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From: Rainer Gerhards <rgerhards@hq.adiscon.com>
To: "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: syslog scalability
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Subject: [BEHAVE] syslog scalability
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From dbharrington@comcast.net  Fri Mar 29 13:50:41 2013
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From: "David Harrington" <dbharrington@comcast.net>
To: <simon.perreault@viagenie.ca>, <tina.tsou.zouting@huawei.com>, <ssenthil@cisco.com>
Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2013 16:50:35 -0400
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Cc: behave@ietf.org
Subject: [BEHAVE] nat-mib-05
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Hi,

I ran the nat-mib-05 through libsmi tools, and it reported errors.
I'm having some issues with my use if libsmi on a new machine, so there
might be some false positives in my results,
But I manually checked a couple and they do appear to be errors.
	(REVISION versus LAST-Update; NatNotifications appears to be
undefined; natPoolIndex should be not-accessible) 
Have you run the MIB through the libsmi tools?
(http://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/libsmi/tools/)
Have you checked the MIB against the guidelines in RFC4181?

David Harrington
dbharrington@comcast.net
+1-603-828-1401



From ietfdbh@comcast.net  Mon Apr  1 20:43:52 2013
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From: "ietfdbh" <ietfdbh@comcast.net>
To: "'David Harrington'" <dbharrington@comcast.net>, <simon.perreault@viagenie.ca>, <tina.tsou.zouting@huawei.com>, <ssenthil@cisco.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Apr 2013 23:43:50 -0400
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Cc: behave@ietf.org
Subject: [BEHAVE] nat-mib-05 security considerations
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Hi,

I notice that you have used a crafted security considerations section rather
than using the boilerplate available at
https://svn.tools.ietf.org/area/ops/trac/wiki/mib-security#

I haven't seen anything that makes me believe the policy has changed.
You really should use the boilerplate, and fill it in in the manner
described.
It took significant negotiation between the various slates of OPS and SEC
Ads to craft the boilerplate.
Some of the text in your sec cons is not consistent with best current
practices.

David Harrington
ietfdbh@comcast.net
+1-603-828-1401

-----Original Message-----
From: behave-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:behave-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
David Harrington
Sent: Friday, March 29, 2013 4:51 PM
To: simon.perreault@viagenie.ca; tina.tsou.zouting@huawei.com;
ssenthil@cisco.com
Cc: behave@ietf.org
Subject: [BEHAVE] nat-mib-05

Hi,

I ran the nat-mib-05 through libsmi tools, and it reported errors.
I'm having some issues with my use if libsmi on a new machine, so there
might be some false positives in my results, But I manually checked a couple
and they do appear to be errors.
	(REVISION versus LAST-Update; NatNotifications appears to be
undefined; natPoolIndex should be not-accessible) Have you run the MIB
through the libsmi tools?
(http://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/projects/libsmi/tools/)
Have you checked the MIB against the guidelines in RFC4181?

David Harrington
dbharrington@comcast.net
+1-603-828-1401


_______________________________________________
Behave mailing list
Behave@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


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Cc: Shin Miyakawa <miyakawa@nttv6.jp>
Subject: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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Dear all,

I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our verification.
The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are available on the document.
Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.

By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to "draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC very soon.

The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for Informational.
The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it in the next revision.

The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in English.
I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.

Best regards,

kaname




> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: 	New Version Notification for 
> draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
> Date: 	Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700
> From: 	internet-drafts@ietf.org
> To: 	kaname@nttv6.jp
>
>
>
> A new version of I-D, draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
> has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
> IETF repository.
>
> Filename:	 draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
> Revision:	 00
> Title:		 Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment Considerations.
> Creation date:	 2013-03-29
> Group:		 Individual Submission
> Number of pages: 16
> URL:http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
> Status:http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
> Htmlized:http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00
>
>
> Abstract:
>     This document provides deployment considerations for Carrier-Grade-
>     NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the investigation
>     of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
>     conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
>     experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
>     emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.
>
>                                                                                    
>
>
> The IETF Secretariat
>
>
>


-- 
----
Kaname Nishizuka
Innovative Architecture Center
NTT Communications Corporation
+81-50-3812-4704


--------------080100010404020903030602
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    <pre wrap="">Dear all,

I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our verification.
The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are available on the document.
Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.

By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to "draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC very soon.

The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for Informational.
The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it in the next revision.

The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in English.
I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.

Best regards,

kaname

</pre>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <blockquote cite="mid:515A8B2E.9060706@nttv6.jp" type="cite">
      <div class="moz-forward-container">-------- Original Message
        --------
        <table class="moz-email-headers-table" border="0"
          cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <th nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE" align="RIGHT">Subject:

              </th>
              <td>New Version Notification for
                draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE" align="RIGHT">Date:
              </th>
              <td>Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE" align="RIGHT">From:
              </th>
              <td><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                  href="mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org">internet-drafts@ietf.org</a></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE" align="RIGHT">To: </th>
              <td><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                  href="mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp">kaname@nttv6.jp</a></td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <br>
        <br>
        <pre>A new version of I-D, draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
Revision:	 00
Title:		 Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment Considerations.
Creation date:	 2013-03-29
Group:		 Individual Submission
Number of pages: 16
URL:             <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt</a>
Status:          <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations">http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations</a>
Htmlized:        <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00</a>


Abstract:
   This document provides deployment considerations for Carrier-Grade-
   NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the investigation
   of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
   conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
   experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
   emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.

                                                                                  


The IETF Secretariat

</pre>
        <br>
      </div>
      <br>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
---- 
Kaname Nishizuka
Innovative Architecture Center
NTT Communications Corporation
+81-50-3812-4704</pre>
  </body>
</html>

--------------080100010404020903030602--

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Date: Tue, 2 Apr 2013 09:07:43 -0700
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References: <20130328141225.16450.37444.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <515A8B2E.9060706@nttv6.jp> <515A98BA.9030409@nttv6.jp>
To: kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp>
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Cc: Shin Miyakawa <miyakawa@nttv6.jp>, behave@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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On Apr 2, 2013, at 1:37 AM, kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp> wrote:

> Dear all,
>=20
> I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
> We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
> Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our =
verification.
> The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are =
available on the document.
> Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.
Thanks for publishing this document.

I like the description of DNS location at =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0#section-6.3, as this is an important mechanism to reduce the =
transactional load on the CGN.  Have you analyzed the number of =
subscribers that over-ride the ISP-provided DNS servers to use other DNS =
servers (e.g., Google, OpenDNS), as that DNS query traffic will traverse =
the CGN.

=
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0#section-5.3.2 would benefit from some discussion of the privacy impact =
of an ISP storing destination information, and should also describe =
memory impact (in the CGN) if the subscriber uses the same source port =
to visit many different destinations (if CGN does not store the list of =
destinations, CGN will generate a log for every packet sent to a new =
destination).  Applications such as bittorrent can consume a lot of =
memory in a CGN that is configured for destination logging.

-d


> By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to =
"draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC =
very soon.
>=20
> The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for =
Informational.
> The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it =
in the next revision.
>=20
> The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in =
English.
> I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.
>=20
> Best regards,
>=20
> kaname
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>> -------- Original Message --------
>> Subject:	New Version Notification for =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>> Date:	Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700
>> From:	internet-drafts@ietf.org
>> To:	kaname@nttv6.jp
>>=20
>> A new version of I-D, =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>> has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
>> IETF repository.
>>=20
>> Filename:	 draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
>> Revision:	 00
>> Title:		 Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment =
Considerations.
>> Creation date:	 2013-03-29
>> Group:		 Individual Submission
>> Number of pages: 16
>> URL:             =
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-conside=
rations-00.txt
>> Status:          =
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerati=
ons
>> Htmlized:        =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0
>>=20
>>=20
>> Abstract:
>>    This document provides deployment considerations for =
Carrier-Grade-
>>    NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the =
investigation
>>    of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
>>    conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
>>    experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
>>    emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.
>>=20
>>                                                                       =
           =20
>>=20
>>=20
>> The IETF Secretariat
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>=20
>=20
> --=20
> ----=20
> Kaname Nishizuka
> Innovative Architecture Center
> NTT Communications Corporation
> +81-50-3812-4704
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


--Apple-Mail=_68EAD554-4854-42C0-8376-7F99067CE509
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset=us-ascii

<html><head><meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html =
charset=3Dus-ascii"></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; =
"><br><div><div>On Apr 2, 2013, at 1:37 AM, kaname nishizuka &lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp">kaname@nttv6.jp</a>&gt; wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite">
<meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8">
 =20
  <div text=3D"#000000" bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF">
    <pre wrap=3D"">Dear all,

I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our verification.
The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are =
available on the document.
Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.
</pre></div></blockquote><div>Thanks for publishing this =
document.</div><div><br></div><div>I like the description of DNS =
location at&nbsp;<a =
href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-consider=
ations-00#section-6.3">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-depl=
oyment-considerations-00#section-6.3</a>, as this is an important =
mechanism to reduce the transactional load on the CGN. &nbsp;Have you =
analyzed the number of subscribers that over-ride the ISP-provided DNS =
servers to use other DNS servers (e.g., Google, OpenDNS), as that DNS =
query traffic will traverse the CGN.</div><div><br></div><div><a =
href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-consider=
ations-00#section-5.3.2">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-de=
ployment-considerations-00#section-5.3.2</a> would benefit from some =
discussion of the privacy impact of an ISP storing destination =
information, and should also describe memory impact (in the CGN) if the =
subscriber uses the same source port to visit many different =
destinations (if CGN does not store the list of destinations, CGN will =
generate a log for every packet sent to a new destination). =
&nbsp;Applications such as bittorrent can consume a lot of memory in a =
CGN that is configured for destination =
logging.</div><div><br></div><div>-d</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><b=
lockquote type=3D"cite"><div text=3D"#000000" bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><pre =
wrap=3D"">By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to =
"draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC =
very soon.

The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for =
Informational.
The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it in =
the next revision.

The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in =
English.
I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.

Best regards,

kaname

</pre>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <blockquote cite=3D"mid:515A8B2E.9060706@nttv6.jp" type=3D"cite">
      <div class=3D"moz-forward-container">-------- Original Message
        --------
        <table class=3D"moz-email-headers-table" border=3D"0" =
cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <th nowrap=3D"nowrap" valign=3D"BASELINE" =
align=3D"RIGHT">Subject:

              </th>
              <td>New Version Notification for
                =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th nowrap=3D"nowrap" valign=3D"BASELINE" =
align=3D"RIGHT">Date:
              </th>
              <td>Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th nowrap=3D"nowrap" valign=3D"BASELINE" =
align=3D"RIGHT">From:
              </th>
              <td><a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" =
class=3D"moz-txt-link-abbreviated" =
href=3D"mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org">internet-drafts@ietf.org</a></td>=

            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th nowrap=3D"nowrap" valign=3D"BASELINE" =
align=3D"RIGHT">To: </th>
              <td><a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" =
class=3D"moz-txt-link-abbreviated" =
href=3D"mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp">kaname@nttv6.jp</a></td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <br>
        <br>
        <pre>A new version of I-D, =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
Revision:	 00
Title:		 Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment Considerations.
Creation date:	 2013-03-29
Group:		 Individual Submission
Number of pages: 16
URL:             <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" =
class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext" =
href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment=
-considerations-00.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuk=
a-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt</a>
Status:          <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" =
class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext" =
href=3D"http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-con=
siderations">http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deploymen=
t-considerations</a>
Htmlized:        <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" =
class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext" =
href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-consider=
ations-00">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-consi=
derations-00</a>


Abstract:
   This document provides deployment considerations for Carrier-Grade-
   NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the investigation
   of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
   conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
   experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
   emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.

                                                                         =
        =20


The IETF Secretariat

</pre>
        <br>
      </div>
      <br>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class=3D"moz-signature" cols=3D"72">--=20
----=20
Kaname Nishizuka
Innovative Architecture Center
NTT Communications Corporation
+81-50-3812-4704</pre>
  </div>

_______________________________________________<br>Behave mailing =
list<br><a =
href=3D"mailto:Behave@ietf.org">Behave@ietf.org</a><br>https://www.ietf.or=
g/mailman/listinfo/behave<br></blockquote></div><br></body></html>=

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From: "Rajiv Asati (rajiva)" <rajiva@cisco.com>
To: "Dan Wing (dwing)" <dwing@cisco.com>, kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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References: <20130328141225.16450.37444.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <515A8B2E.9060706@nttv6.jp> <515A98BA.9030409@nttv6.jp> <DAF649E9-03F4-410A-A5E0-3ECC8689F08F@cisco.com>
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Cc: Shin Miyakawa <miyakawa@nttv6.jp>, "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] New Version Notification for	draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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This document would benefit from including the throughput/capacity discussi=
on a bit along the following lines:

- challenges in spreading the traffic load (100G, say) among the available =
NAT capacity (distributed intra-chassis or inter-chassis). For ex, NAT entr=
y is created by the upstream traffic, which is negligible to the downstream=
 traffic that can exhaust the NAT capacity.
	For ex, poor usage of NAT capacity by fragmenting the IP pool (both inside=
 and outside)

More inline,

> I like the description of DNS location at http://tools.ietf.org/html/draf=
t-
> nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#section-6.3, as this is an
> important mechanism to reduce the transactional load on the CGN.  Have

It is certainly desirable trait to let the DNS server not exhaust the CGN c=
apacity. However, such a trait is not attainable when the number of users i=
s too high to avoid overlapping (of private address space). This ends up mo=
ving DNS behind the CGN. :(

