@civicnet.org>
cc: nanog@merit.edu, brunner
Subject: Re: OT: question re. the Volume of unwanted email (fwd) 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 18 Jun 2003 10:51:17 EDT."
             <Pine.GSO.4.31.0306181044200.17608-100000@sun10101.dn.net> 
Date: Wed, 18 Jun 2003 11:30:01 -0400
From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>

While the question (metrics for operators, backbone-to-retail, spam) is
current in the asrg list, the question is posed by (informally) by the
(outgoing) secretary of the ICANN Registrar's Constituency to a listserv
in the AOL playpen. The question is not current in the Registrar's
Constituency, not is it likely to be, IMHO.

There are several ways nanog'ers can take it, back to the AOL listserv,
or over the fence to the irtf/asrg playpen, or yawn.

There is one modality of spam that interests me technically, one that
Bill touched on in his note in the "rr style scanning" thread, and
Sean and others have touched on in the "use trojans" thread. Buffering
up hosts (acquired via technical means), and expending hosts (sending
until some terminal condition occurs) at a rate approximating the rate
of buffer-fill.

Anyone else interested drop me a line. Better still would be the peer
reviewed paper in the open literature that answers all the questions
I've thought of, and haven't thought of.

Eric

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: Asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 15:52:11 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Selby Hatch <selby_hatch@azza.com>

> ...
> I agree. We should not sacrifice any email types or formats to kill spam.
>
> Rather than limit the types of email that we receive, we should state 
> that we will only receive email from (1) a server that can be verified 
> as the one from where the email originated and (2) an individual or 
> entity who has received authorization from me to send me email, which 
> authorization can be verified upon receipt.

That's a good policy for people for whom mail is only a recreation or
hobby.  It does not work for people whose bread and butter depends on
receiving mail from strangers. 

There are also problems with (1).  As stated it is impractical.  For
example, it outlaws smart hosts.  It also doesn't do anything about
the large quantity of spam that comes from spammers' own computers.
There are also major practical problems with notion of "trust."

Barry Shein's rant about criminal hijacking was only 53.2% right.
It ignored the fact that a lot of spam advertises web pages on
non-hijacked systems.  Since few if any ISPs don't outlaw spamvertising,
the reason spammers use proxies and relays can't be fears of having
accounts terminated.  Instead, they use criminal mechanisms to evade
IP address and domain name blacklists.


> By limiting the mime types, base64, html, etc., we limit a great deal of 
> useful features.

The notion of outlawing MIME, Base64, HTML, etc among consenting MTAs
and MUAs is red herring.  No one can seriously propose eliminating them.

However, you would cut down you spam load significantly if you rejected
all mail with "Content-type: text/html" SMTP or MIME entity headers
from strangers.  24672 or 73% of the 33807 spam in my 39 day rolling
log of what has been sent toward my traps and filters has that mark.
(It should be 40 days, but I had an attack of bad hands and eyes
this morning.)


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 22:55:18 +0100

On Thu, Jun 19, 2003 at 02:21:45PM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> > I maintain a number of mailing lists which the members of various
> > (non-technical) organizations use to communicate with each other.  The
> > volume of legitimate HTML email on these lists is quite high.
> 
> Is it high because those people use bold, italic, and so forth or
> because their MUAs send in HTML by default and they are not savvy
> enough to fix that problem?

I'm not sure, but my impression is that there's a fair amount of both.

> What I find bizzare is the persistent equating of turning off HTML by
> default with banning HTML.

Fair enough.  But even if all MUAs turned off HTML by default, spammers
would continue to use HTML.

Getting back to Gordon Peterson's proposal, he suggests a mechanism which
would discourage the use of HTML and attachments, by forcing people to
explicitly give others permission to send them those types of messages.
This is meant to reduce the effectiveness of spam and address-harvesting
techniques, and increase the effectiveness of content filters.

Unfortunately, I think the vast majority of computer users have absolutely
no idea what HTML is.  As a sysadmin, I've tried to explain it to people,
and their eyes glaze over. They also have trouble grasping the notion of
'plain text', i.e. a format that doesn't support all the things they
normally think of as being available in 'text' (which for them means what's
available in Microsoft Word).  Once they understand the severe limitations
of this wonderful 'plain text' format which I'm encouraging them to use, the
first thing they want to know is how to make sure that they never use it.
They *like* the fact that when you reply to a message, Outlook puts the
quoted text in a different colour; they feel that it makes messages easier
to read.  To them, right angle-brackets look like something out of the Stone
Age.

Imagine Sally User, who is a customer service representative, or a
freelancer.  Her ISP starts offering the proposed permissions service.  She
has no idea what HTML is, but she gathers that it's something about reducing
spam, so she accepts the default permissions, which are quite restrictive.
Suddenly people who write to Sally find that their messages bounce, with an
automated reply saying: 'Please send me a plain-text message asking for
permission to send me HTML email or attachments.' These correspondents have
no idea what this means (remember, they don't know what HTML is, either),
and are put off by the fact that their email was rejected.  So they simply
take their business somewhere else, to another company or freelancer who
doesn't reject their email.  When Sally finds out, she's horrified, and
quickly sets her permissions to accept anything from anyone.

I suspect that most people, if they understood that restrictive permissions
would cause legitimate messages to bounce, would opt for giving full
permissions to all senders.

As for making content filtering more effective, it would be easy for content
filters to strip out all the HTML tags, comments, JavaScript, etc. from a
message before filtering.  No need to actually parse the HTML.  (I'd be
surprised if there weren't content filters that do this already.)

Finally, even if this proposal worked exactly as planned, why couldn't
spammers do just fine with ASCII?  The Nigerian 419 spammers and their
imitators have been using ASCII all along, and if they were a bit more
clever about their wording, it would be quite difficult to filter.

Again, I think this is all really beside the point.  We're here to come up
with a mechanism to stop unsolicited bulk email.  Gordon's proposal is
concerned with some superficial properties that much spam currently has, but
doesn't deal with the core issues: 'unsolicited' and 'bulk'.

Ben

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Vernon Schryver wrote:


> 
> That's a good policy for people for whom mail is only a recreation or
> hobby.  It does not work for people whose bread and butter depends on
> receiving mail from strangers. 
> 
(snip)
>
> The notion of outlawing MIME, Base64, HTML, etc among consenting MTAs
> and MUAs is red herring.  No one can seriously propose eliminating them.
> 
> However, you would cut down you spam load significantly if you rejected
> all mail with "Content-type: text/html" SMTP or MIME entity headers
> from strangers.  
> 

How can you have it both ways? You either receive email from strangers 
or you don't. Those who want to recieve mail from strangers can simply 
not block any email, or continue to use filters. Those who don't, should 
be able to require verifiable identification through some means.

If one's bread and butter dependes on receiving email from strangers, 
then they need an open mail box. Most (I believe a very high percentage) 
of email users don't depend on email from strangers for their living.


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> HTML email is also used by many companies for legitimate purposes.

True enough, but they CERTAINLY don't need to send such HTML-burdened E-mail to 
users who have not indicated their ability to handle it, and their willingness 
to receive it.  When they grant such permission to the sender, they can also 
update their sender-specific whitelist to also let it (for approved senders) 
pass through their ISP.

>>   2)  graphic-mode-text (likewise);

> Same comment as above.

Please give a good, compelling example of why a sender would need to send 
(without prior agreement with the intended recipient) unsolicited graphic-mode 
text.

And in particular, things like cellphones, WebTV, pocketPCs maybe, SMS messaging 
units and so forth are probably not going to be able to handle such unsolicited 
mails.  Senders should NOT blithely send such stuff to users not specifically 
authorizing such transmissions in advance.

>>   3)  links which purport to be one thing but where the actual hyperlink 
> in fact (and usually invisibly) points somewhere else;

> Many spammers own their own domains and will not lose out from this.

The issue is for example when a hyperlink DISPLAYS "www.paypal.com" but actually 
goes to "www.paypal.com@34.125.19.6" (or whatever) instead.  I've received 
examples of such fraudulent E-mails.  It will be less likely when the recipient 
has to VISIBLY copy-and-paste the (real) URL into their browser.  They'll be far 
more suspicious of complicated/obscured URLs than when they can't readily see 
them.

>>   4)  scripting where the message displayed only can be viewed as a 
> result of
>the computational process, again to make things difficult for content filters.

>>Attachments (especially in unsolicited E-mails) tend to frequently contain
>viruses, worms, "background music" that's actually a PIF or EXE file, and 
>things
>of that sort.  Getting attachments from someone who doesn't ordinarily send
>those is a warning sign that it might well be malicious.

> Not all attachments are bad.

No, of course not.  But it's VERY rare that anyone legitimately needs to send an 
attachment to some recipient without prior arrangement or consent.  And with 
such prior approval, they CAN still send attachments without restriction.  They 
just have to get permission (and approval) first.  (And once that's done, they 
can presumably send them on an ongoing basis without any further hassle, 
either).

>>By enabling a user to simply t-can any unexpected HTML-burdened (or
>attachment-carrying) incoming message (and ideally as soon as it got to their
>domain provider or ISP), spammers would be denied many of their most 
>cherished
>and valuable tricks.  Content filters would be far more useful and 
>efficient.
>And much more of the remaining unsolicited spam that WOULD still be sent 
>would
>be sent in plain ASCII text (knowing that sending unsolicited HTML E-mail was
>the kiss of death...) meaning it would reduce wasted bandwidth for such
>remaining spam mail net-wide by at least a factor of three to five.

> Thus proposal addresses many of the tricks that are used by spammers TODAY. 

Yes, exactly.

> As Vernon and many others mentioned on the list before spammers change very 
quickly and can adapt their practices very quickly as well. 

True enough, but it's surprising how many of those tricks merely exploit OTHER 
peculiarities of attachments, HTML, scripting (based on HTML) and encoding.  I 
think those are the ENABLING technology for the great majority of their tricks 
and deceptions.

It's POSSIBLE that they'll come up with more techniques, suitable for plain 
ASCII text E-mails (I've seen spams that display the chutzpah to urge their 
recipients to enable scripting so the spammer can abuse that... although I've 
not seen such in a while, so maybe it turned out to not be a very successful 
ruse).

In any case, this technique will put a MAJOR crimp in their techniques, as well 
as come down hard on MOST viruses/worms/trojans.... then, I suppose, we can see 
what they come up with next, and deal with that as needed.  :-)

> This scheme would be just a band aid to block some forms of spam until 
spammers will figure out a way around it just like many other proposals.. 

Certainly, but I think it's a VERY cheap and effective bandaid which blocks THE 
GREAT MAJORITY of spam, and is effective virtually from day one of the 
implementation.  I haven't seen anything as cheap, as readily implementable, and 
as effective, let alone an anti-spam technique that would also be so effective 
against virtually all viruses/worms/trojans.

> Additionally, many of the "Nigerian Scams" arrive as plain ASCII emails 
already and this scheme will not stop them.

Absolutely, but content filters usually can make pretty short work of most of 
those.  The permission-based filter (by essentially blocking most of the tricks) 
make the remaining stuff pretty easy and straightforward for content filters to 
then take over the bulk of the residual.

I don't think ANY of these will eliminate ALL fraudulent E-mails, but they'll 
certainly go a long way towards putting the kibosh on the all-too-familiar 
recurring ones.

Again, we don't HAVE to eliminate ALL spam.  We just have to give it a success 
rate below the threshold at which it is profitable and worthwhile for 
spammers... below that critical mass, much of the rest may well just wither away 
on its own.

> Another concern with this sceme is the fact that email will go back to the 
dark ages with no support for attachments and no HTML support. 

There is FULL support for attachment and HTML support... but ONLY for senders 
who have made arrangements in advance with their recipients to authorize that.

Some of us have preferred E-mail clients which don't support HTML anyhow... we 
should NEVER have that crap foisted upon us without wanting it.

Again, remember that HTML-burdened E-mail is typically 3-5x bulkier (and thus 
more costly) all the way along the line... not to mention filling up my Inbox to 
overflowing 3-5x sooner than it would otherwise.  That's a cost that is real and 
genuine, and I'm very unconvinced that (for MOST people) the incremental value 
of the information thus received is "worth it". 

But if it IS, it would be easy to authorize it, based on the senders you want to 
get it from.

> This may increase people's use for email which is already under attack by 
spammers.  Is the medicine as bitter as the problem?

I certainly think not!!!!  All you do is to grant such trusted senders the 
ability to send (or continue sending) the mail you trust them with.  While 
blocking such risky/bulky/suspect stuff from everybody else.

> Also, blocking base64 encoding would block email schemes where digital 
signatures are used.

Again, there is no point in sending digital signatures before you've made 
arrangements with the recipient to be able to receive and deal with those.  I 
don't think it's ever needed to send those unsolicited, as a primary contact 
with a given recipient.

Once you've established a relationship with those recipients, they can enable 
such encoding from you and there's NO further restrictions for YOUR exchanges of 
those types of E-mails.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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> From: gep2@terabites.com

> ...
> Specifically, people willing to send plain ASCII text without encoding or 
>attachments (and without any HTML tags) would have their messages (by default, 
> at least) go through without any problems at all.  This would enable those 
> wishing to receive unsolicited messages (say, from consumers of a company's 
>products, or from prospective new clients for my consulting services) to do so 
> without any problems.
>
> HTML, attachments, and encoded text HUGELY magnify not just the bulk and 
>bandwidth of E-mail, but also create VASTLY increased risk and opportunity for 
> obscuring mail content, malicious code, and other fraud and deception.  These 
> features are simply not needed in basic E-mail (and that should include ALL 
> unsolicited E-mail).  

That's a very good way to make point.

People sendng strangers any sort of unsolicited email that involves
anything except plaintext ASCII are demonstrating either a severe lack
of clues or politeness or that the languages they share with the
recipient do not include any European languages.  For obligate English
speakers, either can be a good reason to discard mail unread.

(Note the "can be a good reason."  It won't be a good reason for
some situations.)


>Therefore, it makes sense in the "whitelist" to specify SPECIAL PRIVILEGES that 
>are granted by a recipient to familiar, trusted, and justified senders of those 
>kinds of costlier, riskier E-mail.  Those untrusted/unknown/unfamiliar senders 
>who [ab]use these features without prearrangement to do that ought to find their 
>E-mail bounced or even just simply discarded.

Yes!

(Could you adjust your line length to less than 78?  My ancient MUA
doesn't rewrap lines, and I think it shouldn't.  I control my own line 
lengths by piping paragraphs through `fmt` as I edit them with `vi`.)


> ...
> One nice thing about what I propose is that it can be implemented at the 
> recipient ISP ...

Yes, but until ISPs can tell users who complain "run the Netscape or
Microsoft auto-update mechanism", they will not and cannot do such
filtering by default.

    ]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]


] From: gep2@terabites.com

] ...
] > Someone earlier suggested that free DNS systems such as dyndns.org would 
] provide RMX functionality for such cases.
]
] Yes, but as I understand it they won't do much if anything for those of us who 
] are still behind NAT and router, since domain names mapping to a nonroutable 
] 192.168.n.n address seem pretty pointless... am I wrong?  :-)

I'm sorry, but you are wrong.  Today "NAT" boxes usually include port
mapping.  You configure such a box to rewrite and forward incoming
packets for TCP port 25 to some port at one of your RFC 1918 addresses.
NAT is a great evil, but it can be made to handle a few cases including
FTP and SMTP servers.

The only significant problems with using an SMTP server behind a NAT
box on a dynamic IP address are that:

  - dynamic DNS does not work very well when your address not only
     can change but does change and if your definition of "work
     very well" is what might be called "professional grade"

  - your dynamic IP address is likely to be ratted out to blacklists
     of dynamic address by its reverse DNS name or your ISP.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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> Vernon Schryver wrote:

>> The overwhelmingly vast majority of the use of HTML is
> at best a waste of bandwidth and CPU cycles. 

> This is, at best, a representation of a personal, subjective
opinion. 

Maybe so, but let me stand as one who FIRMLY agrees with it.  :-)

> The reality is that there is great demand for "rich text"
messaging and there always has been. 

Perhaps, but RARELY among those who:

   1)  appreciate the cost differential, and

   2)  understand what it means.

The great majority of HTML-burdened E-mail is sent by clueless AOL, Hotmail and 
Outlook users who don't even realize that that's what they're sending.

Even if the SENDER "likes" it, many recipients don't if for no other reason than 
that their inbox fills up and overflows 3-5x sooner than it would otherwise... 
and that can create MONUMENTAL problems for recipients, cancelled mailing list 
subscriptions, and so forth.  At a MINIMUM, the sender should clear such 
formatting with recipients FIRST, before just presuming that it's okay.

> There are many clear indicators that large numbers of people like to both send 
and receive HTML formatted messages. 

I don't think that's true at all, and in particular not for people who realize 
the implications of it.

>	As far back as 1981, when I first started selling one of the
first "corporate" email systems, Digital's ALL-IN-1 office, customers
were asking for and often demanding "rich text" or "high quality" email
messaging capabilities. 

If they want "high quality" e-mail there are a whole variety of options, going 
well beyond HTML.  One is to send .DOC files (which can be read with freeware 
viewers), another is Adobe PDF files.  In any case, such mail does not have to 
be sent from unknown/untrusted/unfamiliar senders.  It's NOT a good idea to send 
such stuff until you've verified that your recipients are prepared (and 
willing!) to receive such higher-cost, reduced-compatibility messages.

And if they REALLY WANT to use HTML, another approach without most of the bulk 
is to put it up on a Web server (using an 'unguessable' URL) and E-mail (as 
plain ASCII text) the URL to the intended recipient.

> If anything, the demand for such a capability has increased over time.

Mostly, the "demand" for such features have come from perversely creative 
spammers who use these features to deceive/mislead/obscure.

> It is no more reasonable to demand that the world accept that
email should not contain rendering information 

That's NOT AT ALL what we're proposing.  We're saying that such E-mail is NOT 
suitable for an INITIAL, unsolicited contact.  Once a relationship is 
established between a sender and a recipient, the recipient can enable HTML 
(etc) for that sender IF THEY WISH TO.  Meanwhile, unsolicited, UNWANTED, 
UNTRUSTED users of those technologies are quickly and easily sent packing (which 
is, after all, the goal).

> than it would be for some
religious sect to demand that we not "pollute" the walls of our homes
with art. Our challenge should be to figure out how to give the users
what they want without exposing them to unnecessary risks. 

What the USERS want is to block spam and malicious content 
(viruses/worms/trojans) coming from people they don't want to hear from.

Users wanting HTML or attachments from indicated senders could enable that 
easily.  Perhaps (implementation at specific ISPs permitting) they could even 
opt to open back up to (just that recipient) receive attachments/HTML/encoding 
from just anybody, but then they don't have much cause to complain about getting 
the spam that they're then putting out the welcome mat for.

I think that most users would be DELIGHTED with the tremendous reduction in spam 
count and volume that my solution would yield, and would find that the minor 
effort to re-enable trusted senders would be well worth the huge benefit.

[I don't deny that SOME users are going to be HUGELY annoyed by widespread 
adoption of my proposal... but that group is going to be mostly spammers, 
abusers, and virus authors, and I think we can agree that those are precisely 
the users for whom we don't mind making their life a lot more difficult. :-) ]

> If the problem is a difficult one to solve, it isn't because what the users
want is some that is not "legitimage," rather, it simply means that
we're not being creative enough in defining solutions.

I think the solution as I'm proposing would be cheap, easily implemented, HIGHLY 
effective, and with minimum-to-no impact on most users.  It would GREATLY reduce 
the costs to ISPs (and thus to users) of spam and wasteful HTML-burdened e-mail 
while still allowing them to get basically everything they want to receive.

>> There is far more use of HTML mail to violate privacy
> with such as "web bugs" than legitimate use.

> I don't believe this to be true. I get loads of "legitimate"
HTML mail every day. 

Some people probably do, but rarely do they need to receive it from 
unknown/untrusted people UNSOLICITED.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>>> Also, blocking base64 encoding would block email schemes where digital
> > signatures are used.

>> That is entirely mistaken.  You might want to ensure that sender and
>recipient agree on whether to sign the encoded or plaintext versions
>of the message, but that's all.

> In the scheme proposed by Art Pollard, a copy of the public key would be 
included with the signed message. Common format for public key certificates 
use base 64 encoded, outright ban of all base-64 email would be a problem 
for this. The point I was trying to make is that outright ban on ALL 
base-64 email is not a simple as it sounds. There are legit applications 
that use it and such banning approach would have to take them into account.

I wouldn't propose BANNING base64 encoding... not at all.  But I don't think 
there's much if any point in including it in E-mails if the recipient isn't 
ready to accept it.  If a recipient is prepared to accept base64 encoding from 
specific senders (those for which they have a public key, for instance) then 
it's easy enough to turn base64 permission on for those trusted senders.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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On 18-Jun-2003 Benjamin Geer wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 18, 2003 at 12:56:04PM -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>> There are a number of us advanced/small users with home offices who presently 
>> run our own outgoing SMTP mail server, behind a router using NAT.  Not all 
>> (valid, legitimate!) outgoing SMTP servers have fixed/permanent IP addresses.
> 
> If you have dynamic IP addresses, why run your own MTA?  It's no use
> for incoming mail, and for outgoing mail you could use your ISP's MTA.

I don't trust my service provider to properly handle
outgoing mail.  I see the countless problem with their
pop server and even basic Internet connectivity.  IMO
they have amply demonstrated that they are not compentent.
Alternatives?  What alternatives?  They are a monopoly.



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> Then the question is do we sacrifice this minority of legit HTML messages 
in order to kill spam.

We don't sacrifice those AT ALL... ONLY the ability to send such [supposedly] 
"legit" HTML-burdened messages UNSOLICITED, to those who have specifically set 
their E-mail accounts to NOT receive such mail from 
unsolicited/unknown/untrusted senders.

WHOSE SUPPOSED RIGHTS ARE YOU TRYING TO PROTECT HERE, ANYHOW?

I think it makes sense to put priority rights to those who are paying the 
bills... and that's the recipients.  They should have the power to turn off such 
bulky and unwanted crap, ESPECIALLY given the fact that they typically are 
trying to work around limited-size ISP-provided inboxes and to keep them from 
overflowing and bouncing the mail they DO want to receive.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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> I maintain a number of mailing lists which the members of various
(non-technical) organizations use to communicate with each other.  The
volume of legitimate HTML email on these lists is quite high.

In that case, obviously it would be straightforward to the recipients on your 
lists to enable HTML-burdened messages coming from those relevant lists.

> Programmers and sysadmins, and people who started using email before MIME
was introduced, tend to dislike HTML email.  Other people see the ability to
use boldface and italics as normal features of any text-editing environment
(which they consider their MUA to be).  They would find the idea of
suppressing those features simply bizarre.  When writing a document that is
going to be printed, whether we use Microsoft Word or LaTeX, we can put the
title of a book in italics; people have come to expect that the same is true
when they write email.

If you want FULL text-handling features, then you can send LaTeX or Word (or 
whatever) documents as attachments (and thus enable attachments) for those 
people you trust to send you that kind of material.

But for most users, they don't want to receive a 60K attached .DOC file which 
contains a 1500-byte unsolicited spam message, and where the primary advantage 
of the format is that the .DOC file confuses the user's content filter set up to 
block spam.

Again, the only people who would have a problem under my scheme are those who 
HAVE NOT MADE ARRANGEMENTS WITH THE USER to receive mail of that sort.  Getting 
permission to send it would allow future exchanges with those correspondents to 
continue the same way they always have.

> As for attachments, nowadays, many people have digital cameras and
high-speed Internet connections, and like to send photos to their friends
via email. It is no use telling these people that 'sending large attachments
is poor netiquette'; they and their friends have the requisite bandwidth,
and it doesn't bother them.

Again, no problem once they've made arrangements with their recipients to 
receive such stuff.  Just don't send it unsolicited, without permission, and 
everything is fine.

> My own view is that these issues are red herrings.  Spam is spam whether it
consists of an ASCII text file or a JPEG.  Effective anti-spam measures
should stop spam regardless of its format.

Would be nice, although I propose that NOTHING I've seen would comprise a silver 
bullet that would ACTUALLY stop 100% of all spam before it was sent.  Do you 
know of one?  What I am proposing, though, would put a BIG dent in it, cheaply, 
and without requiring a redesign of the whole Internet E-mail system.  AND it 
would eliminate the great majority of worms/viruses/trojans in the process, too.

Do you know anything else that would be so effective, so cheap, so easily and 
quickly implemented, and with as little disruption to ALL established legitimate 
users of the Net?

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 19:20:49 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>


> > Is it high because those people use bold, italic, and so forth or
> > because their MUAs send in HTML by default and they are not savvy
> > enough to fix that problem?
>
> I'm not sure, but my impression is that there's a fair amount of both.

Why don't you test that impression?   This is a question that can be
measure, and I think makes sense.  How much of that mail involves real
formatting?  If you choose 50 messsages at random, how many use HTML
and of those, how many use any real text formating?  (e.g. intentional
use of <em> or <b> as opposed to noise added by MUAs to all HTML
messages they create)

If you'll take bets, put my money on 80% or more using HTML and
less than 1% using any real text formating.


> ...
> Fair enough.  But even if all MUAs turned off HTML by default, spammers
> would continue to use HTML.

You say that as if it were a bad thing.  On the contrary, if spammers
label their stuff as spam, it becomes harmless to all practical purposes
(screams of rage from spammer fighters not withstanding).


> Getting back to Gordon Peterson's proposal, he suggests a mechanism which
> would discourage the use of HTML and attachments, by forcing people to
> explicitly give others permission to send them those types of messages.
> This is meant to reduce the effectiveness of spam and address-harvesting
> techniques, and increase the effectiveness of content filters.

Yes.


> Unfortunately, I think the vast majority of computer users have absolutely
> no idea what HTML is.  As a sysadmin, I've tried to explain it to people,
> and their eyes glaze over. ....

Yes, but that cuts both ways.  I bet most users have no clue
how to tell IE or Netscape how to make a word bold or red.

As I test, I just now tried to get Netscape 7.02 on XP to make a word
bold in a mail message.  I cannot find any sign of any way to do such
a thing.  I assume there is a way, but that I can't find it suggests
that your Sally End User might not use it very often.  (My first blush
with computerized text formating predated my first encounter with the
Internet on the console of TIP-25 (DOCB) in 1972.  I also wrote one
of NBI's text processing systems, so I flatter myself in thinking I'm
not entirely adverse to fancy text.)


>                        ...     Once they understand the severe limitations
> of this wonderful 'plain text' format which I'm encouraging them to use, the
> first thing they want to know is how to make sure that they never use it.

So turn off HTML until the the user makes some text bold or purple,
and then silently and automatically switch to HTML.


> They *like* the fact that when you reply to a message, Outlook puts the
> quoted text in a different colour; they feel that it makes messages easier
> to read.  To them, right angle-brackets look like something out of the Stone
> Age.

You are confusing presentation with encoding.  There are MUAs that
recognize various > markings and colorize quoted text.  I think they're
garish and distracting, but there's no disputing tastes.


> ...
> I suspect that most people, if they understood that restrictive permissions
> would cause legitimate messages to bounce, would opt for giving full
> permissions to all senders.

That is contradicts experience reported by people running retail ISPs.
Many ISPs report almost all of their customers are happy with single
digit false positive rates for 80% reductions in spam loads.  I think
80% is a modest improvement and that 100 times smaller false positives
rates of 0.1% are at the high end of the tolerable range, but I'm
probably not typical of retail ISP customers.

Notice also that most proposed or existing spam defenses that people
advocate have single digit false positive rates.   

As I keep saying there are those of us whose livelihoods involve
email and who won't tolerate 0.2% false positives and there are
the 100,000,000's of the rest of the Internet for whom not receiving
spam is more important than not hearing from a long lost friend.


> As for making content filtering more effective, it would be easy for content
> filters to strip out all the HTML tags, comments, JavaScript, etc. from a
> message before filtering.  No need to actually parse the HTML.  (I'd be
> surprised if there weren't content filters that do this already.)

That's wrong in two ways.  What I consider reasonable filters (e.g.
the DCC) already strip HTML tags and so forth, but that turns out to
be insufficient.  For reasons you might guess if you knew that the
DCC is my hobby, I'd rather not say more to strangers.


> Finally, even if this proposal worked exactly as planned, why couldn't
> spammers do just fine with ASCII?  The Nigerian 419 spammers and their
> imitators have been using ASCII all along, and if they were a bit more
> clever about their wording, it would be quite difficult to filter.

That's half right and half wrong.  Spammers need to appear as legitimate
as possible to their targets and to law enforcement.  Without HTML
tricks to hide various things, all of their stuff is in the open and
plainly visible to your Sally End Users.  Even your Sally probably
discards a Nigerian 419 spam after reading the first 5 words and she
may delete unread mail with obvious "hash busters" in subjects.


> Again, I think this is all really beside the point.  We're here to come up
> with a mechanism to stop unsolicited bulk email.  Gordon's proposal is
> concerned with some superficial properties that much spam currently has, but
> doesn't deal with the core issues: 'unsolicited' and 'bulk'.

On the contrary, "solicited" is related to "consent," and Gordon's proposal
is all about "consent."

As for bulk, I know of exactly one idea with any hope of detecting that
aspect of incoming mail, and it is certainly not perfect, 100% accurate,
or invulnerable to spammer tricks.  That idea is that as a message
arrives or is about to be presented to you, your MTA or MUA should ask
a clearinghouse if substantially identical messages have been seen
elsewhere.  If the answer is "yes, 12345 of them," then your MTA or MUA
can know it is a "bulk" message check your list of approved senders or
whitelist.  For scaling, the clearinghouse should be distributed.  There
are other aspects involving scaling, privacy, security against various
attacks that need to be addressed.  When you've done that, you'll have
a direct competitor to the Distributed Checksum Clearinghouses or the DCC.
See http://www.dcc-servers.net/dcc/graphs/index.cgi

Again, I realize that the DCC is far from perfect.  That is one rason
why I've talked about it far less than other things here, and less
than other people have talked about their favorite mechanisms.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 22:07:29 -0400

At 06:50 PM 6/19/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>[..]
>Do you know anything else that would be so effective, so cheap, so easily and
>quickly implemented, and with as little disruption to ALL established 
>legitimate
>users of the Net?

This proposal does not seem to be able to be "easily and quickly 
implemented, and with as little disruption to ALL established legitimate 
users of the Net?":
1. As Vernon pointed out, most MUAs are sending out HTML formated mail by 
default right now. Even if you turn off those settings, it will take a lot 
of time for those changes to propogate through the Net. Now assuming that 
at least 80% of end users run Windows, and the default client, Outlook 
Express, is used by most of them (or Outlook/Exchange in corporate 
environment), that's a lot of end users. If you will start implementing 
these changes, most regular end users will be affected. How many users of 
the Internet are these end users?
2. How does blocking attachments help solve the spam problem? The only 
benefit I see so far is anti-virus, and that is not an issue for ASRG.
3. This proposal is based on an assumption that most spam is HTML based. 
However, I personally get a lot of spam not HTML based and just plain text. 
How long will it take until all spam becomes simple text?

HTML, base64, etc. blocking is already partially being implemented by some 
filters, SpamAssasin, especially. This proposal is more of a suggestion 
list for filtering than a full fledged proposal.

Yakov  


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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: Reverse DNS
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 22:08:41 -0400

At 02:58 PM 6/19/2003 -0600, Selby Hatch wrote:



>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
>>At 11:50 AM 6/19/2003 -0600, Selby Hatch wrote:
>>
>>>There are other ways to authenticate an email with a server. I have
>>>suggested one such method. It requires no DNS and could be used for
>>>static and dynamic IP addresses. If you have the IP address of the
>>>originating email, it is possible to trace that back to some entity even
>>>if it's dialup. The method is found at:
>>>
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05393.html 
>>>
>>>
>>>and goes as follows:
>>>
>>>Sender authentication should be applied. A header called Sender-Auth or
>>>Sender-Verification will be inserted into the message by the sending
>>>server. It would consist of a delimited string containing the IP
>>>address, server identification, and a timestamp. The string would be
>>>preceded by the result of a function that was applied to that string as
>>>it was sent by the originating server. A delimiter would separate the
>>>function result from the string. The function would be implemented by
>>>the server administrator and would be unique for that server or set of
>>>servers.
>>>
>>>A protocol would be employed such that a receiving server could request
>>>that the originating server verify that the Sender-Auth header is
>>>consistent. The originating server would be required to apply it's
>>>function to the string as sent by the requesting server and then return
>>>the result. The receiving server would compare the returned function
>>>result with the result in the Sender-Auth header and if they match, the
>>>sending server is authentic.
>>
>>This basically would be Challenge/Response for mail servers, instead of 
>>C/R for email addresses.
>
>True. And doesn't most spam originate from servers that they are trying to 
>keep unidentified?

This may fit within the framework of the CRI protocol that Eric Dean is 
working on. 


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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 22:11:42 -0400

At 06:40 PM 6/19/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> > Then the question is do we sacrifice this minority of legit HTML messages
>in order to kill spam.
>
>We don't sacrifice those AT ALL... ONLY the ability to send such [supposedly]
>"legit" HTML-burdened messages UNSOLICITED, to those who have specifically 
>set
>their E-mail accounts to NOT receive such mail from
>unsolicited/unknown/untrusted senders.
>
>WHOSE SUPPOSED RIGHTS ARE YOU TRYING TO PROTECT HERE, ANYHOW?

The users, as stated in the charter (emphasis added):

"The work of the ASRG will also include investigating techniques to 
evaluate the usefulness and cost of proposed solutions. Usefulness is 
described by the effectiveness, accuracy, and incentive structure of the 
system. The cost of the system refers to the burden imposed on USERS and 
operators of the communications system. "


>I think it makes sense to put priority rights to those who are paying the
>bills... and that's the recipients.  They should have the power to turn 
>off such
>bulky and unwanted crap, ESPECIALLY given the fact that they typically are
>trying to work around limited-size ISP-provided inboxes and to keep them from
>overflowing and bouncing the mail they DO want to receive.

Your underlying assumption is that spam will persist being HTML encoded. I 
do not believe that it will take spammers too long to switch to plain ASCII. 


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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 22:14:22 -0400

At 05:20 PM 6/19/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:

>Executive Summary: IT'S THE CRIME, STUPID!
>
>I think these discussions are entirely missing the meat (heh) of the
>spam problem.
>
>The problem is, to paraphrase Crazy Eddie*:
>
>        How do they do it?  volume!  Volume!! VOLUME!!!
>
>And how do spammers achieve volume?
>
>        crimes! Crimes!! CRIMES!!!
>[..]
>
>Fraud and illegality are a spammers' stock in trade.
>[..]
>Ok, what to do isn't easy or obvious, BUT THAT'S ALL we really have to
>do and these guys are out of business, for all intents and purposes.

The legal aspect is not within the scope of our group and even if it was, 
there isn't much we can do anyway. So what technical solutions in this area 
are possible?

Yakov 


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To: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information... 
Cc: asrg@ietf.org
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Date: Thu, 19 Jun 2003 22:16:16 -0400

Can you explain to the group what you have in mind?

Yakov

At 05:42 PM 6/19/2003 -0400, Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine wrote:

>Barry,
>
>I sent a similar note to the nanog two days ago, with no response.
>
>I've no idea why this is of so little interest to so many people,
>I think its actually rather cool, and getting the terminating
>condition to converge to "soon" is worth working on.
>
>I just don't see why this should be done on a list that assumes
>that no temporal properties of spam systems exist.
>
>Eric
>
>Message-Id: <200306181530.h5IFU1iC048040@nic-naa.net>
>To: Miles Fidelman <mfidelman@civicnet.org>
>cc: nanog@merit.edu, brunner
>Subject: Re: OT: question re. the Volume of unwanted email (fwd)
>In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 18 Jun 2003 10:51:17 EDT."
>              <Pine.GSO.4.31.0306181044200.17608-100000@sun10101.dn.net>
>Date: Wed, 18 Jun 2003 11:30:01 -0400
>From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
>
>While the question (metrics for operators, backbone-to-retail, spam) is
>current in the asrg list, the question is posed by (informally) by the
>(outgoing) secretary of the ICANN Registrar's Constituency to a listserv
>in the AOL playpen. The question is not current in the Registrar's
>Constituency, not is it likely to be, IMHO.
>
>There are several ways nanog'ers can take it, back to the AOL listserv,
>or over the fence to the irtf/asrg playpen, or yawn.
>
>There is one modality of spam that interests me technically, one that
>Bill touched on in his note in the "rr style scanning" thread, and
>Sean and others have touched on in the "use trojans" thread. Buffering
>up hosts (acquired via technical means), and expending hosts (sending
>until some terminal condition occurs) at a rate approximating the rate
>of buffer-fill.
>
>Anyone else interested drop me a line. Better still would be the peer
>reviewed paper in the open literature that answers all the questions
>I've thought of, and haven't thought of.
>
>Eric
>
>_______________________________________________
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>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg


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gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>>>>Also, blocking base64 encoding would block email schemes where digital
>>>signatures are used.
>>That is entirely mistaken.  You might want to ensure that sender and
>>recipient agree on whether to sign the encoded or plaintext versions
>>of the message, but that's all.
> 
> I wouldn't propose BANNING base64 encoding... not at all.  But I don't think 
> there's much if any point in including it in E-mails if the recipient isn't 
> ready to accept it.  If a recipient is prepared to accept base64 encoding from 
> specific senders (those for which they have a public key, for instance) then 
> it's easy enough to turn base64 permission on for those trusted senders.

IMHO, blocking an email message because it's base64 encoded is 
misguided. Here's a case in point: There are gateways out there that 
will switch encodings on messages. If a message is sent through a 
gateway that understands 8-bit messaging, and it is then passed through 
to another system which only allows 7-bit, it's got to be downgraded. 
Downgrading to base64 is perfectly reasonable for such a gateway.

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com


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From: "Dr. Jeffrey Race" <jrace@attglobal.net>
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This issue is well documented in  <http://www.camblab.com/nugget/htmlmail.pdf>


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information... 
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On June 19, 2003 at 17:42 brunner@nic-naa.net (Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine) wrote:
 > Barry,
 > 
 > I sent a similar note to the nanog two days ago, with no response.
 > 
 > I've no idea why this is of so little interest to so many people,
 > I think its actually rather cool, and getting the terminating
 > condition to converge to "soon" is worth working on.

There are two major causes of spam at this point in time:

1. Lawlessness and lack of enforcement of existing laws.

I'll admit that I'd sympathize with anyone in law enforcement saddled
with this problem; where does one start?

Well, first of all, where we have caught and investigated spammers
like Carmack and Ralsky it shouldn't be that hard to take logs of spam
they sent and show that they illegally used others' computers to send
it (assuming they did.)  Either they had rights to the IPs it spewed
from, or they didn't. That should be a chargeable offense.

Second, I'd honeypot them with the SWAT teams ready to go. They scan
for these infected hosts (or the hosts report to them when the
infection self-installs.) This can all be simulated with only modest
effort and arrests made.

But the interesting part of that is not the honeypotting, it's the
prosecution. One needs the backing of a competent prosecuting body or
else it's all just an academic exercise.

2. Microsoft operating systems which continue to be flawed and
vulnerable to viruses.

Now that viruses have emerged (Jeem, Proxy-Guzu, sobig.a) which can
make a computer (or, more to the point, millions of computers) an
unwitting weapon against the entire net this problem has to be taken
more seriously by Microsoft.


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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At 09:57 AM 6/20/2003 +0700, Dr. Jeffrey Race wrote:

>This issue is well documented in  <http://www.camblab.com/nugget/htmlmail.pdf>

Interesting read. However, how can we mandate filtering of HTML mail if 
many MUAs use it by default?  


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On Thu, 19 Jun 2003 23:07:02 -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

>Interesting read. However, how can we mandate filtering of HTML mail if 
>many MUAs use it by default? 

You bounce it with a diagnostic message telling the user to turn off 
HTML and provide a link to instructions how to do so e.g. the cited
article.

I ALWAYS inform correspondents and list-posters to turn of HTML and
usually receive profuse thanks for doing so.  The senders had no idea
how they were abusing their correspondents.

Basically we are in an educational period where we have to undo the
damage done by some bad decisions by Netscape and MS.   The consequences
are now apparent re HTML.   Even MS realizes the error of its ways (well,
some of them anyway) and is now turning off some default security
threats in its new builds.   

Jeffrey Race


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At 6:31 PM -0500 6/19/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>  > The reality is that there is great demand for "rich text"
>messaging and there always has been.
>
>Perhaps, but RARELY among those who:
>
>    1)  appreciate the cost differential, and
>
>    2)  understand what it means.

Which pretty much means only the techie community, and a small 
proportion of that.  This is a pointless discussion.  The vast 
majority of end-user email is HTML.  They use bold and italics in all 
their other applications.  They embed cutesy images in all their 
other applications.  Why shouldn't they in email?  Cost differential? 
They really don't care.  And then of course there is commercial, 
requested email, which is virtually 100% HTML.  Let's discuss 
something more feasible--like replacing SMTP with a new system 
overnight.

>And if they REALLY WANT to use HTML, another approach without most of the bulk
>is to put it up on a Web server (using an 'unguessable' URL) and E-mail (as
>plain ASCII text) the URL to the intended recipient.

Sure.  I'll just tell my father that when he wants to emphasize 
something he shouldn't hit Apple-B, he should pay his ISP for a web 
host and learn how to publish on it.  Or were you instead proposing 
that everyone in the world upgrade their email client to something 
that uses "pull" instead of "push"?  Please can we be serious?

A lot of anti-spam people spend way too much time looking at spam, 
and not nearly enough time looking at real email.  The only real 
email they see is from other techies.  So they assume that when there 
is a difference between spam and their real email--the difference is 
something specific to spam.

In fact, for the average non-techie, spam looks an awful lot like 
their real email.  (That shouldn't be terribly surprising if you stop 
and think for a minute.)

Do you want numbers?

I have a collection of non-spam email sent by average, clueless users 
to their friends, and inadvertently cc'd to me via 
wormalert@somewhere.com.  Messages are over the past year.

Total Messages:				98,111
Total text/plain or no content-type:	26,235

Plain text is accounting for 26% of good email in that sample of the 
non-techie community.  Want to shudder?  34% was multipart/mixed and 
29% was multipart/alternative.

The anti-html-email war was lost years ago.  It's right up there with 
"html is for describing structure, not appearance".  I used to fight 
it too, but it's time to move on.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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> We should not sacrifice any email types or formats to kill spam.

We don't have to do that.  I propose merely that we encourage the blocking of 
"spam-friendly" features by default in E-mail coming from senders that haven't 
previously arranged to send a given recipient e-mail of that type.

Once they're known to the recipient, and the recipient agrees to accept bulkier 
and more "fully-featured" e-mail from that sender, no problem.

But one should NEVER send such stuff unannounced to recipients, since those 
recipients may not wish it, or may not be prepared to receive it.  

> Rather than limit the types of email that we receive, 

We're only proposing limiting what can be sent from UNTRUSTED SENDERS that we 
HAVE NOT AUTHORIZED.

> we should state that we will only receive email from (1) a server that can be 
verified as the one from where the email originated 

So the spam comes from a server that is 'legitimately' owned (today, maybe not 
tomorrow) by a spammer.  Can you say, "Musical servers", boys and girls?

> ...and (2) an individual or entity who has received authorization from me to 
send me email, which authorization can be verified upon receipt.

That's an 'ordinary' whitelist, which is problematical for companies which by 
the nature of their business are going to receive a large amount of 
communications from people they haven't heard from before.  
(ConsumerRelations@domain.com for instance).  

> By limiting the mime types, base64, html, etc., we limit a great deal of 
useful features.

But NONE OF THOSE need to be, nor should be, used in INITIAL communications with 
someone you haven't written to before.  And once you have, and 'need' to send 
bulky "pretty" mail, presumably you can negotiate that 'need' with the intended 
recipient so they open that window for you.

But the RECIPIENT needs to retain control over that.

Once the recipient agrees, there IS NO limitation to what you can send to them, 
unless THEY choose to leave that restriction in place for you (and they MUST 
maintain the right to do that).  [It IS *their* mailbox after all that you're 
consuming with your largely pointless bulk!]

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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> The notion of outlawing MIME, Base64, HTML, etc among consenting MTAs
and MUAs is red herring.  No one can seriously propose eliminating them.

> However, you would cut down you spam load significantly if you rejected
all mail with "Content-type: text/html" SMTP or MIME entity headers
from strangers.  24672 or 73% of the 33807 spam in my 39 day rolling
log of what has been sent toward my traps and filters has that mark.
(It should be 40 days, but I had an attack of bad hands and eyes
this morning.)

It's actually even better than that... since the spam which is HTML-burdened is 
[each] usually 3-5x (or MORE, oftentimes) bigger than spam which isn't.  So 
you'd block (in this case) 73% of the spam MESSAGES but probably 90% or more of 
spam BYTES by this *simple*, easily implemented strategy.

If you have good enough log statistics, check to see what percentage of spam 
BYTES would actually be blocked by taking out messages containing text/html 
message type indications in entity headers.  It would also be interesting to see 
how many spams (and percentages of overall spam BYTES) contain attachments 
(message text as JPG/GIF images, or (not used so often recently) .DOC files or 
whatever.  My approach would end up truncating the great majority of those, too.

AND, don't forget, another big benefit is blocking NOT ONLY JUST spam, but also 
viruses/worms/trojans.  In many cases, those are sent from 'legitimate' senders 
and without hijacking open relays... so things like spf wouldn't help (even IF 
you could realistically speaking block 'non-verifiable' senders, which is way 
less than clear) but my permissions-list approach would block probably 80-90% or 
more of such malicious stuff, too.  By blocking (by default) ALL attachments 
coming from people you don't normally expect to get attachments from, you're 
blocking malicious code, too.  Sure, you'll open up the "attachments allowed" 
window for people you trust and authorize to send those, but that's going to 
typically be a small percentage of the people you'd normally maybe receive 
(ordinary) E-mails from.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>> What I find bizzare is the persistent equating of turning off HTML by
> default with banning HTML.

> Fair enough.  But even if all MUAs turned off HTML by default, spammers
would continue to use HTML.

In that case, it makes it an EVEN MORE reliable indicator of mail that most 
people probably don't want (especially unsolicited).  :-)

> Getting back to Gordon Peterson's proposal, he suggests a mechanism which
would discourage the use of HTML and attachments, by forcing people to
explicitly give others permission to send them those types of messages.

Exactly.  (IF they wanted to allow those senders to send them that type of 
stuff. which they might not).

> This is meant to reduce the effectiveness of spam and address-harvesting
techniques, and increase the effectiveness of content filters.

At least it would mean that address harvesters would not get NEARLY so many 
E-mails through, as long as spammers continued to employ all their familiar 
HTML-based tricks, deceptions, and obscuring techniques.

> Unfortunately, I think the vast majority of computer users have absolutely
no idea what HTML is.  

All the more reason they shouldn't triple to quintuple the carrying cost of 
their E-mail due to using it inadvertently.

> As a sysadmin, I've tried to explain it to people,
and their eyes glaze over. They also have trouble grasping the notion of
'plain text', i.e. a format that doesn't support all the things they
normally think of as being available in 'text' (which for them means what's
available in Microsoft Word).  Once they understand the severe limitations
of this wonderful 'plain text' format which I'm encouraging them to use, the
first thing they want to know is how to make sure that they never use it.
They *like* the fact that when you reply to a message, Outlook puts the
quoted text in a different colour; they feel that it makes messages easier
to read.  To them, right angle-brackets look like something out of the Stone
Age.

Again, if they WANT to enable HTML-burdened mail, for specified correspondents, 
they CAN.  And easily, I'd hope.  

Frankly, I think that if people observed a DIRECT correlation between 
re-enabling HTML and a 10x increase in the amount of spam in their inboxes, I'd 
bet that most of them would figure out that it just wasn't worth it.

> Imagine Sally User, who is a customer service representative, or a
freelancer.  Her ISP starts offering the proposed permissions service.  She
has no idea what HTML is, but she gathers that it's something about reducing
spam, so she accepts the default permissions, which are quite restrictive.
Suddenly people who write to Sally find that their messages bounce, with an
automated reply saying: 'Please send me a plain-text message asking for
permission to send me HTML email or attachments.' 

Actually, a better bounce message would say something like:

  "Your message is returned to you because you have either sent attachments or 
bulky and annoying HTML-burdened formatting.  As a responsible way to help 
reduce the volume of spams, viruses, worms and trojans, I will gladly accept 
unsolicited E-mails if they are not in HTML-burdened format and if they don't 
contain unexpected attachments.  If you NEED legitimately to send me 
HTML-burdened mail or attachments, you'll need to clear that with me in 
advance....

  "Thank you for your understanding, and your help in us all working together in 
reducing the scourge of spam and viruses from the Internet.

  "[If you don't understand what HTML means in your E-mail or how to turn it off 
in your outgoing E-mail, contact your ISP for more information, or else see the 
web site at http://www.stopspam.org/noHTML.html ] "

> These correspondents have no idea what this means (remember, they don't know 
what HTML is, either), 

The bounceback message could refer them to a Web site which would explain the 
problem, and explain how to turn off HTML formatting for the most popular E-mail 
clients.

> and are put off by the fact that their email was rejected.  

I think you need to explain in the bounceback WHY it was rejected, and WHY the 
rejection is in ALL of our MUTUAL interest to do so.

> ...So they simply take their business somewhere else, to another company or 
freelancer who doesn't reject their email.  

I'm sure that the spammers lurking here on this list are desperately hoping that 
everyone will cling tenaciously to the "need" to receive HTML-burdened E-mail 
and attachments from any-and-all, including untrusted/unknown, senders.  The 
*great* majority of spam being sent out COUNTS on that!

> ...When Sally finds out, she's horrified, and quickly sets her permissions to 
accept anything from anyone.

IF she does that (and doing so ought to produce a CLEAR warning that it will 
hugely increase the amount of spam she receives) then AT LEAST the spam monkey 
is off the back of Sally's ISP, and she can't legitimately bitch about getting a 
lot of spam... since SHE made the CONSCIOUS CHOICE to defeat the anti-spam, 
anti-worm, anti-virus provisions offered.

> I suspect that most people, if they understood that restrictive permissions
would cause legitimate messages to bounce, would opt for giving full
permissions to all senders.

A *vanishingly* small percentage of "legitimate" messages from unknown/untrusted 
senders NEED to have HTML, attachments, or encoded text bodies.

Again, you might have a point, IF the filter still let unchanged quantities of 
spam to arrive in Sally Stupid's inbox.  But if she saw her spam decrease HUGELY 
when the ISP turned on the feature, and then saw it come back with full 
vengeance after she defeated the feature... I suspect that she'd pretty quickly 
learn to appreciate the value in it... and decide that it was worth her trouble 
to understand it.

> As for making content filtering more effective, it would be easy for content
filters to strip out all the HTML tags, comments, JavaScript, etc. from a
message before filtering.  

Indeed, although some of what they WANT TO SEE is in the HTML and scripting... 
for example, a script that creates a "known spammer domain" URL dynamically.  
Another case are a large number of andomly generated, bogus HTML tags (and often 
in the middle of words!) which are only there to obscure content.... a 
near-certain indicator that the E-mail in question is spam, rather then 
legitimate.  You don't really WANT to eliminate them, if they're there... you 
can learn a lot by taking a closer look at 'em.

> No need to actually parse the HTML.  (I'd be surprised if there weren't 
content filters that do this already.)

Might be, but it's slower and longer (especially if you're going to try to 
emulate scripts etc to see what they 'might' produce... and that is a slippery 
slope indeed.)  My present filter takes a pretty good look at the HTML, and 
strips most (but not all!) of it from the incoming messages.  It generally 
strips the stuff that doesn't reveal much about the nature of the spam (or 
legitimacy) of the E-mail.

> Finally, even if this proposal worked exactly as planned, why couldn't
spammers do just fine with ASCII?  

They could, but:

   1)  it's harder to obscure the content

   2)  most URL tricks become unusuable

   3)  ActiveX and scripting become unusable

   4)  Obscured URLs become more obvious and suspicious when copied-and-pasted 
manually
  
   5)  font size, color, and related tricks become unusble

   6)  message-in-image-format becomes unusable

   7)  all Web bugs are suddenly unavailable

   8)  popups and the like are unavailable

   9)  they can't steal real-looking graphics from Ebay, PayPal, or other 
"legitimate" Web sites

  10)  people are more inclined to think twice before copying-and-pasting a URL 
compared to just clicking on it

  11)  clutter-obscuring the message with HTML comments, bogus nonsensical HTML 
tags, and the like become unusable

> The Nigerian 419 spammers and their imitators have been using ASCII all along, 
and if they were a bit more clever about their wording, it would be quite 
difficult to filter.

Indeed.  But PRESENTLY a lot of the wording (if plain ASCII) is fairly easy to 
filter, and that would probably be even more true if spammers were practically 
speaking constrained to plain ASCII text.  Spammers defeat that kind of thing by 
sending (for example) an E-mail which contains an Image tag to a block of text 
stored as a GIF or JPG file, which content scanners can't do much with.

> Again, I think this is all really beside the point.  We're here to come up
with a mechanism to stop unsolicited bulk email.  Gordon's proposal is
concerned with some superficial properties that much spam currently has, 

I think that you're casually dismissing the fact that HTML and attachments are 
both KEY to a lot of the deceptions and misrepresentation that spammers (as well 
as virus authors) count upon.  Even if we only still got the same number of spam 
messages as at present, but in practice took out the alternative HTML-burdened 
content, we'd already reduce overall spam volume (in terms of bytes) by probably 
75-90%.  *I* certainly think that would be worthwhile!

> but doesn't deal with the core issues: 'unsolicited' and 'bulk'.

I disagree.  The permission list would allow for a fairly strict default 
behavior, which would block the majority of unsolicited spams.

As for "bulk", I don't think that's automatically a behavior of spammers... 
indeed, more and more spam I've seen is individually created for each user (for 
example, having the recipient's name or e-mail address or at least their dowmin 
name somewhere in the spam).

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>> WHOSE SUPPOSED RIGHTS ARE YOU TRYING TO PROTECT HERE, ANYHOW?

> The users, as stated in the charter (emphasis added):

> "The work of the ASRG will also include investigating techniques to 
>evaluate the usefulness and cost of proposed solutions. Usefulness is 
>described by the effectiveness, accuracy, and incentive structure of the 
>system. The cost of the system refers to the burden imposed on USERS and 
>operators of the communications system. "

>>I think it makes sense to put priority rights to those who are paying the
>>bills... and that's the recipients.  They should have the power to turn 
>>off such
>>bulky and unwanted crap, ESPECIALLY given the fact that they typically are
>>trying to work around limited-size ISP-provided inboxes and to keep them from
>>overflowing and bouncing the mail they DO want to receive.

> Your underlying assumption is that spam will persist being HTML encoded. 

No.  I think that INITIALLY, spam is going to stay HTML-burdened (and a result, 
nearly all of it would be trashed if sent to permission-list-protected 
recipients).  After some time, spammers will realize that HTML-burdening their 
spam is the 'kiss of death' and they'll stop doing that.

> I do not believe that it will take spammers too long to switch to plain ASCII. 

Agreed.  And once they do that:

   1)  Their spam will be less effective;

   2)  their spam will be more easily dealt with by content filters;

   3)  their spam will be something like a QUARTER or less of the volume it is 
today, reducing both bandwidth and storage costs all along the delivery route.

Sounds like a win-win deal to me.


Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 09:47:27 +0100

On Thu, Jun 19, 2003 at 07:20:49PM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> > Unfortunately, I think the vast majority of computer users have absolutely
> > no idea what HTML is.  As a sysadmin, I've tried to explain it to people,
> > and their eyes glaze over. ....
> 
> Yes, but that cuts both ways.  I bet most users have no clue
> how to tell IE or Netscape how to make a word bold or red.
> As I test, I just now tried to get Netscape 7.02 on XP to make a word
> bold in a mail message.  I cannot find any sign of any way to do such
> a thing.

Netscape 7 was written by people like us, who dislike HTML email, so they've
made it non-obvious.  But in the business world, nobody uses Netscape for
their email.  They use Outlook, which gives you a little toolbar that looks
exactly like your Microsoft Word formatting toolbar, with font size,
bold/italic/underline, colour, etc.

> > I suspect that most people, if they understood that restrictive permissions
> > would cause legitimate messages to bounce, would opt for giving full
> > permissions to all senders.
> 
> That is contradicts experience reported by people running retail ISPs.
> Many ISPs report almost all of their customers are happy with single
> digit false positive rates for 80% reductions in spam loads.

If 70% of people currently use HTML, as Kee Hinckley's numbers suggest, then
the false positive rate will be 70% under the proposed scheme.

Think of what would happen in those 70% of cases.  Instead of one message,
there would be at least three (the original HTML mail, the bounce message,
and the plain-text version), and at most five (the original HTML mail, the
bounce message, the request for permission, the acknowledgement of
permission, and then the original HTML mail again).  For a proposal that's
meant to decrease the volume of mail and avoid creating disruption, that's
not very satisfactory.

> As I keep saying there are those of us whose livelihoods involve
> email and who won't tolerate 0.2% false positives and there are
> the 100,000,000's of the rest of the Internet for whom not receiving
> spam is more important than not hearing from a long lost friend.

Mail from strangers isn't just from long-lost friends.  It's ubiquitous in
the corporate world.

The employees of a typical company communicate with employees of many other
companies: clients, suppliers, etc. Employees come and go, and different
projects involve different combinations of companies and different people,
so the set of people that a given individual may receive legitimate mail
from is constantly changing.  Consider a sales representative, who may be
contacted by a constantly-changing set of hundreds of people who work at
companies that she is negotiating sales with, or that may be interested in
her company's products.  As a sale progresses, more companies (accountants,
lawyers, etc.) are brought in.  Similarly for mergers and acquisitions.
That's a lot of people who would be annoyed by bounces.

> As for bulk [...] the Distributed Checksum Clearinghouses or the DCC.

Yes, I know, and to me, DCC seems much more pertinent to the task of this
group.

> Again, I realize that the DCC is far from perfect.  That is one rason
> why I've talked about it far less than other things here, and less
> than other people have talked about their favorite mechanisms.

So let's talk about it.  Could you summarize the problems of DCC (I know one
or two have been mentioned here already)?  Perhaps this group could give
some thought to whether those problems could have technical solutions.

Ben

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 10:08:43 +0100

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 02:23:54AM -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> > Unfortunately, I think the vast majority of computer users have absolutely
> no idea what HTML is.  
> 
> All the more reason they shouldn't triple to quintuple the carrying cost of 
> their E-mail due to using it inadvertently.

That's a techie's point of view.  It's like saying, 'people shouldn't
inadvertently use incorrect device drivers', or 'people shouldn't
inadvertently use systems that send passwords in cleartext'.  Those are
issues that the vast majority of people can't be expected to understand or
sort out for themselves.  They rightly expect vendors to take care of all
such matters for them.

> The bounceback message could refer them to a Web site which would explain the 
> problem, and explain how to turn off HTML formatting for the most popular E-mail 
> clients.

In corporate environments, there are a lot of busy managers who expect
everything to 'just work' -- immediately.  On receiving your proposed bounce
message, the irate recipient gets on the phone to his IT department, and
demands to know why he has to go off and read some technical web site just
to send an email.  This is a recipe for chaos.

And in case you're thinking of suggesting that the IT department configure
everyone's MUA to send plain text by default, keep in mind that this would
place a huge burden on IT departments, which are already straining to keep
everyone's virus checkers up to date.  Moreover, it wouldn't help in the
case where the irate manager is trying to send a PowerPoint document.

An anti-spam system should be as non-intrusive as possible; I think we can
do better than this.

> IF she does that (and doing so ought to produce a CLEAR warning that it will 
> hugely increase the amount of spam she receives) then AT LEAST the spam monkey 
> is off the back of Sally's ISP, and she can't legitimately bitch about getting a 
> lot of spam... since SHE made the CONSCIOUS CHOICE to defeat the anti-spam, 
> anti-worm, anti-virus provisions offered.

It means that the alternative on offer gave her no satisfactory option.
Again, our task here is to do better than that.

> A *vanishingly* small percentage of "legitimate" messages from unknown/untrusted 
> senders NEED to have HTML, attachments, or encoded text bodies.

The concept of need isn't relevant here.  People use email because they want
to, not just because they need to.  The infrastructure exists because
they're willing to pay for it, not because they need it.  We are here to
come up with proposals that users will accept, not to impose our own tastes
on users.

> As for "bulk", I don't think that's automatically a behavior of spammers... 

The word 'bulk' appears in most definitions of spam I've seen.

> indeed, more and more spam I've seen is individually created for each user (for 
> example, having the recipient's name or e-mail address or at least their dowmin 
> name somewhere in the spam).

It's still bulk mail, it's just 'personalized'.  I understand that there are
ways of coping with this when counting mail to see whether it's 'bulk';
would someone more familiar with those techniques care to comment?

Ben

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:37:18 +0100

On Thu, Jun 19, 2003 at 10:26:24PM -0400, Tony Hansen wrote:
> IMHO, blocking an email message because it's base64 encoded is 
> misguided.

In fact, there are mail systems that send *all* text in base64 encoding
(libero.it, a popular Hotmail-like system in Italy, did this the last time I
checked).

Ben

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From: "Dr. Jeffrey Race" <jrace@attglobal.net>
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On Fri, 20 Jun 2003 10:08:43 +0100, Benjamin Geer wrote:

>demands to know why he has to go off and read some technical web site just
>to send an email.  This is a recipe for chaos.

No, the present situation is chaos.   The proposal advocates replacing
chaos by rule-based order

Jeffrey Race


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Tony Hansen <tony@att.com> wrote:

 > IMHO, blocking an email message because it's base64 encoded is
 > misguided. Here's a case in point: There are gateways out there that
 > will switch encodings on messages. If a message is sent through a
 > gateway that understands 8-bit messaging, and it is then passed
 > through to another system which only allows 7-bit, it's got to be
 > downgraded. Downgrading to base64 is perfectly reasonable for such a
 > gateway.

There are also various standards for sending assorted types of data 
between systems, by email, that dictate that the pieces should be 
base64-encoded.  Most notably I recall doing that with IVM.  (Haven't 
kept up with that since then, tho, so I dunno if they've come up with 
something else, or what....)

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer in the Washington DC area
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume and other information.


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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 07:02:12 -0600 (MDT)

> From: gep2@terabites.com

> ...
> [each] usually 3-5x (or MORE, oftentimes) bigger than spam which isn't.  So 
> you'd block (in this case) 73% of the spam MESSAGES but probably 90% or more of 
> spam BYTES by this *simple*, easily implemented strategy.

That's true but not impressive, because the total number of bytes involved
in all email is trivial per user.  Typical web pages are 10 times larger
than typical email, including spam.  Typical users receive only about 10 
mail messages/day (judging from DCC numbers at a bunch of ISPs).  I think
typical users look at more than 10 web pages/day..

Of course, if you have 35,000,000 users or even just 10,000, you have
reason to care about the bytes spent used for their mailboxes.  However,
until you arrange to compress their mailboxes, you don't really care.


> If you have good enough log statistics, check to see what percentage of spam 
> BYTES would actually be blocked by taking out messages containing text/html 
> message type indications in entity headers.  It would also be interesting to see 
> how many spams (and percentages of overall spam BYTES) contain attachments 
> (message text as JPG/GIF images, or (not used so often recently) .DOC files or 
> whatever.  My approach would end up truncating the great majority of those, too.

Plenty of spam is tiny and on average it's small.  If you are spammer,
you can generally send twice as many 2.5 KByte messages/day than 5
KByte messages.  That pressure might be why base64 encoding has
decreased radically in my traps in the last few months.  Base64 costs
the spammer a 33% increase (4 encoded bytes for every 3 plaintext)
without offering any defense against non-trivial filters.  That pressure
might also explain why the <!--HTML.comment--> noise had become rare
by a week or two ago.  (My guess for the resurgance in the last week
or 10 days is that a spamware vendor has a new set of suckers who
don't understand this.)


>AND, don't forget, another big benefit is blocking NOT ONLY JUST spam, but also 
>viruses/worms/trojans.  In many cases, those are sent from 'legitimate' senders 
>and without hijacking open relays... 

That's a red herring, because many outfits already filter attachments
for worms.


More important, the problem for your idea is not selling it here but
in Redmond.  Until Microsoft stops encoding mail in HTML by default,
perhaps by only turning on HTML when the user does some formating,
ISPs cannot filter HTML by default.  I really wish they could and
would, but I'm not quite crazy enough to confuse my wishes with reality.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 09:10:54 -0400

At 7:20 PM -0600 6/19/03, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>Why don't you test that impression?   This is a question that can be
>measure, and I think makes sense.  How much of that mail involves real
>formatting?  If you choose 50 messsages at random, how many use HTML
>and of those, how many use any real text formating?  (e.g. intentional
>use of <em> or <b> as opposed to noise added by MUAs to all HTML
>messages they create)

That turns out to be extremely difficult to detect.  In particular 
forwarded messages use lots of HTML formatting.  That and lots of 
other things, like links, image tags, font changes are *not* 
gratuitous formatting.  They make it easier for a user to pick out 
which parts of the message come from where.  Yes, we know there are 
other ways (Eudora creates vertical bars for quoted text without 
using HTML, and links show up as links, and attached images show up 
inline anyway).  But the fact of the matter is that HTML email is not 
just fluff--it's a component of the UI that makes it easier for many 
people to use email.  Whether they deliberately make a piece of text 
bold is not a determiner of whether they want their email formatted.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306201346.h5KDkJPa016283@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 07:46:19 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>

> ...
> > Again, I realize that the DCC is far from perfect.  That is one rason
> > why I've talked about it far less than other things here, and less
> > than other people have talked about their favorite mechanisms.
>
> So let's talk about it.  Could you summarize the problems of DCC (I know one
> or two have been mentioned here already)?  Perhaps this group could give
> some thought to whether those problems could have technical solutions.

The main problem with the DCC and similar filters is obvious and has
been mentioned here.  It is fundamentally unfixable, and so I'd rather
not talk about it in public.

Tactics like the DCC should be assumed to be effective only against
"mainsleaze" or spam from the Fortune 50,000.  The current flood of
drugs, loansharking, and other frauds will eventually be controlled
by legislation that makes it a serious crime to not pay the "universal
mail access infrastructure free" of $0.001 to $0.10 per target.
Corporate spammers like Topica, DoubleClick, Microsoft, and Dell will
be happy to pay and reluctant to appear to be old style evil spammers
by being creative in their filter avoidance.

This list has not heard from the industry leaders in spam defenses
including Brightmail and Postini.  Even SpamAssassin and the so called
Bayesian filtering people hasn't had much to say.  I think most if
not all of them are (or were?) represented here.  Consider why they've
had little or nothing to say.  Their filters are all at least somewhat
effective, but could doubtless be improved.

I've noticed distinct, albeit superficial changes in spam in my traps
after remarks made here, so talking about limitations in existing
filters could be costly.  Committees are rarely effective in attacking
straight technical issues even when the participants understand the
technical issues.  Some ASRG contributors don't (or didn't) know the
difference between an SMTP error status and a DSN.  Many contributors
with better technical understanding seem to be limited in the spam
they see to a few dozen/day.  Thus, talk here about existing filters
risks a high cost for the fliters but small likelihood of benefit.

This group should concentrate on its charter, including defining the
problem, defining what unsolicited mail has implicit concent, and
writing BCPs about filters (e.g. filtering "SHOULD" be done during
the SMTP transaction and their SMTP messages "SHOULD" include clues
to help with false positives).

A BCP that says that MUAs "SHOULD NOT" generate HTML by default or at
least unless the sending user selects some formating is another good
thing that a group like this could produce, but evidently won't.

("SHOULD" and "SHOULD NOT" in the special sense of an RFC.)


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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>writing BCPs about filters (e.g. filtering "SHOULD" be done during
>the SMTP transaction and their SMTP messages "SHOULD" include clues
>to help with false positives).
>

Yep, I'm still on with the filtering at SMTP thang.  I've been
on holiday (vacation) and my wife wouldn't me do any work.

I hope to have a somewhat expanded version (formatted nicely)
for y'all next week.

If anyone missed it - the old version is here:
http://www.merseymail.com/asrg/Filter-SMTP-0-1.txt


>A BCP that says that MUAs "SHOULD NOT" generate HTML by default or at
>least unless the sending user selects some formating is another good
>thing that a group like this could produce, but evidently won't.
>

Well, if *someone* wrote one they could bring it to the group :-)








--

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> From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>

> >Why don't you test that impression?   This is a question that can be
> >measure, and I think makes sense.  How much of that mail involves real
> >formatting?  If you choose 50 messsages at random, how many use HTML
> >and of those, how many use any real text formating?  (e.g. intentional
> >use of <em> or <b> as opposed to noise added by MUAs to all HTML
> >messages they create)
>
> That turns out to be extremely difficult to detect.  In particular 
> forwarded messages use lots of HTML formatting.  That and lots of 
> other things, like links, image tags, font changes are *not* 
> gratuitous formatting.  They make it easier for a user to pick out 
> which parts of the message come from where.  Yes, we know there are 
> other ways (Eudora creates vertical bars for quoted text without 
> using HTML, and links show up as links, and attached images show up 
> inline anyway).  

I disagree with all of that.  I carefully did not say anything about
writing code to look at 100,000 messages but suggested manually
examining a modest sample of messages.  For each of the issues you raise:

   - you can almost always see which formating is due to quoting some
      other message.  That formatting is gratuitous and should not be
      counted, because the receiving MUA can do it without HTML.

   - links should not be counted because MUAs automatically detect
       them in plaintext and make them "active"

   - image tags should be counted because the user presumably wanted
        the picutre

   - font changes that are not gratuitious should of course be counted

   - if you find HTML formating that you can't decide whether it's
       what the user asked for, then asssume it is not graguitious.

I predict that you'll find that other than quoting other messages and
silly noise added by rote to all of their output by lame MUAs, you'll
find essentially no uses of HTML formatting.  I claim that users almost
never ask for bold, some other font, or include (as opposed to MIME
attach) images.


>                  But the fact of the matter is that HTML email is not 
> just fluff--it's a component of the UI that makes it easier for many 
> people to use email.  Whether they deliberately make a piece of text 
> bold is not a determiner of whether they want their email formatted.

That religious statement isn't a good counter to my claim.  It also
confuses MUA presentation with sender formatting.  An MUA does *NOT*
need HTML from the sender to render quoted text in a different font,
color, or whatever.

My claim is that the vast majority of HTML mail has no formating that
the sender cares about.  If your position is ground in reality as well
as enthusiasm, it will be trivial to disprove my claim.  I don't have
access to a stream of general (non-spam) user mail, or I'd take a
sample and make the count myself.  The mail I can count (e.g. to
various mailing lists) implies that HTML formatting is even less valued
than I claim.

If HTML formating is so valuable, valued and nearly universal used,
why haven't we seen much of it in this mailing list?  Why wasn't
that text you quoted of mine in green italics or something?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 15:41:15 +0100

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 08:17:17AM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> If HTML formating is so valuable, valued and nearly universal used,
> why haven't we seen much of it in this mailing list?

Because in technical circles (and some academic ones), HTML email is
prohibited by cultural tradition -- the same tradition that says quoting in
replies should be done in the style I'm using here.  Elsewhere, another
culture reigns, in which HTML is the norm, and quoting is done by inserting
the new text above the quoted (and usually indented) message (which is not
trimmed, so that the entire thread is sent with each reply). Efforts to
impose cultural change are notoriously fraught.

Ben

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 10:42:28 -0400

<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<html><head><style type="text/css"><!--
blockquote, dl, ul, ol, li { padding-top: 0 ; padding-bottom: 0 }
 --></style><title>Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another
idea</title></head><body>
<div>At 8:17 AM -0600 6/20/03, Vernon Schryver wrote:</div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>&nbsp;&nbsp; - image tags should be
counted because the user presumably wanted<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the picutre</blockquote>
<div><br></div>
<div>Well, then as a start we can probably consider the 34% of the
email which was multipart/mixed as user-requested.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>But actually, even that isn't a good test.&nbsp; IncrediMail
includes an ad logo with every message.&nbsp; But then, from what I
can tell--most of their users signed up specifically because they
*did* want formatting.&nbsp; You can have mood email, images based on
the date, background email wallpaper and lots of other fun
stuff.</div>
<div><br></div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>That religious statement isn't a good
counter to my claim.&nbsp; It also<br>
confuses MUA presentation with sender formatting.&nbsp; An MUA does
*NOT*<br>
need HTML from the sender to render quoted text in a different
font,</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>color, or whatever.</blockquote>
<div><br></div>
<div>Which is in fact, exactly what I said when I talked about
Eudora.</div>
<div><br></div>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>If HTML formating is so valuable, valued
and nearly universal used,<br>
why haven't we seen much of it in this mailing list?&nbsp; Why
wasn't</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite" cite>that text you quoted of mine in green
italics or something?</blockquote>
<div><br></div>
<div>Because technical mailing lists are run by techies, and we have
actively (even on this list, if I recall correctly) berated people who
used excessive formatting.&nbsp; The non-technical lists I'm on
getting formatted email all the time--even when the list software
filters it out.&nbsp; I'd estimate that about 50% of the messages I
get on one non-technical email list have a message from Yahoo about
attachments having been filtered out.&nbsp; People set background
wallpaper for their email!&nbsp; Customizing fonts and colors is
something end-users do every day in their word processor.&nbsp; They
have no idea why they shouldn't do it in their email.&nbsp; Do they
*need* to?&nbsp; No, of course not.&nbsp; Do they want to?&nbsp;
Obviously.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>And does a non-techie know why I just put &quot;*&quot;'s around
the &quot;need&quot; in the previous paragraph?&nbsp; Maybe.&nbsp;
Would they do it?&nbsp; No, of course not, they'd just hit the<b>
bold</b> button.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I will make another attempt to determine how much of that email
has user-specified formatting.&nbsp; But it's very hard to quantify.&nbsp;
If they cut and paste a message (e.g. not forwarded) and it ends up
with the mail headers bolded--was that a user-decision (after all, the
system is only making sure the email looks just the same as it does in
the UI, and the receiving MUA won't do it) or gratuitous formatting?&nbsp;
Judging intention from formatting is not trivial.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>And of course, it's not clear it matters here.&nbsp;
HTML-blocking will not work.&nbsp; Microsoft isn't going&nbsp; get rid
of WYSIWYG in their email programs, and commercial mailers aren't
going to drop HTML as a format for their mailings.&nbsp; The whole
thing would just turn into another massive whitelisting problem.</div>
<x-sigsep><pre>-- 
</pre></x-sigsep>
<div>Kee Hinckley<br>
http://www.messagefire.com/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp; Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account<br>
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/&nbsp;&nbsp; Writings on Technology
and Society<br>
<br>
I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to
accept<br>
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to
regulate<br>
everyone else's.</div>
</body>
</html>

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 08:55:21 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>

> > If HTML formating is so valuable, valued and nearly universal used,
> > why haven't we seen much of it in this mailing list?
>
> Because in technical circles (and some academic ones), HTML email is
> prohibited by cultural tradition -- the same tradition that says quoting in
> replies should be done in the style I'm using here. 

That implies that HTML should be less common here, but not as absent
as it has been.  We've had contributions from people who don't seem well
versed on such conventions, including top-posting and full-quoting.

>                                                      Elsewhere, another
> culture reigns, in which HTML is the norm, and quoting is done by inserting
> the new text above the quoted (and usually indented) message (which is not
> trimmed, so that the entire thread is sent with each reply). Efforts to
> impose cultural change are notoriously fraught.

Yes, but we've seen top-posting and full-quoting in this list, but
practically no HTML.  It's possible that those running Mailman for
this list have set filters against HTML, but I doubt it.

Again, I'm not saying that HTML mail is other than useful and valuable
or that the Internet doesn't carry 10,000,000's of real, intentionally
formatted HTML mail every day.  I am saying that the claims that users
care about HTML in more than a few percent of their messages are false.

You've said you have access to lots of mailing lists where HTML mail
is the norm.  Would it be too hard to look at the next 50 representative
messages?  (e.g. not a mailing list devoted to tech. writers discussing
how to do 2-column facing pages with odd/even headers and footers,
auto-numbered footnotes, and flowed text around figures).


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail
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	<gep2@terabites.com>,
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>The users want html formatted mail.

Most of them have no idea what that means.

The main reason so many users end up sending HTML-burdened E-mail is because 
they don't know any better, and because it is the default.

Most HTML-burdened E-mail generated by the VAST majority of users never use any 
of the formatting (or other such) features at all.  For all of those messages, 
the HTML-burdening only just makes the messages bigger without conveoying ANY 
more information.

>They do not want rfc plaintext. 

The GREAT majority of them (probably 95%) couldn't care less.

For the rest, if their recipient agrees to accept the bulkier HTML-burdened 
stuff, they can continue to use it without the slightest difficulty.

I believe that, given the choice, the overwhelming annoyance of spam, viruses, 
and worms is a FAR greater issue to virtually all legitimate users than HTML 
'benefits' are.  If more users realized how crucial HTML-burdened messages are 
to spammers, the users would gladly give up HTML.

>This problem cannot be solved by solutions that only work for geeks.

Sorry, but to suggest that plain ASCII text E-mail "doesn't work" for other than 
geeks is one of the more ludicrous arguments I've see in this thread so far... 
:-)


Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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From: Steven F Siirila <sfs@tc.umn.edu>
To: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
Message-ID: <20030620150509.GA29290@earth.tc.umn.edu>
References: <20030619215518.GB1093@socialtools.net> <200306200120.h5K1Kncd012783@calcite.rhyolite.com> <20030620084727.GA2583@socialtools.net>
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 10:05:09 -0500

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 09:47:27AM +0100, Benjamin Geer wrote:
> On Thu, Jun 19, 2003 at 07:20:49PM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> > > Unfortunately, I think the vast majority of computer users have absolutely
> > > no idea what HTML is.  As a sysadmin, I've tried to explain it to people,
> > > and their eyes glaze over. ....
> > 
> > Yes, but that cuts both ways.  I bet most users have no clue
> > how to tell IE or Netscape how to make a word bold or red.
> > As I test, I just now tried to get Netscape 7.02 on XP to make a word
> > bold in a mail message.  I cannot find any sign of any way to do such
> > a thing.
> 
> Netscape 7 was written by people like us, who dislike HTML email, so they've

I can tell!  Links in email header lines which used to be clickable in
Netscape 4 no longer are in Netscape 7!  To visit such a URL (for example,
to unsubscribe from a list) one has to view the raw message and cut-and-paste!

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 09:09:42 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>

> <!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">

>                                             image tags should be
> counted because the user presumably wanted

> Well, then as a start we can probably consider the 34% of the
> email which was multipart/mixed as user-requested.

That would be wrong, because we're talking about HTML formating.

> <div>But actually, even that isn't a good test.&nbsp; IncrediMail
> includes an ad logo with every message.&nbsp; But then, from what I
> can tell--most of their users signed up specifically because they
> *did* want formatting.&nbsp; You can have mood email, images based on
> the date, background email wallpaper and lots of other fun
> stuff.</div>

The formating they ask for should be counted, but not the logo.


> ...
> <blockquote type="cite" cite>If HTML formating is so valuable, valued
> and nearly universal used,<br>
> why haven't we seen much of it in this mailing list?&nbsp; Why
> wasn't</blockquote>
> <blockquote type="cite" cite>that text you quoted of mine in green
> italics or something?</blockquote>

> <div>Because technical mailing lists are run by techies, and we have
> actively (even on this list, if I recall correctly) berated people who
> used excessive formatting.&nbsp; The non-technical lists I'm on
> getting formatted email all the time--even when the list software
> filters it out.&nbsp; I'd estimate that about 50% of the messages I
> get on one non-technical email list have a message from Yahoo about
> attachments having been filtered out.

We are talking about HTML formating instead of attachments, or at least
I am.

Besides your point about attachments already being filtered cuts against
your position.


>                                             People set background
> wallpaper for their email!&nbsp; Customizing fonts and colors is
> something end-users do every day in their word processor.&nbsp; They
> have no idea why they shouldn't do it in their email.&nbsp; Do they
> *need* to?&nbsp; No, of course not.&nbsp; Do they want to?&nbsp;
> Obviously.

Of course some people do.  My claim is that they are rare.  Your
claim seems to be that most or at large minority do that sort of stuff.


> ...
> And does a non-techie know why I just put &quot;*&quot;'s around
> the &quot;need&quot; in the previous paragraph?&nbsp; Maybe.&nbsp;
> Would they do it?&nbsp; No, of course not, they'd just hit the<b>
> bold</b> button.</div>

Your claim is that they do it.  Mine is that they don't.
Instead of arguing about it, how about some numbers?


> <div>I will make another attempt to determine how much of that email
> has user-specified formatting.&nbsp; But it's very hard to quantify.&nbsp;
> If they cut and paste a message (e.g. not forwarded) and it ends up
> with the mail headers bolded--was that a user-decision (after all, the
> system is only making sure the email looks just the same as it does in
> the UI, and the receiving MUA won't do it) or gratuitous formatting?&nbsp;
> Judging intention from formatting is not trivial.</div>

Your efforts will be appreciated.

> <div>And of course, it's not clear it matters here.&nbsp;
> HTML-blocking will not work.&nbsp; Microsoft isn't going&nbsp; get rid
> of WYSIWYG in their email programs, and commercial mailers aren't
> going to drop HTML as a format for their mailings.&nbsp; The whole
> thing would just turn into another massive whitelisting problem.</div>

That's a red herring.  No one has said that Microsoft should "get rid
of" their almost WYSIWYG stuff (I've worked in that area and have
opinions).  I've proposed only turning off HTML by default or
not sending HTML unless the user explicitly asks for some formatting.


> http://www.messagefire.com/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
> ></span>&nbsp;&nbsp; Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account<br>
> http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/&nbsp;&nbsp; Writings on Technology
> and Society<br>
> <br>
> I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to
> accept<br>
> responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to
> regulate<br>
> everyone else's.</div>

As far as I can tell, all of the HTML formatting in your message
was gratuitious and not manually selected.

Note that a lot of it was incredibly bad but typical machine-generated
HTML.  For example many of the non-breaking spaces are obnoxious (but
hidden) noise HTML.  Or notice that <span></span> pair above.
But as far as I can tell, the fact that MUAs generate incredibly
bad HTML is irrelevant.


vjs

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From: "Dr. Jeffrey Race" <jrace@attglobal.net>
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On Fri, 20 Jun 2003 10:25:42 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

Truth is stranger than fiction dept:  One correspondent recently sent
me an html message, consisting of 993 kb of htmltrash and 570 bytes of
text payload.   I told her never to do it again and she stopped using the
html formatting and accompanying trash.  She knew no better until someone
knowledgeable told her.


>>This problem cannot be solved by solutions that only work for geeks.
>
>Sorry, but to suggest that plain ASCII text E-mail "doesn't work" for other 
than 
>geeks is one of the more ludicrous arguments I've see in this thread so far... 
>:-)

Anyone who can't figure out how to click Edit/Preferences is too stupid
to use a computer, probably too stupid to live.  

Jeffrey Race


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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 06:41:13 -0700

The users want html formatted mail.

They do not want rfc plaintext. 

This problem cannot be solved by solutions that only work for geeks.


 -----Original Message-----
From: 	gep2@terabites.com
Sent:	Thu Jun 19 16:15:23 2003
To:	asrg@ietf.org
Subject:	[Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail

> Then the question is do we sacrifice this minority of legit HTML messages 
in order to kill spam.

We don't sacrifice those AT ALL... ONLY the ability to send such
[supposedly] 
"legit" HTML-burdened messages UNSOLICITED, to those who have specifically
set 
their E-mail accounts to NOT receive such mail from 
unsolicited/unknown/untrusted senders.

WHOSE SUPPOSED RIGHTS ARE YOU TRYING TO PROTECT HERE, ANYHOW?

I think it makes sense to put priority rights to those who are paying the 
bills... and that's the recipients.  They should have the power to turn off
such 
bulky and unwanted crap, ESPECIALLY given the fact that they typically are 
trying to work around limited-size ISP-provided inboxes and to keep them
from 
overflowing and bouncing the mail they DO want to receive.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they
"represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jun 20 11:30:33 2003
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Over the past few months, I've been working on a new method of blocking spam
that I've termed "Greylisting".  From my testing it appears to be over 97%
effective.

It requires no changes to the infrastructure, is resistant to spammer
adaptation, and is very effective, yet very lightweight.

The paper outlining the method is at
http://projects.puremagic.com/greylisting/ and I have also posted an example
implementation for a Sendmail Milter written in perl.

Please look it over and try to poke holes in it, but I've worked pretty hard
to make it as bulletproof as possible.

Evan


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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:23:09 -0400

At 12:44 AM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> > We should not sacrifice any email types or formats to kill spam.
>
>We don't have to do that.  I propose merely that we encourage the blocking of
>"spam-friendly" features by default in E-mail coming from senders that 
>haven't
>previously arranged to send a given recipient e-mail of that type.
>
>Once they're known to the recipient, and the recipient agrees to accept 
>bulkier
>and more "fully-featured" e-mail from that sender, no problem.
>
>But one should NEVER send such stuff unannounced to recipients, since those
>recipients may not wish it, or may not be prepared to receive it.
>
> > Rather than limit the types of email that we receive,
>
>We're only proposing limiting what can be sent from UNTRUSTED SENDERS that we
>HAVE NOT AUTHORIZED.

 From the charter:
"The definition of spam messages is not clear and is not consistent across 
different individuals or organizations. Therefore, we generalize the 
problem into "consent-based communication". This means that an individual 
or organization should be able to express consent or lack of consent for 
certain communication and have the architecture support those desires. "

We have no architecture in place for consent-based communications. First 
lets develop that architecture, and than we can decide what goes into it.

Yakov 


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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:29:18 -0400

At 02:39 AM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> >> WHOSE SUPPOSED RIGHTS ARE YOU TRYING TO PROTECT HERE, ANYHOW?
>
> > The users, as stated in the charter (emphasis added):
>
> > "The work of the ASRG will also include investigating techniques to
> >evaluate the usefulness and cost of proposed solutions. Usefulness is
> >described by the effectiveness, accuracy, and incentive structure of the
> >system. The cost of the system refers to the burden imposed on USERS and
> >operators of the communications system. "
>
> >>I think it makes sense to put priority rights to those who are paying the
> >>bills... and that's the recipients.  They should have the power to turn
> >>off such
> >>bulky and unwanted crap, ESPECIALLY given the fact that they typically are
> >>trying to work around limited-size ISP-provided inboxes and to keep 
> them from
> >>overflowing and bouncing the mail they DO want to receive.
>
> > Your underlying assumption is that spam will persist being HTML encoded.
>
>No.  I think that INITIALLY, spam is going to stay HTML-burdened (and a 
>result,
>nearly all of it would be trashed if sent to permission-list-protected
>recipients).  After some time, spammers will realize that HTML-burdening 
>their
>spam is the 'kiss of death' and they'll stop doing that.
>
> > I do not believe that it will take spammers too long to switch to plain 
> ASCII.
>
>Agreed.  And once they do that:

I believe someone on the list has stated that spammers are monitoring the 
working group and in the last 60 days there have been significant changes 
in spam based on our discussions here. When I mean that they will switch to 
plain ASCII, I was not talking about on the order of years, rather DAYS or 
WEEKS. By the time you can implement base64 blocking, spammers will already 
be using plain ASCII. All you will do is irritate lots of users.

>    1)  Their spam will be less effective;

How?

>    2)  their spam will be more easily dealt with by content filters;

How? Spammers send HTML encoded mail on the assumption that the MUAs are 
able to parse it. What is easier to do: make content filters be able to 
parse everything MUAs can, or block HTML encoded mail over the Internet 
completely. I believe the first one is easier since there are few companies 
that make filters many of which already able to parse and process base64, 
HTML, etc.

>    3)  their spam will be something like a QUARTER or less of the volume 
> it is
>today, reducing both bandwidth and storage costs all along the delivery route.

Agreed somewhat. 


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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:24:01 -0400

At 01:03 AM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>[..]
>
>AND, don't forget, another big benefit is blocking NOT ONLY JUST spam, but 
>also
>viruses/worms/trojans.  In many cases, those are sent from 'legitimate' 
>senders
>and without hijacking open relays... so things like spf wouldn't help 
>(even IF
>you could realistically speaking block 'non-verifiable' senders, which is way
>less than clear) but my permissions-list approach would block probably 
>80-90% or
>more of such malicious stuff, too.  By blocking (by default) ALL attachments
>coming from people you don't normally expect to get attachments from, you're
>blocking malicious code, too.  Sure, you'll open up the "attachments allowed"
>window for people you trust and authorize to send those, but that's going to
>typically be a small percentage of the people you'd normally maybe receive
>(ordinary) E-mails from.

We do research into fighting spam, not viruses and worms. How does blocking 
attachements going to stop spammers? 


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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:30:48 -0400

At 11:05 PM 6/19/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 19, 2003 at 17:42 brunner@nic-naa.net (Eric Brunner-Williams in 
>Portland Maine) wrote:
>  > Barry,
>  >
>  > I sent a similar note to the nanog two days ago, with no response.
>  >
>  > I've no idea why this is of so little interest to so many people,
>  > I think its actually rather cool, and getting the terminating
>  > condition to converge to "soon" is worth working on.
>
>There are two major causes of spam at this point in time:
>
>1. Lawlessness and lack of enforcement of existing laws.
>
>I'll admit that I'd sympathize with anyone in law enforcement saddled
>with this problem; where does one start?
>
>Well, first of all, where we have caught and investigated spammers
>like Carmack and Ralsky it shouldn't be that hard to take logs of spam
>they sent and show that they illegally used others' computers to send
>it (assuming they did.)  Either they had rights to the IPs it spewed
>from, or they didn't. That should be a chargeable offense.
>
>Second, I'd honeypot them with the SWAT teams ready to go. They scan
>for these infected hosts (or the hosts report to them when the
>infection self-installs.) This can all be simulated with only modest
>effort and arrests made.
>
>But the interesting part of that is not the honeypotting, it's the
>prosecution. One needs the backing of a competent prosecuting body or
>else it's all just an academic exercise.
>
>2. Microsoft operating systems which continue to be flawed and
>vulnerable to viruses.
>
>Now that viruses have emerged (Jeem, Proxy-Guzu, sobig.a) which can
>make a computer (or, more to the point, millions of computers) an
>unwitting weapon against the entire net this problem has to be taken
>more seriously by Microsoft.

Are any of these problems solvable by technical means? Going over and over 
the illegality of spam does not help things, our group cannot make any 
legal impact anyway - we are working on technical solutions.  


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:35:18 -0400

At 08:55 AM 6/20/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>
>
> > > If HTML formating is so valuable, valued and nearly universal used,
> > > why haven't we seen much of it in this mailing list?
> >
> > Because in technical circles (and some academic ones), HTML email is
> > prohibited by cultural tradition -- the same tradition that says quoting in
> > replies should be done in the style I'm using here.
>
>That implies that HTML should be less common here, but not as absent
>as it has been.  We've had contributions from people who don't seem well
>versed on such conventions, including top-posting and full-quoting.

I got messages from the list that were picked up by SpamAssasin partly 
because they were HTML based, particularly some messages from Bob Wyman.



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To: gep2@terabites.com, "'asrg@ietf.org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:41:20 -0400

At 10:25 AM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> >The users want html formatted mail.
>
>Most of them have no idea what that means.
>
>The main reason so many users end up sending HTML-burdened E-mail is because
>they don't know any better, and because it is the default.
>
>Most HTML-burdened E-mail generated by the VAST majority of users never 
>use any
>of the formatting (or other such) features at all.  For all of those 
>messages,
>the HTML-burdening only just makes the messages bigger without conveoying ANY
>more information.

#1: Majority of users and MUAs send HTML email by default
#2: Changing those settings can take months and years
#3: Spammers switching to plain ASCII will take days.
#4: It is easier and faster to have content filters do everything that MUAs 
can, than forcing users to stop using HTML email. Base64 encoding, HTML 
encoding, url encoded URLS, etc. can all be put into content filters.
#5: There is no consent architecture in place for users to make such choices.
#6: We are ignoring the problem. Blocking HTML,base64,attachements, etc. 
still does not fix the fundamental problem of SMTP able to accept email 
from forged senders.

Another example would be challenge response for spam blocking. One of the 
problem with challenge/response is the burden is puts on the sender to have 
to reply to every email. That's why Eric Dean is working on a CRI protocol 
that can do the verification automatically. An automatic CRI protocol that 
is transparent to the end users is something that solves the forged sender 
problem, while blocking HTML does not.

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  


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To: asrg@ietf.org
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 09:43:48 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Steven F Siirila <sfs@tc.umn.edu>

> ...
> > Netscape 7 was written by people like us, who dislike HTML email, so they've
>
> I can tell!  Links in email header lines which used to be clickable in
> Netscape 4 no longer are in Netscape 7!  To visit such a URL (for example,
> to unsubscribe from a list) one has to view the raw message and cut-and-paste!

Are you certain you've not somehow configured Netscape to do that?
I just sent a purely plaintext message without even MIME headers consisting
of "test http://www.rhyolite.com/ test" to a mailbox that is read with
Netscape 7.02 on a Windows ME box.  Netscape on that box is reasonably
locked-down, including turning off HTML.  It displayed the message
with the link functional.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:50:37 -0400

At 10:29 AM 6/20/2003 -0500, Evan Harris wrote:


>Over the past few months, I've been working on a new method of blocking spam
>that I've termed "Greylisting".  From my testing it appears to be over 97%
>effective.
>
>It requires no changes to the infrastructure, is resistant to spammer
>adaptation, and is very effective, yet very lightweight.
>
>The paper outlining the method is at
>http://projects.puremagic.com/greylisting/ and I have also posted an example
>implementation for a Sendmail Milter written in perl.
>
>Please look it over and try to poke holes in it, but I've worked pretty hard
>to make it as bulletproof as possible.

The main point of this method seems to be:

--snip---
"The Greylisting method is very simple. It only looks at three pieces of 
information (which we will refer to as a "triplet" from now on) about any 
particular mail delivery attempt:
The IP address of the host attempting the delivery
The envelope sender address
The envelope recipient address

 From this, we now have a unique triplet for identifying a mail 
"relationship". With this data, we simply follow a basic rule, which is:

"If we have never seen this triplet before, then refuse this delivery and 
any others that may come within a certain period of time with a temporary 
failure. "
--snip---

This proposal has been discussed before by someone else (I forget who), and 
is similar to the one used by TitanKey. The underlying assumption is that 
spammers will not retry message delivery. This may very well change very 
quickly. As I stated before, we need to look to developing a "consent 
architecture" for spam control like the charter says.

Yakov 


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On Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:29:18 -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

>>    1)  Their spam will be less effective;
>
>How?

Much/most html spam includes webbugs to verify identity of the
mark and so validate the address

Jeffrey Race


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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> From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>

> ...
> http://projects.puremagic.com/greylisting/ and I have also posted an example
> implementation for a Sendmail Milter written in perl.
> ...

To deal with sharing the database among servers, have you considered
any of the obvious tactics?  I'm thinking of such as NFS (with NFS
clients and servers that do proper locking) or an inter-system protocol
for sharing the triples and their timestamps?

"Dictionary attack" is a more common term for what you call "trolling."

The biggest problem I see with the tactic is "scaling."  It's the same
as the biggest problem with spam, which can be phrased as "What if
everyone does it?"  Contemplate the effects on very large mail servers.

A smaller but still significant problem is that the mechanism addresses
only the current spam problem that involves literal crimes.  The big
corporate spammers run proper SMTP clients that retransmit.  This
tactic will only increase their extremely low per-target costs by a
little bit.

Still, it appears to be a worthy tool.  Running code and technical
details count outmatch any amount of enthusiastic sales talk, bluster,
and arm waving.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <gep2@terabites.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>, <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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> Authentication tokens typically require special software
> provisions on the part of both the sender and the recipient.
	You're new to the list and thus have probably missed some of the
earlier discussion. While authentication tokens *typically* require
software support at both sender and receiver, there is a class of them
that only requires software support on the receiver side. These are the
"single user" addresses. I might, for instance, create an address that
authorized you to send me mail. Such an address would look something
like: "bob+1092837@example.com". The "token" part of this address would
be a hash of your "From:" address. With such an address, you don't need
any software on your side to pass the token.

> The whitelist I propose NEVER needs to be sent to anybody,
> ... only just the point where the filtering is done.
	Even if never sent to anyone, there is still a privacy concern
with whitelists since if they are explicit lists, they provide a single
list of all of your correspondents. In many cases, people will feel that
compiling such a list is a risk to their privacy since such a list would
be open to inspection by government agencies under some circumstances
and to employees of an ISP if the list is maintained remotely. Even if
only maintained on your personal machine, it could be embarrassing if
people with physical access to your machine could discover the full
universe of your correspondents.

	For more information on "single user" addresses or other
mechanisms to pass tokens with software support on only one side of the
exchange, see my comments in: 
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05395.
html

		bob wyman


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
To: "Evan Harris"  <eharris@puremagic.com>
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> Please look it over and try to poke holes in it, but I've worked pretty
> hard
> to make it as bulletproof as possible.

You mention Exim and sender callback verification, it's probably
worth pointing out that this isn't default behaviour and the Exim docs
suggest that:
"This facility should be used with care, because it adds a lot of resource
usage to the cost of verifying an address."
Exim also provides a "callout_defer_ok" options to allow success in the
face of a temporary failure.


Whatever... any spam that *is* retried after the "block" is aged gets
through. Or have I got that wrong?








--

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To: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>, "Evan Harris"  <eharris@puremagic.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
Cc: "ASRG" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:16:42 -0400

At 05:12 PM 6/20/2003 +0100, Jon Kyme wrote:


> > Please look it over and try to poke holes in it, but I've worked pretty
> > hard
> > to make it as bulletproof as possible.
>[..]
>
>
>Whatever... any spam that *is* retried after the "block" is aged gets
>through. Or have I got that wrong?

Lets say a spammers has gained control over a specific IP address for an X 
amount of time. He normally sends out 1M messages via that IP. So now to 
get around this block, he will send out 2M messages retrying delivery. This 
increases his costs slightly but not to the point where it becomes 
unprofitable. The reason why spammers have not tried this approach yet 
become this blocking method has not been widespread.

Yakov 


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From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:18:13 -0500 (CDT)


On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> To deal with sharing the database among servers, have you considered
> any of the obvious tactics?  I'm thinking of such as NFS (with NFS
> clients and servers that do proper locking) or an inter-system protocol
> for sharing the triples and their timestamps?

Depends on the database implementation, but since I used mysql, sharing is
as easy as opening another connection to the db.  No need for nfs or file
locking or all of that.

> The biggest problem I see with the tactic is "scaling."  It's the same
> as the biggest problem with spam, which can be phrased as "What if
> everyone does it?"  Contemplate the effects on very large mail servers.

Well, keep in mind that the longer you run the system, the more
"relationships" that are observed and whitelisted.  The majority of the
impact is in the first few days of running the system.  After that, I should
think it would scale very well.

There are other ways of avoiding it also.  Change the code so that you don't
block any emails but do record the triplets.  After running the system for a
couple weeks, then add in the delays.  Most of the legit relationships will
already have been learned without any blocking.  The drawback is spammers
will have been learned too, but this is an easy way to minimize the new
system impact.

> A smaller but still significant problem is that the mechanism addresses
> only the current spam problem that involves literal crimes.  The big
> corporate spammers run proper SMTP clients that retransmit.  This
> tactic will only increase their extremely low per-target costs by a
> little bit.

The semi-legit spammers are better handled through dns blacklists and other
methods.  I'm not too concerned with spam from these sources, since those
can be (and probably will be soon) resolved with legislation.

My concern is for the fly-by-night spammer that forges headers, and this
should work pretty well for them.

> Still, it appears to be a worthy tool.  Running code and technical
> details count outmatch any amount of enthusiastic sales talk, bluster,
> and arm waving.

Thanks.  I've been very happy with the results, as have the users on my test
systems.

Evan


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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <gep2@terabites.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>, <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:21:52 -0400

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Gordon Peterson wrote:
> But it's VERY rare that anyone legitimately needs to send an 
> attachment to some recipient without prior arrangement or consent.
	It should be noted that if you attach a digital signature to a
mail message then it will often appear as an attachment... Some
"attachments" aren't bad.

		bob wyman

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From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
To: Jon Kyme <jrk@merseymail.com>
cc: ASRG <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
In-Reply-To: <E19TOVM-0005Fv-00@argon.connect.org.uk>
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:21:30 -0500 (CDT)


> You mention Exim and sender callback verification, it's probably
> worth pointing out that this isn't default behaviour and the Exim docs
> suggest that:
> "This facility should be used with care, because it adds a lot of resource
> usage to the cost of verifying an address."
> Exim also provides a "callout_defer_ok" options to allow success in the
> face of a temporary failure.

Well, all I know is that sourceforge bit me with this, which is why I made
that modification.  Since my main target for using this is techie types, not
good to have problems with sourceforge.  :)

> Whatever... any spam that *is* retried after the "block" is aged gets
> through. Or have I got that wrong?

Yes, unless it is blocked by other means, like dns blacklists or normal
spam catching methods.

But letting the block age requires spammers stick to an IP address, which
makes the dns blacklists work better.  Still results in farily good success.

Evan


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From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        "'Vernon Schryver'" <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> I got messages from the list that were picked up 
> by SpamAssasin partly because they were HTML based, 
> particularly some messages from Bob Wyman.
	Well, I am not a spammer... I'll admit that I send HTML more
often than I *need* to. However, it is sometimes necessary and useful.
For instance, the list of spam related patents that I recently sent out
is much more readable as HTML than it would have been had I sent it as
plaintext since the HTML format allows me to hide the URLs that lead to
each patent document. I had, in fact, originally compiled the list as
ASCII but it was such an ugly mess that I went back and did it again in
HTML. 
	See: 
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05356.
html

	Sometimes, HTML is very useful... And using HTML rather than
ASCII can be a service to the readers of your mail.

		bob wyman



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To: asrg@ietf.org
From: John Morris <jmorris@cdt.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:47:15 -0400

At 11:18 AM -0500 6/20/03, Evan Harris wrote:

>Well, keep in mind that the longer you run the system, the more
>"relationships" that are observed and whitelisted.

As with any whitelist, there are potential privacy concerns, but 
these concerns would be greater here because of the additional data 
tracked in the database.  Of greatest concern would be:

    relay_ip                # sending relay in IPV4 ascii dotted quad notation
    mail_from           # ascii address of sender
    rcpt_to                 # the recipient address.
    blocked_count   # num of blocked attempts to deliver
    passed_count   # num of passed attempts we have allowed
    create_time       # timestamp of creation time of this record
    last_update       # timestamp of last change to this record

[http://projects.puremagic.com/greylisting/source/dbdef.sql]

This extra data would provide a useful "permanent" record that would 
be subject to criminal or civil subpoena.  Some users would gladly 
choose to allow this type of database to be created if it effectively 
reduces spam, but users would need to be fully appraised of the 
privacy risks.

John

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 17:51:09 +0100

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 08:55:21AM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> You've said you have access to lots of mailing lists where HTML mail
> is the norm.  Would it be too hard to look at the next 50 representative
> messages?

OK, here are counts of non-spam messages from a list for people working on a
non-technical political campaign, for four months that had particularly high
traffic (September, October and December 2002, and January 2003).

Total messages: 144
Plain text (including quoted-printable): 94
Total HTML: 48
  'Unnecessary' HTML (just P and DIV tags): 23
  'Useful' HTML (e.g. with bold and italic, and different font sizes): 25
Entire message in base64: 2
Messages (among the above) with attachments: 4

I included quoted-printable in the plain-text category because it was needed
by several people posting messages in languages other than English.

The archives are here:

http://lists.southspace.net/pipermail/esf-uk-info

Ben

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306201701.h5KH1aV5011348@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:01:36 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>

> ...
> > The biggest problem I see with the tactic is "scaling."  It's the same
> > as the biggest problem with spam, which can be phrased as "What if
> > everyone does it?"  Contemplate the effects on very large mail servers.
>
> Well, keep in mind that the longer you run the system, the more
> "relationships" that are observed and whitelisted.  The majority of the
> impact is in the first few days of running the system.  After that, I should
> think it would scale very well.

That makes sense for a small site, but I wonder if AOL or Microsoft
would agree.

> There are other ways of avoiding it also.  Change the code so that you don't
> block any emails but do record the triplets.  After running the system for a
> couple weeks, then add in the delays.  Most of the legit relationships will
> already have been learned without any blocking.  ...

Again, that's plausible for a small company or a vanity domain, but
I suspect an ISP would have other views.  
(A system handling fewer than 50,000 to 150,000 mail messages/day
is small today.)


> > A smaller but still significant problem is that the mechanism addresses
> > only the current spam problem that involves literal crimes.  The big
> > corporate spammers run proper SMTP clients that retransmit.  This
> > tactic will only increase their extremely low per-target costs by a
> > little bit.
>
> The semi-legit spammers are better handled through dns blacklists and other
> methods.  I'm not too concerned with spam from these sources, since those
> can be (and probably will be soon) resolved with legislation.

My bet is the opposite and that the employers of legislators will
never let them outlaw "mainsleaze" even as they instruct them to outlaw
the current spammers.  To prove the point at an extreme, consider the
likelihood of congresscritters outlawing their own spam.


> My concern is for the fly-by-night spammer that forges headers, and this
> should work pretty well for them. ...

I agree, although I find your 95% effectiveness results surprisingly
high.   Other people who have tried the same idea have reported
significantly lower numbers, although still worthwhile.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
To: John Morris <jmorris@cdt.org>
cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:18:13 -0500 (CDT)


> As with any whitelist, there are potential privacy concerns, but
> these concerns would be greater here because of the additional data
> tracked in the database.  Of greatest concern would be:

I disagree.  One of the nice things about this method is that it keeps
very little profiling info.  It certainly doesn't look at the body or
even the headers of the messages.  The only statistics kept are things that
could easily be retrieved from the mailer logs anyway.

> This extra data would provide a useful "permanent" record that would
> be subject to criminal or civil subpoena.  Some users would gladly
> choose to allow this type of database to be created if it effectively
> reduces spam, but users would need to be fully appraised of the
> privacy risks.

I would agree that users should be made aware of any possible privacy risks,
but most users are already aware that mailer level statistics are kept, and
this is just the same thing, just a different format.

If anyone wanted to, cleaning the database of long term info would be
simple.  But it wouldn't help anything, because all the info there could be
gotten from the mail logs anyway.

If your concern is the longevity of the information, consider running this
as a nightly script:

DELETE FROM relaytofrom WHERE record_expires < NOW();
UPDATE relaytofrom SET create_time = NOW();
UPDATE relaytofrom SET blocked_count = 1 WHERE blocked_count > 1;
UPDATE relaytofrom SET passed_count = 1 WHERE passed_count > 1;
UPDATE relaytofrom SET aborted_count = 1 WHERE aborted_count > 1;

With these, there is no data kept in the database for longer than the
longest expiration time, which is a little over a month.  Most mail servers
keep logs for longer than that anyway.

Evan



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From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:36:26 -0500 (CDT)


On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > Well, keep in mind that the longer you run the system, the more
> > "relationships" that are observed and whitelisted.  The majority of the
> > impact is in the first few days of running the system.  After that, I should
> > think it would scale very well.
>
> That makes sense for a small site, but I wonder if AOL or Microsoft
> would agree.

The fact that they have systems that can handle those volumes of mail means
that they also probably already have the needed infrastructure in the way of
distributed scalable database backends.

In the overall picture of handling any individual mail, the checks for
greylisting is a tiny amount.  Multiply that by a million mails an hour, and
it's still the same small percent, which means it should be straightforward
to implement it in a manner that scales with whatever infrastructure is
already in place.

Places like AOL and yahoo already use databases to store their user
accounts, and all the contacts for those user accounts.  Reimplement it to
take advantage of those existing databases, and the impact becomes even
less.

> My bet is the opposite and that the employers of legislators will
> never let them outlaw "mainsleaze" even as they instruct them to outlaw
> the current spammers.  To prove the point at an extreme, consider the
> likelihood of congresscritters outlawing their own spam.

So let them be handled by blacklists.  In either case, the fact that they
are trying to be legit means they are easily blocked since the headers
should not be forged.

> I agree, although I find your 95% effectiveness results surprisingly
> high.   Other people who have tried the same idea have reported
> significantly lower numbers, although still worthwhile.

That may be due to the fact that I'm counting all blocked deliveries in my
totals.  Many delivery attempts are to non-existant users, which would have
been blocked by sendmail anyway, but aren't yet at the point that the milter
gets the info.  I didn't have an easy way of eliminating those, but don't
think I should have anyway.  I don't think that the fact that the spam may
have also been caught by another method (even one so simple as if the user
exists) should not be counted against it.  It still blocked the mail before
that check was done.

Evan


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From: Scott Nelson <scott@helsbreth.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 10:20:11 -0700

At 10:29 AM 6/20/03 -0500, Evan Harris wrote:
>
>Over the past few months, I've been working on a new method of blocking spam
>that I've termed "Greylisting".  From my testing it appears to be over 97%
>effective.
>
>It requires no changes to the infrastructure, is resistant to spammer
>adaptation, and is very effective, yet very lightweight.
>
>The paper outlining the method is at
>http://projects.puremagic.com/greylisting/ and I have also posted an example
>implementation for a Sendmail Milter written in perl.
>
>Please look it over and try to poke holes in it, but I've worked pretty hard
>to make it as bulletproof as possible.
>

My summary of the greylisting;
 Tempfail all new (IP+sender+recipient) triplets.


I only made one pass through the paper, but it looks pretty good to me.
97% feels high for this technique, but it's looks clean enough and
safe enough that I'll run some tests on my own and see if I get similar
numbers.

Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

 


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YS> Lets say a spammers has gained control over a specific IP address for an X
YS> amount of time. He normally sends out 1M messages via that IP. So now to
YS> get around this block, he will send out 2M messages retrying delivery. This
YS> increases his costs slightly but not to the point where it becomes 
YS> unprofitable.

right.


YS> The reason why spammers have not tried this approach yet
YS> become this blocking method has not been widespread.

right.


d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>


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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:47:47 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>

> > As with any whitelist, there are potential privacy concerns, but
> > these concerns would be greater here because of the additional data
> > tracked in the database.  Of greatest concern would be:
>
> I disagree.  One of the nice things about this method is that it keeps
> very little profiling info.  It certainly doesn't look at the body or
> even the headers of the messages.  The only statistics kept are things that
> could easily be retrieved from the mailer logs anyway.

Please reconsider.  Contemplate the value of knowing that Bill Gates has
recieved a message from Steve Case (or vice versa) even without knowing
the contents.  Your database doesn't contain messages, but traffic analysis
can be very valuable.  That's why "pen recorders" are used by the police.
It's why the legitimacy of some traffic analysis of email and phone
calls is a continuing issue in federal criminal court cases.


> ...
> I would agree that users should be made aware of any possible privacy risks,
> but most users are already aware that mailer level statistics are kept, and
> this is just the same thing, just a different format.

That mailer logs are also quite sensitive does not make your records
less sensitive.

Most users are only a little less clue challenged about their privacy
than about whether their mail involves HTML.  But we're not most users
and must pay attention such issues.


> ...
> With these, there is no data kept in the database for longer than the
> longest expiration time, which is a little over a month. 

That sounds like a very good idea.

>                                                         Most mail servers
> keep logs for longer than that anyway.

"Most" is a strong word, particularly on issues like this that are
subject to corporate "document retention" policies.  Those policies
should be called "burn after reading policies" because they require
the desctruction of archives and backups lest they be used in future
court cases.

Note also that some few librarians are burning records as soon as books
are returned to avoid their use by snoopers.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 18:58:26 +0100

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 11:36:05AM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> Not to be difficult, just to see if I agreed, I looked at October, 2002
> Of the 42 total (if I counted right), I found 6 that had real HTML
> formatting.  Three  of those were what might be called formal presentation
> documents intended for bulk distribution (e.g. seminar timetables)
> instead of person-to-person or person-to-mailing-list email.

Distribution of seminar timetables (some of which were drafts for
discussion, IIRC) was one of the purposes of that mailing list.  (It was a
list for the UK organisers of the European Social Forum, who needed to
exchange information about the seminars they were organising.)

> Was that month unusual or did I count wrong?

That month was unusual in having a lot of plain-text messages; the number of
HTML messages (of both kinds) was more consistent from month to month.

> Do you agree that documents such
> as the seminar timetables aren't strictly admissible?  I certainly 
> agree that HTML is appropriate for those documents, but they're also
> legitimate bulk mail that should be subject to white-listing.

Lists that people use for organising events often include such documents,
which then get discussed, revised, and reposted.  In any case, some
anti-spam strategies require white-listing in order to accommodate mailing
lists at all.  (Which seems OK to me.)

If you often receive event announcements (as I do), and therefore have to
read them very quickly, having the most important bits in red or in boldface
(as in a few messages on that list) can be quite helpful.

Also, on that particular list, people sometimes posted documents in plain
text, or in unadorned ('useless') HTML, which would have benefitted from
some HTML formatting, e.g. documents with headings and sub-headings.  Not
just seminar timetables, but meeting summaries, and drafts of official
declarations.  Typically people used all caps for the headings, where a
bigger font might have been more readable.

> Many of the real HTML messages included plaintext versions.
> How do you suppose their authors would have responded if it were
> suggested that HTML was a bad idea?

I guess it depends on whether a really convincing case can be made that HTML
is harmful, and whether it outweighs the perceived benefits.  In my
experience, telling people that they shouldn't use HTML for legitimate
purposes, because spammers and virus writers also use it, doesn't come
across as very logical.

> It should be noted that the Mailman archive of that list might have
> discouraged the use of HTML.  The ugliness of HTML in that vintage of
> Mailman archives is one of the reasons why I've configured Mailman to
> reject HTML submissions to the DCC mailing lists.

I know, those archives are horrible. It's one reason why I've given up on
Mailman altogether, and switched to Sympa (http://www.sympa.org).

Ben

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:01:48 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>

> ...
> > That makes sense for a small site, but I wonder if AOL or Microsoft
> > would agree.
>
> The fact that they have systems that can handle those volumes of mail means
> that they also probably already have the needed infrastructure in the way of
> distributed scalable database backends.

It's one thing to have machinery that can send a half a billion messages
per day with currently typical queue delays.  It like something quite
different to have machinery that could send 500M messages/day, many
retransmitted 1-3 times more than currently and spending 1000 times
longer in the queue.

If all of AOL's peers used your system, a lot of AOL's mail would
start spending 10s or 100s of minutes instead of seconds in AOLs queue.

The cost of a retransmission is about the same as the cost of sending
a message.  Given an average message size of ~5K bytes, most of the
round trips as well as all of the DNS and TCP SYN delays in an SMTP
transaction are burned by the end of the Rcpt_TO command.  Contrary
to common naive calculations, the 6 packets and 3 or 4 round trips of
the DATA command are often the tail of the dog.


> In the overall picture of handling any individual mail, the checks for
> greylisting is a tiny amount.  Multiply that by a million mails an hour, and
> it's still the same small percent, which means it should be straightforward
> to implement it in a manner that scales with whatever infrastructure is
> already in place.
>
> Places like AOL and yahoo already use databases to store their user
> accounts, and all the contacts for those user accounts.  Reimplement it to
> take advantage of those existing databases, and the impact becomes even
> less.

I'm not talking about the costs for the recipients running your system
but for the senders.



> > My bet is the opposite and that the employers of legislators will
> > never let them outlaw "mainsleaze" even as they instruct them to outlaw
> > the current spammers.  To prove the point at an extreme, consider the
> > likelihood of congresscritters outlawing their own spam.
>
> So let them be handled by blacklists.  In either case, the fact that they
> are trying to be legit means they are easily blocked since the headers
> should not be forged. ...

Blacklists do not work for "mainsleaze" because a significant part
and usually most of those spews is not spam because it is wanted by
its targets.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 14:01:57 -0400

At 09:32 AM 6/20/2003 -0700, Dave Crocker wrote:

>YS> Lets say a spammers has gained control over a specific IP address for an X
>YS> amount of time. He normally sends out 1M messages via that IP. So now to
>YS> get around this block, he will send out 2M messages retrying delivery. 
>This
>YS> increases his costs slightly but not to the point where it becomes
>YS> unprofitable.
>
>right.
>
>
>YS> The reason why spammers have not tried this approach yet
>YS> become this blocking method has not been widespread.
>
>right.

Lets say to fight this spammer trick email hosts will now reject messages 
after 2 times, then the spammers adjusting and sending 3M messages, now 
reject value stands at 3 times, spammers send 4M messages, ad infinitum. 
This would increase costs of sending email since it would have to be stored 
longed and retried longer. HOWEVER, at a certain point (number of rejects), 
spamming will become too costly although I think that reject point is very 
large. Also, there is a reject point at which the sending MTAs will think 
that the message is really undeliverable. The question is where two of 
these points intersect. This sounds like something Eric Brunner was 
discussing at one point.

This is basically an economic approach - you are increasing the cost of 
each sent message by forcing the sender to store it longer and use more 
network resources sending it. The same goal would be accomplished by adding 
email postage but this approach works without changing the existing 
infrastructure. What you are basically doing is imposing cost on ALL users 
of the system by forcing them to use network resources multiple times.

Yakov  


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:06:36 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>

> >  'Unnecessary' HTML (just P and DIV tags): 23

> 	This is not necessarily a valid measure of utility. It is often
> the case that HTML is displayed using fonts which are different from
> those used to display "ASCII" messages. Given that those fonts are often
> variable pitch and given that variable pitch fonts are known to be (for
> most people) much more readable, one can argue that there is utility in
> sending HTML formatted messages even if that HTML doesn't include
> special rendering of text. The utility comes from sending the message in
> a format which is likely to be easier to read as well as to be more
> readily understood by the reader.

That's wrong.  If you as a mail receiver like variable pitch fonts,
then you can have them with common MUAs with plaintext mail simply by
configuring your MUA.  If you don't like variable pitch fonts, then
you also don't need to see them with HTML messages that don't specify
a font.

Do you think much HTML mail specifies a font by other than <BIG>
or a numeric size?   My impression is otherwise.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: Steven F Siirila <sfs@tc.umn.edu>
To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 09:43:48AM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> > From: Steven F Siirila <sfs@tc.umn.edu>
> 
> > ...
> > > Netscape 7 was written by people like us, who dislike HTML email, so they've
> >
> > I can tell!  Links in email header lines which used to be clickable in
> > Netscape 4 no longer are in Netscape 7!  To visit such a URL (for example,
> > to unsubscribe from a list) one has to view the raw message and cut-and-paste!
> 
> Are you certain you've not somehow configured Netscape to do that?
> I just sent a purely plaintext message without even MIME headers consisting
> of "test http://www.rhyolite.com/ test" to a mailbox that is read with
> Netscape 7.02 on a Windows ME box.  Netscape on that box is reasonably
> locked-down, including turning off HTML.  It displayed the message
> with the link functional.

Are you talking about header lines or body lines?  I'm talking about headers.

> Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

-- 

Steven F. Siirila			Office: Lind Hall, Room 130B
Internet Services			E-mail: sfs@umn.edu
Office of Information Technology	Voice: (612) 626-0244
University of Minnesota

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 13:16:54 -0500 (CDT)


On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, Scott Nelson wrote:

> I only made one pass through the paper, but it looks pretty good to me.
> 97% feels high for this technique, but it's looks clean enough and
> safe enough that I'll run some tests on my own and see if I get similar
> numbers.
>
> Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>

Please send me an email and let me know how your tests come out.  You'll get
best results when you complement this method with using dns blacklists or
other methods of IP based blocking for known spammers.

Evan


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 13:24:36 -0500 (CDT)


> > I would agree that users should be made aware of any possible privacy risks,
> > but most users are already aware that mailer level statistics are kept, and
> > this is just the same thing, just a different format.
>
> That mailer logs are also quite sensitive does not make your records
> less sensitive.

The only issue I had with the original statement was the claim that this
method should cause greater concern for privacy.  While there are privacy
concerns with any statistics, I wouldn't consider this method any more of a
danger than normal server logs, since nothing is kept that couldn't be found
there.

Evan


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306201825.h5KIPofO000486@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
References: <20030620180619.GA5652@earth.tc.umn.edu>
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:25:50 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Steven F Siirila <sfs@tc.umn.edu>

> ...
> > > I can tell!  Links in email header lines which used to be clickable in
> > > Netscape 4 no longer are in Netscape 7!  To visit such a URL (for example,
> > > to unsubscribe from a list) one has to view the raw message and cut-and-paste!
> > 
> > Are you certain you've not somehow configured Netscape to do that?
> > I just sent a purely plaintext message without even MIME headers consisting
> ...

> Are you talking about header lines or body lines?  I'm talking about headers.

I'm talking about body lines, because the topic involves the question
of whether HTML is necessary to make URLs clickable.  HTML doesn't
apply to headers.


I realize that the headers for this mailing list include List-Subscribe
and List-Unsubscribe lines because I'm a masochistic geek.  I bet
many subscribers to this list don't, despite its topic.
I just compared Netscape 4 with 7, and I see that the normally hidding
headers including List-Unsubscribe were clickable in 4 but are not in 7.
They're hidden in both.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: Dave Crocker <dhc@dcrocker.net>
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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
CC: "ASRG" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Yakov,

YS> Lets say to fight this spammer trick email hosts will now reject messages
YS> after 2 times, then the spammers adjusting and sending 3M messages, now
YS> reject value stands at 3 times, spammers send 4M messages, ad infinitum.
YS> This would increase costs of sending email since it would have to be stored
YS> longed and retried longer. HOWEVER, at a certain point (number of rejects),
YS> spamming will become too costly although I think that reject point is very
YS> large.

as well as the cost to those sending legitimate mail, as well as the
cost to the receiving sites to process these rejected postings.

so, large-scale use of this facility will do an excellent job of
providing a deprivation of service attack.  unfortunately, the attack
will be experienced by everyone, not just the bad guys.


YS> This is basically an economic approach - you are increasing the cost of
YS> each sent message by forcing the sender

blunt instrument.


d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:36:05 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>

> OK, here are counts of non-spam messages from a list for people working on a
> non-technical political campaign, for four months that had particularly high
> traffic (September, October and December 2002, and January 2003).
>
> Total messages: 144
> Plain text (including quoted-printable): 94
> Total HTML: 48
>   'Unnecessary' HTML (just P and DIV tags): 23
>   'Useful' HTML (e.g. with bold and italic, and different font sizes): 25
> Entire message in base64: 2
> Messages (among the above) with attachments: 4
>
> I included quoted-printable in the plain-text category because it was needed
> by several people posting messages in languages other than English.
>
> The archives are here:
>
> http://lists.southspace.net/pipermail/esf-uk-info


Thanks!  

So by your count, 25/144 or 17% involved real HTML?  
That's more than I predicted, but less than it seemed others suggested.

Not to be difficult, just to see if I agreed, I looked at October, 2002
Of the 42 total (if I counted right), I found 6 that had real HTML
formatting.  Three  of those were what might be called formal presentation
documents intended for bulk distribution (e.g. seminar timetables)
instead of person-to-person or person-to-mailing-list email.  Was that
month unusual or did I count wrong?  3/39 or 8% is above my prediction
but significantly below 17%.  Do you agree that documents such
as the seminar timetables aren't strictly admissible?  I certainly 
agree that HTML is appropriate for those documents, but they're also
legitimate bulk mail that should be subject to white-listing.

Many of the real HTML messages included plaintext versions.
How do you suppose their authors would have responded if it were
suggested that HTML was a bad idea?

It should be noted that the Mailman archive of that list might have
discouraged the use of HTML.  The ugliness of HTML in that vintage of
Mailman archives is one of the reasons why I've configured Mailman to
reject HTML submissions to the DCC mailing lists.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Benjamin Geer'" <ben@socialtools.net>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Benjamin Geer wrote:
>  'Unnecessary' HTML (just P and DIV tags): 23
	This is not necessarily a valid measure of utility. It is often
the case that HTML is displayed using fonts which are different from
those used to display "ASCII" messages. Given that those fonts are often
variable pitch and given that variable pitch fonts are known to be (for
most people) much more readable, one can argue that there is utility in
sending HTML formatted messages even if that HTML doesn't include
special rendering of text. The utility comes from sending the message in
a format which is likely to be easier to read as well as to be more
readily understood by the reader.

		bob wyman


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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 14:00:50 -0400

At 11:47 AM 6/20/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
>
> > > As with any whitelist, there are potential privacy concerns, but
> > > these concerns would be greater here because of the additional data
> > > tracked in the database.  Of greatest concern would be:
> >
> > I disagree.  One of the nice things about this method is that it keeps
> > very little profiling info.  It certainly doesn't look at the body or
> > even the headers of the messages.  The only statistics kept are things that
> > could easily be retrieved from the mailer logs anyway.
>
>Please reconsider.  Contemplate the value of knowing that Bill Gates has
>recieved a message from Steve Case (or vice versa) even without knowing
>the contents.  Your database doesn't contain messages, but traffic analysis
>can be very valuable.  That's why "pen recorders" are used by the police.
>It's why the legitimacy of some traffic analysis of email and phone
>calls is a continuing issue in federal criminal court cases.

There are ways to reduce the problem by storing the sensitive information 
not in plain text, perhaps using some one way function like many systems do 
for passwords. Still it is an issue.

>[..]
>
> >                                                         Most mail servers
> > keep logs for longer than that anyway.
>
>"Most" is a strong word, particularly on issues like this that are
>subject to corporate "document retention" policies.  Those policies
>should be called "burn after reading policies" because they require
>the desctruction of archives and backups lest they be used in future
>court cases.

Some time ago I was in touch with a CIO-level executive of a major 
university. Their retention policies call for ALL logs to be destroyed 
after merely 10 days due to the increased number of court orders.

Also, the SEC/NASD rules require all email to be stored for three years at 
US-based investment firms. These whitelists just add to the equation.

>Note also that some few librarians are burning records as soon as books
>are returned to avoid their use by snoopers.

Being a former librarian I definitely agree with that. I had also recently 
wrote a library program used for small schools and specifically put in a 
feature to erase records after the books are returned.

Yakov 


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From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 13:46:07 -0500 (CDT)


> If all of AOL's peers used your system, a lot of AOL's mail would
> start spending 10s or 100s of minutes instead of seconds in AOLs queue.

Excellent.  Then AOL will make damn sure that what it sends is not spam.

Seriously, after initial learning, the amount of legitimate mail that
results in a temporary block is pretty small.  How often do you get mail
from someone you've never had contact with versus how much mail do you get
from established relationships?

Speaking for myself and the users on the test systems, that ratio is pretty
small.

> transaction are burned by the end of the Rcpt_TO command.  Contrary
> to common naive calculations, the 6 packets and 3 or 4 round trips of
> the DATA command are often the tail of the dog.

I did it by packets because that was the easiest, and definitly does impact
people with less than ample connections.  Show me a way to measure the other
qualities on a significant scale, and I'll be happy to attempt to.

> I'm not talking about the costs for the recipients running your system
> but for the senders.

Admittedly, there is some amount of penalty to senders of email.  But isn't
that the point?  The whole problem of spam stems from the fact that sending
it is abysmally cheap.  And the penalty will be larger for spammers since
they generally don't stick around to establish relationships.

I think this method of "increasing the cost" of emailing is a lot better
than other suggested methods of doing so, an increasing the cost is the only
way we will stop spam.  As long as it remains profitable, it will continue
to be a problem.

> > So let them be handled by blacklists.  In either case, the fact that they
> > are trying to be legit means they are easily blocked since the headers
> > should not be forged. ...
>
> Blacklists do not work for "mainsleaze" because a significant part
> and usually most of those spews is not spam because it is wanted by
> its targets.

Then I guess I don't see the problem.  If the mail is wanted, why should I
be trying to block it?

Evan


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From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
cc: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, ASRG <asrg@ietf.org>,
        Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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> This is basically an economic approach - you are increasing the cost of
> each sent message by forcing the sender to store it longer and use more
> network resources sending it. The same goal would be accomplished by adding
> email postage but this approach works without changing the existing
> infrastructure. What you are basically doing is imposing cost on ALL users
> of the system by forcing them to use network resources multiple times.

Exactly, except that the system as described only incurs the penalty the
first time a relationship is established.  And that affects spammers much
more than legit senders.

Evan


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 12:59:15 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>

> ...
> > I'm not talking about the costs for the recipients running your system
> > but for the senders.
>
> Admittedly, there is some amount of penalty to senders of email.  But isn't
> that the point?  ...

No, the point is to penalize senders of spam while doing minimal harm.

> ...
> > > So let them be handled by blacklists.  In either case, the fact that they
> > > are trying to be legit means they are easily blocked since the headers
> > > should not be forged. ...
> >
> > Blacklists do not work for "mainsleaze" because a significant part
> > and usually most of those spews is not spam because it is wanted by
> > its targets.
>
> Then I guess I don't see the problem.  If the mail is wanted, why should I
> be trying to block it?

Private blacklists are not practical for any except crazy users
to maintain.  As proof, consider the 7000 entries in
http://www.rhyolite.com/anti-spam/spammers.html
Those are all justified by spam sent toward mailboxes @rhyolite.com
or various spam traps.

System wide blacklists don't work.  For example, dell.com is in my
blacklist for good, sufficient, and continuing reasons, but I'm sure some
of their targets want those "newsletter."  A system-wide blacklist of
dell.com is unworkable except at trivially tiny domains like rhyolite.com


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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>> However, you would cut down you spam load significantly if you rejected
> all mail with "Content-type: text/html" SMTP or MIME entity headers
> from strangers.  

> How can you have it both ways? You either receive email from strangers 
or you don't. 

The point is BY DEFAULT to reject unsolicited HTML-burdened E-mail, or mail from untrusted/unknown senders that contains attachments.  By so doing, you will shrink spam byte volume by probably 90% or more.  You'll also eliminate in one fell swoop the GREAT majority of viruses, worms, and trojans.

Plain ASCII text will continue to be delivered as before.

> Those who want to recieve mail from strangers can simply 
not block any email, or continue to use filters. 

There is nothing that would PRECLUDE anybody from continuing to receive anything they like, from anybody (including all the world's spammers and other abusers), if that's the way they want to set their incoming mail account.  (In fact, I'd presume that honeypot accounts would want to be set to receive anything and everything...)

> Those who don't, should be able to require verifiable identification through some means.

Once you HAVE heard from someone, there are a whole variety of ways to establish "identification", perhaps the most recognized being PGP/PKI encryption or signatures.  But again, that's not particularly useful for a FIRST contact, and that's really what we're talking about here.

It's really sorta like Yahoogroups discussion lists, where their enlightened feature of "moderate posts by new members" has contributed HUGELY to keeping those lists (the well-managed ones, anyhow) spam-free.  In that case, newly subscribed folks CANNOT send anything to the whole list until the moderator approves it.  Once the moderator is convinced that the subscriber is not a spammer, the specific now-trusted user can be set to "no moderation required" (and that status can be reverted to 'moderated' if the trust proves to have been premature).  Meanwhile, hit-and-run spammers who create a new disposable ID, join a bunch of lists and shovel out a boatload of spam and then vanish into the dark of night have been severely damaged, now that only the moderators ever see the great majority of their crap.

