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From: The IESG <iesg-secretary@ietf.org>
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Subject: [BEHAVE] Protocol Action: 'NAT Behavioral Requirements for TCP' 
 to BCP 
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The IESG has approved the following document:

- 'NAT Behavioral Requirements for TCP '
   <draft-ietf-behave-tcp-07.txt> as a BCP

This document is the product of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance 
Avoidance Working Group. 

The IESG contact persons are Magnus Westerlund and Lars Eggert.

A URL of this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-behave-tcp-07.txt

Technical Summary
 
This document defines a set of requirements for NATs that handle TCP
that would allow many applications, such as peer-to-peer applications
and on-line games, to work consistently.  Developing NATs that meet
this set of requirements will greatly increase the likelihood that
these applications will function properly.
 
Working Group Summary
 
This document was a product of the BEHAVE working group. There is
consensus to publish this document.
 
Protocol Quality
 
This document describes recommended practices for NATs.  Most
existing NATs already conform to these requirements.
The document has benefitted from comments and reviewes by people active in
TCPM. It was also WG last called in TCPM. IETF Last call comments has been
addressed. 

Personnel

Dan Wing is the Document Shepherd, and Magnus Westerlund is
the Responsible Area Director.



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From: Gonzalo Camarillo <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
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Hi,

> I would like to suggest that this spec could be merged into the
> main TURN spec (turn-03). Is there any reason why we need to publish
> this as a separate document?

I will leave this decision to the chairs. I am fine either way.

> Section 4.1 Allocating a Binding
> 
> The length is specified to be 8 bytes. I think this should be 4 bytes,
> as a STUN attribute specifies the number of bytes in the attribute
> *payload* excluding the 4 bytes in the STUN attribute.

True. We will fix this in the next revision of the document.

Cheers,

Gonzalo



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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Thu May 03 18:06:51 2007
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I was having lunch today with Srisuresh and we came to an interesting  
inside on how to resolve this. The important thing is not if a NAT  
thinks it's a router, host, or power tool. The important thing is  
what does an applications that receives the ICMP error does. One  
observation is that it might be that you want error codes sent to the  
inside to be different than one sent to the outside. The other  
observation is that if 9,10,13 are all soft errors - do we want a  
soft or hard error here?




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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Fri May 04 16:53:59 2007
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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'Cullen Jennings'" <fluffy@cisco.com>, "'Behave WG'" <behave@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] ICMP type 3, code 13, one more time 
Date: Fri, 4 May 2007 13:53:52 -0700
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Cullen Jennings [mailto:fluffy@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, May 03, 2007 3:07 PM
> To: Behave WG
> Subject: [BEHAVE] ICMP type 3, code 13, one more time 
> 
> 
> I was having lunch today with Srisuresh and we came to an 
> interesting  
> inside on how to resolve this. The important thing is not if a NAT  
> thinks it's a router, host, or power tool. The important thing is  
> what does an applications that receives the ICMP error does. One  
> observation is that it might be that you want error codes 
> sent to the inside to be different than one sent to the outside. 

When the NAT can't create a new mapping, the ICMP error would only be
sent to the inside.  Afterall, it's not possible to even create a 
new mapping from the outside.

> The other  
> observation is that if 9,10,13 are all soft errors - do we want a  
> soft or hard error here?

A NAT that runs out of resources (say, runs out of UDP mappings) 
seems a transient event on par with a routing error such as 
'network unreachable' (ICMP type=3, code=0), which is classified 
as a soft error.

(as individual.)

-d


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From: Cullen Jennings <fluffy@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] ICMP type 3, code 13, one more time 
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On May 4, 2007, at 1:53 PM, Dan Wing wrote:

>
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Cullen Jennings [mailto:fluffy@cisco.com]
>> Sent: Thursday, May 03, 2007 3:07 PM
>> To: Behave WG
>> Subject: [BEHAVE] ICMP type 3, code 13, one more time
>>
>>
>> I was having lunch today with Srisuresh and we came to an
>> interesting
>> inside on how to resolve this. The important thing is not if a NAT
>> thinks it's a router, host, or power tool. The important thing is
>> what does an applications that receives the ICMP error does. One
>> observation is that it might be that you want error codes
>> sent to the inside to be different than one sent to the outside.
>
> When the NAT can't create a new mapping, the ICMP error would only be
> sent to the inside.  Afterall, it's not possible to even create a
> new mapping from the outside.

Good point - I don't know what happened to my brain :-)


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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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To: behave@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Comments on turn-ipv6
Date: Mon, 7 May 2007 13:28:52 +0300
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	Hello,

On Thursday 03 May 2007 14:12:46 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
> > I would like to suggest that this spec could be merged into the
> > main TURN spec (turn-03). Is there any reason why we need to publish
> > this as a separate document?
>
> I will leave this decision to the chairs. I am fine either way.

In light of the ICE, ANAT, and addrsel (RFC3484) debate, I daresay that the=
=20
idea of a "REQUEST-ADDRESS-TYPE" might be too simplistic or suboptimal.

I would feel that for RFC3484 to operate best, and in particular, to cover =
the=20
case where it is not known whether the other end has v4, v6 or both, it mig=
ht=20
make much more sense for the TURN relay to offer a list of possible=20
addresses. In fact, from RFC3484/addrsel perspective, it should include at=
=20
least one address for each of the label that are defined (so long as it has=
=20
one of course). Note that it might have to put *several* IPv6 addresses=20
there, so REQUEST-ADDRESS-TYPE is insufficient.

What about not changing anything the Allocate Request, and a new optional=20
attribute in the Allocate Response listing the IPv6 addresses offered by th=
e=20
relay?

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Extension to the Simple Traversal Underneath NAT (STUN) Relay Usage for IPv4/IPv6 Transition
	Author(s)	: G. Camarillo, O. Novo
	Filename	: draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 2007-5-7
	
This document defines the REQUESTED-ADDRESS-TYPE attribute for the
   Simple Traversal Underneath NAT (STUN) Relay Usage, which allows a
   client to explicitly request the address type the STUN relay server
   will allocate (e.g., an IPv4-only node may request the STUN relay
   server to allocate an IPv6 address).  Additionally, this document
   also defines a new error response code with the value 440 (Address
   Family not Supported).

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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 09 09:21:30 2007
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From: =?utf-8?q?R=C3=A9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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	Hello,

On Tuesday 08 May 2007 01:50:02 ext behave-bounces@ietf.org wrote:
> This document defines the REQUESTED-ADDRESS-TYPE attribute for the
>    Simple Traversal Underneath NAT (STUN) Relay Usage, which allows a
>    client to explicitly request the address type the STUN relay server
>    will allocate (e.g., an IPv4-only node may request the STUN relay
>    server to allocate an IPv6 address).  Additionally, this document
>    also defines a new error response code with the value 440 (Address
>    Family not Supported).

A few notes:

1/ Format for the family parameter within the attribute is not consistent w=
ith=20
that used in STUN (XOR-)MAPPED-ADDRESS et al, where it consists of a single=
=20
byte. Is there any reason for this?

2/ In my humble opinion, the address family numbers should simply refer to =
the=20
base STUN spec instead of redefining the same values... so we do not need t=
o=20
duplicate effort if we ever were to define new families (HIP?).

3/ I might have missed it, but what is the request address type is absent?=
=20
Should the default be "always IPv4", or "protocol through which the server=
=20
received the Allocate Request" ? I would assume "always IPv4" is better,=20
consistent with RFC3489bis insistance that there might be IPv4-to-IPv6 or=20
IPv6-to-IPv4 translation middleboxes.

4/ As I already pointed out earlier, the current TURN-IPv6 model does not=20
quite seem to fit with RFC3484, ICE and/or ANAT. I'd rather expect the serv=
er=20
returns a list of possible addresses, one per RFC3484 label, as far as it h=
as=20
such an address.

Regards,

=2D-=20
R=C3=A9mi Denis-Courmont


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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
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This draft is a work item of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Multicast Requirements for a Network Address Port Translator (NAPT)
	Author(s)	: D. Wing
	Filename	: draft-ietf-behave-multicast-05.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 2007-5-10
	
This document specifies requirements for a Network Address Translator
   (NAT) and Network Address and Port Translator (NAPT) that supports
   any-source multicast or single-source multicast.  A multicast-capable
   NAPT device that adheres to the requirements of this document can
   optimize the operation of multicast applications that are generally
   unaware of multicast NAPT devices.

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This is a significant rewrite from previous versions and includes all of the
feedback I had received.  The new version covers any-source multicast,
source-specific multicast and IGMPv1-v3.

  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-behave-multicast-05.txt

-d


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Date: Thu, 10 May 2007 21:17:20 -0700
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...
> 4/ As I already pointed out earlier, the current TURN-IPv6 
> model does not quite seem to fit with RFC3484, ICE and/or ANAT. 
> I'd rather expect the server 
> returns a list of possible addresses, one per RFC3484 label, 
> as far as it has such an address.

I expect this could that be accomplished by returning multiple RELAY-ADDRESS
attributes, yes?

I don't the need to return the TURN server's RFC3484 label itself, though --
is that necessary?

-d


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Fri May 11 03:46:11 2007
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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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To: "ext Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
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On Friday 11 May 2007 07:17:20 ext Dan Wing wrote:
> > 4/ As I already pointed out earlier, the current TURN-IPv6
> > model does not quite seem to fit with RFC3484, ICE and/or ANAT.
> > I'd rather expect the server
> > returns a list of possible addresses, one per RFC3484 label,
> > as far as it has such an address.
>
> I expect this could that be accomplished by returning multiple
> RELAY-ADDRESS attributes, yes?

I have seen several STUN implementations that can only handle one attribute=
 of=20
any given type per message, but otherwise that should work.

> I don't the need to return the TURN server's RFC3484 label itself, though
> -- is that necessary?

No, of course not. Labels depend on the local system configuration anyway,=
=20
that was only a hint that, in view of RFC3484, it would be better to not on=
ly=20
give a native IPv6 address, but also (if one is available), say a 6to4=20
address, an ULA, and so on...

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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On Friday 11 May 2007 02:28:57 ext Dan Wing wrote:
> This is a significant rewrite from previous versions and includes all of
> the feedback I had received.  The new version covers any-source multicast,
> source-specific multicast and IGMPv1-v3.

Most likely a typing error at =A7 4.2 w.r.t. IMGP versions.

Regards,

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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To: "=?iso-8859-1?Q?'R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont'?=" <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt
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> On Friday 11 May 2007 07:17:20 ext Dan Wing wrote:
> > > 4/ As I already pointed out earlier, the current TURN-IPv6
> > > model does not quite seem to fit with RFC3484, ICE and/or ANAT.
> > > I'd rather expect the server
> > > returns a list of possible addresses, one per RFC3484 label,
> > > as far as it has such an address.
> >
> > I expect this could that be accomplished by returning multiple
> > RELAY-ADDRESS attributes, yes?
> 
> I have seen several STUN implementations that can only handle 
> one attribute of any given type per message, but otherwise 
> that should work.

We can restrict the TURN server's retuning of multiple 
RELAY-ADDRESSes so they are only returned if the STUN client 
included the Magic Cookie value (which indicates the STUN client 
is rfc3489bis compliant, rather than rfc3489 compliant).

> > I don't the need to return the TURN server's RFC3484 label 
> > itself, though -- is that necessary?
> 
> No, of course not. Labels depend on the local system 
> configuration anyway, that was only a hint that, in view of 
> RFC3484, it would be better to not only give a native IPv6 
> address, but also (if one is available), say a 6to4 
> address, an ULA, and so on...

But could an ICE endpoint find such information useful in prioritizing or
preferring different addresses?

-d


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Sat May 12 12:39:53 2007
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Subject: [BEHAVE] draft-ietf-avt-rtp-and-rtcp-mux-04.txt
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The subject draft describes procedures for multiplexing RTP and RTCP over a 
single port. This may be of interest to members of the BEHAVE Working Group 
because it should simplify NAT traversal for RTP-based media streams. The draft 
has already passed AVT WGLC, but if anyone has any comments please send them to 
the AVT Chairs <avt-chairs@tools.ietf.org> and/or the AVT list <avt@ietf.org> 
and they will be passed on as required.

Tom Taylor


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Mon May 14 02:17:26 2007
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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia TP-SP-SWD
To: "ext Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt
Date: Mon, 14 May 2007 09:17:06 +0300
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On Friday 11 May 2007 21:54:10 ext Dan Wing wrote:
> > On Friday 11 May 2007 07:17:20 ext Dan Wing wrote:
> > > > 4/ As I already pointed out earlier, the current TURN-IPv6
> > > > model does not quite seem to fit with RFC3484, ICE and/or ANAT.
> > > > I'd rather expect the server
> > > > returns a list of possible addresses, one per RFC3484 label,
> > > > as far as it has such an address.
> > >
> > > I expect this could that be accomplished by returning multiple
> > > RELAY-ADDRESS attributes, yes?
> >
> > I have seen several STUN implementations that can only handle
> > one attribute of any given type per message, but otherwise
> > that should work.
>
> We can restrict the TURN server's retuning of multiple
> RELAY-ADDRESSes so they are only returned if the STUN client
> included the Magic Cookie value (which indicates the STUN client
> is rfc3489bis compliant, rather than rfc3489 compliant).

Well, I meant some STUN parsers, regardless of RFC3489 or RFC3489bis. If we=
 go=20
that route, I believe RFC3489bis will need some more explicit note that an=
=20
implementation must be able to handle duplicate attribute types.

> > > I don't the need to return the TURN server's RFC3484 label
> > > itself, though -- is that necessary?
> >
> > No, of course not. Labels depend on the local system
> > configuration anyway, that was only a hint that, in view of
> > RFC3484, it would be better to not only give a native IPv6
> > address, but also (if one is available), say a 6to4
> > address, an ULA, and so on...
>
> But could an ICE endpoint find such information useful in prioritizing or
> preferring different addresses?

One obvious benefit to this approach compared to the REQUEST-ADDRESS-TYPE=20
approach is that it avoids duplicating the TURN state machine (and RTT) on=
=20
both the TURN client and the TURN server if the client is dual-stack.

