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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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Paul:

        On a technical, or at least quasi-technical point, doesn't usage 3 
say that it must match the "end-entity certificate given by the server in 
TLS"?  That suggests to me that TLSA might need DANE to support another 
usage (perhaps 4), which matches a bare public key as given in RFC 7520. 
This is my first post to DANE, so please forgive me if I'm missing some of 
the history.
        DANE surely should accomodate TLSA, but changing statements about 
extensibility in the existing document to their opposites does not seem 
like the best way to do that.  A revision to 6698 should presumably leave 
the current last sentence of 2.1.1 accurate as it applies to usages 0-3, 
to avoid breaking any existing code that might rely on it.
        So my proposed certificate usage values are:
0       Issuer
1       Server Certificate - to be fully validated
2       Trust Anchor
3       Server Certificate - may be self-signed, no chain validation
4       Public Key
        Certificate usage 4 is used to specify a certificate, or the 
public key of such a certificate, that MUST match the public key given by 
the server in TLS or TLSA.  Unlike  certificate usage 3, this usage 
implies that the server supplies a key with neither validity dates nor 
name in the session negotiation.

Tom Gindin, CISSP
P.S.    The opinions above are mine, and not necessarily those of my 
employer.




From:   Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
To:     John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
Cc:     dane@ietf.org
Date:   05/29/2014 10:01 AM
Subject:        Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new 
raw public keys
Sent by:        "dane" <dane-bounces@ietf.org>



On May 29, 2014, at 1:05 AM, John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com> wrote:

> I remember fighting this fight in the DANE WG, and the result was
> something along the lines of "We'll narrow the RFC now, and then
> if-and-when raw public keys are approved by the TLS WG, then we'll
> amend it to include them." 

Yep. That is still the plan.

> Well, the time has come.  Raw public keys
> are approved by the TLS WG.  The trouble is that nobody has bothered
> to amend the TLSA RFC, so the new draft RFC tells people "just use
> DANE", but the DANE TLSA RFC says, "No you can't".

Anyone could have started the process for an update to 6689 to reflect 
this. They haven't yet.

> I propose to add some text to the draft RFC 7250 that extends RFC 6698
> by defining how raw public keys are stored in TLSA records.

That is a horrible abuse of the RFC publication process. That is, instead 
of you asking for IETF review of your idea, you are trying to slip in a 
significant technical change with no community review.

> My coauthors seem to prefer that we just ignore the entire issue,
> issue RFC 7250, and ignore the conflict between the two. 

What conflict? DANE is clearly defined. If you want to update the 
definition (and many of us would support that), write the one-page 
Internet Draft to do so.

> As someone
> who learned most of what I know about protocols (and the Internet)
> from reading Saint Jon Postel's clearly written RFCs, I would hate to
> inflict that on future readers.  We should not release documents that
> contain deliberate incompatabilities.

And you are not.

> We think RFC 7250 is ready to go except for this remaining issue.  It
> has been approved by the TLS WG, the IESG, the RFC Editor, and all the
> co-authors but me.
> 
> Here's my proposed wording change for RFC 7520.  Improvements welcome.
> Start from this version:
> 
>  https://www.rfc-editor.org/authors/rfc7250.txt
> 
> Section 4.4.
> OLD (entire section):
>   When the TLS server has specified RawPublicKey as the
>   server_certificate_type, authentication of the TLS server to the TLS
>   client is supported only through authentication of the received
>   client SubjectPublicKeyInfo via an out-of-band method.
> 
> NEW (entire section):
>   When the TLS server has specified RawPublicKey as the
>   server_certificate_type, authentication of the TLS server to the TLS
>   client is supported only through authentication of the received
>   client SubjectPublicKeyInfo via an out-of-band method.
> 
>   In order to support out-of-band authentication via DANE [RFC6698],
>   this document extends the DANE TLSA record definition to allow such
>   records to describe raw public keys as well as PKIX [RFC5280]
>   certificates.  This extension does not define any new field values;
>   it merely defines how existing fields are processed when being
>   matched to raw public keys provided by TLS servers.
> 
>   A raw public key is represented in a TLSA record by specifying a
>   certificate usage of 3 (domain-provided), a selector of 1
>   (SubjectPublicKeyInfo), and a matching type of 0.  The
>   SubjectPublicKeyInfo that holds the public key is placed in the
>   certificate association data.  Matching types other than 0 may also
>   be used, by placing the corresponding hash value into the
>   certificate association data.
> 
>   DANE [RFC6698] section 1.3 is extended to say:
> 
>      This document only applies to raw public keys and to PKIX
>      [RFC5280] certificates, not certificates of other formats.
> 
>   DANE section 2.1.1 is extended to say:
> 
>      The certificate usages 0, 1 and 2 defined in this document
>      explicitly only apply to PKIX-formatted certificates in DER
>      encoding [X.690].  If TLS allows other formats later, or if
>      extensions to this RRtype are made that accept other formats for
>      certificates, those certificates will need their own certificate
>      usage values.
> 
>   In DANE section 2.1.1, in addition to the definition of certificate
>   usage 3 with TLS servers that use PKIX certificates, certificate
>   usage 3 may also be used with TLS servers that use raw public keys:
> 
>      3 -- Certificate usage 3 is also used to specify a raw public key
>      that MUST match the raw public key presented by the server in
>      TLS.  When the TLS server provides a raw public key, there is no
>      PKIX certificate and no PKIX validation is done; the TLS
>      server's raw public key MUST match the raw public key provided in
>      the TLSA record.  This certificate usage is sometimes referred
>      to as "domain-issued" because it allows a domain administrator
>      to directly certify a domain's public keys.
> 
> I believe that this wording reflects the up-to-now tacit consensus on
> how the DANE WG expects TLS raw public keys to be represented and
> processed in TLSA records.  In the absence of significant dissent or
> further improvements, I propose to provide the above updates to the
> RFC Editor and release the new RFC.

As co-author of RFC 6689, I fully disagree. The correct way to update RFC 
6698 is with a new RFC that has community review.

--Paul Hoffman
_______________________________________________
dane mailing list
dane@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dane



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<tt><font size=2>Paul:</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; On a technical,
or at least quasi-technical point, doesn't usage 3 say that it must match
the &quot;end-entity certificate given by the server in TLS&quot;? &nbsp;That
suggests to me that TLSA might need DANE to support another usage (perhaps
4), which matches a bare public key as given in RFC 7520. &nbsp;This is
my first post to DANE, so please forgive me if I'm missing some of the
history.</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; DANE surely should
accomodate TLSA, but changing statements about extensibility in the existing
document to their opposites does not seem like the best way to do that.
&nbsp;A revision to 6698 should presumably leave the current last sentence
of 2.1.1 accurate as it applies to usages 0-3, to avoid breaking any existing
code that might rely on it.</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; So my proposed
certificate usage values are:</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Issuer</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Server Certificate
- to be fully validated</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Trust Anchor</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>3 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Server Certificate
- may be self-signed, no chain validation</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Public Key<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Certificate usage 4 is used to specify
a certificate, or the public key of such a certificate, that MUST match
the public key given by the server in TLS or TLSA. &nbsp;Unlike &nbsp;certificate
usage 3, this usage implies that the server supplies a key with neither
validity dates nor name in the session negotiation.</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2><br>
Tom Gindin, CISSP<br>
P.S. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;The opinions above are mine, and
not necessarily those of my employer.</font></tt><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">From: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Paul Hoffman &lt;paul.hoffman@vpnc.org&gt;</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">To: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">John Gilmore &lt;gnu@toad.com&gt;</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">Cc: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">dane@ietf.org</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">Date: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">05/29/2014 10:01 AM</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">Subject: &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Re: [dane] Extending
TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">Sent by: &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">&quot;dane&quot;
&lt;dane-bounces@ietf.org&gt;</font>
<br>
<hr noshade>
<br>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>On May 29, 2014, at 1:05 AM, John Gilmore &lt;gnu@toad.com&gt;
wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; I remember fighting this fight in the DANE WG, and the result was<br>
&gt; something along the lines of &quot;We'll narrow the RFC now, and then<br>
&gt; if-and-when raw public keys are approved by the TLS WG, then we'll<br>
&gt; amend it to include them.&quot; &nbsp;<br>
<br>
Yep. That is still the plan.<br>
<br>
&gt; Well, the time has come. &nbsp;Raw public keys<br>
&gt; are approved by the TLS WG. &nbsp;The trouble is that nobody has bothered<br>
&gt; to amend the TLSA RFC, so the new draft RFC tells people &quot;just
use<br>
&gt; DANE&quot;, but the DANE TLSA RFC says, &quot;No you can't&quot;.<br>
<br>
Anyone could have started the process for an update to 6689 to reflect
this. They haven't yet.<br>
<br>
&gt; I propose to add some text to the draft RFC 7250 that extends RFC
6698<br>
&gt; by defining how raw public keys are stored in TLSA records.<br>
<br>
That is a horrible abuse of the RFC publication process. That is, instead
of you asking for IETF review of your idea, you are trying to slip in a
significant technical change with no community review.<br>
<br>
&gt; My coauthors seem to prefer that we just ignore the entire issue,<br>
&gt; issue RFC 7250, and ignore the conflict between the two. &nbsp;<br>
<br>
What conflict? DANE is clearly defined. If you want to update the definition
(and many of us would support that), write the one-page Internet Draft
to do so.<br>
<br>
&gt; As someone<br>
&gt; who learned most of what I know about protocols (and the Internet)<br>
&gt; from reading Saint Jon Postel's clearly written RFCs, I would hate
to<br>
&gt; inflict that on future readers. &nbsp;We should not release documents
that<br>
&gt; contain deliberate incompatabilities.<br>
<br>
And you are not.<br>
<br>
&gt; We think RFC 7250 is ready to go except for this remaining issue.
&nbsp;It<br>
&gt; has been approved by the TLS WG, the IESG, the RFC Editor, and all
the<br>
&gt; co-authors but me.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Here's my proposed wording change for RFC 7520. &nbsp;Improvements
welcome.<br>
&gt; Start from this version:<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp;</font></tt><a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/authors/rfc7250.txt"><tt><font size=2>https://www.rfc-editor.org/authors/rfc7250.txt</font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Section 4.4.<br>
&gt; OLD (entire section):<br>
&gt; &nbsp; When the TLS server has specified RawPublicKey as the<br>
&gt; &nbsp; server_certificate_type, authentication of the TLS server to
the TLS<br>
&gt; &nbsp; client is supported only through authentication of the received<br>
&gt; &nbsp; client SubjectPublicKeyInfo via an out-of-band method.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; NEW (entire section):<br>
&gt; &nbsp; When the TLS server has specified RawPublicKey as the<br>
&gt; &nbsp; server_certificate_type, authentication of the TLS server to
the TLS<br>
&gt; &nbsp; client is supported only through authentication of the received<br>
&gt; &nbsp; client SubjectPublicKeyInfo via an out-of-band method.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp; In order to support out-of-band authentication via DANE [RFC6698],<br>
&gt; &nbsp; this document extends the DANE TLSA record definition to allow
such<br>
&gt; &nbsp; records to describe raw public keys as well as PKIX [RFC5280]<br>
&gt; &nbsp; certificates. &nbsp;This extension does not define any new
field values;<br>
&gt; &nbsp; it merely defines how existing fields are processed when being<br>
&gt; &nbsp; matched to raw public keys provided by TLS servers.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp; A raw public key is represented in a TLSA record by specifying
a<br>
&gt; &nbsp; certificate usage of 3 (domain-provided), a selector of 1<br>
&gt; &nbsp; (SubjectPublicKeyInfo), and a matching type of 0. &nbsp;The<br>
&gt; &nbsp; SubjectPublicKeyInfo that holds the public key is placed in
the<br>
&gt; &nbsp; certificate association data. &nbsp;Matching types other than
0 may also<br>
&gt; &nbsp; be used, by placing the corresponding hash value into the<br>
&gt; &nbsp; certificate association data.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp; DANE [RFC6698] section 1.3 is extended to say:<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;This document only applies to raw public keys
and to PKIX<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;[RFC5280] certificates, not certificates of other
formats.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp; DANE section 2.1.1 is extended to say:<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;The certificate usages 0, 1 and 2 defined in this
document<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;explicitly only apply to PKIX-formatted certificates
in DER<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;encoding [X.690]. &nbsp;If TLS allows other formats
later, or if<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;extensions to this RRtype are made that accept
other formats for<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;certificates, those certificates will need their
own certificate<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;usage values.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp; In DANE section 2.1.1, in addition to the definition of certificate<br>
&gt; &nbsp; usage 3 with TLS servers that use PKIX certificates, certificate<br>
&gt; &nbsp; usage 3 may also be used with TLS servers that use raw public
keys:<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3 -- Certificate usage 3 is also used to specify
a raw public key<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;that MUST match the raw public key presented by
the server in<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;TLS. &nbsp;When the TLS server provides a raw
public key, there is no<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;PKIX certificate and no PKIX validation is done;
the TLS<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;server's raw public key MUST match the raw public
key provided in<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;the TLSA record. &nbsp;This certificate usage
is sometimes referred<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;to as &quot;domain-issued&quot; because it allows
a domain administrator<br>
&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;to directly certify a domain's public keys.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; I believe that this wording reflects the up-to-now tacit consensus
on<br>
&gt; how the DANE WG expects TLS raw public keys to be represented and<br>
&gt; processed in TLSA records. &nbsp;In the absence of significant dissent
or<br>
&gt; further improvements, I propose to provide the above updates to the<br>
&gt; RFC Editor and release the new RFC.<br>
<br>
As co-author of RFC 6689, I fully disagree. The correct way to update RFC
6698 is with a new RFC that has community review.<br>
<br>
--Paul Hoffman<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
dane mailing list<br>
dane@ietf.org<br>
</font></tt><a href=https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dane><tt><font size=2>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dane</font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
<br>
</font></tt>
<br>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Sun, Jun 01, 2014 at 10:04:13PM -0400, Tom Gindin wrote:

> On a technical, or at least quasi-technical point, doesn't usage 3 say
> that it must match the "end-entity certificate given by the server in 
> TLS"?

Usage DANE-EE(3) with selector SPKI(1) matches the subject public
key info of the peer.  While as specified in 6698 this SPKI is
expected to be adorned in X.509 finery, it is a natural extension
to allow the same association to apply to bare public keys.

There is simply no need for a new certificate usage here (one for
which selector 0 would make no sense).  Indeed it would force
server operators to needlessly publish the SPKI digest twice:

	example. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {blob}
	example. IN TLSA 4 1 1 {blob}

for no good reason.

> Certificate usage 4 is used to specify a certificate, or the 
> public key of such a certificate, that MUST match the public key given by 
> the server in TLS or TLSA.  Unlike  certificate usage 3, this usage 
> implies that the server supplies a key with neither validity dates nor 
> name in the session negotiation.

Those qualifications already apply to usage 3 (ops draft document
which specifies this to be published soon), with SPKI(1), DANE-EE(3)
is already a bare key usage, just sometimes embedded in an X.509
cert.  There is no need for a usage 4 (yet), at least not for this
use-case.

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Mon Jun  2 07:14:44 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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Folks,

Can we try get this one settled soon, at least in terms of
any changes to draft-ietf-tls-oob?

The core WG have been waiting on that for quite a while as
its a normative dependency for CoAP.

(So, dane WG chairs - if you could propose a consensus call
for the action to take that'd be great and we can move on.)

Cheers,
S.



From nobody Mon Jun  2 07:52:27 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Mon, Jun 02, 2014 at 03:14:31PM +0100, Stephen Farrell wrote:

> Can we try get this one settled soon, at least in terms of
> any changes to draft-ietf-tls-oob?
> 
> The core WG have been waiting on that for quite a while as
> its a normative dependency for CoAP.
> 
> (So, dane WG chairs - if you could propose a consensus call
> for the action to take that'd be great and we can move on.)

Could you perhaps restate the questions to be considered?

    I think John Gilmore posed two questions:

    * What is the representation of oob public keys in DANE TLSA
      records.  Proposed "3 1 X".

      [FWIW I support this view, with the added observation from
      James Cloos that "3 0 0" can also match raw public keys via
      the enclosed SPKI value].

    * What document should define this representation, and amend
      the restrictive language in 6698 Section 1.3:
	
	   This document only applies to PKIX [RFC5280] certificates, not
	   certificates of other formats.

      and extend the definition of usage 3 or some new [ideally not]
      usage to handle raw public keys.

Are these the right questions?

[ Turf issues aside, there seems to be enough subtle detail in getting
this right that it seems to me that a new DANE WG document, quite possibly
whatever we call the current "ops" draft by the time November rolls around,
is the right place to define this mapping. ]

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Mon Jun  2 09:53:34 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Mon, 2 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> On Sun, Jun 01, 2014 at 10:04:13PM -0400, Tom Gindin wrote:
>
>> On a technical, or at least quasi-technical point, doesn't usage 3 say
>> that it must match the "end-entity certificate given by the server in
>> TLS"?
>
> Usage DANE-EE(3) with selector SPKI(1) matches the subject public
> key info of the peer.  While as specified in 6698 this SPKI is
> expected to be adorned in X.509 finery, it is a natural extension
> to allow the same association to apply to bare public keys.

Not only the natural extension, it was added specifically to accomodate
bare public keys in the future/

> There is simply no need for a new certificate usage here (one for
> which selector 0 would make no sense).  Indeed it would force
> server operators to needlessly publish the SPKI digest twice:
>
> 	example. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {blob}
> 	example. IN TLSA 4 1 1 {blob}
>
> for no good reason.

I agree. One TLSA that covers the SPKI should work for TLS servers that
give out a bare public key or an EE cert.

I'm okay with WH' suggestion of putting this in the soon to be dane ops
document, or with an ERRATA to 6698 or with a new one page RFC.

Paul


From nobody Mon Jun  2 10:29:33 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Mon, Jun 02, 2014 at 02:52:15PM +0000, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

>     * What is the representation of oob public keys in DANE TLSA
>       records.  Proposed "3 1 X".
> 
>       [FWIW I support this view, with the added observation from
>       James Cloos that "3 0 0" can also match raw public keys via
>       the enclosed SPKI value].

In whatever document ends up publishing the details,  I would say:

    TLS clients that support out of band public keys ([TLS WG
    document reference]) authenticated via DANE TLSA records SHOULD
    NOT employ the "oob public key" TLS extension unless all the
    server's TLSA records are compatible with out of band public
    keys.  The client SHOULD send an SNI extension with the server's
    TLSA base domain even if it is willing or expecting to use out
    of band public keys.

    [ Rationale. ]

    Compatible TLSA records include all records with certificate
    usage DANE-EE(3) and selector SPKI(1) with any matching type.
    Clients MAY also elect to treat records with usage DANE-EE(3),
    selector Cert(0) and matching type Full(0) as compatible,
    provided they are willing and able to extract the public key
    from such a TLSA record for comparison with the server's bare
    out of band public key.

For the server side, I would add:

    Servers that support "oob public key" MAY employ SNI to select
    the correct public key, either by identifying a matching 
    certificate from which to extract the key, or via some other
    mapping from the requested domain to the corresponding key.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Comments: In-reply-to Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> message dated "Mon, 02 Jun 2014 17:29:22 -0000."
Date: Mon, 02 Jun 2014 13:41:56 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
Archived-At: http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/dane/h2twRaVRoE78eCxngB_x7ISvx_A
Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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Viktor suggested:
> In whatever document ends up publishing the details,  I would say:
> 
>     TLS clients that support out of band public keys ([TLS WG
>     document reference]) authenticated via DANE TLSA records SHOULD
>     NOT employ the "oob public key" TLS extension unless all the
>     server's TLSA records are compatible with out of band public
>     keys.  The client SHOULD send an SNI extension with the server's
>     TLSA base domain even if it is willing or expecting to use out
>     of band public keys.
> 
>     [ Rationale. ]
> 
>     Compatible TLSA records include all records with certificate
>     usage DANE-EE(3) and selector SPKI(1) with any matching type.

TLS servers that offer raw public keys should not restrict their TLSA
records to only those that match raw public keys.  This is not only
unnecessary, but harmful.  It harms interoperability, and it dents the
general applicability strategy of TLSA records, which is that clients
look through the set of returned TLSA records for the one(s) that are
relevant to their current negotiation.

Raw public key support is *negotiated* by the TLS server.  In the
general case, it will likely offer both raw public keys and PKIX
certificates, and the client will choose which option it likes.  So
that the transaction can complete authentication regardless of which
option the client chooses, the server's domain name zone should be
free to publish TLSA records that match raw public keys, TLSA records
that match PKIX certificates, or both.

The TLS server itself should always be free to offer any kind of
authentication that it supports.  The raw public keys draft already
says that it should only offer to negotiate certificate types that it
actually both supports and possesses a relevant key for; that is all
the constraint that needs to be placed on the TLS server.

I do not understand the reference to SNI.  Why is there any greater
need to send an SNI option than in any other TLS negotiation?  Is
there something to say here that wasn't already said in RFC 3546 or
RFC 6066?  e.g. RFC 3546 page 10:

   It is RECOMMENDED that clients include an extension of type
   "server_name" in the client hello whenever they locate a server by a
   supported name type.

   A server that receives a client hello containing the "server_name"
   extension, MAY use the information contained in the extension to
   guide its selection of an appropriate certificate to return to the
   client, and/or other aspects of security policy. 

>     Clients MAY also elect to treat records with usage DANE-EE(3),
>     selector Cert(0) and matching type Full(0) as compatible,
>     provided they are willing and able to extract the public key
>     from such a TLSA record for comparison with the server's bare
>     out of band public key.

I think this is a bad idea.  If the TLS server offers a raw public
key, it should not try to authenticate it via a TLSA record that
contains a PKIX certificate.  The intent of raw public keys is to
allow simpler (need I say easier to debug and more secure) clients
that don't need to parse, let alone validate, a PKIX certificate.
This just complicates clients for no gain in interoperability.

There is no gain in interoperability because, if matching a raw public
key in a PKIX certificate is OPTIONAL, then clients can't be depended
upon to extract a key from a PKIX certificate in order to authenticate
the key.  This means that server zones will have to publish a real raw
public key in a TLSA record anytime they want to have interoperability
with raw public key clients.  Given that the server zone must in
practice publish a real raw key, suggesting that clients should
optionally match against a (second) TLSA record containing a
complicated PKIX certificate is a burden without any gain.

> For the server side, I would add:
> 
>     Servers that support "oob public key" MAY employ SNI to select
>     the correct public key, either by identifying a matching 
>     certificate from which to extract the key, or via some other
>     mapping from the requested domain to the corresponding key.

I think that where the server's public key comes from is irrelevant to
the protocol.  It could have been extracted from a PKIX certificate,
it could have been generated by rolling dice, it could have come from
divine inspiration, thermal noise, or the Linux filesystem.  Why would
we suggest one particular method?

If the point is that the Server Name Indication option sent by the
client might affect the offered key, that's a point.  But the same is
even more true of the offered PKIX certificate in traditional TLS, so
if we feel the need to say this, why aren't we already saying it about
PKIX certificates?

	John


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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Mon, Jun 02, 2014 at 01:41:56PM -0700, John Gilmore wrote:

> TLS servers that offer raw public keys should not restrict their TLSA
> records to only those that match raw public keys.

