From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue May 31 23:41:47 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 13:39:40 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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In the draft it states:

   "The list will be
    referred to in this document as "DNAPrefixList".  For each prefix the
    router MUST store the following information:

    1.  Prefix

    2.  Prefix length

    3.  Valid lifetime

    4.  Time last refreshed"

In my (existing) implementation I'm storing the expiry time
of the prefix (which is calculated based on the valid lifetime
at the RA reception time).

Is this insufficient?

I can understand having an indication of when data expires,
but it seems overkill explicitly pointing out which data types
have to be internally stored in the host unless there's
further reasons behind it.

Would it be possible to make this descriptive and informational
(being internal to the host) rather than prescriptive,
using standards language?

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue May 31 23:42:07 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 13:41:34 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Re: MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
In-reply-to: <429D2DFC.1080806@eng.monash.edu.au>
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My apologies, I forgot the section number:

That's in section 5.1.1

Greg Daley wrote:
> In the draft it states:
> 
>   "The list will be
>    referred to in this document as "DNAPrefixList".  For each prefix the
>    router MUST store the following information:
> 
>    1.  Prefix
> 
>    2.  Prefix length
> 
>    3.  Valid lifetime
> 
>    4.  Time last refreshed"
> 
> In my (existing) implementation I'm storing the expiry time
> of the prefix (which is calculated based on the valid lifetime
> at the RA reception time).
> 
> Is this insufficient?
> 
> I can understand having an indication of when data expires,
> but it seems overkill explicitly pointing out which data types
> have to be internally stored in the host unless there's
> further reasons behind it.
> 
> Would it be possible to make this descriptive and informational
> (being internal to the host) rather than prescriptive,
> using standards language?
> 
> Greg
> 


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue May 31 23:46:43 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 13:46:00 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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I'm confused by this statement in the draft:

In Section 5.1.4:

"... If the RS contains a Landmark Option whose prefix does not
  match any of those in the interface's stored prefix list, then
  the Landmark option with the Landmark prefix is included in the
  RA but with the No flag set.  All fixed options (MTU,
  Advertisement Interval, flags, etc.) are added to the Router
  Advertisement.  Prefix Information Options for any explicitly
  configured prefixes SHOULD be added to the Router
  Advertisement, while the DNAO for learned prefixes MUST not be
  added."

Is there a reason why DNAO MUST NOT be sent in this case?

Isn't it useful to indicate immediately which of the
prefixes are available on the new link?

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 00:24:31 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 14:22:08 +1000
From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Re: MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Yes, that sounds reasonable.  Perhaps we need some text that states
that how the information is stored internally is up to the implementor,
as long as the result is the same as described.

Brett.

Greg Daley wrote:
> My apologies, I forgot the section number:
> 
> That's in section 5.1.1
> 
> Greg Daley wrote:
> 
>> In the draft it states:
>>
>>   "The list will be
>>    referred to in this document as "DNAPrefixList".  For each prefix the
>>    router MUST store the following information:
>>
>>    1.  Prefix
>>
>>    2.  Prefix length
>>
>>    3.  Valid lifetime
>>
>>    4.  Time last refreshed"
>>
>> In my (existing) implementation I'm storing the expiry time
>> of the prefix (which is calculated based on the valid lifetime
>> at the RA reception time).
>>
>> Is this insufficient?
>>
>> I can understand having an indication of when data expires,
>> but it seems overkill explicitly pointing out which data types
>> have to be internally stored in the host unless there's
>> further reasons behind it.
>>
>> Would it be possible to make this descriptive and informational
>> (being internal to the host) rather than prescriptive,
>> using standards language?
>>
>> Greg
>>

-- 
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  Brett Pentland                  brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au
  CTIE - Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering
  Department  of  Electrical  and   Computer  Systems  Engineering
  Monash University, VIC, 3800,                          Australia
  Phone : +61 3 9905-5245                    Fax : +61 3 9905-3454
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 00:27:41 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 14:27:05 +1000
From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
In-reply-to: <429D2F78.1000008@eng.monash.edu.au>
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MUST NOT is probably too strong.  SHOULD NOT or even MAY NOT
might be ok.  I don't think there's much value
in the DNA option in this case, because the host cannot use the
prefixes in it for configuration. Those same prefixes
should arrive in PIOs in RAs from the router(s) where they are
explicitly configured, very soon anyway.

Brett.

Greg Daley wrote:
> I'm confused by this statement in the draft:
> 
> In Section 5.1.4:
> 
> "... If the RS contains a Landmark Option whose prefix does not
>  match any of those in the interface's stored prefix list, then
>  the Landmark option with the Landmark prefix is included in the
>  RA but with the No flag set.  All fixed options (MTU,
>  Advertisement Interval, flags, etc.) are added to the Router
>  Advertisement.  Prefix Information Options for any explicitly
>  configured prefixes SHOULD be added to the Router
>  Advertisement, while the DNAO for learned prefixes MUST not be
>  added."
> 
> Is there a reason why DNAO MUST NOT be sent in this case?
> 
> Isn't it useful to indicate immediately which of the
> prefixes are available on the new link?
> 
> Greg


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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] No FastRA unless Landmark?  (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Hi,

In section 5.1.5, the proposal says:

"If the source address of the Router Solicitation is the
  Unspecified Address or if it does not contain a landmark option,
  then the router builds a CompleteRA and schedules it for multicast
  transmission as per RFC 2461.  The interface MUST remain in the
  UnicastSender state."

Is it intended that hosts which don't divulge their previously
attached prefix in a RS landmark option aren't provided with
FastRA service?

Greg



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 00:38:10 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 14:36:39 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Re: No FastRA unless Landmark?  (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Sorry to reply to myself again.

Also, the subsequent paragraph has the same logic.

"If the source address of the RS is NOT the unspecified address,
  AND the RS message contains a Landmark option, the router consumes
  one unicast send token and then builds a Router Advertisement as
  follows:"


It would be good to know why Hash Based Fast RA (based on the
source address only) requires the Landmark Option.

Greg



Greg Daley wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> In section 5.1.5, the proposal says:
> 
> "If the source address of the Router Solicitation is the
>  Unspecified Address or if it does not contain a landmark option,
>  then the router builds a CompleteRA and schedules it for multicast
>  transmission as per RFC 2461.  The interface MUST remain in the
>  UnicastSender state."
> 
> Is it intended that hosts which don't divulge their previously
> attached prefix in a RS landmark option aren't provided with
> FastRA service?
> 
> Greg
> 
> 


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 00:53:13 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 14:52:13 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] leaving out options on Landmark RA = Yes
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?
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Dear WG,

The contents of Landmark RAs with the Yes flag set
are described in two locations:

Section 3.2:

"In the case when the host is still attached to the same link, which
  might occur when the host has changed from using one layer 2 access
  point to another, but the access points are on the same link, the
  Router Advertisement(s) it receives will contain a "yes, that prefix
  is on this link" answer, and no other information.  Thus, such RA
  messages are quite small."

Section 5.1.5:

"If the RS contains a Landmark Option whose prefix matches one
  of those in the interface's stored prefix list, then the
  Landmark option with the Landmark prefix is included in the RA
  but with the Yes flag set.  At this point the RA is ready for
  transmission, and is scheduled as specified in Section 5.1.7."

I have a comment and question.

Comment:

The descriptions here ignore SEND options, which need to be included
if SEND is used.  This will increase the size of the RA.

Question:

Can we have standards language for this?

There's no flexibility in the description of what options are
able to be included in the "Yes" Landmark. That sounds like a
MUST NOT include other PIO, DNAO. etc.

Personally, I'd prefer something saying something like

"RAs with the 'Yes' Flag set in a Landmark option MAY leave out all
configuration related options such as PIOs, DNAOs, Advertisement
Intervals etc, since this information is assumed to have
already been received to be able to construct a matching
Landmark Router Solicitation".

I'd prefer MAY to SHOULD or MUST, since it's an optimization,
and the presence of additional options doesn't harm hosts.

In RADVD, it's easier for me to not remove the other options
in the RA just because the Landmark option Yes flag is set.

Greg



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 00:55:11 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 14:54:44 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Hi Brett,

Brett Pentland wrote:
> MUST NOT is probably too strong.  SHOULD NOT or even MAY NOT
> might be ok.  I don't think there's much value
> in the DNA option in this case, because the host cannot use the
> prefixes in it for configuration. Those same prefixes
> should arrive in PIOs in RAs from the router(s) where they are
> explicitly configured, very soon anyway.

Can't the host use the prefixes learnt from the DNAO to not be
surprised by prefixes in responding RAs (which may not be DNA RAs)
to its existing solicitation?

Greg


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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 10:24:47 +0530
From: Ranjitsinh Wable <wable@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Hi Greg,

I agree on your point. But as per my understanding this is the case when
the node has moved to the new link and want to configure
 the address and based on the source address of the RS
and ranking the router which decide to respond need to send its prefixes.
Router can send all the learned prefixes but at this point of time the
host will not be interested in learned prefix information unless host have
any preferences of prefixes and based on this information want to wait for 
more RAs.
So there is no point in adding this information and the consuming the 
bandwidth.

This is my understanding but its better if authors clear the point.

Thanks and Regards,

Wable R. U.
----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Greg Daley" <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
To: <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Wednesday, June 01, 2005 9:16 AM
Subject: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO? 
(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)


> I'm confused by this statement in the draft:
>
> In Section 5.1.4:
>
> "... If the RS contains a Landmark Option whose prefix does not
>  match any of those in the interface's stored prefix list, then
>  the Landmark option with the Landmark prefix is included in the
>  RA but with the No flag set.  All fixed options (MTU,
>  Advertisement Interval, flags, etc.) are added to the Router
>  Advertisement.  Prefix Information Options for any explicitly
>  configured prefixes SHOULD be added to the Router
>  Advertisement, while the DNAO for learned prefixes MUST not be
>  added."
>
> Is there a reason why DNAO MUST NOT be sent in this case?
>
> Isn't it useful to indicate immediately which of the
> prefixes are available on the new link?
>
> Greg
>
> 



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Subject: RE: [DNA] Re: MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Thread-Topic: [DNA] Re: MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Brett,

> Yes, that sounds reasonable.  Perhaps we need some text that states
> that how the information is stored internally is up to the implementor,
> as long as the result is the same as described.

It wouldn't hurt to mention the types of things that could be stored, without
using keywords, as a guide to implementors. IF you describe the reults needed,
implementers will come back asking what kind of things to store.  I think
Greg was just pointing out that the current text should be softened, explaining
that the things in the list are examples of what could be stored ...

John


> Greg Daley wrote:
> > My apologies, I forgot the section number:
> > 
> > That's in section 5.1.1
> > 
> > Greg Daley wrote:
> > 
> >> In the draft it states:
> >>
> >>   "The list will be
> >>    referred to in this document as "DNAPrefixList".  For 
> each prefix the
> >>    router MUST store the following information:
> >>
> >>    1.  Prefix
> >>
> >>    2.  Prefix length
> >>
> >>    3.  Valid lifetime
> >>
> >>    4.  Time last refreshed"
> >>
> >> In my (existing) implementation I'm storing the expiry time
> >> of the prefix (which is calculated based on the valid lifetime
> >> at the RA reception time).
> >>
> >> Is this insufficient?
> >>
> >> I can understand having an indication of when data expires,
> >> but it seems overkill explicitly pointing out which data types
> >> have to be internally stored in the host unless there's
> >> further reasons behind it.
> >>
> >> Would it be possible to make this descriptive and informational
> >> (being internal to the host) rather than prescriptive,
> >> using standards language?
> >>
> >> Greg
> >>
> 
> -- 
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>   Brett Pentland                  brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au
>   CTIE - Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering
>   Department  of  Electrical  and   Computer  Systems  Engineering
>   Monash University, VIC, 3800,                          Australia
>   Phone : +61 3 9905-5245                    Fax : +61 3 9905-3454
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 01:46:50 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 15:44:50 +1000
From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Re: MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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I think there is a sort of middle ground that is needed.  There is
a MUST in the sense that the information represented in those four
points is essential to the operation of the protocol, but in the
case that Greg pointed out, it doesn't matter whether the time last
refreshed is stored and an expiry time calculated from that, or an
expiry time is stored explicitly, as long as the information goes
away when the expiry time arrives.

Brett.

john.loughney@nokia.com wrote:
> Brett,
> 
> 
>>Yes, that sounds reasonable.  Perhaps we need some text that states
>>that how the information is stored internally is up to the implementor,
>>as long as the result is the same as described.
> 
> 
> It wouldn't hurt to mention the types of things that could be stored, without
> using keywords, as a guide to implementors. IF you describe the reults needed,
> implementers will come back asking what kind of things to store.  I think
> Greg was just pointing out that the current text should be softened, explaining
> that the things in the list are examples of what could be stored ...
> 
> John
> 
> 
> 
>>Greg Daley wrote:
>>
>>>My apologies, I forgot the section number:
>>>
>>>That's in section 5.1.1
>>>
>>>Greg Daley wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>>In the draft it states:
>>>>
>>>>  "The list will be
>>>>   referred to in this document as "DNAPrefixList".  For 
>>
>>each prefix the
>>
>>>>   router MUST store the following information:
>>>>
>>>>   1.  Prefix
>>>>
>>>>   2.  Prefix length
>>>>
>>>>   3.  Valid lifetime
>>>>
>>>>   4.  Time last refreshed"
>>>>
>>>>In my (existing) implementation I'm storing the expiry time
>>>>of the prefix (which is calculated based on the valid lifetime
>>>>at the RA reception time).
>>>>
>>>>Is this insufficient?
>>>>
>>>>I can understand having an indication of when data expires,
>>>>but it seems overkill explicitly pointing out which data types
>>>>have to be internally stored in the host unless there's
>>>>further reasons behind it.
>>>>
>>>>Would it be possible to make this descriptive and informational
>>>>(being internal to the host) rather than prescriptive,
>>>>using standards language?
>>>>
>>>>Greg
>>>>
>>
>>-- 
>>  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>>  Brett Pentland                  brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au
>>  CTIE - Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering
>>  Department  of  Electrical  and   Computer  Systems  Engineering
>>  Monash University, VIC, 3800,                          Australia
>>  Phone : +61 3 9905-5245                    Fax : +61 3 9905-3454
>>  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>>

-- 
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  Brett Pentland                  brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au
  CTIE - Centre for Telecommunications and Information Engineering
  Department  of  Electrical  and   Computer  Systems  Engineering
  Monash University, VIC, 3800,                          Australia
  Phone : +61 3 9905-5245                    Fax : +61 3 9905-3454
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 01:52:43 2005
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From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Greg Daley wrote:
> Hi Brett,
> 
> Brett Pentland wrote:
> 
>> MUST NOT is probably too strong.  SHOULD NOT or even MAY NOT
>> might be ok.  I don't think there's much value
>> in the DNA option in this case, because the host cannot use the
>> prefixes in it for configuration. Those same prefixes
>> should arrive in PIOs in RAs from the router(s) where they are
>> explicitly configured, very soon anyway.
> 
> 
> Can't the host use the prefixes learnt from the DNAO to not be
> surprised by prefixes in responding RAs (which may not be DNA RAs)
> to its existing solicitation?

Yes, but the DNA router responses would usually be received first,
and the non-DNA router responses would have to be dealt with using
CPL logic anyway, and shouldn't cause confusion.

Brett.


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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 15:59:47 +0530
From: Subba Reddy <subbareddy@samsung.com>
Subject: [DNA] Comments on DNAv6 (draft-dnadt-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Hi,
   
   few comments and questions on the DNAv6 draft.

1. In Section 3.2

"....    In the case when the landmark prefix is unknown to the responding
   router, the host will receive a "No" answer to its landmark question,
   and also the information it needs to configure itself for the new
   link.  The routers try to include as much information as possible in
                                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   such messages, so that the host can be informed of all the prefixes
   assigned to the new link as soon as possible."

but as per section 5.1.5, DNAO for learned prefixes must not be added in the unicast RAs.
i.e, we are not adding as much information as possible.

2. While bootstrapping DNA data structures(section 5.1.3), 
     a) will the router reply for RSs without landmark option (may be sent by other routers)
     b) will the router reply for RSs that contains landmark option (may be sent by DNA host)

3. While a router is in multicast sender state (during 3 seconds), will it increase the token count or will it consider the token count as MaxUnicastRABurst?

4. In section 5.2.4, 

 ".....If the unicast Router Advertisement contains a Landmark option
      that matches the Landmark Option in the last transmitted Router
      Solicitation ....."

Is a case where, a unicast router advertisement comes without landmark option is possible? (DNA routers which are bootstrapping may just send RA) If possible, some text which tells what to do in such cases may need to be added. 

5. To deal with amplification effect, what about having a threshold on number of routers sending fast RA? For example, only first 5 routers (as per the fast RA rankings) only will reply for RSs (in addition to the method specified in the draft)


Here are some typo errors
1. In section 5.1.1

"   The routers maintain a set of conceptual data structures for each
   interface to track the prefixes advertised by other routers on the
   link, and also the set of DNA routers (the routers that will quickly
   respond to RAs) on the link.  For each interface, routers maintain a
   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   list of all prefixes advertised on the link.  The list will be
   referred to in this document as "DNAPrefixList".  For each prefix the
   router MUST store the following information:"

  I think it is either "the routers that will quickly respond with RAs" or 
"the routers that will quickly respond to RSs"

2. In section 5.1.4
"   When a router receives a Router Advertisement, it first validates the
   RA per the rules in RFC 2461, and then performs the actions specified
  ^^^^^^^^
   in RFC 2461."

"RA as per"


Thanks & Regards,
Subba Reddy

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<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Hi,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>&nbsp;&nbsp; few comments and questions on the DNAv6 
draft.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>1. In Section 3.2</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>"....&nbsp;<FONT size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp; In the case 
when the landmark prefix is unknown to the responding<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; router, 
the host will receive a "No" answer to its landmark question,<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; 
and also the information it needs to configure itself for the 
new<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; link.&nbsp; The routers try to include as much information 
as possible in</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><FONT 
size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; such messages, so that the host 
can be informed of all the prefixes<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; assigned to the new link as 
soon as possible.<FONT size=2>"</FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><FONT size=3><FONT 
size=2></FONT></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>but as per section 5.1.5, DNAO for learned prefixes must 
not be added in the unicast RAs.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>i.e, we are not adding as much information as 
possible.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>2. While bootstrapping DNA data structures(section 5.1.3), 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a) will the router reply for 
RSs&nbsp;without landmark option (may be sent by other routers)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b) will the router reply for RSs 
that contains landmark option&nbsp;(may be sent by DNA host)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>3.&nbsp;While a router is in multicast sender state 
(during 3 seconds), will it increase the token count or will it consider the 
token count as MaxUnicastRABurst?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT><FONT face=Arial>4. In section 5.2.4, </FONT></DIV><FONT 
size=2></FONT><FONT size=2></FONT><FONT size=2></FONT><FONT size=2></FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT 
face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR></FONT><FONT 
face=Arial>&nbsp;".....If the unicast Router Advertisement contains a Landmark 
option<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; that matches the Landmark Option in the 
last transmitted Router<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Solicitation 
....."</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Is a case where, a unicast router advertisement comes 
without landmark option is possible? <FONT face=Arial>(DNA routers which are 
bootstrapping may just send RA) </FONT>If possible, some text which tells what 
to do in such cases may need to be added.&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>5. To deal with amplification effect, what about having a 
threshold on number of routers sending fast RA? For example, only first 5 
routers (as per the fast RA rankings) only will reply for RSs (in addition to 
the method specified in the draft)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Here are some typo errors</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>1. In section 5.1.1</FONT><FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>"&nbsp;&nbsp; The routers maintain a set of conceptual 
data structures for each<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; interface to track the prefixes 
advertised by other routers on the<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; link, and also the set of DNA 
routers (the routers that will quickly<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; respond to RAs) on the 
link.&nbsp; For each interface, routers maintain 
a<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><FONT size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp; list of all prefixes 
advertised on the link.&nbsp; The list will be<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; referred to in 
this document as "DNAPrefixList".&nbsp; For each prefix the<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; 
router MUST store the following information:</FONT><FONT 
size=2>"</FONT></FONT></DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT 
face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR><FONT face=Arial>&nbsp; I think 
it is either "the routers that will quickly respond&nbsp;with RAs" or 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>"the routers that will quickly respond&nbsp;to 
RSs"</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>2. In section 5.1.4</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>"&nbsp;&nbsp; When a router receives a Router 
Advertisement, it first validates the<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; RA per the rules in RFC 
2461, and then performs the actions specified</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>&nbsp; ^^^^^^^^<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; in RFC 2461."</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>"RA as per"</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Thanks &amp; Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Subba Reddy</FONT></DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>

--Boundary_(ID_t1H06US/Bvl0oE+E+b26Ww)--


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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 09:24:17 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unless Landmark?	(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Greg -

> 
> In section 5.1.5, the proposal says:
> 
> "If the source address of the Router Solicitation is the
>  Unspecified Address or if it does not contain a landmark option,
>  then the router builds a CompleteRA and schedules it for multicast
>  transmission as per RFC 2461.  The interface MUST remain in the
>  UnicastSender state."
> 
> Is it intended that hosts which don't divulge their previously
> attached prefix in a RS landmark option aren't provided with FastRA service?

No. 

Looks like there are two reasons why a host will not include a landmark option (I thought about only the first):
1) Host is a non-DNA host
2) Host doesn't want to divulge their landmark

The text in the draft is targetted at the first case, i.e. if the RS message doesn't have a landmark option it is a non-DNA host. The only way to help out the host is by sending a CompleteRA because the router doesn't not know what question to answer. For a non-DNA host, a completeRA will be only partially helpful, if it hasn't moved link and sees its current prefix in the completeRA in a PIO - because it can neither recognize the completeRA bit nor the DNAO. Sending too-many unicast CompleteRA with the hope that it is useful for the host is not good for link-utilization and hence the recommendation.

Now, I think, the same logic applies for the second case too, even though a DNA-host could receive better benefit from the CompleteRA. The router has no-way of knowing whether the sender is a dna-host or not.

So, the question is do you (WG) think that it makes sense to respond with a CompleteRA message every time a RS message without a landmark arrives. IMHO, no.

regards,
Sathya



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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 09:32:36 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] leaving out options on Landmark RA
	=Yes(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?
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Greg -

Under the assumption that the 'Yes' case is more likely, i.e. the ratio AP/AR is big, it makes sense to emphasize the importance of this optimization by making it a MUST/SHOULD, IMHO. With the size of PIOs, possibly many of them and wireless channels etc., there is possibly significant savings in link-utilization.

- Sathya

----- Original Message -----
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Date: Wednesday, June 1, 2005 0:52 am
Subject: [DNA] leaving out options on Landmark RA = Yes(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?

> Dear WG,
> 
> The contents of Landmark RAs with the Yes flag set
> are described in two locations:
> 
> Section 3.2:
> 
> "In the case when the host is still attached to the same link, which
>  might occur when the host has changed from using one layer 2 access
>  point to another, but the access points are on the same link, the
>  Router Advertisement(s) it receives will contain a "yes, that prefix
>  is on this link" answer, and no other information.  Thus, such RA
>  messages are quite small."
> 
> Section 5.1.5:
> 
> "If the RS contains a Landmark Option whose prefix matches one
>  of those in the interface's stored prefix list, then the
>  Landmark option with the Landmark prefix is included in the RA
>  but with the Yes flag set.  At this point the RA is ready for
>  transmission, and is scheduled as specified in Section 5.1.7."
> 
> I have a comment and question.
> 
> Comment:
> 
> The descriptions here ignore SEND options, which need to be included
> if SEND is used.  This will increase the size of the RA.
> 
> Question:
> 
> Can we have standards language for this?
> 
> There's no flexibility in the description of what options are
> able to be included in the "Yes" Landmark. That sounds like a
> MUST NOT include other PIO, DNAO. etc.
> 
> Personally, I'd prefer something saying something like
> 
> "RAs with the 'Yes' Flag set in a Landmark option MAY leave out all
> configuration related options such as PIOs, DNAOs, Advertisement
> Intervals etc, since this information is assumed to have
> already been received to be able to construct a matching
> Landmark Router Solicitation".
> 
> I'd prefer MAY to SHOULD or MUST, since it's an optimization,
> and the presence of additional options doesn't harm hosts.
> 
> In RADVD, it's easier for me to not remove the other options
> in the RA just because the Landmark option Yes flag is set.
> 
> Greg
> 
> 



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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 20:23:10 +0530
From: Syam Madanapalli <smadanapalli@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unless Landmark? (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Hi Sathya

> 
> So, the question is do you (WG) think that it makes sense to respond with a CompleteRA message every time a RS message without a landmark arrives. IMHO, no.

I think it may make sense to send a completeRA every time an RS is received. 
For example if I prefer implementing Link Identifier based approach instead of 
Landmark based approach, the complete RA is useful. 

The FastRA method should have been a seperate draft, unless we are going to
have a single DNA solution.

> 
> regards,
> Sathya
> 
>


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 12:46:16 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 09:45:20 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Re: No FastRA unless Landmark?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Greg Daley wrote:

> "If the source address of the RS is NOT the unspecified address,
>  AND the RS message contains a Landmark option, the router consumes
>  one unicast send token and then builds a Router Advertisement as
>  follows:"
> 
> 
> It would be good to know why Hash Based Fast RA (based on the
> source address only) requires the Landmark Option.

I don't think it does. The current text might just reflect the focus on 
the most important cases, and also tries to limit the number of cases.

But the fastRA decision could be made to be orthogonal to the content of 
the RA (i.e. whether there is a LO or not).

   Erik



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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 10:52:37 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Greg,

Thanks for your comments on the draft.

Greg Daley wrote:
> In the draft it states:
> 
>   "The list will be
>    referred to in this document as "DNAPrefixList".  For each prefix the
>    router MUST store the following information:
> 
>    1.  Prefix
> 
>    2.  Prefix length
> 
>    3.  Valid lifetime
> 
>    4.  Time last refreshed"
> 
> In my (existing) implementation I'm storing the expiry time
> of the prefix (which is calculated based on the valid lifetime
> at the RA reception time).

Is this for #3 above? Are you also storing #4?

> Is this insufficient?

Storing the expiry time for the valid lifetime is what's needed for #3.

> I can understand having an indication of when data expires,
> but it seems overkill explicitly pointing out which data types
> have to be internally stored in the host unless there's
> further reasons behind it.
> 
> Would it be possible to make this descriptive and informational
> (being internal to the host) rather than prescriptive,
> using standards language?

The intent is to provide enough *conceptual* data structure descriptions 
so that the protocol can be described in detail, but not constrain how 
an implementation actual does things as long as the externally visible 
behavior of the implementation is consistent with the specification.

There is text in section 5 in RFC 2461 which says this, so perhaps we 
can just borrow that text.

    Erik


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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 10:59:16 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] leaving out options on Landmark RA = Yes
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?
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Greg Daley wrote:

> Comment:
> 
> The descriptions here ignore SEND options, which need to be included
> if SEND is used.  This will increase the size of the RA.

Probably.
I haven't looked at exactly what SEND information would be needed in the 
different cases of an RA being sent.
If the host didn't move, the RAs will in most cases be sent from routers 
that the host has previously received RAs from, thus the SEND 
information can be minimized.
But when the landmark indicates that the host has moved it makes sense 
for the RAs to include more SEND information if that makes a SEND host 
complete the movement faster.

Is anybody looking at the details of how SEND and DNA can interact 
efficiently?

> Question:
> 
> Can we have standards language for this?
> 
> There's no flexibility in the description of what options are
> able to be included in the "Yes" Landmark. That sounds like a
> MUST NOT include other PIO, DNAO. etc.

In think the text in section 3 is fine with its use of English, because 
it tries to introduce the concepts by saying what typically happens.
But in the core of the draft it makes sense being more specific.

> Personally, I'd prefer something saying something like
> 
> "RAs with the 'Yes' Flag set in a Landmark option MAY leave out all
> configuration related options such as PIOs, DNAOs, Advertisement
> Intervals etc, since this information is assumed to have
> already been received to be able to construct a matching
> Landmark Router Solicitation".
> 
> I'd prefer MAY to SHOULD or MUST, since it's an optimization,
> and the presence of additional options doesn't harm hosts.

My gut feel is that we should make it a SHOULD NOT, because the host 
doesn't have any need for this extra stuff, and one of the DNA goals is 
to be efficient.

> In RADVD, it's easier for me to not remove the other options
> in the RA just because the Landmark option Yes flag is set.

And the purpose of a SHOULD NOT would be to make you do the work :-), so 
that we can get an efficient way to do DNA.

    Erik


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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 11:02:04 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Greg Daley wrote:

> Can't the host use the prefixes learnt from the DNAO to not be
> surprised by prefixes in responding RAs (which may not be DNA RAs)
> to its existing solicitation?

What did you have in mind the host would actually do to be "less surprised"?

If it records the DNAO prefix somehow, what would it then do when it
  - receives an RA with a prefix which was recorded from the DNAO
  - receives an RA with a new prefix which was not recorded from a DNAO?

FWIW the conceptual data structures in RFC 2461 can only capture 
prefixes for which all the information in the PIO is present, i.e. the 
lifetimes and the flags must be includes.

    Erik


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 14:12:24 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 11:11:58 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Comments on DNAv6 (draft-dnadt-dna-protocol-00.txt)
In-reply-to: <012601c56694$d7730700$39476c6b@sisodomain.com>
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To: Subba Reddy <subbareddy@samsung.com>
Cc: dna@eng.monash.edu.au, Syam Madanpalli <syam@samsung.com>
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Subba Reddy wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> few comments and questions on the DNAv6 draft.

Thanks for the comments.

> 1. In Section 3.2
> 
> "....    In the case when the landmark prefix is unknown to the
> responding router, the host will receive a "No" answer to its
> landmark question, and also the information it needs to configure
> itself for the new link.  The routers try to include as much
> information as possible in ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ such
> messages, so that the host can be informed of all the prefixes 
> assigned to the new link as soon as possible."
> 
> but as per section 5.1.5, DNAO for learned prefixes must not be added
> in the unicast RAs. i.e, we are not adding as much information as
> possible.

Well, sending DNAOs to hosts when responding yes or no to a landmark 
question doesn't actually provide the host with any (useful) 
information. In order to provide information to the host in a "no" 
landmark RA, the DNAO would have to include the prefix lifetimes and the 
flags.

> 2. While bootstrapping DNA data structures(section 5.1.3), a) will
> the router reply for RSs without landmark option (may be sent by
> other routers) b) will the router reply for RSs that contains
> landmark option (may be sent by DNA host)

I think the current text says that it will not respond at all. This is a 
bit suboptimal when multiple routers boot at the same time.
I suspect we need to figure out how to tweak this.
Suggestions?

> 3. While a router is in multicast sender state (during 3 seconds),
> will it increase the token count or will it consider the token count
> as MaxUnicastRABurst?

The token bucket gets tokens added periodically independently of whether 
its in multicast state or not, as long as the bucket isn't full (already 
at MaxUnicastRABurst)

> 4. In section 5.2.4,
> 
> ".....If the unicast Router Advertisement contains a Landmark option 
> that matches the Landmark Option in the last transmitted Router 
> Solicitation ....."
> 
> Is a case where, a unicast router advertisement comes without
> landmark option is possible? (DNA routers which are bootstrapping may
> just send RA) If possible, some text which tells what to do in such
> cases may need to be added.

We should probably say what to do in any case, since an existing RFC 
2461 router is free to unicast RAs (even if the RFC suggests to always 
multicast them)

> 5. To deal with amplification effect, what about having a threshold
> on number of routers sending fast RA? For example, only first 5
> routers (as per the fast RA rankings) only will reply for RSs (in
> addition to the method specified in the draft)

That might make sense.

I assume the 6+ ranked routers would not be completely quiet, but 
instead schedule a 3 second multicast RA. This is needed in the case 
that the routers annouce different prefixes, and also to make the host 
discover that it has >5 default routers.

    Erik


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Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unless Landmark? (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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> The FastRA method should have been a seperate draft, unless we are going
to
> have a single DNA solution.
>

Right, so what is planned on this? Is there going to be a discussion about
whether more than one solution is needed? Whether people want more than one?
Currently, I believe we have two.

                    jak




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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 00:45:48 +0200
From: NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
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I have a little problem with the most recent defintion (Bernard's) of Link-Down suggested. The statement "A Link Down event is only generated once the link layer considers the link unusable" looks (to me at least) a bit contradictory to the first sentence of the definition in the sense that the link layer can consider the link unusable even without any change having occured in the link state machine: PDP context activated in GPRS/UMTS but very high BER  
Said differently, the definition implies that the event cause can be "state changed" in the link layer state machine as well "state did not changed" (as the link can become unusable within the same state) which is a problem.

Hope my concern is understood.

Insn't 
"An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state change associated with the interface no longer being capable of communicating IP packets. transient periods of high frame loss are not sufficient." enough for Link down definition?

Please advice

Eric Njedjou

-----Message d'origine-----
De : owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] De la part de Bernard Aboba
Envoyé : samedi 28 mai 2005 22:58
À : dna@eng.monash.edu.au
Objet : Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?

Erik Nordmark wisely observed:

> I think it would be good if the definitions would clarify that even if 
> the link layer on the host sees 100% packet loss for a short while, it 
> doesn't necessarily imply that a link down event should be generated.
> (It presumably shouldn't be generated until the link layer abandons 
> the
> L2 association/connection/whatever.)

How about this?

Link Down
An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state change associated with the interface no longer being capable of communicating IP packets. A Link Down event is only generated once the link layer considers the link unusable; transient periods of high frame loss are not sufficient.

Link Up
An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state change associated with the interface becoming capable of communicating IP packets.


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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 16:50:33 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unless Landmark? (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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        Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>,
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James Kempf wrote:
>>The FastRA method should have been a seperate draft, unless we are going to 
>>have a single DNA solution.
>>
> 
> 
> Right, so what is planned on this? Is there going to be a discussion about
> whether more than one solution is needed? Whether people want more than one?
> Currently, I believe we have two.

I assume the desired result is that we end up with one overall solution 
to implement in hosts and routers, and not N different schemes, because 
that doesn't help with interoperability.

However, in the overall solution I think the hosts this needs to have 
the ability to handle unmodified routers (for which we have CPL as the 
core piece on the table) and do something more efficient ("the 
solution") when the routers do the new DNA thing.

   Erik


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 10:56:15 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Comments on DNAv6 (draft-dnadt-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Hi Erik,

I think we should fall back to RFC2461 ND behaviour in the bootstrap and
responding router load cases.

Please see below for my reasoning.

Erik Nordmark wrote:
> Subba Reddy wrote:
[cut]
> 
>> 2. While bootstrapping DNA data structures(section 5.1.3), a) will
>> the router reply for RSs without landmark option (may be sent by
>> other routers) b) will the router reply for RSs that contains
>> landmark option (may be sent by DNA host)
> 
> 
> I think the current text says that it will not respond at all. This is a 
> bit suboptimal when multiple routers boot at the same time.
> I suspect we need to figure out how to tweak this.
> Suggestions?

If we respond as if we have an RFC2461 host, then any problems
experienced will be the same as if a host has transitioned to
a network not supporting DNA (except that it will have a
link-layer hint to distinguish).

It's a short0lived transient situation though.

The additional trouble of blocking out responses can hamper
initialization after failures.  This is already well covered
for fixed hosts within 2461 and should be taken advantage of.

[cut]
> 
>> 5. To deal with amplification effect, what about having a threshold
>> on number of routers sending fast RA? For example, only first 5
>> routers (as per the fast RA rankings) only will reply for RSs (in
>> addition to the method specified in the draft)
> 
> 
> That might make sense.
> 
> I assume the 6+ ranked routers would not be completely quiet, but 
> instead schedule a 3 second multicast RA. This is needed in the case 
> that the routers annouce different prefixes, and also to make the host 
> discover that it has >5 default routers.

I think that we want to not make the system worse
in the face of bogus routers.

The existing RFC2461 behaviour is to perform random delay (0-500ms),
multicast, and induce additional delay if the minimum multicast
advertisement interval has not passed.

I guess that's actually as effective as the Nth router 3 second delay,
and is robust to fake routers.

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 21:03:04 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 11:02:25 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unless Landmark?	(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Hi Sathya,

Sathya Narayanan wrote:
> Greg -
[cut]
> No. 
> 
> Looks like there are two reasons why a host will not include a landmark option
 > (I thought about only the first):
> 1) Host is a non-DNA host
> 2) Host doesn't want to divulge their landmark
> 
> The text in the draft is targetted at the first case, i.e. if the RS message
 > doesn't have a landmark option it is a non-DNA host. The only way to 
help out
 > the host is by sending a CompleteRA because the router doesn't not 
know what
 > question to answer. For a non-DNA host, a completeRA will be only 
partially helpful,
 > if it hasn't moved link and sees its current prefix in the completeRA 
in a PIO -
 > because it can neither recognize the completeRA bit nor the DNAO. 
Sending too-many
 > unicast CompleteRA with the hope that it is useful for the host is 
not good for
 > link-utilization and hence the recommendation.

The question wasn't about completeRA, it was about FastRA.

Non-DNA hosts aren't going to benefit from the RA's DNA content,
but they are going to benefit from a fast response.

So there really shouldn't be a problem with supplying fast
response so long as the solicitation is compliant with
the algorithm for delivering an RA quickly (has a source address,
and can create, or already has an NCE).

(Now visiting the CompleteRA without Landmark solicitation issue).
> Now, I think, the same logic applies for the second case too, even though a DNA-host
 > could receive better benefit from the CompleteRA. The router has 
no-way of knowing
 > whether the sender is a dna-host or not.

This is the essential point for completeRA without landmarks.