The usefulness of getting both an IPv4 and a IPv6 address looks obvious: AN=
AT=20
needs that, and ICE-to-replace-ANAT will need it too. As for including a 6t=
o4=20
or Teredo address in addition to a native IPv6, it avoids "quadrangular"=20
routing such as this:

TURN client
  exchanges packets over NATed IPv4 with
TURN server, which
  exchanges packets over native IPv6 with
6to4 relay, which
  exchanges packets over proto-41 with
Peer

and does that instead:

TURN client
  exchanges packets over NATed IPv4 with
TURN server, which servers as its own 6to4 relay
  exchanges packets over proto-41 with
Peer

But maybe I am too optimistic as too how well ICE will pair candidates. Ind=
eed=20
IETF hasn't defined an API for RFC3484 :(

Regards,

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 16 01:59:21 2007
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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia TP-SP-SWD
To: "ext Oscar Novo (JO/LMF)" <oscar.novo@ericsson.com>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt
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On Tuesday 15 May 2007 17:17:05 ext Oscar Novo (JO/LMF) wrote:
> 1/ Format for the family parameter within the attribute is not consistent
> with that used in STUN (XOR-)MAPPED-ADDRESS et al, where it consists of a
> single byte. Is there any reason for this?
>
> [ON] We can change the family parameter to a single byte to be consistent
> with the MAPPED-ADDRESS.
>
> 2/ In my humble opinion, the address family numbers should simply refer to
> the base STUN spec instead of redefining the same values... so we do not
> need to duplicate effort if we ever were to define new families (HIP?).
>
> [ON] STUN spec does not define any number for IPv6. It only defines the
> number for IPv4.

=46rom draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06 =A711.1:

   The address family can take on the following values:

   0x01:IPv4
   0x02:IPv6

I assume TURN-IPv6 depends on rfc3489bis due to depending on STUN Relay=20
Usage/TURN.

> 3/ I might have missed it, but what is the request address type is absent?
> Should the default be "always IPv4", or "protocol through which the server
> received the Allocate Request" ? I would assume "always IPv4" is better,
> consistent with RFC3489bis insistance that there might be IPv4-to-IPv6 or
> IPv6-to-IPv4 translation middleboxes.
>
> [ON] This draft defines a new attribute for STUN. If that attribute is
> absented you should follow the STUN spec and assume always IPv4.

The same RFC3489bis section says:

   It is possible for an IPv4 host to receive a MAPPED-ADDRESS
   containing an IPv6 address, or for an IPv6 host to receive a MAPPED-
   ADDRESS containing an IPv4 address.  Clients MUST be prepared for
   this case.

So this does not seem all that obvious to me. I however agree that it shoul=
d=20
be IPv4 by default EVEN IF the Allocate Request came through IPv6, to avoid=
=20
problems with any kind of IPv4-to-IPv6 translation on the path.

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 16 14:36:25 2007
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--===============1449672551==
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; 
	boundary="----=_Part_13245_17192589.1179340577334"

------=_Part_13245_17192589.1179340577334
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As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to be a little
opaque.  Is the diagram a format that's in common use, and I just haven't
seen it?  Why does it start with M11 and opposed to M0, reading from left to
right?

I understand the unique location of the class bits is for backwards
compatibility, but I just found it difficult to quickly grok where I should
put those darn bits for the field as a whole (C1 and C0 weren't the
confusing part).  The "1" and "0" on the second line appear to be there to
keep everything aligned, but couldn't there just an extra space after those
two "M"s, as in:

+--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M|
|11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|
+--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious bits.  I also
still don't understand why it doesn't start with 0 reading from left to
right.

Thanks.

-Adam

------=_Part_13245_17192589.1179340577334
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
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<span class="gmail_quote"></span>As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to be a little opaque.&nbsp; Is the diagram a format that&#39;s in common use, and I just haven&#39;t seen it?&nbsp; Why does it start with M11 and opposed to M0, reading from left to right?&nbsp; 
<br><br>I understand the unique location of the class bits is for backwards compatibility, but I just found it difficult to quickly grok where I should put those darn bits for the field as a whole (C1 and C0 weren&#39;t the confusing part).&nbsp; The &quot;1&quot; and &quot;0&quot; on the second line appear to be there to keep everything aligned, but couldn&#39;t there just an extra space after those two &quot;M&quot;s, as in:
<br><br><span style="font-family: courier new,monospace;">+--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+</span><br style="font-family: courier new,monospace;"><span style="font-family: courier new,monospace;">|M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M|
</span><br style="font-family: courier new,monospace;"><span style="font-family: courier new,monospace;">|11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|</span><br style="font-family: courier new,monospace;"><span style="font-family: courier new,monospace;">
+--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+</span><br><br>I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious bits.&nbsp; I also still don&#39;t understand why it doesn&#39;t start with 0 reading from left to right.
<br><br>Thanks.<br><span class="sg"><br>-Adam<br>
</span>

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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 16 14:47:06 2007
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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'Adam Fisk'" <adamfisk@gmail.com>, <behave@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
Date: Wed, 16 May 2007 11:47:01 -0700
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I agree your figure is easier to read.  We'll adopt that for the next
revision of rfc3489bis.  

I don't understand, though, why you would want to reverse the bit numbering?

-d


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 11:36 AM
> To: behave@ietf.org
> Subject: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
> 
> As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to 
> be a little opaque.  Is the diagram a format that's in common 
> use, and I just haven't seen it?  Why does it start with M11 
> and opposed to M0, reading from left to right?  
> 
> I understand the unique location of the class bits is for 
> backwards compatibility, but I just found it difficult to 
> quickly grok where I should put those darn bits for the field 
> as a whole (C1 and C0 weren't the confusing part).  The "1" 
> and "0" on the second line appear to be there to keep 
> everything aligned, but couldn't there just an extra space 
> after those two "M"s, as in: 
> 
> +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> |M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M| 
> |11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|
> +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> 
> I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious 
> bits.  I also still don't understand why it doesn't start 
> with 0 reading from left to right. 
> 
> Thanks.
> 
> -Adam
> 
> 


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From: "Adam Fisk" <adamfisk@gmail.com>
To: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
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I guess I'm asking a question as much as suggesting a revision with the bit
numbering.  Since bit twiddling is right up there with complicated threading
as far as making my head hurt quickly, I'll be explicit.  In my
understanding, a binding request is:

0x0001

and a successful binding response is:

0x0101

Assuming that's right, I guess I just think of numbering of the bits as
moving from left to right, much as it does in the previous diagram "Figure
2: Format of a STUN Message Header" right above the one in question.  I
guess the "11" is to signify that it's the most significant bit?  Maybe
that's seen as helpful in the subsequent discussion of the class numbering?

Please forgive me if I'm just confused.

-Adam


On 5/16/07, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:
>
> I agree your figure is easier to read.  We'll adopt that for the next
> revision of rfc3489bis.
>
> I don't understand, though, why you would want to reverse the bit
> numbering?
>
> -d
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com]
> > Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 11:36 AM
> > To: behave@ietf.org
> > Subject: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
> >
> > As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to
> > be a little opaque.  Is the diagram a format that's in common
> > use, and I just haven't seen it?  Why does it start with M11
> > and opposed to M0, reading from left to right?
> >
> > I understand the unique location of the class bits is for
> > backwards compatibility, but I just found it difficult to
> > quickly grok where I should put those darn bits for the field
> > as a whole (C1 and C0 weren't the confusing part).  The "1"
> > and "0" on the second line appear to be there to keep
> > everything aligned, but couldn't there just an extra space
> > after those two "M"s, as in:
> >
> > +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> > |M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M|
> > |11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|
> > +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >
> > I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious
> > bits.  I also still don't understand why it doesn't start
> > with 0 reading from left to right.
> >
> > Thanks.
> >
> > -Adam
> >
> >
>

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I guess I&#39;m asking a question as much as suggesting a revision with the bit numbering.&nbsp; Since bit twiddling is right up there with complicated threading as far as making my head hurt quickly, I&#39;ll be explicit.&nbsp; In my understanding, a binding request is:
<br><br>0x0001<br><br>and a successful binding response is:<br><br>0x0101<br><br>Assuming that&#39;s right, I guess I just think of numbering of the bits as moving from left to right, much as it does in the previous diagram &quot;Figure 2: Format of a STUN Message Header&quot; right above the one in question.&nbsp; I guess the &quot;11&quot; is to signify that it&#39;s the most significant bit?&nbsp; Maybe that&#39;s seen as helpful in the subsequent discussion of the class numbering?
<br><br>Please forgive me if I&#39;m just confused.<br><br>-Adam<br><br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 5/16/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Dan Wing</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:dwing@cisco.com">dwing@cisco.com</a>&gt; wrote:
</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">I agree your figure is easier to read.&nbsp;&nbsp;We&#39;ll adopt that for the next<br>revision of rfc3489bis.
<br><br>I don&#39;t understand, though, why you would want to reverse the bit numbering?<br><br>-d<br><br><br>&gt; -----Original Message-----<br>&gt; From: Adam Fisk [mailto:<a href="mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com">adamfisk@gmail.com
</a>]<br>&gt; Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 11:36 AM<br>&gt; To: <a href="mailto:behave@ietf.org">behave@ietf.org</a><br>&gt; Subject: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt<br>&gt;<br>&gt; As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to
<br>&gt; be a little opaque.&nbsp;&nbsp;Is the diagram a format that&#39;s in common<br>&gt; use, and I just haven&#39;t seen it?&nbsp;&nbsp;Why does it start with M11<br>&gt; and opposed to M0, reading from left to right?<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I understand the unique location of the class bits is for
<br>&gt; backwards compatibility, but I just found it difficult to<br>&gt; quickly grok where I should put those darn bits for the field<br>&gt; as a whole (C1 and C0 weren&#39;t the confusing part).&nbsp;&nbsp;The &quot;1&quot;<br>
&gt; and &quot;0&quot; on the second line appear to be there to keep<br>&gt; everything aligned, but couldn&#39;t there just an extra space<br>&gt; after those two &quot;M&quot;s, as in:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
<br>&gt; |M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M|<br>&gt; |11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|<br>&gt; +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious<br>&gt; bits.&nbsp;&nbsp;I also still don&#39;t understand why it doesn&#39;t start
<br>&gt; with 0 reading from left to right.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Thanks.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; -Adam<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br></blockquote></div><br>

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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'Adam Fisk'" <adamfisk@gmail.com>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 12:25 PM
> To: Dan Wing
> Cc: behave@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] message type in 
> draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
> 
> I guess I'm asking a question as much as suggesting a 
> revision with the bit numbering.  Since bit twiddling is 
> right up there with complicated threading as far as making my 
> head hurt quickly, I'll be explicit.  In my understanding, a 
> binding request is: 
> 
> 0x0001

Yes, C=00, and M=000000000001

> and a successful binding response is:
> 
> 0x0101

Yes, C=1, and M=000000000001.  The on-the-wire representation would be
100000001 which is 0x0101 in hex.  Google has a hex calculator with more
binary digits than my old TI calculator,
http://www.google.com/search?q=0b100000001+in+hex

> Assuming that's right, I guess I just think of numbering of 
> the bits as moving from left to right, much as it does in the 
> previous diagram "Figure 2: Format of a STUN Message Header" 
> right above the one in question.  I guess the "11" is to 
> signify that it's the most significant bit? 

Correct.

> Maybe that's 
> seen as helpful in the subsequent discussion of the class numbering? 
> 
> Please forgive me if I'm just confused.

If you're confused, the text or figure needs improvement or needs an
example.  This isn't the first time this was brought up.  It is
unfortunately unavoidable at this point and is a pain.

Would C examples, such as from
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/behave/current/msg01955.html, be
helpful?  I expect we could put that into an appendix.

-d


> -Adam
> 
> 
> 
> On 5/16/07, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote: 
> 
> 	I agree your figure is easier to read.  We'll adopt 
> that for the next
> 	revision of rfc3489bis. 
> 	
> 	I don't understand, though, why you would want to 
> reverse the bit numbering?
> 	
> 	-d
> 	
> 	
> 	> -----Original Message-----
> 	> From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com ]
> 	> Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 11:36 AM
> 	> To: behave@ietf.org
> 	> Subject: [BEHAVE] message type in 
> draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
> 	>
> 	> As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to 
> 	> be a little opaque.  Is the diagram a format that's in common
> 	> use, and I just haven't seen it?  Why does it start with M11
> 	> and opposed to M0, reading from left to right?
> 	>
> 	> I understand the unique location of the class bits is for 
> 	> backwards compatibility, but I just found it difficult to
> 	> quickly grok where I should put those darn bits for the field
> 	> as a whole (C1 and C0 weren't the confusing part).  The "1"
> 	> and "0" on the second line appear to be there to keep
> 	> everything aligned, but couldn't there just an extra space
> 	> after those two "M"s, as in:
> 	>
> 	> +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 
> 	> |M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M|
> 	> |11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|
> 	> +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> 	>
> 	> I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious
> 	> bits.  I also still don't understand why it doesn't start 
> 	> with 0 reading from left to right.
> 	>
> 	> Thanks.
> 	>
> 	> -Adam
> 	>
> 	>
> 	
> 
> 
> 


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 16 16:38:34 2007
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From: Parakram Khandpur <Parakram.Khandpur@microsoft.com>
To: "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 16 May 2007 13:38:23 -0700
Thread-Topic: Looking for data on NAT deployments in home scenarios
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Subject: [BEHAVE] Looking for data on NAT deployments in home scenarios
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Hi
I am looking to get some data on NAT deployments in home scenarios. Specifi=
cally, I'm trying to find out the %age numbers (or even a qualitative measu=
re) for the scenario where there are multiple network subnets or multilevel=
 NAT'ing within the same home. One possible way of having multiple subnets/=
multilevel NAT'ing would be if a user buys a wireless router and plugs its =
WAN port into the one of the LAN ports of an existing wired router.

Thanks
-Parakram

-----Original Message-----
From: Dan Wing [mailto:dwing@cisco.com]
Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 12:56 PM
To: 'Adam Fisk'
Cc: behave@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 12:25 PM
> To: Dan Wing
> Cc: behave@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] message type in
> draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
>
> I guess I'm asking a question as much as suggesting a
> revision with the bit numbering.  Since bit twiddling is
> right up there with complicated threading as far as making my
> head hurt quickly, I'll be explicit.  In my understanding, a
> binding request is:
>
> 0x0001

Yes, C=3D00, and M=3D000000000001

> and a successful binding response is:
>
> 0x0101

Yes, C=3D1, and M=3D000000000001.  The on-the-wire representation would be
100000001 which is 0x0101 in hex.  Google has a hex calculator with more
binary digits than my old TI calculator,
http://www.google.com/search?q=3D0b100000001+in+hex

> Assuming that's right, I guess I just think of numbering of
> the bits as moving from left to right, much as it does in the
> previous diagram "Figure 2: Format of a STUN Message Header"
> right above the one in question.  I guess the "11" is to
> signify that it's the most significant bit?

Correct.