Cheers,
Rajiv


> -----Original Message-----
> From: behave-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:behave-bounces@ietf.org] On
> Behalf Of Dan Wing (dwing)
> Sent: Tuesday, April 02, 2013 12:08 PM
> To: kaname nishizuka
> Cc: Shin Miyakawa; behave@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-
> deployment-considerations-00.txt
>=20
>=20
> On Apr 2, 2013, at 1:37 AM, kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp> wrote:
>=20
>=20
> 	Dear all,
>=20
> 	I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
> 	We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
> 	Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our
> verification.
> 	The useful information about the average consumption of the ports
> are available on the document.
> 	Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.
>=20
> Thanks for publishing this document.
>=20
> I like the description of DNS location at http://tools.ietf.org/html/draf=
t-
> nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#section-6.3, as this is an
> important mechanism to reduce the transactional load on the CGN.  Have
> you analyzed the number of subscribers that over-ride the ISP-provided
> DNS servers to use other DNS servers (e.g., Google, OpenDNS), as that DNS
> query traffic will traverse the CGN.
>=20
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-
> 00#section-5.3.2 would benefit from some discussion of the privacy impact
> of an ISP storing destination information, and should also describe memor=
y
> impact (in the CGN) if the subscriber uses the same source port to visit =
many
> different destinations (if CGN does not store the list of destinations, C=
GN
> will generate a log for every packet sent to a new destination).  Applica=
tions
> such as bittorrent can consume a lot of memory in a CGN that is configure=
d
> for destination logging.
>=20
> -d
>=20
>=20
>=20
> 	By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to "draft-
> ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC very soon.
>=20
> 	The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for
> Informational.
> 	The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it
> in the next revision.
>=20
> 	The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in
> English.
> 	I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.
>=20
> 	Best regards,
>=20
> 	kaname
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> 		-------- Original Message --------
> Subject: 	New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-
> deployment-considerations-00.txt
> Date: 	Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700
> From: 	internet-drafts@ietf.org
> To: 	kaname@nttv6.jp
>=20
>=20
> 		A new version of I-D, draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-
> considerations-00.txt
> 		has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and
> posted to the
> 		IETF repository.
>=20
> 		Filename:	 draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-
> considerations
> 		Revision:	 00
> 		Title:		 Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment
> Considerations.
> 		Creation date:	 2013-03-29
> 		Group:		 Individual Submission
> 		Number of pages: 16
> 		URL:             http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-
> nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
> 		Status:          http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-
> cgn-deployment-considerations
> 		Htmlized:        http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-
> deployment-considerations-00
>=20
>=20
> 		Abstract:
> 		   This document provides deployment considerations for
> Carrier-Grade-
> 		   NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the
> investigation
> 		   of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification
> was
> 		   conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale
> network
> 		   experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers
> was
> 		   emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> 		The IETF Secretariat
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> 	--
> 	----
> 	Kaname Nishizuka
> 	Innovative Architecture Center
> 	NTT Communications Corporation
> 	+81-50-3812-4704
> 	_______________________________________________
> 	Behave mailing list
> 	Behave@ietf.org
> 	https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>=20
>=20


From ssenthil@cisco.com  Tue Apr  2 15:03:44 2013
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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp>, "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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Hi Kaname,
It is a pretty interesting study. I have a few comments on the sections on =
your IP address requirements calculations.In the dynamic assignment, the po=
rts of pool address are allocated





"   # of pool address (P) =3D # of Subscriber (S) * a * N / (65536 - R)

   Here, (R) is reserved TCP/UDP port list referred in
   [I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ni=
shizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#ref-I-D.donley-behave-deterministi=
c-cgn>].  CGN should eliminate the
   wellknown ports (0-1023 for TCP and UDP) to avoid the bad
   interpretation from destination servers.  It is natural to translate
   source port of outgoing packet to ephemeral ports.  The ports after
   32768 is considered to be used without any problems because ephemeral
   ports are 32768-61000 for Linux and 49152-65535 in the IANA
   recommendations.  As the result, 3,051 pool addresses are sufficient
   for 1,000,000 subscribers.  The feasibility of configuration was
   confirmed in the verification."


[Senthil] Most of the NATs use the entire port space from 1024-65536, did y=
ou find differently?

If you had used the entire port space, you would only require 1526 addresse=
s instead of 3051.

I think not using the 1024-32768 is not practical and inefficient.



   On the other hand, in static assignment, the ports are allocated a
   priori for every users.  The pool addresses and ports are reserved to
   every users, so most of them could be a dead stock because there are
   light users and heavy users in aspect of port consumption.  The max
   number of port consumption in all subscribers is the key value for
   static assignment.  The true peak number of the session by a heavy
   user could be over 10,000 sessions.  However it is assumed that such
   a severe consumption of ports to be an abuse, so the number of
   statically assigned port (M) is controllable parameter by each
   providers.  In the static assignment, the required number of the pool
   address is as follows:

   # of pool address (P) =3D # of Subscriber (S) * M / (65536 - R)

   Taking account into the investigation of number of sessions of
   applications, the desirable value of (M) is over 1,000.  As the
   result, no less than 30,517 pool addresses are needed for 1,000,000
   subscribers.  The compression ratio is one tenth of the case of
   dynamic assignment."


[Senthil] Going by the same standards of using the entire available port ra=
nge, you should require 15259 addresses.
But the point is the cost of static allocation to dynamic allocation is 10:=
1, which is huge and given the fact there is only so little
address space that is available, it should be used efficiently. Just by loo=
king at that calculation, it seems amply clear that dynamic is preferred ov=
er static,
as you have noted.
That leads us to the next topic on logging.



  " In addition, the indicator of the allocation and deallocation are
   needed because it assures that the identified subscriber certainly
   had been using the translated IP address and port.  Plus, including
   the index of the CGN host, the average size of NAT log is about 120
   byte in ASCII format.  Every active subscriber generate 400 sessions
   in average for a certain amount of time.  It is assumed that the
   event happens every 5 minute in the most severe condition.  The size
   of the log (L) for time frame (T) can be estimated as follows:

   The size of log (L) =3D # of Subscriber (S) * a * N * 120byte * 2 * (
   Time frame(T) / 5 min. )



   It should be noted that the log is generated at the timing of NAT
   table creation and freeing.  As the result, for 1,000,000 users, the
   size of log is piled up to 6.4 terabytes per day.  The verification
   result confirm the existing estimation referred in
   [I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ni=
shizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#ref-I-D.donley-behave-deterministi=
c-cgn>]."


[Senthil] I think it should be mentioned that with binary format for the ab=
ove logging information, you need 26 bytes.

Transport Protocol -  1 byte

 Source IP address:port =96 6 bytes
 Source IP address:port after translation =96 6 bytes
 Timestamp =96 8 bytes

 Add/Delete =96 1 byte

 Subscriber ID/VRF ID =96 4 bytes


I would help a lot to add the binary logging calculation in addition to the=
 ascii format to help people choose the right method for them.

Going by the same formula you need 1.36 TB/day with binary logging. Assumin=
g that the compression ratio is the same

For both ascii and binary data, you have 1/4-1/5th of advantage with binary=
 logging.

You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,000,000 subscribers assuming cost =
of 1TB is US$80,

we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or 0.024 cents/subscriber/month. Ev=
en with ASCII logging requirements this doesn=92t sound like a mammoth cost=
.

Sure, there are other operating expenses involved but comparing that with t=
he efficiency of a dynamic port allocation mechanism and requiring 10 times=
 less

public addresses seems to be a compelling winning argument than changing ev=
ery CGN implementation to save for logging costs.


Thanks

Senthil








From: kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp<mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp>>
Date: Tuesday, April 2, 2013 4:37 AM
To: "behave@ietf.org<mailto:behave@ietf.org>" <behave@ietf.org<mailto:behav=
e@ietf.org>>
Cc: Shin Miyakawa <miyakawa@nttv6.jp<mailto:miyakawa@nttv6.jp>>
Subject: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-dep=
loyment-considerations-00.txt


Dear all,

I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our verification.
The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are avail=
able on the document.
Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.

By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to "draft-ietf-=
behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC very soon.

The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for Informationa=
l.
The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it in the=
 next revision.

The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in English.
I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.

Best regards,

kaname





-------- Original Message --------
Subject:        New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment=
-considerations-00.txt
Date:   Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700
From:   internet-drafts@ietf.org<mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org>
To:     kaname@nttv6.jp<mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp>



A new version of I-D, draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
IETF repository.

Filename:        draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
Revision:        00
Title:           Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment Considerations.
Creation date:   2013-03-29
Group:           Individual Submission
Number of pages: 16
URL:             http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-de=
ployment-considerations-00.txt
Status:          http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deploy=
ment-considerations
Htmlized:        http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-=
considerations-00


Abstract:
   This document provides deployment considerations for Carrier-Grade-
   NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the investigation
   of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
   conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
   experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
   emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.




The IETF Secretariat







--
----
Kaname Nishizuka
Innovative Architecture Center
NTT Communications Corporation
+81-50-3812-4704

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<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3DWindows-1=
252">
</head>
<body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-lin=
e-break: after-white-space; ">
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
Hi Kaname,</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
It is a pretty interesting study. I have a few comments on the sections on =
your IP address requirements calculations.<span style=3D"font-size: 1em; ">=
In the dynamic assignment, the ports of pool address are allocated</span></=
div>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break=
-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri">  =20

</font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break=
-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri">&quot;   # of pool address (P) =
=3D # of Subscriber (S) * a * N / (65536 - R)

   Here, (R) is reserved TCP/UDP port list referred in
   [<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-co=
nsiderations-00#ref-I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn">I-D.donley-behave-=
deterministic-cgn</a>].  CGN should eliminate the
   wellknown ports (0-1023 for TCP and UDP) to avoid the bad
   interpretation from destination servers.  It is natural to translate
   source port of outgoing packet to ephemeral ports.  The ports after
   32768 is considered to be used without any problems because ephemeral
   ports are 32768-61000 for Linux and 49152-65535 in the IANA
   recommendations.  As the result, 3,051 pool addresses are sufficient
   for 1,000,000 subscribers.  The feasibility of configuration was
   confirmed in the verification.&quot;
<br></font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always;=
 "><font face=3D"Calibri">[Senthil] Most of the NATs use the entire port sp=
ace from 1024-65536, did you find differently?</font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always;=
 "><font face=3D"Calibri">If you had used the entire port space, you would =
only require 1526 addresses instead of 3051.</font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always;=
 "><font face=3D"Calibri">I think not using the 1024-32768 is not practical=
 and inefficient. </font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break=
-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri"><br></font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break=
-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri">
   On the other hand, in static assignment, the ports are allocated a
   priori for every users.  The pool addresses and ports are reserved to
   every users, so most of them could be a dead stock because there are
   light users and heavy users in aspect of port consumption.  The max
   number of port consumption in all subscribers is the key value for
   static assignment.  The true peak number of the session by a heavy
   user could be over 10,000 sessions.  However it is assumed that such
   a severe consumption of ports to be an abuse, so the number of
   statically assigned port (M) is controllable parameter by each
   providers.  In the static assignment, the required number of the pool
   address is as follows:

   # of pool address (P) =3D # of Subscriber (S) * M / (65536 - R)

   Taking account into the investigation of number of sessions of
   applications, the desirable value of (M) is over 1,000.  As the
   result, no less than 30,517 pool addresses are needed for 1,000,000
   subscribers.  The compression ratio is one tenth of the case of
   dynamic assignment.&quot;
</font></pre>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
<br>
</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
[Senthil] Going by the same standards of using the entire available port ra=
nge, you should require 15259 addresses.</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
But the point is the cost of static allocation to dynamic allocation is 10:=
1, which is huge and given the fact there is only so little&nbsp;</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
address space that is available, it should be used efficiently. Just by loo=
king at that calculation, it seems amply clear that dynamic is preferred ov=
er static,</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
as you have noted.</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
That leads us to the next topic on logging.</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
<br>
</div>
<div>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 1em; margin=
-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"C=
alibri" style=3D"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; "> =20
 </font><font face=3D"Courier"> &quot; In addition, the indicator of the al=
location and deallocation are
   needed because it assures that the identified subscriber certainly
   had been using the translated IP address and port.  Plus, including
   the index of the CGN host, the average size of NAT log is about 120
   byte in ASCII format.  Every active subscriber generate 400 sessions
   in average for a certain amount of time.  It is assumed that the
   event happens every 5 minute in the most severe condition.  The size
   of the log (L) for time frame (T) can be estimated as follows:

   The size of log (L) =3D # of Subscriber (S) * a * N * 120byte * 2 * (
   Time frame(T) / 5 min. )
</font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 1em; margin=
-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"C=
ourier"><br></font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 1em; margin=
-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"C=
ourier">   It should be noted that the log is generated at the timing of NA=
T
   table creation and freeing.  As the result, for 1,000,000 users, the
   size of log is piled up to 6.4 terabytes per day.  The verification
   result confirm the existing estimation referred in
   [<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-co=
nsiderations-00#ref-I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn">I-D.donley-behave-=
deterministic-cgn</a>].&quot;</font><font face=3D"Calibri" style=3D"font-fa=
mily: Calibri, sans-serif; ">
<br></font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-brea=
k-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"font-size: 1em;">=
[Senthil]&nbsp;</span>I<span style=3D"font-size: 1em;"> think it should be =
mentioned that with binary format for the above logging information, you ne=
ed 26 bytes.</span></font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-brea=
k-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"font-size: 1em;">=
Transport Protocol -  1 byte</span></font></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-b=
reak-before: always; "><pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);=
 font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0px; margin=
-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri"><span sty=
le=3D"font-size: 1em;"> Source IP address:port </span>=96<span style=3D"fon=
t-size: 1em;"> 6 bytes
 Source IP address:port after translation </span>=96<span style=3D"font-siz=
e: 1em;"> 6 bytes
 Timestamp </span>=96<span style=3D"font-size: 1em;"> 8 bytes</span></font>=
</pre><pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Cal=
ibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; pag=
e-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"font-size: =
1em;"> Add/Delete </span>=96<span style=3D"font-size: 1em;"> 1 byte</span><=
/font></pre><pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-famil=
y: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0p=
x; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"font-=
size: 1em;"> Subscriber ID/VRF ID </span>=96<span style=3D"font-size: 1em;"=
> 4 bytes</span></font></pre><pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, =
0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri"><sp=
an style=3D"font-size: 1em;"><br></span></font></pre><pre class=3D"newpage"=
 style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "=
><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"font-size: 14px;">I</span></font><fo=
nt face=3D"Calibri" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, san=
s-serif; font-size: 14px; "><span style=3D"font-size: 1em;"> would help a l=
ot to add the binary logging calculation in addition to the ascii format to=
 help people choose the right method for them.</span></font></pre><pre clas=
s=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-seri=
f; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before:=
 always; "><font face=3D"Calibri"><span style=3D"font-size: 1em;">Going by =
the same formula you need 1.36 TB/day with binary logging. Assuming that th=
e compression ratio is the same </span></font></pre><pre class=3D"newpage" =
style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: =
14px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; ">For=
 both ascii and binary data, you have 1/4-1/5th of advantage with binary lo=
gging.</pre><pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-famil=
y: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0p=
x; page-break-before: always; ">You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,00=
0,000 subscribers assuming cost of 1TB is US$80,&nbsp;</pre><pre class=3D"n=
ewpage" style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: al=
ways; "><font face=3D"Calibri,sans-serif"><span style=3D"font-size: 14px;">=
we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or 0.024 cents/subscriber/month. Ev=
en with ASCII logging requirements this doesn=92t sound like a mammoth cost=
.</span></font></pre><pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margi=
n-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri,sans-seri=
f"><span style=3D"font-size: 14px;">Sure, there are other operating expense=
s involved but comparing that with the efficiency of a dynamic port allocat=
ion mechanism and requiring 10 times less </span></font></pre><pre class=3D=
"newpage" style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: =
always; "><font face=3D"Calibri,sans-serif">public addresses seems to be a =
compelling winning argument than changing every CGN implementation to save =
for logging costs.</font></pre><pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri=
,sans-serif"><span style=3D"font-size: 14px;"><br></span></font></pre><pre =
class=3D"newpage" style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-=
before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri,sans-serif"><span style=3D"font-siz=
e: 14px;">Thanks</span></font></pre><pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"margin-=
top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break-before: always; "><font face=3D"Ca=
libri,sans-serif"><span style=3D"font-size: 14px;">Senthil</span></font></p=
re></pre>
<pre class=3D"newpage" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, =
sans-serif; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; page-break=
-before: always; "><font face=3D"Calibri">
</font>
</pre>
</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
<br>
</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
<br>
</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
<br>
</div>
<div style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-s=
ize: 14px; ">
<br>
</div>
<span id=3D"OLK_SRC_BODY_SECTION" style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family=
: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; ">
<div style=3D"font-size: 11pt; text-align: left; color: black; border-width=
: 1pt medium medium; border-style: solid none none; padding: 3pt 0in 0in; b=
order-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223); ">
<span style=3D"font-weight:bold">From: </span>kaname nishizuka &lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp">kaname@nttv6.jp</a>&gt;<br>
<span style=3D"font-weight:bold">Date: </span>Tuesday, April 2, 2013 4:37 A=
M<br>
<span style=3D"font-weight:bold">To: </span>&quot;<a href=3D"mailto:behave@=
ietf.org">behave@ietf.org</a>&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:behave@ietf.org">=
behave@ietf.org</a>&gt;<br>
<span style=3D"font-weight:bold">Cc: </span>Shin Miyakawa &lt;<a href=3D"ma=
ilto:miyakawa@nttv6.jp">miyakawa@nttv6.jp</a>&gt;<br>
<span style=3D"font-weight:bold">Subject: </span>[BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version =
Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt<br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>
<div text=3D"#000000" bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF">
<pre wrap=3D"">Dear all,

I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our verification.
The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are avail=
able on the document.
Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.

By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to &quot;draft-=
ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10&quot; which will be the newest RFC very soo=
n.

The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for Informationa=
l.
The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it in the=
 next revision.

The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in English.
I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.

Best regards,

kaname

</pre>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote cite=3D"mid:515A8B2E.9060706@nttv6.jp" type=3D"cite">
<div class=3D"moz-forward-container">-------- Original Message --------
<table class=3D"moz-email-headers-table" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cel=
lspacing=3D"0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th nowrap=3D"nowrap" valign=3D"BASELINE" align=3D"RIGHT">Subject: </th>
<td>New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerati=
ons-00.txt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th nowrap=3D"nowrap" valign=3D"BASELINE" align=3D"RIGHT">Date: </th>
<td>Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th nowrap=3D"nowrap" valign=3D"BASELINE" align=3D"RIGHT">From: </th>
<td><a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" class=3D"moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href=3D"=
mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org">internet-drafts@ietf.org</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th nowrap=3D"nowrap" valign=3D"BASELINE" align=3D"RIGHT">To: </th>
<td><a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" class=3D"moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href=3D"=
mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp">kaname@nttv6.jp</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<br>
<br>
<pre>A new version of I-D, draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00=
.txt
has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
Revision:	 00
Title:		 Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment Considerations.
Creation date:	 2013-03-29
Group:		 Individual Submission
Number of pages: 16
URL:             <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext=
" href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deploymen=
t-considerations-00.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuk=
a-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt</a>
Status:          <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext=
" href=3D"http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-co=
nsiderations">http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deploymen=
t-considerations</a>
Htmlized:        <a moz-do-not-send=3D"true" class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext=
" href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-conside=
rations-00">http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-consi=
derations-00</a>


Abstract:
   This document provides deployment considerations for Carrier-Grade-
   NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the investigation
   of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
   conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
   experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
   emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.

                                                                           =
      =20


The IETF Secretariat

</pre>
<br>
</div>
<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
<br>
<pre class=3D"moz-signature" cols=3D"72">--=20
----=20
Kaname Nishizuka
Innovative Architecture Center
NTT Communications Corporation
&#43;81-50-3812-4704</pre>
</div>
</div>
</span>
</body>
</html>

--_000_CB1B483277FEC94E9B58357040EE5D0232430EAExmbrcdx15ciscoc_--

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Le 2013-04-02 18:07, Dan Wing a écrit :
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#section-5.3.2
> would benefit from some discussion of the privacy impact of an ISP
> storing destination information, and should also describe memory impact
> (in the CGN) if the subscriber uses the same source port to visit many
> different destinations (if CGN does not store the list of destinations,
> CGN will generate a log for every packet sent to a new destination).
>   Applications such as bittorrent can consume a lot of memory in a CGN
> that is configured for destination logging.

Another issue with this section is that it ignores bulk port allocation. 
It says:

"It is confirmed by the verification that by logging destination 
address, only 4% of amount of log is increased in ASCII format."

The percentage would be much higher with bulk port allocation.

Simon

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Le 2013-04-03 00:03, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) a écrit :
> [Senthil] Going by the same standards of using the entire available
> port range, you should require 15259 addresses. But the point is the
> cost of static allocation to dynamic allocation is 10:1, which is
> huge and given the fact there is only so little address space that is
> available, it should be used efficiently. Just by looking at that
> calculation, it seems amply clear that dynamic is preferred over
> static, as you have noted.

My reaction was different. I was thinking "only 10:1, this is pretty
good for static."

> You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,000,000 subscribers assuming
> cost of 1TB is US$80, we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or
> 0.024 cents/subscriber/month. Even with ASCII logging requirements
> this doesn’t sound like a mammoth cost. Sure, there are other
> operating expenses involved

The raw cost of storage is probably insignificant compared to those 
"other operating expenses"...

Simon

From ssenthil@cisco.com  Wed Apr  3 06:19:39 2013
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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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On 4/3/13 4:52 AM, "Simon Perreault" <simon.perreault@viagenie.ca> wrote:

>Le 2013-04-03 00:03, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) a =E9crit :
>> [Senthil] Going by the same standards of using the entire available
>> port range, you should require 15259 addresses. But the point is the
>> cost of static allocation to dynamic allocation is 10:1, which is
>> huge and given the fact there is only so little address space that is
>> available, it should be used efficiently. Just by looking at that
>> calculation, it seems amply clear that dynamic is preferred over
>> static, as you have noted.
>
>My reaction was different. I was thinking "only 10:1, this is pretty
>good for static."

Why so? With the same 15259 addresses that I have, I could add 10 times
more subscribers,
I can add up to 10Million subscribers as per this example, that is 10
times more=20
revenue. That was also the revenue lost, why is it good for business?
>
>> You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,000,000 subscribers assuming
>> cost of 1TB is US$80, we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or
>> 0.024 cents/subscriber/month. Even with ASCII logging requirements
>> this doesn=B9t sound like a mammoth cost. Sure, there are other
>> operating expenses involved
>
>The raw cost of storage is probably insignificant compared to those
>"other operating expenses"...

Can you put a dollar value to the significant other operating expenses?
Does it offset the 10x revenue generated by doing dynamic
port allocation and logging ? I think the key would be what the business
proposition is at the end of the day.

Senthil

>
>Simon
>_______________________________________________
>Behave mailing list
>Behave@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


From simon.perreault@viagenie.ca  Wed Apr  3 06:58:15 2013
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Le 2013-04-03 15:19, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) a écrit :
>> My reaction was different. I was thinking "only 10:1, this is pretty
>> good for static."
>
> Why so? With the same 15259 addresses that I have, I could add 10 times
> more subscribers,
> I can add up to 10Million subscribers as per this example, that is 10
> times more
> revenue. That was also the revenue lost, why is it good for business?

You're assuming that the limiting factor is addresses. You're assuming 
that even with dynamic allocation, the ISP is going to "fill" all its 
available public space. That's not what the text says. All the text says 
is that dynamic allows ~10 times more users behind each address than 
static. Nowhere does it say that static isn't "good enough".

>>> You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,000,000 subscribers assuming
>>> cost of 1TB is US$80, we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or
>>> 0.024 cents/subscriber/month. Even with ASCII logging requirements
>>> this doesnąt sound like a mammoth cost. Sure, there are other
>>> operating expenses involved
>>
>> The raw cost of storage is probably insignificant compared to those
>> "other operating expenses"...
>
> Can you put a dollar value to the significant other operating expenses?
> Does it offset the 10x revenue generated by doing dynamic
> port allocation and logging ? I think the key would be what the business
> proposition is at the end of the day.

It would vary per organization. An organization that is already well 
equipped in logging infrastructure and procedures would have a much 
lower cost deploying additional logging for CGN. But an organization 
that doesn't have this infrastructure would quickly say "no way!" and 
would look hard for alternatives. But all this is over-generalization, 
of course.

Simon

From ssenthil@cisco.com  Wed Apr  3 11:57:11 2013
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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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On 4/3/13 9:59 AM, "Simon Perreault" <simon.perreault@viagenie.ca> wrote:

>Le 2013-04-03 15:19, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) a =E9crit :
>>> My reaction was different. I was thinking "only 10:1, this is pretty
>>> good for static."
>>
>> Why so? With the same 15259 addresses that I have, I could add 10 times
>> more subscribers,
>> I can add up to 10Million subscribers as per this example, that is 10
>> times more
>> revenue. That was also the revenue lost, why is it good for business?
>
>You're assuming that the limiting factor is addresses. You're assuming
>that even with dynamic allocation, the ISP is going to "fill" all its
>available public space. That's not what the text says. All the text says
>is that dynamic allows ~10 times more users behind each address than
>static. Nowhere does it say that static isn't "good enough".

If it is not the address, what is the limiting factor? The reason ISP is
deploying CGN is the shortage of addresses and cant provide a single
address to each
of his subscribers. Maybe you meant to say the address is not the only
limiting factor.
I never said the text was saying static isnt good enough :-), I deduced
from the study that
the usage of ports is far more compellingly efficient with dynamic port
allocation and the cost
of logging infra can be justified.

Most of the studies in the past projected how bad the logging problem is
but didn=92t have
any data on the other side of the equation on how inefficient the static
port allocation is.
I wouldn=92t want this draft to say one is better than the other, but let
the operators choose, if 10:1
static to dynamic port allocation is justified for their deployment.

Senthil

>
>>>> You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,000,000 subscribers assuming
>>>> cost of 1TB is US$80, we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or
>>>> 0.024 cents/subscriber/month. Even with ASCII logging requirements
>>>> this doesn=B9t sound like a mammoth cost. Sure, there are other
>>>> operating expenses involved
>>>
>>> The raw cost of storage is probably insignificant compared to those
>>> "other operating expenses"...
>>
>> Can you put a dollar value to the significant other operating expenses?
>> Does it offset the 10x revenue generated by doing dynamic
>> port allocation and logging ? I think the key would be what the business
>> proposition is at the end of the day.
>
>It would vary per organization. An organization that is already well
>equipped in logging infrastructure and procedures would have a much
>lower cost deploying additional logging for CGN. But an organization
>that doesn't have this infrastructure would quickly say "no way!" and
>would look hard for alternatives. But all this is over-generalization,
>of course.
>
>Simon
>_______________________________________________
>Behave mailing list
>Behave@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


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To: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>, "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
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Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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On 4/3/13 2:57 PM, "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
wrote:

>
>
>On 4/3/13 9:59 AM, "Simon Perreault" <simon.perreault@viagenie.ca> wrote:
>
>>Le 2013-04-03 15:19, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) a =E9crit :
>>>> My reaction was different. I was thinking "only 10:1, this is pretty
>>>> good for static."
>>>
>>> Why so? With the same 15259 addresses that I have, I could add 10 times
>>> more subscribers,
>>> I can add up to 10Million subscribers as per this example, that is 10
>>> times more
>>> revenue. That was also the revenue lost, why is it good for business?
>>
>>You're assuming that the limiting factor is addresses. You're assuming
>>that even with dynamic allocation, the ISP is going to "fill" all its
>>available public space. That's not what the text says. All the text says
>>is that dynamic allows ~10 times more users behind each address than
>>static. Nowhere does it say that static isn't "good enough".