Why doesn't it know? because without the landmark you can't tell that
it's DNA capable.

Fortunately, there are plenty of bits left in the RS header (32)
which could be used to identify a DNA solicitation without divulging
the last attached prefix of the host in a landmark option.

Please be aware that I personally consider location privacy to be a
'big issue'.

Greg


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 11:05:52 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
In-reply-to: <429D4C98.5040408@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
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Hi Brett,

Brett Pentland wrote:
> Greg Daley wrote:
[cut]
>> Can't the host use the prefixes learnt from the DNAO to not be
>> surprised by prefixes in responding RAs (which may not be DNA RAs)
>> to its existing solicitation?
> 
> 
> Yes, but the DNA router responses would usually be received first,
> and the non-DNA router responses would have to be dealt with using
> CPL logic anyway, and shouldn't cause confusion.

As you know, I'm not arguing against the possibility of leaving
out the options per se, but I'd guess we  were trying to avoid
using CPL logic in most circumstances (wanting definitive
identification, rather than implicit).

If routers know there is limited cost to providing this, I guess
that there's no reason to prohibit them.

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 21:10:48 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 11:10:06 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unless Landmark? (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
In-reply-to: <02bc01c566f0$fc15abb0$5a6015ac@dcml.docomolabsusa.com>
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To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: Syam Madanapalli <smadanapalli@gmail.com>,
        Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>,
        dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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Hi James,

James Kempf wrote:
>>The FastRA method should have been a seperate draft, unless we are going
> 
> to
> 
>>have a single DNA solution.
>>
> 
> 
> Right, so what is planned on this? Is there going to be a discussion about
> whether more than one solution is needed? Whether people want more than one?
> Currently, I believe we have two.


I believed that at the last IETF the rough consensus was that
there will eventually be one solution, which must be selected
by the WG (with expertise from the DT to assist).

There's only one solutions document on the charter of the WG.

So I guess I don't see the need for a separate 'Fast RA'
document at the moment.

That's not to say that draft-pentland-dna-protocol is the
complete solution just because Hash Based FastRA is defined there
(for example).

The Fast RA scheme is sound regardless of whether landmarks or
completeRA are used.


Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 21:11:14 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 11:10:42 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Re: No FastRA unless Landmark?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
In-reply-to: <429DE620.9000006@sun.com>
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Hi Erik,

Erik Nordmark wrote:
> Greg Daley wrote:
> 
>> "If the source address of the RS is NOT the unspecified address,
>>  AND the RS message contains a Landmark option, the router consumes
>>  one unicast send token and then builds a Router Advertisement as
>>  follows:"
>>
>>
>> It would be good to know why Hash Based Fast RA (based on the
>> source address only) requires the Landmark Option.
> 
> 
> I don't think it does. The current text might just reflect the focus on 
> the most important cases, and also tries to limit the number of cases.
> 
> But the fastRA decision could be made to be orthogonal to the content of 
> the RA (i.e. whether there is a LO or not).

Thanks for clarifying.

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 21:23:21 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 11:22:09 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
In-reply-to: <429DF5E5.9090400@sun.com>
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
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Hi Erik,

Erik Nordmark wrote:
[cut]
>>    3.  Valid lifetime
>>
>>    4.  Time last refreshed"
>>
>> In my (existing) implementation I'm storing the expiry time
>> of the prefix (which is calculated based on the valid lifetime
>> at the RA reception time).
> 
> 
> Is this for #3 above? Are you also storing #4?

I think that the issue was basically that the term "store"
means "allocate space for" to me.

When that's combined with a MUST, I have to change data structures...

>> Is this insufficient?
> 
> 
> Storing the expiry time for the valid lifetime is what's needed for #3.

Ok. That clarifies things.

[cut]
> 
> The intent is to provide enough *conceptual* data structure descriptions 
> so that the protocol can be described in detail, but not constrain how 
> an implementation actual does things as long as the externally visible 
> behavior of the implementation is consistent with the specification.
> 
> There is text in section 5 in RFC 2461 which says this, so perhaps we 
> can just borrow that text.

I see (in 5.1 conceptual data structures).

"Prefix List entries are created from information received in Router
  Advertisements.  Each entry has an associated invalidation timer
  value (extracted from the advertisement) used to expire prefixes
  when they become invalid"

This approach sounds good to me.

Thanks,

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 21:35:23 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 11:34:28 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] leaving out options on Landmark RA = Yes
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?
In-reply-to: <429DF774.6060909@sun.com>
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Hi Erik,

Erik Nordmark wrote:
> Greg Daley wrote:
> 
>> Comment:
>>
>> The descriptions here ignore SEND options, which need to be included
>> if SEND is used.  This will increase the size of the RA.
> 
> 
> Probably.
> I haven't looked at exactly what SEND information would be needed in the 
> different cases of an RA being sent.
> If the host didn't move, the RAs will in most cases be sent from routers 
> that the host has previously received RAs from, thus the SEND 
> information can be minimized.
> But when the landmark indicates that the host has moved it makes sense 
> for the RAs to include more SEND information if that makes a SEND host 
> complete the movement faster.
> 
> Is anybody looking at the details of how SEND and DNA can interact 
> efficiently?

Not really, but here's the minimum required (which may violate SEND,
but should be OK in this situation):

For a solicited RA Landmark=yes:

Nonce(8/16), Timestamp(16), RSA Signature (big).

This assumes that the host has seen this Router's RA before, and
has given its trust chain to the host.

If this is insufficient, then CCS/CCA exchange may occur, as well
as NS/NA to get the CGA options...

The host will have to have seen at least one DNA router on the link
though, so it may be possible to wait until another RA from a
trusted router arrives from the same RS.


For a Solicited RA, Landmark=No:

Nonce(8/16), Timestamp (16), CGA Option (big), RSA Signature (big).

Additional exchange of certificate chains may be required in order
to create trust with the router, if the host has never visited it before
(or doesn't remember it).


As far as I can see, to achieve SEND's full replay protection you
can't do any better than this.

>> Question:
>>
>> Can we have standards language for this?
>>
>> There's no flexibility in the description of what options are
>> able to be included in the "Yes" Landmark. That sounds like a
>> MUST NOT include other PIO, DNAO. etc.
> 
> 
> In think the text in section 3 is fine with its use of English, because 
> it tries to introduce the concepts by saying what typically happens.
> But in the core of the draft it makes sense being more specific.

That makes sense.

>> Personally, I'd prefer something saying something like
>>
>> "RAs with the 'Yes' Flag set in a Landmark option MAY leave out all
>> configuration related options such as PIOs, DNAOs, Advertisement
>> Intervals etc, since this information is assumed to have
>> already been received to be able to construct a matching
>> Landmark Router Solicitation".
>>
>> I'd prefer MAY to SHOULD or MUST, since it's an optimization,
>> and the presence of additional options doesn't harm hosts.
> 
> 
> My gut feel is that we should make it a SHOULD NOT, because the host 
> doesn't have any need for this extra stuff, and one of the DNA goals is 
> to be efficient.

OK.

>> In RADVD, it's easier for me to not remove the other options
>> in the RA just because the Landmark option Yes flag is set.
> 
> 
> And the purpose of a SHOULD NOT would be to make you do the work :-), so 
> that we can get an efficient way to do DNA.


That's OK.   My initial work will try to get things going without
the benefits of efficient RA sizing (so long as it's compliant -
which is why I'm asking questions).

Subsequently I'll add an AbbrevAdvertisement option (defaulting to on)
which should cover the Landmark=No and Landmark=Yes cases.

That may take a couple of extra days... :)

Greg



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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 21:43:34 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA	unless	Landmark?(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Greg -

> 
> The question wasn't about completeRA, it was about FastRA.
Yes - I understand (understood) this, but I was thinking without a completeRA the hosts will not be able to really answer the 'Link change question' - please see below.

> Non-DNA hosts aren't going to benefit from the RA's DNA content,
> but they are going to benefit from a fast response.
I guess, here is the problem in my understanding - do the non-DNA hosts  really benefit from receiving fastRA that is NOT complete. What would you like to include in these RA messages? 

Including all PIOs may help - atleast if there was no link change, because the host will see a prefix it is using in one of the RA messages. If there was a link change, the non-DNA host will still have to wait for MAX_RA_DELAY_TIME before they decide that they have moved, which is still better than waiting for the multicast. This is a cost-benefit question, is it worth the extra messages to support non-DNA hosts? I don't have an opinion on this.

<snip> 
> (Now visiting the CompleteRA without Landmark solicitation issue).
<snip>
> 
> Why doesn't it know? because without the landmark you can't tell that it's DNA capable.
> 
> Fortunately, there are plenty of bits left in the RS header (32)
> which could be used to identify a DNA solicitation without divulging
> the last attached prefix of the host in a landmark option.

Yeah - we can do this. We just need to be aware that sending unicast-completeRA at fastRA rate from all routers for every received RS message makes the amplification effect more deadly.

> 
> Please be aware that I personally consider location privacy to be a 'big issue'.

I don't understand this concern. When a IPv6 hosts transmits IPv6 packets on the network wouldn't its IPv6 address become public immediately - or when it responds to NS message for that matter - what information are you trying to protect by not including a landmark option in the RS message. Please explain.

- Sathya



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 22:02:05 2005
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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA	unless	Landmark?(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Hi Sathya,

Sathya Narayanan wrote:
> Greg -
[cut]
> 
> Including all PIOs may help - atleast if there was no link change, because the
 > host will see a prefix it is using in one of the RA messages. If 
there was a
 > link change, the non-DNA host will still have to wait for 
MAX_RA_DELAY_TIME
 > before they decide that they have moved, which is still better than 
waiting
 > for the multicast. This is a cost-benefit question, is it worth the extra
 > messages to support non-DNA hosts? I don't have an opinion on this.

I think you're assuming that they employ lazy cell switching.

There are various heuristics already available in the research
and implementation spaces (MIPv6 is a PS...).

Additionally, the host may have other reasons to believe link
change is required, even if it was implemented before DNA
is standardized (such as it uses FMIPv6, or is on a particular
access technology).

We don't need to force devices to change (O/S) code in order to
provide them with a useful service.

> <snip> 
> 
>>(Now visiting the CompleteRA without Landmark solicitation issue).
> 
> <snip>
> 
>>Why doesn't it know? because without the landmark you can't tell that it's DNA capable.
>>
>>Fortunately, there are plenty of bits left in the RS header (32)
>>which could be used to identify a DNA solicitation without divulging
>>the last attached prefix of the host in a landmark option.
> 
> 
> Yeah - we can do this. We just need to be aware that sending unicast-completeRA
 > at fastRA rate from all routers for every received RS message makes the
 > amplification effect more deadly.


It really depends on the tokens and how they're used.  If a token
provides ABC (appropriate byte counting), then the transmission of
a message with completeRA would diminish the number of RA messages to
be sent.

This in effect would mean that peak FastRA bandwidth would be
prescribed.

> 
>>Please be aware that I personally consider location privacy to be a 'big issue'.
> 
> 
> I don't understand this concern. When a IPv6 hosts transmits IPv6 packets on
 > the network wouldn't its IPv6 address become public immediately - or 
when it
 > responds to NS message for that matter - what information are you 
trying to
 > protect by not including a landmark option in the RS message. Please 
explain.

How about if I used a different MAC address and IPv6 address (+key?)
to do DNA every time I got a link up indication?

If I was on the same link, I could go back to my existing identity.

This temporary identity couldn't be tied back to my existing identity.

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 22:06:22 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 12:05:13 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] leaving out options on Landmark RA
	=Yes(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?
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Hi Sathya,

Sathya Narayanan wrote:
 > Greg -
 >
 > Under the assumption that the 'Yes' case is more likely, i.e.
 > the ratio AP/AR is big, it makes sense to emphasize the
 > importance of this optimization by making it a MUST/SHOULD, IMHO.
 > With the size of PIOs, possibly many of them and wireless
 > channels etc., there is possibly significant savings in
 > link-utilization.

I think it is a fairly important issue (since people took
the patience to explain it to me).

So I think a SHOULD (limit the options) is OK.

IMO, MUST is really for
a) Interoperability (as per RFC2119)
b) preventing damage to the network.

The damage is light here particularly for
media like Wireless LAN where the rate of messages
is more important than their size.

I can't see a reason to say MUST in this case.

SHOULD is still a strong statement in IETF.

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 22:13:06 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 12:12:18 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST NOT add DNA Option when landmark RA = NO?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Hi Erik,

Erik Nordmark wrote:
> Greg Daley wrote:
> 
>> Can't the host use the prefixes learnt from the DNAO to not be
>> surprised by prefixes in responding RAs (which may not be DNA RAs)
>> to its existing solicitation?
> 
> 
> What did you have in mind the host would actually do to be "less 
> surprised"?

I'm still cooking something, but to talk now on list
wouldn't really help the discussion

Please contact me if it's important to know now.

> If it records the DNAO prefix somehow, what would it then do when it
>  - receives an RA with a prefix which was recorded from the DNAO

It would be able to tell they belong to the same link.

>  - receives an RA with a new prefix which was not recorded from a DNAO?

That depends...

If it was 'surprised' I guess it would be treated as a hint of change
(like in CPL).

I think it's possible to do better than CPL with the learning phase
though (since you have an explicit CPL in the CompleteRA).

> FWIW the conceptual data structures in RFC 2461 can only capture 
> prefixes for which all the information in the PIO is present, i.e. the 
> lifetimes and the flags must be includes.

Yes, that's right.   It's not necessary to use exactly these
data structures, though if you're not using them for address
configuration, just for link identification.

(Though the link identification logic could be assisted if you
knew them).

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun  1 23:20:45 2005
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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 20:20:36 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>,
        Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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Eric,


I have a little problem with the most recent defintion (Bernard's) of
Link-Down suggested. The statement "A Link Down event is only generated once
the link layer considers the link unusable" looks (to me at least) a bit
contradictory to the first sentence of the definition in the sense that the
link layer can consider the link unusable even without any change having
occured in the link state machine: PDP context activated in GPRS/UMTS but
very high BER
Said differently, the definition implies that the event cause can be "state
changed" in the link layer state machine as well "state did not changed" (as
the link can become unusable within the same state) which is a problem.

Hope my concern is understood.

Insn't
"An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state change
associated with the interface no longer being capable of communicating IP
packets. transient periods of high frame loss are not sufficient." enough
for Link down definition?

Please advice

jak>> I guess I don't understand the problem. The definition leaves it up to
the link layer to decide what "unusable" means. Whether or not that involves
a state machine change or some other consideration is pretty much up to the
link layer to decide.

            jak




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Date: Wed, 01 Jun 2005 23:56:17 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] leaving out options on
	LandmarkRA=Yes(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?
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> Hi Sathya,
> 
> Sathya Narayanan wrote:
> > Greg -
> >
> > Under the assumption that the 'Yes' case is more likely, i.e.
> > the ratio AP/AR is big, it makes sense to emphasize the
> > importance of this optimization by making it a MUST/SHOULD, IMHO.
> > With the size of PIOs, possibly many of them and wireless
> > channels etc., there is possibly significant savings in
> > link-utilization.
> 
> I think it is a fairly important issue (since people took
> the patience to explain it to me).
> 
> So I think a SHOULD (limit the options) is OK.

OK.

- Sathya




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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 00:04:31 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No	FastRA	unlessLandmark?(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Greg -

> > 
> >>Why doesn't it know? because without the landmark you can't tell 
> that it's DNA capable.
> >>
> >>Fortunately, there are plenty of bits left in the RS header (32)
> >>which could be used to identify a DNA solicitation without divulging
> >>the last attached prefix of the host in a landmark option.
> > 
> > 
> > Yeah - we can do this. We just need to be aware that sending unicast-completeRA
> > at fastRA rate from all routers for every received RS message makes the
> > amplification effect more deadly.
> 
> It really depends on the tokens and how they're used.  If a token
> provides ABC (appropriate byte counting), then the transmission of
> a message with completeRA would diminish the number of RA messages to be sent.

Are you suggesting we change the token-bucket behavior to do ABC? I am not very comfortable with it - but I should think more about it.

> > 
> >>Please be aware that I personally consider location privacy to be a 'big issue'.
> > 
> > 
> > I don't understand this concern. When a IPv6 hosts transmits IPv6 packets on
> > the network wouldn't its IPv6 address become public immediately - or when it
> > responds to NS message for that matter - what information are you trying to
> > protect by not including a landmark option in the RS message. Please explain.
> 
> How about if I used a different MAC address and IPv6 address (+key?)
> to do DNA every time I got a link up indication?
> 
> If I was on the same link, I could go back to my existing identity.
> 
> This temporary identity couldn't be tied back to my existing identity.

Hmmmm - thats interesting. I understand. But, since the landmark is only the prefix and not the whole address, you are still not revealing your whole identity - isn't that enough? Or is there use-cases where you don't even want to reveal the prefix you are using? 

Even though the text suggests (with a MUST) in section 5.2.2 to select a prefix being used for its non-link-local address, it is not necessary to keep it as a MUST. We could relax that condition to a SHOULD - will that help with the privacy issue since the host could always chose a different prefix as the landmark.

- Sathya



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Thu Jun  2 00:26:28 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 14:25:08 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unlessLandmark?(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Hi Sathya,

Sathya Narayanan wrote:
[cut]
> 
> Are you suggesting we change the token-bucket behavior to do ABC? I am not
 > very comfortable with it - but I should think more about it.

OK.

I was not suggesting we immediately adopt ABC, but if there's
a need to distinguish between RAs with content and those without,
I guess there's a potential way to do so.

RFC 3465 is only 10 pages and TCP's aim in ABC is similar
(self-pacing data into the network, where packet sizes vary),
so it should be possible to evaluate its applicability to DNA
if we need the distinction.


>>>>Please be aware that I personally consider location privacy to be a 'big issue'.
>>>
>>>
>>>I don't understand this concern. When a IPv6 hosts transmits IPv6 packets on
>>>the network wouldn't its IPv6 address become public immediately - or when it
>>>responds to NS message for that matter - what information are you trying to
>>>protect by not including a landmark option in the RS message. Please explain.
>>
>>How about if I used a different MAC address and IPv6 address (+key?)
>>to do DNA every time I got a link up indication?
>>
>>If I was on the same link, I could go back to my existing identity.
>>
>>This temporary identity couldn't be tied back to my existing identity.
> 
> 
> Hmmmm - thats interesting. I understand. But, since the landmark is only the prefix
 > and not the whole address, you are still not revealing your whole 
identity -
 > isn't that enough? Or is there use-cases where you don't even want to 
reveal
> the prefix you are using? 

If the user community is small enough on the previous link,
the timing of your last packet receptions combined with the
prefix from that link can create a pseudo-identifier.

These pseudo-identifiers can be tracked across link boundaries,
and can prevent movement and location-identity(if the identity was
revealed on a previous or future link) privacy.

> Even though the text suggests (with a MUST) in section 5.2.2 to select a
 > prefix being used for its non-link-local address, it is not necessary to
 > keep it as a MUST. We could relax that condition to a SHOULD - will that
 > help with the privacy issue since the host could always chose a different
 > prefix as the landmark.

Yes, that would help too.

If there's a need to distinguish DNA and non DNA hosts, we'd still need
either a DNA bit in the RS or a landmark.

If a host wanted a high likelihood NO, and still to be able to
(without SEND nonces) it could even craft a nonsense landmark,
this would remove the need for the bit.

I'm not sure if that would be necessary though.

Greg


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 10:13:16 +0530
From: Subba Reddy <subbareddy@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Comments on DNAv6 (draft-dnadt-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Hi Erik,

Thanks for input.

Please see below...


> Subba Reddy wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > few comments and questions on the DNAv6 draft.

> > 2. While bootstrapping DNA data structures(section 5.1.3), a) will
> > the router reply for RSs without landmark option (may be sent by
> > other routers) b) will the router reply for RSs that contains
> > landmark option (may be sent by DNA host)
>
> I think the current text says that it will not respond at all. This is a
> bit suboptimal when multiple routers boot at the same time.
> I suspect we need to figure out how to tweak this.
> Suggestions?
>

I think, it may be better to reply with normal RA (like RFC 2461) during
bootstrapping.
With this, If more than one router is bootstrapping, routers can know each
others prefixes.
It may help even the hosts to learn the prefixes of the new router fast.

> > 4. In section 5.2.4,
> >
> > ".....If the unicast Router Advertisement contains a Landmark option
> > that matches the Landmark Option in the last transmitted Router
> > Solicitation ....."
> >
> > Is a case where, a unicast router advertisement comes without
> > landmark option is possible? (DNA routers which are bootstrapping may
> > just send RA) If possible, some text which tells what to do in such
> > cases may need to be added.
>
> We should probably say what to do in any case, since an existing RFC
> 2461 router is free to unicast RAs (even if the RFC suggests to always
> multicast them)
>

Yes. It may be better to add the text for this case.

> > 5. To deal with amplification effect, what about having a threshold
> > on number of routers sending fast RA? For example, only first 5
> > routers (as per the fast RA rankings) only will reply for RSs (in
> > addition to the method specified in the draft)
>
> That might make sense.
>
> I assume the 6+ ranked routers would not be completely quiet, but
> instead schedule a 3 second multicast RA. This is needed in the case
> that the routers annouce different prefixes, and also to make the host
> discover that it has >5 default routers.
>

Yes. 6+ ranked routers need to schedule the multicast even though token
is available.

>     Erik
>
>

Thanks & Regards,
Subba Reddy



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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 09:51:31 +0300
From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>,
        Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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I would like to draw again the attention of the group that IMO the use
of 'IP packets' to define low link layer link Up / link Down events may
not be appropriate. The 'capability of communicating IP packets'  cannot
be detected in some cases by lower link layers state machines . 

Regards,

Dan



> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au 
> [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of 
> James Kempf
> Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 6:21 AM
> To: NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN; Bernard Aboba; dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
> 
> Eric,
> 
> 
> I have a little problem with the most recent defintion 
> (Bernard's) of Link-Down suggested. The statement "A Link 
> Down event is only generated once the link layer considers 
> the link unusable" looks (to me at least) a bit contradictory 
> to the first sentence of the definition in the sense that the 
> link layer can consider the link unusable even without any 
> change having occured in the link state machine: PDP context 
> activated in GPRS/UMTS but very high BER Said differently, 
> the definition implies that the event cause can be "state 
> changed" in the link layer state machine as well "state did 
> not changed" (as the link can become unusable within the same 
> state) which is a problem.
> 
> Hope my concern is understood.
> 
> Insn't
> "An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state 
> change associated with the interface no longer being capable 
> of communicating IP packets. transient periods of high frame 
> loss are not sufficient." enough for Link down definition?
> 
> Please advice
> 
> jak>> I guess I don't understand the problem. The definition 
> leaves it 
> jak>> up to
> the link layer to decide what "unusable" means. Whether or 
> not that involves a state machine change or some other 
> consideration is pretty much up to the link layer to decide.
> 
>             jak
> 
> 
> 


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Thu Jun  2 03:02:32 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 00:01:56 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>,
        NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>,
        Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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Dan,

Then what would you suggest is the appropriate way to phrase this?

        jak


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
To: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; "NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN"
<eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>; "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>;
<dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Wednesday, June 01, 2005 11:51 PM
Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?


I would like to draw again the attention of the group that IMO the use
of 'IP packets' to define low link layer link Up / link Down events may
not be appropriate. The 'capability of communicating IP packets'  cannot
be detected in some cases by lower link layers state machines .

Regards,

Dan



> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
> [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of
> James Kempf
> Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 6:21 AM
> To: NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN; Bernard Aboba; dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
>
> Eric,
>
>
> I have a little problem with the most recent defintion
> (Bernard's) of Link-Down suggested. The statement "A Link
> Down event is only generated once the link layer considers
> the link unusable" looks (to me at least) a bit contradictory
> to the first sentence of the definition in the sense that the
> link layer can consider the link unusable even without any
> change having occured in the link state machine: PDP context
> activated in GPRS/UMTS but very high BER Said differently,
> the definition implies that the event cause can be "state
> changed" in the link layer state machine as well "state did
> not changed" (as the link can become unusable within the same
> state) which is a problem.
>
> Hope my concern is understood.
>
> Insn't
> "An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state
> change associated with the interface no longer being capable
> of communicating IP packets. transient periods of high frame
> loss are not sufficient." enough for Link down definition?
>
> Please advice
>
> jak>> I guess I don't understand the problem. The definition
> leaves it
> jak>> up to
> the link layer to decide what "unusable" means. Whether or
> not that involves a state machine change or some other
> consideration is pretty much up to the link layer to decide.
>
>             jak
>
>
>




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Thu Jun  2 03:02:51 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 17:01:08 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Comments on DNAv6 (draft-dnadt-dna-protocol-00.txt)
In-reply-to: <00bc01c5672d$9a16ec70$39476c6b@sisodomain.com>
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: Subba Reddy <subbareddy@samsung.com>
Cc: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>, dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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Hi Subba,

Subba Reddy wrote:
[cut]
> 
> 
> Yes. 6+ ranked routers need to schedule the multicast even though token
> is available.

I guess it would be a host configurable threshold.

In general, I can't see a use for more than three
Fast RAs (unless there are problems with the timing
of the first three RAs - for example due to SEND
signature computation).

How about we have fastra_threshold defaulting to
FASTRA_THRESHOLD (3).

if fastra_threshold < Rank (given that Rank starts
at #0), then a Fast RA is scheduled at Rank * RASeparation.

Otherwise, the token is put back in the bucket and
a multicast RA is scheduled?

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Thu Jun  2 03:13:34 2005
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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 10:11:44 +0300
From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>,
        NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>,
        Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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I would just refer to the capability of passing packets, without
mentioning IP. This is the approach taken by RFC 2863. 

Regards,

Dan

 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 10:02 AM
> To: Romascanu, Dan (Dan); NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN; Bernard 
> Aboba; dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
> 
> Dan,
> 
> Then what would you suggest is the appropriate way to phrase this?
> 
>         jak
> 
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
> To: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; "NJEDJOU Eric 
> RD-RESA-REN"
> <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>; "Bernard Aboba" 
> <aboba@internaut.com>; <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
> Sent: Wednesday, June 01, 2005 11:51 PM
> Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
> 
> 
> I would like to draw again the attention of the group that IMO the use
> of 'IP packets' to define low link layer link Up / link Down 
> events may
> not be appropriate. The 'capability of communicating IP 
> packets'  cannot
> be detected in some cases by lower link layers state machines .
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Dan
> 
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
> > [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of
> > James Kempf
> > Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 6:21 AM
> > To: NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN; Bernard Aboba; dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> > Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
> >
> > Eric,
> >
> >
> > I have a little problem with the most recent defintion
> > (Bernard's) of Link-Down suggested. The statement "A Link
> > Down event is only generated once the link layer considers
> > the link unusable" looks (to me at least) a bit contradictory
> > to the first sentence of the definition in the sense that the
> > link layer can consider the link unusable even without any
> > change having occured in the link state machine: PDP context
> > activated in GPRS/UMTS but very high BER Said differently,
> > the definition implies that the event cause can be "state
> > changed" in the link layer state machine as well "state did
> > not changed" (as the link can become unusable within the same
> > state) which is a problem.
> >
> > Hope my concern is understood.
> >
> > Insn't
> > "An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state
> > change associated with the interface no longer being capable
> > of communicating IP packets. transient periods of high frame
> > loss are not sufficient." enough for Link down definition?
> >
> > Please advice
> >
> > jak>> I guess I don't understand the problem. The definition
> > leaves it
> > jak>> up to
> > the link layer to decide what "unusable" means. Whether or
> > not that involves a state machine change or some other
> > consideration is pretty much up to the link layer to decide.
> >
> >             jak
> >
> >
> >
> 
> 
> 


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 00:23:08 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>,
        NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>,
        Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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Sounds fine.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
To: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; "NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN"
<eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>; "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>;
<dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 12:11 AM
Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?


I would just refer to the capability of passing packets, without
mentioning IP. This is the approach taken by RFC 2863.

Regards,

Dan



> -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com]
> Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 10:02 AM
> To: Romascanu, Dan (Dan); NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN; Bernard
> Aboba; dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
>
> Dan,
>
> Then what would you suggest is the appropriate way to phrase this?
>
>         jak
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
> To: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; "NJEDJOU Eric
> RD-RESA-REN"
> <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>; "Bernard Aboba"
> <aboba@internaut.com>; <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
> Sent: Wednesday, June 01, 2005 11:51 PM
> Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
>
>
> I would like to draw again the attention of the group that IMO the use
> of 'IP packets' to define low link layer link Up / link Down
> events may
> not be appropriate. The 'capability of communicating IP
> packets'  cannot
> be detected in some cases by lower link layers state machines .
>
> Regards,
>
> Dan
>
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
> > [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of
> > James Kempf
> > Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 6:21 AM
> > To: NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN; Bernard Aboba; dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> > Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
> >
> > Eric,
> >
> >
> > I have a little problem with the most recent defintion
> > (Bernard's) of Link-Down suggested. The statement "A Link
> > Down event is only generated once the link layer considers
> > the link unusable" looks (to me at least) a bit contradictory
> > to the first sentence of the definition in the sense that the
> > link layer can consider the link unusable even without any
> > change having occured in the link state machine: PDP context
> > activated in GPRS/UMTS but very high BER Said differently,
> > the definition implies that the event cause can be "state
> > changed" in the link layer state machine as well "state did
> > not changed" (as the link can become unusable within the same
> > state) which is a problem.
> >
> > Hope my concern is understood.
> >
> > Insn't
> > "An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state
> > change associated with the interface no longer being capable
> > of communicating IP packets. transient periods of high frame
> > loss are not sufficient." enough for Link down definition?
> >
> > Please advice
> >
> > jak>> I guess I don't understand the problem. The definition
> > leaves it
> > jak>> up to
> > the link layer to decide what "unusable" means. Whether or
> > not that involves a state machine change or some other
> > consideration is pretty much up to the link layer to decide.
> >
> >             jak
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>




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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 13:11:45 +0530
From: Syam Madanapalli <syam@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Comments on DNAv6 (draft-dnadt-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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To: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au, Subba Reddy <subbareddy@samsung.com>
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Hi Greg,


> Hi Subba,
> 
> Subba Reddy wrote:
> [cut]
>> 
>> 
>> Yes. 6+ ranked routers need to schedule the multicast even though token
>> is available.
> 
> I guess it would be a host configurable threshold.

You mean Router configurable threshold?

> 
> In general, I can't see a use for more than three
> Fast RAs (unless there are problems with the timing
> of the first three RAs - for example due to SEND
> signature computation).
> 
> How about we have fastra_threshold defaulting to
> FASTRA_THRESHOLD (3).

I think 3 is good enough. And anyway we can make it configurable.

> 
> if fastra_threshold < Rank (given that Rank starts
> at #0), then a Fast RA is scheduled at Rank * RASeparation.

Small correction,

 if  Rank < fastra_threshold  (given that Rank starts
 at #0), then a Fast RA is scheduled at Rank * RASeparation.

> 
> Otherwise, the token is put back in the bucket and
> a multicast RA is scheduled?
> 
> Greg
> 
>


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 13:14:39 +0530
From: Subba Reddy <subbareddy@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Comments on DNAv6 (draft-dnadt-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Hi Greg,

Please see below.

> Hi Subba,
> 
> Subba Reddy wrote:
> [cut]
> > 
> > 
> > Yes. 6+ ranked routers need to schedule the multicast even though token
> > is available.
> 
> I guess it would be a host configurable threshold.
> 
> In general, I can't see a use for more than three
> Fast RAs (unless there are problems with the timing
> of the first three RAs - for example due to SEND
> signature computation).
> 
> How about we have fastra_threshold defaulting to
> FASTRA_THRESHOLD (3).
> 

I just gave 5 as an example for threshold.
As you said 3 may be ok for default value (FASTRA_THRESHOLD).

> if fastra_threshold < Rank (given that Rank starts
> at #0), then a Fast RA is scheduled at Rank * RASeparation.
> 
> Otherwise, the token is put back in the bucket and
> a multicast RA is scheduled?

Yes. I think we need to put the token back in the bucket.

> 
> Greg
> 
> 


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 08:16:22 -0700 (PDT)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
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> "An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state change
> associated with the interface no longer being capable of communicating IP
> packets. transient periods of high frame loss are not sufficient." enough
> for Link down definition?

The above is ok from my point of view.

> jak>> I guess I don't understand the problem. The definition leaves it up to
> the link layer to decide what "unusable" means. Whether or not that involves
> a state machine change or some other consideration is pretty much up to the
> link layer to decide.

I think Erik's point was that we don't want a "Link Down" to be sent just
because a few frames were lost.  While that might initiate a search for a
new point of attachment, the problem might be highly transient.  Where
there is multi-link interference, for example, we see the S/N ratio drop
20-30 dB within a very short distance.


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Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
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> I would like to draw again the attention of the group that IMO the use
> of 'IP packets' to define low link layer link Up / link Down events may
> not be appropriate. The 'capability of communicating IP packets'  cannot
> be detected in some cases by lower link layers state machines .

Right.  It really should be "communicating data frames".


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 17:47:19 +0200
From: NJEDJOU Eric RD-RESA-REN <eric.njedjou@francetelecom.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?
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Bernard, 
That whas exactly my concern. Good that you are ok whith taking out the second statement of the definition
Eric Njejdou

-----Message d'origine-----
De : owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] De la part de Bernard Aboba
Envoyé : jeudi 2 juin 2005 17:16
À : James Kempf
Cc : dna@eng.monash.edu.au
Objet : Re: [DNA] Definition of "Link Up" and "Link Down" events?

> "An event provided by the link layer that signifies a state change 
> associated with the interface no longer being capable of communicating 
> IP packets. transient periods of high frame loss are not sufficient." 
> enough for Link down definition?

The above is ok from my point of view.

> jak>> I guess I don't understand the problem. The definition leaves it 
> jak>> up to
> the link layer to decide what "unusable" means. Whether or not that 
> involves a state machine change or some other consideration is pretty 
> much up to the link layer to decide.

I think Erik's point was that we don't want a "Link Down" to be sent just because a few frames were lost.  While that might initiate a search for a new point of attachment, the problem might be highly transient.  Where there is multi-link interference, for example, we see the S/N ratio drop 20-30 dB within a very short distance.


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 13:23:48 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] leaving out options on Landmark RA	=
	Yes(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?
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Greg -

> <snip>
>
>>
>> Is anybody looking at the details of how SEND and DNA can interact
>> efficiently?
>
>
> Not really, but here's the minimum required (which may violate SEND,
> but should be OK in this situation):

Why do you say 'may violate SEND'? It looks correct to me.

>
> For a solicited RA Landmark=yes:
>
> Nonce(8/16), Timestamp(16), RSA Signature (big).
>
> This assumes that the host has seen this Router's RA before, and
> has given its trust chain to the host.
>
> If this is insufficient, then CCS/CCA exchange may occur, as well
> as NS/NA to get the CGA options...
>
> The host will have to have seen at least one DNA router on the link
> though, so it may be possible to wait until another RA from a
> trusted router arrives from the same RS.
>
>
> For a Solicited RA, Landmark=No:
>
> Nonce(8/16), Timestamp (16), CGA Option (big), RSA Signature (big).

Why do you include the CGA option for 'No' answer - SEND doesn't require
CGA option in the RA messages, unless the interface is configured to use
CGA? Is that correct? If that is the case, the CGA option should be
present for both 'Yes' and 'No' answers - unless the CGA option is
needed only for the first time? Is that so? I couldn't find anything in
3971 that suggests that CGA option is needed only for the first time.
Please explain.

thanks,
Sathya


>
> Additional exchange of certificate chains may be required in order
> to create trust with the router, if the host has never visited it before
> (or doesn't remember it).
>
>
> As far as I can see, to achieve SEND's full replay protection you
> can't do any better than this.
>
>>> Question:
>>>
>>> Can we have standards language for this?
>>>
>>> There's no flexibility in the description of what options are
>>> able to be included in the "Yes" Landmark. That sounds like a
>>> MUST NOT include other PIO, DNAO. etc.
>>
>>
>>
>> In think the text in section 3 is fine with its use of English,
>> because it tries to introduce the concepts by saying what typically
>> happens.
>> But in the core of the draft it makes sense being more specific.
>
>
> That makes sense.
>
>>> Personally, I'd prefer something saying something like
>>>
>>> "RAs with the 'Yes' Flag set in a Landmark option MAY leave out all
>>> configuration related options such as PIOs, DNAOs, Advertisement
>>> Intervals etc, since this information is assumed to have
>>> already been received to be able to construct a matching
>>> Landmark Router Solicitation".
>>>
>>> I'd prefer MAY to SHOULD or MUST, since it's an optimization,
>>> and the presence of additional options doesn't harm hosts.
>>
>>
>>
>> My gut feel is that we should make it a SHOULD NOT, because the host
>> doesn't have any need for this extra stuff, and one of the DNA goals
>> is to be efficient.
>
>
> OK.
>
>>> In RADVD, it's easier for me to not remove the other options
>>> in the RA just because the Landmark option Yes flag is set.
>>
>>
>>
>> And the purpose of a SHOULD NOT would be to make you do the work :-),
>> so that we can get an efficient way to do DNA.
>
>
>
> That's OK.   My initial work will try to get things going without
> the benefits of efficient RA sizing (so long as it's compliant -
> which is why I'm asking questions).
>
> Subsequently I'll add an AbbrevAdvertisement option (defaulting to on)
> which should cover the Landmark=No and Landmark=Yes cases.
>
> That may take a couple of extra days... :)
>
> Greg
>



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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 13:34:33 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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Erik -

It was my understanding that, a host can choose a prefix advertised by
R1 for its address configuration and use R2 as the default router
through which it sends is packets; i.e. advertising a prefix doesn't
mean the router is the only one that can route it.

