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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Dynamic Port Reuse
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If I understand him correctly, I just want to reinforce what Dan's saying 
here...

We've been doing port-agile protocols for years. It just seems wrong to me 
that suddenly paying MORE attention to port numbers now is the right thing 
to do, especially if this algorithm gets stuck in the next generation of 
Linksys boxes that we then can't upgrade until the year 2525...

Given that there is a positive incentive for protocols to lie ("of COURSE 
I'm HTTP, why else would I be running on port 80 where the firewalls are 
passing traffic"), I don't expect this to end well.

I wish I had a better suggestion, of course.

Spencer

> Using port numbers is, itself, non-deterministic.  This is because
> no two people will generate the same list ports that are safe to
> re-use.  If ports are used, then in 3 years, as NAT64 vendors find
> value in optimizing re-use of other port numbers, the vendors will
> begin diverging which ports are re-used.
>
> For example, here would be my list of ports that are safe to re-use:
> TCP/80 (HTTP), TCP/110 (POP3), TCP/995 (POP3S), TCP/143 (IMAP), TCP/587
> (SUBMIT), TCP/25 (SMTP), TCP/22 (SSH), TCP/21 (FTP), TCP/23 (TELNET),
> TCP/7 (ECHO), TCP/9 (DISCARD), TCP/993 (IMAPS).
>
> Are there non-IETF protocols that are used which would break with
> port re-use?  That is, that use UNSAF or use TCP S-O?
>
>
> As BitTorrent has not registered their ports with IANA, I'm not sure
> what could be said in an IETF document about its ports other than
> some non-normative "and other ports that the NAT64 believes, to the
> best of its knowledge, are used by client/server applications that
> can safely have their TCP source ports re-used."  Which brings us
> to specify non-deterministic behavior for such a NAT64.
>
> -d
>
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
> 


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From behave-bounces@ietf.org  Mon Jun  2 15:11:55 2008
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On 2 jun 2008, at 17:27, Spencer Dawkins wrote:

> We've been doing port-agile protocols for years. It just seems wrong  
> to me
> that suddenly paying MORE attention to port numbers now is the right  
> thing
> to do, especially if this algorithm gets stuck in the next  
> generation of
> Linksys boxes that we then can't upgrade until the year 2525...

We're talking about NATs that must scale to support thousands of users  
by having more than 64k sessions per public IPv4 address... I don't  
think Linksys makes these.

> Given that there is a positive incentive for protocols to lie ("of  
> COURSE
> I'm HTTP, why else would I be running on port 80 where the firewalls  
> are
> passing traffic"), I don't expect this to end well.

In this case, there is no incentive for lying other than to do a  
denial of service on the NAT if the vendor didn't think to include per- 
user limits.

Ideally, we'd create a bunch of port numbers for applications that  
don't need endpoint independent addressing and another bunch of port  
numbers for applications that do. Unfortunately most applications have  
already settled on a well known port.
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Dynamic Port Reuse
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On Monday, May 26, 2008 1:38 AM, Lars Eggert wrote:

> sure, but we might be able to free up IPv4 addresses that so 
> far have been allocated to end users and use them to support the 
> NAT64 boxes.  Unless users end up having 65K connections active, the 
> NAT will be more efficient at multiplexing, and there'll be a win.
> 
> I'm curious to know if you'd think that this scenario isn't realistic?

If that scenario becomes the reality it is true that we would not need 
to worry about schemes to aggressively re-use TCP ports.

I would expect that if an ISP changed to providing IPv6-only connectivity
for its subscribers and installed some kind of NAT64 functionality so
those subscribers could still get access to the v4 Internet, that ISP
itself would have plenty of v4 addresses to assign to its newly-installed
NAT64 boxes -- because it just freed a bunch of v4 addresses from 
its subscribers and can re-use those addresses on its NAT64 boxes.

However, an ISP that does not already have a bunch of v4 addresses would
need to obtain a bunch of v4 addresses for its newly-installed NAT64 
boxes, and would be interested in reducing the number of v4 addresses
it would need to obtain for those NAT64 boxes.  Such an ISP would be
interested in aggressive TCP port re-use.

-d

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From: Christian Huitema <huitema@windows.microsoft.com>
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> However, an ISP that does not already have a bunch of v4 addresses would
> need to obtain a bunch of v4 addresses for its newly-installed NAT64
> boxes, and would be interested in reducing the number of v4 addresses
> it would need to obtain for those NAT64 boxes.  Such an ISP would be
> interested in aggressive TCP port re-use.

So, if that is what we are focusing on, we should maybe say so. An IPv6 ISP has many options, and IPv6-IPv4 NAT is only one of them. For example, the ISP might run a Teredo relay, effectively reducing the pressure to use NAT translation for peer-to-peer applications. It may also run a 6to4 relay...

-- Christian Huitema


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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'Christian Huitema'" <huitema@windows.microsoft.com>,
	"'Lars Eggert'" <lars.eggert@nokia.com>
References: <03f801c8b5e6$12d6ed40$c3f0200a@cisco.com><2F0D498F-B9BC-4B53-A570-281BC0D2CC91@nokia.com><0ac701c8bb6d$c4076ef0$a25b150a@cisco.com><DF35AA43-736F-454A-A471-123DBE79274D@nokia.com><E9485E99-1E7A-486A-AC5C-A1F26319731B@muada.com><011AF26D-87D8-4F4D-9974-B74C6590F8CB@nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Dynamic Port Reuse
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> > However, an ISP that does not already have a bunch of v4 
> > addresses would
> > need to obtain a bunch of v4 addresses for its newly-installed NAT64
> > boxes, and would be interested in reducing the number of v4 
> > addresses
> > it would need to obtain for those NAT64 boxes.  Such an ISP would be
> > interested in aggressive TCP port re-use.
> 
> So, if that is what we are focusing on, we should maybe say 
> so. An IPv6 ISP has many options, and IPv6-IPv4 NAT is only 
> one of them. For example, the ISP might run a Teredo relay, 
> effectively reducing the pressure to use NAT translation for 
> peer-to-peer applications. It may also run a 6to4 relay...

Those seem reasonable approaches if the ISP's subscribers have
v6-capable hosts.  Or were you considering putting Teredo or 6to4
into the subscriber's CPE, so that a v4-only subscriber would -- 
unbeknownst to them -- be getting access to v4 via their CPE's
new functionality?

-d

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From: Christian Huitema <huitema@windows.microsoft.com>
To: Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com>, 'Lars Eggert' <lars.eggert@nokia.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Jun 2008 17:36:54 -0700
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] Dynamic Port Reuse
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> > > However, an ISP that does not already have a bunch of v4
> > > addresses would
> > > need to obtain a bunch of v4 addresses for its newly-installed
> NAT64
> > > boxes, and would be interested in reducing the number of v4
> > > addresses
> > > it would need to obtain for those NAT64 boxes.  Such an ISP would
> be
> > > interested in aggressive TCP port re-use.
> >
> > So, if that is what we are focusing on, we should maybe say
> > so. An IPv6 ISP has many options, and IPv6-IPv4 NAT is only
> > one of them. For example, the ISP might run a Teredo relay,
> > effectively reducing the pressure to use NAT translation for
> > peer-to-peer applications. It may also run a 6to4 relay...
>
> Those seem reasonable approaches if the ISP's subscribers have
> v6-capable hosts.  Or were you considering putting Teredo or 6to4
> into the subscriber's CPE, so that a v4-only subscriber would --
> unbeknownst to them -- be getting access to v4 via their CPE's
> new functionality?

One has to assume that if an ISP is going "IPv6 only", a significant fraction of its subscribers will be IPv6 capable. If that was not the case, one could question the business sense of the ISP...

-- Christian Huitema



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Date: Tue, 3 Jun 2008 10:42:47 +0200
From: "Xavier Marjou" <xavier.marjou@orange-ftgroup.com>
To: "IETF AVT WG" <avt@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] [AVT] Working Group LastCall:
	draft-ietf-avt-app-rtp-keepalive-03.txt
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This mail tries to sum-up the conversations of the WGLC and makes
proposals for a next update of the draft.

1 - 0 bytes packets:
There's a need to merge sections 4.1 and 4.2 and to generalize the
section for any RTP-capable transport protocol.

2 - static payload
There is no consensus to accept a static payload number for
rtp-keepalive, so the draft will keep a dynamic payload type.

3 - Advertisement of rtp-keepalive with SDP
There's some interest to declare support for rtp-keepalive in the SDP.
Do we want to make it mandatory or recommended?

Note that doing so requires the registration of additional media types
(like audio/rtp-keepalive, video/rtp-keepalive, and
text/rtp-keepalive, application/rtp-keepalive). In addition, it should
also be noted the indication for rtp-keepalive support within an SDP
offer is a declarative usage only, as the the local agent will use
rtp-keepalive even if the peer does not support this format in the SDP
answer.

4 - Security issues
There's a need to discuss that RTP keepalive packets may be perceived
as an attack by the peer and that the peer needs to react as described
by RFC3550 by ignoring them.
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> One has to assume that if an ISP is going "IPv6 only", a 
> significant fraction of its subscribers will be IPv6 capable. 

It is my understanding that many subscribers have equipment or
application software that cannot become v6 capable (it cannot be 
upgraded, or the user does not want to upgrade it [cost, fear of
upgrade, lack of a neighbor kid or nephew to assist with the
upgrade]).

> If that was not the case, one could question the business 
> sense of the ISP...

The goal, as I understand it, is to provide subscribers a service
that looks, feels, and smells like the subscriber's current v4
Internet service.  In this way, the subscriber's current v4
hosts and applications will work in much the same way as today.

-d

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From behave-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jun  3 11:27:16 2008
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From: Bruce Lowekamp <lowekamp@sipeerior.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Degree of compatibility of BitTorrent
 with	endpoint-independent mapping?
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Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote:
> On 26 mei 2008, at 22:32, Bruce Lowekamp wrote:
> 
>> To the best of my knowledge (and I have not studied BitTorrent
>> implementations extensively), they don't try to make any allowances for
>> NAT behavior because there are enough hosts for which that is not an
>> issue that the applications work if they try enough connections.
> 
> No, that's not exactly true. In practice, you get much lower download 
> speeds with BitTorrent if you can't accept incoming connections. So 
> (some) clients implement UPnP and NAT-PMP to open up ports for incoming 
> sessions in the NAT, if present. It's also very common for BitTorrent 
> users to set up a mapping manually.
> 
> So BitTorrent does often use NAT traversal, just not with any of the 
> mechanisms that the IETF is familiar with.  :-)
> 


You're right, I was thinking about techniques other than NAT control.

More importantly, though, neither of those techniques work with 
multi-level NATs (or NATs on the other side of routers), so aren't 
really appropriate for the problem domain we're talking about here, as I 
understand it.  Now I suppose we could work more on extensions to NAT 
control protocols, but I don't know if those would be well received in 
the ISP space.  I wasn't involved in the midcom wg.  Maybe things have 
changed, though...



>> If NATs become even more common than they are now, BitTorrent
>> applications may need to do more NAT traversal, so then TCP-SO would be
>> more important.
> 
> I don't see simultaneous open happen for BitTorrent very soon. They may 
> switch to UDP instead.
> 

I suspect that if it worked reliably, it would be used.

Bruce
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On Tue, Jun 3, 2008 at 8:25 PM, Bruce Lowekamp <lowekamp@sipeerior.com> wrote:
> Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote:
>> On 26 mei 2008, at 22:32, Bruce Lowekamp wrote:
>>> If NATs become even more common than they are now, BitTorrent
>>> applications may need to do more NAT traversal, so then TCP-SO would be
>>> more important.
>>
>> I don't see simultaneous open happen for BitTorrent very soon. They may
>> switch to UDP instead.
>>
>
> I suspect that if it worked reliably, it would be used.

FWIW, the stumbling block of using TCP traversal per Bram Cohen was
the active signaling plane (where the tracker would have to relay the
ICE or equiv. messages). UDP traversal is simpler in that (for many
NATs -- NB=I, EF=I) once you punch one hole, you can keep that hole
open indefinitely and publish the hole address in the tracker.

If someone can implement a BT tracker that performs the ICE relaying
at scale, I am sure BT clients would switch in a heartbeat.

-- 
Saikat
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Colin Perkins [mailto:csp@csperkins.org] 
> Sent: Sunday, April 27, 2008 7:27 AM
> To: Hadriel Kaplan
> Cc: Cullen Jennings; behave@ietf.org WG; Dan Wing; Tom 
> Taylor; IETF AVT WG; MARJOU Xavier RD-MAPS-LAN
> Subject: Re: [AVT] Working Group LastCall: 
> draft-ietf-avt-app-rtp-keepalive-03.txt
> 
> On 26 Apr 2008, at 17:11, Hadriel Kaplan wrote:
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: Colin Perkins [mailto:csp@csperkins.org]
> >>
> >> Static payload types were deprecated over a decade ago. 
> Negotiating a
> >> no-op payload type in SDP makes sense, but I really don't want to
> >> revisit static assignments.
> >
> > Yeah, I knew you'd say that. :)
> > I'd be happy if there were at least some SDP indication.  Even if  
> > the sender ignores the lack of it in received SDP and sends empty  
> > RTP anyway, it would be useful to have it indicate support for it  
> > and its PT in the SDP it sends.
> 
> Sure, I have no argument with that.
> 
> >>> I find it odd that a WG BCP would recommend a mechanism (albeit a
> >>> fallback one), that is not itself defined in a standards track doc
> >>> anywhere.  Maybe it's just me though. :)
> >>
> >> There were also concerns about having IPR on a no-op format, if I
> >> remember correctly. https://datatracker.ietf.org/ipr/854/
> >
> > I thought that was Cisco's classic defensive patent statement,  
> > which other IETF RFC's have been OK with.  And I'm suggesting a  
> > different form of no-op: an empty one.  Regardless, if an 
> > empty RTP is covered by that IPR, then so is this keepalive 
> > draft, no?
> 
> Possibly - you'd have to ask Cisco.

I checked with our in-house attorneys about our IPR declaration
against draft-ietf-avt-app-rtp-keepalive, and we would keep that
same IPR declaration even with an empty RTP no-op.  The IPR 
declaration allows use of any of our patents necessary to
implement no-op, so long as no-op becomes a standard.

I hope that helps clarify things,
-d

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Degree of compatibility of BitTorrent
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On 3 jun 2008, at 20:25, Bruce Lowekamp wrote:

>> So BitTorrent does often use NAT traversal, just not with any of  
>> the mechanisms that the IETF is familiar with.  :-)

> You're right, I was thinking about techniques other than NAT control.

> More importantly, though, neither of those techniques work with  
> multi-level NATs (or NATs on the other side of routers), so aren't  
> really appropriate for the problem domain we're talking about here,  
> as I understand it.  Now I suppose we could work more on extensions  
> to NAT control protocols, but I don't know if those would be well  
> received in the ISP space.  I wasn't involved in the midcom wg.   
> Maybe things have changed, though...

I was just explaining how BitTorrent is commonly used, not how it  
would work in a world with multiple layers of NAT (something that we  
should avoid, anyway).

If I understand the endpoint independent mapping rationale correctly,  
the idea is that once a host uses a session using a certain source  
port, then the NAT will map that internal source port into an external  
source port and after that forward incoming sessions towards the  
external port to the internal host. BitTorrent applications could  
easily be modified to take advantage of that behavior. The side effect  
would be that they no longer use up excessive amounts of port numbers,  
so this would be win-win.

>> I don't see simultaneous open happen for BitTorrent very soon. They  
>> may switch to UDP instead.

> I suspect that if it worked reliably, it would be used.

The current situation works quite well, as people are attributing more  
than half of all internet traffic to BitTorrent and friends, so there  
was no real need to change anything, until Comcast started sending  
fake TCP resets for BitTorrent sessions. Using UDP transport could  
help against that.
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] IPv4/IPv6 relayed address allocation
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Hi,

the details to be specified do not seem to be many. The relay would need 
to drop IP (v4 and v6) options and the IPv6 flow label. What else do you 
have in mind?

Thanks,

Gonzalo

Philip Matthews wrote:
> I really haven't spent any time thinking about it, but I am assuming 
> that the details of IPv4-to-IPv6 relaying will take a few pages to 
> specify, and there will be some design decisions to discuss, which will 
> take time. Because of this assumption, I am trying to push it out of the 
> base TURN spec. But perhaps I am wrong. Perhaps you would take a look 
> and let me know?
> 
> - Philip
> 
> On Wed, 7-May-08, at 23:55 , Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I think we all agree this should be the behavior for clients and 
>> servers. However, if we move all the meat from TURN-IPv6 to base TURN 
>> (we already moved the address family definition a while ago), it may 
>> make sense to merge both specs. Specifying the IPv4-IPv6 mapping may 
>> not be trivial, but it's not a big deal either.
>>
>> The bottom line is that we are discussing an issue related to document 
>> structure. We seem to agree on the actual protocol behavior.
>>
>> Cheers,
>>
>> Gonzalo
>>
>>
>> Philip Matthews wrote:
>>> On Wed, 7-May-08, at 15:44 , Gonzalo Camarillo wrote:
>>>> Hi,
>>>>
>>>>> If the base TURN spec does not include the REQUESTED-ADDRESS-TYPE 
>>>>> attribute, then we have to go with option (1). However, Remi 
>>>>> prefers option (2).
>>>>
>>>> but... what is the advantage of going with option 2?
>>> Under option (1), a client sending an Allocate request over IPv4 
>>> might get back an IPv6 relayed-transport-address, if the Allocate 
>>> request passed through a v4-to-v6 translator (as is currently being 
>>> considered in v6OPS). If the client is unable to handle this, it must 
>>> delete the allocation.
>>> Under option (2), a client sending an Allocation request over IPv4 
>>> can explicitly say that it wants an IPv4 relayed-transport-address. 
>>> Thus, if the Allocate request passes through a v4-to-v6 translator, 
>>> the server will detect that the request arrived over v6 but was for a 
>>> v4 relayed-transport-address, and thus reject the request.
>>> - Philip
>>
>>
> 
> 

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Subject: [BEHAVE] TURN dissector [was Re: Goals for the proposed conf call
 on TURN encapsulations]
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Marc Petit-Huguenin wrote:
> Philip Matthews wrote:
>> First of all, thanks for having a mailing list discussion on all this.  
>> I am following the mailing list closely, and will make sure that any  
>> comments made on the list are carefully considered when deciding what  
>> to do with TURN.
>>
>> Regarding finishing TURN. Indeed, TURN has been very unstable for a  
>> long time, so it has not been a very good candidate for stable trial  
>> implementations. 
> 
> How a protocol can be proposed as a standard track RFC without
> implementations is a mystery for me.  I know that it is mandatory to
> have independent implementations only when a standard is promoted to
> Draft Standard, but as nobody seems to worry to promote standards
> anymore, I think that the burden of the two implementations should be
> moved to the Proposed Standard.
> 
> Anyway even if everybody seems to have given up on TURN implementations,
> I did not.  On request I can provide an access to our TURN servers
> (turn-05 and rfc3489bis-15 currently, working on upgrading to turn-07).
>  I can also provide a WIP patch for Wireshark.

We now have a complete dissector for TURN-07 which also dissects RTP,
RTCP, STUN, SIP and TFTP inside the channels and SEND/DATA indications.
 Send me a direct email if you are interested of testing it.

Thanks.

-- 
Marc Petit-Huguenin           [                                 ]
Home: marc@petit-huguenin.org [RFC1855-compliant space for rent ]
Work: marc@8x8.com            [                                 ]
[ 1d3de5282a3f2775d3110560129c1ca5                              ]
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : NAT Behavioral Requirements for ICMP protocol
	Author(s)       : P. Srisuresh, et al.
	Filename        : draft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp-08.txt
	Pages           : 27
	Date            : 2008-06-09

This document specifies the behavioral properties required of the 
Network Address Translator (NAT) devices in conjunction with the
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP). The objective of this
memo is to make NAT devices more predictable and compatible with
diverse application protocols that traverse the devices. Companion
documents provide behavioral recommendations specific to TCP, UDP
and other protocols.

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draft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp-08.txt was just posted.  These changes address
DISCUSS items raised during IESG review, which can be seen at
https://datatracker.ietf.org/idtracker/draft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp/


Please review these changes and reply to the list.  I need to determine if
there is consensus for these changes so we can move the document forward.


Side-by-side differences are at:
http://www.tools.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=http://tools.ietf.org/internet-drafts/d
raft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp-08.txt

Summary of the changes:

* clarified ICMP 'query', 'error', and 'non-queryerror' message
  classifications
* In REQ-9, previous version required NATs to comply with Section 4.3
  of RFC1812, which is the ICMP section of router requirements
  document.  Version -08 softened this requirement (from MUST to
  RECOMMENDED) because many deployed routers do not meet these
  requirements, but -08 does not enumerate the specific RFC1812
  Section 4.3 requirements.
* new REQ-9b which requires ICMP 'packet too big' error messages to
  always be forwarded.  This is so that Path MTU Discovery will work.
* new REQ-10, "A NAT MAY drop or appropriately handle Non-QueryError
  ICMP messages."

-d


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Subject: [BEHAVE] [Fwd: I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
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Hi,

We have submitted the following draft describing NATs for v6 to v4 
translation.

We would very much appreciate comments you may have

Thanks, marcelo


-------- Mensaje original --------
Asunto: 	I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
Fecha: 	Tue, 10 Jun 2008 08:00:02 -0700 (PDT)
De: 	Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Responder a: 	internet-drafts@ietf.org
Para: 	i-d-announce@ietf.org



A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.

	Title           : NAT64/DNS64: Network Address and Protocol Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers
	Author(s)       : M. Bagnulo, et al.
	Filename        : draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
	Pages           : 27
	Date            : 2008-06-10

NAT64 is a mechanism for translating IPv6 packets to IPv4 packets and
vice-versa.  DNS64 is a mechanism for synthesizing AAAA records from
A records.  These two mechanisms together enable client-server
communication between an IPv6-only client and an IPv4-only server,
without requiring any changes to either the IPv6 or the IPv4 node,
for the class of applications that work through NATs.  They also
enable peer-to-peer communication between an IPv4 and an IPv6 node,
where the communication can be initiated by either end using
existing, NAT-traversing, peer-to-peer communication techniques.
This document specifies NAT64 and DNS64, and gives suggestions on how
they should be deployed.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: "'marcelo bagnulo braun'" <marcelo@it.uc3m.es>
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Subject: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
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(as an individual)

I have a few comments about the draft:

* The draft currently only talks of UDP/TCP/ICMP.  It needs to also
  discuss, or at least have placeholeders for,
    - IPSec ESP tunnel mode
    - DCCP
    - SCTP

* Can ASM or SSM multicast be supported with NAT64?

* Should discuss preserving or remarking of DSCP bits across the
  v6/v4 boundary.

* I know NAT-PT discussed an FTP-ALG and I see NAT64 does, too.
  However, in 2008 can we just rely on passive (PASV) support in the
  v6 FTP client and in the v4 FTP server so that NAT64 does not need
  to include an FTP ALG?  I ask because a seemingly significant aspect
  of NAT64 is that there are no v4-initiated connections to v6 hosts;
  non-passive FTP data connections would break that aspect.

I will send my nits separately to the authors.