There are no such records.  Records of the form "3 1 X" also match
leaf certificates.

> It harms interoperability, and it dents the
> general applicability strategy of TLSA records, which is that clients
> look through the set of returned TLSA records for the one(s) that are
> relevant to their current negotiation.

This is not compatible with key rotation or other transitions
between past/present/future TLSA records which result in a subset
of the TLSA records being "active" (matching the server's actual
keys) and another subset being "inactive" (matching either past or
future keys).

Clients MUST be willing to process all TLSA records, or else should
not expect DANE authentication to work.

> Raw public key support is *negotiated* by the TLS server.  In the
> general case, it will likely offer both raw public keys and PKIX
> certificates, and the client will choose which option it likes.

That's fine "3 1 X" records are compatible with both, but the
presence of records with any other known certificate usage or "3
0 X" records (with the possible exception of X == 0) needs to
suppress client use of oob public keys when the client's "oob"
authentication strategy is DANE.

> So
> that the transaction can complete authentication regardless of which
> option the client chooses, the server's domain name zone should be
> free to publish TLSA records that match raw public keys, TLSA records
> that match PKIX certificates, or both.

That's what "3 1 X" records do.  Other records only work with PKIX,
and since these may be the only "active" ones (the mythical
[Rationale] in short form) the client should assume the worst and
not negotiate its way into a dead-end whereby authentication fails.

> The TLS server itself should always be free to offer any kind of
> authentication that it supports.

Yep, that's fine.

> I do not understand the reference to SNI.  Why is there any greater
> need to send an SNI option than in any other TLS negotiation?  Is
> there something to say here that wasn't already said in RFC 3546 or
> RFC 6066?  e.g. RFC 3546 page 10:

Some mention of interaction with SNI is perhaps redundant, but IMHO
useful.  Mentioned only because some might think that SNI is only
for certificates and is obviated by "oob" keys, but it is not.


> >     Clients MAY also elect to treat records with usage DANE-EE(3),
> >     selector Cert(0) and matching type Full(0) as compatible,
> >     provided they are willing and able to extract the public key
> >     from such a TLSA record for comparison with the server's bare
> >     out of band public key.
> 
> I think this is a bad idea.  If the TLS server offers a raw public
> key, it

["it" is the client here]

> should not try to authenticate it via a TLSA record that
> contains a PKIX certificate.  The intent of raw public keys is to
> allow simpler (need I say easier to debug and more secure) clients
> that don't need to parse, let alone validate, a PKIX certificate.
> This just complicates clients for no gain in interoperability.

Clients MAY decide whether they are willing to transform "3 0 0"
into the contained "3 1 0".  If the WG feel that contrary to the
observation by James Cloose this is a bad idea, I am not particularly
fixated on this corner case.  However, if clients don't map "3 0 0"
to "3 1 0", then the presence of "3 0 0" in the TLSA RRset should
also suppress use of "oob" keys.

> There is no gain in interoperability [...]

Indeed, it is only a gain in opportunities to use the oob extension,
and thereby make the TLS handshake smaller.

> If the point is that the Server Name Indication option sent by the
> client might affect the offered key, that's a point.  But the same is
> even more true of the offered PKIX certificate in traditional TLS, so
> if we feel the need to say this, why aren't we already saying it about
> PKIX certificates?

We are already stating that DANE clients need to use SNI in other
contexts.  I just carried this over to "oob" keys too.  The
observation is inessential if it is considered obvious/redundant.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Mon, 2 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> In whatever document ends up publishing the details,  I would say:
>
>    TLS clients that support out of band public keys ([TLS WG
>    document reference]) authenticated via DANE TLSA records SHOULD
>    NOT employ the "oob public key" TLS extension unless all the
>    server's TLSA records are compatible with out of band public
>    keys.  The client SHOULD send an SNI extension with the server's
>    TLSA base domain even if it is willing or expecting to use out
>    of band public keys.

Again, I don't see why. If there is one TLSA record that matches the
public key of the server, that's good enough. If you do any kind of TLS
key rollover, the TLS admin better pre-publish the proper TLSA records.

Saying that all TLSA records should be of a type compatible with oob
serves no purpose and could hinder deploymentment of oob TLS.

If a TLS client local policy prefers oob, and it finds only non-oob
compatible TLSA records, it could omit using oob to prevent issues.
But I don't think that is a MUST.

> For the server side, I would add:
>
>    Servers that support "oob public key" MAY employ SNI to select
>    the correct public key, either by identifying a matching
>    certificate from which to extract the key, or via some other
>    mapping from the requested domain to the corresponding key.

I do not see why we need to drag SNI into this. How is SNI different for
bare keys versus certificates? If the client tells the server the SNI,
the server picks the right identity - regardless of the 7250 extension.

Paul


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Tue, Jun 03, 2014 at 01:04:55AM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:

> On Mon, 2 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> 
> >In whatever document ends up publishing the details,  I would say:
> >
> >   TLS clients that support out of band public keys ([TLS WG
> >   document reference]) authenticated via DANE TLSA records SHOULD
> >   NOT employ the "oob public key" TLS extension unless all the
> >   server's TLSA records are compatible with out of band public
> >   keys.  The client SHOULD send an SNI extension with the server's
> >   TLSA base domain even if it is willing or expecting to use out
> >   of band public keys.
> 
> Again, I don't see why. If there is one TLSA record that matches the
> public key of the server, that's good enough. If you do any kind of TLS
> key rollover, the TLS admin better pre-publish the proper TLSA records.

Suppose the only one that does is a "DANE-TA(2) Cert(0) SHA2-256(1)".
What then?

	; transition state when updating DNS records prior to new
	; key deployment.
	;
	example.com IN TLSA 3 1 1 {recent past blob}
	example.com IN TLSA 2 0 1 {current blob}

A client that negotiates "oob public key" in this state fails to
authenticate the server.

> Saying that all TLSA records should be of a type compatible with oob
> serves no purpose and could hinder deploymentment of oob TLS.

Obviously I have a purpose in mind, for some reason it is not
getting through.  I think some others have understood, perhaps they
can have a crack at explaining it to you.

> If a TLS client local policy prefers oob, and it finds only non-oob
> compatible TLSA records, it could omit using oob to prevent issues.
> But I don't think that is a MUST.

We can quibble over MUST vs. SHOULD.  However, and especially
because the point appears to be non-obvious to many, experts
included, it needs to be made.  ALL the TLSA records need to be "3
1 X", possibly also "3 0 0", or else the client SHOULD skip "oob".

> >   Servers that support "oob public key" MAY employ SNI to select
> >   the correct public key, either by identifying a matching
> >   certificate from which to extract the key, or via some other
> >   mapping from the requested domain to the corresponding key.
> 
> I do not see why we need to drag SNI into this. How is SNI different for
> bare keys versus certificates?

It isn't.  I just wanted to spell it out.  DANE clients send SNI, even
if when they use "oob public key".  As in my reply to John Gilmore, if
everyone agrees this is obvious, it is not essential (but harmless, no?).

-- 
	Viktor.


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From: Phillip Hallam-Baker <phill@hallambaker.com>
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Subject: [dane] Related work: OmniPublish
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All,

I submitted the following draft:

https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-hallambaker-omnipublish/

The draft proposes a JSON/REST based protocol that a service can use to

1) Tell the local DNS service 'hey I am here, please configure records
for me to serve the XYZ protocol'. (also potentially configure
firewalls etc).

2) Acquire the necessary cryptographic credentials to provide that service.

Now as you would expect from me, the draft is designed to make it as
easy as possible for people to get certs from a CA. But combining the
two publication tasks into one protocol makes it a good fit for DANE
as well.

Looking at recent attacks and the needs of cloud service environments
and the problem of doing high quality key generation, I believe that
at some point in the future the consensus will shift away from the
'generate the keys at the end point' model to a 'generate keys where
you know the job will be done right' model.

So today the process of bringing up a server is that you install the
application, go through the application config, generate keys, do the
DNS configuration, apply for certs, configure the server and go. That
is going to take a week of elapsed time in a typical enterprise as
every request cuts across departments.

With OmniPublish the only admin steps required are install the
application and go through the application config. The application
knows everything else it needs at that point and can ask.

Not suggesting this as a WG item. But it is clear that something like
this is going to be needed if DANE is ever going to be practical.


From nobody Tue Jun  3 19:19:34 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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John,=20
Sorry for the top posting of our main arguments.=20
RFC7250 has shipped, please do not hold up the publication.=20
We need a quick turnaround to address the issues you identified below.=20=


As Wes Hardaker commented in a later message we have an =93Dane uses and =
fixes=94 document in the
queue and adding this to it is appropriate. (dane-ops)=20
<more comments inline plan at the bottom>=20

On May 29, 2014, at 4:05 AM, John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com> wrote:

> The TLS Working Group is in the final stages of approving RFC 7250,
> "Using Raw Public Keys in TLS/DTLS":
>=20
>  https://www.rfc-editor.org/authors/rfc7250.txt
>=20
> The draft modifies the TLS protocol to allow clients and servers to
> negotiate and exchange types of authentication material other than
> PKIX certificate chains, and defines a format for exchanging a raw
> public key.  These public keys are authenticated "out of band",
> outside the TLS protocol, for example by prior administration (in some
> Internet-of-Things cases), or by the use of DANE.  Paul Wouters was
> the main author, and the protocol and document were significantly
> improved by several co-authors from the TLS WG.
>=20
> In reviewing the draft, I noticed that it doesn't ever describe how
> you store such a public key in a TLSA record.  And the TLSA RFC 6698
> explicitly specifies that TLSA records can ONLY store PKIX
> certificates!  The relevant sections are:
>=20
> RFC 6698 Sec. 1.3:
>=20
>   This document only applies to PKIX [RFC5280] certificates, not
>   certificates of other formats.

This is a major change and specifying how to do other certificate types=20=

should go through the normal standards process.=20
DANE WG is happy to take that on, and this should be processed before we =
go on to DANE-bis document.=20

>=20
> RFC 6698 Sec. 2.1.1:
>=20
>   The certificate usages defined in this document explicitly only =
apply
>   to PKIX-formatted certificates in DER encoding [X.690].  If TLS
>   allows other formats later, or if extensions to this RRtype are made
>   that accept other formats for certificates, those certificates will
>   need their own certificate usage values.
>=20
> I remember fighting this fight in the DANE WG, and the result was
> something along the lines of "We'll narrow the RFC now, and then
> if-and-when raw public keys are approved by the TLS WG, then we'll
> amend it to include them."  Well, the time has come.  Raw public keys
> are approved by the TLS WG.  The trouble is that nobody has bothered
> to amend the TLSA RFC, so the new draft RFC tells people "just use
> DANE", but the DANE TLSA RFC says, "No you can't=94.

Lets fix this, based on experience!

>=20
> I propose to add some text to the draft RFC 7250 that extends RFC 6698
> by defining how raw public keys are stored in TLSA records.

In the chairs opinion that is a bad idea.=20

>=20
> My coauthors seem to prefer that we just ignore the entire issue,
> issue RFC 7250, and ignore the conflict between the two.  As someone
> who learned most of what I know about protocols (and the Internet)
> from reading Saint Jon Postel's clearly written RFCs, I would hate to
> inflict that on future readers.  We should not release documents that
> contain deliberate incompatabilities.

We wish that this had been detected sooner and a corresponding document =
was in=20
the publication queue, we are willing to commit to get this fix ASAP.=20

>=20
> We think RFC 7250 is ready to go except for this remaining issue.  It
> has been approved by the TLS WG, the IESG, the RFC Editor, and all the
> co-authors but me.
>=20
> Here's my proposed wording change for RFC 7520.  Improvements welcome.
> Start from this version:
>=20
>  https://www.rfc-editor.org/authors/rfc7250.txt
>=20
> Section 4.4.
> OLD (entire section):
>   When the TLS server has specified RawPublicKey as the
>   server_certificate_type, authentication of the TLS server to the TLS
>   client is supported only through authentication of the received
>   client SubjectPublicKeyInfo via an out-of-band method.
>=20
> NEW (entire section):
>   When the TLS server has specified RawPublicKey as the
>   server_certificate_type, authentication of the TLS server to the TLS
>   client is supported only through authentication of the received
>   client SubjectPublicKeyInfo via an out-of-band method.
>=20
>   In order to support out-of-band authentication via DANE [RFC6698],
>   this document extends the DANE TLSA record definition to allow such
>   records to describe raw public keys as well as PKIX [RFC5280]
>   certificates.  This extension does not define any new field values;
>   it merely defines how existing fields are processed when being
>   matched to raw public keys provided by TLS servers.
>=20
>   A raw public key is represented in a TLSA record by specifying a
>   certificate usage of 3 (domain-provided), a selector of 1
>   (SubjectPublicKeyInfo), and a matching type of 0.  The
>   SubjectPublicKeyInfo that holds the public key is placed in the
>   certificate association data.  Matching types other than 0 may also
>   be used, by placing the corresponding hash value into the
>   certificate association data.
>=20
>   DANE [RFC6698] section 1.3 is extended to say:
>=20
>      This document only applies to raw public keys and to PKIX
>      [RFC5280] certificates, not certificates of other formats.
>=20
>   DANE section 2.1.1 is extended to say:
>=20
>      The certificate usages 0, 1 and 2 defined in this document
>      explicitly only apply to PKIX-formatted certificates in DER
>      encoding [X.690].  If TLS allows other formats later, or if
>      extensions to this RRtype are made that accept other formats for
>      certificates, those certificates will need their own certificate
>      usage values.
>=20
>   In DANE section 2.1.1, in addition to the definition of certificate
>   usage 3 with TLS servers that use PKIX certificates, certificate
>   usage 3 may also be used with TLS servers that use raw public keys:
>=20
>      3 -- Certificate usage 3 is also used to specify a raw public key
>      that MUST match the raw public key presented by the server in
>      TLS.  When the TLS server provides a raw public key, there is no
>      PKIX certificate and no PKIX validation is done; the TLS
>      server's raw public key MUST match the raw public key provided in
>      the TLSA record.  This certificate usage is sometimes referred
>      to as "domain-issued" because it allows a domain administrator
>      to directly certify a domain's public keys.
>=20
> I believe that this wording reflects the up-to-now tacit consensus on
> how the DANE WG expects TLS raw public keys to be represented and
> processed in TLSA records.  In the absence of significant dissent or
> further improvements, I propose to provide the above updates to the
> RFC Editor and release the new RFC.
>=20
> 	John

We think this text is a good starting point, for the OPS document that =
will update RFC6698

The plan we propose is publish RFC7250 and push the fix out no later =
than right after the
IETF meeting in Toronto.=20

	Olafur & Warren=20


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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>>>>> "VD" == Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> writes:

VD> Suppose the only one that does is a "DANE-TA(2) Cert(0) SHA2-256(1)".
VD> What then?

The oob requesting client aborts.  And, perhaps, tries again w/o oob.

Or, if the client also groks oob-via-ldap, it uses the ldap info instead
of the tlsa.

I know (based on your posts) that you don't like that as a possible outcome.  
But for many it is not a big deal.

The RFCs do not need to demand that everyone avoid every possible corner
case.  They instead should explain what occurs when the corners are met.

It is not that we fail to understand the issue, we just don't mind the
possibility that an oob attempt might fail, even where a non-oob wouldn't.

If there are no tlsa records which could work, and if the client can
only do oob via dane, then it should avoid oob for that connection.

If it does not know how to extract an spki from a cert, and every tlsa
which might be for the ee is full cert, then again it should avoid oob.

But if any of the tlsa might be ok, there is nothing wrong with it
trying oob, just in case it might work.

-JimC
--
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


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References: <201405290805.s4T85HBT008757@new.toad.com> <76254E90-245A-4502-AFBE-74A3038BB08F@vpnc.org> <OFB1999EAD.836E27A5-ON85257CE8.0067D557-85257CEB.000B5F5E@us.ibm.com> <20140602022733.GK27883@mournblade.imrryr.org> <538C86C7.8000805@cs.tcd.ie> <20140602145215.GP27883@mournblade.imrryr.org> <20140602172922.GS27883@mournblade.imrryr.org> <alpine.LFD.2.10.1406030056500.19868@bofh.nohats.ca> <20140603130839.GY27883@mournblade.imrryr.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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>>>>> "VD" == Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> writes:

VD> It isn't.  I just wanted to spell it out.  DANE clients send SNI,
VD> even if when they use "oob public key".  As in my reply to John
VD> Gilmore, if everyone agrees this is obvious, it is not essential
VD> (but harmless, no?).

Just as a point of reference, SNI is irrelevant for all of my tls
servers and their tlsa records.

I'm sure I'm not alone in that.

So I also do not understand why the oob document(s) should need to say
anything about sni.

-JimC
--
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Tue, Jun 03, 2014 at 10:23:39PM -0400, James Cloos wrote:

> VD> Suppose the only one that does is a "DANE-TA(2) Cert(0) SHA2-256(1)".
> VD> What then?
> 
> The oob requesting client aborts.  And, perhaps, tries again w/o oob.
> 
> Or, if the client also groks oob-via-ldap, it uses the ldap info instead
> of the tlsa.
> 
> I know (based on your posts) that you don't like that as a possible outcome.  
> But for many it is not a big deal.

Authentication unnecessarily failing is indeed a big deal.  There isn't
always a user to click OK, and stateful fallback is a pain to get right
and opens up opportunities for downgrade attacks.

Unreliable authentication protocols that fail even when both sides
are doing everything right are broken by design.

Needless corner cases need to be rounded out.  I am willing to say
"SHOULD" rather than MUST, but otherwise, I am not giving up without
a better argument than "IETF security protocols sport broken corner
case by design" and we're used to it.  Just like we're used to
broken implementations I guess.  I am from a design and implementation
culture where we do it well, or not at all.

The onus to get this corner case avoided needs to be either on the
client or on the server.  The client-side solution is simpler:

    * Avoid "oob public key" negotiation when authentication is
      via DANE and TLSA records may require a full certificate.

The server-side solution is more complex:

    * When publishing any "3 1 X" TLSA records, always publish
      records that match the current leaf keys.  When transitioning
      to/from "3 1 X" TLSA RRs to other usage/selector pairs, change
      one thing at a time.  Either change the keys while keeping
      the set of usage/selector pairs fixed (publishing these for
      both new and old keys during the transition), or else keep
      the keys fixed and publish both new and old usage/selector
      combinations during the transition.

If the group strongly prefers the server-side approach, speak up.
Silence on the issue leads to security protocol implementations
that break for no good reason for a multiple of the TLSA RR TTL.

The OPS draft needs to advise the use of either or both of the
above approaches.

-- 
	Viktor.


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>>>>> "VD" == Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> writes:

Perhaps I worded poorly.  Trying again.

It is OK for some document -- esp if it is a BCP -- to say that doing
certain things can prove problemantic.

But even for a tls client which likes to try oob, and which only uses
dane to verify oob, it is not unreasonable to try oob and if it fails
try normal tls.  Without any need for user clicking, et alia.

That procedure should be rare; it SHOULD only occur when a destination
is changing from supporting oob to not supporting it, and even then
only if the dns got changed before the server's config.

OTOH, multiple types of tlsa can exist for servers which support both
oob and full cert clients.  Such servers may want to specify type 0,
1 or 2 for the full cert clients and type 3 for the oob clients.

I'm an example, in fact.  My web server has a paid cert for
compatibility reasons, and I publish a 111 for it.  Since I'm wasting
money on the cert, full-cert clients might as well pkix verify it.
But since I'm fine with oob, once that becomes available for my sw
I'd be happy to add a 311 to support it.  I'm certain other sites will
have similar objectives.

Avoiding oob in that case makes oob less useful than it might be.
Especially if oob-only clients show up.

Sites like goog may have the same ideas even for their MXs.

Because tlsa mis-configuration should be so rare, it also is OK for a
client which finds itself in such a circumstance to abort completely.
Oob-only clients will have to.

Either way, some alert -- popup, email, syslog, whatever -- is good.
But if the client prefers to retry w/o oob doing so generally should not
require user intervention.  The fact that it occurred is strong evidence
that the site is transitioning away from oob.

VD> Authentication unnecessarily failing is indeed a big deal.

But this particular case should be most unusual.

Most changeovers will follow the add-new-tlsa, change-server-config,
remove-old-tlsa pattern.  Telling clients never to try oob when multiple
tlsas are present means that transitions *to* oob would break if the
middle step is change-server-only-to-do-oob or add-oob-too.

I have no objection to a document explaining to server admins what is
likely to work and what is likely to fail.  And how each potential
failure is likely to present.  And although it seems like miniscule
should is enough when advising admins how best to deploy, I won't argue
against SHOULD in such a document.

But telling clients they cannot TRY, or even SHOULD NOT TRY, just
because a mis-configuration is possible, is too much.

Even if all of the tlsas *are* 31x, there is no guarantee any will
match.  That failure case is really no different than the no-ee-spki-
matches failure case, except that clients which can do both oob and
full could, in the latter case, fall back to full and try again.  That
also might fail.

I should note that I only just considerred the idea of oob-only.  I
think that I've edited that concept into the above missive, but I'm
way too tired to be sure.

-JimC
--
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


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Subject: [dane] tls oob vs tlsa 11x
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I just occurred to me that, given that oob is negotiated bewteen the
client and the server, that the oob concept is !pkix, and any
verification of the spki is conceptually identical, a tlsa 11x is just
as usable by an oob client as a 31x is.

It does not matter than a typical full cert client would do a pkix
verification on top of the tlsa verification when the tlsa is 11x.
The oob client *and server* have agreed not to bother with pkix,
so any ee-spki association is sufficient to verify the offerred spki.

In other words, by agreeing to oob, the server gives the client consent
to ignore any pki details about the verification.

Only tlsa 0 and 2, which do not dirrectly reference the ee, are really
unusable in the oob case.

So the proper language probably is something like:

  End-Entity SPKI association

via dane, ldap, firmare or any other pre-agreed method.

-JimC
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James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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Thanks Olafur,

Now that the DANE WG are going to address this issue,
I think that means that John can send his approval
for auth-48 for oob and we can move it forward.

Cheers,
S.