> Maybe that's
> seen as helpful in the subsequent discussion of the class numbering?
>
> Please forgive me if I'm just confused.

If you're confused, the text or figure needs improvement or needs an
example.  This isn't the first time this was brought up.  It is
unfortunately unavoidable at this point and is a pain.

Would C examples, such as from
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/behave/current/msg01955.html, be
helpful?  I expect we could put that into an appendix.

-d


> -Adam
>
>
>
> On 5/16/07, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:
>
>       I agree your figure is easier to read.  We'll adopt
> that for the next
>       revision of rfc3489bis.
>
>       I don't understand, though, why you would want to
> reverse the bit numbering?
>
>       -d
>
>
>       > -----Original Message-----
>       > From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com ]
>       > Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 11:36 AM
>       > To: behave@ietf.org
>       > Subject: [BEHAVE] message type in
> draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
>       >
>       > As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to
>       > be a little opaque.  Is the diagram a format that's in common
>       > use, and I just haven't seen it?  Why does it start with M11
>       > and opposed to M0, reading from left to right?
>       >
>       > I understand the unique location of the class bits is for
>       > backwards compatibility, but I just found it difficult to
>       > quickly grok where I should put those darn bits for the field
>       > as a whole (C1 and C0 weren't the confusing part).  The "1"
>       > and "0" on the second line appear to be there to keep
>       > everything aligned, but couldn't there just an extra space
>       > after those two "M"s, as in:
>       >
>       > +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       > |M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M|
>       > |11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|
>       > +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       >
>       > I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious
>       > bits.  I also still don't understand why it doesn't start
>       > with 0 reading from left to right.
>       >
>       > Thanks.
>       >
>       > -Adam
>       >
>       >
>
>
>
>


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 16 18:26:47 2007
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Date: Wed, 16 May 2007 18:26:43 -0400
From: "Adam Fisk" <adamfisk@gmail.com>
To: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
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I think just one example would do wonders, Dan, yeah.  The earlier thread
you referenced was useful in verifying I was reading the diagram correctly,
but it seems like overkill for the draft itself.

Just having the example of a successful binding response as 0x0101 would
have been sufficient to move me along a little faster, or any example along
those lines.

Thanks very much.

-Adam


On 5/16/07, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:
>
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com]
> > Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 12:25 PM
> > To: Dan Wing
> > Cc: behave@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] message type in
> > draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
> >
> > I guess I'm asking a question as much as suggesting a
> > revision with the bit numbering.  Since bit twiddling is
> > right up there with complicated threading as far as making my
> > head hurt quickly, I'll be explicit.  In my understanding, a
> > binding request is:
> >
> > 0x0001
>
> Yes, C=00, and M=000000000001
>
> > and a successful binding response is:
> >
> > 0x0101
>
> Yes, C=1, and M=000000000001.  The on-the-wire representation would be
> 100000001 which is 0x0101 in hex.  Google has a hex calculator with more
> binary digits than my old TI calculator,
> http://www.google.com/search?q=0b100000001+in+hex
>
> > Assuming that's right, I guess I just think of numbering of
> > the bits as moving from left to right, much as it does in the
> > previous diagram "Figure 2: Format of a STUN Message Header"
> > right above the one in question.  I guess the "11" is to
> > signify that it's the most significant bit?
>
> Correct.
>
> > Maybe that's
> > seen as helpful in the subsequent discussion of the class numbering?
> >
> > Please forgive me if I'm just confused.
>
> If you're confused, the text or figure needs improvement or needs an
> example.  This isn't the first time this was brought up.  It is
> unfortunately unavoidable at this point and is a pain.
>
> Would C examples, such as from
> http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/behave/current/msg01955.html, be
> helpful?  I expect we could put that into an appendix.
>
> -d
>
>
> > -Adam
> >
> >
> >
> > On 5/16/07, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:
> >
> >       I agree your figure is easier to read.  We'll adopt
> > that for the next
> >       revision of rfc3489bis.
> >
> >       I don't understand, though, why you would want to
> > reverse the bit numbering?
> >
> >       -d
> >
> >
> >       > -----Original Message-----
> >       > From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com ]
> >       > Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 11:36 AM
> >       > To: behave@ietf.org
> >       > Subject: [BEHAVE] message type in
> > draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
> >       >
> >       > As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to
> >       > be a little opaque.  Is the diagram a format that's in common
> >       > use, and I just haven't seen it?  Why does it start with M11
> >       > and opposed to M0, reading from left to right?
> >       >
> >       > I understand the unique location of the class bits is for
> >       > backwards compatibility, but I just found it difficult to
> >       > quickly grok where I should put those darn bits for the field
> >       > as a whole (C1 and C0 weren't the confusing part).  The "1"
> >       > and "0" on the second line appear to be there to keep
> >       > everything aligned, but couldn't there just an extra space
> >       > after those two "M"s, as in:
> >       >
> >       > +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       > |M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M|
> >       > |11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|
> >       > +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       >
> >       > I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious
> >       > bits.  I also still don't understand why it doesn't start
> >       > with 0 reading from left to right.
> >       >
> >       > Thanks.
> >       >
> >       > -Adam
> >       >
> >       >
> >
> >
> >
> >
>

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I think just one example would do wonders, Dan, yeah.&nbsp; The earlier thread you referenced was useful in verifying I was reading the diagram correctly, but it seems like overkill for the draft itself.&nbsp; <br><br>Just having the example of a successful binding response as 0x0101 would have been sufficient to move me along a little faster, or any example along those lines.
<br><br>Thanks very much.<br><br>-Adam<br><br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 5/16/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Dan Wing</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:dwing@cisco.com">dwing@cisco.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<br><br>&gt; -----Original Message-----<br>&gt; From: Adam Fisk [mailto:<a href="mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com">adamfisk@gmail.com</a>]<br>&gt; Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 12:25 PM<br>&gt; To: Dan Wing<br>&gt; Cc: <a href="mailto:behave@ietf.org">
behave@ietf.org</a><br>&gt; Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] message type in<br>&gt; draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I guess I&#39;m asking a question as much as suggesting a<br>&gt; revision with the bit numbering.&nbsp;&nbsp;Since bit twiddling is
<br>&gt; right up there with complicated threading as far as making my<br>&gt; head hurt quickly, I&#39;ll be explicit.&nbsp;&nbsp;In my understanding, a<br>&gt; binding request is:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; 0x0001<br><br>Yes, C=00, and M=000000000001
<br><br>&gt; and a successful binding response is:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; 0x0101<br><br>Yes, C=1, and M=000000000001.&nbsp;&nbsp;The on-the-wire representation would be<br>100000001 which is 0x0101 in hex.&nbsp;&nbsp;Google has a hex calculator with more
<br>binary digits than my old TI calculator,<br><a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=0b100000001+in+hex">http://www.google.com/search?q=0b100000001+in+hex</a><br><br>&gt; Assuming that&#39;s right, I guess I just think of numbering of
<br>&gt; the bits as moving from left to right, much as it does in the<br>&gt; previous diagram &quot;Figure 2: Format of a STUN Message Header&quot;<br>&gt; right above the one in question.&nbsp;&nbsp;I guess the &quot;11&quot; is to
<br>&gt; signify that it&#39;s the most significant bit?<br><br>Correct.<br><br>&gt; Maybe that&#39;s<br>&gt; seen as helpful in the subsequent discussion of the class numbering?<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Please forgive me if I&#39;m just confused.
<br><br>If you&#39;re confused, the text or figure needs improvement or needs an<br>example.&nbsp;&nbsp;This isn&#39;t the first time this was brought up.&nbsp;&nbsp;It is<br>unfortunately unavoidable at this point and is a pain.<br><br>Would C examples, such as from
<br><a href="http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/behave/current/msg01955.html">http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/behave/current/msg01955.html</a>, be<br>helpful?&nbsp;&nbsp;I expect we could put that into an appendix.<br><br>
-d<br><br><br>&gt; -Adam<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt; On 5/16/07, Dan Wing &lt;<a href="mailto:dwing@cisco.com">dwing@cisco.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I agree your figure is easier to read.&nbsp;&nbsp;We&#39;ll adopt
<br>&gt; that for the next<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; revision of rfc3489bis.<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I don&#39;t understand, though, why you would want to<br>&gt; reverse the bit numbering?<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -d<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; -----Original Message-----
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; From: Adam Fisk [mailto:<a href="mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com">adamfisk@gmail.com</a> ]<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 11:36 AM<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; To: <a href="mailto:behave@ietf.org">behave@ietf.org
</a><br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; Subject: [BEHAVE] message type in<br>&gt; draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; As others have mentioned, I found the Message Type section to<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; be a little opaque.&nbsp;&nbsp;Is the diagram a format that&#39;s in common
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; use, and I just haven&#39;t seen it?&nbsp;&nbsp;Why does it start with M11<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; and opposed to M0, reading from left to right?<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; I understand the unique location of the class bits is for
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; backwards compatibility, but I just found it difficult to<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; quickly grok where I should put those darn bits for the field<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; as a whole (C1 and C0 weren&#39;t the confusing part).&nbsp;&nbsp;The &quot;1&quot;
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; and &quot;0&quot; on the second line appear to be there to keep<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; everything aligned, but couldn&#39;t there just an extra space<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; after those two &quot;M&quot;s, as in:
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; |M |M |M|M|M|C|M|M|M|C|M|M|M|M|<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; |11|10|9|8|7|1|6|5|4|0|3|2|1|0|<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; +--+--+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; I at first thought the extra lines signified extra mysterious<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; bits.&nbsp;&nbsp;I also still don&#39;t understand why it doesn&#39;t start<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; with 0 reading from left to right.
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; Thanks.<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt; -Adam<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br></blockquote></div><br>

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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Thu May 17 10:26:26 2007
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Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt
Date: Wed, 16 May 2007 09:11:36 +0200
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From: "Oscar Novo \(JO/LMF\)" <oscar.novo@ericsson.com>
To: =?iso-8859-1?Q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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Thanks for your feedback. My previous comments referred to STUN Relay =
Usage/TURN, not to 3489bis but you're right TURN-IPv6 should be =
consistent with 3489bis as well. I'll work in a new version of the draft =
and I will send it to the list in brief.

Oscar=20

-----Original Message-----
From: R=E9mi Denis-Courmont [mailto:remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com]=20
Sent: 16. toukokuuta 2007 8:59
To: Oscar Novo (JO/LMF)
Cc: behave@ietf.org; Gonzalo Camarillo (JO/LMF)
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt

On Tuesday 15 May 2007 17:17:05 ext Oscar Novo (JO/LMF) wrote:
> 1/ Format for the family parameter within the attribute is not=20
> consistent with that used in STUN (XOR-)MAPPED-ADDRESS et al, where it =

> consists of a single byte. Is there any reason for this?
>
> [ON] We can change the family parameter to a single byte to be=20
> consistent with the MAPPED-ADDRESS.
>
> 2/ In my humble opinion, the address family numbers should simply=20
> refer to the base STUN spec instead of redefining the same values...=20
> so we do not need to duplicate effort if we ever were to define new =
families (HIP?).
>
> [ON] STUN spec does not define any number for IPv6. It only defines=20
> the number for IPv4.

>From draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06 =A711.1:

   The address family can take on the following values:

   0x01:IPv4
   0x02:IPv6

I assume TURN-IPv6 depends on rfc3489bis due to depending on STUN Relay =
Usage/TURN.

> 3/ I might have missed it, but what is the request address type is =
absent?
> Should the default be "always IPv4", or "protocol through which the=20
> server received the Allocate Request" ? I would assume "always IPv4"=20
> is better, consistent with RFC3489bis insistance that there might be=20
> IPv4-to-IPv6 or
> IPv6-to-IPv4 translation middleboxes.
>
> [ON] This draft defines a new attribute for STUN. If that attribute is =

> absented you should follow the STUN spec and assume always IPv4.

The same RFC3489bis section says:

   It is possible for an IPv4 host to receive a MAPPED-ADDRESS
   containing an IPv6 address, or for an IPv6 host to receive a MAPPED-
   ADDRESS containing an IPv4 address.  Clients MUST be prepared for
   this case.

So this does not seem all that obvious to me. I however agree that it =
should be IPv4 by default EVEN IF the Allocate Request came through =
IPv6, to avoid problems with any kind of IPv4-to-IPv6 translation on the =
path.

--
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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Hello R=E9mi,

Thanks for your comments, some more comments inline=20

Cheers,

Oscar

-----Original Message-----
From: R=E9mi Denis-Courmont [mailto:remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com]=20
Sent: 9. toukokuuta 2007 16:21
To: behave@ietf.org; Gonzalo Camarillo (JO/LMF); Oscar Novo (JO/LMF)
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt

	Hello,

On Tuesday 08 May 2007 01:50:02 ext behave-bounces@ietf.org wrote:
> This document defines the REQUESTED-ADDRESS-TYPE attribute for the
>    Simple Traversal Underneath NAT (STUN) Relay Usage, which allows a
>    client to explicitly request the address type the STUN relay server
>    will allocate (e.g., an IPv4-only node may request the STUN relay
>    server to allocate an IPv6 address).  Additionally, this document
>    also defines a new error response code with the value 440 (Address
>    Family not Supported).

A few notes:

1/ Format for the family parameter within the attribute is not =
consistent with that used in STUN (XOR-)MAPPED-ADDRESS et al, where it =
consists of a single byte. Is there any reason for this?

[ON] We can change the family parameter to a single byte to be =
consistent with the MAPPED-ADDRESS.

2/ In my humble opinion, the address family numbers should simply refer =
to the base STUN spec instead of redefining the same values... so we do =
not need to duplicate effort if we ever were to define new families =
(HIP?).

[ON] STUN spec does not define any number for IPv6. It only defines the =
number for IPv4.

3/ I might have missed it, but what is the request address type is =
absent?=20
Should the default be "always IPv4", or "protocol through which the =
server received the Allocate Request" ? I would assume "always IPv4" is =
better, consistent with RFC3489bis insistance that there might be =
IPv4-to-IPv6 or
IPv6-to-IPv4 translation middleboxes.

[ON] This draft defines a new attribute for STUN. If that attribute is =
absented you should follow the STUN spec and assume always IPv4.


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Multicast Requirements for a Network Address Port Translator (NAPT)
	Author(s)	: D. Wing
	Filename	: draft-ietf-behave-multicast-06.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 2007-5-17
	
This document specifies requirements for a Network Address Translator
   (NAT) and Network Address and Port Translator (NAPT) that supports
   any-source multicast or single-source multicast.  A multicast-capable
   NAPT device that adheres to the requirements of this document can
   optimize the operation of multicast applications that are generally
   unaware of multicast NAPT devices.