In SEND, 3971, section 7.3:

Constrained

      If the network operator wants to constrain which routers are
      allowed to route particular subnet prefixes, routers should be
      configured with certificates having subnet prefixes listed in the
      prefix extension.  These routers SHOULD advertise the subnet
      prefixes that they are certified to route, or a subset thereof.

....

   Nodes SHOULD use one of the certified subnet prefixes for stateless
   autoconfiguration.  If none of the advertised subnet prefixes match,
   the host SHOULD use a different advertising router as its default
   router, if one is available.


This text seems to imply that routers advertising a prefix means they
are the ones allowed to route it.
Am I missing something?

thanks,
Sathya


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Date: Thu, 02 Jun 2005 15:53:38 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] MUST Store Lifetime and Last Refresh time?
 (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Greg Daley wrote:

> I see (in 5.1 conceptual data structures).
> 
> "Prefix List entries are created from information received in Router
>  Advertisements.  Each entry has an associated invalidation timer
>  value (extracted from the advertisement) used to expire prefixes
>  when they become invalid"

And there is also the first paragraph oin 5 which says
    This section describes a conceptual model of one possible data
    structure organization that hosts (and to some extent routers) will
    maintain in interacting with neighboring nodes.  The described
    organization is provided to facilitate the explanation of how the
    Neighbor Discovery protocol should behave.  This document does not
    mandate that implementations adhere to this model as long as their
    external behavior is consistent with that described in this document.

   Erik


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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Comments on DNAv6 (draft-dnadt-dna-protocol-00.txt)
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Syam Madanapalli wrote:
> Small correction,
> 
> if  Rank < fastra_threshold  (given that Rank starts
> at #0), then a Fast RA is scheduled at Rank * RASeparation.


Oops.

I'm glad you read between the lines there.

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Thu Jun  2 22:16:13 2005
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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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Hi Sathya,

Sathya Narayanan wrote:
> Erik -
> 
> It was my understanding that, a host can choose a prefix advertised by
> R1 for its address configuration and use R2 as the default router
> through which it sends is packets; i.e. advertising a prefix doesn't
> mean the router is the only one that can route it.
> 
> In SEND, 3971, section 7.3:
> 
> Constrained
> 
>       If the network operator wants to constrain which routers are
>       allowed to route particular subnet prefixes, routers should be
>       configured with certificates having subnet prefixes listed in the
>       prefix extension.  These routers SHOULD advertise the subnet
>       prefixes that they are certified to route, or a subset thereof.
> 
> ....
> 
>    Nodes SHOULD use one of the certified subnet prefixes for stateless
>    autoconfiguration.  If none of the advertised subnet prefixes match,
>    the host SHOULD use a different advertising router as its default
>    router, if one is available.
> 
> 
> This text seems to imply that routers advertising a prefix means they
> are the ones allowed to route it.
> Am I missing something?

I remember this issue from SEND.

Someone else may remember better though.

The issue in SEND is essentially that in some circumstances we want to
guarantee that a router is actually delegated authority to route for
that prefix.   This is in the Certificate, not the PIO.

I'd guess that the origin of the prefix doesn't matter (which RA the
PIO arrives in), although the certificate would indicate that only
those prefixes which are similarly authorized should be used as next
hops for packets with that source address.

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Thu Jun  2 22:25:31 2005
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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] leaving out options on Landmark RA	=
	Yes(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt)?
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Hi Sathya.

Sathya Narayanan wrote:
[cut]
> Why do you say 'may violate SEND'? It looks correct to me.

Perhaps it is,  I was working on the principle that a solicited
RA needs to have a CGA option...

I'd need to check again to see if that's the case (I think it's
actually a MAY include the option).

[cut]
> Why do you include the CGA option for 'No' answer - SEND doesn't require
> CGA option in the RA messages, unless the interface is configured to use
> CGA? Is that correct? 


Well, SEND doesn't yet provide a way (other than explicit certificates)
to authenticate the origin and content of messages except through
using CGA.

The CGA option provides not only the static parameters for the CGA,
but also the Public key of the CGA sender.

So it's not required to be sent, but it is required to be known,
if we want to believe that the message is unmodified from the sender.

> If that is the case, the CGA option should be
> present for both 'Yes' and 'No' answers - unless the CGA option is
> needed only for the first time? Is that so? I couldn't find anything in
> 3971 that suggests that CGA option is needed only for the first time.
> Please explain.

The content in the CGA option but should be cached
from the first RA (or NS or NA) reception.  So it's not
needed in every message.

It's typically not required in an unsolicited RA for
example (in fact it is a MAY for reception in RAs).

Rules are detailed in 5.1.1.  (Processing Rules for Senders)

For the landmark=NO case, we want to verify  (at least
the message integrity) without additional transmissions.
This requires passing the public key and CGA parameters in the
same message as the responding RA.

Otherwise, the message is unverifiable without external
message exchanges.

So CGA Option in a landmark=NO is important if we want
message origin integrity because we're assuming the host
hasn't been on the link before.

For Landmark=YES, we make the opposite assumption. Therefore,
we can leave out the CGA Option.

There's a chance that a responding RA is from
a router which hasn't been seen, or is no longer cached.
I guess this is the same assumption made in unicast NS
which doesn't mandate SLLAO though.

In general I think you're right.  CGA option wouldn't
be needed.

I think it's pretty important if we're assuming the option
isn't in the cache.

Greg


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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 10:30:47 +0530
From: Syam Madanapalli <syam@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unless Landmark? (draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Hi Greg,


> Hi James,
>
> James Kempf wrote:
>>>The FastRA method should have been a seperate draft, unless we are going
>>
>> to
>>
>>>have a single DNA solution.
>>>
>>
>>
>> Right, so what is planned on this? Is there going to be a discussion 
>> about
>> whether more than one solution is needed? Whether people want more than 
>> one?
>> Currently, I believe we have two.
>
>
> I believed that at the last IETF the rough consensus was that
> there will eventually be one solution, which must be selected
> by the WG (with expertise from the DT to assist).

This is the best way to goforward and avoid to have multiple solutions
at the same time, which causes interoperability problems and burden on
implementers.

>
> There's only one solutions document on the charter of the WG.
>
> So I guess I don't see the need for a separate 'Fast RA'
> document at the moment.

This is true, as long as we have a single solution. I hope
we will not rework in the future to come up with a new
solution for DNA where we would also require the FastRA.

>
> That's not to say that draft-pentland-dna-protocol is the
> complete solution just because Hash Based FastRA is defined there
> (for example).

I agree with you and WG will decide. But I see two proposals
1. Landmark based and 2. Linkid based, both are from Design
team. I think somebody from the design team can put the pros
and cons of each method on WG mailing list, so that people
will have some idea before the WG meeting in Paris

>
> The Fast RA scheme is sound regardless of whether landmarks or
> completeRA are used.

Indeed.

And the idea of limiting the no. of FASTRAs to FASTRA_THRESHOLD (3)
is a good addition, hoping that no other adverse implications

>
>
> Greg
>
> 



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Fri Jun  3 01:19:31 2005
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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 15:18:49 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Suggestions for working toward a single solution (was Re: [DNA] No
 FastRA unless Landmark)
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Hi Syam,

Syam Madanapalli wrote:
[cut]
>>
>> That's not to say that draft-pentland-dna-protocol is the
>> complete solution just because Hash Based FastRA is defined there
>> (for example).
> 
> 
> I agree with you and WG will decide. But I see two proposals
> 1. Landmark based and 2. Linkid based, both are from Design
> team. I think somebody from the design team can put the pros
> and cons of each method on WG mailing list, so that people
> will have some idea before the WG meeting in Paris

Please be aware that the draft-pentland-dna-protocol's link
identification is not just a landmark based scheme, but also
provides a LinkID in the form of CompleteRA.



Since there's such good discussion going on, I think
it would be good to get the points presented on-list
to decide well before the meeting.

There may be issues raised beforehand which need to be resolved,
but we can make consensus calls (with appropriate durations
and prior warnings) on-list.

Only the issues which can't be resolved would have to wait
until the meeting.

Does that sound reasonable?

It would require that people are familiar with solutions to the
point where they could make a decision.

So anyone who hasn't been reading the solutions proposals,
please find some time to do so soon.

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Fri Jun  3 09:39:25 2005
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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 06:36:59 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au,
        Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
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Greg,

That is right, however, this is an optional feature of SEND, because many
ISPs may not have the ability to add the special attributes to the router
certs.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Greg Daley" <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
To: "Sathya Narayanan" <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Cc: "Erik Nordmark" <erik.nordmark@sun.com>; "Dna" <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 7:12 PM
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise


> Hi Sathya,
>
> Sathya Narayanan wrote:
> > Erik -
> >
> > It was my understanding that, a host can choose a prefix advertised by
> > R1 for its address configuration and use R2 as the default router
> > through which it sends is packets; i.e. advertising a prefix doesn't
> > mean the router is the only one that can route it.
> >
> > In SEND, 3971, section 7.3:
> >
> > Constrained
> >
> >       If the network operator wants to constrain which routers are
> >       allowed to route particular subnet prefixes, routers should be
> >       configured with certificates having subnet prefixes listed in the
> >       prefix extension.  These routers SHOULD advertise the subnet
> >       prefixes that they are certified to route, or a subset thereof.
> >
> > ....
> >
> >    Nodes SHOULD use one of the certified subnet prefixes for stateless
> >    autoconfiguration.  If none of the advertised subnet prefixes match,
> >    the host SHOULD use a different advertising router as its default
> >    router, if one is available.
> >
> >
> > This text seems to imply that routers advertising a prefix means they
> > are the ones allowed to route it.
> > Am I missing something?
>
> I remember this issue from SEND.
>
> Someone else may remember better though.
>
> The issue in SEND is essentially that in some circumstances we want to
> guarantee that a router is actually delegated authority to route for
> that prefix.   This is in the Certificate, not the PIO.
>
> I'd guess that the origin of the prefix doesn't matter (which RA the
> PIO arrives in), although the certificate would indicate that only
> those prefixes which are similarly authorized should be used as next
> hops for packets with that source address.
>
> Greg
>




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Fri Jun  3 09:50:27 2005
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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 19:15:31 +0530
From: Subba Reddy <subbareddy@samsung.com>
Subject: [DNA] comments on draft-ietf-dna-hosts-00
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        Ranjitsinh Wable <wable@samsung.com>
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Hi,

   Here are few comments and questions on host BCP document.

1. In Section 4.1,

   ".....When a host attaches itself to a new L2 link, if the
   corresponding stored prefix list doesn't contain the prefix it is
   using, the host SHOULD conclude that it has changed link and initiate
   new configuration procedure.  If the host finds the prefix it is
   using in the stored list of prefixes, a host MAY conclude that it is
   on the same link...."

   I think here "SHOULD" and "MAY" need to be swapped. In section 4.3.1,
   it is correctly mentioned as follows

   "....   A host SHOULD conclude that it is on the same link if any of the
   following events happen.

      Reception of a RA with a known prefix on the link...."

2. In section 4.5, in the table, for RS/multicast RA case, I think Upstream
is N and
    Downstream is Y. Downstream is Y because we received multicast RA. We
are not
    sure whether RS host sent was received by router or not amd hence
Upstream is N.

3. In section 4.2,
    "...   While hosts performing DNA do not know if they have arrived on a
new
   link, they SHOULD treat their addresses as if they were.  This means
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   that link-local addresses SHOULD be treated as either optimistic or
   tentative, and globally unique addresses SHOULD NOT be used in a way
   which creates neighbor cache state on their peers, while DNA
   procedures are underway.  The different treatment of IP addressing
   comes from the fact that on the global addresses cannot have an
   address conflict if they move to a topologically incorrect network
  where link-local addresses may.  Even though global addresses will
   not collide, the incorrect creation of neighbor cache entries on
   legacy peers may cause them some harm...."

 Can you please elaborate as what "SHOULD treat their addresses
 as if they were" underlined above means?
 I am little confused with this line. Also IMHO, this paragraph is a bit
difficult
to understand. It may be better to rephrase it in simple terms.

4.
Some typos

1. In section 4.5, last paragraph bracket is not closed.
   "...   Whenever a host receives a hint (see Section 5, after identifying
the
   link, it SHOULD verify partial reachability from its default router
   to itself."

2. In section 6,
"....       Invalidationof router and prefix list ..."

s/Invalidation of/Invalidationof

3. In section 7.2,
".......If a host is changing is IPv6 link, the new
                      ^^^
   router on that link may have a different configuration and may
   introduce more delay than the previous default router of the host...."

s/its/is

4.In section 8.2,
"....   If a non-SEND node forges a DAD defense for an address which is
still
   in peers' neighbor cache entries, a host may send a SEND protected
   unicast neighbor solicitation without a source link-layer address
   option to one its peers (which also uses SEND). ...."
                   ^^^^^^^^^
s/one of its/one its


Regards
Subba Reddy



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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 10:50:50 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] comments on draft-ietf-dna-hosts-00
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        rkrishnan.s@samsung.com, Ranjitsinh Wable <wable@samsung.com>
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Subba Reddy wrote:

>   Here are few comments and questions on host BCP document.
>  
>
Thanks for your comments. I was hoping to receive some feedback before I
created another version of the draft - targetting for mid-to-late June.

>1. In Section 4.1,
>
>   ".....When a host attaches itself to a new L2 link, if the
>   corresponding stored prefix list doesn't contain the prefix it is
>   using, the host SHOULD conclude that it has changed link and initiate
>   new configuration procedure.  If the host finds the prefix it is
>   using in the stored list of prefixes, a host MAY conclude that it is
>   on the same link...."
>
>  
>
In section 4.1, we are suggesting that hosts could maintain a cache
history of all its previous L2-L3 mapping information and use the stored
information to make link change detection. Since, mapping information is
not guaranteed to be correct (there is no lifetime associated to it by
the standards), we want to be conservative - i.e. its OK to conclude
link-change erroneously as during the configuration procedure you will
figure it out, hence the SHOULD - while we don't want to make strong
recommendation on concluding same-link - hence the MAY.

>   I think here "SHOULD" and "MAY" need to be swapped. In section 4.3.1,
>   it is correctly mentioned as follows
>
>   "....   A host SHOULD conclude that it is on the same link if any of the
>   following events happen.
>
>      Reception of a RA with a known prefix on the link...."
>  
>
In section 4.3.1, we are refering to the current list of know prefixes
with their associated lifetime - I guess this difference is not clear -
I will try to make it better in the next version.

>2. In section 4.5, in the table, for RS/multicast RA case, I think Upstream
>is N and
>    Downstream is Y. Downstream is Y because we received multicast RA. We
>are not
>    sure whether RS host sent was received by router or not amd hence
>Upstream is N.
>
>  
>
;-) Thanks for the catch. I will change it.

>3. In section 4.2,
>    "...   While hosts performing DNA do not know if they have arrived on a
>new
>   link, they SHOULD treat their addresses as if they were.  This means
>                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>   that link-local addresses SHOULD be treated as either optimistic or
>   tentative, and globally unique addresses SHOULD NOT be used in a way
>   which creates neighbor cache state on their peers, while DNA
>   procedures are underway.  The different treatment of IP addressing
>   comes from the fact that on the global addresses cannot have an
>   address conflict if they move to a topologically incorrect network
>  where link-local addresses may.  Even though global addresses will
>   not collide, the incorrect creation of neighbor cache entries on
>   legacy peers may cause them some harm...."
>
> Can you please elaborate as what "SHOULD treat their addresses
> as if they were" underlined above means?
>  
>
The following line tries to explain the meaning.

> I am little confused with this line. Also IMHO, this paragraph is a bit
>difficult to understand. It may be better to rephrase it in simple terms.
>  
>
Sure. We will try to improve this section for the next version.

>4.
>Some typos
>
>1. In section 4.5, last paragraph bracket is not closed.
>   "...   Whenever a host receives a hint (see Section 5, after identifying
>the
>   link, it SHOULD verify partial reachability from its default router
>   to itself."
>
>2. In section 6,
>"....       Invalidationof router and prefix list ..."
>
>s/Invalidation of/Invalidationof
>
>3. In section 7.2,
>".......If a host is changing is IPv6 link, the new
>                      ^^^
>   router on that link may have a different configuration and may
>   introduce more delay than the previous default router of the host...."
>
>s/its/is
>
>4.In section 8.2,
>"....   If a non-SEND node forges a DAD defense for an address which is
>still
>   in peers' neighbor cache entries, a host may send a SEND protected
>   unicast neighbor solicitation without a source link-layer address
>   option to one its peers (which also uses SEND). ...."
>                   ^^^^^^^^^
>s/one of its/one its
>
>  
>
Thanks again.

regards,
Sathya


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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 10:59:30 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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        Dna <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
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Jim -

>That is right, however, this is an optional feature of SEND, 
>
From 3971,

"nodes SHOULD verify that the prefix specified"
and
" Nodes SHOULD use one of the certified subnet prefixes for stateless autoconfiguration"

These conditions are SHOULDs to leave these features optional, is it?

>because many
>ISPs may not have the ability to add the special attributes to the router
>certs.
>  
>
Can you please point me to the place where these special attributes may
not be added to the certificates?

thanks,
Sathya

>----- Original Message ----- 
>From: "Greg Daley" <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
>To: "Sathya Narayanan" <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
>Cc: "Erik Nordmark" <erik.nordmark@sun.com>; "Dna" <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
>Sent: Thursday, June 02, 2005 7:12 PM
>Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
>
>
>  
>
>>Hi Sathya,
>>
>>Sathya Narayanan wrote:
>>    
>>
>>>Erik -
>>>
>>>It was my understanding that, a host can choose a prefix advertised by
>>>R1 for its address configuration and use R2 as the default router
>>>through which it sends is packets; i.e. advertising a prefix doesn't
>>>mean the router is the only one that can route it.
>>>
>>>In SEND, 3971, section 7.3:
>>>
>>>Constrained
>>>
>>>      If the network operator wants to constrain which routers are
>>>      allowed to route particular subnet prefixes, routers should be
>>>      configured with certificates having subnet prefixes listed in the
>>>      prefix extension.  These routers SHOULD advertise the subnet
>>>      prefixes that they are certified to route, or a subset thereof.
>>>
>>>....
>>>
>>>   Nodes SHOULD use one of the certified subnet prefixes for stateless
>>>   autoconfiguration.  If none of the advertised subnet prefixes match,
>>>   the host SHOULD use a different advertising router as its default
>>>   router, if one is available.
>>>
>>>
>>>This text seems to imply that routers advertising a prefix means they
>>>are the ones allowed to route it.
>>>Am I missing something?
>>>      
>>>
>>I remember this issue from SEND.
>>
>>Someone else may remember better though.
>>
>>The issue in SEND is essentially that in some circumstances we want to
>>guarantee that a router is actually delegated authority to route for
>>that prefix.   This is in the Certificate, not the PIO.
>>
>>I'd guess that the origin of the prefix doesn't matter (which RA the
>>PIO arrives in), although the certificate would indicate that only
>>those prefixes which are similarly authorized should be used as next
>>hops for packets with that source address.
>>
>>Greg
>>    
>>



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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 11:11:58 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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Greg -

Thanks for the response.

Before I go further, I started reading up on SEND to see how DNA should
work with it - the questions I am asking at the moment are for my own
clarifications - but we MAY have to address how the host can verify the
authenticity of the prefixes in a DNAO or even in the Landmark option,
if the certificates tightly bound the prefixes to individual routers.
Please stop me if I am barking up the wrong tree here.

<snip>

> I remember this issue from SEND.
>
> Someone else may remember better though.
>
> The issue in SEND is essentially that in some circumstances we want to
> guarantee that a router is actually delegated authority to route for
> that prefix.   This is in the Certificate, not the PIO.
>
> I'd guess that the origin of the prefix doesn't matter (which RA the
> PIO arrives in), although the certificate would indicate that only
> those prefixes which are similarly authorized should be used as next
> hops for packets with that source address.

Look at the following lines from 3971:

A router MAY, however, advertise a
   combination of certified and uncertified subnet prefixes.
   Uncertified subnet prefixes are treated as unsecured (i.e., processed
   in the same way as unsecured router advertisements sent by non-SEND
   routers).  The processing of unsecured messages is specified in
   Section 8.  Note that SEND nodes that do not attempt to interoperate
   with non-SEND nodes MAY simply discard the unsecured information.

If the network operator wants to constrain which routers are
      allowed to route particular subnet prefixes, routers should be
      configured with certificates having subnet prefixes listed in the
      prefix extension.  These routers SHOULD advertise the subnet
      prefixes that they are certified to route, or a subset thereof.

Upon processing a Prefix Information option within a Router
   Advertisement, nodes SHOULD verify that the prefix specified in this
   option falls within the range defined by the certificate, if the
   certificate contains a prefix extension.  Options failing this check
   are treated as containing uncertified subnet prefixes.


Upon receiving PIO in a RA, nodes SHOULD verify that the prefix falls
within the range defined by the certificate - if the check fails, treat
the PIO as unsecure, if a host doesn't want to interoperate with
non-SEND router, it can discard the unsecure PIOs. So, in a all-SEND
nodes world, if hosts do the check on the PIOs - is it fair to conclude
that the routing and advertising of any given prefix will have to be
from the same router(s).

thanks,
Sathya




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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 10:44:07 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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Greg Daley wrote:

> The issue in SEND is essentially that in some circumstances we want to
> guarantee that a router is actually delegated authority to route for
> that prefix.   This is in the Certificate, not the PIO.
> 
> I'd guess that the origin of the prefix doesn't matter (which RA the
> PIO arrives in), although the certificate would indicate that only
> those prefixes which are similarly authorized should be used as next
> hops for packets with that source address.

Is this something which has been implemented in the host SEND 
implementations? I can see it being quite hard since it fits neither the 
BSD-style code, nor the RFC 2461 conceptual model of a host.

    Erik


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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 10:44:55 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: [DNA] Re: Route vs Advertise
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Sathya Narayanan wrote:
> Erik -
> 
> It was my understanding that, a host can choose a prefix advertised by
> R1 for its address configuration and use R2 as the default router
> through which it sends is packets; i.e. advertising a prefix doesn't
> mean the router is the only one that can route it.

Your understanding is correct.

Should we move the SEND discussion/clarification to the SEND list until 
we have an answer?

    Erik

> In SEND, 3971, section 7.3:
> 
> Constrained
> 
>       If the network operator wants to constrain which routers are
>       allowed to route particular subnet prefixes, routers should be
>       configured with certificates having subnet prefixes listed in the
>       prefix extension.  These routers SHOULD advertise the subnet
>       prefixes that they are certified to route, or a subset thereof.
> 
> ....
> 
>    Nodes SHOULD use one of the certified subnet prefixes for stateless
>    autoconfiguration.  If none of the advertised subnet prefixes match,
>    the host SHOULD use a different advertising router as its default
>    router, if one is available.
> 
> 
> This text seems to imply that routers advertising a prefix means they
> are the ones allowed to route it.
> Am I missing something?
> 
> thanks,
> Sathya



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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 10:55:07 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unlessLandmark?(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Greg Daley wrote:

> If the user community is small enough on the previous link,
> the timing of your last packet receptions combined with the
> prefix from that link can create a pseudo-identifier.
> 
> These pseudo-identifiers can be tracked across link boundaries,
> and can prevent movement and location-identity(if the identity was
> revealed on a previous or future link) privacy.

I guess I don't understand the problem you are trying to solve here, so 
that I can gauge what the current threat situations looks like without DNA.

Is the threat is that of an attacker which can simultaneously observe 
packets on both link 1 and link 2, and you are concerned that such an 
attacker can correlate the packets seen from the host on link 1 and on 
link 2?

Without DNA this can be easily accomplished by looking at the traffic 
patterns. For example, given TCP connection might attempt to continue 
with the same source port number and destination port/ip after the move, 
or the host might have done IKE+ESP to IP address 1.2.3.4 before the 
move and after the move the host restarts IKE to IP address 1.2.3.4 (the 
host's VPN gateway). If mobile IP is used then you'll see an ESP 
protected packet (with a size of a binding update) being sent to the 
same IP address as before (the host's HA); it might even have a Home 
address option in the clear. And for http in the clear, the fact that 
the host has RSS feeds from their favorite places will tell it apart.

So traffic analysis can do lots in this space when the movement is near 
instantaneous.

That is quite different than the threat of an attacker which saw 
Ethernet address X (and an IPv6 address with X as the IID) 2 months ago 
and again sees the same Ethernet address. In that case some traffic 
analysis might be helpful to the attacker even when the Ethernet address 
has changed, but the host's traffic patterns might have changed in the 
meantime.

So I suggest we define what privacy problems we think we need to 
address, and compare those with non-DNA related threats, before we start 
working on solutions to privacy issues.

   Erik


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Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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> >That is right, however, this is an optional feature of SEND,
> >
> From 3971,
>
> "nodes SHOULD verify that the prefix specified"
> and
> " Nodes SHOULD use one of the certified subnet prefixes for stateless
autoconfiguration"
>
> These conditions are SHOULDs to leave these features optional, is it?
>

Yes.

> >because many
> >ISPs may not have the ability to add the special attributes to the router
> >certs.
> >
> >
> Can you please point me to the place where these special attributes may
> not be added to the certificates?
>

Nothing in the spec, just an observation on the current deployment
situation. For example, if the ISP gets their router cert directly from
Verisign rather than running their own PKI, it might be hard to get the
additional attributes added, and might additionlly constrain network
management flexibility. The IESG requested that we change the MUST to SHOULD
prior to going to RFC for this reason.

                jak




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From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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> Before I go further, I started reading up on SEND to see how DNA should
> work with it - the questions I am asking at the moment are for my own
> clarifications - but we MAY have to address how the host can verify the
> authenticity of the prefixes in a DNAO or even in the Landmark option,
> if the certificates tightly bound the prefixes to individual routers.
> Please stop me if I am barking up the wrong tree here.
>

If the certs have prefixes in them, there is no reason why the certs must
only list the prefixes that are currently being advertised. The SEND spec
allows the certs to list a range of prefixes, or even a set of prefixes. So
the range or set could contain all the prefixes on the link, even those not
currently being advertised, indeed, the range could include all the prefixes
in the access network, if the ISP uses a "site" certificate, like many Web
services operators do.

> A router MAY, however, advertise a
>    combination of certified and uncertified subnet prefixes.
>    Uncertified subnet prefixes are treated as unsecured (i.e., processed
>    in the same way as unsecured router advertisements sent by non-SEND
>    routers).  The processing of unsecured messages is specified in
>    Section 8.  Note that SEND nodes that do not attempt to interoperate
>    with non-SEND nodes MAY simply discard the unsecured information.
>

Note that this does not imply that the router advertisement should be
considered insecure, just the uncertified prefix. If the advertisement has a
signature verifiable with the router's certified public key, then the router
is trustworthy.

> If the network operator wants to constrain which routers are
>       allowed to route particular subnet prefixes, routers should be
>       configured with certificates having subnet prefixes listed in the
>       prefix extension.  These routers SHOULD advertise the subnet
>       prefixes that they are certified to route, or a subset thereof.
>
> Upon processing a Prefix Information option within a Router
>    Advertisement, nodes SHOULD verify that the prefix specified in this
>    option falls within the range defined by the certificate, if the
>    certificate contains a prefix extension.  Options failing this check
>    are treated as containing uncertified subnet prefixes.
>
>
> Upon receiving PIO in a RA, nodes SHOULD verify that the prefix falls
> within the range defined by the certificate - if the check fails, treat
> the PIO as unsecure, if a host doesn't want to interoperate with
> non-SEND router, it can discard the unsecure PIOs. So, in a all-SEND
> nodes world, if hosts do the check on the PIOs - is it fair to conclude
> that the routing and advertising of any given prefix will have to be
> from the same router(s).
>

That was the intent, a certified prefix means the router is authorized to
route the prefix as advertised.

            jak





From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Fri Jun  3 22:50:17 2005
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Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2005 19:49:52 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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Out implementation doesn't work that way. It just uses the prefixes in the
certificate to check whether the prefixes are certified or not, and drops
those that are uncertified if the host is configured to do so. It doesn't
uses the certification to determine what addresses to send to what router
since, as Erik says, that is not in the RFC 2461 conceptual model.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Erik Nordmark" <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
To: <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Cc: "Sathya Narayanan" <sathya@research.panasonic.com>; "Dna"
<dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Friday, June 03, 2005 10:44 AM
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise


> Greg Daley wrote:
>
> > The issue in SEND is essentially that in some circumstances we want to
> > guarantee that a router is actually delegated authority to route for
> > that prefix.   This is in the Certificate, not the PIO.
> >
> > I'd guess that the origin of the prefix doesn't matter (which RA the
> > PIO arrives in), although the certificate would indicate that only
> > those prefixes which are similarly authorized should be used as next
> > hops for packets with that source address.
>
> Is this something which has been implemented in the host SEND
> implementations? I can see it being quite hard since it fits neither the
> BSD-style code, nor the RFC 2461 conceptual model of a host.
>
>     Erik
>




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Sun Jun  5 21:53:06 2005
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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 11:48:44 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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Hi James and Erik,

James Kempf wrote:
> Out implementation doesn't work that way. It just uses the prefixes in the
> certificate to check whether the prefixes are certified or not, and drops
> those that are uncertified if the host is configured to do so. It doesn't
> uses the certification to determine what addresses to send to what router
> since, as Erik says, that is not in the RFC 2461 conceptual model.

Thanks for your clarification James.

I wasn't explicitly referring to any particular codebase in my surmise.

Greg

>             jak
> 
> ----- Original Message ----- 
> From: "Erik Nordmark" <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
> To: <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
> Cc: "Sathya Narayanan" <sathya@research.panasonic.com>; "Dna"
> <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
> Sent: Friday, June 03, 2005 10:44 AM
> Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
> 
> 
> 
>>Greg Daley wrote:
>>
>>
>>>The issue in SEND is essentially that in some circumstances we want to
>>>guarantee that a router is actually delegated authority to route for
>>>that prefix.   This is in the Certificate, not the PIO.
>>>
>>>I'd guess that the origin of the prefix doesn't matter (which RA the
>>>PIO arrives in), although the certificate would indicate that only
>>>those prefixes which are similarly authorized should be used as next
>>>hops for packets with that source address.
>>
>>Is this something which has been implemented in the host SEND
>>implementations? I can see it being quite hard since it fits neither the
>>BSD-style code, nor the RFC 2461 conceptual model of a host.
>>
>>    Erik
>>
> 
> 
> 


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Subject: Re: [DNA] No FastRA unlessLandmark?(draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00)
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Cc: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>, dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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 <429E8A24.50407@eng.monash.edu.au> <42A0997B.3090701@sun.com>
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Hi Erik,

I guess this is largely tangential.

Please tell me if you think we're going too far for on-list.

Erik Nordmark wrote:
> Greg Daley wrote:
> 
>> If the user community is small enough on the previous link,
>> the timing of your last packet receptions combined with the
>> prefix from that link can create a pseudo-identifier.
>>
>> These pseudo-identifiers can be tracked across link boundaries,
>> and can prevent movement and location-identity(if the identity was
>> revealed on a previous or future link) privacy.
> 
> 
> I guess I don't understand the problem you are trying to solve here, so 
> that I can gauge what the current threat situations looks like without DNA.
> 
> Is the threat is that of an attacker which can simultaneously observe 
> packets on both link 1 and link 2, and you are concerned that such an 
> attacker can correlate the packets seen from the host on link 1 and on 
> link 2?

I think primarily this is the case which would be applicable to DNA.


> Without DNA this can be easily accomplished by looking at the traffic 
> patterns. For example, given TCP connection might attempt to continue 
> with the same source port number and destination port/ip after the move, 
> or the host might have done IKE+ESP to IP address 1.2.3.4 before the 
> move and after the move the host restarts IKE to IP address 1.2.3.4 (the 
> host's VPN gateway). If mobile IP is used then you'll see an ESP 
> protected packet (with a size of a binding update) being sent to the 
> same IP address as before (the host's HA); it might even have a Home 
> address option in the clear. And for http in the clear, the fact that 
> the host has RSS feeds from their favorite places will tell it apart.
> 
> So traffic analysis can do lots in this space when the movement is near 
> instantaneous.


Yes, that's certainly the case.  when the user communities are small,
it's fairly hard to hide movement from traffic analysis.

On the other hand, one of the things to come out of the MoMiPriv
list (and MobileIP based privacy work), is that there's a requirement
for privacy analysis with each of the protocols used when attempting
to maintain privacy.

So the Application layers, ESP, IKE, MIPv6, DNAv6, and 802.1X etc.
all have a role to play in maintaining dissociation between particular
locations and identities (or movements across network boundaries).

Certain of this information may not be possible to hide from AAA or
Home Agents for example.  I guess though, that there's an interest in
the longer term to make communications casually untraceable.

Some of this may require protocol re-engineering, although it may be
possible to make some "Privacy Considerations", if we're aware of the
basic problems around specification time.

> That is quite different than the threat of an attacker which saw 
> Ethernet address X (and an IPv6 address with X as the IID) 2 months ago 
> and again sees the same Ethernet address. In that case some traffic 
> analysis might be helpful to the attacker even when the Ethernet address 
> has changed, but the host's traffic patterns might have changed in the 
> meantime.
> 
> So I suggest we define what privacy problems we think we need to 
> address, and compare those with non-DNA related threats, before we start 
> working on solutions to privacy issues.

Definitiely, I agree.  The distinction is also a good one.

It would be good though to have flexibility in DNAv6,
to avoid passing out identifiers if a host doesn't explicitly
need to.

If we need to have a look at these issues in depth, there's likely to
be work in Mobopts and MIP6, as well as on a couple of existing lists
such as MoMiPriv.

Some of the assumptions under which the discussions have been operating
may be directly applicable to DNA.  (So we may not have to develop them
ourselves... I'll have a look at these if I have time soon).

Greg


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun  6 03:07:10 2005
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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 17:06:09 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet section for comment
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au, Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@samsung.com>
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Dear Alper and WG,

Here is an update of the text provided before last IETF
for Ethernet in the link-information document.

I'm not sure how useful the recommendations are to people,
and apparently there was some difficulty even amongst
DNA illuminati in understanding what I was getting at in
the last version.

So if you have any opinions or experience, please comment
on-list, in order that forward progress can be made.

Greg


Text follows, potentially to be inserted as a section
in the draft-ietf-dna-link-information.

-------------------------------------------------

Ethernet is the most commonly deployed Local Area Network
technology in use today.
As deployed today, it is specified by both a
physical layer/medium access control (MAC) layer specification [802.3],
and a bridging specification used for connecting different
ethernet LAN segments together [802.1d].

In Ethernet networks, hosts are connected by wires or by optic fibre
to a switch (bridge), a bus (e.g. co-axial cable), a repeater (hub), or
directly to another ethernet device.  Interfaces are symmetric, in
that while many different physical laters may be present, medium access
control is uniform for all devices.

In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready for
frame transfer, Ethernet specifies its own link monitoring mechanism.
This Link Integrity Test operation is used to identify when packets are
able to be received on an ethernet segment.
It is applicable to both wired and optical physical layers, although
details vary between technologies (link pulses in copper, light levels
in fibre).

Subsection: Link Integrity Tests in 802.3 networks.
---------------------------------------------------

The status of the link as determined by the Link Integrity Test is
stored in the variable 'link_status'.  Changes to the value of
link_status (for example due to Link Integrity Test failure) will
generate link indications if the technology dependent interface is
implemented on an ethernet device [802.3].

The link_status has possible values of FAIL, READY and OK.
When an interface is in FAIL state, Link Integrity Tests have failed.
Where status is READY, the link segment has passed integrity tests,
but autonegotiation has not completed.  OK state indicates that the
medium is able to send and receive packets.

Upon transition to a particular state the Physical Medium Attachment
subsystems generates a PMA_LINK.indicate(link_status).  Indications
of OK state may be used as Link-Up indications for DNA.
PMA_LINK.indicate(FAIL) may be used as a Link-Down indication reliably
by DNA[802.3].

Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will be able
to be received through the switching infrastructure which composes
a broadcast domain, though.  Such operations are governed by bridging.

Subsection: 802.1d Bridging and its effects on link indications
--------------------------------------------------------------

Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.
Bridging is a mechanism which provides loopless paths across a series
of link-segments.

Due to its necessity in preventing bridge loops, bridging has become
synonymous with the spanning tree protocol.
The spanning tree protocol and its variants provide loopless
forwarding between ethernet-like switches within a broadcast domain.

The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol Data Unit
(BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which switches are
connected to others.
By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether a
particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a bridge loop.
Therefore it typically blocks all traffic from a port until
spanning tree operations can determine if a loop exists.

For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears available,
no forwarding will occur until the network is satisfied that
the connected is not another bridge or repeater port.

No explicit indication that forwarding has begun is sent from a
switch to its peer devices.  Therefore, a host may not know
when STP operations have completed, and when it is safe to
inform upper layers to transmit packets.

As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit knowledge may
be available through the new Link-Layer Discovery Protocol
as to whether frame forwarding operation is immediately available.

Where it is not known that forwarding operations are available, a
host needs to assume that STP is being performed, and may indicate
full connectivity only based on reception of BPDUs or timeouts.

Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP, the
host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that general
packet transfer is available across the LAN.

If no bridge configuration messages are received within
the default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is unlikely that
the peer device is a bridge, since at least two BPDU hello messages
have been lost.
Upon this timeout, a host may (re)-send a link-layer indication showing
that packets sent within the prior interval were likely to have
traversed the forwarding path.

If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original Spanning
Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send packets until at
least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired twice.   This timeout
defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds) [802.1d].  After this time,
the host can send a link-layer up indication showing that the previous
interval after the PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) event was one of loss.