On 04/06/14 03:19, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
> 
> John, 
> Sorry for the top posting of our main arguments. 
> RFC7250 has shipped, please do not hold up the publication. 
> We need a quick turnaround to address the issues you identified below. 
> 
> As Wes Hardaker commented in a later message we have an “Dane uses and fixes” document in the
> queue and adding this to it is appropriate. (dane-ops) 
> <more comments inline plan at the bottom> 
> 
> On May 29, 2014, at 4:05 AM, John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com> wrote:
> 
>> The TLS Working Group is in the final stages of approving RFC 7250,
>> "Using Raw Public Keys in TLS/DTLS":
>>
>>  https://www.rfc-editor.org/authors/rfc7250.txt
>>
>> The draft modifies the TLS protocol to allow clients and servers to
>> negotiate and exchange types of authentication material other than
>> PKIX certificate chains, and defines a format for exchanging a raw
>> public key.  These public keys are authenticated "out of band",
>> outside the TLS protocol, for example by prior administration (in some
>> Internet-of-Things cases), or by the use of DANE.  Paul Wouters was
>> the main author, and the protocol and document were significantly
>> improved by several co-authors from the TLS WG.
>>
>> In reviewing the draft, I noticed that it doesn't ever describe how
>> you store such a public key in a TLSA record.  And the TLSA RFC 6698
>> explicitly specifies that TLSA records can ONLY store PKIX
>> certificates!  The relevant sections are:
>>
>> RFC 6698 Sec. 1.3:
>>
>>   This document only applies to PKIX [RFC5280] certificates, not
>>   certificates of other formats.
> 
> This is a major change and specifying how to do other certificate types 
> should go through the normal standards process. 
> DANE WG is happy to take that on, and this should be processed before we go on to DANE-bis document. 
> 
>>
>> RFC 6698 Sec. 2.1.1:
>>
>>   The certificate usages defined in this document explicitly only apply
>>   to PKIX-formatted certificates in DER encoding [X.690].  If TLS
>>   allows other formats later, or if extensions to this RRtype are made
>>   that accept other formats for certificates, those certificates will
>>   need their own certificate usage values.
>>
>> I remember fighting this fight in the DANE WG, and the result was
>> something along the lines of "We'll narrow the RFC now, and then
>> if-and-when raw public keys are approved by the TLS WG, then we'll
>> amend it to include them."  Well, the time has come.  Raw public keys
>> are approved by the TLS WG.  The trouble is that nobody has bothered
>> to amend the TLSA RFC, so the new draft RFC tells people "just use
>> DANE", but the DANE TLSA RFC says, "No you can't”.
> 
> Lets fix this, based on experience!
> 
>>
>> I propose to add some text to the draft RFC 7250 that extends RFC 6698
>> by defining how raw public keys are stored in TLSA records.
> 
> In the chairs opinion that is a bad idea. 
> 
>>
>> My coauthors seem to prefer that we just ignore the entire issue,
>> issue RFC 7250, and ignore the conflict between the two.  As someone
>> who learned most of what I know about protocols (and the Internet)
>> from reading Saint Jon Postel's clearly written RFCs, I would hate to
>> inflict that on future readers.  We should not release documents that
>> contain deliberate incompatabilities.
> 
> We wish that this had been detected sooner and a corresponding document was in 
> the publication queue, we are willing to commit to get this fix ASAP. 
> 
>>
>> We think RFC 7250 is ready to go except for this remaining issue.  It
>> has been approved by the TLS WG, the IESG, the RFC Editor, and all the
>> co-authors but me.
>>
>> Here's my proposed wording change for RFC 7520.  Improvements welcome.
>> Start from this version:
>>
>>  https://www.rfc-editor.org/authors/rfc7250.txt
>>
>> Section 4.4.
>> OLD (entire section):
>>   When the TLS server has specified RawPublicKey as the
>>   server_certificate_type, authentication of the TLS server to the TLS
>>   client is supported only through authentication of the received
>>   client SubjectPublicKeyInfo via an out-of-band method.
>>
>> NEW (entire section):
>>   When the TLS server has specified RawPublicKey as the
>>   server_certificate_type, authentication of the TLS server to the TLS
>>   client is supported only through authentication of the received
>>   client SubjectPublicKeyInfo via an out-of-band method.
>>
>>   In order to support out-of-band authentication via DANE [RFC6698],
>>   this document extends the DANE TLSA record definition to allow such
>>   records to describe raw public keys as well as PKIX [RFC5280]
>>   certificates.  This extension does not define any new field values;
>>   it merely defines how existing fields are processed when being
>>   matched to raw public keys provided by TLS servers.
>>
>>   A raw public key is represented in a TLSA record by specifying a
>>   certificate usage of 3 (domain-provided), a selector of 1
>>   (SubjectPublicKeyInfo), and a matching type of 0.  The
>>   SubjectPublicKeyInfo that holds the public key is placed in the
>>   certificate association data.  Matching types other than 0 may also
>>   be used, by placing the corresponding hash value into the
>>   certificate association data.
>>
>>   DANE [RFC6698] section 1.3 is extended to say:
>>
>>      This document only applies to raw public keys and to PKIX
>>      [RFC5280] certificates, not certificates of other formats.
>>
>>   DANE section 2.1.1 is extended to say:
>>
>>      The certificate usages 0, 1 and 2 defined in this document
>>      explicitly only apply to PKIX-formatted certificates in DER
>>      encoding [X.690].  If TLS allows other formats later, or if
>>      extensions to this RRtype are made that accept other formats for
>>      certificates, those certificates will need their own certificate
>>      usage values.
>>
>>   In DANE section 2.1.1, in addition to the definition of certificate
>>   usage 3 with TLS servers that use PKIX certificates, certificate
>>   usage 3 may also be used with TLS servers that use raw public keys:
>>
>>      3 -- Certificate usage 3 is also used to specify a raw public key
>>      that MUST match the raw public key presented by the server in
>>      TLS.  When the TLS server provides a raw public key, there is no
>>      PKIX certificate and no PKIX validation is done; the TLS
>>      server's raw public key MUST match the raw public key provided in
>>      the TLSA record.  This certificate usage is sometimes referred
>>      to as "domain-issued" because it allows a domain administrator
>>      to directly certify a domain's public keys.
>>
>> I believe that this wording reflects the up-to-now tacit consensus on
>> how the DANE WG expects TLS raw public keys to be represented and
>> processed in TLSA records.  In the absence of significant dissent or
>> further improvements, I propose to provide the above updates to the
>> RFC Editor and release the new RFC.
>>
>> 	John
> 
> We think this text is a good starting point, for the OPS document that will update RFC6698
> 
> The plan we propose is publish RFC7250 and push the fix out no later than right after the
> IETF meeting in Toronto. 
> 
> 	Olafur & Warren 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> dane mailing list
> dane@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dane
> 


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Wed, Jun 04, 2014 at 03:38:54AM -0400, James Cloos wrote:

> >>>>> "VD" == Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> writes:
> 
> Perhaps I worded poorly.  Trying again.
> 
> It is OK for some document -- esp if it is a BCP -- to say that doing
> certain things can prove problemantic.
> 
> But even for a tls client which likes to try oob, and which only uses
> dane to verify oob, it is not unreasonable to try oob and if it fails
> try normal tls.  Without any need for user clicking, et alia.
> 
> That procedure should be rare; it SHOULD only occur when a destination
> is changing from supporting oob to not supporting it, and even then
> only if the dns got changed before the server's config.

If implementors don't think the issue though, they might well fail
and not retry.  I've seen enough "naive" and "cargo cult" code in
this space to be skeptical of likely implementation quality in the
absence of specific guidance.  Thus the OPS BCP should provide
specific guidance, alerting implementors to the issue, and advising
them of the simplest solution (skip oob when somewhat likely to
fail and the client implements use of PKIX certs).

> OTOH, multiple types of tlsa can exist for servers which support both
> oob and full cert clients.  Such servers may want to specify type 0,
> 1 or 2 for the full cert clients and type 3 for the oob clients.

You may recall my observations about mixing models ("PKIX" vs.
"DANE").

> I'm an example, in fact.  My web server has a paid cert for
> compatibility reasons, and I publish a 111 for it.

You allowed to needlessly torment users whose trusted CA list does
not include your issuing CA. :-)

> Since I'm wasting
> money on the cert, full-cert clients might as well pkix verify it.

This rationale is generally flawed, because were DNSSEC compromised,
the attacker would replace your 111 with a 311 of his choice.  Thus
the "111" is only useful in applications that refuse to mix models,
and only honour PKIX usages.

It is hard to say what the right policy is for browser-oriented
web sites, there is no application-specific definition of how or
whether browsers are to implement DANE authentication.  RFC 6698
is a generic template for application protocols, and does not
define browser behaviour.

> But since I'm fine with oob, once that becomes available for my sw
> I'd be happy to add a 311 to support it.  I'm certain other sites will
> have similar objectives.

If you're publishing 311, you obviate the 111 record, unless in fact
some specification appears that mandates PKIX usages in browsers, in
which case your "311" would only apply to some other class of clients.

> Avoiding oob in that case makes oob less useful than it might be.
> Especially if oob-only clients show up.

For single-model clients (those that only support PKIX usages or
those that only support DANE usages) the TLSA RRs for the unsupported
model are "unusable".  I should perhaps have mentioned (and will
in the BCP) that one first discards "unusable" TLSA RRs and only
then considers whether the *remaining* RRs are "oob compatible". 

> Sites like goog may have the same ideas even for their MXs.

Well, for SMTP, their only choices are DANE-TA or DANE-EE.  There
is no reason to mix the two.  The rationale for DANE-TA is operational,
you get to decouple server certificate updates from DNS updates, no
DNS changes for server key rotation:

	_25._tcp.mx1.example.com. IN CNAME dane-ta._tlsa.examle.com.
	_25._tcp.mx2.example.com. IN CNAME dane-ta._tlsa.examle.com.
	...
	_25._tcp.mxN.example.com. IN CNAME dane-ta._tlsa.examle.com.
	dane-ta._tlsa.example.com. IN TLSA 2 0 1 {blob}

if one publishes "311" along with it, all the benefit is lost, and
there is no reason whatever to also publish the "2 0 1".

> Because tlsa mis-configuration should be so rare, it also is OK for a
> client which finds itself in such a circumstance to abort completely.
> Oob-only clients will have to.

I've not introduced "misconfiguration" as a use-case.  All the
corner cases were properly configured.  Servers that need to support
"oob only" clients will need to publish "311" records, if they do
so in combination with other records, only "oob only" clients will
negotiate "oob".  Oob-only clients will find all incompatible TLSA
RRs unusable.  They can't do what I suggest and negotiate X.509
certs, so they are out of scope.

> VD> Authentication unnecessarily failing is indeed a big deal.
> 
> But this particular case should be most unusual.
>
> Most changeovers will follow the add-new-tlsa, change-server-config,
> remove-old-tlsa pattern.  Telling clients never to try oob when multiple
> tlsas are present means that transitions *to* oob would break if the
> middle step is change-server-only-to-do-oob or add-oob-too.

This glosses over key details.  For servers that publish only "3
1 X" records, transitions from one set of "3 1 X" records to another
just change the number of "3 1 X" records seen, and nobody suspends
use of "oob".  The only time use of "oob" is discouraged for clients
that support both "oob" and not, is when the transition mixes
(usable) TLSA usage/selector combinations.

> I have no objection to a document explaining to server admins what is
> likely to work and what is likely to fail.  And how each potential
> failure is likely to present.  And although it seems like miniscule
> should is enough when advising admins how best to deploy, I won't argue
> against SHOULD in such a document.

I will expand the advice (already needed for key rotation and digest
agility) for servers that covers how to transition between old and
new key material or TLSA RR types.  The same "product set" approach
combined with "change one feature at a time" indeed reduces potential
impact on clients that implement or honour only a subset of the
published record types.

> But telling clients they cannot TRY, or even SHOULD NOT TRY, just
> because a mis-configuration is possible, is too much.

What you characterize as a misconfiguration is not, unless we define
new server-side obligations.  Transition states are not misconfigurations.

If you are suggesting that the strategy I have in mind for "safe"
TLSA RRset updates is be a mandate, we can discuss that.  If indeed
the server is obligated to avoid non product-set mixed states, then
clients can always expect each C/U/M combination to contain at
least one RR that matches the servers "active" chain.

I've never seen such a requirement stated in any DANE WG document.
I am open to defining such a requirement, and publishing a methodology
for transitions between parameter sets that never violates such a
requirement.

> Even if all of the tlsas *are* 31x, there is no guarantee any will
> match.

Now we're talking misconfiguration, that's the server's fault.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Subject: Re: [dane] tls oob vs tlsa 11x
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On Wed, Jun 04, 2014 at 03:48:36AM -0400, James Cloos wrote:

> I just occurred to me that, given that oob is negotiated bewteen the
> client and the server, that the oob concept is !pkix, and any
> verification of the spki is conceptually identical, a tlsa 11x is just
> as usable by an oob client as a 31x is.

This is a slippery slope.  In my original SMTP draft I had language
suggesting aumatic mapping PKIX-TA(0)->DANE-TA(2) and
PKIX-EE(1)->DANE-EE(3).  This was abandoned in favour of 0/1
undefined (likely "unusable") for SMTP and only 2/3 supported.

If the server operator wants PKIX checks, client-side overrides
should probably not be an RFC-defined behaviour.

Now it turns out that Postfix treats "0" as "unusable", but indeed
automatically maps "1" to "3", because as you observe "why not?".
However, I think such liberties should not be officially endorsed.

> It does not matter than a typical full cert client would do a pkix
> verification on top of the tlsa verification when the tlsa is 11x.
> The oob client *and server* have agreed not to bother with pkix,
> so any ee-spki association is sufficient to verify the offerred spki.

It would be better for such servers to publish "311" and be done.

> In other words, by agreeing to oob, the server gives the client consent
> to ignore any pki details about the verification.

> Only tlsa 0 and 2, which do not dirrectly reference the ee, are really
> unusable in the oob case.

> So the proper language probably is something like:
> 
>   End-Entity SPKI association
> 
> via dane, ldap, firmare or any other pre-agreed method.

If the WG collectively agree that non-PKIX clients are free to map
PKIX-EE(1) to DANE-EE(3) and that server operators can expect this
behaviour, then we still have time to ammend the SMTP draft, to
say that PKIX-EE(1) may be published but SHALL be treated as though
it were DANE-EE(3) by SMTP clients.

My view at this juncture is that such mappings should not be
expected, and are a matter of client implementation discretion.
If a client views PKIX-EE(1)/SPKI(1) as though it were DANE-EE(3)/SPKI(1)
then, that client obviously won't see any "oob" obstacles from any
associated RRs (of course PKIX-EE(1)/Cert(0) is still a potential
problem, barring new constraints the records servers should publish).

-- 
	Viktor.


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From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Wed, 4 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> (skip oob when somewhat likely to fail and the client implements use of PKIX certs).

It's not "likely to fail" when there is an exising "3 1 x" TLSA record
published!

>> Since I'm wasting
>> money on the cert, full-cert clients might as well pkix verify it.

And trust one of the 600 (give or take a 100) CAs to not be compromised?
I would argue that if you are using oob, but also want compatibility
with classic X.509 certificates, you should use the same "3 1 x" record,
and ignore all pkix verification.

the only reason to pick something else is if you want the trust anchor
to be a CA and not an EE cert. In which case, why are you doing
oob+dane?

> if one publishes "311" along with it, all the benefit is lost, and
> there is no reason whatever to also publish the "2 0 1".

You can still pin to a single CA for "classic x.509" and pin to a pubkey
for "oob". But you are right in that it is only postponing the
inevitable administration that is needed to publish just TLS public keys
and not legacy CAs.

> The only time use of "oob" is discouraged for clients
> that support both "oob" and not, is when the transition mixes
> (usable) TLSA usage/selector combinations.

Still don't see that :P

>> Even if all of the tlsas *are* 31x, there is no guarantee any will
>> match.
>
> Now we're talking misconfiguration, that's the server's fault.

Leaves me puzzled even more about what you _are_ trying to convey as
the requirement for not mixing "3 1 x" and other types.

Paul


From nobody Wed Jun  4 07:44:20 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Wed, Jun 04, 2014 at 10:22:33AM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:

> >(skip oob when somewhat likely to fail and the client implements use of PKIX certs).
> 
> It's not "likely to fail" when there is an exising "3 1 x" TLSA record
> published!

Sure it is, those record might match only a future or past server
key when other RR parameter combinations are also present.  Unless
we define such transitions as invalid, and publish server-operator
guidelines that place the burden on the server to avoid such states.

Is that the WG's preference?  I can strengthen the key rotation
guidelines in the OPs draft (looks like it is about to morph into
a standards track 6698 update) to require server operators to avoid
transition states in which any of the published C/U/M combinations
match only future or only past keys.  This requires some attention
to detail when updating TLSA RRs, and a tricky process when
switching from "311" to "201":

    1. 311 old self-signed leaf

    2. 311 old leaf + 311 new DANE-TA issued leaf  (wait for 1 to age out
       then deploy new cert chain).

    3. 201 new DANE-TA issued chain (previously published as 311 in step 2).

at each stage there are now C/U/M combinations that don't match
any "active" key.

> Leaves me puzzled even more about what you _are_ trying to convey as
> the requirement for not mixing "3 1 x" and other types.

Consider the above transition from a 311 self-signed cert to a
DANE-TA(2) issued cert, in which the server operator is in a hurry,
and we've not yet mandated the above process:

    1. 311 old self-signed leaf

    2. 311 old (still active) leaf + 201 planned TA

	(wait for 1 to age out, then activate new chain).

    3.  Drop 311 leaving only 201.

This this, "oob" clients lose at step 2 when the new chain is
activated, but the RRset has "311" only for obsolete keys and a
"201" for the active keys.  Note, this is not a "misconfiguration"
in any sense with respect to 6698, and is not a problem prior to
the introduction of "oob" negotiation.

-- 
	Viktor.


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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Wed, Jun 04, 2014 at 01:44:41PM +0000, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> If you are suggesting that the strategy I have in mind for "safe"
> TLSA RRset updates is be a mandate, we can discuss that.  If indeed
> the server is obligated to avoid non product-set mixed states, then
> clients can always expect each C/U/M combination to contain at
> least one RR that matches the servers "active" chain.

Sorry, the C/U/M abbreviation (created in error) is likely opaque.
I meant:

	U/S/M

	* U = usage
	* S = selector
	* M = matching type.

instead while thinking "certificate usage" I typed C/U/M.  It is
possible (with care) to ensure that server TLSA records always
contain at least one "active" record per U/S/M.  We can recommend
appropriate record management strategies to server operators.

That way no matter which subset of U/S/M values a client either
supports or elects to use, authentication will succeed.

If use of such strategies becomes a *requirement* (failure to do
so is a "misconfiguration), then I'm open to relaxing the client
"oob" constraints from "SHOULD NOT" (under list of conditions) to
"may choose not to" (under list of conditions just in case the
server fails to handle state transitions properly).  Clients that
decide to proceed with "oob" anyway (but are capable of handling
X.509 chains), should then retry without "oob" if authentication
fails.

If on the other hand servers are not required to enforce the above
requirement (each U/S/M contains an "active" record).  Then (under
list of conditions where server's chain is mixed, ...) clients
capable of both "oob" and not "oob" have no reason to go out of
their way to shoot themselves in the foot with "oob" and needing
to fall back.  The "oob" extension in that case is just a minor
optimization that is best skipped when potentially problematic.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Date: Thu, 5 Jun 2014 12:47:58 +0100
From: "Simon Arlott" <simon@arlott.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Wed, June 4, 2014 03:55, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 03, 2014 at 10:23:39PM -0400, James Cloos wrote:
> The onus to get this corner case avoided needs to be either on the
> client or on the server.  The client-side solution is simpler:
>
>     * Avoid "oob public key" negotiation when authentication is
>       via DANE and TLSA records may require a full certificate.

If at least one TLSA record is DANE-EE(3) then a full certificate
is not required for that record.

Why do you need to restrict the client behaviour when the other
currently defined record types are also present?

What is the intended behaviour of the oob-capable client when new
TLSA record types are defined? Do those records also cause it to
refuse to do OOB or does it ignore them?

-- 
Simon Arlott


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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Thu, Jun 05, 2014 at 12:47:58PM +0100, Simon Arlott wrote:

> On Wed, June 4, 2014 03:55, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> > On Tue, Jun 03, 2014 at 10:23:39PM -0400, James Cloos wrote:
> > The onus to get this corner case avoided needs to be either on the
> > client or on the server.  The client-side solution is simpler:
> >
> >     * Avoid "oob public key" negotiation when authentication is
> >       via DANE and TLSA records may require a full certificate.
> 
> If at least one TLSA record is DANE-EE(3) then a full certificate
> is not required for that record.

This is false.  Firstly because one cannot match a public key
against a "3 0 [12]" record.  Secondly, because during transitions
between old and new keys which don't preserve the U/S/M combinations
used (old key "3 0 1", new key "3 1 1" not yet deployed) some of the
TLSA records don't match the server's change, and this may be true
for all records with a particular U/S/M combination (until the new
key is deployed).

Due to DNS caching, keys rollover and TLSA record updates are not
synchronized.

> Why do you need to restrict the client behaviour when the other
> currently defined record types are also present?

Because I've written an i's dotted/t's crossed DANE implementation
and have thought through the details that many folks are glossing
over.  Some are with me on the fine details but suggest that the
client should instead fail and retry.  But then, clients need to
know that they should be prepared to retry without oob if they
prefer that for some reason to suppressing oob.

The text can offer clients a choice.

   * Suppress oob public keys when it might well lead to authentication
     failure with servers rolling over keys and the client can handle full
     cert chains.

  * Otherwise, be prepared for authentication to fail, and retry without
    "oob".

Predicated on the existence of "usable" records other than "3 1 X"
and possibly "3 0 0" if the client is prepared to use that with
oob.

Finally, the WG could decide that servers which publish U/S/M
combinations in their TLSA RRset that contain only future or only
past keys are "misconfigured", and that servers SHOULD NOT do that.
In that case arguably the burden to get this right is on the server
and the client can be let off the hook.

I will also add language to the ops draft explaining how servers
can avoid such problem TLSA records and that they SHOULD do so.
(or at least at that it is strongly RECOMMENDED that they do so).

The rationale is that servers have no knowledge of which combinations
of usages, selectors or matching types are unsupported, administratively
disabled or otherwise unavailable/ignored by the client.  The safest
assumption is that each U/S/M combination might be the only one
supported by a given client, and therefore should always match
current (not future or past) server keys.

Still, I am not sure that server operators will reliably "get the
memo".  And thus client caution is approriate where there is little
to lose by suppressing a minor TLS optimization.

> What is the intended behaviour of the oob-capable client when new
> TLSA record types are defined? Do those records also cause it to
> refuse to do OOB or does it ignore them?

No, "unusable" TLSA records (not recognized by the client that could
never be used for matching whether a full cert chain or a bare key
is negotiated) are ignored first.  The language in the ops draft
will spell this out.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Thu, 5 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> The text can offer clients a choice.
>
>   * Suppress oob public keys when it might well lead to authentication
>     failure with servers rolling over keys and the client can handle full
>     cert chains.

You'd have to carefully lay out which kind of failures, eg BOGUS versus
missing "3 1 x" TLSA record.

>  * Otherwise, be prepared for authentication to fail, and retry without
>    "oob".

It all seems local policy to me that does not need to be specified in
the document.

> Finally, the WG could decide that servers which publish U/S/M
> combinations in their TLSA RRset that contain only future or only
> past keys are "misconfigured", and that servers SHOULD NOT do that.

Why does the WG need to decide that? It's simply the case now?

AFAIK, all thoughout DANE the policy is "grab the TLSA RRset - if you
find no usable record, authentication fails".

No one prevents you from writing a TLS client that first checks for TLSA
"3 1 x" records usable for oob before starting a connection, and if you
fail to find these records to start TLS without the oob extension. The
problem I have is your desire to drop oob when finding a non-"3 1 x"
record AND a "3 1 x" record, and argue that the latter record "might be
incorrect and the server admin might not realise this when he updated
the other type of TLSA record and therefor we should not allow mixed
types ever".

> In that case arguably the burden to get this right is on the server
> and the client can be let off the hook.

I don't see why this is ever NOT the case.