-d
 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: behave-bounces@ietf.org 
> [mailto:behave-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of marcelo bagnulo braun
> Sent: Tuesday, June 10, 2008 8:05 AM
> To: Behave WG
> Subject: [BEHAVE] [Fwd: I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
> 
> Hi,
> 
> We have submitted the following draft describing NATs for v6 to v4 
> translation.
> 
> We would very much appreciate comments you may have
> 
> Thanks, marcelo
> 
> 
> -------- Mensaje original --------
> Asunto: 	I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
> Fecha: 	Tue, 10 Jun 2008 08:00:02 -0700 (PDT)
> De: 	Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> Responder a: 	internet-drafts@ietf.org
> Para: 	i-d-announce@ietf.org
> 
> 
> 
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line 
> Internet-Drafts directories.
> 
> 	Title           : NAT64/DNS64: Network Address and 
> Protocol Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers
> 	Author(s)       : M. Bagnulo, et al.
> 	Filename        : draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
> 	Pages           : 27
> 	Date            : 2008-06-10
> 
> NAT64 is a mechanism for translating IPv6 packets to IPv4 packets and
> vice-versa.  DNS64 is a mechanism for synthesizing AAAA records from
> A records.  These two mechanisms together enable client-server
> communication between an IPv6-only client and an IPv4-only server,
> without requiring any changes to either the IPv6 or the IPv4 node,
> for the class of applications that work through NATs.  They also
> enable peer-to-peer communication between an IPv4 and an IPv6 node,
> where the communication can be initiated by either end using
> existing, NAT-traversing, peer-to-peer communication techniques.
> This document specifies NAT64 and DNS64, and gives suggestions on how
> they should be deployed.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
> 
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
> 
> Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
> implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
> Internet-Draft.
> 
> 
> 

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From: marcelo bagnulo braun <marcelo@it.uc3m.es>
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Hi Dan,

thanks for the comments

see replies in-line

Dan Wing escribi=F3:
> (as an individual)
>
> I have a few comments about the draft:
>
> * The draft currently only talks of UDP/TCP/ICMP.  It needs to also
>   discuss, or at least have placeholeders for,
>     - IPSec ESP tunnel mode
>     - DCCP
>     - SCTP
>
>   =

right
actually, the requirements defined in v6ops for v4-v6 translation make =

the last two optional (i.e. SHOULD be supported) and the first one =

(IPSec) must be supported but changes in the hosts are acceptable
So, when doing this document we focused in the critical features, =

TCP/UDP/ICMP support and we left out the SHOULDs. I mean, at thsi stage =

we were exploring if we could make the basic features work, along with =

dnssec and avoiding translated connectivity when native connectivity is =

available, which are the reuqired features.

We could add the support for DCCP and SCTP if people feel it is needed =

in this document or we could make the analysis to make sure the nat64 =

allows its support and define it somewhere else, i am ok either way

W.r.t. IPSec, it will require to change the end hosts (at least one), so =

i was thinking to define the changed required to the hosts in a =

different spec (while making sure that the nat64 as defined is =

compatible with that). This is the approach used in v4 nats, but again i =

don't have a strong opinion on this neither
> * Can ASM or SSM multicast be supported with NAT64?
>
>   =


similarly to the dccp and sctp, the requirement document says that this =

should be supported and the previous comments apply

there are also other protocols, like MIP that are in the same situation
> * Should discuss preserving or remarking of DSCP bits across the
>   v6/v4 boundary.
>
>   =

good point
haven't heard any discussion about this before, so i guess the issue is =

open.
I think it would make sense to preserve them


> * I know NAT-PT discussed an FTP-ALG and I see NAT64 does, too.
>   However, in 2008 can we just rely on passive (PASV) support in the
>   v6 FTP client and in the v4 FTP server so that NAT64 does not need
>   to include an FTP ALG?  I ask because a seemingly significant aspect
>   of NAT64 is that there are no v4-initiated connections to v6 hosts;
>   non-passive FTP data connections would break that aspect.
>
>   =

we had this discussion among the authors, and Phil mentioned that


draft-ietf-behave-tcp says:
  REQ-6:  If a NAT includes ALGs that affect TCP, it is RECOMMENDED
      that all of those ALGs (except for FTP [RFC0959]) be disabled by
      default.

   Justification:  The intent of this requirement is to prevents ALGs
      from interfering with UNSAF methods.  The default state of a FTP
      ALG is left unspecified because of legacy concerns: as of writing
      this memo, a large fraction of legacy FTP clients do not enable
      passive (PASV) mode by default and require an ALG to traverse
      NATs.

and then we decided to keep it and see what the wg feeling was.

i am personally all for dropping this...

Regards, marcelo


> I will send my nits separately to the authors.
>
> -d
>  =

>
>   =

>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: behave-bounces@ietf.org =

>> [mailto:behave-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of marcelo bagnulo braun
>> Sent: Tuesday, June 10, 2008 8:05 AM
>> To: Behave WG
>> Subject: [BEHAVE] [Fwd: I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
>>
>> Hi,
>>
>> We have submitted the following draft describing NATs for v6 to v4 =

>> translation.
>>
>> We would very much appreciate comments you may have
>>
>> Thanks, marcelo
>>
>>
>> -------- Mensaje original --------
>> Asunto: 	I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
>> Fecha: 	Tue, 10 Jun 2008 08:00:02 -0700 (PDT)
>> De: 	Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>> Responder a: 	internet-drafts@ietf.org
>> Para: 	i-d-announce@ietf.org
>>
>>
>>
>> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line =

>> Internet-Drafts directories.
>>
>> 	Title           : NAT64/DNS64: Network Address and =

>> Protocol Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers
>> 	Author(s)       : M. Bagnulo, et al.
>> 	Filename        : draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
>> 	Pages           : 27
>> 	Date            : 2008-06-10
>>
>> NAT64 is a mechanism for translating IPv6 packets to IPv4 packets and
>> vice-versa.  DNS64 is a mechanism for synthesizing AAAA records from
>> A records.  These two mechanisms together enable client-server
>> communication between an IPv6-only client and an IPv4-only server,
>> without requiring any changes to either the IPv6 or the IPv4 node,
>> for the class of applications that work through NATs.  They also
>> enable peer-to-peer communication between an IPv4 and an IPv6 node,
>> where the communication can be initiated by either end using
>> existing, NAT-traversing, peer-to-peer communication techniques.
>> This document specifies NAT64 and DNS64, and gives suggestions on how
>> they should be deployed.
>>
>> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
>>
>> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
>> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>>
>> Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
>> implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
>> Internet-Draft.
>>
>>
>>
>>     =

>
>
>   =


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 =


> -----Original Message-----
> From: behave-bounces@ietf.org =

> [mailto:behave-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of marcelo bagnulo braun
> Sent: Saturday, June 14, 2008 2:02 AM
> To: Dan Wing
> Cc: 'Behave WG'
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
> =

> Hi Dan,
> =

> thanks for the comments
> =

> see replies in-line
> =

> Dan Wing escribi=F3:
> > (as an individual)
> >
> > I have a few comments about the draft:
> >
> > * The draft currently only talks of UDP/TCP/ICMP.  It needs to also
> >   discuss, or at least have placeholeders for,
> >     - IPSec ESP tunnel mode
> >     - DCCP
> >     - SCTP
>
> right
> actually, the requirements defined in v6ops for v4-v6 =

> translation =


draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00 does not cite
draft-ietf-v6ops-nat64-pb-statement-req-00 as its source of =

requirements.  If that is what nat64 is trying to meet, it
would be useful to cite the v6ops problem statement document.

> make the last two optional (i.e. SHOULD be supported)
> and the first one =

> (IPSec) must be supported but changes in the hosts are acceptable

draft-ietf-v6ops-nat64-pb-statement-req-00 says:

   R11: IPsec support.

   The translator MUST support communication between IPv4 node and IPv6
   node using UDP Encapsulation of IPsec ESP Packets as defined in
   [RFC3948] as applicable.  RFC3948 should be interpreted as with the
   IPv6 side on the IPv6-IPv4 translator being the IPv4 private side of
   the conventional NAT.  IPsec support MAY require updating also the
   IPv4 side.

For approximately the last 8 years, v4v4 NAPTs have included "IPsec
Passthrough", which allows IPsec ESP tunnel mode to work with those
NAPTs, without any host changes whatsoever.  This works for IPsec
connections initiated from the 'inside' of the NAPT.  NAT64 can =

support this same functionality as this long-standing v4v4 NAPT =

feature, and do so without host changes.

> So, when doing this document we focused in the critical features, =

> TCP/UDP/ICMP support and we left out the SHOULDs. I mean, at =

> thsi stage =

> we were exploring if we could make the basic features work, =

> along with =

> dnssec and avoiding translated connectivity when native =

> connectivity is =

> available, which are the reuqired features.
> =

> We could add the support for DCCP and SCTP if people feel it =

> is needed =

> in this document or we could make the analysis to make sure the nat64 =

> allows its support and define it somewhere else, i am ok either way

Ok.

> W.r.t. IPSec, it will require to change the end hosts (at =

> least one),

I do not believe that is necessary.

> so =

> i was thinking to define the changed required to the hosts in a =

> different spec (while making sure that the nat64 as defined is =

> compatible with that). This is the approach used in v4 nats, =

> but again i =

> don't have a strong opinion on this neither
> > * Can ASM or SSM multicast be supported with NAT64?
> >
> >   =

> =

> similarly to the dccp and sctp, the requirement document says =

> that this =

> should be supported and the previous comments apply
>
> there are also other protocols, like MIP that are in the same =

> situation
> > * Should discuss preserving or remarking of DSCP bits across the
> >   v6/v4 boundary.
> >
> >   =

> good point
> haven't heard any discussion about this before, so i guess =

> the issue is open.

I see the v6ops NAT64 requirement document is silent on DSCP.

> I think it would make sense to preserve them
> =

> =

> > * I know NAT-PT discussed an FTP-ALG and I see NAT64 does, too.
> >   However, in 2008 can we just rely on passive (PASV) support in the
> >   v6 FTP client and in the v4 FTP server so that NAT64 does not need
> >   to include an FTP ALG?  I ask because a seemingly =

> significant aspect
> >   of NAT64 is that there are no v4-initiated connections to =

> v6 hosts;
> >   non-passive FTP data connections would break that aspect.
> >
> >   =

> we had this discussion among the authors, and Phil mentioned that
> =

> =

> draft-ietf-behave-tcp says:
>   REQ-6:  If a NAT includes ALGs that affect TCP, it is RECOMMENDED
>       that all of those ALGs (except for FTP [RFC0959]) be disabled by
>       default.
> =

>    Justification:  The intent of this requirement is to prevents ALGs
>       from interfering with UNSAF methods.  The default state of a FTP
>       ALG is left unspecified because of legacy concerns: as =

> of writing
>       this memo, a large fraction of legacy FTP clients do not enable
>       passive (PASV) mode by default and require an ALG to traverse
>       NATs.
> =

> and then we decided to keep it and see what the wg feeling was.
> =

> i am personally all for dropping this...

-d

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] A few minor comments on
	draft-ietf-behave-nat-behavior-discovery-03
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Inline.

On Mon, Apr 14, 2008 at 1:14 PM, Philip Matthews <philip_matthews@magma.ca>
wrote:

> I know this comes after WGLC, but here are a few minor comments on this
> draft. Note that I haven't finished reading the document, but I am sending
> these out now in case they are helpful.
>
> - Philip
>
>
> * The wording of this draft seems to imply that it is an experimental
> extension to draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis (and not, for example, RFC 3489).
> Perhaps it would be good to make a definite statement about this in the
> introduction section?
>
The intro states that this is a usage of bis.

>
> * From the draft:
> 4.2.  Determining NAT Mapping Behavior
>
>   This will require at most three tests.  In test I, the client
>   performs the UDP connectivity test.  The server will return its
>   alternate address and port in OTHER-ADDRESS in the binding response.
>   If OTHER-ADDRESS is not returned, the server does not support this
>   usage and this test cannot be run.  The client examines the XOR-
>   MAPPED-ADDRESS attribute.  If this address and port are the same as
>   the local IP address and port of the socket used to send the request,
>   the client knows that it is not NATed and the effective mapping will
>   be Endpoint-Independent.
>
> What about the case of cascaded NATs where the address gets reused in a
> different addressing domain? This will give the wrong result.
>
> This failure seems different than some other failures in that it is not the
> NAT that is "faking out" the test, but rather a consequence of the network
> topology.
>
Don't see how we could do anything here; what is being discovered is the
effective mapping behaviour of the Nat(s) between the client and the stun
server. The test will still return the effective mapping behavior.

>
>
> * Is section 4 normative or informative?
>
Normative.

>
> * From the draft:
>     the server. Therefore, a client MUST be prepared for receiving a 420
> s/for receiving/to receive/
>
> Fixed-thanks:)

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Inline.<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Apr 14, 2008 at 1:14 PM, Philip Matthews &lt;<a href="mailto:philip_matthews@magma.ca">philip_matthews@magma.ca</a>&gt; wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
I know this comes after WGLC, but here are a few minor comments on this draft. Note that I haven&#39;t finished reading the document, but I am sending these out now in case they are helpful.<br>
<br>
- Philip<br>
<br>
<br>
* The wording of this draft seems to imply that it is an experimental extension to draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis (and not, for example, RFC 3489). Perhaps it would be good to make a definite statement about this in the introduction section?<br>

</blockquote><div>The intro states that this is a usage of bis. <br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;"><br>
* From the draft:<br>
4.2. &nbsp;Determining NAT Mapping Behavior<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; This will require at most three tests. &nbsp;In test I, the client<br>
 &nbsp; performs the UDP connectivity test. &nbsp;The server will return its<br>
 &nbsp; alternate address and port in OTHER-ADDRESS in the binding response.<br>
 &nbsp; If OTHER-ADDRESS is not returned, the server does not support this<br>
 &nbsp; usage and this test cannot be run. &nbsp;The client examines the XOR-<br>
 &nbsp; MAPPED-ADDRESS attribute. &nbsp;If this address and port are the same as<br>
 &nbsp; the local IP address and port of the socket used to send the request,<br>
 &nbsp; the client knows that it is not NATed and the effective mapping will<br>
 &nbsp; be Endpoint-Independent.<br>
<br>
What about the case of cascaded NATs where the address gets reused in a different addressing domain? This will give the wrong result.<br>
<br>
This failure seems different than some other failures in that it is not the NAT that is &quot;faking out&quot; the test, but rather a consequence of the network topology.<br>
</blockquote><div>Don&#39;t see how we could do anything here; what is being discovered is the effective mapping behaviour of the Nat(s) between the client and the stun server. The test will still return the effective mapping behavior. <br>
</div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;"><br>
<br>
* Is section 4 normative or informative?<br>
</blockquote><div>Normative. <br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;"><br>
* From the draft:<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; the server. Therefore, a client MUST be prepared for receiving a 420<br>
s/for receiving/to receive/<br>
<br>
</blockquote></div>Fixed-thanks:)<br><br><br>

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So, my take-away from this is that nothing needs to be changed?

On Fri, Mar 21, 2008 at 10:08 AM, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:

>
> > > draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-15, bottom of page 6:
> > >
> > >   For request/response transactions, this transaction ID allows
> > >   the client to associate the response with the request that
> > >   generated it; for indications, this serves as a debugging aid.
> > >
> >
> > so what you are saying is that, by default, the STUN Client
> > does not check the source address of the STUN Response.
>
> I didn't see text in rfc3489bis that said the port of the response
> needed to be checked.  I believe behavior-discovery needs to
> send response packets from different ports and from different
> IP addresses in order to do some of its checks.
>
> > But it can be overridden by the usage, like e.g. ICE:
> >
> >
> >
> > 7.1.2.2.  Success Cases
> >
> >    A check is considered to be a success if all of the following are
> >    true:
> >
> >    o  the STUN transaction generated a success response
> >
> >    o  the source IP address and port of the response equals the
> >       destination IP address and port that the Binding
> > Request was sent
> >       to
> >
> >    o  the destination IP address and port of the response match the
> >       source IP address and port that the Binding Request was
> > sent from
>
> Right.
>
> > Is is specified in the TURN-07 draft that the TURN client should check
> > the source address of any STUN Response, btw?
>
> I don't believe so.
>
> But, considering that TURN is most often used when the TURN client
> is behind a 'symmetric' NAT, the TURN server needs to be very careful
> and send the STUN Response using the source IP address of the STUN
> request.  Otherwise, the TURN server's response will not get through
> the symmetric NAT at all.
>
> -d
>
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>

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So, my take-away from this is that nothing needs to be changed?<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 21, 2008 at 10:08 AM, Dan Wing &lt;<a href="mailto:dwing@cisco.com">dwing@cisco.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<div class="Ih2E3d"><br>
&gt; &gt; draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-15, bottom of page 6:<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; For request/response transactions, this transaction ID allows<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; the client to associate the response with the request that<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; generated it; for indications, this serves as a debugging aid.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; so what you are saying is that, by default, the STUN Client<br>
&gt; does not check the source address of the STUN Response.<br>
<br>
</div>I didn&#39;t see text in rfc3489bis that said the port of the response<br>
needed to be checked. &nbsp;I believe behavior-discovery needs to<br>
send response packets from different ports and from different<br>
IP addresses in order to do some of its checks.<br>
<div class="Ih2E3d"><br>
&gt; But it can be overridden by the usage, like e.g. ICE:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; <a href="http://7.1.2.2" target="_blank">7.1.2.2</a>. &nbsp;Success Cases<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;A check is considered to be a success if all of the following are<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;true:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;o &nbsp;the STUN transaction generated a success response<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;o &nbsp;the source IP address and port of the response equals the<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; destination IP address and port that the Binding<br>
&gt; Request was sent<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; to<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;o &nbsp;the destination IP address and port of the response match the<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; source IP address and port that the Binding Request was<br>
&gt; sent from<br>
<br>
</div>Right.<br>
<div class="Ih2E3d"><br>
&gt; Is is specified in the TURN-07 draft that the TURN client should check<br>
&gt; the source address of any STUN Response, btw?<br>
<br>
</div>I don&#39;t believe so.<br>
<br>
But, considering that TURN is most often used when the TURN client<br>
is behind a &#39;symmetric&#39; NAT, the TURN server needs to be very careful<br>
and send the STUN Response using the source IP address of the STUN<br>
request. &nbsp;Otherwise, the TURN server&#39;s response will not get through<br>
the symmetric NAT at all.<br>
<font color="#888888"><br>
-d<br>
</font><div><div></div><div class="Wj3C7c"><br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Behave mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:Behave@ietf.org">Behave@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave" target="_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave</a><br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br>

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> -----Original Message-----
> From: derek.macdonald@gmail.com 
> [mailto:derek.macdonald@gmail.com] On Behalf Of Derek MacDonald
> Sent: Sunday, June 15, 2008 2:49 PM
> To: Dan Wing
> Cc: Alfred E. Heggestad; Behave WG; Philip Matthews
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Determining NAT Filtering Behavior
> 
> So, my take-away from this is that nothing needs to be changed?

That is my summary, yes.

-d
 
> On Fri, Mar 21, 2008 at 10:08 AM, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:
> 
> 
> 
> 	> > draft-ietf-behave-rfc3489bis-15, bottom of page 6:
> 	> >
> 	> >   For request/response transactions, this 
> transaction ID allows
> 	> >   the client to associate the response with the request that
> 	> >   generated it; for indications, this serves as a 
> debugging aid.
> 	> >
> 	>
> 	> so what you are saying is that, by default, the STUN Client
> 	> does not check the source address of the STUN Response.
> 	
> 	
> 	I didn't see text in rfc3489bis that said the port of 
> the response
> 	needed to be checked.  I believe behavior-discovery needs to
> 	send response packets from different ports and from different
> 	IP addresses in order to do some of its checks.
> 	
> 
> 	> But it can be overridden by the usage, like e.g. ICE:
> 	>
> 	>
> 	>
> 	> 7.1.2.2.  Success Cases
> 	>
> 	>    A check is considered to be a success if all of 
> the following are
> 	>    true:
> 	>
> 	>    o  the STUN transaction generated a success response
> 	>
> 	>    o  the source IP address and port of the response 
> equals the
> 	>       destination IP address and port that the Binding
> 	> Request was sent
> 	>       to
> 	>
> 	>    o  the destination IP address and port of the 
> response match the
> 	>       source IP address and port that the Binding Request was
> 	> sent from
> 	
> 	
> 	Right.
> 	
> 
> 	> Is is specified in the TURN-07 draft that the TURN 
> client should check
> 	> the source address of any STUN Response, btw?
> 	
> 	
> 	I don't believe so.
> 	
> 	But, considering that TURN is most often used when the 
> TURN client
> 	is behind a 'symmetric' NAT, the TURN server needs to 
> be very careful
> 	and send the STUN Response using the source IP address 
> of the STUN
> 	request.  Otherwise, the TURN server's response will 
> not get through
> 	the symmetric NAT at all.
> 	
> 	-d
> 	
> 
> 	_______________________________________________
> 	Behave mailing list
> 	Behave@ietf.org
> 	https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
> 	
> 
> 
> 

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below...

Dan Wing escribi=F3:
>  =

>>> * The draft currently only talks of UDP/TCP/ICMP.  It needs to also
>>>   discuss, or at least have placeholeders for,
>>>     - IPSec ESP tunnel mode
>>>     - DCCP
>>>     - SCTP
>>>       =

>> right
>> actually, the requirements defined in v6ops for v4-v6 =

>> translation =

>>     =

>
> draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00 does not cite
> draft-ietf-v6ops-nat64-pb-statement-req-00 as its source of =

> requirements.  If that is what nat64 is trying to meet, it
> would be useful to cite the v6ops problem statement document.
>
>   =

right

we were planning to include a section describing how nat64 complies with =

the requirements, but didn't make it for the first version (but we =

shoudl have probably include a placeholder at least...)