If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
(RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet reception
(advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
For ports which are known to be point-to-point through autonegotiation,
this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after autonegotiation completes
[802.1d].
After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between
indications was a lossy interval.


Subsection: 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol.
-------------------------------------------------

The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
provides information to directly connected devices about its MAC 
peer[802.1AB].

LLDP sends information periodically, and at link status change time
to indicate the configuration parameters of the device.
Devices may either send or receive these messages, or both.

The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which describes
the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is currently using.
Where a host receives the Systems Capabilities TLV which indicate
that no Bridging or Repeating is occurring on the link-layer
peer, then no delays for STP calculation will be applied to packets
sent from this host.  This would allow an authoritative link-layer
indication to be sent to upper-layers about the availability of
packet transfer.

Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV which
indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the host's
advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only, may tell the
peer switch not to run STP, and immediately allow forwarding.

Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding is
already available on such a port.  Discussions of such
optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.

Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is unclear
how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4 or IPv6 networks.


Summary
-------

Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are complicated by
additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning Tree calculations.
This may cause re-indication or retraction of indications previously
sent to upper layer protocols.


Greg



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun  6 03:15:21 2005
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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 09:14:22 +0200
From: Marc Manthey <marc@let.de>
Subject: [DNA] Is there life after DNS ?
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Hi all,

did you ever ask yourself that question?
With 2369 domains we have the best root. We are the frontier. We have  
to think
what comes after DNS.

ICANN does not face that frontier. They used to have 250 Domains but  
they lost
one. No they are back to 249. They cannot go up to 250 again because the
next domain they want to introduse is "xxx." and that gets filtered and
accused on most servers they use because they are owned by universities.
It just happened to me and several others on NANOG. :)

IPv6 will be a challenge. No normal human beeing thinks of typing in  
IPv6
addresses. Cut and paste, maybe - but typing, no! IPv6 will break DNS!

There are nameservers behind firewalls that dont allow tpc  
connections to the
namesevers. IPv6 addresses will break packet borders and they will  
finally
break these nameservers.

You dont need IPv6? Ipv4 is good enuf for you?

Joe and me, we have seen IPv9 working. Stay with your old IPv4  
machines and let
governements decide what is good for you. Send your emails to the  
governement
and let them decide what is spam. They are looking forward to reading  
and maybe
forwarding or not your emails. Who needs to run a mailserver anyhow.  
Dont you
think its a good idea of the goverment to close port 25 forwarding?

If you dont think so read on!

Today we have to worlds a host might live in. There are some good  
guys running
servers running important machines with fixed addresses. They make up  
the world
of DNS. Everybody can ask DNS for their addresses and maybe their names.

And then we have hosts like yours and mine connected via NAT-routers  
to dsl- or
cable-modems or to good old pots via good old modems. Whenever I  
connect to the
internet I get a new ip. An ip that somebody else might have used for  
sending
spam the I cannot use it for sending emails. An ip that nobody knows  
not even me.
If I dont disconnect and reconnect my provider will do that for me  
once every
24 hours. That is the world of P2P users and services like no-ip.com .

How do these hosts know eachother? How do they find eachother. How do  
they
connect? How do they identify?

There is live outside DNS. I have met them.

Before we had DNS there was /etc/hosts and there still is NIS. NIS+  
might have
become DNS but SUN has given up. It does not scale up.

Still there is P2P. It is losely connected to DNS by services like no- 
ip.com

Does P2P really need static ip addresses?.

The DSLAM the concentrator and router I am connected to, manages some  
4K addresses.
To find echnaton.serveftp.com just try 4K ip addresses and you have  
got me.

If only 100 hosts of those 4K possible addresses in the voicinity of  
frankfurt on
main, germany had a P2P-nameservice running you would only have to  
ask 40 addresses
to get me.

You got me?

best  regards

regards,

marc manthey

www.cuseeme.de
********************************************************
opencuseeme /  peer2peer multiparty conferencing
********************************************************


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From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun  6 04:00:04 2005
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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 10:58:54 +0300
From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet section for
 comment
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au, dna@eng.monash.edu.au,
        Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@samsung.com>
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Greg,

I am the chair of the Ethernet MIB WG and co-chair of the Bridge MIB WG.


I do have experience with link state information in Ethernet and IEEE
802.1 bridges. I will read the proposed text and provide my individual
opinion. 

I would recommend that you submit this text for review to the Ethernet
MIB WG list (hubmib@ietf.org) and to the Bridge MIB WG list
(bridge-mib@ietf.org) so that more experts have a look at the text. I
can also forward this mail to these lists and ask for opinions to be fed
back into the dna list. 

Regards,

Dan
 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au 
> [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of Greg Daley
> Sent: Monday, June 06, 2005 10:06 AM
> To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au; Alper Yegin
> Subject: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet 
> section for comment
> 
> Dear Alper and WG,
> 
> Here is an update of the text provided before last IETF for 
> Ethernet in the link-information document.
> 
> I'm not sure how useful the recommendations are to people, 
> and apparently there was some difficulty even amongst DNA 
> illuminati in understanding what I was getting at in the last version.
> 
> So if you have any opinions or experience, please comment 
> on-list, in order that forward progress can be made.
> 
> Greg
> 
> 
> Text follows, potentially to be inserted as a section in the 
> draft-ietf-dna-link-information.
> 
> -------------------------------------------------
> 
> Ethernet is the most commonly deployed Local Area Network 
> technology in use today.
> As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical 
> layer/medium access control (MAC) layer specification 
> [802.3], and a bridging specification used for connecting 
> different ethernet LAN segments together [802.1d].
> 
> In Ethernet networks, hosts are connected by wires or by 
> optic fibre to a switch (bridge), a bus (e.g. co-axial 
> cable), a repeater (hub), or directly to another ethernet 
> device.  Interfaces are symmetric, in that while many 
> different physical laters may be present, medium access 
> control is uniform for all devices.
> 
> In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready 
> for frame transfer, Ethernet specifies its own link 
> monitoring mechanism.
> This Link Integrity Test operation is used to identify when 
> packets are able to be received on an ethernet segment.
> It is applicable to both wired and optical physical layers, 
> although details vary between technologies (link pulses in 
> copper, light levels in fibre).
> 
> Subsection: Link Integrity Tests in 802.3 networks.
> ---------------------------------------------------
> 
> The status of the link as determined by the Link Integrity 
> Test is stored in the variable 'link_status'.  Changes to the 
> value of link_status (for example due to Link Integrity Test 
> failure) will generate link indications if the technology 
> dependent interface is implemented on an ethernet device [802.3].
> 
> The link_status has possible values of FAIL, READY and OK.
> When an interface is in FAIL state, Link Integrity Tests have failed.
> Where status is READY, the link segment has passed integrity 
> tests, but autonegotiation has not completed.  OK state 
> indicates that the medium is able to send and receive packets.
> 
> Upon transition to a particular state the Physical Medium 
> Attachment subsystems generates a 
> PMA_LINK.indicate(link_status).  Indications of OK state may 
> be used as Link-Up indications for DNA.
> PMA_LINK.indicate(FAIL) may be used as a Link-Down indication 
> reliably by DNA[802.3].
> 
> Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will 
> be able to be received through the switching infrastructure 
> which composes a broadcast domain, though.  Such operations 
> are governed by bridging.
> 
> Subsection: 802.1d Bridging and its effects on link indications
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.
> Bridging is a mechanism which provides loopless paths across 
> a series of link-segments.
> 
> Due to its necessity in preventing bridge loops, bridging has 
> become synonymous with the spanning tree protocol.
> The spanning tree protocol and its variants provide loopless 
> forwarding between ethernet-like switches within a broadcast domain.
> 
> The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol Data Unit
> (BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which 
> switches are connected to others.
> By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether 
> a particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a 
> bridge loop.
> Therefore it typically blocks all traffic from a port until 
> spanning tree operations can determine if a loop exists.
> 
> For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears 
> available, no forwarding will occur until the network is 
> satisfied that the connected is not another bridge or repeater port.
> 
> No explicit indication that forwarding has begun is sent from 
> a switch to its peer devices.  Therefore, a host may not know 
> when STP operations have completed, and when it is safe to 
> inform upper layers to transmit packets.
> 
> As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit 
> knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer 
> Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation 
> is immediately available.
> 
> Where it is not known that forwarding operations are 
> available, a host needs to assume that STP is being 
> performed, and may indicate full connectivity only based on 
> reception of BPDUs or timeouts.
> 
> Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP, 
> the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
> parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that 
> general packet transfer is available across the LAN.
> 
> If no bridge configuration messages are received within the 
> default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is unlikely 
> that the peer device is a bridge, since at least two BPDU 
> hello messages have been lost.
> Upon this timeout, a host may (re)-send a link-layer 
> indication showing that packets sent within the prior 
> interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path.
> 
> If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original 
> Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send 
> packets until at
> least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired twice.   This timeout
> defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds) [802.1d].  After this 
> time, the host can send a link-layer up indication showing 
> that the previous interval after the PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) 
> event was one of loss.
> 
> If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree 
> Protocol (RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet 
> reception (advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
> For ports which are known to be point-to-point through 
> autonegotiation, this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after 
> autonegotiation completes [802.1d].
> After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
> PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between 
> indications was a lossy interval.
> 
> 
> Subsection: 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol.
> -------------------------------------------------
> 
> The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol 
> (LLDP) provides information to directly connected devices 
> about its MAC peer[802.1AB].
> 
> LLDP sends information periodically, and at link status 
> change time to indicate the configuration parameters of the device.
> Devices may either send or receive these messages, or both.
> 
> The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which 
> describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is 
> currently using.
> Where a host receives the Systems Capabilities TLV which 
> indicate that no Bridging or Repeating is occurring on the 
> link-layer peer, then no delays for STP calculation will be 
> applied to packets sent from this host.  This would allow an 
> authoritative link-layer indication to be sent to 
> upper-layers about the availability of packet transfer.
> 
> Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV 
> which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the 
> host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only, 
> may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately 
> allow forwarding.
> 
> Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding 
> is already available on such a port.  Discussions of such 
> optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.
> 
> Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is 
> unclear how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4 
> or IPv6 networks.
> 
> 
> Summary
> -------
> 
> Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are 
> complicated by additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning 
> Tree calculations.
> This may cause re-indication or retraction of indications 
> previously sent to upper layer protocols.
> 
> 
> Greg
> 
> 


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun  6 05:02:28 2005
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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 12:00:58 +0300
From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet section for
 comment
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au, dna@eng.monash.edu.au,
        Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@samsung.com>
Cc: dbharrington@comcast.net
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 comment
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Please see comments to this section below. As I said in my previous
mail, it would be good to run this text with the Ethernet Interfaces MIB
and Bridge MIB lists. 

The co-chair of the Bridge MIB is also copied. 

Regards,

Dan


> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au 
> [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of Greg Daley
> Sent: Monday, June 06, 2005 10:06 AM
> To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au; Alper Yegin
> Subject: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet 
> section for comment
> 
> Dear Alper and WG,
> 
> Here is an update of the text provided before last IETF for 
> Ethernet in the link-information document.
> 
> I'm not sure how useful the recommendations are to people, 
> and apparently there was some difficulty even amongst DNA 
> illuminati in understanding what I was getting at in the last version.
> 
> So if you have any opinions or experience, please comment 
> on-list, in order that forward progress can be made.
> 
> Greg
> 
> 
> Text follows, potentially to be inserted as a section in the 
> draft-ietf-dna-link-information.
> 
> -------------------------------------------------
> 
> Ethernet is the most commonly deployed Local Area Network 
> technology in use today.
> As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical 
> layer/medium access control (MAC) layer specification 
> [802.3], and a bridging specification used for connecting 
> different ethernet LAN segments together [802.1d].

No - this is not accurate. Ethernet is only IEEE 802.3 technology.
Bridging technology as defined by IEEE 802.1D and other standards in the
802.1 family can run with different MAC technologies, Ethernet included,
but is not Ethernet. 

> 
> In Ethernet networks, hosts are connected by wires or by 
> optic fibre to a switch (bridge), a bus (e.g. co-axial 
> cable), a repeater (hub), or directly to another ethernet 
> device.  Interfaces are symmetric, in that while many 
> different physical laters may be present, medium access 
> control is uniform for all devices.
> 
> In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready 
> for frame transfer, Ethernet specifies its own link 
> monitoring mechanism.
> This Link Integrity Test operation is used to identify when 
> packets are able to be received on an ethernet segment.
> It is applicable to both wired and optical physical layers, 
> although details vary between technologies (link pulses in 
> copper, light levels in fibre).
> 
> Subsection: Link Integrity Tests in 802.3 networks.
> ---------------------------------------------------
> 
> The status of the link as determined by the Link Integrity 
> Test is stored in the variable 'link_status'.  Changes to the 
> value of link_status (for example due to Link Integrity Test 
> failure) will generate link indications if the technology 
> dependent interface is implemented on an ethernet device [802.3].
> 
> The link_status has possible values of FAIL, READY and OK.
> When an interface is in FAIL state, Link Integrity Tests have failed.
> Where status is READY, the link segment has passed integrity 
> tests, but autonegotiation has not completed.  OK state 
> indicates that the medium is able to send and receive packets.
> 
> Upon transition to a particular state the Physical Medium 
> Attachment subsystems generates a 
> PMA_LINK.indicate(link_status).  Indications of OK state may 
> be used as Link-Up indications for DNA.
> PMA_LINK.indicate(FAIL) may be used as a Link-Down indication 
> reliably by DNA[802.3].
> 
> Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will 
> be able to be received through the switching infrastructure 
> which composes a broadcast domain, though.  Such operations 
> are governed by bridging.

'The term switching infrastructure' has no firm definition in standards.
Beyond this, 'switches' can be deplotyed beyond one single broadcast
domain. You probably would like to use 'bridging domain' instead. 

> 
> Subsection: 802.1d Bridging and its effects on link indications
> --------------------------------------------------------------

The correct spelling is (IEEE) 802.1D

> 
> Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.
> Bridging is a mechanism which provides loopless paths across 
> a series of link-segments.

'Link-segments' is again fuzzy from a standard terminology perspective.
Maybe 'Briding is a mechanisms which provides loopless paths across LANs
interconnected by IEEE 802.1D bridges'

> 
> Due to its necessity in preventing bridge loops, bridging has 
> become synonymous with the spanning tree protocol.
> The spanning tree protocol and its variants provide loopless 
> forwarding between ethernet-like switches within a broadcast domain.
> 
> The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol Data Unit
> (BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which 
> switches are connected to others.

Better use 'bridges' rather than 'switches'. 

> By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether 
> a particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a 
> bridge loop.

Just 'loop'.

> Therefore it typically blocks all traffic from a port until 
> spanning tree operations can determine if a loop exists.
> 

Better - 'therefore it will block all traffic from and to a newly
connected ports with the exception of the STP BPDUs. The STP will
determine is the port can be connected to the network in a loop-free
environment'.

> For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears 
> available, no forwarding will occur until the network is 
> satisfied that the connected is not another bridge or repeater port.

Better '... Until it is determined that the port can be connected to the
network in a loop-free environment'. 

> 
> No explicit indication that forwarding has begun is sent from 
> a switch to its peer devices.  Therefore, a host may not know 
> when STP operations have completed, and when it is safe to 
> inform upper layers to transmit packets.
> 
> As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit 
> knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer 
> Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation 
> is immediately available.
> 
> Where it is not known that forwarding operations are 
> available, a host needs to assume that STP is being 
> performed, and may indicate full connectivity only based on 
> reception of BPDUs or timeouts.
> 
> Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP, 
> the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
> parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that 
> general packet transfer is available across the LAN.


No need to do this IMO. For its own availability a host knows when a
local port is transiting into forwarding state. See IEEE 802.1D-1998:
clause 8.5.5.2 and the dot1dStpPortState in the Bridge MIB (latest
version
http://www.ietf.cnri.reston.va.us/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-bridge-brid
gemib-smiv2-10.txt to be published as a proposed standard any time now).


> 
> If no bridge configuration messages are received within the 
> default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is unlikely 
> that the peer device is a bridge, since at least two BPDU 
> hello messages have been lost.
> Upon this timeout, a host may (re)-send a link-layer 
> indication showing that packets sent within the prior 
> interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path.
> 
> If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original 
> Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send 
> packets until at
> least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired twice.   This timeout
> defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds) [802.1d].  After this 
> time, the host can send a link-layer up indication showing 
> that the previous interval after the PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) 
> event was one of loss.
> 
> If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree 
> Protocol (RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet 
> reception (advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
> For ports which are known to be point-to-point through 
> autonegotiation, this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after 
> autonegotiation completes [802.1d].
> After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
> PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between 
> indications was a lossy interval.

What is the bridge port is disabled by a management command? See IEEE
802.1D-1998: clause 8.5.5.2, and the dot1dStpPortEnable object in the
Bridge MIB.

> 
> 
> Subsection: 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol.
> -------------------------------------------------
> 
> The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol 
> (LLDP) provides information to directly connected devices 
> about its MAC peer[802.1AB].
> 
> LLDP sends information periodically, and at link status 
> change time to indicate the configuration parameters of the device.
> Devices may either send or receive these messages, or both.
> 
> The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which 
> describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is 
> currently using.
> Where a host receives the Systems Capabilities TLV which 
> indicate that no Bridging or Repeating is occurring on the 
> link-layer peer, then no delays for STP calculation will be 
> applied to packets sent from this host.  This would allow an 
> authoritative link-layer indication to be sent to 
> upper-layers about the availability of packet transfer.

This does not look right. The IEEE 802.1AB system capabilities reflects
only what capabilities are enabled on the remote host (see Section
9.5.8.1 in the IEEE 802.1AB specification). The fact that a bridge for
example is connected at the other end does not mean that the port of the
bridge is enabled, or that spanning tree allows data packet transfer. 

> 
> Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV 
> which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the 
> host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only, 
> may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately 
> allow forwarding.
> 
> Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding 
> is already available on such a port.  Discussions of such 
> optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.
> 
> Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is 
> unclear how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4 
> or IPv6 networks.
> 
> 
> Summary
> -------
> 
> Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are 
> complicated by additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning 
> Tree calculations.
> This may cause re-indication or retraction of indications 
> previously sent to upper layer protocols.
> 
> 
> Greg
> 
> 


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun  6 12:13:54 2005
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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 17:07:24 +0200
From: Tom Petch <nwnetworks@dial.pipex.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet section for
 comment
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I agree with Dan and would add:

Properly the technology is IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD (and even that leaves out quite a
lot of the
title) and I would like you to introduce it as such, adding something like
'commonly referred to as Ethernet'

If you are going to use Ethernet (as opposed to say CSMA/CD or IEEE 802.3) in
the rest of the document, then you should add a sentence to that effect (the
term Ethernet scarcely appears in IEEE 802.3).

It is wrong to say that all media have Link Integrity Tests eg 10BASE5 (yes, it
is still in use).

The default I see is BPDU Hello every two seconds so within the default 20s,
more than two will have been lost.  But this paragraph and the following one
confuse me with references to peer device.  This is broadcast, a degenerate case
being only two devices, and if there is a bridge anywhere in the topology, then
I expect to see BPDU every 2s. Spanning Tree will not work without them so not
seeing them says either no bridges or Spanning Tree has been disabled (does
happen, used to be common with slow - eg WAN - links)

Tom Petch

----- Original Message -----
From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
To: <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>; <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>; "Alper Yegin"
<alper.yegin@samsung.com>
Cc: <dbharrington@comcast.net>
Sent: Monday, June 06, 2005 11:00 AM
Subject: RE: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet section for
comment

> Please see comments to this section below. As I said in my previous
> mail, it would be good to run this text with the Ethernet Interfaces MIB
> and Bridge MIB lists.
>
> The co-chair of the Bridge MIB is also copied.
>
> Dan
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
> > [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of Greg Daley
> > Sent: Monday, June 06, 2005 10:06 AM
> > To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au; Alper Yegin
> > Subject: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet
> > section for comment
> >
> > Dear Alper and WG,
> >
> > Here is an update of the text provided before last IETF for
> > Ethernet in the link-information document.
> >
> > I'm not sure how useful the recommendations are to people,
> > and apparently there was some difficulty even amongst DNA
> > illuminati in understanding what I was getting at in the last version.
> >
> > So if you have any opinions or experience, please comment
> > on-list, in order that forward progress can be made.
> >
> > Greg
> >
> > Text follows, potentially to be inserted as a section in the
> > draft-ietf-dna-link-information.
> >
> > -------------------------------------------------
> >
> > Ethernet is the most commonly deployed Local Area Network
> > technology in use today.
> > As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical
> > layer/medium access control (MAC) layer specification
> > [802.3], and a bridging specification used for connecting
> > different ethernet LAN segments together [802.1d].
>
> No - this is not accurate. Ethernet is only IEEE 802.3 technology.
> Bridging technology as defined by IEEE 802.1D and other standards in the
> 802.1 family can run with different MAC technologies, Ethernet included,
> but is not Ethernet.
>
> >
> > In Ethernet networks, hosts are connected by wires or by
> > optic fibre to a switch (bridge), a bus (e.g. co-axial
> > cable), a repeater (hub), or directly to another ethernet
> > device.  Interfaces are symmetric, in that while many
> > different physical laters may be present, medium access
> > control is uniform for all devices.
> >
> > In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready
> > for frame transfer, Ethernet specifies its own link
> > monitoring mechanism.
> > This Link Integrity Test operation is used to identify when
> > packets are able to be received on an ethernet segment.
> > It is applicable to both wired and optical physical layers,
> > although details vary between technologies (link pulses in
> > copper, light levels in fibre).
> >
> > Subsection: Link Integrity Tests in 802.3 networks.
> > ---------------------------------------------------
> >
> > The status of the link as determined by the Link Integrity
> > Test is stored in the variable 'link_status'.  Changes to the
> > value of link_status (for example due to Link Integrity Test
> > failure) will generate link indications if the technology
> > dependent interface is implemented on an ethernet device [802.3].
> >
> > The link_status has possible values of FAIL, READY and OK.
> > When an interface is in FAIL state, Link Integrity Tests have failed.
> > Where status is READY, the link segment has passed integrity
> > tests, but autonegotiation has not completed.  OK state
> > indicates that the medium is able to send and receive packets.
> >
> > Upon transition to a particular state the Physical Medium
> > Attachment subsystems generates a
> > PMA_LINK.indicate(link_status).  Indications of OK state may
> > be used as Link-Up indications for DNA.
> > PMA_LINK.indicate(FAIL) may be used as a Link-Down indication
> > reliably by DNA[802.3].
> >
> > Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will
> > be able to be received through the switching infrastructure
> > which composes a broadcast domain, though.  Such operations
> > are governed by bridging.
>
> 'The term switching infrastructure' has no firm definition in standards.
> Beyond this, 'switches' can be deplotyed beyond one single broadcast
> domain. You probably would like to use 'bridging domain' instead.
>
> >
> > Subsection: 802.1d Bridging and its effects on link indications
> > --------------------------------------------------------------
>
> The correct spelling is (IEEE) 802.1D
>
> >
> > Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.
> > Bridging is a mechanism which provides loopless paths across
> > a series of link-segments.
>
> 'Link-segments' is again fuzzy from a standard terminology perspective.
> Maybe 'Briding is a mechanisms which provides loopless paths across LANs
> interconnected by IEEE 802.1D bridges'
>
> >
> > Due to its necessity in preventing bridge loops, bridging has
> > become synonymous with the spanning tree protocol.
> > The spanning tree protocol and its variants provide loopless
> > forwarding between ethernet-like switches within a broadcast domain.
> >
> > The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol Data Unit
> > (BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which
> > switches are connected to others.
>
> Better use 'bridges' rather than 'switches'.
>
> > By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether
> > a particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a
> > bridge loop.
>
> Just 'loop'.
>
> > Therefore it typically blocks all traffic from a port until
> > spanning tree operations can determine if a loop exists.
> >
>
> Better - 'therefore it will block all traffic from and to a newly
> connected ports with the exception of the STP BPDUs. The STP will
> determine is the port can be connected to the network in a loop-free
> environment'.
>
> > For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears
> > available, no forwarding will occur until the network is
> > satisfied that the connected is not another bridge or repeater port.
>
> Better '... Until it is determined that the port can be connected to the
> network in a loop-free environment'.
>
> >
> > No explicit indication that forwarding has begun is sent from
> > a switch to its peer devices.  Therefore, a host may not know
> > when STP operations have completed, and when it is safe to
> > inform upper layers to transmit packets.
> >
> > As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit
> > knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer
> > Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation
> > is immediately available.
> >
> > Where it is not known that forwarding operations are
> > available, a host needs to assume that STP is being
> > performed, and may indicate full connectivity only based on
> > reception of BPDUs or timeouts.
> >
> > Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP,
> > the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
> > parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that
> > general packet transfer is available across the LAN.
>
>
> No need to do this IMO. For its own availability a host knows when a
> local port is transiting into forwarding state. See IEEE 802.1D-1998:
> clause 8.5.5.2 and the dot1dStpPortState in the Bridge MIB (latest
> version
> http://www.ietf.cnri.reston.va.us/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-bridge-brid
> gemib-smiv2-10.txt to be published as a proposed standard any time now).
>
> >
> > If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
> > default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is unlikely
> > that the peer device is a bridge, since at least two BPDU
> > hello messages have been lost.
> > Upon this timeout, a host may (re)-send a link-layer
> > indication showing that packets sent within the prior
> > interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path.
> >
> > If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original
> > Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send
> > packets until at
> > least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired twice.   This timeout
> > defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds) [802.1d].  After this
> > time, the host can send a link-layer up indication showing
> > that the previous interval after the PMA_LINK.indicate(OK)
> > event was one of loss.
> >
> > If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree
> > Protocol (RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet
> > reception (advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
> > For ports which are known to be point-to-point through
> > autonegotiation, this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after
> > autonegotiation completes [802.1d].
> > After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
> > PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between
> > indications was a lossy interval.
>
> What is the bridge port is disabled by a management command? See IEEE
> 802.1D-1998: clause 8.5.5.2, and the dot1dStpPortEnable object in the
> Bridge MIB.
>
> >
> >
> > Subsection: 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol.
> > -------------------------------------------------
> >
> > The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol
> > (LLDP) provides information to directly connected devices
> > about its MAC peer[802.1AB].
> >
> > LLDP sends information periodically, and at link status
> > change time to indicate the configuration parameters of the device.
> > Devices may either send or receive these messages, or both.
> >
> > The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which
> > describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is
> > currently using.
> > Where a host receives the Systems Capabilities TLV which
> > indicate that no Bridging or Repeating is occurring on the
> > link-layer peer, then no delays for STP calculation will be
> > applied to packets sent from this host.  This would allow an
> > authoritative link-layer indication to be sent to
> > upper-layers about the availability of packet transfer.
>
> This does not look right. The IEEE 802.1AB system capabilities reflects
> only what capabilities are enabled on the remote host (see Section
> 9.5.8.1 in the IEEE 802.1AB specification). The fact that a bridge for
> example is connected at the other end does not mean that the port of the
> bridge is enabled, or that spanning tree allows data packet transfer.
>
> >
> > Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV
> > which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the
> > host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only,
> > may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately
> > allow forwarding.
> >
> > Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding
> > is already available on such a port.  Discussions of such
> > optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.
> >
> > Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is
> > unclear how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4
> > or IPv6 networks.
> >
> >
> > Summary
> > -------
> >
> > Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are
> > complicated by additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning
> > Tree calculations.
> > This may cause re-indication or retraction of indications
> > previously sent to upper layer protocols.
> >
> >
> > Greg
> >
> >



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun  6 14:43:47 2005
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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 14:42:13 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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Jim -

>>A router MAY, however, advertise a
>>   combination of certified and uncertified subnet prefixes.
>>   Uncertified subnet prefixes are treated as unsecured (i.e., processed
>>   in the same way as unsecured router advertisements sent by non-SEND
>>   routers).  The processing of unsecured messages is specified in
>>   Section 8.  Note that SEND nodes that do not attempt to interoperate
>>   with non-SEND nodes MAY simply discard the unsecured information.
>>    
>>
>Note that this does not imply that the router advertisement should be
>considered insecure, just the uncertified prefix. If the advertisement has a
>signature verifiable with the router's certified public key, then the router
>is trustworthy.
>  
>
I understand.

Do you think we need to say 'the prefixes in the DNAO SHOULD NOT be
verified against the prefixes listed in the certificate' in DNAv6?

- Sathya


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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 14:51:06 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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Jim -

>Out implementation doesn't work that way. It just uses the prefixes in the
>certificate to check whether the prefixes are certified or not, and drops
>those that are uncertified if the host is configured to do so. It doesn't
>uses the certification to determine what addresses to send to what router
>since, as Erik says, that is not in the RFC 2461 conceptual model.
>  
>
In another email, you say ' That was the intent, a certified prefix
means the router is authorized to route the prefix as advertised.'

So, are you saying your implementation doesn't follow this 'intent'?

Either way, are the 2461 conceptual model and this 'intent' in conflict
with each other?

Sathya

>            jak
>
>----- Original Message ----- 
>From: "Erik Nordmark" <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
>To: <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
>Cc: "Sathya Narayanan" <sathya@research.panasonic.com>; "Dna"
><dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
>Sent: Friday, June 03, 2005 10:44 AM
>Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
>
>
>  
>
>>Greg Daley wrote:
>>
>>    
>>
>>>The issue in SEND is essentially that in some circumstances we want to
>>>guarantee that a router is actually delegated authority to route for
>>>that prefix.   This is in the Certificate, not the PIO.
>>>
>>>I'd guess that the origin of the prefix doesn't matter (which RA the
>>>PIO arrives in), although the certificate would indicate that only
>>>those prefixes which are similarly authorized should be used as next
>>>hops for packets with that source address.
>>>      
>>>
>>Is this something which has been implemented in the host SEND
>>implementations? I can see it being quite hard since it fits neither the
>>BSD-style code, nor the RFC 2461 conceptual model of a host.
>>
>>    Erik
>>
>>    
>>
>
>
>  
>



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Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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> >Out implementation doesn't work that way. It just uses the prefixes in
the
> >certificate to check whether the prefixes are certified or not, and drops
> >those that are uncertified if the host is configured to do so. It doesn't
> >uses the certification to determine what addresses to send to what router
> >since, as Erik says, that is not in the RFC 2461 conceptual model.
> >
> >
> In another email, you say ' That was the intent, a certified prefix
> means the router is authorized to route the prefix as advertised.'
>
> So, are you saying your implementation doesn't follow this 'intent'?
>
> Either way, are the 2461 conceptual model and this 'intent' in conflict
> with each other?
>

No, the implementation checks the prefix against the cert (if the cert has
an attribute with prefixes) when the RA is received. That's what I meant by
"router is authorized to route the prefix as advertised". But then the
prefix is put onto the merged prefix list if it passes, as RFC 2461 intends.
The cert is not used to make any routing decisions.

So I don't think the 2461 conceptual model is in conflict.

            jak




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun  6 15:25:37 2005
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Subject: Re: [DNA] Route vs Advertise
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> >Note that this does not imply that the router advertisement should be
> >considered insecure, just the uncertified prefix. If the advertisement
has a
> >signature verifiable with the router's certified public key, then the
router
> >is trustworthy.
> >
> >
> I understand.
>
> Do you think we need to say 'the prefixes in the DNAO SHOULD NOT be
> verified against the prefixes listed in the certificate' in DNAv6?
>

AFIKT, the DNAO is really only useful in multicast RAs. If the RA is
unicast, then the "yes" or "no" bit will be enough to tell the host whether
or not it is on or off link, the host cannot use the DNAO to configure the
address, and it need not use the prefixes in the DNAO to tell whether it is
on or off link because the router does that directly through the "yes/no"
bit. (BTW, why again is the DNAO required in unicast RAs if the host isn't
on link?)

So the host will make its on or off link decision based on the DNAO if it
gets a multicast RA. As long as the RA is covered by a signature, the host
knows that it wasn't modified in transit, that is, that it came from a
router possessing the private key matching the certified public key. Now, it
is possible that the router may be compromised and the attacker may try to
convince the host that it is on or off link when it isn't by sending out a
collection of bogus DNAO prefixes. If we want to exclude this possibility,
then we should require the DNAO prefixes to be compared against those in the
certificate as well. But since the host doesn't use these for address
configuration or routing, there should be no possibility that the host is
convinced to route through a bogus router (though if the router sending the
RA is compromised, it can, of course, make trouble for packets that are
routed through it even if the host selects a certified prefix).

That is a somewhat longwinded way of saying that SHOULD NOT is probably OK.

            jak




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Date: Tue, 07 Jun 2005 09:59:55 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet section for
 comment
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To: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
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Hi Dan,

Romascanu, Dan (Dan) wrote:
> Greg,
> 
> I am the chair of the Ethernet MIB WG and co-chair of the Bridge MIB WG.
> 
> 
> I do have experience with link state information in Ethernet and IEEE
> 802.1 bridges. I will read the proposed text and provide my individual
> opinion. 
> 
> I would recommend that you submit this text for review to the Ethernet
> MIB WG list (hubmib@ietf.org) and to the Bridge MIB WG list
> (bridge-mib@ietf.org) so that more experts have a look at the text. I
> can also forward this mail to these lists and ask for opinions to be fed
> back into the dna list. 


Thanks for this.

We know there's a need to cover these technologies in the
document (which is why it has been attempted), but real
expertise would certainly help.

Greg


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Date: Mon, 06 Jun 2005 18:07:22 -0700
From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNAO format revision?
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variant 1. prefixes have always been 128 bit fields, atleast,
in whatever IETF IPv6 specs I have worked with.

Vijay

Greg Daley wrote:
> Hi DNA,
> 
> I've been talking to Erik and most of my questions regarding
> the DNA proposal have been answered.
> 
> What I'd like to do now is to ask questions about message
> formats and text, in a way which reinforces the hard work
> undertaken by the DT.
> 
> 
> Here's Q number 1:
> 
> Is there a DNA option format which we can agree upon which
> preserves Prefix alignment on 8 octet boundaries?
> 
> I guess alignment is desirable to allow consistency with
> earlier specifications 2461, 3810, and potentially allow
> word-size based operations on some hosts.
> 
> At the moment, the option format contains a list of
> sequential 17 octet records.
> 
> With 2 prefixes, the current format is:
> 
>    0                   1                   2                   3
>    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |     Type      |    Length     | Prefix Len 1  |               |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                       Prefix 1                                +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                               +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |                                               | Prefix Len 2  |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                       Prefix 2                                +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |                            Padding (32bits)                   |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Erik has convinced me of the need to support 128 bit
> prefixes in DNA, for future expansion, but it may be
> possible to achieve this while preserving alignment.
> 
> 
> One variant makes use of the ordering of prefixes and
> their lengths but uses two separate lists (one for
> the lengths and one for the prefixes.  Pad is introduced
> at the end of the list of prefix lengths, instead
> of at the end of the option.
> 
> I'll call this Variant #1:
> 
>    0                   1                   2                   3
>    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |     Type      |    Length     | Prefix Len 1  | Prefix Len 2  |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |                       Padding (32bits)                        |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                       Prefix 1                                +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                       Prefix 2                                +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> 
> 
> It's also possible to have differing storage for
> prefixes, so long as it is 8 octet aligned:
> 
> The differing legnths of prefix mean that a number of prefixes
> indication is required a the front of the prefix length list,
> to remove ambiguity (it's not inferred just by the option length).
> 
> I'll call this variant 2:
> 
>    0                   1                   2                   3
>    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |     Type      |    Length     | #  prefixes   | Prefix Len 1  |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   | Prefix Len 2  |            Padding (24 bits)                  |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                       Prefix 1 (128 bits)                     +
>   |                                                               |
>   +                                                               +
>   |                                                               |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>   |                                                               |
>   +                       Prefix 2 (64bits)                       +
>   |                                                               |
>   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> 
> Variant 1 (along with the current option format) has
> the advantage that records are constant length, and that
> the prefix lengths don't have to be read in order to
> locate any particular prefix.
> 
> Variant 2 has the advantage that if the prefix length is
> less than or equal to 64 (today's common case), the
> storage used is only 8 bytes.  A host would have to read
> the list of prefix lengths in order to parse the prefixes though.
> 
> Does anyone have an opinion as to whether a change to the
> DNA option would be good or not?
> 
> Please respond indicating if you like any of the
> existing proposals (Current, Variant 1 or Variant 2),
> or prefer something different.
> 
> Greg
> 




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun  6 22:43:50 2005
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Date: Tue, 07 Jun 2005 12:42:32 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet section for
 comment
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To: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
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        dbharrington@comcast.net
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Hi Dan,

Thanks for this.

Romascanu, Dan (Dan) wrote:
> Please see comments to this section below. As I said in my previous
> mail, it would be good to run this text with the Ethernet Interfaces MIB
> and Bridge MIB lists. 

I've just subscribed to the lists,
so I'll send the text to them, with suggested
amendments marked.

Below I've ACK'ed or asked questions about your comments.

Sorry about the length of the message, but I've tried to keep
sufficient context to allow discussion of alternate variants of
text.

Any further feedback you can provide would be appreciated.