What we're talking about doing here is much the same thing.  We're trying to put obstacles into the paths of spammers, denying them much of their cover, making their lives more difficult in hopes of convincing them to go find themselves some other way to try to make a living.

> If one's bread and butter dependes on receiving email from strangers, 
then they need an open mail box. 

My proposal would leave virtually ALL mailboxes 'open' (subject, at least, to whatever content filtering [Spam Assassin or whatever] they wished to employ).

Let's recognize and agree that maintaining the status quo isn't really an option... spam is a very big problem, and it WILL GET BIGGER until eventually even the most reluctant will agree that SOMETHING serious must be done.

Blocking (by DEFAULT) unsolicited HTML-burdened E-mails from unknown/untrusted recipients would probably block 70-80% of today's spam E-mails, and even once *every* spammer reverts to plain ASCII text, the spam BYTE VOLUME (for the same number of spams) would probably still be reduced by something like the same amount.

Yes, it IS true that a lot of clueless users end up sending (usually totally unwittingly) HTML-burdened E-mails because their AOL/Hotmail/Exchange/whatever ends up generating that BY DEFAULT.  [IMHO, that is every much an inexcusable waste of resources as spam itself is... but in any case, they certainly have the option of sending that to anyone willing to agree to accept it.]

> Most (I believe a very high percentage) of email users don't depend on email from strangers for their living.

Okay, let's accept that.  

Still, I want to be able to receive inquiries from people who I've never heard from before... folks maybe who stumbled into my Web site, or who got a referral from another of my clients, or maybe just someone who saw one of my E-mails somewhere and wanted to get in touch.  [Over the years, I've hosted dozens and dozens of people from six continents who I've met JUST THIS WAY...]  It matters little whether it's "making a living" or just "making friends".  The thing that is important here is that plain ASCII text (the UNIVERSAL form that EVERYONE can handle) is _the_ preferred way to E-mail someone, AT LEAST UNTIL YOU HAVE ESTABLISHED THAT THEY CAN AND WILL ACCEPT OTHER FORMATS.

Sure, once upon a time there were some newbie folks who tended to send their E-mail as attachments in Word .DOC format attachments too, but thankfully most of them figured out pretty quickly that they didn't endear themselves to most of their recipients by doing that.  :-)  [Now, mind you, there's NOTHING WRONG with using Word .DOC files if you REALLY WANT to send something that way, and if your intended recipient(s) agree.]

[snip]

> (Could you adjust your line length to less than 78?  My ancient MUA
doesn't rewrap lines, and I think it shouldn't.  I control my own line 
lengths by piping paragraphs through `fmt` as I edit them with `vi`.)

Could, but in my experience the artifacts of doing that tends to be worse rather than better, since one ends up with chewed-up interlaced paragraphs that are even more frustrating.  Sorry.

[snip]

>> One nice thing about what I propose is that it can be implemented at the 
> recipient ISP ...

> Yes, but until ISPs can tell users who complain "run the Netscape or
Microsoft auto-update mechanism", they will not and cannot do such
filtering by default.

I'm not sure I understand your comment.  The reason they would want to change THEIR mail software would be so it would NOT generate HTML-burdened E-mail by default.  To truncate the undesirable/untrusted stuff earlier on the transmission/delivery path (BEFORE wasting as many resources handling it) it makes sense to filter it as soon as it reaches the destination domain.  So while the filtering COULD be done at the end-user's system (indeed, my personal incoming mail filtering system works on stuff after it's arrived here) the benefits are greater if you filter it sooner.

[snip]

> How much of that [HTML-burdened] mail involves real
formatting?  If you choose 50 messsages at random, how many use HTML
and of those, how many use any real text formating?  (e.g. intentional
use of <em> or <b> as opposed to noise added by MUAs to all HTML
messages they create)

> If you'll take bets, put my money on 80% or more using HTML and
less than 1% using any real text formating.

In the case of Yahoogroups, and this is probably typical, the main HTML formatting difference is that it 'allows' Yahoo to install bulkier, more annoying graphical banner ads in messages instead of just sending (smaller) plain ASCII text ads.

I don't think that most Lusers do any message formatting in their messages... hell, many of them haven't even figured out how to work their shift and caps lock keys.  ;-)  And even those that DO would probably gladly give up that *minor* characteristic if the result was a major reduction in spam.

> So turn off HTML until the the user makes some text bold or purple,
and then silently and automatically switch to HTML.

[Or, pop up one of those dialog boxes alerting them that HTML-burdened mail adds 3-5x to mail bulk and isn't welcomed by all recipients, and allowing them the option of proceeding or going back to plain ASCII text... with maybe an option box they can check which says "don't warn me about this in the future."]

> As I keep saying there are those of us whose livelihoods involve
email and who won't tolerate 0.2% false positives and there are
the 100,000,000's of the rest of the Internet for whom not receiving
spam is more important than not hearing from a long lost friend.

And let's not forget that the "long lost friend" probably won't object in the slightest to sending a plain ASCII E-mail, if that's what it takes to reach you. I don't know many friends who would begrudge anything that takes a substantial bite out of spam and viruses!!

> Without HTML
tricks to hide various things, all of their stuff is in the open and
plainly visible to your Sally End Users.  Even your Sally probably
discards a Nigerian 419 spam after reading the first 5 words and she
may delete unread mail with obvious "hash busters" in subjects.

Exactly.

FWIW, I end up opening and reading those mails mostly so I can add the bad guys' URLs and domain names to my PC's HOSTS file, which serves as one of the inputs to my incoming mail filtering system.  :-)  I'll therefore never be bothered by reading spam hawking THOSE sites ever again.  :-)))

[DCC]

> That idea is that as a message
arrives or is about to be presented to you, your MTA or MUA should ask
a clearinghouse if substantially identical messages have been seen
elsewhere.  If the answer is "yes, 12345 of them," then your MTA or MUA
can know it is a "bulk" message check your list of approved senders or
whitelist.  

One of the perhaps useful ideas from the spf discussion is that rather than itself being a filtering determinator, maybe the spf analysis (i.e. 'is this sender expected to be coming from this IP address block?') would be one, weighted input that could be included in the SpamAssassin criteria list.

By the same token, knowing that a lot of folks received the same message (or substantively the same message) from your inbox that is being examined would be another useful weightable input into the SpamAssassin (or similar) decision process.

[snip]

> IMHO, blocking an email message because it's base64 encoded is 
misguided. Here's a case in point: There are gateways out there that 
will switch encodings on messages. If a message is sent through a 
gateway that understands 8-bit messaging, and it is then passed through 
to another system which only allows 7-bit, it's got to be downgraded. 
Downgrading to base64 is perfectly reasonable for such a gateway.

While I understand your point, I think I have seen EXACTLY ONE such message that I can recall (and THAT one was spam, where the encoding was used just to obfuscate the mail content), and I suspect that the number of remaining 7-bit-only MTAs is exceedingly small.  

But again, in any case, if a given user tends to receive mail (legitimately) in base64 format (perhaps from a specific subgroup of correspondents) it would be very easy to open that window for those folks (and even, presumably, to disable the encoded-text filter altogether for that recipient).  Again, it's about the CHOICE for the user, and so they could respond in whatever way and degree makes the mose sense TO THEM in exchange for a given degree of control against incoming spam, viruses, worms, and trojans. 

[snip]

[HTML-burdened E-mail]

> This issue is well documented in  <http://www.camblab.com/nugget/htmlmail.pdf>

Indeed, I've bookmarked that for future use.  [the article makes a good argument against HTML-burdened E-mail, and describes how to send plain ASCII text for various mail client software]

[snip]

[<http://www.camblab.com/nugget/htmlmail.pdf>]

> Interesting read. However, how can we mandate filtering of HTML mail if 
many MUAs use it by default?  

I don't think we can "mandate" on a global basis much of anything.  (Part of why I think approaches like spf are probably doomed).  What we *can* do however is to make antispam tools like my proposed "permission whitelists" available, and encourage people to use them as widely as possible.

Indeed, such an approach is arguably at its MOST effective when it is NOT universally used, and where nearly all (offending!) spam will be blocked by it.  :-))))  

[Although, as I've pointed out, even if ALL spam reverts to plain ASCII text as a result of (someday) near-universal HTML-burdened-mail blocking by default from unknown/unagreed senders... you still have the volume of that spam reduced by at least 70%, even for the SAME number of spam messages... and probably a greater reduction due to the resulting plain ASCII text spams having a harder time trying to trick users into responding, making the whole enterprise less appealing to spammers...]

Obviously, the MUAs and ISPs which generate wasteful HTML-burdened E-mail by default are a BIG contributor to the waste and abuse problem... probably nearly as bad as spammers themselves are.  One of the unabashed goals ought to be to get such mail sent in plain ASCII text instead (I liked the idea of sending it in plain ASCII text **unless** the sender *actually used* features requiring formatting... and perhaps answered a dialog box confirming that such formatting was important to them, and agreed by their recipient(s).)

[snip]

> Basically we are in an educational period where we have to undo the
damage done by some bad decisions by Netscape and MS.   The consequences
are now apparent re HTML.   Even MS realizes the error of its ways (well,
some of them anyway) and is now turning off some default security
threats in its new builds.

It would be interesting to see a suit filed against AOL and/or Microsoft by some big ISP (say, swbell.net or earthlink or somebody?) to attempt to recoup the heavy costs incurred (bandwidth, storage, etc) due to the wasteful default sending of HTML-burdened E-mail where it proves to not be necessary.  Perhaps that's just a dream, but I'd love to see them held accountable someday for the huge associated costs that ROTTEN decision carried.

[snip]

> The vast majority of end-user email is HTML.  They use bold and italics in all 
their other applications.  They embed cutesy images in all their 
other applications.  Why shouldn't they in email?  Cost differential? 
They really don't care.  

And they shouldn't HAVE to care, as long as they have permission from their intended recipients to receive such stuff.  But SOMEONE pays for all this bandwidth, and a lot of it is wasted by just such irresponsibility.

If we agree that spam is wasteful, then we ought to agree that unnecessary/unwanted/[unwitting!] use of HTML-burdened E-mail is also wasteful (and HTML-burdened spams just COMPOUND the problem to a higher degree!)  Anything we can do to encourage stopping that waste is probably a good effort.

> And then of course there is commercial, requested email, which is virtually 100% HTML.  

And such commercial, requested, HTML-burdened E-mail... which the intended recipient has AGREED to accept... will not be affected at all by the permissions list, since it will (obviously) be approved by the recipient in advance.

Again, the whole point of this is PUTTING THE RECIPIENT IN CONTROL of the use of their LIMITED RESOURCES (bandwidth, Inbox space, storage/archiving resources, etc).  THAT IS AS IT SHOULD BE!  The phone company has the right to publish any kind of phone books they want (as long as it's at THEIR expense), but they don't have the right to bring by a truck and dump 30,000 of them onto MY driveway!

[snip]

>> And if they REALLY WANT to use HTML, another approach without most of the bulk is to put it up on a Web server (using an 'unguessable' URL) and E-mail (as
plain ASCII text) the URL to the intended recipient.

> Sure.  I'll just tell my father that when he wants to emphasize 
something he shouldn't hit Apple-B, 

If he wants to emphasize something, it's just as easy to *emphasize* it or _underline_ it or CAPITALIZE it.  This has been standard practice in e-mail messaging for something like twenty years, and you don't have to triple or quadruple the size of the overall E-mail to do that.

> he should pay his ISP for a web host and learn how to publish on it.  

1) I don't think that most end users really do need anything that elaborate.

2) Most end users ALREADY have (at least some, but usually more than adequate) free personal web space already made available to them by their ISPs.

3) Suitable software could make that publishing-and-linking 'transparent' (or nearly so).

4) If they REALLY want formatting in their text, then there are other ways FAR better for doing that than HTML (.DOC files, .PDF files, LaTeX files, etc).  But IN ANY CASE sending those is NOT appropriate or polite on a "first contact", unsolicited basis.

What I was referring to was more for those commercial things (newsletters for example) where the senders REALLY REALLY FEEL that they "need" HTML to get their message across... and where their recipients agree.  You STILL don't need to put it into every E-mail you send, you can just send the URL and put the HTML up on a Web server somewhere.  HTML was created for Web pages, that's REALLY where it belongs... not in E-mail.

NOT EVERYBODY reads their E-mail using a Web browser.

Ask people with text pagers (for example) how much they appreciate receiving E-mails where the only thing they see before the message truncates is a bunch of stupid HTML tags...

> Or were you instead proposing that everyone in the world upgrade their email client to something that uses "pull" instead of "push"?  Please can we be serious?

I'm being PLENTY serious... you are the one talking about silly stuff.

[snip]

> ...in the business world...they use Outlook, which gives you a little toolbar that looks exactly like your Microsoft Word formatting toolbar, with font size,
bold/italic/underline, colour, etc.

Fine.  Doesn't change the situation much.  Fact remains that the great majority of E-mails (even the stuff sent with HTML-burdened format) does not include any use of font sizes, bold/italic/underline, colors, etc.  And if people realized that doing so inconvenienced many recipients and increased the cost of their E-mail (and specifically, if it put a serious dent in spam!) they'd find other ways to get their message across.

> If 70% of people currently use HTML, as Kee Hinckley's numbers suggest, then
the false positive rate will be 70% under the proposed scheme.

You're ignoring the facts that:

  1)  it could be that existing correspondents will be automatically, semi-automatically, (or manually!) set to continue authorizing them to send mail in the same format they're used to sending it;

  2)  hopefully, once they become sensitized to the wastefulness, they'll be glad to send plain ASCII text instead;

  3)  if it means combatting spam, they'll be even more happy to adjust their settings;

  4)  hopefully ISPs and mail client authors will also become more responsible and change their defaults to something less costly and less spam-friendly.

> Think of what would happen in those 70% of cases.  

After the initial installation, that's only for the "70%" of NEW e-mails arriving in unwanted formats from unknown/untrusted senders.  (And, presumably, 90-95% of all spam!)

> Instead of one message, there would be at least three (the original HTML mail, the bounce message, and the plain-text version), 

The bounce message will probably be VERY small (no need for IT to be HTML-burdened!  :-) ) and the plain-text version likewise.  Hopefully in very short order, people will figure it all out.

> and at most five (the original HTML mail, the
bounce message, the request for permission, the acknowledgement of
permission, and then the original HTML mail again).  

In the GREAT majority of cases, there won't be any need for permission.

> For a proposal that's meant to decrease the volume of mail and avoid creating disruption, that's not very satisfactory.

Either senders switch to sending plain ASCII text, or they don't.

If they DO, then the mail volume (bulk/bytes) goes down by about 70-80% starting with the VERY FIRST plain ASCII text E-mail they send.  It doesn't take very many of those before a couple of explanatory/permission messages repay themselves.

If they DON'T, then at least they'll become aware that many users resent the waste of their limited Inbox space (and users will hopefully learn the downside, which they generally don't understand today).  And they'll learn to not PRESUME they can send "just any" formaat that they wish without having the RECIPIENT okay that.

In either case, the clear message is that the RECIPIENT HAS THE CONTROL over what they are willing to accept... the sender cannot just send 'whatever' and expect to have it delivered regardless.

> Mail from strangers isn't just from long-lost friends.  It's ubiquitous in
the corporate world.

Absolutely.  And many corporations may choose to accept mail in any and all formats, and not to implement any kind of filtering at all.  That's THEIR CHOICE.

Given what viruses/worms/trojans (AND spams!) cost most companies, however, I sorta wonder how many of them will end up making that choice.  :-)

> The employees of a typical company communicate with employees of many other
companies: clients, suppliers, etc. Employees come and go, and different
projects involve different combinations of companies and different people,
so the set of people that a given individual may receive legitimate mail
from is constantly changing.  Consider a sales representative, who may be
contacted by a constantly-changing set of hundreds of people who work at
companies that she is negotiating sales with, or that may be interested in
her company's products.  As a sale progresses, more companies (accountants,
lawyers, etc.) are brought in.  Similarly for mergers and acquisitions.
That's a lot of people who would be annoyed by bounces.

Right.  But I suspect that the great majority of those senders will pretty quickly realize that they won't be inconvenienced if they send plain ASCII, and make the switch.  It's a (minor) learning process, but then again SO ARE ANY of these proposed anti-spam solutions.  Maintaining the status quo is NOT a practical and viable option.

[snip]

> On receiving your proposed bounce message, the irate recipient gets on the phone to his IT department, and demands to know why he has to go off and read some technical web site just to send an email.  This is a recipe for chaos.

The bounce message ought to be polite and informative, and explain why we all need to work together to stop spammers and viruses.  It's true that some users will call their IT departments instead of visiting the Web site for more information, but as I mentioned before, it's a learning process.  As such "permissions lists" become more common around the Net, legitimate senders will learn to change their outgoing mail options and everything should quite rapidly settle down.

> And in case you're thinking of suggesting that the IT department configure
everyone's MUA to send plain text by default, keep in mind that this would
place a huge burden on IT departments, 

Oh, that's SUCH nonsense.  It's probably a SINGLE registry setting, and many large-corporate IT departments probably already have "automated rollout" provisions to adjust stuff like that.  Even if they don't, it would be a VERY easy matter to have a 'stock' E-mail that explains to the user how to adjust their settings in Outlook accordingly.  "Huge burden" is ridiculous, especially if there was in fact a great reduction in spamming, viruses, worms and trojans... which DO cause a "huge burden" on corporate IT departments. 

> which are already straining to keep everyone's virus checkers up to date.  

Virus checkers, in particular, would become *almost* superfluous if attachments were only received from known/trusted senders WITH A RECOGNIZED NEED TO SEND ATTACHMENTS!

> Moreover, it wouldn't help in the case where the irate manager is trying to send a PowerPoint document.

There's NO point in sending a PowerPoint document to someone who doesn't have the requisite software to view a PowerPoint document.  Again, there's NO point in sending such stuff to anybody on a FIRST CONTACT.

> An anti-spam system should be as non-intrusive as possible; 

Well, other than that we sorta wanna rock the spammers' world.  :-)

> ...I think we can do better than this.

Perhaps, although this is the most practical, easily implementable, functional, compatible, lowest cost proposal I've seen so far.  And about the ONLY one which would probably cut overall E-mail cost and volume by half or more, Net-wide.  

[snip]

> More important, the problem for your idea is not selling it here but
in Redmond.  Until Microsoft stops encoding mail in HTML by default,
perhaps by only turning on HTML when the user does some formating,
ISPs cannot filter HTML by default.  I really wish they could and
would, but I'm not quite crazy enough to confuse my wishes with reality.

If Microsoft can sue a bunch of spammers for generating wasteful/fraudulent/bogus traffic and increasing Hotmail's costs, then a similar argument could be made for a big ISP (say Earthlink or someone) that Microsoft's defaulting to sending HTML-burdened mail is similarly costly to the ISP.  While we haven't seen such a suit yet, there are a whole lot of lawsuits based on much slimmer and more farfetched arguments.  It would certainly put the concern onto Microsoft's radar screen, anyhow.


Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>We have no architecture in place for consent-based communications. First 
>lets develop that architecture, and than we can decide what goes into it.

No, but we do have a well-established and longstanding convention that plain 
ASCII text is the _most_ universal form of E-mail that EVERYBODY can read on 
virtually ANY kind of device.  It makes sense, until a sender knows that other 
types are also acceptable, to send in most widely readable and acceptable 
format.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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To: gep2@terabites.com, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Grouped reply on permissions lists
Cc: wishlist@microsoft.com
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 16:08:57 -0400

At 03:00 PM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> >> However, you would cut down you spam load significantly if you rejected
> > all mail with "Content-type: text/html" SMTP or MIME entity headers
> > from strangers.
>
> > How can you have it both ways? You either receive email from strangers
>or you don't.
>
>The point is BY DEFAULT to reject unsolicited HTML-burdened E-mail, or 
>mail from untrusted/unknown senders that contains attachments.  By so 
>doing, you will shrink spam byte volume by probably 90% or more.  You'll 
>also eliminate in one fell swoop the GREAT majority of viruses, worms, and 
>trojans.
>
>Plain ASCII text will continue to be delivered as before.
>[..]

My main problem with this and similar proposals is that they assume that a 
consent system is in place that lets users authorize certain people to send 
them email. The problem is that no such system exists and the goal of this 
group is to make such system (see charter). Instead of bickering over a 
specific filtering case, perhaps we should consider the larger question of 
consent systems and how users can express such consent.

The CRI protocol is an example of such consent system where a 
standards-based system is proposed to allows users and receivers verify 
each other's identify. Another example is this mailing list - you must be 
subsribed to the list in order to post - meaning that consent of the list 
administrator is required. More examples and an overall system is needed 
for consent-based communications.

There is also a need to coordinate various spam approaches. For example 
filtering HTML burdened email when combined with C/R or trusted sender 
(e.g. Habeas), needs to behave differently than plain HTML filtering.

The last point is that HTML filtering is not a "silver bullet", it is 
merely a filtering technique. Someone on the list should be gathering these 
techniques together into one document.

Yakov  


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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 14:14:53 -0600 (MDT)

> From: gep2@terabites.com

> ... 
> > (Could you adjust your line length to less than 78?  My ancient MUA
> doesn't rewrap lines, and I think it shouldn't.  I control my own line 
> lengths by piping paragraphs through `fmt` as I edit them with `vi`.)
>
> Could, but in my experience the artifacts of doing that tends to
> be worse rather than better, since one ends up with chewed-up
> interlaced paragraphs that are even more frustrating.  Sorry.

What's that about interlaced paragraphs on text with proper lengths?
Typing like an old fashioned typiest and hitting "Return" before the
right margin yields text that is far more intelligible.  It seems
you've switched to no hard line breaks except at the ends of paragraphs.
That's better, or less bad, than your previous 79-83 character lines.
I can send a 300 character paragraph through `fmt`, quickly add '> '
to the beginnings, and produce something that's legible in the archives.
79-83 character lines are a royal pain to quote.


> ...
> > Yes, but until ISPs can tell users who complain "run the Netscape or
> Microsoft auto-update mechanism", they will not and cannot do such
> filtering by default.
>
> I'm not sure I understand your comment.  The reason they would
> want to change THEIR mail software would be so it would NOT generate
> HTML-burdened E-mail by default.  To truncate the undesirable/untrusted
> stuff earlier on the transmission/delivery path (BEFORE wasting as
> ...

Fine, but no non-trivial ISP that wants to keep its users, and for that
matter, no "IT" department that wants to keep its empire could start
filtering incoming HTML mail by default this month or even this year.
Local users would revolt because a large fraction of their incoming mail
would be bouncing.  Until mail that is legitimate except for gratuitous
HTML encryption is largely gone, no large outfit can filter HTML by default.

The most that any large outfit can offer is to filter HTML mail for
users who ask for such filtering.  There are many ways to do that
today.  I think one is to use a Milter version of SpamAssassin, although
I'm not sure if all of those support per-user control files.  It's
certainly easy to do during delivery with SpamAssassin, Procmail, and
many other mechanisms.


> ...
> > So turn off HTML until the the user makes some text bold or purple,
> and then silently and automatically switch to HTML.
>
> [Or, pop up one of those dialog boxes alerting them that
> HTML-burdened mail adds 3-5x to mail bulk and isn't welcomed by
> all recipients, and allowing them the option of proceeding or going
> back to plain ASCII text... with maybe an option box they can check
> which says "don't warn me about this in the future."]

Fine.


> ...
> > IMHO, blocking an email message because it's base64 encoded is 
> misguided. Here's a case in point: There are gateways out there that 
> will switch encodings on messages.  ...

> While I understand your point, I think I have seen EXACTLY ONE
> such message that I can recall (and THAT one was spam, where the
> encoding was used just to obfuscate the mail content), and I suspect
> that the number of remaining 7-bit-only MTAs is exceedingly small.

I've seen plenty of headers on mail saying that base64 encoding has
beem removed.  I've also seen plenty of spews with some samples
encoded and some not.

But regardless, what's your point about Base64?  It does nothing to
help spammers or hurt filters.  The first is why relatively little
spam is current base64 encoded.  Base64 encoding wastes 30% of bandwidth
and disk space, but that's not a reasonable concern given the small
fraction of total traffic that is all email.  HTML as it is commonly
processed by receiving MUAs has many evils, but base64 is merely a
trivial waste of bandwidth.


> ...
> > Or were you instead proposing that everyone in the world upgrade
> their email client to something that uses "pull" instead of "push"?
> Please can we be serious?
>
> I'm being PLENTY serious... you are the one talking about silly stuff.

As far as I've understood them, some contributors to this mailing list
have seriously proposed replacing all SMTP with a pull protocol.
In limited situations, such as newsletters and some (but not all)
equivalents to netnews, that position makes sense.  Otherwise, not.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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To: gep2@terabites.com, asrg@ietf.org, "Eric D. Williams" <eric@infobro.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] "Useful features"
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 16:20:18 -0400

At 03:32 PM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> >We have no architecture in place for consent-based communications. First
> >lets develop that architecture, and than we can decide what goes into it.
>
>No, but we do have a well-established and longstanding convention that plain
>ASCII text is the _most_ universal form of E-mail that EVERYBODY can read on
>virtually ANY kind of device.  It makes sense, until a sender knows that 
>other
>types are also acceptable, to send in most widely readable and acceptable
>format.

A while ago (June 3rd) Eric Williams published a draft list of requirements 
for anti-spam solutions, below are some of those requirements. This 
proposal does not fit under "2.3. Ease of Use", "2.7 Persistently 
Effective", and "2.8  Doesn't Interfere With The Delivery Of Legitimate 
Mail". These are the issues that I would like to see addressed. As for a 
"longstanding convention", due to the many MUAs sending HTML email, that 
convention has been changed and now HTML email is acceptable.

---snip---
2.3  Ease of Use

  The approach SHALL consider the ease of use for message system
  managers, senders and recipients in all messaging situations.

2.3.1     Rationale:

  For successful adoption by the user community proposals must
  provide support for typical and atypical messaging situations
  involving two or more parties.  Many different correspondent
  scenarios exist in the MTS a proposal which limits the ease of
  messaging in existing scenarios will limit adoption.

2.7  Persistently Effective

  The proposal SHOULD provide more than a step in an environment
  of escalating countermeasures.

2.7.1     Rational:

  Authors should consider the status quo concerning the
  development and deployment of stop-gap measures a failure.
  Solutions or research into the problem should present a
  threat analysis with the threat(s) being addressed, protection
  goals, possible countermeasures and defenses against those
  countermeasures over the longest period possible or that
  provably work forever.

2.8  Doesn't Interfere With The Delivery Of Legitimate Mail

  The proposal MUST consider, address and keep at a minimum
  impacts on [legitimate] messaging traffic within the MTS.

2.8.1     Rationale:

  Proposals must consider the reasons for successful widespread
  deployment of the current MTS: low latency, high
  deliverability, scalability, functionality for multiple content
  types, etc.  Authors should develop proposals that minimize
  impact in these critical areas for [legitimate] MTS uses.  Thus
  an optimal proposal will impact only [spam] and not
  [legitimate] messaging traffic.
---snip--- 


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From: WSpringfield <wspringfield1306@yahoo.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 13:25:07 -0700 (PDT)

Mr Paul Judge,

Thank you for including me in your group.  I found you
from an article on Greylisting by Evan Harris and
wanted to invite participants in your group to make
contributions to a new anti-spam message board which
can be found at;

http://b5.boards2go.com/boards/board.cgi?&user=spamfree

The board is brand new and aimed at those without the
technical knowledge exhibited by your participants but
equally interested in solutions for the problem of
spam.  I apologize for the banners and the occasional
pop up but this is a non profit endeavor and seems to
be reasonable as to its impact on the utility of the
site for those who visit and use it.  We will try to
maintain decorum but make no guarantees that a raucous
message will slip through from time to time.

Contributions made by your participants on this site
would be helpful to many who have a sincere interest
in the subject of span, and I urge you to 'put in your
two cents worth' anytime.  There is no sign in and
email addresses are not required.  The board may be
used to sound off or to make serious dialog with
others on this subject.  Thanks again.

WSpringfield

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
SBC Yahoo! DSL - Now only $29.95 per month!
http://sbc.yahoo.com

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Grouped reply on permissions lists
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 16:47:30 -0400

Could we please cancel this thread (and not cc it to wishlist@microsoft.com).

People use formatted email.  Whether they need, or want to is besides 
the point.  They do.  No amount of talking is going to set back the 
clock to the days of the ascii internet.  Let's talk about things 
that can actually be changed, not fantasies where clueless "lusers" 
don't understand the damage they are doing by sending graphical 
smiley faces to their Aunt Lucy, but would happily change their 
behavior and start typing in compressed hacker speak if it were just 
nicely explained to them.  While we're at it--let's explain to them 
why they shouldn't litter either--that should be even easier.

And seriously.  Even if you believe that blocking HTML is feasible. 
It isn't going to make the slightest bit of difference in the amount 
of spam that gets sent.  Spammers do their best to make their email 
look like real email to the end user.  If the end user gets email as 
plain text, then spammers will send plain text.  This isn't rocket 
science--it's basic economics.

At that point, Gordon falls back on the argument that at least we 
will have saved in the number of *bytes* sent.  Which is true.  But 
saving bytes is not the charter of this group.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 16:52:04 -0400

At 04:47 PM 6/20/2003 -0400, Kee Hinckley wrote:

>Could we please cancel this thread (and not cc it to wishlist@microsoft.com).
>
>People use formatted email.  Whether they need, or want to is besides the 
>point.  They do.  No amount of talking is going to set back the clock to 
>the days of the ascii internet.  Let's talk about things that can actually 
>be changed, not fantasies where clueless "lusers" don't understand the 
>damage they are doing by sending graphical smiley faces to their Aunt 
>Lucy, but would happily change their behavior and start typing in 
>compressed hacker speak if it were just nicely explained to them.  While 
>we're at it--let's explain to them why they shouldn't litter either--that 
>should be even easier.
>
>And seriously.  Even if you believe that blocking HTML is feasible. It 
>isn't going to make the slightest bit of difference in the amount of spam 
>that gets sent.  Spammers do their best to make their email look like real 
>email to the end user.  If the end user gets email as plain text, then 
>spammers will send plain text.  This isn't rocket science--it's basic 
>economics.
>
>At that point, Gordon falls back on the argument that at least we will 
>have saved in the number of *bytes* sent.  Which is true.  But saving 
>bytes is not the charter of this group.
>--

Thank you Kee, I second that thought. Can we move on to bigger and better 
things? 


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>>AND, don't forget, another big benefit is blocking NOT ONLY JUST spam, but 
>>also
>>viruses/worms/trojans.  In many cases, those are sent from 'legitimate' 
>>senders
>>and without hijacking open relays... so things like spf wouldn't help 
>>(even IF
>>you could realistically speaking block 'non-verifiable' senders, which is way
>>less than clear) but my permissions-list approach would block probably 
>>80-90% or
>>more of such malicious stuff, too.  By blocking (by default) ALL attachments
>>coming from people you don't normally expect to get attachments from, you're
>>blocking malicious code, too.  Sure, you'll open up the "attachments allowed"
>>window for people you trust and authorize to send those, but that's going to
>>typically be a small percentage of the people you'd normally maybe receive
>>(ordinary) E-mails from.

>We do research into fighting spam, not viruses and worms. How does blocking 
>attachements going to stop spammers? 

Although

  1)  some spammers have been known to install spambots and zombies in unwitting 
users' systems, and those are installed via attachments;

and

  2)  text-as-image attachments are occasionally used by spammers to circumvent 
content/keyword scanners,

the real point is that by this one permission-based whitelist approach, we can 
use one, cohesive, straightforward, and incrementally deployable approach to 
take a big bite out of BOTH spam AND viruses/trojans... arguably the two biggest 
and most pressing problems we have on the Internet today.

Meanwhile, in so doing, we'll also help prevent the irresponsible and wasteful 
growth of (unnecessary) HTML-burdened E-mail, which all by itself could be 
expected to perhaps make as much as a 30-50% or more reduction in the total 
E-mail load, net-wide.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 16:55:27 -0400

The posting speed on the list has remarkably improved to minutes instead of 
hours. Thank you for fixing the problem.


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Cutting down spam load
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 16:59:19 -0400

At 04:19 PM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> >>AND, don't forget, another big benefit is blocking NOT ONLY JUST spam, but
> >>also
> >>viruses/worms/trojans.  In many cases, those are sent from 'legitimate'
> >>senders
> >>and without hijacking open relays... so things like spf wouldn't help
> >>(even IF
> >>you could realistically speaking block 'non-verifiable' senders, which 
> is way
> >>less than clear) but my permissions-list approach would block probably
> >>80-90% or
> >>more of such malicious stuff, too.  By blocking (by default) ALL 
> attachments
> >>coming from people you don't normally expect to get attachments from, 
> you're
> >>blocking malicious code, too.  Sure, you'll open up the "attachments 
> allowed"
> >>window for people you trust and authorize to send those, but that's 
> going to
> >>typically be a small percentage of the people you'd normally maybe receive
> >>(ordinary) E-mails from.
>
> >We do research into fighting spam, not viruses and worms. How does blocking
> >attachements going to stop spammers?
>
>Although
>
>   1)  some spammers have been known to install spambots and zombies in 
> unwitting
>users' systems, and those are installed via attachments;

That is true and Barry Shein has pointed this out before. However, your 
approach still does not solve the issue of dealing with ASCII spam.

>and
>
>   2)  text-as-image attachments are occasionally used by spammers to 
> circumvent
>content/keyword scanners,
>
>the real point is that by this one permission-based whitelist approach, we 
>can
>use one, cohesive, straightforward, and incrementally deployable approach to
>take a big bite out of BOTH spam AND viruses/trojans... arguably the two 
>biggest
>and most pressing problems we have on the Internet today.

TODAY, what about tomorow? How long will it take spammers to adapt? Mere days.

>Meanwhile, in so doing, we'll also help prevent the irresponsible and 
>wasteful
>growth of (unnecessary) HTML-burdened E-mail, which all by itself could be
>expected to perhaps make as much as a 30-50% or more reduction in the total
>E-mail load, net-wide.

We are not in the traffic reducing business. If we would be why not 
advocate the use of gzip compression on all HTTP transactions? That would 
save tremendous amount of time as well?

Yakov 


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>>No.  I think that INITIALLY, spam is going to stay HTML-burdened (and a 
>result,
>nearly all of it would be trashed if sent to permission-list-protected
>recipients).  After some time, spammers will realize that HTML-burdening 
>their
>spam is the 'kiss of death' and they'll stop doing that.

>>> I do not believe that it will take spammers too long to switch to plain 
> ASCII.

>>Agreed.  And once they do that:

> I believe someone on the list has stated that spammers are monitoring the 
working group and in the last 60 days there have been significant changes 
in spam based on our discussions here. When I mean that they will switch to 
plain ASCII, I was not talking about on the order of years, rather DAYS or 
WEEKS. By the time you can implement base64 blocking, spammers will already 
be using plain ASCII. All you will do is irritate lots of users.

If spam actually represents (as some ISPs have claimed) as much as 80% of their 
incoming E-mail, and if by switching to plain ASCII text you cut that volume by 
something like 70%, then you've cut the ISPs' E-mail bandwidth and storage costs 
by a HUGE amunt.  

I think you'll also HUGELY reduce the opportunity for spammer misrepresentation 
and abuse, thus dissuading at least some spammers.  

All in all, I think that the resulting decrease in spamming will be HANDSOME 
payback for the [very!!!] minor adjustments it might require in user habits.

>>    1)  Their spam will be less effective;

> How?

They won't be able to make use of links which purport to point somewhere and 
actually point somewhere else;

They won't be able to preclude content keyword filters by sending text as GIF or 
JPG images;

They won't be able to use scripting, ActiveX, web services or other malicious 
coding in their spams;

They won't be able to use many of the other "hiding/obfuscation" tricks (nearly 
all of them HTML-based) that spams so commonly today employ.

And that's just a few... but I've already discussed this stuff here before, I 
shouldn't have to go over it time and time again.

>>    2)  their spam will be more easily dealt with by content filters;

> How? Spammers send HTML encoded mail on the assumption that the MUAs are 
able to parse it. What is easier to do: make content filters be able to 
parse everything MUAs can, or block HTML encoded mail over the Internet 
completely. 

I'm not proposing that HTML-burdened E-mail be blocked "completely".  I'm 
suggesting that it should BY DEFAULT be blocked from UNAPPROVED/UNTRUSTED 
senders, on a recipient-by-recipient basis.  Recipients could enable either/or 
HTML, and/or attachments, and/or encoded text on a sender-by-sender basis.  This 
returns control to the receiving user (where it belongs!) and ends up taking the 
great majority of most unwanted spam and routing it either back to the sender 
(bounceback) or straight into the bit bucket.

> I believe the first one is easier since there are few companies 
that make filters many of which already able to parse and process base64, 
HTML, etc.

It's not all that difficult to handle HTML, but in the end analysis it's not as 
if you NEED to do that.  Most all E-mail that arrives UNEXPECTEDLY from 
UNKNOWN/UNTRUSTED senders (AND that is spam!) is HTML-burdened.  There is little 
or no need to send INITIAL CONTACT messages in less-universal HTML-burdened 
mode.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 22:16:51 +0100

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 01:46:07PM -0500, Evan Harris wrote:
> How often do you get mail
> from someone you've never had contact with versus how much mail do you get
> from established relationships?
> 
> Speaking for myself and the users on the test systems, that ratio is pretty
> small.

It would be worth testing this assumption in a variety of large and small
corporate environments, rather than relying on your own experience and that
of people you know.

Ben

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>, gep2@terabites.com,
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	<asrg@ietf.org>
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>>The main reason so many users end up sending HTML-burdened E-mail is because
>>they don't know any better, and because it is the default.

>>Most HTML-burdened E-mail generated by the VAST majority of users never 
>>use any
>>of the formatting (or other such) features at all.  For all of those 
>>messages,
>>the HTML-burdening only just makes the messages bigger without conveoying ANY
>>more information.

>#1: Majority of users and MUAs send HTML email by default

That's what I just said.

>#2: Changing those settings can take months and years

It will take less if they're motivated to change the settings.  Actually 
changing settings in outlook (for example) takes less than a minute and only 
need be done once.

>#3: Spammers switching to plain ASCII will take days.

Would be nice.... would result in a HUGE reduction in spam volume and cost, in 
just DAYS (your claim!).  I don't see that as a negative.  :-)

>#4: It is easier and faster to have content filters do everything that MUAs 
>can, than forcing users to stop using HTML email. 

They don't have to stop using it, if they're communicating with people they have 
a current agreement with.  They could be 'grandfathered', perhaps.  That's a 
decision up to whoever implements the specific filter employed by a given ISP.

>Base64 encoding, HTML 
>encoding, url encoded URLS, etc. can all be put into content filters.

Of course they can.  The important thing is to decide how those are to be 
weighted, who gets around the restrictions, and how early in the E-mail 
distribution process the reduction in volume (and cost) takes place.

>#5: There is no consent architecture in place for users to make such choices.

Nor does there NEED to be, on any global basis.  Any ISP can choose to implement 
that any way they wish (and in fact, that's a PLUS, since the lack of a single 
approach to that problem makes it harder for abusers to find a loophole globally 
and take advantage of that).  It gives ISPs (otherwise mostly interchangeable) 
the opportunity to differentiate at a very low cost their product/service 
offerings from rivals in a meaningful way, and which will make a big difference 
to their customers (current, and potential).

>#6: We are ignoring the problem. Blocking HTML,base64,attachements, etc. 
>still does not fix the fundamental problem of SMTP able to accept email 
>from forged senders.

Most of that problem is greatly reduced if the spammer can't guess WHICH sender 
they need to forge in order to get their spam delivered to a given destination.

>Another example would be challenge response for spam blocking. One of the 
>problem with challenge/response is the burden is puts on the sender to have 
>to reply to every email. That's why Eric Dean is working on a CRI protocol 
>that can do the verification automatically. 

Many publishers of free newsletters and mailing lists have made it ABUNDANTLY 
clear that they're not willing to answer all those "challenge/response" E-mails. 
That idea, I think, is totally DOA.

Again, I think that a recipients resources... their (maybe dialup!) bandwidth, 
their limited-size Inbox, etc etc... ought to be under THEIR control.  They 
ought to be able to choose who they allow to use it, or to stuff what into it.

And ideally, to cut the cost that the RECIPIENT must bear as much as possible, 
the filtering ought to be done as soon as possible after the spam or other 
undesired content reaches the destination domain.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
To: <bob@wyman.us>, <gep2@terabites.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>,
        <research@solidmatrix.com>
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>	It should be noted that if you attach a digital signature to a
>mail message then it will often appear as an attachment... Some
>"attachments" aren't bad.

Of course, and many people have people they regularly receive attachments from. 
 That's why they should absolutely be able to allow receipt of attachments from 
those (and only those) approved/trusted senders to which they wish to give that 
right.

But there is NO point in someone sending unannounced attachments to someone who 
may not be prepared to deal with them, or who doesn't want to receive them, or 
who even just doesn't want them chewing up space in their Inbox.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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On June 19, 2003 at 22:14 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > The legal aspect is not within the scope of our group and even if it was, 
 > there isn't much we can do anyway. So what technical solutions in this area 
 > are possible?
 > 
 > Yakov 

Virtually all proposals here imply a legal aspect. For example, RMX
implies prevention of identity fraud, a crime. RMX (and related) is
always proposed as a way to thwart those who are trying to
fraudulently identify themselves as having some affiliation with
another, usually readily recognizable, institution. That's illegal, so
your comments would apply to their problem definition.

What we haven't seemed to converge on is what is the root of the
problem, where are efforts best expended, etc. Even if some are
anxious to just get on with proposed solutions lacking any foundation
in reality.

I am asserting that the source of the actual problem with spam is the
amplification of the distribution channel through illegal exploitation
of others' resources (computation and bandwidth, via viruses.)

If that's the case and I'm correct then expending effort on (e.g.)
weak authentication schemes such as RMX is mostly a waste of time IN
THIS SPHERE (it might still be useful for other problems, in fact I
think it is.)

There's a lot more to spam than knowing you don't want another penis
enlargement message in your mailbox or that some of the header might
be unreliable or the body trickily encoded with base64,
quoted-printable and/or images.

Yet those aspects get virtually all the attention here, primarily
because they're easily understood by dabblers who haven't really come
to understand the problem and believe they can work entirely from two
pieces of information: what spam messages usually look like, and some
mental model of how SMTP works.

I am asserting that this is fool's gold and of little or no value to
the perceived purpose of this group.

The problem is how spammers amplify their distribution channels while
keeping costs nearly at zero. Without this, they would virtually cease
to exist.

Given some agreement and more importantly realization that this is
indeed the problem then we can proceed to have a meaningful dialogue
on what possible counter-measures exist.

But don't be so impatient demanding both a problem description and
solution in one bite. You had trouble even digesting just the problem
description alone.


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
To: Benjamin Geer <ben@socialtools.net>
cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 16:38:36 -0500 (CDT)


On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, Benjamin Geer wrote:

> On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 01:46:07PM -0500, Evan Harris wrote:
> > How often do you get mail
> > from someone you've never had contact with versus how much mail do you get
> > from established relationships?
> >
> > Speaking for myself and the users on the test systems, that ratio is pretty
> > small.
>
> It would be worth testing this assumption in a variety of large and small
> corporate environments, rather than relying on your own experience and that
> of people you know.

Absolutely, please do!  I'm very interested in hearing about your results.

Evan


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 17:41:06 -0400

At 9:09 AM -0600 6/20/03, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>As far as I can tell, all of the HTML formatting in your message
>was gratuitious and not manually selected.

In which case you would be wrong.  It was triggered by my making one 
single word bold.

>
>Note that a lot of it was incredibly bad but typical machine-generated
>HTML.  For example many of the non-breaking spaces are obnoxious (but
>hidden) noise HTML.  Or notice that <span></span> pair above.
>But as far as I can tell, the fact that MUAs generate incredibly
>bad HTML is irrelevant.

It certainly could have done a better job, but since it was Eudora, 
and the the Eudora developers pretty much despise HTML email, I 
suspect they didn't spend a lot of time trying to make it efficient. 
After all, even with all that mess--it's still better than what 
Outlook generates.

However.  The real point of my response.

You asked why, if HTML was so common, we didn't see more of it on 
this list.  My posting (as I hoped) quickly generated a perfect 
example of why technical mailing lists don't have a lot of HTML email.

At 2:36 PM -0600 6/20/03, xxx wrote:
>If whatever you said is important, I'm sure you'll send it again without
>the extraneous unreadble code.  ;-)
>
>Please don't send HTML to mailing lists.  Like any MIME attachment, HTML
>should be sent only when you know the recipients can (and will) decode it
>and make user of it.  Chances are you don't know all the recipients of a
>mailing list will be able to handle it.

Thank you to the person (who shall remain anonymous) who sent me that 
off list.  You couldn't have said it better if I'd planted you there 
:-).

-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <gep2@terabites.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>, <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Gordon Peterson wrote:
> But there is NO point in someone sending unannounced 
> attachments to someone who may not be prepared to 
> deal with them
	Given that a signature is an attachment, are you suggesting that
I shouldn't be able to sign outgoing mail unless I have made previous
arrangments with all recipients who might receive such signed messages?
If such a rule were widely held, then the otherwise useful practice of
signing mail messages is likely to never be accepted!

		bob wyman


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On June 20, 2003 at 11:20 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > >Now that viruses have emerged (Jeem, Proxy-Guzu, sobig.a) which can
 > >make a computer (or, more to the point, millions of computers) an
 > >unwitting weapon against the entire net this problem has to be taken
 > >more seriously by Microsoft.
 > 
 > Are any of these problems solvable by technical means? Going over and over 
 > the illegality of spam does not help things, our group cannot make any 
 > legal impact anyway - we are working on technical solutions. 

Yes, replacing all MS windows operating systems on all computers
attached to the net with either Unix or a modern unix-like operating
system (Linux, Mac OSX) would eliminate about 99% of the spam and put
virtually all spammers out of business instantly.

That's not entirely practical, but it is technical and it would
address the problem I am describing and responds to your
concerns. Other technical approaches are possible. No, we're not
finished, sorry...maybe Ritalin would help you.

After nearly ten years of grappling with this for you to demand an
instant problem definition and solution (or cease discussion) in one
fell swoop seems almost willfully obstructionist.


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us> wrote:
>Gordon Peterson wrote:
>> But there is NO point in someone sending unannounced 
>> attachments to someone who may not be prepared to 
>> deal with them

>	Given that a signature is an attachment, are you suggesting that
>I shouldn't be able to sign outgoing mail unless I have made previous
>arrangments with all recipients who might receive such signed messages?

Yes, I think that there is NO point in sending "attachment signatures" 
unsolicited, to people who maybe don't have software capable of dealing with 
those attachments and authenticating them.  

>If such a rule were widely held, then the otherwise useful practice of
>signing mail messages is likely to never be accepted!

It's not "useful" to recipients who have no way of dealing with those 
attachments.   And those are the folks who you're saying should find them, 
unwanted, in their E-mail inboxes just because the sender has this geeky feeling 
that they're somehow "cool".

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com> wrote:
>Could we please cancel this thread (and not cc it to wishlist@microsoft.com).

Actually, I think that they are certainly a party with an interest in this 
discussion, especially when talk turns to the possibility of a lawsuit due to 
their defaulting to send HTML-burdened E-mail... I think that's very timely 
given their lawsuits filed earlier this week against numerous spammers, on the 
basis of wasted, unwanted mail volume.

>People use formatted email.  Whether they need, or want to is besides 
>the point.  They do.  

Actually, if they are sending it that way WITHOUT NEEDING OR WANTING TO, and if 
the result is a 3-5x increase in the byte volume of their E-mails, then it VERY 
MUCH is within 'the point'.  It is as much an ISP cost issue (maybe even more of 
a cost issue) than the spam issue is.

>No amount of talking is going to set back the 
>clock to the days of the ascii internet.  

I'm not proposing that.  I'm just offering a modest proposal... that 
unsolicited, first-contact E-mail be restricted BY DEFAULT from containing HTML, 
attachments, and encoding... and that those restrictions can be subsequently 
lifted by the recipients for senders of their choice.  Control, cost 
containment, choice, and responsibility.

Few other proposals I've seen discussed would yield such a quick payback for 
such an easy, compatible, incrementally viable implementation.

>Let's talk about things that can actually be changed, 

Oh, this DEFINITELY falls into that category!!

>And seriously.  Even if you believe that blocking HTML is feasible. 

It is VERY, VERY feasible.  In fact, it's probably the EASIEST idea to implement 
(and the easiest for a SINGLE, ENLIGHTENED ISP to implement all by themselves if 
necessary) of anything we've discussed here.  (And it's not "blocking", it's 
merely SELECTIVE PERMITTING, based on the recipient/sender address pair).

>It isn't going to make the slightest bit of difference in the amount 
>of spam that gets sent.  Spammers do their best to make their email 
>look like real email to the end user.  

The spam I get here uses ALL MANNER OF TRICKS that legitimate E-mail does not 
use.  While it IS true that they HOPE that the end users won't notice the 
sleight of hand, anything we can do to put a spotlight on the ruse is probably a 
good move.

>If the end user gets email as plain text, then spammers will send plain text.  
This isn't rocket science--it's basic economics.

Spam in plain text will deny spammers many of their most cherished tricks.  It 
makes it harder to make a living as a spammer.  That also (basic economics!) 
ought to reduce spam volume.

>At that point, Gordon falls back on the argument that at least we 
>will have saved in the number of *bytes* sent.  Which is true.  But 
>saving bytes is not the charter of this group.

The main motivation on the part of ISPs in controlling spam is to save bytes.  
So I think their interest in the area is a lot more than you'd suggest.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 18:04:35 -0400

At 05:51 PM 6/20/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 20, 2003 at 11:20 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
>  > >Now that viruses have emerged (Jeem, Proxy-Guzu, sobig.a) which can
>  > >make a computer (or, more to the point, millions of computers) an
>  > >unwitting weapon against the entire net this problem has to be taken
>  > >more seriously by Microsoft.
>  >
>  > Are any of these problems solvable by technical means? Going over and 
> over
>  > the illegality of spam does not help things, our group cannot make any
>  > legal impact anyway - we are working on technical solutions.
>
>Yes, replacing all MS windows operating systems on all computers
>attached to the net with either Unix or a modern unix-like operating
>system (Linux, Mac OSX) would eliminate about 99% of the spam and put
>virtually all spammers out of business instantly.
>
>That's not entirely practical, but it is technical and it would
>address the problem I am describing and responds to your
>concerns. Other technical approaches are possible. No, we're not
>finished, sorry...maybe Ritalin would help you.
>
>After nearly ten years of grappling with this for you to demand an
>instant problem definition and solution (or cease discussion) in one
>fell swoop seems almost willfully obstructionist.

Barry,

I am not demanding a definition or a solution. I would like to help to 
solve the problem just like everyone else. I do not think that anyone in 
here means bad, everyone means well. What I would like to see is more 
discussion of this topic from everyone including urself. Simply stating the 
facts and demanding a legal solutions does not help. I would like to see a 
technical discussion surrounding this approach and possible solutions.

Yakov  


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 18:07:33 -0400

At 1:24 PM -0500 6/20/03, Evan Harris wrote:
>  > > I would agree that users should be made aware of any possible 
>privacy risks,
>>  > but most users are already aware that mailer level statistics 
>>are kept, and
>>  > this is just the same thing, just a different format.
>>
>>  That mailer logs are also quite sensitive does not make your records
>>  less sensitive.
>
>The only issue I had with the original statement was the claim that this
>method should cause greater concern for privacy.  While there are privacy
>concerns with any statistics, I wouldn't consider this method any more of a
>danger than normal server logs, since nothing is kept that couldn't be found
>there.
>
>Evan

FWIW, my original point was that the grey list approach is a greater 
cause for concern than a simple white list approach (which can reveal 
a user's correspondents but not the date and time of the first and 
last e-mail and the number of successful e-mails).

I agree that the grey  list approach is not radically more 
problematic than mail server logs.  But even on that point, having 
two places where private info aggregates is worse than having one.

Moreover, the greylist might in some cases be easier to locate or 
access -- in some situations, for example a civil litigant might have 
fairly direct access to his or her grey list (and thus be easily 
required to produce it), but the related mail server logs might be 
held by a third party ISP not under the litigant's control.  And, 
once produced, the greylist can serve as an incomplete but still 
useful index into the mail server logs.

By pressing these points, I am not intending to be negative toward 
the proposal -- it certainly looks to be worth exploring further. 
But, when stacking this up against some of the other ideas and 
proposals, I think it is unavoidable that this has greater privacy 
implications than some other approaches.  Now if it is also 
significantly more effective, then greylists may well be worth the 
greater privacy risk (and there may be techniques that can reduce the 
privacy risks, such as the use of one way hashes of the triplets).

John

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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 18:10:14 -0400

At 05:35 PM 6/20/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 19, 2003 at 22:14 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
>  > The legal aspect is not within the scope of our group and even if it was,
>  > there isn't much we can do anyway. So what technical solutions in this 
> area
>  > are possible?
>  >
>  > Yakov
>
>Virtually all proposals here imply a legal aspect. For example, RMX
>implies prevention of identity fraud, a crime. RMX (and related) is
>always proposed as a way to thwart those who are trying to
>fraudulently identify themselves as having some affiliation with
>another, usually readily recognizable, institution. That's illegal, so
>your comments would apply to their problem definition.
>
>What we haven't seemed to converge on is what is the root of the
>problem, where are efforts best expended, etc. Even if some are
>anxious to just get on with proposed solutions lacking any foundation
>in reality.
>
>I am asserting that the source of the actual problem with spam is the
>amplification of the distribution channel through illegal exploitation
>of others' resources (computation and bandwidth, via viruses.)
>
>If that's the case and I'm correct then expending effort on (e.g.)
>weak authentication schemes such as RMX is mostly a waste of time IN
>THIS SPHERE (it might still be useful for other problems, in fact I
>think it is.)
>
>There's a lot more to spam than knowing you don't want another penis
>enlargement message in your mailbox or that some of the header might
>be unreliable or the body trickily encoded with base64,
>quoted-printable and/or images.
>
>Yet those aspects get virtually all the attention here, primarily
>because they're easily understood by dabblers who haven't really come
>to understand the problem and believe they can work entirely from two
>pieces of information: what spam messages usually look like, and some
>mental model of how SMTP works.
>
>I am asserting that this is fool's gold and of little or no value to
>the perceived purpose of this group.
>
>The problem is how spammers amplify their distribution channels while
>keeping costs nearly at zero. Without this, they would virtually cease
>to exist.
>
>Given some agreement and more importantly realization that this is
>indeed the problem then we can proceed to have a meaningful dialogue
>on what possible counter-measures exist.
>
>But don't be so impatient demanding both a problem description and
>solution in one bite. You had trouble even digesting just the problem
>description alone.

So your bottom line is that the spam problem is based on "how spammers 
amplify their distribution channels while keeping costs nearly at zero." 
Legally pursuing spammers is not something we can affect or do in this 
group. But what we CAN do, is look at these aspects closer and see if any 
technical solutions are possible.

There are several approaches that have been mentioned that might have 
relevance to this. First of all, making sure email is not untraceble allows 
for LEA to catch the spammers. This would involve either changing SMTP, 
implementing C/R, or some other system that would allow for traceability. 
Domain names being owned by spammers is a problem too. Solutions must be 
made to deal with that as well. Foreign ISPs, allowing for spam are also a 
problem. And as you have mentioned many times before computers infected 
with viruses and other similar junk are a problem as well, although I do 
not see any possible solutions for that as well, not even any avenues of 
research.

Yakov





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>> Authentication tokens typically require special software
> provisions on the part of both the sender and the recipient.

> You're new to the list and thus have probably missed some of the
earlier discussion. 

Indeed, and thanks for understanding that.  :-)

> While authentication tokens *typically* require
software support at both sender and receiver, there is a class of them
that only requires software support on the receiver side. These are the
"single user" addresses. I might, for instance, create an address that
authorized you to send me mail. Such an address would look something
like: "bob+1092837@example.com". The "token" part of this address would
be a hash of your "From:" address. With such an address, you don't need
any software on your side to pass the token.

The first problem I see with that is that you basically cannot give your E-mail 
address to anybody without 

 a) knowing EXACTLY what E-mail address they'll be replying from, and

 b) being able to compute on-the-spot the hashcode they'll need to write you.

Besides the issue of TWO users in such situation trying to decide what E-mail 
address to give the other (where EACH's E-mail address will depend on the 
other's address... and neither can give their E-mail address first!) there's 
also (for instance) the case of a mailing list like this one... where each 
person's E-mail address they use for subscribing to the list will appear in the 
messages posted to the list, but nobody other than the listbot can possibly 
reply to them using that address.

While an interesting curiosity, I think that has a lot more problems than my 
permissions-based approach.

Now, one POSSIBLE hybrid that COULD be interesting maybe is to say that E-mail 
arriving without the code token in the E-mail address would be handled 
differently somehow with regard to the permissions list... although at first 
blush, I don't see that it buys you a whole lot that you don't already get from 
just using the sender/recipient address pair to begin with.

>> The whitelist I propose NEVER needs to be sent to anybody,
> ... only just the point where the filtering is done.

>	Even if never sent to anyone, there is still a privacy concern
with whitelists since if they are explicit lists, they provide a single
list of all of your correspondents. 

Actually, they ONLY provide a list of those to whom you have assigned "special" 
rights.  

ISP's e-mail logs ALREADY give those ISPs a list of everyone you've ever 
received mail from, or sent mail to, so I think your argument doesn't really 
impress me very much.

> In many cases, people will feel that
compiling such a list is a risk to their privacy since such a list would
be open to inspection by government agencies under some circumstances
and to employees of an ISP if the list is maintained remotely. 

Again, a red herring... those logs (lists) already exist.

> Even if only maintained on your personal machine, it could be embarrassing if
people with physical access to your machine could discover the full
universe of your correspondents.

They could do the same thing (with access to your machine) by investigating your 
E-mail archives and address book.  Far (far!!) more revealing than ANY mere list 
of trusted senders and the permissions assigned to each.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>  And using HTML rather than ASCII can be a service to the readers of your 
mail.

CAN be, but it's sure NOT a service for those people whose preferred E-mail 
clients don't do much good with it.

Again, I think it should be a CHOICE for the RECIPIENT to decide.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>>  'Unnecessary' HTML (just P and DIV tags): 23

> This is not necessarily a valid measure of utility. It is often
the case that HTML is displayed using fonts which are different from
those used to display "ASCII" messages. Given that those fonts are often
variable pitch and given that variable pitch fonts are known to be (for
most people) much more readable, one can argue that there is utility in
sending HTML formatted messages even if that HTML doesn't include
special rendering of text. 

Most E-mail programs, if they have special font provisions at all, have the 
ability for the users to set their fonts to whatever settings they choose (size, 
color, typeface, whatever).  Again, the RECIPIENT should be able to set THEIR 
choice (e.g. they might be colorblind, and the sender's choice of colors might 
not be appropriate, etc etc.)

Likewise, a font which looks fine on the sender's machine might not even EXIST 
on the recipient's machine.  

If the recipient "feels there is value" in displaying incoming mail messages in 
(say) 18 point script, then THEY should set their mailer to that and it 
shouldn't be overriden by the sender.

> The utility comes from sending the message in a format which is likely to be 
easier to read as well as to be more readily understood by the reader.

I think you ought to let the READER be the judge of what the READER finds the 
most readable... based on THEIR screen, THEIR vision, THEIR color preferences, 
THEIR screen resolution, etc etc.

And if the reader chooses to give that permission to certain of their trusted 
senders, they ought to be able to do that if they wish.  But they shouldn't be 
subjected to the whims and nonsense chosen by some random spammer somewhere.

(such as a spammer who decides there is "utility and value" in putting some of 
their (perhaps legally required) message in 2-point white text on a white 
background...)

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
>At 03:00 PM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>
>> >> However, you would cut down you spam load significantly if you rejected
>> > all mail with "Content-type: text/html" SMTP or MIME entity headers
>> > from strangers.
>>
>> > How can you have it both ways? You either receive email from strangers
>>or you don't.
>>
>>The point is BY DEFAULT to reject unsolicited HTML-burdened E-mail, or 
>>mail from untrusted/unknown senders that contains attachments.  By so 
>>doing, you will shrink spam byte volume by probably 90% or more.  You'll 
>>also eliminate in one fell swoop the GREAT majority of viruses, worms, and 
>>trojans.
>>
>>Plain ASCII text will continue to be delivered as before.
>>[..]

>My main problem with this and similar proposals is that they assume that a 
>consent system is in place that lets users authorize certain people to send 
>them email. The problem is that no such system exists and the goal of this 
>group is to make such system (see charter). Instead of bickering over a 
>specific filtering case, perhaps we should consider the larger question of 
>consent systems and how users can express such consent.

The whole point is that THIS DOESN'T REQUIRE consensus agreement.  It can be 
implemented by a single ISP using technology of their choice.

We could discuss suggested 'best practices' and such, although this sort of 
thing (if designed well) is the sort of thing which will differentiate one ISP's 
services from a competitor.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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On June 20, 2003 at 18:04 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > I am not demanding a definition or a solution. I would like to help to 
 > solve the problem just like everyone else. I do not think that anyone in 
 > here means bad, everyone means well. What I would like to see is more 
 > discussion of this topic from everyone including urself. Simply stating the 
 > facts and demanding a legal solutions does not help. I would like to see a 
 > technical discussion surrounding this approach and possible solutions.

Of course it helps, why wouldn't a more accurate problem description
help? You sure you got enough sleep last night?

And no one is "demanding" a legal solution.

But, speaking in general terms, even if we devise a technical means to
make an illegal activity difficult or impossible it's still worthwhile
noting that the underlying behavior is (willfully) illegal and not
just some sort of act of ignorance or a malfunction we are correcting.

Ultimately there would be those in legislative and law enforcement
venues who would value that opinion, from a technical perspective.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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On June 20, 2003 at 18:10 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > So your bottom line is that the spam problem is based on "how spammers 
 > amplify their distribution channels while keeping costs nearly at zero." 

I propose that if that is removed (or seriously diminished) the
problem will become mostly inconsequential and can then be dealt with
more in the manner of "consenting communications" via various methods,
mostly MUA, routinely mentioned here.

 > Legally pursuing spammers is not something we can affect or do in this 
 > group. But what we CAN do, is look at these aspects closer and see if any 
 > technical solutions are possible.
 > 
 > There are several approaches that have been mentioned that might have 
 > relevance to this. First of all, making sure email is not untraceble allows 
 > for LEA to catch the spammers. This would involve either changing SMTP, 
 > implementing C/R, or some other system that would allow for traceability. 
 > Domain names being owned by spammers is a problem too. Solutions must be 
 > made to deal with that as well. Foreign ISPs, allowing for spam are also a 
 > problem. And as you have mentioned many times before computers infected 
 > with viruses and other similar junk are a problem as well, although I do 
 > not see any possible solutions for that as well, not even any avenues of 
 > research.

Many years ago I had a professor who ran an 800-student lecture like a
discussion group taking questions at any time.

His only admonition, when a hand went up, would be ``are you SURE the
other 799 people in the room are interested in what you are about to
ask? Or can it wait until after class?''

It worked pretty well.

On that note, I won't try to address your telling us of your personal
inability to think of any possible solutions...[or]...avenues of
research...

Let's start easy.

We've seen various blacklists. I consider them a mostly bad idea,
perhaps of some use to individuals, but it's something we should all
be familiar with.

Some of the more notorious black lists actively scanned the net with
software for systems which fit their notion of "open relays" and would
add these to the net as a hazard.

Now, would it be possible to scan similarly for systems infected with
Jeem or one of the other spammer slave bugs?

What would we do with that information?

That's probably not necessary to answer, unless someone doubts
anything good could be done. But, for example, inform the owner, an
ISP might quarantine or mail rate-limit a known infected computer
until it's fixed, block it entirely (from mail, from everything), etc.

Also, could these viruses be used as honeypots to gather information
about who is using them for both evidence and to just get those perps
shut down and/or blocked?

Anyhow, this all starts with whether it's possible to write a piece of
software which begins to scan the net for infected systems? I don't
know enough about these specific viruses right now to answer that
question: Do they use hard to guess passwords? Do they give failure
indications on use of a bad passwd which identifies the infection, or
listen on a specific port, etc?

Maybe we should also issue an RFC that simply says that the days of
computer, including personal and desktop computer, operating systems
being vulnerable to viruses (within some problem definition) should
have been over years ago via widely distributed and well-known
techniques utilized in highly successful and comparable operating
systems software.

As such, any operating system which does not meet a minimum standard
of being viral resistant (obviously some detail is needed here) and is
connected to the internet is non-conformant to RFC XYZZY or however
that's usually worded and is a potential hazard to the net at large.

For the love of money, XP and Windows/ME (and all earlier MS windows)
are both vulnerable to Jeem, sobig.a, and Proxy-Guzu, some of the more
cited viruses used in this sort of spamming.

And, in all cases, according to Symantec's database:

  Systems Not Affected: Macintosh, OS/2, UNIX, Linux

I rest my case.

I think we know who's handing out the free whiskey and loaded shotguns
in the bad part of town. Make them stop doing that.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
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gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us> wrote:
>>Gordon Peterson wrote:
>>> But there is NO point in someone sending unannounced attachments
>>> to someone who may not be prepared to deal with them ...
>> Given that a signature is an attachment, are you suggesting that I
>> shouldn't be able to sign outgoing mail unless I have made previous
>> arrangments with all recipients who might receive such signed
>> messages?
> 
> Yes, I think that there is NO point in sending "attachment signatures" 
> unsolicited, to people who maybe don't have software capable of dealing with 
> those attachments and authenticating them.  
> 
>>If such a rule were widely held, then the otherwise useful practice of
>>signing mail messages is likely to never be accepted!
> 
> It's not "useful" to recipients who have no way of dealing with those
>  attachments. And those are the folks who you're saying should find
> them, unwanted, in their E-mail inboxes just because the sender has
> this geeky feeling that they're somehow "cool".

Excuse me, but there are many people who feel that promoting signed 
email is one of the steps needed for solving the spam problem. 
 >>Especially<< for people sending unsolicited email. It has nothing to 
do with the geek factor.

You may disagree with whether signed email would help solve the spam 
problem. But if it does become accepted, then attachments will also 
become the accepted practice.

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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John Morris in <a05200f09bb193252834d@[10.0.1.19]>

> At 1:24 PM -0500 6/20/03, Evan Harris wrote:

[snip]

> >The only issue I had with the original statement was the claim that this
> >method should cause greater concern for privacy.  While there are privacy
> >concerns with any statistics, I wouldn't consider this method any more of a
> >danger than normal server logs, since nothing is kept that couldn't be found
> >there.
> >
> >Evan
> 
> FWIW, my original point was that the grey list approach is a greater 
> cause for concern than a simple white list approach (which can reveal 
> a user's correspondents but not the date and time of the first and 
> last e-mail and the number of successful e-mails).
> 
> I agree that the grey  list approach is not radically more 
> problematic than mail server logs.  But even on that point, having 
> two places where private info aggregates is worse than having one.
> 
> Moreover, the greylist might in some cases be easier to locate or 
> access -- in some situations, for example a civil litigant might have 
> fairly direct access to his or her grey list (and thus be easily 
> required to produce it), but the related mail server logs might be 
> held by a third party ISP not under the litigant's control.  And, 
> once produced, the greylist can serve as an incomplete but still 
> useful index into the mail server logs.

If only a hash of the triplet were stored, would this solve
the privacy issue?

Regard,
      - Elric

-- 
Elric Pedder
Mailtraq Development (www.mailtraq.com)


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2003 22:49:11 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Elric Pedder <elric@novitraq.com>

> ...
> If only a hash of the triplet were stored, would this solve
> the privacy issue?

No.  Consider a "dictionary attack."  If you have a copy of the database
and want to know if Steve Case sent Bill Gates a message, you hash
those two addresses with a likely IP address and see if you can get
a hit in the database.  If you do not know the exact IP address, you
can guess it is one of a few thousand (or at most a billion) and make
the corresponding few thousand (or billion) probes of your copy of
the database.  Like a dictionary attack on /etc/passwd, this attack
may not be quick, but it is effective.

Whether the hash is easily reversible like CRC-32 or a cryptographic
function like SHA or MD5 is irrelevant except perhaps for the speed
of the attack.

This sort of thing is why hashes of target addresses are not sent by
DCC clients to servers to be stored in the distributed database.  It
is also why none of the hashes of mail from white-listed senders or
to non-participating receivers is sent to DCC servers by clients.

It might be interesting to consider something similar for the
Greylisting database.  What if only the IP address of the SMTP
client and the Rcpt_To value is checked?


I saw some comments about available counter-attacks by spammers, but
I don't recall seeing a clear description of the easiest.  Spammers
do not need to do real queuing to get though a greylist.  They need
only send to the same target list from the same SMTP client a few
hours after an initial spew.  Mailboxes protected by a greylist will
accept the second copy.  Other mailboxes will see two copies.  That
wouldn't be remarkable, because some spammers are already hitting
individual addresses with several copies per spew.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information...
To: "Yakov Shafranovich"  <research@solidmatrix.com>
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> Foreign ISPs, allowing for spam are also
> a
> problem. 

"Foreign"? What does that mean?





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>ISP's e-mail logs ALREADY give those ISPs a list of everyone you've ever 
>received mail from, or sent mail to, so I think your argument doesn't
>really
>impress me very much.
>

Will people *please* stop baldly asserting this. As far as I know, most
providers in the UK / EU do not retain traffic data for any longer than
they *have to* ( for business purposes ), the concern is that it may be
illegal to do anything more. In other jurisdictions where these concerns do
not apply, providers may have data retention policies in place for other
reasons.

The difference is that while mail logs MAY preserve some traffic data, many
proposals made in this group require that this data MUST be kept.
Accordingly, the burden of "securing" it is higher.






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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 12:02:29 -0400 (EDT)

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Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com> wrote ..
> > From: Elric Pedder <elric@novitraq.com>
> 
> > ...
> > If only a hash of the triplet were stored, would this solve
> > the privacy issue?
> 
> No.  Consider a "dictionary attack."  If you have a copy of the database
> and want to know if Steve Case sent Bill Gates a message, you hash
> those two addresses with a likely IP address and see if you can get
> a hit in the database.  If you do not know the exact IP address, you
> can guess it is one of a few thousand (or at most a billion) and make
> the corresponding few thousand (or billion) probes of your copy of
> the database.  Like a dictionary attack on /etc/passwd, this attack
> may not be quick, but it is effective.

I agree with Vernon's comments.  Hashing the triplets would not "solve" the privacy problem, for the reasons Vernon explains.  But I do think it could "reduce" the privacy problems, because a dictionary-like attack would be less effective if you do not have any idea about who has sent e-mail to the person whose greylist you are attacking.  It would also make the greylist better protected from a more casual attack -- for example, a colleague or family member sneaking a quick peek at someone's greylist.

But, hashing the triplets would certainly not make all of the privacy problems disappear.  Indeed, even if one could come up with a hash that was resistant to kind of attack Vernon details, the other information in the database could reveal important personal information even without knowing who sent an e-mail.  For example, if you are trying to investigate whether person X made an initial contact with person Y during a given period of time, Y's hashed greylist could establish that someone contacted Y for the first time at a time specific (which could be valuable even if you cannot determine whether the someone was X).

John


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From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 11:30:14 -0400

At 5:26 PM -0500 6/20/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>It's not "useful" to recipients who have no way of dealing with those
>attachments.   And those are the folks who you're saying should find them,
>unwanted, in their E-mail inboxes just because the sender has this 
>geeky feeling
>that they're somehow "cool".

I typically sign all my email.  The only reason I'm not now is 
because I'm waiting for a new version of the plugin.  This has 
nothing to do with "cool".  It has to do with being able to verify 
what I actually said.  Whether the recipient has the necessary 
software is irrelevant.  They have the message, and should it be 
necessary, they (or anyone else) can verify that it came from me.

But of course the most critical thing here you are missing in Bob's 
message is the issue of verification.  You keep talking about "first 
time" as though it means something.  One of the major issues 
discussed on this group is the question of how you identify a person. 
It's something you need to do for whitelisting.  And it's something 
that virtually every proposal on this list depends on to one extent 
or another.  Your proposal depends on it too.  If a large number of 
systems on the internet start depending on whitelisting, then 
spammers will start seeking out ways of sending you email from 
addresses that you have probably whitelisted.  The whole point of a 
signature is to attach an unforgeable identity to a message.  In fact 
the most useful time to have that identity nailed down *is* the first 
time you receive a message.  By ruling that out, you have opened a 
hole in the security of your solution, and the spammers will happily 
walk right into it if they have nowhere else to go.

(For discussions of how spammers could (and do) find out who you have 
white-listed, search the archives.)

-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 11:46:29 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>

> >So by your count, 25/144 or 17% involved real HTML?
> >That's more than I predicted, but less than it seemed others suggested.
>
> I would guess that's not unusual for a non-technhical mailing list. 
> I suspect person-to-person (letters from your Mom, that sort of 
> things) will have a higher HTML ratio, but we'll see.

We're talking about real HTML, not HTML that is present only
because Netscape and Outlook generate HTML by default.  Perhaps your
Mom is different from most people who use computers only casually.
Most people are less likely to use text formatting than the apparently
fairly computer savvy contributors to that mailing list.

Someone mentioned something about an "apple-B" key apparently in
connection to making a word bold.  That is meaningless to the
majority of users who have PCs instead of MACs.  For several reasons,
I wouldn't be surprised if MAC users are more likely than average
to use real HTML formatting.


I'm irked at the demands to squelch this topic.  This topic has at
least as much hope of having some useful result as the zillions of
words spent on "CR" and "CRI."  It makes no sense to talk about
filtering HTML by default for the immediately foreseeable future, but
BCPs on aspects of spam, virus, worms, or privacy could quite properly
and valuably urge that HTML be used only when really required or
explicitly requested.  The current practice of bloating mail by 10X
encoding with a text/plain version and a visibly identical text/html
version is nasty, bad, and incompetent.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 11:33:17 -0400

At 11:36 AM -0600 6/20/03, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>So by your count, 25/144 or 17% involved real HTML?
>That's more than I predicted, but less than it seemed others suggested.

I would guess that's not unusual for a non-technhical mailing list. 
I suspect person-to-person (letters from your Mom, that sort of 
things) will have a higher HTML ratio, but we'll see.


-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 13:35:50 -0400

At 12:06 PM -0600 6/20/03, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>That's wrong.  If you as a mail receiver like variable pitch fonts,
>then you can have them with common MUAs with plaintext mail simply by
>configuring your MUA.  If you don't like variable pitch fonts, then

Which works fine until you get email from someone who assumed you 
were using fixed pitch.  I've tried it, it's not worth the hassle. 
Lots of plain/text messages don't assume fixed pitch, but when they 
do, they *really* do.

>Do you think much HTML mail specifies a font by other than <BIG>
>or a numeric size?   My impression is otherwise.

Absolutely, all the time.  In fact, in the code I just wrote to look 
for hand-generated HTML, I specifically count font tags as hand 
generated only if the face or the size changes from what was used in 
the previous font tag.  If I just looked to a face tag, just about 
everything from Outlook would get marked as hand-generated.  Even my 
pre-teen daughters send multi-font email.  Don't look at me.  *I* 
didn't tell them how.  In fact, in one of my older daughter's first 
messages to a friend, she figured out how to cut and paste the smiley 
graphics from iChat into the mail program, and mailed off a message 
containing 200 itsy bitsy TIF images of different smiley faces. 
(Bummer drag--first message to someone, and it was HTML.)
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 13:38:48 -0400

At 10:49 PM -0600 6/20/03, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>I saw some comments about available counter-attacks by spammers, but
>I don't recall seeing a clear description of the easiest.  Spammers
>do not need to do real queuing to get though a greylist.  They need
>only send to the same target list from the same SMTP client a few
>hours after an initial spew.  Mailboxes protected by a greylist will
>accept the second copy.  Other mailboxes will see two copies.  That
>wouldn't be remarkable, because some spammers are already hitting
>individual addresses with several copies per spew.

I agree.  In fact, I think this makes greylisting a very bad idea. 
It magnifies the tragedy of the commons.  Everyone tries to protect 
themselves and ends up making the problem worse for everyone else. 
In the short term it works well for individuals.  As soon as it 
becomes popular, it doubles the spam traffic and solves nothing.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] "more readable"
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 14:35:27 -0400

At 6:12 PM -0500 6/20/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>I think you ought to let the READER be the judge of what the READER finds the
>most readable... based on THEIR screen, THEIR vision, THEIR color preferences,
>THEIR screen resolution, etc etc.

This battle was fought and lost with HTML web sites.  Why do you 
think you'll have any more luck winning it with email?

99.9% of the people sending email really don't care.  Actually, I'd 
put it stronger than that.  When they make a document on the screen, 
they want it to appear the same way on the printer.  When the fax it 
to someone, they want it to come out the same on the remote side. 
When the paper mail it to someone, they want it the same way on the 
other side.  So not surprisingly they have this weird idea that the 
recipient should see the email the way they composed it.  That's how 
it works in real life.  That's how they want it to work on their 
computer.

And don't talk to me about bits.  Or dangerous content.  Having your 
computer on the internet is dangerous.  But we think it's worthwhile. 
You've made an apriori decision that HTML email isn't okay with you. 
Great.  Don't accept it. But don't try and massively complicate 
everyone's life just because of your personal preference.  You want 
to make everyone's machine keep track of who they have ever 
communicated with (On this machine?  With this email program?  With 
this email address?  With this ISP?).  You want to change the default 
behavior of 90% of the MUAs out there.  You want to change the 
behavior of every MTA out there that receives email (or else every 
MUA has to add the code for tracking and bouncing).  You want to 
explain to the users how to change these settings, and have *them* 
keep track of whether they have every sent mail to a particular user 
at this particular email address and from this particular address 
before, and then if not, have them change a setting that they don't 
even understand.

And all to bring about a change that spammers can adapt to in less 
than a week.  Because you know what?  They didn't need HTML to sell 2 
million Iraqi most-wanted cards in two weeks.  They didn't need HTML 
to con people into flying to Nigeria and getting killed.  And they 
certainly don't need it to sell penis expanders.

Sure, it would be wonderful if there were some directory of what 
formats people would accept, and if you could easily keep track of 
whether you've sent mail to someone before, and they could easily 
keep track of whether they've received mail from you before.  We 
abandoned those things when we abandoned X.400/X.500.  This is good 
old SMTP/MIME email.  No directories.  No concept of identity.  No 
concept of preferences.  That is the environment we are working in. 
And futhermore.  It has nothing to do with spam.  Please take the 
topic somewhere appropriate.

Your proposal doesn't amaze me.  I've seen lots of people make the 
same complaint, myself included.  What amazes me is that you think 
it's simple.  Email is an END-USER technology, it's not some buried 
network protocol.  NOTHING about it is simple.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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From: John Kodis <kodis@mail630.gsfc.nasa.gov>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Permission-based antispam-antivirus solutions
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 15:29:41 -0400

On Thu, Jun 19, 2003 at 06:50:36PM -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> Programmers and sysadmins, and people who started using email before
> MIME was introduced, tend to dislike HTML email.  Other people see
> the ability to use boldface and italics as normal features of any
> text-editing environment (which they consider their MUA to be).

Even so, HTML is the wrong tool for the job.  A better approach is the
text/enriched MIME Content-type described in RFC 1563 at
http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1563.html 

This provides all the formatting that someone composing a simple email
message is likely to require (and then some), but without the bloat
and security risks inherent in a full HTML rendering engine.  It also
produces mail messages can be rendered well by text-based email
clients such as mutt, and which are still fairly legible even as raw
text due to the lack of "&nbsp;" strings which seem to make up the
bulk of many HTML email messages.

> If you want FULL text-handling features, then you can send LaTeX or
> Word (or whatever) documents as attachments (and thus enable
> attachments) for those people you trust to send you that kind of material.

Exactly right.  This is simply a matter of using the correct tool for
the job at hand.

Unfortunately, restricting email content type seems unlikely to have
any long-term impact on spam, as the spammers will simply adapt their
behavior to whatever content type is most likely to get their message
across.

-- 
John Kodis                                    Goddard Space Flight Center
kodis@mail630.gsfc.nasa.gov                      Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
Phone: 301-286-7376                                     Fax: 301-286-1771

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Subject: [Asrg] Do end users really use HTML?
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 15:47:05 -0400

Frankly, I think the question is pointless.  Regardless of the answer, 
we aren't going to change the default. Which raises the question of why
I just spent three hours attempting to answer it.  Oh well.  Someone
asked.

The Sample
Messages sent to wormalert@somewhere.com over the period of about 15 
months.  These are messages sent by non-technical (pretty much by 
definition) users who thought they were protecting their email from 
viruses.  They put the wormalert address in their address book 
because someone forwarded a hoax to them, and they believed it.  They 
sent mail to it because they were either sending email to everyone in 
their address book, replied to someone who did, or mistakenly thought 
the hoax said that they should cc/bcc the address every time.  The 
main point is that these are *not* mailing list or technical 
messages.  They tend to be forwarded jokes, conversations with 
relatives, and other end-user to end-user email.  Needless to say, 
some of these messages are very private, so I'm not going to make the 
repository publicly available.

These messages have been filtered to remove spam.  Initially I did it 
by hand (I used to reply to the hoaxes, and also hand reply to people 
who ignored our automatic request to stop sending us email).  For the 
past six months they've been filtered by Messagefire's spam filtering 
service.  The false negative (missed spam) rate for Messagefire is 
about 0.2%.

The Technique
I wrote a perl program (included below) that parses the Eudora 
mailboxes that hold the mail.  It looks at each message and checks to 
see if Eudora thought it was HTML (Eudora does some rather nasty 
munging of email, tossing multipart alternative and other message 
parts).  The script is pretty generic, if you want to test it on a 
non-Eudora mailbox you'll want to change the line ending setting and 
have it use the Content-Type to check the type of the message instead 
of the <x-html> tag.

The script picks out HTML tags and counts them.  Pretty simple.  I 
kept feeding it my email having it print out the lines the tags were 
on until I had a rough idea of which tags were auto-generated, and 
which seemed to indicate manual generation.  (Note that "manual" also 
includes "pasted from a web page".)  I made a couple special cases. 
End tags aren't counted.  No tag or tags preceding  [a-z]+: is 
counted (e.g. formatting of forwarded messages).  Font tags are 
counted only if they change the size or face of a previous font tag.

These numbers may differ somewhat from my previous quick summary.
The previous attempt was very quick and dirty with grep, and was 
prone to double-counting messages that contained forwarded messages.
That inflated the number of HTML messages in the count.

The Numbers
74,405 total messages
28,295 plain text          (38%)
24,429 auto-generated html (32%)
21,681 hand-generated html (29%)

796 of the auto-generated html messages had attachments
3,750 of the hand-generated html messages had attachments
(That's a little misleading, because I counted an img tag as hand-generated.)

Raw Information
Here are the tags with counts which I included in the 
"hand-generated" category, so long as they didn't violate any of the 
above exceptions.
13619   b
8067    font
5682    tr
5564    td
5518    table
5489    i
3541    strong
3428    img
3329    u
3320    tbody
1398    em
1026    center
248     ul
238     tt
202     li
164     h1
109     sup
80      code
72      h3
71      h2
70      map
67      small
55      area
48      bgsound
45      big
43      ol
38      base
35      h5
35      h4
34      nobr
30      h6
25      th
24      embed
22      link
13      param
12      caption
6       col
5       strike
4       fontfamily
3       noindex
3       excerpt
3       bigger
2       object
2       noscript
2       colgroup
2       blink
1       paraindent
1       noembed
1       label
1       headline
1       embossed
1       cite
1       byline
1       blackface

And here, for what it's worth, is a count of the X-Mailer 
information, with version information stripped out.  I've skipped 
anything with less than 10 entries.







































































And finally, here's the script.
#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;

# Eudora does some odd mailbox munging.
# If you are using this on something other than eudora mac, you'll want to change
# the line ending here, and you'll want to change the check for attachments
# (search for "Related" below) and the way I tell if something is html (<x-html>).
#
$/ = "\r";

my ($inmsg, $inhdr, %mailer, %tags, %msg, $inhtml, %type, $cnt);
my ($face, $size, $attachments, $msgs, $line);

$inmsg = 0;
while (<>) {
    ++$line;
    if (/^From /) {
        last if (++$cnt > 999999);
        if ($inmsg) {
            ++$msgs;
            if ($inhtml) {
                my ($hastag, $hasrel);
                foreach my $tag (keys %msg) {
                    if ($tag eq 'Related') {
                        ++$hasrel;
                        ++$attachments;
                    } else {
                        ++$hastag;
                        ++$tags{$tag};
                    }
                }
                if ($hastag) {
                    if ($hasrel) {
                        ++$type{handhtmlattach};
                    } else {
                        ++$type{handhtml};
                    }
                } else {
                    if ($hasrel) {
                        ++$type{autohtmlattach};
                    } else {
                        ++$type{autohtml};
                    }
                }
            } else {
                ++$type{text};
            }
        } else {
            $inmsg = 1;
        }
        $inhdr = 1;
        $inhtml = 0;
        $face = $size = undef;
        %msg = ();
    } elsif (/^\s*$/) {
        $inhdr = 0;
    } else {
        if ($inhdr) {
            if (/^x-mailer:\s*(.*)/i) {
                my $mailer = lc($1);
                chomp $mailer;
                $mailer =~ s/\s*[\d,\/\(].*//;  # nuke everything after a number
                ++$mailer{$mailer};
            }
        } elsif (/<x-html>/) {
            $inhtml = 1;
        }
        if ($inhtml) {
            next if (/IncrediMail/);
            ++$msg{Related} if (/^Related:/);
            chomp;
            s/\0//g;    # unicode
            s/[\r\n]/ /g;
            my $orig = $_;
            while (/<[^>]+>/) {
                my ($nface, $nsize);
                s/<([^>]+)>(.*)/\2/;
                my ($tag, $rest) = (lc($1), lc($2));
                next if ($tag =~ /\@/);
                $tag =~ s/^[\s!]+//;
                # we only count font tags if they change
                if ($tag =~ /^font.*face="?([a-z]+)/) {
                    $nface = $1;
                }
                if ($tag =~ /^font.*size="?([-\d]+)/) {
                    $nsize = $1;
                }
                $tag =~ s/\s.*//;

                # weird tags
                next if ($tag =~ /\d/ && $tag !~ /^h\d$/);
                next if ($tag =~ /[^a-z\d]/);

                # probably spam or virus slipped through, don't count it
                if (grep(/^$tag$/, qw(iframe form input select option script
                        textarea))) {
                    $inmsg = 0;
                    last;
                }

                # weird stuff
                next if (grep(/^$tag$/, qw(fwd left pm refcode)));
                next if ($tag =~ /^\s*$/);

                # tags we think are usually auto generated
                next if (grep(/^$tag$/, qw(span body div head html xmeta meta style
                        doctype xbody dl dd dt marquee address clock dir comment
                        spacer basefont bold xeta
                        br a p blockquote hr xml pre title xmp defanged_meta)));

                # probably highlighting a mail field
                next if ($rest =~ /[a-z]+:/);

                if ($nface) {
                    if ($face && $nface ne $face) {
                        ++$msg{$tag};
                        #print "## $orig\n";
                    }
                } elsif ($nsize) {
                    if ($size && $nsize != $size) {
                        ++$msg{$tag};
                        #print "## $orig\n";
                    }
                } else {
                    next if ($tag eq 'font');
                    #print "# $line: $tag\t$orig\n";
                    # Anything else we ignore
                    if (grep(/^$tag$/, qw(b font h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 strong sup tt big
                            bgsound embed small li noscript area  map ol code base
                            nobr base caption th label col dir byline headline
                            param strike  cite excerpt paraindent blink object
                            bigger blackface colgroup embossed fontfamily
                            noembed noindex
                            table tbody td tr u em i link img center ul))) {
                        ++$msg{$tag};
                    }
                }
                $face = $nface if ($nface);
                $size = $nsize if ($nsize);
            }
        }
    }
}

print "Messages: $msgs\n";
print "HTML Attachments: $attachments\n";
print "Types:\n";
open(S, "|sort -rn");
foreach my $type (sort keys %type) {
    print S "$type{$type}\t$type\n";
}
close(S);
print "\nTags:\n";
open(S, "|sort -rn");
foreach my $tag (sort keys %tags) {
    print S "$tags{$tag}\t$tag\n";
}
close(S);
print "\nMailers\n";
open(S, "|sort -rn");
foreach my $mailer (sort keys %mailer) {
    print S "$mailer{$mailer}\t$mailer\n";
}
close(S);

-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <bob@wyman.us>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Cc: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 15:53:39 -0400
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Another patent should be added to the list of patents relevant to spam.
This one may have implications for C/R related methods.

US Patent: 6,246,996 "Computerized system for facilitating transactions
between parties on the internet using e-mail" Granted: June 12, 2001
Based on initial filing on Sep. 16, 1994.
See:
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6246996

The inventors are: Lee Stein, Einar Stefferud, Nathaniel Borenstein, and
Marshall Rose...





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I think that's a reach on this patent. This one talks about facilitating
transactions, maybe like a paypal system. It has virtually nothing to do
with spam.

I can see where you might stretch it to be c/r but I don't think it
would be particularly helpful to this list.

Maybe if you can point out which part of their claims or processes use
C/R then it might make sense. I did a quick scan and did not see
anything.=20



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bob Wyman [mailto:bob@wyman.us]
> Sent: Saturday, June 21, 2003 9:54 AM
> To: bob@wyman.us; asrg@ietf.org
> Cc: 'Yakov Shafranovich'
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
>=20
> Another patent should be added to the list of patents relevant to
spam.
> This one may have implications for C/R related methods.
>=20
> US Patent: 6,246,996 "Computerized system for facilitating
transactions
> between parties on the internet using e-mail" Granted: June 12, 2001
> Based on initial filing on Sep. 16, 1994.
> See:
> http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=3D6246996
>=20
> The inventors are: Lee Stein, Einar Stefferud, Nathaniel Borenstein,
and
> Marshall Rose...
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>=20




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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Peter Kay'" <peter@titankey.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Cc: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
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Peter Kay wrote:
> I think that's a reach on this patent. This one talks about
> facilitating transactions, maybe like a paypal system. It=20
> has virtually nothing to do with spam.
	I agree that it is a bit of a stretch, however, even though it
is not written as an "anti-spam" patent, it still incorporates a process
of "challenge and response" via email messages that somewhat resembles
the method used in C/R systems which are specifically intended to
prevent spam.=20
	One might argue that sending email messages is a form of
"transaction."=20
	Or, it might be that you would infringe on this patent if you
combined a C/R system with one of the "pay to send" or "postage stamp"
systems that have been proposed elsewhere. In that case, the transaction
would be paying for the postage.
	It is also possible that one might argue that since this process
of "challenge and response" (although not called that in this patent)
had been incorporated into a patent application whose predecessor was
filed as long ago as 1994, that establishes that the method of C/R was
"obvious" to one skilled in the art by the time that later C/R related
patent applications were being filed five, six or more years later.
	Also, at least one of the inventors on this patent has claimed
that he believes it *may* be relevant to spam...

		bob wyman


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Some folks are simply amazing.

At 11:02 AM -0700 6/21/03, WSpringfield wrote:
>Return-Path: <wspringfield1306@yahoo.com>
>Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 11:02:50 -0700 (PDT)
>From: WSpringfield <wspringfield1306@yahoo.com>
>Subject: Spamfree Message Board
>To: webmaster@somewhere.com
>
>webmaster@somewhere.com
>
>I found a link to your site on the asrg digest and
>wanted to invite your group to make contributions to a
>new anti-spam message board which can be found at;
>
>http://b5.boards2go.com/boards/board.cgi?&user=spamfree

He finds a link to my web site on ASRG, and therefore thinks it's 
okay to send spam to the webmaster at the site?

The mind boggles.  Can anyone suggest why I shouldn't report this to 
Yahoo as spam?
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <gep2@terabites.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] "more readable"
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Gordon Peterson wrote:
> I think you ought to let the READER be the judge of=20
> what the READER finds the most readable... based on=20
> THEIR screen, THEIR vision, THEIR color preferences,=20
> THEIR screen resolution, etc etc.
	Argh... I first had this debate over 20 years ago... It is one
of the classic issues in email... I really don't want to drag through
all the detail which would involve endless quotes from Aristotle on the
subject of rhetoric, etc... However, in "classic" communication systems,
the *speaker* is responsible for constructing communications in a form
which is most likely to be understood by his audience. Electronic
communications adds a twist to things, very different from traditional
forms of communications, in that the reader is able to reformat the
"utterance" upon receipt. Nonetheless, the speaker still has
responsibility to do the best he can in forming his utterances...
	There is a long set of arguments that would say that properly
formatted HTML would be the best form in which to construct a message
since the recipient of the message can alter the presentation to adjust
to his own preferences. Thus, a message should be formatted with "<em>"
tags (not "<b>" tags) and the reader will choose how he prefers to see
emphasis rendered in response to the speakers indication that emphasis
be shown. If all messages are sent in ASCII, then the reader has less
control over the message content than if messages are sent in HTML. It
should not be forgotten that the reader has the option, given
appropriate software, to take an HTML message and have it formatted as
pure ASCII... Lynx based HTML browsers have been doing that for a very
long time...
	I think the real issue here is not the sending of HTML, but
rather, the fact that most reader's email systems can't be trusted to
display HTML without risks. We wouldn't be hearing these objections if
more readers had systems that had the flexibility of web bugs, were
better protected against HTML born viruses, etc. It isn't HTML that is
the problem, it is the software that reads it.

		bob wyman


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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Kee Hinckley'" <nazgul@somewhere.com>, <gep2@terabites.com>
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Kee Hinckley wrote:
> easily keep track of whether they've received mail from 
> you before.  We abandoned those things when we abandoned 
> X.400/X.500.  This is good old SMTP/MIME email.  No 
> directories.  No concept of identity.  No concept of preferences.
	I think you do not understand X.400. While X.500 had much to do
with "identity," there was nothing in X.400 concerning identity,
preferences, etc. And, the issues being discussed in this forum had
nothing to do with any reason why X.400 is not successful today.
	(Note: I was part of the definition of and first commercial
implementation of X.400, etc... Don't get me started.)

		bob wyman


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From: WSpringfield <wspringfield1306@yahoo.com>
To: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>, Asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: [Asrg] Re: spam from the "spamfree" message board
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 14:20:13 -0700 (PDT)

Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com> 

Your message has been received and I apologize for
intruding with my email message.  I saw the
advertisement at the bottom of your message and
assumed you were open to contact through the link
provided.  My intention was to open additional dialog
with others who share concerns about receiving
unsolicited emails.  It seems to me that individual
contact between users, particularly those who
advertise, would be a part of the commercial nature of
the information tool we have here.  Again, I intended
no offense and withdraw my offer to visit and
participate in our new board.  

WSpringfield

PS; To the asrg webmaster, you may cancel my request
to receive the digest if my actions were outside of
the bounds of your group.

--- Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com> wrote:
> Some folks are simply amazing.
> 
> At 11:02 AM -0700 6/21/03, WSpringfield wrote:
> >Return-Path: <wspringfield1306@yahoo.com>
> >Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 11:02:50 -0700 (PDT)
> >From: WSpringfield <wspringfield1306@yahoo.com>
> >Subject: Spamfree Message Board
> >To: webmaster@somewhere.com
> >
> >webmaster@somewhere.com
> >
> >I found a link to your site on the asrg digest and
> >wanted to invite your group to make contributions
> to a
> >new anti-spam message board which can be found at;
> >
>
>http://b5.boards2go.com/boards/board.cgi?&user=spamfree
> 
> He finds a link to my web site on ASRG, and
> therefore thinks it's 
> okay to send spam to the webmaster at the site?
> 
> The mind boggles.  Can anyone suggest why I
> shouldn't report this to 
> Yahoo as spam?
> -- 
> Kee Hinckley
> http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam
> Service for your POP Account
> http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on
> Technology and Society
> 
> I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are
> so unwilling to accept
> responsibility for their own actions, or that they
> are so eager to regulate
> everyone else's.


__________________________________
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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] "more readable"
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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 15:31:24 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>

> ...
> 	I think the real issue here is not the sending of HTML, but
> rather, the fact that most reader's email systems can't be trusted to
> display HTML without risks. We wouldn't be hearing these objections if
> more readers had systems that had the flexibility of web bugs, were
> better protected against HTML born viruses, etc. It isn't HTML that is
> the problem, it is the software that reads it.

That's true of privacy and security complaints but not spam. 
A safe and sane HTML-enabled MUA that doesn't dereference URLs and
never executes scripts without the explict informed opinion of a human
user would be an irritant for spam filtering.  Spam filtering must
deal with <strange tags> and <!--comments-->, just to name two things
that are easy to handle and not mentioning other things that are more
hassle since there's no reason instruct the slower spammers reading
this mailing list.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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On Sat, 21 Jun 2003, Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com> wrote:
>At 6:12 PM -0500 6/20/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>>I think you ought to let the READER be the judge of what the READER finds the
>>most readable... based on THEIR screen, THEIR vision, THEIR color preferences,
>>THEIR screen resolution, etc etc.
>
>This battle was fought and lost with HTML web sites.  Why do you 
>think you'll have any more luck winning it with email?

Well, ONE difference is that a Web site is for the most part a public posting, 
which people have the right to visit or not visit as they choose, but at THEIR 
option.  The Web site is designed (and paid for) by the person posting it.  A 
Web site is normally made available without knowing in advance who might or 
might not someday come to view it.

E-mail, on the other hand, uses an inbox (of limited size, thus at least for 
some a 'scarce resrouce') paid for by the recipient.  While made available by 
the recipient for the convenience of others, the sender of the E-mail usually 
knows (of, at least) the people who will be receiving the mail.  There is 
generally a more direct relationship (other than in spamming, of course).

It's really like the difference between announcing an open public meeting 
somewhere to make a presentation, versus knocking on the door to someone's home 
to make the presentation at their house.  If you're making the presentation to 
them personally, you should normally expect to go to greater pains to respect 
the wishes of the people who are personally giving you their time and attention.

>99.9% of the people sending email really don't care.  Actually, I'd 
>put it stronger than that.  When they make a document on the screen, 
>they want it to appear the same way on the printer.  

HTML is not, and has never been, a precise or deterministic page layout 
language.  Postscript, TeX, and other schemes are [FAR!] better at that.

While obviously I can't prevent people from confusing that issue, I also don't 
take responsibility for their trying to turn HTML into something it's really 
not.  And I don't have to allow them to waste _my_ resources in their 
associated, [foolhardy!] attempt.

The issue, anyhow, isn't really whether people should or shouldn't use 
HTML-burdened E-mail... obviously, some people can (and do) send anything they 
could possibly want in their outgoing E-mails.  The issue before THIS group is 
whether we might encourage ISPs to provide filtering options to their 
subscribers which return control of the subscribers' E-mail inboxes to the 
subscribers, or if we leave them to continue to be victimized by spammers, 
fraudsters, and other abusers.

My observation is that spammers as a class are far more likely to use (and 
abuse) the various oddball things in HTML in their attempts to deceive, defraud, 
mislead, and confuse their victims.  Since the MOST universal (and safest!) form 
of E-mail is plain ASCII text, it just makes sense to (AT LEAST FOR AN INITIAL 
CONTACT) to employ that cross-platform, everyone-can-read-it style.

>When the fax it 
>to someone, they want it to come out the same on the remote side. 

Fax by its nature is an IMAGE.  HTML is NOT an image, nor is it a page 
description language (no matter how strongly some of its users try to make it 
that).

>When the paper mail it to someone, they want it the same way on the 
>other side.  So not surprisingly they have this weird idea that the 
>recipient should see the email the way they composed it.  That's how 
>it works in real life.  That's how they want it to work on their 
>computer.

They can do that using Adobe Acrobat, Word, TeX, and various other kinds of page 
composition languages.  HTML is NOT like any of those.

But in ANY case, there is a quantum, crucial difference about E-mail than about 
Web sites or E-publishing... E-mail is often between just TWO people, and it's 
not ONLY about what just ONE of them wants.  To be useful, it must be useful and 
correspond with the needs and wishes of BOTH of those parties.

>And don't talk to me about bits.  Or dangerous content.  Having your 
>computer on the internet is dangerous.  

You do NOT get viruses/worms/trojans from plain ASCII text E-mails.  HTML and/or 
attachments are crucial components to virtually EVERY type of malicious E-mails 
(i.e. not just 'fraudulent' like the Nigerian scams).

Agreed that there might be other firewall-type attacks, but virtually every type 
of malicious code which arrives by E-mail comes in either HTML-burdened or 
attachment-carrying E-mail.  Restricting who can send you that to a subset of 
your correspondents will result in a probably-similar reduction in your 
vulnerability to attacks arriving that way.  We can probably agree that 
protecting your computer from malicious code isn't the focus of this group;  but 
it is a nice side benefit that the SAME mechanism which will help make the spam 
situation so much better will also help the malicious-code-attack problem too.

>You've made an apriori decision that HTML email isn't okay with you. 

I'm willing to accept it from SOME senders, those who use it responsibly and who 
I trust to not abuse it (and whose transmissions are unlikely to overflow my 
Inbox).

>Great.  Don't accept it. But don't try and massively complicate 
>everyone's life just because of your personal preference.  

The goal is not to "massively complicate" anybody's life, but we ARE trying to 
solve some problems here, and solving them IS GOING TO MEAN changing at least 
some characteristics of the status quo.

>You want 
>to make everyone's machine keep track of who they have ever 
>communicated with (On this machine?  With this email program?  With 
>this email address?  With this ISP?).  

That is not a key part of my proposal, although if it's only just a matter of 
destination/origin name pairs I would suggest that "keeping track" of every 
correspondent you've exchanged mail with represents a terribly small database by 
today's standards (and that doesn't necessarily need to be on your own machine, 
it could well be at your ISP or domain provider).

> You want to change the default behavior of 90% of the MUAs out there.  

I think that just about everything we have been proposing represents at least 
SOME kind of change, AT LEAST at the ISP level.  One big advantage of what I 
propose is that it can be implemented at a *single* ISP (indeed, even at a 
single *recipient*) and virtually immediately yield a very substantial 
improvmement.

>You want to change the 
>behavior of every MTA out there that receives email (or else every 
>MUA has to add the code for tracking and bouncing).  You want to 
>explain to the users how to change these settings, and have *them* 
>keep track of whether they have every sent mail to a particular user 
>at this particular email address and from this particular address 
>before, and then if not, have them change a setting that they don't 
>even understand.

Senders don't *need* to change anything, depending on how the system is 
implemented and how the recipient sets things up.  It's possible to handle 
*everything* that's truly required from the sender's end.

(Indeed, you don't even HAVE to involve the ISP, although the Net-wide costs are 
less if you truncate the unwanted mail earlier in the transmission path).

>And all to bring about a change that spammers can adapt to in less 
>than a week.  

Changing to plain ASCII text E-mail will get the mail past THAT level, but it 
will (again) deny them the great majority of their most cherished tricks, AND 
make their stuff more readily filtered by content filters.  It makes it harder 
for spammers to confuse, deceive, and trick their victims.  So even when 
spammers "adapt", they _never_ get back to what they had before.

>Because you know what?  They didn't need HTML to sell 2 
>million Iraqi most-wanted cards in two weeks.  They didn't need HTML 
>to con people into flying to Nigeria and getting killed.  And they 
>certainly don't need it to sell penis expanders.

No, and you know what?  Any SINGLE person can send any SINGLE fraudulent offer 
to ANYBODY for ANY reason, and there's damned little ANYBODY can do to prevent 
that.  (Hell, your brother-in-law could convince you to buy his lemon of a used 
car, too).  There's no substitute, ultimately, for being intelligent and not 
getting screwed in a bad deal.  What we're trying to do is to put a crimp in 
their gears, and to make life more difficult for spammers and abusers.

As for those who seem so determined to prevent that from happening... one has to 
wonder what their true agenda actually is, and whose side they're on.

>Sure, it would be wonderful if there were some directory of what 
>formats people would accept, 

Spammers should NOT be able to just look that up, I think.  It makes their life 
easier, and there's little reason for us to do that for them.  :-)

>and if you could easily keep track of 
>whether you've sent mail to someone before, and they could easily 
>keep track of whether they've received mail from you before.  

Again, those things don't really have to be done, either.


Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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At 06:27 PM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

>On Fri, 20 Jun 2003, Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
> >At 03:00 PM 6/20/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> >
> >>
> >>Plain ASCII text will continue to be delivered as before.
> >>[..]

Gordon,

You have mentioned before that even if only ASCII spam is being delivered 
that will reduce the overall bandwidth consumer. HOWEVER, that will not 
reduce the total number of spam items in someone's inbox. Another words, 
while it will accomplish something for the ISPs, it will have no effect on 
the end-users - the same number of spam items would have to be deleted from 
inboxes everyday.

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  


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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 23:03:57 -0400

At 10:43 AM 6/21/2003 +0100, Jon Kyme wrote:

> > Foreign ISPs, allowing for spam are also
> > a
> > problem.
>
>"Foreign"? What does that mean?

Offshore, not in countries willing to cooperate - ie. China. 


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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 23:45:39 -0400

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 07:33:49PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote

> We've seen various blacklists. I consider them a mostly bad idea,
> perhaps of some use to individuals, but it's something we should
> all be familiar with.
> 
> Some of the more notorious black lists actively scanned the net
> with software for systems which fit their notion of "open relays"
> and would add these to the net as a hazard.
> 
> Now, would it be possible to scan similarly for systems infected
> with Jeem or one of the other spammer slave bugs?

  This would have to be at least partially a legislative solution.
Let's just say that anybody scanning large portions of the net raises
eyebrows, and is reason for termination at many ISPs.

> What would we do with that information?
> 
> That's probably not necessary to answer, unless someone doubts
> anything good could be done. But, for example, inform the owner,
> an ISP might quarantine or mail rate-limit a known infected computer
> until it's fixed, block it entirely (from mail, from everything), etc.

  From postings I've seen on nanae (news.admin.net-abuse.email), when
some large outfits are provided with headers of virus emails day-in,
day-out from certain IP addresses, they don't seem very active in
getting the customer off the net.

> Anyhow, this all starts with whether it's possible to write a piece
> of software which begins to scan the net for infected systems?

  The problem so far is that people take virus/trojan compromises too
lightly.  That's because the compromises go out of their way not to be
noticed.  The trojan sends out a bunch of spams from your machine while
you're sleeping.  The typical end-user reaction is "so what?".  Maybe
governments need to do a "Hatch-job" (senator from Utah?).

  Notice that almost all viruses/trojans are "intelligent parasites"
that don't eat up enough resources to kill their hosts.  What we need is
for governments to authorize law-enforcement agencies to release viruses
("Killer-V's") that low-level unformat harddrives, and flash BIOSes with
garbage for good measure so that you can't just slap in the install CD
and have the same crap reconnected to the net 3 hours later.

  The people whose machines are susceptable to viruses/worms which set
up zombies for spammers and DDOS attacks will get knocked off the net.
The people whose machines are immune to the killer virus will tend to
also be immune to being used as zombies for spammers and DDOS attacks.
And the net will be a much better place for those that remain.

> Maybe we should also issue an RFC that simply says that the days of
> computer, including personal and desktop computer, operating systems
> being vulnerable to viruses (within some problem definition) should
> have been over years ago via widely distributed and well-known
> techniques utilized in highly successful and comparable operating
> systems software.

  An RFC means nothing if it isn't enforced.  You almost need an
"internet driver's licence" or a "Killer-V" to get the problems off the
net.

> For the love of money, XP and Windows/ME (and all earlier MS windows)
> are both vulnerable to Jeem, sobig.a, and Proxy-Guzu, some of the more
> cited viruses used in this sort of spamming.
> 
> And, in all cases, according to Symantec's database:
> 
>   Systems Not Affected: Macintosh, OS/2, UNIX, Linux

  I've used DOS and OS/2 and linux and Windows.  As a current linux
user, I know its warts as well as its beauty.  I think that any
sufficiently powerful server OS in the hands of a newbie is asking for
trouble.

  - Windows' problems stem from its origins as a LAN-based system.  The
idea was "wouldn't it be cool if the admin could send an executable
email that would cause subscribers' machines to auto-update on reading
the email?".  That is a godsend for admins running an office LAN.
Connect that same OS to the internet, and you have major security
problems.

  - linux is a unix-clone.  Until approximately version 6.2, Redhat came
with a "workstation" install that had sendmail wide-open for relay, and
portmap and a whole bunch of other services listening to the internet.
It was only a few years ago that Lion and Ramen were driving linux users
nuts.  And don't get me started on wu-ftp.  At first, it didn't matter.
The linux install was so damn hard that if you were cluefull enough to
get it installed and connected to the net, you were cluefull enough to
do it right.  Even today, the first thing I do with a fresh linux
install is "netstat -tupan" and see what services I have to shut down.
Oh yeah, I do this *BEFORE* the first connection to the net.  It was
only whem the install was automated to the point where the clueless could
point-and-click their way through it, that the problems became obvious.

  - The MAC's original niche was desktop publishing.  There wasn't a
need to have scripted emails auto-update the system, or for the machine
to come with server daemons running under the default install.  For a
newbie whose major concern is finding the "any key", the MAC is probably
the most secure choice.

  The problem is due in large part to newbies.  20 years ago, only
sysadmins who knew what they were doing ran machines connected to the
internet 24X7.  Today, any fool can do so... and many do.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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Date: Sat, 21 Jun 2003 23:52:52 -0400

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 05:51:01PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote

> Yes, replacing all MS windows operating systems on all computers
> attached to the net with either Unix or a modern unix-like operating
> system (Linux, Mac OSX) would eliminate about 99% of the spam and put
> virtually all spammers out of business instantly.

  And my boss thinks I'm a linux zealot, sheesh.  The newbies *WILL*
find ways to screw up.  Or don't you remember what happened when some
idiots set up every school in South Korea with sendmail wide-open for
relaying ?  And if Windows disappears, the dumbkopf who wrote AnalogX
will probably port it to linux with the same brain-dead wide-open
defaults.  It's not the OS behind the computer, it's the nut behind the
keyboard that's the problem.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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To: gep2@terabites.com, Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] "more readable"
Cc: Asrg@ietf.org
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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 00:27:13 -0400

At 08:54 PM 6/21/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

>On Sat, 21 Jun 2003, Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com> wrote:
> >At 6:12 PM -0500 6/20/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> >>I think you ought to let the READER be the judge of what the READER 
> finds the
> >>most readable... based on THEIR screen, THEIR vision, THEIR color 
> preferences,
> >>THEIR screen resolution, etc etc.
> >
> >This battle was fought and lost with HTML web sites.  Why do you
> >think you'll have any more luck winning it with email?
>[..]
>
> >And all to bring about a change that spammers can adapt to in less
> >than a week.
>
>Changing to plain ASCII text E-mail will get the mail past THAT level, but it
>will (again) deny them the great majority of their most cherished tricks, AND
>make their stuff more readily filtered by content filters.  It makes it 
>harder
>for spammers to confuse, deceive, and trick their victims.  So even when
>spammers "adapt", they _never_ get back to what they had before.

Keep in mind that while you reducing these things, nevertheless in the end 
of the day there is still the same number of emails in the user's email inbox.

>  [..] What we're trying to do is to put a crimp in
>their gears, and to make life more difficult for spammers and abusers.
>
>As for those who seem so determined to prevent that from happening... one 
>has to
>wonder what their true agenda actually is, and whose side they're on.
>[..]

There is no reason to get personal, we are all fighting the same enemy and 
are all on the same side.

Yakov  


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail
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References: <5.2.0.9.2.20030619221022.00b6acf8@std5.imagineis.com> <B0000024113@nts1.terabites.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030620112525.00bbc198@std5.imagineis.com>
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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 00:38:52 -0400

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 11:29:18AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote

> I believe someone on the list has stated that spammers are monitoring
> the working group and in the last 60 days there have been significant
> changes in spam based on our discussions here. When I mean that they
> will switch to plain ASCII, I was not talking about on the order of
> years, rather DAYS or WEEKS. By the time you can implement base64
> blocking, spammers will already be using plain ASCII. All you will
> do is irritate lots of users.
> 
> >    1)  Their spam will be less effective;
> 
> How?

  Let me count the ways...

  1) Link obfuscation.  from a spam I received today...

=======================================================
<P align="left">Dear eBay member, <br>
  As part of our continuing commitment to protect your account and to
reduce the  instance of fraud on our website, we are undertaking a
period review of our
  member accounts. <br>
  You are requested to visit our site by following the link given below
<br>
  <a target="newwin" href="http://81.180.59.10/index.htm">
                           *******************
                           *******************
http://arribba.cgi3.ebay.com/aw-cgi/ebayISAPI.dll?UpdateInformationConfirm&amp;bpuser=1</a><br>
  <br>
  Please fill in the required information. <br>
=======================================================

  The IP address is somewhere in Romania.  The HTML makes it look like
you're going to "ebay.com", which you're not.  I don't have an ebay
account, so it's even more obvious.

  2) Web bugs.  Confirm that emails are being read *WITHOUT THE END-USER
CLICKING ON ANYTHING*.  Nuff said.

  3) Obfuscated javascript that attempts to hide from end-users what's
actually happening.  Nobody but a spammer or other bad guy needs this
"functionality".

  4) I've seen spam that attempts to load F**kwave/Slash graphics from a
website.  And if you don't have the uptodate version, it also attempts
to *INSTALL THE LATEST VERSION*.  Just what a dialup user needs; NOT!

  5) You can open email from strangers without first glancing over your
shoulder to check whether your (female) boss is in the general vicinity.

  6) "IFRAME" is an HTML "feature".  It is used by KLEZ to *AUTO-EXECUTE*
when a victim *MERELY OPENS AN EMAIL*.  They do *NOT* have to click on
an attachment.  Guess which OS and which mailreader.  Yes, this was
fixed in a patch, but the patch doesn't seem to have been universally
applied.

> >    2)  their spam will be more easily dealt with by content filters;
> 
> How? Spammers send HTML encoded mail on the assumption that the MUAs
> are able to parse it.

  7) And they also break up "key" words wi<!-- -->th com<!-- -->ents,
like so, to prevent SpamAssasin from parsing them.  But HTML-enabled
MUAs ignore the comments, and serve up the "dirty" words that filters
miss with this obfuscation.

  All of the above "functionality" is *NOT* available in text-only email.
Sob, sob, boo hoo.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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>>>>>Plain ASCII text will continue to be delivered as before.

>>You have mentioned before that even if only ASCII spam is being delivered 
>that will reduce the overall bandwidth consumer. HOWEVER, that will not 
>reduce the total number of spam items in someone's inbox. 

First, people's inbox capacity is never (in my experience) limited by number of 
messages... always by number of megabytes.

Second, if spammers are unable to pull a lot of the tricks and deceptions that 
they do at present, I believe that a lot of spam that presently "works" 
economically will no longer be viable.

>Another words, while it will accomplish something for the ISPs, it will have no 
effect on the end-users - 

I *absolutely* disagree:

  1)  Their ISP-provided inboxes will not overflow so readily due to unwanted 
spam;

  2)  Usually the "narrow" pipe in terms of bandwidth is coming into the 
end-user, and reducing that volume will mean that wasted download time 
(especially for dialup customers) will be greatly reduced.

  3)  Many of the most annoying tricks and deceptions used by spammers won't be 
usable anymore... meaning that the spam that DOES arrive will be less likely to 
confuse or trap the unwary.  (Also, many of those deceptions and obfuscations 
attempt to make it harder to find the right place to complain to about the 
spam... so user complaints are more likely to be more effective)

  4)  The residual spam which still arrives will be more readily filtered by 
content filters (perhaps at the end-user's system).

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] "more readable"
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>, gep2@terabites.com,
        Kee
	Hinckley
	<nazgul@somewhere.com>
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>>Changing to plain ASCII text E-mail will get the mail past THAT level, but it
>>will (again) deny them the great majority of their most cherished tricks, AND
>>make their stuff more readily filtered by content filters.  It makes it 
>>harder
>>for spammers to confuse, deceive, and trick their victims.  So even when
>>spammers "adapt", they _never_ get back to what they had before.

>Keep in mind that while you reducing these things, nevertheless in the end 
>of the day there is still the same number of emails in the user's email inbox.

Again, I disagree.

First, the fact that spammers wouldn't be able to do "text as image" (etc) means 
that content scanners can be significantly more effective, catching a (much) 
higher percentage of spam.

Second, the fact that the resulting spam is less likely to produce "success" for 
the spammers probably will make a lot of today's spam no longer interesting for 
the spammers economically.  I expect that to reduce the quantity of spams (or at 
least reduce the growth rate!), too.

>>  [..] What we're trying to do is to put a crimp in
>>their gears, and to make life more difficult for spammers and abusers.
>>
>>As for those who seem so determined to prevent that from happening... one 
>>has to
>>wonder what their true agenda actually is, and whose side they're on.

>There is no reason to get personal, 

I didn't name any names.  But if the shoe fits....

> ...we are all fighting the same enemy and are all on the same side.

If EVERYONE was on the same side, spam wouldn't be the problem it is.  It's 
already been pointed out that spammers seem to be among the participants 
(lurking, at least) here... it's not a terribly hard leap to imagine that not 
all of them are passive lurkers, and that some of them are trying to create 
confusion, discord, and to try to block or delay any kind of positive outcome 
that would seriously impact their business.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>> I think you ought to let the READER be the judge of 
>> what the READER finds the most readable... based on 
>> THEIR screen, THEIR vision, THEIR color preferences, 
>> THEIR screen resolution, etc etc.

>	Argh... I first had this debate over 20 years ago... It is one
>of the classic issues in email... I really don't want to drag through
>all the detail which would involve endless quotes from Aristotle on the
>subject of rhetoric, etc... However, in "classic" communication systems,
>the *speaker* is responsible for constructing communications in a form
>which is most likely to be understood by his audience. Electronic
>communications adds a twist to things, very different from traditional
>forms of communications, in that the reader is able to reformat the
>"utterance" upon receipt. Nonetheless, the speaker still has
>responsibility to do the best he can in forming his utterances...

And the reader or listener, if they don't like the form that the speaker has 
chosen to impose, has the absolute right to walk off or to refuse to listen.

Or, in the case of E-mail, to refuse delivery of E-mail that the recipient 
judges to be excessively bulky or otherwise unwanted, for any reason that makes 
sense to the recipient.

A successful speaker, who presumably wishes to be heard by as many people as 
possible, thus ought to accommodate as many recipients as they can.

>	There is a long set of arguments that would say that properly
>formatted HTML would be the best form in which to construct a message

And if the recipient agrees, they'll probably set their permissions list to 
allow that style of sending.  :-)

In my case (at present at least) my incoming mail filtering system simply (among 
its many other functions!) eliminates all HTML-burdened alternative attachments, 
and if the main body of the message is HTML-burdened then the body is either 
truncated entirely or else the great majority of the HTML tags are entirely 
removed.  [I'm not proposing that as a more general solution for Net-wide 
adoption, but it has been working fairly well for me here.]

> >since the recipient of the message can alter the presentation to adjust
>to his own preferences. Thus, a message should be formatted with "<em>"
tags (not "<b>" tags) and the reader will choose how he prefers to see
emphasis rendered in response to the speakers indication that emphasis
be shown. If all messages are sent in ASCII, then the reader has less
control over the message content than if messages are sent in HTML. 

Again if the reader agrees with you (and finds that the extra bulk and risk of 
HTML is less annoying than the utility to them) then they'll have the option of 
allowing HTML to come through, from anyone they trust and/or even 'everybody'.

The choice OUGHT to belong to the person paying the bill, which in this case is 
usually the RECIPIENT rather than the sender.

> It should not be forgotten that the reader has the option, given
appropriate software, to take an HTML message and have it formatted as
pure ASCII... Lynx based HTML browsers have been doing that for a very
long time...

Yes, although it first must be delivered to them (including occupying space for 
however long in the user's ISP-provided Inbox, and consuming bandwidth of their 
perhaps-dialup connection (particularly annoying for overseas users who often 
pay by the minute for their local calls to connect to their ISP... so it's not 
only just TIME, it's also REAL MONEY too).


> I think the real issue here is not the sending of HTML, but
rather, the fact that most reader's email systems can't be trusted to
display HTML without risks. 

You're ignoring the extra cost (bulk/bandwidth) all the way along the line, too. 
 Typically HTML-burdened E-mail is 3-5x larger than the same exact message 
content in plain ASCII text.

Another BIG issue for some users is how long they can be away from home 
(cruise/vacation/convention/business trip/camping/whatever) and letting their 
E-mail accumulate in their POP3 server(s) before their Inbox overflows and mail 
starts getting bounced.

> We wouldn't be hearing these objections if more readers had systems that had 
the flexibility of web bugs, were better protected against HTML born viruses, 
etc. It isn't HTML that is the problem, it is the software that reads it.

No, in MANY cases it is INDEED the HTML.  But in any case, the users simply need 
an EASY way to express their CHOICE of whether they wish to accept HTML-burdened 
E-mail (or E-mails bearing attachments) from senders from whom they have CHOSEN 
not to accept (or at least NOT chosen to accept) E-mails employing those 
features.

Once the option is available to them, we'd find out soon enough what percentages 
of users choose to keep their acceptance permission list 'how' open, and what 
impact that actually has in real life on the spams (/viruses/worms/trojans) 
arriving in their Inbox, and (eventually) on spams overall, Net-wide.

In any case, it's a cheap and quick thing to try, and is likely to take a 
substantial chunk out of spams, viruses, worms, and trojans.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information...
To: "Yakov Shafranovich"  <research@solidmatrix.com>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
Cc: "ASRG" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 10:26:35 +0100

> At 10:43 AM 6/21/2003 +0100, Jon Kyme wrote:
> 
> 
> > > Foreign ISPs, allowing for spam are also
> > > a
> > > problem.
> >
> >"Foreign"? What does that mean?
> 
> Offshore, not in countries willing to cooperate - ie. China. 
> 
> 
> 

For what it's worth, most spam I receive is advertising products and
services
which seem to be based in the USA. So yes, given that I'm domiciled in the
UK, I'd call that "Foreign".








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Subject: Re: [Asrg] HTML-burdened unsolicited mail
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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 13:39:35 +0200


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On 2003-06-19 18:31:58 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> > There are many clear indicators that large numbers of people like to bo=
th send=20
> > and receive HTML formatted messages.=20
>=20
> I don't think that's true at all, and in particular not for people who re=
alize=20
> the implications of it.

When we replaced Netscape 4 with Mozilla as the default MUA, we disabled
the HTML editor at the explicit request of some users. So far only one
user has complained.

> >	As far back as 1981, when I first started selling one of the
> > first "corporate" email systems, Digital's ALL-IN-1 office, customers
> > were asking for and often demanding "rich text" or "high quality" email
> > messaging capabilities.=20
>=20
> If they want "high quality" e-mail there are a whole variety of options, =
going=20
> well beyond HTML.  One is to send .DOC files (which can be read with free=
ware=20
> viewers), another is Adobe PDF files.=20

These options are way worse than HTML. HTML is simple to render, mostly
device-independent (I can view an HTML file just fine in an 80x25
terminal window, and I could also view it on a palm without much loss of
quality). Word documents are proprietary, and I don't know any program
which can display them reliably except MS Word (and then only the same
version which was used to write it). PDF files assume a fixed page
layout: My 21" monitor is capable of displaying a whole A4 page in a
readble font size. a 17" monitor usually isnt, and a palmtop doesn't
stand a chance. Also, Word and PDF generally are a lot larger (even
though HTML produced by editors is often extremely bloated).

Also, an HTML renderer as a separate program can be small and fast. I
use w3m for HTML to text conversion, and it is usually so fast I don't
even notice that I'm not reading a text mail. Invoking Star Office or
Acroread takes several seconds, and it opens in a separate window, which
is annoying (even more so if I am logged in remotely, and the X11
connection is going over an SSH tunnel over a 768 kbit/s leased line
(and that's fast - I used a 33.6 modem until not too long ago)).

I agree fully, that HTML is usually unnecessary and has little benefit
over plain text, but suggesting the use of Word or PDF instead of it is
replace one evil with an worse one.

> In any case, such mail does not have to=20
> be sent from unknown/untrusted/unfamiliar senders.

ACK.

> And if they REALLY WANT to use HTML, another approach without most of the=
 bulk=20
> is to put it up on a Web server (using an 'unguessable' URL) and E-mail (=
as=20
> plain ASCII text) the URL to the intended recipient.

For normal mail, I think that's a really stupid idea. (It goes a bit
into the direction of message/external-body or Bernstein's IM, but
without automatic retrieval by the MUA, that's a sure way to get your
e-Mail ignored). It is feasible if the document at the URL meaningful
outside of the context of the email (Like: "I wrote up the minutes of
the last meeting. You can find them at $url").

	hp

--=20
   _  | Peter J. Holzer    | Latein ist das humanoide =C4quivalent
|_|_) | Sysadmin WSR       | zu Fortran.
| |   | hjp@hjp.at         |
__/   | http://www.hjp.at/ |    -- Alexander Bartolich in at.linux

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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information... 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 20 Jun 2003 17:35:09 EDT."
             <16115.32269.783632.400725@world.std.com> 
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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 09:16:11 -0400

Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> wrote:
> Virtually all proposals here imply a legal aspect. For example, RMX
> implies prevention of identity fraud, a crime.

  ... in some jurisdictions.  RMX is more about establishing a consent
framework for use of a domain name, than of preventing legal "fraud".

>  RMX (and related) is always proposed as a way to thwart those who
> are trying to fraudulently identify themselves as having some
> affiliation with another, usually readily recognizable,
> institution. That's illegal,

  ... again, in some jurisdictions.

  Let's remember: the entire world doesn't have the same laws as your
local area.

> What we haven't seemed to converge on is what is the root of the
> problem, where are efforts best expended, etc. Even if some are
> anxious to just get on with proposed solutions lacking any foundation
> in reality.

  Ah, so the people proposing solutions are incompetent and/or
ignorant.  That's a pretty wide brush you've got there.

> Yet those aspects get virtually all the attention here, primarily
> because they're easily understood by dabblers who haven't really come
> to understand the problem and believe they can work entirely from two
> pieces of information: what spam messages usually look like, and some
> mental model of how SMTP works.

  Again, you claim that people proposing solutions are incompetent.

  I find it *very* instructive, Barry, that while you've repeated
claimed we should be working towards "weapons of mass destruction" to
fight spam, and you've insulted and put down anyone proposing a
solution; in turn, you have proposed *nothing*.

  Your entire position, then, is that you have zero contributions to
getting anything done, and that you stand in frank opposition to
anyone else getting anything done.


  I'll be honest here, and admit my actions in this group haven't been
above board.  My support of RMX was not out of an honest belief that
it would solve all of the spam problems.  Instead, my support of a
proposal (ANY proposal) was to see what kind of crazies it would pull
out of the woodwork.

  So far as that goal goes, my support of RMX has succeeded beyond my
wildest dreams.

> The problem is how spammers amplify their distribution channels while
> keeping costs nearly at zero. Without this, they would virtually cease
> to exist.

  A significant percentage of the spam to my domain has North American
content, but comes from IP's in China.  My contacts at the Chinese
embassy say that they've looked into it, and the spam problem isn't on
the governments radar.

  So far as "weapons of mass destruction" to fight spam go, the one
with the single largest effect would be to get the government of China
to crack down on spammers.  That involves political-layer discussions,
which are outside of the scope of this group.

  What *is* in scope for this group is collecting the data to prove
that a large percentage of world-wide spam originates in China.  But
in keeping with the traditions of ASRG, there has been significant
opposition to any proposal to collect such data.

  Alan DeKok.

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On Friday, Jun 20, 2003, at 18:21 US/Eastern, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> I'm just offering a modest proposal... that
> unsolicited, first-contact E-mail be restricted BY DEFAULT from 
> containing HTML,
> attachments, and encoding... and that those restrictions can be 
> subsequently
> lifted by the recipients for senders of their choice.  Control, cost
> containment, choice, and responsibility.

Well, you've proposed it, and you're free to go on proposing it. But it 
seems to me that the consensus on this list is that your proposal won't 
work outside of a few fairly narrow social circles.

Also, your proposal does not need any changes to be made for it to be 
implemented today. Anyone who wishes to do so can block HTML e-mail. 
Most mail clients with reasonable filtering facilities can block HTML 
e-mail from unknown senders. If you feel it's a technique that deserves 
more popularity, I suggest you write some user-friendly software to 
implement it for users who wish to do so.

The same goes for file attachments. In fact, I got so sick of being 
sent Windows viruses and worms that I already block all file 
attachments that might possibly contain Windows-executable content, 
including HTML attachments, Office documents and PIF files. I do this 
not because those things are any danger to my system, but because 
they're a 100% indicator of spam *for me*. However, I have no illusions 
that recommending that Office documents be bounced would *ever* be an 
acceptable solution for the Internet in general.

So to summarize: You have an idea, people are already doing it, for 
some people it works well, for most people it doesn't, it needs no 
changes in any software anywhere, it has zero chance of being an 
acceptable recommendation for the Internet in general, and even if we 
did recommend it users wouldn't obey the recommendation any more than 
they obey the RFCs when quoting URLs.

So I conclude that there's really not much to discuss. So let's just 
stop, OK?


mathew


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On Saturday, Jun 21, 2003, at 13:46 US/Eastern, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> The current practice of bloating mail by 10X encoding with a 
> text/plain version and a visibly identical text/html version is nasty, 
> bad, and incompetent.

Yes, but it's also totally outside the purview of the ASRG, unless you 
think it is in some way an important enabler of spam.

I wholeheartedly agree that unnecessary use of HTML in e-mail is 
stupid. I completely concur that HTML e-mail is generally a waste of 
bandwidth. However, as far as I can see these arguments over how 
technically awful HTML e-mail is are irrelevant to this list, because 
it's not going away and even if it did spam would just go back to being 
plain text.

(In fact, all the spam that's made it through my filters this week has 
been plain text.)


mathew


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"behaviour" solutions to spam problem seldom works because spammer will 
quickly adapt and change their "behaviour".

For example,

We can filter keywords, and spammer will avoid using those keywords. We 
can do IP blacklist, and spammer will avoid using those blacklist. We 
can ban HTML and spammer will start using plain text. etc etc.

So, either you have an adaptive (and thus fuzzy) solution or we need to 
think out of box.