>> make the last two optional (i.e. SHOULD be supported)
>> and the first one =

>> (IPSec) must be supported but changes in the hosts are acceptable
>>     =

>
> draft-ietf-v6ops-nat64-pb-statement-req-00 says:
>
>    R11: IPsec support.
>
>    The translator MUST support communication between IPv4 node and IPv6
>    node using UDP Encapsulation of IPsec ESP Packets as defined in
>    [RFC3948] as applicable.  RFC3948 should be interpreted as with the
>    IPv6 side on the IPv6-IPv4 translator being the IPv4 private side of
>    the conventional NAT.  IPsec support MAY require updating also the
>    IPv4 side.
>
> For approximately the last 8 years, v4v4 NAPTs have included "IPsec
> Passthrough", which allows IPsec ESP tunnel mode to work with those
> NAPTs, without any host changes whatsoever.  This works for IPsec
> connections initiated from the 'inside' of the NAPT.  NAT64 can =

> support this same functionality as this long-standing v4v4 NAPT =

> feature, and do so without host changes.
>
>   =

right, but my understanding is that in the nat64 case, we will need some =

host support
I mean, in the nat64 one side is v4 only and the other side is v6 only
the packet inside the IPSec tunnel will have an IP header, that cannot =

be translated cause is protected by IPSec
so, it is hard that this will work without v6 only host completely =

lacking v4 support and v4 only node completely lacking v6 support, if =

you see my point

So, it seems that the easier modification is for the v6 only node to =

impleent a v4 stack, and can parse the v4 header inside the ipsec tunnel
But this is considered host changes

in addition to that, we need to understand how to provision the v4 =

configuration for the v6 node that is in a v6 only network (i.e. the v4 =

address and the mask)

so i think more analysis is needed and i am not sure if the host =

modifications should fit in the nat64 document
>> So, when doing this document we focused in the critical features, =

>> TCP/UDP/ICMP support and we left out the SHOULDs. I mean, at =

>> thsi stage =

>> we were exploring if we could make the basic features work, =

>> along with =

>> dnssec and avoiding translated connectivity when native =

>> connectivity is =

>> available, which are the reuqired features.
>>
>> We could add the support for DCCP and SCTP if people feel it =

>> is needed =

>> in this document or we could make the analysis to make sure the nat64 =

>> allows its support and define it somewhere else, i am ok either way
>>     =

>
> Ok.
>
>   =

>> W.r.t. IPSec, it will require to change the end hosts (at =

>> least one),
>>     =

>
> I do not believe that is necessary.
>
>   =

>> so =

>> i was thinking to define the changed required to the hosts in a =

>> different spec (while making sure that the nat64 as defined is =

>> compatible with that). This is the approach used in v4 nats, =

>> but again i =

>> don't have a strong opinion on this neither
>>     =

>>> * Can ASM or SSM multicast be supported with NAT64?
>>>
>>>   =

>>>       =

>> similarly to the dccp and sctp, the requirement document says =

>> that this =

>> should be supported and the previous comments apply
>>
>> there are also other protocols, like MIP that are in the same =

>> situation
>>     =

>>> * Should discuss preserving or remarking of DSCP bits across the
>>>   v6/v4 boundary.
>>>
>>>   =

>>>       =

>> good point
>> haven't heard any discussion about this before, so i guess =

>> the issue is open.
>>     =

>
> I see the v6ops NAT64 requirement document is silent on DSCP.
>
>   =


ooops

this was mentioned in the phily meeting so it should be there

will be there in the next version of the document


regards, marcelo

>> I think it would make sense to preserve them
>>
>>
>>     =

>>> * I know NAT-PT discussed an FTP-ALG and I see NAT64 does, too.
>>>   However, in 2008 can we just rely on passive (PASV) support in the
>>>   v6 FTP client and in the v4 FTP server so that NAT64 does not need
>>>   to include an FTP ALG?  I ask because a seemingly =

>>>       =

>> significant aspect
>>     =

>>>   of NAT64 is that there are no v4-initiated connections to =

>>>       =

>> v6 hosts;
>>     =

>>>   non-passive FTP data connections would break that aspect.
>>>
>>>   =

>>>       =

>> we had this discussion among the authors, and Phil mentioned that
>>
>>
>> draft-ietf-behave-tcp says:
>>   REQ-6:  If a NAT includes ALGs that affect TCP, it is RECOMMENDED
>>       that all of those ALGs (except for FTP [RFC0959]) be disabled by
>>       default.
>>
>>    Justification:  The intent of this requirement is to prevents ALGs
>>       from interfering with UNSAF methods.  The default state of a FTP
>>       ALG is left unspecified because of legacy concerns: as =

>> of writing
>>       this memo, a large fraction of legacy FTP clients do not enable
>>       passive (PASV) mode by default and require an ALG to traverse
>>       NATs.
>>
>> and then we decided to keep it and see what the wg feeling was.
>>
>> i am personally all for dropping this...
>>     =

>
> -d
>
>
>   =


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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
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> > For approximately the last 8 years, v4v4 NAPTs have included "IPsec
> > Passthrough", which allows IPsec ESP tunnel mode to work with those
> > NAPTs, without any host changes whatsoever.  This works for IPsec
> > connections initiated from the 'inside' of the NAPT.  NAT64 can 
> > support this same functionality as this long-standing v4v4 NAPT 
> > feature, and do so without host changes.
>
> right, but my understanding is that in the nat64 case, we 
> will need some host support
> I mean, in the nat64 one side is v4 only and the other side is v6 only
> the packet inside the IPSec tunnel will have an IP header, 
> that cannot 
> be translated cause is protected by IPSec
> so, it is hard that this will work without v6 only host completely 
> lacking v4 support and v4 only node completely lacking v6 support, if 
> you see my point
> 
> So, it seems that the easier modification is for the v6 only node to 
> impleent a v4 stack, and can parse the v4 header inside the 
> ipsec tunnel
> But this is considered host changes
> 
> in addition to that, we need to understand how to provision the v4 
> configuration for the v6 node that is in a v6 only network 
> (i.e. the v4 
> address and the mask)
> 
> so i think more analysis is needed and i am not sure if the host 
> modifications should fit in the nat64 document

v4/v6 inside of the IPsec tunnel is not a NAT64 issue, rather it is an IPsec
issue.  And yes the client host or the server host will have to understand
that just because the packet was sent via v6 (in the IPsec client's view) or
received via v4 (in the IPsec server's view), has no bearing on the IP family
of the packets inside the tunnel.

What I was bringing up, though, is my desire for NAT64 to describe how IPsec
ESP tunnel-mode can be supported in NAT64, without the IPsec ESP tunnel-mode
needing to be sent over UDP.  That is, for NAT64 to describe and standardize
the feature that has been in consumer-grade NATs for ~8 years for v4v4 NATting
of IPsec ESP tunnel mode, and describe IPsec ESP tunnel mode packets being
NATting much the same as the current text describes TCP, UDP, and ICMP.

-d

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Dan Wing escribi=F3:
>>> For approximately the last 8 years, v4v4 NAPTs have included "IPsec
>>> Passthrough", which allows IPsec ESP tunnel mode to work with those
>>> NAPTs, without any host changes whatsoever.  This works for IPsec
>>> connections initiated from the 'inside' of the NAPT.  NAT64 can =

>>> support this same functionality as this long-standing v4v4 NAPT =

>>> feature, and do so without host changes.
>>>       =

>> right, but my understanding is that in the nat64 case, we =

>> will need some host support
>> I mean, in the nat64 one side is v4 only and the other side is v6 only
>> the packet inside the IPSec tunnel will have an IP header, =

>> that cannot =

>> be translated cause is protected by IPSec
>> so, it is hard that this will work without v6 only host completely =

>> lacking v4 support and v4 only node completely lacking v6 support, if =

>> you see my point
>>
>> So, it seems that the easier modification is for the v6 only node to =

>> impleent a v4 stack, and can parse the v4 header inside the =

>> ipsec tunnel
>> But this is considered host changes
>>
>> in addition to that, we need to understand how to provision the v4 =

>> configuration for the v6 node that is in a v6 only network =

>> (i.e. the v4 =

>> address and the mask)
>>
>> so i think more analysis is needed and i am not sure if the host =

>> modifications should fit in the nat64 document
>>     =

>
> v4/v6 inside of the IPsec tunnel is not a NAT64 issue, rather it is an IP=
sec
> issue.  And yes the client host or the server host will have to understand
> that just because the packet was sent via v6 (in the IPsec client's view)=
 or
> received via v4 (in the IPsec server's view), has no bearing on the IP fa=
mily
> of the packets inside the tunnel.
>
> What I was bringing up, though, is my desire for NAT64 to describe how IP=
sec
> ESP tunnel-mode can be supported in NAT64, without the IPsec ESP tunnel-m=
ode
> needing to be sent over UDP.  That is, for NAT64 to describe and standard=
ize
> the feature that has been in consumer-grade NATs for ~8 years for v4v4 NA=
Tting
> of IPsec ESP tunnel mode, and describe IPsec ESP tunnel mode packets being
> NATting much the same as the current text describes TCP, UDP, and ICMP.
>   =


right
i agree that needs to be included in the nat64 document
but i also think that we need a document that explains how this is used =

by the ipsec endpoints and how do they deal with the inner header
makes sense?

regards, marcelo


> -d
>
>
>   =


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Hi,

> 1.2.2.  Walkthough
...
>    The local name server needs to know the /96 prefix assigned to the
>    local NAT64 (Pref64::/96).  For the purpose of this example, we
>    assume it learns this through manual configuration.

I believe that quite a bit more discussion is needed about
the assumed topology. Because of this configuration requirement
(or any reasonable assumptions about a discovery protocol) it seems
likely that the IPv6 host, the NAT64 and the DNS64 must be in the
same administrative domain. If not, how can things be managed
securely?

> 3.1.  Synthentic AAAA RRs
...
>    TBD: Do we always want synthetic RRs to have a TTL of 0?  Is it ever
>    reasonable or desirable to cache them?

In fact I think it's highly desirable to cache them. It seems extremely
common that the same name is resolved locally numerous times in succession
within a few seconds or a few minutes. What is the problem with a TTL
that is always less than the binding lifetime in the NAT64?

> 3.3.  DNS64
...
>    If this query results in an empty result or in
>    an error, this result is returned to the client.  

Even in this case, the result has to be synthetic I think
(original AAAA query followed by empty answer or error).

BTW, what about inverse queries?

>    To ensure endpoint-independent mapping behavior, a given IPv6 host
>    must always use the same NAT64.  

I don't understand why this matters. As long as a given flow uses
the same {DNS64,NAT64} pair, why would it matter? (This is linked
to the TTL question - if the TTL is zero, it surely can't matter.
If there is a TTL, it matters until the TTL expires.)

...
>    Furthermore, it is highly desirable to synthesize the AAAA records as
>    close as possible to the host that will use them.  This helps ensure
>    that a given host always uses the same NAT64.

Again, why does it matter? It's using a consistent {DNS64,NAT64} pair
that matters.
...
>    TBD: What does a DNS64 do when a query for an A record returns a
>    CNAME record and an A record?  The SAS option, as currently defined,
>    flags ALL records in the answer section as synthetic.  Does the DNS64
>    return just a CNAME record?  Does it return just an AAAA record?  Or
>    does it return a real CNAME record and a synthetic AAAA record in the
>    answer section -- something that the current rules do not allow.

The last one seems obviously correct, so why not change the rules?

Finally a general point. As far as I can see there is no problem
with a scenario like

IPv6----NAT64--(public addresses)--NAT44--(private addresses)--IPv4

and it seems quite likely to a frequent case. It's probably worth
noting that this will work correctly.

     Brian






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> > What I was bringing up, though, is my desire for NAT64 to 
> > describe how IPsec
> > ESP tunnel-mode can be supported in NAT64, without the 
> > IPsec ESP tunnel-mode
> > needing to be sent over UDP.  That is, for NAT64 to 
> > describe and standardize
> > the feature that has been in consumer-grade NATs for ~8 
> > years for v4v4 NATting
> > of IPsec ESP tunnel mode, and describe IPsec ESP tunnel 
> > mode packets being
> > NATting much the same as the current text describes TCP, 
> > UDP, and ICMP.
> >   
> 
> right
> i agree that needs to be included in the nat64 document
> but i also think that we need a document that explains how 
> this is used 
> by the ipsec endpoints and how do they deal with the inner header
> makes sense?

I expect that IPsec ESP tunnel mode does not assume or require the IP family
of the tunneled traffic to have the same IP family of the IPsec tunnel itself.
But if it does then I agree a document needs to be written that describes how
this would work.

-d


> regards, marcelo
> 
> 
> > -d
> >
> >
> >   
> 

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Hi Brian,

thanks for the comments

see replies below...

Brian E Carpenter escribi=F3:
> Hi,
>
>   =

>> 1.2.2.  Walkthough
>>     =

> ...
>   =

>>    The local name server needs to know the /96 prefix assigned to the
>>    local NAT64 (Pref64::/96).  For the purpose of this example, we
>>    assume it learns this through manual configuration.
>>     =

>
> I believe that quite a bit more discussion is needed about
> the assumed topology.

maybe
>  Because of this configuration requirement
> (or any reasonable assumptions about a discovery protocol) it seems
> likely that the IPv6 host, the NAT64 and the DNS64 must be in the
> same administrative domain. If not, how can things be managed
> securely?
>
>   =

What i had in mind is that the NAT64 and that the DNS64 need to have =

some form of trust relationship, since the DNS64 needs to generate the =

synthetic AAAA RR including the Pref64 of the NAT64 box, so there must =

be a way to convey the Pref64 to the DNS64 securely. One option is as =

you say that the NAT64 and the DNS64 are in the same domain, so there is =

some implicit trust there (but there can be others, Iljitsch was =

proposing some dhcp option to convey the pref64 and it could be manually =

configured)

However, i am not sure i see the need for the IPv6 host to be in the =

same domain than the NAT64 and the DNS64...

Suppose the following configuration


+----------------+
| IPv6 ISP       |
|            +-------+    +--------+
|            |  NAT64|----|  IPv4  | =

|            |  DNS64|    |Internet|
|            +-------+    +--------+
|                |
+----------------+
        |
   +---------+
   | v6 site |
   |         |
   | v6 host |
   +---------+

I think this should work fine
The v6 ISP is announcing to the v6 site either a default route either =

its prefix (whcih contains Pref64 for his NAT64)

Do you think there is an issue here?

>> 3.1.  Synthentic AAAA RRs
>>     =

> ...
>   =

>>    TBD: Do we always want synthetic RRs to have a TTL of 0?  Is it ever
>>    reasonable or desirable to cache them?
>>     =

>
> In fact I think it's highly desirable to cache them. It seems extremely
> common that the same name is resolved locally numerous times in succession
> within a few seconds or a few minutes. What is the problem with a TTL
> that is always less than the binding lifetime in the NAT64?
>
>   =

No, i don't think there is a problem in the general case, but the NAT64 =

may be down or some other wierd things can happen that would make this fail

Actually the proposal to make TTL 0 is more a general design =

consideration than a measure to deal with a specific issue
The synthetic AAAA RR should not be around much cause they are synthetic =

and we thought (especially i thought :-) that they should disappear asap

>> 3.3.  DNS64
>>     =

> ...
>   =

>>    If this query results in an empty result or in
>>    an error, this result is returned to the client.  =

>>     =

>
> Even in this case, the result has to be synthetic I think
> (original AAAA query followed by empty answer or error).
>
>   =

don't know
why do you think this is needed?

> BTW, what about inverse queries?
>
>   =

good point!
I guess that the DNS64 should handle those and i think this should be =

possible, since the Pref64 belong to the site.
But we need to figure this out indeed

>>    To ensure endpoint-independent mapping behavior, a given IPv6 host
>>    must always use the same NAT64.  =

>>     =

>
> I don't understand why this matters. As long as a given flow uses
> the same {DNS64,NAT64} pair, why would it matter? (This is linked
> to the TTL question - if the TTL is zero, it surely can't matter.
> If there is a TTL, it matters until the TTL expires.)
>
>   =

But if a given host uses two different NAT64 it would appear to the v4 =

world with two different IP addresses and that would somehow be =

incompatible with endpoint indepedence?
Maybe this is stretching the definition of endpoint indepdence a bit too =

much, cause endpoint independence is about a single nat box?


> ...
>   =

>>    Furthermore, it is highly desirable to synthesize the AAAA records as
>>    close as possible to the host that will use them.  This helps ensure
>>    that a given host always uses the same NAT64.
>>     =

>
> Again, why does it matter? It's using a consistent {DNS64,NAT64} pair
> that matters.
> ...
>   =


same than above

>>    TBD: What does a DNS64 do when a query for an A record returns a
>>    CNAME record and an A record?  The SAS option, as currently defined,
>>    flags ALL records in the answer section as synthetic.  Does the DNS64
>>    return just a CNAME record?  Does it return just an AAAA record?  Or
>>    does it return a real CNAME record and a synthetic AAAA record in the
>>    answer section -- something that the current rules do not allow.
>>     =

>
> The last one seems obviously correct, so why not change the rules?
>
>   =

right
at this point we wanted to keep the draft as simple as possible
when we start adding support for specific cases, complexity grows =

immediately and nobody can follow the draft :-)

we could add some flags to the sas option

we been through this path and we end up with quite complicated =

interaction between flags, caching servers and other elements.

I mean, this is an optimization, since the host could get the CNAME and =

then query for the AAAA RR and get the synthetic AAAA RR back with the =

SAS option

IMHO, we need to identify which are the relevant cases and support =

optimizations for that, but for all cases

so if people think this is one of the relevant cases, we can do that


> Finally a general point. As far as I can see there is no problem
> with a scenario like
>
> IPv6----NAT64--(public addresses)--NAT44--(private addresses)--IPv4
>
> and it seems quite likely to a frequent case. It's probably worth
> noting that this will work correctly.
>   =

I understand that the communication is initiated from the v6 host, right?

If so, this is supported with ICE, isn't it?

I mean how else it is possible to open a hole in the nat44 to receive =

incoming communications?

regards, marcelo


>      Brian
>
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>
>   =


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Copying the WG on the reply to this.

On Fri, 13-Jun-08, at 15:32 , Dan Wing wrote:
> Here are my nits.
>
> -d
>
> -----
>
>
>> 1.  Introduction
> ...
>>   The NAT64 and DNS64 mechanisms are related to the NAT-PT mechanism
>>   defined in [RFC2766], but significant differences exist.  First,
>>   NAT64 does not define the NATPT mechanisms used to support IPv6  
>> only
>>   servers to be contacted by IPv4 only clients, but only defines the
>>   mechanisms for IPv6 clients to contact IPv4 servers and its  
>> potential
>>   reuse to support peer to peer communications through standard NAT
>>   traversal techniques.  Second, NAT64 includes a set of features  
>> that
>>   overcomes many of the reasons the original NAT-PT specification was
>>   moved to historic status [RFC4966].
>
> It would be good to briefly enumerate those differences.  I admit  
> that I
> am not intimate with NAT-PT, so the only difference that I am aware of
> is EDNS0.  I think another difference is that the NAT64 and DNS64  
> functions
> do not talk to each other and share state, and I /think/ that NAT-PT  
> had
> them share state.  I don't know for sure, though.

I agree that a section enumerating the differences between this draft  
and RFC 2766 would be good.


>
>
>
>
>> 1.1.  Features of NAT64
> ...
>>   o  It enables IPv6-only nodes to initiate a client-server  
>> connection
>>      with an IPv4-only server, without needing any changes on either
>>      IPv4 or IPv6 nodes.  This works for the same class of  
>> applications
>>      that work through IPv4-to-IPv4 NATs.
>                                       ^^^^
>
> This should be "NAPTs" -- or you should indicate in your terminology  
> section
> that any reference to v4-to-v4 NAT is really to a v4-to-v4 NAPT.

Almost everyone today uses "NAT" to mean "NAPT". And the STUN and TURN  
documents do the same.
But we can add something about this.

>
>
>>
>>   o  It supports peer-to-peer communication between IPv4 and IPv6
>>      nodes, including the ability for IPv4 nodes to initiate
>>      communcation with IPv6 nodes using peer-to-peer techniques  
>> (i.e.,
>>      using a rendezvous server and ICE).  To this end, NAT64 is
>>      compliant with the recommendations for how NATs should handle  
>> UDP
>>      [RFC4787], TCP [I-D.ietf-behave-tcp], and ICMP
>>      [I-D.ietf-behave-nat-icmp].
>>
>>   o  Compatible with ICE.
>>
>>   o  Supports additional features with some changes on nodes.  These
>>      features include:
>>
>>      *  Support for DNSSec
>>
>>      *  Some forms of IPSec support
>>
>>      *  Increased ability to detect when there is a communication  
>> path
>>         that does not involve translating between IPv6 and IPv4.   
>> This
>>         is achieved by marking synthetic DNS AAAA resource records
>>         which usage would result in translated connectivity, so that
>>         the sender can prefer using non-synthetic records when it is
>               ^^^^^^
> the use of "sender" is a bit unclear, and could be referring to the  
> DNS64
> "sender" (replying to the DNS query).  How about "host initiating the
> connection" or something.

OK.

>
>
>
> ...
>> 1.2.2.  Walkthough
> ...
>>   5.  H1 receives the synthetic AAAA record and sends a packet  
>> towards
>>       H2.  The packet is sent from a source transport address of  
>> (Y',y)
>>       to a destination transport address of (Pref64:X,x), where y  
>> and x
>>       are ports chosen by H2.
>                             ^^
> should be "H1".

Yup.

>
>
>
>>   6.  The packet is routed to the IPv6 interface of the NAT64 (since
>>       Pref64::/96 has been associated to this interface).
>>
>>   7.  The NAT64 receives the packet and performs the following  
>> actions:
>>
>>       *  The NAT64 selects an unused port t on its IPv4 address T and
>>          creates the mapping entry (Y',y) <--> (T,t)
>>
>>       *  The NAT64 translates the IPv6 header into an IPv4 header  
>> using
>>          SIIT.
>>
>>       *  The NAT64 includes (T,t) as source transport address in the
>>          packet and (X,x) as destination transport address in the
>>          packet.  Note that X is extracted directly from the lower 32
>>          bits of the destination IPv6 address of the received IPv6
>>          packet that is being translated.
>
> Need to add text indicating where "x" (the port) is taken from.

It is mentioned in point 5, but we can make this clearer.

>
>
> Can this be made protocol-agnostic (UDP, TCP, DCCP)?  Or almost  
> protocol
> agnostic?

Well, the NAT64 needs to know where the port fields are, and also  
needs to know how to update the checksum. Did you have anything else  
in mind?


>
>
>
>>       The NAT64 sends the translated packet out its IPv4 interface  
>> and
>>       the packet arrives at H2.
>>
>>   8.  H2 node responds by sending a packet with destination transport
>>       address (T,t) and source transport address (X,x).
>>
>>   9.  The packet is routed to the NAT64 box, which will look for an
>>       existing mapping containing (T,t).  Since the mapping (Y',y)  
>> <-->
>>       (T,t) exists, the NAT64 performs the following operations:
>>
>>       *  The NAT64 translates the IPv4 header into an IPv6 header  
>> using
>>          SIIT.
>>
>>       *  The NAT64 includes (Y',y) as source transport address in the
>>          packet and (Pref64:X,x) as destination transport address in
>>          the packet.  Note that X is extracted directly from the  
>> source
>>          IPv4 address of the received IPv4 packet that is being
>>          translated.
>
> I believe the text in the bullet above is backwards -- the NAT64  
> would not
> send a packet with (Fref64:X,x) as the destination address.

Yup. The description of the source and destination transport addresses  
need to be swapped.
>
>
>
>>       The translated packet is sent out the IPv6 interface to H2.
>>
>>   The packet exchange between H1 and H2 continues and packets are
>>   translated in the different directions as previously described.
>>
>>   It is important to note that the translation still works if the  
>> IPv6
>>   initiator H1 learns the IPv4 address through some scheme other  
>> than a
>>   DNS look-up.  This is because the DNS64 processing does NOT  
>> result in
>>   any state installed in the NAT64 box and because the mapping of the
>>   IPv4 address into an IPv6 address is the result of concatenating  
>> the
>>   prefix defined within the site for this purpose (called Pref64::/96
>>   in this document) to the original IPv4 address.
>
> Does this mean that straight IPv4 addresses will work, like http://1.2.3.4 
>  ??
>
> I believe the answer is yes if the NAT64 function is part of the v6- 
> only host,
> but I believe the answer is no if the NAT64 function is in a  
> separate box.  It
> would be good to expand on this.

I believe you are right.