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The working group last call is starting now for "Multicast Requirements for
a Network Address Port Translator (NAPT)", 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-behave-multicast-06.txt: 

   This document specifies requirements for a Network Address Translator
   (NAT) and Network Address and Port Translator (NAPT) that supports
   any-source multicast or single-source multicast.  A multicast-capable
   NAPT device that adheres to the requirements of this document can
   optimize the operation of multicast applications that are generally
   unaware of multicast NAPT devices.

This WGLC will finish on Thursday, May 31 (two weeks from today).

If this WGLC is successful, I will ask for review by the MAGMA working group
and mboned@lists.uoregon.edu prior to submitting to IESG.

-d


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Fri May 18 12:57:56 2007
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Date: Fri, 18 May 2007 17:57:32 +0100
From: Benny Prijono <bennylp@pjsip.org>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] message type in draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
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I think this topic has been going over and over again on this list, 
so putting a C snippet to confirm the bits interpretation in 
appendix would clarify this once and for all, so I support that. I 
don't think it's overkill, RTP also has C snippet and it's been very 
useful for implementors.

Just my 0.02p.

  -benny


Adam Fisk wrote:
> I think just one example would do wonders, Dan, yeah.  The earlier 
> thread you referenced was useful in verifying I was reading the diagram 
> correctly, but it seems like overkill for the draft itself. 
> 
> Just having the example of a successful binding response as 0x0101 would 
> have been sufficient to move me along a little faster, or any example 
> along those lines.
> 
> Thanks very much.
> 
> -Adam
> 
> 
> On 5/16/07, *Dan Wing* <dwing@cisco.com <mailto:dwing@cisco.com>> wrote:
> 
> 
> 
>      > -----Original Message-----
>      > From: Adam Fisk [mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com
>     <mailto:adamfisk@gmail.com>]
>      > Sent: Wednesday, May 16, 2007 12:25 PM
>      > To: Dan Wing
>      > Cc: behave@ietf.org <mailto:behave@ietf.org>
>      > Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] message type in
>      > draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-06.txt
>      >
>      > I guess I'm asking a question as much as suggesting a
>      > revision with the bit numbering.  Since bit twiddling is
>      > right up there with complicated threading as far as making my
>      > head hurt quickly, I'll be explicit.  In my understanding, a
>      > binding request is:
>      >
>      > 0x0001
> 
>     Yes, C=00, and M=000000000001
> 
>      > and a successful binding response is:
>      >
>      > 0x0101
> 
>     Yes, C=1, and M=000000000001.  The on-the-wire representation would be
>     100000001 which is 0x0101 in hex.  Google has a hex calculator with
>     more
>     binary digits than my old TI calculator,
>     http://www.google.com/search?q=0b100000001+in+hex
> 
>      > Assuming that's right, I guess I just think of numbering of
>      > the bits as moving from left to right, much as it does in the
>      > previous diagram "Figure 2: Format of a STUN Message Header"
>      > right above the one in question.  I guess the "11" is to
>      > signify that it's the most significant bit?
> 
>     Correct.
> 
>      > Maybe that's
>      > seen as helpful in the subsequent discussion of the class numbering?
>      >
>      > Please forgive me if I'm just confused.
> 
>     If you're confused, the text or figure needs improvement or needs an
>     example.  This isn't the first time this was brought up.  It is
>     unfortunately unavoidable at this point and is a pain.
> 
>     Would C examples, such as from
>     http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/behave/current/msg01955.html, be
>     helpful?  I expect we could put that into an appendix.
> 
>     -d

-- 
Benny Prijono
http://www.pjsip.org


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Mon May 21 07:15:11 2007
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On 18 May 2007, at 17:57, Benny Prijono wrote:
> I think this topic has been going over and over again on this list,  
> so putting a C snippet to confirm the bits interpretation in  
> appendix would clarify this once and for all, so I support that. I  
> don't think it's overkill, RTP also has C snippet and it's been  
> very useful for implementors.

Sure, but be careful about portability - the code in RFC 3550  
confuses many since it assumes a big-endian system, which is less  
than common these days.

-- 
Colin Perkins
http://csperkins.org/




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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Tue May 22 05:39:08 2007
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 <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt
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Hi,

> No, of course not. Labels depend on the local system configuration anyway, 
> that was only a hint that, in view of RFC3484, it would be better to not only 
> give a native IPv6 address, but also (if one is available), say a 6to4 
> address, an ULA, and so on...

what are you thinking of regarding 6to4 addresses? Do you have a 
particular scenario in mind?

Regarding ULA addresses, they could be used between the relay and the 
remote endpoint if the relay and the remote endpoint happen to be in the 
same site, but... is it worthwhile adding the complexity needed to 
address this type of scenario taking into account that it works fine 
with the current solution?

If we decided to add support for relays to provide multiple IPv6 
addresses, ICE (i.e., STUN) checks would discover which ones work and 
which ones don't.

Cheers,

Gonzalo



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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Tue May 22 06:00:47 2007
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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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To: "ext Gonzalo Camarillo" <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
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On Tuesday 22 May 2007 12:39:01 you wrote:
> Hi,
>
> > No, of course not. Labels depend on the local system configuration
> > anyway, that was only a hint that, in view of RFC3484, it would be bett=
er
> > to not only give a native IPv6 address, but also (if one is available),
> > say a 6to4 address, an ULA, and so on...
>
> what are you thinking of regarding 6to4 addresses? Do you have a
> particular scenario in mind?

If the peer has 6to4 connectivity but no native IPv6, this would avoid usin=
g=20
both a TURN *and* a separate 6to4 relay; same note applies to Teredo.

In 6to4 case, it would also ensure symmetric path of the IPv6-over-IPv4=20
segment, as 6to4<->native often involves different 6to4 relays in each=20
directions, while 6to4<->6to4 is always symmetric.

It is questionable whether this will be useful in practice (will any TURN=20
relay have a 6to4 address anyway?).


One case that seems more obviously interesting to me is providing both an I=
Pv4=20
and an IPv6 address in the Allocate Response, which allows for efficient us=
e=20
of TURN with ICE in the usage scenario formerly addressed by ANAT (Note: IP=
v4=20
is defined as its own label in RFC3484; though this would be a simpler and=
=20
less generic). Without this I expect TURN clients would need to perform two=
=20
TURN Allocate Request, and TURN server will get double the state and reques=
t=20
processing work.

> Regarding ULA addresses, they could be used between the relay and the
> remote endpoint if the relay and the remote endpoint happen to be in the
> same site, but... is it worthwhile adding the complexity needed to
> address this type of scenario taking into account that it works fine
> with the current solution?

> If we decided to add support for relays to provide multiple IPv6
> addresses, ICE (i.e., STUN) checks would discover which ones work and
> which ones don't.

Yes, that's the point. I was referring to labels as an example because I do=
ubt=20
it would be useful to clutter the Allocate Response with different addresse=
s=20
with similar routing/topology properties. Of course, IPv6 addresses from=20
different native prefixes could be provided if deemed potentially useful.

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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Date: Wed, 23 May 2007 06:02:52 +0100
From: Benny Prijono <bennylp@pjsip.org>
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Subject: [BEHAVE] MESSAGE-INTEGRITY in STUN error responses
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All,

Apologies if this has been discussed, but I have some doubts
regarding the processing of STUN error responses which requests had
included MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute.

Few doubts:

  - In 8.3.2.  Processing Responses, it says

      "All responses that were not discarded, whether success
       responses or error responses, MUST first be authenticated
       by the client."

    I'm assuming that this means STUN response (success or error)
    with missing or incorrect M-I will be discarded before it
    reaches client transaction FSM.

    And if so, I'm assuming that client would continue retransmitting
    the request, as if it had not receive any response.


  - If the above are true, then I think there need to be some
    exception for some error responses which by definition cannot
    contain M-I, so they cannot be authenticated.

    Reading Section 9.1.1. "Receive Request Message", I reckon these
    error responses cannot contain M-I thus client should not
    authenticate them:

      401 (Unauthorized)
      432 (Missing Username)
      434 (Missing Realm)
      436 (Unknown Username)
      431 (Integrity Check Failure)

   And probably 420 (Unknown Attribute), and few others (I can look
   for them, but for now I just want to be sure that what I'm
   saying makes sense at all).

Comments?

cheers,
  -benny


-- 
Benny Prijono
http://www.pjsip.org





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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 23 03:21:05 2007
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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
Organization: Nokia TP-SP-SWD
To: behave@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] MESSAGE-INTEGRITY in STUN error responses
Date: Wed, 23 May 2007 10:21:15 +0300
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On Wednesday 23 May 2007 08:02:52 ext Benny Prijono wrote:
>     Reading Section 9.1.1. "Receive Request Message", I reckon these
>     error responses cannot contain M-I thus client should not
>     authenticate them:
>
>       401 (Unauthorized)

The client will only receive a legitimate 401 if it did not authenticate in=
=20
the first place, so it will not expect a M-I in the response either.

>       432 (Missing Username)

A conforming client will never emit authenticated messages without a USERNA=
ME,=20
so...

>       434 (Missing Realm)
>       436 (Unknown Username)
>       431 (Integrity Check Failure)

These are the real issues. In practice, either you drop the errors, or you=
=20
rely on the transaction ID. While the latter is vulnerable to a MITM attack=
,=20
that's a not really a concern since an active MITM can pretty much always D=
oS=20
the service anyway. However, this relies on really non-predictable=20
transaction IDs.

>    And probably 420 (Unknown Attribute), and few others (I can look
>    for them, but for now I just want to be sure that what I'm
>    saying makes sense at all).

There should normally be no problem authenticating a 420, unless a new=20
attribute that does influence M-I in a non-backward compatible manner is=20
defined. I surely hope we will not do that, and in any case, it should not =
be=20
an issue for clients implementing the current drafts.

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 23 05:15:39 2007
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Date: Wed, 23 May 2007 10:14:10 +0100
From: Benny Prijono <bennylp@pjsip.org>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] MESSAGE-INTEGRITY in STUN error responses
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	<200705231021.15239.remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:
> On Wednesday 23 May 2007 08:02:52 ext Benny Prijono wrote:
>>     Reading Section 9.1.1. "Receive Request Message", I reckon these
>>     error responses cannot contain M-I thus client should not
>>     authenticate them:
>>
>>       401 (Unauthorized)
>=20
> The client will only receive a legitimate 401 if it did not authenticat=
e in=20
> the first place, so it will not expect a M-I in the response either.

You're right.


>>       432 (Missing Username)
>=20
> A conforming client will never emit authenticated messages without a US=
ERNAME,=20
> so...

But the error code is there anyway, so...


>>       434 (Missing Realm)
>>       436 (Unknown Username)
>>       431 (Integrity Check Failure)
>=20
> These are the real issues. In practice, either you drop the errors, or =
you=20
> rely on the transaction ID. While the latter is vulnerable to a MITM at=
tack,=20
> that's a not really a concern since an active MITM can pretty much alwa=
ys DoS=20
> the service anyway. However, this relies on really non-predictable=20
> transaction IDs.

I'm in favor of accepting these error responses even if they don't=20
have M-I. If we drop these error responses when they don't have M-I=20
(and they can't have M-I), this kind of defeat the purpose of the=20
error codes, since they can never reach transaction FSM.


>>    And probably 420 (Unknown Attribute), and few others (I can look
>>    for them, but for now I just want to be sure that what I'm
>>    saying makes sense at all).
>=20
> There should normally be no problem authenticating a 420, unless a new=20
> attribute that does influence M-I in a non-backward compatible manner i=
s=20
> defined. I surely hope we will not do that, and in any case, it should =
not be=20
> an issue for clients implementing the current drafts.

I don't mind with authenticating 420.

What about 400 (Bad Request)? This error can be generated in the=20
parser because of malformed request, so the server may not be able=20
to generate M-I.

cheers,
  -benny


--=20
Benny Prijono
http://www.pjsip.org



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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 23 10:59:46 2007
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Subject: [BEHAVE] REALM's quotes
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I'm helping with this iteration of rfc3489bis, and we had a question.
Several reviewers of rfc3489bis had commented about the use of quotes in the
REALM attribute in the existing draft:

   11.7.  REALM

   The REALM attribute is present in requests and responses.  It
   contains text which meets the grammar for "realm" as described in RFC
   3261 [11], and will thus contain a quoted string (including the
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

   quotes).
   ^^^^^^

Would anyone have heartache if we removed quotes from this attribute?
Should we provide guidance that quotes might appear if a pre-RFC
implementation is encountered?

-d



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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 23 12:16:47 2007
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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'Benny Prijono'" <bennylp@pjsip.org>, <behave@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] MESSAGE-INTEGRITY in STUN error responses
Date: Wed, 23 May 2007 09:16:35 -0700
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Hi.  This did come up during rfc3489bis's working group last call, and
Philip, Jonathan, and I took a shot at clarifying which error codes could
have Message-Integrity.  Here is the current work-in-progress text for that
section.  

   Except where noted, if the request included the USERNAME attribute
   and was protected with a valid MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute, the error
   response MUST also be protected with its own MESSAGE-INTEGRITY
   attribute.  The following response codes, along with their
   recommended reason phrases (in brackets) are defined:

   300  Try Alternate: The client should contact an alternate server for
        this request.  This error response MUST only be sent if the
        request included a USERNAME attribute and a valid MESSAGE-
        INTEGRITY attribute; otherwise it MUST NOT be sent and error
        code 400 is suggested.  This error response MUST be protected
        with the MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute, and receivers MUST
        validate the MESSAGE-INTEGRITY of this response before
        redirecting themselves to an alternate server.

             Note: failure to generate and validate message-integrity
             for a 300 response allows an on-path attacker to falsify a
             300 response thus causing subsequent STUN messages to be
             sent to a victim.

   400  Bad Request: The request was malformed.  The client SHOULD NOT
        retry the request without modification from the previous
        attempt.

   401  Unauthorized: The request did not contain the expected MESSAGE-
        INTEGRITY attribute.  The server MAY include the MESSAGE-
        INTEGRITY attribute in its error response.

   420  Unknown Attribute: The server received STUN packet containing a
        mandatory attribute which it did not understand.  The server
        MUST put this unknown attribute in the UNKNOWN-ATTRIBUTE
        attribute of its error response.

   430  Stale Credentials: The request did contain a MESSAGE-INTEGRITY
        attribute, but it used a shared secret that has expired.  The
        client should obtain a new shared secret and try again.  The
        server MAY include the MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute in its error
        response.