I have not been following this thread closely, but it keeps popping up.
It doesn't say it's not good enough, but it spends two paragraphs
describing why it is inferior.
And says, "In the aspect of the efficiency, the dynamic assignment is
preferable
   than the static assignment.  However the size of the log is the main
   consideration."

I agree that there's an important consideration in whether more efficiency
is "compression ratio" is needed.  If static port allocation allows an ISP
to take the addresses they would normally consume in one month and make
them last for five years (60:1 compression), then just a month or a couple
of months' worth of addresses lasts through the transition.

By the way, improving your CGN does not increase revenue.

>
>If it is not the address, what is the limiting factor? The reason ISP is
>deploying CGN is the shortage of addresses and cant provide a single
>address to each
>of his subscribers. Maybe you meant to say the address is not the only
>limiting factor.
>I never said the text was saying static isnt good enough :-), I deduced
>from the study that
>the usage of ports is far more compellingly efficient with dynamic port
>allocation and the cost
>of logging infra can be justified.

Maybe it should say, "IF the cost of logging can be justified."  Even 30%
of 6.2TB per day is a lot of data, and depending on your data retention
requirements, might require a significant system to retrieve records
efficiently.


>
>Most of the studies in the past projected how bad the logging problem is
>but didn=92t have
>any data on the other side of the equation on how inefficient the static
>port allocation is.
>I wouldn=92t want this draft to say one is better than the other, but let
>the operators choose, if 10:1
>static to dynamic port allocation is justified for their deployment.

It could be clearer in the draft.

Lee


>
>Senthil
>
>>
>>>>> You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,000,000 subscribers assuming
>>>>> cost of 1TB is US$80, we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or
>>>>> 0.024 cents/subscriber/month. Even with ASCII logging requirements
>>>>> this doesn=B9t sound like a mammoth cost. Sure, there are other
>>>>> operating expenses involved
>>>>
>>>> The raw cost of storage is probably insignificant compared to those
>>>> "other operating expenses"...
>>>
>>> Can you put a dollar value to the significant other operating expenses?
>>> Does it offset the 10x revenue generated by doing dynamic
>>> port allocation and logging ? I think the key would be what the
>>>business
>>> proposition is at the end of the day.
>>
>>It would vary per organization. An organization that is already well
>>equipped in logging infrastructure and procedures would have a much
>>lower cost deploying additional logging for CGN. But an organization
>>that doesn't have this infrastructure would quickly say "no way!" and
>>would look hard for alternatives. But all this is over-generalization,
>>of course.
>>
>>Simon
>>_______________________________________________
>>Behave mailing list
>>Behave@ietf.org
>>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>
>_______________________________________________
>Behave mailing list
>Behave@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


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From kaname@nttv6.jp  Wed Apr  3 18:57:45 2013
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Cc: Shin Miyakawa <miyakawa@nttv6.jp>, behave@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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Thanks for your comment.

> I like the description of DNS location at http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#section-6.3, as this is an important mechanism to reduce the transactional load on the CGN.  Have you analyzed the number of subscribers that over-ride the ISP-provided DNS servers to use other DNS servers (e.g., Google, OpenDNS), as that DNS query traffic will traverse the CGN.
Unfortunately, we have not yet investigated the proportion of the 
subscribers who are using provided DNS versus who are using public DNS.
Before investigating it, the test we managed to do was that all DNS 
traffic traverse the CGN as the most severe case.
The proportion could be different in providers,  but the impact of the 
DNS query traffic is relatively small if DNS timeout is adjusted.

> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#section-5.3.2 would benefit from some discussion of the privacy impact of an ISP storing destination information, and should also describe memory impact (in the CGN) if the subscriber uses the same source port to visit many different destinations (if CGN does not store the list of destinations, CGN will generate a log for every packet sent to a new destination).  Applications such as bittorrent can consume a lot of memory in a CGN that is configured for destination logging.
>
We also should care for port-overlapping behavior.

kaname

(2013/04/03 1:07), Dan Wing wrote:
> On Apr 2, 2013, at 1:37 AM, kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp> wrote:
>
>> Dear all,
>>
>> I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
>> We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
>> Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our verification.
>> The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are available on the document.
>> Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.
> Thanks for publishing this document.
> I like the description of DNS location at http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#section-6.3, as this is an important mechanism to reduce the transactional load on the CGN.  Have you analyzed the number of subscribers that over-ride the ISP-provided DNS servers to use other DNS servers (e.g., Google, OpenDNS), as that DNS query traffic will traverse the CGN.
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#section-5.3.2 would benefit from some discussion of the privacy impact of an ISP storing destination information, and should also describe memory impact (in the CGN) if the subscriber uses the same source port to visit many different destinations (if CGN does not store the list of destinations, CGN will generate a log for every packet sent to a new destination).  Applications such as bittorrent can consume a lot of memory in a CGN that is configured for destination logging.
>
> -d
>
>
>> By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to "draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC very soon.
>>
>> The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for Informational.
>> The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it in the next revision.
>>
>> The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in English.
>> I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.
>>
>> Best regards,
>>
>> kaname
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>> -------- Original Message --------
>>> Subject:	New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>>> Date:	Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700
>>> From:	internet-drafts@ietf.org
>>> To:	kaname@nttv6.jp
>>>
>>> A new version of I-D, draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>>> has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
>>> IETF repository.
>>>
>>> Filename:	 draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
>>> Revision:	 00
>>> Title:		 Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment Considerations.
>>> Creation date:	 2013-03-29
>>> Group:		 Individual Submission
>>> Number of pages: 16
>>> URL:             http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>>> Status:          http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
>>> Htmlized:        http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00
>>>
>>>
>>> Abstract:
>>>     This document provides deployment considerations for Carrier-Grade-
>>>     NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the investigation
>>>     of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
>>>     conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
>>>     experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
>>>     emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.
>>>
>>>                                                                                    
>>>
>>>
>>> The IETF Secretariat
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>> -- 
>> ----
>> Kaname Nishizuka
>> Innovative Architecture Center
>> NTT Communications Corporation
>> +81-50-3812-4704
>> _______________________________________________
>> Behave mailing list
>> Behave@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>


-- 
----
Kaname Nishizuka
Innovative Architecture Center
NTT Communications Corporation
+81-50-3812-4704


From dwing@cisco.com  Wed Apr  3 19:21:23 2013
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From: Dan Wing <dwing@cisco.com>
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To: kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
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On Apr 3, 2013, at 6:57 PM, kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp> wrote:

> Thanks for your comment.
>=20
>> I like the description of DNS location at =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0#section-6.3, as this is an important mechanism to reduce the =
transactional load on the CGN.  Have you analyzed the number of =
subscribers that over-ride the ISP-provided DNS servers to use other DNS =
servers (e.g., Google, OpenDNS), as that DNS query traffic will traverse =
the CGN.
> Unfortunately, we have not yet investigated the proportion of the =
subscribers who are using provided DNS versus who are using public DNS.
> Before investigating it, the test we managed to do was that all DNS =
traffic traverse the CGN as the most severe case.
> The proportion could be different in providers,  but the impact of the =
DNS query traffic is relatively small if DNS timeout is adjusted.

Yeah, and most of the DNS traffic is UDP (until we have larger records) =
so even if the UDP timers were pretty long I bet the user port limit =
wouldn't be exhausted.

>> =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0#section-5.3.2 would benefit from some discussion of the privacy impact =
of an ISP storing destination information, and should also describe =
memory impact (in the CGN) if the subscriber uses the same source port =
to visit many different destinations (if CGN does not store the list of =
destinations, CGN will generate a log for every packet sent to a new =
destination).  Applications such as bittorrent can consume a lot of =
memory in a CGN that is configured for destination logging.
>>=20
> We also should care for port-overlapping behavior.

Yes, I believe it's the same thing using a different term.

-d

> kaname
>=20
> (2013/04/03 1:07), Dan Wing wrote:
>> On Apr 2, 2013, at 1:37 AM, kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp> wrote:
>>=20
>>> Dear all,
>>>=20
>>> I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
>>> We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
>>> Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our =
verification.
>>> The useful information about the average consumption of the ports =
are available on the document.
>>> Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.
>> Thanks for publishing this document.
>> I like the description of DNS location at =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0#section-6.3, as this is an important mechanism to reduce the =
transactional load on the CGN.  Have you analyzed the number of =
subscribers that over-ride the ISP-provided DNS servers to use other DNS =
servers (e.g., Google, OpenDNS), as that DNS query traffic will traverse =
the CGN.
>> =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0#section-5.3.2 would benefit from some discussion of the privacy impact =
of an ISP storing destination information, and should also describe =
memory impact (in the CGN) if the subscriber uses the same source port =
to visit many different destinations (if CGN does not store the list of =
destinations, CGN will generate a log for every packet sent to a new =
destination).  Applications such as bittorrent can consume a lot of =
memory in a CGN that is configured for destination logging.
>>=20
>> -d
>>=20
>>=20
>>> By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to =
"draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC =
very soon.
>>>=20
>>> The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for =
Informational.
>>> The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it =
in the next revision.
>>>=20
>>> The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in =
English.
>>> I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.
>>>=20
>>> Best regards,
>>>=20
>>> kaname
>>>=20
>>>=20
>>>=20
>>>=20
>>>> -------- Original Message --------
>>>> Subject:	New Version Notification for =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>>>> Date:	Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700
>>>> From:	internet-drafts@ietf.org
>>>> To:	kaname@nttv6.jp
>>>>=20
>>>> A new version of I-D, =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>>>> has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to =
the
>>>> IETF repository.
>>>>=20
>>>> Filename:	 draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
>>>> Revision:	 00
>>>> Title:		 Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment =
Considerations.
>>>> Creation date:	 2013-03-29
>>>> Group:		 Individual Submission
>>>> Number of pages: 16
>>>> URL:             =
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-conside=
rations-00.txt
>>>> Status:          =
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerati=
ons
>>>> Htmlized:        =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0
>>>>=20
>>>>=20
>>>> Abstract:
>>>>    This document provides deployment considerations for =
Carrier-Grade-
>>>>    NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the =
investigation
>>>>    of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
>>>>    conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
>>>>    experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
>>>>    emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.
>>>>=20
>>>>                                                                     =
             =20
>>>>=20
>>>> The IETF Secretariat
>>>>=20
>>>>=20
>>>>=20
>>>=20
>>> --=20
>>> ----
>>> Kaname Nishizuka
>>> Innovative Architecture Center
>>> NTT Communications Corporation
>>> +81-50-3812-4704
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Behave mailing list
>>> Behave@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>>=20
>=20
>=20
> --=20
> ----
> Kaname Nishizuka
> Innovative Architecture Center
> NTT Communications Corporation
> +81-50-3812-4704
>=20


From kaname@nttv6.jp  Wed Apr  3 19:39:13 2013
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Thank you for your comments,

> [Senthil] Most of the NATs use the entire port space from 1024-65536, did you find differently?
>
> If you had used the entire port space, you would only require 1526 addresses instead of 3051.
>
> I think not using the 1024-32768 is not practical and inefficient.
What you pointed out is reasonable enough, but our concern is that there 
are de-facto well-known port in 1024-32768 like 1433/tcp.
Especially in the static assignment, the subscriber who has a "dirty" 
range would be attacked more frequently than others.
We know that most of the NATs use the  entire port space from 
1024-65536, but we described it in the most safe side.
As you mentioned, the ratio of dynamic:static is the same.


> [Senthil] I think it should be mentioned that with binary format for the above logging information, you need 26 bytes.
>
> Transport Protocol -  1 byte
>
>   Source IP address:port – 6 bytes
>   Source IP address:port after translation – 6 bytes
>   Timestamp – 8 bytes
>
>   Add/Delete – 1 byte
>
>   Subscriber ID/VRF ID – 4 bytes
>
I agree with that. It's useful and it supports the logic.