What we meant was that things would still work if Pref64:1.2.3.4 was  
learned through other means; for example, through a binding  
transaction with a STUN server, or though a rendezvous server like  
those used in HIP or being considered in P2PSIP. Clearly the v4  
address won't work without the prefix. And I agree we should explain  
this better.

>
>
> ...
>> 3.3.  DNS64
> ...
>>   To ensure endpoint-independent mapping behavior, a given IPv6 host
>>   must always use the same NAT64.  This, in turn, means that any
>>   synthetic AAAA records used by the host must always use the same
>>   prefix.  To ensure this, if a DNS64 has multiple Pref64::/96  
>> prefixes
>>   configured, it SHOULD ensure that the same prefix is used for all
>>   AAAA records returned to a given host across all queries.  A
>>   reasonable exception would be when the DNS64 knows, through some
>>   unspecified means, that the NAT64 associated with a Pref64::/96
>>   prefix is no longer functional.
>
> A v6 host can have multiple v6 addresses.  So, I think the above text
> needs to be adjusted to say "v6 address" rather than "host", because  
> it
> is difficult-to-impossible for the NAT64 to know if two v6 addresses  
> belong
> to the same host.  I don't see a problem with making the change -- the
> *host* doesn't need to see the same mapping, but a v6 application  
> using
> the same v6 address does, so I think the text can be safely adjusted  
> to
> refer to v6 address.  Please let me know if you disagree.

I think you are right. Good catch.

>
>
>
>
>>   Furthermore, it is highly desirable to synthesize the AAAA  
>> records as
>>   close as possible to the host that will use them.  This helps  
>> ensure
>>   that a given host always uses the same NAT64.
>
>
> This statement needs more justification text.  If I imagine that my  
> DNS64
> is on the other side of the globe, I do not see how a worse problem is
> created due to the location of my DNS64.

You want to synthesize as closely as possible to the host because you  
want to make sure to always use the same NAT64.

>
>
>> 3.4.  NAT64
>>
>>   A NAT64 is a device with one IPv6 interface and one IPv4 interface.
>>   The IPv6 interface MUST have a unicast /96 IPv6 prefix assigned to
>>   it, denoted Pref64::/96.  The IPv4 interface MUST have one or more
>>   unicast IPv4 addresses assigned to it.
>>
>>   A NAT64 uses the following dynamic data structures:
>>
>>   o  UDP BIB
>>
>>   o  UDP Session Table
>>
>>   o  TCP BIB
>>
>>   o  TCP Session Table
>
> draft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp discussses an ICMP session table that is  
> the
> same importance as UDP and TCP.  It might be best to just add ICMP to
> this list so that ICMP queries are handled appropriately.
>
> (I realize you have a "TBD:" later which mentions this, I am just
> suggesting how to add it to your document.)

OK. We haven't worked through the details of ICMP Query message  
support yet.

>
>
>
>> 3.4.1.  Determining the Incoming 5-tuple
>>
>>   This step associates a incoming 5-tuple (source IP address, source
>>   port, destination IP address, destination port, transport protocol)
>>   with every incoming IP packet for use in subsequent steps.
>>
>>   If the incoming IP packet contains a complete (un-fragmented) UDP  
>> or
>>   TCP protocol packet, then the 5-tuple is computed by extracting the
>>   appropriate fields from the packet.
>>
>>   If the incoming IP packet contains a complete (un-fragmented) ICMP
>>   message, then the 5-tuple is computed by extracting the appropriate
>>   fields from the IP packet embedded inside the ICMP message.   
>> However,
>>   the role of source and destination is swapped when doing this: the
>>   embedded source IP address becomes the destination IP address in  
>> the
>>   5-tuple, the embedded source port becomes the destination port in  
>> the
>>   5-tuple, etc.  If it is not possible to determine the 5-tuple
>>   (perhaps because not enough of the embedded packet is reproduced
>>   inside the ICMP message), then the incoming IP packet is silently
>>   discarded.
>>
>>      NOTE: The transport protocol is always one of TCP or UDP, even  
>> if
>>      the IP packet contains an ICMP message.
>
> I do not understand the significance of that Note.  Does it mean the
> transport protocol *inside* of the ICMP message needs to be TCP or UDP
> because you're only defining NAT64 for TCP and UDP?  Or does it mean
> something else?

It means that if the incoming IP packet contains an ICMP error message  
about a TCP packet, then the transport address in the incoming 5-tuple  
is considered to be TCP, even though "TCP over ICMP" would be more  
accurate. This is because the subsequent translation steps for such a  
packet are very similar to that for a TCP packet.  But I agree this  
needs to be made clearer.


>
>
>>   If the incoming IP packet contains a fragment, then more processing
>>   may be needed.  This specification leaves open the exact details of
>>   how a NAT64 handles incoming IP packets containing fragments, and
>>   simply requires that a NAT64 handle fragments arriving out-of- 
>> order.
>      
> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>
> that phrase disagrees with the phrase below (search for FRAG-REQ):
See below.

>
>
>>   A NAT64 MAY elect to queue the fragments as they arrive and  
>> translate
>>   all fragments at the same time.  Alternatively, a NAT64 MAY  
>> translate
>>   the fragments as they arrive, by storing information that allows it
>>   to compute the 5-tuple for fragments other than the first.  In the
>>   latter case, the NAT64 will still need to handle the situation  
>> where
>>   subsequent fragments arrive before the first.
>>
>>   Implementors of NAT64 should be aware that there are a number of
>>   well-known attacks against IP fragmentation; see [RFC1858] and
>>   [RFC3128].
>
> You should also cite RFC4963, which describes problems of receiving
> fragments at high data rates -- which I expect a NAT64 would be doing.

Thanks for the reference.

>
>
>>   Assuming it otherwise has sufficient resources, a NAT64 MUST allow
>>   the fragments to arrive over a time interval of at least 10  
>> seconds.
>>   A NAT64 MAY require that the UDP, TCP, or ICMP header be completely
>      
> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>>   contained within the first fragment.
>     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>
> FRAG-REQ:  This highlighted sentence disagrees with the text above  
> (search
> for FRAG-REQ).

I guess  "initial fragment" would be better than "first fragment".
In other words, when fragments are sorted into their correct order,  
then the TCP, UDP, or ICMP header must be completely contains in the  
first fragment.
>
>
>
>
>> 3.4.2.1.  UDP Session Handling
>>
>>   The state information stored for a UDP session is a timer that  
>> tracks
>>   the remaining lifetime of the UDP session.  The NAT64 decrements  
>> this
>>   timer at regular intervals.  When the timer expires, the UDP  
>> session
>>   is deleted.
>>
>>   The incoming packet is processed as follows:
>>
>>   1.  If the packet arrived on the IPv4 interface and the NAT64  
>> filters
>>       on its IPv4 interface, then the NAT64 checks to see if the
>>       incoming packet is allowed according to the address-dependent
>>       filtering rule.  To do this, it searches for a session table
>>       entry with a source IPv4 address equal to the source IPv4  
>> address
>>       in the incoming 5-tuple.  If such an entry is found (there  
>> may be
>                                                               
> ^^^^^^^^^^^^
>>       more than one), packet processing continues.  Otherwise, the
>         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>
> I am not sure, but I believe the highlighted phrase disagrees with  
> text
> later in the document (search for MORE-ONE).

There is no conflict. This sentence talks about session table entries  
and the one below talks about BIB entries.

This exact same situation occurs with ordinary v4-to-v4 NATs. A host H  
on the private side of a v4-to-v4 NAT can be sending packets from  
(H,h) to two different ports y1 and y2 on server Y. This causes a  
single mapping entry to be installed in the NAT, but there are two  
different UDP sessions involved.


>
>
>>       packet is discarded.  If the packet is discarded, then an ICMP
>>       message SHOULD be sent to the original sender of the packet,
>>       unless the discarded packet is itself an ICMP message.  The  
>> ICMP
>>       message, if sent, has a type of 3 (Destination Unreachable)  
>> and a
>>       code of 13 (Communication Administratively Prohibited).
>>
>>   2.  The NAT64 searches for the session table entry corresponding to
>         ^^
> I believe you want to prefix this with "If the packet arrived on the  
> v6
> interface,"

No. It is possible to establish a session from the v4 side, if there  
is a BIB entry and if filtering allows.

This is a design decision that could change, but for now I see no  
reason to disallow this.

>
>
>>       the incoming 5-tuple.  If no such entry if found, a new entry  
>> is
>>       created
>
> ....
>> 3.4.3.  Computing the Outgoing 5-Tuple
> ...
>>   If the rules specify that a new BIB entry is created for a source
>>   transport address of (S',s), then the NAT64 allocates an IPv4
>>   transport address for this BIB entry as follows:
>>
>>      If there exists some other BIB entry containing S' as the IPv6
>>      address and mapping it to some IPv4 address T, then use T as the
>>      IPv4 address.  Otherwise, use any IPv4 address assigned to the
>>      IPv4 interface.
>>
>>      If the port s is in the Well-Known port range 0..1023, then
>>      allocate a port t from this same range.  Otherwise, if the  
>> port s
>>      is in the range 1024..65535, then allocate a port t from this
>>      range.  Furthermore, if port s is even, then t must be even, and
>>      if port s is odd, then t must be odd.
>>
>>      In all cases, the allocated IPv4 transport address (T,t) MUST  
>> NOT
>                                                                  
> ^^^^^^^^
>>      be in use in another entry in the same BIB, but MAY be in use in
>        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>>      the other BIB.
>
> MORE-ONE: I believe this disagrees with the earlier text (search for
> MORE-ONE).

There is no conflict. See above.

>
>
>> 3.4.5.  Handling Hairpinning
>>
>>   This step handles hairpinning if necessary.
>>
>>   If the destination IP address is an address assigned to the NAT64
>>   itself (i.e., is one of the IPv4 addresses assigned to the IPv4
>>   interface, or is covered by the /96 prefix assigned to the IPv6
>>   interface), then the packet is a hairpin packet.  The outgoing
>>   5-tuple becomes the incoming 5-tuple, and the packet is treated  
>> as if
>>   it was received on the outgoing interface.  Processing of the  
>> packet
>>   continues at step 2.
>>
>>   TBD: Is there such a thing as a hairpin loop (likely not naturally,
>>   but perhaps through a special-crafted attack packet with a spoofed
>>   source address)?  If so, need to drop packets that hairpin more  
>> than
>>   once.
>
> Is the IP TTL insufficient?

Hmmm. I hadn't thought of that. Perhaps IP TTL will do. But first we  
need to investigate whether it is possible.


>
>
>> 3.5.  FTP ALG
>>
>>   TBD: Describe the FTP ALG, a mechanism for translating the embedded
>>   IP addresses inside FTP commands, that enables FTP sessions to pass
>>   through NAT64.
>
> I had a larger comment about FTP ALG in my email to the list.

OK.

>
>
>
>> 4.  Security Considerations
>>
>>   Implications on end-to-end security, IPSec and TLS.
>>
>>   Any protocol that protect IP header information are essentially
>>   incompatible with NAT64.  So, this implies that end to end IPSec
>>   verification will fail when AH is used (both transport and tunnel
>>   mode) and when ESP is used in transport mode.  This is inherent to
>>   any network layer translation mechanism.  End-to-end IPsec  
>> protection
>>   can be restored, using UDP encapsulation as described in [RFC2765].
>
> This paragraph should be re-written to more clearly remind readers  
> that NAT64
> works where v4-v4 NAPT works, and that v4-v4 NAPT does not work with  
> IPsec
> AH or with IPsec transport mode -- and thus neither does NAT64.  And  
> point
> out that with v4-v4 NAPT and with NAT64, IPsec-over-UDP works fine.   
> If you
> extend NAT64 s I suggest on the mailing list, IPsec transport mode  
> (without
> UDP encapsulation) would both work, too.
>
> (You might get additional inspiration from text at:
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-kukec-ikev2-tutorial-additions-02#section-8
> which I ran into recently.)

OK.

>
>
>>   TBD: TLS implications
>
> I do not believe there are any TLS implications.

I tentatively agree.

>
>
>>
>>   Implications on DNS security and DNSSec.
>>
>>   NAT64 uses synthetic DNS RR to enable IPv6 clients to initiate
>>   communications with IPv4 servers using the DNS.  This essentially
>>   means that the DNS64 component generates synthetic AAAA RR that are
>>   not contained in the master zone file.  From a DNSSec perspective,
>>   this means that the straight DNSSec verification of such RR would
>>   fail.  However, it is possible to restore DNSSec functionality if  
>> the
>>   verification is performed right before the DNS64 processing  
>> directly
>>   using the original A RR of the IPv4 server.  So, in order to  
>> jointly
>>   use the NAT64 appraoch described in thei specification and DNSSec
>>   validation, the DNS64 functionality should be performed in the
>>   resolver of the IPv6 client.  In this case, the IPv6 client would
>>   receive the original A RR with DNSSec information and it would  
>> first
>>   perform the DNSSec validation.  If it is succcessful, it would then
>>   proceed the synthetize the AAAA RR according to the mechanism
>>   described in this document.  It should be noted that the synthetic
>>   AAAA RR would stay within the IPv6 client and it would not leak
>>   outside, making further DNSSec validations unnecesary.
>>
>>   Filtering.
>>
>>   NAT64 creates binding state using packets flowing from the IPv6  
>> side
>>   to the IPv4 side.  So, NAT64 implements by definition, at least,
>>   endpoint independent filtering, meaning that in order to enable any
>>   packet to flow from the IPv4 side to the IPv6 side, there must have
>>   been a packet flowing from the IPv6 side to the IPv4 side the  
>> created
>>   the binding information to be used for packets in the other
>>   direction.  Endpoint independent filtering allows that once a  
>> binding
>>   is created, it can be used by any node on the IPv4 side to send
>>   packets to the IPv6 transport address that created the binding.   
>> This
>>   basically means that as long a the IPv6 node does not open a hole  
>> in
>>   the NAT64, incoming communications are blocked and that once that  
>> the
>>   IPv6 node has sent the first packet, this packet opens the door for
>>   any node on the IPv4 side to send packets to that IPv6 transport
>>   address.  It is possible to configure the NAT64 to implement more
>>   stringent security policy, if endpoint independent mapping is
>>   considered not secure enough.  In particular, if the security  
>> policy
>>   of the NAT64 requires it, is it possible to configure the NAT64 to
>>   perform address dependent filtering.  This basically means that the
>>   binding state created can only be used by to send packets from the
>>   IPv4 address to which the original packet that created the binding
>>   was sent to.  This basically means that the door is open only for
>>   that IPv4 address to send packet to the IPv6 transport address.
>>
>>   Attacks to NAT64.
>>
>>   The NAT64 device itself is a potential victim of different type of
>>   attacks.  In particular, the NAT64 can be a victim of DoS attacks.
>>   The NAT64 box has a limited number of resources that can be  
>> consumed
>>   by attackers creating a DoS attack.  The NAT64 has a limited number
>>   of IPv4 address that is uses to create the bindings.  Even though  
>> the
>>   NAT64 performs address and port translation, it is possible for an
>>   attacker to consume all the IPv4 transport addresses by sending  
>> IPv6
>>   packets with different source IPv6 transport address
>
> It should also be pointed out that the he attack can also be performed
> by using a single v6 address, by making a huge number of connections  
> to
> v4 hosts.  Such as, for example, doing an FTP mirror of a v4 FTP  
> server.

With a single v6 address, an attacker can create many different  
session table entries, but only one BIB entry.

>
>
>>   It should be
>>   noted that this attack can only be launched from the IPv6 side,  
>> since
>>   IPv4 packets are not used to create binding state.  DoS attacks can
>>   also affect other limited resource available in the NAT64 such as
>>   memory or link capacity.  For instance, if the NAT64 implements
>>   reassembly of fragmented packets, it is possible for an attacker to
>>   launch a DoS attack to the memory of the NAT64 device by sending
>>   fragments that the NAT64 will store for a given period.  If the
>>   number of fragments if high enough, the memory of the NAT64 could  
>> be
>>   exhausted.  NAT64 devices should implement proper protection  
>> against
>>   such attacks, for instance allocating a limited amount of memory  
>> for
>>   fragmented packet storage.
>
> It would be valuable to cite the fragmentation attack RFCs again here.
> ([RFC1858], [RFC3128]).

OK.

- Philip

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	"'marcelo bagnulo braun'" <marcelo@it.uc3m.es>
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... 
> >> I don't understand why this matters. As long as a given flow uses
> >> the same {DNS64,NAT64} pair, why would it matter? (This is linked
> >> to the TTL question - if the TTL is zero, it surely can't matter.
> >> If there is a TTL, it matters until the TTL expires.)
> >>
> >>   
> > But if a given host uses two different NAT64 it would 
> > appear to the v4
> > world with two different IP addresses and that would somehow be
> > incompatible with endpoint indepedence?
> > Maybe this is stretching the definition of endpoint 
> > indepdence a bit too
> > much, cause endpoint independence is about a single nat box?
> 
> Yes, and I don't see anything in today's world that says a given
> host must consistently use the same NAT for different upper layer
> sessions.

In early BEHAVE meetings it was pointed out that some HTTP 
applications expected to see all connections from the same user
to be from the same IP address, and that some HTTP applications 
set cookies that include the source IP address (directly, or
hashed); technorati.com is one such site, but I have no idea the
purpose of the cookie that includes my IP address ("tvisitor").  
If other TCP connections come from a different IP address, 
those applications *might not* function as desired / intended.

And while not IETF sanctioned, some mail servers do still use 
pop-before-smtp <http://popbsmtp.sourceforge.net> in lieu of 
SMTP AUTH.  Pop-before-smtp authorizes an IP address to do
an SMTP submission if a pop (or imap) login occured from that 
same IP address within the last "n" minutes.

-d

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Date: Wed, 18 Jun 2008 10:57:06 +1200
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
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On 2008-06-18 10:39, Dan Wing wrote:
> ... 
>>>> I don't understand why this matters. As long as a given flow uses
>>>> the same {DNS64,NAT64} pair, why would it matter? (This is linked
>>>> to the TTL question - if the TTL is zero, it surely can't matter.
>>>> If there is a TTL, it matters until the TTL expires.)
>>>>
>>>>   
>>> But if a given host uses two different NAT64 it would 
>>> appear to the v4
>>> world with two different IP addresses and that would somehow be
>>> incompatible with endpoint indepedence?
>>> Maybe this is stretching the definition of endpoint 
>>> indepdence a bit too
>>> much, cause endpoint independence is about a single nat box?
>> Yes, and I don't see anything in today's world that says a given
>> host must consistently use the same NAT for different upper layer
>> sessions.
> 
> In early BEHAVE meetings it was pointed out that some HTTP 
> applications expected to see all connections from the same user
> to be from the same IP address, and that some HTTP applications 
> set cookies that include the source IP address (directly, or
> hashed); technorati.com is one such site, but I have no idea the
> purpose of the cookie that includes my IP address ("tvisitor").  
> If other TCP connections come from a different IP address, 
> those applications *might not* function as desired / intended.

Yes, but that applies if my ISP changes my public IP address
when I restart my ADSL box, among other cases. So it's certainly
a NAT-induced risk of inconsistency, but not really a new one.

This suggests a SHOULD requirement to use the same NAT64 but
not a MUST.
> 
> And while not IETF sanctioned, some mail servers do still use 
> pop-before-smtp <http://popbsmtp.sourceforge.net> in lieu of 
> SMTP AUTH.  Pop-before-smtp authorizes an IP address to do
> an SMTP submission if a pop (or imap) login occured from that 
> same IP address within the last "n" minutes.

Good heavens. Well, again a SHOULD case I think.

    Brian
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> > In early BEHAVE meetings it was pointed out that some HTTP 
> > applications expected to see all connections from the same user
> > to be from the same IP address, and that some HTTP applications 
> > set cookies that include the source IP address (directly, or
> > hashed); technorati.com is one such site, but I have no idea the
> > purpose of the cookie that includes my IP address ("tvisitor").  
> > If other TCP connections come from a different IP address, 
> > those applications *might not* function as desired / intended.
> 
> Yes, but that applies if my ISP changes my public IP address
> when I restart my ADSL box, among other cases. So it's certainly
> a NAT-induced risk of inconsistency, but not really a new one.

That doesn't happen very often.  But to take the other extreme with
NAT64, if the public IP address is changing for every outgoing TCP 
connection, it would be happening very often.

> This suggests a SHOULD requirement to use the same NAT64 but
> not a MUST.
>
> > And while not IETF sanctioned, some mail servers do still use 
> > pop-before-smtp <http://popbsmtp.sourceforge.net> in lieu of 
> > SMTP AUTH.  Pop-before-smtp authorizes an IP address to do
> > an SMTP submission if a pop (or imap) login occured from that 
> > same IP address within the last "n" minutes.
> 
> Good heavens. Well, again a SHOULD case I think.

-d

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Message-ID: <485AD48C.1090600@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2008 09:50:04 +1200
From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
Organization: University of Auckland
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To: marcelo bagnulo braun <marcelo@it.uc3m.es>
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	<485A4B71.1060308@it.uc3m.es>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
To: <behave@ietf.org>
References: <015201c8cb0b$2392a130$c5f0200a@cisco.com>
Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2008 13:51:18 -0700
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] draft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp-08.txt
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I have received no objections to these changes.  I will continue pushing this
document forward.

Thanks,
-d


> -----Original Message-----
> From: behave-bounces@ietf.org 
> [mailto:behave-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Dan Wing
> Sent: Tuesday, June 10, 2008 8:03 AM
> To: behave@ietf.org
> Subject: [BEHAVE] draft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp-08.txt
> 
> draft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp-08.txt was just posted.  These 
> changes address
> DISCUSS items raised during IESG review, which can be seen at
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/idtracker/draft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp/
> 
> 
> Please review these changes and reply to the list.  I need to 
> determine if
> there is consensus for these changes so we can move the 
> document forward.
> 
> 
> Side-by-side differences are at:
> http://www.tools.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=http://tools.ietf.org/i
> nternet-drafts/d
> raft-ietf-behave-nat-icmp-08.txt
> 
> Summary of the changes:
> 
> * clarified ICMP 'query', 'error', and 'non-queryerror' message
>   classifications
> * In REQ-9, previous version required NATs to comply with Section 4.3
>   of RFC1812, which is the ICMP section of router requirements
>   document.  Version -08 softened this requirement (from MUST to
>   RECOMMENDED) because many deployed routers do not meet these
>   requirements, but -08 does not enumerate the specific RFC1812
>   Section 4.3 requirements.
> * new REQ-9b which requires ICMP 'packet too big' error messages to
>   always be forwarded.  This is so that Path MTU Discovery will work.
> * new REQ-10, "A NAT MAY drop or appropriately handle Non-QueryError
>   ICMP messages."
> 
> -d
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave

_______________________________________________
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From: "Dan Wing" <dwing@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Iljitsch van Beijnum [mailto:iljitsch@muada.com] 
> Sent: Tuesday, June 17, 2008 4:48 AM
> To: Dan Wing
> Cc: 'marcelo bagnulo braun'; 'Behave WG'
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
> 
> On 13 jun 2008, at 21:30, Dan Wing wrote:
> 
> >    - DCCP
> 
> I'm not familiar enough with DCCP to say anything definitive, but I  
> don't see any show stoppers there.
> 
> >    - SCTP
> 
> SCTP uses a non-standard checksum which probably can't be updated  
> incrementally, which would be bad for performance for the NAT64 box.  
> Also, there is the address agility which will probably be hard to  
> maintain through NAT. Considering that SCTP is not in wide use it's  
> probably not worth the trouble to make this work through a fairly  
> temporary mechanism like NAT64.
> 
> > * Should discuss preserving or remarking of DSCP bits across the
> >  v6/v4 boundary.
> 
> Why? Any router may change these bits, so presumably a NAT64 
> could, too.