-James Seng

Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> On 2003-06-19 18:31:58 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> 
>>>There are many clear indicators that large numbers of people like to both send 
>>>and receive HTML formatted messages. 
>>
>>I don't think that's true at all, and in particular not for people who realize 
>>the implications of it.
> 
> 
> When we replaced Netscape 4 with Mozilla as the default MUA, we disabled
> the HTML editor at the explicit request of some users. So far only one
> user has complained.
> 
> 
>>>	As far back as 1981, when I first started selling one of the
>>>first "corporate" email systems, Digital's ALL-IN-1 office, customers
>>>were asking for and often demanding "rich text" or "high quality" email
>>>messaging capabilities. 
>>
>>If they want "high quality" e-mail there are a whole variety of options, going 
>>well beyond HTML.  One is to send .DOC files (which can be read with freeware 
>>viewers), another is Adobe PDF files. 
> 
> 
> These options are way worse than HTML. HTML is simple to render, mostly
> device-independent (I can view an HTML file just fine in an 80x25
> terminal window, and I could also view it on a palm without much loss of
> quality). Word documents are proprietary, and I don't know any program
> which can display them reliably except MS Word (and then only the same
> version which was used to write it). PDF files assume a fixed page
> layout: My 21" monitor is capable of displaying a whole A4 page in a
> readble font size. a 17" monitor usually isnt, and a palmtop doesn't
> stand a chance. Also, Word and PDF generally are a lot larger (even
> though HTML produced by editors is often extremely bloated).
> 
> Also, an HTML renderer as a separate program can be small and fast. I
> use w3m for HTML to text conversion, and it is usually so fast I don't
> even notice that I'm not reading a text mail. Invoking Star Office or
> Acroread takes several seconds, and it opens in a separate window, which
> is annoying (even more so if I am logged in remotely, and the X11
> connection is going over an SSH tunnel over a 768 kbit/s leased line
> (and that's fast - I used a 33.6 modem until not too long ago)).
> 
> I agree fully, that HTML is usually unnecessary and has little benefit
> over plain text, but suggesting the use of Word or PDF instead of it is
> replace one evil with an worse one.
> 
> 
>>In any case, such mail does not have to 
>>be sent from unknown/untrusted/unfamiliar senders.
> 
> 
> ACK.
> 
> 
>>And if they REALLY WANT to use HTML, another approach without most of the bulk 
>>is to put it up on a Web server (using an 'unguessable' URL) and E-mail (as 
>>plain ASCII text) the URL to the intended recipient.
> 
> 
> For normal mail, I think that's a really stupid idea. (It goes a bit
> into the direction of message/external-body or Bernstein's IM, but
> without automatic retrieval by the MUA, that's a sure way to get your
> e-Mail ignored). It is feasible if the document at the URL meaningful
> outside of the context of the email (Like: "I wrote up the minutes of
> the last meeting. You can find them at $url").
> 
> 	hp
> 


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"behaviour" solutions to spam problem seldom works because spammer will 
quickly adapt and change their "behaviour".

For example,

We can filter keywords, and spammer will avoid using those keywords. We 
can do IP blacklist, and spammer will avoid using those blacklist. We 
can ban HTML and spammer will start using plain text. etc etc.

So, either you have an adaptive (and thus fuzzy) solution or we need to 
think out of box.

-James Seng

Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> On 2003-06-19 18:31:58 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> 
>>>There are many clear indicators that large numbers of people like to both send 
>>>and receive HTML formatted messages. 
>>
>>I don't think that's true at all, and in particular not for people who realize 
>>the implications of it.
> 
> 
> When we replaced Netscape 4 with Mozilla as the default MUA, we disabled
> the HTML editor at the explicit request of some users. So far only one
> user has complained.
> 
> 
>>>	As far back as 1981, when I first started selling one of the
>>>first "corporate" email systems, Digital's ALL-IN-1 office, customers
>>>were asking for and often demanding "rich text" or "high quality" email
>>>messaging capabilities. 
>>
>>If they want "high quality" e-mail there are a whole variety of options, going 
>>well beyond HTML.  One is to send .DOC files (which can be read with freeware 
>>viewers), another is Adobe PDF files. 
> 
> 
> These options are way worse than HTML. HTML is simple to render, mostly
> device-independent (I can view an HTML file just fine in an 80x25
> terminal window, and I could also view it on a palm without much loss of
> quality). Word documents are proprietary, and I don't know any program
> which can display them reliably except MS Word (and then only the same
> version which was used to write it). PDF files assume a fixed page
> layout: My 21" monitor is capable of displaying a whole A4 page in a
> readble font size. a 17" monitor usually isnt, and a palmtop doesn't
> stand a chance. Also, Word and PDF generally are a lot larger (even
> though HTML produced by editors is often extremely bloated).
> 
> Also, an HTML renderer as a separate program can be small and fast. I
> use w3m for HTML to text conversion, and it is usually so fast I don't
> even notice that I'm not reading a text mail. Invoking Star Office or
> Acroread takes several seconds, and it opens in a separate window, which
> is annoying (even more so if I am logged in remotely, and the X11
> connection is going over an SSH tunnel over a 768 kbit/s leased line
> (and that's fast - I used a 33.6 modem until not too long ago)).
> 
> I agree fully, that HTML is usually unnecessary and has little benefit
> over plain text, but suggesting the use of Word or PDF instead of it is
> replace one evil with an worse one.
> 
> 
>>In any case, such mail does not have to 
>>be sent from unknown/untrusted/unfamiliar senders.
> 
> 
> ACK.
> 
> 
>>And if they REALLY WANT to use HTML, another approach without most of the bulk 
>>is to put it up on a Web server (using an 'unguessable' URL) and E-mail (as 
>>plain ASCII text) the URL to the intended recipient.
> 
> 
> For normal mail, I think that's a really stupid idea. (It goes a bit
> into the direction of message/external-body or Bernstein's IM, but
> without automatic retrieval by the MUA, that's a sure way to get your
> e-Mail ignored). It is feasible if the document at the URL meaningful
> outside of the context of the email (Like: "I wrote up the minutes of
> the last meeting. You can find them at $url").
> 
> 	hp
> 



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>>>HTML is not, and has never been, a precise or deterministic page layout

>>>Fax by its nature is an IMAGE.  HTML is NOT an image, nor is it a page

>>>They can do that using Adobe Acrobat, Word, TeX, and various other 
>>kinds of page composition languages.  HTML is NOT like any of those.

>>Quite right.  There are all perfectly valid technical arguments.  And 
>of course those tools are all available to users.  Why do you suppose 
>they use HTML instead?  It's the easiest tool.  It's builtin to the 
>mail program.  So they use it.  They don't care whether it sends 
>html, postscript or word underneath.  It's what they have.

Generally, they don't have the slightest clue what the implications are of 
turning the feature on, in part because THEIR E-mail program hides the extra 
bulk and "ugliness" from them.  While in some situations, software SHOULD hide 
the 'inner workings'... there's also the danger that sometimes (as in this case) 
one gets an arrogance based on ignorance... rather like Marie Antoinette, who 
was so insulated from the day-to-day issues her subjects endured that when told 
they had no bread, cavalierly and in ignorance replied, "let them eat cake!"

Anyhow, it's one thing to REALIZE AND UNDERSTAND that many users are ignorant.  
It's another thing to go out of our way to continue and nurture that ignorance.

Personally, I think that most users are educable.  We ought to give them the 
information they need to make good choices.

But in EITHER case, it's not at all unreasonable to offer the tools to the less 
ignorant to protect them from the carelessness and thoughtlessness of the more 
ignorant.

[E-mail as opposed to Web sites]

>>not ONLY about what just ONE of them wants.  To be useful, it must 
>>be useful and
>>correspond with the needs and wishes of BOTH of those parties.

>That would be nice, but it is by no means a requirement.

Sure, but there's likewise NO requirement that the recipient has to read or 
listen to a sender or speaker, either.  They need to have the right (and tools) 
to allow them to simply "turn off" the offending speaker or sender.

>>That is not a key part of my proposal, although if it's only just a matter of
>>destination/origin name pairs I would suggest that "keeping track" of every
>>correspondent you've exchanged mail with represents a terribly small 
>>database by
>>today's standards (and that doesn't necessarily need to be on your 
>>own machine,
>>it could well be at your ISP or domain provider).

>And when I change ISPs and everyone's email to me bounces?

First off, only mail violating your stated permissions bounces (as it should).

Presumably your system could maintain (or download) a (local copy?) list of your 
own permissions for each of your known/trusted senders.  When moving to a new 
ISP, presuming that they offer a similar permissions list feature, you could 
upload your permissions list to "seed" the new ISP's filters.  Of course, if the 
new ISP doesn't offer such a feature, you'll probably start getting more and 
larger spam/viruses/trojans again.  :-((

>Or when RIAA comes calling and asks for a list of everyone I may have 
>sent an MP3 to?  

Anybody can ask for anything they like.  Doesn't mean you have to give it to 
them.  

If they get a court order allowing them to seize and examine your computer 
(and/or the mail logs from your ISP) then there's probably a lot more evidence 
of any guilt (or innocence) than just your mail permissions.  (So that's really 
a bogus point.)

...(which probably wouldn't indicate, anyhow, what TYPE of attachments you'd 
allowed!  although one could certainly imagine a proposed extension to the 
permissions list where one could specify that a given sender could send only 
certain ALLOWED attachment extensions... say, GIF/JPG only... and that 
executable extension types attachments could only be received from an even 
smaller subset of your corresponding senders.)

> No thank you.  I'd rather have the spam.

That should certainly be one of the choices open to you, as the recipient.

Honeypot mailboxes, for example, will want to receive EVERY spam message they 
can.

>>I think that just about everything we have been proposing represents at least
>>SOME kind of change, AT LEAST at the ISP level.  One big advantage of what I
>>propose is that it can be implemented at a *single* ISP (indeed, even at a
>>single *recipient*) and virtually immediately yield a very substantial
>>improvement.

>Read the example scenario someone gave to your proposal.  

I haven't seen it yet (I'm running digest mode on this list), but I'm sure I 
will.  But I'll go ahead and respond to it here.

>You mother bounces email from your aunt.  

First of all, since she presumably has had an ongoing correspondence with the 
aunt, she probably already has the appropriate permissions set, so that the 
aunt's mail doesn't bounce.

>The mail to your aunt (with the latest 
>pictures of the grandkids) didn't get through.  The instructions tell 
>her not to send HTML the first time.  She doesn't know what that 
>means (trust me, I've tried to explain the situation to *lots* of 
>email users).  

If the accompanying instructions (whether in the return E-mail, or in the 
suggested Web site it contains a URL pointer to) is good enough, then most 
people will be able to understand and deal with the problem.

> She calls up your mother.  She can't help, 

But she CAN, since if aunt calls mother, it would be a SIMPLE matter for mother 
to set aunt's permissions to allow sending mother the desired attachment.  End 
of problem... simple, quick, straightforward.  

>she calls her ISP.  Her ISP explains the problem, she tells them to stop 
>blocking HTML.  You've increased customer support costs, and haven't 
>reduced spam.

Talk about a leap of logic.

Permissions lists are CERTAINLY not going to be routinely maintained by 
telephone calls to customer support at the ISP.  

You're talking about costs to the ISP, and I'll point out that *none* of the 
proposals I've seen here (spf, et al)... other than mine... have been about 
significantly reducing overall bandwidth costs to the ISP.  What everyone seems 
to think appropriate is adding additional layers of overhead to SMTP, DNS, etc 
etc.  which ONLY increases total bandwidth used.  

Besides, as I think I've made VERY obvious, spam will be DRAMATICALLY reduced 
(at least relative to without it!) by use of my permissions list... certainly in 
terms of bytes per spam (if they abandon use of HTML and associated tricks and 
attachments).  Probably in count as well (deliveries, even if not sendings).  
And in the case where spammers do NOT stop sending HTML-burdened spam, then the 
permissions list ends up either bouncing or t-canning virtually ALL of it.

There is virtually NO rational argument for a situation where the permissions 
list approach would not DRAMATICALLY reduce spam.  Count, or aggregate bytes, 
and probably both.  As a side benefit, the permissions list approach would take 
a HUGE bite out of viruses/worms/trojans, too... which spf et al would almost 
CERTAINLY not achieve.

>Stop thinking bits and networks.  Starting thinking real people on 
>real machines with real customer support problems.  Your solution is 
>not feasible in the real world.

I disagree.  And I've been thinking about "real world" users and problems (and 
solving those problems!) in this business for more than thirty years.

>Viruses were spread before HTML email.  

Right, mostly by attachments (and before that, mostly by bootable floppies or 
infected executables).  HTML (along with ActiveX and such) has merely added a 
further danger.

>Spam was spread before HTML email.  

Right, but HTML has made it FAR more insidious.

I don't think ANYBODY can with a straight face pretend that HTML hasn't been 
increasingly employed by spammers to "trick up" their E-mails to try to evade or 
confuse filters put up to try to defend against it (as well as to try to 
obfuscate the guilty parties, to try to make it harder for most recipients to 
know who they should send their complaints to.)

Even so, I'm not proposing that we ELIMINATE HTML-burdened E-mail (as much as 
many of us more-technical-types might like to see that happen).  I'm saying that 
we should give users the tools to allow them to block its use by UNTRUSTED and 
UNKNOWN senders.  This would undeniably block a GREAT deal of spam, and reduce 
significantly the costs associated with the remainder.

>You offer absolutely no evidence that convinces that removing 
>HTML email would have any impact at all on spammers.  

I'll comment that NOBODY here has offered "proof" that ANYTHING that's been 
proposed here would have "any impact at all" on spammers.

However, I think that there is (even in the absence of "proof") widespread 
agreement among most of us on this list that spammers would either:

  * revert to sending plain ASCII text E-mails (reducing spam size by typically 
70% or more, and making it more readily identifiable by content filtering)

or

  * continue sending HTML-burdened E-mail regardless, in which case it would be 
mostly or entirely blocked due to coming from an "unapproved/unknown/untrusted" 
(on a recipient-by-recipient basis) sender of HTML-burdened E-mails.

I don't see ANY POSSIBLE scenario in which such a "permissions list" approach 
would NOT have an on spammers, their techniques and their methods.  If you CAN 
imagine such a scenario, perhaps you'll share it with us.  :-)

>Would they stop 
>earning money all of a sudden because the spam was plain text?  

It is virtually certain that spam would become less productive for them.  The 
tricks they use to evade filtering and confuse recipients would largely be 
denied to them.  It remains to be seen HOW MUCH less productive spamming will 
have to be in order for many spammers to decide it's not worth it.  

I don't think there's likely to be a single "silver bullet" (or "wooden stake") 
which will put an end to spamming by itself.  It's more likely that Net-employed 
things like my proposed permissions list, combined with some high-profile 
anti-spam wins in the courts, combined with more decisive legislation by the 
relevant jurisdictions, and probably other measures, will all combine to tighten 
the noose around the necks of spammers.  Eventually, more and more of them will 
drop out and decide to take up other professions.

>Would it put them out of business?  $5-6000 a week people were earning on 
>the Iraqi card spam.  

There's a lot of money earned in all manner of illicit professions.  I don't 
think we're going to eliminate organized crime here overnight, either.

>The vast majority of spam you receive has HTML 
>tricks in it to fool the spam filters--not the reader.  

I can send you plenty of examples of other types, if you really want.  But I'm 
sure you've seen them too.

Among them are frauds attempting to steal personal information related to E-bay 
and PayPal accounts by techniques including obfuscated URLs of the sort such as:

 http://www.paypal.com@%nn%nn%nn.%nn%nn%nn%nn%nn.%nn%nn%nn/bogus/stealdata.htm

Presumably, well-written spam filters wouldn't be deceived into thinking that 
paypal was the actual server being connected to.  Those techniques are designed 
to fool the casual observer who DOES take the trouble to look at the actual HTML 
being received, and who doesn't understand what the "@" means.

Other sorts of things include stuff like:

 <a href="http://123.123.123.123/fraud.html">www.ebay.com</a>

I don't know why we even have to discuss stuff like this here.  Most of the 
readers on this list ought to have seen more than enough of these kinds of 
things to understand the problem, and to realize that HTML is a BIG part of the 
problem.

>The fact that the content is HTML is irrelevant.  

ABSOLUTELY *NOT* true.

>Do you really think the average 
>user is going to realize that 
>http://www.microsoft.com@192.168.1.10/foo.html isn't Microsoft, just 
>because they now have to cut and paste it?  

Perhaps not, but at least it gives them the opportunity to LOOK at it, which 
they usually now don't really have.  Clueless users tend to "just click" on 
links and have no idea of what they just did, or where they went.

Each of these things make a little difference.  Together, they can make a BIG 
difference.

>You've shown no benefit, 

Rubbish.

I think that the benefit is substantial and UNDENIABLE.

Probably a BETTER return on investment than ANYTHING else that has been 
discussed here, in fact.

>and substantial software rewrite 

Which software are you talking about that you think would have to be 
"rewritten"?

Indeed, I think that one of the ADVANTAGES of the "permission list" approach is 
that it would have almost NO _requirements_ on "rewriting" basically anything 
else.  The whole point of the permissions lists is that recipients can opt to 
continue receiving ANYTHING AT ALL that they receive at present, with NO changes 
at all required by senders OR in the main E-mail software used by the 
recipients.  (The default, I feel, ought to be 'locked down' in any case.)

Recipients could employ the new spam-and-worm-blocking powers to any degree they 
wished, or not at all.  Their choice.  (Personally, I think that most recipients 
are pissed off enough about spamming that they'll choose to use the filtering 
with a vengeance...)  But we would find out, anyhow, what the percentages are, 
after a few weeks/months/years of having such a system in place.

I *would* hope that AOL and Microsoft would both eventually see the wisdom in 
ceasing the pointless and hugely wasteful sending of HTML-burdened E-mails by 
default.  But the 'permissions list' approach still works fine, even if they 
don't.

>and customer support costs.  

There are substantial "customer support costs" due to spamming, too.  Our goal 
is to reduce the spamming plague.

There will probably be a spike of customer support issues at the BEGINNING of a 
'permissions list' approach, sure.  To some degree, that's inevitable (and will 
probably be true for ANY change we propose AT ALL).  The difference is that it 
will be a SPIKE and people will figure it out, whereas the customer support 
issues regarding spam are otherwise ongoing, and (worse) growing.

>Make a real proposal with real numbers, then it's worth discussing.  

Why are you trying to hold my proposal to a higher standard than any of the 
other proposals discussed here?  Or are they not "worth discussing" here either?

Anyhow, sorry... I don't agree.

>Better yet--convince a single ISP to try it.  

Sounds good to me.  I don't know which if any of them might have folks lurking 
(or participating!) here.  I'd be glad to offer my consulting services to any of 
them, though, who might feel that this would be worth trying (although the idea 
isn't so complicated that most of them couldn't probably implement it easily 
enough with existing inhouse staff).  It's possible that we could "bluesky" 
interesting and worthwhile side things, such as good ways to maintain the 
permissions lists or something.

> Nobody is going to propose it as a standard until it's been proven in action.

  1)  My idea doesn't NEED to be proposed or made "a standard" in order to be 
useful.  That's one of its BIG advantages, in fact... it doesn't REQUIRE a 
network-wide consensus, the way spf and some (many!) other proposals do.

  2)  If something DOES require "a standard" in order to "be proven in action", 
and nobody will propose it as "a standard" until it has been, then it sounds to 
me like we've set up a chicken-and-egg situation which isn't going to get us 
anywhere.

I really do wonder if some of the folks here aren't here with the primary goal 
of tossing spanners into the gearworks of any approach which could make a real 
difference regarding spam.

But getting back to the earlier point, I don't think there's ANY plausible case 
to be made for the contention that widespread adoption of such a "permissions 
list" approach would be totally ignored by spammers, and that it wouldn't have a 
SIGNIFICANT (and negative to them) impact on how they ply their trade.

I think it is similarly damned difficult to make a plausible case for the 
contention that the result (whichever way the spammers move) wouldn't 
significantly reduce spam mail volume.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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> From: mathew <meta@pobox.com>

> ...
> Yes, but it's also totally outside the purview of the ASRG, unless you 
> think it is in some way an important enabler of spam.
>
> I wholeheartedly agree that unnecessary use of HTML in e-mail is 
> stupid. I completely concur that HTML e-mail is generally a waste of 
> bandwidth. However, as far as I can see these arguments over how 
> technically awful HTML e-mail is are irrelevant to this list, because 
> it's not going away and even if it did spam would just go back to being 
> plain text.
>
> (In fact, all the spam that's made it through my filters this week has 
> been plain text.)

How much HTML spam did your filters reject before it got to your mailbox?

If HTML vs. spam spam is off-topic here, then so are all other anti-spam
mechanisms that allow mail among strangers.  They are all much less
then perfect and so by your criteria must be off topic:

  - RMX/etc must be off topic because unsolicited bulk mail can and
     often is sent with completely valid sender information.  Spammers
     need only switch to sending from "bulletproof hosting bureaus"
     to be invulnerable to any sort of reverse DNS mechanism.

  - any form of CR/CRI that involves automated or potentially automated
      (e.g. text only) challenging must be off topic because spammers
      need only have their computers answer the challenges.  Since there
      is no immediate prospect of a computer that can pass a Turing
      test, it is impossible for a coputer to pose a challenge that
      cannot be passed by another computer given sufficient processing,
      including pictures and sounds.  Thus even challenges that are
      intended to be answered only by humans can in principle be
      "scripted."

  - any sort of authentication as a spam defense that still allows
      receiving mail from long lost friends is off-topic, because spammers
      need only buy new, authenticated identities from Verisign or
      other identity vendors as needed.

  - any sort of sender-pays system is off topic because spammers need only
      pay to send it.  Junk postal mail advertisers are willing to spend
      up to $0.50 (US) per target, and that's far more than any proposed
      sender pays system.

  - laws against spam are hopeless because many spammers now
     enthusiastically break existing laws.
      
And so on for absolutely every scheme including blacklisting, graylisting,
Bayesian filtering, keyword filtering, SpamAssassin, and my personal
favorite, the DCC.

Of course it is silly to talk about ISPs or any large organizations
filtering HTML by default.  That does not imply that it would not 
be good and profitable to write a BCP saying (among many other things):

    Filtering HTML mail from strangers is an effect spam defense and
    should be considered a 1%-10% false positive rate can be tolerated.
    Because some individuals and organizations do filter HTML mail
    from strangers, you SHOULD NOT send HTML or mail involving
    unnecessary MIME attachments to strangers.  Like any and all spam
    defenses that allow mail from strangers, filtering HTML mail is
    only partially effective.

As for the talk about MIME attachements--yes, of course digital
signatures are nice, but they're almost always a waste of bandwidth
on mail from strangers.  A 4 KByte signature block in a public mailing
list or in a private message from a stranger is evidence only of the
sender's mistake, ignorance, or egotism.  MIME attachments of supposed
signatures on mail from strangers prove nothing more than the MIME
attachements of supposed PGP signatures on spam.   (I hope (or wish)
anyone who presumes to talk about spam here has enough experence with
spam to have seen plenty of spam with MIME PGP attachements.)

For base64 and quoted-printable--again, how do you expect people in
China to talk to each other if don't allow them to encode their language
in what is still fundamentally a 7-bit ASCII, ANSI x3.-4, transport,
where ASCII stands for "American standard for character information
interchange" and does not even allow the English to talk about their
money?  Besides, only toy or snakeoil spam filters are the least
bothered by Base64 or quoted-printable and neither costs significant
bandwidth.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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On June 21, 2003 at 23:45 waltdnes@waltdnes.org (Walter Dnes) wrote:
 > On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 07:33:49PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote
 > > Some of the more notorious black lists actively scanned the net
 > > with software for systems which fit their notion of "open relays"
 > > and would add these to the net as a hazard.
 > > 
 > > Now, would it be possible to scan similarly for systems infected
 > > with Jeem or one of the other spammer slave bugs?
 > 
 >   This would have to be at least partially a legislative solution.
 > Let's just say that anybody scanning large portions of the net raises
 > eyebrows, and is reason for termination at many ISPs.

I see, now we've progressed from objection to purely legal solutions
to objection to any technical solution which conceivably could be used
in a way which might be considered illegal?

So, tell me, since I'm describing behavior which has been going on for
years, not hypothetical, exactly how many of those blacklist operators
have been charged with any crime? Convicted?

Ok, we'll make it easier, name one (other than that jerk in New
Zealand who got in legal trouble for blacklisting his phone company in
an attempt to get them to lower his bill.)

Put more constructively: Given a good and effective technical
solution, as the expression goes, the world (the big round one) might
just beat a path to your door. It's too restrictive to begin to
speculate that some technical solution might be considered illegal by
someone, somewhere, consider how many countries there are in the
world!

I counter-propose that shooting down a technical solution based on
purely legal objections is outside the scope of this group's charter.

But more specifically, if someone had a good virus-scanner/detector
that was relatively harmless (other than to spammers) it wouldn't be
hard to imagine (speaking as an ISP) that ISPs might include use of it
in their AUP and companies, universities, etc. might employ it
internally.

So the question is not whether a technical soln might be used
illegally, the question is whether a proposed solution might be used
LEGALLY.

I can pound you with a baseball bat, but that's not a very good
argument for making baseball illegal.

 > > What would we do with that information?
 > > 
 > > That's probably not necessary to answer, unless someone doubts
 > > anything good could be done. But, for example, inform the owner,
 > > an ISP might quarantine or mail rate-limit a known infected computer
 > > until it's fixed, block it entirely (from mail, from everything), etc.
 > 
 >   From postings I've seen on nanae (news.admin.net-abuse.email), when
 > some large outfits are provided with headers of virus emails day-in,
 > day-out from certain IP addresses, they don't seem very active in
 > getting the customer off the net.

They're overwhelmed.

I can tell you, it's a royal pain in the ass here.

Particularly when it's nothing but a $$$ subsidy of Microsoft because
they find it more profitable to ship virus-vulnerable operating
systems.

At this point in time MS is making many millions of dollars off of not
fixing their operating systems, and that millions of dollars is not
coming out of thin air, it's coming out of the pockets of anyone who
has ever had a cost effect from a virus-infected computer, including
now the entire net being deluged with spam.

The technology to make virus infection next to impossible (as
evidenced by readily available OS's which are immune to them) has been
around for decades.

MS has now continued to profit from this problem on their newest OS
releases (e.g., XP is vulnerable to Jeem, sobig.a, Proxy-Guzu, etc.)

 > 
 > > Maybe we should also issue an RFC that simply says that the days of
 > > computer, including personal and desktop computer, operating systems
 > > being vulnerable to viruses (within some problem definition) should
 > > have been over years ago via widely distributed and well-known
 > > techniques utilized in highly successful and comparable operating
 > > systems software.
 > 
 >   An RFC means nothing if it isn't enforced.  You almost need an
 > "internet driver's licence" or a "Killer-V" to get the problems off the
 > net.

Wait a minute, there have been over 3000 RFC's issued.

Do you mean to tell us they all mean nothing?

Hmm, why are we here? What do you imagine the product of this group
likely to be?

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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You really need to look up the term "straw man" and get back to us.

Selective editing, as you did here, is also the sign of someone who
should be ignored.


On June 21, 2003 at 23:52 waltdnes@waltdnes.org (Walter Dnes) wrote:
 > On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 05:51:01PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote
 > 
 > > Yes, replacing all MS windows operating systems on all computers
 > > attached to the net with either Unix or a modern unix-like operating
 > > system (Linux, Mac OSX) would eliminate about 99% of the spam and put
 > > virtually all spammers out of business instantly.
 > 
 >   And my boss thinks I'm a linux zealot, sheesh.  The newbies *WILL*
 > find ways to screw up.  Or don't you remember what happened when some
 > idiots set up every school in South Korea with sendmail wide-open for
 > relaying ?  And if Windows disappears, the dumbkopf who wrote AnalogX
 > will probably port it to linux with the same brain-dead wide-open
 > defaults.  It's not the OS behind the computer, it's the nut behind the
 > keyboard that's the problem.
 > 
 > -- 
 > Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
 > Email users are divided into two classes;
 > 1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
 > 2) Those who wish they did
 > 
 > _______________________________________________
 > Asrg mailing list
 > Asrg@ietf.org
 > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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>>> (Could you adjust your line length to less than 78?  My ancient MUA
> doesn't rewrap lines, and I think it shouldn't.  I control my own line 
> lengths by piping paragraphs through `fmt` as I edit them with `vi`.)

>> Could, but in my experience the artifacts of doing that tends to
> be worse rather than better, since one ends up with chewed-up
> interlaced paragraphs that are even more frustrating.  Sorry.

> What's that about interlaced paragraphs on text with proper lengths?

Presently my mailer is set when composing messages to set a line break at column 
80.

If I set it to less than that, then quoted lines which are 82 columns wide 
(say)
end up looking like this.  This can make for very ugly paragraphs, unless
I end
up going through the paragraphs and reformatting them manually (which I'm
not
always willing to take the time to do.

This is especially true on paragraphs which have been quoted several times in an 
exchange and grow (due to the quoting indicators) at each level of quoting, and 
then broken several times.  These paragraphs get really ugly.

This is one reason why I usually MANUALLY insert a quote level indicator only 
just on the first line of a quoted paragraph... to prevent quote level line size 
creep on every line of quoted paragraphs.

But that's just my own convention which works for me.  Obviously you have the 
right to choose differently.

> Typing like an old fashioned typiest and hitting "Return" before the
right margin yields text that is far more intelligible.  

Feel free to do that if you prefer.  To me, not having to hit ENTER on every 
line is part of the advantages of having a computer instead of a typewriter. :-)

> It seems
you've switched to no hard line breaks except at the ends of paragraphs.

I haven't changed anything in my mail software configuration in quite a long 
time.  I've pretty much given up trying to figure out all the vagaries of 
processinng that E-mail can sometimes go through enroute.

> That's better, or less bad, than your previous 79-83 character lines.

Again, my composing is set to insert a line break at 80 columns.

> I can send a 300 character paragraph through `fmt`, quickly add '> '
to the beginnings, and produce something that's legible in the archives.
79-83 character lines are a royal pain to quote.

I don't use "fmt".  That's okay, you don't use MY preferred mail software, 
either.  :-)

>>> ...until ISPs can tell users who complain "run the Netscape or
> Microsoft auto-update mechanism", they will not and cannot do such
> filtering by default.

>> I'm not sure I understand your comment.  The reason they would
> want to change THEIR mail software would be so it would NOT generate
> HTML-burdened E-mail by default.  To truncate the undesirable/untrusted
> stuff earlier on the transmission/delivery path (BEFORE wasting as

> Fine, but no non-trivial ISP that wants to keep its users, and for that
matter, no "IT" department that wants to keep its empire could start
filtering incoming HTML mail by default this month or even this year.

Actually, for an ISP, they'd probably phase it in.

There are a whole variety of imaginable ways to handle that.

For example, one approach might be that all 'would be filtered' E-mail would 
deliver to the recipient along with a note (either prepended/appended or as a 
separate E-mail) that warned about the upcoming change and the affected E-mail, 
and offered an easy way to deal with it.  Perhaps they'd be offered the choices 
of "allow such mail in the future arriving from this sender", "mail the sender 
an informative form letter asking them to send to me in plain ASCII format 
instead", "bounce such mails from this sender in the future" or just "t-can such 
mails from this sender in the future".  The warning should point out that a 
default blocking of such mails from infrequent/unknown/untrusted senders 
(including virtually all spammers and worms/trojans) will take place after 
(whatever future date) unless or until the recipient wishes to 'opt out' of the 
protection feature.

How those choices might be implemented and relayed to the ISP could vary 
depending upon the particular needs of the ISP or company and the type of 
procedures and systems they use.

> Local users would revolt because a large fraction of their incoming mail
would be bouncing.  Until mail that is legitimate except for gratuitous
HTML encryption is largely gone, no large outfit can filter HTML by default.

I suspect that the larger outfits will come onboard slower, perhaps kicking and 
screaming (despite the fact that THEY will have the most to gain by doing so).

I'd guess that smaller ISPs will initially see this as a major opportunity to 
differentiate their services from those of "larger, less responsive" ISPs.

> The most that any large outfit can offer is to filter HTML mail for
users who ask for such filtering.  

I don't agree on that point, although I do suspect that there will be a 
transition period to help the user to build up their "permissions list" for 
those who frequently send mail to that recipient.  I doubt that the transition 
period will need to be more than two or three months, since frequent senders 
will probably all be approved by the end of that time.

One might imagine a secondary stage of the transition, during which time the ISP 
might reroute offending messages to a different mail queue (to hold them for a 
few days, or even weeks perhaps) and send the recipient (say, daily, hourly, 
whatever,,, maybe once per E-mail pickup run?) a list or digest (maybe the 
headers and the first three/ten lines of the body?) or something of the details 
of the mails which would have been bounced or blocked, and giving the user a 
simple way for each on the list to:

  1)  deliver that message to them on a one-time basis
  2)  deliver that and similar messages in the future (i.e. give permission)
...(again, or other options...)

This would spare them delivery of the unwanted messages as a transitional stage, 
while still allowing them to see what would have blocked.  The pending queue 
could hold messages for a while, or eventually discard them or bounce them if 
not eventually picked up or otherwise dealt with.

Perhaps the user would be given the choice of at what point they're content to 
skip the need for this daily "messages held pending list" entirely and progress 
to full automatic bounce-or-discard processing.

> There are many ways to do that today.  I think one is to use a Milter version 
of SpamAssassin, although I'm not sure if all of those support per-user control 
files.  

The key problem with that, as a primary approach, is that filtering 
only-at-the-end-user means that essentially all of the cost of the handling of 
the spam has already been incurred.  

> I've seen plenty of headers on mail saying that base64 encoding has
beem removed.  I've also seen plenty of spews with some samples
encoded and some not.

> But regardless, what's your point about Base64?  It does nothing to
help spammers or hurt filters.  

It *does* complicate content filtering.  It's another stage that must be 
performed before the content can be examined for "suspicious" content.

> The first is why relatively little spam is current base64 encoded.  

Hopefully that will continue to be true.  :-)

> Base64 encoding wastes 30% of bandwidth and disk space, but that's not a 
reasonable concern given the small fraction of total traffic that is all email. 
 
If we don't have to worry about E-mail bulk, then we're mostly wasting our time 
here.

The lawsuits that HAVE been placed against spammers by large ISPs usually are 
predicated precisely on the fact that the spam wastes ISP resources and costs 
them a significant amount of money.

> HTML as it is commonly processed by receiving MUAs has many evils, but base64 
is merely a trivial waste of bandwidth.

Trivial?  Maybe, maybe not.  I'd be willing to forego (for now, at least) the 
ability to by default drop out base64-encoded message bodies from the default 
permission list filtering, as long as we'd get the HTML-burdened mail filtering 
and attachments filtering (perhaps with further subselection by attachment 
type... lots of correspondents and mailing list who might send me a PDF/GIF/JPG 
are folks who I would *never* want to accept an EXE/SCR/PIF/VBS/etc file from!).

[snip]

>> ...we do have a well-established and longstanding convention that plain
>ASCII text is the _most_ universal form of E-mail that EVERYBODY can read on
>virtually ANY kind of device.  It makes sense, until a sender knows that 
>other
>types are also acceptable, to send in most widely readable and acceptable
>format.

> ...As for a "longstanding convention", due to the many MUAs sending HTML 
email, that convention has been changed and now HTML email is acceptable.

It doesn't change just because some thoughtless and inconsiderate (or merely 
ignorant) senders choose to send mail which doesn't satisfy it.  

Not everybody reads mail using Web browsers, and even more people don't read 
E-mail online (this is especially true outside the USA where many users still 
pay a per-minute-local-call charge to connect with their ISP, and thus prefer to 
read and respond to their E-mail offline).  Some people are even reading and 
responding to E-mail using their notebook computers at 33,000 feet (and are 
DEFINITELY not doing THAT online, at least at present).  For these people, it is 
highly annoying to get an E-mail that includes text-image fetches from Web 
servers and other forms of Web bugs in it.

But again, if in fact this is really an "acceptable" format for everybody, and 
they don't see value in using it to help throttle spammers and their abuses, 
then they'll just all set the filters to 'wide open' and things will be no worse 
than at present.  

[snip]

> First of all, making sure email is not untraceble allows 
for LEA to catch the spammers. 

Unforunately, there ARE legitimate cases ('whistleblower' E-mails or e-mails 
from repressive regimes) where untraceability can be of primary importance.

> This would involve either changing SMTP, 
implementing C/R, or some other system that would allow for traceability. 

All of those approaches seem to require a consensus, a willingness to change 
globally.  I don't see that happening, especially if some strongly 
civil-rights-to-privacy-oriented ISPs refuse to go along.

I personally don't think that we MUST enforce "untraceable" E-mail, as long as 
we offer recipients the option to say that they simply don't want to receive 
that type (or other types) of mail from such shady senders.  This gets back 
again to the "permissions list" concept I've proposed.

> Domain names being owned by spammers is a problem too. Solutions must be 
made to deal with that as well. Foreign ISPs, allowing for spam are also a 
problem. 

Frankly, I don't think you'll EVER solve that one.  Better to just simply give 
the recipient the control to block the risky/bulky/obscured stuff they don't 
want, from any people they don't recognize.

Of course, another option might be offered in the permissions list approach, and 
that's kind of one of the functions of my own incoming mail filtering system... 
and that's to say "Allow incoming E-mail that's HTML-burdened, but strip out all 
the HTML and such that looks unnecessary or suspicious."  This way, even if Aunt 
Bertha hasn't been added to my list of trusted recipients, her mail wouldn't be 
blocked just because she unthinkingly tried to boldface one word in it... the 
offending <b> and </b> tags would just be silently removed in transit.

Again, this isn't a general proposal, but it IS an option that might be offered, 
and might be an alternative to bounce/t-can HTML-burdened incoming messages.

One could even develop a more complicated and sophisticated concept which would 
further differentiate HTML based on what tags were used... where the stuff Aunt 
Bertha or other fairly clueless users might be inclined to use (fonts maybe, 
italic, boldface, underline) would be tolerated but stuff that Aunt Bertha would 
probably never use (scripting, tables, frames, cascading style sheets, whatever) 
would trigger the anti-spam defenses.  Again, there are many possible variants 
on these ideas and much of the control ought to be left to the choice of the 
recipient.

> And as you have mentioned many times before computers infected 
with viruses and other similar junk are a problem as well, although I do 
not see any possible solutions for that as well, not even any avenues of 
research.

The only viable defense for that IMHO is to prevent them from getting infected 
in the first place, and blocking attachments from people who aren't normally to 
be expected to send them (and with possible subapproval by types) would go a 
long way towards solving that problem, too.

[snip]

> If a large number of systems on the internet start depending on whitelisting, 
then spammers will start seeking out ways of sending you email from 
addresses that you have probably whitelisted. 

That's certainly true.  That's one reason why you want to minimize the number of 
people who you give those special permissions to (and why well-known large 
senders will want to not require those special permissions, since it will open 
their identities to such kinds of impersonation frauds).  That's a good reason 
for newsletter senders (for instance) to send plain ASCII text versions of their 
newsletters... apart from the sheer bulk issues.

[snip]

> It makes no sense to talk about filtering HTML by default for the immediately 
foreseeable future, 

I certainly don't agree with that.  One approach that might work during a 
primary transition period is discussed above.

> ...but BCPs on aspects of spam, virus, worms, or privacy could quite properly
and valuably urge that HTML be used only when really required or
explicitly requested.  The current practice of bloating mail by 10X
encoding with a text/plain version and a visibly identical text/html
version is nasty, bad, and incompetent.

On that point, I *strongly* agree.  [standing ovation!]  Once people realize the 
costs and hazards involved, I think we can ratchet back a lot of that... AT 
LEAST by spammers.

[snip]

> Unfortunately, restricting email content type seems unlikely to have
any long-term impact on spam, as the spammers will simply adapt their
behavior to whatever content type is most likely to get their message
across.

That claim is self-contradictory.  If spammers change their behavior to send out 
plain ASCII text spam messages, since that is the only type certain to get 
through from previously unknown senders, then we *have* had a long-term impact 
on spam... if _nothing_ else, by reducing its volume by 70% or more.




Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Thanks to Walter Dnes for his interesting and helpful list of some of the tricks 
that HTML offers to spammers.  

One he didn't mention is the trick of using not only just HTML comments (valid) 
to br{!-- --}eak up key{!-- --}words but also the increasing practice of using 
comp{asdf}letely bo{xy





z}gus HTML tags for similar purposes.

Yeah, okay, I substituted characters... just so not to trigger spam detectors.  
:-)

[snip]

>> If they want "high quality" e-mail there are a whole variety of options, 
going well beyond HTML.  One is to send .DOC files (which can be read with 
freeware viewers), another is Adobe PDF files.

> These options are way worse than HTML. 

Yeah, but in exchange they're less likely to be [ab]used as often, and they DO 
unarguably yield much better control over final page layout.

> ...Word documents are proprietary, and I don't know any program
which can display them reliably except MS Word (and then only the same
version which was used to write it). 

There are freeware word viewers for download for most platforms, and anyhow 
that's only one of several options.  Point being that if you REALLY are 
concerned about "pretty" layout and absolute format control, there ARE better 
ways to achieve that.

> PDF files assume a fixed page
layout: My 21" monitor is capable of displaying a whole A4 page in a
readble font size. a 17" monitor usually isnt, and a palmtop doesn't
stand a chance. 

Again, sure.  HTML was designed to display an 'appropriate' and meaningful 
result (even if not known to the sender) regardless of the displaying device.  
No surprise that it works well for that.

But not everybody wants the bulk in exchange for the often-limited additional 
value (and VERY MUCH not justified risks) and they ought to be given the option 
of not accepting it.

> Also, Word and PDF generally are a lot larger (even
though HTML produced by editors is often extremely bloated).

Absolutely.  These should be used ONLY when *needed* (and they rarely are, for 
most folks).

> I agree fully, that HTML is usually unnecessary and has little benefit
over plain text, but suggesting the use of Word or PDF instead of it is
replace one evil with an worse one.

Thanks for the concurrence.  Again, I'm only pointing out that if you MUST have 
fine control over appearance and formatting, any of a variety of technologies 
work better.  (Hopefully, that's for RARE use on an when-needed basis).

>> And if they REALLY WANT to use HTML, another approach without most of the
 bulk is to put it up on a Web server (using an 'unguessable' URL) and E-mail 
(as plain ASCII text) the URL to the intended recipient.

> For normal mail, I think that's a really stupid idea. 

Depends on the situation.

For a newsletter going out to 150,000 people, I think it's a FINE idea.

As much as I hate HTML-burdened E-mail, I'm *almost* leaning toward suggesting 
it to one of my clients... as an optional way to send nice-looking invoices and 
such with their graphic form overlay (the graphic form overlay would be a 
'background image').  But a perhaps interesting alternative would be to put the 
invoice up as a file on a Web server somewhere, and send the user the 
hard-to-guess URL of 'their' invoice page.

I agree that it's less interesting for casual users who thoughtlessly thought it 
might be cool to put one word of their email message in boldface or italics.

> (It goes a bit
into the direction of message/external-body or Bernstein's IM, but
without automatic retrieval by the MUA, that's a sure way to get your
e-Mail ignored). 

Such "automatic retrieval" tends to ignore the concerns and issues of people who 
prefer to read their E-mail offline, perhaps because they pay for their Internet 
connection by the minute.

[Of course, by the same token, the flip side of that is that for the SAME 
reasons, they might PREFER to have the stuff just arrive in their E-mail, rather 
than having to reconnect to retrieve it later as a separate operation... 
concerns like that is part of why the control needs to rest in the hands of the 
recipient.]

> It is feasible if the document at the URL meaningful
outside of the context of the email (Like: "I wrote up the minutes of
the last meeting. You can find them at $url").

Sure, that's one example where the HTML is probably better NOT embedded in the 
E-mail.

[snip]

> I wholeheartedly agree that unnecessary use of HTML in e-mail is 
stupid. I completely concur that HTML e-mail is generally a waste of 
bandwidth. 

Thanks for agreeing. :-)

> However, as far as I can see these arguments over how 
technically awful HTML e-mail is are irrelevant to this list, because 
it's not going away and even if it did spam would just go back to being 
plain text.

Spam going back to being plain text would reduce spam volume by probably 70% or 
more, and if spam represents 80% of the total E-mail load arriving at some ISPs, 
it's hard to claim that there's no value in achieving that.

> (In fact, all the spam that's made it through my filters this week has 
been plain text.)

Cool.  I'm not going to ask you how achieved that, but I think that more and 
more ISPs (and perhaps corporations) are going to use similar kinds of 
strategies to filter out more and more of the HTML-burdened spam.

[snip]

> We can filter keywords, and spammer will avoid using those keywords. We 
can do IP blacklist, and spammer will avoid using those blacklist. We 
can ban HTML and spammer will start using plain text. etc etc.

The nice part about them using plain text is that in one fell swoop, we've 
denied them A WHOLE RAFT of their deceptive tricks, and in a way that they're 
not likely going to find some new "creative" [ab]use of HTML that we hadn't 
envisioned and needed to block individually.  Gives them very little 'wiggle 
room' to avoid the filtering.

> So, either you have an adaptive (and thus fuzzy) solution or we need to 
think out of box.

I think my solution IS thinking 'out of the box' (compared to the other more 
technically esoteric solutions I've seen bandied about).  I see it as providing 
a fast, nearly guaranteed payback (both for ISPs and their customers) and 
without requiring a realistically speaking unattainable consensus. 

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Collected comments on spamming, permissions lists, et al
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On Sunday, Jun 22, 2003, at 14:55 US/Eastern, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> This is one reason why I usually MANUALLY insert a quote level 
> indicator only
> just on the first line of a quoted paragraph... to prevent quote level 
> line size
> creep on every line of quoted paragraphs.

Learn to use a text editor. You're on a holy quest to get people to 
give up HTML e-mail, yet you yourself can't work out how to edit and 
quote text in a plain text e-mail? Is this some sort of comedy routine 
you're performing for our amusement?

> But that's just my own convention which works for me.  Obviously you 
> have the
> right to choose differently.

I choose not to read any more badly-formatted crap you send. Shape up 
or get killfiled.


mathew


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On Sunday, Jun 22, 2003, at 13:17 US/Eastern, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> mathew <meta@pobox.com>:
>> ...
>> Yes, but it's also totally outside the purview of the ASRG, unless you
>> think it is in some way an important enabler of spam.
>>
>> I wholeheartedly agree that unnecessary use of HTML in e-mail is
>> stupid. I completely concur that HTML e-mail is generally a waste of
>> bandwidth. However, as far as I can see these arguments over how
>> technically awful HTML e-mail is are irrelevant to this list, because
>> it's not going away and even if it did spam would just go back to 
>> being
>> plain text.
>>
>> (In fact, all the spam that's made it through my filters this week has
>> been plain text.)
>
> How much HTML spam did your filters reject before it got to your 
> mailbox?

I don't know how much was rejected because it was HTML; I use 
SpamAssassin, and the HTML-ness is just one of many factors it weighs.

> If HTML vs. spam spam is off-topic here, then so are all other 
> anti-spam
> mechanisms that allow mail among strangers.  They are all much less
> then perfect and so by your criteria must be off topic:

I did not say that anti-spam mechanisms which are imperfect are 
off-topic. I said that HTML e-mail is not necessary for spam to exist, 
and that rich text e-mail is not going to go away.

Hence all your paragraphs of things which "must be off topic" are 
irrelevant straw-man examples.

> Of course it is silly to talk about ISPs or any large organizations 
> filtering HTML by default.

I'm glad you agree with me on that.

>   That does not imply that it would not be good and profitable to 
> write a BCP saying (among many other things):
>
>     Filtering HTML mail from strangers is an effect spam defense and
>     should be considered a 1%-10% false positive rate can be tolerated.
>     Because some individuals and organizations do filter HTML mail
>     from strangers, you SHOULD NOT send HTML or mail involving
>     unnecessary MIME attachments to strangers.  Like any and all spam
>     defenses that allow mail from strangers, filtering HTML mail is
>     only partially effective.

I'm pretty sure nobody on the list is going to disagree with that 
either.

> For base64 and quoted-printable--again, how do you expect people in
> China to talk to each other if don't allow them to encode their 
> language
> in what is still fundamentally a 7-bit ASCII, ANSI x3.-4, transport,
> where ASCII stands for "American standard for character information
> interchange" and does not even allow the English to talk about their
> money?

Yet another good reason why HTML and base64 aren't going away.


mathew


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>>Second, if spammers are unable to pull a lot of the tricks and deceptions that
>they do at present, I believe that a lot of spam that presently "works"
>economically will no longer be viable.

> Please offer evidence.  Take a large body of spam.  Determine what 
percentage of the messages depend on obfuscation to make their sale. 
Be sure to separate out obfuscation for the purpose of avoiding 
filters from obfuscation for the purpose of fooling users.  

It matters little... if they can't obfuscate to avoid filters, and therefore get 
taken out by the filters, it doesn't matter whether they might or might not have 
tricked the user IF the spam had been delivered.

> Consider whether their are alternative tricks they could play in text (e.g. 
http://www.ebay.com@192.168.1.80/foo is just as likely to fool most 
users as a "hidden" link url).  

Well, less, but I agree that SOME are still there.

But it's a SUBSET.

> I'm sure the results would be valuable to everyone on the list, whether or not 
they agree with your proposal.

If someone here is interested in funding the detailed study, I'd be glad to 
carry it out.

> You keep saying "I believe".  I've responded with absolute numbers 
detailing how many users make active use of HTML.  

Well, yes and no.  Your numbers are based upon a notion of what might or might 
not be "active use".  It also doesn't address the issue of "degree of 
importance" or whether people (given the choice of "spam or [occasional] 
boldface" would still pick the boldface and accept the spam.

So while your numbers provide one data point, I'm not convinced that they really 
represent anything very decisive.

> A number of people have provided perfectly believable scenarios as to why a 
first-contact system won't work.  

I've been in the business long enough to see a **lot** of people present 
scenarios about why some new proposals "won't work".  That's hardly new.  Highly 
esteemed scientists used to insist that heavier-than-air flight isn't workable, 
either.  Clearly, for whatever reason, they were wrong.

> Present your counter scenario.  Explain how the system will work in 
detail, not in vague terms.

The reason the terms are fairly vague is because there are a large number of 
implementation choices that can be made in a variety of ways.  Turning the knobs 
and tweaking the controls is something that gets done during implementation, 
according to the needs and desires of the client paying for the work.  There is 
no NEED to develop one fixed and rigid scenario ahead of time.  Indeed, that's 
part of the advantage of this approach.

> I've suggested that you haven't thought through the architecture 
requirements of your system.

I don't think there ARE much in the way of basic "architectural" requirements 
which are anything much more than trivial.  I don't put a lot more stock in your 
"suggestions" than you seem to put in my "beliefs".  :-)

> The proper response would be to write up an architecture document and do some 
research. 

I'd be glad to do that if somebody would like to fund the project.  Many of you 
other folks here may be salaried, but I'm not, unfortunately.

> You claim to have extensive experience with that kind of thing. 

Yup.  I've been involved in various kinds of product development for a LONG 
time.

> P.S. And cut with the innuendo about people who disagree with you 
*wanting* spam to not get solved.  That's pure crap, 

No, what's crap is misrepresenting what I said.  Please don't misquote me (even 
by suggestion).  Thanks (in advance).

>  The reason you're getting pushback is because people *also* want an internet 
which is easy and powerful to use for everyone--not just techies. 

There's NOTHING technically exotic or hard-to-understand about what I propose.  
Making it "easy and powerful to use" is purely a matter of design choices made 
during the implementation and integration with existing systems, but is hardly 
rocket science.

> You don't think your screwing that up.  We do.

I take it that's the "royal we".  Sorry, anyhow, I don't agree.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
References: <8E8A0088-A4E8-11D7-A454-000393CAA6AA@pobox.com>
From: Bruce Stephens <Bruce.Stephens@isode.com>
In-Reply-To: <8E8A0088-A4E8-11D7-A454-000393CAA6AA@pobox.com> (meta@pobox.com's
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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 23:26:11 +0100

mathew <meta@pobox.com> writes:

[...]

> Yet another good reason why HTML and base64 aren't going away.

Indeed.  If users are unhappy with text/plain (and want bold, italics,
etc., reflowing paragraphs and so on), then we've already got a
non-HTML solution: text/enriched, rfc1896.  

But let's be realistic: we're stuck with HTML.  The best we can hope
for is to get software producers to default javascript to off, and
similarly for retrieving remote URIs (so we can stop webbugs from
working).


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Introduction and another idea
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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 17:47:40 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Bruce Stephens <Bruce.Stephens@isode.com>

> ...
> Indeed.  If users are unhappy with text/plain (and want bold, italics,
> etc., reflowing paragraphs and so on), then we've already got a
> non-HTML solution: text/enriched, rfc1896.  

What common MUA's can generate or even display RFC 1896 rich text?


> But let's be realistic: we're stuck with HTML.  The best we can hope
> for is to get software producers to default javascript to off, and
> similarly for retrieving remote URIs (so we can stop webbugs from
> working).

That is realistic, but we could also hope to get software producers
to turn off HTML by default, or at least until the user asks for
some formatting.   

That hope, very faint as it is, is less unrealistic than hoping that
the same software producers will include support for CR/CRIs, RMX, or
about anything else that they are not already supporting.  Turning
off HTML until the user asks for formatting would not cause user
consternation, unlike including spam rejection facilities.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: "Elric Pedder" <elric@novitraq.com>
To: <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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> From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Vernon Schryver
> Sent: June 21, 2003 00:49
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
 
> > From: Elric Pedder <elric@novitraq.com>
> 
> > ...
> > If only a hash of the triplet were stored, would this solve
> > the privacy issue?
> 
> No.  Consider a "dictionary attack."  If you have a copy of 
> the database and want to know if Steve Case sent Bill Gates 
> a message, you hash those two addresses with a likely IP address 
> and see if you can get a hit in the database.  If you do not know 
> the exact IP address, you can guess it is one of a few thousand 
> (or at most a billion) and make the corresponding few thousand 
> (or billion) probes of your copy of the database.  Like a 
> dictionary attack on /etc/passwd, this attack may not be quick, 
> but it is effective.

I see what you mean.  I was thinking of the privacy issue from
the perspective of creating new information rather than verifying
that something occurred.  What about a weaker hash?  Such as MD5
reduced to 16 bits?  It would depend on the volume of mail you
received, but I guess at some point the weaker the hash the more 
false positives you'll hit -- probably before the necessary privacy 
level is reached.  I'm interested in this element as other possible 
methods may also involve recording the SMTP envelope and the 
privacy issues will always come up.

Regardless, I'm not an advocate of greylisting.  I agree with
the points you and others have made and the most significant is
that it has a relatively short life span.  However it is one of 
the more interesting solutions to appear recently.

Best regards,
	- Elric

-- 
Elric Pedder
Mailtraq Development (www.mailtraq.com)


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: RE: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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> From: "Elric Pedder" <elric@novitraq.com>

> ...
> Regardless, I'm not an advocate of greylisting.  I agree with
> the points you and others have made and the most significant is
> that it has a relatively short life span.  However it is one of 
> the more interesting solutions to appear recently.

I agree with the last sentence, but not all of the rest.  Others have
reported that similar tactics are around 30% effective.  The high
effectiveness reported here might be because, as was said, the high
rate included dictionary attacks.  You'd expect dictionary attack spam
to be particularly likely to be "hit-and-run."

My random guess is that should it become popular, its effectiveness will
drop from 30% to 10-20%, because it will ever become universal and many
spammers blocked by it will choose to send to more addresses than go to
the substantial trouble to send to the same targets through the same open
proxies.  If I'm right, 10-20% is nothing to sneeze at, and is as good as
or better than the realistic prospects of several other, purely theoretical
spam defenses whose advocates promise us more.

Note that greylisting can be seen as a variety of quarantine mechanism.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 21:12:52 -0400

Several of my messages that you have replied to were NOT sent to the 
list.  They contains statements which I made specifically because I 
knew they were NOT being posted in a list context.  Since you don't 
seem capable of following basic email etiquette, I'm sure you'll be 
delighted to know that you will not be receiving any further email 
from me.  (And thank goodness, I won't have to read any more of the 
email you insist in sending out in your format, ignoring the 
formatting preferences of all your recpients--how ironic.)

Warning to list members.  Do not reply to gep2 unless you wish to 
have your words made public.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 22:10:11 -0400

At 02:22 AM 6/22/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> >>>>>Plain ASCII text will continue to be delivered as before.
>
> >>You have mentioned before that even if only ASCII spam is being delivered
> >that will reduce the overall bandwidth consumer. HOWEVER, that will not
> >reduce the total number of spam items in someone's inbox.
>
>First, people's inbox capacity is never (in my experience) limited by 
>number of
>messages... always by number of megabytes.

End users care much more about the number of messages they have to delete, 
than number of megabytes the inbox takes especially in the age of large 
hard drives and broadband connections.

>Second, if spammers are unable to pull a lot of the tricks and deceptions 
>that
>they do at present, I believe that a lot of spam that presently "works"
>economically will no longer be viable.

Agreed but the very nature of spam has nothing to do with HTML tricks - it 
has to do with "how spammers amplify their distribution channels while 
keeping costs nearly at zero" in Barry Shain's words.

I think that we had plenty of arguments both ways, and both camps are 
staying were they are. I would suggest that either you or someone else, 
write up a BCP or RFC, plus create some working code and get back to the 
group. Not that I am advocating the banning of HTML, but there are plenty 
of people that are and it is important to get stuff past theory into 
practical useable code.

Yakov  


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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 22:15:28 -0400

At 11:45 PM 6/21/2003 -0400, Walter Dnes wrote:

>On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 07:33:49PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote
>[..]
>
> > Anyhow, this all starts with whether it's possible to write a piece
> > of software which begins to scan the net for infected systems?
>
>   The problem so far is that people take virus/trojan compromises too
>lightly.  That's because the compromises go out of their way not to be
>noticed.  The trojan sends out a bunch of spams from your machine while
>you're sleeping.  The typical end-user reaction is "so what?".  Maybe
>governments need to do a "Hatch-job" (senator from Utah?).
>
>   Notice that almost all viruses/trojans are "intelligent parasites"
>that don't eat up enough resources to kill their hosts.  What we need is
>for governments to authorize law-enforcement agencies to release viruses
>("Killer-V's") that low-level unformat harddrives, and flash BIOSes with
>garbage for good measure so that you can't just slap in the install CD
>and have the same crap reconnected to the net 3 hours later.

Wow wow - hold on there. How will we distinguish between "government 
viruses" and malicious ones? Who decides which law enforcement agency is 
authorized to do so? What will stop lets say China from sending out viruses 
to low format hard drives of protestors? You are opening a whole can of 
worms here - we cannot serously use viruses to fight viruses, this 
possibility has been discussed in a research paper on Warhol net-wise 
viruses a while back - what you will end up with is a bunch of viruses 
fighting each other and getting better and better, while our computers and 
the Internet breaks in to shambles.

Yakov 


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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 22:10:07 -0400

At 07:33 PM 6/20/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 20, 2003 at 18:10 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
>  > So your bottom line is that the spam problem is based on "how spammers
>  > amplify their distribution channels while keeping costs nearly at zero."
>
>I propose that if that is removed (or seriously diminished) the
>problem will become mostly inconsequential and can then be dealt with
>more in the manner of "consenting communications" via various methods,
>mostly MUA, routinely mentioned here.
>[..]
>Let's start easy.
>
>We've seen various blacklists. I consider them a mostly bad idea,
>perhaps of some use to individuals, but it's something we should all
>be familiar with.
>
>Some of the more notorious black lists actively scanned the net with
>software for systems which fit their notion of "open relays" and would
>add these to the net as a hazard.
>
>Now, would it be possible to scan similarly for systems infected with
>Jeem or one of the other spammer slave bugs?
>
>What would we do with that information?
>
>That's probably not necessary to answer, unless someone doubts
>anything good could be done. But, for example, inform the owner, an
>ISP might quarantine or mail rate-limit a known infected computer
>until it's fixed, block it entirely (from mail, from everything), etc.

This is something that Dshield.org is already doing - people are submitting 
their firewall logs, and when enough evidence accumulates that an infested 
computer is present, his ISP is informed.


>Also, could these viruses be used as honeypots to gather information
>about who is using them for both evidence and to just get those perps
>shut down and/or blocked?
>
>Anyhow, this all starts with whether it's possible to write a piece of
>software which begins to scan the net for infected systems? I don't
>know enough about these specific viruses right now to answer that
>question: Do they use hard to guess passwords? Do they give failure
>indications on use of a bad passwd which identifies the infection, or
>listen on a specific port, etc?

I do not know if such scanner is possible since its behavior maybe be 
though off as malicious since it will be using and scanning the same ports 
that viruses are.

>Maybe we should also issue an RFC that simply says that the days of
>computer, including personal and desktop computer, operating systems
>being vulnerable to viruses (within some problem definition) should
>have been over years ago via widely distributed and well-known
>techniques utilized in highly successful and comparable operating
>systems software.
>
>As such, any operating system which does not meet a minimum standard
>of being viral resistant (obviously some detail is needed here) and is
>connected to the internet is non-conformant to RFC XYZZY or however
>that's usually worded and is a potential hazard to the net at large.
>[..]

And do we seriously think that Microsoft would care about some RFC? When 
was the last time Microsoft cared about an Internet standard when its not 
in their interest? Take the HTML example and the various related 
discussions as to changing the default MUA behavior as per HTML. What might 
actually force Microsoft to make their OS more secure is increased 
competition from Linux and other Unixes.

Yakov



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Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2003 21:26:42 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

>...
> Agreed but the very nature of spam has nothing to do with HTML tricks - it 
> has to do with "how spammers amplify their distribution channels while 
> keeping costs nearly at zero" in Barry Shain's words.

You keep saying variations on that but I think they are wrong.
Spam itself may have nothing to do with HTML tricks, but the spam
problem does.  The spam problem involves junk in our mailboxes,
and HTML is the most important tool of spammers trying to get their
stuff into our mailboxes past our mechanical and manual filters.

Do you use an HTML-enabled mailer?  I bet you do, because you would
otherwise not be so cavalier about the games spammers play with HTML.
HTML-enabled mailers make spam look far more presentable.  Even many
spammers would be too ashamed to send it if they could see how bad it
looks.  Without HTML to hide the up to 99.9% of noise added to the
real text to try to evade filters, it would look fraudulent to everyone.


> I think that we had plenty of arguments both ways, and both camps are 
> staying were they are. I would suggest that either you or someone else, 
> write up a BCP or RFC, plus create some working code and get back to the 
> group. Not that I am advocating the banning of HTML, but there are plenty 
> of people that are and it is important to get stuff past theory into 
> practical useable code.

The working code already exists and is wide use.  I think other
people have said that standard SpamAssassin penalized mail in HTML.
It's trivial to write a Procmail recipe that rejects HTML mail or
to modify a recipe that rejects by character sets named in SMTP or
MIME entity headers to reject "text/html".

If HTML issue is dropped, will you promise to be try as hard to squelch
talk of even more hopeless efforts?  Getting Microsoft to turn on HTML
in Outlook only when the user asks for formatting seems more promising
than getting Microsoft to add CR support to Outlook or changing the
terms and conditions for the use of Hotmail to prohibit sending from
any except Hotmail SMTP clients and so make RMX meaningful.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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>>I suspect that the larger outfits will come onboard slower, perhaps 
>>kicking and
>>screaming (despite the fact that THEY will have the most to gain by doing so).

>Really?  So they have absolutely no idea what's good for themselves 
>and their customers?  Odd that they are in business.

Corporate inertia is an unfortunate thing, sometimes.

>>If we don't have to worry about E-mail bulk, then we're mostly 
>>wasting our time here.

>>The lawsuits that HAVE been placed against spammers by large ISPs usually are
>>predicated precisely on the fact that the spam wastes ISP resources and costs
>>them a significant amount of money.

>Which of those lawsuits complained that the messages were too big?

The lawsuits have typically needed to put a dollar figure on the damages, and 
generally they do that in terms of volume, which has a direct and quantifiable 
dollar cost associated with it.  I'll try to snare some of these articles as I 
see them go by.

>>...For these people, it is
>>highly annoying to get an E-mail that includes text-image fetches from Web
>>servers and other forms of Web bugs in it.

>Absolutely.  But solving that problem doesn't require removing HTML 
>email does it?  

Perhaps not, although removing HTML tags from the mail does solve it.

>And go look at the numbers I posted.  Note the number 
>of messages with and without image tags and with and without 
>attachments.  The majority of HTML email does not have external image 
>tags.  *That* particular problem is pretty much restricted to 
>spammers and (even more so) commercial bulk mailers like Amazon and 
>other companies.  And if you think they are going to buy into the 
>idea that they are going to get a bounce message the first time their 
>customer forgets to whitelist them (which will be most of the time), 
>I think you are very mistaken.

I don't dispute that there will be some [very] minor inconveniences while the 
system is coming up to speed and consumers are getting used to it.  I think that 
is going to be true of basically *anything* that involves a change, IF that 
change in fact makes a difference.  I believe that the payback will be very much 
worth the temporary adjustements.

I still do contend that sending HTML-burdened E-mail in a 'first contact' is a 
very poor strategy, and that the recipient should have the choice of whether 
they wish to allow their limited Inbox space to be consumed that way.

>>> Unfortunately, restricting email content type seems unlikely to have
>>any long-term impact on spam, as the spammers will simply adapt their
>>behavior to whatever content type is most likely to get their message
>>across.

>>That claim is self-contradictory.  If spammers change their behavior 
>>to send out
>>plain ASCII text spam messages, since that is the only type certain to get
>>through from previously unknown senders, then we *have* had a long-term impact
>>on spam... if _nothing_ else, by reducing its volume by 70% or more.

>If you search the archives, you'll see that we had the volume 
>discussion a while back.  The vast majority of the respondents felt 
>that volume was *not* an issue.  

It is the PRIMARY ongoing element in the cost of handling spam E-mail messages.

>In fact, if you do some analysis, I 
>believe you will find that the majority of the volume of email comes 
>not from HTML, but from attachments (word docs, powerpoint 
>presentations, pictures of the kids...).  While 10 1k messages become 
>10 4k HTML messages.  The first attachment that comes in dwarfs them 
>all.

That volume is FINE, *if* it's stuff that the recipients *want*.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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At 09:26 PM 6/22/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
> >From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>[..]
>Do you use an HTML-enabled mailer?  I bet you do, because you would
>otherwise not be so cavalier about the games spammers play with HTML.

For the record, I use Eudora which is not HTML friendly and I made sure to 
have HTML disabled. You can search the archives and you will not find any 
HTML posts from me.

>[..]
> > I think that we had plenty of arguments both ways, and both camps are
> > staying were they are. I would suggest that either you or someone else,
> > write up a BCP or RFC, plus create some working code and get back to the
> > group. Not that I am advocating the banning of HTML, but there are plenty
> > of people that are and it is important to get stuff past theory into
> > practical useable code.
>
>The working code already exists and is wide use.  I think other
>people have said that standard SpamAssassin penalized mail in HTML.
>It's trivial to write a Procmail recipe that rejects HTML mail or
>to modify a recipe that rejects by character sets named in SMTP or
>MIME entity headers to reject "text/html".

Reread Gordon's original proposal - he is not simply proposing blocking 
HTML email - he is proposing creating a tracking system where the receiver 
can grant permission to the sender to send HTML email ONCE the initial 
ASCII email got through. This permission code is not a trivial Procmail 
recipe, and I have not seen a working copy of it yet.

The fact is that people are blocking HTML email currently and will be doing 
so. Now if Gordon and you, and others, want to preach blocking HTML, then 
do something about it. That's my point - the discussions have gone long 
enough, every one expressed their opinions, now its time to do something 
practical about it. Perhaps even create a central code repository with 
patches and instructions for major email clients, similar to the efforts of 
the Web Standards Project (http://www.webstandards.org/) - you can call it 
the "Email Standards Project" perhaps. Maybe even a compliance program with 
logos, etc. The possibilities are endless.

>If HTML issue is dropped, will you promise to be try as hard to squelch
>talk of even more hopeless efforts?

Its a research group - everyone is entitled to their opinions. I do not 
think blocking HTML is hopeless - I don't think that anyone in the group 
has argued that blocking HTML does not have SOME benefit - the question is 
only how big is that benefit is, and whether it outweighs the costs.

>  Getting Microsoft to turn on HTML
>in Outlook only when the user asks for formatting seems more promising

I don't think that Microsoft is budging anytime soon to do anything that 
does not correspond with their own interests. Plus, even if they do so, the 
damage has already been done - the installed user base is very large.

>than getting Microsoft to add CR support to Outlook or changing the
>terms and conditions for the use of Hotmail to prohibit sending from
>any except Hotmail SMTP clients and so make RMX meaningful.

For the record, I had never advocated getting Microsoft to add C/R support 
for Outlook. C/R systems are coming into wider use, I do not advocate for 
or against their use, however once they are present I am just trying to 
make sure that they are inter-operable - that's why I am collaborating with 
Eric Dean on the CRI protocol. This is a research group - we are looking at 
everything under the sun and I am glad  that all these issues are coming up.

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  


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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 01:37:56 -0400

 From IAB minutes for the May 13th, 2003, meeting 
(http://www.iab.org/IABmins/IABmins.2003-05-13.html):

"IRTF

The IRTF chair reported receiving a number of concerns and complaints about 
the state of ASRG, and is looking into modifying the RG management to 
address them. "


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>>>>>>HTML is not, and has never been, a precise or deterministic page layout

>>If I had wanted my words quoted on ASRG, I would have cc'd ASRG. 
>That was a message sent directly to you.  As is this.  Have the 
>courtesy to treat it as such.

I'm not interested in having private off-list discussions on this topic, unless 
there is some specific reason for sensitivity requiring that privacy.  My time 
is valuable enough that I'm not going to waste it in one-on-one messaging with 
people who probably aren't interested in my ideas to begin with.  The people I'm 
trying to reach with my ideas are those who might be interested in actually 
making use of them, not those just interested in wasting my time.  Accordingly, 
unless you get an agreement with me otherwise, please expect this discussion to 
take place here.

>>Personally, I think that most users are educable.  We ought to give them the
>>information they need to make good choices.

>Wonderful in theory.  But they "give them lots of options" solution 
>does not work in the real world.

In practice, I think that most users will probably want and use a few 
straightforward options.  That's why, for starters, I think the idea of giving 
them the choices of HTML (yes/no), Attachments (yes/no), and Encoding (yes/no) 
are a good start. As we have discussed, there are various more detailed options 
available from there (sublevels of HTML, types of attachments, etc) which could 
be made available for users desiring that added control.

There could be another option, which would be spam content filtering (yes/no), 
also based on whether the recipient is 'known' or not, which would also allow an 
ISP to use filtering for mail from unknown/untrusted senders but would largely 
eliminate the problems of false positives in mail from trusted (and named) 
senders.  While some degree of content filtering could probably be offered at 
the ISP, I've tended to think that content filtering is generally better done at 
the recipient end, where choices can be made more readily... although lately 
I've started thinking that (especially in conjunction with my permission-list 
concept) there might be a place for at least some of that at the ISP level 
(perhaps in addition to local recipient-level content filtering).

>>>And when I change ISPs and everyone's email to me bounces?

>>First off, only mail violating your stated permissions bounces (as it should).

>>Presumably your system could maintain (or download) a (local copy?) 
>>list of your
>>own permissions for each of your known/trusted senders.  When moving to a new
>>ISP, presuming that they offer a similar permissions list feature, you could
>>upload your permissions list to "seed" the new ISP's filters.  Of 
>>course, if the
>>new ISP doesn't offer such a feature, you'll probably start getting more and
>>larger spam/viruses/trojans again.  :-((

>This is when you start waving your hands.  

That's because this is where individual implementation design decisions enter 
into the way things might work.  There's no need (and in fact, perhaps the 
opposite is true) to establish fixed one-size-fits-all characteristics and 
operating details.

>You claimed your solution was simple.  Here is clear proof that it isn't.  

I disagree.

>Stop making vague 
>assertions and sit down and figure out what it will take to make your 
>solution as easy to use as the current email system (or at least 
>within an order of magnitude).  Write it up.  *Then* see if anyone 
>buys your solution.

I'll be glad to do a more detailed system design spec and more detailed 
implementation proposals for someone interested in funding the work.

Sorry, I'm not interested in furnishing elaborate and DETAILED blueprints for 
free.  I have other demands on my time too, and bills to pay.  Many of those of 
you on salary probably have the luxury to do things differently.  As it is, I've 
been taking a lot of time I could be spending in other areas to try to 
contribute to the discussion here.

>>>Or when RIAA comes calling and asks for a list of everyone I may have
>>>sent an MP3 to? 

>>Anybody can ask for anything they like.  Doesn't mean you have to give it to
>>them.

>Excuse me?  Where have you been for the past 10 years?  On the 
>contrary.  Your ISP is required by law to provide the information. 
>Just ask Verizon.

They CAN be required to furnish information.  In the Verizon case, it was in 
response to a court order, and followed an appeal.  In this particular case 
under discussion, that of my proposed permissions list (sender/addressee address 
pairs, and permitted attachment types for each pair) there's nothing really 
there which isn't already present (or which couldn't be inferred) by the 
incoming and outgoing mail logs already kept by the ISP (and yeah, I know that 
some countries are more or less demaning about how long those logs must be 
kept).  If the courts take a HARD interest in what you've done online, they can 
get a search warrant to seize and search your computer(s), too.  Which would 
give them A GREAT DEAL MORE INFORMATION about your activities online, so I don't 
see the permissions list as a major loss of privacy, presuming that the ISP is 
as responsible with it as they already presumably are with mail logs etc.

>>If they get a court order allowing them to seize and examine your computer
>>(and/or the mail logs from your ISP) then there's probably a lot more evidence

>But your ISP doesn't have to, and almost certainly does not, keep a 
>copy of your email logs.  Your system *requires* keeping information.

No, not a copy of your E-mails, but they most likely keep a copy of their mail 
server logs (messages in, messages delivered, from/to/IP, etc).

>>...(which probably wouldn't indicate, anyhow, what TYPE of attachments you'd

>Would it?  I don't know.  You haven't provided a specification.

Sorry about that.  Again, detailed blueprints require some work, and that's 
usually not free.

>>>You mother bounces email from your aunt. 

>>First of all, since she presumably has had an ongoing correspondence with the
>>aunt, she probably already has the appropriate permissions set, so that the
>>aunt's mail doesn't bounce.

>Every correspondence has to start somewhere.  They can't all be 
>pre-existing.  Your mother gives your aunt her email address over the 
>phone.  Three months later the aunt gets email and sends her a 
>message.  Pretty typical scenario.

Yup, no problem.

>>>The mail to your aunt (with the latest
>>  >pictures of the grandkids) didn't get through.  The instructions tell
>>  >her not to send HTML the first time.  She doesn't know what that
>>  >means (trust me, I've tried to explain the situation to *lots* of
>>  >email users).

>>If the accompanying instructions (whether in the return E-mail, or in the
>>suggested Web site it contains a URL pointer to) is good enough, then most
>>people will be able to understand and deal with the problem.

>That's very easy for you to say.  (And I see a wonderful opportunity 
>here for spammers to fake these messages, but that's an aside.)  I've 
>had to explain this kind of thing to non-technical users.  Have you? 

Of course.  As a computer consultant, I deal with users all the time, at all 
levels of technical expertise from guru to appalling ignorance.

>...Furthermore, they are not going to see the need. 

Every Internet user I've spoken with understands that spam is a problem, and 
wants to see something done about it.

>Here, let me give you a typical (and I mean typical, I get these all 
>the time) customer support call based on your system.

>Hello?
>Yes, I can't send email.
>I see.  What did it say?
>It said it couldn't send the mail.
>I see. What said it?
>The message I got back.
>I see. Do you have a copy of the message?
>No, I deleted it.
>Who were you sending email to?
>xxx@foo.com
>Can you send email to anyone else?
>I don't know
>..

ANY system which results in blocking unwanted or unapproved types of mails (spf, 
contents scanning, whatever) will result (at least initially) in questions about 
what happened and why.

It will be **far** more easy to explain to users that "you sent an attachment, 
and your intended recipient hasn't (yet?) set their E-mail permissions to allow 
your E-mail address to send them attachments" than to try to explain to them 
more esoteric stuff about reverse DNS lookups and unsecured mail relays and the 
techhie stuff of the sort that other proposals discussed here have been based 
upon.  The system I proposed works FAR more in tune with things that (even 
unsophisticated) end-users are likely to be able to understand (perhaps after 
some educational process and familiarization, but to some degree that's 
inevitable no matter WHAT we come up with).

>I'm not kidding.  That's how customer support goes.  They don't 
>*read* the error messages.  It's all magic.  It's all confusing. 
>They have no idea which parts are important and which are not.  They 
>don't know what to ignore.  Writing software for the average user is 
>incredibly difficult.  You and I, we're used to things.  When 
>something goes wrong, we know in a second what to look at.  We know 
>which part of the message is important, which should be ignored. 
>Most people have absolutely no idea.

I agree with you that the design of the system needs to be designed to be as 
user-friendly as possible, but I don't believe that's impossible (or even 
terribly difficult, actually) to do.

>>> She calls up your mother.  She can't help,

>>But she CAN, since if aunt calls mother, it would be a SIMPLE matter 
>>for mother
>>to set aunt's permissions to allow sending mother the desired attachment.  End
>>of problem... simple, quick, straightforward.

>When you've presented the design of the software, and how it's going 
>to be implemented by the dozens of email clients on different 
>platforms.  Then I can decide if you are right.  

I've already proposed one example a few messages ago about one (possibly 
multi-level) transition scenario.  See the archives if you missed it.

>But the burden of proof is on your side.  

I don't expect to get everyone (100.00%) to agree (on ANYTHING).  That's like 
herding cats.  My hopes are that SOME will be interested enough by my ideas that 
they'll give 'em some serious thought, and hopefully see the value in them.  I'd 
be glad to elaborate them further (hopefully in response to a specific and 
suitably funded project) and even perhaps proceed to software development, 
systems integration, and installation/documentation/training etc should someone 
be that interested.

> To me, it looks hard.  

I disagree.

>Start at the very 
>beginning.  Who is going to tell her about the bounce and all those 
>rules.  

Go back to the archives and review my recent post about one or two proposed 
transition-period approaches.

>She installs the latest version of Outlook Express and it 
>suddenly starts doing this.  How does she know about it?  Do you 
>think she reads the readme file?

Presumably she will read the E-mail in her inbox.

>>You're talking about costs to the ISP, and I'll point out that *none* of the
>>proposals I've seen here (spf, et al)... other than mine... have been about
>>significantly reducing overall bandwidth costs to the ISP.  What 
>>everyone seems
>>to think appropriate is adding additional layers of overhead to SMTP, DNS, etc
>>etc.  which ONLY increases total bandwidth used.

>Actually, Barry wants bulk mailers (spam or otherwise) to pay the ISP 
>for their email delivery.  

I don't think that's going to fly, if for no other reason than free non-profit 
community-of-interest mailing lists (such as Yahoogroups et al).

Originally, the argument made for offering outWATS service was that something 
like 80-90% of the cost of long distance telephone calls was the cost of billing 
you for them.  Supposedly, as the argument went at the time (back in mid-late 
1970's) the telcos were going to just disconnect all the billing and accounting 
stuff from those outgoing WATS lines and pass the cost savings on to flat-rate 
callers.  Somehow that fell through the cracks (until just recently, when we're 
finally getting around to a few companies planning to offer actual "free" 
nationwide long distance to residential customers for a flat monthly charge.)

Anyhow, this is another case like that... where the complexity and costs added 
due to the accounting and charging scheme have to ultimately be borne by 
SOMEBODY and the resulting system isn't likely to please much of anybody, and 
probably be a lot worse than what it replaced.

>I have a friend at one of the legit mail 
>houses, and she went around to a number of ISPs seeing if they liked 
>that idea--none of them did.

Of course not.  I don't think most users would be happy about it, either.

>But ask Barry if he thinks changing messages from HTML to text is 
>going to solve his problem.  

I don't think that it is by itself a magic bullet, no.  I do think, however, 
that (along with control over unexpected attachments, and possibly content 
scanning of the residual E-mail) it is a big and important step in returning 
control over their inbox back to the recipient... the person who is paying for 
it, and the person who is inconvenienced when their inbox overflows and blocks 
further incoming (often very important) mail.

>If you're trying to help the ISPs--why haven't any of them supported your idea?

Haven't discussed it with them yet (at least not directly, I don't know how many 
of them might be lurking here).

I first proposed my permissions list idea (here, at least) just about a week ago 
(a little bit earlier over on the spf-discuss list) and so to expect people to 
jump (publicly!) on the bandwagon that soon is fairly unrealistic.

Also, even if one or more of them ARE lurking here and maybe are or will be 
setting in motion a plan to implement something like what I propose, (or even 
just to discuss it at their inhouse strategy meetings)... since the result is 
one of those "competitive advantage" type of things, I wouldn't expect expect 
them to trumpet their interest publicly until they're ready to actually announce 
something.

>>Besides, as I think I've made VERY obvious, spam will be DRAMATICALLY reduced
>>(at least relative to without it!) by use of my permissions list... certainly

>You have made no such thing obvious.  In fact numerous people have 
>disagreed with you.  I've asked you for evidence of your belief--you 
>haven't even tried to provide it.

This has been discussed many times, go back and look over the archives for more 
details.

FACT 1:  Either spammers change to plain ASCII text E-mails or they don't.

FACT 2:  If they do, their spams will typically be something like 70% smaller 
(and sometimes A LOT MORE than that, depending on how much 
pure-bulk-HTML-based-obfuscation they added before).

FACT 3:  If they don't, their spams will be blocked by the default "no 
HTML-burdened mail from unknown/untrusted sender" policy.

Further, if they DO change to plain ASCII text E-mails, their mails will become 
easier and faster for content filters to deal with (and flatly preventing them 
from creating some new HTML-based strategem for avoiding the filtering), 
reducing the residual still further.

Their at-least-somewhat reduced (due to no HTML, no scripting, etc) ability to 
deceive in such E-mails also puts another rock in the path of the spammers being 
profitable, which is also likely to discourage at least SOME of them.

So, now, which of those three FACTs do you still pretend you disagree with, and 
why?

>>and probably both.  As a side benefit, the permissions list approach 
>>would take
>>a HUGE bite out of viruses/worms/trojans, too... which spf et al would almost

>How do you figure that?  Most viruses spread through address books. 
>If someone is in your address book, then you've almost certainly 
>communicated with them, in which case they'll clearly accept HTML 
>mail from you.

Right, but you probably don't accept attachments from the great majority of them 
(and if we implemented the further attachment-TYPE sublevel permissions, you 
probably accept executable attachment types from even fewer still).

And your point anyhow is a bogus one, at least in MY case, since none of the 
people *I* correspond with are likely to have their permission list set to allow 
*me* to send them HTML-burdened E-mail.  I just don't do that.

Likewise, a lot of the (often larger) senders that many people get mail from 
regularly (Yahoogroups lists, newsletters, mailing lists like this one) are not 
HTML-burdened so those senders wouldn't have to be set to allow HTML, either.

So your "you've almost certainly communicated with them, in which case they'll 
clearly accept HTML mail from you" is simply wrong.

>>I don't think ANYBODY can with a straight face pretend that HTML hasn't been
>>increasingly employed by spammers to "trick up" their E-mails to try 
>>to evade or
>>confuse filters put up to try to defend against it (as well as to try to
>>obfuscate the guilty parties, to try to make it harder for most recipients to
>>know who they should send their complaints to.)

>Evade filters.  Yes.  Confuse users?  Yes for some illegal scams. 
>But I seriously doubt that the majority of the spam out there uses 
>that technique.  Please provide numbers.

Sorry, that request goes beyond our "free support level". :-)

>>>You offer absolutely no evidence that convinces that removing
>>  >HTML email would have any impact at all on spammers.

>>I'll comment that NOBODY here has offered "proof" that ANYTHING that's been
>>proposed here would have "any impact at all" on spammers.

>On the contrary.  Payment systems clearly could have an impact on 
>spam.  

Is "could" your evasion, rather than "would"?  Anyhow, provide "proof".  You're 
the one who seems to want "proof".

I claim that the FACTS numbered above are pretty clear and unarguable.  Either 
way, I think it's clear that it would "have an impact" on spammers (either they 
change their policies (due to the impact!) and continue to get some of their 
spam delivered, or they don't and at isn't (i.e. impact!)).  You seem to think 
not, but can't seem to explain why.  I don't know what kind of "proof" you need, 
or why you think that spammers wouldn't be affected after arguing yourself that 
they would change their operations (sounds like that's evidence of 'impact' to 
me).

>Unfortunately their impact on normal email is too costly. 
>Ditto challenge/response.

I agree with you on those two points.  (I probably agree with those that payment 
systems would impact spam too, actually, even without "proof" you seem to call 
for, although I personally think the plan is still braindead and 
counter-productive, and hopefully nobody really plans to implement it.)

>>I don't see ANY POSSIBLE scenario in which such a "permissions list" approach
>>would NOT have an on spammers, their techniques and their methods.  If you CAN
>>imagine such a scenario, perhaps you'll share it with us.  :-)

>I did.  But you refuse to believe it, or to provide numbers to back 
>up your theory.

I must have missed it.  Which of the numbered FACTs enumerated above do you feel 
is not a valid claim, and why?

>>>Would they stop
>>>earning money all of a sudden because the spam was plain text? 

>>It is virtually certain that spam would become less productive for them.  The

>Numbers please.  What percentage of spam relies on those schemes.

Again, that analysis and reporting goes beyond 'free support levels'.  :-)

There are lots of folks out there who are willing to toss out programming jobs 
to see who will do 'em for free.  Even some folks who are interested enough (and 
with someone else paying the bills) sometimes to do the work.  In this case, I'm 
not going to take the bait.  Perhaps someone else here would be interested in 
researching that further.

>>I don't know why we even have to discuss stuff like this here.  Most of the
>>readers on this list ought to have seen more than enough of these kinds of
>>things to understand the problem, and to realize that HTML is a BIG 
>>part of the

>Is there any possibility that all the people on the list might be 
>right, and you might be wrong?  Or that even if you *are* right, 
>everyone on the lists realizes that your solution is not feasible, 
>either technically, or from a business standpoint, and therefore not 
>worth consideration?

Possibility?  Sure.  Nearly anything's possible.

I feel that my solution is feasible (CERTAINLY it's feasible technically... I 
haven't heard ANYBODY make any serious and convincing case to the contrary).

From a business standpoint, how well it would turn out would depend on how well 
it was implemented (same as a LOT of software projects).  There's nothing in my 
proposal, though, which PREVENTS it from being implemented well.

>>>You've shown no benefit,

>>Rubbish.

>>I think that the benefit is substantial and UNDENIABLE.

>"think" != "show"

Again, tell me which of the three numbered FACTS above are probably incorrect, 
and why.

I've put up a number of assertions, you claim you don't agree and that I haven't 
made my case, but you refuse to tell me which specific (and pretty inarguable I 
think) statements you take issue with.

>>Which software are you talking about that you think would have to be
>>"rewritten"?

>All the MTAs (if you want to block at that level) 

Doesn't _require_ a rewrite (certainly!!), and could even be implemented as an 
external module apart from the main MTA code.  Again, those are implementation 
details that can be determined during more detailed design and implementation 
stages.

If the logic were to be ADDED to existing MTA software, it would be a 
MODIFICATION (not a "rewrite", I think).  But there are a number of options 
there, with various tradeoffs associated with each.  A lot would depend on the 
needs and other systems in place at specific ISPs.

>and all the MUAs 
>(so as to avoid sending HTML the first time, at the very least).  

To change the default of Outlook Express (say) to "don't send HTML" is a change 
in the default setting.  To refer to such a (very!) minor code change as a 
"rewrite" is quite laughable.

>And 
>then (as you proposed above) you need ways to import and export 
>permissions lists and move them with you.  This in a market where the 
>leading email program doesn't even give you a way to move your 
>*address book* from one computer to another.

I don't make excuses for poor design of other people's software, but please 
don't saddle me (or the industry in general) with their design sins.

There could be a whole variety of ways to handle such issues, and it's not 
crucial to my concept that we even decide on a specific one.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>>>>You have mentioned before that even if only ASCII spam is being delivered
>> >that will reduce the overall bandwidth consumer. HOWEVER, that will not
>> >reduce the total number of spam items in someone's inbox.

>>First, people's inbox capacity is never (in my experience) limited by 
>>number of
>>messages... always by number of megabytes.

>End users care much more about the number of messages they have to delete, 
>than number of megabytes the inbox takes especially in the age of large 
>hard drives and broadband connections.

I'm not talking about their local Outlook/OutlookExpress/Eudora/etc Inbox, I'm 
talking about their limited-size ISP-provided POP3 mailboxes... the ones which 
overflow and cause their important mail to bounce.

If you will be away from the office for days/weeks/months and unable to devote 
your usual attention to E-mails (say, a transpacific ocean voyage, which I did a 
year or two ago) these issues can become VERY important.

Also, I contend that they're generally less concerned with _number_ of spam 
messages they receive, exactly, than they are with the aggregate amount of time 
they have to devote to dealing with them.  If there were some five-second way of 
dealing with them en masse and with confidence, whether there had been ten of 
them or ten thousand of them would ITSELF matter relatively little.  (All other 
things being equal, and issues of ISP inbox limitations and overflow blocking 
and download time aside).

>>Second, if spammers are unable to pull a lot of the tricks and deceptions 
>>that
>>they do at present, I believe that a lot of spam that presently "works"
>>economically will no longer be viable.

>Agreed but the very nature of spam has nothing to do with HTML tricks - 

True, but the use of those HTML tricks is by itself a good "indicator" of likely 
spam, since few people but spammers seem to ever use them in E-mail.

For example, I don't think I've ever seen a case of an innocent, legitimate 
E-mail that legitimately needed or used Javascript.  And certainly nothing that 
you'd want to receive from someone you didn't know, and that you hadn't 
developed an understanding with regarding that form of E-mail messages.

>it has to do with "how spammers amplify their distribution channels while 
>keeping costs nearly at zero" in Barry Shain's words.

Again, those trojans are propagated and installed primarily either by scripting 
and/or attachments.  Restricting those e-mail features by default on a 
"need-to-use" basis will eliminate at least the great majority of such stuff.

>I think that we had plenty of arguments both ways, and both camps are 
>staying were they are. I would suggest that either you or someone else, 
>write up a BCP or RFC, plus create some working code and get back to the 
>group. 

I'd be glad to collaborate with someone wishing to proceed with something more 
formal, particularly if there is funding for the effort.

>Not that I am advocating the banning of HTML... 

Nor am I, although I'd like to see a lot of the pointless and gratuitous use of 
it in E-mails come to an end.  The waste is particularly annoying and egregious 
in spam, where you don't want the crap to begin with.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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On Sun, 22 Jun 2003, Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com> wrote:
>Several of my messages that you have replied to were NOT sent to the 
>list.  They contains statements which I made specifically because I 
>knew they were NOT being posted in a list context.  

We are discussing the issue on a public discussion list.

I don't notice anything that appeared particularly sensitive in what you wrote 
to me.  If you want to say something sensitive and wish that it be kept secret, 
then I suggest that you identify it specifically as such.

If your purpose is just to tie up my time in non-productive offlist discussion, 
frankly, I've got better things to do with my time.  I'm offering my suggestions 
here in hopes that SOME of the people here will find them interesting and 
worthwhile.  I'm not going to get involved in wasteful private and individual 
discussions about how many angels can dance on the head of a pin, and other 
largely pointless details (and particularly not with individuals whose primary 
thrust seems to be hostile to what I'm proposing, to begin with).  I've simply 
got other demands on my time.

>Since you don't 
>seem capable of following basic email etiquette, I'm sure you'll be 
>delighted to know that you will not be receiving any further email 
>from me.  

Suits me fine, actually.  I think your comments haven't been terribly 
constructive on this proposal, in any case.  

>(And thank goodness, I won't have to read any more of the 
>email you insist in sending out in your format, ignoring the 
>formatting preferences of all your recpients--how ironic.)

Please do feel free to block my E-mails if they frustrate and annoy you more 
than any value you see in them.  All recipients (should!) have that right.  
Nobody should EVER try to FORCE anybody else to read what they say.  (Life's 
just too short to comply with that level of demands on our time.)

>Warning to list members.  Do not reply to gep2 unless you wish to 
>have your words made public.

I'm certainly capable of maintaining a confidence, when that is warranted.  But 
if you're trying to involve me in some kind of behind-the-scenes whispering 
intrigue, or in something shady that you don't want to be held accountable for, 
I'm not interested in wasting my time on games like that, sorry.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: [Asrg] Proposal: Separate ISP(s) for "guaranteed delivery" of email
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 07:09:05 -0400

On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 11:23:09AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote

>  From the charter:
> "The definition of spam messages is not clear and is not consistent
> across different individuals or organizations. Therefore, we
> generalize the problem into "consent-based communication". This
> means that an individual or organization should be able to express
> consent or lack of consent for certain communication and have the
> architecture support those desires. "
> 
> We have no architecture in place for consent-based communications.
> First lets develop that architecture, and than we can decide what
> goes into it.

  This posting contains a mixture of social/legal/business commentary,
and technical solution.  The social/legal/business commentary is an
explanation of why we need a technical solution, and the bad
consequences resulting if we don't come up with that technical solution.

Business commentary
===================
  Some businesses foolishly rely on email, and cannot function without
it.  Email never has been "five-nines" dependable, is not "five-nines" 
dependable now, and (given its current architecture) never will be
"five-nines" dependable.  Deal with it.  A serious business would never
consider hosting on an el-cheapo website or using an el-cheapo email
provider.  They get the best they can afford, along with an SLA (Service
Level Agreement).  They send out email from a "high-availability" email
provider, with SLA, to customers who happen to be on... wait for it...
el-cheapo $10/month dialup ISPs, or even freebie ISPs.
  The chain is only as strong as its weakest link, and things break down
at the residential ISP end.  El-cheapo ISPs have 5-megabyte inboxes, and
freebie services may only allocate 2 megabytes.  And when your inbox is
full, everything incoming bounces.  Given customer complaints about spam,
plus trying to conserve disc space and bandwidth, the residential ISP
has no choice but to institute some form of blocking.  Barring the
development of computer clairvoyance, there will be collateral damage.

Social commentary
=================
  Marketers are pathological in their inability to take "NO" for an
answer.  They will abuse any system to the maximum extent possible to
get their way.  They would prefer opt-out, but they will abuse opt-in, I
guarantee it.  Real life examples...

  A) A common occurence on the news.admin.net-abuse.email newsgroup is

     Step 1) a "permission-based-mailer" whining about being blocked.
             After it's pointed out that they're sending unsolicited
             email, i.e. spam, they swear up and down that they are
             really, really, really "double-opt-in".

     Step 2) after people trot out their logs showing huge numbers of
             of delivery attempts to *NON-EXISTANT* addresses, which
             couldn't possibly have replied to a subscription confirm
             request, the story changes to "but, but, but, our customer
             swears up and down that it's a double-opt-in list".

     Step 3) Later it changes to "The guy who sold our customer the CD
             of umpteen million email addresses in a back alley swore
             up and down that they're all double opt-in".

  B) Slamming; i.e. the practice of some long distance providers getting
     you switched to their service when they falsely claim that you
     requested the switch.  This is morally equivalent to the lie that
     "you opted in to our mailing list".

Legal commentary
================
  As I pointed out in "Business Commentary" there are businesses that
depend on email.  They will press for some form of guaranteed delivery
to keep their businesses functioning.  I fear that the result will be
some sort of "must-carry" legislation.

Consequences
============
  Kiss personal email good-bye as your inbox gets mailbombed into
oblivion by marketers *claiming* that you opted in (slammers and
spammers are similar in that regard).  Up till now, blocking has kept
email usable.  The legislated removal of blocking means chaos.

  The spammers-in-pinstripe-suits will push for "must-carry" legislation
for their own reasons.  I fear that email-depandant businesses will be
what Stalin called "useful idiots" for the revolution.  They will think
they're acting in their own interests, but they'll actually end up
furthering the cause of marketers.

How to Avoid This
=================
  The marketers will always push for "must-carry".  What we must do is
present a technical solution that guarantees delivery of essential
business-communication email, such that universal "must-carry"
legislation is seen by legitimate (non-marketer) businesses to be
unnecessary.

The Proposal
============
  Business phone lines cost more than residential phone lines, and ditto
for business versus residential ISP connections.  The best analogy is
regular paper mail.  Ordinary letters are often insufficient for
business and/or legal purposes.  If you want to guarantee speedy
delivery (or delivery, period) you expect to pay extra for registered
mail or for a courier.  Businesses will probably accept "business ISPs"
that guarantee delivery *TO CUSTOMERS OF THAT OR ANOTHER BUSINESS ISP*.

  I am suggesting a major paradigm change.  Up til now people have been
used to "THE email system".  My proposal is to rename "THE email system"
to "Personal Email" and create a parallel system called "Business Email".
"Business Email" would cost extra, and *TRANSMISSION* would be only via a
per-email and per-megabyte user fee.  The general public could join with
free "read-only" accounts, with the option of sending one-off messages
for a low fee.  This would literally be the best of both worlds...

  - businesses would be guaranteed the delivery of important documents
    because business ISPs could charge sufficient fees to finance a
    sufficiently robust infra-structure.

  - today's email system, used by Grandma to keep in touch with the
    grandkids, wouldn't have to be totally perverted for the sake of
    big business.

  General chit-chat and even business queries could be done via personal
email.  Guaranteed delivery and irrevocable proof-of-receipt would be
strictly over business ISPs.  Rather than universal "must-carry",
residential ISPs would only be faced with "must-allow-client-access" to
business ISPs.  This would mean not blocking SSL or SSH or VPN or
webmail or any other access *ORIGINATED BY CUSTOMERS OF THE PERSONAL ISP*
connecting to the business ISP.  This does *NOT* include SMTP delivery
of email from a business ISP to a residential ISP.

  Many details remain to be filled in.  Comments, suggestions ?

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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Subject: [Asrg] News Article - The ease of hijacking domain names
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 12:13:26 -0400

Just ran across a Wired article 
(http://www.wired.com/news/business/0,1367,59327,00.html) discussion the 
ease with which domain names can be hijacked. This goes hand in hand with 
the recent Security Focus article about IP address hijacking.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  


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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 12:34:14 -0400

At 01:34 AM 6/23/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>[..]
>
> >it has to do with "how spammers amplify their distribution channels while
> >keeping costs nearly at zero" in Barry Shain's words.
>
>Again, those trojans are propagated and installed primarily either by 
>scripting
>and/or attachments.  Restricting those e-mail features by default on a
>"need-to-use" basis will eliminate at least the great majority of such stuff.
>
> >I think that we had plenty of arguments both ways, and both camps are
> >staying were they are. I would suggest that either you or someone else,
> >write up a BCP or RFC, plus create some working code and get back to the
> >group.
>
>I'd be glad to collaborate with someone wishing to proceed with something 
>more
>formal, particularly if there is funding for the effort.

BTW, both the IRTF/IETF are volunteer organizations. Funding is not 
expected here.

Also, I would like to point something out here. This discussion has dragged 
on for quiet a while, partly because people have confused your proposal 
with regular HTML blocking. Your proposal does not advocate straight out 
HTML blocking, rather developing a system where the receiver can give 
senders permission for sending HTML email after the initial ASCII email 
went through. In another words, you are seeking to develop a system where 
receiver of email can give block incoming email based on certain rules (in 
your case HTML, attachements, etc.) and give permission to those senders 
that he knows to allow the stuff to come through. How is this different 
from the following statements:

"Therefore, we generalize the problem into "consent-based communication". 
This means that an individual or organization should be able to express 
consent or lack of consent for certain communication and have the 
architecture support those desires. "

What you are seeking to create is a consent-based system - a system that 
blocks email based on certain rules and allows the receiver to express 
consent for certain senders. This is the goal of the entire group as stated 
in the charter. In your specific proposal these rules would be HTML, 
attachments, etc. - in C/R systems this would be all senders that are not 
whitelisted. The underlying concept is still the same - there is a need for 
a consent-based system.

There are other aspects of your proposal that are outside this 
"consent-based" system such as plain HTML blocking, need to educate 
software creators on the dangers of default HTML settings in email clients, 
etc. These goals can be accomplished by creating a site similar to the "Web 
Standards Project" (http://www.webstandards.org) like I had mentioned in an 
earlier message to Vernon.

Now keeping that in mind and the fact that the group is chartered to 
created such system, we should start discussing this on the list. Among the 
collaborative effort of the people in the group we can come up with 
something useful.

Yakov





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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 12:37:24 -0400

Considering the HTML discussion that has been going on,. I would like to 
start a new thread on discussing consent systems as per our charter 
(Gordon's proposal seeks to create a specific consent-based system). The 
charter (http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html) states:

---snip---
The Anti-Spam Research Group (ASRG) focuses on the problem of unwanted 
email messages, loosely referred to as spam. The scale, growth, and effect 
of spam on the Internet have generated considerable interest in addressing 
this problem. Once considered a nuisance, spam has grown to account for a 
large percentage of the mail volume on the Internet. This unwanted traffic 
stands to affect local networks, the infrastructure, and the way that 
people use email.

The definition of spam messages is not clear and is not consistent across 
different individuals or organizations. Therefore, we generalize the 
problem into "consent-based communication". This means that an individual 
or organization should be able to express consent or lack of consent for 
certain communication and have the architecture support those desires. 
Expressing consent is more straightforward on an individual basis; as the 
solution is moved closer to the source, it is more difficult to express a 
policy that satisfies all downstream receivers. The research group will 
investigate the feasibility of: (1) a single architecture that supports 
this and (2) a framework that allows different systems to be plugged in to 
provide different pieces of the solution.

Possible components of such a framework may include:
Consent Expression Component: This involves recipients expressing a policy 
that gives consent or non-consent for certain types of communications

Policy Enforcement Component: This involves subsystems within the 
communication system that enforce the policy. The overall framework may 
involve multiple subsystems within the policy enforcement component. This 
may involve fail-open or fail-closed approaches. With a fail-open approach, 
the system must identify messages that do not have consent. For example, 
this may include approaches that determine the nature of a message based on 
its characteristics or input from a collaborative filtering system. With a 
fail-closed approach, the system must identify messages that do have 
consent and only allow those to be delivered. For example, consent may be 
expressed by a policy, by a "consent token" within the message, or by some 
payment that essentially purchases consent or delivery rights.

Source Tracking Component: This component provides deterrence to parties 
that consider violating the policy by facilitating identification and 
tracking of senders that violate the policy. This may require 
non-repudiation at the original sender, the sender's ISP, or some other 
entities involved in the communication system.
Note that "consent" need not necessarily be in advance. It is within scope 
for ASRG to consider frameworks in which receivers express their lack of 
consent only after having received a message.

The purpose of the ASRG is to understand the problem and collectively 
propose and evaluate solutions to the problem. While some techniques focus 
on local text classification approaches, many traditional and evolving 
techniques include approaches that involve new network architectures or 
changes to the existing applications and protocols.

ASRG will investigate the spam problem as a large-scale network problem. 
The ASRG will begin its work by developing a taxonomy of the problem and 
the proposed solutions. This taxonomy should involve casting the spam 
problem into different perspectives, such as examining the similarities 
between spam and denial-of-service; spam and intrusion 
detection/prevention; and spam and authentication, authorization, and 
accounting.

ASRG will consider the issues of deployment for proposed solutions, 
emphasizing the investigation of methods that have a realistic chance of 
wide-scale deployment.

The work of the ASRG will also include investigating techniques to evaluate 
the usefulness and cost of proposed solutions. Usefulness is described by 
the effectiveness, accuracy, and incentive structure of the system. The 
cost of the system refers to the burden imposed on users and operators of 
the communications system. These costs include any changes to the normal 
use of the system or actual changes in the monetary costs of using the 
system. The group will investigate evaluation infrastructures such as 
public trace data archives and research tools to measure and analyze the 
problem and the solutions.

ASRG will not pursue research into legal issues of spam, other than the 
extent to which these issues affect, support, or constrain the technology.
---snip---


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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
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Subject: [Asrg] EarthLink releases "spamBlocker"
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 14:19:11 -0400

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0025_01C33992.6ADB47F0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="US-ASCII"
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Earthlink has now released their "spamBlocker" which includes
"permission based" email.
See:
http://www.earthlink.net/elink/issue24/focus.html
 
        bob wyman
 

------=_NextPart_000_0025_01C33992.6ADB47F0
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<TITLE>Message</TITLE>

<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1170" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D618521618-23062003><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>Earthlink has now=20
released their "spamBlocker" which includes "permission based"=20
email.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D618521618-23062003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>See:</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D618521618-23062003><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://www.earthlink.net/elink/issue24/focus.html">http://www.ear=
thlink.net/elink/issue24/focus.html</A></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D618521618-23062003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN =
class=3D618521618-23062003>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>bob wyman</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D618521618-23062003><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0025_01C33992.6ADB47F0--


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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Dr. Jeffrey Race'" <jrace@attglobal.net>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 07:54:44 -0700

As one of the people who worked on HTML when <IMG> went in (unilaterally and
without any real chance for comment), I have always considered this feature
to be a bug.

Unauthenticated executable content of any kind has no place in email. There
is no cause to send unsolicited and unauthenticated Java, Active-X or
Javascript. The <IMG> tag referencing an external object is causing a
programmed action I think it should be blocked by default as well.

HTML worked and works just fine without external references or executable
content. 


The IETF could try to issue an edict to stop HTML email but the market
simply won't listen. Issuing an RFC does not change the world. 

Warning MUA authors off executable content in unauthenticated email might
work. The principle is already accepted in general...


		Phill


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dr. Jeffrey Race [mailto:jrace@attglobal.net]
> Sent: Friday, June 20, 2003 11:57 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail
> 
> 
> On Fri, 20 Jun 2003 11:29:18 -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
> >>    1)  Their spam will be less effective;
> >
> >How?
> 
> Much/most html spam includes webbugs to verify identity of the
> mark and so validate the address
> 
> Jeffrey Race
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Jun 23 14:55:39 2003
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Economic model is borken. (sic.) Let's fix it
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 12:16:38 -0400

Dead right - we have been saying this for a long time - if you don't want 
to bother registering ONCE to get your message through, you have decided 
that your message is just not that important.

Dr. David Jameson
CTO, DigiPortal Software Inc





>Is that a bug, or a feature?
>
>I've heard a similar objection to simple confirmation whitelists, and my
>answer is "feature."  If the sender values the message so little that they
>won't do something simple to get it through to me, then there's no reason
>that I should value it enough to read it.


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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 13:15:50 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>

> It is not that difficult to strip out HTML tags with a FSR of about
> 10 states. 
> ...

For now, I think a simplistic parser with fewer than 10 states related to
HTML is sufficient, but I anticipate needing a more complicated mechanism.

It's not merely that you need somewhat more than 10 states to detect
elements (as opposed to tags) in order to know, for example, where
font and color settings end.  Netscape 7 and Internet Explorer do
various visible things that depends on parsing that can only be done
with some backtracking.  A trivial example is that both consider
<!--this--> to be a comment but <!--not-this-- > contrary to
http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/intro/sgmltut.html#idx-HTML
Netscape 7 and Internet Explorer consider <!--stuff<and><nonsense-- >
as two tags instead of one comment.


> Strange tags and com<!-- stupid stuff -->ments can be elided but they
> are a very reliable spam indicator. If email has an html comment in the
> middle of a spamword that increases the probability it is spam.
>
> This is one case of a spam sender countermeasure that backfires.

That popular filters have been adjusted in that direction may be why
the more advanced spammers have stopped using that particular tactic.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Cc: "'Dr. Jeffrey Race'" <jrace@attglobal.net>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail 
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Hallam-Baker, Phillip said:

> Unauthenticated executable content of any kind has no place in email. There
> is no cause to send unsolicited and unauthenticated Java, Active-X or
> Javascript. The <IMG> tag referencing an external object is causing a
> programmed action I think it should be blocked by default as well.
> 
> HTML worked and works just fine without external references or executable
> content. 

+1, I agree strongly.

BTW it's even more complex now, since many legit mail-sending operations
consider "web bugs" (1x1 pixel external IMGs with an identifying tag)
to be good practice in measuring mail views. :(

--j.

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Cc: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information...
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 15:30:47 -0400
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On June 22, 2003 at 22:10 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > >Now, would it be possible to scan similarly for systems infected with
 > >Jeem or one of the other spammer slave bugs?
 > >
 > 
 > This is something that Dshield.org is already doing - people are submitting 
 > their firewall logs, and when enough evidence accumulates that an infested 
 > computer is present, his ISP is informed.
 > 
 > >Anyhow, this all starts with whether it's possible to write a piece of
 > >software which begins to scan the net for infected systems? I don't
 > >know enough about these specific viruses right now to answer that
 > >question: Do they use hard to guess passwords? Do they give failure
 > >indications on use of a bad passwd which identifies the infection, or
 > >listen on a specific port, etc?
 > 
 > I do not know if such scanner is possible since its behavior maybe be 
 > though off as malicious since it will be using and scanning the same ports 
 > that viruses are.

[I chopped the above a little to try to get to the meat]

I thought you said above that Dshield.org is already doing something
like this? Or did I misunderstand?

 > >Maybe we should also issue an RFC that simply says that the days of
 > >computer, including personal and desktop computer, operating systems
 > >being vulnerable to viruses (within some problem definition) should
 > >have been over years ago via widely distributed and well-known
 > >techniques utilized in highly successful and comparable operating
 > >systems software.
 > >
 > >As such, any operating system which does not meet a minimum standard
 > >of being viral resistant (obviously some detail is needed here) and is
 > >connected to the internet is non-conformant to RFC XYZZY or however
 > >that's usually worded and is a potential hazard to the net at large.
 > >[..]
 > 
 > And do we seriously think that Microsoft would care about some RFC? When 

   1. Is the criteria now that we should only propose work-product
      (e.g., an RFC) which Microsoft approves or is likely to adhere
      to?

   2. Are there any other companies we should consider or only
      Microsoft?

   3. Or is the criteria you are now proposing that all companies (it
      might affect) must be willing to adopt any work-product of this
      group? So arguing (you don't really know what MS will do, do
      you?) that just one company (in this case MS) might not adopt it
      is grounds for rejection?

 > was the last time Microsoft cared about an Internet standard when its not 
 > in their interest? Take the HTML example and the various related 

   1. How do you know what is in Microsoft's interest? Do you speak
      for Microsoft?

   2. Assuming you are correct, and you may well be, should we not
      pursue the truth even if it's not entirely in Microsoft's
      pecuniary interests?

   3. Do any significant purchasers of MS (industry, govt) issue RFPs
      which indicate that compliance with various RFCs form a minimum
      criteria for a vendor to be considered?

 > discussions as to changing the default MUA behavior as per HTML. What might 
 > actually force Microsoft to make their OS more secure is increased 
 > competition from Linux and other Unixes.

Well, I don't know that I plan to "force" MS to do anything, in
particular via ASRG.

However, if it is true that a major source of spam is the exploitation
of viruses infecting vulnerable operating systems then it seems we
could, as a work-product, state that truth officially.

Even if it isn't in the best possible interest of Microsoft (something
which remains to be shown.)

If it's true that this group is to be bounded by Microsoft's pecuniary
interests, as you claim, then I think we have a real problem.

When did the IETF become a subsidiary of Microsoft?

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Vernon Schryver'" <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] "more readable"
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> It's not merely that you need somewhat more than 10 states to detect
> elements (as opposed to tags) in order to know, for example, where
> font and color settings end.  Netscape 7 and Internet Explorer do
> various visible things that depends on parsing that can only be done
> with some backtracking.  A trivial example is that both consider
> <!--this--> to be a comment but <!--not-this-- > contrary to
> http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/intro/sgmltut.html#idx-HTML
> Netscape 7 and Internet Explorer consider <!--stuff<and><nonsense-- >
> as two tags instead of one comment.

That bug was originally introduced by Netscape and IE then copied it to be
compatible.

The reason the bug exists is that the Netscape guys had sat through too many
comp sci lectures on yacc and LR(1) parsing. They never did clue into the
fact that Goldfarb had never read that stuff and that as a result parsing
SGML with an LR(1) parser is a not-happening proposition.


		Phill
 

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> That's true of privacy and security complaints but not spam. 
> A safe and sane HTML-enabled MUA that doesn't dereference URLs and
> never executes scripts without the explict informed opinion of a human
> user would be an irritant for spam filtering.  Spam filtering must
> deal with <strange tags> and <!--comments-->, just to name two things
> that are easy to handle and not mentioning other things that are more
> hassle since there's no reason instruct the slower spammers reading
> this mailing list.

It is not that difficult to strip out HTML tags with a FSR of about
10 states. 

Strange tags and com<!-- stupid stuff -->ments can be elided but they
are a very reliable spam indicator. If email has an html comment in the
middle of a spamword that increases the probability it is spam.

This is one case of a spam sender countermeasure that backfires.

	Phill

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From: "Jed Margolin" <jmsml@jmargolin.com>
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Since Carnivore and TIA are already reading everyone's email anyway, they
should set up an account called spam@carnivore.gov  .

Anytime a mass mailing of an identical, or almost identical, or
substantially identical email results in more than 50% of the recipients
complaining to spam@carnivore.gov that it is spam, the spammer will be
tracked down, declared an enemy combatant, and thrown into a military
prison, never to be heard from again.

The owners of ISPs providing accounts to such spammers will be treated
similarly unless they are big companies that make substantial campaign
contributions to the right people.

It won't require any new mail protocols. You won't have to worry about
anyone asserting patent rights. It won't even require new laws.

The only thing left to decide is what threshold to use.

How about a 100 email minimum ?

And we'll need a catchy name for the new War on Spam. Any ideas?


Jedidiah  Margolin





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Subject: [Asrg] News Article - Editorial on spam by Bill Gates
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 16:27:42 -0400
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The following is a Wall Street Journal Editiorial written by Bill Gates o=
f=20
Microsoft (http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=3D1100=
03662):

--snip---
MAIL CALL
Why I Hate Spam
And what we're doing about it.

BY BILL GATES
Monday, June 23, 2003 12:01 a.m.

SEATTLE--Like almost everyone who uses e-mail, I receive a ton of spam=20
every day. Much of it offers to help me get out of debt or get rich quick=
.=20
It would be funny if it weren't so irritating.

But spam is worse than irritating. It is a drain on business productivity=
,=20
an increasingly costly waste of time and resources that clogs corporate=20
networks and distracts workers. Among consumers, it spreads scams,=20
pornography and even computer viruses. Worse, spammers prey on less=20
sophisticated e-mail users, including children, threatening their safety=20
and privacy. And as everyone struggles to sift spam from their inboxes,=20
valid messages are sometimes overlooked or deleted, which makes e-mail le=
ss=20
useful and reliable as a channel for communication and legitimate=20
e-commerce. In short, spam threatens to undo much of the good that e-mail=
=20
has achieved.

As part of our drive to create a more trustworthy computing environment,=20
this month, Microsoft filed 15 lawsuits in the U.S. and U.K. against=20
companies and individuals alleged to have sent billions of spam messages =
in=20
violation of state and federal laws. In addition to filing civil lawsuits=
=20
and taking other enforcement actions, we are significantly stepping up ou=
r=20
efforts to fight spam through technological innovation and cooperation wi=
th=20
government and industry leaders. We are developing more effective anti-sp=
am=20
filters and other technologies that build on our research into fields suc=
h=20
as machine learning--the design of systems that learn from data and grow=20
smarter over time. These "smart" systems are vital to the fight against=20
spam because every defensive action causes spammers to change their=20
tactics. Technology, to be effective, must continuously adapt too.

Already, spam filters built into MSN and Hotmail servers block 2.4 billio=
n=20
messages a day before they reach subscribers' inboxes. We have assembled =
a=20
vast and fast-growing database of spam, which will be used by a forthcomi=
ng=20
version of our Outlook e-mail software to block spam more effectively. An=
d=20
a new version of our Exchange e-mail server will include advanced anti-sp=
am=20
features. Our goal is to do everything possible to secure e-mail systems=20
with servers that monitor and control the points of entry.

But a single company can't stem the tide of spam alone. So we are working=
=20
with other industry leaders such as AOL, Yahoo! and Earthlink on a range =
of=20
joint initiatives. For example, we are battling spammers who set up=20
numerous e-mail accounts and move from service to service to avoid=20
detection. To put an end to this shell game, we are sharing information s=
o=20
that we can keep tabs on roving spammers and shut them down more=20
effectively. Spammers also go to great lengths to conceal or "spoof" thei=
r=20
identities, so we are partnering with other service providers to identify=
=20
and restrict mail that conceals its source. And we are creating a system =
to=20
verify sender addresses, much as recipients' addresses are verified today.

A key to eliminating spam is establishing clear guidelines for legitimate=
=20
commercial e-mail. With industry and consumer groups, we are developing=20
best-practice guidelines to help responsible companies understand how to=20
reach their customers without spamming them. Congress could help by=20
providing a strong incentive for businesses to adopt e-mail best practice=
s.=20
Our proposal is to create a regulatory "safe harbor" status for senders w=
ho=20
comply with e-mail guidelines confirmed by an FTC-approved self-regulator=
y=20
body. Senders who do not comply would have to insert an "ADV:"=20
label--standing for advertisement--in the subject line of all unsolicited=
=20
commercial e-mail. This would enable computer users either to accept=20
ADV-labeled mail or to have it deleted automatically.

As less junk mail reaches recipients--and violators face stiffer sanction=
s=20
for illegal activities--the financial incentives for spammers will=20
decrease, and spamming will lose its appeal.

Then maybe we can all focus on the e-mail that's actually worth reading.

Mr. Gates is chairman and chief software architect of Microsoft Corp.

Copyright =A9 2003 Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
---snip---=20


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To: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information...
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 16:38:32 -0400

At 03:30 PM 6/23/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 22, 2003 at 22:10 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
>  > >Now, would it be possible to scan similarly for systems infected with
>  > >Jeem or one of the other spammer slave bugs?
>  > >
>  >
>  > This is something that Dshield.org is already doing - people are 
> submitting
>  > their firewall logs, and when enough evidence accumulates that an 
> infested
>  > computer is present, his ISP is informed.
>  >
>  > >Anyhow, this all starts with whether it's possible to write a piece of
>  > >software which begins to scan the net for infected systems? I don't
>  > >know enough about these specific viruses right now to answer that
>  > >question: Do they use hard to guess passwords? Do they give failure
>  > >indications on use of a bad passwd which identifies the infection, or
>  > >listen on a specific port, etc?
>  >
>  > I do not know if such scanner is possible since its behavior maybe be
>  > though off as malicious since it will be using and scanning the same 
> ports
>  > that viruses are.
>
>[I chopped the above a little to try to get to the meat]
>
>I thought you said above that Dshield.org is already doing something
>like this? Or did I misunderstand?

Sorry about being confusing. DShield.org collects data from PASSIVE sources 
such as firewalls detecting attacks. What you were proposing is an ACTIVE 
scanner, one that actually goes ahead looking for security holes and viruses.


>  > >Maybe we should also issue an RFC that simply says that the days of
>  > >computer, including personal and desktop computer, operating systems
>  > >being vulnerable to viruses (within some problem definition) should
>  > >have been over years ago via widely distributed and well-known
>  > >techniques utilized in highly successful and comparable operating
>  > >systems software.
>  > >
>  > >As such, any operating system which does not meet a minimum standard
>  > >of being viral resistant (obviously some detail is needed here) and is
>  > >connected to the internet is non-conformant to RFC XYZZY or however
>  > >that's usually worded and is a potential hazard to the net at large.
>  > >[..]
>  >
>  > And do we seriously think that Microsoft would care about some RFC? When
>
>    1. Is the criteria now that we should only propose work-product
>       (e.g., an RFC) which Microsoft approves or is likely to adhere
>       to?

Anything that is proposed in regards to operating systems and MUA, must 
take into account the world's most used OS - Windows. Thus, Microsoft mus 
be taken into account. I have no problems with proposing solutions that 
Microsoft's is unlikely to approve - but then again they are unlikely to be 
implemented.

>    2. Are there any other companies we should consider or only
>       Microsoft?

We should consider all manufacturers of operating systems including Apple 
(Mac OS), Sun (Solaris), Linux, etc. We should also consider major MUA 
manufacturers - Qualcomm (Eudora), Pine, etc. But historically the open 
source community has been much better at following standards than 
closed-source.

>    3. Or is the criteria you are now proposing that all companies (it
>       might affect) must be willing to adopt any work-product of this
>       group? So arguing (you don't really know what MS will do, do
>       you?) that just one company (in this case MS) might not adopt it
>       is grounds for rejection?

I am arguing that unless we know that Microsoft is willing to adopt our 
proposal it would not have a high chance of success. However, I am 
definitely not against such proposal - just pointing out that it probably 
would not be successful. And yes, you are correct I do not know what 
Microsoft will do. However, their past history suggests that they will not 
confirm.

>  > was the last time Microsoft cared about an Internet standard when its not
>  > in their interest? Take the HTML example and the various related
>
>    1. How do you know what is in Microsoft's interest? Do you speak
>       for Microsoft?

I am basing this on their past history. But contacting Microsoft might 
settle the issue.

>    2. Assuming you are correct, and you may well be, should we not
>       pursue the truth even if it's not entirely in Microsoft's
>       pecuniary interests?

We should proceed but we should take into account Microsoft's monopoly on 
desktop OSes, and its near monopoly on MUAs (Outlook Express). Ways of 
dealing with Windows/Outlook users should be taken into account/

>    3. Do any significant purchasers of MS (industry, govt) issue RFPs
>       which indicate that compliance with various RFCs form a minimum
>       criteria for a vendor to be considered?

I am not aware of any but it is a very good idea.


>  > discussions as to changing the default MUA behavior as per HTML. What 
> might
>  > actually force Microsoft to make their OS more secure is increased
>  > competition from Linux and other Unixes.
>
>Well, I don't know that I plan to "force" MS to do anything, in
>particular via ASRG.
>
>However, if it is true that a major source of spam is the exploitation
>of viruses infecting vulnerable operating systems then it seems we
>could, as a work-product, state that truth officially.

I agree with that, stating facts would help. One idea which I suggested in 
another email, is perhaps creating an "Email Standards Project" similar to 
the "Web Standards Project" (http://www.webstandards.org), to publicize 
good email and anti-spam practices, perhaps combined with a collection of 
anti-spam patches for popular MTAs and instructions for MUAs.

>Even if it isn't in the best possible interest of Microsoft (something
>which remains to be shown.)

I am basing this on their past history but I agree that we definatly do not 
know for sure what Microsoft will do. The best thing would be to ask them 
directly unless there is already a Microsoft's representative lurking in 
the group.

>If it's true that this group is to be bounded by Microsoft's pecuniary
>interests, as you claim, then I think we have a real problem.
>
>When did the IETF become a subsidiary of Microsoft?

Unfortunately like any other standards body, industry support must be taken 
into account. There are numerous examples of the industry  creating their 
own standards which might not be in other's best interest. Additionally, 
Microsoft is part of a separate anti-spam consortium with AOL and others, 
and might not be interested in ASRG or the IETF.

The IETF is not a subsidiary of Microsoft nor will it ever be. But unless 
we have a clear way to somehow communicate with MS or able to influence 
them into accepting IETF standards, life will not be easy for IETF.

Yakov



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To: Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 14:19:13 -0400

At 7:09 AM -0400 6/23/03, Walter Dnes wrote:
>   Many details remain to be filled in.  Comments, suggestions ?

1. There are two aspects of depending on email as a business.  One is 
sending.  But for most businesses receiving is even more important. 
And that's receiving from end users.  How do you do that without 
involving spam?

2. While this creates a desirable service for businesses, and it 
potentially avoids the danger of negative legislation in the personal 
email space, does it have any attributes that directly help eliminate 
spam in the personal email space?
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 16:48:15 -0400

At 03:30 PM 6/23/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 22, 2003 at 22:10 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
>
>  > >[..]
>  >
>  > was the last time Microsoft cared about an Internet standard when its not
>  > in their interest? Take the HTML example and the various related
>
>    1. How do you know what is in Microsoft's interest? Do you speak
>       for Microsoft?

BTW, I went through the mailing list archives and have seen several 
messages written by people with addresses @microsoft.com. There is 
definitely their presence here, but I guess they are afraid to speak up.

Yakov 


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Dear Yakov,

I have to say that if Microsoft people spoke up about Microsoft plans
every time someone speculated about these plans, Microsoft wouldn't
get a whole lot done.

I wouldn't be likely to respond to speculation about my employer.

I'm assuming this is as likely an explanation as being afraid to speak
up...

Spencer

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Yakov Shafranovich" <research@solidmatrix.com>
To: "Barry Shein" <bzs@world.std.com>
Cc: <asrg@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, June 23, 2003 3:48 PM
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Point of information...
> 
> BTW, I went through the mailing list archives and have seen several 
> messages written by people with addresses @microsoft.com. There is 
> definitely their presence here, but I guess they are afraid to speak up.
> 
> Yakov 

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>Why I Hate Spam
>And what we're doing about it.
>
>BY BILL GATES

      ...

>But a single company can't stem the tide of spam alone...


Ironically, it may well be that a single company can stem the tide of
spam alone and, remarkably enough, it's Mr Gates' company.

Apparently much of the spam is forwarded via computers which have been
infected by viruses turning them into unwaitting mail slaves for
spammers.

Reviewing the most common of these viruses, such as Jeem, sobig.a and
Proxy-guzu, indicates that they all target Microsoft's winows
operating system. Versions up to and including their latest XP and ME.

There's a reason for this: Microsoft's operating systems are
vulnerable to viruses.

Other operating systems, or at least late-releases (e.g., Max OSX),
are not susceptible to viruses.

The technology for immunizing OS's against viruses has been known for
about 40 years (before viruses even existed!) It's been commonly used
in other OS's for about 20 years. And it's been available on
consumer/desktop PC-class machines for at least 10 years.

So why does Microsoft continue to provide opportunity for spammers
unnecessarily?

And why does Mr Gates act like he does not know this?


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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On June 23, 2003 at 16:38 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > Anything that is proposed in regards to operating systems and MUA, must 
 > take into account the world's most used OS - Windows. Thus, Microsoft mus 
 > be taken into account. I have no problems with proposing solutions that 
 > Microsoft's is unlikely to approve - but then again they are unlikely to be 
 > implemented.

With all due respect I think it's ABSURD for you to tell us that
Microsoft will not fix their operating systems to be more virus-proof
MERELY because the people and organizations who buy their products
implore them to do so.

Judging by the Bill Gates editorial in the WSJ you posted he is either
clueless that this is a major contributor to the volume of spam, or he
is lying and stonewalling the facts.

I suppose if people don't have the nerve to point out that the emperor
has no clothes it's reasonable to assume the emperor remains clueless,
or perhaps due to the relative silence doesn't think it's very
important.

If you have no faith in the truth you don't belong here.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 02:14:27 -0500
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Here's sorta a good textbook example of relatively common spammer tricks.=
  Let's=20
consider it:

[quote]

Received: from c000.snv.cp.net=20
(h026.c000.snv.cp.net[209.228.32.61](misconfigured sender)) by=20
sccrmxc14.attbi.com (sccrmxc14) with SMTP id <20030624033452s1400or14be>;=
 Tue,=20
24 Jun 2003 03:34:52 +0000
Received: (cpmta 23882 invoked from network); 23 Jun 2003 20:34:51 -0700
Delivered-To: terabites.com%gep2@terabites.com
Received: (cpmta 23867 invoked from network); 23 Jun 2003 20:34:50 -0700
Received: from 200.78.44.3 (HELO louisiana.co.jp) by smtp.c000.snv.cp.net=
=20
(209.228.32.61) with SMTP; 23 Jun 2003 20:34:50 -0700
X-Received: 24 Jun 2003 03:34:50 GMT
Reply-To: <seeds45@louisiana.co.jp>
Message-ID: <157378001402$505f787c.seeds45@louisiana.co.jp>
From: Sabastian Taylor <seeds45@louisiana.co.jp>
To: <gep2@terabites.com>
Subject: nvvlxo lucrative increase Ebay 5=E9min=E3r - Fre=B7e _to Y@ou
Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2003 20:35:08 +1000
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/html; "charset=3Diso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal

chanty MycXY42jUmagernJQbgbHxg%3D%3D unselfishly o-eVm

{a href=3D"http://hgabriela@210.15.187.49/dtomi/">{img=20
src=3D"http://hjones4@210.15.187.49/dtomi/pr4.gif">{/a>

Y-6i testify E7Cn4ZEzJHbbHXGlKoTWUUzID plunder

[end quote]

Let's presume for the moment that seeds45@louisiana.co.jp is in fact a=20
legitimate (probably disposable) E-mail address.  It doesn't appear, thou=
gh,=20
that the spammer obviously abused an open relay or anything of the sort.

[Open SMTP mail server?  That's a possibility, I suppose.]

Clearly the spammer is trying to employ a variety of strategies to get pa=
st=20
filters (although why they'd seriously expect a GOOD result by bludgeonin=
g their=20
way into someone's Inbox who had set up mechanisms to try to keep them ou=
t is a=20
curiosity...).

They've included a lot of random text in the message (hard to say if the =
text is=20
different in different copies, to bypass hash code blockers, but I'd susp=
ect=20
so).

One strategy I could use in my mail filtering system would be to trigger =
on=20
words containing tricked-up letters or odd embedded delimiters (using 5 i=
nstead=20
of S, for example, or using odd accented letters in english words that do=
n't use=20
them, or weird embedded delimiters whose sole purpose is to confuse keywo=
rd=20
scanners).  It probably isn't too hard to develop SPITBOL patterns which =
will=20
match such tricks, and probably with "tolerable" efficiency (given today'=
s fast=20
processors...) =20

Another filtering method might be based on the message having a high rati=
o of=20
non-word content (some other spams I've seen though seem to use sections =
of old=20
term papers or something, just to give meaningless "academic content" fil=
ters a=20
false "okay" decision). =20

Another indicator is the use of non-domain-based URLs... legitimate E-mai=
ls=20
rarely need to use those.  Yet another indicator is the use of the @ in t=
he URL=20
in hopes of tricking some filters... again, this isn't usually found in=20
legitimate links.

I'd presume that Spam Assassin (which I presently don't use here) would i=
dentify=20
many of these "odd" constructs and end up tossing a message like this one=
. =20
Perhaps someone else here has more actual direct experience with it and c=
an=20
comment on that.

Meanwhile, I still think that the most notable (and common) trick being e=
mployed=20
to try to get around content scanners is by putting the main 'content' ei=
ther in=20
the GIF file (which so far I've not successfully managed to look at) or e=
lse in=20
the Web page linked to it.  While I suppose it would be possible for the =
filter=20
to actually go and retrieve the linked page(s) or something, and content-=
scan=20
those (particularly if the message itself doesn't seem to have much in th=
e way=20
of meaningful or revealing content of its own), this seems like it's real=
ly a=20
lot of effort and once you get into that whole area there are all manner =
of=20
other tricks possible so things can escalate pretty quickly.  Probably we=
ll past=20
the point of diminishing returns.

Anyhow, I think this message demonstrates pretty clearly why I'm of the o=
pinion=20
that (rather than spf-like approaches, which probably would NOT catch thi=
s spam,=20
since chances are at least fair that the E-mail address is accurate and n=
ot=20
forged) and when traditional content scanners aren't being given a whole =
heck of=20
a lot to work with here... the simple approach of filtering such HTML-bur=
dened=20
E-mail coming from someone you never knew and authorized before is a pret=
ty=20
reasonable strategy, and it would drop out this E-mail and most imaginabl=
e=20
(present and future) variants of it.