> The rationale is that servers have no knowledge of which combinations
> of usages, selectors or matching types are unsupported, administratively
> disabled or otherwise unavailable/ignored by the client.  The safest
> assumption is that each U/S/M combination might be the only one
> supported by a given client, and therefore should always match
> current (not future or past) server keys.

For any set of X TLSA records of various types, to rollover you add a
matching X sets of TLSA records with the new pubkey/cert/chain record.

T=1 one set of TLSA records in DNS.
T=2 prepare new certs/pubkeys - add another whole st of TLSA records in DNS.
T=3 wait for 2x TTL
T=4 update the key/cert of the TLS server(s) - Take as long as you want
T=5 all TLS servers only have the new cert/key, so remove the old set from T=1 from DNS

Where in all of this MUST we say "should always match  current (not future or past) server keys."

> And thus client caution is approriate where there is little
> to lose by suppressing a minor TLS optimization.

That's your personal subjective value judgement. I would say, when the
operator publishes a TLSA record to match SPKI, they are working hard to
get rid of this legacy X.509 container disaster using a very important
new TLS extension.

Restricting the TLSA RRset or pro-actively dropping the oob extension
based on a mixture of TLSA U/S/M records is undesirable, and your
justification of "the admin might make an erorr" is an extremely weak
reason for it.

Paul


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Subject: Re: [dane] tls oob vs tlsa 11x
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> I[t] just occurred to me that, given that oob is negotiated bewteen the
> client and the server, that the oob concept is !pkix, and any
> verification of the spki is conceptually identical, a tlsa 11x is just
> as usable by an oob client as a 31x is.

Yes, in theory, any TLSA x 1 y record could be used to authenticate a
raw public key.  (That is, any record whose selector is "public key"
as opposed to "cert".)

But rather than defining that clients should expect such things, I
think the WG should first define a canonical representation for a raw
public key in a TLSA record, and require that "raw public key" clients
MUST support that representation.  This, then, will tell domain name
administrators what record format to use in the normal course of
publishing raw public keys with servers in their domain.

Then, as a separate and probably harder question, we should decide
what additional TLSA record formats that clients MUST, SHOULD, MAY, or
MUST NOT support.

	John


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Thu, Jun 05, 2014 at 01:51:27PM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:

> It all seems local policy to me that does not need to be specified in
> the document.

Leaving key implementation correctness details out of documents
leads to shoddy non-interoperable implementations.  The issues are
somewhat subtle, and clearly not obvious to many.  My plan is to
explain the issues and offer clients a choice.

> >Finally, the WG could decide that servers which publish U/S/M
> >combinations in their TLSA RRset that contain only future or only
> >past keys are "misconfigured", and that servers SHOULD NOT do that.
> 
> Why does the WG need to decide that? It's simply the case now?

No it is not.  Look at the verification logic in the appendix that
loops over all the records.  There is no expectation that every
TLSA RR reflects current reality, nor can there be.  All that's
required is that *at least one* TLSA record matches the server
chain.  To enable key rotation, some records will not, and there
is no guidance on how to do key rotation in a way that supports
all possible subsets of supported U/S/M values.

> AFAIK, all thoughout DANE the policy is "grab the TLSA RRset - if you
> find no usable record, authentication fails".

This leaves all the relevant details to the point of vacuous
irrelevance.  This is a subtle topic that requires attention to
detail.

> The problem I have is your desire to drop oob when finding a non-"3 1 x"
> record AND a "3 1 x" record, and argue that the latter record "might be
> incorrect and the server admin might not realise this when he updated
> the other type of TLSA record and therefore we should not allow mixed
> types ever".

Not just "might", will be incorrect a non-trivial fraction of the
time, unless we specify new server-side requirements.

> >In that case arguably the burden to get this right is on the server
> >and the client can be let off the hook.
> 
> I don't see why this is ever NOT the case.

Because there is nothing in any DANE document that encourages, let
alone obligates the server to ensure the necessary invariants.
Left to their devices server operators will publish the problematic
RRsets (which cause no obvious problems without "oob").

> For any set of X TLSA records of various types, to rollover you add a
> matching X sets of TLSA records with the new pubkey/cert/chain record.

Suppose the goal is to switch a TA-issued cert (previous self-signed)
and publish a DANE-EE(2) association, from a current "3 1 1" leaf
cert.  This can't be done while preserving the stated invariant
without a non-obvious intermideate stage in the DNS keys, because
the self-signed initial cert has no TA.

    Initial:

		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}

    Intermediate:

		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {EE association for new TA issued chain}

    [switch keys]

    Final:

		IN TLSA 2 0 1 {TA cert blob matching new chain}

While a simple key rotation looks like:

    Initial:

		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}

    Intermediate:

		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new EE blob}

    [switch keys]

    Final:

		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new EE blob}

> >And thus client caution is approriate where there is little
> >to lose by suppressing a minor TLS optimization.
> 
> That's your personal subjective value judgement. I would say, when the
> operator publishes a TLSA record to match SPKI, they are working hard to
> get rid of this legacy X.509 container disaster using a very important
> new TLS extension.

Most operators who publish "3 1 X" will publish *ONLY* "3 1 X" and
my oh-so-subtle comments won't apply.  The deployment of "oob" will
not be in any way reduced.  By making it safer to deploy "oob" (not
causing unnecessary outages) I am on your side.

> Restricting the TLSA RRset or pro-actively dropping the oob extension
> based on a mixture of TLSA U/S/M records is undesirable, and your
> justification of "the admin might make an erorr" is an extremely weak
> reason for it.

And yet you're simply wrong about that.  Somewhere, either the
client or the server or both need to do some non-obvious things
(that I plan to write down) to make sure DANE works reliably (always
when everyone does what's expected of them and written down).
Authentication protocols that fail in non-obvious corner-cases are
not progress.

The WG can help shift the balance of the burden to either the client
or the server.  My plan is encourage caution on both sides.  The
consequence of caution will be fewer users spending sleepless
nights debugging non-obvious problems while cursing the designers
of the fragile systems they've saddled with supporting.

-- 
	Viktor.


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From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Thu, 5 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> No it is not.  Look at the verification logic in the appendix that
> loops over all the records.  There is no expectation that every
> TLSA RR reflects current reality, nor can there be.  All that's
> required is that *at least one* TLSA record matches the server
> chain.

Right. Which is why you can have mixes of types/selectors/usage.

> Because there is nothing in any DANE document that encourages, let
> alone obligates the server to ensure the necessary invariants.
> Left to their devices server operators will publish the problematic
> RRsets (which cause no obvious problems without "oob").

TLSA records are not TLS client remote configuration records.

I think it is a bad idea to allow a TLSA record to modify TLS client
behaviour for TLS extensions. TLSA is to authenticate, not to configure.

> Suppose the goal is to switch a TA-issued cert (previous self-signed)
> and publish a DANE-EE(2) association, from a current "3 1 1" leaf
> cert.  This can't be done while preserving the stated invariant
> without a non-obvious intermideate stage in the DNS keys, because
> the self-signed initial cert has no TA.
>
>    Initial:
>
> 		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
>
>    Intermediate:
>
> 		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
> 		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {EE association for new TA issued chain}
>
>    [switch keys]
>
>    Final:
>
> 		IN TLSA 2 0 1 {TA cert blob matching new chain}

Why can't I do:

     Initial:
  		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
     Intermediate:
  		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
  		IN TLSA 2 0 1 {TA cert blob matching new chain}
     [switch keys]
     Final:
  		IN TLSA 2 0 1 {TA cert blob matching new chain}

The only requirement is to ensure old TLSA RRsets without the new
TLSA record do not live anywhere in cache anywhere when the new TLS
cert/key/chain is deployed on the server.

> Most operators who publish "3 1 X" will publish *ONLY* "3 1 X" and
> my oh-so-subtle comments won't apply.  The deployment of "oob" will
> not be in any way reduced.  By making it safer to deploy "oob" (not
> causing unnecessary outages) I am on your side.

Most operators who want to get rid of X.509 containers and uselessly
expiring X.509 certificates (Like Yahoo yesterday?) and wanting to
deploy oob will first use a DANE-EE SPKI on a full cert, and do any kind
of CA/TA based matching anyway?

>> Restricting the TLSA RRset or pro-actively dropping the oob extension
>> based on a mixture of TLSA U/S/M records is undesirable, and your
>> justification of "the admin might make an erorr" is an extremely weak
>> reason for it.
>
> And yet you're simply wrong about that.  Somewhere, either the
> client or the server or both need to do some non-obvious things
> (that I plan to write down)

I have no problem writing down the non-obvious. I just disagree with
your proposed TLS client behaviour.

I think we both understand each other's viewpoint. It's time for others
to chime in.

Paul


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Thu, Jun 05, 2014 at 02:56:19PM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:

> >Because there is nothing in any DANE document that encourages, let
> >alone obligates the server to ensure the necessary invariants.
> >Left to their devices server operators will publish the problematic
> >RRsets (which cause no obvious problems without "oob").
> 
> TLSA records are not TLS client remote configuration records.

That claim is not universal.  For a DANE-capable SMTP client TLSA
records actually set a bunch of TLS policy.  The "discovery" vs.
"lookup" non-issue.

> I think it is a bad idea to allow a TLSA record to modify TLS client
> behaviour for TLS extensions. TLSA is to authenticate, not to configure.

Authentication is behaviour.

> >without a non-obvious intermideate stage in the DNS keys, because
> >the self-signed initial cert has no TA.
> >
> >   Initial:
> >
> >		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
> >
> >   Intermediate:
> >
> >		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
> >		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {EE association for new TA issued chain}
> >
> >   [switch keys]
> >
> >   Final:
> >
> >		IN TLSA 2 0 1 {TA cert blob matching new chain}
> 
> Why can't I do:
> 
>     Initial:
>  		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
>     Intermediate:
>  		IN TLSA 3 1 1 {legacy EE blob}
>  		IN TLSA 2 0 1 {TA cert blob matching new chain}
>     [switch keys]
>     Final:
>  		IN TLSA 2 0 1 {TA cert blob matching new chain}

Well, now before the switch you have a "2 0 1" U/S/M with no active
keys.  A transition in the opposite direction would break with
"oob" clients because it would be the "3 1 1" that matches "future"
keys.  The safe version of the reverse change looks like:

  Initial:

	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {legacy TA blob}

  Intermediate:

        IN TLSA 3 1 1 {EE association for legacy TA issued chain}
	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {future EE blob}

  [switch keys]

  Final:

	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new EE blob}

Had the intermediate listed the original "2 0 1" for the legacy
chain, "oob" clients would lose.

> Most operators who want to get rid of X.509 containers and uselessly
> expiring X.509 certificates (Like Yahoo yesterday?) and wanting to
> deploy oob will first use a DANE-EE SPKI on a full cert, and do any kind
> of CA/TA based matching anyway?

Right, they'll publish "3 1 1", but for some time the actual TLS
handshake will exchange certs containing the SPKI, rather than bare
SPKI.  Eventually clients will start optimizing out the certs.

> >And yet you're simply wrong about that.  Somewhere, either the
> >client or the server or both need to do some non-obvious things
> >(that I plan to write down)
> 
> I have no problem writing down the non-obvious. I just disagree with
> your proposed TLS client behaviour.

First correct, then optimized.  Note the definition of "3 1 1"
already (once the SMTP and OPS drafts are adopted) largely ignores
the cert content (names and expiration, re Yahoo).  So the main
difference between now and a future client that uses bare keys is
that the server sends less data from which the client extracts the
SPKI (an optimization).

-- 
	Viktor.


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Comments: In-reply-to James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com> message dated "Wed, 04 Jun 2014 03:38:54 -0400."
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 15:27:14 -0700
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Subject: Re: [dane] Servers which offer RPK but have no TLSA records for that key
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> But even for a tls client which likes to try oob, and which only uses
> dane to verify oob, it is not unreasonable to try oob and if it fails
> try normal tls.

The TLS Raw Public Keys (RPK) draft RFC does not require clients to
retry failed negotiations.  If it should, we had better fix it very
soon, because it is a single approval from publication.

It requires that servers only select RPK if they actively have a key
usable with RPK (they send that key in the same message where they
select RPK).  It currently does not require clients to do the same.

But let's look closer at the protocol negotiation to see where it's
easiest to fix this situation.

Clients that lack software support for PKIX should never offer the
PKIX server certificate type in the TLS negotiation.  Clients that
lack software support for RPK should never offer to negotiate RPK
server certificates in the TLS negotiation.  This is
non-controversial, and is required by RFC 7250.

Should clients that lack any Trust Anchors never propose PKIX server
certificates?  Currently, such clients *do* negotiate PKIX and then prompt
the user to validate the certificate that arrived during the PKIX
negotiation.  (You can verify this by emptying your browser's list of
trust anchors and then accessing an TLS website.)

Should clients that lack any way to validate a RPK never propose RPK?
Since we have no such clients as yet, we could decide this.  For
example, a client may not have a preconfigured public key for this
server, but it may have a DNSSEC resolver and DANE support.  But when
it starts the TLS session, it will probably not know whether there are
any TLSA records that support Raw Public Keys.  It sends its server
certificate format options in the very first message in the TLS
exchange.  So, to positively know whether TLSA records exist and
support RPK, it would have had to begin and finish a DNSSEC TLSA
lookup, and evaluate the results with an eye toward RPK, before
beginning *every* TLS exchange it initiates.  I think we want to avoid
that.

Restating, the situation in question is when the client supports
DNSSEC and DANE, has TLS software support for both PKIX and RPK, and so
does the server, but the published TLSA records may not offer a way to
verify the RPK that the server sends.

In such a situation, Viktor proposes (if I understand his messages)
that the client should offer support for PKIX and RPK server
certificates; that the server should select RPK and send an RPK; that
the client should then do the TLSA lookup, the client should notice
that there is no way to authenticate the RPK it received, and then the
client should terminate the TLS exchange and retry, offering only PKIX
support.  This proposal adds a retry requirement that currently does
not exist in either the TLS RFC or the TLS RPK RFC.

My proposal to handle this situation is that the client should offer
support for PKIX and RPK server certificates; that the server should
select PKIX and send a PKIX certificate chain, the client should then
do the TLSA lookup, and that then the client should then validate the
certificate chain using the TLSA records.

This proposal treats the situation as a server misconfiguration.  If
the server will choose to negotiate RPK but does not have a TLSA
record published that can validate RPK, it is misconfigured.  Clients
are not required to retry in order to attempt to bypass server
misconfiguration.  Persistent client failure will (eventually) alert
the server operator to their error, and they will either fix the
TLS server to not offer a RPK, or will fix the domain to include TLSA
records that authenticate the server's RPK.

	John


From nobody Thu Jun  5 16:25:22 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Servers which offer RPK but have no TLSA records for that key
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On Thu, Jun 05, 2014 at 03:27:14PM -0700, John Gilmore wrote:

> The TLS Raw Public Keys (RPK) draft RFC does not require clients to
> retry failed negotiations.  If it should, we had better fix it very
> soon, because it is a single approval from publication.

I think that's OK.  It is just DANE authentication "RPK" clients
that need to be aware of the potential reduction in "usable" TLSA
RRs when negotiating "RPK" and either avoid negotiating "RPK" when
authentication might fail, or be willing to retry without "RPK".

Therefore, this seems like a rather DANE-specific issue, to be
defined in a DANE document for interoperability with "RPK", so it
is not obvious that the DANE-specific issues need to be explicitly
stated in the "oob mechanism" independent RPK docuemnt.

There are also timing subtleties, are TLSA records located before
the TLSA handshake or during the handshake once the server provides
key material.  If the latter (which I don't recommend for reasons
that are TMI for this thread), then the client can only retry, it
is too late to suppress RPK in the TLS HELLO.  The short version
is of course that for clients capable of X.509 server gymnastics,
if the TLSA lookup is delayed, then the client might discover
complete lack of any "3 1 X" (or whatever compatible U/S/M applies)
RRs, and will have to retry without RPK simply because the lookup
is too late.

Assuming clients that support both certs and RPK are not silly
about TLSA record lookup timing, the issue becomes moot if there
is a new published requirement on servers to ensure that every
U/S/M combination contains some record that matches the server's
current chain.  I assume there'll be some further discussion about
the merits and sufficiency of such a requirement on servers to
obviate complications for clients.

> Should clients that lack any Trust Anchors never propose PKIX server
> certificates?

No, because with DANE server certificates are not necessarily PKIX.
Usages 2/3 don't require any TAs on the client side.  The default
Postfix configuration ignores all system provided TAs, and the TA
list is empty, and yet we do DANE with "PKIX" certificate chains
validated via DANE-TA(2) or DANE-EE(3) TLSA RRs.

> Currently, such clients *do* negotiate PKIX and then prompt
> the user to validate the certificate that arrived during the PKIX
> negotiation.  (You can verify this by emptying your browser's list of
> trust anchors and then accessing an TLS website.)

With DANE, authentication of cert chains is possible without any
PKIX CAs.

> Should clients that lack any way to validate a RPK never propose RPK?

DANE makes it possible to validate RPK via DANE-EE(3)/SPKI(1)
associations.  However, there are some subtleties we need not
repeat the details of when the server TLSA RRset is "mixed".

> For
> example, a client may not have a preconfigured public key for this
> server, but it may have a DNSSEC resolver and DANE support.  But when
> it starts the TLS session, it will probably not know whether there are
> any TLSA records that support Raw Public Keys.

The tentative consensus here (DANE WG) appears to be that there is no
new TLSA RR type that represents an RPK-specific association.  Rather,

	DANE-EE(3) SPKI(1) MTYPE(0|1|2)

is equally usable to match a public key embedded in a certificate
or a raw public key.

> It sends its server
> certificate format options in the very first message in the TLS
> exchange.  So, to positively know whether TLSA records exist and
> support RPK, it would have had to begin and finish a DNSSEC TLSA
> lookup, and evaluate the results with an eye toward RPK, before
> beginning *every* TLS exchange it initiates.  I think we want to avoid
> that.

The DNS lookup is necessary, but the results can be cached for the
TTL in any local resolver, or the application, or both.  Postfix
caches TLSA RRs in the application (for the shorter of the TTL,
100 seconds, or the lifetime of the SMTP delivery agent).

> Restating, the situation in question is when the client supports
> DNSSEC and DANE, has TLS software support for both PKIX and RPK, and so
> does the server, but the published TLSA records may not offer a way to
> verify the RPK that the server sends.

[ Or in some corner cases, the client might not be able to tell
whether the server can be authenticated with RPK, unless we place
new requirements on the server.  We can for now collapse this into
the above case. ]

> In such a situation, Viktor proposes (if I understand his messages)
> that the client should offer support for PKIX and RPK server
> certificates;

No, that's not my proposal.

I am proposing that the client should have the TLSA records on hand
*before* the handshake, it will always need them after, and doing
the lookup (with whatever caching is applicable) earlier makes
things much easier.  Therefore, I am also proposing that the client
in fact NOT offer RPK to the server, if success to authenticate
the servers TLSA RRset with RPK is a proper subset of case in which
it succeeds had it negotiated PKIX certs instead.

Alternatively, (don't know why this is attractive) the client might
be willing to reconnect and retry.  Finally, if we define server
TLSA RRsets that put clients into this position as "misconfiguration",
then perhaps we can relieve clients of the burden.

> This proposal adds a retry requirement that currently does
> not exist in either the TLS RFC or the TLS RPK RFC.

I am not at all fond of retries.  I am guessing you're not either.

> My proposal to handle this situation is that the client should offer
> support for PKIX and RPK server certificates; that the server should
> select PKIX and send a PKIX certificate chain, the client should then
> do the TLSA lookup, and that then the client should then validate the
> certificate chain using the TLSA records.

You're saying that the server should know the sorry state of its
DNS TLSA RRs as seen by the client.  This is likely impractical.
Servers just have key material and do TLS handshakes they are
DNSSEC/DANE agnostic.  They have no idea what mechanism if any the
client is planning to use to authenticate the server's keys/certs.

> If
> the server will choose to negotiate RPK but does not have a TLSA
> record published that can validate RPK, it is misconfigured.

The sentiment is well motivated, but this is likely rather impractical.

> Clients
> are not required to retry in order to attempt to bypass server
> misconfiguration.

Again, at the moment, the problem cases are NOT server misconfiguration,
we'd have to define new server configuration requirements to make
it so.  Requirements that burden the server with knowing what
authentication mechanisms clients might be using and with knowing
how their DANE TLSA records are configured, ... are I think not realistic.

Requirements on the content of the TLSA RRs as published are an
option.  I am planning to write up said server requirements as
strong recommendations, but for the moment at least, also publish
client recommendations that scale back "opportunistic RPK" (use of
RPK when either RPK or PKIX are options) when it doubt.  This avoids
retries, and has little impact on use of RPK (in most cases servers
will have either no or only RPK-compatible TLSA RRs).

"Opportunistic RPK" clients should perform TLSA lookups before the
handshake.

> Persistent client failure will (eventually) alert
> the server operator to their error, and they will either fix the
> TLS server to not offer a RPK, or will fix the domain to include TLSA
> records that authenticate the server's RPK.

Perhaps, though initially the volume of clients failing will be
rather low, and server operators will blame the bleeding-edge
clients (it works for everyone else).

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Thu Jun  5 16:59:29 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: [dane]  RPK use-case high level problem statement
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Perhaps we can at least agree on the high-level problem statement:

    1. Some clients will support both X.509 and RPK TLS handshakes,
       and will opportunistically negotiate RPK as an optimization.

    2. Some subset of those clients with use DANE authentication to
       authenticate whichever of X.509 or RPK is negotiated.

    3. Some subset of servers will have TLSA RRsets during transition
       states, not currently defined as "misconfigured", such that
       X.509 DANE TLSA authentication works, but RPK DANE TLSA
       authentication fails, because the RPK-compatible TLSA RRs
       match only past or future keys.

    4. Somebody (client, server or both) should do something to avoid
       unnecessary application failure under the above conditions.

    5. We should probably write-up the potential problem cases,
       and spell out client and server responsibilities and strategies
       to avoid the problem cases.  Either client is conservative
       and avoids opportunistic RPK, or server avoids publishing
       potentially problematic RRsets or both.  We should probably
       not recommend "retries" see [Footnote], but for some clients
       retries might be a viable strategy.

-- 
	Viktor.

Footnote:

    Client retries will typically be futile, because a DANE authentication
    failure with RPK for past/future keys cannot be distinguished from
    other reasons for the server keys not matching.  Clients that retry
    will often fail to authenticate even after negotiating the use of
    X.509 keys.

    Retries are also difficult to hide in client libraries, because
    often connection management is done by the application, while
    the TLS protocol engine is handled by a suitable library.  Thus
    applications will have to be willing to retry, and somehow know
    to tell the library to avoid RPK the second time around.
    Connection setup can be expensive, and reconnection difficult.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Comments: In-reply-to Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com> message dated "Tue, 03 Jun 2014 22:19:20 -0400."
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 17:21:44 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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> Sorry for the top posting of our main arguments. 
> RFC7250 has shipped, please do not hold up the publication. 
> We need a quick turnaround to address the issues you identified below. 
> 
> As Wes Hardaker commented in a later message we have an “Dane uses and fixes” document in the
> queue and adding this to it is appropriate. (dane-ops) 

Today I read the dane-ops-03 document.  The latest is from February,
which seems rather old.  Also, it is designed to be a Best Current
Practice, and it does not update the DANE TLSA RFC 6698.