At the request of the ADs, TURN (draft-ietf-behave-turn) includes
a discussion of DSCP.  I expect NAT64 will need to include some
discussion on how a NAT64 is expected to handle DSCP bits.

> > * I know NAT-PT discussed an FTP-ALG and I see NAT64 does, too.
> >  However, in 2008 can we just rely on passive (PASV) support in the
> >  v6 FTP client and in the v4 FTP server so that NAT64 does not need
> >  to include an FTP ALG?  I ask because a seemingly 
> >  significant aspect
> >  of NAT64 is that there are no v4-initiated connections to v6 hosts;
> >  non-passive FTP data connections would break that aspect.
> 
> Obviously active FTP won't work. PASV is incompatible with IPv6. So  
> the only thing that will work through NAT64 without an ALG is EPSV.  
> Obviously FTP software that supports IPv6 will tend to 
> support EPSV. I  
> have no idea how pervasive EPSV support is in the IPv4 world, though.

Thanks - I had forgotten EPSV was needed for v6.

The intent is for other protocols which embed IP addresses in their
control protocol will need to fend for themselves?  For example, RTSP
and SIP?  This is reasonable, but the document should discuss why
only an FTP ALG is described.

-d

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
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>>> > > * Should discuss preserving or remarking of DSCP bits across the
>>> > >  v6/v4 boundary.
>> > 
>> > Why? Any router may change these bits, so presumably a NAT64 
>> > could, too.
> 
> At the request of the ADs, TURN (draft-ietf-behave-turn) includes
> a discussion of DSCP.  I expect NAT64 will need to include some
> discussion on how a NAT64 is expected to handle DSCP bits.
> 

It isn't hard to define this correctly. There are (non-normative)
practices defined for DSCPs in and out of tunnels in RFC 2983
and section 6 indicates how the arguments apply to translators,
including v4/v6 translators.

The simple version is that if a translator is placed at a diffserv
domain boundary, it can be in series with a diffserv classifier
and marker. Otherwise it can usually just copy the DSCP (which
is carefully defined to have identical semantics for v4 and v6).
But RFC2765 defines this exactly, and there's nothing wrong with
what it says.

     Brian
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Subject: [BEHAVE] DNS64 TTL values [draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
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On 2008-06-21 06:46, marcelo bagnulo braun wrote:
...
>>>>> Actually the proposal to make TTL 0 is more a general design
>>>>> consideration than a measure to deal with a specific issue
>>>>> The synthetic AAAA RR should not be around much cause they are
>>>>> synthetic
>>>>> and we thought (especially i thought :-) that they should disappear
>>>>> asap
>>>>>             
>>>> I think that's too strong. I think they must disappear within a
>>>> reasonable
>>>> time, but I think zero is unreasonable.
>>>>
>>>>         
>>> ok, if i am the only one that feels this way, we can change this :-(
>>>     
>>
>> How about saying that the TTL MAY be zero and MUST be less than N?
>> Then we can have an argument about the value of N ;-)
>>
>>   
> any suggestion to kick off the disucssion?

Is there a lifetime that BEHAVE recommends for NAT binding state
lifetime? It would seem that the DNS64 TTL should be less
than that.

    Brian
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] DNS64 TTL values [draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
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Message-ID: <485D8708.4080108@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2008 10:56:08 +1200
From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
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To: marcelo bagnulo braun <marcelo@it.uc3m.es>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] DNS64 TTL values [draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] DNS64 TTL values [draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
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On 19 jun 2008, at 14:05, marcelo bagnulo braun wrote:

>> I think it will work. My concern is how the v6 host knows to use this
>> particular {DNS64,NAT64} pair if it is not under the same admin.

> As i see it, the v6 site will try to resolve the AAAA RR query.
> This needs to be intercepted by the DNS64.

I don't like this terminology; it's too ALG-y.

We don't want to intercept DNS requests, we want to put a DNS64  
somewhere in the DNS resolution hierarchy.

> one option is that the ISP has a DNS64 in its DNS server, and that the
> v6 host at the end sites is using DNS services from the ISP, that  
> would
> work fine i think

Right.

> The other option is that the v6 site has a its own dns server and in
> that case, DNS64 in the ISP needs to intercept all the queries that it
> generates.

If by this you mean that all DNS packets to/from the site are  
intercepted by the ISP, I very much disagree.

If the site has its own DNS server, either this DNS server must  
perform the DNS64 function locally (then it needs to know a /96 for  
one or more NAT64s) or this DNS server must use the ISP's DNS server  
as a forwarder. Note that there is text in the draft about DNS64  
forwarders. The latter is very common in the IPv4 world: CPEs tell  
local hosts that the CPE is the DNS server, but rather than talk to  
authoritative servers itself, the CPE simply forwards queries to the  
ISP's DNS server(s) and optionally caches the reults.

Note that getting fake AAAA records can be a problem in some  
circumstances, such as dual stack hosts. The SAS option is supposed to  
fix these issues but that obviously won't happen until both the server  
and the client, as well as any relays, implement it.

> As i mention earlier, it would be possible (and not very
> difficult) to define a dhacp extension for this (similar to the prefix
> delegation)

The idea is that IPv6 CPEs could get the NAT64 prefix using DHCPv6  
along with other information (prefix delegation) that they learn from  
DHCPv6.
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Iljitsch van Beijnum escribi=F3:
> On 19 jun 2008, at 14:05, marcelo bagnulo braun wrote:
>
>>> I think it will work. My concern is how the v6 host knows to use this
>>> particular {DNS64,NAT64} pair if it is not under the same admin.
>
>> As i see it, the v6 site will try to resolve the AAAA RR query.
>> This needs to be intercepted by the DNS64.
>
> I don't like this terminology; it's too ALG-y.
>
> We don't want to intercept DNS requests, we want to put a DNS64 =

> somewhere in the DNS resolution hierarchy.
imho, allowing the DNS64 to actually intercept dns messages can be a =

powereful deployment tool
I mean, i see a case for a nat64+DNS64 being a single box that is simply =

installed as the CPE and works, no additional changes needed.

imho the nat64 spec should not prevent this deployemnt approach

regards, marcelo

>
>> one option is that the ISP has a DNS64 in its DNS server, and that the
>> v6 host at the end sites is using DNS services from the ISP, that would
>> work fine i think
>
> Right.
>
>> The other option is that the v6 site has a its own dns server and in
>> that case, DNS64 in the ISP needs to intercept all the queries that it
>> generates.
>
> If by this you mean that all DNS packets to/from the site are =

> intercepted by the ISP, I very much disagree.
>
> If the site has its own DNS server, either this DNS server must =

> perform the DNS64 function locally (then it needs to know a /96 for =

> one or more NAT64s) or this DNS server must use the ISP's DNS server =

> as a forwarder. Note that there is text in the draft about DNS64 =

> forwarders. The latter is very common in the IPv4 world: CPEs tell =

> local hosts that the CPE is the DNS server, but rather than talk to =

> authoritative servers itself, the CPE simply forwards queries to the =

> ISP's DNS server(s) and optionally caches the reults.
>
> Note that getting fake AAAA records can be a problem in some =

> circumstances, such as dual stack hosts. The SAS option is supposed to =

> fix these issues but that obviously won't happen until both the server =

> and the client, as well as any relays, implement it.
>
>> As i mention earlier, it would be possible (and not very
>> difficult) to define a dhacp extension for this (similar to the prefix
>> delegation)
>
> The idea is that IPv6 CPEs could get the NAT64 prefix using DHCPv6 =

> along with other information (prefix delegation) that they learn from =

> DHCPv6.
>

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On 18 jun 2008, at 0:03, Brian E Carpenter wrote:

>>> In fact I think it's highly desirable to cache them. It seems  
>>> extremely
>>> common that the same name is resolved locally numerous times in
>>> succession
>>> within a few seconds or a few minutes. What is the problem with a  
>>> TTL
>>> that is always less than the binding lifetime in the NAT64?

At some point we were considering having a requirement for  
multihoming. That didn't seem realistic, so the next best thing is  
failing over to a different NAT64 if the current one becomes  
unreachable. The upper bits in fake AAAA records tell the hosts which  
NAT64 to use, so the TTL in those records imposes a minimum on the  
failover time. Other than that RFC 2766 requires a 0 (or 1) TTL to  
avoid the leaking of synthetic records. In the future when software  
like BIND can recognize the synthetic answer section option that  
should no longer be an issue. Then we can cache for a short time if we  
want quick failover or as long as we want if we don't want or can't do  
quick failover.

>>>>  If this query results in an empty result or in
>>>>  an error, this result is returned to the client.

>>> Even in this case, the result has to be synthetic I think
>>> (original AAAA query followed by empty answer or error).

>> don't know
>> why do you think this is needed?

> I don't fully understand what DNS error replies look like,
> but I think they include the original query type. If so, the
> resolver code might get confused if the error reply to a AAAA
> query contained query type A.

Ok, we should clarify this in the draft, obviously when a client  
performs a query for one type the answer shouldn't come back with a  
query section for another type.

>> But if a given host uses two different NAT64 it would appear to the  
>> v4
>> world with two different IP addresses and that would somehow be
>> incompatible with endpoint indepedence?
>> Maybe this is stretching the definition of endpoint indepdence a  
>> bit too
>> much, cause endpoint independence is about a single nat box?

> Yes, and I don't see anything in today's world that says a given
> host must consistently use the same NAT for different upper layer
> sessions.

Isn't this an explicit or implicit BEHAVE requirement? It would seem  
to me that this would break stuff like STUN if the STUN server is  
reached through one NAT and the intended correspondent through another.

>>>>  TBD: What does a DNS64 do when a query for an A record returns a
>>>>  CNAME record and an A record?  The SAS option, as currently  
>>>> defined,
>>>>  flags ALL records in the answer section as synthetic.  Does the  
>>>> DNS64
>>>>  return just a CNAME record?  Does it return just an AAAA  
>>>> record?  Or
>>>>  does it return a real CNAME record and a synthetic AAAA record  
>>>> in the
>>>>  answer section -- something that the current rules do not allow.

>>> The last one seems obviously correct, so why not change the rules?

>> right
>> at this point we wanted to keep the draft as simple as possible
>> when we start adding support for specific cases, complexity grows
>> immediately and nobody can follow the draft :-)

>> we could add some flags to the sas option

I guess this depends on what we define the SAS option to be. IIRC the  
draft only talks about synthetic ADDRESSES so those can exist  
alongside the original CNAME record = no issues.
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From: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
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On 21 jun 2008, at 3:37, Dan Wing wrote:

>> Why? Any router may change these bits, so presumably a NAT64
>> could, too.

> At the request of the ADs, TURN (draft-ietf-behave-turn) includes
> a discussion of DSCP.  I expect NAT64 will need to include some
> discussion on how a NAT64 is expected to handle DSCP bits.

RFC 2765 "Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm (SIIT)", which is a  
normative reference, says:

          Traffic Class:
                  By default, copied from IP Type Of Service and
                  Precedence field (all 8 bits are copied).  According
                  to [DIFFSERV] the semantics of the bits are identical
                  in IPv4 and IPv6.  However, in some IPv4 environments
                  these fields might be used with the old semantics of
                  "Type Of Service and Precedence".  An implementation
                  of a translator SHOULD provide the ability to ignore
                  the IPv4 "TOS" and always set the IPv6 traffic class
                  to zero.

I think that should be sufficient...

> Thanks - I had forgotten EPSV was needed for v6.

> The intent is for other protocols which embed IP addresses in their
> control protocol will need to fend for themselves?  For example, RTSP
> and SIP?  This is reasonable, but the document should discuss why
> only an FTP ALG is described.

I believe this was imported from BEHAVE requirements, and the  
reasoning there being that ALGs often end up getting in the way of  
connectivity but FTP was apparently grandfathered in.
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
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On 22 jun 2008, at 15:17, marcelo bagnulo braun wrote:

>> We don't want to intercept DNS requests, we want to put a DNS64  
>> somewhere in the DNS resolution hierarchy.

> imho, allowing the DNS64 to actually intercept dns messages can be a  
> powereful deployment tool

Some people would call this a man-in-the-middle attack... Especially  
people who want to run DNSSEC.

> I mean, i see a case for a nat64+DNS64 being a single box that is  
> simply installed as the CPE and works, no additional changes needed.

Sure, that's fine. But then the hosts behind the CPE should receive  
configuration information from the CPE that tells them to use the CPE  
as their DNS so the CPE can perform the DNS64 function without problems.

If the users want to run a DNS resolver behind such a CPE that DNS  
resolver shouldn't have its DNS packet mangled.
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Iljitsch van Beijnum escribi=F3:
> On 22 jun 2008, at 15:17, marcelo bagnulo braun wrote:
>
>>> We don't want to intercept DNS requests, we want to put a DNS64 =

>>> somewhere in the DNS resolution hierarchy.
>
>> imho, allowing the DNS64 to actually intercept dns messages can be a =

>> powereful deployment tool
>
> Some people would call this a man-in-the-middle attack... Especially =

> people who want to run DNSSEC.
you need more than that to make dnssec work, so this point is irrelevant.

If you want dnssec to work, you need to implement dns64 fucntionality in =

the point the perfroms the dnssec validation, so this is completelly =

different dicusssion


>
>> I mean, i see a case for a nat64+DNS64 being a single box that is =

>> simply installed as the CPE and works, no additional changes needed.
>
> Sure, that's fine. But then the hosts behind the CPE should receive =

> configuration information from the CPE that tells them to use the CPE =

> as their DNS so the CPE can perform the DNS64 function without problems.
>
sure that is one possibility, i have already said that i am ok with the =

dns64 functionality in the dns server is ok,
> If the users want to run a DNS resolver behind such a CPE that DNS =

> resolver shouldn't have its DNS packet mangled.
>
What if your dns server do not support DNS64 but you want fast =

deployment of nat64?

Then having a dns64 fucntionality that intercepts dns messages allows =

you to deploy this.

The point being made here is that having a single box that you can buy =

and performs all the required functionality and works in all kind of =

differnet scenarios it a powerful deployment tool.

I agree that there are other configurations (like having it int he dns =

server) are better, but they simply don't conver some scenarios

My only point here is that we shouldn't preclude the possibilty of =

having a single box that supports other potential scenarios... i guess =

we would benefit from input from other people in the wg...

regards, marcelo

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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Iljitsch van Beijnum [mailto:iljitsch@gmail.com] 
> Sent: Sunday, June 22, 2008 6:19 AM
> To: Dan Wing
> Cc: 'marcelo bagnulo braun'; 'Behave WG'
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
> 
> On 21 jun 2008, at 3:37, Dan Wing wrote:
> 
> >> Why? Any router may change these bits, so presumably a NAT64
> >> could, too.
> 
> > At the request of the ADs, TURN (draft-ietf-behave-turn) includes
> > a discussion of DSCP.  I expect NAT64 will need to include some
> > discussion on how a NAT64 is expected to handle DSCP bits.
> 
> RFC 2765 "Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm (SIIT)", 
> which is a  
> normative reference, says:
> 
>           Traffic Class:
>                   By default, copied from IP Type Of Service and
>                   Precedence field (all 8 bits are copied).  According
>                   to [DIFFSERV] the semantics of the bits are 
> identical
>                   in IPv4 and IPv6.  However, in some IPv4 
> environments
>                   these fields might be used with the old semantics of
>                   "Type Of Service and Precedence".  An implementation
>                   of a translator SHOULD provide the ability to ignore
>                   the IPv4 "TOS" and always set the IPv6 traffic class
>                   to zero.
> 
> I think that should be sufficient...

Yes.  Thanks.

> > Thanks - I had forgotten EPSV was needed for v6.
> 
> > The intent is for other protocols which embed IP addresses in their
> > control protocol will need to fend for themselves?  For 
> > example, RTSP
> > and SIP?  This is reasonable, but the document should discuss why
> > only an FTP ALG is described.
> 
> I believe this was imported from BEHAVE requirements, and the  
> reasoning there being that ALGs often end up getting in the way of  
> connectivity but FTP was apparently grandfathered in.

Ok.  Thanks.

-d

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Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2008 09:21:41 +1200
From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
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Hi,

I've looked at section 11.1 "DiffServ Code Point (DSCP)"
in draft-ietf-behave-turn-07.txt.

I believe that what it says is correct (and consistent
with general recommendations for handling DSCPs in any
form of packet munging device). However, you could add
something like this:

If the TURN server is immediately adjacent to a differentiated
services classifier [RFC2474], then DSCP copying MAY be omitted
in the direction towards the classifier.

(If you imagine a device that contained TURN and a diffserv
classifier in one box, it would be quite pointless for the TURN code
to copy DSCP values that the classifier was about to modify.)

    Brian

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] DNS64 TTL values [draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
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Le Saturday 21 June 2008 06:52:00 ext Brian E Carpenter, vous avez =E9crit=
=A0:
> On 2008-06-21 06:46, marcelo bagnulo braun wrote:
> ...
>
> >>>>> Actually the proposal to make TTL 0 is more a general design
> >>>>> consideration than a measure to deal with a specific issue
> >>>>> The synthetic AAAA RR should not be around much cause they are
> >>>>> synthetic
> >>>>> and we thought (especially i thought :-) that they should disappear
> >>>>> asap
> >>>>
> >>>> I think that's too strong. I think they must disappear within a
> >>>> reasonable
> >>>> time, but I think zero is unreasonable.
> >>>
> >>> ok, if i am the only one that feels this way, we can change this :-(
> >>
> >> How about saying that the TTL MAY be zero and MUST be less than N?
> >> Then we can have an argument about the value of N ;-)
> >
> > any suggestion to kick off the disucssion?
>
> Is there a lifetime that BEHAVE recommends for NAT binding state
> lifetime? It would seem that the DNS64 TTL should be less
> than that.

Yes. See RFC4787 =A74.3 for instance.

Short binding lifetimes are a total killer for handhelds, due to battery =

drain. That being noted, in IPv6, there will probably still be firewalls wi=
th =

overly short lifetimes (because the broken firewall code will be ported fro=
m =

IPv4). A fortiori, in NAT64 cases, there will still be broken firewalls on =

the IPv4 part. As such, end nodes will continue to use a less-than-30 secon=
ds =

UDP keepalive timer.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont

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Le Saturday 21 June 2008 04:37:42 ext Dan Wing, vous avez =E9crit=A0:
> > Obviously active FTP won't work. PASV is incompatible with IPv6. So
> > the only thing that will work through NAT64 without an ALG is EPSV.
> > Obviously FTP software that supports IPv6 will tend to
> > support EPSV. I
> > have no idea how pervasive EPSV support is in the IPv4 world, though.
>
> Thanks - I had forgotten EPSV was needed for v6.

Typically, you have the IPv6-capable FTP servers on one side. These support =

EPSV for IPv4 as well. And then you have the IPv4-only FTP servers, and the=
y =

don't do EPSV. Both of these types are commonly found on the IPv4 Internet =

today.

Therefore, it might be that some NAT64 implementations to embed an FTP ALG, =

doing EPSV/IPv6 to PASV/IPv4 translation. At the very least, we may want to =

warn about the need to handle of "EPSV ALL" at the ALG level, in that case.

> The intent is for other protocols which embed IP addresses in their
> control protocol will need to fend for themselves?  For example, RTSP
> and SIP?

RTSP/1.0 does not support IPv6 in any way. RTSP/2.0 works a lot like FTP/EP=
RT, =

using only port numbers.

Pathological protocols like these... I don't really expect them to work =

through NAT64 unless an ICE-like scheme is used, or an application-layer IP=
v4 =

socket API is provided on the end IPv6 node.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
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From: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@gmail.com>
To: marcelo bagnulo braun <marcelo@it.uc3m.es>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
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On 22 jun 2008, at 15:50, marcelo bagnulo braun wrote:

>>> imho, allowing the DNS64 to actually intercept dns messages can be  
>>> a powereful deployment tool

>> Some people would call this a man-in-the-middle attack...  
>> Especially people who want to run DNSSEC.

> you need more than that to make dnssec work, so this point is  
> irrelevant.

> If you want dnssec to work, you need to implement dns64  
> fucntionality in the point the perfroms the dnssec validation, so  
> this is completelly different dicusssion

Well, not exactly. What if you have a site where you run a DNS server  
that wants to do DNSSEC? Maybe there are hosts in the site that have  
IPv4 connectivity through tunnels, or maybe they just have IPv6  
connectivity and no need to talk to the IPv6 world. This would work  
just fine until someone starts intercepting the packets for the DNS  
server doing the DNSSEC and inserting fake AAAA records.

In my opinion, the advantage of being able to deploy NAT64 without  
having to change DNS resolvers (which is what you get by intercepting  
all DNS packets and passing them through DNS64) is less important than  
the disadvantage of having unpredictable failures in things like DNSSEC.

>> If the users want to run a DNS resolver behind such a CPE that DNS  
>> resolver shouldn't have its DNS packet mangled.

> What if your dns server do not support DNS64 but you want fast  
> deployment of nat64?

Well obviously there will be a server that does DNS64 _somewhere_ if  
there is a NAT64 translator. If the local DNS server can't do DNS64  
and can't be made to forward queries to a DNS64 server, this means  
that the clients will have to talk to a non-local DNS64 server. I  
don't see how this is a big problem.

Also, if there is no local DNS64 capable system, who is going to do  
the DNS interception? Obviously you can't do that 5 hops away  
somewhere in the ISP network, this has to happen on a local network  
boundary, such as the site exit router. (In theory an ISP could do DNS  
interception for ALL traffic from ALL customers but that would be  
REALLY bad!)

> The point being made here is that having a single box that you can  
> buy and performs all the required functionality and works in all  
> kind of differnet scenarios it a powerful deployment tool.

Right, but if that box uses normal DNS provisioning mechanisms you  
don't need the interception. I.e., the box could do DHCPv6, RFC 5006  
(which clients will hopefully support by that time) and even DHCPv4 so  
the hosts will send their DNS requests to the box so it can do DNS64.
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I'm happy to see that there will be a CLIENT attribute to go along with 
the SERVER one. I was prohibited by company policy from weighing in with 
my support.

We've implemented support for TURN in Flash Player 10 (currently in 
beta), but we're using our own choice for the attribute ID (0x8030) for 
CLIENT. I haven't been able to find anything with the actual value that 
will be used... has an assignment been made that I'm just not finding? 
It'd be nice to have the correct value in the final release.

Matthew Kaufman
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I failed in a few tests to try to get a reflexive candidate to work
across a Linux NAT.  On closer inspection, I noticed that the latest
Linux NAT code tracks the full 5-tuple (IP source, destination,
protocol, TCP source & destination port), connection state, and sequence
numbers.  Is there any way that the reflexive candidates can work with
this kind of NAT?