The fact that clueless folks who send HTML-burdened mails [because it's s=
imply=20
the default for them] might be somewhat inconvenienced by this, should th=
e=20
permissions-based approach become widespread, but they're after all being=
 the=20
thoughtless ones and not caring about wasting the recipient's inbox space=
, so a=20
little inconvenience in exchange for reducing spam volume might not be an=
=20
unreasonable tradeoff.

Now, it IS true I suppose that the spammer could have used a non-hyperlin=
ked URL=20
and asked the recipient to copy-and-paste it, but they're still probably =
going=20
to need a lure (which then would have to be plain text to evade the HTML-=
based=20
permissions test) and thus that lure text would be available to the conte=
nt=20
scanner, which whatever's in the GIF file referenced (for all intents an=20
purposes) really is not.

Anyhow, I'd be interested in the thoughts of the others here regarding th=
is=20
particular example.

[And also, if any of the rest of y'all have received this spam on your ow=
n=20
systems, you might be interested to compare the copy I got with the copy =
you=20
received, to see what if any changes in my copy have resulted from my inc=
oming=20
mail processing that I use here....]

And another perhaps interesting question regarding stuff like this.  When=
 an=20
E-mail IS suspected of being spam (and strongly enough that is is picked =
out of=20
the delivery queue)... which is better?  To just t-can it?  Or should it =
bounce=20
back to the sender (with suitable ricochet protection)?  Should it bounce=
 with a=20
human-sensible explanation about why it was filtered etc etc?

Is it better to tell spammers (effectively) that the E-mail address they =
mailed=20
to is good, and what they need to do to get through your filters?  Is it =
better=20
to just black-hole the message?  Is it better (as some spam filters do) t=
o=20
return a bogus "no such user" message in hopes that the spammers will pur=
ge the=20
"no longer good" address from their databases?

Is this one of those things that the recipient should be able to specify?=
 =20
Perhaps using the same permissions-list mechanism?  (Example:  if the mai=
l is=20
from someone on your permissions list, but they weren't given permission =
to send=20
you mail in that format or with attachments, maybe then you should give t=
hem the=20
benefit of the doubt and tell them that you haven't (yet) given them perm=
ission=20
to send you stuff like that... whereas if it's from a complete stranger, =
maybe=20
instead one should just t-can it...?)

Is there a more clever solution called for, perhaps, based on "how legiti=
mate"=20
the message arguably looks like it might be?  And if so, what criteria mi=
ght be=20
employed?

There are a lot of design decisions that can be possible here, and a vani=
shingly=20
small likelihood I suppose that everyone will ever concur on any one of t=
hem=20
(and why, I suspect, there's little point in setting up a shooting galler=
y here=20
so individuals can take potshots at any specific individual implementatio=
n). =20
More likely that such differences will reflect in service differentiation=
=20
between different ISPs incorporating such permissions-based filtering sch=
emes.

Lots of questions.  At least it shows why I *really* like the simple, dir=
ect=20
approach resulting from simply filtering out (unexpected) HTML-burdened m=
essages=20
(or attachments) if they're not from someone you've granted permission to=
 send=20
you stuff like that.  It's a SIMPLE approach, would take out a LOT of spa=
m=20
REALLY fast, and would make it a lot easier to deal with the remainder.

And giving different ISPs (or them passing on to their customers perhaps)=
 the=20
choice of what to do about the messages not getting through the filter.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represe=
nt".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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From: "Clayton, Nik [IT]" <nik.clayton@citigroup.com>
To: "'Evan Harris'" <eharris@puremagic.com>, asrg@ietf.org,
        "'David F. Skoll'" <dfs@roaringpenguin.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 13:50:15 +0100

> Over the past few months, I've been working on a new method of blocking 
> spam that I've termed "Greylisting".  From my testing it appears to be 
> over 97% effective.
>
> It requires no changes to the infrastructure, is resistant to spammer
> adaptation, and is very effective, yet very lightweight.
> 
> The paper outlining the method is at
> http://projects.puremagic.com/greylisting/ and I have also 
> posted an example implementation for a Sendmail Milter written in perl.

You seem to have reinvented something that CanIt, from Roaring Penguin,
has done for a while.

More information about CanIt at

    http://www.canit.ca/

I've copied David Skoll, the author, for comment.

N
-- 
1        1         2         3         4         5         6         7    7
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0    5
                                                    -- The 75 column-ometer
Global Messaging,                 A: Top posting
120 Cheapside, x83331             Q: What's the most annoying e-mail habit?

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From: "David F. Skoll" <dfs@roaringpenguin.com>
To: "Clayton, Nik [IT]" <nik.clayton@citigroup.com>
cc: "'Evan Harris'" <eharris@puremagic.com>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 09:57:28 -0400 (EDT)

On Tue, 24 Jun 2003, Clayton, Nik [IT] wrote:

> You seem to have reinvented something that CanIt, from Roaring Penguin,
> has done for a while.

I've corresponded with Evan about this.  His "greylisting" idea is a
bit more sophisticated/aggressive than what we call "hit-and-run"
prevention in CanIt.  He has taken the idea one step further.

In CanIt, we only care about sender/recipient pairs, and we don't
impose any time limits on retries.  Evan's scheme looks at
sender/recipient/IP-Address triples, and imposes lower and upper
limits on retries.

It is likely to be more effective than "hit-and-run", but also may
delay legitimate mail more and may cause problems in some (very
unusual) situations.

Regards,

David.

>
> More information about CanIt at
>
>     http://www.canit.ca/
>
> I've copied David Skoll, the author, for comment.
>
> N
> --
> 1        1         2         3         4         5         6         7    7
>          0         0         0         0         0         0         0    5
>                                                     -- The 75 column-ometer
> Global Messaging,                 A: Top posting
> 120 Cheapside, x83331             Q: What's the most annoying e-mail habit?
>


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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 12:01:25 -0400

At 02:14 AM 6/24/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

>Here's sorta a good textbook example of relatively common spammer 
>tricks.  Let's
>consider it:
>[..]

Out of the twenty spam messages I received this morning at one specific 
account, two were text based and not HTML as follows:

[quote]

Return-Path: <montykambo@mail.com>
Received: from mail.com (wa2.internetdsl.tpnet.pl [80.55.182.2])
         by pocketmail.com (8.12.9/8.12.6) with SMTP id h5OCeF6A004611;
         Tue, 24 Jun 2003 05:40:43 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from [29.58.245.65] by smtp18.yenddx.com with SMTP; Mon, 23 Jun 
2003 20:59:27 -0300
Received: from unknown (HELO qnx.mdrost.com) (128.19.200.85)
         by smtp4.cyberemailings.com with QMQP; Mon, 23 Jun 2003 17:58:54 +0600
Received: from webmail.halftomorrow.com ([202.143.191.188])
         by public.micromail.com.au with SMTP; Mon, 23 Jun 2003 23:58:21 +0300
Received: from 200.191.130.39 ([200.191.130.39]) by mx03.listsystemsf.net 
with SMTP; Tue, 24 Jun 2003 02:57:48 +1000
Message-ID: <5a8801c33a47$ac324310$bdb5b46e@xgwij>
Reply-To: "Monty Kambo" <montykambo@mail.com>
From: "Monty Kambo" <montykambo@mail.com>
To: xfiles@pocketmail.com
Subject: xfiles, register or renew any d0main names at a fraction the price
Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 04:56:40 -0700
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
         charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2919.6700
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2919.6700
Status: U
X-UIDL: 28547


Every extensi0n you want to register or renew is available here and it is
che@p.

Most popular:  .net  .info  .tv
Just released:  .club  .travel  .sport

Over 100,000 names registered so far.

http://www.domainsforpeople.com












T@ke me 0ff:
http://www.domainsforpeople.com/cgi-bin/off_list.pl






Thank you for visiting our site!


BduxcihhqmJk
SqxBpfacql




a1-2s
[end quote]

[quote]
Return-Path: <jimturpin@paris.com>
Received: from paris.com (PS3.neoline.com.br [200.164.228.3])
         by pocketmail.com (8.12.9/8.12.6) with SMTP id h5OEVO7r005874;
         Tue, 24 Jun 2003 07:31:26 -0700 (PDT)
Received: from 156.213.201.245 ([156.213.201.245]) by qrx.quickslick.com 
with local; Tue, 24 Jun 2003 22:39:41 -0800
Message-ID: <c25501c33a57$d6ef5240$4b7b8c1b@txxasrceychr>
Reply-To: "Jim Turpin" <jimturpin@paris.com>
From: "Jim Turpin" <jimturpin@paris.com>
To: client@info.com
Subject: you don't have to choose......................take a look at this
Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 05:52:23 -0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
         charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.50.4522.1200
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.50.4522.1200
Status: U
X-UIDL: 28550


Every extensi0n you want to register or renew is available here and it is
che@p.

Most popular:  .org  .info  .tv
Just released:  .club  .inc  .med

Flexibility to manage or move your name anytime without c0st.

http://www.domainsforpeople.com












I d0n't w@nt t0 recieve this anym0re:
http://www.domainsforpeople.com/cgi-bin/off_list.pl






Have a nice day!


OhsdWtubcaautj
NsifXswq











e3-ss2
[end quote]  


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Subject: [Asrg] HTML-burdened E-mail
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> Unauthenticated executable content of any kind has no place in email. There
is no cause to send unsolicited and unauthenticated Java, Active-X or
Javascript. The <IMG> tag referencing an external object is causing a
programmed action I think it should be blocked by default as well.

> HTML worked and works just fine without external references or executable
content. 

> The IETF could try to issue an edict to stop HTML email but the market
simply won't listen. Issuing an RFC does not change the world. 

Again, I'm not trying to STOP  HTML-burdened E-mail, but I think it should NOT 
be the DEFAULT, especially not in cases where the features thus enabled are not 
even used in the message in question.

As for the "market listening", if we encourage recipients to establish filtering 
based on aspects of HTML, such that some notable percentage of HTML-burdened 
mail bounces or at least does not get delivered in the absence of specific 
permission authority... then I think that AOL users (for example) in similarly 
notable numbers calling their AOL Customer Support clamboring for how to send 
plain ASCII text messages would get AOL's attention, and probably result in them 
realizing what a bad idea it is to send purely gratuitous HTML by default.

AOL users don't like spam any more than the rest of us, (maybe even less!) and I 
think you'd get a lot of them jump onboard such a plan.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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>> Strange tags and com<!-- stupid stuff -->ments can be elided but they
> are a very reliable spam indicator. If email has an html comment in the
> middle of a spamword that increases the probability it is spam.

>> This is one case of a spam sender countermeasure that backfires.

> That popular filters have been adjusted in that direction may be why
the more advanced spammers have stopped using that particular tactic.

The problem is that there are SO MANY odd things in various HTML implementations 
(such as the less-than-uniform handling of HTML comments as has been pointed 
out) that there are a lot of loopholes, backwaters and dark corners for 
increasingly-devious spammers to hide in.  Instead of fighting a tiring and 
largely pointless ongoing "whack-a-mole" game on such complicated (and 
changing!) terrain, I think it simply makes more sense to just change the ground 
rules such that ALL those HTML-based tricks are denied to [only!] 
unrecognized/unauthorized/untrusted senders in one fell swoop.

Does it result in a few changes and inconveniences?  Sure it does, during the 
transition period.  ANY change we propose is going to result in some 
adjustments.  I think the nature of these adjustments are explainable, fairly 
understandable even to relatively clueless users, and have a high payback.

And again, the fact that the SAME permissions-list mechanism would also deal a 
MAJOR blow to worms/viruses/trojans is a real nice bonus, too.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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> BTW it's even more complex now, since many legit mail-sending operations
consider "web bugs" (1x1 pixel external IMGs with an identifying tag)
to be good practice in measuring mail views. :(

It's a *major* PITA to those who read their E-mail offline, though.

Again, senders are increasingly arrogant about the demands they place on their 
supposedly willing recipients.  In exchange, I see *no* reason we recipients 
ought to be especially concerned about their "measuring mail views" if it 
inconveniences us (as it clearly does).

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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> Ironically, it may well be that a single company can stem the tide of
spam alone and, remarkably enough, it's Mr Gates' company.

OK, Barry, after sitting back on this one for a while, I'm going to pick up your 
bait.

Certainly there is a LOT they could do, but in practice probably little of that 
is at the OS level.

> Apparently much of the spam is forwarded via computers which have been
infected by viruses turning them into unwaitting mail slaves for
spammers.

There's LITTLE excuse for allowing that to happen.

> Reviewing the most common of these viruses, such as Jeem, sobig.a and
Proxy-guzu, indicates that they all target Microsoft's winows
operating system. Versions up to and including their latest XP and ME.

Of course.  If you were writing a virus, you'd also write it to propagate on the 
most likely systems you expected the code to land in.  OF COURSE virus authors 
target Outlook, Windows, Word, etc.  

There have been plenty of worms on other systems, but those are a minority of 
attackable systems so virus authors OF COURSE go for the more fertile ground.

> There's a reason for this: Microsoft's operating systems are
vulnerable to viruses.

ALL operating systems are vulnerable to viruses, as long as the systems are 
user-programmable (or program-extensible).  OK, your digital watch, your 
microwave oven (probably), and your laser printer probably aren't vulnerable to 
viruses.  But that's because nobody else can much change their code, either.

> Other operating systems, or at least late-releases (e.g., Max OSX),
are not susceptible to viruses.

And just what is the "magic bullet" that you think magically makes those systems 
"not susceptible"?  I don't believe that there IS such a magic bullet.

Any computer on which software can be installed could theoretically have BAD 
software installed.  I don't believe it's possible by any kind of automated 
means to determine absolutely that an arbitrary subject program is bug-free, or 
even that it will terminate.

And in particular, a WORD macro virus (for instance) which works on a 
Windows-based OS will probably work on a Mac-based OS too... since the level of 
abstraction provided by the macro facility SPECIFICALLY shields the executing 
macro from vagaries based on the underlying OS.

> The technology for immunizing OS's against viruses has been known for
about 40 years (before viruses even existed!) It's been commonly used
in other OS's for about 20 years. 

What "immunizing technology" are you referring to?

The US military has spent many billions of dollars over the years in research 
trying to find "absolutely secure" operating systems, and although they have 
made some fairly impressive strides, I don't think that any of them has gotten 
anywhere near 100%.

> And it's been available on consumer/desktop PC-class machines for at least 10 
years.

What "it" do you think "immunizes" OSes?  And even if "it" did, what makes you 
think that other vulnerabilities can't be opened by buggy or ill-conceived 
applications?

> So why does Microsoft continue to provide opportunity for spammers
unnecessarily?

While I would never claim that Microsoft has done everything possible to prevent 
abuse (far from it, at times) a LOT of the problem is at the application level, 
and not at the OS level proper.

Buffer overflow exploits, in particular, (along with similar array subscript 
range or string boundary violations) are readily possible with processors which 
permit unconstrained address calculations, and (also in particular) C is pretty 
much totally undisciplined about such things (and that's just as much true of C 
on Mac or Unix systems as it is for C on Windows-based systems).

The better solution is really to put restrictions in place on incoming material 
(and E-mail is our focus here) such that potentially dangerous executable stuff 
(and in practice, this means ActiveX-type stuff, scripting, and potentially 
malicious attachments) simply aren't allowed to be delivered unless they come 
from pre-arranged (or post-permitted, maybe), _trusted_ people who we EXPECT 
such type of stuff to come from.

Just as nobody should ever be stupid enough to run an executable that arrives in 
an E-mail from someone they don't know, they similarly shouldn't run executables 
that arrive from someone they DO know unless they know what it's about, and have 
verified (separately) with the sender why it was sent and that it's legitimate. 
 There is no reason why such windows of vulnerability should be left open for no 
reason at all.

I got a spam just a day or two ago shilling for a porn site and crowing about 
how "no credit card required".  The link said, in essence, "to connect to this 
site directly using your modem, CLICK HERE."  Under the concealment of the HTML, 
the link pointed to a URL of .exe type.  Most lusers wouldn't realize (of 
course) the implication of the (truthful) prompt... that the executable was 
planning to hang up the person's Internet connection through their local ISP, 
then redial on the user's modem to a 900-type international telephone number at 
staggering per-minute charges, which will of course bill to the luser's phone 
bill to arrive a month later.  (And of course, if it's a business line at the 
person's employer, they'll probably never even notice...!  What employee ever 
sees and studies the monthly phone bill for your desk's/computer's phone line?)

Such scams, by the way, also tend to (besides the porn site itself) embody proxy 
servers so that even after the visitor tires of whatever porn is on offer, tends 
to stay connected to the Net and continue their other net surfing through the 
new, international premium pay-by-the-minute dialup connection, totally unaware 
that they're no longer connected through their own local ISP.

Anyhow, here's just another example of a case where the original deception that 
sets this whole mess up comes from the fact that the original message is 
HTML-burdened, permitting the spammer to hide the downloading of an executable 
inside an "invisible" link that just looks like any other "click here" 
hyperlink.  Of course, it would be nearly as easy to include an executable 
attachment (which is the way that most such stuff has been pulled in the past).

Notably, my permission-list idea would most likely squash BOTH of these 
deceptions... no unauthorized attachments, and forcing the user to 
copy-and-paste a more-likely-visibly-dubious URL into their browser before going 
to get it.

Of course, on my machine this particular scam wouldn't work, since I don't use a 
dialup internet connection to begin with.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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> From: gep2@terabites.com

> ...
> Any computer on which software can be installed could theoretically have BAD 
> software installed. 

What major operating systems are configured by default to install
software from distant servers unknown to a computer system's owners?

>                      I don't believe it's possible by any kind of automated 
> means to determine absolutely that an arbitrary subject program is bug-free, or 
> even that it will terminate.

The halting problem is a red herring.


> And in particular, a WORD macro virus (for instance) which works on a 
> Windows-based OS will probably work on a Mac-based OS too... since the level of 
> abstraction provided by the macro facility SPECIFICALLY shields the executing 
> macro from vagaries based on the underlying OS.

That's another red herring.  I believe the WORD macro virus hole
was closed long ago.  I know that similar holes in emacs and vi
were closed many years ago.

> ...
> The US military has spent many billions of dollars over the years in research 
> trying to find "absolutely secure" operating systems, and although they have 
> made some fairly impressive strides, ...

That's yet another red herring.  The DOD trusted systems efforts have
been targeted mostly at keeping secrets within a system instead of
preventing the installation of bad software.  Historically, the standard
way (on at least some such trusted systems in my personal experience)
for vendors to install software is to be escorted past the armed guards
with your media, bypass and turn off the MAC (mandatory access control)
system, install the software, restore the MAC stuff, and leave your
media to be destroyed.

I think the DOD's trusted system stuff is a boondoggle, waste of money,
and worse, gives people a false sense of security, but that's also
irrelevant here.


> Buffer overflow exploits, in particular, (along with similar array subscript 
>  ...

are powerless unless the exploit is in software that has permission
to install software or at least execute software.  Worries about such
issues is why MTAs often run in "chroot jails".

This is yet another red herring.


> Just as nobody should ever be stupid enough to run an executable that arrives in 
> an E-mail from someone they don't know, they similarly shouldn't run executables 
> that arrive from someone they DO know unless they know what it's about, and have 
> verified (separately) with the sender why it was sent and that it's legitimate. 
>  There is no reason why such windows of vulnerability should be left open for no 
> reason at all.

What major system is configured by default to execute programs that
arrive in email and is configured by default gives the MUA of every
user the right to install software?

What major system system vendor touts as an advantage the lack of
a "sandbox" in its competetors to Java?


What does any of this have to do with ASRG or with spam in general?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 13:46:26 -0500

In <200306241826.h5OIQPOs027704@calcite.rhyolite.com> Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com> writes:

>> From: gep2@terabites.com
>
>> ...
>> Any computer on which software can be installed could theoretically have BAD 
>> software installed. 
>
> What major operating systems are configured by default to install
> software from distant servers unknown to a computer system's owners?


Debian Linux does.  Oh, wait, you said "major OSes".  Nevermind!


-wayne


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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 14:07:03 -0500

On Tue, Jun 24, 2003 at 01:46:26PM -0500, wayne wrote:
> In <200306241826.h5OIQPOs027704@calcite.rhyolite.com> Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com> writes:
> 
> >> From: gep2@terabites.com
> >
> >> ...
> >> Any computer on which software can be installed could theoretically have BAD 
> >> software installed. 
> >
> > What major operating systems are configured by default to install
> > software from distant servers unknown to a computer system's owners?
> 
> Debian Linux does.  Oh, wait, you said "major OSes".  Nevermind!

Apparently ASUS Display Drivers for Windows XP!  I traced an FTP session
from my computer to Taiwan at the precise time I was installing those drivers.
(This was a freshly-installed Windows XP behind both a hardware and software
firewall, in case you think the system was compromised.)

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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Barry Shein'" <bzs@world.std.com>,
        Yakov Shafranovich
	 <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] News Article - Editorial on spam by Bill Gates
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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 12:11:41 -0700

Points of information:

	The DDoS exploits against the DNS roots were launched from Linux
boxes.

	Worms existed on the Internet and DECNet long before Windows

Worms and viruses will always do better if they attack a common platform
than a rare one for the simple reason that to propagate a virus need only
pass the infection on to an average of more than one new host per host
infected.

None of the O/S platforms in use today scores well on the security front.
Microsoft is the only company to have made a public recognition of this
fact.

		Phill	


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Barry Shein [mailto:bzs@world.std.com]
> Sent: Monday, June 23, 2003 11:04 PM
> To: Yakov Shafranovich
> Cc: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Editorial on spam by Bill Gates
> 
> 
> 
> >Why I Hate Spam
> >And what we're doing about it.
> >
> >BY BILL GATES
> 
>       ...
> 
> >But a single company can't stem the tide of spam alone...
> 
> 
> Ironically, it may well be that a single company can stem the tide of
> spam alone and, remarkably enough, it's Mr Gates' company.
> 
> Apparently much of the spam is forwarded via computers which have been
> infected by viruses turning them into unwaitting mail slaves for
> spammers.
> 
> Reviewing the most common of these viruses, such as Jeem, sobig.a and
> Proxy-guzu, indicates that they all target Microsoft's winows
> operating system. Versions up to and including their latest XP and ME.
> 
> There's a reason for this: Microsoft's operating systems are
> vulnerable to viruses.
> 
> Other operating systems, or at least late-releases (e.g., Max OSX),
> are not susceptible to viruses.
> 
> The technology for immunizing OS's against viruses has been known for
> about 40 years (before viruses even existed!) It's been commonly used
> in other OS's for about 20 years. And it's been available on
> consumer/desktop PC-class machines for at least 10 years.
> 
> So why does Microsoft continue to provide opportunity for spammers
> unnecessarily?
> 
> And why does Mr Gates act like he does not know this?
> 
> 
> -- 
>         -Barry Shein
> 
> Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | 
http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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From: "Kurt Magnusson" <kmn_asgr@hotmail.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Textbook example
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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 17:23:05 -0200

Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>At 6/24/2003, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>
>>Here's sorta a good textbook example of relatively common spammer tricks. 
>>Let's consider it:
>>chanty MycXY42jUmagernJQbgbHxg%3D%3D unselfishly o-eVm
>>{a href="http://hgabriela@210.15.187.49/dtomi/";>
....
>
>Out of the twenty spam messages I received this morning at one specific 
>account, two were text based and not HTML as follows:
..................
>Return-Path: <montykambo@mail.com>
>From: "Monty Kambo" <montykambo@mail.com>
>To: xfiles@pocketmail.com
>
>Every extensi0n you want to register or renew is available here and it is 
>che@p.
>
>Most popular: .net .info .tv
>Just released: .club .travel .sport
>
>Over 100,000 names registered so far.
>
>http://www.domainsforpeople.com
..................

Well, look at the two textbook examples from another
perspective, for they both tell us something else,
the end destination for the spammer, his/her domain.

This is real information, not fake (if it isn't a spammers
version of a DDoS). Skip the rest and use this. URL's need
to be correct to work, independent if a HTML or a ASCII
message. Some web coding of the address is common, but
normally simple to decode when analyzing the incoming,
but if there does not say "http:" it would not work.
It is a bit worse with base64, yes.

Anyway, with a limited number of spammers and most likely
a limited number of domains this is useful. Vernon's list
the other day had more in common with my own list, than
should be expected, since he had far more web-shops in
his list, while I have more web-sites and 50% from Asia.
Of some 7-8000 entries in both lists, 2.500 where common.
If there is a "infinite" number of spammer domains, it
should have been less.

Unfortunately the HTML discussion above as such is redundant.
Most of us sits in a world where we have to service others
with a mail service, for better or for worse. When doing that
we have to remember some simple things:

1. The users want a simple-to-use service

2. They have a reason for using email instead of mail

3. Mail they don't want is always spam, even if we
   don't think so

4. Mail we label spam, is not always spam in their
   eyes

5. What we thing is appropriate as a mail format does
   not have any bearing what so ever on these users
   They want to do tables, they want to do bold and
   (how horrible it may be) they want to use Outlook
   b'cause Oncle Bill included it for automatic install
   in Windows. I.e. they want a function without thinking
   even if it is at a risk for their PC

6. They do not want to change their e-mail address

7. They want to reach their mail when on holiday or
   at work (a webmail interface)

8. They do not want to see any strange mails that require
   them to answer a question or so to communicate with
   rich Auntie Agatha.

In short, they want us to cut spam automatically, so they
do not need to bother. And we can't change this.

On the other hand, spammers (I exclude the DDoS types)
want to:

a. send us ads/web pages that get us to visit a web site
   with a sales pitch

b. to call a phone number to talk with a sales person

so they get the traffic and earn money from it.

What we think about spam is irrelevant, it is what our
customers and the spammers think that is important.

If we avoid this focus, we are never to be able to get
anywhere. I seem to remember that the charter says
something about to create a common "ground" before
"solving" the issue.

Well, where is this common ground, mostly I see complicated
solutions, requiring a lot of either client or MTA changes,
but little common ground. Look at the above, we
canl never fulfill every users expectation, but we need
to find some simple common principles about spam, that
is OK for everybody (excluding the spammers), what is
usable to handle the issue at hand.

The basic definition must therefore be: "Spam is a form
of electronic marketing, where the receiver not asked
to receive it and also stands for the main part of
the transmission cost".

This accounts both for the guy not wanting spam, as
well as the "Shopping Channel"-guy, loving spam. They
have not asked for it and they do pay for the main
part of the cost, through their connection cost or ISP
charges. Going to a web page with ads, we do a active
action for. With spam we don't (except for sometime
have had released our address in a Usenet discussion, a
web page or registration at some function for free)

The second definition must be: "Spam is electronic
marketing, where the sender generally uses a
non-functional sender address as well as sometimes
including non-functional information how to end
sending". Really, opt-out is a joke. It didn't even
worked during Spamford's days.

The third definition is: "Spam is a sociological
phenomena, not a technological". Spam uses technology,
but this is only a mean, not the objective. It also
makes it harder to beat. Virus is simpler, since they
are the objective, even if they also is a sociological
phenomena.  Spam want _us_ to _do_ something.

The fourth definition, is what I wrote in the start:
"Spam do contain some information we can trust, as
a web address or phone numbers".

What can we get from this crap?

Well, the spammer want something in return from _us_,
for sending us that letter, that we go in to his/her
website / call the Call Center to purchase a product.

But the spammer is two entities, the owner of the
product and the sender (sometimes the same person).

If the spammer is the sender, he/she want to get paid
for every lead, his/her customer get from the action.

If the spammer is this customer, he/she want to have as
many leads as possible, because that increases the number
of sold products. If the seller don't get any leads,
the sender doesn't get any assignments, eg. we lose a
spammer.

The best way to cut the number of leads a seller gets, is
to take out the usage of the website address, i.e. a
website in a spam is included in the blocklist -> reduction
of leads, since no-one sees the address. If the seller change
address to get around, honeytraps collect it and include
it againg in the blocklist. Skip sender addresses and such,
concentrate on stabile content.

To use the problem's sociological features, as a base of
handling it, must be a better way than raw technology.

But those not having addresses/numbers, as Nigerians?

I just got such a letter, that succeeded to pass my filter,
it did have a phone number in it. Nigerians also rely on
two-way communication, they can't change mail address in
the middle of the communication with the target, therefore
their addresses usually is very functional for a longer
time. That nigerian was the first I got to my test
mailbox for 3 months, though some 10-15 ended up in the
spambox and those was taken on their sender domains,
collected before february.

And if done correctly, a likely solution should also required
low infrastructure impact, if run as a Milter type of filter,
as an added benefit.

Kurt Magnusson

(Leads is what the marketing whizzes calls when they get
a confirmed contact with a potential customer.)

_________________________________________________________________
STOP MORE SPAM with the new MSN 8 and get 2 months FREE* 
http://join.msn.com/?page=features/junkmail


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Proposal: Separate ISP(s) for "guaranteed delivery" of email
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References: <B0000024109@nts1.terabites.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030620112056.00ba1b90@std5.imagineis.com> <20030623070817.B6973@m433> <p0600171dbb1cf487c0d8@[192.168.1.104]>
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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 17:18:57 -0400

On Mon, Jun 23, 2003 at 02:19:13PM -0400, Kee Hinckley wrote
> At 7:09 AM -0400 6/23/03, Walter Dnes wrote:
> >   Many details remain to be filled in.  Comments, suggestions ?
> 
> 1. There are two aspects of depending on email as a business.  One is 
> sending.  But for most businesses receiving is even more important. 
> And that's receiving from end users.  How do you do that without 
> involving spam?

  A business can "receive" via a webform.  As a matter of fact, a
customer can keep track of their order via webpages.  Businesses can
get around spam by using webforms for incoming requests.

> 2. While this creates a desirable service for businesses, and it 
> potentially avoids the danger of negative legislation in the personal 
> email space, does it have any attributes that directly help eliminate 
> spam in the personal email space?

  The mere fact that it's "personal email", rather than a business
facility will allow end-users to use more effective filters, even though
they risk more false positives.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Walter Dnes'" <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>, ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Point of information...
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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 09:01:54 -0700

>   Most of them are followed.  However, some aren't.  Netscape started
> the HTML-email garbage, and MS followed.

Actually Nathaniel Bornstein started the idea of richtext email before
the Web and when the Web appeared it made a lot of sense to move from
the richtext idea to HTML.

Netscape started the Javascript security nightmare and added a lot of
the unsafe features unilaterally.


> > Hmm, why are we here? What do you imagine the product of this group
> > likely to be?
> 
>   One or more RFCs that are hopefully followed/enforced.  That
> qualification is the sticking point.

This is a research group, not a standards group. The degree to which
any recommendation is followed will depend on the way it is presented
and the extent to which people agree with them.

That in turn depends on the extent that a group can achieve industry
buy-in for any proposals it makes.

Attacking HTML is tilting at windmills.


		Phill

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] News Article - Editorial on spam by Bill Gates
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On June 24, 2003 at 12:11 pbaker@verisign.com (Hallam-Baker, Phillip) wrote:
 > Points of information:
 > 
 > 	The DDoS exploits against the DNS roots were launched from Linux
 > boxes.

I don't remember that "DDoS" causing a whole lot of trouble for the
net in general, a la spam.

That's not an accident, a ping flood directed at 13 specific machines
one night is awfully different in nature than billions and billions of
spams directed at hundreds of millions of machines daily for years.

 > 	Worms existed on the Internet and DECNet long before Windows

Worms are not viruses.

The first internet worm, I believe the one the term was created for,
was the Morris worm which would be October 1988.

According to:

       http://www.microsoft.com/windows/winhistoryintro.mspx

Windows 1.0 was released on November 10, 1983, about 5 years earlier.

I suppose you could quibble semantics on what's a worm and what's a
virus and so forth to fit your pre-conceived conclusions.

 > Worms and viruses will always do better if they attack a common platform
 > than a rare one for the simple reason that to propagate a virus need only
 > pass the infection on to an average of more than one new host per host
 > infected.

That sounds reasonable, except that's not the problem.

The problem is a memory and protection architecture in windows which
allows programs run by any non-privileged user to infect boot blocks
etc.

Most other OS's (of any note) don't allow this.

As far as I can tell MS can't "fix" this because too many applications
rely on these backdoors for performance.

Put another way, fixing it would break too many commercially viable
applications.

So we all suffer, even if we avoid MS products.

 > None of the O/S platforms in use today scores well on the security front.

Nonsense, several score quite well if just reasonably configured and
administered (and I don't mean heroics.)

The problem is there is nothing you can do with any current windows
system to make it secure from viruses, short of active avoidance (shut
it off and it won't ever get a virus, proceed from there to your risk
comfort level.)

 > Microsoft is the only company to have made a public recognition of this
 > fact.

Oh what utter nonsense. Have you no shame.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] News Article - Editorial on spam by Bill Gates
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	I'd like to focus for a moment on the substance of Gates'
editorial and avoid the Microsoft bashing going on in other threads...
Gates says:

  "Our proposal is to create a regulatory "safe harbor"=20
   status for senders who comply with e-mail guidelines=20
   confirmed by an FTC-approved self-regulatory body."

	Personally, I think this sounds like a terrible idea. While it
may be well-intentioned, the reality is that any "safe-harbor" will
probably simply establish a privileged class of spammers. Given the
tremendous lobbying pressure that will undoubtedly be applied by direct
marketers, companies, etc. it is likely that the requirements for
receiving "safe harbor" status will be fairly easy to meet.
	But, no matter how well the qualifications for safe-harbor
status are set, it seems to me that this sort of proposal is focusing
attention on the wrong part of the problem. A safe-harbor is really just
a way of identifying some set of senders whose traffic should be let
through whatever filters an ISP may put in place. But, the ultimate
decision concerning what traffic should and should not be accepted
remains with the actual owner of the mailbox. We can't let a focus on
the ISP's needs distract us from continuing to improve the ability that
users have to control what goes into the inboxes.

		bob wyman





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> >Plus or minus the odd serious bug or misconfiguration operating
> >systems such as unix, linux, VMS, MVS, TOPS-20 (going back 
> 20+ years),
> >etc are more or less immune to such problems. 
> 
> I guess you can claim that if you dismiss any vulnerability 
> as an "odd serious 
> bug".

The only O/S security feature I am aware of that is relevant in this
regard is the VMS fine grained privileges that allowed processes to
be created that did not have network access or did not have file 
access.

There is a similar feature set in Windows NT but the applications
appear to be unaware of the reason it should be used.

I am unaware of any equivalent system in the UNIX world, chroot is
not equivalent. The .NET framework has reinstated the concept of fine
grained privs but it will take many years for them to be used by
applications.

Finger pointing is rarely a good guide to good security practice.
I remember the time when people doubted unix would get anywhere
because of its notorious security problems and weak security
architecture, it does not seem to have had the predicted effect.


		Phill

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Viruses
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Note: this thread is only very marginally relevant to the subject of
this group...
Phillip Hallam-Baker wrote:
> The only O/S security feature I am aware of that is relevant=20
> in this regard is the VMS fine grained privileges that=20
> allowed processes to be created that did not have network=20
> access or did not have file access.

	VMS also had pretty good file system access control (as did most
of the Digital operating systems). Given basic access controls (Read,
Write, Delete, Execute) plus access control lists on files and
directories, it was very difficult to insert viruses into system files.
	Given a few more decades, the ex-VMS folk at Microsoft (Cutler,
Bell, Bernstein, etc.) might actually be able to get Windows to the
level that we had VMS back in the early 80's... After all WNT is just
VMS+1...

		bob wyman
		(11.5 years with DEC starting in '79...)




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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Viruses 
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Hallam-Baker, Phillip writes:
>I am unaware of any equivalent system in the UNIX world, chroot is
>not equivalent.

grsecurity, NSA's secure linux work, and similar third-party patches.
But they aren't in the mainstream kernels yet, which is what I'd
like to see...

--j.

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> From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>

> ...
> The only O/S security feature I am aware of that is relevant in this
> regard is the VMS fine grained privileges that allowed processes to
> be created that did not have network access or did not have file 
> access.
>
> There is a similar feature set in Windows NT but the applications
> appear to be unaware of the reason it should be used.
>
> I am unaware of any equivalent system in the UNIX world, chroot is
> not equivalent. The .NET framework has reinstated the concept of fine
> grained privs but it will take many years for them to be used by
> applications.
>
> Finger pointing is rarely a good guide to good security practice.
> I remember the time when people doubted unix would get anywhere
> because of its notorious security problems and weak security
> architecture, it does not seem to have had the predicted effect.

Many UNIX flavors have extremely fine grained privileges.  I've been
told by people who dealt with the U.S. Dept. of Defense's tests that
full-up mandatory access controls are unavoidable.  That might be why
many and probably most commercial UNIX flavors have (or at least had)
MAC available.  They also tend to have elaborate privilege inheritance
mechanisms.  Eg. for inetd to be able to open the sockets it needs,
it must not only be running as root, but started by a process that
has the rights to open those sockets and that explicitly passes those
rights during the fork().  Such stuff makes for a lot of bug prone
noise in control files, and elsewhere, and so it's generally disabled
and suppressed for commercial customers.   It's been more than 5 years
since I was employed by a UNIX vendor that offered this gunk.

I think a fundamental security principle is that the operating system
cannot entirely trust applications to do the right things.  Ignoring
this principle was the foundation of the first 10 or 15 years of
Microsoft security holes, where Microsoft thought or claimed that a
primitive program loader and some utility routines was an "operating
system."  But yes, the ancient Burroughs system could be seen as an
existence proof to the contrary.

Perhaps in theory and certainly in press releases .NET is secure.
The history of other absolutely, provably secure mechanisms from
Redmond including ActiveX urge skepticism.

What does any of this have to do with spam in general or the ASRG?
That viruses and worms can used to pump spam from Microsoft systems
doesn't seem much different from the fact that a lot of spam is pumped
through open-by-default proxy programs.  The spam looks the same.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com


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On June 25, 2003 at 15:11 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > What does any of this have to do with spam in general or the ASRG?

That's the right question because I think we've now lost the point of
my bringing it up in the first place.

I maintain that the primary problem with spam right now is caused by
the hijacking of systems (demonstrably) by the hundreds (probably much
more) to spew spam.

I further maintain that without these hijacked systems spammers would
be ineffective, a relatively minor nuisance.

There are good, structural reasons why this is the case:

a) Spamming does not provide the sort of margin needed to purchase and
maintain the equipment they seem to rely on. Therefore, they must
steal it.

b) Even if they could acquire such equipment, and concomitant
bandwidth, it would of necessity be located in a relatively static
location (e.g., ip addresses), and, so, relatively easy to just block.

Now, how these systems are hijacked is a subsequent topic.

And, what might be done about it is yet another subsequent topic.

But, this is a research group, and that is a result of my research.


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 20:54:51 -0400

I received a very strange spam message, quoted below. Does anyone know what 
these kind of messages accomplish?

----snip---
Greetings,

We need a vendor who can offer immediate supply.
I'm offering $5,000 US dollars just for referring a vender which is
(Actually RELIABLE in providing the below equipment) Contact details
of vendor required, including name and phone #. If they turn out to be
reliable in supplying the below equipment I'll immediately pay you
$5,000. We prefer to work with vendor in the Boston/New York area.

1. The mind warper generation 4 Dimensional Warp Generator # 52 4350a
series wrist watch with z60 or better memory adapter. If in stock the
AMD Dimensional Warp Generator module containing the GRC79 induction
motor, two I80200 warp stabilizers, 256GB of SRAM, and two Analog
Devices isolinear modules, This unit also has a menu driven GUI
accessible on the front panel XID display. All in 1 units would be
great if reliable models are available

2. The special 23200 or Acme 5X24 series time transducing capacitor
with built in temporal displacement. Needed with complete
jumper/auxiliary system

3. A reliable crystal Ionizor with unlimited memory backup.

If your vendor turns out to be reliable, I owe you $5,000.

Email his details to me at: info@federalfundingprogram.com

Please do not reply directly back to this email as it will
only be bounced back to you.



investmentfypfzdwuvzu lk igqaun srxbxspw jwwfbkqz
e
kryf hljs muc
----snip---

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  


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From: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] viral worms, wormy viruses, and design vs. software
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Barry,


 >> Worms existed on the Internet and DECNet long before Windows

BS> Worms are not viruses.

BS> The first internet worm, I believe the one the term was created for,
BS> was the Morris worm which would be October 1988.

Xerox PARC created the first worm.  They did some research on the topic,
I believe in the mid-70s.


BS> I suppose you could quibble semantics on what's a worm and what's a
BS> virus and so forth to fit your pre-conceived conclusions.

Actually, I think the definitions are nicely overlapping.  Worms are
about network communication.  Viruses are about taking over a computer.

One can argue that a hostile worm needs to have a viral component, to
get enough control for replicating, but I would rather simply view that
as a carrier/parasite (symbiotic?) relationship between a virus and a
worm...


 >> Worms and viruses will always do better if they attack a common platform
 >> than a rare one for the simple reason that to propagate a virus need only
 >> pass the infection on to an average of more than one new host per host
 >> infected.

BS> That sounds reasonable, except that's not the problem.

Correct.


BS> The problem is a memory and protection architecture in windows which
BS> allows programs run by any non-privileged user to infect boot blocks
BS> etc.

right.


BS> Most other OS's (of any note) don't allow this.

some OS's have superior security architectures, but that does not
prevent them from being run badly.  it has often been true that actual
unix configuration and operations have sucked.  on the other hand, unix
is often far more amenable to fixing the problem than are some other os's.


BS> The problem is there is nothing you can do with any current windows
BS> system to make it secure from viruses, short of active avoidance (shut
BS> it off and it won't ever get a virus, proceed from there to your risk
BS> comfort level.)

Beyond configuration and operation, the other critical issue is software
quality, starting with the operating system.  If the design is good, but
the software coding is bad, the game is over.

Operating system software that requires constant security patches
probably was not written with very good quality assurance procedures.
This is not surprising, since most of the industry has a focus on
creating new features, rather than taking the considerable extra effort
to ensure software quality.  Quality takes time.  This means fewer
features or later delivery to market.


d/
--
 Dave Crocker <mailto:dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <http://www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>, <fax:+1.866.358.5301>


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From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
Subject: [Asrg] Fwd: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 21:20:35 -0400

Folks,

This was sent to nanog earlier in the day. Asrg contributors would help
the (US jurisdiction) FTC's "Do Not Call" (phone spam) service roll-out
by letting Richard Callahan know how to keep the eventual AT&T GS mails
from being some systems' false-positive, and not delivered.

I'll sumarize to the list responses that I'm copied on, using white-out
appropriately if requested. The question will come up again.

P3P contributors are noticed simply because ... watching the US go down
the opt-out path is -- er -- interesting.

Semi-related, the special WHOIS:43 (and other kludges) workshop of the
Montreal meeting of ICANN should be winding up, and I'll sumarize what
others who attended sumarize elsewhere, but the bottom line is something
along the lines of you-know-already -- (US) law-enforcement and (WIPO)
trademark interests claim compelling interests in manditory spam-prone
databases, and the (non-US) ccTLD registry operators and GAC reps reply
that <insert-country-here> isn't a town in California (or Maine for you
who know how Maine's towns are named). ICANN head-butting, or butt-heads.

Oh. The going price for 30 million (that's 3 times 10 to the sixth) email
addresses culled from the combined whois databases is ... US$30. I just
can't wait for enum-on-port-43, oops ... my phone is ringing...

Cheers,
Eric

------- Forwarded Message
Subject: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 13:08:08 -0500
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From: "Callahan, Richard M, SOLGV" <rmcallahan@att.com>
To: <nanog@nanog.org>
Cc: "Windelberg, Marjorie L, SOLGV" <windelberg@att.com>,
   "Weiss, Christine G, SOLGV" <cgweiss@att.com>
Sender: owner-nanog@merit.edu
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by nic-naa.net id h5PI9I5U023796


Good Afternoon 
     and forgive the new guy if I break any rules or conventions.

I work for AT&T Government Solutions and we are about to launch the Do Not Call Registry for the Federal Trade Commission.  At a high level this allows consumers to register their phone numbers to  keep most telemarketers from calling their homes.  Penalties for calling a consumer on the list can be $11K per call and enforcement begins in October.

We are launching consumer registrations on Friday.  My concern:

 - every registration using the web generates an email which must be opened to complete the registration process

We are looking at the potential of MILLIONS OF EMAILS PER DAY beginning Friday.  These will be from the same address and have the same subject line.

I am worried about denial of service or blocking by spam filters if providers are not aware this is coming.

I am hoping this group is a good medium to get the word out to inform the community of this impending event.

At this time I am unable to provide the link or email address, but will do so on Thursday evening if it is of value.

Any thoughts?

Richard M. Callahan
Client Business Manager
AT&T Government Solutions
Office:  (703)506-5780
Mobile: (703)608-0665
Fax: (703)245-3749



------- End of Forwarded Message


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To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
cc: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>, asrg@ietf.org, brunner@nic-naa.net
Subject: Re: [Asrg] viral worms, wormy viruses, and design vs. software 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 25 Jun 2003 11:40:06 PDT."
             <29137471333.20030625114006@brandenburg.com> 
From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 21:39:54 -0400

To my perpetual chagrin, neither of my (evil-cabal) employers,
the Bull/ICL/Siemens/Olivetti/Nixdorf, nor IBM/HP/Sun covens,
managed to prevent the *nix market share from shrinking significantly.
Adding a kcats sdrawkcab unencumbered variant didn't significantly
alter the processor, or application (operating system) desktop
market shares.

So, while it is true that *nixes can be bought and misconfigured
with ignorance and contempt for consequent damages (theft of b/w,
cycles, and U/I induced carpel tunnel), the overwhelming majority
of machines that are plonked on residential Ethernets hail from
Redmond.

So, for that portion of the problem that Barry identified, the
acquire, expend, discard (it gets cuter the more I think about
it, corse grained distributed parallel computation with error
detection, process migration, restart, and that's just on the
send-side. I'm sure the receive-side is neat too) orgy in the
ip/cdn and xdsl swamps, Redmond is the prevailing, and preferred
provider of launch platforms.

I think its all Bill Gates' fault, but I would have been a
gazillionaire if Gary Kildall had decided to come into DRI
the day the three suits from Armonk came courting, which may
color my thinking. Some. Doing Unix standards may have colored
my hair too.

Uh, any *nix-only or Mac-only ISPs, feel free to drop me a line.

Cheers,
Eric

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From: Evan Harris <eharris@puremagic.com>
To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] New proposal for spam blocking: Greylisting
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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 20:57:10 -0500 (CDT)


It should be noted that the 30% is actually quite a low estimate of the
effectiveness, which was based on numbers derived from a slightly similar
implementation.  But the newer implementation has significant advancements
that make a marked increase in the effectiveness, as many others are coming
to realize as they start implementing it.

Here's a key quote from a user on the greylisting-users list hosted at
http://lists.puremagic.com/

> RBLs are weak when new ip addresses are used to spam. Greylists are weak
> when the same ip address is used for repeated spam. Combined they can work
> better than either alone since each attacks the others weakness.
> - Martin Dempsey

Evan


On Sun, 22 Jun 2003, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: "Elric Pedder" <elric@novitraq.com>
>
> > ...
> > Regardless, I'm not an advocate of greylisting.  I agree with
> > the points you and others have made and the most significant is
> > that it has a relatively short life span.  However it is one of
> > the more interesting solutions to appear recently.
>
> I agree with the last sentence, but not all of the rest.  Others have
> reported that similar tactics are around 30% effective.  The high
> effectiveness reported here might be because, as was said, the high
> rate included dictionary attacks.  You'd expect dictionary attack spam
> to be particularly likely to be "hit-and-run."
>
> My random guess is that should it become popular, its effectiveness will
> drop from 30% to 10-20%, because it will ever become universal and many
> spammers blocked by it will choose to send to more addresses than go to
> the substantial trouble to send to the same targets through the same open
> proxies.  If I'm right, 10-20% is nothing to sneeze at, and is as good as
> or better than the realistic prospects of several other, purely theoretical
> spam defenses whose advocates promise us more.
>
> Note that greylisting can be seen as a variety of quarantine mechanism.
>
>
> Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
>
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>




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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 20:45:29 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>

> ...
> At 8:54 PM -0400 6/25/03, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >I received a very strange spam message, quoted below. Does anyone 
> >know what these kind of messages accomplish?
>
> Same as hoaxes and graffiti.  The knowledge of knowing that your 
> message is being seen by thousands of people.  That one's been around 
> for a while.  ALong with the guy looking for a time machine and a few 
> others.

Some commentators in NANAE claim that this guy is the same as the
time machine guy and that he's seriously distrubed.  See
http://groups.google.com/groups?q=%22unlimited+memory+backup%22+group%3A*.email


> One more reason why the definition of "spam" should not include the 
> word "commercial".

Yes, but charity and political spam is more common and so better
examples outside the political and helping professions who, like
most people, insist "Spam is that which I don't do."


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 22:50:54 -0400

On another mailing list (still waiting for permission to quote), 
someone running  an ISP made the following claim.

He says that if he sets up his mail server to blackhole spam instead 
of bounce it, the spammer shortly shifts to a different IP address 
with slightly different text.  He claims they are seeding the spam 
with known bad addresses, and if they don't get back a failed status 
from the SMTP server, they know that their spam is getting trapped by 
filters.

I don't have any idea what methodology he's using, and without a good 
control group to compare with this could be just a case of seeing 
lots of spam.  However conceptually it makes sense.  It's the inverse 
of checking for bounces on valid addresses, and it would allow a 
spammer to fine-tune their message to get through filters.

Can anyone confirm this?
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 21:10:36 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>

> ...
> He says that if he sets up his mail server to blackhole spam instead 
> of bounce it, the spammer shortly shifts to a different IP address 
> with slightly different text.  He claims they are seeding the spam 
> with known bad addresses, and if they don't get back a failed status 
> from the SMTP server, they know that their spam is getting trapped by 
> filters.
>
> I don't have any idea what methodology he's using, and without a good 
> control group to compare with this could be just a case of seeing 
> lots of spam.  However conceptually it makes sense.  It's the inverse 
> of checking for bounces on valid addresses, and it would allow a 
> spammer to fine-tune their message to get through filters.
>
> Can anyone confirm this?

As stated, that makes limited sense, because it is based on the
assumption that filters reject spam.  In fact many filters silently
discard, or rather, in effect like with a 250-OK SMTP status.  Consider
most procmail recipies.  Yes, the possibility of false positives urge
filters not lie, but that's not always possible (e.g. usually not with
procmail)and many people prefer to not leak information about their
filters to spammers.

There is a related scenario that makes more sense.  Contributors to
NANAE have reported that some spammers use almost certainly bogus
addresses (e.g. 15 random letters) to determine whether an SMTP server
lies about bogus addresses.   If a server answers "no such user," then
throwing a dictionary of 50,000 common user names at it will yield a
bunch of "confirmed" addresses that can be sold or spammed later.  If
not, then such a dictionary attack is a waste of time.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Vernon Schryver'" <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Weird spam
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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 20:28:01 -0700

It is probably going to turn out to be an advance fee fraud.

Making out that you are derranged is a common trick amongst con artists.
Consider how likely it is that someone who gets caught in a scheme that is
as demented as this one is going to complain to the police or if they do
that they will be taken seriously.

There are other possible explanations.


		Phill

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vernon Schryver [mailto:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, June 25, 2003 10:45 PM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] Weird spam
> 
> 
> > From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
> 
> > ...
> > At 8:54 PM -0400 6/25/03, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > >I received a very strange spam message, quoted below. Does anyone 
> > >know what these kind of messages accomplish?
> >
> > Same as hoaxes and graffiti.  The knowledge of knowing that your 
> > message is being seen by thousands of people.  That one's 
> been around 
> > for a while.  ALong with the guy looking for a time machine 
> and a few 
> > others.
> 
> Some commentators in NANAE claim that this guy is the same as the
> time machine guy and that he's seriously distrubed.  See
> http://groups.google.com/groups?q=%22unlimited+memory+backup%2
2+group%3A*.email


> One more reason why the definition of "spam" should not include the 
> word "commercial".

Yes, but charity and political spam is more common and so better
examples outside the political and helping professions who, like
most people, insist "Spam is that which I don't do."


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Spammers looking for sites that don't bounce?
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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 18:00:58 -0700 (PDT)

I can confirm this. They are using 10+ random names for email at the known 
isp domains with more then one name like that used. Very similar attempts 
happen from both blackholed ip blocks and from other ip blocks. I'v so far 
found two of these correlations in the logs and its not easy to notice it.

This is yet another technique spammers use to prepare for mass mailing 
when they have multiple servers and want maximum effectiveness.

On Wed, 25 Jun 2003, Kee Hinckley wrote:

> On another mailing list (still waiting for permission to quote), 
> someone running  an ISP made the following claim.
> 
> He says that if he sets up his mail server to blackhole spam instead 
> of bounce it, the spammer shortly shifts to a different IP address 
> with slightly different text.  He claims they are seeding the spam 
> with known bad addresses, and if they don't get back a failed status 
> from the SMTP server, they know that their spam is getting trapped by 
> filters.
> 
> I don't have any idea what methodology he's using, and without a good 
> control group to compare with this could be just a case of seeing 
> lots of spam.  However conceptually it makes sense.  It's the inverse 
> of checking for bounces on valid addresses, and it would allow a 
> spammer to fine-tune their message to get through filters.
> 
> Can anyone confirm this?
> 



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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 00:26:19 -0400

At 9:10 PM -0600 6/25/03, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>  > He says that if he sets up his mail server to blackhole spam instead
>>  of bounce it, the spammer shortly shifts to a different IP address
>>  with slightly different text.  He claims they are seeding the spam
>>  with known bad addresses, and if they don't get back a failed status
>  > from the SMTP server, they know that their spam is getting trapped by



>As stated, that makes limited sense, because it is based on the
>assumption that filters reject spam.  In fact many filters silently

I think you misread what I said.  I said that they are specifically 
looking for NON-rejected messages to fake addresses as a sign that 
mail is being filtered out without being bounced.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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To: Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>, ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Proposal: Separate ISP(s) for "guaranteed delivery"
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 00:30:54 -0400

At 07:09 AM 6/23/2003 -0400, Walter Dnes wrote:

>On Fri, Jun 20, 2003 at 11:23:09AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote
>
> >  From the charter:
> > "The definition of spam messages is not clear and is not consistent
> > across different individuals or organizations. Therefore, we
> > generalize the problem into "consent-based communication". This
> > means that an individual or organization should be able to express
> > consent or lack of consent for certain communication and have the
> > architecture support those desires. "
> >
> > We have no architecture in place for consent-based communications.
> > First lets develop that architecture, and than we can decide what
> > goes into it.
>[..]
>
>The Proposal
>============
>   Business phone lines cost more than residential phone lines, and ditto
>for business versus residential ISP connections.  The best analogy is
>regular paper mail.  Ordinary letters are often insufficient for
>business and/or legal purposes.  If you want to guarantee speedy
>delivery (or delivery, period) you expect to pay extra for registered
>mail or for a courier.  Businesses will probably accept "business ISPs"
>that guarantee delivery *TO CUSTOMERS OF THAT OR ANOTHER BUSINESS ISP*.

What about interoperability? How will different email providers decided who 
is responsible for paying what? Also, who will enforce such structure? 
Postal services of many countries use a UN affiliated organization called 
the International Postal Union which settles these matters. Is it good to 
put control into one body?

>   I am suggesting a major paradigm change.  Up til now people have been
>used to "THE email system".  My proposal is to rename "THE email system"
>to "Personal Email" and create a parallel system called "Business Email".
>"Business Email" would cost extra, and *TRANSMISSION* would be only via a
>per-email and per-megabyte user fee.  The general public could join with
>free "read-only" accounts, with the option of sending one-off messages
>for a low fee.  This would literally be the best of both worlds...
>
>   - businesses would be guaranteed the delivery of important documents
>     because business ISPs could charge sufficient fees to finance a
>     sufficiently robust infra-structure.
>
>   - today's email system, used by Grandma to keep in touch with the
>     grandkids, wouldn't have to be totally perverted for the sake of
>     big business.

What about the issue of spam in Personal email?

>[..]
>   Many details remain to be filled in.  Comments, suggestions ?


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Subject: [Asrg] Gimail
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 11:18:02 +0100
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I wanted to propose a new mail system called Gimail
and ask for comments from list members.

Gimail would work by each ISP having a new mail
machine (gimail.isp.net say) which would contact
the Gimail machine for destination ISPs.

Gimail would be sent through the Gimail machine
of the ISP and thus it would be simple to determine
the offending ISP for unwanted mail.


Someone would maintain a whitelist of well-behaved
Gimail machines. ISPs in the scheme would simply
reject mail from other machines.

Initially, Gimail will be run in parallel to the
current email system.
Gradually, however, Gimail would become the mail
system of choice as it would be naturally a lot
more spam-free.

If any ISP in the scheme went bad, its Gimail
machine would simply be removed from the whitelist.


Would anyone like to comment?

Regards
Tim

The Matrix
Morpheus: You've felt it your entire life, that there's
  something wrong with the world.


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Subject: [Asrg] Re: Proposal: Separate ISP(s) for "guaranteed delivery" of email
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> ... 8< ...
>                        Businesses will probably accept "business ISPs"
> that guarantee delivery *TO CUSTOMERS OF THAT OR ANOTHER BUSINESS ISP*.

This is a fascinating idea, I'd like to know more...

Would you envisage this involving the creation of a separate network in 
parallel with the internet (along the lines of ANX, ENX etc. mentioned 
recently)? If so, how (if at all) would such a system connect with the existing 
internet infrastructure?

Or are you suggesting that the messages would be carried over the same physical 
network but via a different set of servers? Perhaps with a different mail 
transport protocol instead of SMTP?

Given the well-known problems of identifying the true sender when SMTP is used, 
it seems likely that a different protocol with better authentication would 
required to avoid the possibility of a rogue organisation sending messages at 
someone else's expense or claiming to originate from some address other than 
the true sender. If so, it would be appropriate to consider what properties 
such a protocol ought to have.

>   I am suggesting a major paradigm change.  Up til now people have been
> used to "THE email system".  My proposal is to rename "THE email
> system" to "Personal Email" and create a parallel system called "Business
> Email". "Business Email" would cost extra, and *TRANSMISSION* would be 
> only via a per-email and per-megabyte user fee.  The general public could
> join with free "read-only" accounts, with the option of sending one-off
> messages for a low fee.  This would literally be the best of both worlds...
>   - businesses would be guaranteed the delivery of important documents
>     because business ISPs could charge sufficient fees to finance a
>     sufficiently robust infra-structure.
> 
>   - today's email system, used by Grandma to keep in touch with the
>     grandkids, wouldn't have to be totally perverted for the sake of
>     big business.
> 

I'm curious to know how the new business e-mail system would interact with Joe 
Public. You say that the public could have free read-only accounts, which I 
assume would have a separate address from the personal email system.

Suppose I sign up for such an account and am given an e-mail 
address "andrew@freebie.net"

Does this mean that when I give a company an address to contact me, I would 
give them my "andrew@freebie.net" address? I guess that all business contacts 
between customer and company would ultimately be through this new business e-
mail system.

A few interesting questions have occurred to me, I wonder if you (or anyone 
else here) have any thoughts about them:

At the moment, all businesses and individuals use the same shared e-mail 
system. When this new business e-mail system comes into being, what will 
persuade businesses to switch to using it? Is it the pure economic argument 
about differentiation of services by providing tracked, guaranteed delivery 
within that network?

If such a network had extra features too, such as use of encryption and digital 
signatures to provide confidentiality and non-repudiation then I can imagine it 
would appear very attractive to corporate users. Perhaps I've answered this 
question myself, but I'd like to hear your answer. :-)

Assuming that some companies do take up the new business e-mail system, there 
seems to be nothing that would force all other companies to do the same. What 
effect do you believe (in the short to medium term) this scheme would have on 
sending of spam over the existing e-mail system?

If Mr Spammer wishes to continue sending me junk, surely he will just stay on 
the existing personal internet using SMTP with all of the problems that we see 
today. How would life for the existing e-mail recipient improve by the creation 
of a separate business network?

>                                   Rather than universal "must-carry",
> residential ISPs would only be faced with "must-allow-client-access" to
> business ISPs.  This would mean not blocking SSL or SSH or VPN or
> webmail or any other access *ORIGINATED BY CUSTOMERS OF THE PERSONAL
> ISP* connecting to the business ISP.  This does *NOT* include SMTP
> delivery of email from a business ISP to a residential ISP.

Given what you say here, there must be some kind of linkage between the two e-
mail systems. How do you propose to identify (and distinguish between) personal 
ISP users and business ISP users? 

Would business e-mail customers be recognised by IP address, by posession of 
some secret information (along the lines of cryptographic authentication), or 
simply because they have a physically separate network which is inaccessible to 
outsiders?

Furthermore, how do you envisage messages would travel between the two e-mail 
systems? Your comments above imply the use of SMTP to ultimately deliver 
messages to end-users on the residential network, but I assume you're being 
careful to avoid design decisions about what would be used to send e-mail in 
the opposite direction.

If, as noted above, another protocol were needed on the business e-mail system 
(to provide the additional features lacking in SMTP) then there needs to be 
some gateway defined between the two e-mail systems. I would then ask what 
rules such a gateway would have for allowing mail in either direction. 

You already outline a rule stating that residential customers must be able to 
communicate with businesses (via some as-yet unspecified transport mechanism). 
Therefore:

Would a business be allowed to send messages from the business e-mail network 
to the residential one? It's a very important feature, since how else could a 
business answer customer queries? 

Would they simply send responses to the customer's free read-only address on 
the business network? If so, there still needs to be some way in which that 
customer could conveniently read the messages sent to that address; those 
messages must somehow be delivered to their final recipient.

I'm trying to understand the extent to which these two systems would inter-
operate and where the boundaries lie.

>   Many details remain to be filled in.  Comments, suggestions ?

I think it's a very novel suggestion, but there's a lot more I'd like to know 
about it. Sorry if any of my questions seems a little obvious, I'm just 
checking that I've understood your idea correctly.

Regards

Andrew

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jun 26 09:28:37 2003
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Subject: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 09:19:49 -0400

The longer I know Barry, the less I think he's a paranoid curmudgeon 
and the more I think he's just remarkably ahead of the curve.  (Or in 
other words, he's going to fall off the cliff first.)

http://zdnet.com.com/2100-1105_2-1020963.html
>A new variant of the Sobig virus started spreading on Wednesday, 
>raising the specter that spammers will have a host of new PCs to use 
>as platforms for sending bulk e-mail.
>
>Initial analysis by antivirus companies indicated that the 
>mass-mailing computer worm, called Sobig.E, doesn't have a malicious 
>payload. However, e-mail service provider MessageLabs believes 
>spammers will use the virus's mail program on victims' computers to 
>send anonymous messages.
>
>"This is almost certainly being precipitated by a spammer that is 
>trying to create more open relays to send spam," said Mark Sunner, 
>chief technology officer for the U.K.-based company.

-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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Subject: [Asrg] News Article - Microsoft and spam
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Just ran across a new article from News.com=20
(http://news.com.com/2100-1032_3-1021166.html) discussing the difference=20
between Microsoft's actions and words on spam.

---snip---
Microsoft urged to fry its own spam
By Paul Festa
Staff Writer, CNET News.com
June 26, 2003, 4:00 AM PT
http://news.com.com/2100-1032-1021166.html

Microsoft recently launched a high-profile campaign against spammers, but=
=20
some critics say the company should be more introspective if it is seriou=
s=20
about reducing the scourge of unwanted e-mail.

The software maker and some of its competitors that provide Internet=20
service and Web-based e-mail are outdoing one another with highly=20
publicized antispam campaigns. These have ranged from lawsuits to=20
technology and policy initiatives.

In the most recent example, Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates sent a letter=20
Tuesday to customers in which he explained some steps his company is taki=
ng=20
to reduce spam. The letter came a day after The Wall Street Journal=20
published an antispam column penned by Gates.

But some companies and organizations working to curb spam accuse Microsof=
t=20
of grandstanding, saying that the Redmond, Wash., company has demonstrate=
d=20
a preference for splashy press events over difficult technology fixes or=20
product sacrifices. These critics have seized on the company's own=20
statements that it is focusing on reducing the amount of spam its users=20
receive, rather than the spam its users and servers send.

"Microsoft is behind the times," said Laura Atkins, president of the=20
SpamCon Foundation. "In general it's nice to see them finally catching up=
=20
with everyone else--and they are working hard to rein in abuse--but they=20
have to work a lot harder," Atkins said."Microsoft has its own spam probl=
em."

Microsoft, however, rejects those contentions, citing recent projects and=
=20
the long-term nature of any effective solution.

"Spam is a central issue for our customers and we are taking a multifacet=
ed=20
approach to address the problem," a Microsoft representative said. "We di=
d=20
not get here overnight. It will take time to see the impact of the effort=
s=20
we are making across technology, legislation, enforcement and self-regula=
tion."

In February, Microsoft announced a series of lawsuits against spammers. I=
n=20
March it imposed a 100-message cap on users of its free Hotmail e-mail=20
service (the restriction does not apply to paid Hotmail accounts). In May=
,=20
Microsoft unveiled more antispam features for Hotmail and its MSN online=20
service and submitted to the U.S. Senate written testimony by Gates urgin=
g=20
legal spam restrictions. And last week the company called an internationa=
l=20
press conference to publicize more suits against spammers.

Critics: Spam traced to Microsoft servers
But even such a busy antispam schedule has failed to convince Microsoft's=
=20
critics that it is doing enough to help stem the spam tide.

Deficiencies in Microsoft's spam behavior range across a number of its=20
divisions that offer e-mail services, according to Atkins and others. The=
se=20
include the company's small-business-oriented bCentral portal; MSN, which=
=20
has its own e-mail service; and Hotmail, a separate, Web-based e-mail=20
service that uses many of the same systems as MSN but operates under=20
different rules.

Perhaps the loudest hew and cry against Microsoft emanates from some=20
network administrators tracking the spam problem, who claim that a sizabl=
e=20
chunk of the spam now clogging the Internet's arteries emanates from=20
Microsoft's own servers.

These spam watchers complain that while Microsoft has implemented badly=20
needed controls on Hotmail, such as technology designed to identify=20
software robots and prevent them from registering for accounts, Microsoft=
=20
has left loopholes large enough to run rivers of spam through the related=
=20
MSN e-mail service.

"Hotmail has the combination of daily limits and having to prove you're=20
human, which makes it not useful for sending spam," said John Levine,=20
author of several computer technology books and a board member of the=20
Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial E-mail (CAUCE). "MSN has neither=
=20
of those, so we're seeing a lot of spam."

MSN e-mail is available for a free two-month trial. As a result, Levine=20
said, someone could use a purloined credit card number to open the accoun=
t,=20
send torrents of spam, and then cancel the account before the credit card=
=20
is charged and subsequently determined to be stolen. That process could b=
e=20
repeated several times a day by a single person, he said.

Levine and others further isolate the MSN spam problem to a protocol that=
=20
Microsoft uses to integrate its various e-mail services and e-mail=20
management applications, including Outlook. Called WebDAV, the protocol=20
lets people write their own interfaces to an e-mail system, and it is=20
through this protocol that Levine believes spammers are jacking up MSN's=20
spam output.

Methods of using WebDAV to send e-mail through Hotmail's servers--but=20
without going through the Web site or Outlook--are well documented online.

"With the right tools, a smart network engineer would be able to see that=
=20
almost all of the e-mail coming from the Hotmail/MSN servers that are use=
d=20
for WebDAV is spam," wrote one spam expert who requested anonymity. "We=20
have seen direct evidence of this."

Worse, WebDAV critics say, the protocol makes it easy for spammers to alt=
er=20
their return addresses and other header information--a chronic headache f=
or=20
network administrators trying to identify spam and its origins.

"If you have a Hotmail or MSN account, when you set up your account in=20
Outlook Express, you can set it up with any return address you want, and=20
the Hotmail/MSN mail servers cheerfully send mail with any old return=20
address you want," Levine said. "Hence the problem."

Microsoft: We're working on it
However, MSN has its own outbound e-mail limit, said Larry Grothaus, MSN'=
s=20
lead product manager, declining to disclose any details. He also contende=
d=20
that the credit card registration safeguarded MSN e-mail against=20
unauthenticated abuse, and that the credit card system prevented serial=20
registrations under the same card.

"We agree that it's a very large issue for the entire industry, so we're=20
doing what we can on both the incoming and outgoing basis to help=20
customers," Grothaus said. While not disputing the technical details of=20
critics' WebDAV complaints, he called the notion that most of MSN's=20
outbound DAV e-mail was spam "absolutely incorrect...a very far stretch."

The degree to which Microsoft is working on the outbound spam issue remai=
ns=20
a matter of debate. In a May 29 interview published on the company's Web=20
site, the general manager of Microsoft's antispam technology and strategy=
=20
group, Ryan Hamlin, said the company had prioritized incoming spam over=20
outbound spam.

"Outbound is something we're looking at," Hamlin said. "We've had=20
conversations both in Hotmail and MSN, and I would say that it's not=20
something that probably in the next couple of months you'll see us be sup=
er=20
aggressive about, because we feel like solving the inbound problem is a=20
much greater issue right now than solving the outbound problem."

The amount of incoming Hotmail spam dwarfed the amount of outbound Hotmai=
l=20
spam by about 10-to-1, Hamlin said.

"So we're going after the big fish first and solving the inbound problem=20
and then absolutely we'll turn and start to address the outbound issue," =
he=20
said.

That philosophy doesn't sit well with the SpamCon Foundation, which accus=
es=20
Microsoft of failing to regulate spam sent by its own customers.

"BCentral.com sends a lot of mail that is not necessarily solicited, and=20
often they continue to send it even after you've told them to stop," Atki=
ns=20
said. "The problem is that bCentral has a number of customers who send ma=
il=20
through them, but Microsoft doesn't police them at all. They don't take=20
action against their customers."

Microsoft-owned bCentral sells software and services such as e-mail to=20
small businesses. A representative declined to comment on the issue of sp=
am=20
from the service.

While network administrators complain about the volume of spam originatin=
g=20
with Microsoft servers, at least one e-mail provider sounded a sympatheti=
c=20
note.

"We continually have to improve what we are doing on our side as well,"=20
said Josh Mailman, vice president of marketing for Everyone.net, which=20
hosts free sponsored mail for 35,000 domains.

"People will try to exploit free Web mail even to the extent of hiring=20
people to go through human interface test--which we all have--and then se=
nd=20
spam out one by one. Think of spam sweat shops," Mailman said. "Providers=
=20
like Hotmail, Yahoo, AOL and us have to continually improve and be vigila=
nt=20
to the threat and work to keep e-mail clean."

Copyright =A91995-2003 CNET Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
---snip---=20


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jun 26 11:17:35 2003
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 11:13:32 -0400

Well, this raises an interesting issue that I mentioned before - if a virus 
takes over someone's email client, lets say Outlook, and starts sending 
spam from that person's account which is legit, there isn't much we can do. 
Someone else suggested that imposing a rate limit and notifing the customer 
in case the limit is reached, would be a possible solution.

At 09:19 AM 6/26/2003 -0400, Kee Hinckley wrote:

>The longer I know Barry, the less I think he's a paranoid curmudgeon and 
>the more I think he's just remarkably ahead of the curve.  (Or in other 
>words, he's going to fall off the cliff first.)
>
>http://zdnet.com.com/2100-1105_2-1020963.html
>>A new variant of the Sobig virus started spreading on Wednesday, raising 
>>the specter that spammers will have a host of new PCs to use as platforms 
>>for sending bulk e-mail.
>>
>>Initial analysis by antivirus companies indicated that the mass-mailing 
>>computer worm, called Sobig.E, doesn't have a malicious payload. However, 
>>e-mail service provider MessageLabs believes spammers will use the 
>>virus's mail program on victims' computers to send anonymous messages.
>>
>>"This is almost certainly being precipitated by a spammer that is trying 
>>to create more open relays to send spam," said Mark Sunner, chief 
>>technology officer for the U.K.-based company.


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Microsoft and spam
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 10:20:02 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

>...
> (http://news.com.com/2100-1032_3-1021166.html) discussing the difference 
> between Microsoft's actions and words on spam.

> ...
> "BCentral.com sends a lot of mail that is not necessarily solicited, and 
> often they continue to send it even after you've told them to stop," Atkins 
> said. "The problem is that bCentral has a number of customers who send mail 
> through them, but Microsoft doesn't police them at all. They don't take 
> action against their customers."

"Not necessarily solicited" is a mealymouthed way of stating the
truth that Microsoft's Bcentral.com is an unregenerate spam haus.
I've plenty of my own evidence to prove that charge.  You can see
some of other people's evidence in 
http://groups.google.com/groups?q=Bcentral+group%3A*.sightings


> ...
> "People will try to exploit free Web mail even to the extent of hiring 
> people to go through human interface test ..."

I've been wondering for a long time when someone might say that in public.

About "forgery," free mail providers (including Everyone.net), and
related subjects--I recently I'd grown sloppy in keeping track of
their domain names as envelope senders in the spam in my traps and
that I'd been lazy when I last counted them.  Of the 34,740 spam in
my 39 day rolling log that were not relay probes, 15,025 or 43% had
sender domains from among the 784 domains listed in
http://www.rhyolite.com/anti-spam/freemail.html


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 12:44:14 -0400

At 10:20 AM 6/26/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> >...
> > (http://news.com.com/2100-1032_3-1021166.html) discussing the difference
> > between Microsoft's actions and words on spam.
>
> > ...
> > "People will try to exploit free Web mail even to the extent of hiring
> > people to go through human interface test ..."
>
>I've been wondering for a long time when someone might say that in public.
>[..]

I was wondering about that as well. Would hiring people for go through the 
human interface test increases the costs for spammers? Does it matter since 
the cost is so small anyway? What about in a C/R system where a human 
interface test is used, would spammers actually go ahead and hire people to 
pass the test from each bounced message?

Yakov  


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Microsoft and spam
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 10:57:47 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>

> ...
> I was wondering about that as well. Would hiring people for go through the 
> human interface test increases the costs for spammers? Does it matter since 
> the cost is so small anyway? What about in a C/R system where a human 
> interface test is used, would spammers actually go ahead and hire people to 
> pass the test from each bounced message?

Let's do some arithmetic.  At $10/hour and 10 seconds per challenge
answered or account created, the cost would be about $0.03 address.
That sounds a little but not very high to send mail until the
challenge whitelist entry is deleted by the spam target.  It sounds
low for a valid sender account that can be used for millions of
messages for days until the free provider notices enough bounces
or receives a complaint and terminates it.

Free providers often impose delays of more than 10 seconds for
account creation.  That can be handled by giving your $10/hour
employees big monitors and have them run several windows simultaneously
to overlap with the delays.  Pay them by the account created or
challenge answered to keep them busy.  Use software to automate
most of the process, including counting and checking the work.
Don't worry about the U.S.  labor laws about piece work, since
you're probably breaking lots of other laws.

I wonder how much of the flood of "work at home" spam today involves
free mail account creation jobs?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'Vernon Schryver'" <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Asrg] News Article - Microsoft and spam
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 10:27:36 -0700

I think that we have to be realistic about the cost/benefit issue here.

Yes it is possible for a spammer to hire people to sign up for these
schemes. However to do so requires capital which has an effect on the
starting out spam senders.

A spam sender that tries to do this in  bulk is going to start to hit limits
on the number of addresses a given IP address can sign up for at a time. 

It strikes me that it might be a good scheme to allow the spam senders to
register large numbers of domains but mark them as being suspect spamhaus
addresses. Then monitor the emails being sent out with spam filters and chop
the account.

		Phill


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vernon Schryver [mailto:vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com]
> Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 12:58 PM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Microsoft and spam
> 
> 
> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
> 
> > ...
> > I was wondering about that as well. Would hiring people for 
> go through the 
> > human interface test increases the costs for spammers? Does 
> it matter since 
> > the cost is so small anyway? What about in a C/R system 
> where a human 
> > interface test is used, would spammers actually go ahead 
> and hire people to 
> > pass the test from each bounced message?
> 
> Let's do some arithmetic.  At $10/hour and 10 seconds per challenge
> answered or account created, the cost would be about $0.03 address.
> That sounds a little but not very high to send mail until the
> challenge whitelist entry is deleted by the spam target.  It sounds
> low for a valid sender account that can be used for millions of
> messages for days until the free provider notices enough bounces
> or receives a complaint and terminates it.
> 
> Free providers often impose delays of more than 10 seconds for
> account creation.  That can be handled by giving your $10/hour
> employees big monitors and have them run several windows 
> simultaneously
> to overlap with the delays.  Pay them by the account created or
> challenge answered to keep them busy.  Use software to automate
> most of the process, including counting and checking the work.
> Don't worry about the U.S.  labor laws about piece work, since
> you're probably breaking lots of other laws.
> 
> I wonder how much of the flood of "work at home" spam today involves
> free mail account creation jobs?
> 
> 
> Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> 

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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 17:11:07 -0400

At 2:14 AM -0500 6/24/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>Now, it IS true I suppose that the spammer could have used a 
>non-hyperlinked URL
>and asked the recipient to copy-and-paste it, but they're still probably going

All modern email systems automatically link anything that looks like 
a URL, whether or not the email is in HTML format.  No cut and paste 
required.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jun 26 14:21:54 2003
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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 18:31:09 -0400
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No, there are actually specific weaknesses in the memory and
protection model of windows operating systems which allow programs run
by ordinary users without privileges to infect the machine with
viruses.

Plus or minus the odd serious bug or misconfiguration operating
systems such as unix, linux, VMS, MVS, TOPS-20 (going back 20+ years),
etc are more or less immune to such problems. This is because you
generally have to first obtain super-user privilege to modify system
software.

This is really viruses 101.


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 21:29:30 -0400

At 8:54 PM -0400 6/25/03, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>I received a very strange spam message, quoted below. Does anyone 
>know what these kind of messages accomplish?

Same as hoaxes and graffiti.  The knowledge of knowing that your 
message is being seen by thousands of people.  That one's been around 
for a while.  ALong with the guy looking for a time machine and a few 
others.

One more reason why the definition of "spam" should not include the 
word "commercial".
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 17:07:26 -0400

On Sun, Jun 22, 2003 at 02:12:15PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote

>  >   An RFC means nothing if it isn't enforced.  You almost need an
>  > "internet driver's licence" or a "Killer-V" to get the problems off
>  > the net.
> 
> Wait a minute, there have been over 3000 RFC's issued.
> 
> Do you mean to tell us they all mean nothing?

  Most of them are followed.  However, some aren't.  Netscape started
the HTML-email garbage, and MS followed.

> Hmm, why are we here? What do you imagine the product of this group
> likely to be?

  One or more RFCs that are hopefully followed/enforced.  That
qualification is the sticking point.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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On Sunday, June 22, 2003, at 07:47 PM, Vernon Schryver wrote:
>> Indeed.  If users are unhappy with text/plain (and want bold, italics,
>> etc., reflowing paragraphs and so on), then we've already got a
>> non-HTML solution: text/enriched, rfc1896.
>
> What common MUA's can generate or even display RFC 1896 rich text?

Eudora.

> That is realistic, but we could also hope to get software producers
> to turn off HTML by default, or at least until the user asks for
> some formatting.

Like Apple Mail does, for example.


mathew


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 00:21:11 +0100

Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> writes:

[...]

> I maintain that the primary problem with spam right now is caused by
> the hijacking of systems (demonstrably) by the hundreds (probably much
> more) to spew spam.

Is there evidence to support this?  (My apologies if it's already been
quoted.)

> I further maintain that without these hijacked systems spammers would
> be ineffective, a relatively minor nuisance.
>
> There are good, structural reasons why this is the case:
>
> a) Spamming does not provide the sort of margin needed to purchase and
> maintain the equipment they seem to rely on. Therefore, they must
> steal it.
>
> b) Even if they could acquire such equipment, and concomitant
> bandwidth, it would of necessity be located in a relatively static
> location (e.g., ip addresses), and, so, relatively easy to just block.

I must admit, my gut feeling suggests that these two points ought to
be true.  And yet I suspect they aren't: I suspect spamming is cheap
enough, and that there's just enough demand, that some spammers can
indeed make a profit relatively legitimately.

[...]


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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2003 13:38:52 +0100

> > Unauthenticated executable content of any kind has no place in email.
There
> > is no cause to send unsolicited and unauthenticated Java, Active-X or
> > Javascript. The <IMG> tag referencing an external object is causing a
> > programmed action I think it should be blocked by default as well.
> > 
> > HTML worked and works just fine without external references or
executable
> > content. 
> 
> +1, I agree strongly.
> 
> BTW it's even more complex now, since many legit mail-sending operations
> consider "web bugs" (1x1 pixel external IMGs with an identifying tag)
> to be good practice in measuring mail views. :(

I know of at least one large financial organisation that refuses to accept
messages containing web bugs.  If a few more large groups hopped on the
bandwagon...

N
-- 
1        1         2         3         4         5         6         7    7
         0         0         0         0         0         0         0    5
                                                    -- The 75 column-ometer
Global Messaging,                 A: Top posting
120 Cheapside, x83331             Q: What's the most annoying e-mail habit?

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Viruses
To: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>, gep2@terabites.com
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>No, there are actually specific weaknesses in the memory and
>protection model of windows operating systems which allow programs run
>by ordinary users without privileges to infect the machine with
>viruses.

Viruses and worms can easily enough propagate while operating without 
privileges.

The fact is that Sun, Linux, Mac, VMS, and other OSes (and apps running under 
those) also can be and have been subject to viruses too.  The main reason 
they're not infected more often is because Windows and its apps are more widely 
found, and thus a more appealing target for virus authors.

>Plus or minus the odd serious bug or misconfiguration operating
>systems such as unix, linux, VMS, MVS, TOPS-20 (going back 20+ years),
>etc are more or less immune to such problems. 

I guess you can claim that if you dismiss any vulnerability as an "odd serious 
bug".

OS/MVT had plenty of strong memory and protection features, but (like most ANY 
operating system) there were plenty of holes and vulnerabilities, too.  All 
systems have them;  most nontrivial applications do, too.

> This is because you generally have to first obtain super-user privilege to 
modify system software.

But you don't have to "modify system software" to become infected with a worm, 
virus, or trojan.

>This is really viruses 101.

The problem (here on THIS list at least) isn't viruses, it's the ability to 
install malicious programs that can aid and abet spammers.  That does NOT 
require system root rights.  

One of the things that's so appealing about the sender/recipient pair 
permissions lists is that the SAME mechanism works against BOTH spam AND 
viruses/worms/trojans.  And it doesn't require a special theoretical 
high-security operating system to achieve that.


Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com> wrote:

 > Let's do some arithmetic.  At $10/hour and 10 seconds per challenge
 > answered or account created, the cost would be about $0.03 address.
 > That sounds a little but not very high to send mail until the
 > challenge whitelist entry is deleted by the spam target.  It sounds
 > low for a valid sender account that can be used for millions of
 > messages for days until the free provider notices enough bounces
 > or receives a complaint and terminates it.

Does anybody have any actual numbers on how good a return spammers get on 
their spam, in terms of, say, cents per thousand spams?  I suspect this 
will be very hard to measure for spam that works indirectly (like 
getting people to go to a URL that does not have an embedded tracking 
number), and vastly different per category, but there may be SOME hard 
data out there....

 > Free providers often impose delays of more than 10 seconds for
 > account creation.

Heck, that much delay can be imposed by normal data processing, web 
congestion, etc....

 > That can be handled by giving your $10/hour
 > employees big monitors and have them run several windows
 > simultaneously to overlap with the delays.

I don't think it need even require large monitors and manual task 
switching.  It should be relatively simple (i.e., at most a month's 
programming) to automate everything but the image interpretation.  If it 
presents a steady stream of images to a human, it could get the time 
each down to maybe two or three seconds.  Within a minute, I've thought 
of a whole architecture for such a system, with modular screen parsing 
for different providers, and configgable so you can keep up with changes 
in their screens.  Of course I'll leave it as an exercise for the 
lurking spammers and spam-symps, but I can easily imagine someone 
writing this sucker and selling it to spammers.

-- 
David J. Aronson, Unemployed Software Engineer in the Washington DC area
See http://destined.to/program/ for online resume and other information.


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Date: Wed, 25 Jun 2003 08:30:04 -0200

At 6/25/03, Walter Dnes wrote:
>On Mon, Jun 23, 2003, Kee Hinckley wrote
>>At 6/23/03, Walter Dnes wrote:
>> >   Many details remain to be filled in.  Comments, suggestions ?
>>
>>1. There are two aspects of depending on email as a business.  One is
>>sending.  But for most businesses receiving is even more important.
>>And that's receiving from end users.  How do you do that without
>>involving spam?
>
>  A business can "receive" via a webform.  As a matter of fact, a
>customer can keep track of their order via webpages.  Businesses can
>get around spam by using webforms for incoming requests.

Look at the Automotive industry, for some years they have had closed
large scale "extranets" in form of ANX, ENX and JNX. Internet-like
networks with IPSec encryption as standard and trusts between them.
In US it seems that also Health Care operators have bought access from
ANX. Set up mail to traverse this net and you can follow the traffic in the
operator logs, who connected to who for smtp. Disconnect this mail from
Internet and you have no spam this way. Then do as Walter says, use
web forms for Internet contacts.  When the mobile becomes a Palm or CE,
this is no longer a real problem.

Unfortunately the proposed global cooperation, Global Automotive Network
Exchange (GNX) have yet to materialize. But when the cost of security soars
and the Automotive industry gets away from their present ownership attitude,
getting the large ISP's to take over and operate it 100% commercially, under
same conditions as the Internet, we'll see the problem decrease for these
commercial operations.

Then also other players will connect, as governmental bodies, creating a 
parallel
Internet and mail system, leaving small scale operations and personal mail 
left
in the remaining spam soup.

>>2. While this creates a desirable service for businesses, and it
>>potentially avoids the danger of negative legislation in the personal
>>email space, does it have any attributes that directly help eliminate
>>spam in the personal email space?
>
>  The mere fact that it's "personal email", rather than a business
>facility will allow end-users to use more effective filters, even though
>they risk more false positives.

Possible, since this leaves less infrastructure impact, since people upgrade
clients once or twice every year, though a combination of Milter type of
filters for volume and client for whitelisting and local blocking is 
preferred.
And if  as accurate info in the block lists is used, false positives is 
negliable.

Haven't had a false positive since my last correction of my "Earnest" filter
in May. If hunting the right data, we can reduce false positives to a level
where it isn't a problem.

Kurt Magnusson

_________________________________________________________________
Protect your PC - get McAfee.com VirusScan Online 
http://clinic.mcafee.com/clinic/ibuy/campaign.asp?cid=3963


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 15:02:09 -0400

At 10:57 AM 6/26/2003 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:

> > From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>
> > ...
> > I was wondering about that as well. Would hiring people for go through the
> > human interface test increases the costs for spammers? Does it matter 
> since
> > the cost is so small anyway? What about in a C/R system where a human
> > interface test is used, would spammers actually go ahead and hire 
> people to
> > pass the test from each bounced message?
>
>Let's do some arithmetic.  At $10/hour and 10 seconds per challenge
>answered or account created, the cost would be about $0.03 address.
>That sounds a little but not very high to send mail until the
>challenge whitelist entry is deleted by the spam target.  It sounds
>low for a valid sender account that can be used for millions of
>messages for days until the free provider notices enough bounces
>or receives a complaint and terminates it.
>[..]

Even if every single message has to be manually verified or sent by a 
human, how much would it cost anyway to hire people to do so? It seems that 
the advantage that spam enjoys is due to low cost of the transmission 
medium. In the postal system junk mail is restricted not by the fact that 
its sent by humans or machines, but rather by the cost of the postage 
itself and various laws covering illegal mail scams. Thus, in the email 
world it would seem that an economic solution that imposes postage costs 
would seem like a good solution but then again the real world does not 
correspond directly to the Net world.

On the other hand snail mail recipients cannot have an automated system 
reject junk mail, unlike email users. Thus this brings us back again to 
consent-based communications. Users and/or their providers define filtering 
rules under which email is rejected or put into the bulk folder. For the 
most paranoid, all email is rejected unless the receiver is known, for 
others filtering, C/R, HTML blocking, etc. systems can be used.  Once the 
receiver has given his consent to the sender, all email will flow freely. 
Consent can either be given by being put on a whitelist - then issues of 
forged sender must be resolved. Other ways to give consent is cryptographic 
tokens or passwords.

Just some thoughts.

Yakov  


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To: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] hiring challenge responders
Cc: asrg@ietf.org
In-Reply-To: <200306261443.16139.dja2003@hotpop.com>
References: <200306261657.h5QGvlZx019967@calcite.rhyolite.com>
 <5.2.0.9.2.20030626124043.00bb4ea0@std5.imagineis.com>
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 15:12:56 -0400

At 02:43 PM 6/26/2003 -0400, Dave Aronson wrote:

>Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com> wrote:
>
>  > Let's do some arithmetic.  At $10/hour and 10 seconds per challenge
>  > answered or account created, the cost would be about $0.03 address.
>  > That sounds a little but not very high to send mail until the
>  > challenge whitelist entry is deleted by the spam target.  It sounds
>  > low for a valid sender account that can be used for millions of
>  > messages for days until the free provider notices enough bounces
>  > or receives a complaint and terminates it.
>
>Does anybody have any actual numbers on how good a return spammers get on
>their spam, in terms of, say, cents per thousand spams?  I suspect this
>will be very hard to measure for spam that works indirectly (like
>getting people to go to a URL that does not have an embedded tracking
>number), and vastly different per category, but there may be SOME hard
>data out there....
[..]

There was a news article a while back somewhere about the Iraq playing 
cards that were made by some company. It had some financial figures.

Yakov 


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CC: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] hiring challenge responders
References: <200306261657.h5QGvlZx019967@calcite.rhyolite.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030626124043.00bb4ea0@std5.imagineis.com> <200306261657.h5QGvlZx019967@calcite.rhyolite.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030626151205.00bb62b0@std5.imagineis.com>
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I heard the number as 1% conversion rate: for every 100 messages sent, 
99 will reject it and 1 will buy it!

Chuck

Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> At 02:43 PM 6/26/2003 -0400, Dave Aronson wrote:
>
>> Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com> wrote:
>>
>>  > Let's do some arithmetic.  At $10/hour and 10 seconds per challenge
>>  > answered or account created, the cost would be about $0.03 address.
>>  > That sounds a little but not very high to send mail until the
>>  > challenge whitelist entry is deleted by the spam target.  It sounds
>>  > low for a valid sender account that can be used for millions of
>>  > messages for days until the free provider notices enough bounces
>>  > or receives a complaint and terminates it.
>>
>> Does anybody have any actual numbers on how good a return spammers 
>> get on
>> their spam, in terms of, say, cents per thousand spams?  I suspect this
>> will be very hard to measure for spam that works indirectly (like
>> getting people to go to a URL that does not have an embedded tracking
>> number), and vastly different per category, but there may be SOME hard
>> data out there....
>
> [..]
>
> There was a news article a while back somewhere about the Iraq playing 
> cards that were made by some company. It had some financial figures.
>
> Yakov
>
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>



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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Barry Shein'" <bzs@world.std.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Viruses
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Barry Shein wrote:
> For example, is it a FEATURE of all mentioned windows OS's=20
> that any non-privileged program can add new .EXE files to=20
> the system directory and modify the registry such that=20
> those newly added programs autostart on boot?
> Or is it a BUG which was exploited?

	The reality is that it is both Feature and Bug. The difference
depends on perspective and timing not on technical details... What was
once a feature would be seen as a bug if designed today. Times have
changed. "Back then", many would have claimed that making software easy
to install on Windows machines was appropriate. End users had trouble
dealing with passwords, didn't understand security constraints, etc.
and, Windows machines weren't "mission critical" -- they were just
desktop front-ends to other more well protected systems. But, those
times have changed. What hasn't changed very much is Windows' idea of
security.
	It is the same with email protocols. I built my first email
system in 1980 and shipped my first product containing email (DEC's
ALL-IN-1) in 1981. (It had 54% market share for commercial Office
Automation back in the 80's). I also participated in numerous
international standards efforts related to email. However, I don't think
I can remember a single instance during the 80's when spam was seriously
discussed as something that should be addressed in email protocol
design. It has always been with us, however, people trusted that folk
would use the network well and that peer pressure could get people to
stop sending inappropriate mail. This na=EFve and hopeful view of the
world was shattered during the 90's...
	What we've got now is a legacy problem. There are thousands of
software applications that rely on the virtually non-existent security
in Windows to do what they need to do and we've got thousands of mail
packages that rely on old protocols designed for a different era. It
isn't useful at this point to tag things as "bugs" or "features." What
we need to do is define what the correct behavior should be "in these
times" and then deal with all the issues related to bringing all the old
systems up to date.
	If Microsoft is to be faulted, it isn't for making the original
design decisions in Windows. They should be faulted for not having
addressed the issue of re-design more aggressively as the world changed
around them.

> I really believe we are nearing the actual=20
> heart of the spam problem.
	Yes, the "heart" of the problem is that the people who designed
the systems being exploited by spammers today had a very different
worldview than they would have if they were designing the same systems
today. The people who designed the systems in use today didn't
anticipate fully how those systems would be used. These systems were
designed during a "kinder and gentler" time. The world is a different
place today.

		bob wyman


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 13:47:52 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Dave Aronson <dja2003@hotpop.com>

> ...
> Does anybody have any actual numbers on how good a return spammers get on 
> their spam, in terms of, say, cents per thousand spams?  I suspect this 
> will be very hard to measure for spam that works indirectly (like 
> getting people to go to a URL that does not have an embedded tracking 
> number), and vastly different per category, but there may be SOME hard 
> data out there....

I suspect anyone who claims to be able to answer that question is
either a spammer and so a pathological, unbelievable lier, or a
poseur of a lier.  The amount of lawbreaking in spam ensures that
those who really and actually make a profit will keep quiet.

Occassionally there are hints of believable numbers, such as the recent
excitement about the money made by selling "Iraq playing cards."
See http://www.dailynews.com/Stories/0,1413,200~20954~1443978,00.html
and http://www.iht.com/articles/99019.htm
However, such notes are so rare that they only show how little is known.

It's worth distinguishing between the senders of bulk email who
charge for that service and those who hope to get rich selling whatever.


>  > Free providers often impose delays of more than 10 seconds for
>  > account creation.
>
> Heck, that much delay can be imposed by normal data processing, web 
> congestion, etc....

That's most of what I meant.

> ...
> for different providers, and configgable so you can keep up with changes 
> in their screens.  Of course I'll leave it as an exercise for the 
> lurking spammers and spam-symps, but I can easily imagine someone 
> writing this sucker and selling it to spammers.

Or again, selling it to "home workers" via spam.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: [Asrg] Bug, or Feature?
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> For example, is it a FEATURE of all mentioned windows OS's that any
non-privileged program can add new .EXE files to the system directory
and modify the registry such that those newly added programs autostart
on boot?

> Or is it a BUG which was exploited? And if it's a BUG is it odd that
the same bug exists across all those releases, has it been known
previously, why hasn't it been fixed in, apparently, over 7 years
(Windows95 ... XP.)

As much as you might not like to hear the answer... since this characteristic is 
found in all those releases, AND counted upon by large numbers of applications 
which would be broken if that characteristic were changed... clearly the item in 
question IS a "feature".

Not all "features" are particularly well-considered.  This is true for ALL 
software.  (Sometimes it's more important which easily implemented features you 
LEAVE OUT than which ones you PUT IN.)

The FACT remains, however, that restricting certain operations to "root-only" or 
"sysadmin-only" is really pretty meaningless on typical user-level Windows 
desktops, where (especially on home machines) there IS no root or sysadmin-level 
qualified/intelligent/wise authority which is more qualified to approve or deny 
such requests.

As for rapidly getting out patches for SENDMAIL, I'll point out that many of the 
security weaknesses in Outlook and Outlook Express have been closed by patches 
that have been out for more than a year, and maybe TWO... but where many users 
haven't bothered to (or don't realize that they should) install those patches.

Certificates attesting to the trustworthiness of incoming executable software 
are one approach, but typically not a good one especially given the large 
numbers of applications (freeware/shareware/etc) produced by 
trustworthy-but-small producers which cannot ante up the bucks for certificates.

I still believe that a good alternative that is effective in the great majority 
of typical cases is to simply by default block unexpected attachments that 
arrive from unfamiliar. untrusted senders (and most especially if those are of 
risky/executable types).

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jun 26 16:08:02 2003
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> I received a very strange spam message, quoted below. Does anyone know what 
these kind of messages accomplish?

> ----snip---
Greetings,

> We need a vendor who can offer immediate supply.
I'm offering $5,000 US dollars just for referring a vender which is
(Actually RELIABLE in providing the below equipment) Contact details
of vendor required, including name and phone #. If they turn out to be
reliable in supplying the below equipment I'll immediately pay you
$5,000. We prefer to work with vendor in the Boston/New York area.

[snip]

> Email his details to me at: info@federalfundingprogram.com

> Please do not reply directly back to this email as it will
only be bounced back to you.

Clearly, two things.

  1)  The message allows the spammer to test the validity of the E-mail address 
(if it bounces, the E-mail address isn't good).  What the message actually said 
matters little for that test.

  2)  Anyone actually responding to the solicitation will NO DOUBT be placed on 
a targeted mailing list for people who are at least slightly crazy, and perhaps 
with a gullibility/susceptibility to solicitations of that sort.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jun 26 16:08:59 2003
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Regardless of how desirable you think your offering is, the bottom line is that 
your "millions" of E-mails you plan to send ARE unsolicited E-mails, and thus 
ARE spam.

Accordingly they SHOULD be blocked by spam filters throughout the Net.  You do 
NOT have authority from those intended recipients to E-mail them, or to put your 
stuff in their E-mail inboxes.	

I suggest that a better solution is to publicize (through news media, etc) how 
to request being put on the list, and let Internet users contact YOU.

As a secondary question... do you intend to be cognizant of user sensitivity 
about such things and send them as plain ASCII text?  Or were you planning to 
send them as (less-compatible, 3.5x more bulky) HTML-burdened E-mail?

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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> I maintain that the primary problem with spam right now is caused by
the hijacking of systems (demonstrably) by the hundreds (probably much
more) to spew spam.

> I further maintain that without these hijacked systems spammers would
be ineffective, a relatively minor nuisance.

> There are good, structural reasons why this is the case:

> a) Spamming does not provide the sort of margin needed to purchase and
maintain the equipment they seem to rely on. Therefore, they must
steal it.

> b) Even if they could acquire such equipment, and concomitant
bandwidth, it would of necessity be located in a relatively static
location (e.g., ip addresses), and, so, relatively easy to just block.

Regardless, the point remains that a good, consent-based system in which the 
recipient can allow [only!] some trusted correspondents to send them attachments 
(and blocking unexpected/untrusted attachments that arrive from anywhere else) 
would appear to be a major step in the direction of blocking these kinds of 
programs that open backends on systems that can be subsequently exploited by 
spammers.

Happily, it also blocks the great majority of viruses, worms, and trojans too 
(especially if one makes for slightly finer degree of control such that one can 
make a distinction between "non-threatening" attachments like JPG/GIF/TXT/BMP 
files versus "risky" attachments such as .COM, .EXE, .PIF, .SCR and such 
filetypes.)  The great majority of senders would not need attachment permission 
at all, and even fewer (NONE for many recipients) would have EXECUTABLE 
attachment permission.  And those who were unknown would by default be simply 
blocked in sending anything containing attachments at all.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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From: Daniel Feenberg <feenberg@mail1.nber.org>
To: gep2@terabites.com
cc: rmcallahan@att.com, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Do-Not-Call list launch E-mails
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:03:07 -0400 (EDT)



On Thu, 26 Jun 2003 gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> Regardless of how desirable you think your offering is, the bottom line is that 
> your "millions" of E-mails you plan to send ARE unsolicited E-mails, and thus 
> ARE spam.
> 

I think the original message was fairly clear that the messages would only
be sent to people signing up on the web page for call blocking, so they
are solicited. If AT&T were to send messages to random people asking if
they wanted the service, that would be unsolicited.

The original posting mentioned "millions of messages" because they
assume that millions of people will visit the web page to request calls be 
blocked.





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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] RE: ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents:
  Partial list)
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:05:18 -0400

I added the policy to the IPR document at:

http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html

At 06:36 AM 6/13/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

>This is good. Are you going to post it somewhere permanent?
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Paul Judge [mailto:paul.judge@ciphertrust.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, June 12, 2003 5:46 PM
> > To: 'Yakov Shafranovich'; Peter Kay; 'Asrg@ietf.org'
> > Subject: ASRG IPR policy (was RE: US Spam patents: Partial list)
> >
> >
> >
> > We have decided to adopt the following IPR policy for the
> > ASRG. It is based on the IETF's IPR policy as outlined in RFC 2026.
> >
> >
> > "By submission of a contribution, each person actually submitting the
> >    contribution is deemed to agree to the following terms and
> > conditions
> >    on his own behalf, on behalf of the organization (if any) he
> >    represents and on behalf of the owners of any propriety
> > rights in the
> >    contribution..  Where a submission identifies contributors in
> >    addition to the contributor(s) who provide the actual
> > submission, the
> >    actual submitter(s) represent that each other named contributor was
> >    made aware of and agreed to accept the same terms and conditions on
> >    his own behalf, on behalf of any organization he may represent and
> >    any known owner of any proprietary rights in the contribution.
> >
> > The contributor represents that he has disclosed the existence of
> >       any proprietary or intellectual property rights in the
> >       contribution that are reasonably and personally known to the
> >       contributor.  The contributor does not represent that he
> >       personally knows of all potentially pertinent proprietary and
> >       intellectual property rights owned or claimed by the
> > organization
> >       he represents (if any) or third parties."
> >
> > This means that the person submitting a proposal is
> > responsible for stating any relevant IPR that he knows about
> > even if he is not the holder of the rights. This does allow
> > for other members to notify a contributor about relevant IPR
> > after the initial submission. The contributor should then
> > disclose this information in revisions of the contribution.
> >
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > > Sent: Thursday, June 12, 2003 2:42 PM
> > > To: Peter Kay; Asrg@ietf.org
> > > Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
> > >
> > >
> > > At 06:32 AM 6/12/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
> > >
> > > >IMHO: as an a holder of a anti-spam patent pending, I think
> > > its best to
> > > >let IPR holders approach us. Otherwise you put yourself in the
> > > >unenviable position of "authority" on patents. If you just
> > > say "these
> > > >are the IPR claims that have been submitted to us" that
> > > makes it clean
> > > >and simple, not to mention easy to maintain.
> > >
> > > In some cases this would not be true. Take MailBlocks, for
> > > example - they
> > > are claiming patents on all C/R systems. They have not
> > > approached, and
> > > since their IP is of very general nature, thus we must
> > > approach them to
> > > solicit a submission of IPR claims which is what I have done.
> > > Otherwise, we
> > > might be working on a standard only to find out that it is
> > > patented. As for
> > > the patents that are covering every nook and cranny of
> > > anti-spam, I am
> > > agreeing with you. It would be an impossible task to catalog
> > > all patents in
> > > the world.
> > >
> > > Therefore, I am suggesting that we should have the following
> > > policy: 1. Solicit input from IP holders on very broad
> > > business methods patents
> > > such as the MailBlocks patents.
> > > 2. Request that all members of the group that have IP, submit
> > > information
> > > about it.
> > > 3. Accept submissions from IPR claimants that are not part of
> > > the group as
> > > they send them.
> > >
> > > P.S. BTW, Peter, it would probably be prudent that you let us
> > > know some
> > > details on your IP. Feel free to use the template
> > > (http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html).
> > >
> > > Yakov
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > Asrg mailing list
> > > Asrg@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Asrg mailing list
>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 15:00:20 -0600 (MDT)

> From: gep2@terabites.com

> ...
> The FACT remains, however, that restricting certain operations to "root-only" or 
> "sysadmin-only" is really pretty meaningless on typical user-level Windows 
> desktops, where (especially on home machines) there IS no root or sysadmin-level 
> qualified/intelligent/wise authority which is more qualified to approve or deny 
> such requests.

If that made sense, then mail sent to "root" on UNIX boxes would
be a major hazard.  If it made sense, then XP would not be
Microsoft-standard vulnerable to viruses and worms.

The problem with Windows boxes is not they have a single user
account, but that the single user account (on those Microsoft boxes
were there there is any notion of "user account" and so not Windows-ME
and preceding) always has all privileges.

A good picture of the problem is in the difference between ActiveX
and Java.  Microsoft has asserted quite emphatically that the lack of
a "sandbox" in ActiveX is a feature instead of a bug.  That nonsense
cannot be excused as historical baggage, because ActiveX is a
post-Internet mistake.


> I still believe that a good alternative that is effective in the great majority 
> of typical cases is to simply by default block unexpected attachments that 
> arrive from unfamiliar. untrusted senders (and most especially if those are of 
> risky/executable types).

Let's see, what systems are built to to make it easy to execute
code that arrives by mail and even often without any let, leave,
or hindrance by the user?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:08:29 -0400

At 03:53 PM 6/21/2003 -0400, Bob Wyman wrote:

>Another patent should be added to the list of patents relevant to spam.
>This one may have implications for C/R related methods.
>
>US Patent: 6,246,996 "Computerized system for facilitating transactions
>between parties on the internet using e-mail" Granted: June 12, 2001
>Based on initial filing on Sep. 16, 1994.
>See:
>http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=6246996
>
>The inventors are: Lee Stein, Einar Stefferud, Nathaniel Borenstein, and
>Marshall Rose...

I added the patent to the IPR document. 


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Subject: [Asrg] IPR Disclosure from TitanKey
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:11:07 -0400

Peter Key of TitanKey has made an IPR disclosure regarding his IP, this 
information appears below and has been added to the IPR document:

---------snip-------
4.2. TitanKey.

1. IP Owner Information.

TitanKey Software, LLC. Honolulu, Hawaii.  Web site: www.titankey.com

2. Type of IP.

patent (pending)

3. IP Information.

1. From original disclosure by Peter Key:

Provisional application 60/152,025 filed 09/01/1999, Second provisional 
application 60/180,937 filed 02/02/2000.

US Patent application 09/648,894 filed 8/25/2000, International Patent 
PCT/US00/23561. Filed 8/25/2000.

CIP (improvement) 10/404,631, filed 3/31/2003

4. References.

1. From Original Disclosure by Peter Key:

International patent application  (identical to USPTO application)

How it works

How a VPM (Virtual Private Email) works

5. Licensing Declaration.

(X) Licensing Declaration to be Provided Later (implies a willingness to 
license in some form to all implementers; otherwise, "Unwilling to License 
to All Implementers" must be selected)

6. Possible Prior Art.

none

7. Notes.

1. From original disclosure by Peter Kay:

"This core of invention modifies the traditional SMTP transaction in that 
the MAIL FROM address is compared against a database of various rules 
including a whitelist. The rules analysis decides whether to continue the 
SMTP transaction, or if not, a 550 "no such user" response is given and the 
transaction stops before the DATA command, effectively stopping unwanted 
email before it is sent.

Depending on the rule conditions, an invitation email can be sent to the 
MAIL FROM address asking the sender to identify themselves. Proper response 
to the invitation email may allow the sender to be added to the whitelist 
and subsequent emails can be sent without being rejected.

A functional layer atop the core provides a "VPM" (Virtual Private Email): 
A user can create an email address and assign specific policies as to how 
that email address can be used. Senders that violate the policy bound to 
the email address are rejected with the 550 response before the DATA 
command.  This VPM invention addresses  drawbacks associated with 
Challenge/Response systems that make it difficult for users to subscribe to 
newsletters or critical notification emails like order confirmations."
---------snip-------

Yakov



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Fwd: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
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On June 25, 2003 at 21:20 brunner@nic-naa.net (Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine) wrote:
 > Folks,
 > 
 > This was sent to nanog earlier in the day. Asrg contributors would help
 > the (US jurisdiction) FTC's "Do Not Call" (phone spam) service roll-out
 > by letting Richard Callahan know how to keep the eventual AT&T GS mails
 > from being some systems' false-positive, and not delivered.
 > 

They're not paying me so why should I care?

Oh, don't tell me, he's decided he deserves a chunk of net subscriber
fees to subsidize the delivery. Get in line!

Or, it's a GOOD THING so therefore we are all OBLIGATED to provide
whatever resources he needs for free. Just like the post office
delivers his messages for free when they're for a worthy cause (yeah
right.)

Put another way, he'll get what he pays for. Which, in this case, is
about zero.

This is what I mean by billion-dollar corps weasling in on the free
mass-mailing biz.

Why is AT&T doing this? Charity? Goodness of their hearts?

Or are they compelled by regulations or some court decision or order?

Today it's the oh-so-reasonable-sounding Do Not Call list
notifications, tomorrow, their bills, next day, changes in service
etc, then 1-800-CALL-ATT ads, etc.

Tell him if he wants reliability to stick it in an envelope with a
stamp on it.

Otherwise he should be prepared to take what he gets.

And maybe even a bill. We reserve the right to charge for such mass
mailing, USE CONSITUTES ACCEPTANCE OF TERMS, or refuse it entirely.

Gak, he's even trying to get free advice on how to get millions of
dollars worth of free mailing reliably.



-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Spammers looking for sites that don't bounce?
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Kee Hinckley wrote:

> I think you misread what I said.  I said that they are specifically 
> looking for NON-rejected messages to fake addresses as a sign that mail 
> is being filtered out without being bounced.

You couldn't prove that by my spamtrap.

It accepts everything, but doesn't forward anything anywhere.

The daily volume is going up very quickly (it's > 2 million/day now).

There are some very stupid dictionary scanners (one day 7+ million 
probes by an IP in singapore.  Next day another few million from another 
IP  in singapore. Rinse, lather and repeat.)


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Do-Not-Call list launch E-mails
To: Daniel Feenberg <feenberg@mail1.nber.org>, gep2@terabites.com
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On Thu, 26 Jun 2003, Daniel Feenberg <feenberg@mail1.nber.org> wrote:
>
>
>On Thu, 26 Jun 2003 gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>
>> Regardless of how desirable you think your offering is, the bottom line is 
that 
>> your "millions" of E-mails you plan to send ARE unsolicited E-mails, and thus 
>> ARE spam.
>> 
>
>I think the original message was fairly clear that the messages would only
>be sent to people signing up on the web page for call blocking, so they
>are solicited. 

I did not see that message.  Sorry.

> If AT&T were to send messages to random people asking if
>they wanted the service, that would be unsolicited.

Absolutely.

>The original posting mentioned "millions of messages" because they
>assume that millions of people will visit the web page to request calls be 
>blocked.

In any case, just sending out a lot of E-mail messages on an individual basis 
shouldn't result in them being blocked.  

But clearly the more personalized information they contain regarding the person 
to which each is sent (name, e-mail address, IP address and maybe the time and 
date from which they signed up for the service, etc etc) the less likely the 
E-mails will look alike and trigger spam filters.

But I'd still recommend, too, that the E-mails be sent in compact, 
compatible-with-everyone plain ASCII text, too.  :-)

I know that some recipients DO systematically filter HTML-burdened E-mail, and 
sending in plain ASCII text increases the likelihood that the mail will be 
delivered.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:22:52 -0400
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> Well, this raises an interesting issue that I mentioned before - if a 
> virus takes over someone's email client, lets say Outlook, and starts 
> sending spam from that person's account which is legit, there isn't much 
> we can do. Someone else suggested that imposing a rate limit and 
> notifing the customer in case the limit is reached, would be a possible 
> solution.

Ah, but the email _isn't_ legit.  You're conflating "valid sender" with 
"non-spam".

See the C&W Rep on the FTC Spam Panel on "The future of spam" session, 
where he talks about these things.

Very chilling.

And also very entertaining.  He's a great speaker.


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Fwd: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:22:31 -0400

At 05:11 PM 6/26/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 25, 2003 at 21:20 brunner@nic-naa.net (Eric Brunner-Williams in 
>Portland Maine) wrote:
>  > Folks,
>  >
>  > This was sent to nanog earlier in the day. Asrg contributors would help
>  > the (US jurisdiction) FTC's "Do Not Call" (phone spam) service roll-out
>  > by letting Richard Callahan know how to keep the eventual AT&T GS mails
>  > from being some systems' false-positive, and not delivered.
>  >
>
>They're not paying me so why should I care?
>[..]

The no-call list specifically is used by consumers such as YOUR ISP 
subscribers who PAY you. They are soliciting this information by signing up 
on the FTC's website.

Yakov 


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jun 26 17:25:34 2003
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Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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I would like to provide a generic proposal for consent-based system as per 
charter:

1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to filter incoming email. 
Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs, and are not mandated. 
Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging from banning all email 
not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a whitelist of trusted 
senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of unknown senders. 
Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to the bulk folder, 
and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or erased.
3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses of trusted senders, 
but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features such as digital 
signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such email from 
trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the inbox unless 
blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon receiving a 
positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as email coming 
from known open relays is blocked.
6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or encrypted to 
protect privacy.

Any thoughts?

Yakov


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I suppose anything that can be programmed is possible.

But one also has to be careful of that effect whose name I forget
where people see patterns in random noise.

As I've reported here before spammers often use over a hundred
hijacked computers nearly simultaneously spewing the same basic spam
(including variations, but I mean for the same "client", the same
basic come-on.)

So for example if they were streaming by on your screen you might
notice that when you raise you right hand, they switch to IP addresses
with at least one prime number in the quad, but when you raise your
left hand, they switch back to non-primes, etc.

It's a common effect and at least one to watch out for.

Also, anthropomorphizing the data, a similar effect, assigning intent
to what might be random behavior in the data.

Or maybe they're doing all this.

Or maybe he's being slammed by what appears to be spam from a clever
and malicious script-kiddie just trying to drive him bonkers because
he closed an account for non-payment or something.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
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Dave Aronson wrote:
> Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com> wrote:
> 
>  > Let's do some arithmetic.  At $10/hour and 10 seconds per challenge
>  > answered or account created, the cost would be about $0.03 address.
>  > That sounds a little but not very high to send mail until the
>  > challenge whitelist entry is deleted by the spam target.  It sounds
>  > low for a valid sender account that can be used for millions of
>  > messages for days until the free provider notices enough bounces
>  > or receives a complaint and terminates it.
> 
> Does anybody have any actual numbers on how good a return spammers get on 
> their spam, in terms of, say, cents per thousand spams?

They vary all over the map.  Betterly talked about making 5 $300 sales 
from a million spams.  One of the reported "takes" from the IRAQ playing 
cards spammer was on the order of $18 for several million spams.

Note that MSN's DAV system has had a 100/day limit for a long while. 
They appeared to implement the human test a week or so ago. (volume 
dropped off from about 20,000 per day to a handful).

A little bird talked about DAV abusers registering thousands of accounts 
at a time.


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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:25:41 -0400

At 05:22 PM 6/26/2003 -0400, Chris Lewis wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>>Well, this raises an interesting issue that I mentioned before - if a 
>>virus takes over someone's email client, lets say Outlook, and starts 
>>sending spam from that person's account which is legit, there isn't much 
>>we can do. Someone else suggested that imposing a rate limit and notifing 
>>the customer in case the limit is reached, would be a possible solution.
>
>Ah, but the email _isn't_ legit.  You're conflating "valid sender" with 
>"non-spam".

Thanks for pointing this out - valid sender does not mean non-spam.

>See the C&W Rep on the FTC Spam Panel on "The future of spam" session, 
>where he talks about these things.
>
>Very chilling.
>
>And also very entertaining.  He's a great speaker.

I will take a look, would you have a link by any chance?

Yakov 


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Hallam-Baker, Phillip wrote:
> I think that we have to be realistic about the cost/benefit issue here.
> 
> Yes it is possible for a spammer to hire people to sign up for these
> schemes. However to do so requires capital which has an effect on the
> starting out spam senders.
> 
> A spam sender that tries to do this in  bulk is going to start to hit limits
> on the number of addresses a given IP address can sign up for at a time. 

Multiply that by the at least 200,000 unsecured proxies in the wild.

> It strikes me that it might be a good scheme to allow the spam senders to
> register large numbers of domains but mark them as being suspect spamhaus
> addresses. Then monitor the emails being sent out with spam filters and chop
> the account.

Gets back to the issue of how you detect spam...


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:44:59 -0400

At 3:33 PM -0500 6/26/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>Regardless of how desirable you think your offering is, the bottom 
>line is that
>your "millions" of E-mails you plan to send ARE unsolicited E-mails, and thus
>ARE spam.

Unless I misread.  Those messages are confirmation messages for 
people who asked to have their number blocked.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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On June 26, 2003 at 15:12 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > There was a news article a while back somewhere about the Iraq playing 
 > cards that were made by some company. It had some financial figures.

I'd like to see some harder data, like a signed tax form for a company
which made most of its income on spam, an SEC filing, etc.

I just have a little trouble believing what a marketeer tells a news
reporter about how great business is, particularly when they figure
they might have an interest.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:07:15 -0400

The IPR document has been updated, it can be found at:

http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html

The following items were updated:
June 14th, 2003 / Added ASRG Official IPR Policy
June 26th, 2003 / Added IPR disclosure for TitanKey; added a new patent for C/R

Yakov

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jun 26 18:02:36 2003
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These long-winded apologias for microsoft are touching (and I hope
paid for!)

HOWEVER, what would've been so hard about putting in a goddamn pop-up
confirm box triggered at the system level which said something like:

	THAT ACTION IS TRYING TO MODIFY YOUR SYSTEM
	SOFTWARE AND/OR THE REGISTRY etc etc.

		 Proceed? [YES] [NO] [HELP]

based on some reasonable rules so it's a reasonably meaningful
warning? Lord knows they ask confirmation for everything else you do
it seems.

Sure, some dummy might click yes to everything but at least when you
just opened an email and suddenly there are 110db sirens and blaring
red lights it just might occur to someone to click [NO] or [HELP]
particularly after being warned a 100,000 times in every other CNN HN
and USA Today issue that if you see that warning and you don't have
some vendor's disk in the drive doing an install then be VERY
SUSPICIOUS.

And don't tell me about why Windows '95 doesn't have anything like
this (wasn't obvious in 1995, actually, it was, maybe Windows 3.0 has
that as an excuse), only tell me why Windows XP doesn't.

Or whatever.

The point is FOR WHATEVER REASON this mass-distributed technology flaw
appears to be the base root of the spam problem.

And that's what we're here to discuss.

Even if Gates et al only put it in there because it would help a poor,
blind, cripple become more self-sufficient and regain their pride and
integrity in a cruel and cold world I DON'T CARE. I only care why the
net is being flooded with spam and trying to figure out what to do
about it.

What next? How spam may be the only way for poor, starving
third-worlders to feed their families?

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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Subject: RE: [Asrg] US Spam patents: Partial list
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Today, another patent application was filed for a system which uses
throw-away or "single-user" email addresses as part of a method for
protecting people from exposure to spam.

See:
http://appft1.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=3DPTO2&Sect2=3DHITOFF&p=3D=
1&u
=3D%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsearch-bool.html&r=3D1&f=3DG&l=3D50&co1=3DAND&d=3D=
PG01&s1=3D200
30120656.PGNR.&OS=3DDN/20030120656&RS=3DDN/20030120656

US Patent Application: 20030120656
System, apparatus, and computer program for protecting personal
attributes information=20

Abstract
Disclosed is a system for protecting personal attributes information
(PAI) to inhibit unauthorized use of personal information disclosed on
the network and protect the disclosed information. The system comprises:
a terminal apparatus including PAI managing means to generate and manage
customer's attributes information, and PAI protecting means to modify
changeable items of the customer's attributes information to be
transmitted to a destination across a network in such a manner as to
make different changes for different destinations; and a center
apparatus which offers services in a manner refined by using customer's
attributes information received from the terminal apparatus. Even if a
personal information leak occurred, defensive action can be taken
promptly by discarding the e-mail address disclosed to the information
leaker without changing the e-mail address in ordinary use. The
information leaker can be traced from the leaked e-mail address and
dealt with warningly afterward.=20

Inventors:Kageyama, Mitsuhiro; (Tokyo, JP) ; Tsurubayashi, Ken; (Tokyo,
JP) ; Sato, Mitsuhiro; (Atsugi-shi, JP) ; Suzuki, Hiroyuki;
(Kawasaki-shi, JP) ; Uranaka, Sachiko; (Tokyo, JP)=20


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 17:44:02 -0400

At 3:10 PM -0500 6/26/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
>The great majority of senders would not need attachment permission

6% of the email to wormalert contains attachments.

Virtually all of those messages were sent to everyone in the 
recipients address book.  (E.g. baby pictures, jokes...)

A number of email companies have based their entire business model on 
the fact that their user's email messages *always* include 
attachments.

Based on those, I would guess that no major software company will 
support a proposal which blocks attachments by default.  Furthermore, 
I would expect them to fight any such proposal quite vigorously.  And 
even if they fail, and such a system is put in place, people will 
very rapidly white list everyone of their close friends.  Thus 
negating any benefit in fighting viruses.  (The issue with executable 
attachments isn't so much that they are accepted, but that the email 
client is fooled into thinking that they aren't executable.  If that 
bug isn't fixed, then obviously the ability to do selective blocking 
won't be there either.  Blocking at the server sounds tempting, but 
unfortunately it means trying to guess what nutty attachment syntax 
Outlook might actually recognize, as opposed to what the standards 
said they should accept.)
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> ...
>  > This was sent to nanog earlier in the day. Asrg contributors would help
>  > the (US jurisdiction) FTC's "Do Not Call" (phone spam) service roll-out
>  > by letting Richard Callahan know how to keep the eventual AT&T GS mails
>  > from being some systems' false-positive, and not delivered.
>
> They're not paying me so why should I care?
>
> Oh, don't tell me, he's decided he deserves a chunk of net subscriber
> fees to subsidize the delivery. Get in line!
> ...

That's still nonsense.  Your customers are paying you, not AT&T or
other third parties (unless you are a "free" provider).  If your
customers don't want confirmation mail, whether from the FTC's DNC
machinery or some mailing list, then you should not accept it.  If
your customers don't pay you enough to deal with their email including
the FTC's DNC confirmations, then you should either raise your rates
or fire those customers that are too expensive to deal with.

> ..
> Gak, he's even trying to get free advice on how to get millions of
> dollars worth of free mailing reliably.

That is not at all what he asked.  He only asked how to avoid your
filters that you have installed at the behest of your customers so
that the mail that your customers are paying you to deliver is in
fact delivered to them.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

>> See the C&W Rep on the FTC Spam Panel on "The future of spam" session, 
>> where he talks about these things.
>>
>> Very chilling.
>>
>> And also very entertaining.  He's a great speaker.

> I will take a look, would you have a link by any chance?

Everything appears to be online at http://bruce.pennypacker.org/ftc/, 
transcripts, audios and full video.

Here we go, it's Dr. Bill Hancock, Day 1, fourth session.  Session title 
"Open Relays/Open Proxies/Formmail scripts".

That will be tape 4.

I'm on tape 5 & 6, with a cameo on 4 ;-)


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Kee Hinckley wrote:
> At 3:33 PM -0500 6/26/03, gep2@terabites.com wrote:
> 
>> Regardless of how desirable you think your offering is, the bottom 
>> line is that
>> your "millions" of E-mails you plan to send ARE unsolicited E-mails, 
>> and thus
>> ARE spam.

> Unless I misread.  Those messages are confirmation messages for people 
> who asked to have their number blocked.

That's _exactly_ what they are.  They're just concerned that the volumes 
may be so high, people's rate limiters may go off.



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On June 26, 2003 at 11:13 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > Well, this raises an interesting issue that I mentioned before - if a virus 
 > takes over someone's email client, lets say Outlook, and starts sending 
 > spam from that person's account which is legit, there isn't much we can do. 

Wait a minute, let's restate that a little more accurately:

If we can conclude that MILLIONS of PCs are PURPOSELY being infected
by viruses designed to turn them into spam delivery robots...then
there's nothing we can do?

Sure we can, for starters we can alert all interested parties that
this is underlying the spam problem and more importantly agree that
this is the real problem.

It's not the message, it's the amplification.

And the amplification is being obtained criminally and massively.

And it's only through this illegally obtained amplification is spam
the problem we see.

You've all got to stop thinking like end-users who can only see the
message on your screen and start thinking like network engineers and
ask questions like how the heck did some two-bit punk just send 100M
get rich quick spams from hundreds of different IP addresses?

And, further, would this really be much of a problem if they couldn't
do exactly that? Could Joe Chickenboner and his 386 on a 56k dialup
really send out 100M msgs from that one machine before being shut down
or at least blocked by 95% of the net? I don't think so.

If every phone in NYC suddenly rang at the same time (or as many as is
possible) and the voice on the line said "BUY BLAMMO COLA!" would you
say the problem was that you and 8 million others received an ad for
Blammo Cola you didn't want or that SOMEONE HAS MANAGED TO RING 8
MILLION PHONES SIMULTANEOUSLY and what sort of breach of the phone
system does that represent?

This is a RESEARCH group.

Let's start by trying to get to the truth of the matter, rather than
trying to define the underlying cause only in terms of the
implementation problem we find attractive or easy.



-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 00:43:40 +0100

> I would like to provide a generic proposal for consent-based system as
> per
> charter:
> 
> 


Point 1 is kindof axiomatic.
Point 6 is probably a "good thing".
2-5 are interesting if you believe that consent is limited to
cases where a receiver consents to any message from a listed (possibly
authenticated) sender. .

I don't believe that this adds up to what you claim.

There was some more fundamental (but probably premature)
discussion of "consent" early in the life this group.




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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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A. There's nothing new here.

B. It remains to be shown that the approach is useful.

C. Repeating once again how these "rules and filters" are somehow
going to magically appear won't make it happen.

D. "For each email user the MUA or the ISP maintains a whitelist..."

MUAs don't maintain whitelists, people do. And that's the crux of the
problem as has been shown repeatedly, people generally don't know the
exact details of where the confirmation of their FTC/AT&T no-call list
is going to come from to put them on their whitelist. Etc.

So when they don't get the email and realize it's because they can't
possibly maintain a whitelist correctly they give up on whitelists.

The ISPs maintaining the whitelist has privacy issues (and don't just
jump back to ok then keep it in the MUA, that's a shell game, if half
your proposal lacks merit that's a problem.)

Not too many senators want to tell AOL that they think the email they
get from hotties@big-butts.com is ok and should be allowed through.

E. What are these digital certificates etc? What scheme are you basing
all this on? Or are you proposing that a new state of the art be
generated on demand (of the proposal's requirements)?

Anyhow, it's the same old dead-end "let's hypothesize a magical
program which only lets through what we want to see", declare victory,
and go home.

Since no one has been able to write this program thus far, and many
years and many people have tried, and there appears to be millions of
dollars to be had for the first person to show up with this program,
why would you want to carve its existence in stone?

I don't see "research" as equivalent to "wishful thinking".


On June 26, 2003 at 17:23 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > I would like to provide a generic proposal for consent-based system as per 
 > charter:
 > 
 > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to filter incoming email. 
 > Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs, and are not mandated. 
 > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging from banning all email 
 > not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
 > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a whitelist of trusted 
 > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of unknown senders. 
 > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to the bulk folder, 
 > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or erased.
 > 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses of trusted senders, 
 > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features such as digital 
 > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
 > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such email from 
 > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the inbox unless 
 > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon receiving a 
 > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
 > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as email coming 
 > from known open relays is blocked.
 > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or encrypted to 
 > protect privacy.
 > 
 > Any thoughts?
 > 
 > Yakov
 > 
 > 
 > _______________________________________________
 > Asrg mailing list
 > Asrg@ietf.org
 > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

-- 
        -Barry Shein

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Fwd: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
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On June 26, 2003 at 17:22 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > >
 > >They're not paying me so why should I care?
 > >[..]
 > 
 > The no-call list specifically is used by consumers such as YOUR ISP 
 > subscribers who PAY you. They are soliciting this information by signing up 
 > on the FTC's website.

So by your reasoning because most people pay for their telephone
service then AT&T should allow the FTC to just make millions of free
phone calls to them all over the country (or world) to deliver these
confirmations.

Ok, I think we have a solution there.

Now you're going to faux lecture me on how things are again.

Yet, it occurs to me that we're all here because how things ARE isn't
WORKING.

I'm here to tell you things must change.

There's more to this spam problem than a little perl script is going
to solve

There's crime, and there's greed, in a nutshell.

How surprising in this otherwise perfect and altruistic world.


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 18:13:05 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> ...
>  > The no-call list specifically is used by consumers such as YOUR ISP 
> > subscribers who PAY you. They are soliciting this information by signing up 
>  > on the FTC's website.
>
> So by your reasoning because most people pay for their telephone
> service then AT&T should allow the FTC to just make millions of free
> phone calls to them all over the country (or world) to deliver these
> confirmations.
> ...

That's a nonsense analogy.  You're like a cell phone carrier instead
of a long distance carrier.  Like a U.S. cell phone carrier, your
paying customer is the recipient of the message.  Cell phone carriers
don't whine when their customers burn all of their minutes on phone-sex
or even on frauds routed to island nations.  Instead they raise rates
or cancel customer accounts.  If your customers are receiving too much
mail of any sort including spam for what they pay you, then you should
either raise your rates or terminate their accounts.

No matter how much you'd like a piece of AT&T's pie or a cut of the
action of any third party that sends content to your customers by
SMTP, HTTP, or any other IP protocol, you have no reasonable claim,
at least not unless you make a private deal AOL and others.  If you
don't have AOL's clout to get other big outfits to pay for your
customer's "eyes," then you have my sympathy, but only a little.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Fwd: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
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On June 26, 2003 at 16:47 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > > From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
 > 
 > > ...
 > >  > This was sent to nanog earlier in the day. Asrg contributors would help
 > >  > the (US jurisdiction) FTC's "Do Not Call" (phone spam) service roll-out
 > >  > by letting Richard Callahan know how to keep the eventual AT&T GS mails
 > >  > from being some systems' false-positive, and not delivered.
 > >
 > > They're not paying me so why should I care?
 > >
 > > Oh, don't tell me, he's decided he deserves a chunk of net subscriber
 > > fees to subsidize the delivery. Get in line!
 > > ...
 > 
 > That's still nonsense.

Why thank you for the collegial consideration!

  Your customers are paying you, not AT&T or
 > other third parties (unless you are a "free" provider).

Kind of like how I pay for my telephone service? So you ought to be
able to call me for free so long as I want your call? Does AT&T know
about this?

  If your
 > customers don't want confirmation mail, whether from the FTC's DNC
 > machinery or some mailing list, then you should not accept it.

Well, that's how it's worked.

But then again without change that's also the system that let all this
massive spam breed.

Foolish me I thought we were here to propose CHANGES which might
ameliorate the spam problem.

  If
 > your customers don't pay you enough to deal with their email including
 > the FTC's DNC confirmations, then you should either raise your rates
 > or fire those customers that are too expensive to deal with.