It has been argued by an RFC 6698 co-author that only an RFC which
"Updates: 6698" and goes through "the IETF community" and the DANE WG
can amend the strong statements in RFC 6698 that invalidate any
DANE protocol use that doesn't involve PKIX.  He said:
> Under no circumstances should RFC 6698 be updated in the fashion
> that John suggests below. The IETF community did not have an
> opportunity to review the proposed changes, the draft in question
> never mentioned that it would update RFC 6698, and the DANE WG was
> only informed of this during AUTH48.
>
> The authors could, and should, simply do a short Internet Draft that
> updates RFC 6698. Many / most of us would support that.

The Dane-Ops Draft doesn't meet these criteria.  So, either that
co-author would have to recant his previously expressed stance in
order to resolve the "TLSA for raw public keys" issue in the Dane-Ops
Draft; or else Dane-Ops would have to become a standards-track
protocol spec, not a BCP.  Perhaps if the WG agrees with this
co-author, the only thing is to ignore Dane-Ops and instead write a
new 2-page Internet-Draft.

Also, various people in the DANE WG have different ideas on how to
represent Raw Public Keys (RPKs) in TLSA records, what operational
constraints to put on TLSA records involving RPKs, and even how the
TLS protocol itself should evolve to require retries when using
RPKs. It seems a bit too early to say, "just release RFC 7250, it
won't need any more changes" when these issues have not been resolved,
nor even extensively explored.

I thought that we had consensus that just publishing a "3 1 x" key
would suffice, but it has become clear that others have very different
ideas, including "4 1 x" records, "1 1 x" records, etc.

I think that the real stumbling block here is the attitude that "DANE
is only for PKIX", which some WG participants came in with, which was
embedded into what became the primary DANE RFC (TLSA RFC 6698), and
which some continue to argue for.  Until and unless that attitude
is definitively repudiated by the WG in toto, I suspect that we will
continue to have problems reaching consensus whenever any IETF member
tries to use DNSSEC for a protocol (like Raw Public Keys) that does
not use PKIX certificates.

	John


From nobody Thu Jun  5 18:11:35 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Thu, Jun 05, 2014 at 05:21:44PM -0700, John Gilmore wrote:

> Today I read the dane-ops-03 document.  The latest is from February,
> which seems rather old.  Also, it is designed to be a Best Current
> Practice, and it does not update the DANE TLSA RFC 6698.

Indeed, sorry about that, since just before London, we've focused
primarily on the SMTP draft, to the detriment of progress on the
ops draft.  Cycles were limited.  This is about to change...

In particular the ops draft will shortly be revived from limbo,
changed to standards track and will update 6698.

> Also, various people in the DANE WG have different ideas on how to
> represent Raw Public Keys (RPKs) in TLSA records, what operational
> constraints to put on TLSA records involving RPKs, and even how the
> TLS protocol itself should evolve to require retries when using
> RPKs. It seems a bit too early to say, "just release RFC 7250, it
> won't need any more changes" when these issues have not been resolved,
> nor even extensively explored.

You'll find that there is little support for RPK formats other than
"3 1 X", despite a small number of suggestions to the contrary.  A
consensus around "3 1 X" is I think a safe bet.

It is also not clear that "RPK" is fundamentally dependent on an
extant definition of how it is to be used with out of band DANE
authentication.  The base specification it seems is mechanism
neutral.  So the specifics of associated TLSA RR formats are only
an issue for DANE clients, thus not unreasonably defined in a
related new DANE WG document.

> I think that the real stumbling block here is the attitude that "DANE
> is only for PKIX",

That may be true of some past history, but I've seen very little
of that here in the last year a bit that I've been active in this
group.  DANE is not only for PKIX, but RFC 6698 as it stands does
not currently describe associations to objects other than X.509
certificates.  We'll address extending the definition to RPK in
the ops draft, or a separate document if there's a strong preference
for that.  Since some of the content would overlap with related
material in the ops draft, I'd prefer to not split this out.

> Until and unless that attitude
> is definitively repudiated by the WG in toto, I suspect that we will
> continue to have problems reaching consensus whenever any IETF member
> tries to use DNSSEC for a protocol (like Raw Public Keys) that does
> not use PKIX certificates.

We should not confuse the circumscribed scope of 6698, which looks
today to be more a matter of caution to not overreach, rather than
any specific bias in favour of a particular key management approach.

There could have been some players who during the development of
6698 had an agenda in one direction or another, but the document
itself is at worst too narrow, rather than biased.

It also does not consider the opportunistic use-case and various
other issues that would probably have further delayed adoption.

RPK via "3 1 X" is a natural extension of 6698 to include in a 6698
update.  If new certificate usages are needed in the future for
more radically different use-cases, these can be added in separate
documents or in any future comprehensive updates.

Bottom line, I've not run into any difficulties agenda-driven
conspiracies here yet.  I'd like to add RPK support to Postfix at
some point, once code for this is available (in OpenSSL).

You'll likely find more resistance to RPK from some of the various
toolkit maintainers (of OpenSSL, NSS, GnuTLS, ...) than on the DANE
WG, where I expect RPK has a decent body of support.  Like RPK DANE
TLSA is a departure from the established order, and the two share
common use-cases.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Comments: In-reply-to Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> message dated "Thu, 05 Jun 2014 19:25:33 -0000."
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 18:22:43 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
Archived-At: http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/dane/-_qH9rcAsL8LHMqP8mn2_tvtQG8
Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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> The safe version of the reverse change looks like:
[I believe he's referring to upgrading a site from a TA-certified key to an
end-entity-certified key.]
> 
>   Initial:
> 
> 	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {legacy TA blob}
> 
>   Intermediate:
> 
>         IN TLSA 3 1 1 {EE association for legacy TA issued chain}
> 	  IN TLSA 3 1 1 {future EE blob}
> 
>   [switch keys]
> 
>   Final:
> 
> 	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new EE blob}
> 
> Had the intermediate listed the original "2 0 1" for the legacy
> chain, "oob" clients would lose.

I don't understand this assertion.  Viktor, why would "oob" (RPK)
clients lose (fail?) if the domain name also included a TLSA 2 0 1
record?  My belief is that the RPK client would ignore that 2 0 1
record, either because the client doesn't implement PKIX, or because
the client is in the middle of an RPK TLS transaction and that record
is not relevant to that transaction.

This seems to be the central puzzle in trying to understand your
concerns with mixing RPK and PKIX TLSA records, so if you could
clearly explain why you think this case fails, it would help.

	John


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Comments: In-reply-to Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> message dated "Thu, 05 Jun 2014 23:25:09 -0000."
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 18:30:11 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
Archived-At: http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/dane/uJu1r4xja-puBjt2qzlyV2b_1MY
Subject: Re: [dane] Servers which offer RPK but have no TLSA records for that key
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> You're saying that the server should know the sorry state of its
> DNS TLSA RRs as seen by the client.  This is likely impractical.
> Servers just have key material and do TLS handshakes they are
> DNSSEC/DANE agnostic.  They have no idea what mechanism if any the
> client is planning to use to authenticate the server's keys/certs.

I agree that the server software should not be trying to figure out
"TLSA RRs as seen by the client".  The server may not have access to
the same DNS servers as the client.  The best that we can ask is
that the system administrator of the server "keeps in mind" the
public configuration of the TLSA records that relate to the server.

I would be surprised to hear anyone in this group claiming that the
TLS server can be configured completely independently of the TLSA
records published in its domain.  In particular, the keys used in the
TLSA records and in the TLS server have to be coordinated so that they
match.  If they are not coordinated, DANE will never work with that
TLS server.

So, given that the people who configure the server must already know
whether their domain is publishing TLSA records that authenticate
their PKIX certificate, why is it such a stretch for the people who
configure the server to also know whether their domain is publishing
TLSA records that authenticate an RPK used by the server?

	John


From nobody Thu Jun  5 18:41:05 2014
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Comments: In-reply-to Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> message dated "Thu, 05 Jun 2014 15:11:45 -0000."
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 18:40:54 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
Archived-At: http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/dane/_umKqDdYPeOYYsyfHBzJjRV15QE
Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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> Finally, the WG could decide that servers which publish U/S/M
> combinations in their TLSA RRset that contain only future or only
> past keys are "misconfigured", and that servers SHOULD NOT do that.

I don't understand how any crypto protocol can succeed when it
authenticates only past or future keys, not the keys in present use.

Can you explain why you think such a server is NOT misconfigured?  Or
perhaps you will agree that this is misconfiguration, but you think
that for some reason that you can state, many people will foolishly
misconfigure their servers this way, such that the protocol should
gracefully handle that "common misconfiguration" case?

Struggling to understand,

	John


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References: <20140602022733.GK27883@mournblade.imrryr.org> <538C86C7.8000805@cs.tcd.ie> <20140602145215.GP27883@mournblade.imrryr.org> <20140602172922.GS27883@mournblade.imrryr.org> <alpine.LFD.2.10.1406030056500.19868@bofh.nohats.ca> <20140603130839.GY27883@mournblade.imrryr.org> <m3ppip5s57.fsf@carbon.jhcloos.org> <20140604025535.GJ27883@mournblade.imrryr.org> <m3bnu93yzc.fsf@carbon.jhcloos.org> <201406052227.s55MREBT016220@new.toad.com> <20140605232509.GQ27883@mournblade.imrryr.org>
Comments: In-reply-to Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> message dated "Thu, 05 Jun 2014 23:25:09 -0000."
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 18:54:08 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
Archived-At: http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/dane/nyUQhQnZe4LAioCzO-CeFFBUKq0
Subject: Re: [dane] Servers which offer RPK but have no TLSA records for that key
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> There are also timing subtleties, are TLSA records located before
> the TLSA handshake or during the handshake once the server provides
> key material.  If the latter (which I don't recommend...

It is my belief that the reason we have no web browsers that support
DANE is because it would likely reduce the latency of web transactions
that involve https.  Browser vendors compete on how quickly they can
go from the user typing "eff.org" to showing the EFF home page.  They
use all kinds of tricks (like doing DNS lookups on the part before the
first slash, while the user is still typing the rest of the URL; or
matching on the URLs of previous visits from this browser), to reduce
that latency.

If clients that support DANE and RPK require that a full DNSSEC TLSA
lookup begins and ends before the client can start any TLS negotiation
-- even to sites that are not using raw public keys -- then this
latency will increase.  Which means even less chance of practical
adoption of DANE (and less chance of practical adoption of RPK) in the
real world web browsers.

That's why I am trying to avoid such a requirement.  DANE is a good
idea, but to the extent that we require them to be slower than the
currently widespread TLS implementations, DANE may never be adopted in
realtime clients that have a user watching them run.

	John


From nobody Thu Jun  5 19:13:33 2014
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Comments: In-reply-to Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> message dated "Thu, 05 Jun 2014 23:59:16 -0000."
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 19:13:24 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
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Subject: Re: [dane] RPK use-case high level problem statement
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> Perhaps we can at least agree on the high-level problem statement:
> 
>     1. Some clients will support both X.509 and RPK TLS handshakes,
>        and will opportunistically negotiate RPK as an optimization.

Agreed.

>     2. Some subset of those clients with use DANE authentication to
>        authenticate whichever of X.509 or RPK is negotiated.

Agreed (s/with/will/).

>     3. Some subset of servers will have TLSA RRsets during transition
>        states, not currently defined as "misconfigured", such that
>        X.509 DANE TLSA authentication works, but RPK DANE TLSA
>        authentication fails, because the RPK-compatible TLSA RRs
>        match only past or future keys.

I do not agree with this and am still awaiting a communication from
you about why you think this will occur.  Normally, key transitions
are done by moving from publishing "current" keys, to "current/future"
keys by adding the future keys.  Those then become "past/current" keys
when the server's key itself changes, and then are moved to "current"
keys by dropping the past keys.

At no point do the TLSA records in a key rollover include only
"past/future" keys.  TLS would fail if they did so.

>     4. Somebody (client, server or both) should do something to avoid
>        unnecessary application failure under the above conditions.

Disagree, based on not seeing why 3 is anything but a mistake made
by naive or unskilled administrators.

>     5. We should probably write-up the potential problem cases,
>        and spell out client and server responsibilities and strategies
>        to avoid the problem cases.  Either client is conservative
>        and avoids opportunistic RPK, or server avoids publishing
>        potentially problematic RRsets or both.  We should probably
>        not recommend "retries" see [Footnote], but for some clients
>        retries might be a viable strategy.

I thought we had already done that by explaining in detail how to do
key rollovers.  See Appendix A.4 of RFC 6698.  If you try to change 
keys and you do it wrong, your service will become inaccessible.  The
cure is to do it right, not to contort the protocol.

PS- you do the same rollover process when changing the "A" record of
your server.  This is not specific to TLSA, DANE, DNSSEC, or RPK.
Would you argue that the protocol should somehow accommodate
administrators who, while trying to change their A record from 1.2.3.4
to 5.6.7.8, somehow foolishly publish 1.2.3.4 and 9.10.11.12?  Of
course when the server at 1.2.3.4 goes down, all attempts to connect
will be broken.  The server at 5.6.7.8 will be sitting there ready,
but nobody will connect to it.  There is no recovery until the "A"
records are corrected.  The TLSA situation is directly analogous.

	John


From nobody Thu Jun  5 19:31:25 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Thu, Jun 05, 2014 at 06:40:54PM -0700, John Gilmore wrote:

> > Finally, the WG could decide that servers which publish U/S/M
> > combinations in their TLSA RRset that contain only future or only
> > past keys are "misconfigured", and that servers SHOULD NOT do that.
> 
> I don't understand how any crypto protocol can succeed when it
> authenticates only past or future keys, not the keys in present use.

Not *only*, rather concurrently both present and either past or
future keys (possibly all three, but that's generally unnecessary).

> Can you explain why you think such a server is NOT misconfigured?

During administrative changes in the TLSA RRset, given the asynchronous
nature of DNS data propagation, one needs to insert future data before
removing present data.  Once the new keys are in place, one can remove
past data.  At various stages clients see one of:

	* (old) present
	* (old) present + (new) future
	* (old) past + (new) present
	* (new) present

No *proper* subset of the TLSA RRs is currently mandated to contain
a record matching the server chain.  Only the *complete* RRset of
a correctly configured server must contain *at least one* matching
record.  If the usage/selector/mtype combinations for "old" and
"new" chains are not identical (one to one correspondence) then a
client that employs a proper subset of the TLSA RRs (say because
RPK is only capable of matching "3 1 X"), then it might be that
this subset contains only past or only future keys and authentication
fails.

> Or
> perhaps you will agree that this is misconfiguration, but you think
> that for some reason that you can state, many people will foolishly
> misconfigure their servers this way, such that the protocol should
> gracefully handle that "common misconfiguration" case?

No it is not misconfiguration as currently defined.  We could
publish operational requirements that make it a misconfiguration
or at least a violation of best practice.

Is that enough for clients to throw caution to the wind and assume
consistent BCP TLSA RR practices on the server side?  Perhaps it
is safer for the client to forgo an optimization and just negotiate
X.509 in some edge cases that will be rare, but not unlikely
enough to not cause people real support issues.

The best example for PRK is a transition from a current "2 0 1" TLSA
RRs to future "3 1 1" RR.  The administrator needs to know to do:

    Initial:
	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {old TA}

    Intermediate:
	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {switch to old leaf}
	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new leaf}

    Final:
	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new leaf}

rather than the more naively obvious:

    Initial:
	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {old TA}

    Intermediate:
	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {old TA}
	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new leaf}

    Final:
	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new leaf}

because here, until the new leaf is deployed after the original
TTL expires, PRK clients might conclude that it is safe to use PRK,
but it is not because the server's current (old) key can't be
matched via an EE SPKI association.

Asking the server operator to disable PRK (which be negotiated
automatically in some toolkit whenever the client asks just because
the server also has the feature) when the published TLSA records
might not be PRK friendly is I think a greater burden than asking
for care in how DNS records are updated.

This is an operational issue for both client and server, someone
has to do the heavy lifting.  I think the client should not be
entirely off the hook, because PRK for clients that support both
X.509 and PRK is an optional optimization.

The impact will be low, because servers that support "3 1 X" will
most often only support "3 1 X", and the "mixed" RRsets will be
very rare.

-- 
	Viktor.


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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] RPK use-case high level problem statement
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On Thu, Jun 05, 2014 at 07:13:24PM -0700, John Gilmore wrote:

> >     3. Some subset of servers will have TLSA RRsets during transition
> >        states, not currently defined as "misconfigured", such that
> >        X.509 DANE TLSA authentication works, but RPK DANE TLSA
> >        authentication fails, because the RPK-compatible TLSA RRs
> >        match only past or future keys.
> 
> I do not agree with this and am still awaiting a communication from
> you about why you think this will occur.  Normally, key transitions
> are done by moving from publishing "current" keys, to "current/future"
> keys by adding the future keys.  Those then become "past/current" keys
> when the server's key itself changes, and then are moved to "current"
> keys by dropping the past keys.

Done under separate cover.  Some key rotation scenarios involve
changes from TA issued keys to self-issued keys or the converse.

Or sometimes even simply a change from "3 0 1" with old keys to
a deliberate "3 1 1" with new keys (to make them RPK compatible).


> At no point do the TLSA records in a key rollover include only
> "past/future" keys.  TLS would fail if they did so.

The total set of TLSA RRs indeed always contains present keys when
the server is not misconfigured.  But there is (today) no guarantee
that the "3 1 X" subset of the TLSA RRset contains any present
keys.  I am proposing to document this issue.  We've not yet agreed
on who's responsible for the work-around (client, server, both).

-- 
	Viktor.


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Subject: Re: [dane] RPK use-case high level problem statement
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>>>>> "VD" == Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> writes:

VD>     3. Some subset of servers will have TLSA RRsets during transition
VD>        states, not currently defined as "misconfigured", such that
VD>        X.509 DANE TLSA authentication works, but RPK DANE TLSA
VD>        authentication fails, because the RPK-compatible TLSA RRs
VD>        match only past or future keys.

Now I see why/where we disagree.

In the case where the server's current key cannot be verified by a RPK-
compatible TLSA, and where the server publishes TLSA at all, it is a
mis-configuration to permit the server to negotiate RPK.

Just because a client sends the RPK extension does not mean that the
server must or will agree.

If the admin knows that no published RPK-compatible TLSA will verify the
key which the server currently would send to an RPK client, said admin
SHOULD configure the server to refuse the RPK extension.

Servers which expect their RPK clients to authenticate the SPKI via LDAP
or pre-shared knowledge SHOULD NOT publish TLSA which cannot verify the
current SPKI without also publishing TLSA which can do so.  (This is why
the last paragraph is only a SHOULD rather than a MUST.)

Servers which expect their RPK clients to authenticate the SPKI via TLSA
MUST publish at least one TLSA which can verify the current SPKI.

It seems extremely unlikely to me that, as RPK support is added to the
various TLS libraries, that it will be enabled by default.  It is vastly
more likely that explicit configuration will be required by any server
software to enable support for RPK.  Perhaps even requiring that the
SPKI to be sent to RPK clients be in a file outside of any 509 container,
rather than auto-extracted as needed.

The likelyhood, therefore, of servers suddenly negotiating RPK unbeknownst
to their admins is negligible.  Admins who want to enable RPK and want to
support DANE verification of the bare SPKIs should be expected always to
include a suitable record in their TLSA set.

-JimC
--
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


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Date: Fri, 6 Jun 2014 12:56:07 +0100
From: "Simon Arlott" <simon@arlott.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] RPK use-case high level problem statement
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On Fri, June 6, 2014 03:37, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> On Thu, Jun 05, 2014 at 07:13:24PM -0700, John Gilmore wrote:
>> At no point do the TLSA records in a key rollover include only
>> "past/future" keys.  TLS would fail if they did so.
>
> The total set of TLSA RRs indeed always contains present keys when
> the server is not misconfigured.  But there is (today) no guarantee
> that the "3 1 X" subset of the TLSA RRset contains any present
> keys.  I am proposing to document this issue.  We've not yet agreed
> on who's responsible for the work-around (client, server, both).

If a server operator is moving from RPK-only to PKIX-only then they
MUST (with all the necessary TTL considerations for each step):
1. Add support for PKIX on the server and in the TLSA RRs
2. Remove support for RPK in the TLSA RRs
3. Remove support for RPK on the server

In my opinion the server operator is responsible. They also MUST NOT
provide support for RPK unless they have configured SPKI TLSA RRs,
otherwise a PKIX+RPK client will prefer RPK and fail.

-- 
Simon Arlott


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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] RPK use-case high level problem statement
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On Fri, Jun 06, 2014 at 02:54:01AM -0400, James Cloos wrote:

> >>>>> "VD" == Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> writes:
> 
> VD>     3. Some subset of servers will have TLSA RRsets during transition
> VD>        states, not currently defined as "misconfigured", such that
> VD>        X.509 DANE TLSA authentication works, but RPK DANE TLSA
> VD>        authentication fails, because the RPK-compatible TLSA RRs
> VD>        match only past or future keys.
> 
> Now I see why/where we disagree.
> 
> In the case where the server's current key cannot be verified by a RPK-
> compatible TLSA, and where the server publishes TLSA at all, it is a
> mis-configuration to permit the server to negotiate RPK.
> 
> Just because a client sends the RPK extension does not mean that the
> server must or will agree.

Indeed I was/am expecting some TLS implementations to automatically
negotiate RPK and use keys extracted from the leaf certificate (far
simpler in mixed environments than configuring separate bare SPKI
objects).  If RPK only gets enabled:

    * Toolkit implements RPK, off by default
    * Application enables RPK support, off by default
    * Administrator enables RPK (when not in conflict with TLSA, ...)

Then it will take quite some time before there's any noticeable
RPK deployment even in the presence of DANE TLSA records than can
authenticate RPK.  The alternative model is:

    * Toolkit implements RPK, on by default in servers.
    * Application may be updated to allow disabling of RPK support.
    * Server administrator publishes "3 1 X" TLSA RRs.
    * Client sees "pure" "3 1 X" TLSA RRset, enables RPK, and off we go.

The extension deploys itself "organically" as implementations are
adopted.  However, if that's the model, then TLSA RRset transitions
need to be managed with care, or clients should be cautious when
automaticaly enabling RPK or better yet both.

I am planning to *recommend* a server BCP of "make sure each and
every U/S/M matches a current keyset" strategy anyway, there are
non-RPK reasons to do that anyway.

So the question with respect to RPK is whether it is:

    * The server's responsibility to only enable it while publishing
    compatible TLSA records (assuming the server publishes TLSA
    records), leading to much slower RPK deployment, but closing
    the "mixed TLSA" exposure.

OR

    * The server's responsibility to carefully publish TLSA records
    in such a way that no U/S/M subset is purely past/future, also
    closing the exposure.

OR

    * The client's responsibility to be cautious in the face of
      "mixed" TLSA records.

If the consensus is that PRK enablement in server applications
needs to be explicit, and it needs to be off by default, then this
should I think be published in the new RPK RFC.  Toolkit implementors
adding server-sie code for the extension need to know that it is not
safe to enable by default.

> It seems extremely unlikely to me that, as RPK support is added to the
> various TLS libraries, that it will be enabled by default.  It is vastly
> more likely that explicit configuration will be required by any server
> software to enable support for RPK.  Perhaps even requiring that the
> SPKI to be sent to RPK clients be in a file outside of any 509 container,
> rather than auto-extracted as needed.