Greg

> The co-chair of the Bridge MIB is also copied. 
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Dan
> 
> 
> 
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au 
>>[mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of Greg Daley
>>Sent: Monday, June 06, 2005 10:06 AM
>>To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au; Alper Yegin
>>Subject: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet 
>>section for comment
>>
>>Dear Alper and WG,
>>
>>Here is an update of the text provided before last IETF for 
>>Ethernet in the link-information document.
>>
>>I'm not sure how useful the recommendations are to people, 
>>and apparently there was some difficulty even amongst DNA 
>>illuminati in understanding what I was getting at in the last version.
>>
>>So if you have any opinions or experience, please comment 
>>on-list, in order that forward progress can be made.
>>
>>Greg
>>
>>
>>Text follows, potentially to be inserted as a section in the 
>>draft-ietf-dna-link-information.
>>
>>-------------------------------------------------
>>
>>Ethernet is the most commonly deployed Local Area Network 
>>technology in use today.
>>As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical 
>>layer/medium access control (MAC) layer specification 
>>[802.3], and a bridging specification used for connecting 
>>different ethernet LAN segments together [802.1d].
> 
> 
> No - this is not accurate. Ethernet is only IEEE 802.3 technology.
> Bridging technology as defined by IEEE 802.1D and other standards in the
> 802.1 family can run with different MAC technologies, Ethernet included,
> but is not Ethernet. 

I think Tom Petch has a description which could supply replacement
text.

I'll reply to that one separately.

[cut]
>>Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will 
>>be able to be received through the switching infrastructure 
>>which composes a broadcast domain, though.  Such operations 
>>are governed by bridging.
> 
> 
> 'The term switching infrastructure' has no firm definition in standards.
> Beyond this, 'switches' can be deplotyed beyond one single broadcast
> domain. You probably would like to use 'bridging domain' instead. 

Thanks.
That sounds appropriate.

> 
>>Subsection: 802.1d Bridging and its effects on link indications
>>--------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> The correct spelling is (IEEE) 802.1D

Thanks. I'll adopt the proper convention with document names.

>>Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.
>>Bridging is a mechanism which provides loopless paths across 
>>a series of link-segments.
> 
> 
> 'Link-segments' is again fuzzy from a standard terminology perspective.
> Maybe 'Briding is a mechanisms which provides loopless paths across LANs
> interconnected by IEEE 802.1D bridges'

That's good.  Thanks.

[cut]
>>The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol Data Unit
>>(BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which 
>>switches are connected to others.
> 
> 
> Better use 'bridges' rather than 'switches'. 

OK.

>>By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether 
>>a particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a 
>>bridge loop.
> 
> 
> Just 'loop'.

OK.

> 
>>Therefore it typically blocks all traffic from a port until 
>>spanning tree operations can determine if a loop exists.
>>
> 
> 
> Better - 'therefore it will block all traffic from and to a newly
> connected ports with the exception of the STP BPDUs. The STP will
> determine is the port can be connected to the network in a loop-free
> environment'.

I have a question.  Doesn't it allow transmission of other
packets which are LAN only (non-bridged)?

I was trying to allow for 802.1AB LLDP packet arrival.

Perhaps:

"...therefore it will block all traffic from and to a newly
connected ports with the exception of some unbridged management frames.
The STP will determine if the port can be connected to the network in
a loop-free environment."

>>For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears 
>>available, no forwarding will occur until the network is 
>>satisfied that the connected is not another bridge or repeater port.
> 
> 
> Better '... Until it is determined that the port can be connected to the
> network in a loop-free environment'. 

Thanks.

[cut]
>>Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP, 
>>the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
>>parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that 
>>general packet transfer is available across the LAN.
> 
> 
> 
> No need to do this IMO. For its own availability a host knows when a
> local port is transiting into forwarding state. See IEEE 802.1D-1998:
> clause 8.5.5.2 and the dot1dStpPortState in the Bridge MIB (latest
> version
> http://www.ietf.cnri.reston.va.us/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-bridge-brid
> gemib-smiv2-10.txt to be published as a proposed standard any time now).

I guess that what I've been mostly focussed on is the action and
reasoning of an end-host connecting to an ethernet-LAN when the
host doesn't actually run STP itself.

I'd agree that if the host is actually capable of bridging these
rules would apply.

If the host isn't STP capable (for example by not being a bridge)
it won't know what its STP port state is.  It does need to know
if the frames will be dropped by an adjacent bridge.

Would it be useful to state some of these assumptions at the top
of the subsection?


>>If no bridge configuration messages are received within the 
>>default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is unlikely 
>>that the peer device is a bridge, since at least two BPDU 
>>hello messages have been lost.
>>Upon this timeout, a host may (re)-send a link-layer 
>>indication showing that packets sent within the prior 
>>interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path.
>>
>>If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original 
>>Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send 
>>packets until at
>>least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired twice.   This timeout
>>defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds) [802.1d].  After this 
>>time, the host can send a link-layer up indication showing 
>>that the previous interval after the PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) 
>>event was one of loss.
>>
>>If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree 
>>Protocol (RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet 
>>reception (advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
>>For ports which are known to be point-to-point through 
>>autonegotiation, this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after 
>>autonegotiation completes [802.1d].
>>After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
>>PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between 
>>indications was a lossy interval.
> 
> 
> What is the bridge port is disabled by a management command? See IEEE
> 802.1D-1998: clause 8.5.5.2, and the dot1dStpPortEnable object in the
> Bridge MIB.
>

I guess that's a good point. The MAC on either device is actually
enabled, but it's not possible to tell except for the fact that no
packets are forwarded...

How about?:
(replacing the first quoted paragraph above, with three short paras)

"If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is likely that
the peer's port is Disabled for bridging (S8.4.5), or the device
is not a bridge, since at least two BPDU hello messages have been
lost.

It is not easy for a non-STP host to distinguish between
Disabled ports and non-bridge ports with no IP nodes on them,
as Disabled ports will have no traffic on them, and incur
100% sender loss.

Upon this Bridge_Max_Age timeout, a host may (re)-send a
link-layer indication showing that packets sent within the prior
interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path
(unless the port is disabled)."

[cut]
>>
>>The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which 
>>describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is 
>>currently using.
>>Where a host receives the Systems Capabilities TLV which 
>>indicate that no Bridging or Repeating is occurring on the 
>>link-layer peer, then no delays for STP calculation will be 
>>applied to packets sent from this host.  This would allow an 
>>authoritative link-layer indication to be sent to 
>>upper-layers about the availability of packet transfer.
> 
> 
> This does not look right. The IEEE 802.1AB system capabilities reflects
> only what capabilities are enabled on the remote host (see Section
> 9.5.8.1 in the IEEE 802.1AB specification). The fact that a bridge for
> example is connected at the other end does not mean that the port of the
> bridge is enabled, or that spanning tree allows data packet transfer. 

You're right.

If the local host is not STP enabled (as assumed before), and neither
is the other port (at the other end advertises that it isn't a switch
or repeater) then I guess it can be inferred that STP won't be
available on the other end.

If this isn't a valid assumption, we may have to revisit this.

The disabled port issue would be the same as no LLDP, but the fact that
the link-layer device states it is not a bridge, means the issue
of whether packets can get through is not determinable through the
link-layer.

I'd suggest replacing the paragraph you were indicating
with the one below:


"The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which
  describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is
  currently using.
  Where a host receives the Systems Capabilities TLV which
  indicate that no Bridging or Repeating is occurring on the
  link-layer peer, then no delays for STP calculation will be
  applied to packets sent from this host, if does not
  perform STP itself.
  This would allow the host's link-layer to indicate that to its
  knowledge the link is available for packet transfer."

Is this text better?:

Below I'd also add the references to 802.1D discussed in the
previous section:

> 
>>Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV 
>>which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the 
>>host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only, 
>>may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately 
>>allow forwarding.

>>Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding 
>>is already available on such a port.  Discussions of such 
>>optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.

Here is some added text which may clarify fallback to 802.1D
assumptions:

"Where the LLDP indicates that a peer is a switch or a repeater,
  senders of link-layer indications need to assume that the peer is
  dropping frames on the newly connected link in conformance with
  STP[802.1D].  It should therefore adopt the delays as stated in
  (Subsection: 802.1D Bridging...) above."

>>Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is 
>>unclear how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4 
>>or IPv6 networks.
>>
>>
>>Summary
>>-------
>>
>>Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are 
>>complicated by additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning 
>>Tree calculations.
>>This may cause re-indication or retraction of indications 
>>previously sent to upper layer protocols.
>>
>>
>>Greg
>>
> 
> 


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue Jun  7 01:41:36 2005
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Date: Tue, 07 Jun 2005 15:39:55 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Revised text for link-information Ethernet section for
 comment
In-reply-to: <04e001c56aa9$87ae6de0$0601a8c0@pc6>
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Hi,

I've tried to address some of your concerns below.

Please tell me if it's still off-track.

Tom Petch wrote:
> I agree with Dan and would add:
> 
> Properly the technology is IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD (and even that leaves out quite a
> lot of the
> title) and I would like you to introduce it as such, adding something like
> 'commonly referred to as Ethernet'
> 
> If you are going to use Ethernet (as opposed to say CSMA/CD or IEEE 802.3) in
> the rest of the document, then you should add a sentence to that effect (the
> term Ethernet scarcely appears in IEEE 802.3).

That sounds fair enough.

How about the following introduction:

"Section title:   IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD
------------------------------------

IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD (commonly referred to as Ethernet) is the
most commonly deployed Local Area Network technology in use today.
As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical layer/medium
access control (MAC) layer specification[802.3].
In order to provide connection of different LANs together into
a larger network, 802.3 LANs are often bridged together[802.1d].

In this section, the terms 802.3 and Ethernet are used interchangeably.
This section describes some issues in providing link-layer indications
on Ethernet networks, and shows how bridging affects these indications."

Is this more accurate?

> 
> It is wrong to say that all media have Link Integrity Tests eg 10BASE5 (yes, it
> is still in use).

OK...

Perhaps it is worth introducing the concept more explicitly.

"In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready for
  frame transfer, IEEE 802.3 Ethernet specifies its own link
  monitoring mechanism, which is defined for some, but not all
  classes of media.
  Where available, this Link Integrity Test operation is used
  to identify when packets are able to be received on an
  Ethernet segment.  It is applicable to both wired and optical
  physical layers, although details vary between technologies
  (link pulses in twisted pair copper, light levels in fibre)."

Is that a reasonable description of the variation between media?


> The default I see is BPDU Hello every two seconds so within the default 20s,
> more than two will have been lost.  But this paragraph and the following one
> confuse me with references to peer device.  This is broadcast, a degenerate case
> being only two devices, and if there is a bridge anywhere in the topology, then
> I expect to see BPDU every 2s. Spanning Tree will not work without them so not
> seeing them says either no bridges or Spanning Tree has been disabled (does
> happen, used to be common with slow - eg WAN - links)


I guess the peer LAN connected device could be either a bridge, an
end-station (router or host) or a repeater (in which case any other
device becomes visible on the LAN).

I there are bridges anywhere on the LAN, then you would expect
to see Hellos (although, topologies without bridges are valid too).

In section 8.10.2 of 802.1D 1998, (Table 8-3, the Hello timer has a
range of 1.0-10.0 seconds).

Also, there's an inequality:

Bridge_Max_Age >= 2 x (Bridge_Hello_Time + 1.0 seconds)

So I assumed that the inference of at least 2 messages were lost
could be applied.

Should I be more explicit about the maximum timeout?

I'm wondering if explicit statements about what a 'peer' may be,
and which devices are STP participants would help.  How about this?:

"...
For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears
available, no forwarding will occur until it is determined that
the port can be connected to the network in a loop-free
environment.

(new text)
   For host which are providing indications to upper layer protocols,
   even if the host itself does not implement bridging or STP,
   packet delivery across the network can be affected by their
   directly adjacent LAN peer which may be a bridge, or if this is
   a repeater, by the presence of STP bridges upon that LAN.

   Where the host is not running STP itself,
(end new text)
No explicit indication that forwarding has begun is sent from
a switch to its peer devices.  Therefore, a host may not know
when STP operations have completed, and when it is safe to
inform upper layers to transmit packets.
..."

Does this provide sufficient context to help disambiguate the
role of each device, and whether it is running STP?

Thanks for your work on this.

Greg



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue Jun  7 01:51:12 2005
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Date: Tue, 07 Jun 2005 15:50:04 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] (For reference) text with unconfirmed modifications to L2
 indications Ethernet/802.3 section
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Hi DNA WG,

After Tom and Dan's reviews of the 802.3 section
for the link information draft, here's a summary
of the text proposals:

These have not been confirmed on-list, but are placed
here for reference in order that the potential changes
can be all seen together.

Greg


-------------------------------------------------------


Section title:   IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD
------------------------------------

(begin revised)
   IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD (commonly referred to as Ethernet) is the
   most commonly deployed Local Area Network technology in use today.
   As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical layer/medium
   access control (MAC) layer specification[802.3].
   In order to provide connection of different LANs together into
   a larger network, 802.3 LANs are often bridged together[802.1d].

   In this section, the terms 802.3 and Ethernet are used
   interchangeably.  This section describes some issues in providing
   link-layer indications on Ethernet networks, and shows how bridging
   affects these indications.
(end revised)

In Ethernet networks, hosts are connected by wires or by optic fibre
to a switch (bridge), a bus (e.g. co-axial cable), a repeater (hub),
or directly to another ethernet device.  Interfaces are symmetric,
in that while many different physical laters may be present, medium
access control is uniform for all devices.

(begin revised)
   In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready for
   frame transfer, IEEE 802.3 Ethernet specifies its own link
   monitoring mechanism, which is defined for some, but not all
   classes of media.
   Where available, this Link Integrity Test operation is used
   to identify when packets are able to be received on an
   Ethernet segment.  It is applicable to both wired and optical
   physical layers, although details vary between technologies
   (link pulses in twisted pair copper, light levels in fibre).
(end revised)


Subsection: Link Integrity Tests in 802.3 networks.
---------------------------------------------------

The status of the link as determined by the Link Integrity
Test is stored in the variable 'link_status'.  Changes to the
value of link_status (for example due to Link Integrity Test
failure) will generate link indications if the technology
dependent interface is implemented on an ethernet device [802.3].

The link_status has possible values of FAIL, READY and OK.
When an interface is in FAIL state, Link Integrity Tests have failed.
Where status is READY, the link segment has passed integrity
tests, but autonegotiation has not completed.  OK state
indicates that the medium is able to send and receive packets.

Upon transition to a particular state the Physical Medium
Attachment subsystems generates a PMA_LINK.indicate(link_status).
Indications of OK state may be used as Link-Up indications for DNA.
PMA_LINK.indicate(FAIL) may be used as a Link-Down indication
reliably by DNA[802.3].

(begin revised)
   Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will
   be able to be received through the bridge domain, though.  Such
   operations are governed by bridging.
(end revised)


Subsection: IEEE 802.1D Bridging and its effects on link indications
--------------------------------------------------------------

(begin revised)
   Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.  Bridging is a mechanisms
   which provides loopless paths across LANs interconnected by
   IEEE 802.1D bridges.


   Due to its necessity in preventing bridge loops, bridging has
   become synonymous with the spanning tree protocol.
   The spanning tree protocol and its variants provide loopless
   forwarding between ethernet-like bridges within a bridging domain.

   The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol Data Unit
   (BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which
   bridges are connected to others.

   By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether
   a particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a
   loop.

   Therefore it will block all traffic from and to a newly connected
   ports with the exception of some unbridged management frames.
   The STP will determine if the port can be connected to the network in
   a loop-free environment.

   For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears
   available, no forwarding will occur until it is determined that
   the port can be connected to the network in a loop-free
   environment.
(end revised)

(start added context)
   For host which are providing indications to upper layer protocols,
   even if the host itself does not implement bridging or STP,
   packet delivery across the network can be affected by their
   directly adjacent LAN peer which may be a bridge, or if this is
   a repeater, by the presence of STP bridges upon that LAN.
(end added context)

(start revised)
   Where the host is not running STP itself, no explicit indication
   that forwarding has begun is sent from a switch to its peer devices.
   Therefore, a host may not know when STP operations have completed,
   and when it is safe to inform upper layers to transmit packets.
(end revised)

As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit
knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer
Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation
is immediately available.

Where it is not known that forwarding operations are
available, a host needs to assume that STP is being
performed, and may indicate full connectivity only based on
reception of BPDUs or timeouts.

Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP,
the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that
general packet transfer is available across the LAN.

(begin revised)
   If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
   default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is likely that
   the peer's port is Disabled for bridging (S8.4.5 of [802.1D]),
   or the device is not a bridge, since at least two BPDU hello
   messages have been lost.

   It is not easy for a non-STP host to distinguish between
   Disabled ports and non-bridge ports with no IP nodes on them,
   as Disabled ports will have no traffic on them, and incur
   100% sender loss.

   Upon this Bridge_Max_Age timeout, a host may (re)-send a
   link-layer indication showing that packets sent within the prior
   interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path
   (unless the port is disabled).
(end revised)

If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original
Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send
packets until at least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired
twice.   This timeout defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds)
[802.1d].  After this time, the host can send a link-layer up
indication showing that the previous interval after the
PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) event was one of loss.

If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree
Protocol (RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet
reception (advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
For ports which are known to be point-to-point through
autonegotiation, this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after
autonegotiation completes [802.1d].
After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between
indications was a lossy interval.


Subsection: 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol.
-------------------------------------------------

The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol
(LLDP) provides information to directly connected devices
about its MAC peer[802.1AB].

LLDP sends information periodically, and at link status
change time to indicate the configuration parameters of the device.
Devices may either send or receive these messages, or both.

(begin revised)
   The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which
   describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is
   currently using. Where a host receives the
   Systems Capabilities TLV which indicate that no Bridging or
   Repeating is occurring on the link-layer peer, then no delays
   for STP calculation will be applied to packets sent from this
   host, if does not perform STP itself.  This would allow the
   host's link-layer to indicate that to its knowledge the link
   is available for packet transfer.
(end revised)

Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV
which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the
host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only,
may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately
allow forwarding.

Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding
is already available on such a port.  Discussions of such
optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.

Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is
unclear how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4
or IPv6 networks.


Summary
-------

Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are
complicated by additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning
Tree calculations.  This may cause re-indication or retraction
of indications previously sent to upper layer protocols.




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue Jun  7 06:04:08 2005
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Date: Tue, 07 Jun 2005 13:01:33 +0300
From: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] (For reference) text with unconfirmed modifications to L2
 indications Ethernet/802.3 section
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Greg,


One comment:

> As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit 
> knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer 
> Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation 
> is immediately available.
> 

This is not accurate. LLDP may tell you that on the other end of the
link there is a bridge or repeater, but not whether frame forwarding is
immediately available. I suggest to wipe out this paragraph. 

Could you send me a 'clean' version, without editorial brackets to
forward to the Ethernet and Bridge MIB lists for further scrutiny? 

Dan




 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au 
> [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of Greg Daley
> Sent: Tuesday, June 07, 2005 8:50 AM
> To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> Subject: [DNA] (For reference) text with unconfirmed 
> modifications to L2 indications Ethernet/802.3 section
> 
> Hi DNA WG,
> 
> After Tom and Dan's reviews of the 802.3 section for the link 
> information draft, here's a summary of the text proposals:
> 
> These have not been confirmed on-list, but are placed here 
> for reference in order that the potential changes can be all 
> seen together.
> 
> Greg
> 
> 
> -------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> Section title:   IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD
> ------------------------------------
> 
> (begin revised)
>    IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD (commonly referred to as Ethernet) is the
>    most commonly deployed Local Area Network technology in use today.
>    As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical layer/medium
>    access control (MAC) layer specification[802.3].
>    In order to provide connection of different LANs together into
>    a larger network, 802.3 LANs are often bridged together[802.1d].
> 
>    In this section, the terms 802.3 and Ethernet are used
>    interchangeably.  This section describes some issues in providing
>    link-layer indications on Ethernet networks, and shows how bridging
>    affects these indications.
> (end revised)
> 
> In Ethernet networks, hosts are connected by wires or by 
> optic fibre to a switch (bridge), a bus (e.g. co-axial 
> cable), a repeater (hub), or directly to another ethernet 
> device.  Interfaces are symmetric, in that while many 
> different physical laters may be present, medium access 
> control is uniform for all devices.
> 
> (begin revised)
>    In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready for
>    frame transfer, IEEE 802.3 Ethernet specifies its own link
>    monitoring mechanism, which is defined for some, but not all
>    classes of media.
>    Where available, this Link Integrity Test operation is used
>    to identify when packets are able to be received on an
>    Ethernet segment.  It is applicable to both wired and optical
>    physical layers, although details vary between technologies
>    (link pulses in twisted pair copper, light levels in fibre).
> (end revised)
> 
> 
> Subsection: Link Integrity Tests in 802.3 networks.
> ---------------------------------------------------
> 
> The status of the link as determined by the Link Integrity 
> Test is stored in the variable 'link_status'.  Changes to the 
> value of link_status (for example due to Link Integrity Test
> failure) will generate link indications if the technology 
> dependent interface is implemented on an ethernet device [802.3].
> 
> The link_status has possible values of FAIL, READY and OK.
> When an interface is in FAIL state, Link Integrity Tests have failed.
> Where status is READY, the link segment has passed integrity 
> tests, but autonegotiation has not completed.  OK state 
> indicates that the medium is able to send and receive packets.
> 
> Upon transition to a particular state the Physical Medium 
> Attachment subsystems generates a PMA_LINK.indicate(link_status).
> Indications of OK state may be used as Link-Up indications for DNA.
> PMA_LINK.indicate(FAIL) may be used as a Link-Down indication 
> reliably by DNA[802.3].
> 
> (begin revised)
>    Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will
>    be able to be received through the bridge domain, though.  Such
>    operations are governed by bridging.
> (end revised)
> 
> 
> Subsection: IEEE 802.1D Bridging and its effects on link indications
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> (begin revised)
>    Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.  Bridging is a mechanisms
>    which provides loopless paths across LANs interconnected by
>    IEEE 802.1D bridges.
> 
> 
>    Due to its necessity in preventing bridge loops, bridging has
>    become synonymous with the spanning tree protocol.
>    The spanning tree protocol and its variants provide loopless
>    forwarding between ethernet-like bridges within a bridging domain.
> 
>    The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol 
> Data Unit
>    (BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which
>    bridges are connected to others.
> 
>    By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether
>    a particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a
>    loop.
> 
>    Therefore it will block all traffic from and to a newly connected
>    ports with the exception of some unbridged management frames.
>    The STP will determine if the port can be connected to the 
> network in
>    a loop-free environment.
> 
>    For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears
>    available, no forwarding will occur until it is determined that
>    the port can be connected to the network in a loop-free
>    environment.
> (end revised)
> 
> (start added context)
>    For host which are providing indications to upper layer protocols,
>    even if the host itself does not implement bridging or STP,
>    packet delivery across the network can be affected by their
>    directly adjacent LAN peer which may be a bridge, or if this is
>    a repeater, by the presence of STP bridges upon that LAN.
> (end added context)
> 
> (start revised)
>    Where the host is not running STP itself, no explicit indication
>    that forwarding has begun is sent from a switch to its 
> peer devices.
>    Therefore, a host may not know when STP operations have completed,
>    and when it is safe to inform upper layers to transmit packets.
> (end revised)
> 
> As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit 
> knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer 
> Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation 
> is immediately available.
> 
> Where it is not known that forwarding operations are 
> available, a host needs to assume that STP is being 
> performed, and may indicate full connectivity only based on 
> reception of BPDUs or timeouts.
> 
> Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP, 
> the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
> parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that 
> general packet transfer is available across the LAN.
> 
> (begin revised)
>    If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
>    default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is likely that
>    the peer's port is Disabled for bridging (S8.4.5 of [802.1D]),
>    or the device is not a bridge, since at least two BPDU hello
>    messages have been lost.
> 
>    It is not easy for a non-STP host to distinguish between
>    Disabled ports and non-bridge ports with no IP nodes on them,
>    as Disabled ports will have no traffic on them, and incur
>    100% sender loss.
> 
>    Upon this Bridge_Max_Age timeout, a host may (re)-send a
>    link-layer indication showing that packets sent within the prior
>    interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path
>    (unless the port is disabled).
> (end revised)
> 
> If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original 
> Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send 
> packets until at least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired
> twice.   This timeout defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds)
> [802.1d].  After this time, the host can send a link-layer up 
> indication showing that the previous interval after the
> PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) event was one of loss.
> 
> If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree 
> Protocol (RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet 
> reception (advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
> For ports which are known to be point-to-point through 
> autonegotiation, this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after 
> autonegotiation completes [802.1d].
> After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
> PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between 
> indications was a lossy interval.
> 
> 
> Subsection: 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol.
> -------------------------------------------------
> 
> The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol
> (LLDP) provides information to directly connected devices 
> about its MAC peer[802.1AB].
> 
> LLDP sends information periodically, and at link status 
> change time to indicate the configuration parameters of the device.
> Devices may either send or receive these messages, or both.
> 
> (begin revised)
>    The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which
>    describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is
>    currently using. Where a host receives the
>    Systems Capabilities TLV which indicate that no Bridging or
>    Repeating is occurring on the link-layer peer, then no delays
>    for STP calculation will be applied to packets sent from this
>    host, if does not perform STP itself.  This would allow the
>    host's link-layer to indicate that to its knowledge the link
>    is available for packet transfer.
> (end revised)
> 
> Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV 
> which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the 
> host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only, 
> may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately 
> allow forwarding.
> 
> Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding 
> is already available on such a port.  Discussions of such 
> optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.
> 
> Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is 
> unclear how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4 
> or IPv6 networks.
> 
> 
> Summary
> -------
> 
> Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are 
> complicated by additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning 
> Tree calculations.  This may cause re-indication or 
> retraction of indications previously sent to upper layer protocols.
> 
> 
> 


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue Jun  7 15:47:53 2005
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Date: Tue, 07 Jun 2005 20:43:57 +0200
From: Tom Petch <nwnetworks@dial.pipex.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] (For reference) text with unconfirmed modifications to L2
 indications Ethernet/802.3 section
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Some more comments in line.  I do find that my style is somewhat different to
yours, so it may not be helpful to interpose my words directly between yours.

Two semantic concerns, I have not encountered hosts (ie not bridge/switches)
that listen to BDPU to find out what is happening but that may be just my
ignorance; certainly technically feasible and sensible for DNA, but do boxes
actually do it?  You make several references to it.  (By contrast, I do
encounter boxes which listen to routing protocol traffic to find out what is
happening at layer three).

And this peer thingy; I don't get it (except in the case of two boxes directly
connected by one piece of UTP or fibre).  I don't see repeater or bridge as
peer.  Repeater is physically repeating, passive except in so far as it
propagates collisions and participates in Link Integrity.  Bridge is also
(usually) transparent; you don't see it, apart from added delays, until it
decides not to forward, for up to 50s, as part of a topology change (or unless
you listen in to BPDU which, as I said, I only see bridges doing).  I struggle
to see it as peer in any meaningful sense.

Tom Petch

----- Original Message -----
From: "Greg Daley" <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
To: <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Tuesday, June 07, 2005 7:50 AM
Subject: [DNA] (For reference) text with unconfirmed modifications to L2
indications Ethernet/802.3 section

> -------------------------------------------------------
> Section title:   IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD
> ------------------------------------
>
> (begin revised)
>    IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD (commonly referred to as Ethernet) is the
>    most commonly deployed Local Area Network technology in use today.
>    As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical layer/medium
>    access control (MAC) layer specification[802.3].
>    In order to provide connection of different LANs together into
>    a larger network, 802.3 LANs are often bridged together[802.1d].
>
>    In this section, the terms 802.3 and Ethernet are used
>    interchangeably.  This section describes some issues in providing
>    link-layer indications on Ethernet networks, and shows how bridging
>    affects these indications.
> (end revised)
>
> In Ethernet networks, hosts are connected by wires or by optic fibre
> to a switch (bridge), a bus (e.g. co-axial cable), a repeater (hub),
> or directly to another ethernet device.  Interfaces are symmetric,
> in that while many different physical laters may be present, medium
> access control is uniform for all devices.
>
> (begin revised)
>    In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready for
>    frame transfer, IEEE 802.3 Ethernet specifies its own link
>    monitoring mechanism, which is defined for some, but not all
>    classes of media.
>    Where available, this Link Integrity Test operation is used
>    to identify when packets are able to be received on an
>    Ethernet segment.  It is applicable to both wired and optical
>    physical layers, although details vary between technologies
>    (link pulses in twisted pair copper, light levels in fibre).
> (end revised)
>
>
> Subsection: Link Integrity Tests in 802.3 networks.
> ---------------------------------------------------
>
> The status of the link as determined by the Link Integrity
> Test is stored in the variable 'link_status'.  Changes to the
> value of link_status (for example due to Link Integrity Test
> failure) will generate link indications if the technology
> dependent interface is implemented on an ethernet device [802.3].
>
> The link_status has possible values of FAIL, READY and OK.
> When an interface is in FAIL state, Link Integrity Tests have failed.
> Where status is READY, the link segment has passed integrity
> tests, but autonegotiation has not completed.  OK state
> indicates that the medium is able to send and receive packets.
>
> Upon transition to a particular state the Physical Medium
> Attachment subsystems generates a PMA_LINK.indicate(link_status).
> Indications of OK state may be used as Link-Up indications for DNA.
> PMA_LINK.indicate(FAIL) may be used as a Link-Down indication
> reliably by DNA[802.3].
>
> (begin revised)
>    Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will
>    be able to be received through the bridge domain, though.  Such
>    operations are governed by bridging.
> (end revised)
>
>
> Subsection: IEEE 802.1D Bridging and its effects on link indications
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
(suggest this instead of the subsequent three paragraphs)

Ethernet networks commonly  consist of LANs joined together by transparent
bridges (usually implemented as switches).  Tranparent bridges require the
active topology to be loop free.  The
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) achieves this by the exchange of Bridge Protocol
Data Unit (BPDU), as defined in [802.1D], which leads to, where required, the
blocking of ports (ie not forwarding).

> (begin revised)
>    Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.  Bridging is a mechanisms
>    which provides loopless paths across LANs interconnected by
>    IEEE 802.1D bridges.
>
>    Due to its necessity in preventing bridge loops, bridging has
>    become synonymous with the spanning tree protocol.
>    The spanning tree protocol and its variants provide loopless
>    forwarding between ethernet-like bridges within a bridging domain.
>
>    The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol Data Unit
>    (BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which
>    bridges are connected to others.
>
>    By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether
>    a particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a
>    loop.
>
>    Therefore it will block all traffic from and to a newly connected
>    ports with the exception of some unbridged management frames.
>    The STP will determine if the port can be connected to the network in
>    a loop-free environment.
>
>    For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears
>    available, no forwarding will occur until it is determined that
>    the port can be connected to the network in a loop-free
>    environment.
> (end revised)
>
> (start added context)
>    For host which are providing indications to upper layer protocols,
>    even if the host itself does not implement bridging or STP,
>    packet delivery across the network can be affected by their
>    directly adjacent LAN peer which may be a bridge, or if this is
>    a repeater, by the presence of STP bridges upon that LAN.
> (end added context)

(I've still got problems with peer - this could be coax, no LAN peer; and any
bridge anywhere can block packet delivery on a temporary basis as you describe
below; I would say
'Packet delivery across the network can be affected by the presence of bridges'
and leave it at that)
>
> (start revised)
>    Where the host is not running STP itself, no explicit indication
>    that forwarding has begun is sent from a switch to its peer devices.
>    Therefore, a host may not know when STP operations have completed,
>    and when it is safe to inform upper layers to transmit packets.
> (end revised)
>
> As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit
> knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer
> Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation
> is immediately available.
>
> Where it is not known that forwarding operations are
> available, a host needs to assume that STP is being
> performed, and may indicate full connectivity only based on
> reception of BPDUs or timeouts.
>
> Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP,
> the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
> parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that
> general packet transfer is available across the LAN.
>
> (begin revised)
>    If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
>    default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is likely that
>    the peer's port is Disabled for bridging (S8.4.5 of [802.1D]),
>    or the device is not a bridge, since at least two BPDU hello
>    messages have been lost.
>

(suggest)
If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
Bridge_Max_Age interval (default 20s), then it is likely that ...

(but then the reference to peer still confuses me; no BPDU for me means no
bridge in the topology or a failure)

>    the peer's port is Disabled for bridging (S8.4.5 of [802.1D]),
>    or the device is not a bridge, since at least two BPDU hello
>    messages have been lost


>    It is not easy for a non-STP host to distinguish between
>    Disabled ports and non-bridge ports with no IP nodes on them,
>    as Disabled ports will have no traffic on them, and incur
>    100% sender loss.
>
>    Upon this Bridge_Max_Age timeout, a host may (re)-send a
>    link-layer indication showing that packets sent within the prior
>    interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path
>    (unless the port is disabled).
> (end revised)
>
> If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original
> Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send
> packets until at least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired
> twice.   This timeout defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds)
> [802.1d].  After this time, the host can send a link-layer up
> indication showing that the previous interval after the
> PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) event was one of loss.
>
> If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree
> Protocol (RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet
> reception (advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
> For ports which are known to be point-to-point through
> autonegotiation, this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after
> autonegotiation completes [802.1d].
> After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
> PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between
> indications was a lossy interval.
>
>
> Subsection: 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol.
> -------------------------------------------------
>
> The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol
> (LLDP) provides information to directly connected devices
> about its MAC peer[802.1AB].
>
> LLDP sends information periodically, and at link status
> change time to indicate the configuration parameters of the device.
> Devices may either send or receive these messages, or both.
>
> (begin revised)
>    The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which
>    describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is
>    currently using. Where a host receives the
>    Systems Capabilities TLV which indicate that no Bridging or
>    Repeating is occurring on the link-layer peer, then no delays
>    for STP calculation will be applied to packets sent from this
>    host, if does not perform STP itself.  This would allow the
>    host's link-layer to indicate that to its knowledge the link
>    is available for packet transfer.
> (end revised)
>
> Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV
> which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the
> host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only,
> may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately
> allow forwarding.
>
> Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding
> is already available on such a port.  Discussions of such
> optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.
>
> Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is
> unclear how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4
> or IPv6 networks.
>
>
> Summary
> -------
>
> Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are
> complicated by additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning
> Tree calculations.  This may cause re-indication or retraction
> of indications previously sent to upper layer protocols.
>
>



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue Jun  7 18:54:31 2005
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Date: Wed, 08 Jun 2005 08:53:20 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] (For reference) text with unconfirmed modifications to L2
 indications Ethernet/802.3 section
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Hi Dan,

I'll take your suggestion.

There's a little iteration to be done from Tom's guidance,
but I'm agreeing with his text suggestions, so I'll send
the text which has been merged.