And if you don't have time or inclination to deal with all the spam
then you should hire a full-time secretary to pre-screen your email so
you only see what you want and otherwise just be quiet about it. It's
not a problem, you're just too poor.

Ah, so easy to throw the other guy's money around!

What if such an account as you describe, honestly, would cost $100/mo
or more, w/o connectivity fees?

When is spam a problem? When you have to pay someone full-time to sort
through your email or when I'm forced to raise prices to a level which
kills the technology just so AT&T can deliver all the mail they want
for free?

I think a major point of why we are all here is because, in various
ways, massive spamming is making e-mail as a technology untenable as
conceived. That would include its presumed or at least desireable
economics.

And who are you to say I should charge my customers more to cover the
costs of bulk-mailers? Why not charge THE BULK MAILERS. Doh!

You're just advocating for receiver pays.

Which is your right.

But just so we're all clear.

 > > ..
 > > Gak, he's even trying to get free advice on how to get millions of
 > > dollars worth of free mailing reliably.
 > 
 > That is not at all what he asked.  He only asked how to avoid your
 > filters that you have installed at the behest of your customers so
 > that the mail that your customers are paying you to deliver is in
 > fact delivered to them.

Well, not really, he was trying to put as many network operators on
notice to try to let his stuff through.

But if you want to fly into wherever his office is and have a sit down
with him explaining what he needs to do, research potential problems,
and write it all up in a nice report for them to use as a set of
guidelines and even take responsibility for your recommendations all
at your own expense why Vernon by all means go for it!

The point is: Stop being willfully ignorant.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> ...
>  > That's still nonsense.
>
> Why thank you for the collegial consideration!

You're welcome.  I really think that on alternate Thursdays you
try to solve spam from the perspective of an AOL with 80,000,000
eyeballs to rent to the highest bidder.  That's a fine model from
some perspectives, but not mine.


> ...
> Well, that's how it's worked.
>
> But then again without change that's also the system that let all this
> massive spam breed.
>
> Foolish me I thought we were here to propose CHANGES which might
> ameliorate the spam problem.

I think switching to sender pays is impossible, even if it were
desirable or practical with some other history.  Except in the
perverted cases where big advertisers pay big sellers of "eyes,"
there are insurmountable practical problems in authorization,
authentication, and general accounting.  Sender pays for email
makes just as much sense as sender-pays-per-IP-packet, which about
15 years after it was first pushed, makes even less sense. 
(Yes, I've heard of peering fees and approximations to "settlements".)


>   If
>  > your customers don't pay you enough to deal with their email including
>  > the FTC's DNC confirmations, then you should either raise your rates
>  > or fire those customers that are too expensive to deal with.
>
> And if you don't have time or inclination to deal with all the spam
> then you should hire a full-time secretary to pre-screen your email so
> you only see what you want and otherwise just be quiet about it. It's
> not a problem, you're just too poor.

Plenty of spam is sent in my direction, thank you very much.  Like
everyone else, I deal with it.

> Ah, so easy to throw the other guy's money around!

Yes, but what you're doing is something else and worse.  You're
demanding a cut of other people's action because you're apparently
unwilling or unable to charge your customers whatever your serivces
cost.


> What if such an account as you describe, honestly, would cost $100/mo
> or more, w/o connectivity fees?

The email will end.  Fortunately, we both know that such a number is
silly nonsense.

> When is spam a problem? When you have to pay someone full-time to sort
> through your email or when I'm forced to raise prices to a level which
> kills the technology just so AT&T can deliver all the mail they want
> for free?

Those would be bad events.  It would also be bad if a large astroid
landed in the Atlantic.  Fortunately, both are very unlikely events.


> I think a major point of why we are all here is because, in various
> ways, massive spamming is making e-mail as a technology untenable as
> conceived. That would include its presumed or at least desireable
> economics.
>
> And who are you to say I should charge my customers more to cover the
> costs of bulk-mailers? Why not charge THE BULK MAILERS. Doh!

Because it is impractical to charge the mailers that cause problems.


> You're just advocating for receiver pays.
> Which is your right.
> But just so we're all clear.

Receiver pays is what we have.  It's not perfect, but until you raise
the cost of email to at least the cost of U.S.P.S. junk mail, it's
the only possible system.


> ...
> The point is: Stop being willfully ignorant.

That's good advice.  Concerning sender-pays:
  - who runs the machinery to collect the fees and how much does that
     entity charge? 
  - who gets how much of the fees? 
  - how do you prevent abuses such as signing up for the FTC's DNC
      1000 times only to collect the fee?
  - how do you keep the fee low enough to not kill the utility of
      email that you are trying to preseve against the ravages of spam?
  - how do you get people to give up the original point-to-point
      data protocol?  The RIAA hasn't had a lot of success against "file
      sharing."

There are facile answers for all of those issues.  I think any real
answer to all of them simultaneously is indistinguishable from extending
the U.S. Postal Service's monopoly on paper mail to email, complete
with $0.50/message "e-postage."


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Ok Vernon, you've made your point.

You are in favor of the current "recipient pays" model for bulk email
etc.

We disagree. I think bulk mailers should pay their freight.

I just would like to point out that not going along with your
"recipient-pays" scheme is hardly nonsense, as you assert.

Next time try to use facts and reasoning to back up your point of view
rather than insults. I realize sometimes it's satisfying to convince
oneself that not only do they disagree, but the other person is a fool
for not seeing it your way. Well, whatever floats your self-esteem.

To be honest, I find your point of view, that the consumer will pay
whatever it takes to receive all the bulk mail anyone can justify
sending him or her, to be in a word: Nonsense.

But we're both free to have our differing opinions nonetheless.


        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*



On June 26, 2003 at 18:13 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > > From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
 > 
 > > ...
 > >  > The no-call list specifically is used by consumers such as YOUR ISP 
 > > > subscribers who PAY you. They are soliciting this information by signing up 
 > >  > on the FTC's website.
 > >
 > > So by your reasoning because most people pay for their telephone
 > > service then AT&T should allow the FTC to just make millions of free
 > > phone calls to them all over the country (or world) to deliver these
 > > confirmations.
 > > ...
 > 
 > That's a nonsense analogy.  You're like a cell phone carrier instead
 > of a long distance carrier.  Like a U.S. cell phone carrier, your
 > paying customer is the recipient of the message.  Cell phone carriers
 > don't whine when their customers burn all of their minutes on phone-sex
 > or even on frauds routed to island nations.  Instead they raise rates
 > or cancel customer accounts.  If your customers are receiving too much
 > mail of any sort including spam for what they pay you, then you should
 > either raise your rates or terminate their accounts.
 > 
 > No matter how much you'd like a piece of AT&T's pie or a cut of the
 > action of any third party that sends content to your customers by
 > SMTP, HTTP, or any other IP protocol, you have no reasonable claim,
 > at least not unless you make a private deal AOL and others.  If you
 > don't have AOL's clout to get other big outfits to pay for your
 > customer's "eyes," then you have my sympathy, but only a little.
 > 
 > 
 > Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
 > 
 > _______________________________________________
 > Asrg mailing list
 > Asrg@ietf.org
 > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> ...
> If we can conclude that MILLIONS of PCs are PURPOSELY being infected
> by viruses designed to turn them into spam delivery robots...then
> there's nothing we can do?
>
> Sure we can, for starters we can alert all interested parties that
> this is underlying the spam problem and more importantly agree that
> this is the real problem.

That's reasonable, but I doubt it will have much effect.  Those
who would have to change their behavior would have to do the same
things that they need to do fix far more serious effects of viruses
than spam.  The use of Microsoft software is not a technical problem.


> ...
> You've all got to stop thinking like end-users who can only see the

> ...
> If every phone in NYC suddenly rang at the same time (or as many as is
> possible) and the voice on the line said "BUY BLAMMO COLA!" would you
> say the problem was that you and 8 million others received an ad for
> Blammo Cola you didn't want or that SOMEONE HAS MANAGED TO RING 8
> MILLION PHONES SIMULTANEOUSLY and what sort of breach of the phone
> system does that represent?

I like that way of stating the issue.


> Let's start by trying to get to the truth of the matter, rather than
> trying to define the underlying cause only in terms of the
> implementation problem we find attractive or easy.

That's also very good advice.

Let's start by admitting that the outcome of research is often not
pleasing.  That we want a (probably technical, given the context) spam
solution does not imply that one exists.

Then let's admit the problems in all proposed technical solutions:
  - challenge/response: 
     many people refuse to respond.  Spammers can hire cheap labor
     to answer challenges to innocuous messages like "Are you my long
     lost friend?" and then use the challenged sender address to spew
     50 valuable messages before the whitelist entry is removed.

  - whitelisting:
      as you said, user's are lazy and stupid.

  - sender-pays:
      who collects the money?  Who gets it?  How do you keep it all honest
      and cheap enough without destroying the village (email) to save it?

  - authentication:
      knowing that Verisign has sold a mail sender a $10 certificate 
      cannot tell you whether copies of an incoming mail message are
      being sent to 30,000,000 of your intimate friends.

  - etc.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 19:06:21 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> You are in favor of the current "recipient pays" model for bulk email
> etc.
>
> We disagree. I think bulk mailers should pay their freight.
>
> I just would like to point out that not going along with your
> "recipient-pays" scheme is hardly nonsense, as you assert.
>
> Next time try to use facts and reasoning to back up your point of view
> rather than insults. I realize sometimes it's satisfying to convince
> oneself that not only do they disagree, but the other person is a fool
> for not seeing it your way. Well, whatever floats your self-esteem.
>
> To be honest, I find your point of view, that the consumer will pay
> whatever it takes to receive all the bulk mail anyone can justify
> sending him or her, to be in a word: Nonsense.

It's a good thing that's not my point of view, although my view
may still be nonsense.

I think consumers will and must pay whatever it takes to receive the
mail they want (bulk or not) and not receive the rest.  That means
that customers will variously choose to pay to
  - have filters run on their behalf, 
  - buy software that implements challenge-response mechanisms,
  - use whitelists that make their mailboxes private and unreachable
     even to real long lost friends,
  - have their congresscritters write laws that reduce spam somewhat.

Some consumers will even pay their "eyeballs" to free and almost free
providers.  That's the only possible real world implementation of
sender-pays.  From outside, Hotmail is already in the business of
filtering unwanted junk advertising except that which Hotmail has been
paid to deliver.
Perhaps I'm being silly, but I doubt you'd take world.std.com in
that direction.  If I'm wrong, I think there will always be ISPs that
don't go that way.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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On Monday, June 23, 2003, at 12:16 PM, David Jameson wrote:
> Dead right - we have been saying this for a long time - if you don't 
> want to bother registering ONCE to get your message through, you have 
> decided that your message is just not that important.

Either that, or I've decided that *you* just aren't that important. 
That is, not important enough to risk getting added to more spam 
mailing lists.


mathew


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 21:04:58 -0400

At 07:27 PM 6/26/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 26, 2003 at 11:13 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
>  > Well, this raises an interesting issue that I mentioned before - if a 
> virus
>  > takes over someone's email client, lets say Outlook, and starts sending
>  > spam from that person's account which is legit, there isn't much we 
> can do.
>
>Wait a minute, let's restate that a little more accurately:
>
>If we can conclude that MILLIONS of PCs are PURPOSELY being infected
>by viruses designed to turn them into spam delivery robots...then
>there's nothing we can do?
>
>Sure we can, for starters we can alert all interested parties that
>this is underlying the spam problem and more importantly agree that
>this is the real problem.
>
>It's not the message, it's the amplification.
>
>And the amplification is being obtained criminally and massively.
>
>And it's only through this illegally obtained amplification is spam
>the problem we see.
>
>You've all got to stop thinking like end-users who can only see the
>message on your screen and start thinking like network engineers and
>ask questions like how the heck did some two-bit punk just send 100M
>get rich quick spams from hundreds of different IP addresses?
>
>And, further, would this really be much of a problem if they couldn't
>do exactly that? Could Joe Chickenboner and his 386 on a 56k dialup
>really send out 100M msgs from that one machine before being shut down
>or at least blocked by 95% of the net? I don't think so.
>[..]

In your opinion, isn't spam considering a specific case of a network abuse 
problem? Why is the spam problem any different from lets say a BBS user 
dialing in every moment and giving all other BBS users a busy signal. OR 
lets say in a shared-Unix system, a user grabbing too much disk space 
leaving not much for anyone else.

In both cases,  there were mechanisms in place to catch the wrongdoers and 
enforce the rules. The problem with the Internet is as many people have 
mentioned, is that it is an open system, written by people no expecting 
abuse - by people who trusted each user on the network to do the right 
thing. As far as I understand you, what you and Eric Brunner are trying to 
bring to everyone's attention, is the need for similar controls on the 
Internet so massive network abuse can be detected early and stopped.

Yakov






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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 20:58:24 -0400

At 12:43 AM 6/27/2003 +0100, Jon Kyme wrote:

> > I would like to provide a generic proposal for consent-based system as
> > per
> > charter:
> >
> >
>
>
>Point 1 is kindof axiomatic.
>Point 6 is probably a "good thing".
>2-5 are interesting if you believe that consent is limited to
>cases where a receiver consents to any message from a listed (possibly
>authenticated) sender. .
>
>I don't believe that this adds up to what you claim.
>
>There was some more fundamental (but probably premature)
>discussion of "consent" early in the life this group.

The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from Gordon's HTML 
blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that. If discussion of 
consent is premature at the moment, what should we be looking at right now? 
In general, what directions should the group be pursuing at the moment? As 
it appears rights now, there are mainly various discussions about 
everything under the sun, but no concrete sense of direction at all.

Yakov 


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On Monday, June 23, 2003, at 11:04 PM, Barry Shein wrote:
> So why does Microsoft continue to provide opportunity for spammers
> unnecessarily?

Maybe there's a clue in recent news headlines...


Microsoft aims to offer anti-virus products, services
BY REUTERS

[Seattle | Reuters News Service, 11 June 2003] -                     
Microsoft will acquire anti-virus technology from GeCAD Software, a 
Romanian software company, to develop its own software to protect users 
against malicious software programs, the world's largest software-maker 
said yesterday

[...]


mathew


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Jun 26 21:25:37 2003
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 21:23:28 -0400

Just ran across a SlashDot story 
(http://slashdot.org/articles/03/06/24/2148248.shtml) announcing a website 
(http://www.the-carrot-and-the-stick.com/) which acts as a whitelist of IPs 
of businesses that promise not to send spam.

 From the front page:

"We offer an alternative to simply watching and waiting for the eventual 
extinction of the Internet. We offer a list of IP Addresses for businesses 
that abide by Accepted Standards of Conduct for the Online Business and 
Accepted Best Practices Online Email Marketing. "

 From their charter (http://www.the-carrot-and-the-stick.com/charter/):

--snip--
Our mission is, simply put. To keep email a viable tool for one to one 
communication between individuals and businesses, individuals and 
individuals and finally between businesses to businesses.

We will accomplish this daunting task by understanding just how important 
email is to the World Wide Web.

Electronic Mail is the lifeblood of the World Wide Web. Currently this 
lifeblood is plagued by the disease of spam almost to where we can see the 
point of extinction of the Internet as we now know it in the not to distant 
future.

The Carrot and the Stick Inc., brings together a variety of talented 
individuals to keep Electronic Mail a usable method of communication for 
both the Business Community and the Home User.

The Carrot and the Stick Inc., will provide the needed parameters for the 
Bulk Mail Industry to follow by defining what spam is and what is more 
important. What is not spam by outlining Best Practices for the bulk mail 
industry. By doing this we will help the Bulk Mail Industry to be more 
profitable while making the overall online experience for the end user more 
enjoyable.

The Carrot, if you will is a list of Internet Protocol Addresses assigned 
to Bulk Mail Operators, Internet Service Providers and the General Business 
Community that adhere to the accepted Internet Standards for mailing list 
management. These standards have been the accepted Best Practices for list 
management for the last six or seven years.

Further, these members will follow our standards for online business 
conduct. These standards have been a part of the RFC standards for a very 
long time.

Their inclusion into the white list will allow legitimate Bulk Mail 
Operators to send their communications unimpeded to their list of 
subscribers. If for some reason their communications are refused The Carrot 
and the Stick Inc., will mediate between the sender and the recipient's 
provider to find out what the problem is. This will provide a venue for the 
sender and the Service Provider to facilitate a remedy for this situation. 
This is something that is not currently available on any sort of large scale.

The obvious direct affect of a Provider using this white list will be their 
ability to be more aggressive in their filtering with far fewer false 
positives. While this will not directly affect the volume of spam being 
sent this will directly affect the volume of spam being received by the end 
user. This will be a very important selling point to any Internet Service 
Provider.

In using, the same technique used to create and distribute a Black List you 
ensure the technology is already in place. The Internet Protocol Address of 
a Bulk Mail Operator can not be forged or otherwise altered to benefit 
unscrupulous individuals or to implicate the Bulk Mail Operator. These are 
usually static and there fore a very good way to ensure delivery of 
Electronic Mail.

The use of a White listing of Internet Protocol Addresses will preclude the 
possibility of fraud and/or forgery. This type of white listing is 
preferable to the of adding to the X-headers some riddle or sending mail 
through our servers instead of their own server. This would also mean the 
Bulk Mailer would not be limited to just the one mailing. Instead, because 
all their Internet Protocol Addresses are white listed means they can 
contact their list at any given time.

The Stick, if you will be a Black Listing of their Internet Protocol 
Addresses and legal action for damage to reputation for only those that 
abuse the White List by using it to spam. This should discourage abuse by 
any intelligent individuals.
---snip---


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On June 26, 2003 at 18:40 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > > From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
 > > What if such an account as you describe, honestly, would cost $100/mo
 > > or more, w/o connectivity fees?
 > 
 > The email will end.  Fortunately, we both know that such a number is
 > silly nonsense.

Let's see. I've been president & CEO of an ISP since 1989.

Are you sure you want to dismiss my comments about the costs of the
email business as nonsense off-hand?

Maybe you don't understand to what exent email is being subsidized by
other revenue streams and how that subsidy is becoming unbearable
mostly due to the personnel strain being created by spam.

Email is and has been the killer app of the net (in more ways than
one.) Now what happens when something gets people through the door? It
becomes a loss leader, you charge as little as possible in the hope
that once inside they may buy more profitable goods and services.

Well, it's a little more complicated than that but you'd have to pay
me the big bucks to explain it fully.

But unless you work the spreadsheets for a living don't be too sure
that you can extrapolate from what it takes to set-up sendmail and pop
on a linux pc for a few people to what it takes to run a professional
organization with service and customer support staff etc for many
thousands of people. Remember Brooks' constant carping about the N!
nature of organizational endeavors.

 > Because it is impractical to charge the mailers that cause problems.

Why? Because you can't think of a way to do it off the top of your
head?

But you can't think of a way to stop spam by any other means off the
top of your head either. Neither can anyone else, apparently.

Which is the justification for a research group. To try to tackle
problems which don't have obvious answers.

I wouldn't necessarily start with a sender-pays business plan as a
problem to solve here, maybe later, but I've seen some which are quite
plausible and nothing like what usually gets suggested by people who
aren't in the business of creating new business models.

But I bring it up because I think it's a reality we're going to have
to face, like it or not.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Message-Id: <200306270154.h5R1stw9025556@calcite.rhyolite.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: [Asrg] Why sender-pays is nonsense except in the Hotmail model
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This FTC business is an excellent case study of why sender-pays
makes sense only in the restricted sense of Hotmail's model (if there).

Imagine that there were a bulk-sender-pays system in place.  Assume
that all of what I claim are insurmountable problems are somehow
resolved.

    Now comes the FTC commission with an anticipated mailing of
    250,000,000 mesages.

    Barry says "None of my users will receive those confirmation
    messages unless you pay me to deliver them."

    The FTC says, "Ok, none of your users will receive their confirmation
    messages.  You might want to let them know that as a consequence
    their world.std.com addresses will not be entered on the FTC's do
    not spam list, but if not, that's ok too."

    I don't know how Barry might respond, but I suspect that many of
    his customers would not be pleased and will switch to an ISP that
    does not participate in the bulk-mail-sender-settlements system.

Variations of that story fit every other case where the bulk mail is
wanted, whether FTC DNS confirmations, CNN "news alerts," or dirty
pictures.  The only cases where Barry can get his own customers to go
along with a bland refusal of bulk senders to pay is when the mail is
unwanted by his customers.  Thus, all providers of solicited or non-spam
bulk mail will blandly refuse to join the sender-pays party.  Sender-pays
devolves into senders paying to have unwanted mail delivered.  On the
plausible side of the spectrum, we have advertising pushed on AOL and
Hotmail users.  At the other end, we have the silly notion of spammers
being voluntarily paying.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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On June 26, 2003 at 18:53 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > > From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
 > 
 > > ...
 > > If we can conclude that MILLIONS of PCs are PURPOSELY being infected
 > > by viruses designed to turn them into spam delivery robots...then
 > > there's nothing we can do?
 > >
 > > Sure we can, for starters we can alert all interested parties that
 > > this is underlying the spam problem and more importantly agree that
 > > this is the real problem.
 > 
 > That's reasonable, but I doubt it will have much effect.

Look, it's taken weeks of my harping on the point to even begin to get
it taken seriously in this group of people who claim some expertise in
network engineering and related and spend time thinking about the
problem.

Not surprisingly (to me), there's this kind of denial and insistance
on thinking about spam only in terms of the spam on one's screen
rather than as a network wide security phenomena.

How far along that path do you think legislators who are architecting
anti-spam bills or various regulatory and enforcement agency managers
trying to decide how best to allocate some budget to spam-fighting
(e.g., FTC, FCC, etc) are on this?

What if, as I mostly claim, they all have it wrong from the get-go and
the nut of the problem really is the amplification and how it's
acheived and not the rather limited event of seeing a spam message in
your mailbox?

Legislators, from what I've seen, are treating this problem mostly as
if Kellog's or Publisher's Clearing House are getting a little frisky
with the send button and need to be reeled in a little with some rules
on fair play like opt-in and clearly identifying a msg.

But what might be closer to the truth is we have rather organized,
hardened, and cynical criminals causing the spam plague, many of whom
have already proven themselves beyond the reach of civil law and
probably any regulatory law that doesn't involve coming to them and
putting them in irons and locking them away for a long time.

So why bother with all this "put [ADV] in the Subject" and "you should
include a removal address which actually works" when what we're
dealing with here is something closer in nature to a blossoming
Medellin drug cartel?

And who might change this?

Someone screaming from the roof of the building?

Not likely.

Or a group such as this issuing a statement (whatever form it should
take) that we've looked into this as a group of network engineers and
have concluded the real problem is not what's been popularized up
until now but, rather, should be viewed as this: (It's the
Amplification, Stupid, in more words)?

That's why I think it's important that we try to look at the problem
with an eye towards really characterizing what the problem is rather
than just accepting blindly that the problem is that little billy or
sue just got a pornographic message how do we block that from
happening again?

 > > If every phone in NYC suddenly rang at the same time (or as many as is
 > > possible) and the voice on the line said "BUY BLAMMO COLA!" would you
 > > say the problem was that you and 8 million others received an ad for
 > > Blammo Cola you didn't want or that SOMEONE HAS MANAGED TO RING 8
 > > MILLION PHONES SIMULTANEOUSLY and what sort of breach of the phone
 > > system does that represent?
 > 
 > I like that way of stating the issue.

Ok, then I'll repeat it and leave it there for now.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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On June 26, 2003 at 21:04 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > In your opinion, isn't spam considering a specific case of a network abuse 
 > problem? Why is the spam problem any different from lets say a BBS user 
 > dialing in every moment and giving all other BBS users a busy signal. OR 
 > lets say in a shared-Unix system, a user grabbing too much disk space 
 > leaving not much for anyone else.

Scope.

Ringing your phone over and over is annoying as hell.

Ringing every phone in the city over and over is evidence of a massive
security breach.

Any idiot can ring one (or a few) phones over and over.

But once someone has acquired the technological savvy to ring millions
of phones and no one can stop them we're in a whole different ball
park.

Telling people to unhook the bell on their phone (boy I must be old to
even think of that) doesn't quite address the latter issue.

 > In both cases,  there were mechanisms in place to catch the wrongdoers and 
 > enforce the rules. The problem with the Internet is as many people have 
 > mentioned, is that it is an open system, written by people no expecting 
 > abuse - by people who trusted each user on the network to do the right 
 > thing. As far as I understand you, what you and Eric Brunner are trying to 
 > bring to everyone's attention, is the need for similar controls on the 
 > Internet so massive network abuse can be detected early and stopped.

I think we need to begin to recognize the problem for what it actually
is. A massive security breach which no doubt violates many extent laws
and not just some obnoxious behavior which needs to be curbed by
smartening things up a little.



-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 22:16:05 -0400

At 10:08 PM 6/26/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>On June 26, 2003 at 18:53 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
>  > > From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
>  >
>  > > ...
>  > > If we can conclude that MILLIONS of PCs are PURPOSELY being infected
>  > > by viruses designed to turn them into spam delivery robots...then
>  > > there's nothing we can do?
>  > >
>  > > Sure we can, for starters we can alert all interested parties that
>  > > this is underlying the spam problem and more importantly agree that
>  > > this is the real problem.
>  >
>  > That's reasonable, but I doubt it will have much effect.
>
>Look, it's taken weeks of my harping on the point to even begin to get
>it taken seriously in this group of people who claim some expertise in
>network engineering and related and spend time thinking about the
>problem.
>
>Not surprisingly (to me), there's this kind of denial and insistance
>on thinking about spam only in terms of the spam on one's screen
>rather than as a network wide security phenomena.
>[..]

It is a problem of network abuse - trusted users abusing the system. The 
problem is that on the Internet every host is trusted. Are you suggesting 
that we should be looking at ways to make sure that the underlying network 
would capable to detecting such abuse and stopping it?

Yakov



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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 20:27:57 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> ...
>  > > What if such an account as you describe, honestly, would cost $100/mo
>  > > or more, w/o connectivity fees?
>  > 
>  > The email will end.  Fortunately, we both know that such a number is
>  > silly nonsense.
>
> Let's see. I've been president & CEO of an ISP since 1989.
>
> Are you sure you want to dismiss my comments about the costs of the
> email business as nonsense off-hand?

Yes, because I've been using email for 35 years since 1968.  I've
been continuously running sendmail servers that deal with my own
mail since 1986, and have run SMTP servers for years that handled
200K msgs/day for 10K users.  I know that it does not take
$100/user/month to provide email with or without spam filtering.
I suspect others know as much.

> ...
> Maybe you don't understand to what exent email is being subsidized by
> other revenue streams and how that subsidy is becoming unbearable
> mostly due to the personnel strain being created by spam.

I'd be very happy to hear an accounting of those costs, but not
insulting hyperbole of $100/month/user.


> ...
> Well, it's a little more complicated than that but you'd have to pay
> me the big bucks to explain it fully.
>
> But unless you work the spreadsheets for a living don't be too sure
> that you can extrapolate from what it takes to set-up sendmail and pop
> on a linux pc for a few people to what it takes to run a professional
> organization with service and customer support staff etc for many
> thousands of people. Remember Brooks' constant carping about the N!
> nature of organizational endeavors.

So you're saying that ISP services costs AOL and Earthlink
$100/month/user for SMTP plus whatever petty change is needed for
HTTP and they're making up the difference between $100/month and
$10-30/month in volume?  .

You're also saying that providing mail for the current ~500,000,000
users is costing the world economy $600B/year?

sheesh...No one disputes that spam is expsensive, but statements like
$100/month/user are noise that hides your message.


>  > Because it is impractical to charge the mailers that cause problems.
>
> Why? Because you can't think of a way to do it off the top of your
> head?

Because it has insurmountable transition and operational problems.


> But you can't think of a way to stop spam by any other means off the
> top of your head either. Neither can anyone else, apparently.
>
> Which is the justification for a research group. To try to tackle
> problems which don't have obvious answers.

Research includes being open to not finding a nice answer.

> I wouldn't necessarily start with a sender-pays business plan as a
> problem to solve here, maybe later, but I've seen some which are quite
> plausible and nothing like what usually gets suggested by people who
> aren't in the business of creating new business models.
>
> But I bring it up because I think it's a reality we're going to have
> to face, like it or not.

If you'd stop the hyperbole, you might find that I agree a version of
sender pays will occur.  I predict (not because I like the idea) that
governments will impose a $0.001 to $0.10/target tax or fee on commercial
bulk email.  They'll make the failure to pay that fee a major criminal
offense like failing to pay other taxes.  They'll follow the money and
jail both the spam service bureaus and their customers, but mostly the
customers because they're easier to find.  Much of the proceeds will go
where government fees always go, but some will to ISPs in the name of
closing the digital divide, providing universal service, improving
education, and stopping child pornography, terrorism, and drugs.  Non-bulk
mail and non-commercial bulk mail, including stuff such as the FTC mailings
and messages from politicians will not be taxed.

The Direct Marketing Association will be pleased because the cost of
spam will high enough that reasonable percentage margins will let
Topica, Roving Software, et al survive, and because the viagra work
at home dirty picture spammers will be out of business.  ISPs will be
glad to get a cut of the fees.  Bill Gates will be especially pleased.

Users will not be pleased because they'll still be getting 10-20
spam/day, albeit of higher quality.

There will be endless court cases over whether particular spews are
commercial.  Many completely legitimate bulk mail senders will shut
down rather than risk running afoul of the tax man.  Some will switch
to NNTP or HTTP to deliver their current content.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 20:44:05 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>

> ...
>  > > If we can conclude that MILLIONS of PCs are PURPOSELY being infected
>  > > by viruses designed to turn them into spam delivery robots...then
>  > > there's nothing we can do?
>  > >
>  > > Sure we can, for starters we can alert all interested parties that
>  > > this is underlying the spam problem and more importantly agree that
>  > > this is the real problem.

> Look, it's taken weeks of my harping on the point to even begin to get
> it taken seriously in this group of people who claim some expertise in
> network engineering and related and spend time thinking about the
> problem.

No, those who agreed with you before you said it still agree while
the others have been beaten into silence but not agreement.  Those
who perceive no alternative to using insecure-by-design systems will
never be convinced until you provide the applications they want on
some other platform.  There are 10's of 1000's of people working hard
in courts and in coding sweat shops to stop you or at least keep ahead
the alternatives.  The bit about the Romanian virus filter vendor is
part of that.


> ...
> What if, as I mostly claim, they all have it wrong from the get-go and
> the nut of the problem really is the amplification and how it's
> acheived and not the rather limited event of seeing a spam message in
> your mailbox?

You'll not get much argument about that from anyone who might ever
agree with it.


> ...
> But what might be closer to the truth is we have rather organized,
> hardened, and cynical criminals causing the spam plague, many of whom
> have already proven themselves beyond the reach of civil law and
> probably any regulatory law that doesn't involve coming to them and
> putting them in irons and locking them away for a long time.

Again, you're preaching to the choir.

However, I predict there will be laws that will put enough of the
current spammers in irons to make SMTP push advertising safe for the
Fortune 500,000.  The recent Congressional talk of criminal penalties
is the start of that.


> ...
> Or a group such as this issuing a statement ...

Which would have even less effect than pointing out the evils of
HTML-by-default.  Most people wouldn't mind losing HTML mail except
in special circumstances but they'll all scream about switching to
safer systems...or at least lobbiests will make it seem as if they're
all screaming.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Thread-Topic: Update of IPR document
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Yakov, you and others on this group that are cranking out documents for
us to review deserve our deep appreciation.=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]=20
> Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:05 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org; bob@wyman.us; Peter Kay
> Subject: Update of IPR document
>=20
>=20
> The IPR document has been updated, it can be found at:
>=20
> http://www.solidmatrix.com/research/asrg/asrg-ipr.html
>=20
> The following items were updated:
> June 14th, 2003 / Added ASRG Official IPR Policy
> June 26th, 2003 / Added IPR disclosure for TitanKey; added a=20
> new patent for C/R
>=20
> Yakov
>=20
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> -------------------------------------
> Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
> SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> -------------------------------------
> "One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps=20
> his eyes on the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> ------------------------------------- =20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20



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ASRG Group,

I've been working on smtp server software and have
noticed something very strange.  We seem to have many
connections made, mostly at night, who connect to
port 25 and then disconnect right after the
220 Server Ready message.   I was believing that I
had a bug in my software but now I am wondering if
this is a bot of some type.   Do spammers run bots
to search for and create lists of mail servers to
attack?  Is this what I'm seeing?

Bill


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 23:46:32 -0400

At 09:03 PM 6/26/2003 -0600, Bill Thorson wrote:


>ASRG Group,
>
>I've been working on smtp server software and have
>noticed something very strange.  We seem to have many
>connections made, mostly at night, who connect to
>port 25 and then disconnect right after the
>220 Server Ready message.   I was believing that I
>had a bug in my software but now I am wondering if
>this is a bot of some type.   Do spammers run bots
>to search for and create lists of mail servers to
>attack?  Is this what I'm seeing?
>
>Bill

It also could be a survey like the one DJ Berstein runs 
(http://cr.yp.to/surveys.html). Can you provide some more information, like 
source IPs, etc.

Yakov  


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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
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I think you've got the beginning of a consent-based framework. I like
it. What I'm getting out of this is:

A. there exists a plug-in infrastructure that can run on MUA or MTA
(ISP).
B. each plug-in provides for some type of policy definition, related to
the plugins purpose. This can range from filtering to CR to all the
other methods mentioned below.
C. each plug-in can be configured by a hierarchy. Starting w/ the ISP
(for instance), then perhaps a domain-level admin (for corporate
applications0 and then the end-user.  We can decide on varying levels of
defaults or override capability so that for example if an ISP whitelists
a source, the end-user may have the option to blacklist it.=20


To me, this reinforces what I've seen over the past few months on this
group:

1. no one can agree what spam is. So at the end of the day, the user has
to have the power to decide. This is in line w/ the charter.

2. no one technological approach "religion" (i.e. filtering, C/R, etc)
is adequate to deal with the general problem of "unwanted email".

3. spammers will change their methods as time goes on, so the
architecture must allow for that.


In addition, a consent-based framework allows for multiple vendors to
participate. If we can create some sort of "email bus" I think it has a
lot of potential.

Peter Kay
President
TitanKey Software Web: www.titankey.com
The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]=20
> Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>=20
>=20
> I would like to provide a generic proposal for consent-based=20
> system as per=20
> charter:
>=20
> 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to filter=20
> incoming email.=20
> Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs, and are not=20
> mandated.=20
> Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging from=20
> banning all email=20
> not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
> 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a=20
> whitelist of trusted=20
> senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of=20
> unknown senders.=20
> Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to=20
> the bulk folder,=20
> and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or=20
> erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses=20
> of trusted senders,=20
> but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features=20
> such as digital=20
> signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
> 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such=20
> email from=20
> trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the=20
> inbox unless=20
> blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon=20
> receiving a=20
> positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
> 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as=20
> email coming=20
> from known open relays is blocked.
> 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or=20
> encrypted to=20
> protect privacy.
>=20
> Any thoughts?
>=20
> Yakov
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>=20
>=20
>=20



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 21:53:19 -0600
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
> The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from Gordon's 
> HTML blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that. If 
> discussion of consent is premature at the moment, what should we be 
> looking at right now? In general, what directions should the group be 
> pursuing at the moment? As it appears rights now, there are mainly 
> various discussions about everything under the sun, but no concrete 
> sense of direction at all.
> 
> Yakov
> 

How can you say that? The entire proposal that I submitted
was completely and totally about consent and authentication.
I understand that it may not be painless to implement, but I
have read no proposal here that would be both effective and
painless.

I don't like whitelists, blacklists or greylists. They must
be constantly maintained by someone.

I very much like the idea of a keylist or token list being
resident on the incoming mail transfer agent. I like the idea
that the key list is maintained by the user with the help
of the user agent. I like the idea that the key list or
token list represents senders that are allowed to send
email, but they don't identify them. There is no privacy
issue. I like the idea that there is not a one to one
relationship between keys and senders. I like the idea that
the exchange of keys between receipients and senders can be
somewhat automated by the user agent.

I'm posting this again for any who may have missed it.

Yes, it's long, but that's because there is a lot of information.




Spam elimination by mailbox lock and key (or token) and by
sender authentication


Contents:
I.   Introduction
II.  General Description:
III. Detailed information:
IV.  Technical Description
      A.   Email Extensions for client and servers (user
           agents and mail transfer agents)
      B.   Sender Authentication
V.   Questions and Answers


I.   Introduction

This is a proposal to enhance email with the objective of
eliminating spam. I am fed up with spam and I spent some
time thinking of a solution. I have organized these ideas
and written them up. I know there are others also trying to
solve this wretched issue and I am not so presumptuous as to
assume that this is the only solution or the best solution,
just a solution. If there are any good ideas contained
herein, please make use of them.

This is a general description of how the email extensions
would be used from a users perspective. These extensions
would be relatively straight forward to implement and could
be used across all platforms and by all ISPs. A
non-proprietary solution is important for competition.

This solution requires no legislation or government
intervention. Existing anti-spam legislation could become
irrelevant except where it deals with fraud.

This solution does not address or care what spam is. It is
up to the individual email recipient to decide what is and
isn't spam. One man's drug is another man's poison. The
incoming email server is only an agent of the recipient. No
group or individual is censoring or filtering spam for
another.

These email extensions create an email system that is
totally opt-in. When this solution is implemented, people
can close and lock their mailboxes to email from everyone
except those from whom they want to receive email. It will
be like the lock on your front door. It will be like call
blocking on your telephone. No more solicitors. Email can
continue to be sent and received without using the proposed
email extensions. If one wishes, they may continue to use
email as they do now. But if they do so, they will not
eliminate spam. It is my belief that people want spam free
mailboxes and that they will use the extensions.

Throughout this discussion, I use the word client for user
agent and server for mail transfer agent.

The word key is used to describe a set of characters to
identify a sender. The words token and password are close
synonyms in this context.

II.  CHANGES   General Description:

The email client extensions will work like this:

1. You can lock your mailbox with your email client.

2. Only senders that have a key to your mailbox can send an
email into your mailbox.

3. You will create one or more keys for your mailbox and
enter them into the email address book entries for the
persons you are giving the keys to. A key can be any word,
phrase or set of characters that you choose. You only have
to create keys one time. You can change them any time you
like.

4. You will give (send) the keys to those people, who you
want to send email to you. You may give some people the same
key and give others different keys. Senders are not only
people, but lists and other entities.

5. You will be given (receive) keys from those people, who
want to receive email from you. When you receive these keys,
you will enter them into the email address book entries for
the persons who are giving you the keys.

6. To send email to someone who has given (sent) you a key
to their mailbox, you will include that key along with their
email address in the composition dialog when you send the
email. This key should be in your address book so that it
can automatically be supplied by the email client when you
enter the email address of the recipient either by typing it
or by retrieving it from your address book.

7. When an email addressed to you is received by your email
server, the server will compare the key that was sent in the
message, with the key(s) for your mailbox. If there is a
match, the email is placed into your mailbox. If not, the
email will be bounced back to the sender.

8. If a key becomes exposed and compromised, you can change
the key. The email client will send the new key to everyone
who you specify or who was using the compromised key. If
someone is giving out your key, you can find out who that is
by giving everyone a different key.

9. If you don't want to receive any more email from a
sender, delete the key that they are using. If it is shared
by other senders, give them a new key.

10. If you want to send email to someone and you don't have
a key for their mailbox, you can request a key.


III. Detailed information:

The following describes what is required to extend the email
system and what is required to send and receive email with
the proposed changes.

1. The IETF will create a standard that everyone can, and
must adhere to so that all email servers and clients can
communicate with each other regardless of who the supplier
is.

2. Suppliers of email clients will have to extend their
email clients.

3. Suppliers of email servers will have to extend their
email servers as well as list servers. Server changes can
coincide with client changes.

4. When the new extended email client is made available, you
will download it and install it on your PC.

5. You will create 1 or more keys to your mail box. They can
be a word or a phrase such as "sunset", "Wall Street",
"pickles and quilts forever", "03/15/-0044", "Zzyzx", or "I
love you". The keys don't have to be particularly secret,
only secure enough to make it difficult for spammers to
guess or get them. There will be no defaults supplied by the
email client. These keys will be entered into the address
book of your email client for the persons you have given
them to. This is so that the email client can send the keys
to your email server and so that you will know who has which
keys in case you need to replace a key. Every address book
entry can have two keys: (1) the key to your mailbox that
you have sent to the addressee, and (2) the key to the
mailbox of the addressee that they have sent to you.

6. Send a key to someone you want to receive email from.
When you send a key, enter it into your email address book
for the person you are sending it to. You will receive keys
from those who want to receive email from you. When you
receive a key, enter it into your email address book for the
person who sent it to you. If your email client is user
friendly, it will enter the key into your address book for
you after asking for and receiving your permission. The
email client may do this without permission if you have set
that option. Each key is associated with an address book
entry so that if you decide to change a key for that sender,
your email client can send the new key to that person.

7. When your keys have been sent and your ISP notifies you
that they have implemented the server changes that support
locking your mailbox, you can have your email client lock
your mailbox . . . . Your email client will be able to query
the server for a list of current keys. Your email client
will be able to instruct the server to re-synchronize it's
key list with the key list in your email client.

8. To send an email, you will do as you do now. If you have
the recipient's mailbox key entered into your address book,
your email client will supply the key when you enter the
address. Your email client will embed the key in a message
header when the message is sent. If not, you will enter the
key into a field following the email address when you
compose a message.

9. To receive email, you will make sure that those who send
you email have a key to your mailbox. This includes bulk
emailers like eBay, Yahoo, or Fox News as well as list
servers, discussion groups, news groups, and message boards.
You may want to use different keys for these types of
senders. Keys to mailboxes are only one way. Senders who
have a key can put mail in, but only you can read it or take
it out.

10. If you want to send an email to someone for whose mail
box you don't have a key, you will request a key by clicking
on the "request key" entry on a drop down list in your email
client. You will enter the email address and your email
client will send a key request type of email to the email
address you provided. You will also send a key to your
mailbox. If one wants someone else's key, they must be
willing to give one of their own keys. When the request is
received, the recipient may send you a key. They may also
reject your request or ignore it. If they do send a key,
they can enter your email address and key into their address
book, so that a new key can automatically be sent to you if
they ever change the key. Any request for a key that has a
subject, a message body, or other unnecessary header that
could contain a solicitation, will be bounced by the
receiving email server and will not placed into the mailbox.

11. It would be nice to allow the subject header in a
request key email to be used for identification. But if this
is allowed, it will be abused by spammers. It could contain
a solicitation message or a web address, a phone number or
some other such lure. The only information that will be
available in a request key email is the requestor's email
address and mailbox key. The recipient's mailbox key will
only be sent to the requestor's email address. The only way
to receive a mailbox key is for the requestor to provide a
valid email address and mailbox key. Even the name portion
of the sender's email address could prove to be a problem.
It doesn't have to be a valid name and it could contain a
lure or a solicitation message. Since it is not necessary
for message transmission, perhaps it should be stripped off
in the request for key process. The complete email address
including the name could be obtained after the initial
negotiation.

12. If you send an email to someone and you want a reply,
you can include a key to your mailbox. When the recipient
replies to your email, their email client will use the key
that you sent, to reply to your message.

13. If a sender includes a key to their mailbox, your email
client will insert the key into an address book entry if you
direct it to.

14. Some sites require you to provide an email address if
you register. If you do not want further correspondence
beyond 1 day or 1 week, you can create a unique short lived
key just for this purpose and use it in the registration.
When you no longer wish any correspondence from this site,
delete this mailbox key. The email client can make this easy
to do. You may create an expiring key and specify how long
to keep the key. When the expiration interval or expiration
date is reached, the email client and the incoming email
server will delete the key at the server.

15. If a sender requests a key to your mailbox and you can't
identify the sender, you may want to create a short lived or
expiring key. You can then send the key to the requestor and
open a dialog. If you want to continue correspondence after
the initial negotiation, then retain the key. Otherwise,
delete it or let it expire.

16. In the final analysis, if a sender has a key to your
mailbox, they can send you an email. If they don't, the most
they can do is request a key. You choose whether or not to
give them a key and you choose to delete it if, and when,
you want to end a correspondence.


IV.  Technical Description

A.   Email Extensions for client and servers (user agents
and mail transfer agents)

The email extensions for "received message control" are
implemented using 4 new headers. The new headers are only
effective if the email server supports the extension and the
mailbox is user-locked. Non-extended email servers will
ignore them. This provides backward compatibility.
Encryption should not be employed in any extension. It will
not be effective as a security measure and it will only
create a false sense of security. The headers are described
as follows:

The To-Mailbox-Key header contains the key to the
recipient's mailbox. When the message arrives, the
To-Mailbox-key is compared to the list of keys kept by the
incoming server for the addressed mailbox. The result of the
comparison determines whether the message is stored into the
mailbox or whether it is bounced.

The From-Mailbox-Key header contains a current key to the
sender's mailbox. It would be sent in response to a key
request or if the sender wanted to include it for a reply.

The New-Mailbox-Key header contains a new key to the
sender's mailbox. It would be sent when the sender wants to
give someone a new key to their mailbox. The
From-Mailbox-Key could be used for verification by having
the recipient email client match it to the sender's current
key in the address book. An exception could be accepted or
overridden by the user.

The Request-Mailbox-Key header requests a key to the
recipients mailbox. It would be accompanied by a
From-Mailbox-Key header that provides the recipient with the
requestor's key. Then when the New-Mailbox-Key header is
returned, it will be accepted by the requestor's mail
server. All messages with a Request-Mailbox-Key are stored
into the recipient's mailbox. It is the only type that does
not require a To-Mailbox-Key header. No message body may be
present; the subject header must not be present or must be
blank; the name portion of the to and from email addresses
must not be present; no other headers that may contain
embedded messages may be present. If so, the request is
bounced.

The email client and sending server need to take the case of
multiple recipients into consideration. The email client
will send email address/mailbox key pairs for each
recipient. The outgoing email server must ensure that all
To-Mailbox- Key headers, except the one for the current
outgoing email, are stripped from the message and that only
one To-Mailbox-Key header exists in the outgoing message.
Forwarded messages should also be stripped of all mailbox
keys by the email client, except for the mailbox key of the
recipient.

The headers must be handled by the email client and the
incoming server in such a way that the use of keys is easy
for the user. No header should be removed from an email, by
an incoming email server, before the recipient receives it.

The keys in the headers should be enclosed within a
delimiter that is not part of the key so that spaces or
other special characters are allowed within a key. The email
client would edit keys for validity when they were created.
The key length should be limited to some useable length.
Perhaps 32, 50, 64 or 120 characters.

The key list on the server for a particular mailbox should
be a variable length list or file. It should be ordered such
that a quick search could be applied to the key list during
the comparison process. If the keys are stored as ordered
fixed length records, a binary search could be applied. One
may want to implement the list as a tree. The implementation
is up the server supplier. The number of entries in the list
should not be limited from a functional standpoint. From a
service standpoint, an ISP may want to allow for a specified
number of free keys at no charge and then charge for keys
above that number. But with spam gone and no more filtering,
they should be able to afford the extra space for key
storage.

A protocol needs to be defined so that an email client and
the incoming email server, where the inbox resides, can
communicate the mailbox state and the mailbox key list.


B.   Sender Authentication

Sender authentication should be applied. A header called
Sender-Auth or Sender-Verification will be inserted into the
message by the sending server. It would consist of a
delimited string containing the IP address, server
identification, and a timestamp. The string would be
preceded by the result of a function that was applied to
that string as it was sent by the originating server. A
delimiter would separate the function result from the
string. The function would be implemented by the server
administrator and would be unique for that server or set of
servers.

A protocol would be employed such that a receiving server
could request that the originating server verify that the
Sender-Auth header is consistent. The originating server
would be required to apply it's function to the string as
sent by the requesting server and then return the result.
The receiving server would compare the returned function
result with the result in the Sender-Auth header and if they
match, the sending server is authentic.

Another authentication method would be for the originating
server to send a short public encryption key in the result
field. When the receiving server received the message, it
would encrypt a short message and request the sending server
to authenticate by decrypting the message with it's private
key and sending the message back. If the returned message
matched the encrypted message, the sending server is
authentic.

An example of a function would be an 8 digit check sum of
the string that is then exclusive ored with an 8 digit
number that is unique at that time, for that server or set
of servers. This would generate an 8 digit result. Part of
the function should be time based such that the function
would actually change in some externally unpredictable
manner over a determined interval of an day, hour or minute.
The 8 digit number that is the target of the exclusive or,
could be the changing value. It could be retrieved from a
list of numbers in a file or it could be generated based on
a timestamp. The string contains the timestamp of when the
function was originally applied to the string. This is an
example of one type of function. The actual set of usable
functions is extremely large. The 8 digit result length is
only an example. Result lengths would be determined by the
sending server and could be from 1 to some arbitrary length,
perhaps 20, 25, 32 or some other common standard currently
in use.

The user should be able to turn this authentication on or
off for their mailbox. If authentication-required is set by
the user, and the authentication process fails, the message
would be bounced. An ISP may elect to turn this on for all
emails.

One may argue that this would add to internet traffic.
Perhaps a little, but the messages would be quite short and
the fact that they were present and in use would in the long
run cut down on internet traffic that is illegitimate.
Illegitimate internet traffic is traffic that is meant to
deceive a recipient. It would certainly reduce illegitimate
internet traffic at a server that had
authentication-required set for incoming messages. The
message could be bounced at any time after a Sender-Auth
header was determined not to be authentic. Another
consideration is that many incoming email servers are
currently querying other servers on the internet for each
email to determine if it is spam. This traffic would no
longer be necessary since filters would no longer be
required.


V.   Questions and Answers

Will spammers continue to use invalid server and email addresses?

No. Noone can send a message to another email address and
expect it be received into the mailbox without including
a valid mailbox key. No one can request a valid key
without sending a valid email address and a key to their
mailbox. No messages will be accepted by a receiving
email server unless the originating server can be
authenticated.


How does this differ from white lists?

White lists are an attempt by an email client or receiving
server to match incoming email to a list of acceptable
senders through the use of a filter. This allows forged
headers to make the message look like an acceptable email on
a white list. Mailbox keys put the burden of being an
accepted email on the sender. From the recipients point of
view, it is passive in the same sense as an email address.

Since everyone gets email from different sources, white
lists are maintained in the email client as filters. Most
users don't know how to use filters in their email clients,
so white lists are used by very few people.

With mailbox keys, the headers for the keys could still be
"forged", but the chances of generating a correct key are
very, very small. If this happens, the user can simply
change the key.

Mailbox keys move the process of validating an email from
the email client out to the incoming server where the
message is received. Unacceptable messages are immediately
bounced.


Will filtering still be necessary?

No filtering will not be necessary because a message from a
sender is only accepted if it matches a recipient's mailbox
key. Filtering creates some false positives email that is
not spam, but that the filter detects as spam. Filtering
also allows some spam through because spam can be made to
look to a filter, like it is not spam.


How easy will it be to use?

As easy or as hard as the email client supplier makes it.
Most processes should be automated, but a user should be
able to alter the behavior of the client to some extent, to
suit his needs. Examples are: (1) Manually or automatically
creating address book entries for incoming email and storing
the senders key. (2) User selectable detection of new email
senders and the creation of new entries for them in the
address book. (5) Provide assistance in responding to a
request key email. (4) Manually or automatically sending an
email to everyone in the address book for whom the user
wants to give a new key to the mailbox.


Comments and Questions from: - - - - -
The forum charged with discussing spam in the vicinity of
the IETF is the Antispam Research Group - asrg@ietf.org -
it's an open mailing list.

Query:
Since your proposal requires changing all email clients in
the world and managing a key ring for all your friends, how
is it easier to implement than globally starting to use PGP?

I suppose that it is somewhat of a key ring, but there is no
encryption taking place. The key is only verified by the
incoming mail server. The key is really analogous to a key
to a lock rather than a key to a cipher.


How do you handle mailing lists?

Mailing lists are handled the same as any outbound email.
The key to the recipient's mailbox must be sent with the
message in a header. When one signs up for a list, he would
supply a key or he would send an email to the list server to
update the key to his mailbox. The list server has to be
able to automatically update keys for an email address when
the list member wants to send a new key. How the keys are
sent back and forth to be updated is in the technical
information.


Does the sender have to have the key for the list, and the
list the keys for all the recipients? That means that all
the list management software in the world is also on the
critical update path.

I understand the issue. Yes, if the incoming mailbox for the
list is locked, the sender has to have a key to the list.
Only the list server has the keys of all of the members.
When it receives a message, it will have to insert the key
for each member as it sends the message to each individual
member. Yes, unfortunately, list servers are on the critical
update path.




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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 23:56:29 -0400

At 06:58 PM 6/26/2003 -0400, Chris Lewis wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
>>>See the C&W Rep on the FTC Spam Panel on "The future of spam" session, 
>>>where he talks about these things.
>>>
>>>Very chilling.
>>>
>>>And also very entertaining.  He's a great speaker.
>
>>I will take a look, would you have a link by any chance?
>
>Everything appears to be online at http://bruce.pennypacker.org/ftc/, 
>transcripts, audios and full video.
>
>Here we go, it's Dr. Bill Hancock, Day 1, fourth session.  Session title 
>"Open Relays/Open Proxies/Formmail scripts".
>
>That will be tape 4.
>
>I'm on tape 5 & 6, with a cameo on 4 ;-)

I read over the transcripts, unfortunately my current bandwidth is way too 
small for the videos. Well, Dr. Hancock's stuff is definatly chilling, 
especially the parts about the new 802.16 wireless standard with over 30 
mbps going in the radius of 30 miles. Just think of all zombies and open 
relays possible to be setup. A lot of the stuff he said seems to support 
Barry's arguments that viruses, zombies and infected computers are a major 
source of spam.

Yakov 


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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 23:57:24 -0400

At 09:53 PM 6/26/2003 -0600, Selby Hatch wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>>The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from Gordon's 
>>HTML blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that. If discussion 
>>of consent is premature at the moment, what should we be looking at right 
>>now? In general, what directions should the group be pursuing at the 
>>moment? As it appears rights now, there are mainly various discussions 
>>about everything under the sun, but no concrete sense of direction at all.
>>Yakov
>
>How can you say that? The entire proposal that I submitted
>was completely and totally about consent and authentication.
>I understand that it may not be painless to implement, but I
>have read no proposal here that would be both effective and
>painless.
>[..]

Sorry Selby, I definatly must have missed it before. I will look it over 
carefully. Sorry :(

Yakov 


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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2003 22:03:25 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>

>...
> A. there exists a plug-in infrastructure that can run on MUA or MTA
> (ISP).

Things that MTAs and MUAs can do differ radically.

> B. each plug-in provides for some type of policy definition, related to
> the plugins purpose. This can range from filtering to CR to all the
> other methods mentioned below.

"Plug-in" worries me.  At best it suggests an implementation mechanism
instead of a protocol notion.  At worst it suggests an intolerable
security nightmare as is standard in commodity desktop software.


> C. each plug-in can be configured by a hierarchy. Starting w/ the ISP
> (for instance), then perhaps a domain-level admin (for corporate
> applications0 and then the end-user.  We can decide on varying levels of
> defaults or override capability so that for example if an ISP whitelists
> a source, the end-user may have the option to blacklist it. 
> ...

That needs to be made concrete in terms of protocols and mechanisms
so that it can be discussed by a technical group.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Everyone,

>=20
> The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from=20
> Gordon's HTML=20
> blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that. If=20
> discussion of=20
> consent is premature at the moment, what should we be looking=20
> at right now?=20
> In general, what directions should the group be pursuing at=20
> the moment? As=20
> it appears rights now, there are mainly various discussions about=20
> everything under the sun, but no concrete sense of direction at all.
>=20

Yakov said the above better and faster than I ever could.  Everyone
should maybe re-read the charter and reconsider posts carefully to make
sure they are in-scope.  Too much of the posts that occur on this group
are rants that have little to do with research. If you look at the
charter carefully you'll see we've got a lot to get accomplished and
some very specific topics to discuss. Very little of that has happened
so far.=20

Charter is at:=20
http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html

ASRG page,  INCLUDING POSTING GUIDELINES:

http://www.irtf.org/asrg/


Posting guidelines: (everyone, please pay some special attention to the
last few sentances)

All conversation on this mailing list must be regarding one of the work
items outlined in the ASRG Work Items document below. The subject of
each email should begin with the number of the appropriate work item.
For example, "2.a - Spam Measurement Survey Requirements" or "6 -
Proposal for hash-based traceback system". The list volume makes it
difficult to follow individual conversations and to filter the noise.
This will help eliminate both problems. This is a research group. If you
have constructive feedback, please share it in an appropriate manner. If
you just feel like saying that "spam can not be stopped" or "this group
will fail because I said so", then you should state those things
elsewhere. This mailing list is for discussion towards the goals of the
group as stated in the charter.


Peter Kay
President
TitanKey Software www.titankey.com
The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent



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>=20
> Things that MTAs and MUAs can do differ radically.
>=20

Yes, that's true and you need both to deal with a wide variety of
consent-related policies.

> > B. each plug-in provides for some type of policy=20
> definition, related=20
> > to the plugins purpose. This can range from filtering to CR=20
> to all the=20
> > other methods mentioned below.
>=20
> "Plug-in" worries me.  At best it suggests an implementation=20
> mechanism instead of a protocol notion.  At worst it suggests=20
> an intolerable security nightmare as is standard in commodity=20
> desktop software.
>=20

You can call it something else if you want. But its pretty obvious to me
that a single-vendor, single-architecture solution will not solve the
entire "unwanted email" problem.

>=20
> > C. each plug-in can be configured by a hierarchy. Starting=20
> w/ the ISP=20
> > (for instance), then perhaps a domain-level admin (for corporate=20
> > applications0 and then the end-user.  We can decide on=20
> varying levels=20
> > of defaults or override capability so that for example if an ISP=20
> > whitelists a source, the end-user may have the option to=20
> blacklist it.=20
> > ...
>=20
> That needs to be made concrete in terms of protocols and=20
> mechanisms so that it can be discussed by a technical group.
>=20
>=20

Agreed. Perhaps this group can start getting more specific on the
protocols and mechanisms.=20



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To: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>, "ASRG" <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 00:11:43 -0400

We haven't seen much direction from the chair and the issue has been 
brought up in the IAB meeting last month.

At 06:06 PM 6/26/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

>Everyone,
>
> >
> > The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from
> > Gordon's HTML
> > blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that. If
> > discussion of
> > consent is premature at the moment, what should we be looking
> > at right now?
> > In general, what directions should the group be pursuing at
> > the moment? As
> > it appears rights now, there are mainly various discussions about
> > everything under the sun, but no concrete sense of direction at all.
> >
>
>Yakov said the above better and faster than I ever could.  Everyone
>should maybe re-read the charter and reconsider posts carefully to make
>sure they are in-scope.  Too much of the posts that occur on this group
>are rants that have little to do with research. If you look at the
>charter carefully you'll see we've got a lot to get accomplished and
>some very specific topics to discuss. Very little of that has happened
>so far.
>
>Charter is at:
>http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html
>
>ASRG page,  INCLUDING POSTING GUIDELINES:
>
>http://www.irtf.org/asrg/
>
>
>Posting guidelines: (everyone, please pay some special attention to the
>last few sentances)
>
>All conversation on this mailing list must be regarding one of the work
>items outlined in the ASRG Work Items document below. The subject of
>each email should begin with the number of the appropriate work item.
>For example, "2.a - Spam Measurement Survey Requirements" or "6 -
>Proposal for hash-based traceback system". The list volume makes it
>difficult to follow individual conversations and to filter the noise.
>This will help eliminate both problems. This is a research group. If you
>have constructive feedback, please share it in an appropriate manner. If
>you just feel like saying that "spam can not be stopped" or "this group
>will fail because I said so", then you should state those things
>elsewhere. This mailing list is for discussion towards the goals of the
>group as stated in the charter.
>
>
>Peter Kay
>President
>TitanKey Software www.titankey.com
>The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Asrg mailing list
>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg


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thread-index: AcM8YpnTRXO7FoJ3SGOQZenud4osIAAAWqmw
From: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
To: "Yakov Shafranovich" <research@solidmatrix.com>, "ASRG" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Thank you Yakov for putting it once again better than I could.  With all
due respect to the chair, there has been very little leadership/steering
and the current results tend to speak for themselves.=20

>=20
> We haven't seen much direction from the chair and the issue has been=20
> brought up in the IAB meeting last month.
>=20
> At 06:06 PM 6/26/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
>=20
> >Everyone,
> >
> > >
> > > The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from=20
> > > Gordon's HTML blocking thread, there has been no=20
> discussion of that.=20
> > > If discussion of
> > > consent is premature at the moment, what should we be looking
> > > at right now?
> > > In general, what directions should the group be pursuing at
> > > the moment? As
> > > it appears rights now, there are mainly various discussions about
> > > everything under the sun, but no concrete sense of=20
> direction at all.
> > >
> >
> >Yakov said the above better and faster than I ever could.  Everyone
> >should maybe re-read the charter and reconsider posts=20
> carefully to make
> >sure they are in-scope.  Too much of the posts that occur on=20
> this group
> >are rants that have little to do with research. If you look at the
> >charter carefully you'll see we've got a lot to get accomplished and
> >some very specific topics to discuss. Very little of that=20
> has happened
> >so far.
> >
> >Charter is at:
> >http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html
> >
> >ASRG page,  INCLUDING POSTING GUIDELINES:
> >
> >http://www.irtf.org/asrg/
> >
> >
> >Posting guidelines: (everyone, please pay some special=20
> attention to the
> >last few sentances)
> >
> >All conversation on this mailing list must be regarding one=20
> of the work
> >items outlined in the ASRG Work Items document below. The subject of
> >each email should begin with the number of the appropriate work item.
> >For example, "2.a - Spam Measurement Survey Requirements" or "6 -
> >Proposal for hash-based traceback system". The list volume makes it
> >difficult to follow individual conversations and to filter the noise.
> >This will help eliminate both problems. This is a research=20
> group. If you
> >have constructive feedback, please share it in an=20
> appropriate manner. If
> >you just feel like saying that "spam can not be stopped" or=20
> "this group
> >will fail because I said so", then you should state those things
> >elsewhere. This mailing list is for discussion towards the=20
> goals of the
> >group as stated in the charter.
> >
> >
> >Peter Kay
> >President
> >TitanKey Software www.titankey.com
> >The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
> >
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Asrg mailing list
> >Asrg@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jun 27 00:37:36 2003
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I don't see the ASRG on the IETF 56 Agenda.

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com


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> I would like to provide a generic proposal for consent-based system as per 
charter:

> 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to filter incoming email. 
Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs, and are not mandated. 
Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging from banning all email 
not digitally signed to blocking HTML.

I'd like to make sure that those rules can be specified differently for any 
given sender... and, for that matter, any given destination E-mail address,  so 
you can give specific rights to some senders (who need those for the kind of 
things I expect to receive from them) while denying those same rights to other 
senders.  Right can be extended on a strict "need to send/trust to send" basis.

For example, many of us have several E-mail addresses (or even catch-all 
accounts) and I might wish a given sender to be able to send something to me 
under one of my "hats" that I might not accept from them (or indeed ANYBODY 
maybe) when I'm wearing a different hat.

> 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a whitelist of trusted 
senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of unknown senders. 
Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to the bulk folder, 
and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or erased.

Again, there needs to be different privilege levels specifiable for different 
sender/destination address pairs. 

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 02:49:11 -0400

You would think, given all the time and money that went into this, 
that they could have gotten something as simple as an email address 
right.

They are mis-parsing email addresses.  A + turns into a space on the 
next form (they didn't escape it), and the email address will be 
incorrectly stored.  Other perfectly legal characters (%, &) are 
being rejected.  Clearly nobody bothered to read an RFC (not that I 
can figure out why they would care if you enter "illegal" characters. 
Either the email gets delivered or it doesn't.  Not their problem.

-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jun 27 14:48:03 2003
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 27 Jun 2003 12:11:25 EDT."
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 14:44:10 -0400

Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
> Then according to you, how is spam different from a DDOS attack were 
> thousands of computers start spewing packets?

  This is one part where I agree 100% with Barry: It's no different.

  Spam is a permanent DDoS attack.  Any lesser interpretation of it is
inadequate.

  Where I may differ from other people is that I believe the design
and use of SMTP is itself contributory to the *ability* and *ease* by
which this DDoS attack may be maintained.  In addition, many network
behaviours that non-spammers find useful, and which they refuse to
live without, are indistinguishable from the behaviour of spammers.
This further prevents any solution from being implemented.

> If both problems are similar, then perhaps we need to look into what
> methods are currently in place to block DDOS attacks and we can
> reuse the same methods here for spam.

  DDoS attacks can only be prevented if the network entities mutually
cooperate to minimize the scope of the attack.  As seen here, that's
extremely difficult to do.

  A naive approach to fighting DDoS attacks is to push packet filter
rules "upstream".  There is some research on this topic, but you end
up with a network entity being asked to apply thousands or hundreds of
thousands, of filtering rules, with little perceived local benefit.

  Alan DeKok.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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Reply-To: <hroth@tngi.com>
From: "Howard Roth" <hroth@tngi.com>
To: "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Message-ID: <NDBBKODHMKMGNDLPBHKKOEJEEFAA.hroth@tngi.com>
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Subject: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 11:27:31 -0700

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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Overview of Email Sender Validation Effort to reduce SPAM:

Efforts to validate the sender of an email message will help reduce the
dissemination of unwanted email. We propose a specific methodology to
address this issue by using a simple method based on a process that respo=
nds
to a new message with specially coded request for validation message.  Th=
is
specially coded message is sent to the =93reply to=94 address.  The messa=
ge
initiating mail server receives this reply and responds with an
acknowledgement to the recipient mailer server if the initial message was
indeed sent from this server.  Otherwise it does not respond.  If a posit=
ive
response comes back the initial message is transferred from a pending
directory to the recipients directory.  If there is no response in a
parameter based time period the initial message is discarded by the
recipient mail server.

Here is a more detailed, but simple, example of how we propose the soluti=
on
work:

User A uses his or her MUA to send a message to User B.  Server A sends t=
he
message to Server B.  Server A runs a standard MTA process and that
transmits the message.   A copy of the message header is stored on Server=
 A
to match against a validation effort.  Server B receives the message thro=
ugh
the standard MTA method but all messages go into a pending mail directory
(PMD).  Another process called mail validation agent (MVA) manages the
pending mail directory.

Server B=92s MVA reviews incoming messages in the PMD and sends a request=
 for
validation (RFV) to the sender for each new message via the standard MTA =
of
Server B. The file name of a message that has an RFV outstanding is chang=
ed
to differentiate it from new messages.

The RFV is a standard message that contains some specifically defined
elements to allow the process of verification to work.  The RFV contains =
a
random string that is associated with the initial message=92s file name. =
 The
RFV also contains details for Server A to validate that the message was
sent.  A piece of the message is purposely not sent to Server A so that i=
t
gets added to Server=92s A response to the RVF and provides additional
legitimacy to the validity of the message.

Server A receives the RVF and places all such messages in a specific mail
directory.  A process manages RVF=92s on the server.  This process on Ser=
ver A
validates the RVF.  If it is valid, that is there is a match to the store=
d
header; the process on Server A sends a response to validation request
(RVR).  Server A deletes the stored header. This RVR is returned to Serve=
r B
and proceeds to manage the =93valid=94 message.  If Server A does not fin=
d a
match to the RVF, then no action is taken.

Stored header information for matching is cleaned up from a sending serve=
r
based on a parameter driven period of time.  This could be several days t=
o
account for a recipient=92s server being down.

If there is no response to the RVF, within a parameter-based period of ti=
me,
the message is discarded.

This is a rough draft of the concept without too much detail in terms of
actual implementation.

Comments would be appreciated.



Howard Roth
The NetTech Group, Inc.
11 Airport Blvd., Suite 200
South San Francisco, CA 94080
Phone - 650-871-7209
Fax - 650-871-7219
Email - hroth@tngi.com


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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Overview of Email Sender =
Validation Effort
to reduce SPAM:</span></font><font color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;
mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Efforts to validate the sender of =
an email
message will help reduce the dissemination of unwanted email. We propose =
a
specific methodology to address this issue by using a simple method =
based on a
process that responds to a new message with specially coded request for
validation message.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>This =
specially
coded message is sent to the &#8220;reply to&#8221; address.<span =
style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp; </span>The message initiating mail server receives this =
reply and
responds with an acknowledgement to the recipient mailer server if the =
initial
message was indeed sent from this server.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;
</span>Otherwise it does not respond.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;
</span>If a positive response comes back the initial message is =
transferred
from a pending directory to the recipients directory.<span =
style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp; </span>If there is no response in a parameter based time =
period the
initial message is discarded by the recipient mail =
server.</span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Here is a more detailed, but =
simple,
example of how we propose the solution work:</span></font><font =
color=3Dblack><span
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>User A uses his or her MUA to =
send a
message to User B.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>Server =
A sends
the message to Server B.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</span>Server A
runs a standard MTA process and that transmits the message.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span><span style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;</span>A copy of the message header is stored on Server A to =
match
against a validation effort. <span style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp;</span>Server
B receives the message through the standard MTA method but all messages =
go into
a pending mail directory (PMD).<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;
</span>Another process called mail validation agent (MVA) manages the =
pending
mail directory.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</span></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Server B&#8217;s MVA reviews =
incoming messages
in the PMD and sends a request for validation (RFV) to the sender for =
each new
message via the standard MTA of Server B. The file name of a message =
that has
an RFV outstanding is changed to differentiate it from new =
messages.</span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>The RFV is a standard message =
that
contains some specifically defined elements to allow the process of
verification to work.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>The =
RFV
contains a random string that is associated with the initial =
message&#8217;s file
name.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>The RFV also =
contains
details for Server A to validate that the message was sent.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>A piece of the message is =
purposely not
sent to Server A so that it gets added to Server&#8217;s A response to =
the RVF and
provides additional legitimacy to the validity of the =
message.</span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Server A receives the RVF and =
places all
such messages in a specific mail directory.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp; </span>A process manages RVF&#8217;s on the server.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>This process on Server A =
validates the
RVF.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>If it is valid, that =
is there
is a match to the stored header; the process on Server A sends a =
response to
validation request (RVR).<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; =
</span>Server A
deletes the stored header. This RVR is returned to Server B and proceeds =
to
manage the &#8220;valid&#8221; message.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: =
yes">&nbsp; </span>If
Server A does not find a match to the RVF, then no action is taken.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span></font><font =
color=3Dblack><span
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Stored header information for =
matching is
cleaned up from a sending server based on a parameter driven period of
time.<span style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>This could be =
several days
to account for a recipient&#8217;s server being down.</span></font><font =
color=3Dblack><span
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>If there is no response to the =
RVF, within
a parameter-based period of time, the message is discarded.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span></font><font =
color=3Dblack><span
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><![if =
!supportEmptyParas]>&nbsp;<![endif]></span></font><font
color=3Dblack><span =
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>This is a rough draft of the =
concept
without too much detail in terms of actual implementation.<span
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span></font><font =
color=3Dblack><span
style=3D'color:black;mso-color-alt:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span
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To: Selby Hatch <selby_hatch@azza.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 15:18:39 -0400

At 09:53 PM 6/26/2003 -0600, Selby Hatch wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>>The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from Gordon's 
>>HTML blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that. If discussion 
>>of consent is premature at the moment, what should we be looking at right 
>>now? In general, what directions should the group be pursuing at the 
>>moment? As it appears rights now, there are mainly various discussions 
>>about everything under the sun, but no concrete sense of direction at all.
>>Yakov
>
>How can you say that? The entire proposal that I submitted
>was completely and totally about consent and authentication.
>I understand that it may not be painless to implement, but I
>have read no proposal here that would be both effective and
>painless.
>[..]
>
>Spam elimination by mailbox lock and key (or token) and by
>sender authentication
>[..]

The main crux of the proposal is that the sender and receiver share a key 
which expresses agreement to exchange email - i.e. consent. The key is a 
consent token.

My problem is that this is a specific implementation or way to build 
consent systems. We should strive to define a general consent framework 
into which proposals such as this will fit.

Yakov  


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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Yakov Shafranovich'" <research@solidmatrix.com>,
        "'Jon Kyme'" <jrk@merseymail.com>
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside=20
> from Gordon's HTML blocking thread, there has been no=20
> discussion of that.
	Not true... As Selby Hatch has already pointed out, his proposal
was focused on the consent issue. So are the various proposals that I've
made for "license to send" and/or "single user addresses" (stuff like
TMDA). See my first posting on 3-March -- one of the first in this
group... Also, quite a number of the patents that I've listed at various
times have been for "consent-based" systems of one form or another.

		bob wyman



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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Anticipatory whitelisting (was Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal)
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 12:15:55 +0100

Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> writes:

> A. There's nothing new here.
>
> B. It remains to be shown that the approach is useful.
>
> C. Repeating once again how these "rules and filters" are somehow
> going to magically appear won't make it happen.
>
> D. "For each email user the MUA or the ISP maintains a whitelist..."
>
> MUAs don't maintain whitelists, people do. And that's the crux of
> the problem as has been shown repeatedly, people generally don't
> know the exact details of where the confirmation of their FTC/AT&T
> no-call list is going to come from to put them on their
> whitelist. Etc.

That's an important problem, and it's one that the IETF (or some other
body, such as W3C) could help to solve.  

Something that would be helpful would be (say) and XML specification
for small documents that web sites could offer for email lists that
they run.  Such documents would include information about the
originator address of email from the list (or some other kind of
authenticator), and information for subscribing and unsubscribing from
the list, together with information about the list (description,
perhaps an icon that user agents can use).

I've phrased that poorly in the sense that the same idea would work
for short-term communication agreements (such as information about a
particular order from amazon.com, say).  Some documents could specify
an expiry time for this use.

Obviously, email clients would parse such documents, and (after
presenting the information and receiving confirmation) would be able
to set up the whitelist (also perhaps arranging a filter to put email
into a special folder), and then tell the originating site about the
desire to accept communications.  (I say "email client" on the grounds
that most people use IE/OE, so their email client is also their web
browser.  Obviously it would be slightly more complex if the two are
separate, but still readily doable.)

I'm not sure how the information would be passed to ISPs that offer to
do filtering.  As you say, there are privacy issues.  However, if
these privacy issues can (to a sufficient extent) be addressed, then a
standardised way for the permission information to be passed to ISPs
would be valuable.

Even in the absence of spam, that would be handy, since it would make
it easy to manage mailing lists (my MUA could show me a list, and
could automatically filter them into folders).

It wouldn't be so valued by many commercial organisations, since
subscribing to their advertising would involve more than not
unchecking a 2x2 pixel checkbox at the end of a long web page, but
that doesn't seem a big disadvantage to me.  I think the idea's a
potential win: it would make managing mailing lists (and similar
things, like information about specific things like orders) much
easier, and much more usable.

Given that we're mostly concerned with spam, making whitelists usable
can work with other approaches: something like RMX can make the
whitelist somewhat reliable even when using the originator address as
authenticator; using hashcash (or email stamps or something) would
permit unsolicited email (much interperson email could use hashcash,
for example), provided the sender is willing to pay the cost.

In fact, I think usable whitelists together with hashcash would be a
very nice email system.

[...]

> The ISPs maintaining the whitelist has privacy issues (and don't
> just jump back to ok then keep it in the MUA, that's a shell game,
> if half your proposal lacks merit that's a problem.)
>
> Not too many senators want to tell AOL that they think the email
> they get from hotties@big-butts.com is ok and should be allowed
> through.

True.  ISPs can already see that the senator is receiving email from
hotties@big-butts.com, of course, but you're right that that's a big
step away from knowing that the senator has asked for it.

This seems a general problem where user-controlled filtering can
happen at the ISP: the ISP could record which emails have passed
through, and can make inferences about what email the user wants to
receive.  The better the quality of filtering that's being used, the
better the quality of the inference.

Ideas like hashing (especially with salts and other tricks) can reduce
the privacy implications of exposing the database that the ISP needs
to keep, but the ISP itself can just watch the traffic.

[...]



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
To: "Yakov Shafranovich"  <research@solidmatrix.com>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
Cc: "ASRG" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 07:53:53 +0100

> >I don't believe that this adds up to what you claim.
> >
> >There was some more fundamental (but probably premature)
> >discussion of "consent" early in the life this group.
> 
> The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from Gordon's
> HTML
> blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that. 

You might be interested in the threads starting with
<E18r0iB-0000Ci-00@mail.nitros9.org> "[Asrg] The Consent 4-Tuple"
and
<E18sKmk-00009r-00@argon.connect.org.uk> "[Asrg] What would consent look
like?"

>If discussion of 
> consent is premature at the moment, 

I meant premature at the time. People were busy contributing their pet
silver bullets. I thought this would have stopped by now.
Shows how much I know... :-)

>what should we be looking at right
> now?
> In general, what directions should the group be pursuing at the moment?

I strongly believe that you are right, that an analysis of the consent
problem is important. I believe that one can get to a general framework for
anti-spam systems from first principles.

I think it tends to something like:
message classifier function
+ expression of recipient policy (consent expression)
+ policy enforcement agent







--

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To: "Chris Lewis" <clewis@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Bill Thorson <thorson@privacynetworks.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] SMTP server connections that disconnect right away
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 15:20:44 -0400

At 11:17 AM 6/27/2003 -0400, Chris Lewis wrote:

>Bill Thorson wrote:
>>ASRG Group,
>>I've been working on smtp server software and have
>>noticed something very strange.  We seem to have many
>>connections made, mostly at night, who connect to
>>port 25 and then disconnect right after the
>>220 Server Ready message.   I was believing that I
>>had a bug in my software but now I am wondering if
>>this is a bot of some type.   Do spammers run bots
>>to search for and create lists of mail servers to
>>attack?  Is this what I'm seeing?
>
>The SMTP "channel" is unbelievably dirty.
>
>On our spamtrap, we see machines making _thousands_ of transactions that 
>consist of only:
>         HELO somevalue
>         QUIT

Have you considering the possibility that they are checking for RMX/rDNS 
compliance?



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Subject: Re: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 15:21:46 -0400

At 04:29 PM 6/27/2003 +0100, Jon Kyme wrote:

> > Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > > The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside
> > > from Gordon's HTML blocking thread, there has been no
> > > discussion of that.
> >       Not true... As Selby Hatch has already pointed out, his proposal
> > was focused on the consent issue. So are the various proposals that I've
> > made for "license to send" and/or "single user addresses" (stuff like
> > TMDA). See my first posting on 3-March -- one of the first in this
> > group... Also, quite a number of the patents that I've listed at various
> > times have been for "consent-based" systems of one form or another.
> >
>
>There is quite a common misaprehension (as I see it):
>that systems which rely on "consent tokens" must solve the larger
>problem of "consent based communication".

Correct.

>Clearly, consent token based systems do seek to enforce the
>recipients wish for consent based communication.
>However, generally, I can chose to consent (or not) to receive any message
>(or class of messages) that I can describe, and I can hope
>that there exists an agency which will enforce my expressed policy.
>
>This is not merely an academic point. The problem has been generalised
>(this is a good thing), we should be able to form a general description
>of the kind of things that might offer solutions.

There are seems to be two ways to deal with spam. One way, proposed by 
Barry Shein and Eric Brunner, is by concentrating on the senders of spam, 
and the network that carries it, and shut the senders down. These MAY 
INCLUDE legal measures, low-level network detection, coordinated detection, 
anti-DDOS tactics, etc. The second way which is defined in the charter is 
by looking at the receiver's end - and define a consent framework to be 
used by receivers.

Yakov




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To: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>, asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 15:31:35 -0400

At 02:44 PM 6/27/2003 -0400, Alan DeKok wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
> > Then according to you, how is spam different from a DDOS attack were
> > thousands of computers start spewing packets?
>
>   This is one part where I agree 100% with Barry: It's no different.
>
>   Spam is a permanent DDoS attack.  Any lesser interpretation of it is
>inadequate.
>
>   Where I may differ from other people is that I believe the design
>and use of SMTP is itself contributory to the *ability* and *ease* by
>which this DDoS attack may be maintained.  In addition, many network
>behaviours that non-spammers find useful, and which they refuse to
>live without, are indistinguishable from the behaviour of spammers.
>This further prevents any solution from being implemented.

In your opinion, would changes to underlying protocols like SMTP make any 
difference?

> > If both problems are similar, then perhaps we need to look into what
> > methods are currently in place to block DDOS attacks and we can
> > reuse the same methods here for spam.
>
>   DDoS attacks can only be prevented if the network entities mutually
>cooperate to minimize the scope of the attack.  As seen here, that's
>extremely difficult to do.
>
>   A naive approach to fighting DDoS attacks is to push packet filter
>rules "upstream".  There is some research on this topic, but you end
>up with a network entity being asked to apply thousands or hundreds of
>thousands, of filtering rules, with little perceived local benefit.

Would about coordinated detection like Dshield.org?

Yakov 


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From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <hroth@tngi.com>, "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 15:33:56 -0400
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Re Howard Roth's proposal for RFV's, etc....
    I think this proposal is addressing a real opportunity in a bad way.
Basically, what it seems that what the author is looking for is a way
for a server to state whether or not it was, in fact, the sender of a
specific message. The approach used in the proposal is to generate
additional network traffic by having the recipient of a message query
the claimed sender as to whether or not it did actually send the
message.
    If the goal is really to determine whether the stated sender
actually sent the message and if you're willing to write new
code/protocol in order to get such a statement, then the "correct" way
to do this is to have the originating server simply sign outgoing
messages. Recipients would then look in some well known place to find
the appropriate certificates with which to validate the signatures. (It
would be most convenient if the location of the certificate repository
for the domain and/or server were found by doing a lookup on a resource
in the domain's DNS record.)

	Note: Such a mechanism would be very easy to implement, cheap to
operate, distributed, provides for gradual acceptance, etc.... But, for
some reason, people seem not to like signatures. I don't understand why.

        bob wyman


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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 27 Jun 2003 15:31:35 EDT."
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 16:03:22 -0400

Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
> In your opinion, would changes to underlying protocols like SMTP make any 
> difference?

  "ANY" difference?  Sure.  "Enough" difference, I'm not so sure.

  Discarding SMTP, and going to full client & server certificates with
whitelists, RMX, challenge-responses, temporary/signed addresses,
etc. would obviously get rid of most of the spam... as well as most
non-spam email.  The difficulty is finding the balance.

  My concern with the discussions here is that the "balance" is skewed
towards "doing nothing", which is the other end of the spectrum from
the system I described above.  That is, when anyone asks "What CAN be
changed about SMTP", the response is either "nothing!", or dead
silence.

> Would about coordinated detection like Dshield.org?

  It looks like it's down right now, and I'm not familiar with it, so
I don't know.

  Alan DeKok.

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To: Madscientist <madscientist@microneil.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Fwd: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 15:30:29 -0400

At 08:20 AM 6/27/2003 -0400, Madscientist wrote:
[..]
>I suggest we remain focused on solving the problem of control and the 
>suppression of abuse. This can be done by technical means in a 
>decentralized fashion, and we'd better get on with it.
>
>+ adjustments and enhancements to open protocols and standards.
>+ distributed, dynamic threat detection and response mechanisms.
>+ intelligent controls that allow recipients to define the content they want.
>+ adaptive propagation mechanisms to enhance efficiency.
>...
>
>If the infrastructure of the Internet disconnects abusers, and the 
>definition of abuse is controlled by the recipients, then the economics 
>will be well defined for the spammer: If you abuse this network you will 
>be removed from it and _no amount_ of money will get your messages to 
>unwilling recipients. It will also be well defined for the provider: 
>Implement these protocols or lose customers to those who do.
>[..]

As I mentioned in a different thread there seems to be two types of 
solutions to the spam problem: one focusing on the senders and the network 
(network abuse model), and the second focusing on the receiver's end only 
(consent model). I think that both are equally valid and we should be 
looking at both, and restrict ourselves.

Also, from a recent message by Alan DeKok:
-----snip----
Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
 >If both problems are similar, then perhaps we need to look into what
 > methods are currently in place to block DDOS attacks and we can
 > reuse the same methods here for spam.
"DDoS attacks can only be prevented if the network entities mutually 
cooperate to minimize the scope of the attack.  As seen here, that's 
extremely difficult to do."
-----snip----

Yakov 


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Reply-To: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
From: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
To: "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 15:02:23 -0500
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Dear Bob,

I'm not saying this to be smart - perhaps part of the problem is our
inability to come up with a certificate for an arbitrary person
somewhere in the Internet, so we can verify signatures?

Spencer

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: <hroth@tngi.com>; "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, June 27, 2003 2:33 PM
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender
Accountability

Note: Such a mechanism would be very easy to implement, cheap to
operate, distributed, provides for gradual acceptance, etc.... But, for
some reason, people seem not to like signatures. I don't understand why.

        bob wyman


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From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Spencer Dawkins'" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>,
        "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
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Spencer Dawkins wrote:
> our inability to come up with a certificate for=20
> an arbitrary person somewhere in the Internet,=20
> so we can verify signatures?
	I said nothing about certificates for "arbitrary persons". The
subject discussed was how do you prove that a message was sent by a
specific *server*. The key to simplification here is that the server
will have a DNS record and that DNS record can have SVR records
associated with it. What you do is set up an SVR record that points to
the certificate server for the mail server. Then, you pick any of the
many available certificate formats and say: "This certificate format is
the one to use for mail server identification."
	Locating certificates for arbitrary people is a different
problem since we don't have anything like a DNS service for them. i.e.
there is no way to make a connection to an "arbitrary person" and ask it
questions. In any case, certificates for "arbitrary persons" are only
needed if you are trying to ensure that mail came from "arbitrary
persons." In this case, we're trying to determine if mail came from a
specific server -- not a person.
	The kind of certificate needed in a system like I'm suggesting
here can be very minimal and even self-generated. You don't, for
instance, have to worry about having any CA that issues the things. You
can just create an arbitrary public key and publish it via the
certificate server of your choice. The reason for this is that you are
asking the server's DNS server itself to tell you where to find the
server's key. As long as you trust that you are speaking to the server's
DNS, you can invest reasonable trust in any statements it makes.=20
	(Yes, I realize that one can spoof DNS data, etc. however, I
believe that will not be a significant problem in *this* specific
application. The worst case that results from any spoofed data is the
present case: i.e. faked addresses. However, I believe that the vast
majority of servers will have management that ensures that their data is
properly maintained and monitored. The fake source data will diminish as
more and more server managers adopt the method even though some small,
and insignificant portion of them will end up with hacked data.)

		bob wyman


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>From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com] 

<snip>

>>If the infrastructure of the Internet disconnects abusers, and the
>>definition of abuse is controlled by the recipients, then the 
>economics 
>>will be well defined for the spammer: If you abuse this 
>network you will 
>>be removed from it and _no amount_ of money will get your messages to 
>>unwilling recipients. It will also be well defined for the provider: 
>>Implement these protocols or lose customers to those who do.
>>[..]
>
>As I mentioned in a different thread there seems to be two types of 
>solutions to the spam problem: one focusing on the senders and 
>the network 
>(network abuse model), and the second focusing on the 
>receiver's end only 
>(consent model). I think that both are equally valid and we should be 
>looking at both, and restrict ourselves.

Actually, what I am suggesting is that there should be a unified model
where the consent model can (essentially) drive the network abuse model
via a collection of open protocols. I will attempt to summarize:

Each terminal user would feed policy decisions (or not if they are lazy)
to their local MTA. The local MTA aggregates those policy decisions and
responds accordingly while allowing for any exceptions to specific end
users. (Lazy users would accept by default the aggregate policy of the
system, or some other standard defined by their relationship with their
provider).

Failure to respect negative responses, or to fail to properly execute
other protocols can be monitored by the MTA and would be seen as abuse.
Other tests could also be added as abuse detection mechanisms (port scan
detection, dictionary attacks, delivery or attempted delivery of
malware, etc..) MTAs with compatible policies would collaborate to share
common elements and would collect sensory data on abuse as well as
diseminate that data as needed with peers. Peers would be selected based
on COT (Circle Of Trust) protocols whereby each participating node
continuously evaluates the performance, consistency, and policy
proximity of it's peer nodes and migrates to new peers as needed. This
mechanism provides for no single point of failure as there is no
centralized authority. It also overlays automatically with an optimized,
distributed processing facility for threat detection and collective
response.

(NOTE: Nodes need not be a single MTA, MUA or otherwise. In fact, an MTA
in a large scale system might support many "nodes" so that it can
aggregate the policies of it's end users based on similarities between
groups to simplify it's local delivery rules. Other devices may also
play a part depending upon local policies.)

Aggressive abuse would trigger aggressive measures such as blocking
inbound access from the offending ips and/or networks. (DSQP = Dynamic
Squelch Propogation). At first, a local MTA would refuse connections at
an envelope level if a "more terminalward" MTA (or MUA or MUA agent)
refused the content. If the refusal was not heeded or if other abuse was
present sufficient to meet the local policy thresholds, then the MTA
would initiate a DSQP request to it's border routers to refuse access
from the offending network. Collaborating nodes within a high trust
level of the COT would be allowed to aggregate individual IPs to network
blocks appropriate to fit their collective requirements and optimize
network level controls at the border routers or other similar
structures.

DSQP news messages might be broadcast to peers depending on local and
peer policy. Peers might then aggregate or simply act on similar news
messages by issuing their own local DSQP. In this way, for example,
worms  could be detected and blocked before they could spread.
Similarly, unwanted spam broadcasts might also be detected and slowed
for analysis or entirely blocked based on the wide detection of abuse.

For example, a network provider might have a COT/DSQP policy such that
some threshold of DSQP requests for a given network at the network's
edge might result in a broad propogation of DSQP requests directly to
the sources for that traffic. For example if a large ISP were to detect
DSQP-Malware signals from 5% of it's network clients then it might have
a policy to block the source network named in the DSQP at the border
routers thus temporarily denying transit across it's network. A similar
action might occur at a higher level for DSQP-Spam reports with a
specific characteristic (such as a new unknown source reported by 10% of
client networks - again, local policies prevail [ the provider might
know that only 15% of it's client networks have these protocols in place
so a 10% showing would indicate a very high threat ]).

Collaborating intermediate providers might therefore block serious
network threats and DDoS attacks automatically based on detecting abuse
reports from client systems - and thus disconnect the source of the
abuse.

(NOTE: All of these protocols also relax restrictions automatically once
abuse subsides based on local policy decisions. In any case the
responses at each level would be metered by local policies in much the
same way BGP policies can be established to accept or deny routes from
particular sources under specific conditions... If someone makes a
mistake, they would be blocked, but once they correct that mistake they
are back in operation.)

The model also works well during rollout (before wide deployment)
provided the local policies of each peer are willing to accept
non-compliant (outdated) MTA traffic.

Consider an inbound message from a new sender (from the perspective of a
given MTA). The MTA would ask some number of peers in it's COT to
"vouch" for the sender. If the other peers in it's group show a good
rating for the sender then the message would be processed with little
bias and a new monitoring record would be developed in the local node.

If the peers show a bad rating for the new sender then the local MTA
might adopt that policy and reject the message. (for example if the same
sender had recently attempted a dictionary attack on one of my peers
then "I" would not want to accept any traffic from that sender.)

If the peers do not have any rating for the new sender then the local
MTA would process the message according to it's local policy for new
contacts. It would also begin forming it's own rating for that sender
based on the sender's performance, adherence to policy and protocol
requests etc.

One way this new unknown message might be processed is with an IRRQ
(Intelligent Retry Request) where the initial message is rejected with a
unique response that the sender can use in their next retry after an
appropriate guard time. 

(IRRQ modifies SMTP by indicating a temporary failure and providing a
one-time password for the sender to use in their next attempt. The
sender issues the password as it's first recipient in it's retries after
an established guard time in order to comply with the protocol. A
non-compliant sender would respond normally to the initial temporary
failure. Spamware would not remember the password and would probably do
a lot of other detectable things. An uncompromised MTA would at least
act in a predictable way (not retrying 30 seconds later for example). An
MTA implementing the protocol would most certainly not be spamware and
would be given a higher trust rating provided no other policies were
violated.)

If the sending MTA has implemented IRRQ and responds appropriately then
the local node might increase it's "trust" rating. If the sending MTA
does not implement this protocl then the local MTA would be somewhat
more biased against this incoming traffic as determined by it's local
policy. If, on the other hand the new sending MTA began pounding the
local MTA with bad requests (or other detectable abuse) then the local
rating for this sender would immediately plummit and no messages would
be accepted (escallating as indicated above if necessary). Since this
local MTA now has a rating for this sender, if the sender attempts to
contact on of the peers in the COT then those peers would receive the
negative rating from the local MTA and would start their evaluation of
the sender from that perspective.

--- summarizing the summary ---

The important characteristics of this solution are:

- End users ultimately define the nature of abuse (spam or otherwise)
within their local context, which includes their immediate provider.

- Abuse can be detected more accurately and sensitively because multiple
systems across the Internet are involved in the detection process.

- Broad defensive actions against abuse are enabled.

- Individual processing costs are reduced significantly by leveraging
network effects. (For example, only one well trusted system need detect
a virus for an entire group of systems to reject contact from that
source. The detection must only occur once, not once for each system.
This leverage also applies to content rejection of spam whereby systems
with very similar policies might adopt a block after unwanted material
is detected on a well trusted system (unless a local policy forces an
exception) This is true if the spam detection is a person rejecting the
message or an automated system of heuristics or some other policy
mechanism).

- Any protective response against abuse is driven as close to the source
as possible thereby protecting the widest possible area of the network
and significantly reducing the possibility of damage or other costs.

- Administrators close to the source of an abuse are given strong real
time data that can help them identify policy violations and take
appropriate actions (legal or otherwise) within their local framework.
This might be particularly important where legal actions are considered.
Note that system operators overseas who consistently allow abuse without
acting effectively will automatically be rated poorly by systems
implementing these protocols... that may well result in their effective
removal from the network as broad policies develop to reject their
network - this puts a very specific spin on the economics of network
service operation, content publication, and otherwise.

- The system is extremely difficult to compromise or corrupt because
there is no single point of failure and every node is under constant
observation by other peers. If a node becomes compromised then it's
peers will reject it based on their local policies and can even be made
sensitive to this possibility by sharing their observations... A
compromised node would be seen as "losing trust" with all of the other
peers simultaneously and so each peer could be programmed to be ultra
sensitive to this condition. In any case failure can only degrade the
system to the degree allowed by all local policies - so there should be
no possibility for a large scale failure scenario.

- The system automatically adapts to policy changes... If a peer changes
it's policy and that policy is no longer compatible with your local
policy than you will reduce that peer's trust rating until you
eventually drop it from your COT. That does not mean that you won't
accept content from that system (provided that content doesn't violate
your policy) but it does mean that you will not accept that system's
policy recommendations nor seek it's advice on new contacts.

... There is a lot to this, I hope that the above description provides a
good starting point...

_M

PS: I am working on papers to describe these concepts in more depth and
more clearly.


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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 18:42:35 -0400

I recently ran across the following email which came from an ISP responding 
to a complaint about an infected system on their network issued by DShield 
(http://www.dshield.org/):

---------snip------------
FightBack Responses of the Week

Date: Sat, 7 Jun 2003 14:16:03 +0200

 > This is an abuse notice meaning that one of your machines might
 > be infected with a virus and is trying to infect other machines.
 >
 > See http://www.dshield.org/ for more information

We don't care, the major issue is that we don't want to receive this kind 
of mail, because we're a large ISP and we have no control about our 
multiple clients and their Windows systems.

Your mail was annoying, so we simply filtered it out. We know that many of 
them are infected even if we don't receive your mail.
---------snip------------

Yakov 


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On June 26, 2003 at 20:27 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > > From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>
 > 
 > > ...
 > >  > > What if such an account as you describe, honestly, would cost $100/mo
 > >  > > or more, w/o connectivity fees?

From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
>I'd be very happy to hear an accounting of those costs, but not
>insulting hyperbole of $100/month/user.


Vernon seems to be having trouble with the subjunctive.

WOULD cost, that's a hypothetical future.

Have you anything of actual value to say to everyone here? Remember,
this isn't a snippy little bar conversation just between the two of
us.

You're taking up others' valuable time with the straw men, willful
misunderstandings, and other sleazy argumentation which I don't think
is convincing anyone that you're very bright.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Why sender-pays is nonsense except in the Hotmail model
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This is what's known as a classic straw man, Vernon.

You set up a really dumb model for bulk-sender-pays, and then proceed
to prove to everyone that it's dumb.

Feel free, but please leave my name off it.

I never described any such thing and I agree, what you describe would
be dumb.

      -b

On June 26, 2003 at 19:54 vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com (Vernon Schryver) wrote:
 > This FTC business is an excellent case study of why sender-pays
 > makes sense only in the restricted sense of Hotmail's model (if there).
 > 
 > Imagine that there were a bulk-sender-pays system in place.  Assume
 > that all of what I claim are insurmountable problems are somehow
 > resolved.
 > 
 >     Now comes the FTC commission with an anticipated mailing of
 >     250,000,000 mesages.
 > 
 >     Barry says "None of my users will receive those confirmation
 >     messages unless you pay me to deliver them."
 > 
 >     The FTC says, "Ok, none of your users will receive their confirmation
 >     messages.  You might want to let them know that as a consequence
 >     their world.std.com addresses will not be entered on the FTC's do
 >     not spam list, but if not, that's ok too."
 > 
 >     I don't know how Barry might respond, but I suspect that many of
 >     his customers would not be pleased and will switch to an ISP that
 >     does not participate in the bulk-mail-sender-settlements system.
 > 
 > Variations of that story fit every other case where the bulk mail is
 > wanted, whether FTC DNS confirmations, CNN "news alerts," or dirty
 > pictures.  The only cases where Barry can get his own customers to go
 > along with a bland refusal of bulk senders to pay is when the mail is
 > unwanted by his customers.  Thus, all providers of solicited or non-spam
 > bulk mail will blandly refuse to join the sender-pays party.  Sender-pays
 > devolves into senders paying to have unwanted mail delivered.  On the
 > plausible side of the spectrum, we have advertising pushed on AOL and
 > Hotmail users.  At the other end, we have the silly notion of spammers
 > being voluntarily paying.
 > 
 > 
 > Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com
 > 
 > _______________________________________________
 > Asrg mailing list
 > Asrg@ietf.org
 > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Alan DeKok'" <aland@freeradius.org>, <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
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Alan DeKok wrote:
> going to full client & server certificates with whitelists,
> RMX, challenge-responses, temporary/signed addresses, etc.=20
> would obviously get rid of most of the spam... as well as=20
> most non-spam email.  The difficulty is finding the balance.

	I think you're being too extreme in your analysis here. Even if
the various systems you list are used, there is no reason (except for
challenge/response) that we need to assume that the failure of a system
to support one or another method would cause mail to be discarded. Such
mail can be put into a "suspect" or "gray" inbox -- making it a bit
harder to get to, but still not getting rid of it.

		bob wyman


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On June 27, 2003 at 12:11 research@solidmatrix.com (Yakov Shafranovich) wrote:
 > >Telling people to unhook the bell on their phone (boy I must be old to
 > >even think of that) doesn't quite address the latter issue.
 > 
 > Then according to you, how is spam different from a DDOS attack were 
 > thousands of computers start spewing packets? If both problems are similar, 

Um, when have you ever seen a DDOS attack with thousands of computers
are spewing packets? Do you have an example?

Also, what service is being denied?

 > then perhaps we need to look into what methods are currently in place to 
 > block DDOS attacks and we can reuse the same methods here for spam.

Except it's not a DDOS attack, except as a broad-sweeping (and useful)
metaphor.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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> From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>

> 	                                                   ...     The
> subject discussed was how do you prove that a message was sent by a
> specific *server*. The key to simplification here is that the server
> will have a DNS record and that DNS record can have SVR records
> associated with it. ...

Ok, but why do you care about servers instead of persons?  I don't
care how legitimate mail gets into my mailbox.  I also don't care how
many signatures are associated with a server that sends spam my way.

It sounds as if you are making the familiar assumption that every
legitimate sender transmits only via a small number of SMTP clients.
That assumption would vastly simplify solving the spam problem, but
it would also vastly change non-technical aspects of the mail system.

From another angle, why is it any harder for a spammer to get a signed,
throw-away domain name than to get a throw-away personal or other
certificate?  Some of the ostensibly Chinese spammers are disclosing
several dozen new domain names in my spam traps every day.  What
difference would it make if they had signatures to go along with their
domain names? 

Yes, most of these spammers seem to be forging sender names (in the
real sense, not in the too familiar bogus sense of "forge"), but I
don't understand why.  They could as effectively use their new domain
names as senders including using signatures.  I suspect that within
a day or so of the first appearance of their domain names in URLs in
spam, those domain names appear in comemrcial body filters.


Applying Barry Shein's analogy, how does this stop the bad guys
from ringing all of the phones in Manhattan?


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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How is any of this consent/filtering related to the usual IETF purpose
such as protocol documents (RFCs, etc), network engineering, and not
just some ad hoc User Interface Engineering?

It seems to me the consent proposals (getting any attention) thus far
require no change to any existing protocols or standards, and don't
seem to imply any new protocols or standards.

Where in the stack would any of this fit and why does this group need
to be involved?

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jun 27 19:49:38 2003
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Fwd: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 17:47:22 -0600 (MDT)

>From: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>


>Vernon seems to be having trouble with the subjunctive.
>
>WOULD cost, that's a hypothetical future.
>
>Have you anything of actual value to say to everyone here? Remember,
>this isn't a snippy little bar conversation just between the two of
>us.
>
>You're taking up others' valuable time with the straw men, willful
>misunderstandings, and other sleazy argumentation which I don't think
>is convincing anyone that you're very bright.

My mistake.  I thought you were saying that a mail account costs
$100/month/user.  In re-reading your words in
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05793.html
and
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05803.html
I still get the impression that you are saying that $100 is not
far from the current situation.  What is the current approximate cost?
Isn't $10-$40 retail price-point for accounts and so how can current
costs be more than $1/month/user?

Yes, this is not a "snippy little bar conversation." It's also not
consciousness raising rallye to get us charged up about fighting spam
by considering how bad things could get if they went 100 times past
the possible.  It's not even a venue to blow off steam from the
frustrations of dealing with spammers.  As such, talk about ISP costs
should related to reality and doomsday scenarios about ISP costs must
be plausible.


It's good that we agree that my model of sender pays in 
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05804.html
is a bad idea.  I thought my example was close to your model, but I'm
evidently wrong.  What is your model?  All I know for certain about
it is that it
   - will prevent "$100/mo or more" costs for mail accounts.
   - would have the FTC pay you to deliver those DNC confirmations.

Since we're not wasting everyone's time here, it would be good to 
consider the sender pays model you envision that gets you paid by
the FTC as you said in 
https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05771.html


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 01:46:26 +0200

On Fri, Jun 27, 2003 at 07:16:30PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
> Um, when have you ever seen a DDOS attack with thousands of computers
> are spewing packets? Do you have an example?

http://www.caida.org/projects/dns-analysis/oct02dos.xml
    DDos against the root DNS servers

http://www.brendastardom.com/arch.asp?ArchID=92
    SQL/Slammer took down half of Korea and Bank of America

There are a lot more examples...

	\Maex

-- 
SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
"The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"

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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 00:04:55 +0000

Hi Everyone,

There is a new system under development to prevent spam across the Internet. 
  It is known as 'GIEIS'.  The system is being designed to prevent 100% of 
spam, not just limit its effects.  The system is the conceptual design stage 
and is being prepared for an Internet draft.

We are looking for comments, suggestions, possible weaknesses of the system. 
  Also, I would like it pointed out that this system DOES cope with bulk 
email from legitimate businesses and mailing lists.

To view the system please follow this link,

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

Please let me know what you think.

Mark McCarron.

_________________________________________________________________
Get Hotmail on your mobile phone http://www.msn.co.uk/msnmobile


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From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender
 Accountability
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 20:27:30 -0400

At 11:27 AM -0700 6/27/03, Howard Roth wrote:
>Overview of Email Sender Validation Effort to reduce SPAM:
>
>Efforts to validate the sender of an email message will help reduce 
>the dissemination of unwanted email. We propose a specific 
>methodology to address this issue by using a simple method based on 
>a process that responds to a new message with specially coded 
>request for validation message.  This specially coded message is 
>sent to the "reply to" address.  The message initiating mail server 
>receives this reply and responds with an acknowledgement to the

In what way is this any functionally any different than RMX or other 
similar server-is-authorized-to-send-mail protocols?  Unlike those, 
this requires maintaining state and uses a heavyweight protocol.  It 
does have the advantage of not requiring a live internet server to do 
verification.  But it has the disadvantage of requiring millions of 
people to change how they send email (most especially users of 
web-mail services).
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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From: "Howard Roth" <hroth@tngi.com>
To: "Kee Hinckley" <nazgul@somewhere.com>, "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
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The idea behind this concept is to not modify current software, but provide
additional stand-alone software that provides sender accountability.   RMX
requires a modification to DNS to allow for the match between the sending IP
address and the 'reply to' server IP address.  I feel adoption of an added
piece of software is more likely to occur in a shorter period of time than
by substantially modifying existing MTA or DNS software.  That doesn't rule
out the more efficient methods, like RMX, being adopted as a long-term
solution.

Basically, the intent is for this method to be completely transparent to the
users and therefore have no impact on web-mail services.  I am familiar with
my web-mail services using Ipswitch mail server software, but there may be
other issues that you are alluding to that I may not be aware of.

I also understand that there are network utilization issues with the added
messages, but if sender accountability occurs we will see a significant drop
in overall usage by reducing SPAM.  As well, the intent is to make these
additional validation messages as small as possible.



Howard Roth
The NetTech Group, Inc.
11 Airport Blvd., Suite 200
South San Francisco, CA 94080
Phone - 650-871-7209
Fax - 650-871-7219
Email - hroth@tngi.com

-----Original Message-----
From: asrg-admin@ietf.org [mailto:asrg-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Kee
Hinckley
Sent: Friday, June 27, 2003 5:28 PM
To: hroth@tngi.com
Cc: 'Asrg@Ietf. Org'
Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender
Accountability

At 11:27 AM -0700 6/27/03, Howard Roth wrote:
>Overview of Email Sender Validation Effort to reduce SPAM:
>
>Efforts to validate the sender of an email message will help reduce
>the dissemination of unwanted email. We propose a specific
>methodology to address this issue by using a simple method based on
>a process that responds to a new message with specially coded
>request for validation message.  This specially coded message is
>sent to the "reply to" address.  The message initiating mail server
>receives this reply and responds with an acknowledgement to the

In what way is this any functionally any different than RMX or other
similar server-is-authorized-to-send-mail protocols?  Unlike those,
this requires maintaining state and uses a heavyweight protocol.  It
does have the advantage of not requiring a live internet server to do
verification.  But it has the disadvantage of requiring millions of
people to change how they send email (most especially users of
web-mail services).
--
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg


_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_it@hotmail.com>
From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] The Solution To Spam
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 21:17:06 -0400

>Email transmission          has several stages, the majority are 
>transparent to the end user.
>
>1. The Email server          makes a request to begin transmitting 
>by logging onto the 'EAS'.

Don't you mean Email client?


>2. This is passed to the ISP's 'EAS' which, results in transmission 
>of          a graphic with obscured word on it to the client.
>3. The client enters the word into a prompt and the first email is 
>sent          to the 'EAS'.

You make no statement about how often I have to respond to this 
graphic.  Or how any of this works with automatically generated 
messages.  My mailbox has hundreds of automated messages in it every 
day--generated by support systems, cron tasks and other automated 
systems at various machines around the internet.  You can't cut that 
off.

You keep talking about ISPs as though they are the only people who 
run mail servers. You are describing a central database that needs to 
manage information about millions of mail servers from countries 
around the world.  It has to have a dispute mechanism for complaints, 
and it has the power to put any of those companies out of business. 
What government or company would cede that kind of control to an 
unregulated organization?  Also, you have a huge loophole in 
non-commercial mailing lists.  What keeps spammers from repeatedly 
signing up as non-commercial mailing lists, sending out millions of 
messages, and then creating a new list.  Additionally, you have 
vastly underestimated the cost and infrastructure requirements if you 
think you are going to have money left over.

And of course, it suffers from the standard adoption system.  Until 
the majority of the world is using the system, you can't block email 
that doesn't use it.  Therefore early adopters have to suffer through 
the major pain of using the system, but get no benefit.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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From: Troy Rollo <asrg@troy.rollo.name>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] The Solution To Spam
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 11:33:01 +1000

At 21:17 27/06/03 -0400, Kee Hinckley wrote:
[Several good reasons why the proposal is not "the solution" snipped]

You missed a couple:

	It locks out the seriously visually impaired.
	There is no part of this concept, nor in the combination,
		that is "new" in the sense that it hasn't been
		raised previously.
--
Troy Rollo				Chairman, CAUBE.AU
asrg@troy.rollo.name			Executive Director, iCAUCE


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From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender
 Accountability
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 22:01:30 -0400

At 6:09 PM -0700 6/27/03, Howard Roth wrote:
>The idea behind this concept is to not modify current software, but provide
>additional stand-alone software that provides sender accountability.   RMX

In what way does this not modify existing software?  The MTAs have to 
be modified to support it, correct?

>Basically, the intent is for this method to be completely transparent to the
>users and therefore have no impact on web-mail services.  I am familiar with
>my web-mail services using Ipswitch mail server software, but there may be
>other issues that you are alluding to that I may not be aware of.

The issue is that people send mail "from" one domain while using the 
mail servers of another.  This is done all the time for perfectly 
legitimate reasons.  Not only is it done on an individual level, it 
is also done regularly in mass commercial mailings (which are sent by 
one company on behalf of another).  Using the "reply to" to 
authenticate breaks all of that.  Yahoo users can only send mail 
using Yahoo's web mail.  Macromedia can't send mail from 
"support@macromedia.com" using mx0's mail servers, and so on.

This can be avoided to some degree if you use the from address in the 
mail envelope, since that can easily be different than the headers. 
However then you need to deal with issues regarding bounces.  In 
addition, no matter which header you choose to use, you need to 
figure out how it will work with mail relayed by a mailing list.

-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
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Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Proposal: Separate ISP(s) for "guaranteed delivery" of email
Message-ID: <20030627222558.A2360@m433>
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 22:25:59 -0400

On Thu, Jun 26, 2003 at 12:30:54AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote

> What about interoperability? How will different email providers
> decided who is responsible for paying what? Also, who will enforce
> such structure?  Postal services of many countries use a UN affiliated
> organization called the International Postal Union which settles
> these matters. Is it good to put control into one body?

  It doesn't have to be one body; it can be several companies.  Say a
consortium which receives 50 cents per email, and the originating
company gets 25 cents per email.  (This will discourage spammers from
playing shell games with fake ISPs).  The average person can obtain
read-only accounts, with an option to send one-off emails for a dollar
each.   It will complement regular email, not replace it.  Something
along the lines of UPS/Fedex/Purolater.  Too expensive for everyday
correspondence but just right for files that absolutely *HAVE* to get
there.

> What about the issue of spam in Personal email?

  The main reason for my proposal was to provide a reliable alternative
without businesses having to lobby for "must-carry" legislation.  One
size does *NOT* fit all.  The business concept of
guranteed-delivery-come-hell-or-high-water would destroy personal email
if spammers got guaranteed delivery.  The "personal" level of blocking
is anathema to business practices.  Once we ensure that "personal email"
is *NOT* required to be business-level robust, then...
  a) filtering/blocklisting is less likely to be outlawed for "personal
     email" because businesses will have a business alternative
  b) individuals will be more likely to use filters/blocklists if
     businesses they want to deal with do have a reliable alternative.

  I haven't specified the exact mechanism for separation between
"personal email" and "business email".  It'll probably be separate
domains and/or IP addresses.  As another poster on this thread has
pointed out...

> Look at the Automotive industry, for some years they have had closed
> large scale "extranets" in form of ANX, ENX and JNX. Internet-like
> networks with IPSec encryption as standard and trusts between them.
> In US it seems that also Health Care operators have bought access from
> ANX. Set up mail to traverse this net and you can follow the traffic
> in the operator logs, who connected to who for smtp. Disconnect this
> mail from Internet and you have no spam this way.

  So my proposal isn't really 100% original.  It's an extrapolation of
the concept of existing private business networks.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

_______________________________________________
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Subject: [Asrg] 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
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Date: Fri, 27 Jun 2003 22:51:04 -0400

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------62BEAB29EF5EE2F09945EB32
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

This proposal is designed to deal with the problem of malware
afflicted sending/relaying mail to internet hosts directly.

Unlike the DMP/SPF proposals, it does not modify the envelope or
require changes to SMTP.

I missed the June 23 cut off for internet-drafts submission, so the
actual submission of this document will happen on or after July 18.


Raymond S Brand
--------------62BEAB29EF5EE2F09945EB32
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1;
 name="draft-brand-drip-00.txt"
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Network Working Group                                        R. S. Brand
Internet-Draft                                                L. Sherzer
Expires: December 23, 2003                                 June 24, 2003


               Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
                        draft-brand-drip-00.txt

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other
   groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://
   www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December 23, 2003.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
   name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
   mail as a domain name. The protocol provides a method for server MTAs
   to reject SMTP connections from IP addresses not authorized to use a
   domain name.











Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003                [Page 1]
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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   1.2 Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4

   2.  Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5

   3.  Designating Relays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   3.1 Designation Record Template  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   3.2 Default Designation Records  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   3.3 IPv4 Designation Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   3.4 IPv6 Designation Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   3.5 Designation Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9

   4.  MTA Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   4.1 DRIP Authorization Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   4.2 DRIP Status Determination  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   4.3 DRIP Status Meanings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   4.4 MTA Operation Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

   5.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

       Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

       Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

       Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

   A.  Dictatorial Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

   B.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

       Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 19

















Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003                [Page 2]
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1. Introduction

   The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
   name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
   mail as a domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands. The
   protocol provides a method for server MTAs to reject SMTP connections
   from IP addresses not authorized to use the domain name given in the
   SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.

1.1 Motivation

   Source verification information transmitted as part of a mail
   message, such as digital signatures, can permit MTAs, MDAs, and MUAs
   to verify that a messages is associated with a sender or gateway.
   However, those methods do not prevent malware authors from:

   o  Embedding a verifiable (signed) message in the malware.

   o  Embedding a verifier generator (private key) in the malware.

   Either technique permits malware afflicted machines to send
   verifiable messages.

   DRIP is designed to force malware authors to send the malware
   generated mail through the relays the afflicted systems are already
   configured and authorized use. Operators of those relays are very
   likely to have an existing relationship with the operators of the
   afflicted systems and can act to limit the damage to the internet
   caused by the malware.






















Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003                [Page 3]
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1.2 Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

   DNS
      Domain Name System. See [RFC1034] and [RFC1035].

   IPv4
      Internet Protocol version 4.

   IPv6
      Internet Protocol version 6.

   ISP
      Internet Service Provider.

   Malware
      Malicious software. See [RFC2828].

   MDA
      Mail Delivery Agent.

   Mail Relay
      See MTA.

   MTA
      Mail Transfer Agent.

   MUA
      Mail User Agent.

   Relay
      See MTA.

   SMTP
      Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. See [RFC2821]

   Standardese
      A peculiar dialect employed by authors of standards.










Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003                [Page 4]
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2. Overview

   Domain name owners identify and record the IP addresses that are
   authorized to relay mail as their domain name. How the IP addresses
   are identified is beyond the scope of this document, but will likely
   involve consultation with the postmaster for the domain name. The IP
   address authorization records are recorded in DNS as described in
   Section 3.

   Server MTAs verify the domain name the client MTA submitted as
   identification, by querying for the IP address authorization records
   recorded by the domain name owner. Based on the result of the query,
   the server MTA can determine if the domain name is a DRIP
   participant. If the domain name is a DRIP participant, the result of
   the query will also indicate if the IP address of the client is
   authorized to use the domain name to relay mail. Section 4 specifies
   the operation of server MTAs following this protocol.


































Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003                [Page 5]
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3. Designating Relays

   Domain name owners record the designated relays by adding a
   specifically formatted DNS record for each IP address that is
   authorized to use a domain name in the SMTP HELO or EHLO commands.
   Default records are also added to indicate DRIP participation by the
   domain name, and that the IP address used in the query is NOT
   authorized to use the domain name to relay mail.

3.1 Designation Record Template

   The template for the DNS records is:

      ${IPS}.${IPV}.relays._email_.${DOMAIN}.   IN   ${TYPE}   ${IP}

   With:

   ${IPS}
      The textual representation of the IP address.

   ${IPV}
      The textual representation of the IP protocol version used.

   ${DOMAIN}
      The domain name used in the SMTP HELO or EHLO commands.

   ${TYPE}
      The DNS record type corresponding to the IP protocol version of
      the IP address.

   ${IP}
      The IP address.

   See [RFC2782] for a discussion of the need for the underscores.

















Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003                [Page 6]
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3.2 Default Designation Records

   The following default or "wildcard" records are added for each domain
   name and defined IP protocol version. These records, when returned as
   a result of a DRIP query, indicate DRIP participation by the domain
   name and that IP address used in the query is NOT authorized to use
   the domain name in the SMTP HELO or EHLO commands.

      *.${IPV}.relays._email_.${DOMAIN}.   IN   ${TYPE}   ${IPZ}

   Where ${IPZ} depends on the IP protocol version.

   A default record returned as the result of a DRIP query is identified
   by the value of the record, ${IPZ}, which is defined for each IP
   protocol version and corresponds to the "unspecified address".

   Both IPv4 and IPv6 default designation records SHOULD be added for
   each domain name.

3.3 IPv4 Designation Records

   For IP version 4 addresses, the following applies:

   ${IPS}
      Textual representation of the IPv4 address of the Designated Relay
      in "dotted quad", also known as "dotted decimal", notation. This
      textual representation was chosen to be easy for both the wetware
      components and the software components to implement the protocol.

      The textual representation of the IPv4 loopback address,
      127.0.0.1, is

         127.0.0.1

   ${IPV}
      "IPv4".

   ${TYPE}
      "A".

   ${IP}
      The IP address of the the Designated Relay.

   ${IPZ}
      "0.0.0.0", the IPv4 "unspecified address". Chosen because it can
      not be a valid client IP address when used with TCP.





Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003                [Page 7]
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3.4 IPv6 Designation Records

   For IP version 6 addresses, the following applies:

   ${IPS}
      Textual representation of the IPv6 address of the Designated Relay
      formatted as a sequence of 8 16bit words separated by dots. Each
      word is represented by 4 hexadecimal digits. The words and the
      hexadecimal digits of a word are in network byte order. This IPv6
      address representation is similar to the representation in
      [RFC3513] except that the colons have been replaced with dots, and
      that leading zeros MUST be included. This textual representation
      was chosen to be easy for both the wetware components and the
      software components to implement the protocol.

      The textual representation of the IPv6 loopback address, ::1, is:

         0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0001

      The textual representation of the IPv6 address 2002:c000:201::1234
      is:

         2002.c000.0201.0000.0000.0000.0000.1234

   ${IPV}
      "IPv6".

   ${TYPE}
      "AAAA".

   ${IP}
      The IP address of the the Designated Relay.

   ${IPZ}
      "::", the IPv6 "unspecified address". Chosen because it can not be
      a valid client IP address when used with TCP.

   MTAs with IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses [RFC3513] SHOULD also have
   an IPv4 DRIP record for the IPv4 part of each IPv4-compatible IPv6
   address.











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3.5 Designation Examples

3.5.1 Designation Example 1

   The owner of the domain name EXAMPLE.COM would add the following DNS
   records to the EXAMPLE.COM zone to indicate that the domain name
   EXAMPLE.COM is NOT valid for use in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.

      Default Designation Records:

         *.IPv4.relays._email_.EXAMPLE.COM.     IN    A      0.0.0.0

         *.IPv6.relays._email_.EXAMPLE.COM.     IN    AAAA   ::

      IPv4 Designation Records:

         None.

      IPv6 Designation Records:

         None.


3.5.2 Designation Example 2

   The owner of the domain name M.EXAMPLE.COM would add the following
   DNS records to the M.EXAMPLE.COM zone to indicate that ONLY the IPv4
   addresses 192.0.2.10, 192.0.2.11, and 127.0.0.1 are authorized to use
   the domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.

      Default Designation Records:

         *.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.    IN    A      0.0.0.0

         *.IPv6.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.    IN    AAAA   ::

      IPv4 Designation Records:

         192.0.2.10.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.10

         192.0.2.11.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.11

         127.0.0.1.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.   IN A  127.0.0.1

      IPv6 Designation Records:

         None.




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4. MTA Operation

   Server MTAs use the IP address of the client MTA from the SMTP
   connection and the domain name, which the client submitted as
   identification in the SMTP HELO or EHLO command, to verify that the
   IP address is authorized to use the domain name to relay mail. The
   process for doing this is:

   1.  Attempt to retrieve the DRIP authorization record for the IP
       address and the domain name via DNS.

   2.  Examine the result of the DNS retrieval attempt to determine the
       DRIP status.

   3.  Continue or terminate the SMTP transaction based on the DRIP
       status.

   DRIP authorization checks may be deferred until the MAIL command in
   the SMTP transaction or not be performed at all for SMTP transactions
   where relay authorization schemes are used. Examples of relay
   authorization schemes are, an ISP's use of the client's IP address to
   allow only the ISP's customers to relay; or a corporate server MTA
   using SMTP AUTH to allow roaming senders to relay.

4.1 DRIP Authorization Retrieval

   The DRIP authorization record to retrieve is the DNS record, as
   described in Section 3.1, corresponding to the IP address and domain
   name that the client MTA identified itself as.

   IPv6 server MTAs MUST perform the DRIP authorization retrieval using
   the IPv4 address of the "IPv4-mapped IPv6 address" [RFC3513] when
   clients connect from IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses.

4.2 DRIP Status Determination

   A successful retrieval of a single record of the appropriate type
   with the IP address in the record matching the IP address of the
   client has a DRIP status of DRIP_OK. The requirement that the IP
   address in the authorization record be the IP address of the client,
   is to prevent malware authors from easily designating the entire IP
   address space as authorized to relay as a given domain name.

   A successful retrieval of a single record of the appropriate type
   with the IP address in the record not matching the IP address of the
   client has a DRIP status of DRIP_NOT_OK.





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   Any type of temporary DNS retrieval or network failure has a DRIP
   status of DRIP_TEMP_FAIL.

   Any other type of DNS result, such as a permanent error, multiple
   records retrieved, retrieved record not of the correct record type,
   etc., has a DRIP status of DRIP_UNKNOWN.

4.3 DRIP Status Meanings

   The DRIP statuses have the following meanings:

   DRIP_OK
      This indicates that the IP address of the client is one of the
      authorized IP addresses for the domain name to use to relay mail.
      The SMTP transaction may continue.

   DRIP_NOT_OK
      This indicates that the IP address of the client is not one of the
      authorized IP addresses for the given domain name to use to relay
      mail. The SMTP transaction SHOULD be terminated with a permanent
      failure, 5XX, reply code.

   DRIP_TEMP_FAIL
      This indicates that the lookup could not be completed at this
      time. The SMTP transaction SHOULD be terminated with a temporary
      failure, 4XX, reply code.

   DRIP_UNKNOWN
      This indicates that the given domain name is not a DRIP
      participant. Local policy of the server MTA determines if the SMTP
      transaction should continue or not.

      A RECOMMENDED local policy is for the server MTA to, iteratively,
      use the parent domain names to perform more DRIP authorization
      retrievals. If any of those retrievals result in either a DRIP_OK
      status or a DRIP_NOT_OK status, the server MTA SHOULD assume that
      the client is NOT authorized to relay mail as the given domain
      name.













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4.4 MTA Operation Examples

   The following examples assume that the DNS records described in
   Section 3.5 exist and that no other DRIP related DNS records exist
   for the domain names used.

4.4.1 MTA Operation Example 1

   A server MTA accepts an SMTP connection from IP address 192.0.2.10
   and the client identifies itself as M.EXAMPLE.COM.

   1.  The server attempts to retrieve the DRIP authorization record

       192.0.2.10.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.10

       via a DNS lookup.

   2.  The DNS lookup retrieves a single A record with the IP address
       192.0.2.10.

   3.  Since only a single record was retrieved, it was of the correct
       type, and IP address in the record is the IP address of the
       client, the DRIP status is DRIP_OK.

   4.  The SMTP transaction continues.


4.4.2 MTA Operation Example 2

   A server MTA accepts an SMTP connection from IP address 192.0.2.99
   and the client identifies itself as S.EXAMPLE.COM.

   1.  The server attempts to retrieve the DRIP authorization record

       192.0.2.99.IPv4.relays._email_.S.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.99

       via a DNS lookup.

   2.  The DNS lookup results in a "Name Error", indicating that the
       record does not exist.

   3.  Since the DNS lookup resulted in a permanent lookup error, the
       the DRIP status is DRIP_UNKNOWN and the server uses local policy
       to determine if the SMTP transaction should continue or not.







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   4.  If the server follows the RECOMMENDED local policy of performing
       DRIP authorization retrievals using parent domain names when a
       DRIP status of DRIP_UNKNOWN is encountered, the server attempts
       to retrieve the DRIP authorization record

       192.0.2.99.IPv4.relays._email_.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.99

       via a DNS lookup.

   5.  The DNS lookup retrieves a single A record with the IP address
       0.0.0.0.

   6.  Since only a single record was retrieved, and the record was of
       the correct type, and the IP address in the record is not the IP
       address of the client, the DRIP status is DRIP_NOT_OK.

   7.  Because this was a DRIP authorization retrieval of a parent
       domain and the status is of this retrieval is DRIP_OK or
       DRIP_NOT_OK, the server SHOULD assume that the client is NOT
       authorized to relay mail as the given domain name.

   8.  The server terminates the SMTP transaction with a permanent
       failure, 5XX, reply code.


4.4.3 MTA Operation Example 3

   A server MTA accepts an SMTP connection from IP address
   ::FFFF:C000:263 and the client identifies itself as S.EXAMPLE.COM.

   Because the IP address of the client is the IPv4-mapped IPv6 address
   of 192.0.2.99, the server MUST perform the same operations as in
   Section 4.4.2.


















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5. Security Considerations

   This method relies on DNS to verify relay authorization and as such
   is vulnerable to the security issues of DNS. However, this is no
   different than mail, in general, being vulnerable to DNS security
   issues. Sites concerned about this should investigate implementing
   [RFC2401] and/or [RFC2535].

   A likely, and intended, response of malware authors to wide spread
   adoption of DRIP is to search afflicted systems for MUA settings and
   use the configured gateways, and possibly identities and credentials,
   to mail their payloads. It is hoped that the gateway operators will
   notice the undesirable traffic and be able to do something about it.
   The gateway operators already have a relationship with the
   operator(s) of the afflicted systems and are in a much better
   position, than the internet at large, to be able to correct the
   problem.

   DRIP is intended and designed to help protect your systems from the
   malware afflicted systems of others. Not to protect your systems from
   your own malware afflicted systems. Sites concerned about this should
   investigate the use of malware detectors on their systems.

   While not a security consideration, DRIP does not provide any
   assurances to the server MTA that the mail being relayed from the
   client is not SPAM; only that the IP address of the client MTA is
   authorized to relay mail as the domain name, the client identified
   itself as, in the SMTP EHLO or HELO command.























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Normative References

   [RFC1035]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
              specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2782]  Gulbrandsen, A., Vixie, P. and L. Esibov, "A DNS RR for
              specifying the location of services (DNS SRV)", RFC 2782,
              February 2000.

   [RFC2821]  Klensin, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 2821,
              April 2001.

   [RFC3513]  Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "Internet Protocol Version 6
              (IPv6) Addressing Architecture", RFC 3513, April 2003.


































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Informative References

   [RFC1034]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities",
              STD 13, RFC 1034, November 1987.

   [RFC1886]  Thomson, S. and C. Huitema, "DNS Extensions to support IP
              version 6", RFC 1886, December 1995.

   [RFC1925]  Callon, R., "The Twelve Networking Truths", RFC 1925,
              April 1996.

   [RFC1983]  Malkin, G., "Internet Users' Glossary", RFC 1983, August
              1996.

   [RFC2401]  Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the
              Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.

   [RFC2535]  Eastlake, D., "Domain Name System Security Extensions",
              RFC 2535, March 1999.

   [RFC2822]  Resnick, P., "Internet Message Format", RFC 2822, April
              2001.

   [RFC2828]  Shirey, R., "Internet Security Glossary", RFC 2828, May
              2000.


Authors' Addresses

   Raymond S Brand
   P.O. Box 100486
   Ft. Lauderdale, FL  33310
   US

   EMail: rsbx@acm.org
   URI:   http://www.RSBX.com/


   Laurence Sherzer
   P.O. Box 5072
   Deerfield Beach, FL  33442
   US

   EMail: laurence@sherzer.net
   URI:   http://www.sherzer.net/






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Appendix A. Dictatorial Powers

   Any measure to control SPAM, if it is to be effective, must create or
   enhance the power of one or more entities involved in moving email
   from the source to the destination(s).

   The method described in this document enhances the ability of the
   domain name owner to control which MTAs may identify themselves as a
   domain name.










































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Appendix B. Acknowledgments

   The authors gratefully acknowledges the contributions of: Robert M.
   Bownes III, and Richard Rognlie.















































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Intellectual Property Statement

   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
   intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to
   pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
   this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
   might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it
   has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the
   IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and
   standards-related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of
   claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of
   licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to
   obtain a general license or permission for the use of such
   proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can
   be obtained from the IETF Secretariat.

   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
   copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
   rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice
   this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive
   Director.


Full Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.

   This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
   others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
   or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
   and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
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   included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
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   the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
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   The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
   revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assignees.

   This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
   "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
   TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
   BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION



Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003               [Page 19]
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   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


Acknowledgement

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.











































Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003               [Page 20]
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--------------62BEAB29EF5EE2F09945EB32--


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Jun 27 23:26:48 2003
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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
CC: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] SMTP server connections that disconnect right away
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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

> At 11:17 AM 6/27/2003 -0400, Chris Lewis wrote:
>
>> Bill Thorson wrote:
>>
>>> ASRG Group,
>>> I've been working on smtp server software and have
>>> noticed something very strange.  We seem to have many
>>> connections made, mostly at night, who connect to
>>> port 25 and then disconnect right after the
>>> 220 Server Ready message.   I was believing that I
>>> had a bug in my software but now I am wondering if
>>> this is a bot of some type.   Do spammers run bots
>>> to search for and create lists of mail servers to
>>> attack?  Is this what I'm seeing?
>>
>>
>> The SMTP "channel" is unbelievably dirty.
>>
>> On our spamtrap, we see machines making _thousands_ of transactions 
>> that consist of only:
>>         HELO somevalue
>>         QUIT
>
>
> Have you considering the possibility that they are checking for 
> RMX/rDNS compliance?
>
Thanks for all the great ideas.  It looks like I'm not alone with these
types of unusual connections.

What is RMX/rDNS?

Bill




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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 03:47:32 +0000
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My responses are in the body of the message and I will reply to all posts=
=20
through one large post.