I don't want to rely on happy accidents, if it is not spelled out,
all bets are off.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Fri, 6 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> You'll find that there is little support for RPK formats other than
> "3 1 X", despite a small number of suggestions to the contrary.  A
> consensus around "3 1 X" is I think a safe bet.

It is not a safe bet. We only need one external requirement, like PCI-DSS
or the EV consortium to start dictating one has to publish and match a
full certificate to get their goodies like a green url bar. Then you
would need a mix of TLSA types to support both the PKIX/CABforum/EV
universe and raw public keys. And by not allowing that, or by stating
a mixed TLSA RRset means sacrificing raw public keys, the result would
force everyone to be stuck with full PKIX validation.

In other words, your 'optimization' can be harmful. You're still welcome
to code that into your software. But you can't standardize it.

Paul


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Fri, 6 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> The best example for PRK is a transition from a current "2 0 1" TLSA
> RRs to future "3 1 1" RR.  The administrator needs to know to do:
>
>    Initial:
> 	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {old TA}
>
>    Intermediate:
> 	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {switch to old leaf}
> 	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new leaf}
>
>    Final:
> 	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new leaf}
>
> rather than the more naively obvious:
>
>    Initial:
> 	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {old TA}
>
>    Intermediate:
> 	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {old TA}
> 	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new leaf}
>
>    Final:
> 	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {new leaf}
>
> because here, until the new leaf is deployed after the original
> TTL expires, PRK clients might conclude that it is safe to use PRK,
> but it is not because the server's current (old) key can't be
> matched via an EE SPKI association.

Okay, I understand this example now and your desire to not mixup TLSA
types. However, the operations document could simply advise not to
combine a key rollover with a usage/type/selector rollover at once,
which seems more appropriate than banning all other valid scenario's
that mixup type such as:

  	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {current TA}
  	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {current leaf}

Paul


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Fri, Jun 06, 2014 at 11:25:26AM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:

> On Fri, 6 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> 
> >You'll find that there is little support for RPK formats other than
> >"3 1 X", despite a small number of suggestions to the contrary.  A
> >consensus around "3 1 X" is I think a safe bet.

A safe bet that this becomes the standard encoding of RPK TLSA records.

> It is not a safe bet. We only need one external requirement, like PCI-DSS
> or the EV consortium to start dictating one has to publish and match a
> full certificate to get their goodies like a green url bar.

Which little bearing on how to publish the RPK records.

> Then you
> would need a mix of TLSA types to support both the PKIX/CABforum/EV
> universe and raw public keys.

Encoded as "3 1 X" which was the limited scope of that comment.

> And by not allowing that, or by stating
> a mixed TLSA RRset means sacrificing raw public keys, the result would
> force everyone to be stuck with full PKIX validation.

That's a separate question than the one under discussion.  The
hypothetical seems rather conspiratorial.  In a conspiracy more
likely these various actors, if they were acting to thwart DANE
adoption, would simply erect barriers to all use of DANE TLSA.
(Perhaps they're doing that already).  Just preventing use of RPK
seems like a rather modest goal if DANE "3 0 1" and "2 0 1" are
are left standing and become popular.

You can at least relax in my case, I am not part of any X.509
cospiracy. :-)  Rather, I just work to be sure that things actually
work in all cases, including the corner ones.

> In other words, your 'optimization' can be harmful. You're still welcome
> to code that into your software. But you can't standardize it.

Just to be clear I see RPK as an optimization, and my suggested
suppression of RPM with mixed TLSA RRs as forgoing the optimization.

However, we should tackle this point in the new thread I started,
after refocusing the arguement, it seems to be making better
progress.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Subject: Re: [dane] Extending TLSA RFC to operate with TLS's new raw public keys
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On Fri, Jun 06, 2014 at 11:35:04AM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:

> Okay, I understand this example now and your desire to not mixup TLSA
> types. However, the operations document could simply advise not to
> combine a key rollover with a usage/type/selector rollover at once,
> which seems more appropriate than banning all other valid scenario's
> that mixup type such as:
> 
>  	IN TLSA 2 0 1 {current TA}
>  	IN TLSA 3 1 1 {current leaf}

I am not suggesting to ban mixed TLSA RRs. Rather, I was suggesting
that clients encountering mixed TLSA RRs might want to avoid RPK, but
we'll handle that question in the other thread.

To your point about transitions and changing one thing at a time,
yes that's the right high-level description of the BCP TLSA RRset
change strategy.  Keep all other things fixed and apply one of:

    * Add future keys presented with the same U/S/M combinations as
      existing keys.

    * Remove all U/S/M combinations for legacy keys leaving only
      current keys.

    * Add new U/S/M combinations that match the same keys as existing
      U/S/M combinations.

    * Remove all records with a given U/S/M combination.

    * Or combine the two previous and replace one U/S/M combination with
      another, while still matching the same set of keys.

The required invariant is that at all times each currently published,
or not yet expired from DNS caches, U/S/M combination comtains at
least one record that matches the current server keys.

Whether or not client RPK behaviour includes any work-arounds for
"mixed" TLSA RRsets, the above should be a BCP for server TLSA RRset
management.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Subject: Re: [dane] RPK use-case high level problem statement
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>>>>> "VD" == Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> writes:

VD> Indeed I was/am expecting some TLS implementations to automatically
VD> negotiate RPK and use keys extracted from the leaf certificate (far
VD> simpler in mixed environments than configuring separate bare SPKI
VD> objects).

I tend to expect crypto authors to be more conservative in enabling new
extensions by default.  Heartbleed, of course, demonstrates that such
conservatism isn't always there....

If it does get added to the libs enabled by default, w/o the need for
application buy in, things will be radically different than what I
expected.

VD> I am planning to *recommend* a server BCP of "make sure each and
VD> every U/S/M matches a current keyset" strategy anyway, there are
VD> non-RPK reasons to do that anyway.

Such a recomendation is most welcome.

VD> So the question with respect to RPK is whether it is:

VD>  * The server's responsibility to carefully publish TLSA records
VD>  in such a way that no U/S/M subset is purely past/future, also
VD>  closing the exposure.

That would be my preference.

VD> If the consensus is that PRK enablement in server applications
VD> needs to be explicit, and it needs to be off by default,

I wasn't advocating either way.  Just anticipating that lib and app
authors would be conservative about the new extension.

And I doubt any will care whether an rfc demands by default or only when
configured.

-JimC
--
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


From nobody Sat Jun  7 09:54:48 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] RPK use-case high level problem statement
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On Sat, Jun 07, 2014 at 05:01:58AM -0400, James Cloos wrote:

> VD> Indeed I was/am expecting some TLS implementations to automatically
> VD> negotiate RPK and use keys extracted from the leaf certificate (far
> VD> simpler in mixed environments than configuring separate bare SPKI
> VD> objects).
> 
> I tend to expect crypto authors to be more conservative in enabling new
> extensions by default.  Heartbleed, of course, demonstrates that such
> conservatism isn't always there....
> 
> If it does get added to the libs enabled by default, w/o the need for
> application buy in, things will be radically different than what I
> expected.

I was expecting at least some implementations to be on by default
on the server, and off by default on the client.  Then, when the
client asks, and the server is capable, RPK would be used.

If no specification requires any particular default mode of operation,
then likely neither you nor I have any rational basis for our
expectations.

> VD>  * The server's responsibility to carefully publish TLSA records
> VD>  in such a way that no U/S/M subset is purely past/future, also
> VD>  closing the exposure.
> 
> That would be my preference.

OK, when I get a chance, I'll write up the desired invariant and
strategies for ensuring it is met in the "ops" draft.

Is there anyone who now or still supports my original suggestion
that clients ought to be cautious in the face of "mixed" TLSA
records?  Should the above server TLSA record update strategy be
a BCP or a mandate (RECOMMENDED vs. SHOULD)?

> VD> If the consensus is that PRK enablement in server applications
> VD> needs to be explicit, and it needs to be off by default,
> 
> I wasn't advocating either way.  Just anticipating that lib and app
> authors would be conservative about the new extension.
> 
> And I doubt any will care whether an rfc demands by default or only when
> configured.

Whether or not toolkit implementors "care" (I am guessing they
would), I think stating the requirement (if it is to be a requirement)
is necessary.

So what is the view of the WG re: server RPK support?  On by default
OK? Required off by default, unless enabled by server administrator?

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Tue Jun 10 08:54:27 2014
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Subject: [dane] Agenda for Toronto.
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Hi there,

The Toronto meeting is approaching. Based upon last times attendance,
etc we have requested a 2 hour slot.

If you'd like some time on the agenda, please let us know soon, or you
might not get a slot.

W


From nobody Tue Jun 10 16:06:23 2014
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Subject: [dane] I-D Action: draft-ietf-dane-srv-06.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
 This draft is a work item of the DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities Working Group of the IETF.

        Title           : Using DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) TLSA Records with SRV Records
        Authors         : Tony Finch
                          Matthew Miller
                          Peter Saint-Andre
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dane-srv-06.txt
	Pages           : 13
	Date            : 2014-06-10

Abstract:
   The DANE specification (RFC 6698) describes how to use TLSA resource
   records in the DNS to associate a server's host name with its TLS
   certificate, where the association is secured with DNSSEC.  However,
   application protocols that use SRV records (RFC 2782) to indirectly
   name the target server host names for a service domain cannot apply
   the rules from RFC 6698.  Therefore this document provides guidelines
   that enable such protocols to locate and use TLSA records.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-dane-srv/

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dane-srv-06

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-ietf-dane-srv-06


Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


From nobody Tue Jun 10 18:24:33 2014
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Matt Miller and I submitted a new version of draft-ietf-dane-srv today. 
We have a few questions for the WG...

1. In Section 4.1, we discuss how to proceed if there are no TLSA 
records, only SRV records. This section assumes that the presented 
certificate is a "traditional" PKIX cert. Therefore we do not take into 
account raw public keys as specified in draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey. Do 
folks here think we need to address, or at least mention, the raw keys case?

2. Also in Section 4.1, we say:

###

    SRV is secure:  The reference identifiers SHALL include both the
       service domain and the SRV target server host name (e.g., include
       both "im.example.com" and "xmpp23.hosting.example.net").  The
       target server host name is the preferred name for TLS SNI or its
       equivalent.

    In the latter case, the client will accept either identity to ensure
    compatibility with servers that support this specification as well as
    servers that do not support this specification.

###

Remember that the reference identifiers are what the client uses when 
determining if the certificate is acceptable (cf. RFC 6125). The 
reasoning here is that if the client allows only the target server host 
name as a reference identifier then it won't be able to connect to older 
servers that don't yet support dane-srv, whereas if it allows only the 
source domain as a reference identifier then it won't be able to connect 
to newer servers that support only dane-srv. For the sake of 
interoperability, supporting both seems like the best approach. Does 
that justify the SHALL here? And is this the best place in the document 
for this information?

Thanks!

Peter



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On Tue, Jun 10, 2014 at 07:24:30PM -0600, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:

> Matt Miller and I submitted a new version of draft-ietf-dane-srv today.

Thanks.  A few comments:

Section 2:

The reference to "secure", "insecure", "bogus", "indeterminate"
was changed to refer to RFC 4033, from 4035, but in fact it is 4035
that gives the intended definition of "indeterminate" (failure
to determine, a lookup error).  See the SMTP draft, section 2.1.1

Section 3.1:

    If a particular response is "bogus" or "indeterminate" according
    to DNSSEC validation, the client MUST ignore that target server
    host name.

This glosses over two distinct cases:

    * The SRV RRset is "bogus", "indeterminate" (or some other
      lookup error, feel free to borrow/steal section 2.1.1 from
      the SMTP draft).  In this case NONE of the SRV server names,
      if any were actually obtained, can be used.

    * The SRV RRset is secure, but downstream lookups for A or TLSA
      records fail...

The quoted comment more properly applies to the second case, but
you've not yet reached that point in the discussion.  The immediately
preceding text is about the initial SRV lookup, and if that fails,
ALL the SRV records are bad, and the service is unreachable.
So it seems that the original text was more appropriate:

Section 4.1:

This section is confusing because it is not clear that the opening
paragraph established preconditions for the rest of the section.
The first paragraph should say something like:

    "In this section we consider the case that, ...  The case with
    TLSA usable/secure records is considered in the next section, ..."

> We have a few questions for the WG...

> 1. In Section 4.1, we discuss how to proceed if there are no TLSA records,
> only SRV records. This section assumes that the presented certificate is a
> "traditional" PKIX cert. Therefore we do not take into account raw public
> keys as specified in draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey. Do folks here think we need
> to address, or at least mention, the raw keys case?

Without TLSA records any out of band authentication of "RPK" material
is not via DANE, it is not clear whether anything generally useful
can be said about this.  However, even without RPK, opportunistic
TLS clients may simply skip authenticating the server entirely (as
with SMTP), and so a general requirement to authenticate is too
strong.

Rather I think you should specify which reference identifiers to
use *IF* the client is using PKIX, without mandating the use of
PKIX.

> 2. Also in Section 4.1, we say:
> 
>    SRV is secure:  The reference identifiers SHALL include both the
>       service domain and the SRV target server host name (e.g., include
>       both "im.example.com" and "xmpp23.hosting.example.net").  The
>       target server host name is the preferred name for TLS SNI or its
>       equivalent.
> 
>    In the latter case, the client will accept either identity to ensure
>    compatibility with servers that support this specification as well as
>    servers that do not support this specification.
> 
> Remember that the reference identifiers are what the client uses when
> determining if the certificate is acceptable (cf. RFC 6125). The reasoning
> here is that if the client allows only the target server host name as a
> reference identifier then it won't be able to connect to older servers that
> don't yet support dane-srv, whereas if it allows only the source domain as a
> reference identifier then it won't be able to connect to newer servers that
> support only dane-srv. For the sake of interoperability, supporting both
> seems like the best approach. Does that justify the SHALL here? And is this
> the best place in the document for this information?

I think the requirement is justified, provided the client is doing
PKIX.  I have no concrete opinion about document organization.

The document still feels a bit "raw" overall, if you have cycles to
re-read it with care, and polish it further, it would likely help.

-- 
	Viktor.


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>>>>> "PS" == Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> writes:

PS> For the sake of interoperability, supporting both [target server
PS> hostname and source domains as a reference identifier] seems like
PS> the best approach. Does that justify the SHALL here?

Specifying that clients SHALL consider both the source domain and the
target server hostname when the SRV RR is secure looks like an accept-
able compromise between the optimal case and the pre-dane legacy.

-JimC
--
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


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On 2014-06-11 03:24, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> Matt Miller and I submitted a new version of draft-ietf-dane-srv today.=


Why does the text it Section 3 say to do queries in parallel when
section 3.2 says that one has to do A/AAAA lookups and validation (which
depend on SRV) before deciding to do TLSA lookups?

And what does the security status of A/AAAA records matter if you have a
secure reference to the certificate you see?  Unless of course if you
get bogus, then aborting the connection to that target is sane.

>=20
>    SRV is secure:  The reference identifiers SHALL include both the
>       service domain and the SRV target server host name (e.g., include=

>       both "im.example.com" and "xmpp23.hosting.example.net").  The
>       target server host name is the preferred name for TLS SNI or its
>       equivalent.

In XMPP, sending to=3D'xmpp123.hosting.example.net' instead of
to=3D'example.com' does not seem sensible to me.  The server should know
which cert to present for each domain, or probably just shows the same
for all if it is a multi-tenant hosting service.

And I don't think one should look too hard at the name in a certificate
if you have a matching TLSA record.

--
Kim "Zash" Alvefur


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Subject: Re: [dane] dane-srv questions for the WG
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On Wed, Jun 11, 2014 at 05:21:22PM +0200, Kim Alvefur wrote:

> On 2014-06-11 03:24, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> > Matt Miller and I submitted a new version of draft-ietf-dane-srv today.
> 
> Why does the text it Section 3 say to do queries in parallel when
> section 3.2 says that one has to do A/AAAA lookups and validation (which
> depend on SRV) before deciding to do TLSA lookups?

It says "where possible".  As I see it the only sensible opportunity
for parallel lookup is to find the A or AAAA records of the subset
of the SRV hosts with the highest (untried) priority, then among
those that actually have an IP address, one can choose a randomized
server based on the weight, at which point I would only retrieve
TLSA records for that host.

Generally, all the SRV hosts are up and it is sufficient to try
one connection, so there is no benefit in performing multiple TLSA
lookups for clients that make long-lived infrequent connections.

In summary I think that while some clients may decide to parallelize
some DNS lookups, this is an implementation decision that is perhaps
out of scope for the DANE SRV specification.


> And what does the security status of A/AAAA records matter if you have a
> secure reference to the certificate you see?  Unless of course if you
> get bogus, then aborting the connection to that target is sane.

See Section 2.2.2 of the SMTP draft, which provides the rationale:

    http://vdukhovni.github.io/ietf/draft-ietf-dane-smtp-with-dane-10.html#rfc.section.2.2.2

> >    SRV is secure:  The reference identifiers SHALL include both the
> >       service domain and the SRV target server host name (e.g., include
> >       both "im.example.com" and "xmpp23.hosting.example.net").  The
> >       target server host name is the preferred name for TLS SNI or its
> >       equivalent.
> 
> In XMPP, sending to='xmpp123.hosting.example.net' instead of
> to='example.com' does not seem sensible to me.  The server should know
> which cert to present for each domain, or probably just shows the same
> for all if it is a multi-tenant hosting service.

This suggestion breaks cross-domain hosting:

	_service.example.org. 	IN SRV 0 0 12345 server.example.net.

The server.example.net hosting provider can obtain certs for its
own name, managing certs from each hosted domain is a significant
burden.

> And I don't think one should look too hard at the name in a certificate
> if you have a matching TLSA record.

You're not thinking about TA certificate usages PKIX-TA(0) and
DANE-TA(2) which absolutely require name checks.  Even PKIX-EE(1)
requires name checks as part of the PKIX validation.

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Wed Jun 11 12:37:48 2014
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From: Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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On 2014-06-11 17:45, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 11, 2014 at 05:21:22PM +0200, Kim Alvefur wrote:
>=20
>> On 2014-06-11 03:24, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>>> Matt Miller and I submitted a new version of draft-ietf-dane-srv toda=
y.
>>
>> Why does the text it Section 3 say to do queries in parallel when
>> section 3.2 says that one has to do A/AAAA lookups and validation (whi=
ch
>> depend on SRV) before deciding to do TLSA lookups?
>=20
> It says "where possible".  As I see it the only sensible opportunity
> for parallel lookup is to find the A or AAAA records of the subset
> of the SRV hosts with the highest (untried) priority, then among
> those that actually have an IP address, one can choose a randomized
> server based on the weight, at which point I would only retrieve
> TLSA records for that host.
>=20
> Generally, all the SRV hosts are up and it is sufficient to try
> one connection, so there is no benefit in performing multiple TLSA
> lookups for clients that make long-lived infrequent connections.
>=20
> In summary I think that while some clients may decide to parallelize
> some DNS lookups, this is an implementation decision that is perhaps
> out of scope for the DANE SRV specification.

That's what I was aiming for.

>=20
>> And what does the security status of A/AAAA records matter if you have=
 a
>> secure reference to the certificate you see?  Unless of course if you
>> get bogus, then aborting the connection to that target is sane.
>=20
> See Section 2.2.2 of the SMTP draft, which provides the rationale:
>=20
>     http://vdukhovni.github.io/ietf/draft-ietf-dane-smtp-with-dane-10.h=
tml#rfc.section.2.2.2

Perhaps a reference to that then?

>>>    SRV is secure:  The reference identifiers SHALL include both the
>>>       service domain and the SRV target server host name (e.g., inclu=
de
>>>       both "im.example.com" and "xmpp23.hosting.example.net").  The
>>>       target server host name is the preferred name for TLS SNI or it=
s
>>>       equivalent.
>>
>> In XMPP, sending to=3D'xmpp123.hosting.example.net' instead of
>> to=3D'example.com' does not seem sensible to me.  The server should kn=
ow
>> which cert to present for each domain, or probably just shows the same=

>> for all if it is a multi-tenant hosting service.
>=20
> This suggestion breaks cross-domain hosting:
>=20
> 	_service.example.org. 	IN SRV 0 0 12345 server.example.net.
>=20
> The server.example.net hosting provider can obtain certs for its
> own name, managing certs from each hosted domain is a significant
> burden.

Then how is server.example.net supposed to know that you want to talk to
example.org?  "its equivalent" is said to be the stream addressing
earlier which makes this weird.

>> And I don't think one should look too hard at the name in a certificat=
e
>> if you have a matching TLSA record.
>=20
> You're not thinking about TA certificate usages PKIX-TA(0) and
> DANE-TA(2) which absolutely require name checks.  Even PKIX-EE(1)
> requires name checks as part of the PKIX validation.
>=20

Right, of course.

--
Kim "Zash" Alvefur



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From nobody Wed Jun 11 12:44:20 2014
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On Wed, Jun 11, 2014 at 09:37:36PM +0200, Kim Alvefur wrote:

> > This suggestion breaks cross-domain hosting:
> > 
> > 	_service.example.org. 	IN SRV 0 0 12345 server.example.net.
> > 
> > The server.example.net hosting provider can obtain certs for its
> > own name, managing certs from each hosted domain is a significant
> > burden.
> 
> Then how is server.example.net supposed to know that you want to talk to
> example.org?  "its equivalent" is said to be the stream addressing
> earlier which makes this weird.

In-band signalling.  "Host:" headers with HTTP, "RCPT TO:" with
SMTP, user login with IMAP, ...  Demultiplexing at the application
layer is rather common.

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Fri Jun 13 09:34:23 2014
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Subject: [dane] WG Action: Rechartered DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities (dane)
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The DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities (dane) working group in
the Security Area of the IETF has been rechartered. For additional
information please contact the Area Directors or the WG Chairs.

DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities (dane)
------------------------------------------------
Current Status: Active WG

Chairs:
  Warren Kumari <warren@kumari.net>
  Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>

Secretaries:
  Matt Lepinski <mlepinski.ietf@gmail.com>

Assigned Area Director:
  Stephen Farrell <stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie>

Mailing list
  Address: dane@ietf.org
  To Subscribe: https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dane
  Archive: http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/dane/

Charter:

DANE is a set of mechanisms and techniques that allow Internet
applications to establish cryptographically secured communications
by using information made available in DNS. By binding the key 
information to a domain name and protecting that binding with 
DNSSEC, applications can easily discover authenticated keys for 
services.

Objective:

    The DANE WG will specify how to incorporate DANE and DANE-like
    functionality into protocols. The WG will specify the use of DANE 
    for protocols that use SRV to express service location. The WG will 
    specify DANE use for SMTP, SMIME, OPENPGP, IPSEC and  
    other base electronic mail protocols such as (IMAP or POP). The
    DANE WG shall also produce a set of implementation guidance 
    for operators and tool developers. 

    When work on currently chartered documents is complete the WG
    may re-charter if sufficiently pressing new work is identified.

    DANE is not intended to be a long-lived catch-all WG for all 
    public key distribution in DNS issues and so will generally not 
    adopt new work items without re-chartering. 