Thanks,
kaname

(2013/04/03 7:03), Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) wrote:
> Hi Kaname,
> It is a pretty interesting study. I have a few comments on the sections on your IP address requirements calculations.In the dynamic assignment, the ports of pool address are allocated
>
>
>
>
>
> "   # of pool address (P) = # of Subscriber (S) * a * N / (65536 - R)
>
>     Here, (R) is reserved TCP/UDP port list referred in
>     [I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#ref-I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn>].  CGN should eliminate the
>     wellknown ports (0-1023 for TCP and UDP) to avoid the bad
>     interpretation from destination servers.  It is natural to translate
>     source port of outgoing packet to ephemeral ports.  The ports after
>     32768 is considered to be used without any problems because ephemeral
>     ports are 32768-61000 for Linux and 49152-65535 in the IANA
>     recommendations.  As the result, 3,051 pool addresses are sufficient
>     for 1,000,000 subscribers.  The feasibility of configuration was
>     confirmed in the verification."
>
> [Senthil] Most of the NATs use the entire port space from 1024-65536, did you find differently?
>
> If you had used the entire port space, you would only require 1526 addresses instead of 3051.
>
> I think not using the 1024-32768 is not practical and inefficient.
>
>
>
>     On the other hand, in static assignment, the ports are allocated a
>     priori for every users.  The pool addresses and ports are reserved to
>     every users, so most of them could be a dead stock because there are
>     light users and heavy users in aspect of port consumption.  The max
>     number of port consumption in all subscribers is the key value for
>     static assignment.  The true peak number of the session by a heavy
>     user could be over 10,000 sessions.  However it is assumed that such
>     a severe consumption of ports to be an abuse, so the number of
>     statically assigned port (M) is controllable parameter by each
>     providers.  In the static assignment, the required number of the pool
>     address is as follows:
>
>     # of pool address (P) = # of Subscriber (S) * M / (65536 - R)
>
>     Taking account into the investigation of number of sessions of
>     applications, the desirable value of (M) is over 1,000.  As the
>     result, no less than 30,517 pool addresses are needed for 1,000,000
>     subscribers.  The compression ratio is one tenth of the case of
>     dynamic assignment."
>
>
> [Senthil] Going by the same standards of using the entire available port range, you should require 15259 addresses.
> But the point is the cost of static allocation to dynamic allocation is 10:1, which is huge and given the fact there is only so little
> address space that is available, it should be used efficiently. Just by looking at that calculation, it seems amply clear that dynamic is preferred over static,
> as you have noted.
> That leads us to the next topic on logging.
>
>
>
>    " In addition, the indicator of the allocation and deallocation are
>     needed because it assures that the identified subscriber certainly
>     had been using the translated IP address and port.  Plus, including
>     the index of the CGN host, the average size of NAT log is about 120
>     byte in ASCII format.  Every active subscriber generate 400 sessions
>     in average for a certain amount of time.  It is assumed that the
>     event happens every 5 minute in the most severe condition.  The size
>     of the log (L) for time frame (T) can be estimated as follows:
>
>     The size of log (L) = # of Subscriber (S) * a * N * 120byte * 2 * (
>     Time frame(T) / 5 min. )
>
>
>
>     It should be noted that the log is generated at the timing of NAT
>     table creation and freeing.  As the result, for 1,000,000 users, the
>     size of log is piled up to 6.4 terabytes per day.  The verification
>     result confirm the existing estimation referred in
>     [I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#ref-I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn>]."
>
> [Senthil] I think it should be mentioned that with binary format for the above logging information, you need 26 bytes.
>
> Transport Protocol -  1 byte
>
>   Source IP address:port – 6 bytes
>   Source IP address:port after translation – 6 bytes
>   Timestamp – 8 bytes
>
>   Add/Delete – 1 byte
>
>   Subscriber ID/VRF ID – 4 bytes
>
>
> I would help a lot to add the binary logging calculation in addition to the ascii format to help people choose the right method for them.
>
> Going by the same formula you need 1.36 TB/day with binary logging. Assuming that the compression ratio is the same
>
> For both ascii and binary data, you have 1/4-1/5th of advantage with binary logging.
>
> You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,000,000 subscribers assuming cost of 1TB is US$80,
>
> we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or 0.024 cents/subscriber/month. Even with ASCII logging requirements this doesn’t sound like a mammoth cost.
>
> Sure, there are other operating expenses involved but comparing that with the efficiency of a dynamic port allocation mechanism and requiring 10 times less
>
> public addresses seems to be a compelling winning argument than changing every CGN implementation to save for logging costs.
>
>
> Thanks
>
> Senthil
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> From: kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp<mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp>>
> Date: Tuesday, April 2, 2013 4:37 AM
> To: "behave@ietf.org<mailto:behave@ietf.org>" <behave@ietf.org<mailto:behave@ietf.org>>
> Cc: Shin Miyakawa <miyakawa@nttv6.jp<mailto:miyakawa@nttv6.jp>>
> Subject: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>
>
> Dear all,
>
> I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
> We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
> Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our verification.
> The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are available on the document.
> Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.
>
> By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to "draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC very soon.
>
> The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for Informational.
> The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it in the next revision.
>
> The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in English.
> I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.
>
> Best regards,
>
> kaname
>
>
>
>
>
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject:        New Version Notification for draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
> Date:   Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700
> From:   internet-drafts@ietf.org<mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org>
> To:     kaname@nttv6.jp<mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp>
>
>
>
> A new version of I-D, draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
> has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
> IETF repository.
>
> Filename:        draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
> Revision:        00
> Title:           Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment Considerations.
> Creation date:   2013-03-29
> Group:           Individual Submission
> Number of pages: 16
> URL:             http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
> Status:          http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
> Htmlized:        http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00
>
>
> Abstract:
>     This document provides deployment considerations for Carrier-Grade-
>     NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the investigation
>     of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
>     conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
>     experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
>     emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.
>
>
>
>
> The IETF Secretariat
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> --
> ----
> Kaname Nishizuka
> Innovative Architecture Center
> NTT Communications Corporation
> +81-50-3812-4704
>


-- 
----
Kaname Nishizuka
Innovative Architecture Center
NTT Communications Corporation
+81-50-3812-4704


From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Thu Apr  4 00:39:25 2013
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Subject: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-nat64-discovery-heuristic-17.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoida=
nce Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Discovery of the IPv6 Prefix Used for IPv6 Address Synth=
esis
	Author(s)       : Teemu Savolainen
                          Jouni Korhonen
                          Dan Wing
	Filename        : draft-ietf-behave-nat64-discovery-heuristic-17.txt
	Pages           : 20
	Date            : 2013-04-04

Abstract:
   This document describes a method for detecting the presence of DNS64
   and for learning the IPv6 prefix used for protocol translation on an
   access network.  The method depends on the existence of a well-known
   IPv4-only fully qualified domain name "ipv4only.arpa".  The
   information learned enables nodes to perform local IPv6 address
   synthesis and to potentially avoid NAT64 on dual-stack and multi-
   interface deployments.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-behave-nat64-discovery-heuristic

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-nat64-discovery-heuristic-17

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-behave-nat64-discovery-heuris=
tic-17


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


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Le 2013-04-03 20:57, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) a écrit :
> If it is not the address, what is the limiting factor? The reason ISP
> is deploying CGN is the shortage of addresses and cant provide a
> single address to each of his subscribers. Maybe you meant to say the
> address is not the only limiting factor. I never said the text was
> saying static isnt good enough :-), I deduced from the study that the
> usage of ports is far more compellingly efficient with dynamic port
> allocation and the cost of logging infra can be justified.

I'll try to illustrate my point with an example with numbers.

An ISP is running out of addresses. It considers two options: static CGN 
vs dynamic CGN. Static allows, let's say, 32 users per public IPv4 
address. Given the 1:10 figure from the draft, it follows that dynamic 
allows 320 users per public IPv4 address.

If 32 is "enough", why suffer the trouble of logging (among others) just 
to get to 320? If 32 and 320 are both "enough", then considerations 
other than efficient use of public IPv4 addresses must take priority.

"Enough" could mean something like "enough to support projected growth 
for X years".

> Most of the studies in the past projected how bad the logging problem
> is but didn’t have any data on the other side of the equation on how
> inefficient the static port allocation is. I wouldn’t want this draft
> to say one is better than the other, but let the operators choose, if
> 10:1 static to dynamic port allocation is justified for their
> deployment.

The 10:1 figure is useful. However, the conclusion "therefore dynamic is 
better" is premature. There are tons of other criteria to consider. Even 
worse, it is very possible that the 10:1 figure does not even matter: if 
static is "good enough", you may not care that dynamic is 10 times better.

Simon
-- 
DTN made easy, lean, and smart --> http://postellation.viagenie.ca
NAT64/DNS64 open-source        --> http://ecdysis.viagenie.ca
STUN/TURN server               --> http://numb.viagenie.ca

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On Apr 3, 2013, at 7:39 PM, kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp> wrote:

> Thank you for your comments,
>=20
>> [Senthil] Most of the NATs use the entire port space from 1024-65536, =
did you find differently?
>>=20
>> If you had used the entire port space, you would only require 1526 =
addresses instead of 3051.
>>=20
>> I think not using the 1024-32768 is not practical and inefficient.
> What you pointed out is reasonable enough, but our concern is that =
there are de-facto well-known port in 1024-32768 like 1433/tcp.
> Especially in the static assignment, the subscriber who has a "dirty" =
range would be attacked more frequently than others.

No more so than every subscriber is being attacked on those ports today, =
when subscribers are getting the entire port range.

-d

> We know that most of the NATs use the  entire port space from =
1024-65536, but we described it in the most safe side.
> As you mentioned, the ratio of dynamic:static is the same.
>=20
>=20
>> [Senthil] I think it should be mentioned that with binary format for =
the above logging information, you need 26 bytes.
>>=20
>> Transport Protocol -  1 byte
>>=20
>> Source IP address:port =96 6 bytes
>> Source IP address:port after translation =96 6 bytes
>> Timestamp =96 8 bytes
>>=20
>> Add/Delete =96 1 byte
>>=20
>> Subscriber ID/VRF ID =96 4 bytes
>>=20
> I agree with that. It's useful and it supports the logic.
>=20
> Thanks,
> kaname
>=20
> (2013/04/03 7:03), Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) wrote:
>> Hi Kaname,
>> It is a pretty interesting study. I have a few comments on the =
sections on your IP address requirements calculations.In the dynamic =
assignment, the ports of pool address are allocated
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> "   # of pool address (P) =3D # of Subscriber (S) * a * N / (65536 - =
R)
>>=20
>>   Here, (R) is reserved TCP/UDP port list referred in
>>   =
[I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nish=
izuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#ref-I-D.donley-behave-deterministic=
-cgn>].  CGN should eliminate the
>>   wellknown ports (0-1023 for TCP and UDP) to avoid the bad
>>   interpretation from destination servers.  It is natural to =
translate
>>   source port of outgoing packet to ephemeral ports.  The ports after
>>   32768 is considered to be used without any problems because =
ephemeral
>>   ports are 32768-61000 for Linux and 49152-65535 in the IANA
>>   recommendations.  As the result, 3,051 pool addresses are =
sufficient
>>   for 1,000,000 subscribers.  The feasibility of configuration was
>>   confirmed in the verification."
>>=20
>> [Senthil] Most of the NATs use the entire port space from 1024-65536, =
did you find differently?
>>=20
>> If you had used the entire port space, you would only require 1526 =
addresses instead of 3051.
>>=20
>> I think not using the 1024-32768 is not practical and inefficient.
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>   On the other hand, in static assignment, the ports are allocated a
>>   priori for every users.  The pool addresses and ports are reserved =
to
>>   every users, so most of them could be a dead stock because there =
are
>>   light users and heavy users in aspect of port consumption.  The max
>>   number of port consumption in all subscribers is the key value for
>>   static assignment.  The true peak number of the session by a heavy
>>   user could be over 10,000 sessions.  However it is assumed that =
such
>>   a severe consumption of ports to be an abuse, so the number of
>>   statically assigned port (M) is controllable parameter by each
>>   providers.  In the static assignment, the required number of the =
pool
>>   address is as follows:
>>=20
>>   # of pool address (P) =3D # of Subscriber (S) * M / (65536 - R)
>>=20
>>   Taking account into the investigation of number of sessions of
>>   applications, the desirable value of (M) is over 1,000.  As the
>>   result, no less than 30,517 pool addresses are needed for 1,000,000
>>   subscribers.  The compression ratio is one tenth of the case of
>>   dynamic assignment."
>>=20
>>=20
>> [Senthil] Going by the same standards of using the entire available =
port range, you should require 15259 addresses.
>> But the point is the cost of static allocation to dynamic allocation =
is 10:1, which is huge and given the fact there is only so little
>> address space that is available, it should be used efficiently. Just =
by looking at that calculation, it seems amply clear that dynamic is =
preferred over static,
>> as you have noted.
>> That leads us to the next topic on logging.
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>  " In addition, the indicator of the allocation and deallocation are
>>   needed because it assures that the identified subscriber certainly
>>   had been using the translated IP address and port.  Plus, including
>>   the index of the CGN host, the average size of NAT log is about 120
>>   byte in ASCII format.  Every active subscriber generate 400 =
sessions
>>   in average for a certain amount of time.  It is assumed that the
>>   event happens every 5 minute in the most severe condition.  The =
size
>>   of the log (L) for time frame (T) can be estimated as follows:
>>=20
>>   The size of log (L) =3D # of Subscriber (S) * a * N * 120byte * 2 * =
(
>>   Time frame(T) / 5 min. )
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>   It should be noted that the log is generated at the timing of NAT
>>   table creation and freeing.  As the result, for 1,000,000 users, =
the
>>   size of log is piled up to 6.4 terabytes per day.  The verification
>>   result confirm the existing estimation referred in
>>   =
[I-D.donley-behave-deterministic-cgn<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nish=
izuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00#ref-I-D.donley-behave-deterministic=
-cgn>]."
>>=20
>> [Senthil] I think it should be mentioned that with binary format for =
the above logging information, you need 26 bytes.
>>=20
>> Transport Protocol -  1 byte
>>=20
>> Source IP address:port =96 6 bytes
>> Source IP address:port after translation =96 6 bytes
>> Timestamp =96 8 bytes
>>=20
>> Add/Delete =96 1 byte
>>=20
>> Subscriber ID/VRF ID =96 4 bytes
>>=20
>>=20
>> I would help a lot to add the binary logging calculation in addition =
to the ascii format to help people choose the right method for them.
>>=20
>> Going by the same formula you need 1.36 TB/day with binary logging. =
Assuming that the compression ratio is the same
>>=20
>> For both ascii and binary data, you have 1/4-1/5th of advantage with =
binary logging.
>>=20
>> You spread the cost of 1.36TB across a 1,000,000 subscribers assuming =
cost of 1TB is US$80,
>>=20
>> we come to 0.00008 cents/subscriber/day or 0.024 =
cents/subscriber/month. Even with ASCII logging requirements this =
doesn=92t sound like a mammoth cost.
>>=20
>> Sure, there are other operating expenses involved but comparing that =
with the efficiency of a dynamic port allocation mechanism and requiring =
10 times less
>>=20
>> public addresses seems to be a compelling winning argument than =
changing every CGN implementation to save for logging costs.
>>=20
>>=20
>> Thanks
>>=20
>> Senthil
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> From: kaname nishizuka <kaname@nttv6.jp<mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp>>
>> Date: Tuesday, April 2, 2013 4:37 AM
>> To: "behave@ietf.org<mailto:behave@ietf.org>" =
<behave@ietf.org<mailto:behave@ietf.org>>
>> Cc: Shin Miyakawa <miyakawa@nttv6.jp<mailto:miyakawa@nttv6.jp>>
>> Subject: [BEHAVE] Fwd: New Version Notification for =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>>=20
>>=20
>> Dear all,
>>=20
>> I'm kaname from NTT communications in Japan.
>> We are testing CGN under the support of Japanese Government.
>> Now, we've uploaded a new draft based on the result of our =
verification.
>> The useful information about the average consumption of the ports are =
available on the document.
>> Please look through it, and all kind of feedback are welcome.
>>=20
>> By conducting realistic experiment, this draft is answering to =
"draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10" which will be the newest RFC =
very soon.
>>=20
>> The document is *NOT* intended to be Standards Track. It's for =
Informational.
>> The wrong description is just mere mistake, so we'll soon correct it =
in the next revision.
>>=20
>> The full report of our work will be available soon on the Web in =
English.
>> I'll also announce it when it's available to this mailing-list.
>>=20
>> Best regards,
>>=20
>> kaname
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> -------- Original Message --------
>> Subject:        New Version Notification for =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>> Date:   Thu, 28 Mar 2013 07:12:25 -0700
>> From:   internet-drafts@ietf.org<mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org>
>> To:     kaname@nttv6.jp<mailto:kaname@nttv6.jp>
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> A new version of I-D, =
draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-00.txt
>> has been successfully submitted by Kaname Nishizuka and posted to the
>> IETF repository.
>>=20
>> Filename:        draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations
>> Revision:        00
>> Title:           Carrier-Grade-NAT (CGN) Deployment Considerations.
>> Creation date:   2013-03-29
>> Group:           Individual Submission
>> Number of pages: 16
>> URL:             =
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-conside=
rations-00.txt
>> Status:          =
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerati=
ons
>> Htmlized:        =
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-nishizuka-cgn-deployment-considerations-0=
0
>>=20
>>=20
>> Abstract:
>>   This document provides deployment considerations for Carrier-Grade-
>>   NAT (CGN) based on the verification result include the =
investigation
>>   of the number of sessions of applications.  The verification was
>>   conducted in StarBED which is one of the largest scale network
>>   experiment environment in Japan.  A million of subscribers was
>>   emulated and it revealed the realistic behavior of CGN.
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> The IETF Secretariat
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>> --
>> ----
>> Kaname Nishizuka
>> Innovative Architecture Center
>> NTT Communications Corporation
>> +81-50-3812-4704
>>=20
>=20
>=20
> --=20
> ----
> Kaname Nishizuka
> Innovative Architecture Center
> NTT Communications Corporation
> +81-50-3812-4704
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


From tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com  Thu Apr 11 08:43:18 2013
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Date: Thu, 11 Apr 2013 11:43:16 -0400
From: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
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Subject: [BEHAVE] IETF86 minutes
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I looked over the IETF86 minutes in preparation for updating the Syslog 
draft and noted that a bit was missing from the discussion at the end of 
the logging topic. We agreed, I believe, that it might be practical to 
do per-session logging using Syslog in specific situations where the 
number of events per second was limited. As a result, per-session 
logging would also be added to the Syslog draft along with an 
applicability statement.

Tom Taylor

From tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com  Sat Apr 13 15:52:50 2013
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] logging drafts
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I propose the following:

(1) Record exactly the same events and parameters in SYSLOG as in IPFIX. 
I have arguments for why this is reasonable.

(2) Add a Deployment Considerations section that provides a context for 
the use of the fields that have been defined. As an example, it would 
cover what logging would include for different transition methods. As 
another example, it might explore different architectures in which log 
collection would happen. As a sub-case of the latter, some events in 
some situations happen at provisioning time and are reasonably collected 
or reported by AAA.

Comments?

Tom Taylor

On 13/03/2013 2:11 PM, Dan Wing wrote:
> The two NAT logging drafts were presented at the BEHAVE meeting at IETF86 (draft-sivakumar-behave-nat-logging-06 and draft-ietf-behave-syslog-nat-logging-00).  They are both WG documents and based on the feedback at the meeting, we would like to see:
>
>   * an update of the table presented at the meeting (slide 6 of http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/86/slides/slides-86-behave-2.pdf).
>   * text added to the SYSLOG and IPFIX documents explaining their applicability.
>   * discussion on the list to reach consensus that SYSLOG and IPFIX should, or should not, send different events because of their different applicability.
>
> -d
>
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
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>

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] logging drafts
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On Apr 13, 2013, at 3:52 PM, Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> =
wrote:

> I propose the following:
>=20
> (1) Record exactly the same events and parameters in SYSLOG as in =
IPFIX. I have arguments for why this is reasonable.
>=20
> (2) Add a Deployment Considerations section that provides a context =
for the use of the fields that have been defined. As an example, it =
would cover what logging would include for different transition methods. =
As another example, it might explore different architectures in which =
log collection would happen. As a sub-case of the latter, some events in =
some situations happen at provisioning time and are reasonably collected =
or reported by AAA.
>=20
> Comments?

Yes, that sounds like a good approach.

-d


> Tom Taylor
>=20
> On 13/03/2013 2:11 PM, Dan Wing wrote:
>> The two NAT logging drafts were presented at the BEHAVE meeting at =
IETF86 (draft-sivakumar-behave-nat-logging-06 and =
draft-ietf-behave-syslog-nat-logging-00).  They are both WG documents =
and based on the feedback at the meeting, we would like to see:
>>=20
>>  * an update of the table presented at the meeting (slide 6 of =
http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/86/slides/slides-86-behave-2.pdf).
>>  * text added to the SYSLOG and IPFIX documents explaining their =
applicability.
>>  * discussion on the list to reach consensus that SYSLOG and IPFIX =
should, or should not, send different events because of their different =
applicability.
>>=20
>> -d
>>=20
>> _______________________________________________
>> Behave mailing list
>> Behave@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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I note that explicit NAT44 and NAT64 events are defined in this draft, 
rather than general events where the address types are taken from the 
parameters. I can see that this provides a certain level of possibility 
for validation of the parameter types at the receiving end. Are there 
other advantages? The general event approach seems more natural to me.

Tom taylor

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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By the RFC 2663 definition, amplified by the discussion in Section 3 of 
RFC 6146, a NAT session as opposed to a binding involves a specific 
destination address and port. Why are these marked not mandatory in the 
session create and delete events (Tables 4 and 5)?

Tom Taylor

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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The parameter "NAT originating address realm"is provided for the various 
session and BIB creation and deletion events. Is that "originating" 
meant to be "internal", or to reflect instead whether the packet that 
triggered the event came from the internal or external realm?

Tom Taylor

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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Le 2013-04-18 15:36, Tom Taylor a écrit :
> The parameter "NAT originating address realm"is provided for the various
> session and BIB creation and deletion events. Is that "originating"
> meant to be "internal", or to reflect instead whether the packet that
> triggered the event came from the internal or external realm?

BIB entries can only be dynamically created from the internal side. 
Therefore that parameter should be renamed to "NAT internal realm".

Simon

From tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com  Thu Apr 18 07:17:17 2013
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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In the quota exceeded event, are the limits expected to apply to the sum 
over all protocols, or should protocol identifier also be a parameter of 
the template?

Is it right to say that one source address, IPv4 or IPv6, MUST be 
present in the event report?

Tom taylor

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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>, "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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With IPFIX the templates have to be exchanged and the IE will have a type
and length.
Not sure what do you mean by general event.

On 4/18/13 8:22 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:

>I note that explicit NAT44 and NAT64 events are defined in this draft,
>rather than general events where the address types are taken from the
>parameters. I can see that this provides a certain level of possibility
>for validation of the parameter types at the receiving end. Are there
>other advantages? The general event approach seems more natural to me.
>
>Tom taylor
>_______________________________________________
>Behave mailing list
>Behave@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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The address binding event description has a couple of editorial 
glitches: the sentence describing when the event happens is incomplete, 
and instead of MANDATORY or not, the translated IPv4 source address is 
"8". I assume that should be MANDATORY.

Address binding could also happen because the NAT has decided to 
allocate a new address, e.g., to effect port preservation.

Finally, as with the Quota Exhausted event, would it be right to say 
that one of IPv4 or IPv6 source address MUST be present?

Tom Taylor

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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>, "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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Session as it gets created in NAT will have a destination address and port.
That is not to say they MUST be logged. In fact, lsn-requirements says
desitnation information SHOULD NOT be logged for privacy reasons. That is
why  they are not mandatory.

On 4/18/13 8:47 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:

>By the RFC 2663 definition, amplified by the discussion in Section 3 of
>RFC 6146, a NAT session as opposed to a binding involves a specific
>destination address and port. Why are these marked not mandatory in the
>session create and delete events (Tables 4 and 5)?
>
>Tom Taylor
>_______________________________________________
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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>, "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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Once a BIB entry is created, the session can be created from the BIB
either from internal or external
realms. But that is based on the configured filtering policies. Maybe the
BIB creation shouldn=B9t have the
Originating address realm. I will ask for the WG input on that.

On 4/18/13 9:36 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:

>The parameter "NAT originating address realm"is provided for the various
>session and BIB creation and deletion events. Is that "originating"
>meant to be "internal", or to reflect instead whether the packet that
>triggered the event came from the internal or external realm?
>
>Tom Taylor
>_______________________________________________
>Behave mailing list
>Behave@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>, "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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On 4/18/13 10:17 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:

>In the quota exceeded event, are the limits expected to apply to the sum
>over all protocols, or should protocol identifier also be a parameter of
>the template?

That is a good question. I think there are limits per protocol and there
are overall
limits per nat instance. There can also be limits per host or per domain
(vrf).=20

>
>Is it right to say that one source address, IPv4 or IPv6, MUST be
>present in the event report?

Maybe not. If you have per host limits, then a host identifier makes sense.
But if collectively the limits were exceeded, then a host identifier wont
be there.

>
>Tom taylor
>_______________________________________________
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I mean a NAT session or BIB (create or delete) event where whether it is 
NAT44 or NAT64 is inferred from the type of the source address parameter.

On 18/04/2013 10:28 AM, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) wrote:
> With IPFIX the templates have to be exchanged and the IE will have a type
> and length.
> Not sure what do you mean by general event.
>
> On 4/18/13 8:22 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> I note that explicit NAT44 and NAT64 events are defined in this draft,
>> rather than general events where the address types are taken from the
>> parameters. I can see that this provides a certain level of possibility
>> for validation of the parameter types at the receiving end. Are there
>> other advantages? The general event approach seems more natural to me.
>>
>> Tom taylor
>> _______________________________________________
>> Behave mailing list
>> Behave@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>
>

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I was asking what the intention was for the parameter. Is it intended to 
reflect the triggering event, or is it intended to indicate which 
internal realm is involved?

On 18/04/2013 10:34 AM, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) wrote:
> Once a BIB entry is created, the session can be created from the BIB
> either from internal or external
> realms. But that is based on the configured filtering policies. Maybe the
> BIB creation shouldnąt have the
> Originating address realm. I will ask for the WG input on that.
>
> On 4/18/13 9:36 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> The parameter "NAT originating address realm"is provided for the various
>> session and BIB creation and deletion events. Is that "originating"
>> meant to be "internal", or to reflect instead whether the packet that
>> triggered the event came from the internal or external realm?
>>
>> Tom Taylor
>> _______________________________________________
>> Behave mailing list
>> Behave@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>
> .
>

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Date: Thu, 18 Apr 2013 11:54:13 -0400
From: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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OK, we should probably add an optional protocol identifier parameter, 
and should we add an optional VLANid/VRFid parameter with the 
requirement that one of that parameter or an IPv4 or IPv6 source address 
MUST be present?

On 18/04/2013 10:37 AM, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) wrote:
>
>
> On 4/18/13 10:17 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> In the quota exceeded event, are the limits expected to apply to the sum
>> over all protocols, or should protocol identifier also be a parameter of
>> the template?
>
> That is a good question. I think there are limits per protocol and there
> are overall
> limits per nat instance. There can also be limits per host or per domain
> (vrf).
>
>>
>> Is it right to say that one source address, IPv4 or IPv6, MUST be
>> present in the event report?
>
> Maybe not. If you have per host limits, then a host identifier makes sense.
> But if collectively the limits were exceeded, then a host identifier wont
> be there.
>
>>
>> Tom taylor
>> _______________________________________________
>> Behave mailing list
>> Behave@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>
>

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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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Makes sense.

On 4/18/13 11:54 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:

>OK, we should probably add an optional protocol identifier parameter,
>and should we add an optional VLANid/VRFid parameter with the
>requirement that one of that parameter or an IPv4 or IPv6 source address
>MUST be present?
>
>On 18/04/2013 10:37 AM, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) wrote:
>>
>>
>> On 4/18/13 10:17 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>>> In the quota exceeded event, are the limits expected to apply to the
>>>sum
>>> over all protocols, or should protocol identifier also be a parameter
>>>of
>>> the template?
>>
>> That is a good question. I think there are limits per protocol and there
>> are overall
>> limits per nat instance. There can also be limits per host or per domain
>> (vrf).
>>
>>>
>>> Is it right to say that one source address, IPv4 or IPv6, MUST be
>>> present in the event report?
>>
>> Maybe not. If you have per host limits, then a host identifier makes
>>sense.
>> But if collectively the limits were exceeded, then a host identifier
>>wont
>> be there.
>>
>>>
>>> Tom taylor
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Behave mailing list
>>> Behave@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>>
>>


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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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OK, let's nail this down. Was this was meant to be a two-valued field
(internal | external) or was it meant to be a realm number (0 - 255)?

On 18/04/2013 12:55 PM, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) wrote:
> Intended to indicate if the creation was from internal or external realm.
> 
> On 4/18/13 11:51 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:
> 
>> I was asking what the intention was for the parameter. Is it intended to
>> reflect the triggering event, or is it intended to indicate which
>> internal realm is involved?
>>
>> On 18/04/2013 10:34 AM, Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil) wrote:
>>> Once a BIB entry is created, the session can be created from the BIB
>>> either from internal or external
>>> realms. But that is based on the configured filtering policies. Maybe
>>> the
>>> BIB creation shouldn©öt have the
>>> Originating address realm. I will ask for the WG input on that.
>>>
>>> On 4/18/13 9:36 AM, "Tom Taylor" <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>> The parameter "NAT originating address realm"is provided for the
>>>> various
>>>> session and BIB creation and deletion events. Is that "originating"
>>>> meant to be "internal", or to reflect instead whether the packet that
>>>> triggered the event came from the internal or external realm?
>>>>
>>>> Tom Taylor
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> Behave mailing list
>>>> Behave@ietf.org
>>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>>>
>>> .
>>>
> 

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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] I-D Action: draft-ietf-behave-ipfix-nat-logging-00.txt
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Date: Fri, 19 Apr 2013 16:03:34 -0400
From: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
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Subject: [BEHAVE] NAT logging for DS-Lite
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I think we have to add a parameter to the session records for logging at 
the DS-Lite AFTR. Since the source IPv4 address may not be unique, the 
IPv6 tunnel address should also be logged.