   431  Integrity Check Failure: The request contained a MESSAGE-
        INTEGRITY attribute, but the HMAC failed verification.  This
        could be a sign of a potential attack, or client implementation
        error.  The server MAY include the MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute
        in its error response.

   432  undefined

             The previous version of this specification defined this
             value, but its use has been deprecated.

   433  Use TLS: The server received a shared secret request over an
        unencrypted channel, and it needs to be re-sent over TLS.

   434  Missing Realm: The server expected a REALM attribute in the
        request, but none was present. [[dwing: need to consider if we
        keep this one.]]

   435  Missing Nonce: The server expected a NONCE attribute in the
        request, but none was present.  This error response is used in
        conjunction with the NONCE attribute to cause the client to send
        the NONCE value in a subsequent request.

             This error code and the NONCE procedure apply to only some
             STUN usages.

   436  Unknown Username: The USERNAME supplied in the request is not
        known or is not known to the server.  With this error code, the
        server cannot compute the MESSAGE-INTEGRITY, and thus SHOULD NOT
        include the MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute in the response.

   438  Stale Nonce: The NONCE attribute was present in the request but
        wasn't valid.

   500  Server Error: The server has suffered a temporary error.  The
        client should try again.

   600  Global Failure: The server is refusing to fulfill the request.
        The client should not retry.

Comments welcome.  I had one question on your post, where you suggested that
error code 420 (unknown attribute) didn't need Message-Integrity.  I think
it should.

-d




> -----Original Message-----
> From: Benny Prijono [mailto:bennylp@pjsip.org] 
> Sent: Tuesday, May 22, 2007 10:03 PM
> To: behave@ietf.org
> Subject: [BEHAVE] MESSAGE-INTEGRITY in STUN error responses
> 
> 
> All,
> 
> Apologies if this has been discussed, but I have some doubts
> regarding the processing of STUN error responses which requests had
> included MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute.
> 
> Few doubts:
> 
>   - In 8.3.2.  Processing Responses, it says
> 
>       "All responses that were not discarded, whether success
>        responses or error responses, MUST first be authenticated
>        by the client."
> 
>     I'm assuming that this means STUN response (success or error)
>     with missing or incorrect M-I will be discarded before it
>     reaches client transaction FSM.
> 
>     And if so, I'm assuming that client would continue retransmitting
>     the request, as if it had not receive any response.
> 
> 
>   - If the above are true, then I think there need to be some
>     exception for some error responses which by definition cannot
>     contain M-I, so they cannot be authenticated.
> 
>     Reading Section 9.1.1. "Receive Request Message", I reckon these
>     error responses cannot contain M-I thus client should not
>     authenticate them:
> 
>       401 (Unauthorized)
>       432 (Missing Username)
>       434 (Missing Realm)
>       436 (Unknown Username)
>       431 (Integrity Check Failure)
> 
>    And probably 420 (Unknown Attribute), and few others (I can look
>    for them, but for now I just want to be sure that what I'm
>    saying makes sense at all).
> 
> Comments?
> 
> cheers,
>   -benny
> 
> 
> -- 
> Benny Prijono
> http://www.pjsip.org
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "=?iso-8859-1?Q?'R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont'?=" <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>,
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Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] MESSAGE-INTEGRITY in STUN error responses
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=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: R=E9mi Denis-Courmont [mailto:remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com]=20
> Sent: Wednesday, May 23, 2007 12:21 AM
> To: behave@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] MESSAGE-INTEGRITY in STUN error responses
>=20
> On Wednesday 23 May 2007 08:02:52 ext Benny Prijono wrote:
> >     Reading Section 9.1.1. "Receive Request Message", I reckon these
> >     error responses cannot contain M-I thus client should not
> >     authenticate them:
> >
> >       401 (Unauthorized)
>=20
> The client will only receive a legitimate 401 if it did not=20
> authenticate in=20
> the first place, so it will not expect a M-I in the response either.
>=20
> >       432 (Missing Username)
>=20
> A conforming client will never emit authenticated messages=20
> without a USERNAME, so...

Yeah, that's why we're deprecating that error in -07. =20

> >       434 (Missing Realm)
> >       436 (Unknown Username)
> >       431 (Integrity Check Failure)
>=20
> These are the real issues. In practice, either you drop the=20
> errors, or you rely on the transaction ID. While the latter is=20
> vulnerable to a MITM attack, that's a not really a concern since an=20
> active MITM can pretty much always DoS the service anyway.  However,=20
> this relies on really non-predictable transaction IDs.

Transaction IDs are required to be random and evenly distributed, which
should protect against that.  Fortunately, a STUN client implementation =
that
screws up its transaction ID generation only makes itself vulnerable to =
such
attacks.

> >    And probably 420 (Unknown Attribute), and few others (I can look
> >    for them, but for now I just want to be sure that what I'm
> >    saying makes sense at all).
>=20
> There should normally be no problem authenticating a 420,=20

Agreed.

> unless a new attribute that does influence M-I in a non-backward=20
> compatible manner is defined.  I surely hope we will not do that, and=20
> in any case, it should not be an issue for clients implementing the=20
> current drafts.

Yeah, that would be a problem.

Recall that in Prague we decided we needed to support new hashes for
Message-Integrity, but over the last week I have come up with some=20
concerns with our initial plan to simply define new attributes that
were fancier/faster/newer hashes.  I'll get a message to the list on
that concern shortly.

-d


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 23 13:32:40 2007
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Dan Wing wrote:
> I'm helping with this iteration of rfc3489bis, and we had a question.
> Several reviewers of rfc3489bis had commented about the use of quotes in the
> REALM attribute in the existing draft:
> 
>    11.7.  REALM
> 
>    The REALM attribute is present in requests and responses.  It
>    contains text which meets the grammar for "realm" as described in RFC
>    3261 [11], and will thus contain a quoted string (including the
>                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> 
>    quotes).
>    ^^^^^^
> 
> Would anyone have heartache if we removed quotes from this attribute?

It's okay with me. Please remove it.

> Should we provide guidance that quotes might appear if a pre-RFC
> implementation is encountered?

Probably yes. And probably best to leave the text in 8.3.1 where
implementation must remove the quotes in REALM before calculating
the key for MESSAGE-INTEGRITY.

  -benny





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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 23 13:32:47 2007
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Dan Wing wrote:
> Hi.  This did come up during rfc3489bis's working group last call, and
> Philip, Jonathan, and I took a shot at clarifying which error codes could
> have Message-Integrity.  Here is the current work-in-progress text for that
> section.  

This is exactly what I was looking for, thanks.

>    400  Bad Request: The request was malformed.  The client SHOULD NOT
>         retry the request without modification from the previous
>         attempt.

Shouldn't we make M-I inclusion a MAY here? The parser may find
error before reaching USERNAME attribute, so in this case the server
won't be able to generate M-I.

> Comments welcome.  I had one question on your post, where you suggested that
> error code 420 (unknown attribute) didn't need Message-Integrity.  I think
> it should.

I don't mind that.

It's just that 420 is normally found out during parsing process, so
it might be easier if the server just respond with 420 there,
without having to pass the response to authentication layer. But
I suppose this is not a big deal.

  -benny





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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'Benny Prijono'" <bennylp@pjsip.org>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] MESSAGE-INTEGRITY in STUN error responses
Date: Wed, 23 May 2007 10:43:19 -0700
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...
> >    400  Bad Request: The request was malformed.  The client 
> >         SHOULD NOT
> >         retry the request without modification from the previous
> >         attempt.
> 
> Shouldn't we make M-I inclusion a MAY here? The parser may find
> error before reaching USERNAME attribute, so in this case the server
> won't be able to generate M-I.

Agreed.  Here is the revised text (with lowercased MAY NOT):

   400  Bad Request: The request was malformed.  The client SHOULD NOT
        retry the request without modification from the previous
        attempt.  The server may not be able to generate a valid
        MESSAGE-INTEGRITY for this error, so the client MUST NOT expect
        a valid MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute on this response.


> > Comments welcome.  I had one question on your post, where 
> > you suggested that
> > error code 420 (unknown attribute) didn't need 
> > Message-Integrity.  I think it should.
> 
> I don't mind that.
> 
> It's just that 420 is normally found out during parsing process, so
> it might be easier if the server just respond with 420 there,
> without having to pass the response to authentication layer. But
> I suppose this is not a big deal.

I agree that's when it would normally be found, but by making this
decision (to have 420 include Message-Integrity), we are requiring
the server to validate the Message-Integrity of the request.  Is
that alright.  I expect it is, but it will incur additional 
processing on the server because it now has to first validate
the Message-Integrity attribute and then walk through all of the
mandatory attributes to see if there is one it didn't understand.

-d


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Thu May 24 08:49:09 2007
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Date: Thu, 24 May 2007 20:48:10 +0800
From: JiangXingFeng <jiang.x.f@huawei.com>
To: jdrosen@cisco.com
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Hi, Jonathan:

I have read your draft and have a question to ask you. Would you please give
me some explanations?

ICE is making use of offer/answer mechanism to collect some candidate pairs
and check the connectivity between the local candidates and remote
candidates.  If a remote candidate is of type of relayed address, in my
understanding, when the agent want to send a STUN check packet to the remote
relayed address, it may not arrived at the remote candidate because the STUN
server may filter the packet because of no permission. 

In other words, Relay usage makes the STUN servers act as a NAT with end
independent mapping behavior and address dependent filtering behavior. If
there is no permission for a specific external peer, the STUN server will
filter the packet from the remote peer unless client has created permissions
for the remote peer in advance. 

I don't find any action taken make the agent to notify the STUN server relay
packets from the remote candidates.  Maybe I miss something and my
understanding is not correct. Could you please give me more explanations?

Regards!

--
Jiang XingFeng





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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'JiangXingFeng'" <jiang.x.f@huawei.com>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] A question on draft-ietf-mmusic-ice-15
Date: Thu, 24 May 2007 11:38:07 -0700
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TURN's Set Active Destination accomplishes that.  See 
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-turn-03#section-6.3.2

-d



> -----Original Message-----
> From: JiangXingFeng [mailto:jiang.x.f@huawei.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, May 24, 2007 5:48 AM
> To: jdrosen@cisco.com
> Cc: behave@ietf.org; mmusic@ietf.org
> Subject: [BEHAVE] A question on draft-ietf-mmusic-ice-15
> 
> Hi, Jonathan:
> 
> I have read your draft and have a question to ask you. Would 
> you please give
> me some explanations?
> 
> ICE is making use of offer/answer mechanism to collect some 
> candidate pairs
> and check the connectivity between the local candidates and remote
> candidates.  If a remote candidate is of type of relayed 
> address, in my
> understanding, when the agent want to send a STUN check 
> packet to the remote
> relayed address, it may not arrived at the remote candidate 
> because the STUN
> server may filter the packet because of no permission. 
> 
> In other words, Relay usage makes the STUN servers act as a 
> NAT with end
> independent mapping behavior and address dependent filtering 
> behavior. If
> there is no permission for a specific external peer, the STUN 
> server will
> filter the packet from the remote peer unless client has 
> created permissions
> for the remote peer in advance. 
> 
> I don't find any action taken make the agent to notify the 
> STUN server relay
> packets from the remote candidates.  Maybe I miss something and my
> understanding is not correct. Could you please give me more 
> explanations?
> 
> Regards!
> 
> --
> Jiang XingFeng
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Fri May 25 00:05:34 2007
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From: JiangXingFeng <jiang.x.f@huawei.com>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] A question on draft-ietf-mmusic-ice-15
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> TURN's Set Active Destination accomplishes that.  See
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-turn-03#section-6.3.2

Thanks for your reply. Besides Set Active Destination, there are some other
methods could do the same thing, such as Open, Send indications. 

Do we need to add more text to ICE draft and say that "before connectivity
check begins, agent A should create permission for Relayed address in order
to allow connectivity check's packet from other agent through the NAT and
reach the agent. A"?


---
JiangXingFeng




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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'JiangXingFeng'" <jiang.x.f@huawei.com>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] A question on draft-ietf-mmusic-ice-15
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> > TURN's Set Active Destination accomplishes that.  See
> > http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-turn-03#section-6.3.2
> 
> Thanks for your reply. Besides Set Active Destination, there 
> are some other methods could do the same thing, such as Open, 
> Send indications. 
> 
> Do we need to add more text to ICE draft and say that "before 
> connectivity check begins, agent A should create permission 
> for Relayed address in order to allow connectivity check's 
> packet from other agent through the NAT and reach the agent. 
> A"?

It's not necessary -- the combination of the triggered checks
and retries by the answerer cause the permission and the
connectivity check to complete as soon as the permission is
created.

-d



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On Tuesday 22 May 2007 12:39:01 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
> If we decided to add support for relays to provide multiple IPv6
> addresses, ICE (i.e., STUN) checks would discover which ones work and
> which ones don't.

Hmm, I am now thinking there is another issue that I failed to think of in =
the=20
first place, if we allow multiple mapped address for a single TURN=20
allocation: how does the TURN server knows which mapped address to use when=
=20
forwarding Send Indication?! :( Oops, sorry.

=46or the "simple" scenario that an allocation can have one IPv4 and one IP=
v6,=20
it's fine (matching address family is sufficient), but if we allowed multip=
le=20
IPv6 address, there might be an issue. Maybe it's better to stick to only o=
ne=20
address per family at most?

Alternatives include ignoring this minor issue, or specifying the source=20
address in Send Indication and the destination address in Data Indication.=
=20
=46or those intimate with the BSD socket API or with RFC3542, this issue is=
=20
equivalent to IP_PKTINFO and IP6_PKTINFO stuff.

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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From: Gonzalo Camarillo <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
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Subject: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re: [BEHAVE]
	I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
References: <001101c79383$4510db80$c5f0200a@amer.cisco.com>
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Hi,

I have changed the subject to make discussions on this issue more explici=
t.

We could do as you suggest and include the source address in Send=20
Indications and the destination address in Data Indications. I think it=20
is better to be explicit, as opposed to having the relay use the=20
destination or the source address of the data to decide which allocated=20
address to use.

Additionally, we could define the new address family as follows:

0x02 - Global Unicast IPv6 address

If in the future we want to add support for, say, 6to4 addresses, we=20
could define a new address type.

We also need to decide which model we want to support. At present, a=20
client requests a set of address families from the server. Earlier in=20
this thread, you seemed to want servers to provide clients with all the=20
address families they support. I believe the former model would work=20
fine as long as the client has a way to discover the capabilities of the=20
server in order to figure out which address families are actually support=
ed.

Comments?