This post refers to the 'GIEIS' system shown here at:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

The document is under development and represents a VERY basic overview of=
=20
the system.  Updates will be made to clearly demonstrate the system=20
including algorythmic runthroughs.  All comments, suggestions and weaknes=
ses=20
will be addressed and concerns dealt with.  These will be added to the fi=
nal=20
system and prepared for an Internet Draft.  The next step after that will=
 be=20
for an RFC to be issued for the system.

Thankyou for your feedback, it has been great and very helpful,

Mark McCarron.

>>Email transmission          has several stages, the majority are=20
>>transparent to the end user.
>>
>>1. The Email server          makes a request to begin transmitting by=20
>>logging onto the 'EAS'.
>
>Don't you mean Email client?
>

Mark's response:

No. In that setup it was a spammer server attached through a proxy client=
. =20
But it just as easily could have been.


>
>>2. This is passed to the ISP's 'EAS' which, results in transmission of =
   =20
>>      a graphic with obscured word on it to the client.
>>3. The client enters the word into a prompt and the first email is sent=
   =20
>>       to the 'EAS'.
>
>You make no statement about how often I have to respond to this graphic.=
 =20
>Or how any of this works with automatically generated messages.  My mail=
box=20
>has hundreds of automated messages in it every day--generated by support=
=20
>systems, cron tasks and other automated systems at various machines arou=
nd=20
>the internet.  You can't cut that off.
>

Mark's response:

The graphic is for email clients such as Outlook express and Eudora, etc.=
  A=20
new graphic is downloaded for each email.  The system has no intention of=
=20
stopping legitimate email even automated systems.  They just register wit=
h=20
an 'EAS' provider and all mail is sent through it.  Legitimate businesses=
=20
will have to provide legal company registration details (such as reg.=20
company number, etc).  They receive a special code, upon agreeing to a=20
legally binding 'Terms of Service agreement'.  This code is then register=
ed=20
with the 'GIEIS' central server.  Any breach of the agreement, will resul=
t=20
in services being restricted to that code and any OTHER code held by that=
=20
company.  That company will then have to raise the matter with both its I=
SP=20
and 'GIEIS''s centre.  From there, several resolutions are possible.  A f=
ine=20
can be imposed for the breach, letters of apology to those involved, and =
in=20
severe cases completely stoppage of all email permanantly.



>You keep talking about ISPs as though they are the only people who run m=
ail=20
>servers. You are describing a central database that needs to manage=20
>information about millions of mail servers from countries around the wor=
ld.=20
>  It has to have a dispute mechanism for complaints, and it has the powe=
r=20
>to put any of those companies out of business. What government or compan=
y=20
>would cede that kind of control to an unregulated organization?  Also, y=
ou=20
>have a huge loophole in non-commercial mailing lists.  What keeps spamme=
rs=20
>from repeatedly signing up as non-commercial mailing lists, sending out=20
>millions of messages, and then creating a new list.  Additionally, you h=
ave=20
>vastly underestimated the cost and infrastructure requirements if you th=
ink=20
>you are going to have money left over.
>

Mark's response:

Excellent points.  Let's deal with the first one, there is millions of ma=
il=20
servers in the world, however, all these mail servers have one thing in=20
common, they are linked to the internet backbone via some form of ISP.  T=
his=20
is why I am referring to ISPs.  Therefore, we take this common point and=20
utilise it.  They must register their server with their ISP's 'EAS' and i=
t=20
registers it with 'GIEIS'.  Straight-forward enough.  There will be a ful=
l=20
dispute mechanism between all involved parties and the system will be an=20
independant body.  If set up in partnership with the largest email and IS=
P=20
providers, then the rest of the industry would be assured of its reputati=
on,=20
furthermore, the system must operate within legal boundries.  Mailing lis=
ts=20
must be associated with a bonafide website, also they must contact 'GIEIS=
'=20
directly for setup.  A credit card will be required and a $1 (=A31) charg=
e=20
will be made to it.  Also, a mailing adress and telephone contact=20
information would be required.  They will receive a written copy of the=20
'Terms of Service' which they must sign and send back to 'GIEIS'.  Upon=20
reception 'GIEIS' will implement the account with their ISP.  The emails=20
then sent will be analysed by heuristics.  Each message will also be pars=
ed=20
for HTML code, such as IMAGE tags and jpg, bmp images.  As the majority o=
f=20
mailing systems use either ASCII or UNICODE text only, spam can be detect=
ed,=20
blocked and the offender's credit card billed with a fine.  I have not=20
placed estimates on the cost of implementation.  The industry is loosing =
$12=20
Billion a year, even if the partnership spent $1 Billion per year (an=20
outragous amount) they would still be saving $11 Billion.  The 'beancount=
er'=20
(accountants) would love that.



>And of course, it suffers from the standard adoption system.  Until the=20
>majority of the world is using the system, you can't block email that=20
>doesn't use it.  Therefore early adopters have to suffer through the maj=
or=20
>pain of using the system, but get no benefit.

Mark's response:

True.  However, there will most likely be a period of introduction, for=20
example 6 months.  Then there will be a D-Day from which point, the syste=
m=20
becomes exclusive.  This will force the rest of the industry to adopt or=20
face not being able to communicate with other networks.  The result of=20
non-compliance would be the loss of their customer base.



You missed a couple:

It locks out the seriously visually impaired.
There is no part of this concept, nor in the combination,
that is "new" in the sense that it hasn't been
raised previously.

Mark's response:

This is addressed in the FAQ.  There are several methods to help both the=
=20
blind and severely visually impaired.  We have not forgot about this high=
ly=20
important client base.  Such as a simple puzzle in brail, something that=20
would be difficult to automate for but simple enough for a human to do.

Mark McCarron.

_________________________________________________________________
Get Hotmail on your mobile phone http://www.msn.co.uk/msnmobile


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Editorial on spam by Bill Gates
Message-ID: <20030628000311.B2360@m433>
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 00:03:11 -0400

On Tue, Jun 24, 2003 at 06:55:25PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote

>  > None of the O/S platforms in use today scores well on the security front.
> 
> Nonsense, several score quite well if just reasonably configured and
> administered (and I don't mean heroics.)

  I agree 100% with this, but it's really a motherhood statement.
Today's major problem is newbies.  They want to *USE* their computers,
not *ADMINISTER* them.  Actually, they *DON'T KNOW* how to administer
systems.  The question we should be asking is not how safe a
well-administered system is; rather, how safe is a system out-of-the-box
for an end-user not running any public servers?  In that category, Mac
wins hands-down.  After I install Redhat Linux, I run "netstat -tupan"
and use the output to tell me which services need to be shut down.
After I've finished that and set up a paranoid iptables firewall behind
an equally paranoid firewall ruleset on my Netgear router, my linux box
is right up there with a Mac in terms of compromise resistance.

> The problem is there is nothing you can do with any current windows
> system to make it secure from viruses, short of active avoidance
> (shut it off and it won't ever get a virus, proceed from there to
> your risk comfort level.)

  Agreed.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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To: ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Viruses
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 00:26:17 -0400

On Tue, Jun 24, 2003 at 01:32:22PM -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote

> ALL operating systems are vulnerable to viruses, as long as the
> systems are user-programmable (or program-extensible).  OK, your
> digital watch, your microwave oven (probably), and your laser printer
> probably aren't vulnerable to viruses.  But that's because nobody
> else can much change their code, either.
> 
> > Other operating systems, or at least late-releases (e.g., Max OSX),
> are not susceptible to viruses.
> 
> And just what is the "magic bullet" that you think magically makes
> those systems "not susceptible"?  I don't believe that there IS such
> a magic bullet.

  Because they *DON'T AUTO-EXECUTE EMAIL*.  Yeah, there's been a patch
out for a while, but each time somebody's Windows crashes, and they
re-install, they're back to square 1.  Unixes used to have backtick
expansion enabled in mailcap.  It was determined to be "not a good
thing" and was depracated.  Windows comes with "Windows Scripting Host"
enabled.  And even if you delete it, most 3rd-party programs' install
routines will install a copy to facilitate the install script.  Of
course the installer leaves the scripting host installed.

> And in particular, a WORD macro virus (for instance) which works on
> a Windows-based OS will probably work on a Mac-based OS too... since
> the level of abstraction provided by the macro facility SPECIFICALLY
> shields the executing macro from vagaries based on the underlying OS.

  Not on AbiWord for linux, it won't execute.

> The better solution is really to put restrictions in place on
> incoming material (and E-mail is our focus here) such that potentially
> dangerous executable stuff (and in practice, this means ActiveX-type
> stuff, scripting, and potentially malicious attachments) simply
> aren't allowed to be delivered unless they come from pre-arranged
> (or post-permitted, maybe), _trusted_ people who we EXPECT such type
> of stuff to come from.

  Howsabout the OS not allowing users to execute attachments from inside
email.  Beyond this, what about *AUTO_EXECUTION OF ATTACHMENTS* ?

> I got a spam just a day or two ago shilling for a porn site and
> crowing about how "no credit card required".  The link said,
> in essence, "to connect to this site directly using your modem,
> CLICK HERE."  Under the concealment of the HTML, the link pointed
> to a URL of .exe type.  Most lusers wouldn't realize (of course)
> the implication of the (truthful) prompt... that the executable was
> planning to hang up the person's Internet connection through their
> local ISP, then redial on the user's modem to a 900-type international
> telephone number at staggering per-minute charges, which will of
> course bill to the luser's phone bill to arrive a month later.

  Windows *BY DEFAULT* displays an attachment named "Loveletter.txt.vbs"
as "Loveletter.txt".  *EVEN IF YOU TURN OFF THE OPTION TO HIDE
EXTENSIONS* .lnk and .pif *WILL STILL BE HIDDEN*, unless you get into
some registry hacking that is beyond the ability of the average user.
We pound away at users not to execute executable attachments, and they
think that clicking on a *.GIF or *.JPEG is OK.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 04:44:29 +0000

Perhaps you should examine the 'GIEIS' system located here at:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necroplis

And also refer to ASRG - The Solution to Spam - The First Response.

This system would kill off the majority of email based attacks on 
unsuspecting users.

I would appreciate your comments,

Mark McCarron.


>From: Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
>To: ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Viruses
>Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 00:26:17 -0400
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>
>On Tue, Jun 24, 2003 at 01:32:22PM -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote
>
> > ALL operating systems are vulnerable to viruses, as long as the
> > systems are user-programmable (or program-extensible).  OK, your
> > digital watch, your microwave oven (probably), and your laser printer
> > probably aren't vulnerable to viruses.  But that's because nobody
> > else can much change their code, either.
> >
> > > Other operating systems, or at least late-releases (e.g., Max OSX),
> > are not susceptible to viruses.
> >
> > And just what is the "magic bullet" that you think magically makes
> > those systems "not susceptible"?  I don't believe that there IS such
> > a magic bullet.
>
>   Because they *DON'T AUTO-EXECUTE EMAIL*.  Yeah, there's been a patch
>out for a while, but each time somebody's Windows crashes, and they
>re-install, they're back to square 1.  Unixes used to have backtick
>expansion enabled in mailcap.  It was determined to be "not a good
>thing" and was depracated.  Windows comes with "Windows Scripting Host"
>enabled.  And even if you delete it, most 3rd-party programs' install
>routines will install a copy to facilitate the install script.  Of
>course the installer leaves the scripting host installed.
>
> > And in particular, a WORD macro virus (for instance) which works on
> > a Windows-based OS will probably work on a Mac-based OS too... since
> > the level of abstraction provided by the macro facility SPECIFICALLY
> > shields the executing macro from vagaries based on the underlying OS.
>
>   Not on AbiWord for linux, it won't execute.
>
> > The better solution is really to put restrictions in place on
> > incoming material (and E-mail is our focus here) such that potentially
> > dangerous executable stuff (and in practice, this means ActiveX-type
> > stuff, scripting, and potentially malicious attachments) simply
> > aren't allowed to be delivered unless they come from pre-arranged
> > (or post-permitted, maybe), _trusted_ people who we EXPECT such type
> > of stuff to come from.
>
>   Howsabout the OS not allowing users to execute attachments from inside
>email.  Beyond this, what about *AUTO_EXECUTION OF ATTACHMENTS* ?
>
> > I got a spam just a day or two ago shilling for a porn site and
> > crowing about how "no credit card required".  The link said,
> > in essence, "to connect to this site directly using your modem,
> > CLICK HERE."  Under the concealment of the HTML, the link pointed
> > to a URL of .exe type.  Most lusers wouldn't realize (of course)
> > the implication of the (truthful) prompt... that the executable was
> > planning to hang up the person's Internet connection through their
> > local ISP, then redial on the user's modem to a 900-type international
> > telephone number at staggering per-minute charges, which will of
> > course bill to the luser's phone bill to arrive a month later.
>
>   Windows *BY DEFAULT* displays an attachment named "Loveletter.txt.vbs"
>as "Loveletter.txt".  *EVEN IF YOU TURN OFF THE OPTION TO HIDE
>EXTENSIONS* .lnk and .pif *WILL STILL BE HIDDEN*, unless you get into
>some registry hacking that is beyond the ability of the average user.
>We pound away at users not to execute executable attachments, and they
>think that clicking on a *.GIF or *.JPEG is OK.
>
>--
>Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
>Email users are divided into two classes;
>1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
>2) Those who wish they did
>
>_______________________________________________
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>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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>> There was some more fundamental (but probably premature)
>discussion of "consent" early in the life this group.

> The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from Gordon's HTML 
blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that. 

I think that my approach, with sender/recipient-pair-based permissions list and 
a (perhaps multi-stage) transition strategy as I suggested would clearly make a 
big reduction in spam volume (bytes at least), and the system is simple enough 
that users could understand and deal with it.

I think it's a big bonus that it (the SAME mechanism) also would take a big 
chunk out of viruses/worms/trojans (and I spent the last half of today 
disinfecting three systems at one of my consulting clients... all three systems 
had multiple infections of Bugbear and Klez... several variants of each).  

I also like the fact that my approach doesn't require a global consensus or even 
a "standard" for how to implement it.  It can be implemented on an ISP-by-ISP 
basis incrementally.

> If discussion of consent is premature at the moment, 

Why would it be "premature" if in fact it is the MOST practical, the MOST 
effective, the MOST implementable and the MOST comprehensible of the proposals 
we've been discussing?

> what should we be looking at right now? 

I think we should be looking at (1) finding ISPs interested in pursuing 
implementation of early prototypes of these systems, and (2) discussing the idea 
with Microsoft and AOL and Netscape, as those three companies have the most to 
do with the defaulting to sending bulky HTML-burdened E-mail.

> In general, what directions should the group be pursuing at the moment? As 
it appears rights now, there are mainly various discussions about 
everything under the sun, but no concrete sense of direction at all.

*I* certainly have a sense of direction.

But again, we can *expect* that getting concurrence is going to be like herding 
cats... that's precisely why I feel we *must* have a scheme which can be 
implemented WITHOUT requiring standards or global consensus.  I just don't think 
we should expect to have that.

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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On Thu, Jun 26, 2003 at 01:14:09PM +0000, Andrew Akehurst wrote

> Would you envisage this involving the creation of a separate
> network in parallel with the internet (along the lines of ANX,
> ENX etc. mentioned recently)? If so, how (if at all) would such a
> system connect with the existing internet infrastructure?

  It would have to either be physically on the internet, or at least
gatewayed to the internet, so that ordinary end-users could access
inboxes on the system (POP over ssh, webmail over ssl, whatever).

> Given the well-known problems of identifying the true sender when
> SMTP is used, it seems likely that a different protocol with better
> authentication would required to avoid the possibility of a rogue
> organisation sending messages at someone else's expense or claiming
> to originate from some address other than the true sender. If so,
> it would be appropriate to consider what properties such a protocol
> ought to have.

  The one item that's very difficult to forge right now is the IP
address of the sending MTA.  Most businesses have static IP addresses.
That, plus a paid-up account with sending privileges would be necessary
to log on as a sender.

> I'm curious to know how the new business e-mail system would interact
> with Joe Public. You say that the public could have free read-only
> accounts, which I assume would have a separate address from the
> personal email system.
> 
> Suppose I sign up for such an account and am given an e-mail address
> "andrew@freebie.net"

  The general public would only need a read-only account.  Something
more like AndrewAkehurst@readonly.bad.example.com.

> Does this mean that when I give a company an address to contact me,
> I would give them my "andrew@freebie.net" address? I guess that all
> business contacts between customer and company would ultimately be
> through this new business e-mail system.

  As I mentioned earlier in another posting, this system will be
complementary to, not a replacement for personal email.  Think of
Fedex/UPS/Purolater; too expensive for everyday use, but when a file
*HAS* to get there...

> At the moment, all businesses and individuals use the same shared
> e-mail system. When this new business e-mail system comes into being,
> what will persuade businesses to switch to using it? Is it the pure
> economic argument about differentiation of services by providing
> tracked, guaranteed delivery within that network?

  That's what I expect.

> If such a network had extra features too, such as use of encryption
> and digital signatures to provide confidentiality and non-repudiation
> then I can imagine it would appear very attractive to corporate
> users. Perhaps I've answered this question myself, but I'd like to
> hear your answer. :-)

  "The customer is always right"... especially if they're a mult-billion
dollar multi-national.

> Assuming that some companies do take up the new business e-mail
> system, there seems to be nothing that would force all other companies
> to do the same. What effect do you believe (in the short to medium
> term) this scheme would have on sending of spam over the existing
> e-mail system?
> 
> If Mr Spammer wishes to continue sending me junk, surely he will just
> stay on the existing personal internet using SMTP with all of the
> problems that we see today. How would life for the existing e-mail
> recipient improve by the creation of a separate business network?

  Now that spam has been recognized, filtering/blocking has been taken
seriously, and it is starting to work.  And the pigs are squealing.
Just take a look at http://www.jamspam.org/home or as it's
"affectionately" known in some circles, the "Jam-Spam-Down-Your-Throat"
consortium.

> In addition to that measure, if the ISP that furnishes IP addresses
> to the alleged offenders doesn't take action, then the blacklist
> providers engage in extortion by adding that ISP and its entire
> range of IP addresses to their blacklists. Then, the blacklist
> providers shift the responsibility of conforming to that blacklist
> to the next upstream ISP and so on. The thinking is that if an ISP
> is not part of the solution, then it must be part of the problem.
> 
> As a result of this mafia-like protection racket, thousands of
> ISPs are having "cooperation" extorted from them by the blacklist
> providers. In the process of cooperating with blacklist providers
> that are not answerable to any authority, ISPs are blocking SMTP
> traffic from systems that have not been professionally verified to
> be sources of spam.

  The "Email Service Providers Consortium" (ESPC) ( Membership list at
http://www.networkadvertising.org/espc/members.asp ) is whining about
15% of "legitimate commercial email" not reaching its destination.
Let's just say that my definition of "legitimate" is quite different
from theirs.  Looking at the membership list, you'll see many well-known
spammers-in-pinstripe-suits, several of whom have sued their way off of
MAPS list.

  And Bill Gates is joining in the chorus for banning blocking of spam.
If you don't believe me, just look at his own words at...
http://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/execmail/2003/06-24antispam-print.asp

> Self-regulation needs to be supported by strong federal legislation
> that empowers consumers without threatening the vitality of legitimate
> e-commerce. Our proposal is to create a regulatory "safe harbor"
> status for senders who comply with guidelines. The guidelines would
> be subject to approval by the Federal Trade Commission. Compliance
> would be confirmed by a self-regulatory body. Senders who do not
> comply would have to insert an "ADV:" label, for advertisement,
> in the subject line of all unsolicited commercial e-mail.
> 
> Computer users could then customize their spam filters to either
> accept "ADV:"-labeled mail or automatically delete it. Enabling
> consumers to regain control of their inboxes in this way would
> dramatically reduce the volume of spam by creating strong incentives
> for businesses to make sure their communications are consistent with
> best-practices guidelines developed by industry itself

  That's right.  He wants everybody to filter on "ADV:".  But certain
companies who click their heels, dance thrice widdershins around a
faerie-circle, and declare themselves to be really-really-really opt-in
wouldn't be required to use "ADV:" in their spam^H^H^H^H important
consumer information.  And since ISPs would only be allowed to filter on
"ADV:" those certain companies would be guaranteed access to your inbox.
Unless filtering/blocking is outlawed, spam will be a problem of the
past.

> Given what you say here, there must be some kind of linkage
> between the two e- mail systems. How do you propose to identify
> (and distinguish between) personal ISP users and business ISP users?
> 
> Would business e-mail customers be recognised by IP address

  That would be the easiest, most effective way of doing things.  IP
address is extremely difficult to forge in TCP packets, especially if
the receciving MTA runs an OS that makes a half-decent attempt at
randomizing TCP sequence numbers.

> Furthermore, how do you envisage messages would travel between the
> two e-mail systems? Your comments above imply the use of SMTP to
> ultimately deliver messages to end-users on the residential network,
> but I assume you're being careful to avoid design decisions about
> what would be used to send e-mail in the opposite direction.

  I would have the public have read-only email accounts, accessable via
POP over ssh, or webmail over ssl, or some other method of access.
There would be no need to use SMTP for the final step.  Since personal
email is, by definition, not business-level-robust, it can't be used for
guaranteed delivery.

> Would a business be allowed to send messages from the business
> e-mail network to the residential one? It's a very important feature,
> since how else could a business answer customer queries?

  No.  The business could communicate via ordinary (personal) email if
it chose to do so.  The business network would be used to send email to
the consumer's free, read-only email account on a business ISP.  From
his home ISP, the customer could secure-link to the business ISP.  The
whole rationale behind business ISPs is that personal email is
unreliable.  Sending email from the business network to the regular
network defeats the whole purpose of business ISPs.  Let me repeat.  The
business ISP is *NOT* intended for casual queries, etc.  It is intended
for guaranteed delivery of emails when it's considered important enough
that the sender is willing to pay.

> Would they simply send responses to the customer's free read-only
> address on the business network? If so, there still needs to be some
> way in which that customer could conveniently read the messages sent
> to that address; those messages must somehow be delivered to their
> final recipient.

  The average Windows user would have another icon on their desktop.
Once connected to their regular ISP, they would click on that extra
icon, and access POPmail at the business ISP.  Some form of encryption
or tunneling or secure access would be required, but it could be
automated.  Other OSs would have similar connections.  I'm simply using
the most common OS as an example.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

_______________________________________________
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 06:50:45 +0000

As most of you know I have been posting here regarding the 'GIEIS' email 
protection system.  Well, wait until you hear what has happened.  Suddenly, 
ALL my email accounts are CANCELED, both MSN Hotmail and ICQMail and the 
site I had up now produces a 404 not found message.  The files are STILL 
there, only they cannot be viewed across the internet.

Anybody got ANY ideas as to what is going on???  My ISP is NTL in the UK and 
they are BLOCKING access to the 'GIEIS' system.

Looks like someone out there is CENSORING the 'GIEIS' system.  I'm going to 
phone my ISP now and find out what excuses they have.  Please check this for 
yourselves by following this link:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

Mark McCarron

_________________________________________________________________
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http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Microsoft and spam
Message-ID: <20030628025931.E2360@m433>
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 02:59:31 -0400

On Thu, Jun 26, 2003 at 10:20:02AM -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote

> Of the 34,740 spam in my 39 day rolling log that were not relay
> probes, 15,025 or 43% had sender domains from among the 784 domains
> listed in http://www.rhyolite.com/anti-spam/freemail.html

  Do you have separate spam stats for where email claiming to be from
service X actually is from service X, versus email claiming to be from
service X actually is from service Y?  At the end of my blocklist rules
I have...

> PIACCEPTTAIL aol.com
> SIREJECTTAIL aol.com I only accept From: @aol.com addresses if the email actually originates from a aol.com server.
> PIACCEPTTAIL hotmail.com
> SIREJECTTAIL hotmail.com I only accept From: @hotmail.com addresses if the email actually originates from a hotmail.com server.
> PIACCEPTTAIL msn.com
> SIREJECTTAIL msn.com I only accept From: @msn.com addresses if the email actually originates from a msn.com server.
> PIACCEPTTAIL yahoo.com
> SIREJECTTAIL yahoo.com I only accept From: @yahoo.com addresses if the email actually originates from a yahoo.com server.

PIACCEPTTAIL => accept email if the tail end of the rDNS matches pattern
SIREJECTTAIL => reject email if the tail end of the sender envelope
                matches pattern

  This is less draconian than blindly rejecting based on envelope
sender.  It still catches spammers, but has a lot fewer false positives.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 07:00:34 +0000

I contacted my ISP and they claimed that the site was blocked because of 
heavy traffic.  Its a free account that comes with a dial-up service.  
Apparantly, it has been getting nearly 1000 hits per hour for the last 10 
hours.  I explained that it was because the contents were to do with a new 
anti-spam system and they agreed to allow as much band-width as needed.

Thankyou NTL, all I have to do now is find out why my email accounts were 
all canceled.

The 'GIEIS' system is now back in public view at:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

Please post your opinions and suggestions about the system to this mailing 
group.

Mark McCarron.

_________________________________________________________________
Sign-up for a FREE BT Broadband connection today! 
http://www.msn.co.uk/specials/btbroadband


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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Microsoft and spam
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 01:13:00 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>

> > Of the 34,740 spam in my 39 day rolling log that were not relay
> > probes, 15,025 or 43% had sender domains from among the 784 domains
> > listed in http://www.rhyolite.com/anti-spam/freemail.html
>
>   Do you have separate spam stats for where email claiming to be from
> service X actually is from service X, versus email claiming to be from
> service X actually is from service Y? 

I don't have "stats".  Instead I wrote a script that ground through
what were at the time 34,740 milter/DCC log files.  It took from each
log file the sender domain as it was handed to the sendmail.cf
Local_check_mail rule and then canonicalized.  Then it `grep`d through
the flat file that generates part of my access_DB.

> ...
>   This is less draconian than blindly rejecting based on envelope
> sender.  It still catches spammers, but has a lot fewer false positives.

For my particular situation, the false positive rate of my blacklist
of free provides is less than 0.05% of all mail sent my direction
and less than 0.5% of legitimate mail.  Your results may vary.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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From: Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Fwd: Major E-mail Delivery for FTC DNCR Launch
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 00:15:32 -0700

At 06:40 PM 6/26/03 -0600, Vernon Schryver wrote:
[...]
>
>I think switching to sender pays is impossible, even if it were
>desirable or practical with some other history.  Except in the
>perverted cases where big advertisers pay big sellers of "eyes,"
>there are insurmountable practical problems in authorization,
>authentication, and general accounting.  Sender pays for email
>makes just as much sense as sender-pays-per-IP-packet, which about
>15 years after it was first pushed, makes even less sense. 
>(Yes, I've heard of peering fees and approximations to "settlements".)
>

I've seen many /technically/ workable sender pays variants.
Here's a simple one that bypasses the need for special accounting;
Place a minimum size on a message of 10 Megabytes.
Any message that is too small, is simply rejected with a
"555 message to small, pad to 10,000,000 bytes".

Note that this is backward compatible with most email clients,
since it's relatively easy to attach a 10 meg file,
and does not require 100% adoption before it works.

(If the reader is a fan of some other "sender pays" variant and
 thinks this is silly, consider for a moment why this is silly, 
 but your pet "sender pays" is not.)


Of course, "technically possible" is not the same as "desirable".
Unless both the sender and the receiver perceive strong benefits
to change, the system will not change.  

I /like/ cheap email, and I'm very much opposed to anything which
might change that.  I do not think I'm alone.
I would hazard a guess that if someone tried to increase the price,
say by legislating a tax, that I would use SMTP on a different
port "just amongst my friends" and it wouldn't take long before
those on the "friends" network encompassed the entire internet.


Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>


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Yakov,

I'll summarize my response based on your points and questions below:

What I'm talking about is that our consent framework define a very, very
general set of standards such that:

1. vendors can develop an anti-spam software module based on whatever
they think is a good idea.

2. this module can be installed/plugged in/inserted/etc such that it
will apply to either the MUA or MTA, depending on how it was  intended.

3. each module can interoperate with both the framework (of course) and
each other. This would allow modules to be installed in "series" or
possibly "parallel" so that several different modules can be stacked to
provide a powerful anti-spam technology.

4. The modules can be controlled by a hierarchical organization starting
w/ the ISP at the highest level, then cascading to the domain, then the
end user.

If we think this is a good idea, then we can take all the different
specific anti-spam approaches that have been proposed so far and go back
and forth between thinking up the framework and thinking up the
modifications that would be required to the existing proposed
technologies.

The framework would primarily define the "bus" or the basic way that
data would be passed from one module to another both for the MTA and MUA
perspective.  The analogy here is we create a "PCI bus" designed to
allow end-users to control email that gets to their inbox and we let
customer need and market forces to create the specific "PCI Cards" that
get plugged into a given email infrastructure.

Does this make sense or am I completely way off in understanding what
we're talking about when we say framework?

Peter Kay
President
TitanKey Software Web: www.titankey.com
The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
=20

>=20
> >I think you've got the beginning of a consent-based=20
> framework. I like=20
> >it. What I'm getting out of this is:
> >
> >A. there exists a plug-in infrastructure that can run on MUA or MTA=20
> >(ISP).
>=20
> Plug-in is not the correct word here, we are seeking to=20
> create a general=20
> framework with details left for specific implementations.
>=20
> >B. each plug-in provides for some type of policy definition,=20
> related to=20
> >the plugins purpose. This can range from filtering to CR to all the=20
> >other methods mentioned below.
>=20
> Each implementation/
>=20
> >C. each plug-in can be configured by a hierarchy. Starting=20
> w/ the ISP=20
> >(for instance), then perhaps a domain-level admin (for corporate=20
> >applications0 and then the end-user.  We can decide on=20
> varying levels=20
> >of defaults or override capability so that for example if an ISP=20
> >whitelists a source, the end-user may have the option to=20
> blacklist it.
>=20
> Are you suggesting that the various implementations should be able to=20
> interoperate? This can be done by defining interoperability=20
> protocols like=20
> the CRI protocol for C/R systems.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> >To me, this reinforces what I've seen over the past few=20
> months on this
> >group:
> >
> >1. no one can agree what spam is. So at the end of the day, the user=20
> >has to have the power to decide. This is in line w/ the charter.
>=20
> Agreed
>=20
> >2. no one technological approach "religion" (i.e. filtering,=20
> C/R, etc)=20
> >is adequate to deal with the general problem of "unwanted email".
>=20
> Agreed.
>=20
> >3. spammers will change their methods as time goes on, so the=20
> >architecture must allow for that.
>=20
> Agreed
>=20
>=20
> >In addition, a consent-based framework allows for multiple=20
> vendors to=20
> >participate. If we can create some sort of "email bus" I=20
> think it has a=20
> >lot of potential.
>=20
> An email bus? Can you explain this?
>=20
>=20
>=20
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
> > > To: asrg@ietf.org
> > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
> > >
> > >
> > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for=20
> consent-based system=20
> > > as per
> > > charter:
> > >
> > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to filter incoming=20
> > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,=20
> and are not
> > > mandated.
> > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging from
> > > banning all email
> > > not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
> > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
> > > whitelist of trusted
> > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
> > > unknown senders.
> > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
> > > the bulk folder,
> > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
> > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
> > > of trusted senders,
> > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
> > > such as digital
> > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
> > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
> > > email from
> > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
> > > inbox unless
> > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
> > > receiving a
> > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
> > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
> > > email coming
> > > from known open relays is blocked.
> > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
> > > encrypted to
> > > protect privacy.
> > >
> > > Any thoughts?
> > >
> > > Yakov
> > >
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > Asrg mailing list
> > > Asrg@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Asrg mailing list
> >Asrg@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>=20
>=20
>=20



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 03:54:17 -0400

On Thu, Jun 26, 2003 at 05:23:25PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote
> I would like to provide a generic proposal for consent-based system as per 
> charter:

  I have an account at clss.net.  They run a modified Qmail that parses a
config file in the user's home directory.  The filter rules are applied
during the SMTP transaction, just after the RCPT: stage.

> 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to filter incoming email. 
> Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs, and are not mandated.

  Yup.  There's a "user friendly" frontend menu.  I prefer to manually
edit the filter file with vim for maximum flexibility.

> 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a whitelist
> of trusted senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist
> of unknown senders.  Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted
> senders go to the bulk folder, and blacklisted senders are either
> in the spam folder or erased.

  Because the blocking takes place during the SMTP transaction, the
sending MTA gets the big 550.  Rejected emails are *NOT* "bounced" to
innocent 3rd parties whose email addresses have been forged by spammers.

  - Whitelisted email goes through with a free pass, regardless of any
    other rules it may trip.

  - Blacklisted email gets a 550 message, in most cases containing a
    pointer to one of my webpages that has a current unfiltered
    temporary alternate email address.  This is a safety net for
    legitimate senders who get caught as collateral damage by the DNSbls
    or other blocking rules I use.  Spammers don't seem to read reject
    messages, so that filter bypass hasn't been abused yet.

  - Greylist... I define to mean that portion of messages that are not
    in my whitelist, but do not trip any of my blocking rules.  Those
    messages are accepted just like regular email.

> 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses of trusted
> senders, but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
> such as digital signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.

  Since clss.net's system makes the decision before the DATA: stage,
this additional stuff is not available.  IP address and rDNS can be
used, however.

> 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such email from 
> trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the inbox unless 
> blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon receiving a 
> positive response automatically whitelist the sender.

  I do it all manually.

> 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as email coming 
> from known open relays is blocked.

  That's what DNSbls are for.  They update as new open relays and
proxies are discovered.  They also automatically de-list with closure.
I do have to manually add/delete countries that I block using the
zz.countries.nerd.dk superzone.  I started off with South Korea, China,
Taiwan, and Nigeria.  As Nigerian scammers realized Nigeria was blocked
to hell and back, they moved to the Netherlands, which I also had to
block.  France and Isreal have recently popped up on my spam radar.

> 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or encrypted
> to protect privacy.

  That may generate a misleading warm fuzzy feeling, but it's useless.
A traffic log of your emails will show what you accept/reject.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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In-Reply-To:  <16124.52439.895213.913633@world.std.com>
Subject: Re: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
To: "Barry Shein"  <bzs@world.std.com>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
Cc: "ASRG" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 13:17:49 +0100

> 
> How is any of this consent/filtering related to the usual IETF purpose
> such as protocol documents (RFCs, etc), network engineering, and not
> just some ad hoc User Interface Engineering?
> 
> 
> It seems to me the consent proposals (getting any attention) thus far
> require no change to any existing protocols or standards, and don't
> seem to imply any new protocols or standards.
> 
> Where in the stack would any of this fit and why does this group need
> to be involved?

It's seems quite likely that distributed consent mechanisms
(by which I mean that policy origination and enforcement
need not occur at the same place) will require publication of new standards
and protocols. If, that is, we're to expect inter-"vendor" applications.
Some mechanisms which support consent (eg C/R) have a strong requirement
for interoperability standards etc.

Equally, there's scope for producing useful documents covering any class of
anti-spam system which need not actually specify protocols: BCP, "Some
considerations regarding..." etc. You'll be aware that many RFCs do not
specify any protocol.







--

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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 27 Jun 2003 18:12:23 EDT."
             <000d01c33cf9$2f661b90$660aa8c0@BOBDEV> 
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 10:41:16 -0400

bob@wyman.us wrote:
> 	I think you're being too extreme in your analysis here. Even if
> the various systems you list are used, there is no reason (except for
> challenge/response) that we need to assume that the failure of a system
> to support one or another method would cause mail to be discarded.

  I meant that such extreme systems would be too expensive to use
(time, effort, money, maintenance...)

  A guiding principle is that the number of transactions goes down
exponentially with the cost of each transaction.  This is why email is
so useful, and spam is so prevelent: email is near zero-cost.

  The anti-spam solutions should be focussing on increasing the costs
of the behaviour which spammers use, and non-spammers don't.

  Alan DeKok.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Jun 28 10:50:37 2003
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] What ISPs do about infected computers? 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 27 Jun 2003 18:42:35 EDT."
             <5.2.0.9.2.20030627184230.00ba6828@solidmatrix.com> 
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 10:48:48 -0400

Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> wrote:
> I recently ran across the following email which came from an ISP responding 
> to a complaint about an infected system on their network issued by DShield 
> (http://www.dshield.org/):
> 
> ---------snip------------
...
> We don't care, the major issue is that we don't want to receive this kind 
> of mail, because we're a large ISP and we have no control about our 
> multiple clients and their Windows systems.
> 
> Your mail was annoying, so we simply filtered it out. We know that many of 
> them are infected even if we don't receive your mail.
> ---------snip------------

  I understand 100%.

  Even 2 years ago, I had big fights with users of anti-spam systems,
who "helpfully" notified me that my domain was being used in the From:
& body of spam.  They were *quite* angry when I told them I didn't
want to see such messages, ("but you may have a bad user at your
domain!"), and that I was the *only* person with an account at that
domain.

  I finally fixed the problem by getting the anti-spam vendors to
quench *all* reports for my domain.


  The solution here is not to send the ISP a notification.  The
solution is to send them a sales rep, who can sell them a 1Gbps switch
with full anti-virus scanning & fuiltering capabilities.  Even if it
costs $100K, they will recuperate that quickly, in fewer support
calls, a more stable network, etc.


  And I think that the root cause of this behaviour (for good or bad)
is that the IETF does not do compliance testing or enforcement.  If
they did, it would be possible to order them removed from the net, as
a non-net-friendly system.  But politics can be massively abused,
which is why the IETF has avoided it until now.

  Alan DeKok.

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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 27 Jun 2003 19:16:30 EDT."
             <16124.53326.946533.799165@world.std.com> 
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 10:58:33 -0400

Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> wrote:
> Um, when have you ever seen a DDOS attack with thousands of computers
> are spewing packets? Do you have an example?

  <raises hand>

> Also, what service is being denied?

  SMTP.

> Except it's not a DDOS attack, except as a broad-sweeping (and useful)
> metaphor.

  It's a DDoS attack.

  For me, it got to the point where I couldn't afford to run sendmail,
as the machine would pretty much lock up.  Once I installed a
non-bloated mailer, the machine became useable again.  Then the spam
load went up by a factor of 10.  So I installed a whitelist filter,
sending ICMP "port unreachable"s for people not on the whitelist.  My
ISP called me, and said I was using too much bandwidth, so I stopped
sending ICMP's.  Then the incoming TCP SYN's from spammers became too
much, and I gave up completely.

  I pointed my MX at Nortel's spam trap at one point.  Half of my spam
went there, and I doubled their spam load for the day.  Unlike them, I
do NOT have 100's of 1000's of dollars to throw at the problem (or
even $1000's), so my ONLY option was to give up on the domain.

  If the only thing you can do in response to spam is give up and walk
away, then it's a DDoS attack.  This is the future of spam for
*everyone*.  I was saying this 3-4 years ago, and almost no on
believed me.  If we don't do SOMETHING to solve the spam problem, then
3-4 years from now, my current problems will seem minor, and NO ONE
will be using email.

  That's the biggest reason why I've been supporting non-perfect
solutions: the options currently available are no email, or a
non-perfect anti-spam system.  Wake up, people...

  Alan DeKok.

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> 
> > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or encrypted
> > to protect privacy.
> 
>   That may generate a misleading warm fuzzy feeling, but it's useless.
> A traffic log of your emails will show what you accept/reject.
> 

Walter, I've said this before, I'll say it again (no doubt) - There is an
important difference here: Traffic logs MAY preserve this information, and
of course many organisations (and many jurisdictions) have retention
policy. These anti-spam systems MUST preserve it (for some "long" time) and
so need to build-in provisions for security / privacy.




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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 11:12:30 -0400

At 10:41 AM 6/28/2003 -0400, Alan DeKok wrote:
>   A guiding principle is that the number of transactions goes down
>exponentially with the cost of each transaction.  This is why email is
>so useful, and spam is so prevelent: email is near zero-cost.
>
>   The anti-spam solutions should be focussing on increasing the costs
>of the behaviour which spammers use, and non-spammers don't.


I must respectfully but strongly disagree. An increase in cost, in general, 
does not focus on the root problem of abuse, but does carry with it a host 
of undesirable artifacts (well covered elsewhere).

It is possible with technical means to drastically reduce the potential for 
abuse without increasing costs (fiduciary or otherwise). The goal should be 
to make spam (and other forms of abuse) impractical rather than simply 
unprofitable.

_M



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 16:19:18 +0100

> away, then it's a DDoS attack.  This is the future of spam for
> *everyone*.  I was saying this 3-4 years ago, and almost no on
> believed me.  If we don't do SOMETHING to solve the spam problem, then
> 3-4 years from now, my current problems will seem minor, and NO ONE
> will be using email.
> 

If no-one is using (receiving) email, why will the spammers
send it?





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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 11:38:59 -0400

At 04:19 PM 6/28/2003 +0100, Jon Kyme wrote:
> > away, then it's a DDoS attack.  This is the future of spam for
> > *everyone*.  I was saying this 3-4 years ago, and almost no on
> > believed me.  If we don't do SOMETHING to solve the spam problem, then
> > 3-4 years from now, my current problems will seem minor, and NO ONE
> > will be using email.
> >
>
>If no-one is using (receiving) email, why will the spammers
>send it?


Perhaps because someone will still be using it (observe usenet) and it will 
be worth throwing away everyone's resources for the opportunity (no matter 
how slight) to reach a potential consumer.

_M



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At 3:47 AM +0000 6/28/03, Mark McCarron wrote:
>The graphic is for email clients such as Outlook=20
>express and Eudora, etc.  A new graphic is=20
>downloaded for each email.  The system has no=20
>intention of stopping legitimate email even=20
>automated systems.  They just register with an=20
>'EAS' provider and all mail is sent through it.=20
>Legitimate businesses will have to provide legal=20
>company registration details (such as reg.=20
>company number, etc).  They receive a special=20
>code, upon agreeing to a legally binding

This list has had this type of discussion before.
Those are approximately the requirements=20
necessary for an SSL certificate.  SSL=20
certificates currently last one year at about=20
$100/cert.  The margins are such that virtually=20
no background checks are done.  And of course=20
there is no revocation, arbitration or=20
verification done for how you use it afterwards.=20
I would guess that, at a minimum, the level of=20
support you are requesting would result in a fee=20
on the order of $1000/year in order to support=20
the necessary infrastructure and support needs.=20
It might be somewhat lower because the volume of=20
sales would be many orders of magnitude higher=20
than SSL certs, but I can't see it being any=20
cheaper.

Additionally you need another class of=20
certification there, and I don't know how you're=20
going to do it.  Mail servers are run by many=20
people, not just "registered" companies.=20
Validating a random individual is even harder=20
than validating companies.  (Never mind what=20
happens when you have someone like a friend of=20
mine, a long-time security expert, who has never=20
owned a credit card in his life.)


>Excellent points.  Let's deal with the first=20
>one, there is millions of mail servers in the=20
>world, however, all these mail servers have one=20
>thing in common, they are linked to the internet=20
>backbone via some form of ISP.  This is why I am=20
>referring to ISPs.  Therefore, we take this=20
>common point and

Yes and no.  There are millions of mail servers.=20
Those mail servers are connected through an=20
"ISP".  However in the case of most company=20
connections that ISP does *not* currently provide=20
email service (or if they do, not at the QoS=20
required by the company).  So you are asking all=20
of those ISPs to start providing a service that=20
they don't currently provide at all, never mind=20
how you are going to integrate that into the=20
company email servers.

>independant body.  If set up in partnership with=20
>the largest email and ISP providers, then the=20
>rest of the industry would be assured of its=20
>reputation,

Let's see.  That would be AOL and Microsoft.  What am I assured of?  :-^

>  furthermore, the system must operate within=20
>legal boundries.  Mailing lists must be=20
>associated with a bonafide website, also they=20
>must contact 'GIEIS'

What is a "bonafide" website, and how do you tell?

>  directly for setup.  A credit card will be=20
>required and a $1 (=A31) charge will be made to=20
>it.  Also, a mailing adress and telephone=20
>contact information would be required.  They=20
>will receive a written copy of the 'Terms of=20
>Service' which they must sign and send back to=20
>'GIEIS'.  Upon reception 'GIEIS' will implement=20
>the account with their ISP.  The emails then=20
>sent will be analysed by heuristics.  Each=20
>message will also be parsed for HTML code, such=20
>as IMAGE tags and jpg, bmp images.  As the=20
>majority of mailing systems use either ASCII or=20
>UNICODE text only, spam can be detected, blocked=20
>and the offender's credit card billed with a=20
>fine.  I have not placed estimates on the cost=20
>of implementation.  The industry is loosing $12=20
>Billion a year, even if the partnership spent $1=20
>Billion per year (an outragous amount) they=20
>would still be saving $11 Billion.  The=20
>'beancounter' (accountants) would love that.

There are several problems here.
=46irst of all, when you see all those numbers=20
about "losing" $12billion, they don't mean that=20
literally.  They are talking about productivity=20
costs and opportunity costs and such.  The "fact"=20
that spam costs $12B does not mean that companies=20
have $12B to spend if it went away.  Furthermore,=20
the costs of spam are spread over millions of=20
people, whereas the costs of your service are=20
focused on a much smaller group of companies.

Also, you need to rethink the scale of the email=20
system.  You are envisioning centralized systems=20
using complicated software to analyze the content=20
of email messages.  First of all--there's no way=20
in hell anyone is going to allow a third party to=20
analyze the content of their email.  Secondly,=20
the existing mail system carries billions of=20
messages a day.  The infrastructure to analyze=20
that kind of flow simply does not exist, nor is=20
likely to.

>True.  However, there will most likely be a=20
>period of introduction, for example 6 months.=20
>Then there will be a D-Day from which point, the=20
>system becomes exclusive.  This will force the=20
>rest of the industry to adopt or face not being=20
>able to communicate with other networks.  The=20
>result of non-compliance would be the loss of=20
>their customer base.

Millions of end users would have to update their=20
software (if it's possible--often, especially in=20
the third world, they may be running machines and=20
operating systems which are no longer supported).=20
Millions of MTAs changed.  ISPs implementing new=20
software that has never been tested.  Entirely=20
new business relationships with all of the ISP=20
clients.  New requirements on how email is=20
routed, with all company email going through=20
centralized servers that didn't exist before.=20
The creation of an extra-govermental organization=20
with the ability to put any company out of=20
business at a whim.

This isn't an anti-spam proposal.  It's something out of George Orwell :-).

>blind and severely visually impaired.  We have=20
>not forgot about this highly important client=20
>base.  Such as a simple puzzle in brail,=20
>something that would be difficult to automate=20
>for but simple enough for a human to do.

Umm.  Blind computer users do not use braille to=20
read the screen.  They use screen readers that=20
read the text to them.  But anyway, I'm sure you=20
could deal with it.

However on the whole, I would say that the=20
proposal is socially, politically, commercially=20
and technically impossible to implement.  It=20
makes incorrect assumptions about how people use=20
email, how they update software, how companies do=20
business, how ISPs do business, how email travels=20
from point a to point b and who sends it.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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The June 24 DRIP document has a problem with the use of DNS
wildcard records. Attached is an updated DRIP document and
a diff of the important changes between the two documents.


Raymond S Brand
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Network Working Group                                        R. S. Brand
Internet-Draft                                                L. Sherzer
Expires: December 27, 2003                                 June 28, 2003


               Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
                        draft-brand-drip-00.txt

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other
   groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://
   www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December 27, 2003.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
   name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
   mail as a domain name. The protocol provides a method for server MTAs
   to reject SMTP connections from IP addresses not authorized to use a
   domain name.











Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 1]
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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   1.2 Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4

   2.  Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5

   3.  Designating Relays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   3.1 Designation Record Template  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   3.2 Default Designation Records  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   3.3 IPv4 Designation Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   3.4 IPv6 Designation Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   3.5 Designation Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9

   4.  MTA Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   4.1 DRIP Authorization Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   4.2 DRIP Status Determination  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   4.3 DRIP Status Meanings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   4.4 MTA Operation Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

   5.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

       Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

       Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

       Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

   A.  Dictatorial Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

   B.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

       Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 19

















Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 2]
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1. Introduction

   The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
   name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
   mail as a domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands. The
   protocol provides a method for server MTAs to reject SMTP connections
   from IP addresses not authorized to use the domain name given in the
   SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.

1.1 Motivation

   Source verification information transmitted as part of a mail
   message, such as digital signatures, can permit MTAs, MDAs, and MUAs
   to verify that a messages is associated with a sender or gateway.
   However, those methods do not prevent malware authors from:

   o  Embedding a verifiable (signed) message in the malware.

   o  Embedding a verifier generator (private key) in the malware.

   Either technique permits malware afflicted machines to send
   verifiable messages.

   DRIP is designed to force malware authors to send the malware
   generated mail through the relays the afflicted systems are already
   configured and authorized use. Operators of those relays are very
   likely to have an existing relationship with the operators of the
   afflicted systems and can act to limit the damage to the internet
   caused by the malware.






















Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 3]
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1.2 Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

   DNS
      Domain Name System. See [RFC1034] and [RFC1035].

   IPv4
      Internet Protocol version 4.

   IPv6
      Internet Protocol version 6.

   ISP
      Internet Service Provider.

   Malware
      Malicious software. See [RFC2828].

   MDA
      Mail Delivery Agent.

   Mail Relay
      See MTA.

   MTA
      Mail Transfer Agent.

   MUA
      Mail User Agent.

   Relay
      See MTA.

   SMTP
      Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. See [RFC2821]

   Standardese
      A peculiar dialect employed by authors of standards.










Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 4]
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2. Overview

   Domain name owners identify and record the IP addresses that are
   authorized to relay mail as their domain name. How the IP addresses
   are identified is beyond the scope of this document, but will likely
   involve consultation with the postmaster for the domain name. The IP
   address authorization records are recorded in DNS as described in
   Section 3.

   Server MTAs verify the domain name the client MTA submitted as
   identification, by querying for the IP address authorization records
   recorded by the domain name owner. Based on the result of the query,
   the server MTA can determine if the domain name is a DRIP
   participant. If the domain name is a DRIP participant, the result of
   the query will also indicate if the IP address of the client is
   authorized to use the domain name to relay mail. Section 4 specifies
   the operation of server MTAs following this protocol.


































Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 5]
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3. Designating Relays

   Domain name owners record the designated relays by adding a
   specifically formatted DNS record for each IP address that is
   authorized to use a domain name in the SMTP HELO or EHLO commands.
   Default records are also added to indicate DRIP participation by the
   domain name, and that the IP address used in the query is NOT
   authorized to use the domain name to relay mail.

3.1 Designation Record Template

   The template for the DNS records is:

      ${IPS}.${IPV}.relays._email_.${DOMAIN}.   IN   ${TYPE}   ${IP}

   With:

   ${IPS}
      The textual representation of the IP address.

   ${IPV}
      The textual representation of the IP protocol version used.

   ${DOMAIN}
      The domain name used in the SMTP HELO or EHLO commands.

   ${TYPE}
      The DNS record type corresponding to the IP protocol version of
      the IP address.

   ${IP}
      The IP address.

   See [RFC2782] for a discussion of the need for the underscores.

















Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 6]
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3.2 Default Designation Records

   The following default or "wildcard" records are added for each domain
   name and defined IP protocol version. These records, when returned as
   a result of a DRIP query, indicate DRIP participation by the domain
   name and that IP address used in the query is NOT authorized to use
   the domain name in the SMTP HELO or EHLO commands.

      *.${IPV}.relays._email_.${DOMAIN}.   IN   ${TYPE}   ${IPZ}

   Where ${IPZ} depends on the IP protocol version.

   A default record returned as the result of a DRIP query is identified
   by the value of the record, ${IPZ}, which is defined for each IP
   protocol version and corresponds to the "unspecified address".

   Both IPv4 and IPv6 default designation records SHOULD be added for
   each domain name.

3.3 IPv4 Designation Records

   For IP version 4 addresses, the following applies:

   ${IPS}
      Textual representation of the IPv4 address of the Designated Relay
      in "dotted quad", also known as "dotted decimal", notation but
      with the dots replaced by underscores.  This textual
      representation was chosen to be easy for both the wetware
      components and the software components to implement the protocol.

      The textual representation of the IPv4 loopback address,
      127.0.0.1, is

         127_0_0_1

   ${IPV}
      "IPv4".

   ${TYPE}
      "A".

   ${IP}
      The IP address of the the Designated Relay.

   ${IPZ}
      "0.0.0.0", the IPv4 "unspecified address". Chosen because it can
      not be a valid client IP address when used with TCP.




Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 7]
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3.4 IPv6 Designation Records

   For IP version 6 addresses, the following applies:

   ${IPS}
      Textual representation of the IPv6 address of the Designated Relay
      formatted as a sequence of 8 16bit words separated by underscores.
      Each word is represented by 4 hexadecimal digits. The words and
      the hexadecimal digits of a word are in network byte order. This
      IPv6 address representation is similar to the representation in
      [RFC3513] except that the colons have been replaced with
      underscores, and that leading zeros MUST be included.  This
      textual representation was chosen to be easy for both the wetware
      components and the software components to implement the protocol.

      The textual representation of the IPv6 loopback address, ::1, is:

         0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0001

      The textual representation of the IPv6 address 2002:c000:201::1234
      is:

         2002_c000_0201_0000_0000_0000_0000_1234

   ${IPV}
      "IPv6".

   ${TYPE}
      "AAAA".

   ${IP}
      The IP address of the the Designated Relay.

   ${IPZ}
      "::", the IPv6 "unspecified address". Chosen because it can not be
      a valid client IP address when used with TCP.

   MTAs with IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses [RFC3513] SHOULD also have
   an IPv4 DRIP record for the IPv4 part of each IPv4-compatible IPv6
   address.











Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 8]
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3.5 Designation Examples

3.5.1 Designation Example 1

   The owner of the domain name EXAMPLE.COM would add the following DNS
   records to the EXAMPLE.COM zone to indicate that the domain name
   EXAMPLE.COM is NOT valid for use in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.

      Default Designation Records:

         *.IPv4.relays._email_.EXAMPLE.COM.     IN    A      0.0.0.0

         *.IPv6.relays._email_.EXAMPLE.COM.     IN    AAAA   ::

      IPv4 Designation Records:

         None.

      IPv6 Designation Records:

         None.


3.5.2 Designation Example 2

   The owner of the domain name M.EXAMPLE.COM would add the following
   DNS records to the M.EXAMPLE.COM zone to indicate that ONLY the IPv4
   addresses 192.0.2.10, 192.0.2.11, and 127.0.0.1 are authorized to use
   the domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.

      Default Designation Records:

         *.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.    IN    A      0.0.0.0

         *.IPv6.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.    IN    AAAA   ::

      IPv4 Designation Records:

         192_0_2_10.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.10

         192_0_2_11.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.11

         127_0_0_1.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.   IN A  127.0.0.1

      IPv6 Designation Records:

         None.




Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003                [Page 9]
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4. MTA Operation

   Server MTAs use the IP address of the client MTA from the SMTP
   connection and the domain name, which the client submitted as
   identification in the SMTP HELO or EHLO command, to verify that the
   IP address is authorized to use the domain name to relay mail. The
   process for doing this is:

   1.  Attempt to retrieve the DRIP authorization record for the IP
       address and the domain name via DNS.

   2.  Examine the result of the DNS retrieval attempt to determine the
       DRIP status.

   3.  Continue or terminate the SMTP transaction based on the DRIP
       status.

   DRIP authorization checks may be deferred until the MAIL command in
   the SMTP transaction or not be performed at all for SMTP transactions
   where relay authorization schemes are used. Examples of relay
   authorization schemes are, an ISP's use of the client's IP address to
   allow only the ISP's customers to relay; or a corporate server MTA
   using SMTP AUTH to allow roaming senders to relay.

4.1 DRIP Authorization Retrieval

   The DRIP authorization record to retrieve is the DNS record, as
   described in Section 3.1, corresponding to the IP address and domain
   name that the client MTA identified itself as.

   IPv6 server MTAs MUST perform the DRIP authorization retrieval using
   the IPv4 address of the "IPv4-mapped IPv6 address" [RFC3513] when
   clients connect from IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses.

4.2 DRIP Status Determination

   A successful retrieval of a single record of the appropriate type
   with the IP address in the record matching the IP address of the
   client has a DRIP status of DRIP_OK. The requirement that the IP
   address in the authorization record be the IP address of the client,
   is to prevent malware authors from easily designating the entire IP
   address space as authorized to relay as a given domain name.

   A successful retrieval of a single record of the appropriate type
   with the IP address in the record not matching the IP address of the
   client has a DRIP status of DRIP_NOT_OK.





Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 10]
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   Any type of temporary DNS retrieval or network failure has a DRIP
   status of DRIP_TEMP_FAIL.

   Any other type of DNS result, such as a permanent error, multiple
   records retrieved, retrieved record not of the correct record type,
   etc., has a DRIP status of DRIP_UNKNOWN.

4.3 DRIP Status Meanings

   The DRIP statuses have the following meanings:

   DRIP_OK
      This indicates that the IP address of the client is one of the
      authorized IP addresses for the domain name to use to relay mail.
      The SMTP transaction may continue.

   DRIP_NOT_OK
      This indicates that the IP address of the client is not one of the
      authorized IP addresses for the given domain name to use to relay
      mail. The SMTP transaction SHOULD be terminated with a permanent
      failure, 5XX, reply code.

   DRIP_TEMP_FAIL
      This indicates that the lookup could not be completed at this
      time. The SMTP transaction SHOULD be terminated with a temporary
      failure, 4XX, reply code.

   DRIP_UNKNOWN
      This indicates that the given domain name is not a DRIP
      participant. Local policy of the server MTA determines if the SMTP
      transaction should continue or not.

      A RECOMMENDED local policy is for the server MTA to, iteratively,
      use the parent domain names to perform more DRIP authorization
      retrievals. If any of those retrievals result in either a DRIP_OK
      status or a DRIP_NOT_OK status, the server MTA SHOULD assume that
      the client is NOT authorized to relay mail as the given domain
      name.













Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 11]
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4.4 MTA Operation Examples

   The following examples assume that the DNS records described in
   Section 3.5 exist and that no other DRIP related DNS records exist
   for the domain names used.

4.4.1 MTA Operation Example 1

   A server MTA accepts an SMTP connection from IP address 192.0.2.10
   and the client identifies itself as M.EXAMPLE.COM.

   1.  The server attempts to retrieve the DRIP authorization record

       192_0_2_10.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.10

       via a DNS lookup.

   2.  The DNS lookup retrieves a single A record with the IP address
       192.0.2.10.

   3.  Since only a single record was retrieved, it was of the correct
       type, and IP address in the record is the IP address of the
       client, the DRIP status is DRIP_OK.

   4.  The SMTP transaction continues.


4.4.2 MTA Operation Example 2

   A server MTA accepts an SMTP connection from IP address 192.0.2.99
   and the client identifies itself as S.EXAMPLE.COM.

   1.  The server attempts to retrieve the DRIP authorization record

       192_0_2_99.IPv4.relays._email_.S.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.99

       via a DNS lookup.

   2.  The DNS lookup results in a "Name Error", indicating that the
       record does not exist.

   3.  Since the DNS lookup resulted in a permanent lookup error, the
       the DRIP status is DRIP_UNKNOWN and the server uses local policy
       to determine if the SMTP transaction should continue or not.







Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 12]
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   4.  If the server follows the RECOMMENDED local policy of performing
       DRIP authorization retrievals using parent domain names when a
       DRIP status of DRIP_UNKNOWN is encountered, the server attempts
       to retrieve the DRIP authorization record

       192_0_2_99.IPv4.relays._email_.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.99

       via a DNS lookup.

   5.  The DNS lookup retrieves a single A record with the IP address
       0.0.0.0.

   6.  Since only a single record was retrieved, and the record was of
       the correct type, and the IP address in the record is not the IP
       address of the client, the DRIP status is DRIP_NOT_OK.

   7.  Because this was a DRIP authorization retrieval of a parent
       domain and the status is of this retrieval is DRIP_OK or
       DRIP_NOT_OK, the server SHOULD assume that the client is NOT
       authorized to relay mail as the given domain name.

   8.  The server terminates the SMTP transaction with a permanent
       failure, 5XX, reply code.


4.4.3 MTA Operation Example 3

   A server MTA accepts an SMTP connection from IP address
   ::FFFF:C000:263 and the client identifies itself as S.EXAMPLE.COM.

   Because the IP address of the client is the IPv4-mapped IPv6 address
   of 192.0.2.99, the server MUST perform the same operations as in
   Section 4.4.2.


















Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 13]
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5. Security Considerations

   This method relies on DNS to verify relay authorization and as such
   is vulnerable to the security issues of DNS. However, this is no
   different than mail, in general, being vulnerable to DNS security
   issues. Sites concerned about this should investigate implementing
   [RFC2401] and/or [RFC2535].

   A likely, and intended, response of malware authors to wide spread
   adoption of DRIP is to search afflicted systems for MUA settings and
   use the configured gateways, and possibly identities and credentials,
   to mail their payloads. It is hoped that the gateway operators will
   notice the undesirable traffic and be able to do something about it.
   The gateway operators already have a relationship with the
   operator(s) of the afflicted systems and are in a much better
   position, than the internet at large, to be able to correct the
   problem.

   DRIP is intended and designed to help protect your systems from the
   malware afflicted systems of others. Not to protect your systems from
   your own malware afflicted systems. Sites concerned about this should
   investigate the use of malware detectors on their systems.

   While not a security consideration, DRIP does not provide any
   assurances to the server MTA that the mail being relayed from the
   client is not SPAM; only that the IP address of the client MTA is
   authorized to relay mail as the domain name, the client identified
   itself as, in the SMTP EHLO or HELO command.























Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 14]
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Internet-Draft                    DRIP                         June 2003


Normative References

   [RFC1035]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
              specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2782]  Gulbrandsen, A., Vixie, P. and L. Esibov, "A DNS RR for
              specifying the location of services (DNS SRV)", RFC 2782,
              February 2000.

   [RFC2821]  Klensin, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 2821,
              April 2001.

   [RFC3513]  Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "Internet Protocol Version 6
              (IPv6) Addressing Architecture", RFC 3513, April 2003.


































Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 15]
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Informative References

   [RFC1034]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities",
              STD 13, RFC 1034, November 1987.

   [RFC1886]  Thomson, S. and C. Huitema, "DNS Extensions to support IP
              version 6", RFC 1886, December 1995.

   [RFC1925]  Callon, R., "The Twelve Networking Truths", RFC 1925,
              April 1996.

   [RFC1983]  Malkin, G., "Internet Users' Glossary", RFC 1983, August
              1996.

   [RFC2401]  Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the
              Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.

   [RFC2535]  Eastlake, D., "Domain Name System Security Extensions",
              RFC 2535, March 1999.

   [RFC2822]  Resnick, P., "Internet Message Format", RFC 2822, April
              2001.

   [RFC2828]  Shirey, R., "Internet Security Glossary", RFC 2828, May
              2000.


Authors' Addresses

   Raymond S Brand
   P.O. Box 100486
   Ft. Lauderdale, FL  33310
   US

   EMail: rsbx@acm.org
   URI:   http://www.RSBX.com/


   Laurence Sherzer
   P.O. Box 5072
   Deerfield Beach, FL  33442
   US

   EMail: laurence@sherzer.net
   URI:   http://www.sherzer.net/






Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 16]
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Internet-Draft                    DRIP                         June 2003


Appendix A. Dictatorial Powers

   Any measure to control SPAM, if it is to be effective, must create or
   enhance the power of one or more entities involved in moving email
   from the source to the destination(s).

   The method described in this document enhances the ability of the
   domain name owner to control which MTAs may identify themselves as a
   domain name.










































Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 17]
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Internet-Draft                    DRIP                         June 2003


Appendix B. Acknowledgments

   The authors gratefully acknowledges the contributions of: Robert M.
   Bownes III, and Richard Rognlie.















































Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 18]
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Internet-Draft                    DRIP                         June 2003


Intellectual Property Statement

   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
   intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to
   pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
   this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
   might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it
   has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the
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   claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of
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   proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can
   be obtained from the IETF Secretariat.

   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
   copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
   rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice
   this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive
   Director.


Full Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.

   This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
   others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
   or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
   and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
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   The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
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   This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
   "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
   TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
   BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION



Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 19]
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Internet-Draft                    DRIP                         June 2003


   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


Acknowledgement

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.











































Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 27, 2003               [Page 20]
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--------------B6B187448567954020BCEA0B
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1;
 name="draft_diff.txt"
Content-Disposition: inline;
 filename="draft_diff.txt"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

--- draft-brand-drip-00.txt	Tue Jun 24 12:18:23 2003
+++ draft-brand-drip-00.txt	Sat Jun 28 11:11:16 2003
@@ -362,14 +362,15 @@
 =

    ${IPS}
       Textual representation of the IPv4 address of the Designated Relay=

-      in "dotted quad", also known as "dotted decimal", notation. This
-      textual representation was chosen to be easy for both the wetware
-      components and the software components to implement the protocol.
+      in "dotted quad", also known as "dotted decimal", notation but
+      with the dots replaced by underscores. This textual representation=

+      was chosen to be easy for both the wetware components and the
+      software components to implement the protocol.
 =

       The textual representation of the IPv4 loopback address,
       127.0.0.1, is
 =

-         127.0.0.1
+         127_0_0_1
 =

    ${IPV}
       "IPv4".
@@ -387,7 +388,6 @@
 =

 =

 =

-
 Brand & Sherzer        Expires December 23, 2003                [Page 7]=

 =0C
 Internet-Draft                    DRIP                         June 2003=

@@ -399,23 +399,23 @@
 =

    ${IPS}
       Textual representation of the IPv6 address of the Designated Relay=

-      formatted as a sequence of 8 16bit words separated by dots. Each
-      word is represented by 4 hexadecimal digits. The words and the
-      hexadecimal digits of a word are in network byte order. This IPv6
-      address representation is similar to the representation in
-      [RFC3513] except that the colons have been replaced with dots, and=

-      that leading zeros MUST be included. This textual representation
-      was chosen to be easy for both the wetware components and the
-      software components to implement the protocol.
+      formatted as a sequence of 8 16bit words separated by underscores.=

+      Each word is represented by 4 hexadecimal digits. The words and
+      the hexadecimal digits of a word are in network byte order. This
+      IPv6 address representation is similar to the representation in
+      [RFC3513] except that the colons have been replaced with
+      underscores, and that leading zeros MUST be included. This textual=

+      representation was chosen to be easy for both the wetware
+      components and the software components to implement the protocol.
 =

       The textual representation of the IPv6 loopback address, ::1, is:
 =

-         0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0001
+         0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0001
 =

       The textual representation of the IPv6 address 2002:c000:201::1234=

       is:
 =

-         2002.c000.0201.0000.0000.0000.0000.1234
+         2002_c000_0201_0000_0000_0000_0000_1234
 =

    ${IPV}
       "IPv6".
@@ -487,11 +487,11 @@
 =

       IPv4 Designation Records:
 =

-         192.0.2.10.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.10=

+         192_0_2_10.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.10=

 =

-         192.0.2.11.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.11=

+         192_0_2_11.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.11=

 =

-         127.0.0.1.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.   IN A  127.0.0.1
+         127_0_0_1.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.   IN A  127.0.0.1
 =

       IPv6 Designation Records:
 =

@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@
 =

    1.  The server attempts to retrieve the DRIP authorization record
 =

-       192.0.2.10.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.10
+       192_0_2_10.IPv4.relays._email_.M.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.10
 =

        via a DNS lookup.
 =

@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@
 =

    1.  The server attempts to retrieve the DRIP authorization record
 =

-       192.0.2.99.IPv4.relays._email_.S.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.99
+       192_0_2_99.IPv4.relays._email_.S.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.99
 =

        via a DNS lookup.
 =

@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@
        DRIP status of DRIP_UNKNOWN is encountered, the server attempts
        to retrieve the DRIP authorization record
 =

-       192.0.2.99.IPv4.relays._email_.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.99
+       192_0_2_99.IPv4.relays._email_.EXAMPLE.COM.  IN A  192.0.2.99
 =

        via a DNS lookup.
 =


--------------B6B187448567954020BCEA0B--


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Jun 28 13:30:17 2003
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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sat, 28 Jun 2003 11:12:30 EDT."
             <5.2.1.1.0.20030628110543.00ba2ca8@mail.microneil.com> 
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 13:26:43 -0400

Madscientist <madscientist@microneil.com> wrote:
> I must respectfully but strongly disagree. An increase in cost, in general, 
> does not focus on the root problem of abuse, but does carry with it a host 
> of undesirable artifacts (well covered elsewhere).

  Cost does not always mean money.

  One way of increasing the transaction cost for spam is simply to
use filters.  The spammer has engaged in a transaction which costed
him something, and which has not resulted in his desired outcome.

> It is possible with technical means to drastically reduce the potential for 
> abuse without increasing costs (fiduciary or otherwise). The goal should be 
> to make spam (and other forms of abuse) impractical rather than simply 
> unprofitable.

  <sigh>  Did I say anything about money or profit?

  There is a cost to engaging in network traffic: time, CPU power, and
so on.  There is a cost to transactions on the network.  Packet
filters, etc., all increase the transaction cost of network
conversations.

  Alan DeKok.

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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sat, 28 Jun 2003 16:19:18 BST."
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 13:38:09 -0400

"Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com> wrote:
> If no-one is using (receiving) email, why will the spammers
> send it?

  At that extreme, they won't.  Then people will start using email
again, because there's no spam.  Then the spammers will attack again.
Repeat until you regurgitate.  This isn't difficult to figure out...


  Spammers will increase the volume of their traffic until they are
just barely more than breaking even.  That's guaranteed.  I'll bet
money that the number of people using email then will be lower than it
is today, and that those people will have massively increased costs
for their SMTP infrastructure.  I doubt this is the goal of the
current opposition to anti-spam solutions, but it's definitely the end
result.

  So my original statement that "no one" will be using email was
exagerated for effect.  I still believe it's substantially true,
though.  The vast majority of people will simply give up on email once
spam becomes too much trouble to deal with.  I'll include ISP's in
that, too.

  Then what?  We'll probably have SMTP for people willing to put up
with the deluge of spam, and eventually a new, non-spammy protocol for
people who have gotten frustrated with the "fingers in the ears"
attitude towards changing SMTP.  But for a long period, there will be
duplicate email systems, and massive political fights.

  Let's face it, SMTP (as it was in the 1980's) is irrevocably dead.
Spam has killed it, and we need to accept that fact.  Whether the new
non-spammy protocol is SMTP++, or something else, is irrelevant.  We
need to do *something* more than believe that SMTP was created by God,
and that anyone changing it will be cursed forever.

  Alan DeKok.

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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 14:27:58 -0400

At 01:26 PM 6/28/2003 -0400, Alan DeKok wrote:
>Madscientist <madscientist@microneil.com> wrote:
> > It is possible with technical means to drastically reduce the potential 
> for
> > abuse without increasing costs (fiduciary or otherwise). The goal 
> should be
> > to make spam (and other forms of abuse) impractical rather than simply
> > unprofitable.
>
>   <sigh>  Did I say anything about money or profit?
>
>   There is a cost to engaging in network traffic: time, CPU power, and
>so on.  There is a cost to transactions on the network.  Packet
>filters, etc., all increase the transaction cost of network
>conversations.
>
>   Alan DeKok.

That was, perhaps, a poor choice of words on my part... discussions of 
increasing the cost to spammers are often linked to the theory that making 
it unprofitable would make it go away - you did not make that argument 
directly, apologies. Also, when I said "fiduciary and otherwise" I meant to 
explicitly include the costs you mention, as well as the costs to the users 
and other stakeholders (answering challenges for example).

My point was that a subtle difference exists between a focus toward 
increasing the cost of abuse and a focus toward preventing and disabling 
abuse. Filters, tar-pitting, and similar methods are subtly different from 
denying service to abuse sources in that the latter is a more absolute and 
arguably more efficient reaction. If a source of abuse is detected and then 
automatically denied access to the network until the abuse subsides then 
far fewer resources are required at all points in the system.

A focus on raising the cost of abuse leads to deterrents whereas a focus on 
thwarting abuse leads more directly toward elimination.

I recognize that the possibility for abuse exists in any open system, 
however I think it is possible and should be our focus to structure the 
system so that abuse is ineffective for any other purpose and as 
practically impossible as can be achieved. The problem with spam is two 
fold: (1) That the abuse is possible, and (2) that the abuse can be 
leveraged to another goal: profit.

For example, it is possible to ping flood an unprotected system and disable 
it, but there is little motivation to do such a thing.

While it is possible to broadly transmit unwanted content to undefended 
systems (spam), the difference is that there is tremendous motivation to do 
so. As a result we see a _lot_ more spam than ping floods (or similar abuses).

I consider both cases fundamentally as a technically preventable form of 
abuse. It is possible to detect a ping flood and immediately mount a 
defense by blocking (disconnecting) network access to the source. I belive 
that similar mechanisms should be used for spam or other abuse sources, and 
that our focus should be on the development of open protocols, standads, 
and changes to existing protocols that give rise to that kind of response.

Sorry for any confusion.
_M



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Boy, it seems like an increasing number of the posts I've seen since 
this list started come from posters who seem to be gravely misinformed 
or deliberately spreading misinformation. (General comment, not directed 
at Kee or Howard!) I hope this is something the ASRG reorg will try to 
address. It seems like the discussion of the most promising proposals is 
exceedingly rare.  :-(

Apropos RMX (mail-from Reverse MX) and a similar proposal:

Kee Hinckley wrote:

> At 6:09 PM -0700 6/27/03, Howard Roth wrote:
>
>> The idea behind this concept is to not modify current software, but 
>> provide
>> additional stand-alone software that provides sender accountability.  
>
>
> In what way does this not modify existing software?  The MTAs have to 
> be modified to support it, correct? 

No, just the MUAs.

Also, I think Howard Roth is mistaken, in that if the current versions 
of qmail, sendmail, and postfix supported RMX, the Internet would be 
most of the way to adoption.  Exchange and Notes would likely follow, 
and another inevitable security bug announcement in a few of them will 
cause the vast majority to upgrade.  Result: the Internet is RMX ready 
for any domain that wishes to do so to roll out and have it be highly 
effective.  Trying to get the majority of the world's MUA end users to 
upgrade is much more difficult, IMO.
I had cisco.com and some other major domains whitelisted for a while, 
but had to remove 'em due to repeated spam 'From' them. 
abuse@<trademark>.com seemed uninterested in pursuing abuse of their 
trademark.

>
>
>> Basically, the intent is for this method to be completely transparent 
>> to the
>> users and therefore have no impact on web-mail services.  I am 
>> familiar with
>> my web-mail services using Ipswitch mail server software, but there 
>> may be
>> other issues that you are alluding to that I may not be aware of.
>
>
> The issue is that people send mail "from" one domain while using the 
> mail servers of another.  This is done all the time for perfectly 
> legitimate reasons.  Not only is it done on an individual level, it is 
> also done regularly in mass commercial mailings (which are sent by one 
> company on behalf of another).  Using the "reply to" to authenticate 
> breaks all of that.  Yahoo users can only send mail using Yahoo's web 
> mail.  Macromedia can't send mail from "support@macromedia.com" using 
> mx0's mail servers, and so on. 

This capability is NOT broken with the RMX proposal.  Any legitimate 
users WILL be able to use the domain of their choice.  There are at 
least 3 ways yahoo users could continue to use their own servers in an 
RMX-compatible world.

Mailing list servers need to be responsible for the email they send (in 
the RMX sense), and with some minor tweaking, will be (some already are).

In an RMX world, domain-based DNSRBLs can be highly effective, with low 
false positives and low false negatives.


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Bob

> 	The kind of certificate needed in a system like I'm suggesting
> here can be very minimal and even self-generated. You don't, for
> instance, have to worry about having any CA that issues the things. You
> can just create an arbitrary public key and publish it via the
> certificate server of your choice. The reason for this is that you are
> asking the server's DNS server itself to tell you where to find the
> server's key. As long as you trust that you are speaking to the server's
> DNS, you can invest reasonable trust in any statements it makes. 

Using signature to authenticate sounds like a good idea ;-). Plus
s/mime has been around for a while and server-to-server s/mime is
available in commercial products for several years now.

But the idea of using self-signed certificates (vs CA) is not
going to work well because they are free. The spammers will simply
do what they do today with the spamvertised URLs' hosts and keep
using new ones because domain cost is low enough (<$10 today).
Using a CA could introduce a new cost in the spammer economics
(plus force some basic validation depending on cert class).

But until the vast majority of the legitimate MTAs support
some verification (with or without digital signature), no one
can start to refuse unauthenticated inbound mails. So the
benefits in that (long) transition period seems to be:
- ability to increase probability of an email being spam if
   sender is not verified.
- ability to have reliable white/black sender domain lists on
   verified senders _if_ the cost of creating new 'verified
   sender domains' is high enough.

jean



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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 15:19:52 -0600 (MDT)

> From: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>

> Boy, it seems like an increasing number of the posts I've seen since 
> this list started come from posters who seem to be gravely misinformed 
> or deliberately spreading misinformation. (General comment, not directed 
> at Kee or Howard!) I hope this is something the ASRG reorg will try to 
> address. It seems like the discussion of the most promising proposals is 
> exceedingly rare.  :-(

We agree about some of that, but we may disagree about which is
the information and which is the misinformation.

Other IRTF mailing lists have been effective or at least interesting.
ASRG has been none of the first and little of the second so far.  For
example, end2end has long suffered the noise of those who wish that
research would consist of advocacy instead of doing one's own
measurements, simulations, coding, tests, trials, and even deployment.
Howver, end2end has also had people who are not only would be gurus
or leaders.

The most reasonable ASRG thread concerned Graylisting.  That report
was of measured results from real code in the real world, unlike
the white papers about RMX, consent, and the rest.

Various spam filtering is done on at least 50% of all mailboxes.
(Doesn't Brightmail claim 40%?)  If those filters are at least 50%
effective, then more than 25% of all spam in the Internet is already
being handled.  That's consistent with the reports of many that
their personal spam loads are lower than they were years ago.  Many
mailboxes are like mine, suffering an entirely tolerable load of
spam of fewer than 1-4 spam/week.

Contrast that fact with the positions of advocates for various silver
bullets.  They talk as if public, long term mailboxes like mine must
receive many spam/day and about stopping practically all of that spam
with their wonderful solutions.  None advert to the fact that at least
half of the field has alreading been taken by others who range from
silent (e.g. Postini, and SpamPal) to practically silent (Brightmail
and Cloudmark) to extremely quiet (SpamAssassin).

That's not to say that the current solutions are sufficient, but that
anyone who claimsto have a sliver bullet is spreading misinformation.
Dealing with spam today is about like networking 15 or 25 years ago.
NCP and TCP before congestion control and avoidance were useful.  The
claims of the ISO OSI, Appletalk, NETBUI, and other silver bullet
mongers and research framework leaders eventually came to naught.
There is still good research to be done on TCP, and so I continue to
read end2end.  I try to ignore the wannabe leaders and would be gurus,
some of whom who are still pitching x.25.



> ...
>                                      Result: the Internet is RMX ready 
> for any domain that wishes to do so to roll out and have it be highly 
> effective.  

Effective in what way?  The most commonly used sender domain names in
spam are those of the free providers.  (My measurements on ~30K recent
spam imply >40% of spam currently involves free provider sender
domains.)  Please offer some evidence that the major free mail providers
would go along any sort of RMX system.  Outblaze is widely seen as
one of the most anti-spam free providers.  Please point out the words
in a web page (perhaps starting at http://outblaze.com/index.php )
where the owners of the 30,000,000 Outblaze mailboxes are told to send
only through Outblaze's servers.  Feel free to point out such words
in Hotmail's, Yahoo's, or some other major free (or non-free) mail
service provider's terms of service.


>             Trying to get the majority of the world's MUA end users to 
> upgrade is much more difficult, IMO.
> I had cisco.com and some other major domains whitelisted for a while, 
> but had to remove 'em due to repeated spam 'From' them. 
> abuse@<trademark>.com seemed uninterested in pursuing abuse of their 
> trademark.

That's interesting when you think about it.  Please offer some evidence
other than your personal assurances that Cisco would restrict employees
from sending mail with cisco.com sender addresses from random locations
including their homes, customer sites, hotels, and even airplanes in
order to stop that abuse of their trademark.


> ...
> > The issue is that people send mail "from" one domain while using the 
> > mail servers of another.  This is done all the time for perfectly 
> > legitimate reasons.  Not only is it done on an individual level, it is 
> > also done regularly in mass commercial mailings (which are sent by one 
> > company on behalf of another).  Using the "reply to" to authenticate 
> > breaks all of that.  Yahoo users can only send mail using Yahoo's web 
> > mail.  Macromedia can't send mail from "support@macromedia.com" using 
> > mx0's mail servers, and so on. 
>
> This capability is NOT broken with the RMX proposal.  Any legitimate 
> users WILL be able to use the domain of their choice.  There are at 
> least 3 ways yahoo users could continue to use their own servers in an 
> RMX-compatible world.

That is so wrong that it qualifies as what you called "misinformation."
Why didn't you touch on those three ways Yahoo uses could use "their
own servers"?  Was it because expecting users to adjust the DNS
records for the IP addresses from which they are sending mail at
the moment would sound so completely unrealistic?

Some RMX-like proposals require adjusting among the RRs of the SMTP
client based on its IP address.  Those are merely grossly implausible.
Other RMX-like proposals that use RRs in the envelope sender zone
domain are worse, given the fact that free providers show no signs of
objecting to their users sending from elsewhere.


> ...
> In an RMX world, domain-based DNSRBLs can be highly effective, with low 
> false positives and low false negatives.

Domain and IP address based DNS based blacklists can be highly effective
with quite low false positive and a usefully low false negative rates
outside RMX worlds.
The reason that there are so few domain based DNS blacklists is
that the easy choices fairly static, and because the legal liabilities
sound worse.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 15:23:52 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Jean-Christophe Bandini" <jean-christophe.bandini@tumbleweed.com>

> ...
> But until the vast majority of the legitimate MTAs support
> some verification (with or without digital signature), no one
> can start to refuse unauthenticated inbound mails. ...

Which major MTAs don't have current versions that support SMTP-TLS
and SMTL-AUTH?

That might be considered a trick question, given the years that sendmail
and others have supported both.  I'm not sure the original question
is not equally tricky.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: [Asrg] The Solution To Spam - The Second Response
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 21:46:01 +0000

Thankyou for your responses to The Solution To Spam - The First Response.  
My responses are in the body of the text below.

This post refers to the 'GIEIS' Anti-Spam system.  The details can be viewed 
here, updates will be posted in the course of
the next few days, please check regularly:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

Thankyou for the feedback on this matter,

Mark McCarron.



At 3:47 AM +0000 6/28/03, Mark McCarron wrote:
&gt;The graphic is for email clients such as Outlook=20
&gt;express and Eudora, etc.&nbsp; A new graphic is=20
&gt;downloaded for each email.&nbsp; The system has no=20
&gt;intention of stopping legitimate email even=20
&gt;automated systems.&nbsp; They just register with an=20
&gt;'EAS' provider and all mail is sent through it.=20
&gt;Legitimate businesses will have to provide legal=20
&gt;company registration details (such as reg.=20
&gt;company number, etc).&nbsp; They receive a special=20
&gt;code, upon agreeing to a legally binding

This list has had this type of discussion before.
Those are approximately the requirements=20
necessary for an SSL certificate.&nbsp; SSL=20
certificates currently last one year at about=20
$100/cert.&nbsp; The margins are such that virtually=20
no background checks are done.&nbsp; And of course=20
there is no revocation, arbitration or=20
verification done for how you use it afterwards.=20
I would guess that, at a minimum, the level of=20
support you are requesting would result in a fee=20
on the order of $1000/year in order to support=20
the necessary infrastructure and support needs.=20
It might be somewhat lower because the volume of=20
sales would be many orders of magnitude higher=20
than SSL certs, but I can't see it being any=20
cheaper.


Mark's response:

This system does not use SSL nor will it ever.  It will use (most likely) a 
modified version of a PGP source as the basis of it's encryption method.  
Therefore, the prices you quoted are not accurate.



Additionally you need another class of=20
certification there, and I don't know how you're=20
going to do it.&nbsp; Mail servers are run by many=20
people, not just &quot;registered&quot; companies.=20
Validating a random individual is even harder=20
than validating companies.&nbsp; (Never mind what=20
happens when you have someone like a friend of=20
mine, a long-time security expert, who has never=20
owned a credit card in his life.)


Mark's response:

Individuals who run mail servers for there own private use will not have 
access to 'GIEIS'.  They should move to an email client and connect through 
an ISPs 'EAS'.  Also, no credit card, no access.



&gt;Excellent points.&nbsp; Let's deal with the first=20
&gt;one, there is millions of mail servers in the=20
&gt;world, however, all these mail servers have one=20
&gt;thing in common, they are linked to the internet=20
&gt;backbone via some form of ISP.&nbsp; This is why I am=20
&gt;referring to ISPs.&nbsp; Therefore, we take this=20
&gt;common point and

Yes and no.&nbsp; There are millions of mail servers.=20
Those mail servers are connected through an=20
&quot;ISP&quot;.&nbsp; However in the case of most company=20
connections that ISP does *not* currently provide=20
email service (or if they do, not at the QoS=20
required by the company).&nbsp; So you are asking all=20
of those ISPs to start providing a service that=20
they don't currently provide at all, never mind=20
how you are going to integrate that into the=20
company email servers.

Mark's Response:

Essentially, yes.  There would be an adopt of die policy.  Legal frameworks, 
especially those concering International law are expensive and time 
consuming.  The truth is to get 'near global' legal compliance could take 
decades.  By this stage, the Internet as you now know it, would be a thing 
of the past.  Sacrafices must be made, if I have to amputate to save a 
patient's life, then I will do it.  Integration will be the responsibility 
of the ISP concerned.  If adopted by the major industry players of ISP and 
email, there would be nothing the rest of the world could do about it.  Even 
through legal challanges.  There is no law stating you cannot take all 
reasonable steps to protect your network.


&gt;independant body.&nbsp; If set up in partnership with=20
&gt;the largest email and ISP providers, then the=20
&gt;rest of the industry would be assured of its=20
&gt;reputation,

Let's see.&nbsp; That would be AOL and Microsoft.&nbsp; What am I assured 
of?&nbsp; :-^


Mark's Response:

This document and system is not here to pass a 'popularity' test with 
Internet users.  It is aimed at the large corporations with the cash-flow to 
support the system.  Not only will this system eliminate spam, but the 
majority of email based assaults on remote machines, chain-mail, and scam 
emails.  The system will be between 99-100% effective and will run a 
zero-tolerance program.




&gt;&nbsp; furthermore, the system must operate within=20
&gt;legal boundries.&nbsp; Mailing lists must be=20
&gt;associated with a bonafide website, also they=20
&gt;must contact 'GIEIS'

What is a &quot;bonafide&quot; website, and how do you tell?


Mark's response:

By making the hosting company part liable under our 'Terms of Agreement' 
without which, they cannot send emails.  Also, further checks are done with 
the ISP involved, who must provide a written reference sponsoring them to 
'GIEIS'.



&gt;&nbsp; directly for setup.&nbsp; A credit card will be=20
&gt;required and a $1 (=A31) charge will be made to=20
&gt;it.&nbsp; Also, a mailing adress and telephone=20
&gt;contact information would be required.&nbsp; They=20
&gt;will receive a written copy of the 'Terms of=20
&gt;Service' which they must sign and send back to=20
&gt;'GIEIS'.&nbsp; Upon reception 'GIEIS' will implement=20
&gt;the account with their ISP.&nbsp; The emails then=20
&gt;sent will be analysed by heuristics.&nbsp; Each=20
&gt;message will also be parsed for HTML code, such=20
&gt;as IMAGE tags and jpg, bmp images.&nbsp; As the=20
&gt;majority of mailing systems use either ASCII or=20
&gt;UNICODE text only, spam can be detected, blocked=20
&gt;and the offender's credit card billed with a=20
&gt;fine.&nbsp; I have not placed estimates on the cost=20
&gt;of implementation.&nbsp; The industry is loosing $12=20
&gt;Billion a year, even if the partnership spent $1=20
&gt;Billion per year (an outragous amount) they=20
&gt;would still be saving $11 Billion.&nbsp; The=20
&gt;'beancounter' (accountants) would love that.

There are several problems here.
=46irst of all, when you see all those numbers=20
about &quot;losing&quot; $12billion, they don't mean that=20
literally.&nbsp; They are talking about productivity=20
costs and opportunity costs and such.&nbsp; The &quot;fact&quot;=20
that spam costs $12B does not mean that companies=20
have $12B to spend if it went away.&nbsp; Furthermore,=20
the costs of spam are spread over millions of=20
people, whereas the costs of your service are=20
focused on a much smaller group of companies.


Mark's Response:

You don't know I am a mathematician and a trained UK accountant as well.  
So, I will not be harsh on you :)  Productivity costs, refers to increased 
wage/production payments.  This is an expense, a VERY real cash-flow, I can 
assure you.  The same goes for lost business opportunities, this is source 
of capital, another VERY real cash-flow.  Their reference to $12 Billion is 
therefore, extremely literal.  These costs are not spread across millions of 
people, no one has the time to do research like that.  Quotes like that are 
often solely based upon the Fortune 500 companies.



Also, you need to rethink the scale of the email=20
system.&nbsp; You are envisioning centralized systems=20
using complicated software to analyze the content=20
of email messages.&nbsp; First of all--there's no way=20
in hell anyone is going to allow a third party to=20
analyze the content of their email.&nbsp; Secondly,=20
the existing mail system carries billions of=20
messages a day.&nbsp; The infrastructure to analyze=20
that kind of flow simply does not exist, nor is=20
likely to.


Mark's Response:

All suspect email communications are intercepted at the telecommunications 
level by government authorities in each nation, in the US it by the NSA/CIA, 
and in the UK it is the GCHQ.  If they do not agree to analysis of mailing 
lists, then they simply will be excluded from 'GIEIS' systems.  As I stated 
before, I am not seeking 'popularity' vote, but rather a complete end to 
fraudulent email of any form through forced measures.  'GIEIS' is designed 
to be the equivilent of a digital army.  Of course the infrastructure 
exists, we can currently send that volume, there is no problem in analysing 
it too.  If government agencies can perform heuristics of over 50 Million 
voice communications in 30 minutes
then analysing email will be a walk-in-the-park.


&gt;True.&nbsp; However, there will most likely be a=20
&gt;period of introduction, for example 6 months.=20
&gt;Then there will be a D-Day from which point, the=20
&gt;system becomes exclusive.&nbsp; This will force the=20
&gt;rest of the industry to adopt or face not being=20
&gt;able to communicate with other networks.&nbsp; The=20
&gt;result of non-compliance would be the loss of=20
&gt;their customer base.

Millions of end users would have to update their=20
software (if it's possible--often, especially in=20
the third world, they may be running machines and=20
operating systems which are no longer supported).=20
Millions of MTAs changed.&nbsp; ISPs implementing new=20
software that has never been tested.&nbsp; Entirely=20
new business relationships with all of the ISP=20
clients.&nbsp; New requirements on how email is=20
routed, with all company email going through=20
centralized servers that didn't exist before.=20
The creation of an extra-govermental organization=20
with the ability to put any company out of=20
business at a whim.

This isn't an anti-spam proposal.&nbsp; It's something out of George Orwell 
:-).


Mark's Response:

Drastic problems require drastic solutions.  Current policies and blocking 
attempts are only adding to the problem.  This will end the issue 
once-and-for-all.  It would be Orwellean if there was some form of 
censorship was involved, however, no one is suggesting this.  You almost 
make it sound like a conspiracy is going on.  I would ask you to consider 
this, think of all the emails you have sent today, why would 'GIEIS' waste 
good money on hiring someone to  read your (or anyone elses) email?  
Frankly, I don't think we would be really interested in who is doing who, 
who is fighting with who, who is who's best friend.  Also, as I stated 
before, government agencies all over the world already have this capability. 
  As for upgrading millions of users, there is already a push for the new IP 
standard to be
implemented by the US Military.  It would be no different than this, give it 
6 months to one year and the change over will be complete then 'GIEIS' will 
patrol the Internet.



&gt;blind and severely visually impaired.&nbsp; We have=20
&gt;not forgot about this highly important client=20
&gt;base.&nbsp; Such as a simple puzzle in brail,=20
&gt;something that would be difficult to automate=20
&gt;for but simple enough for a human to do.

Umm.&nbsp; Blind computer users do not use braille to=20
read the screen.&nbsp; They use screen readers that=20
read the text to them.&nbsp; But anyway, I'm sure you=20
could deal with it.


Mark's response:

Are you trying to tell me braille output does not exist?  I have installed 
quite a number personally.  Also, a screen  reader can read a puzzle just as 
well as any other text.  You are quite correct, I can deal with it.


However on the whole, I would say that the=20
proposal is socially, politically, commercially=20
and technically impossible to implement.&nbsp; It=20
makes incorrect assumptions about how people use=20
email, how they update software, how companies do=20
business, how ISPs do business, how email travels=20
from point a to point b and who sends it.

Mark's Response:

Social and political concerns are of no interest.  It is technically 
feasible, beyond any doubt, or the system concept could not have even been 
designed.  Also, commercial companies would benfits from the system being 
able to reach a wider audience as people will not have spam to fear from by 
subscribing to corporate information/mailing lists.  Add to this the 
additional capital saved plus the additional revenue gained from new 
customers and our commercial companies will be
extremely happy.  The system makes no such assumptions.  It re-writes the 
rule book.

Mark McCarron.

_________________________________________________________________
Stay in touch with absent friends - get MSN Messenger 
http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger


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From: Bob Wyman <bob@wyman.us>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
To: Jean-Christophe Bandini <jean-christophe.bandini@tumbleweed.com>
Cc: bob@wyman.us, "'Spencer Dawkins'" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>,
        "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Jean-Christophe Bandini wrote:
> But the idea of using self-signed certificates (vs CA) 
> is not going to work well because they are free.
  I think you are mixing issues here. (i.e. technical and 
economic)
   What my suggestion covered was a technical method for 
permitting the recipient of a mail message to determine if 
that mail message had, in fact, been sent by the server 
identified in the received message's header information. I 
believe that the method that I proposed does, in fact, 
provide this capability and I believe it does so in a manner 
which is more efficient and effective than the method which 
was proposed by Howard Roth in the message to which I was 
responding.
   I believe it would be useful to first determine whether or 
not the technical approach works and then deal with the 
question of whether or not economic issues are relevant to 
the utility of the proposed method. The two issues need to be 
discussed distinctly.

> The spammers will simply do what they do today with the 
> spamvertised URLs' hosts and keep using new ones because
> domain cost is low enough (<$10 today).
    I suggest that the cost to implement this proposal is 
completely independent of its utility. Also, it is irrelevant 
to the utility of this proposal if spammers are able to 
create even vast numbers of domains that all use the method I 
propose. The point is to allow a receiver to verify that the 
claimed sending server is, in fact, the one that sent the 
message. The method will verify spammer's machines just as 
well as non-spammers.

> Using a CA could introduce a new cost in the spammer 
> economics (plus force some basic validation depending
> on cert class).
   Sure, we could make it more expensive for everyone to send 
mail in order to squeeze out the spammers. But, we'll squeeze 
out a large number of other people at the same time. Using 
such a blunt method should only be considered if there are no 
alternatives. In this case, simply raising costs won't 
accomplish much.

>But until the vast majority of the legitimate MTAs support
>some verification (with or without digital signature), no one
>can start to refuse unauthenticated inbound mails.
    Right. So, don't refuse them. Simply mark them 
as "suspect." Then, let the mail clients deal with presenting 
them, filing them in "gray inboxes" etc.

> So the benefits in that (long) transition period seems to
> be:- ability to have reliable white/black sender domain
> lists on verified senders _if_ the cost of creating new
> 'verified sender domains' is high enough.
    Wrong. You don't have to make domain creation expensive 
in order to have confidence in white/black domain lists as 
long as you can verify the source of a message. My proposal 
allows you to have confidence in the utility of your lists 
even though it adds zero cost to domain creation.

>- ability to increase probability of an email being spam if
>   sender is not verified.
    Any anti-spam method that relies on the fact that 
spammers might not follow some technical guidelines is doomed 
to failure. You must assume that spammers will follow all of 
the technical rules -- they just don't follow the moral or 
legal rules. Any other set of assumptions will result in 
systems that are trivial to get around - simply by following 
the rules. 
    We should be using a discipline here much like that used 
by the security folk. It is a well known maxim of security 
system design that you must not rely on secret methods in 
designing your systems. You must assume that the enemy knows 
everything about your system and even has the source code. 
Similarly, we should assume that spammers not only "have the 
source code" but they follow all the rules as well.

    bob wyman

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For
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Vernon

> Which major MTAs don't have current versions that support SMTP-TLS
> and SMTL-AUTH?

Signing at the first MTA seems a bit stronger but you are right that
TLS can also be used.

But it seems the problem remains that:
- there needs to be a critical mass of actual deployments (without it
   one cannot refuse non TLS inbound or whatever other scheme is chosen)
- there needs to be an acceptance of certificates more costly than
   self-signed which a spammer can keep on generating like for domains.

Thanks,

jean



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From: Bob Wyman <bob@wyman.us>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
Cc: asrg@ietf.org
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Vernon Schryver wrote:
>Ok, but why do you care about servers instead of persons?
    Because that was the focus of the message to which I was 
responding! The base proposal was for a system that involved 
recipient's mail servers exchanging messages with a sender's 
servers in order to verify which server had sent the message. 
I was pointing out that this sort of bandwidth heavy exchange 
can be eliminated by using signatures instead. 

> It sounds as if you are making the familiar assumption that
> every legitimate sender transmits only via a small number
> of SMTP clients.
   I make no such assumption. Also, such an assumption would 
be irrelevant to this discussion since we're only talking 
about verifying servers -- not clients.

> why is it any harder for a spammer to get a signed,
> throw-away domain name than to get a throw-away personal
> or other certificate?
   Why should it be hard? As far as I can see, there are only 
two useful reasons to verifying the identity of a sending 
server: First, so that you can build white/black lists and 
Second, so that you can detect false statements in mail 
headers. Of the two, the first is clearly the most important. 
Both of these two benefits arise from verification whether it 
is cheap or expensive.


   bob wyman


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> From: "Jean-Christophe Bandini" <jean-christophe.bandini@tumbleweed.com>

> ...
> > Which major MTAs don't have current versions that support SMTP-TLS
> > and SMTL-AUTH?
>
> Signing at the first MTA seems a bit stronger but you are right that
> TLS can also be used.

If you prefer end-to-end authentication, there are S/MIME and PGP.

> But it seems the problem remains that:
> - there needs to be a critical mass of actual deployments (without it
>    one cannot refuse non TLS inbound or whatever other scheme is chosen)

yep.

> - there needs to be an acceptance of certificates more costly than
>    self-signed which a spammer can keep on generating like for domains.

They must be expensive enough that the CA can verify that a new
applicant is not the entity that is again and currently (well, as of
this week) calling itself "zhangguojie" but not so expensive that the
CA will keep the money regardless of spam sign.  I think the first
numbers is more than $1000 and the second is less than $500, which
would make the excercise academic even if real people were willing to
pay as much as $10.



  ]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]

] From: Bob Wyman <bob@wyman.us>

]    Sure, we could make it more expensive for everyone to send
] mail in order to squeeze out the spammers. But, we'll squeeze
] out a large number of other people at the same time. Using  
] such a blunt method should only be considered if there are no
] alternatives. In this case, simply raising costs won't
] accomplish much.

That could be worded better.  You cannot force people to choose
between a new, spam-resistant system and not using email.
Given a new, spam-resistant system, all of us, including spammers
will have to choose among several alternatives including:
  1. paying the higher price in money or whatever.
  2. not paying and not using email.
  3. not paying and continuing to use the old email system.
  4. not paying and using some other new email system, perhaps
     such as SMS.

Note that many spammers would be overjoyed to choose #1 in a system
without the viagra porn homeworks.  Many would be glad to pay more
per delivered spam than most retail end-users would pay for private
email.  Junk postal mail is amazingly expensive when you include all
of the costs and not just what the Postal Service collects.


] ...
]     Any anti-spam method that relies on the fact that
] spammers might not follow some technical guidelines is doomed
] to failure. You must assume that spammers will follow all of
] the technical rules -- they just don't follow the moral or
] legal rules. Any other set of assumptions will result in
] systems that are trivial to get around - simply by following
] the rules.

That could also be phrased better.  Spammers will follow those technical
guidelines that are in their interests, as demonstrated by their
non-conformant notions of SMTP command pipelining.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Hi Bob,

>   I think you are mixing issues here. (i.e. technical and 
> economic)

Yes. I was agreeing with you technical suggestion of signing.

But thinking about its application to solve the real world
problem it seemed relevant to talk about economics.

> The point is to allow a receiver to verify that the 
> claimed sending server is, in fact, the one that sent the 
> message. The method will verify spammer's machines just as 
> well as non-spammers.

Yes i understood that part.

>    Sure, we could make it more expensive for everyone to send 
> mail in order to squeeze out the spammers. But, we'll squeeze 
> out a large number of other people at the same time. Using 
> such a blunt method should only be considered if there are no 
> alternatives. 

Yes. If there is a low cost solution to make it harder to create
new 'verified sender domains' that's preferable: i just did not
have a good low-cost suggestion.

>     Right. So, don't refuse them. Simply mark them 
> as "suspect." Then, let the mail clients deal with presenting 
> them, filing them in "gray inboxes" etc. 

Yes that's equivalent to what i meant by "ability to increase
probability of an email being spam if sender is not verified."
which you seemed to disagree with later on.

>     Wrong. You don't have to make domain creation expensive 
> in order to have confidence in white/black domain lists as 
> long as you can verify the source of a message. My proposal 
> allows you to have confidence in the utility of your lists 
> even though it adds zero cost to domain creation.

You lost me here. Here is what i meant and may be my thinking
is flawed but let me try again: the spammer can create every
day at sunrise a _new_ domain and its associated free signing cert,
then spend the day happily spamming. At the receiving end, i see
a new sender domain which is 'signed or verified' but i dont
know yet it is a spammer because that domain appeared today so
it is not in my black list yet. By the time i put it in my black
list the spammer has already moved on and start using a fresh
verified sender domain.

This is exactly what spammers are doing today with domains in
spamvertised URLs: they use one or more new domains daily.

Making it more difficult to create new verified domains
(using economics or not) would make black listing much more
valuable in a world with verified senders.

>     Any anti-spam method that relies on the fact that 
> spammers might not follow some technical guidelines is doomed 
> to failure. You must assume that spammers will follow all of 
> the technical rules -- they just don't follow the moral or 
> legal rules. Any other set of assumptions will result in 
> systems that are trivial to get around - simply by following 
> the rules. 

Agree: the increased probability i was mentioning is similar to
what you were suggesting above ("Gray inbox"). But you are right:
one still needs defenses for the verified senders: your proposal
makes blacklist an effective defense against verified senders,
with the caveat i mentioned above.

Thanks

jean





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> From: Bob Wyman <bob@wyman.us>

> ...
> > why is it any harder for a spammer to get a signed,
> > throw-away domain name than to get a throw-away personal
> > or other certificate?
>    Why should it be hard? As far as I can see, there are only 
> two useful reasons to verifying the identity of a sending 
> server: First, so that you can build white/black lists and 
> Second, so that you can detect false statements in mail 
> headers. Of the two, the first is clearly the most important. 
> Both of these two benefits arise from verification whether it 
> is cheap or expensive.

That's a subversive notion, or at least contrary to the standard
rational for authentication as a spam solution that is based on the
idea that signatures are almost free and that spammers can't get
signatures or will be disavowed by their CAs or blacklists.

I also doubt it's necessary.  Most of the senders that you might
whitelist already use practically unforgeable tokens, namely the IP
addresses of their SMTP clients.  The remaining senders that you might
add to your whitelist are likely to have other sufficient marks,
sometimes including digital signatures.  On the other side, many of
the senders you might blacklist are already easily blacklisted by
their IP address or sending domain.

What's the point of looking for lies in headers?  Most of the spammer
header lies were in Received headers, but seem to be out of style.
Spammers tha send from their own systems have no reason to fake Received
headers, and neither do those using open proxies.  The other header
statements that most people mean when they say such things involve
the envelope or From sender, but I don't see how you could usefully
detect real lies there.  If signatures became necessary, then spammers'
$8 domain name registrar would provide them.  As you said, signatures
verify spammers's STMP clients just as well as everyone else's.

A combination of IP address blacklists (including DNS BLs) and local
whitelists can be awfully effective, and requires no changes in the
mail system or other people's behavior.  That doesn't imply that
looking for improvements is not good, but any proposal that does
not do better than ~80% is a waste of breath.

The ASRG standard dichotomy between the silver bullet of the moment
and 50 spam/day/user is false.  No one need receive more than a very
few spam/week if they'll use the current mechanisms.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Hi Vernon

>>Signing at the first MTA seems a bit stronger but you are right that
>>TLS can also be used.
> 
> If you prefer end-to-end authentication, there are S/MIME and PGP.

That's why i mentioned s/mime in my original post.

Yes, good point on PGP.

jean




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From: Bob Wyman <bob@wyman.us>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
To: Jean-Christophe Bandini <jean-christophe.bandini@tumbleweed.com>
Cc: bob@wyman.us, "'Spencer Dawkins'" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>,
        "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Jean=Christophe Bandini wrote:
> Making it more difficult to create new verified domains
> (using economics or not) would make black listing much more
> valuable in a world with verified senders.
    Yes, this is true. However, any method that makes it more 
expensive for spammers to create "verified domains" also 
makes it more expensive for non-spammers to do so. Given that 
there are massively more non-spammers than spammers, I 
suggest that the increased cost for the many will be too 
great a cost for the benefits received.
    The method of verifying statements about a source server 
should be considered of most use in establishing white lists -
- not black lists. This method will be of limited use in 
building black lists since the number of sites which should 
be blacklisted changes more rapidly than anyone can keep up 
with it. This has been and will always be a problem with any 
blacklisting solution. Blacklists are only useful when you 
have domains that are persistent. This is not news...

    bob wyman

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From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
Subject: [Asrg] fwd (nanog) Over three million computers 0wned?
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From: Sean Donelan <sean@donelan.com>
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Subject: Over three million computers 0wned?
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http://www.vnunet.com/News/1141901

Trustcorps claims it has scientific and anecdotal resaerch supporting its
conclusion that over three million computers are "owned" by malicious
groups.

On the other hand, Information Risk Management questioned how any one
person could "own" hundreds of computers at any one time.  And systems are
often not "owned" by a single group, but exploited by multiple groups


Like most statistics, the "truth" is probably a little harder to find, and
a little bit scarier.

The FBI estimates a car is stolen every 27 seconds somewhere in the US.
In 2000, FBI Uniform Crime Report statistics showed that 1,165,559 cars
were stolen; with an estimated value of $7.8 Billion.  Police apprehend
less than 15% of all auto thieves.

Unfortunately this computer crime doesn't fit the FBI crime reporting
statistics well.  Vandalism of Property?  Is the cracking of computers
happening more or less often than car theft?




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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Jun 28 19:36:42 2003
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        "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For
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Hi Bob

 > This method will be of limited use in
> building black lists since the number of sites which should 
> be blacklisted changes more rapidly than anyone can keep up 
> with it. 

Yes that was my comment in the scenario where it is easy to
create new verified domains. So sounds like we were saying
or meanning the same thing after all.

> This has been and will always be a problem with any 
> blacklisting solution. Blacklists are only useful when you 
> have domains that are persistent. 

Yes. But in such a scenario (implemented by cost or other means)
then whitelist become _more_ expensive to maintain than
blacklist because as you said above there are 'massively
more non-spammer than spammer', at least for servers with
significant volume/number of users.

Plus the fact that blacklists are not very useful today does
not eliminate their relevance to discuss them in scenarios that
can make them more effective.

Thanks

jean



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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 20:57:54 -0400

I've replied to this off-list (what can I say, I'm a sucker). 
However my recommendation (if anyone cares) is that further on-list 
replies to this proposal are a waste of bandwidth.  We have quite 
enough pointless battles as it is.  Battling over whether it's 
feasible to implement a fascist NGO with complete control over your 
company's ability to send email is probably not something we need to 
do.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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 Yahoo
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 22:07:07 -0400

Just as some feared, Yahoo's spam filters blocked confirmation emails from 
the FTC's Do Not Call registry according to a Wired New Article 
(http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,59427,00.html).

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  


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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - FTC's do-not-call registry email
 blocked by  Yahoo
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Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 22:38:38 -0400

At 10:07 PM -0400 6/28/03, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>Just as some feared, Yahoo's spam filters blocked confirmation emails from the

This isn't terribly surprising. Even if you ignore the bulk aspects, 
the message headers have at least three characteristics which are 
normally associated with spam, including one which is a direct 
violation of the RFC specifications for email.  If they wanted to 
keep the stuff from being blocked, they should have thought of 
talking to the spam filter companies a bit earlier than the day 
before.
-- 
Kee Hinckley
http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society

I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
everyone else's.

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From: asrg@johnlevine.com (John R. Levine)
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Bogus News Article - FTC's do-not-call registry email blocked by Yahoo
Newsgroups: iecc.lists.asrg
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Date: 29 Jun 2003 04:29:36 -0000

>Just as some feared, Yahoo's spam filters blocked confirmation emails from 
>the FTC's Do Not Call registry according to a Wired News Article 

 ... which is based on uninformed and incorrect speculation.

I asked a manager I know at Yahoo.  He checked the IP range that the
donotcall mail is coming from, and verified that no, they're not
blocking it.  Some might have been filtered into the "bulk" folders,
but it wasn't blocked.

What really happened is that the servers were grossly overloaded and
have been taking up to 11 hours to send out confirmation mail, and
users misinterpreted the delay as blockage.

Please avoid spreading incorrect rumors.  That does nobody any good.

Regards,
John Levine, postmaster@iecc.com, postmaster@gurus.com, postmaster@services.net
(and postmaster of about 100 other domains)


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To: asrg@johnlevine.com (John R. Levine), asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Bogus News Article - FTC's do-not-call registry
  email blocked by Yahoo
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 00:54:37 -0400

At 04:29 AM 6/29/2003 +0000, John R. Levine wrote:

> >Just as some feared, Yahoo's spam filters blocked confirmation emails from
> >the FTC's Do Not Call registry according to a Wired News Article
>
>  ... which is based on uninformed and incorrect speculation.
>
>I asked a manager I know at Yahoo.  He checked the IP range that the
>donotcall mail is coming from, and verified that no, they're not
>blocking it.  Some might have been filtered into the "bulk" folders,
>but it wasn't blocked.

It was filtered not blocked, but as far as I know all spam at Yahoo goes to 
bulk mail folders. From the article:
"representatives note that the company does not completely block e-mail, 
but sends them to a bulk mail folder for users to review. "

>What really happened is that the servers were grossly overloaded and
>have been taking up to 11 hours to send out confirmation mail, and
>users misinterpreted the delay as blockage.
>
>Please avoid spreading incorrect rumors.  That does nobody any good.

Here is the relevant quote from the Wired News article 
(http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,59427,00.html):

---snip---
The glitch was discovered by Washington security firm NetFrameworks during 
routine evaluations of spam filters that the company performs for its clients.

Our tests showed that Yahoo's spam filter was automatically sending the 
confirmation messages from the do-not-call list into users' bulk-mail 
folders," said NetFrameworks co-founder and CTO Eric Greenberg. "The irony 
of it is that the spam filter is blocking the very thing that's supposed to 
help you stop getting spam over the phone."
---snip---

The origin of this is from NetFramework's press release 
(http://www.netframeworks.com/press.php?newsID=32):

---snip----
NetFrameworks, Inc. today announced that its researchers have discovered 
that leading spam blocking systems, including a top processor of email 
worldwide, Yahoo!, are blocking email confirmations from the Federal Do Not 
Call Registry launched this morning by the Federal Trade Commission.
----snip---  


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To: <hroth@tngi.com>, "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For
  Sender Accountability
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 00:58:34 -0400

At 11:27 AM 6/27/2003 -0700, Howard Roth wrote:
>[..]
>Efforts to validate the sender of an email message will help reduce the 
>dissemination of unwanted email. We propose a specific methodology to 
>address this issue by using a simple method based on a process that 
>responds to a new message with specially coded request for validation 
>message.  This specially coded message is sent to the reply 
>toaddress.  The message initiating mail server receives this reply and 
>responds with an acknowledgement to the recipient mailer server if the 
>initial message was indeed sent from this server.  Otherwise it does not 
>respond.  If a positive response comes back the initial message is 
>transferred from a pending directory to the recipients directory.  If 
>there is no response in a parameter based time period the initial message 
>is discarded by the recipient mail server.
>[..]

This has been mentioned on the list before - this is a specific case of 
C/R. The CRI protocol that is being worked on by Eric Dean and me includes 
the ability to verify whether the sender has in fact sent a specific message.

Yakov 


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To: Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com>, "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
Cc: <asrg@ietf.org>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 01:12:06 -0400

At 07:01 PM 6/27/2003 -0400, Barry Shein wrote:


>How is any of this consent/filtering related to the usual IETF purpose
>such as protocol documents (RFCs, etc), network engineering, and not
>just some ad hoc User Interface Engineering?
>
>It seems to me the consent proposals (getting any attention) thus far
>require no change to any existing protocols or standards, and don't
>seem to imply any new protocols or standards.
>
>Where in the stack would any of this fit and why does this group need
>to be involved?

As I mentioned before there are two models here - network abuse model which 
you are proposing and consent model which is defined in the charter. The 
network abuse model as you propose would seek to find ways to detect and 
stop spammers from using the Internet for abusive behavior (i.e. spam) It 
may also include viruses, worms, etc. as a side benefit.

Both models in my opinion are equally good. However, they call for 
different solutions and approaches. Both models will involve changing 
existing protocols (i.e. SMTP) and defining new ones (like CRI). That is 
where IETF gets involved.

The consent model specifically is not limited to the MUAs, but can be 
enforced by MTAs on ISP level as well. In order to do so a framework and 
various protocols must be worked out. I will be posting a document sometime 
later on this week laying out both models in detail.

Yakov 


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To: Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>, ASRG list <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Proposal: Separate ISP(s) for "guaranteed delivery"
  of email
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 01:14:54 -0400

At 10:25 PM 6/27/2003 -0400, Walter Dnes wrote:

>On Thu, Jun 26, 2003 at 12:30:54AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote
>
> > What about interoperability? How will different email providers
> > decided who is responsible for paying what? Also, who will enforce
> > such structure?  Postal services of many countries use a UN affiliated
> > organization called the International Postal Union which settles
> > these matters. Is it good to put control into one body?
>
>   It doesn't have to be one body; it can be several companies.  Say a
>consortium which receives 50 cents per email, and the originating
>company gets 25 cents per email.  (This will discourage spammers from
>playing shell games with fake ISPs).  The average person can obtain
>read-only accounts, with an option to send one-off emails for a dollar
>each.   It will complement regular email, not replace it.  Something
>along the lines of UPS/Fedex/Purolater.  Too expensive for everyday
>correspondence but just right for files that absolutely *HAVE* to get
>there.

It just the thought of putting something like email into centralized 
control that unnerves me. Just look at what happened to ICANN. Another 
issue is that this proposal would require completely new infrastructure.

> > What about the issue of spam in Personal email?
>
>   The main reason for my proposal was to provide a reliable alternative
>without businesses having to lobby for "must-carry" legislation.  One
>size does *NOT* fit all.  The business concept of
>guranteed-delivery-come-hell-or-high-water would destroy personal email
>if spammers got guaranteed delivery.  The "personal" level of blocking
>is anathema to business practices.  Once we ensure that "personal email"
>is *NOT* required to be business-level robust, then...
>   a) filtering/blocklisting is less likely to be outlawed for "personal
>      email" because businesses will have a business alternative
>   b) individuals will be more likely to use filters/blocklists if
>      businesses they want to deal with do have a reliable alternative.
>
>   I haven't specified the exact mechanism for separation between
>"personal email" and "business email".  It'll probably be separate
>domains and/or IP addresses.

Well if personal accounts can have read-only access, then you can just 
route business email to their personal boxes which would remain the same.


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To: gep2@terabites.com, asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 01:18:32 -0400

At 12:42 AM 6/28/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> >> There was some more fundamental (but probably premature)
> >discussion of "consent" early in the life this group.
>
> > The charter goes on and on about consent, however aside from Gordon's HTML
>blocking thread, there has been no discussion of that.
>
>I think that my approach, with sender/recipient-pair-based permissions 
>list and
>a (perhaps multi-stage) transition strategy as I suggested would clearly 
>make a
>big reduction in spam volume (bytes at least), and the system is simple 
>enough
>that users could understand and deal with it.
>
>I think it's a big bonus that it (the SAME mechanism) also would take a big
>chunk out of viruses/worms/trojans (and I spent the last half of today
>disinfecting three systems at one of my consulting clients... all three 
>systems
>had multiple infections of Bugbear and Klez... several variants of each).
>
>I also like the fact that my approach doesn't require a global consensus 
>or even
>a "standard" for how to implement it.  It can be implemented on an ISP-by-ISP
>basis incrementally.

There have been many approaches discussed in the group. My problem is that 
all of these approaches can be fit into a general framework of either 
network abuse model or consent model, and would make it easier to deal with 
all of them since many common features would stand out and can be compared 
easier. I would like to define these frameworks as per charter, and then 
see how different anti-spam approaches including yours will fit in and 
compare them.

Yakov 


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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 01:22:06 -0400

At 01:38 PM 6/28/2003 -0400, Alan DeKok wrote:
>[..]
>   Let's face it, SMTP (as it was in the 1980's) is irrevocably dead.
>Spam has killed it, and we need to accept that fact.  Whether the new
>non-spammy protocol is SMTP++, or something else, is irrelevant.  We
>need to do *something* more than believe that SMTP was created by God,
>and that anyone changing it will be cursed forever.

SMTP is not the only problem here - its the very nature of the Internet 
itself - the whole TCP/IP suite. Many of Internet protocols have been built 
as open systems inherently trusting all users of the network to behave 
themselves. I think that the problem goes much deeper than simply SMTP - it 
affects all of Internet protocols. SMTP and spam is a specific example, 
just like DDOS, viruses, worms, and other stuff.

Yakov 


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Jun 29 01:39:51 2003
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 01:37:38 -0400

It seems to me that the members of the group are looking at the spam 
problem from two different angles:

1. Network Abuse - some people including Barry Shain and Eric Brunner 
specifically, have been proposing that we look at the entire spam problem 
as one of network abuse. The Internet in general, and SMTP in particular, 
have been built as open systems trusting all network users to behave 
themselves. Spam is caused by those users abusing the network and its 
resources.
2. Consent - others in particular, the people or person who wrote the group 
charter, propose that spam be viewed as an issue of consent. Spam is caused 
by the fact that the receivers have no mechanisms in place to be able to 
express their consent to receiving email.

Thus, all of the proposals fall into three general categories:
1. Network Abuse - these proposals are the ones that look at the underlying 
nature of email and trying to fix or correct the abuse problem. This 
includes RMX, rDNS, certificates in DNS, distributed spam detection systems 
such as DCC, systems for detecting open relays and proxies, creating a 
separate email system, moving from SMTP to a different protocol, charging 
for sending email, etc.
2. Consent - these proposals do not try to block the email at the sender's 
end, or as at being transferred over the network. Instead, they concentrate 
solely at the receiver's point. These proposals define various mechanisms 
and structures through which the receiver (or his ISP), can his or her 
consent about wanting to receive email. These include trusted sender 
systems (like Habeas), filtering systems based on message content (like 
SpamAssasin, HTML blocking), C/R systems, systems based on passwords 
(Selby's proposal for lock-and-key), manual whitelists, etc.
3. Combination - these includes combination systems like filtering on 
receiver's end based on a blacklist of open proxies, etc.

The problem is that many of these approaches if implemented independently 
of each other, would not be able to operate together as a cohesive system, 
and in some cases interfere with each other. I would like to see these two 
models of spam and three approaches to anti-spam defined clearly so we can 
work out a cohesive model of how to fight spam.

Yakov


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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 02:11:52 -0400

It seems to me that the members of the group are looking at the spam 
problem from two different angles:

1. Network Abuse - some people including Barry Shain and Eric Brunner 
specifically, have been proposing that we look at the entire spam problem 
as one of network abuse. The Internet in general, and SMTP in particular, 
have been built as open systems trusting all network users to behave 
themselves. Spam is caused by those users abusing the network and its 
resources.
2. Consent - others in particular, the people or person who wrote the group 
charter, propose that spam be viewed as an issue of consent. Spam is caused 
by the fact that the receivers have no mechanisms in place to be able to 
express their consent to receiving email.

Thus, all of the proposals fall into three general categories:
1. Network Abuse - these proposals are the ones that look at the underlying 
nature of email and trying to fix or correct the abuse problem. This 
includes RMX, rDNS, certificates in DNS, distributed spam detection systems 
such as DCC, systems for detecting open relays and proxies, creating a 
separate email system, moving from SMTP to a different protocol, charging 
for sending email, etc.
2. Consent - these proposals do not try to block the email at the sender's 
end, or as at being transferred over the network. Instead, they concentrate 
solely at the receiver's point. These proposals define various mechanisms 
and structures through which the receiver (or his ISP), can his or her 
consent about wanting to receive email. These include trusted sender 
systems (like Habeas), filtering systems based on message content (like 
SpamAssasin, HTML blocking), C/R systems, systems based on passwords 
(Selby's proposal for lock-and-key), manual whitelists, etc.
3. Combination - these includes combination systems like filtering on 
receiver's end based on a blacklist of open proxies, etc.

The problem is that many of these approaches if implemented independently 
of each other, would not be able to operate together as a cohesive system, 
and in some cases interfere with each other. I would like to see these two 
models of spam and three approaches to anti-spam defined clearly so we can 
work out a cohesive model of how to fight spam.

Yakov 


_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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From: "Eric Greenberg" <eric@netframeworks.com>
To: <asrg@johnlevine.com>, <research@solidmatrix.com>, <Asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Re: [Asrg] Bogus News Article - FTC's do-not-call  registry email blocked by Yahoo
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 03:25:33 -0400
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Yakov's response is completely correct. Essentially all spam at Yahoo =
(using
Spam Guard) is blocked and placed into a bulk mail folder. Therefore, =
there
is no distinction between saying that a mail message was "placed in the =
bulk
mail folder" or "blocked by spam filters" when referring to the Yahoo =
spam
service.

The FTC confirmations were, without question, placed into a bulk mail =
folder
in the morning the FTC site was brought online. Anyone wishing a screen =
shot
can email me directly and I will provide it to them. Missed FTC mail
confirmation messages were not caused by Yahoo mail servers being =
overloaded
at the time we ran our test (thereby hypothetically causing a delay in =
mail
delivery.) Instead, we observed that the FTC confirmation messages =
reached
the Yahoo bulk spam mail folder within 3 minutes after sign-up on the =
FTC
do-not-call website.

For those subscribing to the Yahoo Spam Guard service, the majority of
typical end-users would never inspect their bulk mail (spam) folder =
looking
for a message in my opinion. They may not even know that a bulk mail =
folder
exists. Yes it is a fall back for legitimate email flagged as spam. =
However,
in my opinion, only highly experienced Internet would know to inspect =
this
bulk spam folder on Yahoo or any other similar online mail service for
legitimate email flagged as spam.

As for the rule set used by Yahoo Spam Guard to place the message into =
the
bulk mail folder and thus effectively block it from the common users =
view,
it wasn't simply a source IP address based on our tests. While it is
possible that an unexpected surge in traffic from the original FTC IP
address range that caused an initial filter to be put in place (one =
theory
put forward by Yahoo's responses in the press), at the particular moment =
in
time we ran our tests, it appeared to be a content filter. This is =
because
we attempted to forward the same content between Yahoo email addresses
(using a simple forward from their bulk mail address) and discovered =
that
the forwarded message was also blocked. This indicated that, whatever =
the
initial basis for a filter, at this point Yahoo's systems had responded =
by
blocking mail with that particular content signature and not, for =
example,
based on source IP address.

The press coverage of this event precipitated action on the part of spam
system operators including Yahoo to assure that they were not blocking =
these
confirmations. Our simple calculations indicate that the effect of users
re-registering as a result of them not receiving these confirmations =
(and
thus assuming they needed to repeat the process since the FTC site =
implied
they'd receive a confirmation message shortly) could produce a =
substantial
unnecessary performance burden on the FTC servers and related network. =
In my
opinion it also heightened user and government awareness as to the
importance of privacy technology. People on this list understand that =
this
technology demands further investment, advancement, and adoption, but =
the
general public, while understanding the problem, may not understand how
difficult it is, and arbitrary it becomes. In my opinion, the deeper =
their
understanding, the more focus they are willing to provide-- such is the =
case
with all of security, it begins as education.

Regards,

Eric Greenberg
Chief Technical Officer
NetFrameworks, Inc.
http://www.NetFrameworks.com


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 11:16:26 +0100

> > If no-one is using (receiving) email, why will the spammers
> > send it?
> 
> 
>   At that extreme, they won't.  Then people will start using email
> again, because there's no spam.  Then the spammers will attack again.
> Repeat until you regurgitate.  This isn't difficult to figure out...
> 

Ahh... hyperbole. But that's only one possible extrapolation of the
dynamics of the problem.

> 
>   Spammers will increase the volume of their traffic until they are
> just barely more than breaking even.  That's guaranteed.  I'll bet
> money that the number of people using email then will be lower than it
> is today, and that those people will have massively increased costs
> for their SMTP infrastructure.  

It's a problem in co-evolution really isn't it? Like a host/parasite thing.
A parasite that kills its host is a poor parasite. A host that expends
resources it can't afford in fighting the parasite will probably die of
something else.


>I still believe it's substantially true,
> though.  The vast majority of people will simply give up on email once
> spam becomes too much trouble to deal with.  I'll include ISP's in
> that, too.


I'm not certain of this.

> 
>   Then what?  We'll probably have SMTP for people willing to put up
> with the deluge of spam, and eventually a new, non-spammy protocol for
> people who have gotten frustrated with the "fingers in the ears"
> attitude towards changing SMTP.  But for a long period, there will be
> duplicate email systems, and massive political fights.
> 

Maybe. I don't know, it may be that the problem is self-limiting.
As spam gets worse, imperfect "solutions" are deployed which keep the
amount of spam *seen* just about at a minor nuisance level. In which case,
the pressure to produce a radical solution is never strong enough to
justify the cost, no matter how elegant and technically attractive it is.

This is just another possible extrapolation of spam dynamics.
I'm not sure it's true either.

Equally, external factors (some change in legislation perhaps, sudden
popular shift to some form of Instant Messaging) may
change the way things develop. 

>   Let's face it, SMTP (as it was in the 1980's) is irrevocably dead.
> Spam has killed it, and we need to accept that fact.  Whether the new
> non-spammy protocol is SMTP++, or something else, is irrelevant.  We
> need to do *something* more than believe that SMTP was created by God,
> and that anyone changing it will be cursed forever.
> 

It's clear that spammers depend on features of SMTP and the nature of the
network. Many anti-spam proposals are effectively new protocols (with more
handshaking, authentication etc) *layered* on SMTP. Some mechanisms
(e.g. use of "blackhole" lists) effectively modify the connectedness of
the network. The advantage of doing things in these ways, rather than
replacing SMTP or creating private networks is that you can more easily be
backward compatible, don't rely on universal deployment and can
deliver (in many cases) now (or soon). Of course, they're not likely to be
perfect. They may not address all the aspects of the problem, just the ones
that the people who pay care enough about.

That said, if and when the SMTP++BONE (or whatever) is created I'll be
happy to try to convince my boss that we should hook up to it. Let's hope
it's not too expensive.








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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:

>> On our spamtrap, we see machines making _thousands_ of transactions 
>> that consist of only:
>>         HELO somevalue
>>         QUIT

> Have you considering the possibility that they are checking for RMX/rDNS 
> compliance?

Repeating exactly the same test 20,000+ times in a day?

I don't think so.


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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 13:54:03 +0000

Thankyou once again for your comments.  Please find my responses in the body 
of the message.  This post relates to the 'GIEIS' Anti-Spam system which can 
be located at:

Http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

Mark McCarron.

>At 9:46 PM +0000 6/28/03, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>This list has had this type of discussion before.
>>Those are approximately the requirements=20
>>necessary for an SSL certificate.&nbsp; SSL=20
>>certificates currently last one year at about=20
>>$100/cert.&nbsp; The margins are such that virtually=20
>
>
>
>>This system does not use SSL nor will it ever.  It will use (most likely) 
>>a modified version of a PGP source as the basis of it's encryption method. 
>>  Therefore, the prices you quoted are not accurate.
>
>I didn't say it would use SSL.  I said that your background check 
>requirements are approximately equivalent to those required for getting an 
>SSL certificate.  Therefore I would expect your costs to be (at a minimum) 
>the same.  However since you have a great deal of verification requirements 
>*after* purchase that Certs don't have, your costs will be a great deal 
>more.
>


Mark's Response:

SSL background checks are designed to make a profit.  The 'GIEIS' system is 
not.  Most information requests are automated between 'GIEIS' and ISP.  The 
costs would be minimal and nowhere near what you are suggesting.


>>Individuals who run mail servers for there own private use will not have 
>>access to 'GIEIS'.  They should move to an email client and connect 
>>through an ISPs 'EAS'.  Also, no credit card, no access.
>
>>If adopted by the major industry players of ISP and email, there would be 
>>nothing the rest of the world could do about it.  Even through legal 
>>challanges.  There is no law stating you cannot take all reasonable steps 
>>to protect your network.
>
>Both of these statements indicate that you are living in a very different 
>world that the rest of us.  That's not how the world functions.  You do not 
>have an accurate picture of how the email system is structured and how 
>companies do business.  As a result you have created a system that does not 
>apply to reality.
>


Mark's response:

I have created a system that spammers do not like, not only that but the 
same applies to a lot of software companies to.  Spamming is a very 
profitable business.  So profitable in fact, that they hire people to sit on 
Anti-Spam mailing lists and post nonsense all day long.  Add to this, those 
who are avocating the use of certain 'Anti-Spam' software by certain 
companies and people's agenda's become clear.  This system has been tested 
in the real world, it stopped 100,000 spam emails with 100% sucess.   Also, 
just for your information, I have been the Director of E-business for 
several major websites over the last few years and I have installed enough 
networks in my time, so I know full well how companies do business.  You 
don't seem to be absorbing the fact that I am changing the way email is 
structured.


>>This document and system is not here to pass a 'popularity' test with 
>>Internet users.  It is aimed at the large corporations with the cash-flow 
>>to support
>
>That cash flow comes because email is popular with users.  Your system 
>would make email so difficult and expensive to use that the cash flow would 
>dry up.  (Not that it's there to the extent that you seem to believe.)
>

Mark's Response:

Nonsense.  Please post your financial breakdown which supports this view.


>
>>  the system.  Not only will this system eliminate spam, but the majority 
>>of email based assaults on remote machines, chain-mail, and scam emails.  
>>The system will be between 99-100% effective and will run a zero-tolerance 
>>program.
>
>So would a world-wide dictatorship.  But that doesn't mean we want one.
>


Mark's response:

Not really an arguement now is it?