Greg

Romascanu, Dan (Dan) wrote:
> Greg,
> 
> 
> One comment:
> 
> 
>>As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit 
>>knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer 
>>Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation 
>>is immediately available.
>>
> 
> 
> This is not accurate. LLDP may tell you that on the other end of the
> link there is a bridge or repeater, but not whether frame forwarding is
> immediately available. I suggest to wipe out this paragraph. 
> 
> Could you send me a 'clean' version, without editorial brackets to
> forward to the Ethernet and Bridge MIB lists for further scrutiny? 
> 
> Dan
> 
> 
> 
> 
>  
> 
> 
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au 
>>[mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of Greg Daley
>>Sent: Tuesday, June 07, 2005 8:50 AM
>>To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au
>>Subject: [DNA] (For reference) text with unconfirmed 
>>modifications to L2 indications Ethernet/802.3 section
>>
>>Hi DNA WG,
>>
>>After Tom and Dan's reviews of the 802.3 section for the link 
>>information draft, here's a summary of the text proposals:
>>
>>These have not been confirmed on-list, but are placed here 
>>for reference in order that the potential changes can be all 
>>seen together.
>>
>>Greg
>>
>>
>>-------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>
>>Section title:   IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD
>>------------------------------------
>>
>>(begin revised)
>>   IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD (commonly referred to as Ethernet) is the
>>   most commonly deployed Local Area Network technology in use today.
>>   As deployed today, it is specified by both a physical layer/medium
>>   access control (MAC) layer specification[802.3].
>>   In order to provide connection of different LANs together into
>>   a larger network, 802.3 LANs are often bridged together[802.1d].
>>
>>   In this section, the terms 802.3 and Ethernet are used
>>   interchangeably.  This section describes some issues in providing
>>   link-layer indications on Ethernet networks, and shows how bridging
>>   affects these indications.
>>(end revised)
>>
>>In Ethernet networks, hosts are connected by wires or by 
>>optic fibre to a switch (bridge), a bus (e.g. co-axial 
>>cable), a repeater (hub), or directly to another ethernet 
>>device.  Interfaces are symmetric, in that while many 
>>different physical laters may be present, medium access 
>>control is uniform for all devices.
>>
>>(begin revised)
>>   In order to determine whether the physical medium is ready for
>>   frame transfer, IEEE 802.3 Ethernet specifies its own link
>>   monitoring mechanism, which is defined for some, but not all
>>   classes of media.
>>   Where available, this Link Integrity Test operation is used
>>   to identify when packets are able to be received on an
>>   Ethernet segment.  It is applicable to both wired and optical
>>   physical layers, although details vary between technologies
>>   (link pulses in twisted pair copper, light levels in fibre).
>>(end revised)
>>
>>
>>Subsection: Link Integrity Tests in 802.3 networks.
>>---------------------------------------------------
>>
>>The status of the link as determined by the Link Integrity 
>>Test is stored in the variable 'link_status'.  Changes to the 
>>value of link_status (for example due to Link Integrity Test
>>failure) will generate link indications if the technology 
>>dependent interface is implemented on an ethernet device [802.3].
>>
>>The link_status has possible values of FAIL, READY and OK.
>>When an interface is in FAIL state, Link Integrity Tests have failed.
>>Where status is READY, the link segment has passed integrity 
>>tests, but autonegotiation has not completed.  OK state 
>>indicates that the medium is able to send and receive packets.
>>
>>Upon transition to a particular state the Physical Medium 
>>Attachment subsystems generates a PMA_LINK.indicate(link_status).
>>Indications of OK state may be used as Link-Up indications for DNA.
>>PMA_LINK.indicate(FAIL) may be used as a Link-Down indication 
>>reliably by DNA[802.3].
>>
>>(begin revised)
>>   Such indications do not definitively ensure that packets will
>>   be able to be received through the bridge domain, though.  Such
>>   operations are governed by bridging.
>>(end revised)
>>
>>
>>Subsection: IEEE 802.1D Bridging and its effects on link indications
>>--------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>(begin revised)
>>   Ethernet networks are commonly bridged.  Bridging is a mechanisms
>>   which provides loopless paths across LANs interconnected by
>>   IEEE 802.1D bridges.
>>
>>
>>   Due to its necessity in preventing bridge loops, bridging has
>>   become synonymous with the spanning tree protocol.
>>   The spanning tree protocol and its variants provide loopless
>>   forwarding between ethernet-like bridges within a bridging domain.
>>
>>   The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) exchanges Bridge Protocol 
>>Data Unit
>>   (BPDU) frames in order to pass information about which
>>   bridges are connected to others.
>>
>>   By default, the spanning tree protocol does not know whether
>>   a particular newly connected piece of ethernet will cause a
>>   loop.
>>
>>   Therefore it will block all traffic from and to a newly connected
>>   ports with the exception of some unbridged management frames.
>>   The STP will determine if the port can be connected to the 
>>network in
>>   a loop-free environment.
>>
>>   For these technologies, even though the link-layer appears
>>   available, no forwarding will occur until it is determined that
>>   the port can be connected to the network in a loop-free
>>   environment.
>>(end revised)
>>
>>(start added context)
>>   For host which are providing indications to upper layer protocols,
>>   even if the host itself does not implement bridging or STP,
>>   packet delivery across the network can be affected by their
>>   directly adjacent LAN peer which may be a bridge, or if this is
>>   a repeater, by the presence of STP bridges upon that LAN.
>>(end added context)
>>
>>(start revised)
>>   Where the host is not running STP itself, no explicit indication
>>   that forwarding has begun is sent from a switch to its 
>>peer devices.
>>   Therefore, a host may not know when STP operations have completed,
>>   and when it is safe to inform upper layers to transmit packets.
>>(end revised)
>>
>>As described in (Subsection on 802.1AB LLDP) explicit 
>>knowledge may be available through the new Link-Layer 
>>Discovery Protocol as to whether frame forwarding operation 
>>is immediately available.
>>
>>Where it is not known that forwarding operations are 
>>available, a host needs to assume that STP is being 
>>performed, and may indicate full connectivity only based on 
>>reception of BPDUs or timeouts.
>>
>>Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP, 
>>the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
>>parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that 
>>general packet transfer is available across the LAN.
>>
>>(begin revised)
>>   If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
>>   default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is likely that
>>   the peer's port is Disabled for bridging (S8.4.5 of [802.1D]),
>>   or the device is not a bridge, since at least two BPDU hello
>>   messages have been lost.
>>
>>   It is not easy for a non-STP host to distinguish between
>>   Disabled ports and non-bridge ports with no IP nodes on them,
>>   as Disabled ports will have no traffic on them, and incur
>>   100% sender loss.
>>
>>   Upon this Bridge_Max_Age timeout, a host may (re)-send a
>>   link-layer indication showing that packets sent within the prior
>>   interval were likely to have traversed the forwarding path
>>   (unless the port is disabled).
>>(end revised)
>>
>>If a BPDU is received, and the peer is running the original 
>>Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send 
>>packets until at least the peer's ForwardDelay timer has expired
>>twice.   This timeout defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds)
>>[802.1d].  After this time, the host can send a link-layer up 
>>indication showing that the previous interval after the
>>PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) event was one of loss.
>>
>>If the switch is identified as performing Rapid Spanning Tree 
>>Protocol (RSTP), it instead waits Bridge_Max_Age after packet 
>>reception (advertised in the BPDU's Max Age field), before forwarding.
>>For ports which are known to be point-to-point through 
>>autonegotiation, this delay is abbreviated to 3 seconds after 
>>autonegotiation completes [802.1d].
>>After either of these delays, a link-layer indication updating the
>>PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) can show that the interval between 
>>indications was a lossy interval.
>>
>>
>>Subsection: 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol.
>>-------------------------------------------------
>>
>>The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol
>>(LLDP) provides information to directly connected devices 
>>about its MAC peer[802.1AB].
>>
>>LLDP sends information periodically, and at link status 
>>change time to indicate the configuration parameters of the device.
>>Devices may either send or receive these messages, or both.
>>
>>(begin revised)
>>   The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which
>>   describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is
>>   currently using. Where a host receives the
>>   Systems Capabilities TLV which indicate that no Bridging or
>>   Repeating is occurring on the link-layer peer, then no delays
>>   for STP calculation will be applied to packets sent from this
>>   host, if does not perform STP itself.  This would allow the
>>   host's link-layer to indicate that to its knowledge the link
>>   is available for packet transfer.
>>(end revised)
>>
>>Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV 
>>which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the 
>>host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only, 
>>may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately 
>>allow forwarding.
>>
>>Proprietary extensions may also indicate that data forwarding 
>>is already available on such a port.  Discussions of such 
>>optimizations is out-of-scope for this document.
>>
>>Due to the protocol's newness and lack of deployment, it is 
>>unclear how this protocol will eventually affect DNA in IPv4 
>>or IPv6 networks.
>>
>>
>>Summary
>>-------
>>
>>Link-Layer indications in Ethernet-like networks are 
>>complicated by additional unadvertised delays due to Spanning 
>>Tree calculations.  This may cause re-indication or 
>>retraction of indications previously sent to upper layer protocols.
>>
>>
> 
> 


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Date: Wed, 08 Jun 2005 11:13:58 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] (For reference) text with unconfirmed modifications to L2
 indications Ethernet/802.3 section
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Hi Tom,

Tom Petch wrote:
> Some more comments in line.  I do find that my style is somewhat different to
> yours, so it may not be helpful to interpose my words directly between yours.

I've done that.  Thanks for the text.

> Two semantic concerns, I have not encountered hosts (ie not bridge/switches)
> that listen to BDPU to find out what is happening but that may be just my
> ignorance; certainly technically feasible and sensible for DNA, but do boxes
> actually do it?  You make several references to it.  (By contrast, I do
> encounter boxes which listen to routing protocol traffic to find out what is
> happening at layer three).

I think that what is not expressed properly is that devices which can't
inspect BPDU frames need to either:

a) Accept that up to 50 s of packets can be lost if they transmit
    immediately upon link arrival

b) Accept an induced delay of up to 50s (but probably 30s) before
    transmission of packets.

This has to be indicated to upper layer protocols.

The inspection of BPDU frames would have to be an optimization.

Here's my text proposal:

"...
   Where it is not known that forwarding operations are
   available, a host needs to assume that STP is being
   performed, and may indicate full connectivity only based on
   timeouts or reception of BPDUs.

(added)
   Most hosts today do not listen to BPDU frames.  For these hosts,
   connectivity to the a port which is potentially bridged (any
   Ethernet port) carries the potential of frame loss if transmissions
   occur before any bridges' ForwardDelay timers have expired twice.
   This timeout defaults to 30 seconds (2 * 15 seconds), but may be
   as high as 60s[802.1d].  When sending indications to upper
   layers, the period where frame forwarding is potentially unavailable
   should be indicated to upper-layer protocols.

   Alternatively, a host can listen for BPDUs and use them to
   determine the length of port blockage which will occur in their
   particular circumstances.
(end added)

   Upon learning that an adjacent port is running STP or RSTP,
   the host may send a Link-Up indication with a 'forwarding available'
   parameter upon expiry of calculated delays to indicate that
   general packet transfer is available across the LAN.
..."

This brings forward discussion of Forward Delay parameters
Which means that the same gets removed from a later paragraph.

"...
  If a BPDU is received, and the adjacent switch is running the original
   Spanning Tree Protocol, then host cannot successfully send
   packets until at least twice the ForwardDelay value in the received
   BPDU has elapsed.  After this time, the host can send a link-layer up
   indication showing that the previous interval after the
   PMA_LINK.indicate(OK) event was one of loss.
..."


> And this peer thingy; I don't get it (except in the case of two boxes directly
> connected by one piece of UTP or fibre).  I don't see repeater or bridge as
> peer.  Repeater is physically repeating, passive except in so far as it
> propagates collisions and participates in Link Integrity.  Bridge is also
> (usually) transparent; you don't see it, apart from added delays, until it
> decides not to forward, for up to 50s, as part of a topology change (or unless
> you listen in to BPDU which, as I said, I only see bridges doing).  I struggle
> to see it as peer in any meaningful sense.

You're right about the peers.  They're misleading.  Any bridge on
the path between a host and its destination will block frames.

In addition to your suggestions, I've removed the references to
peers with the following two paragraphs.

------------
Replace:

"...
   Where the host is not running STP itself, no explicit indication
   that forwarding has begun is sent from a switch to its peer devices.
   Therefore, a host may not know when STP operations have completed,
   and when it is safe to inform upper layers to transmit packets.
..."


With:

"...
   Where the host is not running STP itself, no explicit indication
   that forwarding has begun is sent from a switch.
   Therefore, a host may not know when STP operations have completed,
   and when it is safe to inform upper layers to transmit packets.
..."

-----------
Replace:
"...
   If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
   default Bridge_Max_Age interval (20s), then it is likely that
   the peer's port is Disabled for bridging (S8.4.5 of [802.1D]),
   or the device is not a bridge, since at least two BPDU hello
   messages have been lost.
..."

With:

"...
   If no bridge configuration messages are received within the
   Bridge_Max_Age interval (default 20s), then it is likely that
   there is no visible bridge whose port is enabled for bridging
   (S8.4.5 of [802.1D]), since at least two BPDU hello messages would
   have been lost.
..."

-----------
Replace:

"...
   The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol
   (LLDP) provides information to directly connected devices
   about its MAC peer[802.1AB].
..."

With:

"...
   The recently defined 802.1AB Link-Layer Discovery Protocol
   (LLDP) provides information to devices which are directly
   adjacent to them on the local LAN[802.1AB].
..."

-----------

Replace:

"...
   The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which
   describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is
   currently using. Where a host receives the
   Systems Capabilities TLV which indicate that no Bridging or
   Repeating is occurring on the link-layer peer, then no delays
   for STP calculation will be applied to packets sent from this
   host, if does not perform STP itself.  This would allow the
   host's link-layer to indicate that to its knowledge the link
   is available for packet transfer.
..."

With:

"...
   The LLDP message may a System Capabilities TLV, which
   describes the MAC and IP layer functions which a device is
   currently using. Where a host receives the
   Systems Capabilities TLV which indicate that no Bridging or
   Repeating is occurring on the LLDP transmitter, then no delays
   for STP calculation will be applied to packets sent through this
   transmitter, if the host does not perform STP itself.  This
   would allow the host's link-layer to indicate that to its
   knowledge the link is available for packet transfer.
..."

---------

Replace:

"...
   Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV
   which indicates that the peer is a switch or repeater, the
   host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only,
   may tell the peer switch not to run STP, and immediately
   allow forwarding.
..."

With:
"...
   Additionally, if a host receives a Systems Capabilities TLV
   which indicates that the LLDP transmitter is a switch,
   the host's advertisement that it is an (end-host) Station-Only,
   may tell the switch not to run STP, and immediately
   allow forwarding.
..."

----------

I'll send a completed revision off-list.

Thanks once again for your input.


Greg.


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue Jun  7 22:33:57 2005
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Date: Wed, 08 Jun 2005 12:32:17 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Reminder about topics of messages for DNA WG.
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Dear WG,

I'm reminding people that this list is for the purposes
of Detecting Network Attachment standardization, and its
related technologies.

As such, BCP 94 (RFC 3934) regarding management of
mailing lists is in force.

If you have not read this document, please do so.

I encourage people to focus discussion on development
of DNA solutions and documents in their e-mails.

Yours Faithfully,

Greg Daley


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Date: Wed, 08 Jun 2005 18:03:45 -0700 (PDT)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Subject: [DNA] Link-layer notifications in the presence of RSTP (802.1/802.3)
 (fwd)
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Here are some comments by Mick Seaman of IEEE 802.1.

>From: Mick Seaman <mick_seaman@ieee.org>
>Reply-To: mick_seaman@ieee.org
>To: STDS-802-1-L@listserv.ieee.org
>Subject: [802.1] Link-layer notifications in the presence of RSTP
>(802.1/802.3)
>Date: Wed, 8 Jun 2005 16:03:43 -0700
>
>Paul Congdon notified the 802.1 email list of the existence of
>
>http://webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au/~warchive/dna/2005-06/msg00088.html
>
>which discusses link up/down for 802.3/802.1 networks.
>
>Here are a few thoughts/information points on the subject:
>
>When a 802.3 link (LAN) comes up and at least one of the attached stations
>is a bridge (port) running RSTP, with the other being another bridge
>running
>RSTP or an end station,  then the following cases will determine the delay
>to, and knowledge of "link up" (i.e. bridge port state Forwarding, to be
>specific).
>
>A. The LAN is point-to-point (as per auto negotiation or forced by
>management - adminPointToPointMAC in a Bridge), or shared media
>
>B. The setting of the RSTP AdminEdge and AutoEdge RSTP parameters, which
>the
>RSTP state machines use to determine  operEdge i.e. am I connected to
>another bridge?
>
>Leaving shared media on one side at the moment, as being of minority
>interest currently, and just looking at point to point, scenarios include:
>
>PP1: Point to point, RSTP bridge to end station, with bridge with AdminEdge
>TRUE:
>
>     Bridge brings link up immediately.
>
>PP2: Point to point, RSTP bridge to end station, with bridge with AdminEdge
>FALSE and AutoEdge TRUE:
>
>     Bridge brings link up after 3 seconds approx.
>
>PP3: Point to point, RSTP Bridge to RSTP Bridge. AdminEdge and AutoEdge
>both
>don't care.
>
>     Both bridges will bring link up after 0-2 seconds, as the RSTP
>Proposal
>Agreement handshake will work in that time.
>
>PP4: Point to point, end station to end station.
>
>     End stations can assume link up after 3 seconds, if no better
>knowledge
>is available.
>
>The following are potentially useful end station behaviors in the short
>term, not specified in 802.1D because that doesn't specify end station
>behavior.
>
>ES1: Receive BPDUs. If none are received with 3 seconds, then assume link
>is
>up. That will deal with legacy STP Bridges. If an RSTP BPDU is received
>then
>declare link up if and only if the Forwarding flag in the BPDU is set, that
>allows bridges with AdminEdge TRUE to be autodetected by the end station.
>If
>an STP BPDU is received wait the requisite long time to bring the link up.
>
>ES2: Send RSTP BPDUs with lowest priority and the Agreement flag set, that
>should cause the/any RSTP Bridge to bring the link up - which can be
>detected by the end station as per ES1. (This is probably not the right
>long
>term behavior).
>
>ES3: Use .1AB to advertise "I am not a bridge". This would couple with
>bridge behavior.
>
>The following is potentially useful bridge behavior:
>
>BR1: Use receipt of a .1AB "I am not a bridge" message to autoset
>AdminEdge,
>or directly to nudge the RSTP state machine in the same way. Taken as a
>package ES3, BR1, and ES1 do well.
>
>A longer term view of link-up/down should take into account the probability
>of Port-based Network Access Control being used to regulate end station
>access to the network. This requires a much better focus on what is really
>meant by "link up" -- "up" from whose point of view and to do what? The
>preferred placement of .1AB and RSTP is above MAC Security. If the security
>framework returns authentication and authorization attributes, possibly as
>Radius attributes to a bridge port functioning as the network access port,
>then both an RSTP capable bridge and an end station newly attached to a
>bridge port should be able to unambiguously answer the questions "am I
>attached to a bridge/am I attached to a station that I will allow to
>operate
>as a bridge?". The bridge port can come "up" as soon as soon as it knows
>that it is attached to an end station, which should be just as .1AB and
>RSTP
>are about to run. Behavior ES1 may still be useful to mark the exact start
>of link up, though ideally the completion of the distribution of session
>keys would mark "link up" except in those cases where further active human
>intervention would be required.
>
>Mick
>
>IEEE 802.1 list info: http://www.ieee802.org/1/email-pages/hngih305.html



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Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2005 10:43:32 +0900
From: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
Subject: [DNA] [New I-D] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
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fyi. 

All commnets are highly welcome.

Regards,
---------------------------------------------
Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics.
    

> -----Original Message-----
> From: i-d-announce-bounces@ietf.org 
> [mailto:i-d-announce-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of 
> Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> Sent: Saturday, June 11, 2005 4:37 AM
> To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
> Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> 
> 
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line 
> Internet-Drafts directories.
> 
> 
> 	Title		: IPv6 Fast Neighbor Discovery Option
> 	Author(s)	: S. Park
> 	Filename	: draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> 	Pages		: 0
> 	Date		: 2005-6-10
> 	
> To minimize router delay in response to Router Solicitation message,
>    several scheme are being discussed in IETF.  This document 
> suggests a
>    new Neighbor Discovery option which is included in Router
>    Solicitation and/or Router Advertisement messages to achieve fast
>    network attachment.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt

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From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Sun Jun 12 21:04:00 2005
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Date: Mon, 13 Jun 2005 11:02:09 +1000
From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [New I-D] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
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Hello Daniel,

I read through your draft and have a question.  In the introduction, you
recognise that the reason for the RA random delay in RFC 2461 is to
prevent simultaneous responses from multiple routers.  I can't see
anything in your draft that replaces the random delay to provide this
separation.  Are you just proposing that like 
draft-mkhalil-ipv6-fastra-05.txt, one router be configured to provide
fast responses?

The difference would then just be that fast responses are only given
by that configured router to hosts that specifically request it.

If you have to go to the effort of configuring one router to be able to
provide fast responses, then why would you ever want it not to provide
a fast response?

Brett.

Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com wrote:
> fyi. 
> 
> All commnets are highly welcome.
> 
> Regards,
> ---------------------------------------------
> Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
> Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics.
>     
> 
> 
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: i-d-announce-bounces@ietf.org 
>>[mailto:i-d-announce-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of 
>>Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
>>Sent: Saturday, June 11, 2005 4:37 AM
>>To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
>>Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
>>
>>
>>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line 
>>Internet-Drafts directories.
>>
>>
>>	Title		: IPv6 Fast Neighbor Discovery Option
>>	Author(s)	: S. Park
>>	Filename	: draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
>>	Pages		: 0
>>	Date		: 2005-6-10
>>	
>>To minimize router delay in response to Router Solicitation message,
>>   several scheme are being discussed in IETF.  This document 
>>suggests a
>>   new Neighbor Discovery option which is included in Router
>>   Solicitation and/or Router Advertisement messages to achieve fast
>>   network attachment.
>>
>>A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
>>
>>
>>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>I-D-Announce mailing list
>>I-D-Announce@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/i-d-announce


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun 13 12:53:13 2005
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Subject: Re: [DNA] [New I-D] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
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Danial,

The DT considered having a designated "fast responder" and rejected the idea
based on the need for configuration. The algorithm described in
draft-pentland doesn't require configuring any router to be the fast
responder. This has two benefical effects: 1) it removes the possibility of
error and need for additional human attention which makes network management
easier, 2) it removes problems if the designated fast responder crashes or
is taken offline.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
To: <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Friday, June 10, 2005 6:43 PM
Subject: [DNA] [New I-D] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt


> fyi.
>
> All commnets are highly welcome.
>
> Regards,
> ---------------------------------------------
> Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
> Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics.
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: i-d-announce-bounces@ietf.org
> > [mailto:i-d-announce-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> > Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> > Sent: Saturday, June 11, 2005 4:37 AM
> > To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
> > Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> >
> >
> > A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line
> > Internet-Drafts directories.
> >
> >
> > Title : IPv6 Fast Neighbor Discovery Option
> > Author(s) : S. Park
> > Filename : draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> > Pages : 0
> > Date : 2005-6-10
> >
> > To minimize router delay in response to Router Solicitation message,
> >    several scheme are being discussed in IETF.  This document
> > suggests a
> >    new Neighbor Discovery option which is included in Router
> >    Solicitation and/or Router Advertisement messages to achieve fast
> >    network attachment.
> >
> > A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
>




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun 13 13:44:37 2005
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Date: Mon, 13 Jun 2005 10:44:52 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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I've been meaning to write this up for some time. Below is some text for a
section to add to draft-pentland about the interaction of DNA with host
address configuration, both unicast and multicast. It covers stateful and
stateless address configuration. The text is intended to be for a new
section in draft-pentland, presuming, of course, that the WG approves
draft-pentland as the basis for the WG draft.

Comments?

            jak

---------------------------
5.2.5 DNA and Address Configuration

When a host moves to a new link, a potential exists for a change in the
validity of its unicast link local and global addresses, and its multicast
addresses. In this section, host processing for address configuration is
specified. The section considers both statelessly and statefully configured
addresses.

5.2.5.1 Duplicate Address Detection

A DNA host MUST support optimistic Duplicate Address Detection [RFCoDAD] for
autoconfiguring unicast link local addresses. If a DNA host uses address
autoconfiguration [RFC2462] for global addresses, the  DNA host MUST support
optimistic Duplicate Address Detection for autoconfiguring global unicast
addresses.

5.2.5.2 DNA and the Address Autoconfiguration State Machine

When a link level event occurs indicating that the host has moved from one
link to another, DNA requires the host to determine whether a change in IP
link has occured by sending an RS. The DNA host SHOULD select one of its
link local addresses that is in the "Confirmed" state (i.e. assigned to an
interface) and utilize that as the source address on the DNA RS. If the host
has no "Confirmed" link local addresses but does have an address in the
"Optimistic" state, it MUST utilize that as the source address. Since
optimistic Duplicate Address Detection is required for DNA, the host should
not have any addresses in the "Tentative" state. If the host currently has
no link local addresses, it MUST construct one and put it into the
"Optimistic" state. Note that the presence of a duplicate link local address
 on the link will not interfere with the ability of the link to route a
unicast RA from the router back to the host, because the TSLLA option is
included in the RS and is utilized by the router on the RA frame.

If the host receives no RA in reply, it MUST transition all addresses to the
"Optimistic" state and act according to [RFC2461] as if no router has been
discovered on the link.

If the received RAs indicate that the host has not moved to a new IP link
(i.e. the IP link has not changed) either because a DNA RA has been received
or nonDNA RAs have been received and the host performs CPL, then the host is
REQUIRED to leave the state of all "Confirmed" and "Optimistic" addresses
unchanged and continue with optimistic Duplicate Address Detection for
"Optimistic" addresses. This includes both unicast link local and
statelessly autoconfigured unicast global addresses (but not statefully
configured global unicast addresses).

If the received RAs indicate that the host has moved to a new IP link (i.e.
the IP link has changed), either because a DNA RA has been received or
nonDNA RAs have been received and the host performs CPL, the host MUST
transition all autoconfigured addresses in the "Confirmed" state to
"Optimistic" and begin optimistic Duplicate Address Detection signaling for
them. Optimistic Duplicate Address Detection signaling for "Optimistic"
addresses MUST also be restarted and continued until either a duplicate is
detected or the signaling timeout occurs, according to [RFCoDAD].

5.2.5.3 DNA and Statefully Configured Addresses

The DHCPv6 specification [RFC3315] requires hosts to send a DHCPv6 CONFIRM
message when a change in link is detected. Since the DNA protocol provides
the same level of movement detection as the DHCPv6 CONFIRM, it is
RECOMMENDED that DNA hosts not utilize the DHCPv6 CONFIRM message when a DNA
RA is received, to avoid excessive signaling.

When a DNA RA is received, statefully configured addresses are handled
similarly to autoconfigured addresses. If the received RA indicates that the
host has not moved to a new IP link, the statefully configured addresses are
still valid and can continue to be used until their lease expires. If the
DNA RA indicates that the host has moved to another link, the host is
REQUIRED to begin stateful configuration again.

If, however, a nonDNA RA is received, the host SHOULD use the DHCPv6 CONFIRM
message as described in RFC 3315 rather than wait for additional RAs to
perform CPL, since it reduces the amount of time required for the host to
confirm whether or not it has moved to a new link. If the CONFIRM message
validates the addresses, then the host can continue to use them. If not, the
host MUST perform DHCPv6 stateful address configuration again, as described
by RFC 3315.

5.2.5.4 Change in IP Link Address Configuration Type

It is possible that a host may encounter a change in IP link address
configuration type (for example, from stateful to stateless) when it moves
from one IP link to another. The solicited RA will indicate what type of
address configuration to perform in this case, and MUST be followed.

In general, a change in IP link address configuration type should not occur
if the host does not change IP link. However, if the initial DNA RA
indicates that the host has not changed IP link but the IP link address
configuration type is different from the last indication of the address
configuration type on the link, the host SHOULD wait for additional RAs
before beginning address reconfiguration. If all RAs agree as to the address
configuration type change, then the host MUST perform address
reconfiguration as specified by the RAs even though it has not changed to a
new link. If the RAs do not agree, then it is likely that the routers are
misconfigured, and the host MAY continue to use previous addresses as
described above, but an error message should be logged to inform the network
administrator, and the host should be vigilant for possible errors.

5.2.5.5 Multicast Address Configuration

If the returned DNA RA indicates that the host has not moved to a new IP
link, no further action is required for multicast addresses to which the
host has subscribed.

If, on the other hand, the DNA RA indicates that the host has moved to a new
IP link, the host MUST issue MLD [RFC3810] messages to the router for
subscribed multicast addresses, including the
Solicited_Node_Multicast_Address for any unicast addresses configured.







From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun 13 18:25:24 2005
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Date: Mon, 13 Jun 2005 15:22:44 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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James Kempf wrote:
>

> When a link level event occurs indicating that the host has moved from one
> link to another, DNA requires the host to determine whether a change in IP
> link has occured by sending an RS. The DNA host SHOULD select one of its
> link local addresses that is in the "Confirmed" state (i.e. assigned to an
> interface) and utilize that as the source address on the DNA RS.

Doesn't this imply that if the host has moved to a new link, and the 
Confirmed address is a duplicate on that link, that the host might 
accidentally overwrite the neighbor cache entry for the existing user of 
that link-local address?

That would seem to defeat the purpose of DAD.

It is safer to, immediately when the link level event arrives, switch 
all Confirmed addresses to Optimistic.
Then if it turns out that the host didn't move, it can switch those back 
to Confirmed.
And if it turns out that the host did move, it can send the actual NS 
DAD probe for all the IP addresses it has (the existing link-local 
addresses, as well as any newly configured IP addresses).



> If the returned DNA RA indicates that the host has not moved to a new IP
> link, no further action is required for multicast addresses to which the
> host has subscribed.
> 
> If, on the other hand, the DNA RA indicates that the host has moved to a new
> IP link, the host MUST issue MLD [RFC3810] messages to the router for
> subscribed multicast addresses, including the
> Solicited_Node_Multicast_Address for any unicast addresses configured.

It actually needs to handle the Solicited node multicast addresses 
before starting any DAD procedure, to ensure that it will receive DAD 
messages when there are MLD snooping L2 switches.

   Erik


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Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2005 08:58:08 +0900
From: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] [New I-D] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
In-reply-to: <00d301c57038$5cef8e10$016115ac@dcml.docomolabsusa.com>
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Jak, 

The purpose of this approach is just to separate fixed node
and mobile node as well as avoid configuring router to support 
fast router response. That is all. As Brett pointed out, I was
also think of multiple router issues to prevent simultaneous 
responses from them, but in my experience, it was not so 
serious problem in the real networks.

Regarding DT consideration, I didn't know of that since 
non-DT guys are not able to see what happen in DT..:-)

Regards,
---------------------------------------------
Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics.
    

> -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com] 
> Sent: Tuesday, June 14, 2005 1:53 AM
> To: Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com; dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> Subject: Re: [DNA] [New I-D] FW: I-D 
> ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> 
> 
> Danial,
> 
> The DT considered having a designated "fast responder" and 
> rejected the idea
> based on the need for configuration. The algorithm described in
> draft-pentland doesn't require configuring any router to be the fast
> responder. This has two benefical effects: 1) it removes the 
> possibility of
> error and need for additional human attention which makes 
> network management
> easier, 2) it removes problems if the designated fast 
> responder crashes or
> is taken offline.
> 
>             jak
> 
> ----- Original Message ----- 
> From: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
> To: <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
> Sent: Friday, June 10, 2005 6:43 PM
> Subject: [DNA] [New I-D] FW: I-D 
> ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> 
> 
> > fyi.
> >
> > All commnets are highly welcome.
> >
> > Regards,
> > ---------------------------------------------
> > Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
> > Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics.
> >
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: i-d-announce-bounces@ietf.org
> > > [mailto:i-d-announce-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> > > Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> > > Sent: Saturday, June 11, 2005 4:37 AM
> > > To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
> > > Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> > >
> > >
> > > A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line
> > > Internet-Drafts directories.
> > >
> > >
> > > Title : IPv6 Fast Neighbor Discovery Option
> > > Author(s) : S. Park
> > > Filename : draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> > > Pages : 0
> > > Date : 2005-6-10
> > >
> > > To minimize router delay in response to Router 
> Solicitation message,
> > >    several scheme are being discussed in IETF.  This document
> > > suggests a
> > >    new Neighbor Discovery option which is included in Router
> > >    Solicitation and/or Router Advertisement messages to 
> achieve fast
> > >    network attachment.
> > >
> > > A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> > > 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
> >
> 
> 
> 
> 



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Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2005 09:37:04 +0900
From: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
In-reply-to: <00f901c5703f$9e1a6e30$016115ac@dcml.docomolabsusa.com>
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Jak, 


>5.2.5.3 DNA and Statefully Configured Addresses

>When a DNA RA is received, statefully configured addresses are handled
>similarly to autoconfigured addresses.

Just curious to know, 
It means that DNA RA has a kind of M/O flags of a general RA (rfc2462) 
or just uses them ? Above mention does not clear for me at this point.

>If the DNA RA indicates that the host has moved to another link, the host
is
>REQUIRED to begin stateful configuration again.

Suggested to be added following above sentence (if appropriate of course),

In DNA, it is beneficial to rapidly configure hosts. The DHCPv6 operation as
4-message exchange, however, allows for redundancy (multiple DHCPv6
servers) without wasting addresses, as addresses are only provisionally
assigned to a host until the host chooses and requests one of the
provisionally
assigned addresses. If the DNA host supports the Rapid Commit Option 
[RFC3315], it is possible that the exchange can be shortened from a 
4-message exchange to a 2-message exchange.



Regards,
---------------------------------------------
Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics.
    




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun 13 20:44:05 2005
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Date: Mon, 13 Jun 2005 17:44:12 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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> Doesn't this imply that if the host has moved to a new link, and the
> Confirmed address is a duplicate on that link, that the host might
> accidentally overwrite the neighbor cache entry for the existing user of
> that link-local address?
>
> That would seem to defeat the purpose of DAD.
>

Draft-pentland in Section 5.2.3 says this:

   Hosts MUST include a tentative source link layer address option
   (TSLLAO) in the RS message [13].  The router solicitation message is
   sent to the All_Routers_Multicast address and the source address MUST
   be the link local address of the host.

The router uses the TSLLAO to route back to the host, and the definition of
the TSLLAO means that it won't pollute the neighbor cache if there's a
duplicate. So there should be no effect on the router neighbor cache even if
there is a duplicate, and the router shouldn't send the RS to any other node
even if there is a duplicate because the TSLLAO will allow link routing to
work correctly.

> It is safer to, immediately when the link level event arrives, switch
> all Confirmed addresses to Optimistic.
> Then if it turns out that the host didn't move, it can switch those back
> to Confirmed.
> And if it turns out that the host did move, it can send the actual NS
> DAD probe for all the IP addresses it has (the existing link-local
> addresses, as well as any newly configured IP addresses).
>

I considered that, but the problem is that if the addresses are switched to
"Optimistic" . Section 3.3 of draft-ietf-ipv6-optimistic-dad says this about
the "Optimistic" state:

   * (modifies 5.4)  As soon as the initial Neighbor Solicitation is
        sent, the Optimistic Address is configured on the interface and
        available for use immediately.  The address MUST be flagged as
        'Optimistic'.

so what this means to me is that the node would have to send NSes on the
link prior to switching its addresses to Optimistic, even if it is on the
same link, because it doesn't find out that it is on the same link until
after the RA returns. I'm not sure whether the extra traffic overhead on
each move is really necessary or beneficial.

Unfortunately, there's no good solution here. Here are the possible states
and their problems:

- Optimistic: requires NS/DAD signaling even if the host hasn't switched IP
links. If the host has switched IP links, then any packets sent with a
global unicast address while the RS/RA transaction is underway will be sent
with an address that is topologically incorrect (because the host may send
packets while an address is in "Optimistic").

- Confirmed: If the host has switched links, then any packets sent with a
global unicast address will be sent with an address that is topologically
incorrect, as above.

- Tentative: requires NS/DAD signaling even if the host hasn't switched IP
links, but no topologically incorrect addresses will be used if the host has
switched links since a host can't send any packets from a Tentative address.

- Deprecated: not relevant, since the host can continue to use the address
for existing connections and therefore would have the same problem with
topological incorrectness here as with Optimistic and Confirmed.

If we are OK with having the host signal to reconfirm addresses on every
move, then we could switch the link local address used as the source address
on the RS to Optimistic, and the others to Tentative prior to sending the
RS. This would avoid the problem with topological incorrectness for global
unicast addresses. When the RS returns, we could switch everything to
Optimistic if the host is on the same IP link, since no change in topology
has occured. If the IP link has changed, then the link local addresses could
be switched to Optimistic and the unicast global addresses could be dropped
(actually "dropped" is not in the state machine, and Deprecated isn't
appropriate because RFC 2462 allows the host to continue using Deprecated
addresses), and the host would then configure new global unicast addresses.

Any other ideas about how to handle this?

>
>
> > If the returned DNA RA indicates that the host has not moved to a new IP
> > link, no further action is required for multicast addresses to which the
> > host has subscribed.
> >
> > If, on the other hand, the DNA RA indicates that the host has moved to a
new
> > IP link, the host MUST issue MLD [RFC3810] messages to the router for
> > subscribed multicast addresses, including the
> > Solicited_Node_Multicast_Address for any unicast addresses configured.
>
> It actually needs to handle the Solicited node multicast addresses
> before starting any DAD procedure, to ensure that it will receive DAD
> messages when there are MLD snooping L2 switches.
>

Yes, that's true. I'll switch that around to make it clear.

            jak




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Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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> >5.2.5.3 DNA and Statefully Configured Addresses
>
> >When a DNA RA is received, statefully configured addresses are handled
> >similarly to autoconfigured addresses.
>
> Just curious to know,
> It means that DNA RA has a kind of M/O flags of a general RA (rfc2462)
> or just uses them ? Above mention does not clear for me at this point.
>

The existing flags are unchanged.

> >If the DNA RA indicates that the host has moved to another link, the host
> is
> >REQUIRED to begin stateful configuration again.
>
> Suggested to be added following above sentence (if appropriate of course),
>
> In DNA, it is beneficial to rapidly configure hosts. The DHCPv6 operation
as
> 4-message exchange, however, allows for redundancy (multiple DHCPv6
> servers) without wasting addresses, as addresses are only provisionally
> assigned to a host until the host chooses and requests one of the
> provisionally
> assigned addresses. If the DNA host supports the Rapid Commit Option
> [RFC3315], it is possible that the exchange can be shortened from a
> 4-message exchange to a 2-message exchange.
>

Sure, thanx for pointing this out.

            jak






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From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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Hi Jim,

Thanks for doing this.  It looks like it will be a good addition to
the draft once the few issues that have been raised are addressed.

I have a couple of comments too:

> 5.2.5.2 DNA and the Address Autoconfiguration State Machine
> 
> When a link level event occurs indicating that the host has moved from one
> link to another, DNA requires the host to determine whether a change in IP
> link has occured by sending an RS. The DNA host SHOULD select one of its

We need to keep the terminology consistent (and this goes for the rest
of the draft too...)  The last discussions on this list that I can find
(around 26/5/05) talked about "point of attachment" for what you have
here called "link", and "link" for what you have called "IP link".  I
think the intention is to have them defined in the "L2 event
notifications for DNA" document.

> If the received RAs indicate that the host has moved to a new IP link (i.e.
> the IP link has changed), either because a DNA RA has been received or
> nonDNA RAs have been received and the host performs CPL, the host MUST
> transition all autoconfigured addresses in the "Confirmed" state to
> "Optimistic" and begin optimistic Duplicate Address Detection signaling for
> them. Optimistic Duplicate Address Detection signaling for "Optimistic"
> addresses MUST also be restarted and continued until either a duplicate is
> detected or the signaling timeout occurs, according to [RFCoDAD].

This sounds right for link-local addresses, but I think global addresses
will be invalid because of the link change and should be dropped
altogether.  New global addresses may be formed based on the prefix
information in the RA and those should go into the Optimistic state.

Brett.


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Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2005 20:20:41 +0900
From: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
Subject: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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Hello folks, 

In my understanding, Brett and Jinhyeock documents
seem to achieve the same goal. I am just curious
to know of why we need two documents not merged
one. Is there any internal decision from DT ? 

To me, a single document seems mostly like an 
appropriate approach...

Regards,
---------------------------------------------
Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics.
    