=20

Let's assume that the controlling host is behind one of these NATs.

=20

1. The controlling host obtains the server reflexive candidate, say A:a
for IP address:port.  The NAT records that there is an active TCP
connection between the addresses and ports of the controlling host and
the STUN server (A:a -> S:s) as well as the sequence numbers in either
direction.

=20

2. The controlling host forwards an INVITE with the server reflexive
candidate among its other candidates to the controlled host containing
the address and port the NAT allocated.

=20

3. The controlled host repeats step 1 for itself and forwards an INVITE
with its candidates back to the controlling host.

=20

4. The controlled host attempts to connect to the IP address and port
that the NAT in front of the controlling node allocated for its
connection to the TURN server (B:b -> A:a).

=20

5. The NAT looks up the NAT state using B:b -> A:a which does not match
A:a -> S:s, so it drops the packet.

=20

If in step 4, the controlled host predicted the address and port the NAT
would assign to a SYN sent by the controlling host, step 5 still fails.
The NAT expects to see SYNACK rather than SYN, so it drops the
controlled host's SYN packet.

=20

Thanks,

      Dave

=20


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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>I failed in a few tests to try to get a =
reflexive
candidate to work across a Linux NAT.&nbsp; On closer inspection, I =
noticed that the
latest Linux NAT code tracks the full 5-tuple (IP source, destination,
protocol, TCP source &amp; destination port), connection state, and =
sequence
numbers.&nbsp; Is there any way that the reflexive candidates can work =
with this kind
of NAT?<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>Let's assume that the controlling host is behind =
one of
these NATs.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>1. The controlling host obtains the server =
reflexive
candidate, say A:a for IP address:port.&nbsp; The NAT records that there =
is an
active TCP connection between the addresses and ports of the controlling =
host
and the STUN server (A:a -&gt; S:s) as well as the sequence numbers in =
either
direction.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>2. The controlling host forwards an INVITE with =
the
server reflexive candidate among its other candidates to the controlled =
host
containing the address and port the NAT allocated.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>3. The controlled host repeats step 1 for itself =
and
forwards an INVITE with its candidates back to the controlling =
host.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>4. The controlled host attempts to connect to =
the IP
address and port that the NAT in front of the controlling node allocated =
for
its connection to the TURN server (B:b -&gt; A:a).<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>5. The NAT looks up the NAT state using B:b =
-&gt; A:a
which does not match A:a -&gt; S:s, so it drops the =
packet.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>If in step 4, the controlled host predicted the =
address
and port the NAT would assign to a SYN sent by the controlling host, =
step 5
still fails.&nbsp; The NAT expects to see SYNACK rather than SYN, so it =
drops the
controlled host's SYN packet.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Dave<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</div>

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On 18 jun 2008, at 0:03, Brian E Carpenter wrote:

>>> In fact I think it's highly desirable to cache them. It seems  
>>> extremely
>>> common that the same name is resolved locally numerous times in
>>> succession
>>> within a few seconds or a few minutes. What is the problem with a  
>>> TTL
>>> that is always less than the binding lifetime in the NAT64?

At some point we were considering having a requirement for  
multihoming. That didn't seem realistic, so the next best thing is  
failing over to a different NAT64 if the current one becomes  
unreachable. The upper bits in fake AAAA records tell the hosts which  
NAT64 to use, so the TTL in those records imposes a minimum on the  
failover time. Other than that RFC 2766 requires a 0 (or 1) TTL to  
avoid the leaking of synthetic records. In the future when software  
like BIND can recognize the synthetic answer section option that  
should no longer be an issue. Then we can cache for a short time if we  
want quick failover or as long as we want if we don't want or can't do  
quick failover.

>>>>   If this query results in an empty result or in
>>>>   an error, this result is returned to the client.

>>> Even in this case, the result has to be synthetic I think
>>> (original AAAA query followed by empty answer or error).

>> don't know
>> why do you think this is needed?

> I don't fully understand what DNS error replies look like,
> but I think they include the original query type. If so, the
> resolver code might get confused if the error reply to a AAAA
> query contained query type A.

Ok, we should clarify this in the draft, obviously when a client  
performs a query for one type the answer shouldn't come back with a  
query section for another type.

>> But if a given host uses two different NAT64 it would appear to the  
>> v4
>> world with two different IP addresses and that would somehow be
>> incompatible with endpoint indepedence?
>> Maybe this is stretching the definition of endpoint indepdence a  
>> bit too
>> much, cause endpoint independence is about a single nat box?

> Yes, and I don't see anything in today's world that says a given
> host must consistently use the same NAT for different upper layer
> sessions.

Isn't this an explicit or implicit BEHAVE requirement? It would seem  
to me that this would break stuff like STUN if the STUN server is  
reached through one NAT and the intended correspondent through another.

>>>>   TBD: What does a DNS64 do when a query for an A record returns a
>>>>   CNAME record and an A record?  The SAS option, as currently  
>>>> defined,
>>>>   flags ALL records in the answer section as synthetic.  Does the  
>>>> DNS64
>>>>   return just a CNAME record?  Does it return just an AAAA  
>>>> record?  Or
>>>>   does it return a real CNAME record and a synthetic AAAA record  
>>>> in the
>>>>   answer section -- something that the current rules do not allow.

>>> The last one seems obviously correct, so why not change the rules?

>> right
>> at this point we wanted to keep the draft as simple as possible
>> when we start adding support for specific cases, complexity grows
>> immediately and nobody can follow the draft :-)

>> we could add some flags to the sas option

I guess this depends on what we define the SAS option to be. IIRC the  
draft only talks about synthetic ADDRESSES so those can exist  
alongside the original CNAME record = no issues.
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From: "Saikat Guha" <saikat@cs.cornell.edu>
To: "Craig, Dave" <dwcraig@qualcomm.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Does ICE-TCP work only with relayed candidates across
	a Linux NAT?
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On Mon, Jun 23, 2008 at 8:07 PM, Craig, Dave <dwcraig@qualcomm.com> wrote:
> Is there any way
> that the reflexive candidates can work with this kind of NAT?
[...]
> 4. The controlled host attempts to connect to the IP address and port that
> the NAT in front of the controlling node allocated for its connection to the
> TURN server (B:b -> A:a).

If I understand your setup correctly, both ends need to attempt to
connect to the other at the same time. What should happen is that
there is a SYN from B:b->A:a, and a SYN from A:a->B:b, one of which
would get dropped by the opposing NAT while the other SYN gets across.


> If in step 4, the controlled host predicted the address and port the NAT
> would assign to a SYN sent by the controlling host, step 5 still fails.  The
> NAT expects to see SYNACK rather than SYN, so it drops the controlled host's
> SYN packet.

In this scenario are both ends sending the SYNs?

-- 
Saikat
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If the Linux NATs in the middle only allow a SYNACK response to the SYN they translated, how would the mapping setup by one SYN let another in?

Private Net 1 <-> NAT 1 <-> Internet <-> NAT 2 <-> Private Net 2

A SYN originating from Private Net 1 leaves a mapping only for a SYNACK.  Likewise, a SYN originating from Private Net 2 leaves only a mapping for a SYNACK.  Both of these SYN packets get dropped when they reach the other Private Net's NAT because they have the wrong flags.

-----Original Message-----
From: guhasaikat@gmail.com [mailto:guhasaikat@gmail.com] On Behalf Of Saikat Guha
Sent: Monday, June 23, 2008 1:25 PM
To: Craig, Dave
Cc: behave@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Does ICE-TCP work only with relayed candidates across a Linux NAT?

...

If I understand your setup correctly, both ends need to attempt to
connect to the other at the same time. What should happen is that
there is a SYN from B:b->A:a, and a SYN from A:a->B:b, one of which
would get dropped by the opposing NAT while the other SYN gets across.

...

-- 
Saikat
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On Mon, Jun 23, 2008 at 10:47 PM, Craig, Dave <dwcraig@qualcomm.com> wrote:
> Private Net 1 <-> NAT 1 <-> Internet <-> NAT 2 <-> Private Net 2
>
> A SYN originating from Private Net 1 leaves a mapping only for a SYNACK.  Likewise, a SYN originating from Private Net 2 leaves only a mapping for a SYNACK.  Both of these SYN packets get dropped when they reach the other Private Net's NAT because they have the wrong flags.


If that is indeed the case, that sounds broken ... the iptables
masquerade target from a few years ago used to support TCP sim. open.
I assume you checked there aren't any bad firewalls rules active.
Would you mind running the NAT Testing Software on
http://nutss.gforge.cis.cornell.edu/stunt.php and comparing your
result to http://www.guha.cc/saikat/stunt-results.php? result #258.

cheers,
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Brian:

Section 11 has been totally rewritten in the upcoming TURN-08  
revision. The new text allows the server to set the DSCP to some other  
value if it believes, through configuration or other means, that a  
different setting is more appropriate. I think this covers the  
situation you describe below.

- Philip


On Sun, 22-Jun-08, at 17:21 , Brian E Carpenter wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I've looked at section 11.1 "DiffServ Code Point (DSCP)"
> in draft-ietf-behave-turn-07.txt.
>
> I believe that what it says is correct (and consistent
> with general recommendations for handling DSCPs in any
> form of packet munging device). However, you could add
> something like this:
>
> If the TURN server is immediately adjacent to a differentiated
> services classifier [RFC2474], then DSCP copying MAY be omitted
> in the direction towards the classifier.
>
> (If you imagine a device that contained TURN and a diffserv
> classifier in one box, it would be quite pointless for the TURN code
> to copy DSCP values that the classifier was about to modify.)
>
>    Brian
>
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)
	Author(s)       : J. Rosenberg, et al.
	Filename        : draft-ietf-behave-turn-08.txt
	Pages           : 51
	Date            : 2008-06-24

If a host is located behind a NAT, then in certain situations it can
be impossible for that host to communicate directly with other hosts
(peers) located behind other NATs.  In these situations, it is
necessary for the host to use the services of an intermediate node
that acts as a communication relay.  This specification defines a
protocol, called TURN (Traversal Using Relays around NAT), that
allows the host to control the operation of the relay and to exchange
packets with its peers using the relay.
The TURN protocol can be used in isolation, but is more properly used
as part of the ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment) approach
to NAT traversal.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-behave-turn-08.txt

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Folks:

For various reasons, I have been unable to keep to my original  
schedule for updating TURN, which was to have a version ready for WGLC  
by the end of May. I apologize for not being able to do this.  
Unfortunately, I have not been able to work on the document in the  
past two months. I am hoping to have some time to work on it in the  
next two weeks, however I have decided to publish what I have now, in  
order to get comments before Dublin.

TURN-08, which has just been published, contains a major change. It  
introduces the concept of Preserving vs. Non-Preserving allocations  
(what I called "Fully-compliant" vs. "Partially-Compliant" allocations  
in Philly). Section 11 of the document has been totally rewritten as a  
result.

I would appreciate comments on this change.

- Philip

Here is a complete list of changes from -07 to -08

19.1.  Changed from -07 to -08

    o  Removed the BANDWIDTH attribute and all associated text  
(including
       error code 507 "Insufficient Bandwidth Capacity"), as the
       requirements for this feature were not clear and it was felt the
       feature could be easily added later.

    o  Changed the format of the REQUESTED-PROPS attribute from a one-
       byte field to a set of bit flags.  Changed the semantics of the
       unused portion of the value from RFFU to "MUST be 0" to give a
       more desirable behavior when new flags are defined.

    o  Introduced the concept of Preserving vs. Non-Preserving
       allocations.  As a result, completely revamped the rules for how
       to set the fields in the IP header, and added rules for relaying
       ICMP messages when the allocation is Preserving.




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Hi Philip,

Philip Matthews wrote:
> Folks:
> 
> For various reasons, I have been unable to keep to my original schedule
> for updating TURN, which was to have a version ready for WGLC by the end
> of May. I apologize for not being able to do this. Unfortunately, I have
> not been able to work on the document in the past two months. I am
> hoping to have some time to work on it in the next two weeks, however I
> have decided to publish what I have now, in order to get comments before
> Dublin.
> 
> TURN-08, which has just been published, contains a major change. It
> introduces the concept of Preserving vs. Non-Preserving allocations
> (what I called "Fully-compliant" vs. "Partially-Compliant" allocations
> in Philly). Section 11 of the document has been totally rewritten as a
> result.
> 
> I would appreciate comments on this change.
> 

It seems that the codepoint and definition for the new ICMP attribute
are missing.

Thanks.

-- 
Marc Petit-Huguenin           [                                 ]
Home: marc@petit-huguenin.org [RFC1855-compliant space for rent ]
Work: marc@8x8.com            [                                 ]
[                                                               ]
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Does ICE-TCP work only with relayed candidates across
	a Linux NAT?
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Just a quick comment  that ICE-TCP is in an uncertain state right now,  
as its success rate is rather low (around 40%) and the MMUSIC WG has  
not decided what it wants to do about this.

- Philip

On Mon, 23-Jun-08, at 14:07 , Craig, Dave wrote:

> I failed in a few tests to try to get a reflexive candidate to work  
> across a Linux NAT.  On closer inspection, I noticed that the latest  
> Linux NAT code tracks the full 5-tuple (IP source, destination,  
> protocol, TCP source & destination port), connection state, and  
> sequence numbers.  Is there any way that the reflexive candidates  
> can work with this kind of NAT?
>
> Let's assume that the controlling host is behind one of these NATs.
>
> 1. The controlling host obtains the server reflexive candidate, say  
> A:a for IP address:port.  The NAT records that there is an active  
> TCP connection between the addresses and ports of the controlling  
> host and the STUN server (A:a -> S:s) as well as the sequence  
> numbers in either direction.
>
> 2. The controlling host forwards an INVITE with the server reflexive  
> candidate among its other candidates to the controlled host  
> containing the address and port the NAT allocated.
>
> 3. The controlled host repeats step 1 for itself and forwards an  
> INVITE with its candidates back to the controlling host.
>
> 4. The controlled host attempts to connect to the IP address and  
> port that the NAT in front of the controlling node allocated for its  
> connection to the TURN server (B:b -> A:a).
>
> 5. The NAT looks up the NAT state using B:b -> A:a which does not  
> match A:a -> S:s, so it drops the packet.
>
> If in step 4, the controlled host predicted the address and port the  
> NAT would assign to a SYN sent by the controlling host, step 5 still  
> fails.  The NAT expects to see SYNACK rather than SYN, so it drops  
> the controlled host's SYN packet.
>
> Thanks,
>       Dave
>
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Just a quick comment &nbsp;that =
ICE-TCP is in an uncertain state right now, as its success rate is =
rather low (around 40%) and the MMUSIC WG has not decided what it wants =
to do about this.<div><br></div><div>- =
Philip</div><div><br><div><html>On Mon, 23-Jun-08, at 14:07 , Craig, =
Dave wrote:</html><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: =
10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">I failed in a few tests to try to get a =
reflexive candidate to work across a Linux NAT.&nbsp; On closer =
inspection, I noticed that the latest Linux NAT code tracks the full =
5-tuple (IP source, destination, protocol, TCP source &amp; destination =
port), connection state, and sequence numbers.&nbsp; Is there any way =
that the reflexive candidates can work with this kind of =
NAT?<o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; =
font-family: Consolas; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">Let's assume that the =
controlling host is behind one of these NATs.<o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: =
0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; =
font-family: Consolas; ">1. The controlling host obtains the server =
reflexive candidate, say A:a for IP address:port.&nbsp; The NAT records =
that there is an active TCP connection between the addresses and ports =
of the controlling host and the STUN server (A:a -> S:s) as well as the =
sequence numbers in either direction.<o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: =
0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; =
font-family: Consolas; ">2. The controlling host forwards an INVITE with =
the server reflexive candidate among its other candidates to the =
controlled host containing the address and port the NAT =
allocated.<o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: =
0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; =
font-family: Consolas; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">3. The controlled host =
repeats step 1 for itself and forwards an INVITE with its candidates =
back to the controlling host.<o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">4. =
The controlled host attempts to connect to the IP address and port that =
the NAT in front of the controlling node allocated for its connection to =
the TURN server (B:b -> A:a).<o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">5. =
The NAT looks up the NAT state using B:b -> A:a which does not match A:a =
-> S:s, so it drops the packet.<o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; ">If =
in step 4, the controlled host predicted the address and port the NAT =
would assign to a SYN sent by the controlling host, step 5 still =
fails.&nbsp; The NAT expects to see SYNACK rather than SYN, so it drops =
the controlled host's SYN packet.<o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: =
0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; =
font-family: Consolas; ">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></div><div style=3D"margin-top:=
 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: Consolas; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dave<o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-left: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></div></div>___________________________________________=
____<br>Behave mailing list<br><a href=3D"mailto:Behave@ietf.org" =
style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: underline; =
">Behave@ietf.org</a><br><a =
href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave" style=3D"color: =
blue; text-decoration: underline; =
">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave</a><br></div></span></block=
quote></div><br></div></body></html>=

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From behave-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jun 24 09:32:11 2008
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From: Philip Matthews <philip_matthews@magma.ca>
To: Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
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Sorry to be late in commenting here. I just have a few additional  
comments.

On Fri, 13-Jun-08, at 15:30 , Dan Wing wrote:
> (as an individual)
>
> I have a few comments about the draft:
>
> * The draft currently only talks of UDP/TCP/ICMP.  It needs to also
>  discuss, or at least have placeholeders for,
>    - IPSec ESP tunnel mode
>    - DCCP
>    - SCTP

Very few NATs today support DCCP or SCTP. In my personal opinion, the  
right way to support these protocols is to carry them over UDP.

>
>
> * Can ASM or SSM multicast be supported with NAT64?

I think this could be added, but personally I feel this should be a  
separate document.

>
>
> * Should discuss preserving or remarking of DSCP bits across the
>  v6/v4 boundary.
>
>
> * I know NAT-PT discussed an FTP-ALG and I see NAT64 does, too.
>  However, in 2008 can we just rely on passive (PASV) support in the
>  v6 FTP client and in the v4 FTP server so that NAT64 does not need
>  to include an FTP ALG?  I ask because a seemingly significant aspect
>  of NAT64 is that there are no v4-initiated connections to v6 hosts;
>  non-passive FTP data connections would break that aspect.
>
> I will send my nits separately to the authors.
>
> -d
>
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: behave-bounces@ietf.org
>> [mailto:behave-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of marcelo bagnulo braun
>> Sent: Tuesday, June 10, 2008 8:05 AM
>> To: Behave WG
>> Subject: [BEHAVE] [Fwd: I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt]
>>
>> Hi,
>>
>> We have submitted the following draft describing NATs for v6 to v4
>> translation.
>>
>> We would very much appreciate comments you may have
>>
>> Thanks, marcelo
>>
>>
>> -------- Mensaje original --------
>> Asunto: 	I-D Action:draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
>> Fecha: 	Tue, 10 Jun 2008 08:00:02 -0700 (PDT)
>> De: 	Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>> Responder a: 	internet-drafts@ietf.org
>> Para: 	i-d-announce@ietf.org
>>
>>
>>
>> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line
>> Internet-Drafts directories.
>>
>> 	Title           : NAT64/DNS64: Network Address and
>> Protocol Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers
>> 	Author(s)       : M. Bagnulo, et al.
>> 	Filename        : draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
>> 	Pages           : 27
>> 	Date            : 2008-06-10
>>
>> NAT64 is a mechanism for translating IPv6 packets to IPv4 packets and
>> vice-versa.  DNS64 is a mechanism for synthesizing AAAA records from
>> A records.  These two mechanisms together enable client-server
>> communication between an IPv6-only client and an IPv4-only server,
>> without requiring any changes to either the IPv6 or the IPv4 node,
>> for the class of applications that work through NATs.  They also
>> enable peer-to-peer communication between an IPv4 and an IPv6 node,
>> where the communication can be initiated by either end using
>> existing, NAT-traversing, peer-to-peer communication techniques.
>> This document specifies NAT64 and DNS64, and gives suggestions on how
>> they should be deployed.
>>
>> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00.txt
>>
>> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
>> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>>
>> Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
>> implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
>> Internet-Draft.
>>
>>
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
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>

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On Tue, 24-Jun-08, at 12:12 , Marc Petit-Huguenin wrote:
>
> It seems that the codepoint and definition for the new ICMP attribute
> are missing.

Hi Marc:

Good catch! (And thanks for the quick read).

I have added the attribute definition to my working copy. I also  
clarified that the attribute can appear only in Data indications and  
not Send indications (that is, it cannot be used by clients to send  
ICMP messages to the server).

I am checking with other authors of STUN-related documents before  
assigning a code point.

- Philip

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] DSCP and TURN
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Philip,

On 2008-06-25 03:40, Philip Matthews wrote:
> Brian:
> 
> Section 11 has been totally rewritten in the upcoming TURN-08 revision.
> The new text allows the server to set the DSCP to some other value if it
> believes, through configuration or other means, that a different setting
> is more appropriate. I think this covers the situation you describe below.

Well sort of, but I think it fudges the diffserv architecture slightly.
Diffserv doesn't operate on "belief". In fact, the only case
where what you describe is inappropriate is when there is
a diffserv classifier in the neighbourhood. So may I suggest:

   Diff-Serv Code Point

      Preferred Behavior: Set the outgoing value to the incoming value,
      unless the server includes a differentiated services classifier
      and marker [RFC2474].

      Alternate Behavior: Set the outgoing value to a fixed value,
      which by default is Best Effort unless configured otherwise.

      In both cases, if the server is immediately adjacent to a differentiated
      services classifier and marker, then DSCP setting MAY be omitted
      in the direction towards the classifier.

        Brian

> 
> - Philip
> 
> 
> On Sun, 22-Jun-08, at 17:21 , Brian E Carpenter wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I've looked at section 11.1 "DiffServ Code Point (DSCP)"
>> in draft-ietf-behave-turn-07.txt.
>>
>> I believe that what it says is correct (and consistent
>> with general recommendations for handling DSCPs in any
>> form of packet munging device). However, you could add
>> something like this:
>>
>> If the TURN server is immediately adjacent to a differentiated
>> services classifier [RFC2474], then DSCP copying MAY be omitted
>> in the direction towards the classifier.
>>
>> (If you imagine a device that contained TURN and a diffserv
>> classifier in one box, it would be quite pointless for the TURN code
>> to copy DSCP values that the classifier was about to modify.)
>>
>>    Brian
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Behave mailing list
>> Behave@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>>
> 
> 
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On Tue, 24-Jun-08, at 17:26 , Brian E Carpenter wrote:
> Philip,
>
> On 2008-06-25 03:40, Philip Matthews wrote:
>> Brian:
>>
>> Section 11 has been totally rewritten in the upcoming TURN-08  
>> revision.
>> The new text allows the server to set the DSCP to some other value  
>> if it
>> believes, through configuration or other means, that a different  
>> setting
>> is more appropriate. I think this covers the situation you describe  
>> below.
>
> Well sort of, but I think it fudges the diffserv architecture  
> slightly.
> Diffserv doesn't operate on "belief". In fact, the only case
> where what you describe is inappropriate is when there is
> a diffserv classifier in the neighbourhood. So may I suggest:
>
>   Diff-Serv Code Point
>
>      Preferred Behavior: Set the outgoing value to the incoming value,
>      unless the server includes a differentiated services classifier
>      and marker [RFC2474].
>
>      Alternate Behavior: Set the outgoing value to a fixed value,
>      which by default is Best Effort unless configured otherwise.
>
>      In both cases, if the server is immediately adjacent to a  
> differentiated
>      services classifier and marker, then DSCP setting MAY be omitted
>      in the direction towards the classifier.
>
>        Brian


Brian:

I have adopted your text with one change. For the third paragraph, I  
have used:

      In both cases, if the server is immediately adjacent to a  
differentiated
      services classifier and marker, then DSCP MAY be set to any  
arbitrary value
      in the direction towards the classifier.