Problem Statement:

    The DANE working group has developed a framework for securely
    retrieving keying information from the DNS [RFC6698]. This
    framework allows secure storing and looking up server public key
    information in the DNS. This provides a binding between a domain
    name providing a particular service and the key that can be used
    to establish encrypted connection to that service.

    By requiring DNSSEC protection for the lookup of the public key
    information, DANE leverages the integrity protection provided by
    DNSSEC to enable secure discovery of keying information. Operators
    wanting to take advantage of DANE for their services must turn on
    DNSSEC signing on the zones used in finding the services. Using
    DNS this way, bindings of keys to domains are asserted by the 
    entities that operate the DNS for that domain, not by external 
    entities. 

    The DANE mechanisms provide flexibility in how the keying
    information is presented. DANE supports both Certificates and raw
    keys. Furthermore, the keys (raw or imbedded in certificates) can be 
    full keys or a hashes of keys. 
    The group will work on documenting the different approaches to use
    DANE keying, and the security implication of each. In addition
    the WG may develop a framework(s) to facilitate the lookup "client" 
    DANE records for authorization/authentication purposes. 

    The group may also create documents that describe how protocol
    entities can discover and validate these bindings in the execution
    of specific applications. This work would be done in coordination
    with the IETF Working Groups responsible for the protocols. 

    The group may in addition encourage interoperability testing and 
    document the results of such testing. 

Milestones:
  Jun 2014 - Advance DANE SRV document to IESG
  Jun 2014 - Advance DANE SMTP document to IESG
  Aug 2014 - Advance DANE SMIME document to IESG
  Aug 2014 - Advance DANE OPENPGP document to IESG
  Sep 2014 - Advance DANE operational guidance/errata document to IESG
  Jan 2015 - Advance DANE security model document to IESG
  May 2015 - Advance DANE IPSEC document to IESG
  Jun 2015 - Advance DANE reverse binding (server to client) document to
IESG
  Sep 2015 - Advance DANE RFC6698 and DANE SRV RFC to Internet Standard
  Nov 2015 - Recharter or close down



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I noticed that postfix logged my mail yesterday to ietf as Untrusted
rather than Verified.

That is due to the removal of _25._tcp.mail.ietf.org.

My log includes (times are UTC):

  Jun 11 05:31:52 ore postfix/smtp: Verified TLS connection established to mail.ietf.org
  Jun 11 23:35:01 ore postfix/smtp: Untrusted TLS connection established to mail.ietf.org

Does anyone know why the tlsa was removed?

-JimC
--
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


From nobody Sat Jun 14 07:23:27 2014
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Date: Sat, 14 Jun 2014 10:23:22 -0400
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To: James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>
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Subject: Re: [dane] _25._tcp.mail.ietf.org gone
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On Sat, Jun 14, 2014 at 7:34 AM, James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com> wrote:
> I noticed that postfix logged my mail yesterday to ietf as Untrusted
> rather than Verified.
>
> That is due to the removal of _25._tcp.mail.ietf.org.
>
> My log includes (times are UTC):
>
>   Jun 11 05:31:52 ore postfix/smtp: Verified TLS connection established to mail.ietf.org
>   Jun 11 23:35:01 ore postfix/smtp: Untrusted TLS connection established to mail.ietf.org
>
> Does anyone know why the tlsa was removed?

Nope.
At first I assumed that they had failed over to the "backup" server
(there is only one MX record), and had removed the TLSA because the
backup didn't do STARTTLS -- but that doesn't seem to be it...

So, I've sent the relevant folk mail and will let y'all know when I hear back.

Oh, I've been traveling the past few weeks (just got back from Toronto
last night - the hotel looks nice!, and head of to Manchester (NH!)
and London before returning to Toronto for IETF), so apologies for
some outstanding mail...

W


>
> -JimC
> --
> James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6
>
> _______________________________________________
> dane mailing list
> dane@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dane


From nobody Sat Jun 14 10:01:04 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
To: dane@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dane] _25._tcp.mail.ietf.org gone
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On Sat, Jun 14, 2014 at 10:23:22AM -0400, Warren Kumari wrote:

> >   Jun 11 05:31:52 ore postfix/smtp: Verified TLS connection established to mail.ietf.org
> >   Jun 11 23:35:01 ore postfix/smtp: Untrusted TLS connection established to mail.ietf.org
> >
> > Does anyone know why the tlsa was removed?
> 
> Nope.
> At first I assumed that they had failed over to the "backup" server
> (there is only one MX record), and had removed the TLSA because the
> backup didn't do STARTTLS -- but that doesn't seem to be it...
> 
> So, I've sent the relevant folk mail and will let y'all know when I hear back.

I just tried it, and it is back:

    $ dig +noall +comment +ans +ad -t tlsa _25._tcp.mail.ietf.org.
    ;; Got answer:
    ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 25795
    ;; flags: qr rd ra ad; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0

    ;; ANSWER SECTION:
    _25._tcp.mail.ietf.org. 1758    IN      TLSA    3 1 1 0C72AC70B745AC19998811B131D662C9AC69DBDBE7CB23E5B514B566 64C5D3D6

    $ posttls-finger -c -Lsummary ietf.org
    posttls-finger: Verified TLS connection established to mail.ietf.org[4.31.198.44]:25: TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits)

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Fri Jun 20 21:25:06 2014
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To: dane@ietf.org, gnu@toad.com
Date: Fri, 20 Jun 2014 21:25:02 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
Archived-At: http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/dane/Yp30GbaGMkUoCiXrYyP8A_KGDkM
Subject: [dane] New I-D on Authenticating Raw Public Keys with DANE TLSA
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In an effort to nudge along the process of standardizing the use of
DANE with TLS's use of raw public keys, I have written a short
Internet-Draft that defines how these keys can be authenticated by using
TLSA records.

Name:		draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys
Revision:	00
Title:		Authenticating Raw Public Keys with DANE TLSA
Document date:	2014-06-20
Group:		Individual Submission
Pages:		7
URL:      http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00.txt
Status:         https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys/
Htmlized:       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
Abstract:
   This document standardizes how the Domain Name System can
   authenticate Raw Public Keys.  Transport Level Security now has the
   option to use Raw Public Keys, but they require some form of external
   authentication.  The document updates RFC 6698 to allow the Domain
   Name System to standardize the authentication of more types of keying
   material.

The TLS extension for raw public keys, which inspired this work, is
currently very late in the IETF publication process, but not quite
published, here:

  "Using Raw Public Keys in Transport Layer Security (TLS)
         and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)"
  https://www.rfc-editor.org/authors/rfc7250.txt

	John


From nobody Mon Jun 23 03:16:13 2014
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From: Warren Kumari <warren@kumari.net>
To: "<dane@ietf.org>" <DANE@ietf.org>, draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00@tools.ietf.org
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Subject: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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Dear DANE WG,

This starts a Call for Adoption for draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00.
The draft is available here:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00/

This document was written in response to a request, and so we are
compressing the more traditional 2 week call for adoption to instead
be a single week.

Please let us know clearly if you *object* to this document being
adopted, with a clear explanation of why.

Please also indicate if you are willing to contribute text, review, etc.

This call for adoption ends Monday 07-Jul-2014.

Thanks,
Warren Kumari
(as DANE WG co-chair)


From nobody Mon Jun 23 03:16:46 2014
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Subject: [dane] IPR check on draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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Dear DANE WG,

Be not alarmed.

The authors of draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00 have asked for it to be
adopted as a DANE document -- we would like to check whether any
claims of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on the document have not
yet been disclosed.

Are you personally aware of any IPR that applies to
draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00?  If so, has this IPR been disclosed in
compliance with IETF IPR rules?
(See RFCs 3979, 4879, 3669, and 5378 for more details.)

If you are a document author or listed contributor on this document,
please reply to this email regardless of whether or not you are
personally aware of any relevant IPR.

If you are on the DANE WG email list but are not an author or listed
contributor for this document, you are reminded of your opportunity
for a voluntary IPR disclosure under BCP 79.  Please do not reply
unless you want to make such a voluntary disclosure.

Online tools for filing IPR disclosures can be found at
<http://www.ietf.org/ipr/file-disclosure>.


We will be doing this all again when (and if) the document goes to WGLC.

Thanks,
Warren Kumari
(as DANE WG co-chair, with the process hat on!)


From nobody Mon Jun 23 03:23:00 2014
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Hi there DANEites,

We still have free agenda time for the upcoming London meeting. Please
let us know if you would like some...

The sooner you request time, the more likely you are to get some...

Remember, we give priority to documents that have open issues than
would benefit from in person discussion.

W


From nobody Mon Jun 23 03:56:59 2014
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On Mon, Jun 23, 2014 at 6:22 AM, Warren Kumari <warren@kumari.net> wrote:
> Hi there DANEites,
>
> We still have free agenda time for the upcoming London meeting.

Doh! s/London/Toronto/  No idea why I keep thinking we are meeting in
London again.

W
(Written from the ICANN Tech Day meeting in the Hilton Metropole in,
yup, London. Really London...)

> Please
> let us know if you would like some...
>
> The sooner you request time, the more likely you are to get some...
>
> Remember, we give priority to documents that have open issues than
> would benefit from in person discussion.
>
> W


From nobody Mon Jun 23 04:14:39 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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On Mon, Jun 23, 2014 at 06:16:01AM -0400, Warren Kumari wrote:

> This document was written in response to a request, and so we are
> compressing the more traditional 2 week call for adoption to instead
> be a single week.
> 
> Please let us know clearly if you *object* to this document being
> adopted, with a clear explanation of why.

I'd expect the next thing for the IETF is to introduce an objection fee ...

> This call for adoption ends Monday 07-Jul-2014.

?

I've read the draft but not any preceding discussion.  Publishing (not
"authenticating", please) raw keys in the DNS makes a lot of sense IMHO,
but it's not obvious to me why the TLSA RR type is the right one.
The document does not explain why the expansion of the usage "3"
is backwards compatible, i.e., not confusing old clients.

-Peter


From nobody Mon Jun 23 08:02:17 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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On Mon, Jun 23, 2014 at 06:16:01AM -0400, Warren Kumari wrote:

> This starts a Call for Adoption for draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00.
> The draft is available here:
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00/

I am a day or two away from essentially compatible language in the
next (04) revision of draft-ietf-dane-ops.

I have no major objections to the substance of the new draft, we'll
mostly just need to decide how it relates to the revised ops draft,
which is now a 6698 update.   We should be able to merge the best
parts of the two parallel treatments, and either expand the coverage
of raw public keys in the ops draft, or shrink it, moving all
coverage of this issue to the new draft.

My technical issue with the new draft was that it seemed to suggest
that any DANE-EE(3) TLSA RR can be used to match raw public keys,
while in fact only DANE-EE(3) SPKI(1) matches raw public keys.

The new draft operates at two layers, on the one hand concretely
extending 6698 to support raw public keys, and on the other hand
generalizing the approach to arbitrary "key material" (conceptually
beyond even raw public keys).  My best guess is that were some
other kind of "key material" to be used with TLS, that is not in
SPKI format, the draft is trying to suggest that we'd use DANE-EE(3)
anyway (but likely with a new selector value, though this is not
stated).  I would for now not try to generalize beyond SPKI.  It
is not clear what those generalizations will really entail or
whether any are likely to happen in the near future.

Since I think "adoption" is not final approval of the content, but
rather agreement that there is useful and relevant material to
build on, while the draft is not done, I support adoption.

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Mon Jun 23 09:01:04 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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On Mon, 23 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> The new draft operates at two layers, on the one hand concretely
> extending 6698 to support raw public keys, and on the other hand
> generalizing the approach to arbitrary "key material" (conceptually
> beyond even raw public keys).  My best guess is that were some
> other kind of "key material" to be used with TLS, that is not in
> SPKI format,

Please note that this is to support non-TLS scenarios where the public
key might not be transfered in-band like in the TLS case. That is,
the draft extends 6698 to support publishing any kind of public key
in SPKI format for verification. It does not suggest non-SPKI formats.

> the draft is trying to suggest that we'd use DANE-EE(3)
> anyway (but likely with a new selector value, though this is not
> stated).

Actually, the intend is to NOT introduce a new selector, especially
for the TLS case to ease migration from PKIX certificate to raw public
key.

>  I would for now not try to generalize beyond SPKI.

I don't think it is?

>  It
> is not clear what those generalizations will really entail or
> whether any are likely to happen in the near future.

Note that these kind of statements during 6698 discussion is what got
us here to begin with. The reluctance of types not involving "PKIX
certification". It would be very ironic to make that mistake twice.

> Since I think "adoption" is not final approval of the content, but
> rather agreement that there is useful and relevant material to
> build on, while the draft is not done, I support adoption.

That's right. And for the record, I support WG adoption of this
document as well.

Paul


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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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On Mon, 23 Jun 2014, Peter Koch wrote:

> I've read the draft but not any preceding discussion.  Publishing (not
> "authenticating", please) raw keys in the DNS makes a lot of sense IMHO,
> but it's not obvious to me why the TLSA RR type is the right one.
> The document does not explain why the expansion of the usage "3"
> is backwards compatible, i.e., not confusing old clients.

old clients that did not support bare public key could not even use
TLSA, so how can extending support break older clients?

Paul


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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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>>>>> "WK" == Warren Kumari <warren@kumari.net> writes:

WK> This starts a Call for Adoption for draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00.

For an intial draft, the document reasonably covers the issues.

The wg should adopt it.

WK> Please also indicate if you are willing to contribute text, review, etc.

I am.

-JimC
-- 
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


From nobody Mon Jun 23 10:34:40 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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On Mon, Jun 23, 2014 at 11:58:00AM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:

> >The new draft operates at two layers, on the one hand concretely
> >extending 6698 to support raw public keys, and on the other hand
> >generalizing the approach to arbitrary "key material" (conceptually
> >beyond even raw public keys).  My best guess is that were some
> >other kind of "key material" to be used with TLS, that is not in
> >SPKI format,
> 
> Please note that this is to support non-TLS scenarios where the public
> key might not be transferred in-band like in the TLS case. That is,
> the draft extends 6698 to support publishing any kind of public key
> in SPKI format for verification. It does not suggest non-SPKI formats.

This was not clear.  So the "TLSA" (does not stand for anything)
acronym is not supposed to be understood to apply just to TLS (and
by extension DTLS)?

So for example, would it apply to publishing KDC public keys for
cross-realm pkinit?  Does it matter whether the lookup key for the
RRDATA would likely not be "_port._proto.domain", or would that
make the Kerberos cross-realm key use-case fall outside this update
to 6698.   In other words does the new draft only apply to some
kind of transport layer security (lower case to distinguish from
TLS) where the end-point identity is necessarily _port._proto,
with with a TLSA-like RRDATA format?

Recall that we've added a charter goal of defining something for
client authentication, which is likely to reuse RFC 6698 RRDATA,
but will probably carry a different lookup key.

So if the scope of RFC 6698 is not TLS, is it just any application
where the 6698 RRDATA format seems to be useful?

-- 
	Viktor.


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Comments: In-reply-to Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> message dated "Mon, 23 Jun 2014 17:34:34 -0000."
Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2014 10:58:10 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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> So if the scope of RFC 6698 is not TLS, is it just any application
> where the 6698 RRDATA format seems to be useful?

"What is the scope of the TLSA record?" is a great question to ask
ourselves.  (We may not ultimately need to answer it clearly; we may
agree to hold different opinions.)

My goals in the draft were, 

  first, to enable the use of DNSSEC/DANE with TLS raw public keys;

  second, to repeal the statements in RFC 6698 that prevent the use of
  the TLSA record with keys that aren't in PKIX certificates.

I only took on the second goal because it was required to enable the
first goal.  But once we have opened the door to raw public keys for
TLS (at port numbers where TLS is used), I saw no reason to add
restrictive language preventing anyone from using raw public keys at
other ports or for other protocols.  The name-prefixed design of the
TLSA record tends to prevent such other uses from causing any
problems to its main use with TLS.

I see the goal of IETF standards as enabling interoperability.  Where
restrictions on user choices are needed to enable interoperability, we
restrict them (e.g. with MUSTs or MUST NOTs).  Where interoperability
is not threatened, we need not and should not restrict users to only
the usages and protocols that we have in mind today.

> So for example, would it apply to publishing KDC public keys for
> cross-realm pkinit?  Does it matter whether the lookup key for the
> RRDATA would likely not be "_port._proto.domain", or would that
> make the Kerberos cross-realm key use-case fall outside this update
> to 6698.   In other words does the new draft only apply to some
> kind of transport layer security (lower case to distinguish from
> TLS) where the end-point identity is necessarily _port._proto,
> with with a TLSA-like RRDATA format?

When I was working on Kerberos many years ago, the KDC was running on
a particular, standardized port (UDP port 88).  So it probably would
fit into the TLSA scheme at _88._udp.example.com if we wanted it to.

A larger issue with Kerberos at that time was the protocol's
insistence that Kerberos "realms" are not "domain names".  To
emphasize that distinction, the Kerberos documentation and common
usage tended to make realms names UPPERCASE.  At the time, that seemed
to me to be a relatively useless distinction, but I was a newcomer to
Kerberos.  At Cygnus, we evolved the Kerberos software such that if
you chose to make your realm name match your domain name, the software
would do useful things by default, that would require
pre-configuration if your realm name did not match your domain name.
I do not know if that usage has caught on.

In the Raw Public Keys draft, I had no intent to change the TLSA
requirement for a _port._proto prefix, so if Kerberos realm
authentication with TLSA ultimately ends up requiring such a change,
the future DANE Kerberos draft itself will probably have to relax that
requirement.

	John


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In-Reply-To: <alpine.LFD.2.10.1406231158390.31024@bofh.nohats.ca>
To: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Date: Mon, 23 Jun 2014 23:05:42 +0200 (CEST)
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Cc: Peter Koch <pk@DENIC.DE>, dane@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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Paul Wouters wrote:
> Peter Koch wrote:
> 
>> I've read the draft but not any preceding discussion.  Publishing (not
>> "authenticating", please) raw keys in the DNS makes a lot of sense IMHO,
>> but it's not obvious to me why the TLSA RR type is the right one.
>> The document does not explain why the expansion of the usage "3"
>> is backwards compatible, i.e., not confusing old clients.
> 
> old clients that did not support bare public key could not even use
> TLSA, so how can extending support break older clients?

To me this looks like you're talking past each other.

The Selector Type 1 "SubjectPublicKeyInfo" is already defined (Section 7.3)
and explained (Appendic A.1.2.2) in rfc6698:

  https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6698#section-7.3
  https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6698#appendix-A.1.2.2


Existing TLSA/DANE-aware TLS clients will (silently) assume, that this 
selector refers to a public key that is embedded in a more-or-less regular
X.509 certificate, and that this certificate will appear in the
(PKIX) certification path that the TLS client came up with for
certificate path verification.

The newly envisoned usage scenario seems to be for use by TLS peers
with bare public keys (i.e. that do not exchange any certificates at
all and do not, or not necessarily manage such keys with an X.509 cert
wrapper/container.

In theory, this looks like TLSA/DANE aware clients might get confused,
assuming that they will be able to locate a cert in the computed (or
server-supplied) certificate chain, and fail DANE validation if they
cannot match.  In practice, a guidance for the server admin to supply
cert-based TLSA records might be sufficient, whenever interop with
clients that do not support bare public is desired.

To be usable with bare public keys at all, both, client and server
will have to support bare public keys, and the client will have to
offer their use in ClientHello through a TLS extension and the server
will have to agree using it.  The server does not (currently) learn
whether the client is DANE/TLSA-aware, but certainly knows whether
the client supports and is willing to accept a bare server key in
the TLS handshake.



One common case where the SPKI selector may help in traditional PKIX 
is in CrossCA / Bridged PKI scenarios, or the backward-compatibility-hack
usage scenarios used by a few public CAs these days -- where the current
PKI is normally operated with a 2048-bit self-signed RootCA certificate,
but that new self-signed RootCA cert might not be known to older TLS clients,
and therefore many servers are sending out a crossCA certificate in the
forward certification path of the Server's Certificate TLS handshake
message for the new 2048-bit root that is signed by the old 1024-bit
root that is known to old TLS clients.

One common example is the VeriSign/Symantec
    
  CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority - G5

which exists as a self-signed rootCA cert and as a crossCA cert
signed by the 1024-bit RSA key of the old

  OU=Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority

And of that latter old VeriSign Root, there exist two different (three if one
includes the jan-2004 expired root in the count) certs with the same
public key (i.e. SubjectPublicKeyInfo) in them:

serial  (md2RSA sig):  70 ba e4 1d 10 d9 29 34 b6 38 ca 7b 03 cc ba bf
serial (sha1RSA sig):  3c 91 31 cb 1f f6 d0 1b 0e 9a b8 d0 44 bf 12 be



-Martin


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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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On Mon, Jun 23, 2014 at 11:05:42PM +0200, Martin Rex wrote:

> The Selector Type 1 "SubjectPublicKeyInfo" is already defined (Section 7.3)
> and explained (Appendic A.1.2.2) in rfc6698:
> 
>   https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6698#section-7.3
>   https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6698#appendix-A.1.2.2
> 
> Existing TLSA/DANE-aware TLS clients will (silently) assume, that this 
> selector refers to a public key that is embedded in a more-or-less regular
> X.509 certificate,

Hence the 6698 update.  If the service is in fact a TLS service,
clients using X.509 handshakes will not see anything new, because
they won't use the new extension to negotiate use of raw public
keys.

> and that this certificate will appear in the
> (PKIX) certification path that the TLS client came up with for
> certificate path verification.

DANE-EE(3) is not PKIX and has no PKIX path.

> The newly envisoned usage scenario seems to be for use by TLS peers
> with bare public keys (i.e. that do not exchange any certificates at
> all and do not, or not necessarily manage such keys with an X.509 cert
> wrapper/container.

Many clients will support both, and servers even more so may be
willing to use the same public either adorned in X.509v3 finery,
or bare (with or without the emperor's new clothes).

> In theory, this looks like TLSA/DANE aware clients might get confused,

The underlying meaning of "DANE-EE(3) SPKI(1) ?" is unchanged, it
matches a leaf SPKI object in either form.  There is no confusion.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> 
> The underlying meaning of "DANE-EE(3) SPKI(1) ?" is unchanged, it
> matches a leaf SPKI object in either form.  There is no confusion.

It will not be possible to use DANE only for bare keys and
traditional PKIX _without_ DANE for certificate-based authentication,
because DANE/TLSA-aware clients, that do not support bare keys in TLS,
would encounter a DANE validation failure with the PKIX cert they get
from the server.

-Martin


From nobody Mon Jun 23 15:13:22 2014
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On Tue, Jun 24, 2014 at 12:00:27AM +0200, Martin Rex wrote:

> Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> > 
> > The underlying meaning of "DANE-EE(3) SPKI(1) ?" is unchanged, it
> > matches a leaf SPKI object in either form.  There is no confusion.
> 
> It will not be possible to use DANE only for bare keys and
> traditional PKIX _without_ DANE for certificate-based authentication,
> because DANE/TLSA-aware clients, that do not support bare keys in TLS,
> would encounter a DANE validation failure with the PKIX cert they get
> from the server.