Gonzalo


R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:
> On Tuesday 22 May 2007 12:39:01 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
>  > If we decided to add support for relays to provide multiple IPv6
>  > addresses, ICE (i.e., STUN) checks would discover which ones work an=
d
>  > which ones don't.
>=20
> Hmm, I am now thinking there is another issue that I failed to think of=
=20
> in the
> first place, if we allow multiple mapped address for a single TURN
> allocation: how does the TURN server knows which mapped address to use =
when
> forwarding Send Indication?! :( Oops, sorry.
>=20
> For the "simple" scenario that an allocation can have one IPv4 and one =
IPv6,
> it's fine (matching address family is sufficient), but if we allowed=20
> multiple
> IPv6 address, there might be an issue. Maybe it's better to stick to=20
> only one
> address per family at most?
>=20
> Alternatives include ignoring this minor issue, or specifying the sourc=
e
> address in Send Indication and the destination address in Data Indicati=
on.
> For those intimate with the BSD socket API or with RFC3542, this issue =
is
> equivalent to IP_PKTINFO and IP6_PKTINFO stuff.
>=20
> --
> R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
>=20



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To: "ext Gonzalo Camarillo" <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re:
	[BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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On Friday 25 May 2007 11:22:09 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
> We could do as you suggest and include the source address in Send
> Indications and the destination address in Data Indications. I think it
> is better to be explicit, as opposed to having the relay use the
> destination or the source address of the data to decide which allocated
> address to use.

True, thanks.

> Additionally, we could define the new address family as follows:
>
> 0x02 - Global Unicast IPv6 address
>
> If in the future we want to add support for, say, 6to4 addresses, we
> could define a new address type.

This has pros and cons. A TURN client only need to know about IPv6 - not ab=
out=20
6to4/Teredo/ULA - to be able to use a 6to4/Teredo/ULA mapped address. On th=
e=20
other hand, it would need to know about HIP if it were to use HIP (it's=20
highly hypothetical that HIP will ever mix with TURN, but I cannot think of=
=20
any other example).

The question really is whether it's worth the added complexity - if nobody=
=20
ever deploys TURN relays with different types of IPv6 addresses, it's not=20
much use. *I* am not working for a network gear vendor or an ISP, so I do n=
ot=20
feel like taking a position on that thing.

> We also need to decide which model we want to support. At present, a
> client requests a set of address families from the server. Earlier in
> this thread, you seemed to want servers to provide clients with all the
> address families they support. I believe the former model would work
> fine as long as the client has a way to discover the capabilities of the
> server in order to figure out which address families are actually
> supported.

The simplest solution might be that the client puts all the address types i=
t=20
wants to use, and the server only replies with those that it supports, and=
=20
return an error if it does not support any of these (a bit like TLS=20
ciphersuite negociation, I believe).

I assume the client is only ever interested in the adress types that it kno=
ws.=20
So the full list of types known to server is not much use. This also saves =
us=20
one extra transaction (more spec work, more implementation and more=20
round-trips).

Best regards,

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re: [BEHAVE]
	I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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Hi Remi,

it seems that we agree on defining the new address family as Global=20
Unicast IPv6 Address, and including source address in Send Indications=20
and the destination address in Data Indications, then.

We should also extend the 440 (Address Family not Supported) response so=20
that it carries the identifiers of those addresses that are not=20
supported (so that it is future proof, just in case there are more=20
address types defined in the future).

Shall we go ahead edit the draft accordingly?

Cheers,

Gonzalo


R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:
> On Friday 25 May 2007 11:22:09 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
>  > We could do as you suggest and include the source address in Send
>  > Indications and the destination address in Data Indications. I think=
 it
>  > is better to be explicit, as opposed to having the relay use the
>  > destination or the source address of the data to decide which alloca=
ted
>  > address to use.
>=20
> True, thanks.
>=20
>  > Additionally, we could define the new address family as follows:
>  >
>  > 0x02 - Global Unicast IPv6 address
>  >
>  > If in the future we want to add support for, say, 6to4 addresses, we
>  > could define a new address type.
>=20
> This has pros and cons. A TURN client only need to know about IPv6 - no=
t=20
> about
> 6to4/Teredo/ULA - to be able to use a 6to4/Teredo/ULA mapped address. O=
n the
> other hand, it would need to know about HIP if it were to use HIP (it's
> highly hypothetical that HIP will ever mix with TURN, but I cannot thin=
k of
> any other example).
>=20
> The question really is whether it's worth the added complexity - if nob=
ody
> ever deploys TURN relays with different types of IPv6 addresses, it's n=
ot
> much use. *I* am not working for a network gear vendor or an ISP, so I=20
> do not
> feel like taking a position on that thing.
>=20
>  > We also need to decide which model we want to support. At present, a
>  > client requests a set of address families from the server. Earlier i=
n
>  > this thread, you seemed to want servers to provide clients with all =
the
>  > address families they support. I believe the former model would work
>  > fine as long as the client has a way to discover the capabilities of=
 the
>  > server in order to figure out which address families are actually
>  > supported.
>=20
> The simplest solution might be that the client puts all the address typ=
es it
> wants to use, and the server only replies with those that it supports, =
and
> return an error if it does not support any of these (a bit like TLS
> ciphersuite negociation, I believe).
>=20
> I assume the client is only ever interested in the adress types that it=
=20
> knows.
> So the full list of types known to server is not much use. This also=20
> saves us
> one extra transaction (more spec work, more implementation and more
> round-trips).
>=20
> Best regards,
>=20
> --
> R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
>=20



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Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re: [BEHAVE]
	I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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Hi,

> I assume the client is only ever interested in the adress types that it 
> knows.
> So the full list of types known to server is not much use. This also 
> saves us
> one extra transaction (more spec work, more implementation and more
> round-trips).

I was thinking of a capability discovery mechanism that clients could 
use to choose a relay. That is, they would not query the relay for its 
capabilities at session establishment time. Instead, this would be done 
at configuration time. For example, a user may prefer to configure its 
client with a relay that supports the allocation of both IPv6 and IPv4 
addresses, and not only IPv4.

Cheers,

Gonzalo



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Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re:
	[BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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On Friday 25 May 2007 14:10:39 you wrote:
> Hi Remi,
>
> it seems that we agree on defining the new address family as Global
> Unicast IPv6 Address, and including source address in Send Indications
> and the destination address in Data Indications, then.
>
> We should also extend the 440 (Address Family not Supported) response so
> that it carries the identifiers of those addresses that are not
> supported (so that it is future proof, just in case there are more
> address types defined in the future).
>
> Shall we go ahead edit the draft accordingly?

That's fine with me, thanks.

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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From: Pyda Srisuresh <srisuresh@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] ICMP type 3, code 13, one more time 
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Dan,

>From the e-mails below, it seems, the use of ICMP type 3, error code 13 for
REQ-8 has WG consensus. If my read is incorrect, please summarize the
consensus. I would appreciate that.

This is the last of the outstanding comments on the draft, AFAIK. Once I have
the closure on this, I will be happy to get the next rev of the draft. I
believe, the next rev of the draft should be ready for a WGLC. 

Thanks.

regards,
suresh 


--- Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:

>  
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Cullen Jennings [mailto:fluffy@cisco.com] 
> > Sent: Thursday, May 03, 2007 3:07 PM
> > To: Behave WG
> > Subject: [BEHAVE] ICMP type 3, code 13, one more time 
> > 
> > 
> > I was having lunch today with Srisuresh and we came to an 
> > interesting  
> > inside on how to resolve this. The important thing is not if a NAT  
> > thinks it's a router, host, or power tool. The important thing is  
> > what does an applications that receives the ICMP error does. One  
> > observation is that it might be that you want error codes 
> > sent to the inside to be different than one sent to the outside. 
> 
> When the NAT can't create a new mapping, the ICMP error would only be
> sent to the inside.  Afterall, it's not possible to even create a 
> new mapping from the outside.
> 
> > The other  
> > observation is that if 9,10,13 are all soft errors - do we want a  
> > soft or hard error here?
> 
> A NAT that runs out of resources (say, runs out of UDP mappings) 
> seems a transient event on par with a routing error such as 
> 'network unreachable' (ICMP type=3, code=0), which is classified 
> as a soft error.
> 
> (as individual.)
> 
> -d
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
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> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
> 





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On 25-May-07, at 00:30 , Dan Wing wrote:

>>> TURN's Set Active Destination accomplishes that.  See
>>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-turn-03#section-6.3.2
>>
>> Thanks for your reply. Besides Set Active Destination, there
>> are some other methods could do the same thing, such as Open,
>> Send indications.
>>
>> Do we need to add more text to ICE draft and say that "before
>> connectivity check begins, agent A should create permission
>> for Relayed address in order to allow connectivity check's
>> packet from other agent through the NAT and reach the agent.
>> A"?
>
> It's not necessary -- the combination of the triggered checks
> and retries by the answerer cause the permission and the
> connectivity check to complete as soon as the permission is
> created.

Just a bit more clarification here.

"Set Active Destination" is one way to install a filtering entry for the
remote peer in the TURN server, but there is another way.

Consider two peers, L and R, which are behind different NATs.
L uses a TURN server T.

If R sends a connectivity check to L's allocated address on T
before anything else happens, then you are correct that T will
discard the packet. However, this will install a filtering entry
into R's local NAT.
Then when L sends a connectivity check from T towards R,
this will install a filtering entry on T for R, and this connectivity
check packet will also get through R's NAT because of the
previously installed filtering entry.

If the order is reversed (L sends first), then a connectivity check
from L's allocated address on T towards R will be dropped by
R's NAT, but will install a filtering entry on T.
Then when R sends a connectivity check from R to L's address
on T, this connectivity check will get through because of the
previously installed filtering entry on T.


To summarize:
If R sends first, then its connectivity check packets get dropped
by T until L sends its first packet towards R.
If L sends first, then its connectivity check packets get dropped
by R's NAT until R sends its first packet towards L's address on T.

In other words, the packets do not get through until both ends try
to send. This is the reason that ICE defines a priority function for
candidate pairs -- so both ends will send checks at approximately
the same time.

- Philip


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	[BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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On 25-May-07, at 07:10 , Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:

> Hi Remi,
>
> it seems that we agree on defining the new address family as Global  
> Unicast IPv6 Address, and including source address in Send  
> Indications and the destination address in Data Indications, then.

Sorry for jumping into this late.
I assume you are talking about adding a SourceAddress attribute to  
the Send Indication and a DestinationAddress attribute to the Data  
Indication.
Would a client always have to specify a source address attribute in a  
Send Indication, and a server always include a destination address in  
Data indication?

- Philip


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From: Gonzalo Camarillo <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
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Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re: [BEHAVE]
	I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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Hi,

inline:

Philip Matthews wrote:
> 
> On 25-May-07, at 07:10 , Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
> 
>> Hi Remi,
>>
>> it seems that we agree on defining the new address family as Global 
>> Unicast IPv6 Address, and including source address in Send Indications 
>> and the destination address in Data Indications, then.
> 
> Sorry for jumping into this late.
> I assume you are talking about adding a SourceAddress attribute to the 
> Send Indication and a DestinationAddress attribute to the Data Indication.

Yes.

> Would a client always have to specify a source address attribute in a 
> Send Indication, and a server always include a destination address in 
> Data indication?

It would if the relay allocated more than one address. If the client (or 
the relay) did not specify anything, it would mean IPv4.

Cheers,

Gonzalo



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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 30 02:07:03 2007
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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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To: "ext Philip Matthews" <philip_matthews@magma.ca>,
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Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re:
	[BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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	Hello,

On Tuesday 29 May 2007 21:11:59 you wrote:
> Sorry for jumping into this late.
> I assume you are talking about adding a SourceAddress attribute to
> the Send Indication and a DestinationAddress attribute to the Data
> Indication.

Exactly.

> Would a client always have to specify a source address attribute in a
> Send Indication, and a server always include a destination address in
> Data indication?

=46or Data indication, I guess it's needed unless the allocation has only o=
ne=20
server address of the source address family (in which case the client may=20
infer the server address from the source address family).

=46or Send Indication, as Gonzalo said source address can be optional for I=
Pv4,=20
but also if the allocation has only one address of the same family as the=20
destination.

Are you concerned with bandwidth, complexity or curious, or...?

I do not have any very strong opinion. One option would be to enforce a sin=
gle=20
server address per family and per allocation; Then we do not need these=20
Destination in Data indication neither Source in Send indication. Maybe we=
=20
should solicit feedback from the v6ops WG on that issue, eh?

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org Wed May 30 02:10:16 2007
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Hi,

> I do not have any very strong opinion. One option would be to enforce a 
> single
> server address per family and per allocation;

I believe we have rough consensus on using a single address per family, 
and on having the possibility of having multiple addresses per allocation.

Cheers,

Gonzalo


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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re:
	[BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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On Wednesday 30 May 2007 09:10:09 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
> Hi,
>
> > I do not have any very strong opinion. One option would be to enforce a
> > single
> > server address per family and per allocation;
>
> I believe we have rough consensus on using a single address per family,
> and on having the possibility of having multiple addresses per allocation.

=46ine, then source-in-Send and destination-in-Data are not really needed.

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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Hi,

we agreed on defining the address family as Global IPv6 Unicast Address.=20
If, in the future, we decide to define new families (as you pointed=20
out), we will need the source-in-send and destination-in-data.=20
Therefore, I suggest we are explicit from the beginning and add them=20
from day one.

This was my understanding of our discussions, actually.

Cheers,

Gonzalo

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:
> On Wednesday 30 May 2007 09:10:09 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>>> I do not have any very strong opinion. One option would be to enforce=
 a
>>> single
>>> server address per family and per allocation;
>> I believe we have rough consensus on using a single address per family=
,
>> and on having the possibility of having multiple addresses per allocat=
ion.
>=20
> Fine, then source-in-Send and destination-in-Data are not really needed=
.
>=20



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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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To: "ext Gonzalo Camarillo" <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re:
	[BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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On Wednesday 30 May 2007 09:23:49 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
> we agreed on defining the address family as Global IPv6 Unicast Address.
> If, in the future, we decide to define new families (as you pointed
> out), we will need the source-in-send and destination-in-data.
> Therefore, I suggest we are explicit from the beginning and add them
> from day one.

Ok, I might be confused because I do not know how you intend to spell it in=
=20
the next draft. We really need source-in-send if (and only if) there is mor=
e=20
than one address the server can use for a destination. So it depends what w=
e=20
call address family here I guess. This can indeed happen if we have=20
different "families" that refer to the same network-layer protocol.

Sorry.