>>What is a &quot;bonafide&quot; website, and how do you tell?
>>
>>
>>Mark's response:
>>
>>By making the hosting company part liable under our 'Terms of Agreement' 
>>without which, they cannot send emails.  Also, further checks are done 
>>with the ISP involved, who must provide a written reference sponsoring 
>>them to 'GIEIS'.
>
>Whoa!  Now you're not only going to require registration of email servers, 
>but also of everyone who hosts a web server that corresponds to an email 
>domain!  You need to do some serious research on how email and hosting 
>really works.
>

Mark's response:

Again, I am changing the way email operates.  If I didn't know how the 
system works in the first place, how could I suggest a replacement?   Also, 
I don't see anyone posting here on how they could bypass the system.  Looks 
pretty solid to me.


>>fraudulent email of any form through forced measures.  'GIEIS' is designed 
>>to be the equivilent of a digital army.  Of course the infrastructure 
>>exists, we
>
>And I thought I was joking about the dictatorship thing.
>


Mark's response:

Under any democratic system you have the right to defend yourself.  This is 
no different.



>>  can currently send that volume, there is no problem in analysing it too. 
>>  If government agencies can perform heuristics of over 50 Million voice 
>>communications in 30 minutes
>>then analysing email will be a walk-in-the-park.
>
>I know that some people fantasize about such things (and black 
>helicopters).  But as you stated above, your experience is not on the 
>technical end.  Transporting billions of email messages without content 
>analysis is something that the internet can currently do (on a good day).  
>Analyzing them all and coordinating authentication with a centralized 
>system is not.  You'll just have to take my word on that as someone who's 
>been building mail systems for close to twenty years.
>


Mark's response:

My experience is on the technical side.  You see, when your a mathematician, 
technical subjects, especially digital communications is very easy.  Add to 
this an extensive background in network engineering, electronic engineering, 
RF communications, Microwave Communications, Lazer DXing, software 
engineering, web development, protocol development and database engineering 
not to mention my business management skills.  Then, I think you could say, 
I know what I'm talking about.  You may be 'building' mail systems, however, 
I design that type of equiptment from board level up.  Your not dealing with 
some end luser here.


>>the world already have this capability.  As for upgrading millions of 
>>users, there is already a push for the new IP standard to be
>>implemented by the US Military.  It would be no different than this, give 
>>it 6
>
>By the military?  IPv6 has been "pushed" for years now by lots of people 
>(hadn't heard about the military though).  The fact that it has not been 
>implemented is in fact often used as an example of why proposals like yours 
>are bound to fail.
>


Mark's Response:

Shows us how much you keep on top of this subject.  The US military from 
2004 will require IPv6 compatibility.  Please refer to reuters for the press 
release on this.



>>Social and political concerns are of no interest.  It is technically 
>>feasible,
>
>Email is a social phenomenon, not a technical one.  Anyone who thinks that 
>any solution can be deployed that does not take social and political 
>constraints into account needs to do a little work in the real world.


Mark's response:

Please list some 'political' constraints.  I would like to see those.  Also, 
as far as the end user is concerned the only difference they will notice 
will be a graphic being downloaded and a delay between emails.  It would 
take longer to send a message via Hotmail's web based interface and since 
they have over 200 Million accounts, I think society in large has already 
proved that point for me.

Mark McCarron.

_________________________________________________________________
Hotmail messages direct to your mobile phone http://www.msn.co.uk/msnmobile


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To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 29 Jun 2003 11:16:26 BST."
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 09:57:46 -0400

"Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com> wrote:
> > The vast majority of people will simply give up on email once
> > spam becomes too much trouble to deal with.  I'll include ISP's in
> > that, too.
> 
> I'm not certain of this.

  It's happening already to people I know.  A friends grandmother set
up an email address to talk to her grandchildren.  She gets 3-4 "real"
email a week, and 5-10 porn spams a week.  That was too problematic,
so she gave up on email, and went back to the telephone.

  Vernon's recent message is at least partially correct.  Some current
anti-spam systems have made a difference for some people.  What he's
missing is that they haven't made enough of a difference for people
like my friends grandmother.  He's also shown his hand (IMHO), and
explained for the first time why he's opposed to solutions which
involve the IETF: his anti-spam system is a workable band-aid.

  But band-aids aren't considered good patient care.  Cures are.

> The advantage of doing things in these ways, rather than replacing
> SMTP or creating private networks is that you can more easily be
> backward compatible, don't rely on universal deployment and can
> deliver (in many cases) now (or soon). Of course, they're not likely
> to be perfect. They may not address all the aspects of the problem,
> just the ones that the people who pay care enough about.

  What amazes me is the opposition to anything *other* than short-term
band-aids.

  Alan DeKok.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Jun 29 10:29:29 2003
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From: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: [Asrg] Kee Hinckley's Fascist NGO
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:26:43 +0000

Part of civil liberities is the right to defend yourself, family, friends, 
and property.  The 'GIEIS' system protects those who sign up to its 
infrastructure and defends those civil liberties.  So, Ken obviously feels 
that defending your own property is a Fascist idea.

Maybe the truth of the matter is that he is here advertising an Anti-Spam 
system by messagefire.com.  A company that 'GIEIS' would make redundant 
overnight.  Its quite clear that he's not above above slander and lies to 
achieve that too.

But it won't work.

Mark McCarron.



>Message: 20
>Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 20:57:54 -0400
>To: asrg@ietf.org
>From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
>Subject: Re: [Asrg] The Solution To Spam - The Second Response
>
>I've replied to this off-list (what can I say, I'm a sucker).
>However my recommendation (if anyone cares) is that further on-list
>replies to this proposal are a waste of bandwidth.  We have quite
>enough pointless battles as it is.  Battling over whether it's
>feasible to implement a fascist NGO with complete control over your
>company's ability to send email is probably not something we need to
>do.
>--
>Kee Hinckley
>http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
>http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society
>
>I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
>responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
>everyone else's.
>
>
>--__--__--
>
>Message: 21
>Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 22:07:07 -0400
>To: asrg@ietf.org
>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>Subject: [Asrg] News Article - FTC's do-not-call registry email blocked by
>  Yahoo
>
>Just as some feared, Yahoo's spam filters blocked confirmation emails from
>the FTC's Do Not Call registry according to a Wired New Article
>(http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,59427,00.html).
>
>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
>SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
>the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
>
>--__--__--
>
>_______________________________________________
>Asrg mailing list
>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>
>
>End of Asrg Digest

_________________________________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
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On 29 Jun 2003, at 11:16, Jon Kyme wrote:
[ Quoting Alan DeKok}
> >  The vast majority of people will simply give up on email once
> > spam becomes too much trouble to deal with.  I'll include ISP's in
> > that, too.
> 
> I'm not certain of this.

There is considerable evidence that it's already begun.

I heard an interesting stoy on the subject on NPR's "On The Meda" 
yesterday.  It plays on many stations over the weekend -- you can 
find links to live broadcasts at: 

<http://publicradiofan.com/cgi-bin/program.pl?programid=69>

... or you can wait until they post the audio and transcript of the 
segment "Net Dropouts" at <http://www.wnyc.org/onthemedia/>.

The Pew Trust report on which they are reporting can be found at 
<http://www.pewinternet.org/reports/toc.asp?Report=88>.  A quick 
reading indicates that spam is only one contributing factor to the 
more general "problems with Internet Service Providers" cause for 
what the study calls "Net Dropouts".


--
Tom Betz, System Administrator
Greyston Foundation
Phone 914-376-3903 ext 230
Processing the finest bytes since 1982...

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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 09:11:52 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>

> ...
>   Vernon's recent message is at least partially correct.  Some current
> anti-spam systems have made a difference for some people.  What he's
> missing is that they haven't made enough of a difference for people
> like my friends grandmother.  He's also shown his hand (IMHO), and
> explained for the first time why he's opposed to solutions which
> involve the IETF: his anti-spam system is a workable band-aid.

In point of fact, the DCC is responsible for keeping only a trivial
amount of spam out of my personal mail box.  The vast majority is
filtered from my mailbox by other means.  Besides, as I have said,
the DCC was not and is not intended deal with the current flood of
spam, although it does surprisingly well at it (again, not for my
mailbox).  Instead the DCC is intended to deal with the spam that will
replace the current sort after the DMA has dealt with the current sort.

Mr. DeKok has shown his hand (IMHO) in his comment (again).  He is one
of the respected leaders and gurus of spam fighting here to order the
efforts of the designers, coders, implementors, testers, and installers.


>   But band-aids aren't considered good patient care.  Cures are.

By that reasoning, absolutely no spam solution is good, because
absolutely no spam solution can cure spam.

An interesting fact about medical care is that the vast majority of
patents get better despite the best medical care or are made sicker.
That's not to say that medical care is not very valuable, but that
except for a few ailments like broken bones, your main hope for getting
better is in providence.  Worse, except for a very few special cases
like smallpox, there are only bandaids for individuals suffers and
no real cures, and the case of the final cure of smallpox is not clear.

Another fact about medical care is how much of what we spend on on
medical care goes to those who document, direct, and control its
delivery compared to those who actually deliver care or make drugs
or appliances.


> ...
>   What amazes me is the opposition to anything *other* than short-term
> band-aids.

There's no opposition to *doing* things.  You are welcome to stop leading
and teaching and switch to doing.  You could take the best of the unjustly
criticized ideas and implement and deploy it, but you won't.  You will
continue to tell us how wonderful things would be if only those of us who
do things would follow your advice, just as contributors to other IRTF
and IETF mailing lists have for years been pointing egregious flaws such
as TCP sequence numbers that count bytes instead of records and congestion
control that uses packet loss instead of explicit messages.

The most common response to my charge is something about the
unfairness of entrenched monopolies and that someone should force
the doers of the world to do as the self-described experts direct.

That's ever the case with real research.  Van Jacobson didn't have
a fraction as much to say about the major problems in the Internet
as others did before (or after) he designed, implemented, tested,
and deployed slow start.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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To: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
cc: asrg@ietf.org, brunner@nic-naa.net
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 29 Jun 2003 09:11:52 MDT."
             <200306291511.h5TFBqGM001351@calcite.rhyolite.com> 
From: Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 11:20:25 -0400

> Mr. DeKok has shown his hand (IMHO) in his comment (again).  He is one
> of the respected leaders and gurus of spam fighting here to order the

Well, I'd say he's got a lot of venom, and not a lot of bite, but didn't
he leave asrg because I was insufficiently admiring???

Qualities of leadership that simply stagger the mind...

Eric

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
To: "Alan DeKok"  <aland@freeradius.org>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 16:39:47 +0100

> > > The vast majority of people will simply give up on email once
> > > spam becomes too much trouble to deal with.  I'll include ISP's in
> > > that, too.
> > 
> > I'm not certain of this.
> 
> 
>   It's happening already to people I know.  A friends grandmother set

But this is anecdote. It's got nothing to do with a meaningful prediction
about the email use of "The vast majority".

>   What amazes me is the opposition to anything *other* than short-term
> band-aids.
> 

I would be very glad to see a radical solution which does away with the
problem once and for all and has a sensible deployment path. Really. I'd
want to buy in tomorrow. Who wouldn't ? Band-aid salesmen I guess.






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From: Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com>
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 09:53:22 -0600 (MDT)

> From: tbetz@pobox.com

> ...
> > >  The vast majority of people will simply give up on email once
> > > spam becomes too much trouble to deal with.  I'll include ISP's in
> > > that, too.
> > 
> > I'm not certain of this.
>
> There is considerable evidence that it's already begun.
>
> I heard an interesting stoy on the subject on NPR's "On The Meda" 

The old mass media including NPR hated the Internet at the start.
Then they fell in love with it and how it was to transform humanity.
Then they switched to talking about it being over the hill.
To see how widely and long they've been flogging "net dropouts," see
http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Net+Dropouts%22

>...
> The Pew Trust report on which they are reporting can be found at 
> <http://www.pewinternet.org/reports/toc.asp?Report=88>.  A quick 
> reading indicates that spam is only one contributing factor to the 
> more general "problems with Internet Service Providers" cause for 
> what the study calls "Net Dropouts".


My take follows that of people who know a lot more about the ISP
business than I do.  It is that many ISPs are still selling below cost
and trying to make it up in volume.   Unlike the colorful TV advertisers
that popularized that phrase, ISPs not saying that out loud and it's
true.  Worse, their volume is not increasing as it once was and that
is dimming hopes that signing up more users will get them into the black.
Instead of admitting that email is only mail, surf'in da web is merely
a computer game, and that most people have better things to do, they'll
leap on the hope that if they solve spam, they'll get profitable.
And by the way, the reason they're not profitable today is the $3 to
$100 per user per month that they are spending fighting spam--NOT!


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
To: <tbetz@pobox.com>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 16:54:51 +0100

> On 29 Jun 2003, at 11:16, Jon Kyme wrote:
> [ Quoting Alan DeKok}
> > >  The vast majority of people will simply give up on email once
> > > spam becomes too much trouble to deal with.  I'll include ISP's in
> > > that, too.
> > 
> > I'm not certain of this.
> 
> 
> There is considerable evidence that it's already begun.
> 

I didn't question that it may have "begun".
I don't believe that it'll just go on until the limit ("NO ONE" or even
"The vast majority").


> 
> The Pew Trust report on which they are reporting can be found at 
> <http://www.pewinternet.org/reports/toc.asp?Report=88>.  A quick 
> reading indicates that spam is only one contributing factor to the 
> more general "problems with Internet Service Providers" cause for 
> what the study calls "Net Dropouts".
> 

Thank you, I shall certainly read this. I gather it applies to the US
market?




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 Accountability
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 12:13:06 -0400
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Jean-Christophe Bandini wrote:

>> The point is to allow a receiver to verify that the claimed sending 
>> server is, in fact, the one that sent the message. The method will 
>> verify spammer's machines just as well as non-spammers.
>
>
> Yes i understood that part.
>
>>     Right. So, don't refuse them. Simply mark them as "suspect." 
>> Then, let the mail clients deal with presenting them, filing them in 
>> "gray inboxes" etc. 
>
>
> Yes that's equivalent to what i meant by "ability to increase
> probability of an email being spam if sender is not verified."
> which you seemed to disagree with later on.
>
>>     Wrong. You don't have to make domain creation expensive in order 
>> to have confidence in white/black domain lists as long as you can 
>> verify the source of a message. My proposal allows you to have 
>> confidence in the utility of your lists even though it adds zero cost 
>> to domain creation.
>
>
> You lost me here. Here is what i meant and may be my thinking
> is flawed but let me try again: the spammer can create every
> day at sunrise a _new_ domain and its associated free signing cert,
> then spend the day happily spamming. At the receiving end, i see
> a new sender domain which is 'signed or verified' but i dont
> know yet it is a spammer because that domain appeared today so
> it is not in my black list yet. By the time i put it in my black
> list the spammer has already moved on and start using a fresh
> verified sender domain.
>
> This is exactly what spammers are doing today with domains in
> spamvertised URLs: they use one or more new domains daily.
>
> Making it more difficult to create new verified domains
> (using economics or not) would make black listing much more
> valuable in a world with verified senders.

Once we have verified senders, and thus blacklists that can accurately 
record what domains and servers have spammed, we can introduce a delay 
in the system to cross-check incoming mail against other servers and the 
recipient server's own inbound traffic. If it sees a large volume of 
messages from one sender, it can blacklist it before delivering the 
suspect messages.
Although this could cause a slow-down in email delivery, and possibly 
increased server loads, it would present a fairly strong defense against 
mass-mailed spam.

Philip Miller



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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 29 Jun 2003 09:11:52 MDT."
             <200306291511.h5TFBqGM001351@calcite.rhyolite.com> 
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 12:47:01 -0400

Vernon Schryver <vjs@calcite.rhyolite.com> wrote:
> Mr. DeKok has shown his hand (IMHO) in his comment (again).  He is one
> of the respected leaders and gurus of spam fighting here to order the
> efforts of the designers, coders, implementors, testers, and installers.

  Unlike others here (pointedly pointing), I've never claimed to be a
leader, an expert, a guru, or any other kind of wonderful person
relating to spam fighting.  I do, however, claim to believe my
opinions are worth something.  I also claim to be able to show logical
errors and inconsistencies in the arguments of others.

  I've never claimed or tried to "order the efforts" of anyone.

  Vernon, please don't create & attack straw men.  It wastes your
valuable time.

> >   But band-aids aren't considered good patient care.  Cures are.
> 
> By that reasoning, absolutely no spam solution is good, because
> absolutely no spam solution can cure spam.

  Once again, you're stuck on absolutes.  As my messages to this list
have repeatedly demonstrated, I do not propose or believe in
absolutes, or perfect solutions.  The only way my statement can be
intrpreted as an absolute is by ignoring all of my previous history in
this list.

> There's no opposition to *doing* things.

  I disagree.  You have consistently opposed (or silently ignored) any
request which would even potentially discuss having you change your
network behaviour.

>  You are welcome to stop leading and teaching and switch to doing.

  Since I've never said I *wasn't*, this is another straw man.

>  You could take the best of the unjustly criticized ideas and
> implement and deploy it, but you won't.

  <shrug>  Another absolute statement from someone who's unaware of my
off-ASRG activities.

> The most common response to my charge is something about the
> unfairness of entrenched monopolies and that someone should force
> the doers of the world to do as the self-described experts direct.

  ... which leads to very nice dictatorial regimes for the experts,
and horrible evil for everyone else.

> That's ever the case with real research.  Van Jacobson didn't have
> a fraction as much to say about the major problems in the Internet
> as others did before (or after) he designed, implemented, tested,
> and deployed slow start.

  Ah, that's my mistake.  I had assumed that ASRG was here to allow us
to reach consensus on the problem, and approaches to a solution.  I
see now that we should go back to *real* experts like Van Jacobson,
and not self-appointed experts, like, well..., not me.

  But who decides, Vernon?

  Alan DeKok.

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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 29 Jun 2003 11:20:25 EDT."
             <200306291520.h5TFKPgg004336@nic-naa.net> 
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 12:52:32 -0400

Eric Brunner-Williams in Portland Maine <brunner@nic-naa.net> wrote:
> Well, I'd say he's got a lot of venom, and not a lot of bite, but didn't
> he leave asrg because I was insufficiently admiring???

  No... I got frustrated at your attitude that:

  a) I should shut up and stop contributing because I wasn't a widely
     acknowledged expert
  b) you were an expert
  c) you refused to draw on any of your expertise to justify your
     opinions
  d) when I told you that your thinking was a well-known logical fallacy,
  e) you complained to the chair, and asked him to censure me for
     my off-list messages to you.

> Qualities of leadership that simply stagger the mind...

  Quite.

  Alan DeKok.

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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 29 Jun 2003 16:39:47 BST."
             <E19WeHL-0000Ft-00@argon.connect.org.uk> 
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 12:55:58 -0400

"Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com> wrote:
> >   It's happening already to people I know.  A friends grandmother set
> 
> But this is anecdote. It's got nothing to do with a meaningful prediction
> about the email use of "The vast majority".

  I understand.  From my personal experience, I have been hearing
these anecdotes more and more often.  Lacking sufficient time and
resources to do a statistically meaningfull poll on the subject, I
formed preliminary opinions based on the information I had access to.

  Alan DeKok.

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] The Solution To Spam - The Second Response
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 18:39:18 +0100

At 21:46 +0000 28/6/03, Mark McCarron wrote:
>Mark's Response:
>
>You don't know I am a mathematician and a trained UK accountant as well.
>So, I will not be harsh on you :)  Productivity costs, refers to increased
>wage/production payments.  This is an expense, a VERY real cash-flow, I can
>assure you.  The same goes for lost business opportunities, this is source
>of capital, another VERY real cash-flow.  Their reference to $12 Billion is
>therefore, extremely literal.  These costs are not spread across millions of
>people, no one has the time to do research like that.  Quotes like that are
>often solely based upon the Fortune 500 companies.

Those who are not on the RIPE Anti-SPAM WG mailing list will have missed
this introduction that Mark made there:

--==--
I fully understand that this mailing list is
non-technical, however, maybe some of you know people
who develop these systems and can pass it along.

I have been reading the open letter regarding spam by
Bill Gates.  I used to work for MSN UK as technical
support and I addressed this issue with them in
1997/1998.  At that stage MSN's email servers were open
to the world, although filters were in place, I found
that I could send spam without to many problems.

I have considered this problem extensivly for the last
5 or 6 years and have developed a solution.  This
solution is highly cost-effective and eliminates
challange-response systems.
--==--

To call a RIPE list non-technical is interesting however a quick google
search also shows up:

>"And Mark McCarron, an associate and advisory board member of
>The Great Pyramid of Giza Research Association, wrote a research
>article called "The Epsilon Theory."  Mark calls it "Wild Speculation."
>Nevertheless, he may have discovered how to regenerate living tissue!
>The article may be viewed in the Development section of his website,
>The Case for the Giza Necropolis Primer, at:
>
>     http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis/index.html

He also claimed on the RIPE list that he has approached 500 ISPs and within
a day 90% said that they would deploy his proposed system. He was
unfortunatly unable to provide us with any names or references.

In short I would suggest that we do not feed the troll.

Cheers

	f


PS SInce

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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 12:11:14 -0600 (MDT)

> From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>

> > Mr. DeKok has shown his hand (IMHO) in his comment (again).  He is one
> > of the respected leaders and gurus of spam fighting here to order the
> > efforts of the designers, coders, implementors, testers, and installers.
>
>   Unlike others here (pointedly pointing), I've never claimed to be a
> leader, an expert, a guru, or any other kind of wonderful person
> relating to spam fighting.  I do, however, claim to believe my
> opinions are worth something.  

Pundits don't get to set the value of their own coinage.  The value
of your opinions, like the value of mine, is determined only by
those who receive our opinions.  For my part, when I hear opinions,
I value those based on relevant experience, measurements, or
experiements more than other sorts.


>                                I also claim to be able to show logical
> errors and inconsistencies in the arguments of others.

Your repeated claims of expertise in logic sound strange.  I doubt
my substantial post-graduate education in math with a concentration
on what is called in some circles "logic and foundations" is needed
to see the many errors and inconsistencies in your contributions.


>   I've never claimed or tried to "order the efforts" of anyone.

On the contrary, you did exactly that in this very message where you
objected not only to my words but to my silences.  Not only would do
you direct my coding and deploying away from "band-aids" like the DCC
toward your "cures," but you would control my criticisms.


>   Vernon, please don't create & attack straw men.  It wastes your
> valuable time.

Except for reading the messages about Greylisting, all my time spent on
this mailing list has been a dead loss for my spam fighting efforts.
Because I found sufficient Greylisting descriptions and comments at
least as trenchant elsewhere, even that doesn't count for ASRG.

I continue to be flabbergasted that the levels of relevant technical,
social, business, or political clues and of self-proclaimed but
otherwise baseless expertise on spam and spam fighting are respectively
far lower and higher in ASRG than in news.admin.net-abuse.email. 
I guess that shows how naive and unthinking I remain.  Someday maybe
I'll understand Sturgeon's Law.


> > >   But band-aids aren't considered good patient care.  Cures are.
> > 
> > By that reasoning, absolutely no spam solution is good, because
> > absolutely no spam solution can cure spam.
>
>   Once again, you're stuck on absolutes.  As my messages to this list
> have repeatedly demonstrated, I do not propose or believe in
> absolutes, or perfect solutions.  The only way my statement can be
> intrpreted as an absolute is by ignoring all of my previous history in
> this list.

Perhaps it would be interesting to turn your great talents and skills
in logic on your own statements.  As far as I can tell, logic applied
to your statements about "band-aids" not being "cures" for spam imply
that you favor spam "cures" or "absolutes, or perfect solutions."


> > There's no opposition to *doing* things.
>
>   I disagree.  You have consistently opposed (or silently ignored) any
> request which would even potentially discuss having you change your
> network behaviour.

So by not commenting on ideas I'm opposing them?  Yes, my words about
opposition to doing things were chosen poorly.  There is no effective
opposition to people doing their own things, but there is opposition to
self-proclaimed experts directing the efforts of doers, by the doers
themselves.  "Go-ers" are a standard problem in standards committees.


> ...
> >  You could take the best of the unjustly criticized ideas and
> > implement and deploy it, but you won't.
>
>   <shrug>  Another absolute statement from someone who's unaware of my
> off-ASRG activities.

On the contrary, your fame didn't exactly precede you, but it certainly
arrived soon after.  Or perhaps I checked too many of the wrong places.


> > The most common response to my charge is something about the
> > unfairness of entrenched monopolies and that someone should force
> > the doers of the world to do as the self-described experts direct.
>
>   ... which leads to very nice dictatorial regimes for the experts,
> and horrible evil for everyone else.

just as I predicted.


> > That's ever the case with real research.  Van Jacobson didn't have
> > a fraction as much to say about the major problems in the Internet
> > as others did before (or after) he designed, implemented, tested,
> > and deployed slow start.
>
>   Ah, that's my mistake.  I had assumed that ASRG was here to allow us
> to reach consensus on the problem, and approaches to a solution.  I
> see now that we should go back to *real* experts like Van Jacobson,
> and not self-appointed experts, like, well..., not me.
>
>   But who decides, Vernon?

Those who do will continue to decide what they will do.  Those whose
contributions involve applying great skill and talent in logic will
also continue.

Consensus is required only for those approaches that involve major
changes to existing protocols or other efforts coordinated among many
people (who not incidentally are doers instead of go-ers).  For various
general reasons, I doubt that any such broad-action spam solution is
possible and desirable, except for non-technical efforts like laws
that are out of the scope of the IRTF and IETF.

One of my failings is being slow about knowing when to quit.  I'm
outta here for at least the next month.  Feel free to construe my
silence as opposition to anything and everything.


Vernon Schryver    vjs@rhyolite.com

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To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>, asrg@ietf.org,
        "Paul Judge" <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:12:56 -0400

We are all here for the same purpose. Fighting will only increase 
discordance in the group which will make spammers much happier people.

Yakov

At 02:26 PM 6/29/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:

>Part of civil liberities is the right to defend yourself, family, friends, 
>and property.  The 'GIEIS' system protects those who sign up to its 
>infrastructure and defends those civil liberties.  So, Ken obviously feels 
>that defending your own property is a Fascist idea.
>
>Maybe the truth of the matter is that he is here advertising an Anti-Spam 
>system by messagefire.com.  A company that 'GIEIS' would make redundant 
>overnight.  Its quite clear that he's not above above slander and lies to 
>achieve that too.
>
>But it won't work.
>
>Mark McCarron.
>
>
>
>>Message: 20
>>Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 20:57:54 -0400
>>To: asrg@ietf.org
>>From: Kee Hinckley <nazgul@somewhere.com>
>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] The Solution To Spam - The Second Response
>>
>>I've replied to this off-list (what can I say, I'm a sucker).
>>However my recommendation (if anyone cares) is that further on-list
>>replies to this proposal are a waste of bandwidth.  We have quite
>>enough pointless battles as it is.  Battling over whether it's
>>feasible to implement a fascist NGO with complete control over your
>>company's ability to send email is probably not something we need to
>>do.
>>--
>>Kee Hinckley
>>http://www.messagefire.com/          Anti-Spam Service for your POP Account
>>http://commons.somewhere.com/buzz/   Writings on Technology and Society
>>
>>I'm not sure which upsets me more: that people are so unwilling to accept
>>responsibility for their own actions, or that they are so eager to regulate
>>everyone else's.
>>
>>
>>--__--__--
>>
>>Message: 21
>>Date: Sat, 28 Jun 2003 22:07:07 -0400
>>To: asrg@ietf.org
>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>Subject: [Asrg] News Article - FTC's do-not-call registry email blocked by
>>  Yahoo
>>
>>Just as some feared, Yahoo's spam filters blocked confirmation emails from
>>the FTC's Do Not Call registry according to a Wired New Article
>>(http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,59427,00.html).
>>
>>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>Yakov Shafranovich / <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>SolidMatrix Research, a division of SolidMatrix Technologies, Inc.
>>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>"One who watches the wind will never sow, and one who keeps his eyes on
>>the clouds will never reap" (Ecclesiastes 11:4)
>>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>--__--__--
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>Asrg mailing list
>>Asrg@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>>
>>
>>End of Asrg Digest
>
>_________________________________________________________________
>Express yourself with cool emoticons - download MSN Messenger today! 
>http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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>Asrg@ietf.org
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:14:29 -0400

At 09:02 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Chris Lewis wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
>>>On our spamtrap, we see machines making _thousands_ of transactions that 
>>>consist of only:
>>>         HELO somevalue
>>>         QUIT
>
>>Have you considering the possibility that they are checking for RMX/rDNS 
>>compliance?
>
>Repeating exactly the same test 20,000+ times in a day?
>
>I don't think so.

I meant the spammers - perhaps the spammers are checking different servers 
whether they implement RMX. 


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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:22:48 -0400

At 12:18 AM 6/27/2003 -0700, Howard Roth wrote:
>[..]
>
>Here's an idea about validating a message before I can ever see it.  This
>can be considered a consent-based concept, as it can be a parameter at the
>ISP end for each mail user. It adds quite a bit of overhead to the mail
>server as it requires two additional messages for each one sent.  I see it
>being part of the MTA process.  I send a message to someone.  The MTA
>replies to the message with a "proof of sender request, " basically a
>specially formatted email message that goes back to the server that sent it
>based on the return address.  The sender's MTA responds with a "confirmation
>request"  if it did send the message and the message is now available for
>download based on moving it from the pending directory to a user directory.
>If there is no response within a certain period the message is discarded.
>[..]

This has been proposed before by John Fenley as part of C/R systems (see 
this message 
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05173.html). 
I was thinking of putting it into the CRI protocol that Eric Dean is 
working on.

Yakov 


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To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Spam on cellphones
References: <5.2.0.9.2.20030629141445.00b3c458@solidmatrix.com>
From: Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
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 Shafranovich's message of "Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:14:47 -0400")
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 20:28:32 +0200

Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:

> There is no reason why cell phone companies around the world could
> not have developed a separate messaging framework NOT based on SMTP
> and email.

SMS (at least in GSM-based networks) differs a lot from email: limited
size, messages may be discarded etc.  It's certainly not similar to
SMTP.

Furthermore, this is not a new problem, it's already quite common in
countries with more pervasive mobile networking infrastructure.

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] In case anyone thought Barry was exaggerating 
To: "Alan DeKok"  <aland@freeradius.org>
From: "Jon Kyme" <jrk@merseymail.com>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 19:28:43 +0100

>Lacking sufficient time and
> resources to do a statistically meaningfull poll on the subject, I
> formed preliminary opinions based on the information I had access to.
> 

Others have formed other opinions. Some aren't as pessimistic as you. Some
believe that incrementally wider employment of current imperfect
"solutions" will be "good enough".

I'm aware of users of a webmail system complaining bitterly about the spam
they're delivered. This is because they haven't figured out how to "turn
on" the simple (and largely effective) anti-spam facility provided. I do a
user interface tweak (or change the default setting) and, bingo!, 100k
largely spam-free inboxes.

Time *will* tell.




--

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Spam on cellphones
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:33:06 -0400

At 08:28 PM 6/29/2003 +0200, Florian Weimer wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:
>
> > There is no reason why cell phone companies around the world could
> > not have developed a separate messaging framework NOT based on SMTP
> > and email.
>
>SMS (at least in GSM-based networks) differs a lot from email: limited
>size, messages may be discarded etc.  It's certainly not similar to
>SMTP.
>
>Furthermore, this is not a new problem, it's already quite common in
>countries with more pervasive mobile networking infrastructure.

I think but not 100% sure, but in the US SMS messages between carriers go 
over SMTP. However, many carriers operate email-to-SMS gateways which are 
probably how the spam gets to the users.

Yakov 


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To: <bob@wyman.us>, "'Jon Kyme'" <jrk@merseymail.com>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
Cc: "'ASRG'" <asrg@ietf.org>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:36:04 -0400

At 02:09 PM 6/27/2003 -0400, Bob Wyman wrote:

>Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > an overall consent framework
>         Yes, I'd like to see that framework... I think there are a
>number of questions that should be answered by it:
>
>         What is the "language" of consent? When you consent, what is it
>that you consent to? Or, when you withhold consent, what is it that you
>withhold consent for? In simple systems, consent is binary and focused
>only on senders. Either a sender may, or may not, send messages.

This is definitely an issue that needs to be defined. I think we need to 
define a broad overview of consent framework and then start working on 
specific issues such as this.

>However, some have proposed that consent be granted in a much more
>granular fashion. Thus, you should be able to consent based on a number
>of attributes such as:
>         0. Identity of sender
>         1. Size of message
>         2. Encoding of message (character sets, HTML, etc)
>         3. Source IP (presence on white/blacklists)
>         4. From: header matches with sending server (i.e. RMX, etc.)
>         5. Presence of signatures
>         6. Presence of attachments
>         7. Rate of message arrival (i.e. only 3 messages per day per
>sender...)
>         8. Words used in message. (i.e. no message using "bad" words)
>         9. Use of Multi-part MIME
>         10. etc...
>         The goal here should be to define the "language" of consent. To
>show what can be said and perhaps understand under what circumstances it
>is reasonable to say these things and what benefit can come from saying
>them. Also, some attention should be paid to the issues of what can and
>cannot be determined by a machine. For instance, a machine can easily
>measure the size of message. A machine can also, in some cases,
>determine what account was used to send a message. However, a machine
>will not be able to determine the actual human who caused a message to
>be sent. (not even with PKI, signatures, etc...)

Very good point.


>         We should distinguish between consent which is implied (by
>reliance on some mechanism such as RMX) or explicit -- i.e. consent that
>is expressed independent of the consent management mechanism in some
>form like a "license to send" or a consent token.
>         Explicit statements of consent have interesting properties
>especially if they are encoded in a machine readable form. For instance,
>a simple expression of consent such as "I don't except mail that
>contains the word 'Viagra'." can be used to parameterize the behaviour
>of spam filters on the recipient's desktop as well as on upstream
>processors such as the recipient's ISP's servers. One might even pass
>such a statement to a potential sender. In one possible world, a sender
>might have a pop-up in their editor that warns them that "Use of the
>word 'Viagra' will prevent delivery of this message to one or more of
>the current recipients."
>         An expression of consent might also serve as a license that can
>be used by the sender. For instance, if I consent to receive mail from
>you, you should be able to use some kind of a token or certificate to
>ensure that your messages bypass interference by any filtering
>mechanisms in the channel between us.

These all are very good points. I will be writing up something later on 
this week and putting in on the list laying out the consent framework and 
different issues that need to be defined.

Yakov 


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To: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:37:26 -0400

At 09:19 PM 6/27/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

>Yakov,
>
>I'll summarize my response based on your points and questions below:
>
>What I'm talking about is that our consent framework define a very, very
>general set of standards such that:
>
>1. vendors can develop an anti-spam software module based on whatever
>they think is a good idea.
>
>2. this module can be installed/plugged in/inserted/etc such that it
>will apply to either the MUA or MTA, depending on how it was  intended.
>
>3. each module can interoperate with both the framework (of course) and
>each other. This would allow modules to be installed in "series" or
>possibly "parallel" so that several different modules can be stacked to
>provide a powerful anti-spam technology.
>
>4. The modules can be controlled by a hierarchical organization starting
>w/ the ISP at the highest level, then cascading to the domain, then the
>end user.

All correct,

>If we think this is a good idea, then we can take all the different
>specific anti-spam approaches that have been proposed so far and go back
>and forth between thinking up the framework and thinking up the
>modifications that would be required to the existing proposed
>technologies.

Yes that is what I am trying to accomplish.

>The framework would primarily define the "bus" or the basic way that
>data would be passed from one module to another both for the MTA and MUA
>perspective.  The analogy here is we create a "PCI bus" designed to
>allow end-users to control email that gets to their inbox and we let
>customer need and market forces to create the specific "PCI Cards" that
>get plugged into a given email infrastructure.

I don't know if there would be a "bus" of some sort, more likely a few 
interacting protocols like CRI.

>Does this make sense or am I completely way off in understanding what
>we're talking about when we say framework?
>
>Peter Kay
>President
>TitanKey Software Web: www.titankey.com
>The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
>
>
> >
> > >I think you've got the beginning of a consent-based
> > framework. I like
> > >it. What I'm getting out of this is:
> > >
> > >A. there exists a plug-in infrastructure that can run on MUA or MTA
> > >(ISP).
> >
> > Plug-in is not the correct word here, we are seeking to
> > create a general
> > framework with details left for specific implementations.
> >
> > >B. each plug-in provides for some type of policy definition,
> > related to
> > >the plugins purpose. This can range from filtering to CR to all the
> > >other methods mentioned below.
> >
> > Each implementation/
> >
> > >C. each plug-in can be configured by a hierarchy. Starting
> > w/ the ISP
> > >(for instance), then perhaps a domain-level admin (for corporate
> > >applications0 and then the end-user.  We can decide on
> > varying levels
> > >of defaults or override capability so that for example if an ISP
> > >whitelists a source, the end-user may have the option to
> > blacklist it.
> >
> > Are you suggesting that the various implementations should be able to
> > interoperate? This can be done by defining interoperability
> > protocols like
> > the CRI protocol for C/R systems.
> >
> >
> >
> > >To me, this reinforces what I've seen over the past few
> > months on this
> > >group:
> > >
> > >1. no one can agree what spam is. So at the end of the day, the user
> > >has to have the power to decide. This is in line w/ the charter.
> >
> > Agreed
> >
> > >2. no one technological approach "religion" (i.e. filtering,
> > C/R, etc)
> > >is adequate to deal with the general problem of "unwanted email".
> >
> > Agreed.
> >
> > >3. spammers will change their methods as time goes on, so the
> > >architecture must allow for that.
> >
> > Agreed
> >
> >
> > >In addition, a consent-based framework allows for multiple
> > vendors to
> > >participate. If we can create some sort of "email bus" I
> > think it has a
> > >lot of potential.
> >
> > An email bus? Can you explain this?
> >
> >
> >
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
> > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
> > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
> > consent-based system
> > > > as per
> > > > charter:
> > > >
> > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to filter incoming
> > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
> > and are not
> > > > mandated.
> > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging from
> > > > banning all email
> > > > not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
> > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
> > > > whitelist of trusted
> > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
> > > > unknown senders.
> > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
> > > > the bulk folder,
> > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
> > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
> > > > of trusted senders,
> > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
> > > > such as digital
> > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
> > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
> > > > email from
> > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
> > > > inbox unless
> > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
> > > > receiving a
> > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
> > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
> > > > email coming
> > > > from known open relays is blocked.
> > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
> > > > encrypted to
> > > > protect privacy.
> > > >
> > > > Any thoughts?
> > > >
> > > > Yakov
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > Asrg mailing list
> > > > Asrg@ietf.org
> > > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >_______________________________________________
> > >Asrg mailing list
> > >Asrg@ietf.org
> > >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Asrg mailing list
> > Asrg@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg


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To: Raymond S Brand <rsbx@rsbx.net>, asrg@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:55:33 -0400

At 01:21 PM 6/28/2003 -0400, Raymond S Brand wrote:

>The June 24 DRIP document has a problem with the use of DNS
>wildcard records. Attached is an updated DRIP document and
>a diff of the important changes between the two documents.
>[..]
>
>    The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
>    name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
>    mail as a domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands. The
>    protocol provides a method for server MTAs to reject SMTP connections
>    from IP addresses not authorized to use the domain name given in the
>    SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.
>[..]

How is this proposal different from RMX proposal by Hadmut Danisch 
(http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-danisch-dns-rr-smtp-02.txt) and 
the various other rDNS proposals (see Mike Rubel's page at 
http://www.mikerubel.org/computers/rmx_records/).

Yakov 


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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 14:14:47 -0400

This Houston Chronicle article 
(http://www.chron.com/cs/CDA/ssistory.mpl/metropolitan/1971965) discusses 
the growing problem of SMS spam on cell phones. Two particular issues 
jumped out at me. The first is the possibility that increased cell phone 
spam will lead to people shuting off cell phones akin to email users 
stopping to use email:

---snip----
Consumers receiving spam, like Merino, are beginning to turn off their cell 
phones -- to the horror of cell phone companies. Companies are worried they 
will lose customers because of spam, and most are taking a proactive stand 
against it by setting up filters and working with federal authorities on 
regulation. "If your customers are receiving messages they don't want, they 
will turn off their phones, and that's bad for business," Larson said. "If 
consumers turn off their phones, they won't be taking calls and they're 
less likely to make calls. The fewer calls they make, the less revenue for 
wireless carriers."
----snip----

The second being that the state of Texas might make SMS spam be covered 
under the state's Do-Not-Call list:

----snip----
So far, the new rules in Texas apply to text spam sent from cell phone to 
cell phone. However, Public Utilities Commission spokesman Terry Hadley 
said the organization will review the new law and determine whether it will 
include text spam transmitted through the Internet.
----snip---

This raises an interesting issue. There is no reason why cell phone 
companies around the world could not have developed a separate messaging 
framework NOT based on SMTP and email. However, they did and you can see 
from this example the far reach of entrenched standards and how hard it 
would be to replace SMTP or create a parallel secure email system.

Yakov 


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From: Richard Rognlie <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Raymond S Brand <rsbx@rsbx.net>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
Message-ID: <20030629151131.GE15667@gamerz.net>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 11:11:31 -0400

On Sun, Jun 29, 2003 at 02:55:33PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> At 01:21 PM 6/28/2003 -0400, Raymond S Brand wrote:
> 
> >The June 24 DRIP document has a problem with the use of DNS
> >wildcard records. Attached is an updated DRIP document and
> >a diff of the important changes between the two documents.
> >[..]
> >
> >   The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
> >   name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
> >   mail as a domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands. The
> >   protocol provides a method for server MTAs to reject SMTP connections
> >   from IP addresses not authorized to use the domain name given in the
> >   SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.
> >[..]
> 
> How is this proposal different from RMX proposal by Hadmut Danisch 
> (http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-danisch-dns-rr-smtp-02.txt) and 
> the various other rDNS proposals (see Mike Rubel's page at 
> http://www.mikerubel.org/computers/rmx_records/).

RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote 
MTA.

IOW,  If I connect to a remote MTA and my MTA sends the greeting
EHLO play.gamerz.net.  That MTA can do a lookup of
my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.play.gamerz.net and see immediately
that if it gets my.ip.ad.dr as the response, that, indeed, I am
a DRIP subscribed host.  If any other host attempts to connect
and claim to be play.gamerz.net, the IPs will not match (or there
will be no record at all).

If the IPs do not match, it is a host forging my hostname.  Drop
the connection like a hot potato[e].  If no record is returned at all
I can't glean anything (yet).  The RECOMMENDED behaviour is to 
stop dropping hostname parts...
    my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.gamerz.net 
    my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.net 

If either of those return a value, I can say "gamerz.net" does claim
to support DRIP records.  but since play.gamerz.net was not found
that host is not authorized to send mail OUT...  It should have sent
mail via the designated gamerz.net relay.  And as such, I should 
drop this connection.

If no records of any kind are found (even when searching the parents)
I know this domain does not subscribe to the DRIP idea.  I can't
assume anything.  But long(ish) term, if enough domains adopt DRIP,
MTAs might adopt a "if I can't get your DRIP records I won't talk to 
you"  (much like the current "if I can't resolve your reverse DNS,
I won't talk to you")

Richard "who should be working on the DRIP milter, but its too nice
outside, so is going to the pool" Rognlie

-- 
 /  \__  | Richard Rognlie / Oracle Prophet / Gamerz.NET Lackey
 \__/  \ | http://www.gamerz.net/rrognlie/    <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
 /  \__/ | The past is the future
 \__/    |                  Nobody expects the spammish inquisition

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To: Richard Rognlie <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
Cc: Raymond S Brand <rsbx@rsbx.net>, asrg@ietf.org
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 15:16:06 -0400

At 11:11 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Richard Rognlie wrote:

>On Sun, Jun 29, 2003 at 02:55:33PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > At 01:21 PM 6/28/2003 -0400, Raymond S Brand wrote:
> >
> > >The June 24 DRIP document has a problem with the use of DNS
> > >wildcard records. Attached is an updated DRIP document and
> > >a diff of the important changes between the two documents.
> > >[..]
> > >
> > >   The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
> > >   name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
> > >   mail as a domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands. The
> > >   protocol provides a method for server MTAs to reject SMTP connections
> > >   from IP addresses not authorized to use the domain name given in the
> > >   SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.
> > >[..]
> >
> > How is this proposal different from RMX proposal by Hadmut Danisch
> > (http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-danisch-dns-rr-smtp-02.txt) and
> > the various other rDNS proposals (see Mike Rubel's page at
> > http://www.mikerubel.org/computers/rmx_records/).
>
>RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
>nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
>hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote
>MTA.
>[..]

Dealing with the return envelope has its own problems (DSN messages with 
empty MAIL FROM <>) so it seems that dealing with the HELO/EHLO is better. 
BUT, the bottom line is that both proposals are DNS based and propose 
additional DNS records. Whether the filtering is done on HELO/EHLO level or 
return envelope is something to be left to the implementators. Both 
proposals are basically the same - they are mandating DNS records.

Yakov





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From: Richard Rognlie <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Raymond S Brand <rsbx@rsbx.net>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
Message-ID: <20030629151726.GG15667@gamerz.net>
References: <3EFD0298.9856371D@rsbx.net> <5.2.0.9.2.20030629145134.00bb1cf0@std5.imagineis.com> <20030629151131.GE15667@gamerz.net>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 11:17:26 -0400

> RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
> nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
> hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote 
> MTA.
> 
> IOW,  If I connect to a remote MTA and my MTA sends the greeting
> EHLO play.gamerz.net.  That MTA can do a lookup of
> my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.play.gamerz.net and see immediately
> that if it gets my.ip.ad.dr as the response, that, indeed, I am
> a DRIP subscribed host.  If any other host attempts to connect
> and claim to be play.gamerz.net, the IPs will not match (or there
> will be no record at all).
> 
> If the IPs do not match, it is a host forging my hostname.  Drop
> the connection like a hot potato[e].  If no record is returned at all

D'oh!  I forgot to mention.  We don't actually drop the connection here.
We can't.  It might be a host that is doing the EHLO in preparation
for an SMTP AUTH session for a true "local" user, who happens to be
roaming.   We don't start rejections until later (during the env-from
when I can check the status of the SMTP AUTH flags [in the milter
implementation, anyway.  other MTA implementations methodologies may
vary])

> I can't glean anything (yet).  The RECOMMENDED behaviour is to 
> stop dropping hostname parts...
>     my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.gamerz.net 
>     my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.net 
> 
> If either of those return a value, I can say "gamerz.net" does claim
> to support DRIP records.  but since play.gamerz.net was not found
> that host is not authorized to send mail OUT...  It should have sent
> mail via the designated gamerz.net relay.  And as such, I should 
> drop this connection.
> 
> If no records of any kind are found (even when searching the parents)
> I know this domain does not subscribe to the DRIP idea.  I can't
> assume anything.  But long(ish) term, if enough domains adopt DRIP,
> MTAs might adopt a "if I can't get your DRIP records I won't talk to 
> you"  (much like the current "if I can't resolve your reverse DNS,
> I won't talk to you")
> 
> Richard "who should be working on the DRIP milter, but its too nice
> outside, so is going to the pool" Rognlie

-- 
 /  \__  | Richard Rognlie / Oracle Prophet / Gamerz.NET Lackey
 \__/  \ | http://www.gamerz.net/rrognlie/    <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
 /  \__/ | The past is the future
 \__/    |                  Nobody expects the spammish inquisition

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To: Richard Rognlie <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
Cc: Raymond S Brand <rsbx@rsbx.net>, asrg@ietf.org
In-Reply-To: <20030629151726.GG15667@gamerz.net>
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 <3EFD0298.9856371D@rsbx.net>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 15:18:48 -0400

At 11:17 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Richard Rognlie wrote:

> > RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
> > nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
> > hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote
> > MTA.
> >
> > IOW,  If I connect to a remote MTA and my MTA sends the greeting
> > EHLO play.gamerz.net.  That MTA can do a lookup of
> > my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.play.gamerz.net and see immediately
> > that if it gets my.ip.ad.dr as the response, that, indeed, I am
> > a DRIP subscribed host.  If any other host attempts to connect
> > and claim to be play.gamerz.net, the IPs will not match (or there
> > will be no record at all).
> >
> > If the IPs do not match, it is a host forging my hostname.  Drop
> > the connection like a hot potato[e].  If no record is returned at all
>
>D'oh!  I forgot to mention.  We don't actually drop the connection here.
>We can't.  It might be a host that is doing the EHLO in preparation
>for an SMTP AUTH session for a true "local" user, who happens to be
>roaming.   We don't start rejections until later (during the env-from
>when I can check the status of the SMTP AUTH flags [in the milter
>implementation, anyway.  other MTA implementations methodologies may
>vary])

Very good point. We can probably drop the connection after MAIL FROM or 
RCPT TO.

Yakov 


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From: Richard Rognlie <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: Raymond S Brand <rsbx@rsbx.net>, asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
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References: <5.2.0.9.2.20030629145134.00bb1cf0@std5.imagineis.com> <3EFD0298.9856371D@rsbx.net> <5.2.0.9.2.20030629145134.00bb1cf0@std5.imagineis.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030629151317.00b3c458@std5.imagineis.com>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 11:21:42 -0400

On Sun, Jun 29, 2003 at 03:15:26PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> At 11:11 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Richard Rognlie wrote:
> 
> >On Sun, Jun 29, 2003 at 02:55:33PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> >> At 01:21 PM 6/28/2003 -0400, Raymond S Brand wrote:
> >>
> >> >The June 24 DRIP document has a problem with the use of DNS
> >> >wildcard records. Attached is an updated DRIP document and
> >> >a diff of the important changes between the two documents.
> >> >[..]
> >> >
> >> >   The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
> >> >   name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
> >> >   mail as a domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands. The
> >> >   protocol provides a method for server MTAs to reject SMTP connections
> >> >   from IP addresses not authorized to use the domain name given in the
> >> >   SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.
> >> >[..]
> >>
> >> How is this proposal different from RMX proposal by Hadmut Danisch
> >> (http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-danisch-dns-rr-smtp-02.txt) 
> >and
> >> the various other rDNS proposals (see Mike Rubel's page at
> >> http://www.mikerubel.org/computers/rmx_records/).
> >
> >RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
> >nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
> >hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote
> >MTA.
> >[..]
> 
> Dealing with the return envelope has its own problems (DSN messages with 
> empty MAIL FROM <>) so it seems that dealing with the HELO/EHLO is better. 
> BUT, the bottom line is that both proposals are DNS based and propose 
> additional DNS records. Whether the filtering is done on HELO/EHLO level or 
> return envelope is something to be left to the implementators. Both 
> proposals are basically the same - they are mandating DNS records.

Just additional records.  Not any additional record types.
And as such, we are not at the mercy of waiting for any particular
flavor of BIND to work its way out into the mainstream.

FWIW, this is part 1 of 2 proposals.    Ray (and his hearty band of cohorts)
will be working on the 2nd part [formalizing it] soon.   It will be
working on the validity of the headers (not the env-from, but the
*whole* bunch of headers).  but I'll leave it's discussion to him.  

It's *verra nice...*

-- 
 /  \__  | Richard Rognlie / Oracle Prophet / Gamerz.NET Lackey
 \__/  \ | http://www.gamerz.net/rrognlie/    <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
 /  \__/ | The past is the future
 \__/    |                  Nobody expects the spammish inquisition

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 15:23:30 -0400

At 11:21 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Richard Rognlie wrote:

>On Sun, Jun 29, 2003 at 03:15:26PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > At 11:11 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Richard Rognlie wrote:
> >
> > >On Sun, Jun 29, 2003 at 02:55:33PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > >> At 01:21 PM 6/28/2003 -0400, Raymond S Brand wrote:
> > >>
> > >> >The June 24 DRIP document has a problem with the use of DNS
> > >> >wildcard records. Attached is an updated DRIP document and
> > >> >a diff of the important changes between the two documents.
> > >> >[..]
> > >> >
> > >> >   The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
> > >> >   name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
> > >> >   mail as a domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands. The
> > >> >   protocol provides a method for server MTAs to reject SMTP 
> connections
> > >> >   from IP addresses not authorized to use the domain name given in the
> > >> >   SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.
> > >> >[..]
> > >>
> > >> How is this proposal different from RMX proposal by Hadmut Danisch
> > >> (http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-danisch-dns-rr-smtp-02.txt)
> > >and
> > >> the various other rDNS proposals (see Mike Rubel's page at
> > >> http://www.mikerubel.org/computers/rmx_records/).
> > >
> > >RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
> > >nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
> > >hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote
> > >MTA.
> > >[..]
> >
> > Dealing with the return envelope has its own problems (DSN messages with
> > empty MAIL FROM <>) so it seems that dealing with the HELO/EHLO is better.
> > BUT, the bottom line is that both proposals are DNS based and propose
> > additional DNS records. Whether the filtering is done on HELO/EHLO 
> level or
> > return envelope is something to be left to the implementators. Both
> > proposals are basically the same - they are mandating DNS records.
>
>Just additional records.  Not any additional record types.
>And as such, we are not at the mercy of waiting for any particular
>flavor of BIND to work its way out into the mainstream.

Would it be logical to combine all the RMX/RDNS/etc proposals into one 
cohesive document?

>FWIW, this is part 1 of 2 proposals.    Ray (and his hearty band of cohorts)
>will be working on the 2nd part [formalizing it] soon.   It will be
>working on the validity of the headers (not the env-from, but the
>*whole* bunch of headers).  but I'll leave it's discussion to him.

Thanks for the information. 


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Greetings - I have been reading ASRG for approximately two months now and I
am alarmed at the direction the recent discussions have been taking.  It
seems the list has deteriorated into a series of ad hominem attacks with
precious little useful discussion.  I have limited experience with technical
discussions lists (thus the Subject line :) perhaps this is just a mandatory
phase that such lists go through.

As I haven't posted lately just some quick background.  I am the System
Administrator for a small local ISP managing in the low several thousands
mailboxes.  As several people have pointed out the margins in the ISP
business are *EXTREMELY* low leaving precious little excess resource to deal
with what I find an alarming and intractable problem that threatens our
business.  I am *NOT* a Unix (Linux actually) guru, simply a frustrated and
overworked computer professional attempting to deal with an *VERY* resistant
problem.  While I have the ability read documentation and install software
(most times :-/ ) I do not have the desire or ability to create my own
software, thus I am forced to use solutions that others provide...primarily
for free.

I will not attempt to divine Alan DeKok's motivations for his posts however
I do have to agree with his assertion that SMTP is fundamentally flawed in
its current incarnation.  Many legitimately useful features used by innocent
parties are also abused by the spammers to deliver their crap.  This, IMHO,
is the core of the problem.  Folks don't want to give up the flawed features
that they legitimately use in order  to deny their use to spammers.  Unless
this position changes I do not see how this group can either solve or even
reduce the problem to manageable levels.

I have read some interesting proposals (RMX and Greylisting spring
immediately to mind) which is why I am still subscribed to the list.  One
thing that I have found somewhat alarming in some of the proposals is the
amount of "state information" required to be maintained on the mail servers.
An example of this would be the triples (sender/receiver/transmitting IP
address) though I find this state information to be less troublesome as it
is self generating and has a limited lifetime.  While there are serious
privacy issues with such things as sender whitelists my practical concern is
I *REALLY* don't want to be responsible for maintaining a backup of this
information when  (*NOT* if) the mail server fails.  I don't see maintaining
whitelist information/sender keys on the client machines as much of an
improvement.  My user base consists primarily of casual home computer
users/small business owners who have *NO* conception of system
administration issues such as backup let alone how to accomplish such a
task.  My approach to spam amelioration has taken the network abuse
approach.  I am using rDNS on my servers and block approximately 75% of mail
connection attempts (on the order of 150,000 per day)  How many of these are
"legitimate" connections I really couldn't tell you.  I do know the amount
of spam that I  receive (and I have several spam prone addresses, mostly
role accounts or addresses that appear on our website) has decreased though
the effectiveness of this measure is significantly less than it was a year
ago during our last attempt.  Based on customer complaints my sense is that
our little session of DNS police has reformed the more responsive providers
and the customers whose correspondent's provider was less than cooperative
have cancelled.  I did not take this step lightly, it was choice between
having an at least useful mail system and fielding customer complaints on
double digit delivery times.  As part of our philosophy of being a good
Internet citizen we use virus scanning on all of our mail servers.  While
this does reduce the possibility of our customers being a source of
infection it also carries a considerable burden in sending and receiving
email.

This last statement brings me to the features that I am looking for in an
anti-spam solution.  The most important requirement is that the solution is
effective in the SMTP phase.  Once my server has received the /n./n it has
committed considerable resource to attempt to deliver that message.  The
second most important requirement is that the solution makes the
accept/reject decision based on firm, indisputable criteria...ie this server
*IS* who it says it is, this sender can receive the bounce should the
message prove undeliverable...basically the sending machine does not have to
lie to get me to accept the message.  I will, most likely, be implementing
some DNSBL block lists, open proxies have the unfortunate characteristic of
having valid rDNS (maintained by the provider) and are my primary spam
source.  I am also intrigued by DCC as the answer to the question "Has this
message been sent to 30,000,000 of my closest friends?" is apropos to an
accept/reject decision.  I am not a fan of content filters as we, by policy,
provide an unfiltered internet connection.  There are just too many problems
(again IMHO)  with examining content to entrust the machine to make a
"fuzzy" decision.  As I stated above the solution *MUST NOT* require
maintaining a lot (a judgment call admittedly) state information.  When my
server fails I want to be able reload it with the current version of my MTA
(postfix, if you're curious), MDA (cyrus, again, if you're curious) and
virus scanner and be back down the road.  One of the reasons I found
Greylisting to be interesting, despite maintaining state, is the that state
information is self generating.  A couple of days after the catastrophic
failure most important state information would come back on its own.  There
would be some pain involved, but that is a given after a critical machine
failure.

I apologize for the length of this post and my simplistic viewpoint, however
it is the only one I have.  I am hoping that this post will provide the more
capable and more intelligent members of the list with an idea of the
requirements/desires of administrators that cannot or will not "roll their
own" solution.  As a final thought we did actually consider stopping doing
email altogether.  Solving or, at least, reducing the spam problem to a
nuisance level has become a "revenge thing" for me, for better or worse.  I
am absolutely astounded that I have difficulties reliably running a few
thousands of mailboxes with more computing horsepower than it took to put a
man on the moon.  There has to be a better way and my hope (which is still
there:) is that way will come from this group.

Regards
Mike


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From: Richard Rognlie <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Cc: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
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References: <5.2.0.9.2.20030629151317.00b3c458@std5.imagineis.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030629145134.00bb1cf0@std5.imagineis.com> <3EFD0298.9856371D@rsbx.net> <5.2.0.9.2.20030629145134.00bb1cf0@std5.imagineis.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030629151317.00b3c458@std5.imagineis.com> <5.2.0.9.2.20030629152225.00bb1cf0@std5.imagineis.com>
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 11:41:23 -0400

> Would it be logical to combine all the RMX/RDNS/etc proposals into one 
> cohesive document?

Perhaps eventually.  But for now, we're searching for ideas that 
can be cobbled together which we can use separately to incrementally
start beating spam into submission...

Someday, it may make sense to combine them all into a unified best
practices RFC which can be used to rule the galaxy^W^W^Wmake the 
internet a nicer place for everyone.  But not be soo draconian
that individuals can't see over the bar.

-- 
 /  \__  | Richard Rognlie / Oracle Prophet / Gamerz.NET Lackey
 \__/  \ | http://www.gamerz.net/rrognlie/    <rrognlie@gamerz.net>
 /  \__/ | The past is the future
 \__/    |                  Nobody expects the spammish inquisition

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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 10:10:35 -0700 (PDT)

On Sun, 29 Jun 2003, Richard Rognlie wrote:

> RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
> nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
> hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote 
> MTA.
> 
> IOW,  If I connect to a remote MTA and my MTA sends the greeting
> EHLO play.gamerz.net.  That MTA can do a lookup of
> my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.play.gamerz.net and see immediately
> that if it gets my.ip.ad.dr as the response, that, indeed, I am
> a DRIP subscribed host.  If any other host attempts to connect
> and claim to be play.gamerz.net, the IPs will not match (or there
> will be no record at all).

You can already do this by setting proper reverse dns ip for the record
and reverse dns does allow for multipe names for the ip. So this is a
a proposal that indends to allow equvalent of reverse dns check for
when company running mail server does not have access to set reverse
dns as it wishes. 

As such I'm a lot more afraid of this being used by spammers themselve 
when they are hijacking ip space, using proxies, dialup, etc. Many 
spammers do have domains they have no problem letting everybody else know 
about as part of EHLO, in the envelope from, etc - domains are cheap 
and entering bogus data there is easy - so they can afford to register 
one new domain for each dozen million emails sent (i.e. one or more new 
domain every day...).

Long ago I also mentioned that good dns check/security model should 
not be tying authorization to direct dns alone but to direct dns AND 
reverse dns as well (so that we have two separate distinct authenticion
paths and two sets of authorities to confirm your identity in a way
- this will also stop spammers from being able to so easily get and use 
new virtual identites/domains. And yes, I know  many do not like this 
because they run their mail servers on dsl, but in reality even for dsl, 
you should be able to get reverse dns set properly to your mail server 
even if you only have one ip ip (as long as its not dynamic). 

And going futher on this, I'v thought about it for a while actually and 
came to conclusion that reverse dns records should be used to authenticate
servers (like now) but stronger authentication methhods should be used, 
I'd favor SSL certificates, self-signed and tied to special reverse dns
record. And for those who can not control reverse dns a workaround can be 
provided by having well known certificate authority also sell similar 
certificates. I'll provide details on this and number of my other proposals
some time in the future, when I think through research group is a little 
better organized...

---
William Leibzon
Elan Communications Inc. 
william@elan.net



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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Two ways to look at spam
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 15:35:49 -0400

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com] 
> Sent: Sunday, June 29, 2003 2:12 AM
> To: asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: [Asrg] Two ways to look at spam
> 
> 
> It seems to me that the members of the group 
> 
> 1. Network Abuse - some people including Barry Shain and Eric Brunner 
> specifically, have been proposing that we look at the entire 
> spam problem 
> as one of network abuse. The Internet in general, and SMTP in 
> particular, 
> have been built as open systems trusting all network users to behave 
> themselves. Spam is caused by those users abusing the network and its 
> resources.

I, of course, encourage the generalization of the problem and also casting
it into some framework. I agree that people are "looking at the spam problem
from two different angles" but I do not think that necessarily means that
the proposals fall into those three categories.

The consent-based communication paradigm also looks at the spam problem as a
large-scale networking problem. There are properties of the email system
that spammers are exploiting; this causes a number of symptoms. Some members
focus on the symtpom of network abuse (which is definitely a valid concern);
however, it is already considered as part of the consent-based communication
framework. To help clarify the difference between the vulnerabilites and
symptoms that are a result of the exploit of these vulnerabilities,
Liudvikas Bukys was working on an 'inventory of problems' document.



> 2. Consent - these proposals do not try to block the email at 
> the sender's 
> end, or as at being transferred over the network. Instead, 
> they concentrate 
> solely at the receiver's point.

This is not the case. It is most desirable to block unwanted traffic as
close to the source as possible. There is some difficulty in moving the
solution closer to the source in that you are enforcing a policy for all
downstream receivers. Careful policy expression helps here.

Overall, I think that consent-based communication as referred to in the
charter includes what you have referred to here as 'consent' and 'network
abuse' models. What I think you are touching on here with these two models
is what I refer to as local vs global spam solutions. A local solution
refers to controlling spam for some individual or organization. I also think
of this as providing symptom relief rather than a real cure. This is
commonly done today with anti-spam tools deployed at the desktop, server, or
gateway. There are a number of commercial and non-commercial solutions that
are quite effective at 'solving the problem' for local environments.

While many individuals and organizations have deployed such solutions, the
spam problem continues to exist globally. It is even suggested that these
local solutions have increased the global problem since spammers are sending
more. The solution to the global problem requires an understanding of the
adversaries and their motivation. As many have suggested, controlling spam
globally requires reversing the spammers profit model. What I suggest that
is different is that this does not require directly associating a cost with
sending email.

Just as in any other business, the profit in spamming is equal to revenues
minus costs. In spamming, revenue is equal to the number of spam messages
received times the response rate times the profit per item. Expenses include
the cost of obtaining the lists of email addresses and the cost of sending
the messages. The difference between the amount of spam messages sent and
the number received is a factor of the effectiveness and deployment rate of
anti-spam technologies. User education is able to affect the response rate
as well as the difficulty and costs of obtaining email addresses. Besides
providing a strong deterrence, anti-spam legislation is able to introduce
overhead in the form of the expenses of litigation.

The consent-based communications paradigm considers this and directly
affects both the number of spam messages sent and the number received. If
you consider this along with the taxonomy that looked at spam prevention,
spam detection and spam response approaches, then the relationship can be
seen between the various anti-spam system proposals, the consent-based
communications paradigm, and global and local spam solutions.

With that said, I do agree that we need to further document this framework
to provide a clearer view as we deal with this large number of individual
proposals. It seems that without this clarity, many are having trouble
putting everything in context. All, please share your thoughts on this view
of the overall framework.

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From: "Alan DeKok" <aland@freeradius.org>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Two ways to look at spam 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sun, 29 Jun 2003 15:35:49 EDT."
             <B1F08F445F370846AB7BEE424365F00D0188CA52@ctxchg.ciphertrust.com> 
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 16:51:17 -0400

Paul Judge <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com> wrote:
> It is most desirable to block unwanted traffic as close to the
> source as possible. There is some difficulty in moving the solution
> closer to the source in that you are enforcing a policy for all
> downstream receivers. Careful policy expression helps here.

  I've previously discussed pushing consent upstream, in:

https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00898.html

  while this works in theory, there are issues with implementation
and use that will make it problematic.  e.g. You tell your upstream
provider to block an ip/mask because it's a spamhaus, and 3 months
later when it's your buddy's company, your upstream provider is
unwilling (or unable) to enfore your change of that consent.

  That is, consent-based systems should be fail-safe.  This probably
means that consent MUST be re-stated after some timeout, otherwise you
will be deemed to implicitely consent to *all* traffic.

  Alan DeKok.

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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:59:40 +0000

Hello Mr Wild,

Thankyou for your comments.  My responses are in the body of the message 
below.  This post refers to the 'GIEIS' system.  This can be viewed at:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

Anymore comments or suggestions, please feel free to post on them,

Mark McCarron.


>Subject: Comments on The Ultimate Anti-Spam System
>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 16:15:03 -0400
>From: asrg@wildm.com

>Greetings Mark - Just a quick observation, and I may be incorrect in my
>interpretation but I believe that you have the Client and Email Server
>positions reversed in your Very Very Basic Overview and Basic Overview of
>Anti-Spam System.  The Client should be the endpoint in mail as I 
>understand
>it.


Mark's Response:

In the very very basic overview the setup is correct.  The email server 
depicted is just networked to the 'client' machine, which connects to the 
Internet.  An email server, typically, does not connect directly to the 
Internet, but rather through a firewall system, which, would be installed on 
the client (in the depicted setup).  Hope this clears that point for you.


>
>A second observation is that I, too, have some concerns about a global
>authority that you consult with to decide whether you accept an email or
>not.  While I'm not quite as concerned as Kee Hinckley about a Fascist NGO
>;) governing email there have been severe operational issues with bodies
>such as these (to wit ICANN)  This is not an issue that can be dismissed
>with a hand wave.
>

Mark's Response:

I too would have issues with a global authority, of any type, regulating the 
Internet.  I can see clearly where you are coming from with this point.  
With any organisation, there is always going to be operational issues, 
especially when it comes to mission critical applications.  The 'GIEIS' 
system will essentially be a public body, it will not be run by any form of 
company nor will any company have access to its systems.  It will also be a 
non-profit organisation.  It will have very strict guidelines on how the 
system is used and these guidelines will be drafted by Internet users, such 
as those posting to this group.  It will be a very open organisation who's 
only agenda is to protect end users and businesses protected by the system.  
All investigations would be available to the public via the organisation's 
website, there will be no closed door policy.  People concerned with privacy 
issues must remember that governments already routinely scan emails.  If 
this was 'GIEIS' purpose, then it would be completely redundant.  Also, it 
would not have the power to shut down a company 'at a whim', but rather only 
after every other resolution has been exhaustively attempted.  This would be 
a last resort measure only used to protect people such as yourself and your 
children.  I have seen children as young as 8 and 9 years old recieve emails 
with a picture of a woman doing something with a horse.  How would you feel 
if this were your child?  I just want to give the Internet back to families 
and encourage the global spread of one of the best inventions mankind has 
ever made.


>Thirdly, this solution suffers from one of the greatest obstacles to a
>solution and that is deployment on the tens of millions of mail servers
>already in existence.  I can see how this may not be as severe as it 
>appears
>at first inspection as you are creating a new and separate channel from the
>existing SMTP infrastructure.  However its utility will be limited during
>the initial stages just due to the limited number of participants.
>

Mark's Response:

Agreed on completely.  It will take time to move to the new system and will 
not be achieved over night.  For the majority of end users, it will be a 
simple update to their existing email client.  As time progresses all new 
versions will have this feature built in.  The servers are going to be a 
different story, this will be a challange, however, this too can be in the 
form of a patch, a pretty big one I'll admit, but it would be comparable to 
downloading a new version of Internet Explorer.  During the early stages of 
transition the 'GIEIS' central servers would not be operating.  Instead,  I 
believe the way that this should be done is what I have termed a 'D-Day'.  
That is, select a specific date from which the system will function from and 
set that as the deadline for compliance.  We could say something like New 
year's day at the stroke of midnight of 2005 and all companies that wish to 
send mail to those domains protected under 'GIEIS' would need to be 'GIEIS 
Compliant' by that date.



>I believe that you are traveling down the correct road.  It is my sense 
>that
>inflicting sender accountability is a good first step in solving or 
>reducing
>the spam problem  Identifying the bad actors is the first step in dealing
>with their behavior.

Mark's Response:

I too feel that some form of centralisation is the only way we can protect 
users.  Every other recommendation I have ever seen can be bypassed without 
to much difficulty.  'GIEIS' would be immediately be able to identify 
offenders an block based on account level rather than domain level.   This 
would limit any impact that it would have on a company's business and help 
remove any concerns businesses would have about the system.

Anymore comments or suggestions, please feel free to post on them,

Mark McCarron.

_________________________________________________________________
Express yourself with cool emoticons - download MSN Messenger today! 
http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger


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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 23:29:37 +0000

Fearghas,

I fail to see your point.  So, I used to work for MSN UK and I also happen 
to be an trained accountant.  Is this illegal or something???

I am also the author behind the Epsilon Theory and I was part of a 20 strong 
advisory board which also included the head of physics with 'Ukrainian 
National Academy of Sciences'.   Numerous scientists have wanted to put the 
Epsilon Theory to the test because it is grounded in well established 
science.

You really missed a whole lot about me, for starters, I'm a genius.  That's 
not an exaggeration, but just a statement of fact, there are other people 
like me too.  I do Egyptology, mathematical investigations, RF and Microwave 
communications, Lazer communications, electronic engineering, network 
engineering, database engineering, programming, web development, 
accountancy, e-business management, marketing...

I could go on all night if you want me to.  I still completely fail to see 
your point??  Oh, I get it, you don't grasp how cellular structures or DNA 
can be stimulated using controlled ionised radiation in an electromagnetic 
field.  Sorry, forgot not everyone has the same IQ level as me.  Maybe you 
should try reading Harry Potter for a while.

Mark McCarron.


At 21:46 +0000 28/6/03, Mark McCarron wrote:
>Mark's Response:
>
>You don't know I am a mathematician and a trained UK accountant as well.
>So, I will not be harsh on you :)  Productivity costs, refers to increased
>wage/production payments.  This is an expense, a VERY real cash-flow, I can
>assure you.  The same goes for lost business opportunities, this is source
>of capital, another VERY real cash-flow.  Their reference to $12 Billion is
>therefore, extremely literal.  These costs are not spread across millions 
>of
>people, no one has the time to do research like that.  Quotes like that are
>often solely based upon the Fortune 500 companies.

Those who are not on the RIPE Anti-SPAM WG mailing list will have missed
this introduction that Mark made there:

--==--
I fully understand that this mailing list is
non-technical, however, maybe some of you know people
who develop these systems and can pass it along.

I have been reading the open letter regarding spam by
Bill Gates.  I used to work for MSN UK as technical
support and I addressed this issue with them in
1997/1998.  At that stage MSN's email servers were open
to the world, although filters were in place, I found
that I could send spam without to many problems.

I have considered this problem extensivly for the last
5 or 6 years and have developed a solution.  This
solution is highly cost-effective and eliminates
challange-response systems.
--==--

To call a RIPE list non-technical is interesting however a quick google
search also shows up:

>"And Mark McCarron, an associate and advisory board member of
>The Great Pyramid of Giza Research Association, wrote a research
>article called "The Epsilon Theory."  Mark calls it "Wild Speculation."
>Nevertheless, he may have discovered how to regenerate living tissue!
>The article may be viewed in the Development section of his website,
>The Case for the Giza Necropolis Primer, at:
>
>     http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis/index.html

He also claimed on the RIPE list that he has approached 500 ISPs and within
a day 90% said that they would deploy his proposed system. He was
unfortunatly unable to provide us with any names or references.

In short I would suggest that we do not feed the troll.

Cheers

_________________________________________________________________
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OK, I'm with you on this. Can you share w/ the group what his "framework
definition" should look like so that those of us interested in assisting
can, in fact, assist?



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]=20
> Sent: Sunday, June 29, 2003 8:37 AM
> To: Peter Kay; asrg@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>=20
>=20
> At 09:19 PM 6/27/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
>=20
> >Yakov,
> >
> >I'll summarize my response based on your points and questions below:
> >
> >What I'm talking about is that our consent framework define a very,=20
> >very general set of standards such that:
> >
> >1. vendors can develop an anti-spam software module based on=20
> whatever=20
> >they think is a good idea.
> >
> >2. this module can be installed/plugged in/inserted/etc such that it=20
> >will apply to either the MUA or MTA, depending on how it was=20
>  intended.
> >
> >3. each module can interoperate with both the framework (of=20
> course) and=20
> >each other. This would allow modules to be installed in "series" or=20
> >possibly "parallel" so that several different modules can be=20
> stacked to=20
> >provide a powerful anti-spam technology.
> >
> >4. The modules can be controlled by a hierarchical organization=20
> >starting w/ the ISP at the highest level, then cascading to=20
> the domain,=20
> >then the end user.
>=20
> All correct,
>=20
> >If we think this is a good idea, then we can take all the different=20
> >specific anti-spam approaches that have been proposed so far and go=20
> >back and forth between thinking up the framework and thinking up the=20
> >modifications that would be required to the existing proposed=20
> >technologies.
>=20
> Yes that is what I am trying to accomplish.
>=20
> >The framework would primarily define the "bus" or the basic way that=20
> >data would be passed from one module to another both for the MTA and=20
> >MUA perspective.  The analogy here is we create a "PCI bus"=20
> designed to=20
> >allow end-users to control email that gets to their inbox and we let=20
> >customer need and market forces to create the specific "PCI=20
> Cards" that=20
> >get plugged into a given email infrastructure.
>=20
> I don't know if there would be a "bus" of some sort, more=20
> likely a few=20
> interacting protocols like CRI.
>=20
> >Does this make sense or am I completely way off in=20
> understanding what=20
> >we're talking about when we say framework?
> >
> >Peter Kay
> >President
> >TitanKey Software Web: www.titankey.com
> >The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
> >
> >
> > >
> > > >I think you've got the beginning of a consent-based
> > > framework. I like
> > > >it. What I'm getting out of this is:
> > > >
> > > >A. there exists a plug-in infrastructure that can run on=20
> MUA or MTA=20
> > > >(ISP).
> > >
> > > Plug-in is not the correct word here, we are seeking to create a=20
> > > general framework with details left for specific implementations.
> > >
> > > >B. each plug-in provides for some type of policy definition,
> > > related to
> > > >the plugins purpose. This can range from filtering to CR=20
> to all the=20
> > > >other methods mentioned below.
> > >
> > > Each implementation/
> > >
> > > >C. each plug-in can be configured by a hierarchy. Starting
> > > w/ the ISP
> > > >(for instance), then perhaps a domain-level admin (for corporate=20
> > > >applications0 and then the end-user.  We can decide on
> > > varying levels
> > > >of defaults or override capability so that for example if an ISP=20
> > > >whitelists a source, the end-user may have the option to
> > > blacklist it.
> > >
> > > Are you suggesting that the various implementations=20
> should be able=20
> > > to interoperate? This can be done by defining interoperability=20
> > > protocols like the CRI protocol for C/R systems.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > >To me, this reinforces what I've seen over the past few
> > > months on this
> > > >group:
> > > >
> > > >1. no one can agree what spam is. So at the end of the day, the=20
> > > >user has to have the power to decide. This is in line w/ the=20
> > > >charter.
> > >
> > > Agreed
> > >
> > > >2. no one technological approach "religion" (i.e. filtering,
> > > C/R, etc)
> > > >is adequate to deal with the general problem of "unwanted email".
> > >
> > > Agreed.
> > >
> > > >3. spammers will change their methods as time goes on, so the=20
> > > >architecture must allow for that.
> > >
> > > Agreed
> > >
> > >
> > > >In addition, a consent-based framework allows for multiple
> > > vendors to
> > > >participate. If we can create some sort of "email bus" I
> > > think it has a
> > > >lot of potential.
> > >
> > > An email bus? Can you explain this?
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
> > > consent-based system
> > > > > as per
> > > > > charter:
> > > > >
> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
> filter incoming=20
> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
> > > and are not
> > > > > mandated.
> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
> from banning=20
> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
> > > > > whitelist of trusted
> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
> > > > > unknown senders.
> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
> > > > > the bulk folder,
> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
> > > > > of trusted senders,
> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
> > > > > such as digital
> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
> > > > > email from
> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
> > > > > inbox unless
> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
> > > > > receiving a
> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
> > > > > email coming
> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
> > > > > encrypted to
> > > > > protect privacy.
> > > > >
> > > > > Any thoughts?
> > > > >
> > > > > Yakov
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > > Asrg mailing list
> > > > > Asrg@ietf.org https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >_______________________________________________
> > > >Asrg mailing list
> > > >Asrg@ietf.org
> > > >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > >
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > Asrg mailing list
> > > Asrg@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Asrg mailing list
> >Asrg@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>=20
>=20
>=20



_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Jun 29 21:23:45 2003
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From: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
To: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 01:20:55 +0000

Yakov,

This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the current one 
employed by Hotmail.  It is not effective in eliminating spam, the end user 
still recieves it and has to deal with it.  Also, it does not address the 
main issue about spam and that is the roughly 30% band-width absorbed across 
the Internet by it.  All this seems to do is sort it at the recieving end.

I also read something about a confirmation being sent back from the server, 
this is just an adaptation of challange response.

It also does not address the issue of spammer's who use their own mail 
servers.
Can you clear any of these problems up?

Mark McCarron.


> > > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
> > > consent-based system
> > > > > as per
> > > > > charter:
> > > > >
> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
>filter incoming=20
> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
> > > and are not
> > > > > mandated.
> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
>from banning=20
> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
> > > > > whitelist of trusted
> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
> > > > > unknown senders.
> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
> > > > > the bulk folder,
> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
> > > > > of trusted senders,
> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
> > > > > such as digital
> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
> > > > > email from
> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
> > > > > inbox unless
> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
> > > > > receiving a
> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
> > > > > email coming
> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
> > > > > encrypted to
> > > > > protect privacy.
> > > > >
> > > > > Any thoughts?
> > > > >
> > > > > Yakov

_________________________________________________________________
Use MSN Messenger to send music and pics to your friends 
http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger


_______________________________________________
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Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:42:38 -0400

First of all take a look a the group's charter 
(http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html). As the charter states we are 
seeking to define an overall consent framework and fit in all the different 
spam proposals into it. The proposal below was put forth to solicit 
opinions and ideas from people on consent in general and the consent 
framework in particular.

Yakov

At 01:20 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:

>Yakov,
>
>This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the current one 
>employed by Hotmail.  It is not effective in eliminating spam, the end 
>user still recieves it and has to deal with it.  Also, it does not address 
>the main issue about spam and that is the roughly 30% band-width absorbed 
>across the Internet by it.  All this seems to do is sort it at the 
>recieving end.
>
>I also read something about a confirmation being sent back from the 
>server, this is just an adaptation of challange response.
>
>It also does not address the issue of spammer's who use their own mail 
>servers.
>Can you clear any of these problems up?
>
>Mark McCarron.
>
>
>> > > > > -----Original Message-----
>> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
>> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
>> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
>> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>> > > > >
>> > > > >
>> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
>> > > consent-based system
>> > > > > as per
>> > > > > charter:
>> > > > >
>> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
>>filter incoming=20
>> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
>> > > and are not
>> > > > > mandated.
>> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
>>from banning=20
>> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
>> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
>> > > > > whitelist of trusted
>> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
>> > > > > unknown senders.
>> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
>> > > > > the bulk folder,
>> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
>> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
>> > > > > of trusted senders,
>> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
>> > > > > such as digital
>> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
>> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
>> > > > > email from
>> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
>> > > > > inbox unless
>> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
>> > > > > receiving a
>> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
>> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
>> > > > > email coming
>> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
>> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
>> > > > > encrypted to
>> > > > > protect privacy.
>> > > > >
>> > > > > Any thoughts?
>> > > > >
>> > > > > Yakov
>
>_________________________________________________________________
>Use MSN Messenger to send music and pics to your friends 
>http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Asrg mailing list
>Asrg@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg


_______________________________________________
Asrg mailing list
Asrg@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg



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Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> At 09:02 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Chris Lewis wrote:

>> Repeating exactly the same test 20,000+ times in a day?

>> I don't think so.

> I meant the spammers - perhaps the spammers are checking different 
> servers whether they implement RMX.

Checking the same server 20,000+ times in a day?

I don't think so.


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
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Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:55:42 -0700

At 10:10 AM 6/29/03 -0700, william@elan.net wrote:
[edited]
>On Sun, 29 Jun 2003, Richard Rognlie wrote:
>
>> RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
>> nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
>> hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote 
>> MTA.
>> 
>> IOW,  If I connect to a remote MTA and my MTA sends the greeting
>> EHLO play.gamerz.net.  That MTA can do a lookup of
>> my_ip_ad_dr._relays_._email_.play.gamerz.net and see immediately
>> that if it gets my.ip.ad.dr as the response, that, indeed, I am
>> a DRIP subscribed host.  If any other host attempts to connect
>> and claim to be play.gamerz.net, the IPs will not match (or there
>> will be no record at all).
>
>You can already do this by setting proper reverse dns ip for the record
>and reverse dns does allow for multipe names for the ip. So this is a
>a proposal that indends to allow equvalent of reverse dns check for
>when company running mail server does not have access to set reverse
>dns as it wishes. 
>

That's not /entirely/ correct.  
There's a way to do more than one reverse rDNS, but it
isn't generally practiced, and there's no way to deal with a machine
that has more than about 40 domains associated because of the
512 byte packet size limit in DNS.  (Yes, there's a way to send
packets that are bigger, but that's even more broken.)
I suspect though, it would be easier to standardize 
a way to handle that case, than get DMP/RMX/DRIP accepted.
(And yes, there are lots of IPs on the internet right now 
 that handle more domains than fit in a single packet.)

To illustrate another problem with multiple rDNS records,
consider the following hypothetical;
I run a mail server on my IP and it lists 10 rDNS records.
one is "mx35.yahoo.com" and the other nine are domains that 
point to my IP.
That IP sends you an email that claims to be from yahoo.com.
Do you mark it as a probably forgery?

What about email that claims to be from loser@pacbell.net and
originates from adsl-10-10-10-10.dsl.snfc21.pacbell.net?

These problems are not insurmountable, but they are problems.
a good rDNS implementation would need to deal with them,
and to do that means changes.

[...]
>
>And going futher on this, I'v thought about it for a while actually and 
>came to conclusion that reverse dns records should be used to authenticate
>servers (like now) but stronger authentication methhods should be used, 
>I'd favor SSL certificates, self-signed and tied to special reverse dns
>record. And for those who can not control reverse dns a workaround can be 
>provided by having well known certificate authority also sell similar 
>certificates. I'll provide details on this and number of my other proposals
>some time in the future, when I think through research group is a little 
>better organized...
>

Why rDNS?  If you insist on digital signatures, then it shouldn't 
be necessary to examine the transport layer /at all/.

Scott Nelson <scott@spamwolf.com>


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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Proposal: Separate ISP(s) for "guaranteed delivery" of email
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 02:20:18 -0400

On Sun, Jun 29, 2003 at 01:14:54AM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote

> >   I haven't specified the exact mechanism for separation between
> >"personal email" and "business email".  It'll probably be separate
> >domains and/or IP addresses.
> 
> Well if personal accounts can have read-only access, then you can just 
> route business email to their personal boxes which would remain the same.

  The business account will be guaranteed delivery.  The user's home
account, will be standard, not so reliable, delivery.  Again, let me
emphasize that the business ISP will follow the Fedex/Purolator/UPS
model.  Too expensive for everyday use for every piece of mail, but the
right solution when the sender is willing to pay a bit of money to
ensure that a file gets delivered.

-- 
Walter Dnes <waltdnes@waltdnes.org>
Email users are divided into two classes;
1) Those who have effective spam-blocking
2) Those who wish they did

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> 
> On the other hand, Information Risk Management questioned how any one
> person could "own" hundreds of computers at any one time.  
> And systems are
> often not "owned" by a single group, but exploited by multiple groups

Read 'Honeypots' by Spitzer which describes the honeynet project. It
is not unusual for a hacker to own hundreds of computers. There are 
some hacker groups that require members to own thousands of machines as 
a condition for entry.

The attack tools are automated. An owned machine can be used as a platform
to launch new attacks.

Some of the hard core criminal spam scams originate from clusters of 
hacked machines. This is how some identity theft spams are sent.

The two currencies of the hacking world are stolen credit card numbers
and owned machines. Both are considered fungible commodities.


		Phill

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To: "Peter Kay" <peter@titankey.com>, <asrg@ietf.org>
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 11:43:40 -0400

I will be writing up something this week and will post it to the list, so 
we can start working on defining this.

At 02:32 PM 6/29/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:

>OK, I'm with you on this. Can you share w/ the group what his "framework
>definition" should look like so that those of us interested in assisting
>can, in fact, assist?
>
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > Sent: Sunday, June 29, 2003 8:37 AM
> > To: Peter Kay; asrg@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
> >
> >
> > At 09:19 PM 6/27/2003 -1000, Peter Kay wrote:
> >
> > >Yakov,
> > >
> > >I'll summarize my response based on your points and questions below:
> > >
> > >What I'm talking about is that our consent framework define a very,
> > >very general set of standards such that:
> > >
> > >1. vendors can develop an anti-spam software module based on
> > whatever
> > >they think is a good idea.
> > >
> > >2. this module can be installed/plugged in/inserted/etc such that it
> > >will apply to either the MUA or MTA, depending on how it was
> >  intended.
> > >
> > >3. each module can interoperate with both the framework (of
> > course) and
> > >each other. This would allow modules to be installed in "series" or
> > >possibly "parallel" so that several different modules can be
> > stacked to
> > >provide a powerful anti-spam technology.
> > >
> > >4. The modules can be controlled by a hierarchical organization
> > >starting w/ the ISP at the highest level, then cascading to
> > the domain,
> > >then the end user.
> >
> > All correct,
> >
> > >If we think this is a good idea, then we can take all the different
> > >specific anti-spam approaches that have been proposed so far and go
> > >back and forth between thinking up the framework and thinking up the
> > >modifications that would be required to the existing proposed
> > >technologies.
> >
> > Yes that is what I am trying to accomplish.
> >
> > >The framework would primarily define the "bus" or the basic way that
> > >data would be passed from one module to another both for the MTA and
> > >MUA perspective.  The analogy here is we create a "PCI bus"
> > designed to
> > >allow end-users to control email that gets to their inbox and we let
> > >customer need and market forces to create the specific "PCI
> > Cards" that
> > >get plugged into a given email infrastructure.
> >
> > I don't know if there would be a "bus" of some sort, more
> > likely a few
> > interacting protocols like CRI.
> >
> > >Does this make sense or am I completely way off in
> > understanding what
> > >we're talking about when we say framework?
> > >
> > >Peter Kay
> > >President
> > >TitanKey Software Web: www.titankey.com
> > >The only technology that stops spam BEFORE it's even sent
> > >
> > >
> > > >
> > > > >I think you've got the beginning of a consent-based
> > > > framework. I like
> > > > >it. What I'm getting out of this is:
> > > > >
> > > > >A. there exists a plug-in infrastructure that can run on
> > MUA or MTA
> > > > >(ISP).
> > > >
> > > > Plug-in is not the correct word here, we are seeking to create a
> > > > general framework with details left for specific implementations.
> > > >
> > > > >B. each plug-in provides for some type of policy definition,
> > > > related to
> > > > >the plugins purpose. This can range from filtering to CR
> > to all the
> > > > >other methods mentioned below.
> > > >
> > > > Each implementation/
> > > >
> > > > >C. each plug-in can be configured by a hierarchy. Starting
> > > > w/ the ISP
> > > > >(for instance), then perhaps a domain-level admin (for corporate
> > > > >applications0 and then the end-user.  We can decide on
> > > > varying levels
> > > > >of defaults or override capability so that for example if an ISP
> > > > >whitelists a source, the end-user may have the option to
> > > > blacklist it.
> > > >
> > > > Are you suggesting that the various implementations
> > should be able
> > > > to interoperate? This can be done by defining interoperability
> > > > protocols like the CRI protocol for C/R systems.
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > >To me, this reinforces what I've seen over the past few
> > > > months on this
> > > > >group:
> > > > >
> > > > >1. no one can agree what spam is. So at the end of the day, the
> > > > >user has to have the power to decide. This is in line w/ the
> > > > >charter.
> > > >
> > > > Agreed
> > > >
> > > > >2. no one technological approach "religion" (i.e. filtering,
> > > > C/R, etc)
> > > > >is adequate to deal with the general problem of "unwanted email".
> > > >
> > > > Agreed.
> > > >
> > > > >3. spammers will change their methods as time goes on, so the
> > > > >architecture must allow for that.
> > > >
> > > > Agreed
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > >In addition, a consent-based framework allows for multiple
> > > > vendors to
> > > > >participate. If we can create some sort of "email bus" I
> > > > think it has a
> > > > >lot of potential.
> > > >
> > > > An email bus? Can you explain this?
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
> > > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
> > > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
> > > > consent-based system
> > > > > > as per
> > > > > > charter:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to
> > filter incoming
> > > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
> > > > and are not
> > > > > > mandated.
> > > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging
> > from banning
> > > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
> > > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
> > > > > > whitelist of trusted
> > > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
> > > > > > unknown senders.
> > > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
> > > > > > the bulk folder,
> > > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
> > > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
> > > > > > of trusted senders,
> > > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
> > > > > > such as digital
> > > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
> > > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
> > > > > > email from
> > > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
> > > > > > inbox unless
> > > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
> > > > > > receiving a
> > > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
> > > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
> > > > > > email coming
> > > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
> > > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
> > > > > > encrypted to
> > > > > > protect privacy.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Any thoughts?
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Yakov
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > > > Asrg mailing list
> > > > > > Asrg@ietf.org https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >_______________________________________________
> > > > >Asrg mailing list
> > > > >Asrg@ietf.org
> > > > >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > Asrg mailing list
> > > > Asrg@ietf.org
> > > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >_______________________________________________
> > >Asrg mailing list
> > >Asrg@ietf.org
> > >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Asrg mailing list
> > Asrg@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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Reply-To: <bob@wyman.us>
From: "Bob Wyman" <bob@wyman.us>
To: "'Jean-Christophe Bandini'" <jean-christophe.bandini@tumbleweed.com>
Cc: "'Spencer Dawkins'" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>,
        "'Asrg@Ietf. Org'" <asrg@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Asrg] 2 - Solving Spam By Establishing A Platform For Sender Accountability
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Jean-Christophe Bandini wrote:
> then whitelist become _more_ expensive to maintain than=20
> blacklist because as you said above there are 'massively=20
> more non-spammer than spammer'
	The relative expense depends on whether you are speaking
globally or locally. While there are many more non-spammer servers than
spammer's servers, for many receivers of email, they are exposed to more
spammer servers than non-spam servers. The number of non-spam servers is
limited to some number equal to or less than the number of
correspondents that the user has. The number of spam servers, however,
is typically very large for any user who receives spam. Thus, one can
argue that at the individual level, maintaining whitelists is much
cheaper than maintaining blacklists.
	On a more global level, it is clear that maintaining whitelists
is going to be more expensive. An ISP or listing service needs to be
able whitelist *all* of the unique machines that are on the aggregated
whitelists of all the individual users. In that case, the number of
whitelisted machines will probably greatly exceed the number of
blacklisted machines.
	So, yes, at the "global" level, whitelists would be larger than
blacklists, however, at a "local", individual user leve, the whitelists
would probably be smaller than the blacklists.

		bob wyman



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Subject: [Asrg] Consent proposal
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> ...This can be considered a consent-based concept, as it can be a parameter at 
the ISP end for each mail user. It adds quite a bit of overhead to the mail
server as it requires two additional messages for each one sent.  I see it
being part of the MTA process.  I send a message to someone.  The MTA
replies to the message with a "proof of sender request, " basically a
specially formatted email message that goes back to the server that sent it
based on the return address.  

The idea sounds promising other than that initial, 
perhaps-not-quite-fatally-flawed premise.  You've fallen into a big trap that 
confuses many folks... folks who don't realize that SMTP mail servers and POP3 
mail servers represent in fact two quite different entities (despite the fact 
that SMTP servers at some point talk to POP3 servers).  Specifically, at the 
sender's send, the SMTP and POP3 mail servers are not only not (usually) the 
same program, they are *quite* often not on the same machine (and moreover, may 
not even be under the ownership of the same company!).

Thus, if a recipient MTA sends a message back "based on the return address" it 
will go to the sender's POP3 server, which is VERY likely *not* going to be "the 
server that sent" the original outgoing SMTP message.

For one example, let's take a look at the (rather convoluted) path that my 
E-mail messages go through:

1)  I'm composing my messages here within my home LAN, behind a NAT router and 
cable modem.  My return address is my own domain, terabites.com.  My E-mail 
leaves my mail client and is passed in turn through my EMWAC SMTP server running 
on a NT 4.0 server box.  That passes it upstream through my WinProxy proxy 
server (running on a Win2K server box) which then goes out through my firewall, 
through the NAT router to the cable modem, and goes (obligatorially) to AT&T 
broadband (becoming Comcast's) outgoing SMTP server.  Note that many ISPs 
require that ALL outgoing mail from their users go through their SMTP servers, 
and do not allow downstream nodes to connect to off-net SMTP servers.

2)  AT&T's SMTP server delivers the message to the recipient's indicated domain, 
which might (or might not!) be the actual recipient's POP3 server.  Let's 
consider my own case, though, where the mail will be delivered to my personal 
domain provider (terabites.com).  NOTE THAT IT HERE IS SERVING AS RECIPIENT, NOT 
AS A SENDER!

3)  My domain provider's MTA forwards the incoming mail as requested to 
gordonepeterson2 at attbi.com.

4)  AT&T Broadband's (recently acquired by Comcast) mail server forwards my mail 
(starting today, in fact) to Comcast's new mail server at mail.comcast.net.  
This is the POP3 mail queue where I will (starting today) go to fetch my 
incoming messages.

Okay, so now this server at mail.comcast.net sends a request to 
gep2@terabites.com's MTA requesting confirmation that it originated the message 
in question.  It clearly did not... it was an intermediate point.

So who, anyhow, was actually the "originating" mail server, and how would one 
get back to it?

Let's say that Domain Direct (my domain provider) just forwards the 
'confirmation request' on, like it forwards the rest of my mail.  So it forwards 
the mail on through to gordonepeterson2 at attbi.com, which dutifully (starting 
today) forwards it on through to gordonepeterson2 at comcast.net.  Comcast's 
mail server, of course, has never seen the message I originally sent, so it 
can't confirm that it sent the original message.  

Now in fact, attbi's server (NOT mail.attbi.com, but smtp.attbi.com) IS the mail 
server that (as far as the Net at large is concerned) "originated" the message, 
although it probably wouldn't have any way to notice that (and certainly not 
based on my gep2@terabites.com E-mail address).  And then there are my proxy 
server and the REAL originating SMTP mail server at nts1.terabites.com, although 
it's behind a NAT router so nobody outside my local LAN can even get to that 
(TRUE originating) SMTP server at its non-routable IP address.


Let's take a look at another interesting variant on this, and that's Yahoogroups 
(specfically, but other mailing lists have similar issues):

So anyhow, the first step above is the same, then my post goes to (say) 
mailinglist@yahoogroups.com which forwards it on to the recipients of that 
mailing list.  Let's take the example for now of where the messages are 
delivered individually to list subscribers.

The mail has the "from" and "replyto" addresses of either (at the list 
moderator's option) mailinglist@yahoogroups.com or gep2@terabites.com.

Sending a confirmation request to gep2@terabites.com as the originator takes us 
back through the earlier situation, with the difficulties now compounded by the 
fact that (1) the message subject now has a (by default) [mailinglistname] 
prefixed to it, and that (2) NONE of the mail servers in the path we followed 
together above shows the message I originally sent going to 
listmember@hisisp.com.  The "originator" in that case is actually of course the 
Yahoogroups (or other mailing list) server, although it's not guaranteed that 
any of the "return address" items in the group will point back to it.  (Mailing 
list owners can usually specify whether they want replies to go by default to 
the originators of the message in question, versus to the list).

Now, one COULD imagine a scheme whereby a sender's outgoing mail could contain 
some kind of new header line which specified that a (and which) mail server was 
prepared to take responsibility for sending the message in question... but if 
it's not "the mail server" (whatever THAT actually means) corresponding to the 
sender's E-mail (presumably return) address, then it's not clear that you've 
gained a whole lot... since a spammer could say "here, use THIS server for 
confirmations!" and point at a bogus "spammer server" which simply confirms ALL 
requests in the affirmative. 

But even disregarding that problem, a more basic issue with this whole avenue of 
thinking is that it has to be handled by basically the whole Net before it can 
be useful... it's not a scheme (as mine is) which can be implemented 
incrementally, starting with as little as one single POP3 server.

> The sender's MTA responds with a "confirmation
request"  if it did send the message and the message is now available for
download based on moving it from the pending directory to a user directory.
If there is no response within a certain period the message is discarded.
It's a similar concept that I use when I get a telemarketer who I may want
to pursue what they are selling.  I ask for their phone number and call then
back. Granted I don't do this very often as I usually tell them to take me
off their call list and hang up.  If this has been mentioned I apologize as
the volume of messages is quite large on this list.

> In terms of Yakovs' consent based system:  I like the idea of an ISP form
that allows me to check boxes to deny HTML or non-signed messages.  

I think it has to be more than that, because I'm willing to (grudgingly) accept 
HTML from a few senders who (1) I feel are justified in using HTML, and (2) I 
trust to not abuse the power it gives them.  What I think is CRUCIAL is to allow 
me to specify the addressee/sender address pair for which I give permission to 
send me HTML-burdened E-mails (and/or attachments and/or base64 encoded bodies 
or whatever).  

Here again there is the Yahoogroups mailing lists issue.  

I have all of my Yahoogroups mailing lists set to send me only plain ASCII text, 
so those should get to me regardless of whether I list those groups as "trusted 
senders" or not.  Note that even if the Yahoogroups list is set to leave the 
mail with the original real sender's E-mail as the From: address, since 
Yahoogroups is sending only plain ASCII text, it should come through fine.

> And probably enter a few basic filters like deny any message that mentions
Viagra.  

One problem there is that there are so many ways of obscuring the content.  For 
instance, spammers commonly will use V I A G R A or V1AGRA or VIA<foo>GRA or 
some such to try to defeat content scanners.  So filters need to end up being a 
lot more than just "basic" if they're going to be effective.  A simple grep-type 
search is nowhere near adequate.  (I *will* claim however that messages which by 
default are not allowed to contain HTML, attachments, or printable or other 
encoding deny to spammers a large percentage of the potential types of deceits 
and deceptions they can use to defeat content scanners.  Hence, I think that 
preventing untrusted senders from sending HTML-burdened messages by default is 
one MAJOR step that we NEED to employ to stem the crushing tidal wave of spam!). 
 My personal content filtering here is based on SNOBOL4/SPITBOL, whose pattern 
matching is far more powerful (AND faster!) than the braindead regex-based 
pattern matching offered in Perl, which is what most (other!) people have 
attempted to use for such content filters so far.

Another fairly obvious problem is that the message YOU just sent (which I'm 
responding to) would be filtered out by a filter triggered by the word "Viagra" 
in the E-mail message (and my just RE-mentioning it would make THIS one even 
more likely, perhaps, to be t-canned).  Those are issues of content filters in 
general, but regardless of the technology these are hugely simplified if they 
don't have to deal with HTML, scripting, and attachments.

> Also you could determine what lists to use to deny or accept
messages.  I prefer not to filter messages on my machine, but I don't see
the typical ISP processing all these rules and filters without a substantial
increase in cost of doing business. 

That's true, but perhaps not to the degree you'd indicate.  Remember that there 
are costs to passing along the tidal wave of spam, too... it might be that it 
costs less to truncate it earlier.  Processing power really is pretty cheap (and 
getting cheaper all the time) so adding even quite a bit of power for filtering 
doesn't have to really be very expensive (especially compared to the cost of 
bandwidth to receive and send on the messages to begin with).

> So I think having something at both ends makes sense in the short term.  

Certainly the really FINE-grained filtering should probably be done at the 
recipient end (and giving them the opportunity for "one last ditch effort" to 
filter out some of the residual spam which evaded the various filters higher up 
the chain.

> The long term it should be an issue for the MTA to manage based on some 
parameters that the user or ISP set.

That would be NICE but in the end, I think that final control of each user's 
inbox belongs with the user.

> I like the idea of a white list that is supported by some industry entity
like the DMA.  

I don't necessarily think that they're going to like a technique that's as 
restrictive as the users probably want.  

> But I also like the way I can put my phone number in the
DMA's database and all those marketers who subscribe to their service won't
call me.

If enough of the public do that, the DMA's list will incorporate most of the 
phone numbers in the USA and marketers simply won't join or subscribe to DMA's 
service.  That's why such lists must be maintained by the government instead, 
and then we just all hope and pray that big-political-contributor companies 
don't manage to subvert the will of the people (more than they already have).

:-((

> The bottom line is that consent should be easy for the general user to deal
with and understand.

On THAT part we're definitely on the same page.

How about something like:

mail to gep2@terabites.com
	default
		allow plain ASCII
	from cluelessaunt@aol.com
		allow HTML only safe 
		allow attachments only (JPG,DOC)
	from friend@china.net
		allow encoding including (base64,printable)
	from george@arthurandersen.com
		allow attachments including (XLS)
	from internalsupport@mycompany.com
		allow HTML including (scripting,Javascript)
		allow attachments including executable
	from md5hash(reallysensitive@secretisp.gov)
		allow attachments including (JPG,ZIP,PGP)
		allow encoding including (base64)
	from sailboatphotos@yahoogroups.com
		allow attachments only (JPG,DOC)
	from statements@mybank.com
		allow HTML
	from susanprogrammer@trustedcompany.com
		allow attachments including executable
	from tom@adagency.com
		allow attachments including (TTF,GIF,DOC,PPT)
	from trustedfriendtom@hisisp.com
		allow attachments
		allow HTML
mail to gep2hobby@somdomain.com
	from sailboats@yahoogroups.com
		allow attachments only (JPG,GIF)
mail to gep2bot@otherdomain.com
	from senderbot@somecompany.com
		allow attachments only (ZIP)
	from otherbot@othercompany.com
		allow attachments only (XML,ZIP)


Initially, this permissions list could be simply edited, although longer-term it 
probably should be manipulated by incremental add/update through some kind of 
menu system, Web page, or maybe E-mailed commands.  A good implementation would 
probably maintain at least two copies of the list, one a local copy on the 
user's own machine (just for a safeguard backup copy) and the other at the 
user's ISP or domain provider (wherever the filtering is going to be done).

If one wanted to use hashing or something (I've hinted at that ability above) 
there are a variety of things that might be implemented there (again, we don't 
need worldwide consensus for any of my proposals, since they're basically 
single-ended and only involve the recipient user and their ISP or domain 
provider).  Presumably hashing or encryption would be done, if done at all, in 
whatever way would provide adequate security and not revealing secret 
information to those who shouldn't have it (and don't have it anyhow).

Gordon Peterson                  http://personal.terabites.com/
1977-2002  Twenty-fifth anniversary year of Local Area Networking!
Support the Anti-SPAM Amendment!  Join at http://www.cauce.org/
12/19/98: Partisan Republicans scornfully ignore the voters they "represent".
12/09/00: the date the Republican Party took down democracy in America.



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Re: 6 - Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol (DRIP)
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Please do NOT copy me when sending to the ASRG list.

The big difference is what is verified. DRIP verifies that
the DOMAIN used in the HELO/EHLO command is permitted from
the client  IP address; RMX verifies that the DOMAIN used in
the envelope is permitted from the client IP address.

DRIP is more about reducing the amount of spewed payload from
virus infected systems than anything else.

DRIP and RMX compatible in that both can be used together.


Raymond S Brand


Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
> At 01:21 PM 6/28/2003 -0400, Raymond S Brand wrote:
> 
> >The June 24 DRIP document has a problem with the use of DNS
> >wildcard records. Attached is an updated DRIP document and
> >a diff of the important changes between the two documents.
> >[..]
> >
> >    The Designated Relays Inquiry Protocol, DRIP, is a method for domain
> >    name owners to specify the IP addresses that are authorized to relay
> >    mail as a domain name in the SMTP HELO and EHLO commands. The
> >    protocol provides a method for server MTAs to reject SMTP connections
> >    from IP addresses not authorized to use the domain name given in the
> >    SMTP HELO and EHLO commands.
> >[..]
> 
> How is this proposal different from RMX proposal by Hadmut Danisch
> (http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-danisch-dns-rr-smtp-02.txt) and
> the various other rDNS proposals (see Mike Rubel's page at
> http://www.mikerubel.org/computers/rmx_records/).

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Please do NOT copy me on mail sent to the ASRG list.

Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> 
> At 11:11 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Richard Rognlie wrote:
> 
...
> >
> >RMX (et al) deal with the envelope from address.  This proposal has
> >nothing to do with the envelope.  It is an attempt to sanitize the
> >hostname specified as the HELO/EHLO when connecting to a remote
> >MTA.
> >[..]
> 
> Dealing with the return envelope has its own problems (DSN messages with
> empty MAIL FROM <>) so it seems that dealing with the HELO/EHLO is better.
> BUT, the bottom line is that both proposals are DNS based and propose
> additional DNS records. Whether the filtering is done on HELO/EHLO level or
> return envelope is something to be left to the implementators. Both
> proposals are basically the same - they are mandating DNS records.

Both proposals require a database where domain name owners can declare
which IP addresses may use the domain name and how those IPs may use it;
DNS is a natural choice here.


Raymond S Brand

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Please do NOT copy me on mail sent to the ASRG list.

Richard Rognlie wrote:
> 
> On Sun, Jun 29, 2003 at 03:15:26PM -0400, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
> > At 11:11 AM 6/29/2003 -0400, Richard Rognlie wrote:
> >
...
> >
> > Dealing with the return envelope has its own problems (DSN messages with
> > empty MAIL FROM <>) so it seems that dealing with the HELO/EHLO is better.
> > BUT, the bottom line is that both proposals are DNS based and propose
> > additional DNS records. Whether the filtering is done on HELO/EHLO level or
> > return envelope is something to be left to the implementators. Both
> > proposals are basically the same - they are mandating DNS records.
> 
> Just additional records.  Not any additional record types.
> And as such, we are not at the mercy of waiting for any particular
> flavor of BIND to work its way out into the mainstream.

In comparison to RMX, the records required by DRIP are in the zones that
the domain name owners administrate (or pay someone to administrate);
whereas, the records required by RMX are in the in-addr.arpa, or IPv6
equivalent, which is usually administered by some other entity. RMX
query result can be huge; DRIP query results are small (singe A record).

> FWIW, this is part 1 of 2 proposals.    Ray (and his hearty band of cohorts)
> will be working on the 2nd part [formalizing it] soon.   It will be
> working on the validity of the headers (not the env-from, but the
> *whole* bunch of headers).  but I'll leave it's discussion to him.

Actually, it validates the envelope from also.

BTW, Richard is one of the cohorts.


Raymond S Brand

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Subject: [Asrg] 'GIEIS' - Overview to be released in next few hours
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A more in-depth overview of the 'GIEIS' system will be released within the 
next few hours.  This overview has taken into account the comments and 
suggestions of all posters and will provide a clearer overview of the 
system.

This overview will also be posted to this mailing list and at the website:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

Please let me know what you think of this new overview and the new 
suggestions that appear within it.  Examine the proposal extremely 
carefully, as it is very detailed.  I look forward to your feedback.

Mark McCarron.

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Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 13:54:33 -0400

At 05:06 PM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:

>Thankyou for your reply.  I have not been posting this conversation to the 
>group.  You can if you wish, you have my full permission to do so.
>
>Sorry, I wasn't refering to you personally about selling anti-span 
>solutions, that was just a general comment.  'The Ultimate Spam System' 
>may be too hard to handle, but that is an accurate description of the system.

There are numerous other proposals that seek to change the underlying 
infrastructure - YOU ARE NOT ALONE. Example of this would be Walter Dnes's 
proposal, another example would the AMDP protocol 
(http://www.amdpmail.com/), MTP protocol 
(http://www.danisch.de/tmp/draft_mtp.txt), etc. Also take a look at this 
list message 
(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00882.html) 
that lists objection to new systems.

>Also, as you learn within the next few hours, the system will be near 
>impossible to hack based upon its architecture.  I have complete the 
>overview today, and it will be released in the next coming hours to the 
>mailing group.
>
>I feel that change to the architecture is the magic bullet solution.  I am 
>not claiming this will be easy, but it is certainly far from impossible.

We know as a group that changing the architecture will significantly reduce 
the spam problem. However, moving over and implementing such change is 
extremely hard as Alan DeKok and many other pointed out. Our goal is to 
create a cohesive framework for anti-spam solutions with short, medium and 
long term solutions.

>This will not be an alternative email system that will reside along side 
>the current one.  It will replace it completely making it entirely redundant.

However until it does, it will operate side by side with the regular SMTP. 
Thus, its alternative.

>The US military is instigating a change to IPv6 in mid 2004 or 2006 (I'll 
>clear that date up, the source is at Reuters, I read it a few days ago).
>This will have a global impact, I believe that 'GIEIS' would be 
>implemented at this stage also.

IPv6 is backwards compatible with IPv4 UNLIKE your system, Walter Dnes's 
proposal and many others have accounted to backwards compatibility, you 
have not yet as seen from this quote:

"What would happen if this system was implemented and I tried to send spam 
or even an email from an older server?
The message would not be received by those protected by 'GIEIS'."

>Also, my system would inform users when a limit was reached.  Users would 
>know if they sent this volume of email and the system would have 
>information of those who suspect their machine was infected or hacked.

This idea has been proposed before by Mike Rubel 
(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg04616.html).

>Mark McCarron.
>
>
>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>>Subject: [offlist] Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 12:29:09 -0400
>>
>>The consent framework is not a specific solution - its a framework. 
>>Various anti-spam tools and proposals including yours will fit into this 
>>framework. It is more of a bird-eye view of all anti-spam solutions.
>>
>>As for your specific proposal, first of all my company does not write or 
>>distribute anti-spam software so I do not have "financial considerations" 
>>here. I also do not like the name calling between different group members 
>>- it causes a feeling of discord. Additionally, calling your system "the 
>>ultimate anti spam system" is a bit too much for most members to handle. 
>>I would like to see everyone to stay away from name calling while keeping 
>>in mind that this is a technical list.
>>
>>As for the technical considerations of your proposal, what you are 
>>proposing essentially is an alternative email system along side of the 
>>current one. This is similar to the system being proposed by Walter Dnes 
>>except that his system does not rely on cryptographic methods (see 
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05683.html). 
>>The problem with this system is three fold - one is the fact that 
>>everyone has to change in order to use it which is also a problem with 
>>Walter's proposal. The second problem is privacy - what you are 
>>essentially proposing is that every single email message will have a 
>>tracking number that can be traced to the sender. This creates potential 
>>for abuse. Third, inter-operability with existing email is a big problem 
>>as well since no one would want to use an alternative system unless many 
>>people will switch over to it and many people will not switch to it until 
>>others use it. If you look through the mailing list archive somewhere 
>>there is a list of requirements by Eric Williams. I asked him to email me 
>>the most recent copy which I will forward to you. Among those 
>>requirements, deployment and inter-operability rank pretty high up.
>>
>>It is obvious that creating an alternative email system will cut down on 
>>spam since its the open nature of the Net that causes it. But as I 
>>mentioned before, cell phone companies build their SMS systems based on 
>>email (at least in US) and SMTP, so you can see how pervasive existing 
>>standards are. Additionally, as Barry Shain has mentioned many times 
>>before, much of spam is being sent via hacked computers. Even with your 
>>rate limits in place, spammers can probably be able to coordinate many 
>>hacked computers to send spam from legit GEIS/EAS senders.
>>
>>Among the various discussions over the last few months, many of the group 
>>members have reached a conclusion that there is not magic silver bullet 
>>that will stop spam overnight. Rather, a combination of various solutions 
>>and proposals will start cutting into the spam flow until it stops.
>>
>>Yakov
>>
>>P.S. I am replying to you off-list since the message that you sent me was 
>>not CCed to the group list. Please let me know if this is correct because 
>>I would rather have discussions in public so we can get comments from 
>>other people.
>>
>>At 03:23 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>
>>>Paul is an excellent poster, he has the subject matter clearly 
>>>defined.  I see he has broken the issue down to two major catagories, 
>>>local and global.
>>>The consent system is going to be difficult to implement, I haven't seen 
>>>anything that actually deals with issue of how to prevent sending spam.
>>>The 'GIEIS' system would be on the middle ground in terms of consent and 
>>>its application would be global.  It forces the erasure/stoppage of all 
>>>fraudulent email but also allows the end-user the whitelist options.
>>>
>>>There has been a lot of confusion on the system and I have been 
>>>compiling all the postings in one file so that I can clearly address all 
>>>concerns.
>>>Also, there seems to be quite a bit of opposition to the idea of a 
>>>centralised angency and a lot of paranoid responses to it.  The more I 
>>>post on the subject, and the clearer the system has become, concerns 
>>>have dwindled.  The main opposition now comes from those advocating 
>>>'anti-spam software' and this is just to protect financial considerations.
>>>
>>>'GIEIS' is the only proposal I have ever seen that can stop all 
>>>fraudulent email.  Are you aware of any others?
>>>
>>>I'm am in the process of designing an Internet draft of the system.  It 
>>>is a major task as there is a lot to go through.  I have 30 pages of 
>>>comments alone to address, however, all the comments have a resolution 
>>>within the 'GIEIS' system.  I will post a complete accurate proposal of 
>>>the system in the next few days once I have compiled all the information 
>>>together.  It will refer to both local, global, consent and forced issues.
>>>
>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>
>>>
>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,research@solidmatrix.com
>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:52:34 -0400
>>>>
>>>>Take a look at today's message from the chair, Paul Judge, on this 
>>>>subject 
>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05968.html). 
>>>>The consent framework that we are discussing is not limited to 
>>>>end-users only. The generic proposal that I put forth concentrated 
>>>>specifically on the end-user and this is probably what is throwing you off.
>>>>
>>>>Yakov
>>>>
>>>>At 02:46 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>This I understand very well.  What I am asking is, have you been able 
>>>>>to overcome any of the limitations I mentioned?
>>>>>
>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:41:54 -0400
>>>>>>
>>>>>>First of all take a look a the group's charter 
>>>>>>(http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html). As the charter states we 
>>>>>>are seeking to define an overall consent framework and fit in all the 
>>>>>>different spam proposals into it. The proposal below was put forth to 
>>>>>>solicit opinions and ideas from people on consent in general and the 
>>>>>>consent framework in particular.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>
>>>>>>At 01:20 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Yakov,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the 
>>>>>>>current one employed by Hotmail.  It is not effective in eliminating 
>>>>>>>spam, the end user still recieves it and has to deal with it.  Also, 
>>>>>>>it does not address the main issue about spam and that is the 
>>>>>>>roughly 30% band-width absorbed across the Internet by it.  All this 
>>>>>>>seems to do is sort it at the recieving end.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>I also read something about a confirmation being sent back from the 
>>>>>>>server, this is just an adaptation of challange response.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>It also does not address the issue of spammer's who use their own 
>>>>>>>mail servers.
>>>>>>>Can you clear any of these problems up?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> > > > > -----Original Message-----
>>>>>>>> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
>>>>>>>> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
>>>>>>>> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
>>>>>>>> > > consent-based system
>>>>>>>> > > > > as per
>>>>>>>> > > > > charter:
>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
>>>>>>>>filter incoming=20
>>>>>>>> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
>>>>>>>> > > and are not
>>>>>>>> > > > > mandated.
>>>>>>>> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
>>>>>>>>from banning=20
>>>>>>>> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
>>>>>>>> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
>>>>>>>> > > > > whitelist of trusted
>>>>>>>> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
>>>>>>>> > > > > unknown senders.
>>>>>>>> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
>>>>>>>> > > > > the bulk folder,
>>>>>>>> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
>>>>>>>> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
>>>>>>>> > > > > of trusted senders,
>>>>>>>> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
>>>>>>>> > > > > such as digital
>>>>>>>> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
>>>>>>>> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
>>>>>>>> > > > > email from
>>>>>>>> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
>>>>>>>> > > > > inbox unless
>>>>>>>> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
>>>>>>>> > > > > receiving a
>>>>>>>> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
>>>>>>>> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
>>>>>>>> > > > > email coming
>>>>>>>> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
>>>>>>>> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
>>>>>>>> > > > > encrypted to
>>>>>>>> > > > > protect privacy.
>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>> > > > > Any thoughts?
>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>> > > > > Yakov
>
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 16:22:57 -0200

Mike Wild wrote:

......
>low several thousands mailboxes.  As several people have pointed out the 
>margins in the ISP business are *EXTREMELY* low leaving precious little 
>excess resource to deal with what I find an alarming and intractable 
>problem that threatens our business.  I am *NOT* a Unix (Linux actually) 
>guru, simply a frustrated and
>overworked computer professional attempting to deal with an *VERY* 
>resistant problem.

Well, I'll worked with Unix for 18 years and still feel much the same.
Spam is a work related stress hazard, as well as an economic problem ;-).

.........
>I do have to agree with his assertion that SMTP is fundamentally flawed in 
>its current incarnation.  Many legitimately useful features used by 
>innocent parties are also abused by the spammers to deliver their crap.  
>This, IMHO, is the core of the problem.  Folks don't want to give up the 
>flawed features

Agree, we that operate mail don't want to do dramatic changes to
the infrastructure we have, much because the reasons you gave first,
time and money. And, it does not matter if we are a ISP, as you or
someone at a company, as me, the problem is the same, though the
definition of spam might be different.

Therefore we must look at spam not as primarily a technical problem,
but a sociological and economical problem, someone earning on
breaking the courtesy rules and this one will continue, until the
basis for this behavior, the income, trickle away.


>I have read some interesting proposals (RMX and Greylisting spring
>immediately to mind) which is why I am still subscribed to the list.  One
>thing that I have found somewhat alarming in some of the proposals is the
>amount of "state information" required to be maintained on the mail 
>servers.
>An example of this would be the triples (sender/receiver/transmitting IP
>address) though I find this state information to be less troublesome as it
........

What we have seen, is that many of these schemes also can be deceived,
by using real accounts.  Spam control can in the long run not be fought by
fighting it's shadows (possible patterns, IP-nos and such), one have to 
fight
the tangible, as if the sending mail server is who it says it is, what info 
in
the spam that really can be validated and that the spammer can't cover up,
because then he/she does not get their share of the economics if they do.

Remove the money and only the destructive spammers are left. With time, if
the users follow our instructions of not posting their home address on web
pages or Netnews, addresses gets unvalid and also these will go away.

The first goal of spam control must be to stop the ca +200 spammers, that
Spamhaus lists as the core, rend their spams inoperative, because then their
customers go away. You simply don't buy ad's that don't work. No-one can
affort that today.

.........
>anti-spam solution.  The most important requirement is that the solution is
>effective in the SMTP phase.  Once my server has received the /n./n it has
>committed considerable resource to attempt to deliver that message.  The
>second most important requirement is that the solution makes the
>accept/reject decision based on firm, indisputable criteria...ie this 
>server
>*IS* who it says it is, this sender can receive the bounce should the
>message prove undeliverable...basically the sending machine does not have 
>to

SMTP is something we will live with, it is like VHS, somewhat deficient, but
does it job good enough. It is against human nature to change stuff that 
work,
if it does not hinder to many users.  Mail users do not associate spam with 
SMTP,
because they do not know what SMTP is, therefore no demands for a change.
"My outlook/Eudora/Lotus Notes/Pegasus/what ever shall work" (remember also,
the mailer has a smtp session).  A change need that the SMTP is redefined 
and
implemented under normal support, not a big bang. RMX might be simpler, but
still a lot of organizations will not dare to change, since they know what 
they
have, but not what they got.

>I apologize for the length of this post

Not needed, it tells the reality, often is forgotten in technical 
discussions.

...............
>capable and more intelligent members of the list with an idea of the
>requirements/desires of administrators that cannot or will not "roll their
>own" solution.  As a final thought we did actually consider stopping doing
>email altogether.  Solving or, at least, reducing the spam problem to a
>nuisance level has become a "revenge thing" for me, for better or worse.  I
...............

If the list learn to close the lid on the technicalities for some time and 
start
looking at the requirements and revisits the problem at hand again, the
chance exist.

If we don't neglect the driving force and the real size of the main
problem, the secondary problems might be easier to solve, without
copyrighted or patented solutions.  Do we have a possibility of matching
spams to a certain spammer (statistical), so we can understand his/her
business, then we can look for options to stop that. Some spammers
do take credit to having neutralizing new antispam methods within an
hour or so. Well, then we do look at the wrong info to stop them.

Kurt Magnusson

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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Fwd: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 14:24:48 -0400


>From: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>To: research@solidmatrix.com
>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 18:21:09 +0000
>X-OriginalArrivalTime: 30 Jun 2003 18:21:10.0073 (UTC) 
>FILETIME=[615B5290:01C33F34]
>
>
>
>The 'GIEIS' system is not designed to be backwards compatible.  There is 
>no possible way for any solution to arise using the current system.  If it 
>could be achieved it would have happened by now.
>
>I am completely unconcerned with objections.  As I said before, I not 
>designing a system to win a 'popularity' contest.  I am concerned with 
>only one thing, complete effectiveness.  Nothing else.
>
>I looked at the systems you from the links you provided.  They can all be 
>bypassed without too much effort.
>
>It will not be an alternative, the system will not be active until the 
>patner companies are ready.  Then it will become exclusive.
>
>I read mike's proposal, its slightly different from my system.  You will 
>understand this within the next hour or so.
>
>Mark McCarron.
>
>
>
>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 13:54:33 -0400
>>
>>At 05:06 PM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>
>>>Thankyou for your reply.  I have not been posting this conversation to 
>>>the group.  You can if you wish, you have my full permission to do so.
>>>
>>>Sorry, I wasn't refering to you personally about selling anti-span 
>>>solutions, that was just a general comment.  'The Ultimate Spam System' 
>>>may be too hard to handle, but that is an accurate description of the system.
>>
>>There are numerous other proposals that seek to change the underlying 
>>infrastructure - YOU ARE NOT ALONE. Example of this would be Walter 
>>Dnes's proposal, another example would the AMDP protocol 
>>(http://www.amdpmail.com/), MTP protocol 
>>(http://www.danisch.de/tmp/draft_mtp.txt), etc. Also take a look at this 
>>list message 
>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00882.html) 
>>that lists objection to new systems.
>>
>>>Also, as you learn within the next few hours, the system will be near 
>>>impossible to hack based upon its architecture.  I have complete the 
>>>overview today, and it will be released in the next coming hours to the 
>>>mailing group.
>>>
>>>I feel that change to the architecture is the magic bullet solution.  I 
>>>am not claiming this will be easy, but it is certainly far from impossible.
>>
>>We know as a group that changing the architecture will significantly 
>>reduce the spam problem. However, moving over and implementing such 
>>change is extremely hard as Alan DeKok and many other pointed out. Our 
>>goal is to create a cohesive framework for anti-spam solutions with 
>>short, medium and long term solutions.
>>
>>>This will not be an alternative email system that will reside along side 
>>>the current one.  It will replace it completely making it entirely redundant.
>>
>>However until it does, it will operate side by side with the regular 
>>SMTP. Thus, its alternative.
>>
>>>The US military is instigating a change to IPv6 in mid 2004 or 2006 
>>>(I'll clear that date up, the source is at Reuters, I read it a few days ago).
>>>This will have a global impact, I believe that 'GIEIS' would be 
>>>implemented at this stage also.
>>
>>IPv6 is backwards compatible with IPv4 UNLIKE your system, Walter Dnes's 
>>proposal and many others have accounted to backwards compatibility, you 
>>have not yet as seen from this quote:
>>
>>"What would happen if this system was implemented and I tried to send 
>>spam or even an email from an older server?
>>The message would not be received by those protected by 'GIEIS'."
>>
>>>Also, my system would inform users when a limit was reached.  Users 
>>>would know if they sent this volume of email and the system would have 
>>>information of those who suspect their machine was infected or hacked.
>>
>>This idea has been proposed before by Mike Rubel 
>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg04616.html).
>>
>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>
>>>
>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>>>>Subject: [offlist] Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 12:29:09 -0400
>>>>
>>>>The consent framework is not a specific solution - its a framework. 
>>>>Various anti-spam tools and proposals including yours will fit into 
>>>>this framework. It is more of a bird-eye view of all anti-spam solutions.
>>>>
>>>>As for your specific proposal, first of all my company does not write 
>>>>or distribute anti-spam software so I do not have "financial 
>>>>considerations" here. I also do not like the name calling between 
>>>>different group members - it causes a feeling of discord. Additionally, 
>>>>calling your system "the ultimate anti spam system" is a bit too much 
>>>>for most members to handle. I would like to see everyone to stay away 
>>>>from name calling while keeping in mind that this is a technical list.
>>>>
>>>>As for the technical considerations of your proposal, what you are 
>>>>proposing essentially is an alternative email system along side of the 
>>>>current one. This is similar to the system being proposed by Walter 
>>>>Dnes except that his system does not rely on cryptographic methods (see 
>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05683.html). 
>>>>The problem with this system is three fold - one is the fact that 
>>>>everyone has to change in order to use it which is also a problem with 
>>>>Walter's proposal. The second problem is privacy - what you are 
>>>>essentially proposing is that every single email message will have a 
>>>>tracking number that can be traced to the sender. This creates 
>>>>potential for abuse. Third, inter-operability with existing email is a 
>>>>big problem as well since no one would want to use an alternative 
>>>>system unless many people will switch over to it and many people will 
>>>>not switch to it until others use it. If you look through the mailing 
>>>>list archive somewhere there is a list of requirements by Eric 
>>>>Williams. I asked him to email me the most recent copy which I will 
>>>>forward to you. Among those requirements, deployment and 
>>>>inter-operability rank pretty high up.
>>>>
>>>>It is obvious that creating an alternative email system will cut down 
>>>>on spam since its the open nature of the Net that causes it. But as I 
>>>>mentioned before, cell phone companies build their SMS systems based on 
>>>>email (at least in US) and SMTP, so you can see how pervasive existing 
>>>>standards are. Additionally, as Barry Shain has mentioned many times 
>>>>before, much of spam is being sent via hacked computers. Even with your 
>>>>rate limits in place, spammers can probably be able to coordinate many 
>>>>hacked computers to send spam from legit GEIS/EAS senders.
>>>>
>>>>Among the various discussions over the last few months, many of the 
>>>>group members have reached a conclusion that there is not magic silver 
>>>>bullet that will stop spam overnight. Rather, a combination of various 
>>>>solutions and proposals will start cutting into the spam flow until it stops.
>>>>
>>>>Yakov
>>>>
>>>>P.S. I am replying to you off-list since the message that you sent me 
>>>>was not CCed to the group list. Please let me know if this is correct 
>>>>because I would rather have discussions in public so we can get 
>>>>comments from other people.
>>>>
>>>>At 03:23 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>Paul is an excellent poster, he has the subject matter clearly defined.
>>>>>I see he has broken the issue down to two major catagories, local and 
>>>>>global.
>>>>>The consent system is going to be difficult to implement, I haven't 
>>>>>seen anything that actually deals with issue of how to prevent sending spam.
>>>>>The 'GIEIS' system would be on the middle ground in terms of consent 
>>>>>and its application would be global.  It forces the erasure/stoppage 
>>>>>of all fraudulent email but also allows the end-user the whitelist options.
>>>>>
>>>>>There has been a lot of confusion on the system and I have been 
>>>>>compiling all the postings in one file so that I can clearly address 
>>>>>all concerns.
>>>>>Also, there seems to be quite a bit of opposition to the idea of a 
>>>>>centralised angency and a lot of paranoid responses to it.  The more I 
>>>>>post on the subject, and the clearer the system has become, concerns 
>>>>>have dwindled.  The main opposition now comes from those advocating 
>>>>>'anti-spam software' and this is just to protect financial considerations.
>>>>>
>>>>>'GIEIS' is the only proposal I have ever seen that can stop all 
>>>>>fraudulent email.  Are you aware of any others?
>>>>>
>>>>>I'm am in the process of designing an Internet draft of the 
>>>>>system.  It is a major task as there is a lot to go through.  I have 
>>>>>30 pages of comments alone to address, however, all the comments have 
>>>>>a resolution within the 'GIEIS' system.  I will post a complete 
>>>>>accurate proposal of the system in the next few days once I have 
>>>>>compiled all the information together.  It will refer to both local, 
>>>>>global, consent and forced issues.
>>>>>
>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" 
>>>>>><markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,research@solidmatrix.com
>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:52:34 -0400
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Take a look at today's message from the chair, Paul Judge, on this 
>>>>>>subject 
>>>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05968.html). 
>>>>>>The consent framework that we are discussing is not limited to 
>>>>>>end-users only. The generic proposal that I put forth concentrated 
>>>>>>specifically on the end-user and this is probably what is throwing you off.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>
>>>>>>At 02:46 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>This I understand very well.  What I am asking is, have you been 
>>>>>>>able to overcome any of the limitations I mentioned?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:41:54 -0400
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>First of all take a look a the group's charter 
>>>>>>>>(http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html). As the charter states we 
>>>>>>>>are seeking to define an overall consent framework and fit in all 
>>>>>>>>the different spam proposals into it. The proposal below was put 
>>>>>>>>forth to solicit opinions and ideas from people on consent in 
>>>>>>>>general and the consent framework in particular.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>At 01:20 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Yakov,
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the 
>>>>>>>>>current one employed by Hotmail.  It is not effective in 
>>>>>>>>>eliminating spam, the end user still recieves it and has to deal 
>>>>>>>>>with it.  Also, it does not address the main issue about spam and 
>>>>>>>>>that is the roughly 30% band-width absorbed across the Internet by 
>>>>>>>>>it.  All this seems to do is sort it at the recieving end.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>I also read something about a confirmation being sent back from 
>>>>>>>>>the server, this is just an adaptation of challange response.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>It also does not address the issue of spammer's who use their own 
>>>>>>>>>mail servers.
>>>>>>>>>Can you clear any of these problems up?
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > -----Original Message-----
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
>>>>>>>>>> > > consent-based system
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > as per
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > charter:
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
>>>>>>>>>>filter incoming=20
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
>>>>>>>>>> > > and are not
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > mandated.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
>>>>>>>>>>from banning=20
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > whitelist of trusted
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > unknown senders.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > the bulk folder,
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > of trusted senders,
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > such as digital
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email from
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > inbox unless
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > receiving a
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email coming
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > encrypted to
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > protect privacy.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Any thoughts?
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Yakov
>>>
>>>_________________________________________________________________
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To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 14:26:28 -0400

This raises an interesting issue for the group in general. If the current 
spam problem is not fixed, would there be a move to proprietary alternative 
email solutions such as this one?