Is there enough deployment of GW-initiated DS-Lite that we should be 
considering other types of tunnel identifier too?

Tom Taylor

From dwing@cisco.com  Mon Apr 22 12:10:35 2013
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT logging for DS-Lite
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On Apr 19, 2013, at 1:03 PM, Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> =
wrote:

> I think we have to add a parameter to the session records for logging =
at the DS-Lite AFTR. Since the source IPv4 address may not be unique, =
the IPv6 tunnel address should also be logged.

For DS-Lite, I don't see a need to log the inside IPv4 address at all.  =
The requirement is not to log which host within a subscriber's home =
caused a mapping, rather the requirement is to identify the subscriber.  =
The IPv6 address, or rather the first 64 bits of the IPv6 address, are =
plenty sufficient for that.  If all the subscribers using the DS-Lite =
have the same IPv6 prefix, the IPv6 prefix doesn't need to be logged =
(which would be pretty common with most DS-Lite deployments which are =
for an ISP's own subscribers, and not an Internet-facing service).

-d


>=20
> Is there enough deployment of GW-initiated DS-Lite that we should be =
considering other types of tunnel identifier too?
>=20
> Tom Taylor
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


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Subject: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave-turn-auth-00.txt
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From simon.perreault@viagenie.ca  Wed Apr 24 01:23:46 2013
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Date: Wed, 24 Apr 2013 10:23:43 +0200
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave-turn-auth-00.txt
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Le 2013-04-24 05:22, Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy) a écrit :
> This draft discusses some of the problems with current TURN authentication so that it can serve as the basis for stronger TURN authentication mechanisms.
>
> comments and suggestions are welcome.

And here are some...

- "TURN authentication" doesn't exist. It's "STUN authentication" that 
you're talking about. TURN just uses STUN auth.

- In section "4. Problems with TURN Authentication", what's the 
difference between problems 1 and 2?

- Problem 4 could also include the REALM attribute, which could be 
snooped and harvested similarly.

- About the above: wasn't this all well known and accepted at the time 
STUN auth was being designed?

- I have encountered another problem: it's impossible to host multiple 
realms on a single IP address. When the server needs to send the REALM 
attribute in response to an unauthenticated request, it has no useful 
information for determining which realm it should send, except the 
destination address of the request. This sucks, IPv4 addresses being not 
exactly free...

I'm very interested in hearing about any solution you may have in mind...

Simon

From tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com  Thu Apr 25 04:35:16 2013
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Date: Thu, 25 Apr 2013 07:35:15 -0400
From: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
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Subject: [BEHAVE] NAT Logging -- Port violation event for MAP-E or LW4over6 BR
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The MAP-E and LW4over6 border routers are responsible for checking that 
the ports assigned by the CE are within the set allocated to that CE. I 
think we need a NAT logging event to report detection of an out-of-range 
port.

Tom Taylor

From tireddy@cisco.com  Thu Apr 25 11:44:29 2013
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From: "Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy)" <tireddy@cisco.com>
To: Simon Perreault <simon.perreault@viagenie.ca>, "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave-turn-auth-00.txt
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Date: Thu, 25 Apr 2013 18:44:24 +0000
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for	draft-reddy-behave-turn-auth-00.txt
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Hi Sam,

Thanks for the comments; please see inline

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Simon Perreault [mailto:simon.perreault@viagenie.ca]
> Sent: Wednesday, April 24, 2013 1:54 PM
> To: behave@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave=
-
> turn-auth-00.txt
>=20
> Le 2013-04-24 05:22, Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy) a =E9crit :
> > This draft discusses some of the problems with current TURN authenticat=
ion
> so that it can serve as the basis for stronger TURN authentication mechan=
isms.
> >
> > comments and suggestions are welcome.
>=20
> And here are some...
>=20
> - "TURN authentication" doesn't exist. It's "STUN authentication" that
> you're talking about. TURN just uses STUN auth.

Yes, TURN uses the authentication mechanism specified in STUN. TURN authent=
ication is required because resources will be allocated on the TURN server,=
 whereas with STUN there are no resources allocated on the STUN server. The=
 STUN server is stateless and is only responding to the request from the cl=
ient. Though both techniques need authentication for integrity protection o=
f request and response. But there are STUN servers deployed without authent=
ication and if the endpoints use DTLS-SRTP then there may not be a problem =
even if man-in-middle device modifies the STUN response.=20

But TURN servers let's say deployed in DMZ need authentication.

>=20
> - In section "4. Problems with TURN Authentication", what's the
> difference between problems 1 and 2 ?

[TR] Problem 1 seem to be possible even if strong password is used. since p=
assword does not change frequently, the attacker could keep trying a number=
 of candidate passwords.
[/TR]

>=20
> - Problem 4 could also include the REALM attribute, which could be
> snooped and harvested similarly.

>=20
> - About the above: wasn't this all well known and accepted at the time
> STUN auth was being designed ?

May be the authors of STUN/TURN could answer this question, if these attack=
s were previously discussed or not in WG. If TURN over TLS is used it would=
 solve the problem; but it would impact sending media over TCP and could in=
troduce delays which are directly noticeable.

>=20
> - I have encountered another problem: it's impossible to host multiple
> realms on a single IP address. When the server needs to send the REALM
> attribute in response to an unauthenticated request, it has no useful
> information for determining which realm it should send, except the
> destination address of the request. This sucks, IPv4 addresses being not
> exactly free...

Good point. For web Authentication, destination IP address helps to pick di=
fferent REALM, but with TURN the only=20
information available is the Source IP.

>=20
> I'm very interested in hearing about any solution you may have in mind...

we are still discussing the solutions, some of them already being discussed=
 in PCP WG that needs to be evaluated for TURN are EAP-over-TURN, PANA etc.=
=20

--Tiru.

>=20
> Simon


From simon.perreault@viagenie.ca  Fri Apr 26 01:12:16 2013
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Le 2013-04-25 20:44, Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy) a écrit :
>> - "TURN authentication" doesn't exist. It's "STUN authentication"
>> that you're talking about. TURN just uses STUN auth.
>
> Yes, TURN uses the authentication mechanism specified in STUN. TURN
> authentication is required because resources will be allocated on the
> TURN server, whereas with STUN there are no resources allocated on
> the STUN server. The STUN server is stateless and is only responding
> to the request from the client. Though both techniques need
> authentication for integrity protection of request and response. But
> there are STUN servers deployed without authentication and if the
> endpoints use DTLS-SRTP then there may not be a problem even if
> man-in-middle device modifies the STUN response.
>
> But TURN servers let's say deployed in DMZ need authentication.

I understand all that, but that's not the point.

The point is that "TURN authentication" does not *exist*. All the 
problems you have identified apply to *STUN* authentication, which is 
defined in the *STUN* RFC.

The fact that the Allocate request is more likely than the Binding 
request to be identified by a server administrator as needing auth 
protection is completely irrelevant, except perhaps in the introduction, 
or an operational considerations section.

>> - In section "4. Problems with TURN Authentication", what's the
>> difference between problems 1 and 2 ?
>
> [TR] Problem 1 seem to be possible even if strong password is used.
> since password does not change frequently, the attacker could keep
> trying a number of candidate passwords. [/TR]

Doesn't that characteristic also apply to problem 2?

>> - About the above: wasn't this all well known and accepted at the
>> time STUN auth was being designed ?
>
> May be the authors of STUN/TURN could answer this question, if these
> attacks were previously discussed or not in WG. If TURN over TLS is
> used it would solve the problem; but it would impact sending media
> over TCP and could introduce delays which are directly noticeable.

DTLS?

>> - I have encountered another problem: it's impossible to host
>> multiple realms on a single IP address. When the server needs to
>> send the REALM attribute in response to an unauthenticated request,
>> it has no useful information for determining which realm it should
>> send, except the destination address of the request. This sucks,
>> IPv4 addresses being not exactly free...
>
> Good point. For web Authentication, destination IP address helps to
> pick different REALM, but with TURN the only information available is
> the Source IP.

Exactly!

I guess (D)TLS would solve that issue with the server_name extension 
[RFC6066].

>> I'm very interested in hearing about any solution you may have in
>> mind...
>
> we are still discussing the solutions, some of them already being
> discussed in PCP WG that needs to be evaluated for TURN are
> EAP-over-TURN, PANA etc.

I don't think we can rely on the PCP stuff also applying to STUN. The 
environments are very different, both on servers and clients.

Anyway, I would appreciate being involved in that discussion.

Thanks,
Simon
-- 
DTN made easy, lean, and smart --> http://postellation.viagenie.ca
NAT64/DNS64 open-source        --> http://ecdysis.viagenie.ca
STUN/TURN server               --> http://numb.viagenie.ca

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From: "Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy)" <tireddy@cisco.com>
To: Simon Perreault <simon.perreault@viagenie.ca>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave-turn-auth-00.txt
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave-turn-auth-00.txt
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Simon Perreault [mailto:simon.perreault@viagenie.ca]
> Sent: Friday, April 26, 2013 1:42 PM
> To: Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy)
> Cc: behave@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave=
-
> turn-auth-00.txt
>=20
> Le 2013-04-25 20:44, Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy) a =E9crit :
> >> - "TURN authentication" doesn't exist. It's "STUN authentication"
> >> that you're talking about. TURN just uses STUN auth.
> >
> > Yes, TURN uses the authentication mechanism specified in STUN. TURN
> > authentication is required because resources will be allocated on the
> > TURN server, whereas with STUN there are no resources allocated on
> > the STUN server. The STUN server is stateless and is only responding
> > to the request from the client. Though both techniques need
> > authentication for integrity protection of request and response. But
> > there are STUN servers deployed without authentication and if the
> > endpoints use DTLS-SRTP then there may not be a problem even if
> > man-in-middle device modifies the STUN response.
> >
> > But TURN servers let's say deployed in DMZ need authentication.
>=20
> I understand all that, but that's not the point.
>=20
> The point is that "TURN authentication" does not *exist*. All the
> problems you have identified apply to *STUN* authentication, which is
> defined in the *STUN* RFC.

Agreed, will update in the next version to say it's a problem with STUN Aut=
hentication.

>=20
> The fact that the Allocate request is more likely than the Binding
> request to be identified by a server administrator as needing auth
> protection is completely irrelevant, except perhaps in the introduction,
> or an operational considerations section.

Yes, will highlight that point.

>=20
> >> - In section "4. Problems with TURN Authentication", what's the
> >> difference between problems 1 and 2 ?
> >
> > [TR] Problem 1 seem to be possible even if strong password is used.
> > since password does not change frequently, the attacker could keep
> > trying a number of candidate passwords. [/TR]
>=20
> Doesn't that characteristic also apply to problem 2 ?

Yes it does, Do you want us to merge problem 1 and 2 ?

>=20
> >> - About the above: wasn't this all well known and accepted at the
> >> time STUN auth was being designed ?
> >
> > May be the authors of STUN/TURN could answer this question, if these
> > attacks were previously discussed or not in WG. If TURN over TLS is
> > used it would solve the problem; but it would impact sending media
> > over TCP and could introduce delays which are directly noticeable.
>=20
> DTLS?

Yes, that is one possibility to use EAP over DTLS and multiplex the channel=
Data also on the same 5-tuple (for fate sharing).
we are yet to evaluate if it works, any problems with multiplexing etc.

>=20
> - Problem 4 could also include the REALM attribute, which could be
> snooped and harvested similarly.

Do you have an attack or privacy problem in mind with REALM that we can add=
 ?=20

>=20
> >> - I have encountered another problem: it's impossible to host
> >> multiple realms on a single IP address. When the server needs to
> >> send the REALM attribute in response to an unauthenticated request,
> >> it has no useful information for determining which realm it should
> >> send, except the destination address of the request. This sucks,
> >> IPv4 addresses being not exactly free...
> >
> > Good point. For web Authentication, destination IP address helps to
> > pick different REALM, but with TURN the only information available is
> > the Source IP.
>=20
> Exactly!
>=20
> I guess (D)TLS would solve that issue with the server_name extension
> [RFC6066].

Yes, it will solve the problem. will add the problem you mentioned in the n=
ext version, so that it will help coming up with a solution.

>=20
> >> I'm very interested in hearing about any solution you may have in
> >> mind...
> >
> > we are still discussing the solutions, some of them already being
> > discussed in PCP WG that needs to be evaluated for TURN are
> > EAP-over-TURN, PANA etc.
>=20
> I don't think we can rely on the PCP stuff also applying to STUN. The
> environments are very different, both on servers and clients.

Agreed, though there could be some scenarios where PCP capable Firewall and=
 TURN server could be co-located.=20

>=20
> Anyway, I would appreciate being involved in that discussion.

sure, will be happy to involve you in the discussion.

Regards,
--Tiru.

>=20
> Thanks,
> Simon
> --
> DTN made easy, lean, and smart --> http://postellation.viagenie.ca
> NAT64/DNS64 open-source        --> http://ecdysis.viagenie.ca
> STUN/TURN server               --> http://numb.viagenie.ca

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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave-turn-auth-00.txt
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Le 2013-04-26 15:05, Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy) a écrit :
>>>> - In section "4. Problems with TURN Authentication", what's the
>>>> difference between problems 1 and 2 ?
>>>
>>> [TR] Problem 1 seem to be possible even if strong password is used.
>>> since password does not change frequently, the attacker could keep
>>> trying a number of candidate passwords. [/TR]
>>
>> Doesn't that characteristic also apply to problem 2 ?
>
> Yes it does, Do you want us to merge problem 1 and 2 ?