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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	I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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Hi,

> Ok, I might be confused because I do not know how you intend to spell it in 
> the next draft. We really need source-in-send if (and only if) there is more 
> than one address the server can use for a destination. So it depends what we 
> call address family here I guess. This can indeed happen if we have 
> different "families" that refer to the same network-layer protocol.

exactly. We do not have it in the current draft because we currently 
only have two address families: IPv4 and IPv6. Then, you said that we 
may need to support different IPv6 address types. That is why we agreed 
to defining the global unicast IPv6 address family instead of simply 
IPv6 and add the source-in-send and destination-in-data stuff in case, 
in the future, somebody defines a new address IPv6-related address family.

Cheers,

Gonzalo


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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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To: "ext Gonzalo Camarillo" <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re:
	[BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
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On Wednesday 30 May 2007 11:06:16 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
> Hi,
>
> > Ok, I might be confused because I do not know how you intend to spell it
> > in the next draft. We really need source-in-send if (and only if) there
> > is more than one address the server can use for a destination. So it
> > depends what we call address family here I guess. This can indeed happen
> > if we have different "families" that refer to the same network-layer
> > protocol.
>
> exactly. We do not have it in the current draft because we currently
> only have two address families: IPv4 and IPv6. Then, you said that we
> may need to support different IPv6 address types. That is why we agreed
> to defining the global unicast IPv6 address family instead of simply
> IPv6 and add the source-in-send and destination-in-data stuff in case,
> in the future, somebody defines a new address IPv6-related address family.

Right. Then it might make sense to not abuse the term "family". I tend to=20
associate that with socket protocol/address family and OSI layer-3, hence t=
he=20
confusion. That's also how the base TURN spec uses it currently. So any oth=
er=20
word as category, type, class, label, species, you-name-it, whatever-else=20
maybe??

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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Magnus Westerlund skrev:
> Philip Matthews skrev:
>> Sorry to be coming into this conversation late.
>> I am just catching up on various mailing lists after finishing my drafts.
>>
>> BEHAVE is chartered to work on STUN.
>> STUN requires STUN servers to work, and defined how they behave.
>> Why shouldn't we recommend placing some of the servers into NATs
>> as this draft does?
>>
>> This draft is trying to address the problem of finding the allocated 
>> mappings
>> for nested NAT cases. I think this problem is an important one to solve,
>> because nested NATs are becoming more and more common.
>>
>> I think BEHAVE is a good place to work on a solution to this problem,
>> and I think the proposed solution is reasonable.
>>
>> I think it would be silly to NOT solve this problem just because of
>> charter issues.
>>
> 
> The problem is that large parts of this problem already has been solved 
> in the numerous NAT control protocols. Even in IETF we have two 
> different WG currently chartered with solving NAT control issues, MIDCOM 
> and NSIS. Going in this new direction for BEHAVE needs IETF wide 
> consensus and also good arguments why previous efforts are not solving 
> the problem. So if you are interested in this issue, please get together 
> and start discussing having a BOF.
> 

Hi,

Dan has requested a BOF on this topic. But I still haven't seen much 
debate why we would need something other than what is already under 
development within the IETF. I would appreciate some discussion and 
clarification before making any decision if there should be an BOF or not.

Magnus Westerlund

IETF Transport Area Director & TSVWG Chair
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Multimedia Technologies, Ericsson Research EAB/TVM/M
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ericsson AB                | Phone +46 8 4048287
Torshamsgatan 23           | Fax   +46 8 7575550
S-164 80 Stockholm, Sweden | mailto: magnus.westerlund@ericsson.com
----------------------------------------------------------------------


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Subject: RE: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
Date: Wed, 30 May 2007 17:58:55 +0300
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Hi,

I think STUN NAT control would be very valuable.

Explicit NAT/FW control in general is important especially for wireless
devices, where keepalives (especially for UDP) are really bad for
battery consumption. This is not just a nice-to-have optimization, but I
believe that in practice you could not use Internet-based VoIP/IM
services over e.g. HSDPA or WiMAX, if you had to do the keepalives in
the current way. =20

What makes STUN interesting compared to e.g. NSIS is its incremental
deployment path. STUN is already supported in many SIP and XMPP clients,
and the popularity is increasing. An existing STUN client implementation
can be relatively easily extended to support NAT control as well (small
thing compared to e.g. full ICE support). STUN NAT control would then
very well fit into the process how STUN is otherwise used, so the cost
would be quite small even if there were no STUN-capable NATs on client's
path. STUN-capable NATs could then be gradually deployed to improve the
situation. Frankly, I don't see a similar deployment potential for NSIS.

In comparison to UPnP STUN has certain technical benefits like the
ability to deal with nested NATs. Also, UPnP is quite limited to local
area use and would not solve the wide-area wireless access issue I
mentioned in the beginning.

To have best possible value, I think STUN NAT control should also have a
way to deal with firewalls without NATs, i.e. there would have to be a
way to discover if there are STUN capable firewalls on the path. Of
course, the more we add to the protocol the less obvious the incremental
deployment argument becomes.

So, in summary: This is a pressing problem. None of the existing
solutions look promising for getting deployed. STUN NAT control has
certain aspects that would make the deployment more incremental and thus
easier. Thus, I am very supportive for the approval of the BoF.

Regards,
	Markus=20

=20

>-----Original Message-----
>From: ext Magnus Westerlund [mailto:magnus.westerlund@ericsson.com]=20
>Sent: 30 May, 2007 16:57
>To: Magnus Westerlund
>Cc: behave@ietf.org; Philip Matthews; Dan Wing
>Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
>
>Magnus Westerlund skrev:
>> Philip Matthews skrev:
>>> Sorry to be coming into this conversation late.
>>> I am just catching up on various mailing lists after=20
>finishing my drafts.
>>>
>>> BEHAVE is chartered to work on STUN.
>>> STUN requires STUN servers to work, and defined how they behave.
>>> Why shouldn't we recommend placing some of the servers into NATs as=20
>>> this draft does?
>>>
>>> This draft is trying to address the problem of finding the=20
>allocated=20
>>> mappings for nested NAT cases. I think this problem is an important=20
>>> one to solve, because nested NATs are becoming more and more common.
>>>
>>> I think BEHAVE is a good place to work on a solution to=20
>this problem,=20
>>> and I think the proposed solution is reasonable.
>>>
>>> I think it would be silly to NOT solve this problem just because of=20
>>> charter issues.
>>>
>>=20
>> The problem is that large parts of this problem already has been=20
>> solved in the numerous NAT control protocols. Even in IETF=20
>we have two=20
>> different WG currently chartered with solving NAT control issues,=20
>> MIDCOM and NSIS. Going in this new direction for BEHAVE needs IETF=20
>> wide consensus and also good arguments why previous efforts are not=20
>> solving the problem. So if you are interested in this issue, please=20
>> get together and start discussing having a BOF.
>>=20
>
>Hi,
>
>Dan has requested a BOF on this topic. But I still haven't=20
>seen much debate why we would need something other than what=20
>is already under development within the IETF. I would=20
>appreciate some discussion and clarification before making any=20
>decision if there should be an BOF or not.
>
>Magnus Westerlund
>
>IETF Transport Area Director & TSVWG Chair
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>Multimedia Technologies, Ericsson Research EAB/TVM/M
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>Ericsson AB                | Phone +46 8 4048287
>Torshamsgatan 23           | Fax   +46 8 7575550
>S-164 80 Stockholm, Sweden | mailto: magnus.westerlund@ericsson.com
>----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Behave mailing list
>Behave@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>


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Date: Wed, 30 May 2007 13:31:38 -0400
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
To: Magnus Westerlund <magnus.westerlund@ericsson.com>
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On 5/30/07 9:57 AM, "Magnus Westerlund" <magnus.westerlund@ericsson.com>
wrote:
> Dan has requested a BOF on this topic. But I still haven't seen much
> debate why we would need something other than what is already under
> development within the IETF. I would appreciate some discussion and
> clarification before making any decision if there should be an BOF or not.

It seems dubious to me that yet another on-path signaling protocol is
needed, or particularly that yet another on-path NAT signaling protocol
is needed, when the problems that limit the deployability of any
on-path NAT signaling protocol in the first place remain unsolved.

I initially brought the on-path firewall/NAT signaling work to the IETF
lo, those many years ago because it solves some hard problems around
topology and ordering.  Unfortunately, however, it requires that at
least one end of a "path" not be NATted, and that either or both peers
know that it's not NATted.  The solutions that have been proposed (when
they've been proposed - there's been a lot of hand-waving) are often
worse than the problem, involving throwing new elements into the network
or sending out an effectively unbounded number of messages to do discovery.

The on-path stuff is extremely appealing but I think there are some
difficult problems that need to be solved before it can be deployed, and
it seems to me that it ought to be deployable before developing a
redundant protocol.

Melinda


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From: Philip Matthews <philip_matthews@magma.ca>
Subject: Re: Multiple allocated addresses per TURN allocation WAS (Re:
	[BEHAVE] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-behave-turn-ipv6-02.txt)
Date: Wed, 30 May 2007 16:54:11 -0400
To: Gonzalo Camarillo <Gonzalo.Camarillo@ericsson.com>
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My concern about the SourceAddress and DestinationAddress attributes =20
is partly overhead and partly additional complexity in TURN.

The first could be addressed by enhancing the SetActiveDestination =20
indication to specify the default sending/receiving address so that =20
these attributes can be eliminated once the ICE connectivity checks =20
are finished.

The second is just because I see STUN and TURN as getting more and =20
more complex to handle marginal cases.
Personally, I don't see a reasonable use-case for a TURN relay with =20
more than one IPv4 address and one IPv6 address. Unless, some can =20
present one, I suggest we design for that case and not insert things =20
that are only really useful in future cases that currently seem =20
unlikely.
As suggested below, it might be possible to infer the address of the =20
TURN-relay-to-destination portion of the path from the address or =20
header used on the TURN relay-to-client portion of the path.  I am =20
not convinced this is really foolproof, but if it is, then I think =20
this is might be a simpler solution than defining the new attributes.

- Philip


On 30-May-07, at 02:23 , Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:

> Hi,
>
> we agreed on defining the address family as Global IPv6 Unicast =20
> Address. If, in the future, we decide to define new families (as =20
> you pointed out), we will need the source-in-send and destination-=20
> in-data. Therefore, I suggest we are explicit from the beginning =20
> and add them from day one.
>
> This was my understanding of our discussions, actually.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Gonzalo
>
> R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:
>> On Wednesday 30 May 2007 09:10:09 ext Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>>> I do not have any very strong opinion. One option would be to =20
>>>> enforce a
>>>> single
>>>> server address per family and per allocation;
>>> I believe we have rough consensus on using a single address per =20
>>> family,
>>> and on having the possibility of having multiple addresses per =20
>>> allocation.
>> Fine, then source-in-Send and destination-in-Data are not really =20
>> needed.
>
>



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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
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On 30-May-07, at 09:57 , Magnus Westerlund wrote:

> Magnus Westerlund skrev:
>
> Hi,
>
> Dan has requested a BOF on this topic. But I still haven't seen  
> much debate why we would need something other than what is already  
> under development within the IETF. I would appreciate some  
> discussion and clarification before making any decision if there  
> should be an BOF or not.

There are two parts to the problem:  Discovering nested NATs and  
Controlling NATs.

The Discovery part, in my opinion, is the most basic and more  
important part of this work. This allows ICE to work in cases where  
another NAT does not support hairpinning, and allows ICE to find a  
more efficient path in cases where the NATs involve do  support  
hairpinning.
The discovery portion is also the most straight-forward part of the  
problem, as I don't think it raises any additional security concerns.

The Control part is also useful, but it requires the Discovery  
portion, raises some security questions and seems to be the  
controversial aspect.

So I think the debate should be: Do we do Discovery+Control, or just  
start with the Discovery part?

I do not object to doing Discover+Control, but I don't want to lose  
the Discovery just because we tried to do the Control part.

- Philip


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From: Philip Matthews <philip_matthews@magma.ca>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
Date: Wed, 30 May 2007 17:32:34 -0400
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On 30-May-07, at 13:31 , Melinda Shore wrote:

> On 5/30/07 9:57 AM, "Magnus Westerlund"  
> <magnus.westerlund@ericsson.com>
> wrote:
>> Dan has requested a BOF on this topic. But I still haven't seen much
>> debate why we would need something other than what is already under
>> development within the IETF. I would appreciate some discussion and
>> clarification before making any decision if there should be an BOF  
>> or not.
>
> It seems dubious to me that yet another on-path signaling protocol is
> needed, or particularly that yet another on-path NAT signaling  
> protocol
> is needed, when the problems that limit the deployability of any
> on-path NAT signaling protocol in the first place remain unsolved.

I would be interested in hearing what you see as the deployment  
problems.

- Philip


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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
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On Wednesday 30 May 2007 20:31:38 ext Melinda Shore wrote:
> It seems dubious to me that yet another on-path signaling protocol is
> needed,

STUN has already running on the real-life Internet for quite a while. This=
=20
usage leverage and extend on that.

STUN makes a lot of sense particularly in ICE context given clients have to=
=20
have it anyway, and the added complexity is minimal.

> or particularly that yet another on-path NAT signaling protocol=20
> is needed,

Only real-life NAT control protocols are UPnP (bloated and buggy protocol=20
designed outside IETF) and NAT-PMP. Both are unable to accomodate multiple=
=20
hops, as STUN does.

> when the problems that limit the deployability of any=20
> on-path NAT signaling protocol in the first place remain unsolved.

Well, you do have to upgrade the NAT boxes to support the protocol. Though=
=20
STUN has the interesting property that it still provides added value even i=
f=20
not all of the on-path NATs supports it: it still lets you discover=20
intermediate NAT address bindings, for use in ICE or similar connectivity=20
frameworks.

=2D-=20
R=E9mi Denis-Courmont


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To be clear - there is no special behavior required from the endpoint 
connected to the TURN server for this to work. The ICE processing 
defined in the specification will cause an endpoint to naturally send 
connectivity checks which open up permissions. SetActiveDestination is 
not required and would not need to be used for this purpose.

Thanks,
Jonathan R.