Yakov

At 06:21 PM 6/30/2003 +0000, you wrote:


>The 'GIEIS' system is not designed to be backwards compatible.  There is 
>no possible way for any solution to arise using the current system.  If it 
>could be achieved it would have happened by now.
>
>I am completely unconcerned with objections.  As I said before, I not 
>designing a system to win a 'popularity' contest.  I am concerned with 
>only one thing, complete effectiveness.  Nothing else.
>
>I looked at the systems you from the links you provided.  They can all be 
>bypassed without too much effort.
>
>It will not be an alternative, the system will not be active until the 
>patner companies are ready.  Then it will become exclusive.
>
>I read mike's proposal, its slightly different from my system.  You will 
>understand this within the next hour or so.
>
>Mark McCarron.
>
>
>
>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 13:54:33 -0400
>>
>>At 05:06 PM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>
>>>Thankyou for your reply.  I have not been posting this conversation to 
>>>the group.  You can if you wish, you have my full permission to do so.
>>>
>>>Sorry, I wasn't refering to you personally about selling anti-span 
>>>solutions, that was just a general comment.  'The Ultimate Spam System' 
>>>may be too hard to handle, but that is an accurate description of the system.
>>
>>There are numerous other proposals that seek to change the underlying 
>>infrastructure - YOU ARE NOT ALONE. Example of this would be Walter 
>>Dnes's proposal, another example would the AMDP protocol 
>>(http://www.amdpmail.com/), MTP protocol 
>>(http://www.danisch.de/tmp/draft_mtp.txt), etc. Also take a look at this 
>>list message 
>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00882.html) 
>>that lists objection to new systems.
>>
>>>Also, as you learn within the next few hours, the system will be near 
>>>impossible to hack based upon its architecture.  I have complete the 
>>>overview today, and it will be released in the next coming hours to the 
>>>mailing group.
>>>
>>>I feel that change to the architecture is the magic bullet solution.  I 
>>>am not claiming this will be easy, but it is certainly far from impossible.
>>
>>We know as a group that changing the architecture will significantly 
>>reduce the spam problem. However, moving over and implementing such 
>>change is extremely hard as Alan DeKok and many other pointed out. Our 
>>goal is to create a cohesive framework for anti-spam solutions with 
>>short, medium and long term solutions.
>>
>>>This will not be an alternative email system that will reside along side 
>>>the current one.  It will replace it completely making it entirely redundant.
>>
>>However until it does, it will operate side by side with the regular 
>>SMTP. Thus, its alternative.
>>
>>>The US military is instigating a change to IPv6 in mid 2004 or 2006 
>>>(I'll clear that date up, the source is at Reuters, I read it a few days ago).
>>>This will have a global impact, I believe that 'GIEIS' would be 
>>>implemented at this stage also.
>>
>>IPv6 is backwards compatible with IPv4 UNLIKE your system, Walter Dnes's 
>>proposal and many others have accounted to backwards compatibility, you 
>>have not yet as seen from this quote:
>>
>>"What would happen if this system was implemented and I tried to send 
>>spam or even an email from an older server?
>>The message would not be received by those protected by 'GIEIS'."
>>
>>>Also, my system would inform users when a limit was reached.  Users 
>>>would know if they sent this volume of email and the system would have 
>>>information of those who suspect their machine was infected or hacked.
>>
>>This idea has been proposed before by Mike Rubel 
>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg04616.html).
>>
>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>
>>>
>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>>>>Subject: [offlist] Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 12:29:09 -0400
>>>>
>>>>The consent framework is not a specific solution - its a framework. 
>>>>Various anti-spam tools and proposals including yours will fit into 
>>>>this framework. It is more of a bird-eye view of all anti-spam solutions.
>>>>
>>>>As for your specific proposal, first of all my company does not write 
>>>>or distribute anti-spam software so I do not have "financial 
>>>>considerations" here. I also do not like the name calling between 
>>>>different group members - it causes a feeling of discord. Additionally, 
>>>>calling your system "the ultimate anti spam system" is a bit too much 
>>>>for most members to handle. I would like to see everyone to stay away 
>>>>from name calling while keeping in mind that this is a technical list.
>>>>
>>>>As for the technical considerations of your proposal, what you are 
>>>>proposing essentially is an alternative email system along side of the 
>>>>current one. This is similar to the system being proposed by Walter 
>>>>Dnes except that his system does not rely on cryptographic methods (see 
>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05683.html). 
>>>>The problem with this system is three fold - one is the fact that 
>>>>everyone has to change in order to use it which is also a problem with 
>>>>Walter's proposal. The second problem is privacy - what you are 
>>>>essentially proposing is that every single email message will have a 
>>>>tracking number that can be traced to the sender. This creates 
>>>>potential for abuse. Third, inter-operability with existing email is a 
>>>>big problem as well since no one would want to use an alternative 
>>>>system unless many people will switch over to it and many people will 
>>>>not switch to it until others use it. If you look through the mailing 
>>>>list archive somewhere there is a list of requirements by Eric 
>>>>Williams. I asked him to email me the most recent copy which I will 
>>>>forward to you. Among those requirements, deployment and 
>>>>inter-operability rank pretty high up.
>>>>
>>>>It is obvious that creating an alternative email system will cut down 
>>>>on spam since its the open nature of the Net that causes it. But as I 
>>>>mentioned before, cell phone companies build their SMS systems based on 
>>>>email (at least in US) and SMTP, so you can see how pervasive existing 
>>>>standards are. Additionally, as Barry Shain has mentioned many times 
>>>>before, much of spam is being sent via hacked computers. Even with your 
>>>>rate limits in place, spammers can probably be able to coordinate many 
>>>>hacked computers to send spam from legit GEIS/EAS senders.
>>>>
>>>>Among the various discussions over the last few months, many of the 
>>>>group members have reached a conclusion that there is not magic silver 
>>>>bullet that will stop spam overnight. Rather, a combination of various 
>>>>solutions and proposals will start cutting into the spam flow until it stops.
>>>>
>>>>Yakov
>>>>
>>>>P.S. I am replying to you off-list since the message that you sent me 
>>>>was not CCed to the group list. Please let me know if this is correct 
>>>>because I would rather have discussions in public so we can get 
>>>>comments from other people.
>>>>
>>>>At 03:23 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>Paul is an excellent poster, he has the subject matter clearly defined.
>>>>>I see he has broken the issue down to two major catagories, local and 
>>>>>global.
>>>>>The consent system is going to be difficult to implement, I haven't 
>>>>>seen anything that actually deals with issue of how to prevent sending spam.
>>>>>The 'GIEIS' system would be on the middle ground in terms of consent 
>>>>>and its application would be global.  It forces the erasure/stoppage 
>>>>>of all fraudulent email but also allows the end-user the whitelist options.
>>>>>
>>>>>There has been a lot of confusion on the system and I have been 
>>>>>compiling all the postings in one file so that I can clearly address 
>>>>>all concerns.
>>>>>Also, there seems to be quite a bit of opposition to the idea of a 
>>>>>centralised angency and a lot of paranoid responses to it.  The more I 
>>>>>post on the subject, and the clearer the system has become, concerns 
>>>>>have dwindled.  The main opposition now comes from those advocating 
>>>>>'anti-spam software' and this is just to protect financial considerations.
>>>>>
>>>>>'GIEIS' is the only proposal I have ever seen that can stop all 
>>>>>fraudulent email.  Are you aware of any others?
>>>>>
>>>>>I'm am in the process of designing an Internet draft of the 
>>>>>system.  It is a major task as there is a lot to go through.  I have 
>>>>>30 pages of comments alone to address, however, all the comments have 
>>>>>a resolution within the 'GIEIS' system.  I will post a complete 
>>>>>accurate proposal of the system in the next few days once I have 
>>>>>compiled all the information together.  It will refer to both local, 
>>>>>global, consent and forced issues.
>>>>>
>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" 
>>>>>><markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,research@solidmatrix.com
>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:52:34 -0400
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Take a look at today's message from the chair, Paul Judge, on this 
>>>>>>subject 
>>>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05968.html). 
>>>>>>The consent framework that we are discussing is not limited to 
>>>>>>end-users only. The generic proposal that I put forth concentrated 
>>>>>>specifically on the end-user and this is probably what is throwing you off.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>
>>>>>>At 02:46 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>This I understand very well.  What I am asking is, have you been 
>>>>>>>able to overcome any of the limitations I mentioned?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:41:54 -0400
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>First of all take a look a the group's charter 
>>>>>>>>(http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html). As the charter states we 
>>>>>>>>are seeking to define an overall consent framework and fit in all 
>>>>>>>>the different spam proposals into it. The proposal below was put 
>>>>>>>>forth to solicit opinions and ideas from people on consent in 
>>>>>>>>general and the consent framework in particular.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>At 01:20 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Yakov,
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the 
>>>>>>>>>current one employed by Hotmail.  It is not effective in 
>>>>>>>>>eliminating spam, the end user still recieves it and has to deal 
>>>>>>>>>with it.  Also, it does not address the main issue about spam and 
>>>>>>>>>that is the roughly 30% band-width absorbed across the Internet by 
>>>>>>>>>it.  All this seems to do is sort it at the recieving end.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>I also read something about a confirmation being sent back from 
>>>>>>>>>the server, this is just an adaptation of challange response.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>It also does not address the issue of spammer's who use their own 
>>>>>>>>>mail servers.
>>>>>>>>>Can you clear any of these problems up?
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > -----Original Message-----
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
>>>>>>>>>> > > consent-based system
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > as per
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > charter:
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
>>>>>>>>>>filter incoming=20
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
>>>>>>>>>> > > and are not
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > mandated.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
>>>>>>>>>>from banning=20
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > whitelist of trusted
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > unknown senders.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > the bulk folder,
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email addresses
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > of trusted senders,
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > such as digital
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email from
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > inbox unless
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > receiving a
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email coming
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored hashed or
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > encrypted to
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > protect privacy.
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Any thoughts?
>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Yakov
>>>
>>>_________________________________________________________________
>>>It's fast, it's easy and it's free. Get MSN Messenger today! 
>>>http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger
>
>_________________________________________________________________
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To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>, asrg@ietf.org,
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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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>>From: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 18:21:09 +0000
>>
>>The 'GIEIS' system is not designed to be backwards compatible.  There is 
>>no possible way for any solution to arise using the current system.  If 
>>it could be achieved it would have happened by now.
>>
>>I am completely unconcerned with objections.  As I said before, I not 
>>designing a system to win a 'popularity' contest.  I am concerned with 
>>only one thing, complete effectiveness.  Nothing else.

Then why are you participating in the group? If you are not here to ask for 
our opinions, why waste our time and effort on this? This group is intended 
for people to discuss the spam issue and get opinions, comments, and 
objections, so the kinks in different proposals can be worked out before 
they are implemented.

>>I looked at the systems you from the links you provided.  They can all be 
>>bypassed without too much effort.
>>
>>It will not be an alternative, the system will not be active until the 
>>patner companies are ready.  Then it will become exclusive.

Can you name a few partners?

>>I read mike's proposal, its slightly different from my system.  You will 
>>understand this within the next hour or so.
>>
>>Mark McCarron.
>>
>>
>>
>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 13:54:33 -0400
>>>
>>>At 05:06 PM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>
>>>>Thankyou for your reply.  I have not been posting this conversation to 
>>>>the group.  You can if you wish, you have my full permission to do so.
>>>>
>>>>Sorry, I wasn't refering to you personally about selling anti-span 
>>>>solutions, that was just a general comment.  'The Ultimate Spam System' 
>>>>may be too hard to handle, but that is an accurate description of the system.
>>>
>>>There are numerous other proposals that seek to change the underlying 
>>>infrastructure - YOU ARE NOT ALONE. Example of this would be Walter 
>>>Dnes's proposal, another example would the AMDP protocol 
>>>(http://www.amdpmail.com/), MTP protocol 
>>>(http://www.danisch.de/tmp/draft_mtp.txt), etc. Also take a look at this 
>>>list message 
>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00882.html) 
>>>that lists objection to new systems.
>>>
>>>>Also, as you learn within the next few hours, the system will be near 
>>>>impossible to hack based upon its architecture.  I have complete the 
>>>>overview today, and it will be released in the next coming hours to the 
>>>>mailing group.
>>>>
>>>>I feel that change to the architecture is the magic bullet solution.  I 
>>>>am not claiming this will be easy, but it is certainly far from impossible.
>>>
>>>We know as a group that changing the architecture will significantly 
>>>reduce the spam problem. However, moving over and implementing such 
>>>change is extremely hard as Alan DeKok and many other pointed out. Our 
>>>goal is to create a cohesive framework for anti-spam solutions with 
>>>short, medium and long term solutions.
>>>
>>>>This will not be an alternative email system that will reside along 
>>>>side the current one.  It will replace it completely making it entirely 
>>>>redundant.
>>>
>>>However until it does, it will operate side by side with the regular 
>>>SMTP. Thus, its alternative.
>>>
>>>>The US military is instigating a change to IPv6 in mid 2004 or 2006 
>>>>(I'll clear that date up, the source is at Reuters, I read it a few days ago).
>>>>This will have a global impact, I believe that 'GIEIS' would be 
>>>>implemented at this stage also.
>>>
>>>IPv6 is backwards compatible with IPv4 UNLIKE your system, Walter Dnes's 
>>>proposal and many others have accounted to backwards compatibility, you 
>>>have not yet as seen from this quote:
>>>
>>>"What would happen if this system was implemented and I tried to send 
>>>spam or even an email from an older server?
>>>The message would not be received by those protected by 'GIEIS'."
>>>
>>>>Also, my system would inform users when a limit was reached.  Users 
>>>>would know if they sent this volume of email and the system would have 
>>>>information of those who suspect their machine was infected or hacked.
>>>
>>>This idea has been proposed before by Mike Rubel 
>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg04616.html).
>>>
>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>>>>>Subject: [offlist] Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 12:29:09 -0400
>>>>>
>>>>>The consent framework is not a specific solution - its a framework. 
>>>>>Various anti-spam tools and proposals including yours will fit into 
>>>>>this framework. It is more of a bird-eye view of all anti-spam solutions.
>>>>>
>>>>>As for your specific proposal, first of all my company does not write 
>>>>>or distribute anti-spam software so I do not have "financial 
>>>>>considerations" here. I also do not like the name calling between 
>>>>>different group members - it causes a feeling of discord. 
>>>>>Additionally, calling your system "the ultimate anti spam system" is a 
>>>>>bit too much for most members to handle. I would like to see everyone 
>>>>>to stay away from name calling while keeping in mind that this is a 
>>>>>technical list.
>>>>>
>>>>>As for the technical considerations of your proposal, what you are 
>>>>>proposing essentially is an alternative email system along side of the 
>>>>>current one. This is similar to the system being proposed by Walter 
>>>>>Dnes except that his system does not rely on cryptographic methods 
>>>>>(see 
>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05683.html). 
>>>>>The problem with this system is three fold - one is the fact that 
>>>>>everyone has to change in order to use it which is also a problem with 
>>>>>Walter's proposal. The second problem is privacy - what you are 
>>>>>essentially proposing is that every single email message will have a 
>>>>>tracking number that can be traced to the sender. This creates 
>>>>>potential for abuse. Third, inter-operability with existing email is a 
>>>>>big problem as well since no one would want to use an alternative 
>>>>>system unless many people will switch over to it and many people will 
>>>>>not switch to it until others use it. If you look through the mailing 
>>>>>list archive somewhere there is a list of requirements by Eric 
>>>>>Williams. I asked him to email me the most recent copy which I will 
>>>>>forward to you. Among those requirements, deployment and 
>>>>>inter-operability rank pretty high up.
>>>>>
>>>>>It is obvious that creating an alternative email system will cut down 
>>>>>on spam since its the open nature of the Net that causes it. But as I 
>>>>>mentioned before, cell phone companies build their SMS systems based 
>>>>>on email (at least in US) and SMTP, so you can see how pervasive 
>>>>>existing standards are. Additionally, as Barry Shain has mentioned 
>>>>>many times before, much of spam is being sent via hacked computers. 
>>>>>Even with your rate limits in place, spammers can probably be able to 
>>>>>coordinate many hacked computers to send spam from legit GEIS/EAS senders.
>>>>>
>>>>>Among the various discussions over the last few months, many of the 
>>>>>group members have reached a conclusion that there is not magic silver 
>>>>>bullet that will stop spam overnight. Rather, a combination of various 
>>>>>solutions and proposals will start cutting into the spam flow until it stops.
>>>>>
>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>
>>>>>P.S. I am replying to you off-list since the message that you sent me 
>>>>>was not CCed to the group list. Please let me know if this is correct 
>>>>>because I would rather have discussions in public so we can get 
>>>>>comments from other people.
>>>>>
>>>>>At 03:23 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>>Paul is an excellent poster, he has the subject matter clearly defined.
>>>>>>I see he has broken the issue down to two major catagories, local and 
>>>>>>global.
>>>>>>The consent system is going to be difficult to implement, I haven't 
>>>>>>seen anything that actually deals with issue of how to prevent sending spam.
>>>>>>The 'GIEIS' system would be on the middle ground in terms of consent 
>>>>>>and its application would be global.  It forces the erasure/stoppage 
>>>>>>of all fraudulent email but also allows the end-user the whitelist options.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>There has been a lot of confusion on the system and I have been 
>>>>>>compiling all the postings in one file so that I can clearly address 
>>>>>>all concerns.
>>>>>>Also, there seems to be quite a bit of opposition to the idea of a 
>>>>>>centralised angency and a lot of paranoid responses to it.  The more 
>>>>>>I post on the subject, and the clearer the system has become, 
>>>>>>concerns have dwindled.  The main opposition now comes from those 
>>>>>>advocating 'anti-spam software' and this is just to protect financial 
>>>>>>considerations.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>'GIEIS' is the only proposal I have ever seen that can stop all 
>>>>>>fraudulent email.  Are you aware of any others?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>I'm am in the process of designing an Internet draft of the 
>>>>>>system.  It is a major task as there is a lot to go through.  I have 
>>>>>>30 pages of comments alone to address, however, all the comments have 
>>>>>>a resolution within the 'GIEIS' system.  I will post a complete 
>>>>>>accurate proposal of the system in the next few days once I have 
>>>>>>compiled all the information together.  It will refer to both local, 
>>>>>>global, consent and forced issues.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" 
>>>>>>><markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,research@solidmatrix.com
>>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:52:34 -0400
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Take a look at today's message from the chair, Paul Judge, on this 
>>>>>>>subject 
>>>>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05968.html). 
>>>>>>>The consent framework that we are discussing is not limited to 
>>>>>>>end-users only. The generic proposal that I put forth concentrated 
>>>>>>>specifically on the end-user and this is probably what is throwing you off.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>At 02:46 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>This I understand very well.  What I am asking is, have you been 
>>>>>>>>able to overcome any of the limitations I mentioned?
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:41:54 -0400
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>First of all take a look a the group's charter 
>>>>>>>>>(http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html). As the charter states we 
>>>>>>>>>are seeking to define an overall consent framework and fit in all 
>>>>>>>>>the different spam proposals into it. The proposal below was put 
>>>>>>>>>forth to solicit opinions and ideas from people on consent in 
>>>>>>>>>general and the consent framework in particular.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>At 01:20 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>Yakov,
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the 
>>>>>>>>>>current one employed by Hotmail.  It is not effective in 
>>>>>>>>>>eliminating spam, the end user still recieves it and has to deal 
>>>>>>>>>>with it.  Also, it does not address the main issue about spam and 
>>>>>>>>>>that is the roughly 30% band-width absorbed across the Internet 
>>>>>>>>>>by it.  All this seems to do is sort it at the recieving end.
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>I also read something about a confirmation being sent back from 
>>>>>>>>>>the server, this is just an adaptation of challange response.
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>It also does not address the issue of spammer's who use their own 
>>>>>>>>>>mail servers.
>>>>>>>>>>Can you clear any of these problems up?
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > -----Original Message-----
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
>>>>>>>>>>> > > consent-based system
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > as per
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > charter:
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
>>>>>>>>>>>filter incoming=20
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
>>>>>>>>>>> > > and are not
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > mandated.
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
>>>>>>>>>>>from banning=20
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > whitelist of trusted
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > unknown senders.
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > the bulk folder,
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email 
>>>>>>>>>>> addresses
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > of trusted senders,
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > such as digital
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as such
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email from
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > inbox unless
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > receiving a
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined such as
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email coming
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored 
>>>>>>>>>>> hashed or
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > encrypted to
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > protect privacy.
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Any thoughts?
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Yakov
>>>>
>>>>_________________________________________________________________
>>>>It's fast, it's easy and it's free. Get MSN Messenger today! 
>>>>http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger
>>
>>_________________________________________________________________
>>Hotmail messages direct to your mobile phone http://www.msn.co.uk/msnmobile
>
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 14:34:37 -0400


>X-Originating-IP: [62.252.200.188]
>X-Originating-Email: [markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com]
>From: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>To: research@solidmatrix.com
>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 18:33:33 +0000
>X-OriginalArrivalTime: 30 Jun 2003 18:33:34.0102 (UTC) 
>FILETIME=[1CD52360:01C33F36]
>
>
>I believe the answer is yes.  I just used a calculator at Paul Judge's 
>website and I put in the values of 1000 employees with an average salary 
>of $15,000 and recieving 20 spam messages a day.  It calculated that it 
>would cost the business $31,250 per year.
>
>The issue is not going to come down to end-users, but business 
>losses.  Add to this the financial damage caused by virus', worm's, 
>trojans and hoax emails this cost just skyrockets per annum.  The future 
>is only set to get worse, especially with more eastern block countries 
>expanding their networks without the proper legal frameworks.
>
>Mark McCarron.
>
>
>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 14:26:28 -0400
>>
>>This raises an interesting issue for the group in general. If the current 
>>spam problem is not fixed, would there be a move to proprietary 
>>alternative email solutions such as this one?
>>
>>Yakov
>>
>>At 06:21 PM 6/30/2003 +0000, you wrote:
>>
>>
>>>The 'GIEIS' system is not designed to be backwards compatible.  There is 
>>>no possible way for any solution to arise using the current system.  If 
>>>it could be achieved it would have happened by now.
>>>
>>>I am completely unconcerned with objections.  As I said before, I not 
>>>designing a system to win a 'popularity' contest.  I am concerned with 
>>>only one thing, complete effectiveness.  Nothing else.
>>>
>>>I looked at the systems you from the links you provided.  They can all 
>>>be bypassed without too much effort.
>>>
>>>It will not be an alternative, the system will not be active until the 
>>>patner companies are ready.  Then it will become exclusive.
>>>
>>>I read mike's proposal, its slightly different from my system.  You will 
>>>understand this within the next hour or so.
>>>
>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 13:54:33 -0400
>>>>
>>>>At 05:06 PM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>Thankyou for your reply.  I have not been posting this conversation to 
>>>>>the group.  You can if you wish, you have my full permission to do so.
>>>>>
>>>>>Sorry, I wasn't refering to you personally about selling anti-span 
>>>>>solutions, that was just a general comment.  'The Ultimate Spam 
>>>>>System' may be too hard to handle, but that is an accurate description 
>>>>>of the system.
>>>>
>>>>There are numerous other proposals that seek to change the underlying 
>>>>infrastructure - YOU ARE NOT ALONE. Example of this would be Walter 
>>>>Dnes's proposal, another example would the AMDP protocol 
>>>>(http://www.amdpmail.com/), MTP protocol 
>>>>(http://www.danisch.de/tmp/draft_mtp.txt), etc. Also take a look at 
>>>>this list message 
>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00882.html) 
>>>>that lists objection to new systems.
>>>>
>>>>>Also, as you learn within the next few hours, the system will be near 
>>>>>impossible to hack based upon its architecture.  I have complete the 
>>>>>overview today, and it will be released in the next coming hours to 
>>>>>the mailing group.
>>>>>
>>>>>I feel that change to the architecture is the magic bullet 
>>>>>solution.  I am not claiming this will be easy, but it is certainly 
>>>>>far from impossible.
>>>>
>>>>We know as a group that changing the architecture will significantly 
>>>>reduce the spam problem. However, moving over and implementing such 
>>>>change is extremely hard as Alan DeKok and many other pointed out. Our 
>>>>goal is to create a cohesive framework for anti-spam solutions with 
>>>>short, medium and long term solutions.
>>>>
>>>>>This will not be an alternative email system that will reside along 
>>>>>side the current one.  It will replace it completely making it 
>>>>>entirely redundant.
>>>>
>>>>However until it does, it will operate side by side with the regular 
>>>>SMTP. Thus, its alternative.
>>>>
>>>>>The US military is instigating a change to IPv6 in mid 2004 or 2006 
>>>>>(I'll clear that date up, the source is at Reuters, I read it a few days ago).
>>>>>This will have a global impact, I believe that 'GIEIS' would be 
>>>>>implemented at this stage also.
>>>>
>>>>IPv6 is backwards compatible with IPv4 UNLIKE your system, Walter 
>>>>Dnes's proposal and many others have accounted to backwards 
>>>>compatibility, you have not yet as seen from this quote:
>>>>
>>>>"What would happen if this system was implemented and I tried to send 
>>>>spam or even an email from an older server?
>>>>The message would not be received by those protected by 'GIEIS'."
>>>>
>>>>>Also, my system would inform users when a limit was reached.  Users 
>>>>>would know if they sent this volume of email and the system would have 
>>>>>information of those who suspect their machine was infected or hacked.
>>>>
>>>>This idea has been proposed before by Mike Rubel 
>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg04616.html).
>>>>
>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>>>>>>Subject: [offlist] Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 12:29:09 -0400
>>>>>>
>>>>>>The consent framework is not a specific solution - its a framework. 
>>>>>>Various anti-spam tools and proposals including yours will fit into 
>>>>>>this framework. It is more of a bird-eye view of all anti-spam solutions.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>As for your specific proposal, first of all my company does not write 
>>>>>>or distribute anti-spam software so I do not have "financial 
>>>>>>considerations" here. I also do not like the name calling between 
>>>>>>different group members - it causes a feeling of discord. 
>>>>>>Additionally, calling your system "the ultimate anti spam system" is 
>>>>>>a bit too much for most members to handle. I would like to see 
>>>>>>everyone to stay away from name calling while keeping in mind that 
>>>>>>this is a technical list.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>As for the technical considerations of your proposal, what you are 
>>>>>>proposing essentially is an alternative email system along side of 
>>>>>>the current one. This is similar to the system being proposed by 
>>>>>>Walter Dnes except that his system does not rely on cryptographic 
>>>>>>methods (see 
>>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05683.html). 
>>>>>>The problem with this system is three fold - one is the fact that 
>>>>>>everyone has to change in order to use it which is also a problem 
>>>>>>with Walter's proposal. The second problem is privacy - what you are 
>>>>>>essentially proposing is that every single email message will have a 
>>>>>>tracking number that can be traced to the sender. This creates 
>>>>>>potential for abuse. Third, inter-operability with existing email is 
>>>>>>a big problem as well since no one would want to use an alternative 
>>>>>>system unless many people will switch over to it and many people will 
>>>>>>not switch to it until others use it. If you look through the mailing 
>>>>>>list archive somewhere there is a list of requirements by Eric 
>>>>>>Williams. I asked him to email me the most recent copy which I will 
>>>>>>forward to you. Among those requirements, deployment and 
>>>>>>inter-operability rank pretty high up.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>It is obvious that creating an alternative email system will cut down 
>>>>>>on spam since its the open nature of the Net that causes it. But as I 
>>>>>>mentioned before, cell phone companies build their SMS systems based 
>>>>>>on email (at least in US) and SMTP, so you can see how pervasive 
>>>>>>existing standards are. Additionally, as Barry Shain has mentioned 
>>>>>>many times before, much of spam is being sent via hacked computers. 
>>>>>>Even with your rate limits in place, spammers can probably be able to 
>>>>>>coordinate many hacked computers to send spam from legit GEIS/EAS senders.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Among the various discussions over the last few months, many of the 
>>>>>>group members have reached a conclusion that there is not magic 
>>>>>>silver bullet that will stop spam overnight. Rather, a combination of 
>>>>>>various solutions and proposals will start cutting into the spam flow 
>>>>>>until it stops.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>
>>>>>>P.S. I am replying to you off-list since the message that you sent me 
>>>>>>was not CCed to the group list. Please let me know if this is correct 
>>>>>>because I would rather have discussions in public so we can get 
>>>>>>comments from other people.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>At 03:23 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Paul is an excellent poster, he has the subject matter clearly defined.
>>>>>>>I see he has broken the issue down to two major catagories, local 
>>>>>>>and global.
>>>>>>>The consent system is going to be difficult to implement, I haven't 
>>>>>>>seen anything that actually deals with issue of how to prevent sending spam.
>>>>>>>The 'GIEIS' system would be on the middle ground in terms of consent 
>>>>>>>and its application would be global.  It forces the erasure/stoppage 
>>>>>>>of all fraudulent email but also allows the end-user the whitelist options.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>There has been a lot of confusion on the system and I have been 
>>>>>>>compiling all the postings in one file so that I can clearly address 
>>>>>>>all concerns.
>>>>>>>Also, there seems to be quite a bit of opposition to the idea of a 
>>>>>>>centralised angency and a lot of paranoid responses to it.  The more 
>>>>>>>I post on the subject, and the clearer the system has become, 
>>>>>>>concerns have dwindled.  The main opposition now comes from those 
>>>>>>>advocating 'anti-spam software' and this is just to protect 
>>>>>>>financial considerations.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>'GIEIS' is the only proposal I have ever seen that can stop all 
>>>>>>>fraudulent email.  Are you aware of any others?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>I'm am in the process of designing an Internet draft of the system.
>>>>>>>It is a major task as there is a lot to go through.  I have 30 pages 
>>>>>>>of comments alone to address, however, all the comments have a 
>>>>>>>resolution within the 'GIEIS' system.  I will post a complete 
>>>>>>>accurate proposal of the system in the next few days once I have 
>>>>>>>compiled all the information together.  It will refer to both local, 
>>>>>>>global, consent and forced issues.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" 
>>>>>>>><markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,research@solidmatrix.com
>>>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:52:34 -0400
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Take a look at today's message from the chair, Paul Judge, on this 
>>>>>>>>subject 
>>>>>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05968.html). 
>>>>>>>>The consent framework that we are discussing is not limited to 
>>>>>>>>end-users only. The generic proposal that I put forth concentrated 
>>>>>>>>specifically on the end-user and this is probably what is throwing you off.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>At 02:46 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>This I understand very well.  What I am asking is, have you been 
>>>>>>>>>able to overcome any of the limitations I mentioned?
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:41:54 -0400
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>First of all take a look a the group's charter 
>>>>>>>>>>(http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html). As the charter states 
>>>>>>>>>>we are seeking to define an overall consent framework and fit in 
>>>>>>>>>>all the different spam proposals into it. The proposal below was 
>>>>>>>>>>put forth to solicit opinions and ideas from people on consent in 
>>>>>>>>>>general and the consent framework in particular.
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>At 01:20 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>Yakov,
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the 
>>>>>>>>>>>current one employed by Hotmail.  It is not effective in 
>>>>>>>>>>>eliminating spam, the end user still recieves it and has to deal 
>>>>>>>>>>>with it.  Also, it does not address the main issue about spam 
>>>>>>>>>>>and that is the roughly 30% band-width absorbed across the 
>>>>>>>>>>>Internet by it.  All this seems to do is sort it at the recieving end.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>I also read something about a confirmation being sent back from 
>>>>>>>>>>>the server, this is just an adaptation of challange response.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>It also does not address the issue of spammer's who use their 
>>>>>>>>>>>own mail servers.
>>>>>>>>>>>Can you clear any of these problems up?
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > -----Original Message-----
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > consent-based system
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > as per
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > charter:
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
>>>>>>>>>>>>filter incoming=20
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > and are not
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > mandated.
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
>>>>>>>>>>>>from banning=20
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > whitelist of trusted
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > unknown senders.
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders go to
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > the bulk folder,
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email 
>>>>>>>>>>>> addresses
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > of trusted senders,
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional features
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > such as digital
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined as 
>>>>>>>>>>>> such
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email from
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes to the
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > inbox unless
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and upon
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > receiving a
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined 
>>>>>>>>>>>> such as
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email coming
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored 
>>>>>>>>>>>> hashed or
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > encrypted to
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > protect privacy.
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Any thoughts?
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Yakov
>>>>>
>>>>>_________________________________________________________________
>>>>>It's fast, it's easy and it's free. Get MSN Messenger today! 
>>>>>http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger
>>>
>>>_________________________________________________________________
>>>Hotmail messages direct to your mobile phone http://www.msn.co.uk/msnmobile
>
>_________________________________________________________________
>It's fast, it's easy and it's free. Get MSN Messenger today! 
>http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger


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Subject: [Asrg] 'GIEIS' - The Extended Overview Released
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GIEIS - Global ISP Email Identity System - The Ultimate Anti-Spam System
a.k.a. - The Digital Reaper

Copyright, including intellectual copyright, Mark McCarron 2003.


Introduction

'GIEIS' has a global range in its application and is a hybrid consent/for=
ce=20
model for prevention of fraudulent email.  'GIEIS' deals with both sender=
=20
and recipient and acts as a 'gate-keeper' to the networks under its=20
protection.  'GIEIS' is not just a method of eliminating spam but also,=20
virus transmission, worm transmission, trojan transmission, chain-mail,=20
email hoaxes and all non-compliant mail.  The 'GIEIS' system is designed =
in=20
such a manner that bypassing the system is impossible.


Architecture Overview

'GIEIS' is a new architecture for email.  It extends the SMTP protocol=20
currently in use and requires the establishment of a centralised structur=
e=20
for email verification.  'GIEIS' utilises the common point in all email=20
transmission from any source, the ISP.  The proposed system will route al=
l=20
email from an ISP's customer base through a special server known as an=20
'Email Authentication Server' (EAS).  At this point, special encrypted co=
des=20
are appended to the header that identify the account, the 'EAS' server, a=
nd=20
the  ISP from which the email was sent.  A random encrypted ID code is al=
so=20
appended and these details are stored to the 'EAS''s database.  From here=
,=20
the email is then distributed to the recipients 'EAS'.  The recipient's=20
'EAS' then contacts the 'GIEIS' central servers and 'GIEIS' confirms the=20
special encrypted codes held in the header of the email.  'GIEIS' achieve=
s=20
this by communicating with the sender's 'EAS', confirming the database en=
try=20
against codes received, deleting the database entry (or marking confirmed=
),=20
and relaying the results via encrypted transmission to the recipient's=20
'EAS'.  This will result in one of two possible actions; either the email=
 is=20
sent to the recipient's email inbox or is deleted.


Encryption

This would most likely be a modified form of OpenPGP.  It would be based =
on=20
a combination of ciphers rather than just one.  Ciphers being considered =
are=20
TripleDES, CAST and Twofish.  RSA encryption has been deemed to weak for=20
this purpose.  Codes and encryption passphrases will be changed frequentl=
y=20
automatically.  Updates to 'EAS' will also be automated.


Abuse of Domestic Accounts

To prevent such abuses of these accounts several measures will be put in=20
place.  A limit on the amount of recipient's will be imposed per email, a=
ny=20
email which exceeds the limit will be automatically spanned as separate=20
emails by the clients software.  The 'EAS' will refuse any non-compliant=20
email.  A limit will be imposed on the amount of emails that may be sent=20
daily from any account.

There are currently several proposals to limit the rate at which emails c=
an=20
be sent.  The first proposal is to have the sender validate each email by=
=20
entering text based on a downloaded graphic.  This suggestion has=20
limitations in respect to the visually impaired and blind members of the=20
Internet.  This could be replaced by a simple puzzle, such as a question,=
=20
for example how many days are there in a week?  This would be very diffic=
ult=20
to automate.

A second proposal, that may include the first proposal, is that a delay o=
f 5=20
to 10 seconds be imposed for each email sent.  The 'EAS' would control th=
e=20
rate, not the client software.

The third proposal, which we believe to be the most acceptable, is an=20
incrementing delay based on the volume of emails sent.  Every 3 emails=20
queued would result in an additional one second delay added.  For example=
,=20
if 33 emails were queued, the first batch of 3 would be sent and a then=20
pause of one second.  The next 3 emails would then be sent and a pause of=
 2=20
seconds would occur.  By the time we get to 30 emails there would be a 10=
=20
second delay before the next batch of 3 emails were sent.  As you can see=
=20
this delay would continue to grow in respect to the amount of emails queu=
ed.=20
  This would force spammers to have a large amount of accounts and the=20
machines to connect to them.  The time of opening new accounts manually a=
nd=20
the cost (machines and time) would be prohibitive.


Business Accounts

There has been some concern over how 'GIEIS' will handle business email a=
nd=20
large volume traffic.  All businesses will have to register with their IS=
P=20
and provide company registration details.  These details are then passed =
to=20
the 'GIEIS' centre where a business code will be issued.  The business'=20
email will then be routed through the ISP's 'EAS'.  The process of sendin=
g=20
bulk email will be transparent.  The software will compile a list of doma=
ins=20
that it will require access bulk access to and the amount of emails to be=
=20
sent.  This list will be transmitted to the ISP's 'EAS'.  The ISP's 'EAS'=
=20
will then contact the 'GIEIS' central servers transmitting the encrypted=20
business code and the list of domains. 'GIEIS' will then contact the doma=
ins=20
on the list an authorize a bulk reception from the transmitting domain an=
d=20
the amount of emails to be received, again via encrypted message. 'GIEIS'=
=20
waits until it receives an acknowledgement from each domain and then=20
transmits a ready signal to the ISP's 'EAS' (may also include a list of d=
own=20
servers).  The ISP's 'EAS' then contacts the business' email software and=
=20
requests a begin of transmission.  Any errors are relayed back to the=20
business.


Mailing Lists and Discussion Groups

Mailing lists must contact 'GIEIS' directly for setup and must be associa=
ted=20
with a bonafide website domain.  This domain will be checked by 'GIEIS'=20
representative and the hosting company contacted for further information.=
  A=20
credit card will be required and a $1 (=A31, 1 euro) charge will be made =
to=20
it.  The card details must match those to which the domain is registered.=
 =20
Also, a mailing address and telephone contact information would be requir=
ed.=20
  They will receive a written copy of the 'Terms of Service' which they m=
ust=20
sign and send back to 'GIEIS'.  Upon reception 'GIEIS' will implement the=
=20
account with their ISP.

The emails then sent by the mailing list will be analyzed by heuristics. =
=20
Each message will also be parsed for HTML code, such as IMAGE tags and jp=
g,=20
bmp images.  As the majority of mailing systems use either ASCII or UNICO=
DE=20
text only, spam can be detected, blocked and the offender's credit card=20
billed with a fine, or the offender prosecuted.  Heuristic analysis will =
not=20
be a permanent feature, it will most likely be a feature that will only b=
e=20
in place for the first 6 months of any new mailing list request.  On=20
successful completion of this 6 month 'trial period', the account will be=
=20
deemed 'secure', heuristics will be stopped and the system will then use=20
end-user reports only.

Technically, the account will operate in a similar manner to business=20
accounts and allow for bulk transmission.


Virus/Worm/Trojan Protection

As 'GIEIS' can trace email sending directly to account level.  Any form o=
f=20
attack launched on remote machines can be minimised and the perpetrator=20
tracked immediately.  Each 'EAS' system will have built-in anti-virus=20
scanning software that will scan all outbound email attachments.  Any=20
infected file will be bounced back to sending system with information of =
the=20
virus.  This will prevent spread of 'address book' virus' that have becom=
e=20
common place within the last few years.  The senders 'EAS' will inform th=
e=20
user when their daily limit has been reached, it will also inform them th=
at=20
if they have not sent this volume that their machine may be infected or h=
ave=20
been hacked.  There will be information on to take steps to resolve the=20
problem.

A further extension, under consideration, is the flagging of executable=20
attachments and their spread.  This would assist in rapidly identifying n=
ew=20
virus'/worms/trojans and 'GIEIS', upon confirmation of a new infection,=20
would be able to seal those accounts until updated anti-virus patterns we=
re=20
installed to all 'EAS's.

A further suggestion, is linking a reporting service from 'GIEIS' directl=
y=20
to the computer fraud departments of Police forces globally.  This would=20
assist in taking immediate action against offenders.


Period of Introduction

Until a sufficient amount of ISPs are 'GIEIS Compliant' the 'GIEIS' syste=
m=20
will be in a test mode.  This will most likely be a period of 6 months, t=
o 1=20
year.  A specific date will be chosen from when the system will become fu=
lly=20
operational.  After that date, only 'GIEIS' compliant systems would be ab=
le=20
to send email to those domains protected under 'GIEIS'.  This would force=
 a=20
global update, or many would find their customer base rapidly shrinking.

In order to speed the process.  'GIEIS' would be setup in partnership wit=
h=20
the world's largest providers of ISP and email services.  No company coul=
d=20
afford to be excluded from their domains and adoption would become rapid.=
 =20
These companies have the legal right to take all steps necessary to prote=
ct=20
their networks and customer base.


Account and Domain Blocking

The 'GIEIS' system will have the ability to suspend email service at acco=
unt=20
level and domain level.  Any blockage will be in accordance with the 'Ter=
ms=20
of Service Agreement'.


Terms of Service Agreement, Guidelines and Dispute mechanisms

These will be determined by the members of the IRTF and IETF and conform =
to=20
International law.


Charges and Fines

Setup fees will be charged for business users.  Fines can be imposed, as =
per=20
the 'Terms of Service Agreement' and services restricted until fines are=20
paid in full.


'GIEIS' Centre's Legal Status

The 'GIEIS' centre will be a non-profit organization.  Its dispute mechan=
ism=20
and complaints procedure will be completely transparent and all disputes=20
will be posted to the centre's website.  There will be no closed door=20
policy.  The 'GIEIS' system will not be accessible by any company and wil=
l=20
be completely independent.  It will also not be a government agency of an=
y=20
form, it will be a public body.


Privacy Concerns

'GIEIS' does not and will not analyze the majority of email transmission,=
=20
unless specifically requested to do so, or when breaches of the 'Terms of=
=20
Service Agreement' have been made.  Also, government agencies already hav=
e=20
the ability, and the funding, to analyze emails on a global basis.  'GIEI=
S'=20
would not be able to compare to the supercomputers used by the NSA/CIA (U=
S)=20
and the GCHQ (UK).  'GIEIS' will have a legally binding 'privacy agreemen=
t'=20
and will never distribute, share, or sell any personal information.


Opposition to the Proposal

The opposition to this proposal falls into two main categories.  Those wh=
o=20
are paranoid about a centralised agency analyzing email transmissions, an=
d=20
software companies that are either based or have products based on=20
'anti-spam' techniques.  'GIEIS' would make these products and companies=20
completely redundant on a global basis.

Copyright, including intellectual copyright Mark McCarron, 2003.

_________________________________________________________________
It's fast, it's easy and it's free. Get MSN Messenger today!=20
http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger


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Hi Bob

>>then whitelist become _more_ expensive to maintain than 
>>blacklist because as you said above there are 'massively 
>>more non-spammer than spammer'
> 	So, yes, at the "global" level, whitelists would be larger than
> blacklists, however, at a "local", individual user leve, the whitelists
> would probably be smaller than the blacklists.

Yes agree for end user level and that's a good point.

jean



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To: "Kurt Magnusson" <kmn_asgr@hotmail.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] A simpleton's view of ASRG
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 15:00:36 -0400

At 04:22 PM 6/30/2003 -0200, Kurt Magnusson wrote:

>Mike Wild wrote:
>.........
>...............
>>capable and more intelligent members of the list with an idea of the
>>requirements/desires of administrators that cannot or will not "roll their
>>own" solution.  As a final thought we did actually consider stopping doing
>>email altogether.  Solving or, at least, reducing the spam problem to a
>>nuisance level has become a "revenge thing" for me, for better or worse.  I
>...............
>
>If the list learn to close the lid on the technicalities for some time and 
>start
>looking at the requirements and revisits the problem at hand again, the
>chance exist.
>[..]

I agree - the last few months have been spent discussing various proposals 
under the sun. It is time to start having a sense of direction in this 
group. We need to look over the charter, and start working again on the 
taxonomy, requirements, consent framework, etc.

Yakov  


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To: Mark McCarron <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
CC: asrg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Asrg] 'GIEIS' - The Extended Overview Released
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Why not just use a VPN - point to point - and I can reject any=20
connection that I don't like! This seems to not require a centralized=20
anything.

Chuck Wegrzyn


Mark McCarron wrote:

> GIEIS - Global ISP Email Identity System - The Ultimate Anti-Spam Syste=
m
> a.k.a. - The Digital Reaper
>
> Copyright, including intellectual copyright, Mark McCarron 2003.
>
>
> Introduction
>
> 'GIEIS' has a global range in its application and is a hybrid=20
> consent/force model for prevention of fraudulent email.  'GIEIS' deals=20
> with both sender and recipient and acts as a 'gate-keeper' to the=20
> networks under its protection.  'GIEIS' is not just a method of=20
> eliminating spam but also, virus transmission, worm transmission,=20
> trojan transmission, chain-mail, email hoaxes and all non-compliant=20
> mail.  The 'GIEIS' system is designed in such a manner that bypassing=20
> the system is impossible.
>
>
> Architecture Overview
>
> 'GIEIS' is a new architecture for email.  It extends the SMTP protocol=20
> currently in use and requires the establishment of a centralised=20
> structure for email verification.  'GIEIS' utilises the common point=20
> in all email transmission from any source, the ISP.  The proposed=20
> system will route all email from an ISP's customer base through a=20
> special server known as an 'Email Authentication Server' (EAS).  At=20
> this point, special encrypted codes are appended to the header that=20
> identify the account, the 'EAS' server, and the  ISP from which the=20
> email was sent.  A random encrypted ID code is also appended and these=20
> details are stored to the 'EAS''s database.  From here, the email is=20
> then distributed to the recipients 'EAS'.  The recipient's 'EAS' then=20
> contacts the 'GIEIS' central servers and 'GIEIS' confirms the special=20
> encrypted codes held in the header of the email.  'GIEIS' achieves=20
> this by communicating with the sender's 'EAS', confirming the database=20
> entry against codes received, deleting the database entry (or marking=20
> confirmed), and relaying the results via encrypted transmission to the=20
> recipient's 'EAS'.  This will result in one of two possible actions;=20
> either the email is sent to the recipient's email inbox or is deleted.
>
>
> Encryption
>
> This would most likely be a modified form of OpenPGP.  It would be=20
> based on a combination of ciphers rather than just one.  Ciphers being=20
> considered are TripleDES, CAST and Twofish.  RSA encryption has been=20
> deemed to weak for this purpose.  Codes and encryption passphrases=20
> will be changed frequently automatically.  Updates to 'EAS' will also=20
> be automated.
>
>
> Abuse of Domestic Accounts
>
> To prevent such abuses of these accounts several measures will be put=20
> in place.  A limit on the amount of recipient's will be imposed per=20
> email, any email which exceeds the limit will be automatically spanned=20
> as separate emails by the clients software.  The 'EAS' will refuse any=20
> non-compliant email.  A limit will be imposed on the amount of emails=20
> that may be sent daily from any account.
>
> There are currently several proposals to limit the rate at which=20
> emails can be sent.  The first proposal is to have the sender validate=20
> each email by entering text based on a downloaded graphic.  This=20
> suggestion has limitations in respect to the visually impaired and=20
> blind members of the Internet.  This could be replaced by a simple=20
> puzzle, such as a question, for example how many days are there in a=20
> week?  This would be very difficult to automate.
>
> A second proposal, that may include the first proposal, is that a=20
> delay of 5 to 10 seconds be imposed for each email sent.  The 'EAS'=20
> would control the rate, not the client software.
>
> The third proposal, which we believe to be the most acceptable, is an=20
> incrementing delay based on the volume of emails sent.  Every 3 emails=20
> queued would result in an additional one second delay added.  For=20
> example, if 33 emails were queued, the first batch of 3 would be sent=20
> and a then pause of one second.  The next 3 emails would then be sent=20
> and a pause of 2 seconds would occur.  By the time we get to 30 emails=20
> there would be a 10 second delay before the next batch of 3 emails=20
> were sent.  As you can see this delay would continue to grow in=20
> respect to the amount of emails queued.  This would force spammers to=20
> have a large amount of accounts and the machines to connect to them. =20
> The time of opening new accounts manually and the cost (machines and=20
> time) would be prohibitive.
>
>
> Business Accounts
>
> There has been some concern over how 'GIEIS' will handle business=20
> email and large volume traffic.  All businesses will have to register=20
> with their ISP and provide company registration details.  These=20
> details are then passed to the 'GIEIS' centre where a business code=20
> will be issued.  The business' email will then be routed through the=20
> ISP's 'EAS'.  The process of sending bulk email will be transparent. =20
> The software will compile a list of domains that it will require=20
> access bulk access to and the amount of emails to be sent.  This list=20
> will be transmitted to the ISP's 'EAS'.  The ISP's 'EAS' will then=20
> contact the 'GIEIS' central servers transmitting the encrypted=20
> business code and the list of domains. 'GIEIS' will then contact the=20
> domains on the list an authorize a bulk reception from the=20
> transmitting domain and the amount of emails to be received, again via=20
> encrypted message. 'GIEIS' waits until it receives an acknowledgement=20
> from each domain and then transmits a ready signal to the ISP's 'EAS'=20
> (may also include a list of down servers).  The ISP's 'EAS' then=20
> contacts the business' email software and requests a begin of=20
> transmission.  Any errors are relayed back to the business.
>
>
> Mailing Lists and Discussion Groups
>
> Mailing lists must contact 'GIEIS' directly for setup and must be=20
> associated with a bonafide website domain.  This domain will be=20
> checked by 'GIEIS' representative and the hosting company contacted=20
> for further information.  A credit card will be required and a $1 (=A31=
,=20
> 1 euro) charge will be made to it.  The card details must match those=20
> to which the domain is registered.  Also, a mailing address and=20
> telephone contact information would be required.  They will receive a=20
> written copy of the 'Terms of Service' which they must sign and send=20
> back to 'GIEIS'.  Upon reception 'GIEIS' will implement the account=20
> with their ISP.
>
> The emails then sent by the mailing list will be analyzed by=20
> heuristics.  Each message will also be parsed for HTML code, such as=20
> IMAGE tags and jpg, bmp images.  As the majority of mailing systems=20
> use either ASCII or UNICODE text only, spam can be detected, blocked=20
> and the offender's credit card billed with a fine, or the offender=20
> prosecuted.  Heuristic analysis will not be a permanent feature, it=20
> will most likely be a feature that will only be in place for the first=20
> 6 months of any new mailing list request.  On successful completion of=20
> this 6 month 'trial period', the account will be deemed 'secure',=20
> heuristics will be stopped and the system will then use end-user=20
> reports only.
>
> Technically, the account will operate in a similar manner to business=20
> accounts and allow for bulk transmission.
>
>
> Virus/Worm/Trojan Protection
>
> As 'GIEIS' can trace email sending directly to account level.  Any=20
> form of attack launched on remote machines can be minimised and the=20
> perpetrator tracked immediately.  Each 'EAS' system will have built-in=20
> anti-virus scanning software that will scan all outbound email=20
> attachments.  Any infected file will be bounced back to sending system=20
> with information of the virus.  This will prevent spread of 'address=20
> book' virus' that have become common place within the last few years. =20
> The senders 'EAS' will inform the user when their daily limit has been=20
> reached, it will also inform them that if they have not sent this=20
> volume that their machine may be infected or have been hacked.  There=20
> will be information on to take steps to resolve the problem.
>
> A further extension, under consideration, is the flagging of=20
> executable attachments and their spread.  This would assist in rapidly=20
> identifying new virus'/worms/trojans and 'GIEIS', upon confirmation of=20
> a new infection, would be able to seal those accounts until updated=20
> anti-virus patterns were installed to all 'EAS's.
>
> A further suggestion, is linking a reporting service from 'GIEIS'=20
> directly to the computer fraud departments of Police forces globally. =20
> This would assist in taking immediate action against offenders.
>
>
> Period of Introduction
>
> Until a sufficient amount of ISPs are 'GIEIS Compliant' the 'GIEIS'=20
> system will be in a test mode.  This will most likely be a period of 6=20
> months, to 1 year.  A specific date will be chosen from when the=20
> system will become fully operational.  After that date, only 'GIEIS'=20
> compliant systems would be able to send email to those domains=20
> protected under 'GIEIS'.  This would force a global update, or many=20
> would find their customer base rapidly shrinking.
>
> In order to speed the process.  'GIEIS' would be setup in partnership=20
> with the world's largest providers of ISP and email services.  No=20
> company could afford to be excluded from their domains and adoption=20
> would become rapid.  These companies have the legal right to take all=20
> steps necessary to protect their networks and customer base.
>
>
> Account and Domain Blocking
>
> The 'GIEIS' system will have the ability to suspend email service at=20
> account level and domain level.  Any blockage will be in accordance=20
> with the 'Terms of Service Agreement'.
>
>
> Terms of Service Agreement, Guidelines and Dispute mechanisms
>
> These will be determined by the members of the IRTF and IETF and=20
> conform to International law.
>
>
> Charges and Fines
>
> Setup fees will be charged for business users.  Fines can be imposed,=20
> as per the 'Terms of Service Agreement' and services restricted until=20
> fines are paid in full.
>
>
> 'GIEIS' Centre's Legal Status
>
> The 'GIEIS' centre will be a non-profit organization.  Its dispute=20
> mechanism and complaints procedure will be completely transparent and=20
> all disputes will be posted to the centre's website.  There will be no=20
> closed door policy.  The 'GIEIS' system will not be accessible by any=20
> company and will be completely independent.  It will also not be a=20
> government agency of any form, it will be a public body.
>
>
> Privacy Concerns
>
> 'GIEIS' does not and will not analyze the majority of email=20
> transmission, unless specifically requested to do so, or when breaches=20
> of the 'Terms of Service Agreement' have been made.  Also, government=20
> agencies already have the ability, and the funding, to analyze emails=20
> on a global basis.  'GIEIS' would not be able to compare to the=20
> supercomputers used by the NSA/CIA (US) and the GCHQ (UK).  'GIEIS'=20
> will have a legally binding 'privacy agreement' and will never=20
> distribute, share, or sell any personal information.
>
>
> Opposition to the Proposal
>
> The opposition to this proposal falls into two main categories.  Those=20
> who are paranoid about a centralised agency analyzing email=20
> transmissions, and software companies that are either based or have=20
> products based on 'anti-spam' techniques.  'GIEIS' would make these=20
> products and companies completely redundant on a global basis.
>
> Copyright, including intellectual copyright Mark McCarron, 2003.
>
> _________________________________________________________________
> It's fast, it's easy and it's free. Get MSN Messenger today!=20
> http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Asrg mailing list
> Asrg@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>



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Subject: Re: [Asrg] 'GIEIS' - The Extended Overview Released
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 15:04:03 -0400
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Why not just use a VPN - point to point - and I can reject any=20
connection that I don't like! This seems to not require a centralized=20
anything.  Am I missing something here?

Chuck Wegrzyn


Mark McCarron wrote:

> GIEIS - Global ISP Email Identity System - The Ultimate Anti-Spam Syste=
m
> a.k.a. - The Digital Reaper
>
> Copyright, including intellectual copyright, Mark McCarron 2003.
>
>
> Introduction
>
> 'GIEIS' has a global range in its application and is a hybrid=20
> consent/force model for prevention of fraudulent email.  'GIEIS' deals=20
> with both sender and recipient and acts as a 'gate-keeper' to the=20
> networks under its protection.  'GIEIS' is not just a method of=20
> eliminating spam but also, virus transmission, worm transmission,=20
> trojan transmission, chain-mail, email hoaxes and all non-compliant=20
> mail.  The 'GIEIS' system is designed in such a manner that bypassing=20
> the system is impossible.
>
>
> Architecture Overview
>
> 'GIEIS' is a new architecture for email.  It extends the SMTP protocol=20
> currently in use and requires the establishment of a centralised=20
> structure for email verification.  'GIEIS' utilises the common point=20
> in all email transmission from any source, the ISP.  The proposed=20
> system will route all email from an ISP's customer base through a=20
> special server known as an 'Email Authentication Server' (EAS).  At=20
> this point, special encrypted codes are appended to the header that=20
> identify the account, the 'EAS' server, and the  ISP from which the=20
> email was sent.  A random encrypted ID code is also appended and these=20
> details are stored to the 'EAS''s database.  From here, the email is=20
> then distributed to the recipients 'EAS'.  The recipient's 'EAS' then=20
> contacts the 'GIEIS' central servers and 'GIEIS' confirms the special=20
> encrypted codes held in the header of the email.  'GIEIS' achieves=20
> this by communicating with the sender's 'EAS', confirming the database=20
> entry against codes received, deleting the database entry (or marking=20
> confirmed), and relaying the results via encrypted transmission to the=20
> recipient's 'EAS'.  This will result in one of two possible actions;=20
> either the email is sent to the recipient's email inbox or is deleted.
>
>
> Encryption
>
> This would most likely be a modified form of OpenPGP.  It would be=20
> based on a combination of ciphers rather than just one.  Ciphers being=20
> considered are TripleDES, CAST and Twofish.  RSA encryption has been=20
> deemed to weak for this purpose.  Codes and encryption passphrases=20
> will be changed frequently automatically.  Updates to 'EAS' will also=20
> be automated.
>
>
> Abuse of Domestic Accounts
>
> To prevent such abuses of these accounts several measures will be put=20
> in place.  A limit on the amount of recipient's will be imposed per=20
> email, any email which exceeds the limit will be automatically spanned=20
> as separate emails by the clients software.  The 'EAS' will refuse any=20
> non-compliant email.  A limit will be imposed on the amount of emails=20
> that may be sent daily from any account.
>
> There are currently several proposals to limit the rate at which=20
> emails can be sent.  The first proposal is to have the sender validate=20
> each email by entering text based on a downloaded graphic.  This=20
> suggestion has limitations in respect to the visually impaired and=20
> blind members of the Internet.  This could be replaced by a simple=20
> puzzle, such as a question, for example how many days are there in a=20
> week?  This would be very difficult to automate.
>
> A second proposal, that may include the first proposal, is that a=20
> delay of 5 to 10 seconds be imposed for each email sent.  The 'EAS'=20
> would control the rate, not the client software.
>
> The third proposal, which we believe to be the most acceptable, is an=20
> incrementing delay based on the volume of emails sent.  Every 3 emails=20
> queued would result in an additional one second delay added.  For=20
> example, if 33 emails were queued, the first batch of 3 would be sent=20
> and a then pause of one second.  The next 3 emails would then be sent=20
> and a pause of 2 seconds would occur.  By the time we get to 30 emails=20
> there would be a 10 second delay before the next batch of 3 emails=20
> were sent.  As you can see this delay would continue to grow in=20
> respect to the amount of emails queued.  This would force spammers to=20
> have a large amount of accounts and the machines to connect to them. =20
> The time of opening new accounts manually and the cost (machines and=20
> time) would be prohibitive.
>
>
> Business Accounts
>
> There has been some concern over how 'GIEIS' will handle business=20
> email and large volume traffic.  All businesses will have to register=20
> with their ISP and provide company registration details.  These=20
> details are then passed to the 'GIEIS' centre where a business code=20
> will be issued.  The business' email will then be routed through the=20
> ISP's 'EAS'.  The process of sending bulk email will be transparent. =20
> The software will compile a list of domains that it will require=20
> access bulk access to and the amount of emails to be sent.  This list=20
> will be transmitted to the ISP's 'EAS'.  The ISP's 'EAS' will then=20
> contact the 'GIEIS' central servers transmitting the encrypted=20
> business code and the list of domains. 'GIEIS' will then contact the=20
> domains on the list an authorize a bulk reception from the=20
> transmitting domain and the amount of emails to be received, again via=20
> encrypted message. 'GIEIS' waits until it receives an acknowledgement=20
> from each domain and then transmits a ready signal to the ISP's 'EAS'=20
> (may also include a list of down servers).  The ISP's 'EAS' then=20
> contacts the business' email software and requests a begin of=20
> transmission.  Any errors are relayed back to the business.
>
>
> Mailing Lists and Discussion Groups
>
> Mailing lists must contact 'GIEIS' directly for setup and must be=20
> associated with a bonafide website domain.  This domain will be=20
> checked by 'GIEIS' representative and the hosting company contacted=20
> for further information.  A credit card will be required and a $1 (=A31=
,=20
> 1 euro) charge will be made to it.  The card details must match those=20
> to which the domain is registered.  Also, a mailing address and=20
> telephone contact information would be required.  They will receive a=20
> written copy of the 'Terms of Service' which they must sign and send=20
> back to 'GIEIS'.  Upon reception 'GIEIS' will implement the account=20
> with their ISP.
>
> The emails then sent by the mailing list will be analyzed by=20
> heuristics.  Each message will also be parsed for HTML code, such as=20
> IMAGE tags and jpg, bmp images.  As the majority of mailing systems=20
> use either ASCII or UNICODE text only, spam can be detected, blocked=20
> and the offender's credit card billed with a fine, or the offender=20
> prosecuted.  Heuristic analysis will not be a permanent feature, it=20
> will most likely be a feature that will only be in place for the first=20
> 6 months of any new mailing list request.  On successful completion of=20
> this 6 month 'trial period', the account will be deemed 'secure',=20
> heuristics will be stopped and the system will then use end-user=20
> reports only.
>
> Technically, the account will operate in a similar manner to business=20
> accounts and allow for bulk transmission.
>
>
> Virus/Worm/Trojan Protection
>
> As 'GIEIS' can trace email sending directly to account level.  Any=20
> form of attack launched on remote machines can be minimised and the=20
> perpetrator tracked immediately.  Each 'EAS' system will have built-in=20
> anti-virus scanning software that will scan all outbound email=20
> attachments.  Any infected file will be bounced back to sending system=20
> with information of the virus.  This will prevent spread of 'address=20
> book' virus' that have become common place within the last few years. =20
> The senders 'EAS' will inform the user when their daily limit has been=20
> reached, it will also inform them that if they have not sent this=20
> volume that their machine may be infected or have been hacked.  There=20
> will be information on to take steps to resolve the problem.
>
> A further extension, under consideration, is the flagging of=20
> executable attachments and their spread.  This would assist in rapidly=20
> identifying new virus'/worms/trojans and 'GIEIS', upon confirmation of=20
> a new infection, would be able to seal those accounts until updated=20
> anti-virus patterns were installed to all 'EAS's.
>
> A further suggestion, is linking a reporting service from 'GIEIS'=20
> directly to the computer fraud departments of Police forces globally. =20
> This would assist in taking immediate action against offenders.
>
>
> Period of Introduction
>
> Until a sufficient amount of ISPs are 'GIEIS Compliant' the 'GIEIS'=20
> system will be in a test mode.  This will most likely be a period of 6=20
> months, to 1 year.  A specific date will be chosen from when the=20
> system will become fully operational.  After that date, only 'GIEIS'=20
> compliant systems would be able to send email to those domains=20
> protected under 'GIEIS'.  This would force a global update, or many=20
> would find their customer base rapidly shrinking.
>
> In order to speed the process.  'GIEIS' would be setup in partnership=20
> with the world's largest providers of ISP and email services.  No=20
> company could afford to be excluded from their domains and adoption=20
> would become rapid.  These companies have the legal right to take all=20
> steps necessary to protect their networks and customer base.
>
>
> Account and Domain Blocking
>
> The 'GIEIS' system will have the ability to suspend email service at=20
> account level and domain level.  Any blockage will be in accordance=20
> with the 'Terms of Service Agreement'.
>
>
> Terms of Service Agreement, Guidelines and Dispute mechanisms
>
> These will be determined by the members of the IRTF and IETF and=20
> conform to International law.
>
>
> Charges and Fines
>
> Setup fees will be charged for business users.  Fines can be imposed,=20
> as per the 'Terms of Service Agreement' and services restricted until=20
> fines are paid in full.
>
>
> 'GIEIS' Centre's Legal Status
>
> The 'GIEIS' centre will be a non-profit organization.  Its dispute=20
> mechanism and complaints procedure will be completely transparent and=20
> all disputes will be posted to the centre's website.  There will be no=20
> closed door policy.  The 'GIEIS' system will not be accessible by any=20
> company and will be completely independent.  It will also not be a=20
> government agency of any form, it will be a public body.
>
>
> Privacy Concerns
>
> 'GIEIS' does not and will not analyze the majority of email=20
> transmission, unless specifically requested to do so, or when breaches=20
> of the 'Terms of Service Agreement' have been made.  Also, government=20
> agencies already have the ability, and the funding, to analyze emails=20
> on a global basis.  'GIEIS' would not be able to compare to the=20
> supercomputers used by the NSA/CIA (US) and the GCHQ (UK).  'GIEIS'=20
> will have a legally binding 'privacy agreement' and will never=20
> distribute, share, or sell any personal information.
>
>
> Opposition to the Proposal
>
> The opposition to this proposal falls into two main categories.  Those=20
> who are paranoid about a centralised agency analyzing email=20
> transmissions, and software companies that are either based or have=20
> products based on 'anti-spam' techniques.  'GIEIS' would make these=20
> products and companies completely redundant on a global basis.
>
> Copyright, including intellectual copyright Mark McCarron, 2003.
>
> _________________________________________________________________
> It's fast, it's easy and it's free. Get MSN Messenger today!=20
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>
>
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From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Fwd: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 14:41:59 -0400


>X-Originating-IP: [62.252.200.188]
>X-Originating-Email: [markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com]
>From: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>To: research@solidmatrix.com
>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 18:39:09 +0000
>X-OriginalArrivalTime: 30 Jun 2003 18:39:09.0572 (UTC) 
>FILETIME=[E4C9CC40:01C33F36]
>
>
>I am not refering to constructive critism, this is most welcome.  However, 
>I am fully aware of people's agendas on this matter, this is what I am 
>refering to.  Also the group will be the ones deciding the guidelines for 
>the 'GIEIS' system, this is its main reason for inclusion.  Not technical 
>input, as there seems to be very few who can go that deep.  It would be 
>most welcome.
>
>I'm afriad that all enquiries are kept confidential due to partnerships 
>with current anti-spam solution providers.
>
>Mark McCarron.
>
>
>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org, "Paul 
>>Judge" <paul.judge@ciphertrust.com>
>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 14:31:44 -0400
>>
>>
>>>>From: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 18:21:09 +0000
>>>>
>>>>The 'GIEIS' system is not designed to be backwards compatible.  There 
>>>>is no possible way for any solution to arise using the current 
>>>>system.  If it could be achieved it would have happened by now.
>>>>
>>>>I am completely unconcerned with objections.  As I said before, I not 
>>>>designing a system to win a 'popularity' contest.  I am concerned with 
>>>>only one thing, complete effectiveness.  Nothing else.
>>
>>Then why are you participating in the group? If you are not here to ask 
>>for our opinions, why waste our time and effort on this? This group is 
>>intended for people to discuss the spam issue and get opinions, comments, 
>>and objections, so the kinks in different proposals can be worked out 
>>before they are implemented.
>>
>>>>I looked at the systems you from the links you provided.  They can all 
>>>>be bypassed without too much effort.
>>>>
>>>>It will not be an alternative, the system will not be active until the 
>>>>patner companies are ready.  Then it will become exclusive.
>>
>>Can you name a few partners?
>>
>>>>I read mike's proposal, its slightly different from my system.  You 
>>>>will understand this within the next hour or so.
>>>>
>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 13:54:33 -0400
>>>>>
>>>>>At 05:06 PM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>>Thankyou for your reply.  I have not been posting this conversation 
>>>>>>to the group.  You can if you wish, you have my full permission to do so.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Sorry, I wasn't refering to you personally about selling anti-span 
>>>>>>solutions, that was just a general comment.  'The Ultimate Spam 
>>>>>>System' may be too hard to handle, but that is an accurate 
>>>>>>description of the system.
>>>>>
>>>>>There are numerous other proposals that seek to change the underlying 
>>>>>infrastructure - YOU ARE NOT ALONE. Example of this would be Walter 
>>>>>Dnes's proposal, another example would the AMDP protocol 
>>>>>(http://www.amdpmail.com/), MTP protocol 
>>>>>(http://www.danisch.de/tmp/draft_mtp.txt), etc. Also take a look at 
>>>>>this list message 
>>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg00882.html) 
>>>>>that lists objection to new systems.
>>>>>
>>>>>>Also, as you learn within the next few hours, the system will be near 
>>>>>>impossible to hack based upon its architecture.  I have complete the 
>>>>>>overview today, and it will be released in the next coming hours to 
>>>>>>the mailing group.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>I feel that change to the architecture is the magic bullet 
>>>>>>solution.  I am not claiming this will be easy, but it is certainly 
>>>>>>far from impossible.
>>>>>
>>>>>We know as a group that changing the architecture will significantly 
>>>>>reduce the spam problem. However, moving over and implementing such 
>>>>>change is extremely hard as Alan DeKok and many other pointed out. Our 
>>>>>goal is to create a cohesive framework for anti-spam solutions with 
>>>>>short, medium and long term solutions.
>>>>>
>>>>>>This will not be an alternative email system that will reside along 
>>>>>>side the current one.  It will replace it completely making it 
>>>>>>entirely redundant.
>>>>>
>>>>>However until it does, it will operate side by side with the regular 
>>>>>SMTP. Thus, its alternative.
>>>>>
>>>>>>The US military is instigating a change to IPv6 in mid 2004 or 2006 
>>>>>>(I'll clear that date up, the source is at Reuters, I read it a few days ago).
>>>>>>This will have a global impact, I believe that 'GIEIS' would be 
>>>>>>implemented at this stage also.
>>>>>
>>>>>IPv6 is backwards compatible with IPv4 UNLIKE your system, Walter 
>>>>>Dnes's proposal and many others have accounted to backwards 
>>>>>compatibility, you have not yet as seen from this quote:
>>>>>
>>>>>"What would happen if this system was implemented and I tried to send 
>>>>>spam or even an email from an older server?
>>>>>The message would not be received by those protected by 'GIEIS'."
>>>>>
>>>>>>Also, my system would inform users when a limit was reached.  Users 
>>>>>>would know if they sent this volume of email and the system would 
>>>>>>have information of those who suspect their machine was infected or hacked.
>>>>>
>>>>>This idea has been proposed before by Mike Rubel 
>>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg04616.html).
>>>>>
>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>>>>>>>Subject: [offlist] Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 12:29:09 -0400
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>The consent framework is not a specific solution - its a framework. 
>>>>>>>Various anti-spam tools and proposals including yours will fit into 
>>>>>>>this framework. It is more of a bird-eye view of all anti-spam solutions.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>As for your specific proposal, first of all my company does not 
>>>>>>>write or distribute anti-spam software so I do not have "financial 
>>>>>>>considerations" here. I also do not like the name calling between 
>>>>>>>different group members - it causes a feeling of discord. 
>>>>>>>Additionally, calling your system "the ultimate anti spam system" is 
>>>>>>>a bit too much for most members to handle. I would like to see 
>>>>>>>everyone to stay away from name calling while keeping in mind that 
>>>>>>>this is a technical list.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>As for the technical considerations of your proposal, what you are 
>>>>>>>proposing essentially is an alternative email system along side of 
>>>>>>>the current one. This is similar to the system being proposed by 
>>>>>>>Walter Dnes except that his system does not rely on cryptographic 
>>>>>>>methods (see 
>>>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05683.html). 
>>>>>>>The problem with this system is three fold - one is the fact that 
>>>>>>>everyone has to change in order to use it which is also a problem 
>>>>>>>with Walter's proposal. The second problem is privacy - what you are 
>>>>>>>essentially proposing is that every single email message will have a 
>>>>>>>tracking number that can be traced to the sender. This creates 
>>>>>>>potential for abuse. Third, inter-operability with existing email is 
>>>>>>>a big problem as well since no one would want to use an alternative 
>>>>>>>system unless many people will switch over to it and many people 
>>>>>>>will not switch to it until others use it. If you look through the 
>>>>>>>mailing list archive somewhere there is a list of requirements by 
>>>>>>>Eric Williams. I asked him to email me the most recent copy which I 
>>>>>>>will forward to you. Among those requirements, deployment and 
>>>>>>>inter-operability rank pretty high up.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>It is obvious that creating an alternative email system will cut 
>>>>>>>down on spam since its the open nature of the Net that causes it. 
>>>>>>>But as I mentioned before, cell phone companies build their SMS 
>>>>>>>systems based on email (at least in US) and SMTP, so you can see how 
>>>>>>>pervasive existing standards are. Additionally, as Barry Shain has 
>>>>>>>mentioned many times before, much of spam is being sent via hacked 
>>>>>>>computers. Even with your rate limits in place, spammers can 
>>>>>>>probably be able to coordinate many hacked computers to send spam 
>>>>>>>from legit GEIS/EAS senders.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Among the various discussions over the last few months, many of the 
>>>>>>>group members have reached a conclusion that there is not magic 
>>>>>>>silver bullet that will stop spam overnight. Rather, a combination 
>>>>>>>of various solutions and proposals will start cutting into the spam 
>>>>>>>flow until it stops.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>P.S. I am replying to you off-list since the message that you sent 
>>>>>>>me was not CCed to the group list. Please let me know if this is 
>>>>>>>correct because I would rather have discussions in public so we can 
>>>>>>>get comments from other people.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>At 03:23 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Paul is an excellent poster, he has the subject matter clearly defined.
>>>>>>>>I see he has broken the issue down to two major catagories, local 
>>>>>>>>and global.
>>>>>>>>The consent system is going to be difficult to implement, I haven't 
>>>>>>>>seen anything that actually deals with issue of how to prevent sending spam.
>>>>>>>>The 'GIEIS' system would be on the middle ground in terms of 
>>>>>>>>consent and its application would be global.  It forces the 
>>>>>>>>erasure/stoppage of all fraudulent email but also allows the 
>>>>>>>>end-user the whitelist options.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>There has been a lot of confusion on the system and I have been 
>>>>>>>>compiling all the postings in one file so that I can clearly 
>>>>>>>>address all concerns.
>>>>>>>>Also, there seems to be quite a bit of opposition to the idea of a 
>>>>>>>>centralised angency and a lot of paranoid responses to it.  The 
>>>>>>>>more I post on the subject, and the clearer the system has become, 
>>>>>>>>concerns have dwindled.  The main opposition now comes from those 
>>>>>>>>advocating 'anti-spam software' and this is just to protect 
>>>>>>>>financial considerations.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>'GIEIS' is the only proposal I have ever seen that can stop all 
>>>>>>>>fraudulent email.  Are you aware of any others?
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>I'm am in the process of designing an Internet draft of the system.
>>>>>>>>It is a major task as there is a lot to go through.  I have 30 
>>>>>>>>pages of comments alone to address, however, all the comments have 
>>>>>>>>a resolution within the 'GIEIS' system.  I will post a complete 
>>>>>>>>accurate proposal of the system in the next few days once I have 
>>>>>>>>compiled all the information together.  It will refer to both 
>>>>>>>>local, global, consent and forced issues.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" 
>>>>>>>>><markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,research@solidmatrix.com
>>>>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:52:34 -0400
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Take a look at today's message from the chair, Paul Judge, on this 
>>>>>>>>>subject 
>>>>>>>>>(https://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/working-groups/asrg/current/msg05968.html). 
>>>>>>>>>The consent framework that we are discussing is not limited to 
>>>>>>>>>end-users only. The generic proposal that I put forth concentrated 
>>>>>>>>>specifically on the end-user and this is probably what is throwing you off.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>At 02:46 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>This I understand very well.  What I am asking is, have you been 
>>>>>>>>>>able to overcome any of the limitations I mentioned?
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>>>>>>>>>>>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>>>>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>>>Date: Sun, 29 Jun 2003 22:41:54 -0400
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>First of all take a look a the group's charter 
>>>>>>>>>>>(http://www.irtf.org/charters/asrg.html). As the charter states 
>>>>>>>>>>>we are seeking to define an overall consent framework and fit in 
>>>>>>>>>>>all the different spam proposals into it. The proposal below was 
>>>>>>>>>>>put forth to solicit opinions and ideas from people on consent 
>>>>>>>>>>>in general and the consent framework in particular.
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>Yakov
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>At 01:20 AM 6/30/2003 +0000, Mark McCarron wrote:
>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>Yakov,
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the 
>>>>>>>>>>>>current one employed by Hotmail.  It is not effective in 
>>>>>>>>>>>>eliminating spam, the end user still recieves it and has to 
>>>>>>>>>>>>deal with it.  Also, it does not address the main issue about 
>>>>>>>>>>>>spam and that is the roughly 30% band-width absorbed across the 
>>>>>>>>>>>>Internet by it.  All this seems to do is sort it at the recieving end.
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>I also read something about a confirmation being sent back from 
>>>>>>>>>>>>the server, this is just an adaptation of challange response.
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>It also does not address the issue of spammer's who use their 
>>>>>>>>>>>>own mail servers.
>>>>>>>>>>>>Can you clear any of these problems up?
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>Mark McCarron.
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > -----Original Message-----
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > From: Yakov Shafranovich 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Sent: Thursday, June 26, 2003 11:23 AM
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > To: asrg@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Subject: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > I would like to provide a generic proposal for
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > consent-based system
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > as per
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > charter:
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 1. Users and/or ISP define rules and filters to=20
>>>>>>>>>>>>>filter incoming=20
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email. Rules/filters are decided by end users and ISPs,
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > and are not
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > mandated.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Every user/ISP can define its own policies ranging=20
>>>>>>>>>>>>>from banning=20
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > all email not digitally signed to blocking HTML.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 2. For each email user, the MUA or the ISP maintains a
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > whitelist of trusted
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > senders, blacklist of blocked senders and a graylist of
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > unknown senders.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Whitelisted senders go the inbox, graylisted senders 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> go to
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > the bulk folder,
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > and blacklisted senders are either in the spam folder or
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > erased. 3. Whitelists are not only a list of email 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> addresses
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > of trusted senders,
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > but to avoid sender spoofing also have additional 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> features
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > such as digital
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > signatures, certificates, passwords, tokens, etc.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 4. Additional automatic whitelist rules are defined 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> as such
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email from
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > trusted senders (e.g. Habeas) is automatically goes 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> to the
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > inbox unless
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > blacklisted, etc. C/R systems are also integrated and 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> upon
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > receiving a
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > positive response automatically whitelist the sender.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 5. Additional automatic blacklist rules are defined 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> such as
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > email coming
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > from known open relays is blocked.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > 6. Whitelists, graylists and blacklists are stored 
>>>>>>>>>>>>> hashed or
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > encrypted to
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > protect privacy.
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Any thoughts?
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > >
>>>>>>>>>>>>> > > > > Yakov
>>>>>>
>>>>>>_________________________________________________________________
>>>>>>It's fast, it's easy and it's free. Get MSN Messenger today! 
>>>>>>http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger
>>>>
>>>>_________________________________________________________________
>>>>Hotmail messages direct to your mobile phone http://www.msn.co.uk/msnmobile
>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>Asrg mailing list
>>>Asrg@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg
>
>_________________________________________________________________
>Stay in touch with absent friends - get MSN Messenger 
>http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger


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Vernon Schryver wrote:

>>From: Matthew Elvey <matthew@elvey.com>
>>    
>>
>>Boy, it seems like an increasing number of the posts I've seen since 
>>this list started come from posters who seem to be gravely misinformed 
>>or deliberately spreading misinformation. [...]
>>
>> It seems like the discussion of the most promising proposals is 
>>exceedingly rare.  :-(
>>    
>>
>
>We agree about some of that, but we may disagree about which is
>the information and which is the misinformation. [...]
>
>The most reasonable ASRG thread concerned Graylisting.  That report
>was of measured results from real code in the real world, unlike
>the white papers about RMX, consent, and the rest.
>
>Various spam filtering is done on at least 50% of all mailboxes.
>(Doesn't Brightmail claim 40%?)  If those filters are at least 50%
>effective, then more than 25% of all spam in the Internet is already
>being handled.  That's consistent with the reports of many that
>their personal spam loads are lower than they were years ago.  Many
>mailboxes are like mine, suffering an entirely tolerable load of
>spam of fewer than 1-4 spam/week.
>
Your <4/week number must be net (after applying good antispam measures, 
and not counting the spam folder you need to scan for false positives) 
or you are an  outlier.  Are you saying that the claims of Postini, 
Brightmail, Hotmail, (and a bunch of nanae posters) all showing that 
around half of email is spam are wrong?  (73%, 2/5, 80%, various, of all 
email, respectively, for their systems; URLs available; just ask here)

Your DCC seems to be a very good system, but it causes false positives, 
so you have to go through what it thinks is spam, (or bounce it) right?  
What are average DCC user false positive rates?  Do you think DCC alone 
is a solution that works well for now (like bayesian filtering), or one 
that will also work well in the long term without needing to participate 
in a continuing arms race?   I use SpamAssassin (not the latest version, 
and w/o custom weights, or SMTP-time 4xx/5xx bouncing unfortunately; my 
ISP isn't perfect; I've complained), and I get a couple dozen spam a day 
that have lower scores  than my non-spam.  I don't even know how much 
really spammy spam I get, because I delete or bounce it.  It's so much 
that I couldn't reasonably go through my spammy spam looking for false 
positives. That's not a tolerable load, IMO.  I should keep it for a few 
days to check.

>Contrast that fact with the positions of advocates for various silver
>bullets.  They talk as if public, long term mailboxes like mine must
>receive many spam/day and about stopping practically all of that spam
>with their wonderful solutions.  None advert to the fact that at least
>half of the field has alreading been taken by others who range from
>silent (e.g. Postini, and SpamPal) to practically silent (Brightmail
>and Cloudmark) to extremely quiet (SpamAssassin).[...]
>
What do you mean by silent?  That they silence the noise that is spam?  
I am skeptical that SpamPal (which is purely DNSRBL-based), today, is 
gonna eliminate all my spam, or work w/o a ton of false positives.  
"SpamPal will not be able to detect all of your spam. However, I think 
it will detect enough to make a considerable difference!" - the spampal 
site

BTW, what RBLs does SpamPal currently use by default?  Anyone?

>
>
>
>  
>
>>...
>>                                     Result: the Internet is RMX ready 
>>for any domain that wishes to do so to roll out and have it be highly 
>>effective.  
>>    
>>
>
>Effective in what way?  
>
Effective in preventing abuse 'from' their domain.

>The most commonly used sender domain names in
>spam are those of the free providers.  (My measurements on ~30K recent
>spam imply >40% of spam currently involves free provider sender
>domains.)  Please offer some evidence that the major free mail providers
>would go along any sort of RMX system. 
>
But having that evidence ahead of time is not a realistic possibility, 
even if RMX were a mathematically proven silver bullet (it's not a 
silver bullet at all, but it could be a component of a silver bullet, 
IMO).   They're not gonna come out in favor of this stuff ahead of time.
Hotmail and Yahoo are pro-spam (they are on record as opposing 
California's SB 12, which is going to be voted on tomorrow, BTW.)
They would only do so under pressure.  Pressure that would build, as 
email sent 'from' domains that don't implement RMX gets to be a 
progressively more reliable indicator of spam.  That pressure would 
largely come from their own users, whose email would be getting filtered 
because they hadn't implemented RMX.

> Outblaze is widely seen as
>one of the most anti-spam free providers.  Please point out the words
>in a web page (perhaps starting at http://outblaze.com/index.php )
>where the owners of the 30,000,000 Outblaze mailboxes are told to send
>only through Outblaze's servers.  Feel free to point out such words
>in Hotmail's, Yahoo's, or some other major free (or non-free) mail
>service provider's terms of service.
>
flamer.  chill.  Your tone is so unpleasant I'm tempted to just ignore 
you completely.  Tone it down if you want to continue the conversaion, 
please.

Ask Suresh yourself if he thinks Outblaze would be up for this.  
Outblaze ALREADY makes this difficult: any mail sent 'from' an outblaze 
account not through their servers that bounces gets filed in /dev/null.  
So I suspect they may be up for it.  Besides, there are a lot of major 
providers who utterly fail to enforce their TOS, such as Verio, so what 
TOS say or don't say is of little import.

>
>
>  
>
>>            Trying to get the majority of the world's MUA end users to 
>>upgrade is much more difficult, IMO.
>>I had cisco.com and some other major domains whitelisted for a while, 
>>but had to remove 'em due to repeated spam 'From' them. 
>>abuse@<trademark>.com seemed uninterested in pursuing abuse of their 
>>trademark.
>>    
>>
>
>That's interesting when you think about it.  Please offer some evidence
>other than your personal assurances that Cisco would restrict employees
>from sending mail with cisco.com sender addresses from random locations
>including their homes, customer sites, hotels, and even airplanes in
>order to stop that abuse of their trademark.
>
Chill.  Any Cisco employee who is going to be connecting to the 'net for 
work will connect to cisco over a VPN from said random locations and 
would have full access to cisco SMTP servers.  Ok, so it's unlikely, but 
perhaps they can't send from cisco.com from their cellphones without 
some work (some cellphones support SMTP already, and probably some 
support smtp-auth as well).  It's unlikely, but perhaps a VPN or 
smtp-auth connection won't be practical from 30,000 feet.  If so, so 
their mail in these very rare cases comes from airline.dom or 
cellphonecompany.dom.  Big deal?

>
>
>  
>
>>...
>>    
>>
>>>The issue is that people send mail "from" one domain while using the 
>>>mail servers of another.  This is done all the time for perfectly 
>>>legitimate reasons.  Not only is it done on an individual level, it is 
>>>also done regularly in mass commercial mailings (which are sent by one 
>>>company on behalf of another).  Using the "reply to" to authenticate 
>>>breaks all of that.  Yahoo users can only send mail using Yahoo's web 
>>>mail.  Macromedia can't send mail from "support@macromedia.com" using 
>>>mx0's mail servers, and so on. 
>>>      
>>>
>>This capability is NOT broken with the RMX proposal.  Any legitimate 
>>users WILL be able to use the domain of their choice.  There are at 
>>least 3 ways yahoo users could continue to use their own servers in an 
>>RMX-compatible world.
>>    
>>
>
>That is so wrong that it qualifies as what you called "misinformation."
>Why didn't you touch on those three ways Yahoo uses could use "their
>own servers"?  
>
Chill!
1)Yahoo doesn't implement RMX on its domain.  Anyone can still send 
'from' yahoo.com from any server.  This is the easiest solution.  RMX 
isn't mandatory for all domains, remember?  Or did you not actually read 
the proposal that you so harshly criticize?
2)They modify the 'to' addresses from user@example.com to 
user@example.com.yahoo.com, and yahoo resends it for them using the RMX- 
authorized servers, after checking that it's 'from' a yahoo user.  How 
good this check is  is up to yahoo*, and would impact their reputation 
if they employed this scheme.
3)People can ask/pay yahoo to list their servers.  (Ok, so this doesn't 
scale, but solutions 1 and 2 would work, realistically.  I think I had 
another scheme, but seem to have forgotten it.)
B)Of course Yahoo could also implement RMX on its domain and allow yahoo 
mail users to use an SMTP server they've set up, with security of their 
choice*.

*e.g. The security could be smtp-auth, or a variant of POP before SMTP, 
or allowing users to approve an SMTP server that can relay for them, or 
just a check on whether it's a valid user, or whatever.

>Was it because expecting users to adjust the DNS
>records for the IP addresses from which they are sending mail at
>the moment would sound so completely unrealistic?
>
Dammit, you're antagonistic.  It seems you don't understand the protocol 
at all (or at least the RFC I read).  How it normally works:  Nearly 
everyone sends mail through their ISP's SMTP server, whether that be an 
earthlink, or their employer.  It's the IP of that server that needs to 
be in the RMX records!  Not the user's IP.  If they're doing that, then 
there's some level of security on the SMTP server, allowing them to use 
it, or it's an open relay, and is already broken, as many servers are 
already blocking it for that reason.  So there are no DNS records for 
users to update!  Just the ISP admin, IF they want to protect their 
domain name from abuse, can CHOOSE to set it up, adjustments would be 
needed very infrequently. 

>
>Some RMX-like proposals require adjusting among the RRs of the SMTP
>client based on its IP address.  Those are merely grossly implausible.
>Other RMX-like proposals that use RRs in the envelope sender zone
>domain are worse, given the fact that free providers show no signs of
>objecting to their users sending from elsewhere.
>
>
>  
>
>>...
>>In an RMX world, domain-based DNSRBLs can be highly effective, with low 
>>false positives and low false negatives.
>>    
>>
>
>Domain and IP address based DNS based blacklists can be highly effective
>with quite low false positive and a usefully low false negative rates
>outside RMX worlds.
>
They're useful (especially with scoring systems like SpamAssassin), but 
standard IP based blocklists alone will never be highly accurate in 
terms of positives and negatives.

>The reason that there are so few domain based DNS blacklists is
>that the easy choices fairly static, and because the legal liabilities
>sound worse.
>
 I think it's mainly because IP addresses can't be forged and domains 
can.  SpamPal doesn't support them yet, either. With RMX, domain-based 
blocklists can have much lower false rates than IP-based blocklists.  
Abuse desks and IP-based blocklists are better off as well, because an 
abuse desk can identify a joe-job/forged abuse report a bit more easily, 
and have more evidence to show it to be a forgery. 
A little work implementing RMX would allow a lot of abuse desk work to 
be eliminated.



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Although not 100% on point one problem I see from this (ISP) end is
that more and more people are coming to the conclusion that "spamming"
(somewhere along the continuum) is reasonably acceptable behavior and
ISPs who harass them over it are kinda like librarians always going
SHHHH!, self-appointed pointy-headed morality guardians.

Not the Ralsky-type spammer of course, but the more innocuous kind
doing it for himself.

In the past few days I had gotten a couple (two) very credible
complaints about a small commercial customer who I had noticed was
sending out a lot of email (a lot of it was getting stuck in the
queue, you notice...)

So I sent him e-mail telling him that since we're forced to respond to
complaints further complaints would be billed at $50/event, and
excessive complaints would terminate their account with us (hey, it
was only two complaints, but I didn't like the odor.)

Of course he called asking to speak to me and gave me the usual "is it
illegal?", "how do you judge something is spam?" to which I mostly
stuck to my guns and told him I don't really care if it is spam or not
at this point, I just know we're not going to spend our good time
responding to complaints that it is spam, justified or not, for free.

You have to pay your lawyer even if you're innocent, right? Take it or
leave it, that's our position. You sent out the mail which elicited
this, right? If your contention is that you didn't send the mail then
of course I'd relent.

But you can't expect us to just ante-up any arbitrary amount of our
personnel time responding to complaints, justified or not, which arise
from your business activity.

That evoked somewhat of an admission that he'd been scanning (I think
manually) for web sites with mailing lists which seemed related to his
product (pretty vaguely related based on the complaints) and adding
them to his list with an unsubscribe option on their mailing.

I told him THAT'S SPAMMING!

Ask the list administrator if it's ok to send to their list, don't
just send it, you'll get complaints, and I'll bill you and eventually
after several just cut you off entirely.

He seemed pretty angry at me, what right did I have blah blah blah,
the usual nihilistic babble.

His product itself seems to be quite legitimate, a software package
for engineering design which I know has been around for years tho I
think they've never made much money on it. There appear to be several
employees over there.

I said look, if you don't want to curb your behavior, and you resent
paying for our time which you incur out of our control, then in all
honesty I don't want you as a customer.

He made one last smarmy remark and hung up, I could just about hear
him saying "asshole!" just after the call ended.

But in all honesty this is not your typical spammer, not by a long
shot. They put their real name, address and phone number on the
e-mail, for starters, and their business and product is legitimate and
has been around for years.

But that's where we are, kinda stuck in the middle as customers who
aren't exactly axe-murderers figure some behaviors we might call
"spamming" is maybe a good way to drum up some business.

It sucks, all around.

One reason it sucks is that the public, the sort of people who maybe
are rationalizers but not far out of bounds, are convincing themselves
that if they get a 100 come-ons a day in their mailbox for all kinds
of fraud and porn etc then how wrong could it be for their wonderful
and honest product? And boy-o-boy they could use the cheap advertising
what with sales soft and the landlord hounding them for the rent etc.

I think this is another dimension of trouble unless someone can come
up with a super-clean way to just make spam technically impossible;
this sort of violator isn't likely to try to drive through a jersey
barrier, even if he will pass you on the right in the breakdown lane,
if you get my drift.

-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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Ok ok, fair enough, but there is something so low-intensity about
zombie spambots that it seems to have gone on for months with people
only noticing the result. That makes it different.

It's also not generally complained about as a DDoS except as a
metaphor (it gets so bad it's LIKE a DDoS when the queues get all
jammed with spam slowing down real mail service), and/or by ISPs who
are privately held because you won't hear a publically-traded company
complain that they're getting the stuffing kicked out of them by
criminals they can't do much about, except in very measured language.

    -b


On June 28, 2003 at 01:46 maex-lists-spam-ietf-asrg@Space.Net (Markus Stumpf) wrote:
 > On Fri, Jun 27, 2003 at 07:16:30PM -0400, Barry Shein wrote:
 > > Um, when have you ever seen a DDOS attack with thousands of computers
 > > are spewing packets? Do you have an example?
 > 
 > http://www.caida.org/projects/dns-analysis/oct02dos.xml
 >     DDos against the root DNS servers
 > 
 > http://www.brendastardom.com/arch.asp?ArchID=92
 >     SQL/Slammer took down half of Korea and Bank of America
 > 
 > There are a lot more examples...
 > 
 > 	\Maex
 > 
 > -- 
 > SpaceNet AG            | Joseph-Dollinger-Bogen 14 | Fon: +49 (89) 32356-0
 > Research & Development |       D-80807 Muenchen    | Fax: +49 (89) 32356-299
 > "The security, stability and reliability of a computer system is reciprocally
 >  proportional to the amount of vacuity between the ears of the admin"
 > 
 > _______________________________________________
 > Asrg mailing list
 > Asrg@ietf.org
 > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/asrg

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On June 28, 2003 at 16:19 jrk@merseymail.com (Jon Kyme) wrote:
 > > away, then it's a DDoS attack.  This is the future of spam for
 > > *everyone*.  I was saying this 3-4 years ago, and almost no on
 > > believed me.  If we don't do SOMETHING to solve the spam problem, then
 > > 3-4 years from now, my current problems will seem minor, and NO ONE
 > > will be using email.
 > > 
 > 
 > If no-one is using (receiving) email, why will the spammers
 > send it?

Another way of putting is that e-mail will become useful ONLY for
sending and receiving spam.

It's kinda like terra-forming, it's spamma-forming the mail system.

This is partly due to the flood of garbage mail's become, and partly
due to the rise in false positives as people desparately try to make
the service useful rather than go back to long-distance charges and
telephone tag.

So, email will only be useful for mildly unreliable communications,
stuff you don't care a lot if you accidentally miss or throw away,
that is, spam.

If that doesn't have a positive reward ratio for you then you'll give
up on it entirely.

        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
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Then what (i.e. when spam kills e-mail as we know it)?

The RBOCs will grab control of it as a special-case of SMS and charge
$.15/message.

It's obvious (to me, anyhow) where this is going if the trend isn't
turned.

As the exasperated parent would say to the cranky kid:

       You want something to cry about?  *I'LL* give you something to
       cry about?!


-- 
        -Barry Shein

Software Tool & Die    | bzs@TheWorld.com           | http://www.TheWorld.com
Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202        | Login: 617-739-WRLD
The World              | Public Access Internet     | Since 1989     *oo*

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To: asrg@ietf.org
From: Craig Cockburn <craig@SiliconGlen.com>
Subject: Re: Fwd: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
References: <5.2.0.9.2.20030630142433.00ba85f0@std5.imagineis.com>
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 23:53:43 +0100

In message <5.2.0.9.2.20030630142433.00ba85f0@std5.imagineis.com>, Yakov 
Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes

>>>>>. Third, inter-operability with existing email is a big problem as 
>>>>>well since no one would want to use an alternative system unless 
>>>>>many people will switch over to it and many people will not switch 
>>>>>others use it.

<set mode way back>
I'm sorry Alexander Graham Bell, we can't possibly accept this new 
fangled telephone thing you've just invented because the above quote 
claims a catch 22 for deployment. It'll never work

>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>This system is very similar, in fact almost identical, to the 
>>>>>>>>>>current one employed by Hotmail.

I thought the issue with hotmail was that you just made the spam appear 
to come from the recipient or from one of the main hotmail "special 
offer" accounts and then it would just sail right through. Certainly 
this happens with mailblocks - it can't block mail apparently coming 
from yourself.

-- 
Craig Cockburn ("coburn"). SiliconGlen.com Ltd. http://SiliconGlen.com
Home to the first online guide to Scotland, founded 1994.
Scottish FAQ, wedding info, travel, search tools, stop spam and more!

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From: Craig Cockburn <craig@SiliconGlen.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] News Article - Spam on cellphones
References: <5.2.0.9.2.20030629141445.00b3c458@solidmatrix.com>
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 23:46:56 +0100

In message <878yrkhh67.fsf@deneb.enyo.de>, Florian Weimer 
<fw@deneb.enyo.de> writes
>Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes:
>
>> There is no reason why cell phone companies around the world could
>> not have developed a separate messaging framework NOT based on SMTP
>> and email.
>
>SMS (at least in GSM-based networks) differs a lot from email: limited
>size, messages may be discarded etc.  It's certainly not similar to
>SMTP.
>
And with SMS I don't think there's any way to prevent the sender knowing 
their message was successfully delivered if they sent it with a delivery 
receipt. Ideal for spammers unfortunately.
-- 
Craig Cockburn ("coburn"). SiliconGlen.com Ltd. http://SiliconGlen.com
Home to the first online guide to Scotland, founded 1994.
Scottish FAQ, wedding info, travel, search tools, stop spam and more!

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From: Craig Cockburn <craig@SiliconGlen.com>
Subject: Re: [Asrg] Fearghas McKay - What's your point??
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 23:44:47 +0100

In message <BAY8-F27SJpjK4LRNJJ0001a4bb@hotmail.com>, Mark McCarron 
<markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com> writes
>
>You really missed a whole lot about me, for starters, I'm a genius.

Evidently not when it comes to communications skills, however. Could you 
do us a favour and keep the personal preening off the list?

-- 
Craig Cockburn ("coburn"). SiliconGlen.com Ltd. http://SiliconGlen.com
Home to the first online guide to Scotland, founded 1994.
Scottish FAQ, wedding info, travel, search tools, stop spam and more!

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Subject: Re: Fwd: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 19:05:22 -0400

At 11:53 PM 6/30/2003 +0100, Craig Cockburn wrote:

>In message <5.2.0.9.2.20030630142433.00ba85f0@std5.imagineis.com>, Yakov 
>Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com> writes
>
>>>>>>. Third, inter-operability with existing email is a big problem as 
>>>>>>well since no one would want to use an alternative system unless many 
>>>>>>people will switch over to it and many people will not switch others use it.
>
><set mode way back>
>I'm sorry Alexander Graham Bell, we can't possibly accept this new fangled 
>telephone thing you've just invented because the above quote claims a 
>catch 22 for deployment. It'll never work

There was no existing telephone system in place or anything remotely 
related. Unfortunatly in our case email systems are all over and very 
entrenched. To uproot all of them is not an easy task.

Yakov  


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Thankyou for your comments, I have replied to everyone in a single respon=
se.=20
  Please find my responses in the body of the message.

This posting relates to the 'GIEIS' system, viewable here at:

http://homepage.ntlworld.com/giza.necropolis

The site will be updated tonight or tomorrow.

Mark McCarron.

>From: Mally Mclane <mally@mally.net>
>To: Mark McCarron <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>CC: <asrg@ietf.org>
>Subject: Re: [Asrg] 'GIEIS' - The Extended Overview Released
>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 20:57:14 +0200 (CEST)
>
>hi,
>
> > Opposition to the Proposal
> >
> > The opposition to this proposal falls into two main categories.  Thos=
e=20
>who
> > are paranoid about a centralised agency analyzing email transmissions=
,=20
>and
> > software companies that are either based or have products based on
> > 'anti-spam' techniques.  'GIEIS' would make these products and compan=
ies
> > completely redundant on a global basis.
>
>and..
>
>3) Those people (myself included) who won't be forced to move to a
>completely new email client to send mail.
>
>I realise you have heard this before, but you are asking the entire
>internet 'world' to move across to a new system from one that already
>works.
>

Mark's Response:

As far as normal end-users go, a simple update to their email client is a=
ll=20
that would be required.  Updates happen all the time.  SMTP is a dying=20
protocol, imagine what it would be like in 10 years?



>Yes, it has spam within it, but tools exist to filter this out to some
>degree. I cannot see anyway how you will ever manage to get this system
>up and working enough to make it worthwhile.
>

Mark's Response:

This will be easy enough.  There will be a period of transition.  Its not=
 as=20
hard as everyone thinks.  I agree it will be a challange, but hey come on=
,=20
its not rocket science.



>Do you have a prototype working anywhere that we can look at?
>


Mark's Response:

The system we tested it on was a private network, also, it wasn't using t=
he=20
full aspects of the 'GIEIS' design.  It was just a feasibility test and i=
t=20
responded well, in fact, 100%.



>I sincerely doubt you would get the hotmail and aol's of this world to
>adopt such a system, it's too restrictive ([i] how would you handle peop=
le
>signing up for free hotmail accounts?), and they are unlikely to literal=
ly
>hand control of their email across to a 3rd party.
>

Mark's Response:

Please provide a more detailed description of how you believe the system =
is=20
'too restrictive', just making that statement is very unclear.  Also, MSN=
=20
(who owns hotmail) has changed its email system 3 times in the last 6 yea=
rs=20
alone.  For those of you who remember MSN started out as an x.25 network=20
without any pop3 servers.  If I remember correctly they were a form of IM=
AP=20
(I'll check this out), it didn't even support MIME, you had to download t=
he=20
'decode shell extension'.  Then they moved to pop 3, then they moved on t=
o=20
web based servers.  Hotmail has excellent anti-spam policies and in busin=
ess=20
terms, it would a lot of send sense for a 3rd party to protect their emai=
l=20
systems.  They outsource their technical support already.  Also, nobody s=
aid=20
anything about handing over control to anyone.



>It would be nice to live in a world free from spam, but not a restrictiv=
e
>world.

Mark's Response:

Please explain this comment.


>From: Mally Mclane <mally@mally.net>
>To: <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>Subject: Re: Fwd: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 21:02:34 +0200 (CEST)
>
>hi mark,
>
>whats the url of the website you used below?
>
>m

Mark's Response:

http://www.ciphertrust.com


>
>
>On Mon, 30 Jun 2003, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
> >
> > >X-Originating-IP: [62.252.200.188]
> > >X-Originating-Email: [markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com]
> > >From: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
> > >To: research@solidmatrix.com
> > >Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
> > >Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 18:33:33 +0000
> > >X-OriginalArrivalTime: 30 Jun 2003 18:33:34.0102 (UTC)
> > >FILETIME=3D[1CD52360:01C33F36]
> > >
> > >
> > >I believe the answer is yes.  I just used a calculator at Paul Judge=
's
> > >website and I put in the values of 1000 employees with an average=20
>salary
> > >of $15,000 and recieving 20 spam messages a day.  It calculated that=
 it
> > >would cost the business $31,250 per year.
> > >
> > >The issue is not going to come down to end-users, but business
> > >losses.  Add to this the financial damage caused by virus', worm's,
> > >trojans and hoax emails this cost just skyrockets per annum.  The=20
>future
> > >is only set to get worse, especially with more eastern block countri=
es
> > >expanding their networks without the proper legal frameworks.
> > >
> > >Mark McCarron.
> > >
> > >
> > >>From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
> > >>To: "Mark McCarron" <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,asrg@ietf.org
> > >>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
> > >>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 14:26:28 -0400
> > >>
> > >>This raises an interesting issue for the group in general. If the=20
>current
> > >>spam problem is not fixed, would there be a move to proprietary
> > >>alternative email solutions such as this one?
> > >>


>From: Mally Mclane <mally@mally.net>
>To: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
>CC: Mark McCarron <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>,  <asrg@ietf.org>
>Subject: Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal
>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 21:03:29 +0200 (CEST)
>
>hi,
>
>On Mon, 30 Jun 2003, Yakov Shafranovich wrote:
>
> > This raises an interesting issue for the group in general. If the=20
>current
> > spam problem is not fixed, would there be a move to proprietary=20
>alternative
> > email solutions such as this one?
>
>No.
>
>It's too much hassle and too much outlay.


Mark's Response:

If you add up the cost of spam, virus', trojans, worms, and email hoaxes =
to=20
business it would far exceed (in one year alone) the cost of implementing=
=20
the 'GIEIS' system.



>From: "C. Wegrzyn" <wegrzyn@garbagedump.com>
>To: Mark McCarron <markmccarron_itt@hotmail.com>
>CC: asrg@ietf.org
>Subject: Re: [Asrg] 'GIEIS' - The Extended Overview Released
>Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 15:03:47 -0400
>
>Why not just use a VPN - point to point - and I can reject any connectio=
n=20
>that I don't like! This seems to not require a centralized anything.
>
>Chuck Wegrzyn
>


Mark's Response:

I don't think you quite understand the difference between email and a VPN=
. =20
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is for connecting remote computers to a=20
private network as though they were physically located on that network. =20
Also, your machine would need to be on anytime someone wanted to connect =
to=20
you to share files, etc.  The overhead, in terms of bandwidth, is=20
substantial for a VPN.


>
>Mark McCarron wrote:
>
>>GIEIS - Global ISP Email Identity System - The Ultimate Anti-Spam Syste=
m
>>a.k.a. - The Digital Reaper
>>
>>Copyright, including intellectual copyright, Mark McCarron 2003.
>>
>>
>>Introduction
>>
>>'GIEIS' has a global range in its application and is a hybrid=20
>>consent/force model for prevention of fraudulent email.  'GIEIS' deals=20
>>with both sender and recipient and acts as a 'gate-keeper' to the netwo=
rks=20
>>under its protection.  'GIEIS' is not just a method of eliminating spam=
=20
>>but also, virus transmission, worm transmission, trojan transmission,=20
>>chain-mail, email hoaxes and all non-compliant mail.  The 'GIEIS' syste=
m=20
>>is designed in such a manner that bypassing the system is impossible.
>>
>>
>>Architecture Overview
>>
>>'GIEIS' is a new architecture for email.  It extends the SMTP protocol=20
>>currently in use and requires the establishment of a centralised struct=
ure=20
>>for email verification.  'GIEIS' utilises the common point in all email=
=20
>>transmission from any source, the ISP.  The proposed system will route =
all=20
>>email from an ISP's customer base through a special server known as an=20
>>'Email Authentication Server' (EAS).  At this point, special encrypted=20
>>codes are appended to the header that identify the account, the 'EAS'=20
>>server, and the  ISP from which the email was sent.  A random encrypted=
 ID=20
>>code is also appended and these details are stored to the 'EAS''s=20
>>database.  From here, the email is then distributed to the recipients=20
>>'EAS'.  The recipient's 'EAS' then contacts the 'GIEIS' central servers=
=20
>>and 'GIEIS' confirms the special encrypted codes held in the header of =
the=20
>>email.  'GIEIS' achieves this by communicating with the sender's 'EAS',=
=20
>>confirming the database entry against codes received, deleting the=20
>>database entry (or marking confirmed), and relaying the results via=20
>>encrypted transmission to the recipient's 'EAS'.  This will result in o=
ne=20
>>of two possible actions; either the email is sent to the recipient's em=
ail=20
>>inbox or is deleted.
>>
>>
>>Encryption
>>
>>This would most likely be a modified form of OpenPGP.  It would be base=
d=20
>>on a combination of ciphers rather than just one.  Ciphers being=20
>>considered are TripleDES, CAST and Twofish.  RSA encryption has been=20
>>deemed to weak for this purpose.  Codes and encryption passphrases will=
 be=20
>>changed frequently automatically.  Updates to 'EAS' will also be=20
>>automated.
>>
>>
>>Abuse of Domestic Accounts
>>
>>To prevent such abuses of these accounts several measures will be put i=
n=20
>>place.  A limit on the amount of recipient's will be imposed per email,=
=20
>>any email which exceeds the limit will be automatically spanned as=20
>>separate emails by the clients software.  The 'EAS' will refuse any=20
>>non-compliant email.  A limit will be imposed on the amount of emails t=
hat=20
>>may be sent daily from any account.
>>
>>There are currently several proposals to limit the rate at which emails=
=20
>>can be sent.  The first proposal is to have the sender validate each em=
ail=20
>>by entering text based on a downloaded graphic.  This suggestion has=20
>>limitations in respect to the visually impaired and blind members of th=
e=20
>>Internet.  This could be replaced by a simple puzzle, such as a questio=
n,=20
>>for example how many days are there in a week?  This would be very=20
>>difficult to automate.
>>
>>A second proposal, that may include the first proposal, is that a delay=
 of=20
>>5 to 10 seconds be imposed for each email sent.  The 'EAS' would contro=
l=20
>>the rate, not the client software.
>>
>>The third proposal, which we believe to be the most acceptable, is an=20
>>incrementing delay based on the volume of emails sent.  Every 3 emails=20
>>queued would result in an additional one second delay added.  For examp=
le,=20
>>if 33 emails were queued, the first batch of 3 would be sent and a then=
=20
>>pause of one second.  The next 3 emails would then be sent and a pause =
of=20
>>2 seconds would occur.  By the time we get to 30 emails there would be =
a=20
>>10 second delay before the next batch of 3 emails were sent.  As you ca=
n=20
>>see this delay would continue to grow in respect to the amount of email=
s=20
>>queued.  This would force spammers to have a large amount of accounts a=
nd=20
>>the machines to connect to them.  The time of opening new accounts=20
>>manually and the cost (machines and time) would be prohibitive.
>>
>>
>>Business Accounts
>>
>>There has been some concern over how 'GIEIS' will handle business email=
=20
>>and large volume traffic.  All businesses will have to register with th=
eir=20
>>ISP and provide company registration details.  These details are then=20
>>passed to the 'GIEIS' centre where a business code will be issued.  The=
=20
>>business' email will then be routed through the ISP's 'EAS'.  The proce=
ss=20
>>of sending bulk email will be transparent.  The software will compile a=
=20
>>list of domains that it will require access bulk access to and the amou=
nt=20
>>of emails to be sent.  This list will be transmitted to the ISP's 'EAS'=
. =20
>>The ISP's 'EAS' will then contact the 'GIEIS' central servers transmitt=
ing=20
>>the encrypted business code and the list of domains. 'GIEIS' will then=20
>>contact the domains on the list an authorize a bulk reception from the=20
>>transmitting domain and the amount of emails to be received, again via=20
>>encrypted message. 'GIEIS' waits until it receives an acknowledgement f=
rom=20
>>each domain and then transmits a ready signal to the ISP's 'EAS' (may a=
lso=20
>>include a list of down servers).  The ISP's 'EAS' then contacts the=20
>>business' email software and requests a begin of transmission.  Any err=
ors=20
>>are relayed back to the business.
>>
>>
>>Mailing Lists and Discussion Groups
>>
>>Mailing lists must contact 'GIEIS' directly for setup and must be=20
>>associated with a bonafide website domain.  This domain will be checked=
 by=20
>>'GIEIS' representative and the hosting company contacted for further=20
>>information.  A credit card will be required and a $1 (=A31, 1 euro) ch=
arge=20
>>will be made to it.  The card details must match those to which the dom=
ain=20
>>is registered.  Also, a mailing address and telephone contact informati=
on=20
>>would be required.  They will receive a written copy of the 'Terms of=20
>>Service' which they must sign and send back to 'GIEIS'.  Upon reception=
=20
>>'GIEIS' will implement the account with their ISP.
>>
>>The emails then sent by the mailing list will be analyzed by heuristics=
. =20
>>Each message will also be parsed for HTML code, such as IMAGE tags and=20
>>jpg, bmp images.  As the majority of mailing systems use either ASCII o=
r=20
>>UNICODE text only, spam can be detected, blocked and the offender's cre=
dit=20
>>card billed with a fine, or the offender prosecuted.  Heuristic analysi=
s=20
>>will not be a permanent feature, it will most likely be a feature that=20
>>will only be in place for the first 6 months of any new mailing list=20
>>request.  On successful completion of this 6 month 'trial period', the=20
>>account will be deemed 'secure', heuristics will be stopped and the sys=
tem=20
>>will then use end-user reports only.
>>
>>Technically, the account will operate in a similar manner to business=20
>>accounts and allow for bulk transmission.
>>
>>
>>Virus/Worm/Trojan Protection
>>
>>As 'GIEIS' can trace email sending directly to account level.  Any form=
 of=20
>>attack launched on remote machines can be minimised and the perpetrator=
=20
>>tracked immediately.  Each 'EAS' system will have built-in anti-virus=20
>>scanning software that will scan all outbound email attachments.  Any=20
>>infected file will be bounced back to sending system with information o=
f=20
>>the virus.  This will prevent spread of 'address book' virus' that have=
=20
>>become common place within the last few years.  The senders 'EAS' will=20
>>inform the user when their daily limit has been reached, it will also=20
>>inform them that if they have not sent this volume that their machine m=
ay=20
>>be infected or have been hacked.  There will be information on to take=20
>>steps to resolve the problem.
>>
>>A further extension, under consideration, is the flagging of executable=
=20
>>attachments and their spread.  This would assist in rapidly identifying=
=20
>>new virus'/worms/trojans and 'GIEIS', upon confirmation of a new=20
>>infection, would be able to seal those accounts until updated anti-viru=
s=20
>>patterns were installed to all 'EAS's.
>>
>>A further suggestion, is linking a reporting service from 'GIEIS' direc=
tly=20
>>to the computer fraud departments of Police forces globally.  This woul=
d=20
>>assist in taking immediate action against offenders.
>>
>>
>>Period of Introduction
>>
>>Until a sufficient amount of ISPs are 'GIEIS Compliant' the 'GIEIS' sys=
tem=20
>>will be in a test mode.  This will most likely be a period of 6 months,=
 to=20
>>1 year.  A specific date will be chosen from when the system will becom=
e=20
>>fully operational.  After that date, only 'GIEIS' compliant systems wou=
ld=20
>>be able to send email to those domains protected under 'GIEIS'.  This=20
>>would force a global update, or many would find their customer base=20
>>rapidly shrinking.
>>
>>In order to speed the process.  'GIEIS' would be setup in partnership w=
ith=20
>>the world's largest providers of ISP and email services.  No company co=
uld=20
>>afford to be excluded from their domains and adoption would become rapi=
d. =20
>>These companies have the legal right to take all steps necessary to=20
>>protect their networks and customer base.
>>
>>
>>Account and Domain Blocking
>>
>>The 'GIEIS' system will have the ability to suspend email service at=20
>>account level and domain level.  Any blockage will be in accordance wit=
h=20
>>the 'Terms of Service Agreement'.
>>
>>
>>Terms of Service Agreement, Guidelines and Dispute mechanisms
>>
>>These will be determined by the members of the IRTF and IETF and confor=
m=20
>>to International law.
>>
>>
>>Charges and Fines
>>
>>Setup fees will be charged for business users.  Fines can be imposed, a=
s=20
>>per the 'Terms of Service Agreement' and services restricted until fine=
s=20
>>are paid in full.
>>
>>
>>'GIEIS' Centre's Legal Status
>>
>>The 'GIEIS' centre will be a non-profit organization.  Its dispute=20
>>mechanism and complaints procedure will be completely transparent and a=
ll=20
>>disputes will be posted to the centre's website.  There will be no clos=
ed=20
>>door policy.  The 'GIEIS' system will not be accessible by any company =
and=20
>>will be completely independent.  It will also not be a government agenc=
y=20
>>of any form, it will be a public body.
>>
>>
>>Privacy Concerns
>>
>>'GIEIS' does not and will not analyze the majority of email transmissio=
n,=20
>>unless specifically requested to do so, or when breaches of the 'Terms =
of=20
>>Service Agreement' have been made.  Also, government agencies already h=
ave=20
>>the ability, and the funding, to analyze emails on a global basis. =20
>>'GIEIS' would not be able to compare to the supercomputers used by the=20
>>NSA/CIA (US) and the GCHQ (UK).  'GIEIS' will have a legally binding=20
>>'privacy agreement' and will never distribute, share, or sell any perso=
nal=20
>>information.
>>
>>
>>Opposition to the Proposal
>>
>>The opposition to this proposal falls into two main categories.  Those =
who=20
>>are paranoid about a centralised agency analyzing email transmissions, =
and=20
>>software companies that are either based or have products based on=20
>>'anti-spam' techniques.  'GIEIS' would make these products and companie=
s=20
>>completely redundant on a global basis.
>>
>>Copyright, including intellectual copyright Mark McCarron, 2003.

_________________________________________________________________
Sign-up for a FREE BT Broadband connection today!=20
http://www.msn.co.uk/specials/btbroadband


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Date: 1 Jul 2003 01:57:29 -0000

> Essentially all spam at Yahoo (using Spam Guard) is blocked and
> placed into a bulk mail folder. Therefore, there>is no distinction
> between saying that a mail message was "placed in the bulk mail
> folder" or "blocked by spam filters" ...

I checked back with my source, and he confirms that although the
details of Yahoo's spam filters are (not surprisingly) confidential,
it's clear that like everyone else they both sidestream some mail into
bulk mail folders and reject some mail outright.  See, for example,
their page http://help.yahoo.com/help/us/mail/spam/spam-17.html at
which gives mailers advice to keep their mail from being rejected or
sidestreamed.

In any event, there's no shame in making the occasional mistake, so
I'm not going to beat this particular horse any more.  But please,
let's try not to leap to conclusions in the future.


-- 
John R. Levine, IECC, POB 727, Trumansburg NY 14886 +1 607 330 5711
johnl@iecc.com, Village Trustee and Sewer Commissioner, http://iecc.com/johnl, 
Member, Provisional board, Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial E-mail

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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 22:09:23 -0400

At 01:57 AM 7/1/2003 +0000, John R. Levine wrote:

> > Essentially all spam at Yahoo (using Spam Guard) is blocked and
> > placed into a bulk mail folder. Therefore, there>is no distinction
> > between saying that a mail message was "placed in the bulk mail
> > folder" or "blocked by spam filters" ...
>
>I checked back with my source, and he confirms that although the
>details of Yahoo's spam filters are (not surprisingly) confidential,
>it's clear that like everyone else they both sidestream some mail into
>bulk mail folders and reject some mail outright.  See, for example,
>their page http://help.yahoo.com/help/us/mail/spam/spam-17.html at
>which gives mailers advice to keep their mail from being rejected or
>sidestreamed.

Thank you for pointing out the difference between blocking/rejection and 
moving email to bulk folders. This is an important distinction that must be 
kept in mind for the future.

>In any event, there's no shame in making the occasional mistake, so
>I'm not going to beat this particular horse any more.  But please,
>let's try not to leap to conclusions in the future.

The conclusion was not mine but rather Wired's based on a NetFrameworks's 
report. I personally was not aware that Yahoo rejects email outright, I 
though that they put ALL spam into the bulk folder.

Yakov  


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Subject: RE: [Asrg] Two ways to look at spam
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 22:24:52 -0400

At 03:35 PM 6/29/2003 -0400, Paul Judge wrote:

> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Yakov Shafranovich [mailto:research@solidmatrix.com]
> > Sent: Sunday, June 29, 2003 2:12 AM
> > To: asrg@ietf.org
> > Subject: [Asrg] Two ways to look at spam
> >
>[..]
>
> > 2. Consent - these proposals do not try to block the email at
> > the sender's
> > end, or as at being transferred over the network. Instead,
> > they concentrate
> > solely at the receiver's point.
>
>This is not the case. It is most desirable to block unwanted traffic as
>close to the source as possible. There is some difficulty in moving the
>solution closer to the source in that you are enforcing a policy for all
>downstream receivers. Careful policy expression helps here.

Can you elaborate on this point?

>Overall, I think that consent-based communication as referred to in the
>charter includes what you have referred to here as 'consent' and 'network
>abuse' models. What I think you are touching on here with these two models
>is what I refer to as local vs global spam solutions. A local solution
>refers to controlling spam for some individual or organization. I also think
>of this as providing symptom relief rather than a real cure. This is
>commonly done today with anti-spam tools deployed at the desktop, server, or
>gateway. There are a number of commercial and non-commercial solutions that
>are quite effective at 'solving the problem' for local environments.
>
>While many individuals and organizations have deployed such solutions, the
>spam problem continues to exist globally. It is even suggested that these
>local solutions have increased the global problem since spammers are sending
>more. The solution to the global problem requires an understanding of the
>adversaries and their motivation. As many have suggested, controlling spam
>globally requires reversing the spammers profit model. What I suggest that
>is different is that this does not require directly associating a cost with
>sending email.
>
>Just as in any other business, the profit in spamming is equal to revenues
>minus costs. In spamming, revenue is equal to the number of spam messages
>received times the response rate times the profit per item. Expenses include
>the cost of obtaining the lists of email addresses and the cost of sending
>the messages. The difference between the amount of spam messages sent and
>the number received is a factor of the effectiveness and deployment rate of
>anti-spam technologies. User education is able to affect the response rate
>as well as the difficulty and costs of obtaining email addresses. Besides
>providing a strong deterrence, anti-spam legislation is able to introduce
>overhead in the form of the expenses of litigation.
>
>The consent-based communications paradigm considers this and directly
>affects both the number of spam messages sent and the number received. If
>you consider this along with the taxonomy that looked at spam prevention,
>spam detection and spam response approaches, then the relationship can be
>seen between the various anti-spam system proposals, the consent-based
>communications paradigm, and global and local spam solutions.
>
>With that said, I do agree that we need to further document this framework
>to provide a clearer view as we deal with this large number of individual
>proposals. It seems that without this clarity, many are having trouble
>putting everything in context. All, please share your thoughts on this view
>of the overall framework.

The consent framework on a local level seems simpler to understand than on 
the global level. Locally the consent framework may consists of various 
components that will keep track of what the user has consented to, and what 
email he did not consent to. Some of these consent decisions may be made 
automatically based on various pieces of information such as RBLs, message 
content, C/R, etc. Some of them maybe be made manually by the user. 
However, on the global level how does is the consent framework relevant? 
Are we talking about different hosts or networks on the Internet expressing 
combined consent of their users to each other? Or are we simply talking 
about various systems that collect data to be used on the local level? The 
charter is a bit murky on this:

"Expressing consent is more straightforward on an individual basis; as the 
solution is moved closer to the source, it is more difficult to express a 
policy that satisfies all downstream receivers. "

Yakov 


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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 22:31:33 -0400

At 11:40 AM 6/30/2003 -0500, gep2@terabites.com wrote:

> > ...This can be considered a consent-based concept, as it can be a 
> parameter at
>the ISP end for each mail user. It adds quite a bit of overhead to the mail
>server as it requires two additional messages for each one sent.  I see it
>being part of the MTA process.  I send a message to someone.  The MTA
>replies to the message with a "proof of sender request, " basically a
>specially formatted email message that goes back to the server that sent it
>based on the return address.
>
>The idea sounds promising other than that initial,
>perhaps-not-quite-fatally-flawed premise.  You've fallen into a big trap that
>confuses many folks... folks who don't realize that SMTP mail servers and 
>POP3
>mail servers represent in fact two quite different entities (despite the fact
>that SMTP servers at some point talk to POP3 servers).  Specifically, at the
>sender's send, the SMTP and POP3 mail servers are not only not (usually) the
>same program, they are *quite* often not on the same machine (and 
>moreover, may
>not even be under the ownership of the same company!).
>[..]

This is also a concern with C/R since it relies on a similar approach. 
Currently I believe C/R companies such as MailBlocks are web based and thus 
all of their servers are together. Implementing this approach and C/R, 
would cost users in flexibility to be able to work with multiple servers. 
This problem might be alleviated slightly by writing a protocol for these 
servers to communicate with each other, but then all kinds of other 
problems pop up (mainly resistance to change).


>But even disregarding that problem, a more basic issue with this whole 
>avenue of
>thinking is that it has to be handled by basically the whole Net before it 
>can
>be useful... it's not a scheme (as mine is) which can be implemented
>incrementally, starting with as little as one single POP3 server.
>

Unless this POP3 server can communicate with the SMTP server. If a 
communication protocol exists, then this approach can start of with pairs 
of SMTP/POP3 servers. Another approach would be to do the verification in 
the MUA.

> > The sender's MTA responds with a "confirmation
>request"  if it did send the message and the message is now available for
>download based on moving it from the pending directory to a user directory.
>If there is no response within a certain period the message is discarded.
>It's a similar concept that I use when I get a telemarketer who I may want
>to pursue what they are selling.  I ask for their phone number and call then
>back. Granted I don't do this very often as I usually tell them to take me
>off their call list and hang up.  If this has been mentioned I apologize as
>the volume of messages is quite large on this list.
>[..]

Yes this has been mentioned prior.

>[..]
>
> > The bottom line is that consent should be easy for the general user to deal
>with and understand.
>
>On THAT part we're definitely on the same page.
>
>How about something like:
>
>mail to gep2@terabites.com
>         default
>                 allow plain ASCII
>         from cluelessaunt@aol.com
>                 allow HTML only safe
>                 allow attachments only (JPG,DOC)
>         from friend@china.net
>                 allow encoding including (base64,printable)
>         from george@arthurandersen.com
>                 allow attachments including (XLS)
>         from internalsupport@mycompany.com
>                 allow HTML including (scripting,Javascript)
>                 allow attachments including executable
>         from md5hash(reallysensitive@secretisp.gov)
>                 allow attachments including (JPG,ZIP,PGP)
>                 allow encoding including (base64)
>         from sailboatphotos@yahoogroups.com
>                 allow attachments only (JPG,DOC)
>         from statements@mybank.com
>                 allow HTML
>         from susanprogrammer@trustedcompany.com
>                 allow attachments including executable
>         from tom@adagency.com
>                 allow attachments including (TTF,GIF,DOC,PPT)
>         from trustedfriendtom@hisisp.com
>                 allow attachments
>                 allow HTML
>mail to gep2hobby@somdomain.com
>         from sailboats@yahoogroups.com
>                 allow attachments only (JPG,GIF)
>mail to gep2bot@otherdomain.com
>         from senderbot@somecompany.com
>                 allow attachments only (ZIP)
>         from otherbot@othercompany.com
>                 allow attachments only (XML,ZIP)
>
>
>Initially, this permissions list could be simply edited, although 
>longer-term it
>probably should be manipulated by incremental add/update through some kind of
>menu system, Web page, or maybe E-mailed commands.  A good implementation 
>would
>probably maintain at least two copies of the list, one a local copy on the
>user's own machine (just for a safeguard backup copy) and the other at the
>user's ISP or domain provider (wherever the filtering is going to be done).
>
>If one wanted to use hashing or something (I've hinted at that ability above)
>there are a variety of things that might be implemented there (again, we 
>don't
>need worldwide consensus for any of my proposals, since they're basically
>single-ended and only involve the recipient user and their ISP or domain
>provider).  Presumably hashing or encryption would be done, if done at 
>all, in
>whatever way would provide adequate security and not revealing secret
>information to those who shouldn't have it (and don't have it anyhow).

Lots of good ideas here.

Yakov 


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To: Bruce Stephens <Bruce.Stephens@isode.com>, asrg@ietf.org
From: Yakov Shafranovich <research@solidmatrix.com>
Subject: Re: Anticipatory whitelisting (was Re: [Asrg] Consent Proposal)
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Date: Mon, 30 Jun 2003 22:33:55 -0400

At 12:15 PM 6/27/2003 +0100, Bruce Stephens wrote:

>Barry Shein <bzs@world.std.com> writes:
>[..]
> > D. "For each email user the MUA or the ISP maintains a whitelist..."
> >
> > MUAs don't maintain whitelists, people do. And that's the crux of
> > the problem as has been shown repeatedly, people generally don't
> > know the exact details of where the confirmation of their FTC/AT&T
> > no-call list is going to come from to put them on their
> > whitelist. Etc.
>
>That's an important problem, and it's one that the IETF (or some other
>body, such as W3C) could help to solve.
>
>Something that would be helpful would be (say) and XML specification
>for small documents that web sites could offer for email lists that
>they run.  Such documents would include information about the
>originator address of email from the list (or some other kind of
>authenticator), and information for subscribing and unsubscribing from
>the list, together with information about the list (description,
>perhaps an icon that user agents can use).
>
>I've phrased that poorly in the sense that the same idea would work
>for short-term communication agreements (such as information about a
>particular order from amazon.com, say).  Some documents could specify
>an expiry time for this use.
>
>Obviously, email clients would parse such documents, and (after
>presenting the information and receiving confirmation) would be able
>to set up the whitelist (also perhaps arranging a filter to put email
>into a special folder), and then tell the originating site about the
>desire to accept communications.  (I say "email client" on the grounds
>that most people use IE/OE, so their email client is also their web
>browser.  Obviously it would be slightly more complex if the two are
>separate, but still readily doable.)
>
>I'm not sure how the information would be passed to ISPs that offer to
>do filtering.  As you say, there are privacy issues.  However, if
>these privacy issues can (to a sufficient extent) be addressed, then a
>standardised way for the permission information to be passed to ISPs
>would be valuable.
>
>Even in the absence of spam, that would be handy, since it would make
>it easy to manage mailing lists (my MUA could show me a list, and
>could automatically filter them into folders).
>[..]

This is going hand in hand with what Bob Wyman mentioned - we need to 
define what consent is, how to express it and how to make sure that various 
mail system can communicate consent between themselves.

Yakov 


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