Well, I'm just trying to understand. If 1 and 2 are the same problem, 
then yes they should be merged. At this point I don't see any difference 
between the two.

>> - Problem 4 could also include the REALM attribute, which could be
>> snooped and harvested similarly.
>
> Do you have an attack or privacy problem in mind with REALM that we can add ?

Not really. I guess that leaking the domain of a call is acceptable.

>> I don't think we can rely on the PCP stuff also applying to STUN. The
>> environments are very different, both on servers and clients.
>
> Agreed, though there could be some scenarios where PCP capable Firewall and TURN server could be co-located.

Right. I am more focused on the WebRTC use case, where the TURN server 
is operated by the WebRTC application provider, and thus completely 
separate from any firewall the user might be behind.

Simon
-- 
DTN made easy, lean, and smart --> http://postellation.viagenie.ca
NAT64/DNS64 open-source        --> http://ecdysis.viagenie.ca
STUN/TURN server               --> http://numb.viagenie.ca

From tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com  Fri Apr 26 08:46:22 2013
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Logging -- Port violation event for MAP-E or LW4over6 BR
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Well, this comment has triggered an interesting discussion in Softwires, 
but now that I'm putting the final touches to a reissue of the SYSLOG 
NAT logging draft, I see it doesn't fit in very neatly there. The border 
router in these cases is not a NAT, so any discussion of logging 
probably belongs in a MAP-specific document. The CE is also responsible 
for checking, and the CE is a NAT, so it fits with the CE, but I'm not 
sure if it's worth standardizing.

I'll leave it out unless I get comments otherwise.

On 25/04/2013 7:35 AM, Tom Taylor wrote:
> The MAP-E and LW4over6 border routers are responsible for checking that
> the ports assigned by the CE are within the set allocated to that CE. I
> think we need a NAT logging event to report detection of an out-of-range
> port.
>
> Tom Taylor

From dwing@cisco.com  Fri Apr 26 09:29:10 2013
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To: Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
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Cc: "behave@ietf.org" <behave@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Logging -- Port violation event for MAP-E or LW4over6 BR
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On Apr 26, 2013, at 8:46 AM, Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> =
wrote:

> Well, this comment has triggered an interesting discussion in =
Softwires, but now that I'm putting the final touches to a reissue of =
the SYSLOG NAT logging draft, I see it doesn't fit in very neatly there. =
The border router in these cases is not a NAT, so any discussion of =
logging probably belongs in a MAP-specific document. The CE is also =
responsible for checking, and the CE is a NAT, so it fits with the CE, =
but I'm not sure if it's worth standardizing.
>=20
> I'll leave it out unless I get comments otherwise.

I believe the intent of generating such logging messages is =
diagnostics/troubleshooting, in order to detect mis-configured =
equipment.  The mis-configured equipment is the CPE router.  I don't =
recall, but doesn't the MAP router send back ICMP errors if the =
subscriber's CPE sends packets with the wrong port number?

-d


> On 25/04/2013 7:35 AM, Tom Taylor wrote:
>> The MAP-E and LW4over6 border routers are responsible for checking =
that
>> the ports assigned by the CE are within the set allocated to that CE. =
I
>> think we need a NAT logging event to report detection of an =
out-of-range
>> port.
>>=20
>> Tom Taylor
> _______________________________________________
> Behave mailing list
> Behave@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


From alper.yegin@yegin.org  Fri Apr 26 09:30:16 2013
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Cc: behave@ietf.org, "Tirumaleswar Reddy \(tireddy\)" <tireddy@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] FW: New Version Notification for draft-reddy-behave-turn-auth-00.txt
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On Apr 26, 2013, at 4:05 PM, Tirumaleswar Reddy (tireddy) wrote:

>>> we are still discussing the solutions, some of them already being
>>> discussed in PCP WG that needs to be evaluated for TURN are
>>> EAP-over-TURN, PANA etc.
>>=20
>> I don't think we can rely on the PCP stuff also applying to STUN. The
>> environments are very different, both on servers and clients.


I think the point is, there are two approaches here: One is to define =
protocol-specific EAP transport (such as EAP-over-PCP, and =
EAP-over-TURN, etc.), or to rely on using PANA.






--Apple-Mail=_28DA17CC-7579-4C9C-AF21-25FA5E8A08F8
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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; =
"><br><div><div>On Apr 26, 2013, at 4:05 PM, Tirumaleswar Reddy =
(tireddy) wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: =
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: =
normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; =
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-size: medium; =
"><div><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">we are still =
discussing the solutions, some of them already =
being<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">discussed in PCP WG that needs to be evaluated for TURN =
are<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">EAP-over-TURN, PANA =
etc.<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">I don't think =
we can rely on the PCP stuff also applying to STUN. =
The<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">environments are very =
different, both on servers and =
clients.</blockquote></div></span></blockquote></div><br><div><br></div><d=
iv>I think the point is, there are two approaches here: One is to define =
protocol-specific EAP transport (such as EAP-over-PCP, and =
EAP-over-TURN, etc.), or to rely on using =
PANA.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><di=
v><br></div></body></html>=

--Apple-Mail=_28DA17CC-7579-4C9C-AF21-25FA5E8A08F8--

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From: "Senthil Sivakumar (ssenthil)" <ssenthil@cisco.com>
To: "Dan Wing (dwing)" <dwing@cisco.com>, Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com>
Thread-Topic: [BEHAVE] NAT Logging -- Port violation event for MAP-E or LW4over6 BR
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Subject: Re: [BEHAVE] NAT Logging -- Port violation event for MAP-E or LW4over6 BR
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On 4/26/13 12:29 PM, "Dan Wing (dwing)" <dwing@cisco.com> wrote:

>
>On Apr 26, 2013, at 8:46 AM, Tom Taylor <tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> Well, this comment has triggered an interesting discussion in
>>Softwires, but now that I'm putting the final touches to a reissue of
>>the SYSLOG NAT logging draft, I see it doesn't fit in very neatly there.
>>The border router in these cases is not a NAT, so any discussion of
>>logging probably belongs in a MAP-specific document. The CE is also
>>responsible for checking, and the CE is a NAT, so it fits with the CE,
>>but I'm not sure if it's worth standardizing.
>>=20
>> I'll leave it out unless I get comments otherwise.
>
>I believe the intent of generating such logging messages is
>diagnostics/troubleshooting, in order to detect mis-configured equipment.
> The mis-configured equipment is the CPE router.  I don't recall, but
>doesn't the MAP router send back ICMP errors if the subscriber's CPE
>sends packets with the wrong port number?

Yes, it does.

"If the packets source port
   number is found to be outside the range allowed for this CE and the
   BMR, the BR MUST drop the packet and respond with an ICMPv6
   "Destination Unreachable, Source address failed ingress/egress
   policy" (Type 1, Code 5)."


>
>-d
>
>
>> On 25/04/2013 7:35 AM, Tom Taylor wrote:
>>> The MAP-E and LW4over6 border routers are responsible for checking that
>>> the ports assigned by the CE are within the set allocated to that CE. I
>>> think we need a NAT logging event to report detection of an
>>>out-of-range
>>> port.
>>>=20
>>> Tom Taylor
>> _______________________________________________
>> Behave mailing list
>> Behave@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave
>
>_______________________________________________
>Behave mailing list
>Behave@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/behave


From johnsonhammond2@hushmail.com  Sat Apr 27 10:14:40 2013
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Subject: [BEHAVE] Biggest Fake Conference in Computer Science
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Biggest Fake Conference in Computer Science


We are researchers from different parts of the world and conducted a study on  
the worldâ€™s biggest bogus computer science conference WORLDCOMP 
( http://sites.google.com/site/worlddump1 ) organized by Prof. Hamid Arabnia 
from University of Georgia, USA.


We submitted a fake paper to WORLDCOMP 2011 and again (the same paper 
with a modified title) to WORLDCOMP 2012. This paper had numerous 
fundamental mistakes. Sample statements from that paper include: 

(1). Binary logic is fuzzy logic and vice versa
(2). Pascal developed fuzzy logic
(3). Object oriented languages do not exhibit any polymorphism or inheritance
(4). TCP and IP are synonyms and are part of OSI model 
(5). Distributed systems deal with only one computer
(6). Laptop is an example for a super computer
(7). Operating system is an example for computer hardware


Also, our paper did not express any conceptual meaning.  However, it 
was accepted both the times without any modifications (and without 
any reviews) and we were invited to submit the final paper and a 
payment of $500+ fee to present the paper. We decided to use the 
fee for better purposes than making Prof. Hamid Arabnia (Chairman 
of WORLDCOMP) rich. After that, we received few reminders from 
WORLDCOMP to pay the fee but we never responded. 


We MUST say that you should look at the above website if you have any thoughts 
to submit a paper to WORLDCOMP.  DBLP and other indexing agencies have stopped 
indexing WORLDCOMPâ€™s proceedings since 2011 due to its fakeness. See 
http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/icai/index.html for of one of the 
conferences of WORLDCOMP and notice that there is no listing after 2010. See Section 2 of
http://sites.google.com/site/dumpconf for comments from well-known researchers 
about WORLDCOMP. 


The status of your WORLDCOMP papers can be changed from scientific
to other (i.e., junk or non-technical) at any time. Better not to have a paper than 
having it in WORLDCOMP and spoil the resume and peace of mind forever!


Our study revealed that WORLDCOMP is a money making business, 
using University of Georgia mask, for Prof. Hamid Arabnia. He is throwing 
out a small chunk of that money (around 20 dollars per paper published 
in WORLDCOMPâ€™s proceedings) to his puppet (Mr. Ashu Solo or A.M.G. Solo) 
who publicizes WORLDCOMP and also defends it at various forums, using 
fake/anonymous names. The puppet uses fake names and defames other conferences
to divert traffic to WORLDCOMP. He also makes anonymous phone calls and tries to 
threaten the critiques of WORLDCOMP (See Item 7 of Section 5 of above website). 
That is, the puppet does all his best to get a maximum number of papers published 
at WORLDCOMP to get more money into his (and Prof. Hamid Arabniaâ€™s) pockets. 


Monte Carlo Resort (the venue of WORLDCOMP for more than 10 years, until 2012) has 
refused to provide the venue for WORLDCOMPâ€™13 because of the fears of their image 
being tarnished due to WORLDCOMPâ€™s fraudulent activities. That is why WORLDCOMPâ€™13 
is taking place at a different resort. WORLDCOMP will not be held after 2013. 


The draft paper submission deadline is over but still there are no committee 
members, no reviewers, and there is no conference Chairman. The only contact 
details available on WORLDCOMPâ€™s website is just an email address! 

Let us make a direct request to Prof. Hamid arabnia: publish all reviews for 
all the papers (after blocking identifiable details) since 2000 conference. Reveal 
the names and affiliations of all the reviewers (for each year) and how many 
papers each reviewer had reviewed on average. We also request him to look at 
the Open Challenge (Section 6) at https://sites.google.com/site/moneycomp1 


Sorry for posting to multiple lists. Spreading the word is the only way to stop 
this bogus conference. Please forward this message to other mailing lists and people. 


We are shocked with Prof. Hamid Arabnia and his puppetâ€™s activities 
http://worldcomp-fake-bogus.blogspot.com   Search Google using the 
keyword worldcomp fake for additional links.


From wwwrun@rfc-editor.org  Mon Apr 29 15:39:29 2013
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Subject: [BEHAVE] BCP 127, RFC 6888 on Common Requirements for Carrier-Grade NATs (CGNs)
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A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.

        BCP 127        
        RFC 6888

        Title:      Common Requirements for Carrier-Grade NATs 
                    (CGNs) 
        Author:     S. Perreault, Ed.,
                    I. Yamagata, S. Miyakawa,
                    A. Nakagawa, H. Ashida
        Status:     Best Current Practice
        Stream:     IETF
        Date:       April 2013
        Mailbox:    simon.perreault@viagenie.ca, 
                    ikuhei@nttv6.jp, 
                    miyakawa@nttv6.jp,
                    a-nakagawa@jpix.ad.jp, 
                    hiashida@cisco.com
        Pages:      15
        Characters: 32484
        Updates:    RFC 4787
        See Also:   BCP 127

        I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-behave-lsn-requirements-10.txt

        URL:        http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6888.txt

This document defines common requirements for Carrier-Grade NATs
(CGNs).  It updates RFC 4787.

This document is a product of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance Working Group of the IETF.


BCP: This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the
Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for 
improvements. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

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From wwwrun@rfc-editor.org  Mon Apr 29 15:40:00 2013
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Subject: [BEHAVE] RFC 6889 on Analysis of Stateful 64 Translation
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A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.

        
        RFC 6889

        Title:      Analysis of Stateful 64 Translation 
        Author:     R. Penno, T. Saxena,
                    M. Boucadair, S. Sivakumar
        Status:     Informational
        Stream:     IETF
        Date:       April 2013
        Mailbox:    rpenno@juniper.net, 
                    tasaxena@cisco.com, 
                    mohamed.boucadair@orange.com,
                    ssenthil@cisco.com
        Pages:      15
        Characters: 33171
        Updates/Obsoletes/SeeAlso:   None

        I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-behave-64-analysis-07.txt

        URL:        http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6889.txt

Due to specific problems, Network Address Translation - Protocol
Translation (NAT-PT) was deprecated by the IETF as a mechanism to
perform IPv6-IPv4 translation.  Since then, new efforts have been
undertaken within IETF to standardize alternative mechanisms to
perform IPv6-IPv4 translation.  This document analyzes to what extent
the new stateful translation mechanisms avoid the problems that
caused the IETF to deprecate NAT-PT.

This document is a product of the Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance Working Group of the IETF.


INFORMATIONAL: This memo provides information for the Internet community.
It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of
this memo is unlimited.

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The RFC Editor Team
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