I think this more accurately captures what you mean by "omitted".

- Philip

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R=E9mi Denis-Courmont skrev:

>> The intent is for other protocols which embed IP addresses in their
>> control protocol will need to fend for themselves?  For example, RTSP
>> and SIP?
> =

> RTSP/1.0 does not support IPv6 in any way. RTSP/2.0 works a lot like FTP/=
EPRT, =

> using only port numbers.
> =


For RTSP 1.0 there are some tricks that can be applied, using domain =

names instead of explicit addresses that makes it possible to handle =

IPv6. However, RTSP 2.0 will have full v6 support. I also expect that we =

can get the NAT traversal solution to help 2.0 work also across a NAT64.

Which to me appears to be what SIP will need to use also.

cheers

Magnus Westerlund
RTSP 2.0 author

IETF Transport Area Director & TSVWG Chair
----------------------------------------------------------------------
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ericsson AB                | Phone +46 8 4048287
F=E4r=F6gatan 6                | Fax   +46 8 7575550
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Philip Matthews skrev:
> Sorry to be late in commenting here. I just have a few additional comment=
s.
> =

> On Fri, 13-Jun-08, at 15:30 , Dan Wing wrote:
>> (as an individual)
>>
>> I have a few comments about the draft:
>>
>> * The draft currently only talks of UDP/TCP/ICMP.  It needs to also
>>  discuss, or at least have placeholeders for,
>>    - IPSec ESP tunnel mode
>>    - DCCP
>>    - SCTP
> =

> Very few NATs today support DCCP or SCTP. In my personal opinion, the =

> right way to support these protocols is to carry them over UDP.
> =


Well, you are talking about placing a NAT in a new architectural =

location compared to where NAT44 classically has existed. Not natively =

supporting SCTP and DCCP seems a direct action to declaring them =

impossible to go forward with.

I am not buying that the new waist of the internet is only UDP. =

Especially not in a case where we are actually talking about something =

that is being designed. Even NAT-PT has very marginal deployment so =

there are little legacy reason for us to taking short-cuts.

Cheers

Magnus Westerlund

IETF Transport Area Director & TSVWG Chair
----------------------------------------------------------------------
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Le Wednesday 25 June 2008 14:33:13 ext Magnus Westerlund, vous avez =E9crit=
=A0:
> > RTSP/1.0 does not support IPv6 in any way. RTSP/2.0 works a lot like
> > FTP/EPRT, using only port numbers.
>
> For RTSP 1.0 there are some tricks that can be applied, using domain
> names instead of explicit addresses that makes it possible to handle
> IPv6. However, RTSP 2.0 will have full v6 support. I also expect that we
> can get the NAT traversal solution to help 2.0 work also across a NAT64.
>
> Which to me appears to be what SIP will need to use also.

AFAICT, if someone wants to reach an IPv4-only SIP infrastructure from an =

IPv6-only network, using translation, SIP Outbound is the way. In that case=
, =

it should "just work", as it should be a plain TCP connection.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
Maemo Software, Nokia Devices R&D
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Le Wednesday 25 June 2008 14:38:36 ext Magnus Westerlund, vous avez =E9crit=
=A0:
> > Very few NATs today support DCCP or SCTP. In my personal opinion, the
> > right way to support these protocols is to carry them over UDP.
>
> Well, you are talking about placing a NAT in a new architectural
> location compared to where NAT44 classically has existed. Not natively
> supporting SCTP and DCCP seems a direct action to declaring them
> impossible to go forward with.

I am still of the technical opinion that DCCP is all the same as TCP =

_when_it_comes_to_NATs_ and (forgotten) UDP-Lite is all the same as UDP. So =

yeah, it is really lame not to support these two if you support TCP & UDP i=
n =

a _new_ box.

SCTP however... Pending a draft-ietf-behave-nat-sctp document, it is not cl=
ear =

to me how a "nice" NAT64 box should even handle it.

And would-be future protocols... we would need to predefine which future IP =

protocol numbers will use source/destination ports in the first four bytes, =

and which will not. Then firewalls could be somewhat forward-compatible. Fo=
r =

NATs, we would also need to define how checksumming will (or won't) be =

affected by port mangling.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont

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I would like to come to a resolution on this issue, at least in the  
case of a TURN Allocate request.

To recap: Over UDP, requests can be retransmitted if the client does  
not initially receive a response. To ensure that the client receives a  
consistent answer, STUN requires that the server always return the  
same success response. However, currently the STUN and TURN  
specification say nothing about replying with the same failure code.

Benny pointed out a case where replying with the same failure code  
would be helpful:
     For example,
     imagine when TURN server first returns failure response, then
     successful response on the second Allocate retransmission. Client  
most
     likely will ignore the second response retransmission, hence client
     thinks that the Allocate has failed while the server thinks it has
     been successful.

However, Remi commented:
     So what is the big deal? The server will just garbage collect the  
allocation
     eventually. This is perfectly normal operation. Clients can  
always "vanish"
     unexpectedly, such as if their network connection fails.
     It's totally fine if the server thinks a request has succeeded  
and the client
     thinks it's failed. Only the opposite would be an issue.


Regarding the case of a TURN Allocate request, the TURN-08 says that  
the server must generate the same reply if the response is a success  
response, but the spec is currently silent on what to do if the  
response is an error response. From section 6.2 Receiving an Allocate  
request:
    2.  The server checks if the 5-tuple is currently in use by an
        existing allocation, or was it in use by another allocation
        within the last 2 minutes.  If yes, then there are two sub- 
cases:

        *  If the transport protocol in the 5-tuple is UDP, and if the
           5-tuple is currently in use by an existing allocation, and if
           the transaction id of the request matches the transaction id
           stored with the allocation, then the request is a
           retransmission of the original request.  The server replies
           either with a stored copy of the original response, or with a
           response rebuilt from the stored state data.  If the server
           chooses to rebuild the response, then (a) it need not parse
           the request further, but can immediately start building a
           success response, (b) the value of the LIFETIME attribute can
           be set to the current value of the time-to-expire timer, and
           (c) the server may need to include an extra field in the
           allocation to store the token returned in a RESERVATION-TOKEN
           attribute.

        *  Otherwise, the server rejects the request with a 437
           (Allocation Mismatch) error.

Implementing the above text does not require a lot of extra work. The  
server already needs to keep the allocation data structure containing  
the Transaction ID, and the server already needs to check if the 5- 
tuple is in use by another allocation. All that is required is to  
check if the transaction id on the incoming request matches the one  
stored in the allocation. The response can then be easily rebuilt from  
the stored state data.

However, as I see it, replying with the same failure code requires a  
whole new data structure that remembers recently failed Allocate  
transactions. The code around this data structure has to handle  
attacks like sending lots of unsuccessful Allocation request, a  
problem that the success case does not have to worry about.  I am  
wondering if this is really worth it, given that existing TURN  
mechanisms will handle the uncommon case of an Allocate request that  
fails on the first transmission but succeeds on a retransmission (as  
Remi points out).

Right now, I am leaning towards adding text pointing out this issue  
and saying that an implementation MAY return the same failure code,  
without requiring this behavior.

Comments?

- Philip

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Le Wednesday 25 June 2008 15:56:49 ext Philip Matthews, vous avez =E9crit=
=A0:
> However, as I see it, replying with the same failure code requires a
> whole new data structure that remembers recently failed Allocate
> transactions. The code around this data structure has to handle
> attacks like sending lots of unsuccessful Allocation request, a
> problem that the success case does not have to worry about.  I am
> wondering if this is really worth it, given that existing TURN
> mechanisms will handle the uncommon case of an Allocate request that
> fails on the first transmission but succeeds on a retransmission (as
> Remi points out).

Servers don't want to keep track of errors. They write it to the log and =

forget about it. If the server returns an error because it is out of =

resources, it definitely does not want to do any book keeping.

Anyway. As I said, the server needs to cope with vanishing clients. There a=
re =

so many different ways the client could be unable to release an allocation =

explicitly. The network connection could die. The client node could crash. =

The client radio could go out of range. Or the network could be =

mis-configured so that request are received by the server, but responses =

never hit the client.

You will find this problem in _every_ request-response/error protocol. It's =

all the same if a client tries to connect to a server. An initial SYN packe=
t =

could trigger a SYN/RST (TCP accept queue full, or service being restarted)=
, =

while the retransmit could trigger a successful SYN/ACK.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
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From: "Benny Prijono" <bennylp@pjsip.org>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Duplicate request handling
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On Wed, Jun 25, 2008 at 2:56 PM, Philip Matthews
<philip_matthews@magma.ca> wrote:
>
> However, as I see it, replying with the same failure code requires a whole
> new data structure that remembers recently failed Allocate transactions. The

I imagine most people build the TURN protocol on top of the more
generic STUN protocol library, and remembering the last response sent
is part of the STUN library rather than TURN specific feature. So this
should just be a matter of sending the response statefully rather than
statelessly, so it's not really inventing a whole new data structure.


> code around this data structure has to handle attacks like sending lots of
> unsuccessful Allocation request, a problem that the success case does not
> have to worry about.  I am wondering if this is really worth it, given that
> existing TURN mechanisms will handle the uncommon case of an Allocate
> request that fails on the first transmission but succeeds on a
> retransmission (as Remi points out).
>

Cleaning up of allocation in the server may not be an issue indeed,
but these may:
 - server returns 486 (Allocation Quota Reached) for subsequent
allocation retries from the client because it has allocation from the
client while the client is not aware of it.
 - incorrect charging (provider/server charges the user/client for an
allocation that the client thinks had failed)

IMO that doesn't look too good.

And regarding the DoS attack potential, IMO it's not as bad as it
looks. For the bulk of 400 class error codes, the server doesn't need
to remember the last response since request retransmissions most
likely will trigger the same error anyway. So we only need to worry
about the "idempotent" response codes, and these would be 486
(Allocation Quota Reached) and 500 class responses. And these error
responses are generated *after* the authentication phase, so the DoS
attack potential is not increased at all with the feature.

Cheers
 Benny
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On Wed, 25-Jun-08, at 08:07 , R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:
> Le Wednesday 25 June 2008 14:38:36 ext Magnus Westerlund, vous avez  =

> =E9crit :
>>> Very few NATs today support DCCP or SCTP. In my personal opinion,  =

>>> the
>>> right way to support these protocols is to carry them over UDP.
>>
>> Well, you are talking about placing a NAT in a new architectural
>> location compared to where NAT44 classically has existed. Not  =

>> natively
>> supporting SCTP and DCCP seems a direct action to declaring them
>> impossible to go forward with.
>
> I am still of the technical opinion that DCCP is all the same as TCP
> _when_it_comes_to_NATs_ and (forgotten) UDP-Lite is all the same as  =

> UDP. So
> yeah, it is really lame not to support these two if you support TCP  =

> & UDP in
> a _new_ box.

My current opinion is that a NAT64 is just another kind of NAT (but  =

hopefully better specified!). DCCP and SCTP do not work through most  =

existing NATs, so even if we make them work through a NAT64, an  =

application will not be able to count on them working end-to-end, and  =

will thus have to revert to running them over UDP. Since running DCCP  =

over UDP will always work, why do the effort to specify DCCP over UDP  =

for NAT64 (except, perhaps, for specialized situations).

- Philip

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On 25 jun 2008, at 14:07, R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:

> And would-be future protocols... we would need to predefine which  =

> future IP
> protocol numbers will use source/destination ports in the first four  =

> bytes,
> and which will not. Then firewalls could be somewhat forward- =

> compatible. For NATs, we would also need to define how checksumming  =

> will (or won't) be
> affected by port mangling.

So we fix these fields so we know where they are in future protocols.  =

Maybe add an extra field for 32-bit alignment? Might as well store the  =

packet length there.
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On 25 jun 2008, at 13:38, Magnus Westerlund wrote:

>> Very few NATs today support DCCP or SCTP. In my personal opinion,  
>> the right way to support these protocols is to carry them over UDP.

> Well, you are talking about placing a NAT in a new architectural  
> location compared to where NAT44 classically has existed. Not  
> natively supporting SCTP and DCCP seems a direct action to declaring  
> them impossible to go forward with.

Don't forget that NAT64 is just a mechanism to keep existing stuff  
working. A requirement for using NAT64 is IPv6 connectivity, so the  
host concerned should be able to do DCCP and SCTP over IPv6.

I don't think there are any issues with translating DCCP, but SCTP  
will be problematic because of the address management that it does and  
the CRC32 as a checksum which I'm pretty sure can't be updated  
incrementally like the regular checksum in other protocols, so a NAT  
would have to invest much more CPU time into translating SCTP.

> I am not buying that the new waist of the internet is only UDP.

Agree.

On 25 jun 2008, at 16:34, Philip Matthews wrote:

> My current opinion is that a NAT64 is just another kind of NAT (but  
> hopefully better specified!). DCCP and SCTP do not work through most  
> existing NATs, so even if we make them work through a NAT64, an  
> application will not be able to count on them working end-to-end,  
> and will thus have to revert to running them over UDP. Since running  
> DCCP over UDP will always work, why do the effort to specify DCCP  
> over UDP for NAT64 (except, perhaps, for specialized situations).

But hosts behind a NAT64 are IPv6 hosts which could reasonably expect  
DCCP to work. And if some hosts use DCCP raw and some over UDP, how  
are these hosts going to talk to each other?

No short term hacks in IPv6, please.
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On 2008-06-25 22:46, Philip Matthews wrote:
> 
> On Tue, 24-Jun-08, at 17:26 , Brian E Carpenter wrote:
>> Philip,
>>
>> On 2008-06-25 03:40, Philip Matthews wrote:
>>> Brian:
>>>
>>> Section 11 has been totally rewritten in the upcoming TURN-08 revision.
>>> The new text allows the server to set the DSCP to some other value if it
>>> believes, through configuration or other means, that a different setting
>>> is more appropriate. I think this covers the situation you describe
>>> below.
>>
>> Well sort of, but I think it fudges the diffserv architecture slightly.
>> Diffserv doesn't operate on "belief". In fact, the only case
>> where what you describe is inappropriate is when there is
>> a diffserv classifier in the neighbourhood. So may I suggest:
>>
>>   Diff-Serv Code Point
>>
>>      Preferred Behavior: Set the outgoing value to the incoming value,
>>      unless the server includes a differentiated services classifier
>>      and marker [RFC2474].
>>
>>      Alternate Behavior: Set the outgoing value to a fixed value,
>>      which by default is Best Effort unless configured otherwise.
>>
>>      In both cases, if the server is immediately adjacent to a
>> differentiated
>>      services classifier and marker, then DSCP setting MAY be omitted
>>      in the direction towards the classifier.
>>
>>        Brian
> 
> 
> Brian:
> 
> I have adopted your text with one change. For the third paragraph, I
> have used:
> 
>      In both cases, if the server is immediately adjacent to a
> differentiated
>      services classifier and marker, then DSCP MAY be set to any
> arbitrary value
>      in the direction towards the classifier.
> 
> I think this more accurately captures what you mean by "omitted".

Sure

    Brian
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From: "Adam Fisk" <a@littleshoot.org>
To: "Iljitsch van Beijnum" <iljitsch@muada.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Degree of compatibility of BitTorrent with
	endpoint-independent mapping?
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IMU understanding BitTorrent doesn't formally support any NAT
traversal -- one of its many weak points.  Most clients rely on UPnP
or PMP as someone else mentioned.  Some clients support their own NAT
traversal implementations (Azureus, I believe, for example), but none
of those interoperate with other clients to my knowledge.  I've
definitely never heard of any client using TCP-SO.

See:
http://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0000.html

-Adam


On Tue, Jun 3, 2008 at 5:39 PM, Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com> wrote:
> On 3 jun 2008, at 20:25, Bruce Lowekamp wrote:
>
>>> So BitTorrent does often use NAT traversal, just not with any of
>>> the mechanisms that the IETF is familiar with.  :-)
>
>> You're right, I was thinking about techniques other than NAT control.
>
>> More importantly, though, neither of those techniques work with
>> multi-level NATs (or NATs on the other side of routers), so aren't
>> really appropriate for the problem domain we're talking about here,
>> as I understand it.  Now I suppose we could work more on extensions
>> to NAT control protocols, but I don't know if those would be well
>> received in the ISP space.  I wasn't involved in the midcom wg.
>> Maybe things have changed, though...
>
> I was just explaining how BitTorrent is commonly used, not how it
> would work in a world with multiple layers of NAT (something that we
> should avoid, anyway).
>
> If I understand the endpoint independent mapping rationale correctly,
> the idea is that once a host uses a session using a certain source
> port, then the NAT will map that internal source port into an external
> source port and after that forward incoming sessions towards the
> external port to the internal host. BitTorrent applications could
> easily be modified to take advantage of that behavior. The side effect
> would be that they no longer use up excessive amounts of port numbers,
> so this would be win-win.
>
>>> I don't see simultaneous open happen for BitTorrent very soon. They
>>> may switch to UDP instead.
>
>> I suspect that if it worked reliably, it would be used.
>
> The current situation works quite well, as people are attributing more
> than half of all internet traffic to BitTorrent and friends, so there
> was no real need to change anything, until Comcast started sending
> fake TCP resets for BitTorrent sessions. Using UDP transport could
> help against that.
> _______________________________________________
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>



-- 
http://www.littleshoot.org
Open Source, Open Standards, Open Data
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Le Wednesday 25 June 2008 21:04:10 ext Iljitsch van Beijnum, vous avez =E9c=
rit=A0:
> On 25 jun 2008, at 14:07, R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:
> > And would-be future protocols... we would need to predefine which
> > future IP
> > protocol numbers will use source/destination ports in the first four
> > bytes,
> > and which will not. Then firewalls could be somewhat forward-
> > compatible. For NATs, we would also need to define how checksumming
> > will (or won't) be
> > affected by port mangling.
>
> So we fix these fields so we know where they are in future protocols.
> Maybe add an extra field for 32-bit alignment? Might as well store the
> packet length there.

As a matter of fact, of the 5 port-based IETF transport protocols (DCCP, SC=
TP, =

TCP, UDP and UDP-Lite in alphabetical order), only one (UDP) has a length =

field.

If we really want to go down that route, we can simply say that NATs MUST N=
OT =

the "opaque" value (reserved for protocol-specific use):

 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |     Source Port Number        |     Destination Port Number   |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 |            Opaque             |            Checksum           |
 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

As you hinted in another mail, this will only work if the checksum is =

incrementally modifiable. If it were not, there is not only a CPU consumpti=
on =

problem. The NAT would also need to know the checksum coverage, a =

non-starter, I think.

Oh well, I guess I should push a strawman I-D rather than long emails.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont

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On 26 jun 2008, at 8:44, R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:

>> So we fix these fields so we know where they are in future protocols.
>> Maybe add an extra field for 32-bit alignment? Might as well store  =

>> the
>> packet length there.

> As a matter of fact, of the 5 port-based IETF transport protocols  =

> (DCCP, SCTP, TCP, UDP and UDP-Lite in alphabetical order), only one  =

> (UDP) has a length field.

You did notice that I was being somewhat sarcastic, didn't you?

The length field in UDP is stupid, because the length of the UDP  =

segment can be derived from the total packet length which is already  =

in the IP header.

> Oh well, I guess I should push a strawman I-D rather than long emails.

You're a bit late: draft-rosenberg-internet-waist-hourglass-00.txt
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Hi Iljitsch,

   Thanks for pointing to the Internet-waist-hourglass draft, IMO a =

great one.

   I don't know whether the point I make here will be considered timely,
but it insistently comes to my mind, and may interest some paricipants
in this discussion.

   All problems of checksum adjustments in NATs can disappear with the
DSTM-APBP approach:
   With it, the client host borrows a public-address+port couple for
each of its transport connections, and then exchanges packets E2E using
this couple.
   Where needed the E2E packets are appropriately encapsulated (ref
draft-despres-v6ops-apbp-00.txt).

   APBP servers lend the public-address+port couples.
   They have for this to manage mappings like the NATS have to.
   But they have besides that NO TRANSLATION to perform, only some sort
of encapsulation-decapsulation of E2E packets.

   Many variations of the detailed protocol can be imagined.
   However, a buildup of enough interest in the subject would be
approriate before the burden of a complete design can be borne.

   APBP can be seen as a compatible extension of NAT devices, with the
following payoff:
   - *Transport protocol independence*, in particular SCTP =

compatibility, for upgraded dual stack hosts that communicate via APBP =

supporting ISPs.
   - In ISP infrastructures, improved scalability of APBP servers
compared to that of NATs.

R=E9mi

Iljitsch van Beijnum  - Le 6/26/08 9:32 AM :
> On 26 jun 2008, at 8:44, R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:

>> Oh well, I guess I should push a strawman I-D rather than long =

>> emails.
> =

> You're a bit late:
draft-rosenberg-internet-waist-hourglass-00.txt

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On Wed, 25-Jun-08, at 07:33 , Magnus Westerlund wrote:
>
> For RTSP 1.0 there are some tricks that can be applied, using domain  
> names instead of explicit addresses that makes it possible to handle  
> IPv6. However, RTSP 2.0 will have full v6 support. I also expect  
> that we can get the NAT traversal solution to help 2.0 work also  
> across a NAT64.
>
> Which to me appears to be what SIP will need to use also.
>

I will just note that we (the authors of draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64)  
were careful to make sure that ICE works properly with NAT64. We  
worked a number of ICE examples involving NAT64 to make sure  
everything worked out. In the process, we changed how hairpinning  
worked to ensure hairpinning worked correctly with ICE.

- Philip


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Le Thursday 26 June 2008 15:50:45 ext Philip Matthews, vous avez =E9crit=A0:
> On Wed, 25-Jun-08, at 07:33 , Magnus Westerlund wrote:
> > For RTSP 1.0 there are some tricks that can be applied, using domain
> > names instead of explicit addresses that makes it possible to handle
> > IPv6. However, RTSP 2.0 will have full v6 support. I also expect
> > that we can get the NAT traversal solution to help 2.0 work also
> > across a NAT64.
> >
> > Which to me appears to be what SIP will need to use also.
>
> I will just note that we (the authors of draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64)
> were careful to make sure that ICE works properly with NAT64. We
> worked a number of ICE examples involving NAT64 to make sure
> everything worked out. In the process, we changed how hairpinning
> worked to ensure hairpinning worked correctly with ICE.

I think Magnus and I were concerned about the signaling path here. I doubt =
SIP =

would work properly through a NAT64 _even_ with ICE, _unless_ SIP Outbound =
is =

used. SIP Outbound will be needed for signaling, while ICE would be needed =

for media.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
Maemo Software, Nokia Devices R&D
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Hi,

(I never got Iljitsch's original email, so I'm replying to Dan's reply.)