Philip Matthews wrote:

> 
> On 25-May-07, at 00:30 , Dan Wing wrote:
> 
>>>> TURN's Set Active Destination accomplishes that.  See
>>>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-turn-03#section-6.3.2
>>>
>>>
>>> Thanks for your reply. Besides Set Active Destination, there
>>> are some other methods could do the same thing, such as Open,
>>> Send indications.
>>>
>>> Do we need to add more text to ICE draft and say that "before
>>> connectivity check begins, agent A should create permission
>>> for Relayed address in order to allow connectivity check's
>>> packet from other agent through the NAT and reach the agent.
>>> A"?
>>
>>
>> It's not necessary -- the combination of the triggered checks
>> and retries by the answerer cause the permission and the
>> connectivity check to complete as soon as the permission is
>> created.
> 
> 
> Just a bit more clarification here.
> 
> "Set Active Destination" is one way to install a filtering entry for the
> remote peer in the TURN server, but there is another way.
> 
> Consider two peers, L and R, which are behind different NATs.
> L uses a TURN server T.
> 
> If R sends a connectivity check to L's allocated address on T
> before anything else happens, then you are correct that T will
> discard the packet. However, this will install a filtering entry
> into R's local NAT.
> Then when L sends a connectivity check from T towards R,
> this will install a filtering entry on T for R, and this connectivity
> check packet will also get through R's NAT because of the
> previously installed filtering entry.
> 
> If the order is reversed (L sends first), then a connectivity check
> from L's allocated address on T towards R will be dropped by
> R's NAT, but will install a filtering entry on T.
> Then when R sends a connectivity check from R to L's address
> on T, this connectivity check will get through because of the
> previously installed filtering entry on T.
> 
> 
> To summarize:
> If R sends first, then its connectivity check packets get dropped
> by T until L sends its first packet towards R.
> If L sends first, then its connectivity check packets get dropped
> by R's NAT until R sends its first packet towards L's address on T.
> 
> In other words, the packets do not get through until both ends try
> to send. This is the reason that ICE defines a priority function for
> candidate pairs -- so both ends will send checks at approximately
> the same time.
> 
> - Philip
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
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> 

-- 
Jonathan D. Rosenberg, Ph.D.                   600 Lanidex Plaza
Cisco Fellow                                   Parsippany, NJ 07054-2711
Cisco Systems
jdrosen@cisco.com                              FAX:   (973) 952-5050
http://www.jdrosen.net                         PHONE: (973) 952-5000
http://www.cisco.com


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Date: Thu, 31 May 2007 10:58:48 -0400
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
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On 5/30/07 5:32 PM, "Philip Matthews" <philip_matthews@magma.ca> wrote:
> I would be interested in hearing what you see as the deployment
> problems.

Sure:

You need to have something that can turn the message around and
provide a reply, or else you need to receive responses back from
the middleboxes.  The first option is unreliable and the second
option leads to the possibilities of message proliferation and
message expansion (since you can no longer rely on packet rewriting
as a way of propagating topological information).

You need to have some way to secure messages when you don't
know in advance who you'll be sending messages to/receiving
messages from, and you'll be doing it in situations where you're
trying to limit packet size (avoid UDP fragmentation) and limit
computational load (public key operations in a middlebox).  We
found that group keys are an excellent solution for use within
a single security domain, but are obviously unsuitable for use
in situations in which you might be crossing arbitrary administrative
boundaries and can't know in advance who they'll be.

One end or the other end has to have a public address/presence.
If neither end has a public address or presence, that presence
has to be outsourced to some other device.  That often means
dropping yet another box (a relay, for example) into both ends
of the network.  The placement of the relay has to be topologically
appropriate to the endpoints or else the relay ends up being
a sort of SBC.

If you do go with a relay, you have to have some way to associate
it with the endpoint and you have to have some way to publicize the
association.  The way that's typically handled right now is through
telephony signaling.  In fact, this whole thing is looking an
awful lot like a VoIP network, and it's not actually very useful
for other applications.  (Presumably that's the reason for an
interest in using STUN rather than an actual signaling protocol,
as well).

It's doable, but it's not doable in a general way and it's really
going to work only in very constrained environments.  It's not an
80/20 solution, but rather a 20/80 one.

And, by the way, STUN would probably need substantial changes
to the protocol machinery in order to handle state maintenance.
Packetization is really not that interesting (a little interesting,
but not a lot) - what matters is how the protocol behaves.  "NAT
control" installs state in middleboxes - you'll need to be able
to handle errors like transmission failures, device reboots,
routing changes, and so on.  You'll also need to be able to delete
the state you install.  By the time you're done tweaking it so
that it will be a useful state maintenance tool you'll have a
full-blown signaling protocol, only a quirky one that's not
very general and probably isn't very different from other signaling
protocols aside from packetization.  (FWIW, a few years ago I
wrote up a "STUN-based Signaling" specification that uses the NLS
state machine but STUN packetization, and there should still be
copies floating around ID archives - it solves a political problem
but not a technical one and was rightly ignored).

I could accept (and do accept) the argument that NSIS is not a
good choice for situations in which the substantial set up costs
can't be amortized well, but that's not the argument that's being
presented here.

Anyway, the broader point is that we've already done on-path
signaling six ways from Sunday and the hard problems association
with NAT signaling remain unsolved.  I have a hard time seeing why
it's a good idea to create yet another protocol while continuing to
avoid dealing with the problems associated with the architecture.

Melinda


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From: Philip Matthews <philip_matthews@magma.ca>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
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Thanks for detailed response!
However, I am not  sure I really understand all your points.
See inline.

On 31-May-07, at 10:58 , Melinda Shore wrote:

> On 5/30/07 5:32 PM, "Philip Matthews" <philip_matthews@magma.ca>  
> wrote:
>> I would be interested in hearing what you see as the deployment
>> problems.
>
> Sure:
>
> You need to have something that can turn the message around and
> provide a reply, or else you need to receive responses back from
> the middleboxes.  The first option is unreliable and the second
> option leads to the possibilities of message proliferation and
> message expansion (since you can no longer rely on packet rewriting
> as a way of propagating topological information).

If I understand you correctly, STUN currently takes the first approach
by requiring a STUN server somewhere in the network. And you consider
this unreliable because there is nothing that forces someone to provide
a STUN server?  Do I understand you correctly?


>
> You need to have some way to secure messages when you don't
> know in advance who you'll be sending messages to/receiving
> messages from, and you'll be doing it in situations where you're
> trying to limit packet size (avoid UDP fragmentation) and limit
> computational load (public key operations in a middlebox).  We
> found that group keys are an excellent solution for use within
> a single security domain, but are obviously unsuitable for use
> in situations in which you might be crossing arbitrary administrative
> boundaries and can't know in advance who they'll be.

In the STUN case, I think you are referring to the various attacks  
against STUN.
Some, but not all, of them are mitigated by the Shared Secret exchange,
but in practice not many people seem to implement this.

>
> One end or the other end has to have a public address/presence.
> If neither end has a public address or presence, that presence
> has to be outsourced to some other device.  That often means
> dropping yet another box (a relay, for example) into both ends
> of the network.  The placement of the relay has to be topologically
> appropriate to the endpoints or else the relay ends up being
> a sort of SBC.
>
> If you do go with a relay, you have to have some way to associate
> it with the endpoint and you have to have some way to publicize the
> association.  The way that's typically handled right now is through
> telephony signaling.  In fact, this whole thing is looking an
> awful lot like a VoIP network, and it's not actually very useful
> for other applications.  (Presumably that's the reason for an
> interest in using STUN rather than an actual signaling protocol,
> as well).
>
> It's doable, but it's not doable in a general way and it's really
> going to work only in very constrained environments.  It's not an
> 80/20 solution, but rather a 20/80 one.
>
> And, by the way, STUN would probably need substantial changes
> to the protocol machinery in order to handle state maintenance.
> Packetization is really not that interesting (a little interesting,
> but not a lot) - what matters is how the protocol behaves.  "NAT
> control" installs state in middleboxes - you'll need to be able
> to handle errors like transmission failures, device reboots,
> routing changes, and so on.  You'll also need to be able to delete
> the state you install.  By the time you're done tweaking it so
> that it will be a useful state maintenance tool you'll have a
> full-blown signaling protocol, only a quirky one that's not
> very general and probably isn't very different from other signaling
> protocols aside from packetization.  (FWIW, a few years ago I
> wrote up a "STUN-based Signaling" specification that uses the NLS
> state machine but STUN packetization, and there should still be
> copies floating around ID archives - it solves a political problem
> but not a technical one and was rightly ignored).
>
> I could accept (and do accept) the argument that NSIS is not a
> good choice for situations in which the substantial set up costs
> can't be amortized well, but that's not the argument that's being
> presented here.

I confess I didn't understand the above points. Perhaps you  
misunderstand
what Dan is proposing to do with STUN? All he is proposing (as far as  
I know),
is to  discover the binding that a NAT has installed for a particular  
local host and port,
and then either query the NAT for the timeout value associated with
the binding, or suggest a value to the NAT.
He is NOT proposing to use STUN to signal the connection, and the  
only other
involvement of STUN will be as part of ICE to select a path for the  
media.

Or perhaps is it just me that is all confused?

- Philip


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Date: Thu, 31 May 2007 14:51:20 -0400
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
From: Melinda Shore <mshore@cisco.com>
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On 5/31/07 2:12 PM, "Philip Matthews" <philip_matthews@magma.ca> wrote:
> If I understand you correctly, STUN currently takes the first approach
> by requiring a STUN server somewhere in the network. And you consider
> this unreliable because there is nothing that forces someone to provide
> a STUN server?  Do I understand you correctly?

It forces the STUN server to be 1) addressable (not so much
of an issue), and 2) in a topologically-appropriate location.
Problem 2) has led to the development of ICE, about which the
less is said the better.

> Some, but not all, of them are mitigated by the Shared Secret exchange,
> but in practice not many people seem to implement this.

Well, on the one hand the exchange is of really limited utility
since it doesn't prove identity, but on the other hand it's the
only protection (other than obscurity) against an attacker.
Explicit signaling is always going to be more secure, *if*
you can authenticate the NAT.

> All he is proposing (as far as
> I know),
> is to  discover the binding that a NAT has installed for a particular
> local host and port,
> and then either query the NAT for the timeout value associated with
> the binding, or suggest a value to the NAT.
> He is NOT proposing to use STUN to signal the connection, and the
> only other
> involvement of STUN will be as part of ICE to select a path for the
> media.

Look, STUN was "just" going to be used until midcom was finished.  And
then it was "just" to be used in cases where a NAT cannot be modified.
And then BEHAVE was "just" going to define NAT behavior so that STUN
would work across it.  And now it's "just" putting a STUN server
inside a NAT so that a NAT is basically a midcom device.  Take another
look at the draft - it's *definitely* defining on-path signaling to
NATs, and it's doing it without referencing existing on-path signaling
protocols.

Melinda


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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Control STUN Usage
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On 31-May-07, at 14:51 , Melinda Shore wrote:

> On 5/31/07 2:12 PM, "Philip Matthews" <philip_matthews@magma.ca>  
> wrote:
>> If I understand you correctly, STUN currently takes the first  
>> approach
>> by requiring a STUN server somewhere in the network. And you consider
>> this unreliable because there is nothing that forces someone to  
>> provide
>> a STUN server?  Do I understand you correctly?
>
> It forces the STUN server to be 1) addressable (not so much
> of an issue), and 2) in a topologically-appropriate location.
> Problem 2) has led to the development of ICE, about which the
> less is said the better.

I still don't understand.
As I see it, the biggest advantage of Dan's draft is that allows a  
client to
discover NATs, and thus STUN servers can be placed in the most
topologically-appropriate location of  all: namely, the NAT itself.


>
>> Some, but not all, of them are mitigated by the Shared Secret  
>> exchange,
>> but in practice not many people seem to implement this.
>
> Well, on the one hand the exchange is of really limited utility
> since it doesn't prove identity, but on the other hand it's the
> only protection (other than obscurity) against an attacker.
> Explicit signaling is always going to be more secure, *if*
> you can authenticate the NAT.

Though you dismissed ICE above, to my mind the advantage of ICE
is that it solves a lot of the security problems of STUN.
That is why I am less worried about the STUN security problems.

>
>> All he is proposing (as far as
>> I know),
>> is to  discover the binding that a NAT has installed for a particular
>> local host and port,
>> and then either query the NAT for the timeout value associated with
>> the binding, or suggest a value to the NAT.
>> He is NOT proposing to use STUN to signal the connection, and the
>> only other
>> involvement of STUN will be as part of ICE to select a path for the
>> media.
>
> Look, STUN was "just" going to be used until midcom was finished.  And
> then it was "just" to be used in cases where a NAT cannot be modified.
> And then BEHAVE was "just" going to define NAT behavior so that STUN
> would work across it.  And now it's "just" putting a STUN server
> inside a NAT so that a NAT is basically a midcom device.  Take another
> look at the draft - it's *definitely* defining on-path signaling to
> NATs, and it's doing it without referencing existing on-path signaling
> protocols.

I agree that there is not much comparison with other approaches in  
the draft.
In fact, I confess to be pretty ignorant of other approaches myself.
I guess I should go and read some Midcom documents.

- Philip



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Melinda Shore wrote:

[snip]
> 
> Look, STUN was "just" going to be used until midcom was finished.  And
> then it was "just" to be used in cases where a NAT cannot be modified.
> And then BEHAVE was "just" going to define NAT behavior so that STUN
> would work across it.  And now it's "just" putting a STUN server
> inside a NAT so that a NAT is basically a midcom device.  Take another
> look at the draft - it's *definitely* defining on-path signaling to
> NATs, and it's doing it without referencing existing on-path signaling
> protocols.
> 

Tiny little Behave mutates and grows and can potentially replace big
Midcom .  Looks to me as evolution applied to protocol engineering.  It
works for operating systems[1], why not for network protocols?


[1] http://kerneltrap.org/node/11

-- 
Marc Petit-Huguenin           [                                 ]
Home: marc@petit-huguenin.org [RFC1855-compliant space for rent ]
Work: marc@8x8.com            [                                 ]


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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: <behave@ietf.org>
Date: Thu, 31 May 2007 14:41:37 -0700
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Subject: [BEHAVE] STUN Control-02
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Based on feedback received I have finished a substantial rewrite of STUN
Control.  The new document now more clearly separates STUN Control into
three functions:

  * discovery (learn your NATs and firewalls)
  * query (ask them what they're doing)
  * control (ask them to do something different)

I have added two new discovery mechanisms: an "inside-out" technique and a
tagging technique (useful for finding firewalls, a new feature requested).
I also clarified the previously-described "outside-in" technique.

I just submitted this as a new Internet Draft, but in the meantime you can
view the new version at the URLs below.

Comments welcome.
-d

-----

HTML:
 
http://svn.resiprocate.org/rep/ietf-drafts/dwing/draft-wing-behave-nat-contr
ol-stun-usage-02.html
  http://tinyurl.com/ypppg6

Text: 
 
http://svn.resiprocate.org/rep/ietf-drafts/dwing/draft-wing-behave-nat-contr
ol-stun-usage-02.txt
  http://tinyurl.com/2czkug

Diffs:
  http://tinyurl.com/344wcb




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