This is simply not the case.  The TLSA RRset contains multiple
records.  If the server is designed to serve clients that employ
traditional X.509 handshakes (not just clients that do RPK), then
that server's TLSA RRset needs to include at least one TLSA RR that
matches the server's chain presented in its TLS "certitificate
message".  Typically the same TLSA record:

    _443._tcp.www.example.com. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {SPKI-SHA2-256-digest}

is sufficient to match both the bare key and the *same* key embedded
in an X.509v3 certificate.  If for some reason the "bare" keys are
not available in certificate finery, the RRset needs to list multiple
values:

    _443._tcp.www.example.com. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {crt-SPKI-SHA2-256-digest}
    _443._tcp.www.example.com. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {rpk-SPKI-SHA2-256-digest}

Where the first record is for the leaf certificate and the second
is for the bare key, repeated as necessary for additional certs
and additional bare keys, with the usual transitional states for
key rollover.

-- 
	Viktor.


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Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> 
> is sufficient to match both the bare key and the *same* key embedded
> in an X.509v3 certificate.  If for some reason the "bare" keys are
> not available in certificate finery, the RRset needs to list multiple
> values:
> 
>     _443._tcp.www.example.com. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {crt-SPKI-SHA2-256-digest}
>     _443._tcp.www.example.com. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {rpk-SPKI-SHA2-256-digest}
> 
> Where the first record is for the leaf certificate and the second
> is for the bare key, repeated as necessary for additional certs
> and additional bare keys, with the usual transitional states for
> key rollover.

Thank your for agreeing with me.  :)

This is the missing guidance for the server admin that I talked about.

You can not make a DANE/TLSA-aware TLS client that does not support
bare keys at the TLS protocol level, to *not* try matching SPKI TLSA
records to certs exchanged at the TLS protocol level, because it
is not possible to mark an SPKI selector as applying only to bare keys.


-Martin


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On Tue, Jun 24, 2014 at 12:23:57AM +0200, Martin Rex wrote:

> Viktor Dukhovni wrote:
> > 
> > is sufficient to match both the bare key and the *same* key embedded
> > in an X.509v3 certificate.  If for some reason the "bare" keys are
> > not available in certificate finery, the RRset needs to list multiple
> > values:
> > 
> >     _443._tcp.www.example.com. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {crt-SPKI-SHA2-256-digest}
> >     _443._tcp.www.example.com. IN TLSA 3 1 1 {rpk-SPKI-SHA2-256-digest}
> > 
> > Where the first record is for the leaf certificate and the second
> > is for the bare key, repeated as necessary for additional certs
> > and additional bare keys, with the usual transitional states for
> > key rollover.
> 
> Thank your for agreeing with me.  :)

You're welcome.  My expectation is that in most cases, servers that
support both X.509 certs and bare keys, will simply use the keys
embedded in their certs as their bare keys, and the issue will be
moot.

> This is the missing guidance for the server admin that I talked about.

However, explicit guidance would not be out of order.

> You can not make a DANE/TLSA-aware TLS client that does not support
> bare keys at the TLS protocol level, to *not* try matching SPKI TLSA
> records to certs exchanged at the TLS protocol level, because it
> is not possible to mark an SPKI selector as applying only to bare keys.

Yes, this is intentional.  Fortunately, we have a TLSA RRset, rather
than a single RR, to work with and it is possible to public
simultaneous associations for multiple "key material" objects.

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Mon Jun 23 23:17:07 2014
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
 This draft is a work item of the DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities Working Group of the IETF.

        Title           : Updates to and Operational Guidance for the DANE Protocol
        Authors         : Viktor Dukhovni
                          Wes Hardaker
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dane-ops-04.txt
	Pages           : 27
	Date            : 2014-06-23

Abstract:
   This memo clarifies and updates the DANE TLSA protocol based on
   implementation experience since the publication of the original
   specification [RFC6698].  It also contains guidance for DANE
   implementers and operators.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-dane-ops/

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dane-ops-04

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-ietf-dane-ops-04


Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


From nobody Mon Jun 23 23:23:53 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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On Mon, Jun 23, 2014 at 11:17:02PM -0700, internet-drafts@ietf.org wrote:

>  This draft is a work item of the DNS-based Authentication of
> Named Entities Working Group of the IETF.
> 
>         Title           : Updates to and Operational Guidance for the DANE Protocol
>         Authors         : Viktor Dukhovni
>                           Wes Hardaker
> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-dane-ops-04.txt
> 	Pages           : 27
> 	Date            : 2014-06-23
> 
> Abstract:
>    This memo clarifies and updates the DANE TLSA protocol based on
>    implementation experience since the publication of the original
>    specification [RFC6698].  It also contains guidance for DANE
>    implementers and operators.

This draft has been on the back-burner for a while, while work on
the SMTP draft took precedence.  Wes and I have returned our
attention to this document, which is now slated to be a standards-track
update to 6698.  Thus the -04 version is a substantial revision,
and very much still a work in progress, a first step on a new
journey.

If anyone reviewing the document would like to suggest edits, the best
mechanism is perhaps a pull-request at:

    https://github.com/vdukhovni/ietf.git

it would I think be useful for the DANE WG to have a more formal
git repository.  I believe the TLS WG has one now, and perhaps we
can follow their example.

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Tue Jun 24 02:53:13 2014
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This document seems fine as a start for a WG document. 

--Paul Hoffman


From nobody Tue Jun 24 02:58:08 2014
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On Jun 23, 2014, at 4:58 PM, Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:

> Please note that this is to support non-TLS scenarios where the public
> key might not be transfered in-band like in the TLS case.

I see nothing in the draft that suggests that it would update 6698 to =
cover any protocol other than TLS and DTLS. If the WG adopts the =
document, the document should be clearer that the keying material is =
only for TLS and DTLS. Any other use would require a different protocol =
document that would use a different RRtype (even if that RRtype uses the =
same record format.

--Paul Hoffman=


From nobody Tue Jun 24 12:35:21 2014
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> Are you personally aware of any IPR that applies to
> draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00?

I am not aware of any IPR that applies to draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00.

(There is little or no invention in the draft; it applies already-
standardized formats and procedures in a very slightly different
context.)

	John


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Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2014 13:52:39 -0700
From: John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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Paul Wouters said:
> > Please note that this is to support non-TLS scenarios where the public
> > key might not be transferred in-band like in the TLS case. That is,
> > the draft extends 6698 to support publishing any kind of public key
> > in SPKI format for verification. It does not suggest non-SPKI formats.

Paul Hoffman said:
> I see nothing in the draft that suggests that it would update 6698 to
> cover any protocol other than TLS and DTLS. If the WG adopts the
> document, the document should be clearer that the keying material is
> only for TLS and DTLS. Any other use would require a different
> protocol document that would use a different RRtype (even if that
> RRtype uses the same record format.

I see two issues mentioned here.  One is whether the TLSA record
should be deliberately restricted by the WG to never be used by
any protocol other than TLS.  The second is whether TLS always
transfers the public key in-band (thus obviating the need for a way
to publish a TLS key in the DNS).

On the first issue, we are already having to amend the TLSA RFC to
remove deliberate restrictions that were written into it.  I have not
seen any way that these restrictions improve interoperability; in
fact, they detract from interoperability by blocking usages that would
work technically.  The Raw Public Keys TLS extension would not have
needed to amend the TLSA RFC at all, if the TLSA RFC did not contain
explicit wording excluding the use of key formats other than a single
choice.  It could have merely been an add-on extension, if not for
those few restrictive sentences.

In amending the TLSA RFC for raw public keys, we could remove those
deliberate restrictions, and then write new deliberate restrictions.
Paul Hoffman's comment above seems to be advocating for that position.
Instead, I am advocating for not adding restrictions that have no
technical or interoperability rationale.  It is not the role of an
IETF working group to tell users that they are not allowed to use a
protocol that would work for them and that would interoperate cleanly
with other users.  It's like a WG saying, "You can't use the ssh
protocol to implement rsync or git, because ssh is only designed for
interactive shells.  Each of those applications has to design their
own ssh-equivalent protocol", or "The ntpdate program can't use the
NTP protocol to get a single estimate of the current time, because the
protocol is only designed for doing long-term synchronization among
multiple time servers".  To quote Dennis Allison, we should be
standing on each others' shoulders, not each others' toes.

The second issue is the use of the TLSA record to publish a key in its
entirety, rather than to merely authenticate the key with a hash value.
RFC 7250 (raw public keys) specifies that the server will send its raw
public key to the client, in the TLS transaction.  So, in the current
case, authenticating that key is all that is absolutely required.
However, there is a separate TLS WG draft,
draft-ietf-tls-cached-info-16.txt, which provides a way to reduce the
bandwidth required.  It has the client send a hash of the server's raw
public key (or cert chain) that it already knows.  If the server
agrees that that's the public key, it agrees and does not send the
server's public key (or certificate chain) in the TLS transaction.

This draft is optionally used by CoAP without DANE, using a pre-cached
server public key, but its protocol extension can also be used with
DANE.

When this draft TLS extension is used with DANE, the client has the
option to do a TLSA domain lookup first, then, if it receives a full
public key in that TLSA RRset, it can hash the public key and send
that hash when starting the TLS transaction.  If the server agrees
that that hash matches its current public key, it sends back agreement
and doesn't send another copy of the key.

While highly interactive applications like web browsers might not want
to serialize the TLSA lookup and the TLS transaction, serializing them
to reduce transmitted bytes might be a popular implementation choice
for a queued near-realtime application like SMTP, or for a background
operation like checking for or downloading software or firmware
updates.

This is another case (like the ssh example above) where the existing
TLSA protocol provides an easy way to do what is needed to use this
cached-info TLS protocol variant (authentically publish the whole raw
public key).  If we were to add more restrictive wording to the TLSA
definition (for example, if we restricted TLSA to merely being usable
for authentication, never for publication) then that restriction would
prevent users from interoperably doing an obvious thing that they wish
to do.  I suggest that we avoid adding such restrictions.

	John


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>>>>> "JG" == John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com> writes:

JG> In amending the TLSA RFC for raw public keys, we could remove those
JG> deliberate restrictions, and then write new deliberate restrictions.
JG> Paul Hoffman's comment above seems to be advocating for that position.
JG> Instead, I am advocating for not adding restrictions that have no
JG> technical or interoperability rationale.

On that topic, not only do I agree that language which tries to restrict
TLSA records to TLS is undesirable, I cannot discern *any* value in such
restrictions.

The software for any protocol which uses x.509 certs or which can handle
spki-formated transmission of public keys should feel to use tlsa records
to authenticate said certs or spkis.  Even if it is a protocol which does
not listen(2) on a fixed port and therefore would need to search for tlsa
records differently than 6698 describes.

If an alternate use of a given dns rr would lead to some sort of conflict
which would break other uses, there would be valid cause to advocate
against such breakage.  But I do not see how using tlsa records for non-
tls protocols would do that.

-JimC
-- 
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption:	draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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        James:

        Would not SECSH clients in particular be able to benefit from this 
record type for raw public keys, if supported on an Intranet DNS?

                Tom Gindin
P.S.    The above suggestion is mine, and not that of my employer.



From:   James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>
To:     John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com>
Cc:     dane@ietf.org
Date:   06/24/2014 07:31 PM
Subject:        Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: 
draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
Sent by:        "dane" <dane-bounces@ietf.org>



>>>>> "JG" == John Gilmore <gnu@toad.com> writes:

JG> In amending the TLSA RFC for raw public keys, we could remove those
JG> deliberate restrictions, and then write new deliberate restrictions.
JG> Paul Hoffman's comment above seems to be advocating for that position.
JG> Instead, I am advocating for not adding restrictions that have no
JG> technical or interoperability rationale.

On that topic, not only do I agree that language which tries to restrict
TLSA records to TLS is undesirable, I cannot discern *any* value in such
restrictions.

The software for any protocol which uses x.509 certs or which can handle
spki-formated transmission of public keys should feel to use tlsa records
to authenticate said certs or spkis.  Even if it is a protocol which does
not listen(2) on a fixed port and therefore would need to search for tlsa
records differently than 6698 describes.

If an alternate use of a given dns rr would lead to some sort of conflict
which would break other uses, there would be valid cause to advocate
against such breakage.  But I do not see how using tlsa records for non-
tls protocols would do that.

-JimC
-- 
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6

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<font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; James:<br>
</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Would
not SECSH clients in particular be able to benefit from this record type
for raw public keys, if supported on an Intranet DNS?</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Tom
Gindin<br>
P.S. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;The above suggestion is mine, and
not that of my employer.</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">From: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">James Cloos &lt;cloos@jhcloos.com&gt;</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">To: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">John Gilmore &lt;gnu@toad.com&gt;</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">Cc: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">dane@ietf.org</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">Date: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">06/24/2014 07:31 PM</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">Subject: &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">Re: [dane] Compressed
Call for Adoption: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00</font>
<br><font size=1 color=#5f5f5f face="sans-serif">Sent by: &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp;</font><font size=1 face="sans-serif">&quot;dane&quot;
&lt;dane-bounces@ietf.org&gt;</font>
<br>
<hr noshade>
<br>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; &quot;JG&quot; == John Gilmore
&lt;gnu@toad.com&gt; writes:<br>
<br>
JG&gt; In amending the TLSA RFC for raw public keys, we could remove those<br>
JG&gt; deliberate restrictions, and then write new deliberate restrictions.<br>
JG&gt; Paul Hoffman's comment above seems to be advocating for that position.<br>
JG&gt; Instead, I am advocating for not adding restrictions that have no<br>
JG&gt; technical or interoperability rationale.<br>
<br>
On that topic, not only do I agree that language which tries to restrict<br>
TLSA records to TLS is undesirable, I cannot discern *any* value in such<br>
restrictions.<br>
<br>
The software for any protocol which uses x.509 certs or which can handle<br>
spki-formated transmission of public keys should feel to use tlsa records<br>
to authenticate said certs or spkis. &nbsp;Even if it is a protocol which
does<br>
not listen(2) on a fixed port and therefore would need to search for tlsa<br>
records differently than 6698 describes.<br>
<br>
If an alternate use of a given dns rr would lead to some sort of conflict<br>
which would break other uses, there would be valid cause to advocate<br>
against such breakage. &nbsp;But I do not see how using tlsa records for
non-<br>
tls protocols would do that.<br>
<br>
-JimC<br>
-- <br>
James Cloos &lt;cloos@jhcloos.com&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OpenPGP:
0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
dane mailing list<br>
dane@ietf.org<br>
</font></tt><a href=https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dane><tt><font size=2>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dane</font></tt></a><tt><font size=2><br>
<br>
</font></tt>
<br>
--=_alternative 000FCB4E85257D03_=--


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Having read the author's message to the mailing list that he intends =
this draft to update RFC 6698 to apply to unnamed protocols, not just =
TLS, I rescind my support for the draft. I still fully support updating =
6698 to cover "keying material" instead of "certificates" in the manner =
discussed in the -00 draft. I would also support a different draft that =
says "the TLSA record can be used in the following protocols in the =
following fashions".

--Paul Hoffman=


From nobody Thu Jun 26 08:21:12 2014
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From: Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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On Thu, Jun 26, 2014 at 07:22:54AM +0100, Paul Hoffman wrote:

> Having read the author's message to the mailing list that he
> intends this draft to update RFC 6698 to apply to unnamed protocols,
> not just TLS, I rescind my support for the draft. I still fully
> support updating 6698 to cover "keying material" instead of
> "certificates" in the manner discussed in the -00 draft. I would
> also support a different draft that says "the TLSA record can be
> used in the following protocols in the following fashions".

Well, this is not last call, rather a call for adoption.  Perhaps
we can come to rough consensus on this issue after the draft is
adopted?

I can, for example, see using TLSA RRDATA (with a different lookup
key than _port._proto) for cross-realm kerberos without prior manual
keying.  Nico may publish a draft for that at some point...

Now to Paul's point, there will of course need to be a draft
specifying any such use-case.  However, there is perhaps little
harm in allowing the TLSA RRDATA definition in 6698 to not explicitly
exclude other protocols.

To me the part that binds TLSA RRs to transport security is
_port._proto.  The queryname for TLSA RRset is a transport
end-point, hence we're doing transport security.

If instead the DNS lookup were something like:

	_pkcross.athena.mit.edu IN TLSA ?

then we're not doing transport security.  To Paul's point however,
it is a bit less obvious that the various per-protocol specs will
always keep out of each other's way and avoid lookup key collisions
for unrelated services if the RRtype TLSA is SHARED, and only the
various _mumble prefixes differentiate distinct use-cases.

On balance I think it is reasonable to use TLSA RRDATA in more
situations, and support adoption of the draft, which will presumably
evolve to match rough consensus.

-- 
	Viktor.


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On Jun 26, 2014, at 3:26 PM, Viktor Dukhovni <viktor1dane@dukhovni.org> =
wrote:

> On Thu, Jun 26, 2014 at 07:22:54AM +0100, Paul Hoffman wrote:
>=20
>> Having read the author's message to the mailing list that he
>> intends this draft to update RFC 6698 to apply to unnamed protocols,
>> not just TLS, I rescind my support for the draft. I still fully
>> support updating 6698 to cover "keying material" instead of
>> "certificates" in the manner discussed in the -00 draft. I would
>> also support a different draft that says "the TLSA record can be
>> used in the following protocols in the following fashions".
>=20
> Well, this is not last call, rather a call for adoption.  Perhaps
> we can come to rough consensus on this issue after the draft is
> adopted?

Sure. However, when someone publishes a -00, and during the call for =
adoption says "and I intend to add a major change that wasn't even =
hinted at in the -00", I think it is worth the WG to pause a bit.

> I can, for example, see using TLSA RRDATA (with a different lookup
> key than _port._proto) for cross-realm kerberos without prior manual
> keying.  Nico may publish a draft for that at some point...

Absolutely. However, if you're talking about changing the lookup =
mechanism, then it is no longer a simple change to the the base spec. =
Thus, my proposal to collect all non-TLS use of TLSA record in a =
different document.

> Now to Paul's point, there will of course need to be a draft
> specifying any such use-case.  However, there is perhaps little
> harm in allowing the TLSA RRDATA definition in 6698 to not explicitly
> exclude other protocols.

RFC 6698 already excludes non-TLS use throughout the document by talking =
about TLS as the only applicable protocol.

> To me the part that binds TLSA RRs to transport security is
> _port._proto.  The queryname for TLSA RRset is a transport
> end-point, hence we're doing transport security.
>=20
> If instead the DNS lookup were something like:
>=20
> 	_pkcross.athena.mit.edu IN TLSA ?
>=20
> then we're not doing transport security.  To Paul's point however,
> it is a bit less obvious that the various per-protocol specs will
> always keep out of each other's way and avoid lookup key collisions
> for unrelated services if the RRtype TLSA is SHARED, and only the
> various _mumble prefixes differentiate distinct use-cases.
>=20
> On balance I think it is reasonable to use TLSA RRDATA in more
> situations, and support adoption of the draft, which will presumably
> evolve to match rough consensus.

I'm with you there up to the last bit. It will take much longer to come =
to consensus on a catch-all document than it will one that, like =
draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00, is just about allowing raw keys for TLSA =
for TLS.

--Paul Hoffman=


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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:
    >> beyond even raw public keys).  My best guess is that were some
    >> other kind of "key material" to be used with TLS, that is not in
    >> SPKI format,

    > Please note that this is to support non-TLS scenarios where the public
    > key might not be transfered in-band like in the TLS case. That is,
    > the draft extends 6698 to support publishing any kind of public key
    > in SPKI format for verification. It does not suggest non-SPKI formats.

When you write SPKI, do you mean rfc2692/93?  Or something else?

--
]               Never tell me the odds!                 | ipv6 mesh networks [
]   Michael Richardson, Sandelman Software Works        | network architect  [
]     mcr@sandelman.ca  http://www.sandelman.ca/        |   ruby on rails    [


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--=-=-=


I have read draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys.
I think that some of the goal text in section 4, that explains that this
mechanism can be used for both certificate and raw key based TLS, should move
much earlier in the document.

My impression is that this document does not require any new assigned
numbers or protocol values, but rather simply explains how a raw key can be
contained in a minimal DER encoded format such that it can be contained in
the TLSA record.  I found reading the document difficult as it contained too
many "extende" statements; likely this is because I have not done a TLSA
implementation so I am not sufficiently familiar with the underlying data
structures.

Mention of a way to validate a key by hash is mentioned, but I'm unclear how
that works from my first reading.

I support adoption of this document; it needs a co-author.

--
Michael Richardson <mcr+IETF@sandelman.ca>, Sandelman Software Works
 -= IPv6 IoT consulting =-




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--=-=-=--


From nobody Fri Jun 27 11:21:32 2014
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Subject: Re: [dane] Compressed Call for Adoption: draft-gilmore-dane-rawkeys-00
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On Wed, Jun 25, 2014 at 08:47:48AM -0400, Michael Richardson wrote:

> My impression is that this document does not require any new assigned
> numbers or protocol values, but rather simply explains how a raw key can be
> contained in a minimal DER encoded format such that it can be contained in
> the TLSA record.

More typically, the record will hold a digest, not the full key.
Matching type Full(0) is not recommended, at least for RSA keys,
which are quite large.

> Mention of a way to validate a key by hash is mentioned, but I'm unclear how
> that works from my first reading.

The peer presents the key in-band (TLS handshake, for example).
The client checks that the key matches the hash in the TLSA record.
The TLSA record is a binding between a DNS name and a public key,
so a binding to a key digest (given a strong digest) is just as
good.

-- 
	Viktor.


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>>>>> "MR" == Michael Richardson <mcr@sandelman.ca> writes:

MR> When you write SPKI, do you mean rfc2692/93?  Or something else?

See section 3 of rfc 7250, now that it is released.

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7250

-JimC
-- 
James Cloos <cloos@jhcloos.com>         OpenPGP: 0x997A9F17ED7DAEA6


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On Fri, 27 Jun 2014, Viktor Dukhovni wrote:

> On Wed, Jun 25, 2014 at 08:47:48AM -0400, Michael Richardson wrote:
>
>> My impression is that this document does not require any new assigned
>> numbers or protocol values, but rather simply explains how a raw key can be
>> contained in a minimal DER encoded format such that it can be contained in
>> the TLSA record.
>
> More typically, the record will hold a digest, not the full key.

That's one use - not the exclusive use. A TLSA record can also be
sed to securely publish public keys.

> Matching type Full(0) is not recommended, at least for RSA keys,
> which are quite large.

Perhaps for use with TLS yes, because the public key is transfered
within TLS already. That might not be true of other protocols that
would like to lookup a public key structure with DANE/DNSSEC.

>> Mention of a way to validate a key by hash is mentioned, but I'm unclear how
>> that works from my first reading.
>
> The peer presents the key in-band (TLS handshake, for example).
> The client checks that the key matches the hash in the TLSA record.
> The TLSA record is a binding between a DNS name and a public key,
> so a binding to a key digest (given a strong digest) is just as
> good.

That's right.

Paul


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On Wed, 25 Jun 2014, Michael Richardson wrote:

> I found reading the document difficult as it contained too
> many "extende" statements; likely this is because I have not done a TLSA
> implementation so I am not sufficiently familiar with the underlying data
> structures.

I agree. I had proposed some alternative text for John. I'll see if we
can figure out a way to make it more readable without the document being
a checklist of corrections for another document.

Paul