On 2008-6-21, at 4:37, ext Dan Wing wrote:
>> From: Iljitsch van Beijnum [mailto:iljitsch@muada.com]
...
>
>> SCTP uses a non-standard checksum which probably can't be updated
>> incrementally, which would be bad for performance for the NAT64 box.

Not any worse than for a regular NAT44. IMO, a NAT64 should strive to  
support the same set of protocols that a NAT44 supports.

(We currently don't have a spec for NAT'ing SCTP, but once we do, we  
should recommend if for NAT44 and NAT64.)

Lars
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On 26 jun 2008, at 15:14, Lars Eggert wrote:

>>> SCTP uses a non-standard checksum which probably can't be updated
>>> incrementally, which would be bad for performance for the NAT64 box.

> Not any worse than for a regular NAT44.

You mean SCTP over NAT44? Well, sure. But I was more thinking of  
comparing NAT64 (or NAT44) for SCTP with NAT for TCP. The TCP checksum  
can be incrementally updated with a few add and subtract operations,  
while SCTP's CRC32 requires calculating a new CRC32 over the entire  
packet. This will certainly be a performance hit. And the NAT would  
need to understand SCTP's address management.

Considering all that and the fact that SCTP has no deployment to speak  
of, I would leave out SCTP support if I were to implement a NAT64.

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On 2008-6-25, at 17:34, ext Philip Matthews wrote:
> My current opinion is that a NAT64 is just another kind of NAT (but  
> hopefully better specified!). DCCP and SCTP do not work through most  
> existing NATs, so even if we make them work through a NAT64, an  
> application will not be able to count on them working end-to-end,  
> and will thus have to revert to running them over UDP.

There are no specifications for "running them over UDP".

> Since running DCCP over UDP will always work, why do the effort to  
> specify DCCP over UDP for NAT64 (except, perhaps, for specialized  
> situations).

IMO a well-behaved NAT will translate all our transport protocols,  
irrespective of whether IPv4 or IPv6 is used.

Yes, there aren't many well-behaved NATs out there, but one of the  
motivations behind BEHAVE is to make such specs available such that  
NAT vendors have something to implement.

Once such RFCs are out and appear in RFPs, things might slowly change.  
(Or not, maybe I'm an idealist.)

Lars
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Hi,

On 2008-6-26, at 16:22, ext Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote:
> On 26 jun 2008, at 15:14, Lars Eggert wrote:
>
>>>> SCTP uses a non-standard checksum which probably can't be updated
>>>> incrementally, which would be bad for performance for the NAT64  
>>>> box.
>
>> Not any worse than for a regular NAT44.
>
> You mean SCTP over NAT44? Well, sure. But I was more thinking of  
> comparing NAT64 (or NAT44) for SCTP with NAT for TCP. The TCP  
> checksum can be incrementally updated with a few add and subtract  
> operations, while SCTP's CRC32 requires calculating a new CRC32 over  
> the entire packet. This will certainly be a performance hit. And the  
> NAT would need to understand SCTP's address management.

Sure, but that SCTP is less translation-friendly than other transports  
is well-known. And there are some proposals in this space, such as  
draft-stewart-behave-sctpnat.

> Considering all that and the fact that SCTP has no deployment to  
> speak of, I would leave out SCTP support if I were to implement a  
> NAT64.

Sure, that's your judgment call as an implementor.

As the standards body that has defined SCTP, however, IMO it behooves  
us to describe how it can be NAT'ed (and what the issues are.)

Lars
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Iljitsch van Beijnum skrev:
> On 26 jun 2008, at 15:14, Lars Eggert wrote:
> =

>>>> SCTP uses a non-standard checksum which probably can't be updated
>>>> incrementally, which would be bad for performance for the NAT64 box.
> =

>> Not any worse than for a regular NAT44.
> =

> You mean SCTP over NAT44? Well, sure. But I was more thinking of =

> comparing NAT64 (or NAT44) for SCTP with NAT for TCP. The TCP checksum =

> can be incrementally updated with a few add and subtract operations, =

> while SCTP's CRC32 requires calculating a new CRC32 over the entire =

> packet. This will certainly be a performance hit. And the NAT would need =

> to understand SCTP's address management.

I think you should take a look at SCTP. There are an important =

differences to all the other transport protocols in regards to NAT. =

First, the checksum does not cover any pseudo header as in UDP or TCP. =

Secondly, there is a VTAG which makes it possible to avoid changing =

ports also. Thus, checksum recalculation needs to happen only when you =

really need to change to content of the packet. Which, may be necessary =

for the NAT64 case.

For a proposal on how NAT44 can be done for SCTP please see:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-stewart-behave-sctpnat-03

> =

> Considering all that and the fact that SCTP has no deployment to speak =

> of, I would leave out SCTP support if I were to implement a NAT64.
> =


Cheers

Magnus Westerlund

IETF Transport Area Director & TSVWG Chair
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Multimedia Technologies, Ericsson Research EAB/TVM
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ericsson AB                | Phone +46 8 4048287
F=E4r=F6gatan 6                | Fax   +46 8 7575550
S-164 80 Stockholm, Sweden | mailto: magnus.westerlund@ericsson.com
----------------------------------------------------------------------

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Le Thursday 26 June 2008 15:50:45 ext Philip Matthews, vous avez =E9crit=A0:
> I will just note that we (the authors of draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64)
> were careful to make sure that ICE works properly with NAT64. We
> worked a number of ICE examples involving NAT64 to make sure
> everything worked out. In the process, we changed how hairpinning
> worked to ensure hairpinning worked correctly with ICE.

And hmm... Say you have two SIP UAs, one ICE-capable IPv6-only, one =

ICE-capable IPv4-only. Further assume that the SIP signaling path works fin=
e.

For this to work, at least one of the node will need to determine an ICE =

candidate in the other IP world. In fact, I expect the IPv6-only node will =

create and learn one IPv4 mapping, for instance by querying an IPv4 STUN =

server through the NAT64 box. That means the IPv6-only node MUST understand =

IPv4 mapped-addresses within an IPv6 STUN packet:

It might be worth to point this out somewhere so that ICE/STUN implementors =

don't make wrong assumptions. But I fully expect that an IPv6-capable ICE =

stack can cope with this.

Now lets take things a bit further. Both sides sends their candidates to th=
e =

other party. First problem: the IPv6 side probably has IPv6 candidates, tha=
t =

the IPv4 side needs to "ignore" properly. Second problem: when the IPv4 sid=
e =

sends ICE connectivity checks to the IPv6 side through the NAT64... the IPv=
6 =

side will answer with an IPv6 peer-reflexive mapped address, that the IPv4 =

side needs to be able to cope with as well.

Again, I expect IPv6-capable ICE stacks to understand IPv4, but I am not so =

sure about IPv4-only ICE stacks understanding IPv6 addresses...

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
Maemo Software, Nokia Devices R&D
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On 26 jun 2008, at 15:34, Magnus Westerlund wrote:

> I think you should take a look at SCTP. There are an important  
> differences to all the other transport protocols in regards to NAT.  
> First, the checksum does not cover any pseudo header as in UDP or TCP.

Right, I knew that...

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/08mar/slides/shim6-2.pdf

I'll shut up now.  :-)
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... 
> Again, I expect IPv6-capable ICE stacks to understand IPv4, 
> but I am not so sure about IPv4-only ICE stacks understanding 
> IPv6 addresses...

The v4-only ICE endpoints only need to ignore the v6 candidates.  Both v4 and
v6 are part of ICE's grammar, but of course a v4-only host can't do anything
with v6 addresses; similarly, if we extended ICE to include DCCP and there was
a DCCP candidate, a host that does not understand DCCP can do only one thing:
ignore the DCCP candidate.

-d

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I have a preliminary agenda for our Dublin meeting at
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/08jul/agenda/behave.html and reproduced below.

If you aren't listed, and had hoped to present at the BEHAVE meeting, please
send me an email now.

-d

-----

15:20  Agenda, milestones, and document status                   (Chair, 10)

15:30  TURN                                         (Jonathan Rosenberg, 45)
         draft-ietf-behave-turn-08

16:15  DCCP                                        (Remi Denis-Courmont, 10)
         draft-ietf-behave-dccp-00

16:25  TURN URI                                    (Marc Petit-Huguenin, 10)
         draft-petithuguenin-behave-turn-uri-01

16:35  NAT64 / DNS64       (Marcelo Bagnulo Braun, Iljitsch van Beijnum, 45)
         draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00

17:20  end


(agenda version: 0.1)

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Le Thursday 26 June 2008 20:05:54 ext Dan Wing, vous avez =E9crit=A0:
> ...
>
> > Again, I expect IPv6-capable ICE stacks to understand IPv4,
> > but I am not so sure about IPv4-only ICE stacks understanding
> > IPv6 addresses...
>
> The v4-only ICE endpoints only need to ignore the v6 candidates.  Both v4
> and v6 are part of ICE's grammar, but of course a v4-only host can't do
> anything with v6 addresses; similarly, if we extended ICE to include DCCP
> and there was a DCCP candidate, a host that does not understand DCCP can =
do
> only one thing: ignore the DCCP candidate.

Yeah. Basically, you need to ignore candidates of unknown/unsupported types.

I am still worried about the use of IPv6 in the MAPPED-ADDRESS attribute of =

the STUN/ICE connectivity check response.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Michael_T=FCxen?= <Michael.Tuexen@lurchi.franken.de>
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Hi Dan,

I and/or Randall would like to present the upcoming SCTP NAT ID...

Best regards
Michael

On Jun 27, 2008, at 3:23 AM, Dan Wing wrote:

> I have a preliminary agenda for our Dublin meeting at
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/08jul/agenda/behave.html and  
> reproduced below.
>
> If you aren't listed, and had hoped to present at the BEHAVE  
> meeting, please
> send me an email now.
>
> -d
>
> -----
>
> 15:20  Agenda, milestones, and document status                    
> (Chair, 10)
>
> 15:30  TURN                                         (Jonathan  
> Rosenberg, 45)
>         draft-ietf-behave-turn-08
>
> 16:15  DCCP                                        (Remi Denis- 
> Courmont, 10)
>         draft-ietf-behave-dccp-00
>
> 16:25  TURN URI                                    (Marc Petit- 
> Huguenin, 10)
>         draft-petithuguenin-behave-turn-uri-01
>
> 16:35  NAT64 / DNS64       (Marcelo Bagnulo Braun, Iljitsch van  
> Beijnum, 45)
>         draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
>
> 17:20  end
>
>
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>
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From behave-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Jun 27 09:00:33 2008
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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Michael_T=FCxen?= <Michael.Tuexen@lurchi.franken.de>
To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <Remi.Denis-Courmont@nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] comments on draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00
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On Jun 26, 2008, at 8:44 AM, R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:

> Le Wednesday 25 June 2008 21:04:10 ext Iljitsch van Beijnum, vous  =

> avez =E9crit :
>> On 25 jun 2008, at 14:07, R=E9mi Denis-Courmont wrote:
>>> And would-be future protocols... we would need to predefine which
>>> future IP
>>> protocol numbers will use source/destination ports in the first four
>>> bytes,
>>> and which will not. Then firewalls could be somewhat forward-
>>> compatible. For NATs, we would also need to define how checksumming
>>> will (or won't) be
>>> affected by port mangling.
>>
>> So we fix these fields so we know where they are in future protocols.
>> Maybe add an extra field for 32-bit alignment? Might as well store  =

>> the
>> packet length there.
>
> As a matter of fact, of the 5 port-based IETF transport protocols  =

> (DCCP, SCTP,
> TCP, UDP and UDP-Lite in alphabetical order), only one (UDP) has a  =

> length
> field.
>
> If we really want to go down that route, we can simply say that NATs  =

> MUST NOT
> the "opaque" value (reserved for protocol-specific use):
>
> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> |     Source Port Number        |     Destination Port Number   |
> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> |            Opaque             |            Checksum           |
> +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
SCTP has a common header which looks different:

0                   1                   2                   3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|     Source Port Number        |     Destination Port Number   |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                      Verification Tag                         |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                           Checksum                            |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

I need to read the draft-bagnulo-behave-nat64-00, but for nat44 there
is a much better way to do NAT than to adapt the DPC/TCP methods since
SCTP has the verification tag. See draft-stewart-behave-sctpnat-03.txt.
We'll update it to cover multihoming in the next revision...

>
>
> As you hinted in another mail, this will only work if the checksum is
> incrementally modifiable. If it were not, there is not only a CPU  =

> consumption
> problem. The NAT would also need to know the checksum coverage, a
> non-starter, I think.
>
> Oh well, I guess I should push a strawman I-D rather than long emails.
>
> -- =

> R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
>
> _______________________________________________
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> Yeah. Basically, you need to ignore candidates of 
> unknown/unsupported types.
> 
> I am still worried about the use of IPv6 in the 
> MAPPED-ADDRESS attribute of 
> the STUN/ICE connectivity check response.

I just re-read section 7.1.2 ("Processing the Response") of
ice-19 and I didn't see where the MAPPED-ADDRESS (or XOR-
MAPPED-ADDRESS) is examined -- rather, only the source IP 
address of the response is examined (section 7.1.2.2, 
"Success Cases").  So even if the (XOR-)MAPPED-ADDRESS 
had an unrecognized address family (IPv7, let's say), it
shouldn't cause havok with ICE connectivity checks.

-d

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Cc: 'Robert Sparks' <rjsparks@estacado.net>
Subject: [BEHAVE] FW: [Sip] Registration for SIPit 23 is open
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SIPit may be interesting to some members of BEHAVE.  Please contact Robert
Sparks <rjsparks@nostrum.com> if there is something you would like them to ask
of SIPit attendees to report on or to test interoperability.  An example of a
recent SIPit report is at https://www.sipit.net/SIPit22_Summary

I am going to ask Robert to include the following questions in SIPit 22:

  * Support ice?
  * Support ice-19?
  * Support rfc3489bis's FINGERPRINT?

Are there more that BEHAVE is interested in knowing?

-d

 

-----Original Message-----
From: sip-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:sip-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Robert
Sparks
Sent: Friday, June 27, 2008 8:05 AM
To: SIP@ietf.org List
Subject: [Sip] Registration for SIPit 23 is open

Registration for SIPit 23 is open.

The event will hosted by the ETSI Interopolis Service with technical  
support from France-Telecom - Orange Labs.
We'll be in Lannion, France, October 13-17, 2008.
Registration is 490 Euro (excluding VAT) per person. Registration will  
close October 3, 2008.
See http://www.sipit.net and http://www.etsi.org/plugtests/SIPit/SIPit.htm 
  for more details.

RjS
_______________________________________________
Sip mailing list  https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sip
This list is for NEW development of the core SIP Protocol
Use sip-implementors@cs.columbia.edu for questions on current sip
Use sipping@ietf.org for new developments on the application of sip

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On Fri, Jun 27, 2008 at 8:48 PM, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:
> I am going to ask Robert to include the following questions in SIPit 22:
>
>  * Support ice?
>  * Support ice-19?
>  * Support rfc3489bis's FINGERPRINT?
>

Isn't "support for the latest rfc3489bis" enough to indicate that the
implementation should support FINGERPRINT too?

> Are there more that BEHAVE is interested in knowing?
>

TURN server/client (if it's not already there), ICE-TCP, TURN-TCP (if
these get mature enough by that time)?

And although this probably is not strictly BEHAVE, I'd be interested
to know what other NAT traversal methods endpoints support, e.g. uPnP,
SOCKS, and whatnot.

Cheers
 Benny

> -d
>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: bennylp@pjsip.com [mailto:bennylp@pjsip.com] On Behalf 
> Of Benny Prijono
> Sent: Friday, June 27, 2008 5:58 PM
> To: Dan Wing
> Cc: behave@ietf.org; Robert Sparks
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] FW: [Sip] Registration for SIPit 23 is open
> 
> On Fri, Jun 27, 2008 at 8:48 PM, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:
> > I am going to ask Robert to include the following questions 
> in SIPit 22:
> >
> >  * Support ice?
> >  * Support ice-19?
> >  * Support rfc3489bis's FINGERPRINT?
> >
> 
> Isn't "support for the latest rfc3489bis" enough to indicate that the
> implementation should support FINGERPRINT too?

FINGERPRINT was one of the more significant additions between RFC3489
and rfc3489bis.  I figured this would get a more accurate answer.

> > Are there more that BEHAVE is interested in knowing?
> 
> TURN server/client (if it's not already there), ICE-TCP, TURN-TCP (if
> these get mature enough by that time)?

Worth asking.  Turn-08, right?

> And although this probably is not strictly BEHAVE, I'd be interested
> to know what other NAT traversal methods endpoints support, e.g. uPnP,
> SOCKS, and whatnot.

Good point.  Throw NAT-PMP in, too.

-d

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On Sat, Jun 28, 2008 at 3:09 AM, Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:
>> TURN server/client (if it's not already there), ICE-TCP, TURN-TCP (if
>> these get mature enough by that time)?
>
> Worth asking.  Turn-08, right?
>

Yes. Although I suspect it would be more like turn-11 by the time
SIPit23 is held. :D

 -benny
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From behave-bounces@ietf.org  Sat Jun 28 14:37:14 2008
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action:draft-ietf-behave-turn-08.txt
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I finished updating my TURN server code, so here's a partial review of
turn-08:

- Section 4, paragraph 3:  "The server's administrator MAY choose..."

I am not sure to understand why this sentence is here.  Should be
removed or moved in a non-normative section.

- Section 4, paragraph 12:  "Subsequent requests on an allocation use
the same username and password..."

They use the same username but can use a different password.

- Section 6.2, bullet 4:

There is no way for a client to know which bit in the REQUESTED-PROPS
triggered the 508 response.  I suggest to send back the REQUESTED-PROPS
attribute with the bits set for properties that the server understand.
This way the client can retry an allocation by clearing some of the bits.

- Section 6.2, bullet 5:

This contradicts paragraph 14 of section 6.1.  I suggest to use the text
in section 6.1, because some future properties can be meaningful with a
RESERVATION-TOKEN (and it's perhaps the case for the Preserving bit).

- Section 6.2, paragraph 13:

I still think that the right thing to do is using turn-ipv6 (i.e.
explicitly ask for an IPv6 allocation).

- Section 6.2, paragraph 15:

I think that this paragraph should say something about
draft-ietf-tsvwg-port-randomization.

- Section 6.2, paragraph 18:

Should the server reject an Allocate with a RESERVATION-TOKEN that was
reserved from a different protocol (i.e. if the first port is allocated
from a UDP connection, should the server reject the RESERVATION-TOKEN
allocate if it is on a TCP connection?)

- Section 8, paragraph 5:  "The default permission lifetime MUST be 300
seconds"

Either "default" or "MUST" is redundant.

- Section 10.4, paragraph 4:

If the length is equal to 0, should an empty packet be sent (like when
Send contains an empty DATA attribute) or does it just refresh the
permission?

- Section 10.7, paragraph 7:

This paragraph is nearly identical to section 9.3.  I suggest to add
another section between 10 and 11 that merge the two texts.

- Section 13:

As I said in a previous email, the codepoint and definition for the ICMP
attribute are missing.



Some nits:

- Section 2.5, paragraph 3:  "... from the peer DOES NOT refresh ..."

"DOES NOT" is not defined by RFC 2119.  Besides this section is
non-normative.

- Section 5, paragraph 11:  "... EXCEPT an Allocate request..."

"EXCEPT" is not defined by RFC 2119.

- Section 6.1, paragraph 5:  "...note that this is NOT the..."

"NOT" is not defined by RFC 2119.

- Section 6.1, paragraph 6:  "...the field to less tha the default value."

s/tha/than/

- Section 7.2, paragraph 2:  "...but the allocation is NOT deleted..."

"NOT" is not defined by RFC 2119.

- Section 11.2, paragraph 13:  "...SHOULD relay as all ICMP..."

s/as all/all/

- Section 11.2, paragraph 13:  "...and MUST relay at at least..."

s/at at/at/

- Section 13.7, paragraph 3:  "...and MUST be ignores on receiption."

s/receiption/reception/

-- 
Marc Petit-Huguenin           [                                 ]
Home: marc@petit-huguenin.org [RFC1855-compliant space for rent ]
Work: marc@8x8.com            [                                 ]
[                                                               ]
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Le Friday 27 June 2008 22:48:09 ext Dan Wing, vous avez =E9crit=A0:
> SIPit may be interesting to some members of BEHAVE.  Please contact Robert
> Sparks <rjsparks@nostrum.com> if there is something you would like them to
> ask of SIPit attendees to report on or to test interoperability.  An
> example of a recent SIPit report is at
> https://www.sipit.net/SIPit22_Summary
>
> I am going to ask Robert to include the following questions in SIPit 22:
>
>   * Support ice?
>   * Support ice-19?
>   * Support rfc3489bis's FINGERPRINT?

XOR-MAPPED-ADDRESS.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
Maemo Software, Nokia Devices R&D
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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?R=E9mi_Denis-Courmont?= <remi.denis-courmont@nokia.com>
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Le Friday 27 June 2008 20:26:27 ext Dan Wing, vous avez =E9crit=A0:
> > Yeah. Basically, you need to ignore candidates of
> > unknown/unsupported types.
> >
> > I am still worried about the use of IPv6 in the
> > MAPPED-ADDRESS attribute of
> > the STUN/ICE connectivity check response.
>
> I just re-read section 7.1.2 ("Processing the Response") of
> ice-19 and I didn't see where the MAPPED-ADDRESS (or XOR-
> MAPPED-ADDRESS) is examined -- rather, only the source IP
> address of the response is examined (section 7.1.2.2,
> "Success Cases").  So even if the (XOR-)MAPPED-ADDRESS
> had an unrecognized address family (IPv7, let's say), it
> shouldn't cause havok with ICE connectivity checks.

| 7.1.2.2.1.  Discovering Peer Reflexive Candidates
|
|    The agent checks the mapped address from the STUN response.  If the
|    transport address does not match any of the local candidates that the
|    agent knows about, the mapped address represents a new candidate - a
|    peer reflexive candidate.

In principles, a very well written ICE stack could cope with unknown addres=
s =

families. It could simply assume that a mapped address of unknown family =

always represents a new candidate, and it would never try to use it in an =

updated offer (because it would not know how to spell it in the SDP).

But... to me, this seems unlikely to work unless it has been specifically =

considered by the implementor.

-- =

R=E9mi Denis-Courmont
Maemo Software, Nokia Devices R&D
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> In principles, a very well written ICE stack could cope with 
> unknown address 
> families. It could simply assume that a mapped address of 
> unknown family 
> always represents a new candidate, and it would never try to 
> use it in an 
> updated offer (because it would not know how to spell it in the SDP).

That's a good point.

> But... to me, this seems unlikely to work unless it has been 
> specifically considered by the implementor.

We may very well need a 'ICE implementators guide'.  I recently became aware
of a Microsoft document that includes some aspects of what could be an ICE
implementors guide, <http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc431495.aspx>.

-d

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- Section 9.4.  Receiving a Data Indication

This section should mention the ICMP attribute that can be included in
the Data Indication. If it is included, the client shouldn't just
deliver the DATA attribute content to the application.

-- 
View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/I-D-Action%3Adraft-ietf-behave-turn-08.txt-tp18094194p18199325.html
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