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au 
> [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of 
> JinHyeock Choi
> Sent: Saturday, May 28, 2005 9:37 AM
> To: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au
> Cc: dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> Subject: [DNA] [New I-D] DNA Solution: Link Identifier based approach
> 
> 
> Dear DNA Group
> 
> We submitted the following draft as a solution work. 
> 
> DNA Solution: Link Identifier based approach
> draft-jinchoi-dna-protocol2-00.txt
> 
> As Brett mentioned, two approaches were discussed 
> in DT, Landmark based & Link Identifier based. 
> 
> The draft presents the second one and describes how
> to check for link change with the prefix based linkid.   
> 
> Routers pick the smallest prefix as the linkid prefix and 
> include the linkid prefix in every RA. In short, if a host 
> sees the same linkid prefix, it is at the same link and if it 
> sees a different linkid prefix, it has moved to a new link.  
> 
> This document is available at the URL:
> 
> http://www.diffeo.com/drafts/draft-jinchoi-dna-protocol2-00.txt
> 
> We are looking forward to your feedback.
> 
> Best Regards
> 
> JinHyeock Choi
> 
> 



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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2005 01:15:25 +1000
From: Greg Daley <Greg.Daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Re: DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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To: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
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Hi Daniel,

----- Original Message -----
From: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
Date: Tuesday, June 14, 2005 9:20 pm
Subject: DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2

> Hello folks, 
> 
> In my understanding, Brett and Jinhyeock documents
> seem to achieve the same goal. I am just curious
> to know of why we need two documents not merged
> one. Is there any internal decision from DT ? 

I believe that the protocol document is aimed at providing
one complete solution.

I believe that the protocol-2 document is aimed by its authors
at replacing a single portion of the protocol-00 document
dependent on what the WG thinks.  Both documents have received
DT comments, and had discussion off-list.

DT members may provide feedback to update this.

There are still some differences in opinion regarding which trade-offs
matter to which situations.  In my guess, there are many solutions,
most of which are 'good-enough' for DNA's purposes.

> To me, a single document seems mostly like an 
> appropriate approach...

Yes a single document is the appropriate approach.

The WG should discuss the benefits of various components
and determine if they warrant inclusion in the
ultimate solution.

Please comment on the documents.

Greg


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Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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Hi Brett,

> > 5.2.5.2 DNA and the Address Autoconfiguration State Machine
> >
> > When a link level event occurs indicating that the host has moved from
one
> > link to another, DNA requires the host to determine whether a change in
IP
> > link has occured by sending an RS. The DNA host SHOULD select one of its
>
> We need to keep the terminology consistent (and this goes for the rest
> of the draft too...)  The last discussions on this list that I can find
> (around 26/5/05) talked about "point of attachment" for what you have
> here called "link", and "link" for what you have called "IP link".  I
> think the intention is to have them defined in the "L2 event
> notifications for DNA" document.
>

OK, sorry, I wrote it up quickly and didn't pay much attention to making the
terminology consistent. I'll clean it up once we have discussion complete.

> > If the received RAs indicate that the host has moved to a new IP link
(i.e.
> > the IP link has changed), either because a DNA RA has been received or
> > nonDNA RAs have been received and the host performs CPL, the host MUST
> > transition all autoconfigured addresses in the "Confirmed" state to
> > "Optimistic" and begin optimistic Duplicate Address Detection signaling
for
> > them. Optimistic Duplicate Address Detection signaling for "Optimistic"
> > addresses MUST also be restarted and continued until either a duplicate
is
> > detected or the signaling timeout occurs, according to [RFCoDAD].
>
> This sounds right for link-local addresses, but I think global addresses
> will be invalid because of the link change and should be dropped
> altogether.  New global addresses may be formed based on the prefix
> information in the RA and those should go into the Optimistic state.
>

Right, that makes sense.

            jak




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Tue Jun 14 11:33:31 2005
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Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2005 08:34:07 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>,
        "'JinHyeock Choi'" <jinchoe@gmail.com>, greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au
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Actually, the two documents contain protocols that are designed to solve the
same problem in two completely different ways. So I don't think it is a
matter of merging them, I think one or the other must be chosen.

WG chairs, do you have any thoughts about how the decision on this will be
made? Will we try to make a decision prior to the IETF meeting through
discussion and s concensus call on the list, or do you want to wait until
the meeting and have presentations on each proposal, then a straw poll?

            jak


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
To: "'JinHyeock Choi'" <jinchoe@gmail.com>; <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Cc: <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Tuesday, June 14, 2005 4:20 AM
Subject: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2


> Hello folks,
>
> In my understanding, Brett and Jinhyeock documents
> seem to achieve the same goal. I am just curious
> to know of why we need two documents not merged
> one. Is there any internal decision from DT ?
>
> To me, a single document seems mostly like an
> appropriate approach...
>
> Regards,
> ---------------------------------------------
> Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
> Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics.
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
> > [mailto:owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of
> > JinHyeock Choi
> > Sent: Saturday, May 28, 2005 9:37 AM
> > To: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au
> > Cc: dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> > Subject: [DNA] [New I-D] DNA Solution: Link Identifier based approach
> >
> >
> > Dear DNA Group
> >
> > We submitted the following draft as a solution work.
> >
> > DNA Solution: Link Identifier based approach
> > draft-jinchoi-dna-protocol2-00.txt
> >
> > As Brett mentioned, two approaches were discussed
> > in DT, Landmark based & Link Identifier based.
> >
> > The draft presents the second one and describes how
> > to check for link change with the prefix based linkid.
> >
> > Routers pick the smallest prefix as the linkid prefix and
> > include the linkid prefix in every RA. In short, if a host
> > sees the same linkid prefix, it is at the same link and if it
> > sees a different linkid prefix, it has moved to a new link.
> >
> > This document is available at the URL:
> >
> > http://www.diffeo.com/drafts/draft-jinchoi-dna-protocol2-00.txt
> >
> > We are looking forward to your feedback.
> >
> > Best Regards
> >
> > JinHyeock Choi
> >
> >
>




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From: Syam Madanapalli <smadanapalli@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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I think it is better to split the DNAv6 draft into three
1. Link Identification
2. Fast RA
3. DNA Procedure or Operation
 This way it is easy to understand and implement. This will also
help WG to better understand about each method that is solving
a particular problem.
 -Syam

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<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>I think it is better to split the DNAv6 draft into three</div>
<div>1. Link Identification</div>
<div>2. Fast RA</div>
<div>3. DNA Procedure or Operation</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>This way it is easy to understand and implement. This will also</div>
<div>help WG to better understand about each method that is solving</div>
<div>a particular problem.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>-Syam</div>

--Boundary_(ID_viKYB9Eti2Lx/zvZ2hWNbg)--


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Wed Jun 15 04:30:30 2005
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From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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All three of these are parts of a DNA solution and to me they are
just sections of a single document.  Having three separate documents
adds overhead, but I don't really see it adding much value.

I might make sense to break it into three if we want to be able to
pick and choose bits and pieces but then we end up with all sorts of
interoperability problems.  I think it's better as a single document,
and if clarity is a problem, then that probably just indicates that
the document needs some reorganisation.

Brett.

Syam Madanapalli wrote:
>  
> I think it is better to split the DNAv6 draft into three
> 1. Link Identification
> 2. Fast RA
> 3. DNA Procedure or Operation
>  
> This way it is easy to understand and implement. This will also
> help WG to better understand about each method that is solving
> a particular problem.
>  
> -Syam


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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2005 10:55:33 -0400
From: Sathya Narayanan <sathya@research.panasonic.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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I agree with Brett.

The first draft produced by the design team, 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-dnadt-dna-discussion-00.txt, 
discussed different solutions for the two components of DNA (Link 
Identification and FastRA) individually. Splitting the solution now will 
be a step backwards.

thanks,
Sathya

Brett Pentland wrote:

> All three of these are parts of a DNA solution and to me they are
> just sections of a single document.  Having three separate documents
> adds overhead, but I don't really see it adding much value.
>
> I might make sense to break it into three if we want to be able to
> pick and choose bits and pieces but then we end up with all sorts of
> interoperability problems.  I think it's better as a single document,
> and if clarity is a problem, then that probably just indicates that
> the document needs some reorganisation.
>
> Brett.
>
> Syam Madanapalli wrote:
>
>>  
>> I think it is better to split the DNAv6 draft into three
>> 1. Link Identification
>> 2. Fast RA
>> 3. DNA Procedure or Operation
>>  
>> This way it is easy to understand and implement. This will also
>> help WG to better understand about each method that is solving
>> a particular problem.
>>  
>> -Syam
>



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Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2005 12:42:39 +0530
From: Syam Madanapalli <syam@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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Hi Brett,


> All three of these are parts of a DNA solution and to me they are
> just sections of a single document.  Having three separate documents
> adds overhead, but I don't really see it adding much value.

What I was thinking is that these three can be used individually, one can
implement just Fast RA on routers, may be for other purposes.

> 
> I might make sense to break it into three if we want to be able to
> pick and choose bits and pieces but then we end up with all sorts of
> interoperability problems. 

I said 3 drafts but a single solution for now as a solution of the DNA
WG. These drafts will address different issues of DNA. There will
not multiple solutions that solves the single problem.

> I think it's better as a single document,
> and if clarity is a problem, then that probably just indicates that
> the document needs some reorganisation.

This just a thought, everybody feels that single document is good, then
it is fine with me. When I read the DNAv6 first I felt it is very complex,
as it is solving multiple issues.

And may be we can improve the clarity of the document by reorganisation.


> 
> Brett.
> 
> Syam Madanapalli wrote:
>>  
>> I think it is better to split the DNAv6 draft into three
>> 1. Link Identification
>> 2. Fast RA
>> 3. DNA Procedure or Operation
>>  
>> This way it is easy to understand and implement. This will also
>> help WG to better understand about each method that is solving
>> a particular problem.
>>  
>> -Syam
> 
>


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Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2005 18:23:39 +1000
From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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Syam Madanapalli wrote:

>> I think it's better as a single document,
>> and if clarity is a problem, then that probably just indicates that
>> the document needs some reorganisation.
> 
> 
> This just a thought, everybody feels that single document is good, then
> it is fine with me. When I read the DNAv6 first I felt it is very complex,
> as it is solving multiple issues.
> 
> And may be we can improve the clarity of the document by reorganisation.

I'm open to suggestions.  What sort of reorganization would help?

As it stands, section 3 is an overview and it clearly breaks the problem
down into separate sections:

    3.  Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
      3.1   What Identifies a Link?  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
      3.2   Link Identification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
      3.3   Fast Router Advertisment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7

Section 5 goes into the details of what each device has to do to solve
both problems:

    5.  DNA Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
      5.1   DNA Router Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
        5.1.1   Data Structures  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
        5.1.2   Router Configuration Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
        5.1.3   Bootstrapping DNA Data Structures  . . . . . . . . . . 13
        5.1.4   Processing Router Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . 13
        5.1.5   Processing Router Solicitations  . . . . . . . . . . . 13
        5.1.6   Complete Router Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
        5.1.7   Scheduling Fast Router Advertisements  . . . . . . . . 15
        5.1.8   Scheduling Unsolicited Router Advertisements . . . . . 16
      5.2   DNA Host Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
        5.2.1   Data Structures  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
        5.2.2   Selection of a Landmark Prefix . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
        5.2.3   Sending Router Solicitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
        5.2.4   Processing Router Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Is this general structure ok (just needing some reorganization within
sections)?

Brett.


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Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2005 14:54:42 +0530
From: Syam Madanapalli <syam@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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Over all the TOC is okay, what I was mentioning is about the content
of the sections.

> 
> I'm open to suggestions.  What sort of reorganization would help?
> 
> As it stands, section 3 is an overview and it clearly breaks the problem
> down into separate sections:
> 
>    3.  Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
>      3.1   What Identifies a Link?  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
>      3.2   Link Identification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
>      3.3   Fast Router Advertisment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7

Can we describe these 2 completely in this sections? Meaning, can we
for example, just replace the Link Identification method with some other 
approach? 

> 
> Section 5 goes into the details of what each device has to do to solve
> both problems:
> 
>    5.  DNA Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
>      5.1   DNA Router Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
>        5.1.1   Data Structures  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
>        5.1.2   Router Configuration Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
>        5.1.3   Bootstrapping DNA Data Structures  . . . . . . . . . . 13
>        5.1.4   Processing Router Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . 13
>        5.1.5   Processing Router Solicitations  . . . . . . . . . . . 13
>        5.1.6   Complete Router Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
>        5.1.7   Scheduling Fast Router Advertisements  . . . . . . . . 15
>        5.1.8   Scheduling Unsolicited Router Advertisements . . . . . 16
>      5.2   DNA Host Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
>        5.2.1   Data Structures  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
>        5.2.2   Selection of a Landmark Prefix . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
>        5.2.3   Sending Router Solicitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
>        5.2.4   Processing Router Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . 17
> 
> Is this general structure ok (just needing some reorganization within
> sections)?
> 
> Brett.
> 
>


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Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2005 20:02:57 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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James Kempf wrote:

> Draft-pentland in Section 5.2.3 says this:
> 
>    Hosts MUST include a tentative source link layer address option
>    (TSLLAO) in the RS message [13].  The router solicitation message is
>    sent to the All_Routers_Multicast address and the source address MUST
>    be the link local address of the host.
> 
> The router uses the TSLLAO to route back to the host, and the definition of
> the TSLLAO means that it won't pollute the neighbor cache if there's a
> duplicate. So there should be no effect on the router neighbor cache even if
> there is a duplicate, and the router shouldn't send the RS to any other node
> even if there is a duplicate because the TSLLAO will allow link routing to
> work correctly.

This handles the RS not overwriting a previous entry in the routers 
neighbor cache, but doesn't prevent other hosts on the link (which send 
a NS for instance) from being polluted.

> I considered that, but the problem is that if the addresses are switched to
> "Optimistic" . Section 3.3 of draft-ietf-ipv6-optimistic-dad says this about
> the "Optimistic" state:
> 
>    * (modifies 5.4)  As soon as the initial Neighbor Solicitation is
>         sent, the Optimistic Address is configured on the interface and
>         available for use immediately.  The address MUST be flagged as
>         'Optimistic'.
> 
> so what this means to me is that the node would have to send NSes on the
> link prior to switching its addresses to Optimistic, even if it is on the
> same link, because it doesn't find out that it is on the same link until
> after the RA returns. I'm not sure whether the extra traffic overhead on
> each move is really necessary or beneficial.

There is no technical reason for optimistic DAD to require that the NS 
be sent before or even after state change AFAIK. Do you see a technical 
reason?

AFAIK The state change says "don't pollute" and the NS is there to find 
out whether there is a duplicate.

   Erik


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From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [New I-D] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-daniel-dna-fastraopt-00.txt
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Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com wrote:
<snip>
> Regarding DT consideration, I didn't know of that since 
> non-DT guys are not able to see what happen in DT..:-)
<snip>

Regarding this, we have just opened up the design team mailing list
archive in case anyone is interested.

The archive is at:

http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/warchive/dna-dt

Cheers,
Brett.


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Fri Jun 17 03:21:33 2005
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From: Brett Pentland <brett.pentland@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] DNA design team mailing list archive
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Oops.  Should have given the previous email a relevant subject header.

Brett.

Brett Pentland wrote:
> Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com wrote:
> <snip>
> 
>> Regarding DT consideration, I didn't know of that since non-DT guys 
>> are not able to see what happen in DT..:-)
> 
> <snip>
> 
> Regarding this, we have just opened up the design team mailing list
> archive in case anyone is interested.
> 
> The archive is at:
> 
> http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/warchive/dna-dt
> 
> Cheers,
> Brett.


From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au  Mon Jun 20 12:32:18 2005
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Date: Mon, 20 Jun 2005 09:30:44 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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I disagree.

The problem is that someone wanting to implement the protocol would have to
track down each draft and figure out how they fit together. We went through
exactly the same debate in the MIP6 bootstrapping DT, and decided against
splitting the draft because it would make the task of figuring out how the
protocol worked more complicated. It is hard enough just following up on
references in IETF documents, by having to do searches on the clumsy IETF
Web site, much less having to do the same thing for the protocol spec
itself.

Now, if the IETF used modern hypertext-based documentation technology,
rather than antiquated ASCII files, to publish its specifications, I would
have completely the opposite opinion. However, we're stuck with ASCII for
now, unfortunately.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Syam Madanapalli" <smadanapalli@gmail.com>
To: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: "Soohong Daniel Park@samsung.com" <soohong.park@samsung.com>; "JinHyeock
Choi" <jinchoe@gmail.com>; <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>;
<dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Wednesday, June 15, 2005 12:52 AM
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2


I think it is better to split the DNAv6 draft into three
1. Link Identification
2. Fast RA
3. DNA Procedure or Operation
 This way it is easy to understand and implement. This will also
help WG to better understand about each method that is solving
a particular problem.
 -Syam




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Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA Protocol vs. Protocol 2
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> >    3.  Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
> >      3.1   What Identifies a Link?  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
> >      3.2   Link Identification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
> >      3.3   Fast Router Advertisment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
>
> Can we describe these 2 completely in this sections? Meaning, can we
> for example, just replace the Link Identification method with some other
> approach?
>

No, I think the protocol needs one link identification method. That means,
as difficult and painful as it may seem to the WG, we need to choose between
the two drafts.

            jak




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Date: Mon, 20 Jun 2005 15:10:09 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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> > Draft-pentland in Section 5.2.3 says this:
> >
> >    Hosts MUST include a tentative source link layer address option
> >    (TSLLAO) in the RS message [13].  The router solicitation message is
> >    sent to the All_Routers_Multicast address and the source address MUST
> >    be the link local address of the host.
> >
> > The router uses the TSLLAO to route back to the host, and the definition
of
> > the TSLLAO means that it won't pollute the neighbor cache if there's a
> > duplicate. So there should be no effect on the router neighbor cache
even if
> > there is a duplicate, and the router shouldn't send the RS to any other
node
> > even if there is a duplicate because the TSLLAO will allow link routing
to
> > work correctly.
>
> This handles the RS not overwriting a previous entry in the routers
> neighbor cache, but doesn't prevent other hosts on the link (which send
> a NS for instance) from being polluted.
>

Right, it would mean suspending NS responses for the duration of the
response to the RS. Of course, that's what Optimistic does.

> > I considered that, but the problem is that if the addresses are switched
to
> > "Optimistic" . Section 3.3 of draft-ietf-ipv6-optimistic-dad says this
about
> > the "Optimistic" state:
> >
> >    * (modifies 5.4)  As soon as the initial Neighbor Solicitation is
> >         sent, the Optimistic Address is configured on the interface and
> >         available for use immediately.  The address MUST be flagged as
> >         'Optimistic'.
> >
> > so what this means to me is that the node would have to send NSes on the
> > link prior to switching its addresses to Optimistic, even if it is on
the
> > same link, because it doesn't find out that it is on the same link until
> > after the RA returns. I'm not sure whether the extra traffic overhead on
> > each move is really necessary or beneficial.
>
> There is no technical reason for optimistic DAD to require that the NS
> be sent before or even after state change AFAIK. Do you see a technical
> reason?
>

No, but unfortunately the oDAD document doesn't say anything about this.
Most implementors of oDAD will probably send it out when the state change to
Optimistic happens, because the draft says that, but when combined with DNA,
I suspect there may be some confusion unless we make it clear.

How about: the node SHOULD avoid sending the NS until after the RS is
returned?

Note that even if we do change the state to Optimistic, there is still the
issue I raised about the node originating packets with a topologically
incorrect source address if it has moved to a new IP link. The only way to
prevent that from happening is to make the addresses Tentative (and suppress
the DAD NS until after the RA returns) until the node actually finds out in
the RA whether it actually has moved to a new IP link or not.

> AFAIK The state change says "don't pollute" and the NS is there to find
> out whether there is a duplicate.
>

That is the spirit.

            jak




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From: "Nick 'Sharkey' Moore" <sharkey@zoic.org>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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On 2005-06-20, James Kempf wrote:
> 
> No, but unfortunately the oDAD document doesn't say anything about this.
> Most implementors of oDAD will probably send it out when the state change to
> Optimistic happens, because the draft says that, but when combined with DNA,
> I suspect there may be some confusion unless we make it clear.

G'day James,

	OptiDAD got a "discuss" from IESG, so there's a last round
of revision happening some time Real Soon Now.  If there's something
you reckon needs clarification, now's the time to discuss it!

> Note that even if we do change the state to Optimistic, there is still the
> issue I raised about the node originating packets with a topologically
> incorrect source address if it has moved to a new IP link. The only way to
> prevent that from happening is to make the addresses Tentative (and suppress
> the DAD NS until after the RA returns) until the node actually finds out in
> the RA whether it actually has moved to a new IP link or not.

Yeah, I think the safest thing is to Deprecate any addresses at Link
Down, and Tentative/Optimistic them at Link Up.  That should allow
source address selection to behave correctly in the case of multiple
interface devices as well.

-----N


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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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Hi Nick.

Nick 'Sharkey' Moore wrote:
> On 2005-06-20, James Kempf wrote:
[cut]
>>Note that even if we do change the state to Optimistic, there is still the
>>issue I raised about the node originating packets with a topologically
>>incorrect source address if it has moved to a new IP link. The only way to
>>prevent that from happening is to make the addresses Tentative (and suppress
>>the DAD NS until after the RA returns) until the node actually finds out in
>>the RA whether it actually has moved to a new IP link or not.
> 
> 
> Yeah, I think the safest thing is to Deprecate any addresses at Link
> Down, and Tentative/Optimistic them at Link Up.  That should allow
> source address selection to behave correctly in the case of multiple
> interface devices as well.

This may be the safest way (making them deprecated) but may also result
in devices having no non-::1 addresses available to applications when
they receive a (momentary) link-layer down indication.

(Just asking): Is this appropriate behaviour?

It would be good to have an applications perspective on this...

Perhaps it would be OK in a MIPv6 environment, since there could
always be a home address to bind to, even if it's no good for
routing to the internet at the moment while all links are down...

Greg


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Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2005 16:24:16 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] [Fwd: Internet-Drafts Submission Cutoff Dates for the 63rd IETF
 Meeting in Paris, France]
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Hi everyone,

Please check the cutoff dates for this IETF.

Particular note should be made of changes to procedures
starting with this meeting.

Greg

-------- Original Message --------
Date: Fri, 17 Jun 2005 07:33:37 -0400
From: Margaret Wasserman <margaret@thingmagic.com>
Subject: Fwd: Internet-Drafts Submission Cutoff Dates for the 63rd IETF 
Meeting  in Paris, France
To: int-chairs@ietf.org


Hi All,

Please make sure that your document authors are aware of the draft
cut-off dates for Paris.

Margaret

>From: ietf-secretariat@ietf.org
>Date: Fri, 17 Jun 2005 00:00:02 -0400
>
>
>There are two (2) Internet-Draft cutoff dates for the 63rd
>IETF Meeting in Paris, France:
>
>July 11th: Cutoff Date for Initial (i.e., version -00)
>Internet-Draft Submissions
>
>All initial Internet-Drafts (version -00) must be submitted by Monday,
>July 11th at 9:00 AM ET. As always, all initial submissions with a
>filename beginning with "draft-ietf" must be approved by the
>appropriate WG Chair before they can be processed or announced.  The
>Secretariat would appreciate receiving WG Chair approval by Tuesday,
>July 5th at 9:00 AM ET.
>
>July 18th: Cutoff Date for Revised (i.e., version -01 and higher)
>Internet-Draft Submissions
>
>All revised Internet-Drafts (version -01 and higher) must be submitted
>by Monday, July 18th at 9:00 AM ET.
>
>Initial and revised Internet-Drafts received after their respective
>cutoff dates will not be made available in the Internet-Drafts
>directory or announced until on or after Monday, August 1st at 9:00
>AM ET, when Internet-Draft posting resumes.  Please do not wait until
>the last minute to submit.
>
>PLEASE NOTE THE CHANGE OF PROCEDURE:  If you submit an initial or
>revised Internet-Draft after their respective cutoff deadlines, then
>your document will be retained and posted when Internet-Draft
>processing resumes.  You will no longer be required to resubmit the
>document.
>
>Thank you for your understanding and cooperation. If you have any
>questions or concerns, then please send a message to
>internet-drafts@ietf.org.
>
>The IETF Secretariat
>
>FYI: The Internet-Draft cutoff dates as well as other significant dates
>for the 63rd IETF Meeting can be found at 
>http://www.ietf.org/meetings/cutoff_dates_63.html.
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Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2005 03:16:57 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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James Kempf wrote:

>>There is no technical reason for optimistic DAD to require that the NS
>>be sent before or even after state change AFAIK. Do you see a technical
>>reason?
>>
> 
> 
> No, but unfortunately the oDAD document doesn't say anything about this.

I suspect the oDAD document has no need to say anything. It isn't until 
one tries to combine oDAD with DNA that the issue of separating the 
optimistic state change and the sending of the NS appears.

> Most implementors of oDAD will probably send it out when the state change to
> Optimistic happens, because the draft says that, but when combined with DNA,
> I suspect there may be some confusion unless we make it clear.

Agreed.

> How about: the node SHOULD avoid sending the NS until after the RS is
> returned?

Or. more generally, until it has determined that it has moved to a new 
link. If an RS is returned which indicates that it didn't move, then 
there is no need to send an RS.

> Note that even if we do change the state to Optimistic, there is still the
> issue I raised about the node originating packets with a topologically
> incorrect source address if it has moved to a new IP link. The only way to
> prevent that from happening is to make the addresses Tentative (and suppress
> the DAD NS until after the RA returns) until the node actually finds out in
> the RA whether it actually has moved to a new IP link or not.

Originating such packets is ok I think. If the host has moved to a new 
link it will not receive any "replies". It might make sense and assume 
that it didn't move in this case until it's discovered that it did move.

   Erik


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> OptiDAD got a "discuss" from IESG, so there's a last round
> of revision happening some time Real Soon Now.  If there's something
> you reckon needs clarification, now's the time to discuss it!
>

I'll take another look at the draft and see if I can come up with some
suggested changes. Where should I send them?

> Yeah, I think the safest thing is to Deprecate any addresses at Link
> Down, and Tentative/Optimistic them at Link Up.  That should allow
> source address selection to behave correctly in the case of multiple
> interface devices as well.
>

The problem with Deprecated is that any apps with such addresses active
still continue to send on the address, though new socket connections will
not be opened, so new connections will favor interfaces with Confirmed
addresses. I suppose one could take the position that this is OK, and it is
up to some additional mechanism (seamless handover support?, buffering in
the IP stack while the link transition is occuring?) to handle this problem;
that is, it is outside the scope of DNA to handle it.

            jak




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Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2005 09:46:07 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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> Or. more generally, until it has determined that it has moved to a new
> link. If an RS is returned which indicates that it didn't move, then
> there is no need to send an RS.
>

You mean "no need to send an NS" I think.

Well, there is unfortunately an off chance that, while the host is in
transit from one wireless AP to another, someone comes on the link, sends
out one NS to DAD an address that the in-transit host had claimed, and gets
back no response. The new host would therefore conclude that the address was
not a duplicate, but when the in-transit host came back on the link, it
would be a duplicate. Considering the low probability of a collision in
general (which is what makes oDAD statistically possible in the first
place), this case is even more wildly unlikely, but it is still not
completely impossible. :-(

> > Note that even if we do change the state to Optimistic, there is still
the
> > issue I raised about the node originating packets with a topologically
> > incorrect source address if it has moved to a new IP link. The only way
to
> > prevent that from happening is to make the addresses Tentative (and
suppress
> > the DAD NS until after the RA returns) until the node actually finds out
in
> > the RA whether it actually has moved to a new IP link or not.
>
> Originating such packets is ok I think. If the host has moved to a new
> link it will not receive any "replies". It might make sense and assume
> that it didn't move in this case until it's discovered that it did move.
>

OK. So moving to Optimistic prior to sending the RS rather than to Tentative
is probably OK. I think this aligns with what I mentioned in my response to
Nick, that handling packets sent to an address while the host is in transit
is out of scope for DNA.

Do you think making the addresses Deprecated on Link Down is OK, like Nick
suggested? This would prevent any new applications from opening sockets on
them. If the host is multi-interface, these sockets would be directed to a
Confirmed or Optimistic address on another interface, which might or might
not be a benefit.

            jak




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From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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> > Well, there is unfortunately an off chance that, while the host is in
> > transit from one wireless AP to another, someone comes on the link,
sends
> > out one NS to DAD an address that the in-transit host had claimed, and
gets
> > back no response. The new host would therefore conclude that the address
was
> > not a duplicate, but when the in-transit host came back on the link, it
> > would be a duplicate. Considering the low probability of a collision in
> > general (which is what makes oDAD statistically possible in the first
> > place), this case is even more wildly unlikely, but it is still not
> > completely impossible. :-(
>
> There is also an off chance with a wired Ethernet and hosts that never
> move, that when A boots up and sends the NS, the some switch or link is
> overloaded so that it drops the single NS, hence B (which has the same
> address as A) never sees the NS.
>
> The point is that DAD was not designed to discover duplicates under any
> assumptions; it was designed to be a light-weight mechanism to discover
> (infrequently occurring) duplicate address with a reasonable
> probability, since without any DAD, should a duplicate exist, it is
> quite painful to debug for the user/operator.
>

OK, sounds fine. Then I guess we can say that the host moves the addresses
to Optimistic before it sends the RS, but defers NS until it knows whether
or not it is on a new IP link.

> > OK. So moving to Optimistic prior to sending the RS rather than to
Tentative
> > is probably OK. I think this aligns with what I mentioned in my response
to
> > Nick, that handling packets sent to an address while the host is in
transit
> > is out of scope for DNA.
> >
> > Do you think making the addresses Deprecated on Link Down is OK, like
Nick
> > suggested? This would prevent any new applications from opening sockets
on
> > them. If the host is multi-interface, these sockets would be directed to
a
> > Confirmed or Optimistic address on another interface, which might or
might
> > not be a benefit.
>
> Multihoming is out of scope of RFC 2461 for a good reason :-)
>
> I actually don't think we want to overload the deprecated or any other
> existing state with the notion that an interface is (suspected to be)
> not working, or flaky, or high packet loss. I think all those quality
> metrics should be captured using a separate mechanism. The the stack,
> when it has multiple interfaces to choose from, take those quality
> metrics into account.
>

So then it sounds like we should keep the address state unchanged until the
Link Up, and only then change to Optimistic.

> My 2 cents,

Anybody else have a comment?

            jak




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From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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James Kempf wrote:

> You mean "no need to send an NS" I think.

Oops - yes.

> Well, there is unfortunately an off chance that, while the host is in
> transit from one wireless AP to another, someone comes on the link, sends
> out one NS to DAD an address that the in-transit host had claimed, and gets
> back no response. The new host would therefore conclude that the address was
> not a duplicate, but when the in-transit host came back on the link, it
> would be a duplicate. Considering the low probability of a collision in
> general (which is what makes oDAD statistically possible in the first
> place), this case is even more wildly unlikely, but it is still not
> completely impossible. :-(

There is also an off chance with a wired Ethernet and hosts that never 
move, that when A boots up and sends the NS, the some switch or link is 
overloaded so that it drops the single NS, hence B (which has the same 
address as A) never sees the NS.

The point is that DAD was not designed to discover duplicates under any 
assumptions; it was designed to be a light-weight mechanism to discover 
(infrequently occurring) duplicate address with a reasonable 
probability, since without any DAD, should a duplicate exist, it is 
quite painful to debug for the user/operator.

> OK. So moving to Optimistic prior to sending the RS rather than to Tentative
> is probably OK. I think this aligns with what I mentioned in my response to
> Nick, that handling packets sent to an address while the host is in transit
> is out of scope for DNA.
> 
> Do you think making the addresses Deprecated on Link Down is OK, like Nick
> suggested? This would prevent any new applications from opening sockets on
> them. If the host is multi-interface, these sockets would be directed to a
> Confirmed or Optimistic address on another interface, which might or might
> not be a benefit.

Multihoming is out of scope of RFC 2461 for a good reason :-)

I actually don't think we want to overload the deprecated or any other 
existing state with the notion that an interface is (suspected to be) 
not working, or flaky, or high packet loss. I think all those quality 
metrics should be captured using a separate mechanism. The the stack, 
when it has multiple interfaces to choose from, take those quality 
metrics into account.

My 2 cents,
    Erik


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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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Hi James & Eric,

James Kempf wrote:
[cut]
>>
>>Multihoming is out of scope of RFC 2461 for a good reason :-)
>>
>>I actually don't think we want to overload the deprecated or any other
>>existing state with the notion that an interface is (suspected to be)
>>not working, or flaky, or high packet loss. I think all those quality
>>metrics should be captured using a separate mechanism. The the stack,
>>when it has multiple interfaces to choose from, take those quality
>>metrics into account.
>>
> 
> 
> So then it sounds like we should keep the address state unchanged until the
> Link Up, and only then change to Optimistic.
> 
> 
>>My 2 cents,
> 
> 
> Anybody else have a comment?

Sounds like a reasonable assumption.

Should this be tied to the Link-Up indications, or to the DNA reception
and processing of hints?

For example, if no link-layer indication is received does the
reception of an 'unexpected' RA and subsequent initiation of
DNA operations cause Optimistic to be set?

I'd guess it's tied to DNA initiation, rather than the Link-Up
explicitly.

Greg


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Date: Wed, 22 Jun 2005 12:42:18 +0200
From: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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 >>> There is no technical reason for optimistic DAD to require that
 >>> the NS be sent before or even after state change AFAIK. Do you
 >>> see a technical reason?
 >>
 >> No, but unfortunately the oDAD document doesn't say anything about
 >> this.
 >
 > I suspect the oDAD document has no need to say anything. It isn't
 > until one tries to combine oDAD with DNA that the issue of separating
 > the optimistic state change and the sending of the NS appears.


Hi Erik, hi all,

yes, there ARE scenarios without DNA where you would want to use a 
tentative/optimistic address before the initial NS is sent.

I am actually working on a little draft that identifies some of those 
situations.  Below is the relevant extract.  (Credits also go to Greg; 
we have been discussing some of this before.)

In essence:  There are (at least) three situations in which having to 
send the NS implies additional delays:  The NS must be preceeded by a 
MLD Report, and there is a delay of up to 1 second for the MLD Report 
after interface re-activation in RFC 2462bis.

There are two possible solutions:

(1)  Allow a MN to send the MLD Report without delay (like it may send 
an RS without delay according to RFC2461bis).
(2)  Allow the MN to use a tentative/optimistic address before the 
initial NS is sent.

I have proposed the first option on the IPv6 list where folks agreed 
that this should probably be attended to within the DNA WG.

I'm at a conference right now, but will try to wrap the draft up in between.

- Christian


++++
2.3.  Situation C

--- Routers on the new IP link do not support the TSLLAO for
RSs.  The mobile node solicits a unicast RA.

Soliciting a unicast RA requires the mobile node to send a RS from an 
optimistic address.

- MN sends a MLD Report for an optimistic address.
- MN sends a NS for the optimistic address, initiating ODAD.
- MN sends a RS from the optimistic address.
- MN receives a unicast RA.

The MLD Report (step 1) is delayed for up to 1 second 
(MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY) because it is the first message transmitted 
after (re-) enabling the interface [RFC2462bis].

2.4.  Situation D

--- Routers on the new IP link do not support the TSLLAO for
RSs, but do send unsolicited multicast RAs every 30ms to 70ms according 
to rules in [RFC3775].

- MN receives a multicast RA.
- MN sends a MLD Report for an optimistic address.
- MN sends an initial NS for the optimistic address (ODAD).

The MLD Report (step 2) is delayed for two reasons.  First, it is the 
first message transmitted after (re-) enabling the interface.  This 
calls for a delay of up to 1 second (MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY) 
[RFC2462bis].  Second, the MLD Report is sent in response to a multicast 
RA.  This also calls for a delay of up to 1 seconds 
(MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY) [RFC2462bis].

2.5.  Situation E

--- Routers on the new IP link do not support the TSLLAO for
RSs.  The mobile node solicits a multicast RA.

The mobile node can send the RS from the unspecified address, 
eliminating the requirement to initiate ODAD at this point.

- MN sends an RS from the unspecified address.
- MN receives a multicast RA.
- MN sends a MLD Report for an optimistic address.
- MN send a NS for the optimistic address, initiating ODAD.

The RS (step 1) may be sent immediately, even though this is the first 
message transmitted after (re-) enabling the interface [RFC2461bis].

The multicast RA (step 2) is delayed for up to 3 seconds (maximum of 
MAX_RA_DELAY_TIME and MIN_DELAY_BETWEEN_RAS) [RFC2461bis].

The MLD Report (step 3) is delayed for up to 1 second 
(MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY) because it is sent in response to a 
multicast RA [RFC2462bis].
++++

-- 
Christian Vogt, Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe
www.tm.uka.de/~chvogt/pubkey/



Erik Nordmark wrote:
> James Kempf wrote:
> 
>>> There is no technical reason for optimistic DAD to require that
>>> the NS be sent before or even after state change AFAIK. Do you
>>> see a technical reason?
>>> 
>> 
>> 
>> No, but unfortunately the oDAD document doesn't say anything about
>> this.
> 
> 
> I suspect the oDAD document has no need to say anything. It isn't
> until one tries to combine oDAD with DNA that the issue of separating
> the optimistic state change and the sending of the NS appears.
> 
>> Most implementors of oDAD will probably send it out when the state
>>  change to Optimistic happens, because the draft says that, but
>> when combined with DNA, I suspect there may be some confusion
>> unless we make it clear.
> 
> 
> Agreed.
> 
>> How about: the node SHOULD avoid sending the NS until after the RS
>> is returned?
> 
> 
> Or. more generally, until it has determined that it has moved to a
> new link. If an RS is returned which indicates that it didn't move,
> then there is no need to send an RS.
> 
>> Note that even if we do change the state to Optimistic, there is
>> still the issue I raised about the node originating packets with a
>> topologically incorrect source address if it has moved to a new IP
>> link. The only way to prevent that from happening is to make the
>> addresses Tentative (and suppress the DAD NS until after the RA
>> returns) until the node actually finds out in the RA whether it
>> actually has moved to a new IP link or not.
> 
> 
> Originating such packets is ok I think. If the host has moved to a
> new link it will not receive any "replies". It might make sense and
> assume that it didn't move in this case until it's discovered that it
> did move.
> 
> Erik




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Date: Wed, 22 Jun 2005 04:44:05 -0700
From: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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Greg Daley wrote:

> Should this be tied to the Link-Up indications, or to the DNA reception
> and processing of hints?
> 
> For example, if no link-layer indication is received does the
> reception of an 'unexpected' RA and subsequent initiation of
> DNA operations cause Optimistic to be set?
> 
> I'd guess it's tied to DNA initiation, rather than the Link-Up
> explicitly.

Things wouldn't work safely from a DAD perspective if there is no 
link-up notification.

Take an example:
1. Host moves and attaches to link B (no link-up notification)
2. Host receives a NS for it's link-local address. It responds since it
    isn't aware that it might have moved to a different link.
3. Host receives an unsolicited RA, which has some 'unexpected' things
    in it (e.g., only unknown prefixes). This triggers DNA; move
    addresses to optimistic state and send RS.

The issue is that if the link-local address is a duplicate on the new 
link, then at #2 the host would mess up things for the existing user of 
that link-local address on the new link.

So things can't be very robust without a link-up notification.

    Erik




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Hi Bernard and all,

I sent this e-mail couple of weeks ago, but it never appeared in the DNA 
mailing list, sorry about that.

Please, consider my replies inline about 802.11 section of 
link-information draft.

[chop]

>
>  
>
>> 2.3  IEEE 802.11/WiFi
>>
>>    A STA must establish a IEEE
>>    802.11 link with an AP in order to send and receive IP packets.
>>   
>
>
> In
>  
>
>> a
>>    WiFi network that supports Robust Secure Network (RSN
>>    [IEEE-802.11i]), successful completion of 4-way handshake between
>> the
>>    STA and AP commences the availability of IP service.  The link up
>>    event notification must be generated upon this event.  In
>>    non-RSN-based networks, successful association or re-association
>>    events on the link-layer must cause a link up notification sent to
>>    the IP-layer.
>>
>>    As part of the link establishment, Basic Service Set
>>   
>
>
> Identification
>  
>
>>    (BSSID) and Service Set Identifier (SSID) associated with the AP
>>   
>
>
> is
>  
>
>>    learned by the STA.  BSSID is a unique identifier of the AP.  Its
>>    value is set to the MAC address of the AP.
>>
>> [BA] I would delete the last sentence; an AP may have multiple MAC
>> addresses (e.g. on the wired side and on the wireless side).
>>   
>
>
>
> I see, OK.
>  
>
As this is the default configuration of APs, wouldn't it be valuable to 
keep the following sentence instead:

"BSSID is a unique identifier of the AP, usually set to the MAC address 
of the wireless interface of the AP."

>  
>
>>    In ad-hoc mode, mobile station (STA) in range may directly
>>    communicate with others, i.e., without any infrastructure or
>>    intermediate hop.  The set of communicating STAs is called IBSS
>>   
>
>
> for
>  
>
>>    Indepedant Basic Service Set.  In an IBSS, only station services
>>   
>
>
> are
>  
>
>> Indepedant -> Independent
>>
>>    available, i.e.  authentication, deauthentication, privacy and
>>   
>
>
> MSDU
>  
>
>>    delivery.  STAs do not associate with each other, and therefore
>>   
>
>
> may
>  
>
>>    exchange data frames in state 2 (authenticated and not associated)
>> or
>>    even in state 1 (unauthenticated and unassociated) if
>>   
>
>
> authentication
>  
>
>>    is not used.
>>
>> [BA] They can exchange data frames in state 1 only if "To DS" and
>>   
>
>
> "From
>  
>
>> DS" bits are clear.  This is not dependent on authentication (e.g.
>> State
>> 1, not State 2).
>>   
>
>
>
> I'd need to ask co-author Nicolas to look at this. I'm not too familiar
> with these details.
>  
>
What about this modified text:

"In an IBSS, only station services are available, i.e. authentication, 
deauthentication, privacy and MSDU delivery. STAs do not associate with 
each other, and therefore may exchange data frames in state 2 
(authenticated and not associated) or even in state 1 (unauthenticated 
and unassociated) if the Distribution System is not used (i.e. "To DS" 
and "From DS" bits are clear)."

>
>  
>
>>    Although a link up indication can be generated upon
>>    authentication, one may not be present per latter usage.  If
>>    authentication is performed, a deauthentication event is used for
>>    generating the link down indication.  Concerning the link layer
>>    identification, both the BSSID (which is a random MAC address
>>   
>
>
> chosen
>  
>
>>    by a STA of the IBSS) and SSID may be used to identify a link, but
>>    not to make any assumptions on the IP network configuration.
>>
>> [BA] This is a reasonable guess at how it should work, but I'm not
>> clear
>> that it is strictly correct.  If the goal is only for two nodes to
>> exchange data frames, this can occur in State 1 without
>>   
>
>
> authentication.
>  
>
>> So if the packets can be exchanged, the link can be "up".  Without
>> explicit link establishment, whether the link is "up" or "down"
>>   
>
>
> becomes
>  
>
>> dependent on the frame loss, which is non-deterministic.
>>
>> To clear this up, you might ask Bob O'Hara, editor of 802.11ma.
>>   
>
>
>
> I'm deferring this to Nicolas as well.
>  
>
About the Link Up, I agree with you: if two nodes which are in ad-hoc 
mode, communicate together without using authentication, you won't have 
a proper Link Up (from my understanding). Should we insist on that point 
in the draft, by adding few sentences? I guess, we can not propose to 
use other parameters such as frame loss rate.

Otherwise, Beacons are also sent in ad-hoc mode, and it is used to 
configure the BSSID on nodes. Setting a BSSID could be considered as a 
link Up, couldn't it?

Thank you again for the review.

Nicolas


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Date: Thu, 23 Jun 2005 01:24:35 +1000
From: Greg Daley <Greg.Daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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To: Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
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Hi Erik, 

----- Original Message -----
[cut]
> > I'd guess it's tied to DNA initiation, rather than the Link-Up
> > explicitly.
> 
> Things wouldn't work safely from a DAD perspective if there is no 
> link-up notification.
> 
> Take an example:
> 1. Host moves and attaches to link B (no link-up notification)
> 2. Host receives a NS for it's link-local address. It responds 
> since it
>    isn't aware that it might have moved to a different link.
> 3. Host receives an unsolicited RA, which has some 'unexpected' things
>    in it (e.g., only unknown prefixes). This triggers DNA; move
>    addresses to optimistic state and send RS.
> 
> The issue is that if the link-local address is a duplicate on the 
> new 
> link, then at #2 the host would mess up things for the existing 
> user of 
> that link-local address on the new link.
> 
> So things can't be very robust without a link-up notification.

Yes, I agree with your point, that link-indications are required.

That's not what I was trying to get at though.

The DAD doesn't need to be done _directly_ due to the link-indication.
It needs to be done because the host thinks it should be doing DNA.

The link-indications pass to the DNA module which then (processing the 
hint)
initializes DNA procedures, including marking of the optimistic flag.

Perhaps it is a minor nit, but I guess it's not a requirement from
the link-indication, rather it is a DNA requirement which also requires
link-indications to function correctly.

Greg



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Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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> Sounds like a reasonable assumption.
>
> Should this be tied to the Link-Up indications, or to the DNA reception
> and processing of hints?
>
> For example, if no link-layer indication is received does the
> reception of an 'unexpected' RA and subsequent initiation of
> DNA operations cause Optimistic to be set?
>
> I'd guess it's tied to DNA initiation, rather than the Link-Up
> explicitly.
>

Well, there's a couple cases to consider.

Case 1: Multicast RA

Suppose the host receives a multicast DNA RA, either as a result of failover
to multicast mode due to RS overload on the router or simply as a multicast
beacon. If the host can conclude that it has not moved to a new IP link, no
changes in address state are required. If the host can conclude that it has
moved to a new IP link, the old addresses should be Deprecated, the host
should form a new link local address, set state to Optimistic, oDAD it, and
then form new global unicast addresses, etc., just as if it had moved, even
if it didn't get a link event indicating movement (the link event may have
failed for some reason). But the host doesn't need to do anything "prior" to
sending the RS, because it didn't send one.

Case 2: Unsolicted unicast RA

This case is pretty unlikely and is probably due to an error (or somebody
playing a trick on the host by sending an RS with the victim's link address
in the TSLLAO and the victim's link local address as the source address).
I'd say in this case the host should be cautious and should issue a unicast
DNA RA in order to confirm. But I don't think it should make any changes in
its address state machine in this case, because there is no link event
indicating a link change. If a link change actually did occur, of course,
the addresses need to be reconfigured.

How does that sound?

            jak




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From: Greg Daley <Greg.Daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au, Erik Nordmark <erik.nordmark@sun.com>,
        dna@eng.monash.edu.au
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Hi James, 

----- Original Message -----
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Date: Thursday, June 23, 2005 1:41 am
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction

> 
> > Sounds like a reasonable assumption.
> >
> > Should this be tied to the Link-Up indications, or to the DNA 
> reception> and processing of hints?
> >
> > For example, if no link-layer indication is received does the
> > reception of an 'unexpected' RA and subsequent initiation of
> > DNA operations cause Optimistic to be set?
> >
> > I'd guess it's tied to DNA initiation, rather than the Link-Up
> > explicitly.
> >
> 
> Well, there's a couple cases to consider.
> 
> Case 1: Multicast RA
> 
> Suppose the host receives a multicast DNA RA, either as a result 
> of failover
> to multicast mode due to RS overload on the router or simply as a 
> multicastbeacon. If the host can conclude that it has not moved to 
> a new IP link, no
> changes in address state are required. If the host can conclude 
> that it has
> moved to a new IP link, the old addresses should be Deprecated, 
> the host
> should form a new link local address, set state to Optimistic, 
> oDAD it, and
> then form new global unicast addresses, etc., just as if it had 
> moved, even
> if it didn't get a link event indicating movement (the link event 
> may have
> failed for some reason). But the host doesn't need to do anything 
> "prior" to
> sending the RS, because it didn't send one.

It's an interesting point.  I'd guess that for non-authoritative
link-change RA reception, you'd want to initiate DNA procedures and
send RS.

If the content of the RA message was enough to go off and configure
addresses (or check router trust with SEND), then the RS would
be unnecessary, as you say.

I'm interested for the hosts document which may need to touch on 
this (while cutting parts out...).

> Case 2: Unsolicted unicast RA
> 
> This case is pretty unlikely and is probably due to an error (or 
> somebodyplaying a trick on the host by sending an RS with the 
> victim's link address
> in the TSLLAO and the victim's link local address as the source 
> address).I'd say in this case the host should be cautious and 
> should issue a unicast
> DNA RA in order to confirm. But I don't think it should make any 
> changes in
> its address state machine in this case, because there is no link event
> indicating a link change. If a link change actually did occur, of 
> course,the addresses need to be reconfigured.

I guess you mean RS.

> How does that sound?

Sounds OK, with the caveat that we wouldn't leave out the Link-hints
(so we don't have confusion on that point). 

Greg


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From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction
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Erik,

Yes, I agree, I think we discussed this in the DT. But I think it's still
possible that it might be an error case.

There two error cases are that the host receives a multicast RA w.o. any
Link Up, and the host receives an unsolicited unicast RA w.o. a any Link Up.
In a separate email, I proposed a couple ways to handle this, maybe you
could take a look at it and comment?

It's also possible that the host receives a multicast RA with Link Up, as,
for example, if it sends an RS and the router is overloaded, but that case
should be covered by the procedure for what to do before sending a DNA RS.

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Erik Nordmark" <erik.nordmark@sun.com>
To: <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Cc: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>; <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Wednesday, June 22, 2005 4:44 AM
Subject: Re: [DNA] [Issue 15] [Issue 16] DAD and MLD Interaction


> Greg Daley wrote:
>
> > Should this be tied to the Link-Up indications, or to the DNA reception
> > and processing of hints?
> >
> > For example, if no link-layer indication is received does the
> > reception of an 'unexpected' RA and subsequent initiation of
> > DNA operations cause Optimistic to be set?
> >
> > I'd guess it's tied to DNA initiation, rather than the Link-Up
> > explicitly.
>
> Things wouldn't work safely from a DAD perspective if there is no
> link-up notification.
>
> Take an example:
> 1. Host moves and attaches to link B (no link-up notification)
> 2. Host receives a NS for it's link-local address. It responds since it
>     isn't aware that it might have moved to a different link.
> 3. Host receives an unsolicited RA, which has some 'unexpected' things
>     in it (e.g., only unknown prefixes). This triggers DNA; move
>     addresses to optimistic state and send RS.
>
> The issue is that if the link-local address is a duplicate on the new
> link, then at #2 the host would mess up things for the existing user of
> that link-local address on the new link.
>
> So things can't be very robust without a link-up notification.
>
>     Erik
>
>
>




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Date: Fri, 24 Jun 2005 01:01:38 +0200
From: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
Subject: [DNA] Analysis of IPv6 Relocation Delays
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Hi everybody,

as I had mentioned on this list before, we wrote a little draft on the
latency of IPv6 relocation due to delayed MLD Reports.  Here is the
abstract:

    Mobile nodes require fast IPv6 relocation.  Yet, router discovery,
    address auto-configuration, and support for TSLLAOs depend on delayed
    MLD signaling, defeating existing optimizations in many situations.

    This document identifies problematic situations.  It proposes delay
    relaxations for MLD Reports or use of optimistic addresses prior to
    the initial Neighbor Solicitation to improve them.

Until the draft becomes available at the official repository, you can
access it here:

http://doc.tm.uka.de/2005/draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt

Note that the purpose of this draft is NOT to evolve itself within the
DNA WG.  Rather, it is supposed to be a basis for a mailing-list
discussion and maybe provide some text for existing WG documents.

Regards,
- Christian

--
Christian Vogt, Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe
www.tm.uka.de/~chvogt/pubkey/


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From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au Thu Jun 23 22:06:40 2005
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Date: Fri, 24 Jun 2005 12:03:39 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Re: Analysis of IPv6 Relocation Delays
In-reply-to: <42BB3F52.7000407@tm.uka.de>
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
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Hi Christian,

Thanks for the draft, and your efforts in raising this for discussion.

This is definitely an important issue.

I guess that the primary issue is with regard to snooping switches,
since otherwise multicast delivery will succeed.
The problem is that a host cannot necessarily know if snooping
is in place, when it arrives at a point-of-attachment.

Perhaps it would be good to mention this in the draft (referring
also to the snoop draft).

Thanks Again,

Greg

Christian Vogt wrote:
> Hi everybody,
> 
> as I had mentioned on this list before, we wrote a little draft on the
> latency of IPv6 relocation due to delayed MLD Reports.  Here is the
> abstract:
> 
>    Mobile nodes require fast IPv6 relocation.  Yet, router discovery,
>    address auto-configuration, and support for TSLLAOs depend on delayed
>    MLD signaling, defeating existing optimizations in many situations.
> 
>    This document identifies problematic situations.  It proposes delay
>    relaxations for MLD Reports or use of optimistic addresses prior to
>    the initial Neighbor Solicitation to improve them.
> 
> Until the draft becomes available at the official repository, you can
> access it here:
> 
> http://doc.tm.uka.de/2005/draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt
> 
> Note that the purpose of this draft is NOT to evolve itself within the
> DNA WG.  Rather, it is supposed to be a basis for a mailing-list
> discussion and maybe provide some text for existing WG documents.
> 
> Regards,
> - Christian
> 
> -- 
> Christian Vogt, Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe
> www.tm.uka.de/~chvogt/pubkey/
> 



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au Fri Jun 24 10:19:58 2005
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Date: Fri, 24 Jun 2005 16:18:06 +0200
From: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
Subject: [DNA] Re: Analysis of IPv6 Relocation Delays
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Hi Greg.

 > I guess that the primary issue is with regard to snooping switches,
 > since otherwise multicast delivery will succeed.
 > The problem is that a host cannot necessarily know if snooping
 > is in place, when it arrives at a point-of-attachment.

Right.

 > Perhaps it would be good to mention this in the draft (referring
 > also to the snoop draft).

Yes, I added this paragraph to the "Brief Analysis" section (for the 01 
version).  "[*]" is a reference to draft-ietf-magma-snoop-12.txt.

    ++++
    Transmission of MLD Reports can lead to undesired signaling overhead.
    Furthermore, with respect to router discovery and address auto-
    configuration, MLD Reports have a benefit only in the presence of
    snooping switches [*].  The crux is that a mobile node usually does
    not know a new link's topology at attachment time, so it seems that
    omission of MLD Reports would become feasible only with appropriate
    support from the link layer.
    ++++

Bye,
- Christian

-- 
Christian Vogt, Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe
www.tm.uka.de/~chvogt/pubkey/


Greg Daley wrote:
> Hi Christian,
> 
> Thanks for the draft, and your efforts in raising this for discussion.
> 
> This is definitely an important issue.
> 
> I guess that the primary issue is with regard to snooping switches,
> since otherwise multicast delivery will succeed.
> The problem is that a host cannot necessarily know if snooping
> is in place, when it arrives at a point-of-attachment.
> 
> Perhaps it would be good to mention this in the draft (referring
> also to the snoop draft).
> 
> Thanks Again,
> 
> Greg
> 
> Christian Vogt wrote:
> 
>> Hi everybody,
>>
>> as I had mentioned on this list before, we wrote a little draft on the
>> latency of IPv6 relocation due to delayed MLD Reports.  Here is the
>> abstract:
>>
>>    Mobile nodes require fast IPv6 relocation.  Yet, router discovery,
>>    address auto-configuration, and support for TSLLAOs depend on delayed
>>    MLD signaling, defeating existing optimizations in many situations.
>>
>>    This document identifies problematic situations.  It proposes delay
>>    relaxations for MLD Reports or use of optimistic addresses prior to
>>    the initial Neighbor Solicitation to improve them.
>>
>> Until the draft becomes available at the official repository, you can
>> access it here:
>>
>> http://doc.tm.uka.de/2005/draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt
>>
>> Note that the purpose of this draft is NOT to evolve itself within the
>> DNA WG.  Rather, it is supposed to be a basis for a mailing-list
>> discussion and maybe provide some text for existing WG documents.
>>
>> Regards,
>> - Christian
>>
>> -- 
>> Christian Vogt, Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe
>> www.tm.uka.de/~chvogt/pubkey/





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Date: Fri, 24 Jun 2005 12:43:09 -0700
From: Mahesh.Sivakumar@nokia.com
Subject: [DNA] optimistic DAD: sending router solicitations
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Hi,
  I am studying optimistic DAD and had the following questions.

Without optimistic DAD, when DAD completes, the address is configured on the interface and the node starts sending router solicitations. But with Optimistic DAD, the draft suggests that router solicitations MAY be sent from an optimistic address without including the SLLAO option. When optimistic DAD completes, (i) do we have to configure the address on the interface again, (ii) do we stop the router solicitations that were scheduled when optimistic DAD started, and (iii) when we start sending router solicitations (afte Optimistic DAD completes), do we allow a delay or send it right away.

Thanks
Mahesh



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I think the basic idea is that the host changes the addresses to Optimistic
prior to sending the RS after it has detected a link event indicating a link
move, and includes TSLLAO in the RS (the latter is already in the draft) so
the router can unicast the RA back but the router's neighbor cache doesn't
get changed. The host also deferrs oDAD signaling (NA) until after the RA
returns. If the RA comes back and the host hasn't changed IP links, it can
switch the addressses back to Confirmed. If the RA comes back and the host
has changed IP links, the host moves the addresses to Deprecated and
configures new addresses on the link as Optimistic and does the oDAD
signaling (NA).

So the idea is to couple DNA with oDAD in a way that reduces the amount of
signaling and allows the host to recover quickly if it hasn't changed IP
links.

            jak


----- Original Message ----- 
From: <Mahesh.Sivakumar@nokia.com>
To: <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Sent: Friday, June 24, 2005 12:43 PM
Subject: [DNA] optimistic DAD: sending router solicitations


> Hi,
>   I am studying optimistic DAD and had the following questions.
>
> Without optimistic DAD, when DAD completes, the address is configured on
the interface and the node starts sending router solicitations. But with
Optimistic DAD, the draft suggests that router solicitations MAY be sent
from an optimistic address without including the SLLAO option. When
optimistic DAD completes, (i) do we have to configure the address on the
interface again, (ii) do we stop the router solicitations that were
scheduled when optimistic DAD started, and (iii) when we start sending
router solicitations (afte Optimistic DAD completes), do we allow a delay or
send it right away.
>
> Thanks
> Mahesh
>





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Date: Mon, 27 Jun 2005 07:14:00 +0200
From: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
Subject: [DNA] New I-D: draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt
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Hi everybody,

there was recently a discussion [1] on the IPv6 mailing list about 
recommmended backoff delays for MLD Report messages sent by a MN upon 
link (re-) attachment.  These delays are according to RFC 2462bis.

The consent was to move any such mobility-related discussion to DNA.

We did a brief analysis on IPv6 relocation delays...
- identifying problematic situations, and
- proposing delay relaxations for MLD Reports or use of optimistic 
addresses prior to the initial NS to improve such situations.

You find this work here:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt

Kind regards,
- Christian

[1] http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ipv6/current/msg05084.html

-- 
Christian Vogt, Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe
www.tm.uka.de/~chvogt/pubkey/




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Date: Mon, 27 Jun 2005 15:53:41 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
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Cc: Pekka Nikander <pekka.nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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Dear WG,

Please be aware that there's some conflict of interest here
(being one of the authors of the document), so I'd like to
be guided by the WG's opinion.

I've been discussing the use of
Tentative Source Link-Layer Address Options (TSLLAO)s
with some of the people in the DT, and it seems that
there's some belief that TSLLAOs are useful for DNA.

I'd like to confirm if this is the case on the mailing list,
and if so, determine what to do with the existing draft.

The draft is: draft-daley-ipv6-tsllao-01.txt

It's referenced from draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt,
and is relied upon for delivery of unicast fast RAs to
Optimistic addresses.

There's an experimental implementation of the technology
available using RADVD, as well as a partial implementation
(doesn't use optimistic DAD) for an RS sender.

Do people think it would be useful for this technology to
be standardized?

If so, where should it go:

a) within the DNA solution

b) as a separate document within DNA

c) ask IPv6 (or another suggested WG) to work on it?

At this stage, discussion is encouraged, so that people
can devlop opinions over time.

If there's significant interest, though, I can tentatively
approach the IPv6 chairs for their (early) opinion too.

Please tell me what you think, and alternative ideas and
opinions are welcome.

Greg.



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Date: Mon, 27 Jun 2005 12:53:17 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Subject: Re: [DNA] New I-D: draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt
In-reply-to: <42BF8B18.8080203@tm.uka.de>
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
Cc: DNA <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
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Hi Christian,

and thanks for writing this draft. Some comments:

Technical:

>    o  MN sends a RS with a TSLLAO from the unspecified address.
>    o  MN receives an IPv6-multicast RA by link-layer unicast.
>    o  MN sends a MLD Report for an optimistic address.
>    o  MN send a NS for the optimistic address, initiating ODAD.
>
>    The RS (step 1) may be sent immediately, even though this is the
>    first message transmitted after (re-) enabling the interface RFC
>    2461bis.
>
>    From a standard's perspective, it is debatable whether or not the MLD
>    Report must be delayed.  RFC 2462bis says in section 5.4.2:

My belief is that the original delays in IPv6 specifications were
written in order to avoid broadcast storms and other similar
problems that might occur when, for instance, the electricity
is turned on for a large set of nodes after a power failure. Similarly,
this can address (in some cases) the wireless movement patterns
such as a bus load of people coming to the range of a cell at the
same time.

But I get worried if its followed blindly, such as in the above
scenario where other messages precede MLD signaling anyway.
Basically, I believe we need to look at the problem as a whole,
and build in safeguards that prevent packet storms. But once they
exist in a given situation, that should be sufficient and neither
ND nor MLD delays should be needed. Here's what RFC 3775 said
about the matter:

   The Mobile
   Node SHOULD delay according to the mechanisms specified in RFC 2462
   unless the implementation has a behavior that desynchronizes the
   steps that happen before the DAD in the case that multiple nodes
   experience handover at the same time.  Such desynchronizing behaviors
   might be due to random delays in the L2 protocols or device drivers,
   or due to the movement detection mechanism that is used.

>    It hence seems feasible to eliminate the backoff for MLD Reports when
>    applied after IPv6 relocation.  In particular, both of the following
>    two conditions would have to be met:
>
>    1.  The mobile node has received a trigger from its local link layer
>        indicating that interface reattachment has taken place.
>    2.  The MLD Report is either the first message transmitted on the new
>        link or it is sent in response to a unicast RA indicating IPv6
>        relocation.

What does "reattachment" mean, exactly? I believe you mean that
an interface which was previously operational has gone down and has
now come up again. But the text should be clear about this, to
avoid confusion with re-attaching to the same link that you have
previously visited.

Also, I find it curious that your conditions above don't call for
the same de-sync knowledge as the RFC 3775 text did. I'm not sure
if it is needed, just pointing out the difference...

Editorial:

>    Mobile nodes require fast IPv6 relocation.  Yet, router discovery,
>    address auto-configuration, and support for TSLLAOs depend on delayed
>    MLD signaling, defeating existing optimizations in many situations.
>
>    This document identifies problematic situations.  It proposes delay
>    relaxations for MLD Reports or use of optimistic addresses prior to
>    the initial Neighbor Solicitation to improve them.

Remove acronyms from the abstract (TSLLAO, MLD). What's
"relocation"? Maybe write the abstract as

  As mobile nodes move to new links, they need to resume their
  communications in a timely fashion. To communicate, IPv6 nodes need
  to complete router discovery, address auto-configuration, and
  other tasks. Unfortunately, many of these tasks depend on prior
  completion of the Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol,
  which introduces a mandatory delay of up to a second. This
  document discusses where this can be problematic and proposes
  some solutions that can alleviate the problem.

>    relocation delays indentified in section 2.

s/indentified/identified/

>    IPv6 Neighbor Discovery [1] accellerates router discovery in that it

My speller doesn't like the fourth word. Maybe "IPv6 ND [1]
allows mobile nodes to forego ..."

>    accelleration for this, defeating the benefits of the afore-mentioned

Same here. Maybe write it simpler as "... can currently not be optimized
away, defeating ..."

>    Both of the following two approaches can eliminate the high IPv6
>    relocation delays indentified in section 2.

There's three subsections following this.

--Jari




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Date: Mon, 27 Jun 2005 09:12:28 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au, dna@eng.monash.edu.au
Cc: Pekka Nikander <pekka.nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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I think TSLLAO needs to be folded into the DNA document. I think we should
maintain the tradition of defining enhancements to ND based on a link
techology with a host MAC address that was started by 2461, and therefore in
the general case the router will need the TSLLAO in order to unicast the RA
back to host. Other link layer types or corner-case uses of 802 link
technologies that don't support MAC addresses on the wireless link (like
802.16) need to be seen as exceptions, to be handled by extension RFCs (like
RFC 2491 does for ATM).

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Greg Daley" <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
To: <dna@eng.monash.edu.au>
Cc: "Pekka Nikander" <pekka.nikander@nomadiclab.com>
Sent: Sunday, June 26, 2005 10:53 PM
Subject: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO


> Dear WG,
>
> Please be aware that there's some conflict of interest here
> (being one of the authors of the document), so I'd like to
> be guided by the WG's opinion.
>
> I've been discussing the use of
> Tentative Source Link-Layer Address Options (TSLLAO)s
> with some of the people in the DT, and it seems that
> there's some belief that TSLLAOs are useful for DNA.
>
> I'd like to confirm if this is the case on the mailing list,
> and if so, determine what to do with the existing draft.
>
> The draft is: draft-daley-ipv6-tsllao-01.txt
>
> It's referenced from draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt,
> and is relied upon for delivery of unicast fast RAs to
> Optimistic addresses.
>
> There's an experimental implementation of the technology
> available using RADVD, as well as a partial implementation
> (doesn't use optimistic DAD) for an RS sender.
>
> Do people think it would be useful for this technology to
> be standardized?
>
> If so, where should it go:
>
> a) within the DNA solution
>
> b) as a separate document within DNA
>
> c) ask IPv6 (or another suggested WG) to work on it?
>
> At this stage, discussion is encouraged, so that people
> can devlop opinions over time.
>
> If there's significant interest, though, I can tentatively
> approach the IPv6 chairs for their (early) opinion too.
>
> Please tell me what you think, and alternative ideas and
> opinions are welcome.
>
> Greg.





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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Subject: [DNA] DNAv4-13 Strawman Available
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DNAv4 has completed IETF last call and IESG review.  The issues that were
raised are available here:
http://www.drizzle.com/~aboba/DNA/

A strawman version of DNAv4-13 addressing the comments is available here:
http://www.drizzle.com/~aboba/DNA/draft-ietf-dhc-dna-ipv4-13.txt

Comments/additional issues to me.



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From: Greg Daley <Greg.Daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO
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To: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Cc: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au, dna@eng.monash.edu.au,
        Pekka Nikander <pekka.nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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Hi James, 

Not trying to preempt the rest of the discussion, but 
asking a clarifying question:

----- Original Message -----
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Date: Tuesday, June 28, 2005 2:12 am
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO
> I think TSLLAO needs to be folded into the DNA document. I think 
> we should maintain the tradition of defining enhancements to ND
> based on a link techology with a host MAC address that was
> started by 2461, and therefore in the general case the router will
> need the TSLLAO in order to unicast the RA back to host.  Other
> link layer types or corner-case uses of 802 link
> technologies that don't support MAC addresses on the wireless link 
> (like802.16) need to be seen as exceptions, to be handled by 
> extension RFCs (like RFC 2491 does for ATM).

Just clarifying: if TSLLAO was folded into DNA, then I guess
we'd only need the part with RS from an Optimistic address
(the part I've already implemented ;-) ,
without NS or Directed Multicast?

Greg




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From: Greg Daley <Greg.Daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] About draft-ietf-dna-cpl-00.txt
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Dear Erik and JinHyeock, 

I've recently read through CPL, and am pleased with how it is
shaping up. 

While reading through, I noticed some minor issues which 
may need to be considered:

Section 2.1, 3rd paragraph:

"...
   This works because each and every valid global prefix on a link must
   not be used on any other link thus the sets of global prefixes on
   different links must be disjoint.
..."

Please consider adding a reference to RFC3513 here, so that people
know that there's a reason for this rule.

Section 2.2, Third paragraph:

"...
   We also assume that when a host changes its attachment point, the DNA
   module will be notified of the event using some form of 'link UP'
   event notification, and that the DNA module determine which RAs
   arrived before the event and which arrived after the event.  This
   assumption places some requirements on the host implementation, but
   does not place any assumptions on the layer 2 protocol.
..."

Please consider placing a reference (informative) to draft-ietf-dna-
link-information

Section 2.3, Third Paragraph:

"...
   If the IP stack is notified by the link layer when a new attachment
   is established (e.g., when associating to a different access point in
   802.11), this will serve as such a hint.  It helps to reduce the risk
   that the assignment of an additional prefix to a link will be
   misinterpreted as being attached to a different link.  Note that this
   hint is merely a local notification and does not require any protocol
   changes.  For instance, in many implementations this would be a
   notification passed from a link-layer device driver to the IP layer.
..."

Please note that The link-information draft describes how the 
association may
not be the best indication of link-up in 802.11 if RSN/802.11i is 
available.
A reference (informative) to draft-ietf-dna-link-information at the end 
of the
paragraph would help here.


Second Last paragraph on Page 6 (Section 2.3):

"...
   Otherwise, to make matters certain, the host may need at least to
   wait for more than the first RAs, or additionally, perform multiple
   RS/ RA exchanges after the hint.  The first level of trying harder is
   to, after the RS transmission,  wait for all RAs that would have been
   triggered by the RS.  The second level of trying harder is to send
   multiple RSs (and waiting for the resulting RAs).
..."

I think that this paragraph needs to be more direct:

Suggest:

"...
   Otherwise, to make matters certain, the host may need to attempt 
further
   procedures.  A first step to clarify link identity is to wait for 
all RAs
   which would have been sent in response to the RS.   A further step 
is to send
   multiple RSs (and wait for the resulting RAs).
..."

Third Paragraph of Page 8 (section 3.1):


"...
   To ascertain whether its existing prefix list is complete or not, the
   host can set its own policy.  The host may take into consideration
   the packet loss rate of the link and the number of RAs it received or
   should have received from each router while it was attached to the
   link.  Per [1] each router should multicast a RA at least every 1800
   seconds.  Furthermore, [5] defines a Advertisement Interval option,
   which the host can use to determine how often it should receive RAs.
..."

the packet loss rate for a link which has never been visited is unknown.

s/the packet loss rate/the estimated packet loss rate/


Fourth Paragraph of Page 8 (section 3.1):

s/For example, the host may keep track of how RAs it has received from/
For example, the host may keep track of how many RAs it has received 
from/


Section 3.3 paragraph 1:

"...
   When a host receives a hint that indicates a possible link change, it
   initiates DNA procedure to determine whether it still remains at the
   same link or not.  At this time, the complete prefix generation may
   or may not be finished.
..."

I think that the complete prefix _list_ is to be generated.

s/complete prefix generation/complete prefix list generation/

Section 3.3 paragraph 2:  

"...
   First, if the host has finished the complete prefix list generation
   and can be reasonably sure of its completeness, the receipt of a
   single RA (with at least one valid prefix) is enough to detect the
   identify of the currently attached link.
..." 

Two uses of the word complete(ness) in the same sentence.

s/identify/identity/


Suggest:

"...
   First, if the host has finished prefix list generation
   and can be reasonably sure of its completeness, the receipt of a
   single RA (with at least one valid prefix) is enough to detect the
   identity of the currently attached link.
..."

Section 4.4:

After the last paragraph, it is not clear if the link-layer
indications reset the number of router solicitations for
MAX_RTR_SOLICITATIONS comparison.

I'd consider adding the following paragraph.

"...
 
   Note that if link-layer indications are reliable, a host can
   reset the number of sent Router Solicitations to 0, while still
   maintaining RTR_SOLICITATION_INTERVAL between RSs.

..."

Page 15 Paragraph 2, Section 4.5:


"...
   Otherwise, if the received RA contains one or more prefixes which is
   part of the prefix list in some retained Candidate Link object, then
   the host has most likely moved back to that link.  In this case the
   host will retain the content of the CCL for future matching, but
   switch the CCL to be that matching object.  The, now new, CCL should
   be updated based on the information in the RA.  Then the DNA module
   informs the Neighbor Discovery module to replace the old information
   with the information in the new CCL as specified in Section 4.6.
..."

s/prefixes which is/prefixes which are/

(since is now a multiple, and non specific)
s/part of the existing prefix list/part of an existing prefix list/
 
 (retaining the CCL is a caching operation, should be optional:)
s/the host will retain the content/the host may retain the content/


Page 15 Paragraph 2, Section 4.5:

"...
   It is possible that the above comparison will result in matching
   multiple Candidate Link objects.  For example, if the RA contains the
   prefixes P1 and P2, and there is one Candidate Link object with P1
   and P3 and other Candidate Link object with P2 and P4.  This should
   not happen during normal operation, but if links have been renumbered
   or physically separate links have been made into one link (before the
   lifetimes in the Candidate Link objects expired), then the host could
   observe this.  The most sensible action would be for the host to
   merge all such matching Candidate Link objects together with the
   information in the receive RA and make this the new CCL.  Doing this
   merging correctly probably requires that each Candidate Link object
   contains the time it was last updated by a RA, so that more recent
   information can override older information.  Note that this case is
   one reason one needs to be concerned about security issues when
   Candidate Link objects are shared across multiple interfaces
..."

* "The most sensible action would be for " is actually debatable, since
  this may lead to false detection in the case that existing CCLs hold
  out-of-date information (if a no-longer present prefix is retained).

s/The most sensible action would be for/One possible action would be 
for/

* If strict ordering for CCL is required, then that reduces the risk of 
  false information being added to the CCL, so we can remove probably:

s/merging correctly probably requires/merging correctly requires/


* There's a sentence at the bottom of the paragraph:
  "Note that this case is one reason ...multiple interfaces"

This is inappropriate given the location, and the fact that sharing
between interfaces has already been prohibited due to security
reasons (which override the later consideration).  The sentence
should be deleted to ensure that people don't get distracted
from the main content.


Page 15 Paragraph 4+5, Section 4.5:

"...
   The easy cases of staying on the same link or moving to a previously
   visited link have been handled above.  The harder case is when the
   first RA after a link UP notification contains prefixes that are new
   to the host.  In this case it isn't obvious whether the host has
   moved or not, because a new prefix could have been added to the
   existing link instead of being associated with a different link.  In
   order to distinguish those to cases the host needs to do some extra
   work.  The host handles this by creating a new Candidate Link object
   which it initializes with the information in the received RA, and
   makes this object the CCL.  However, it does not yet treat this as a
   new link; it is merely a candidate.  Thus it MUST NOT perform the
   actions in Section 4.6.

   Then the host waits for more RA messages.  At a minimum it waits for
   4 seconds, that is, it starts a timer and RAs that are received
   during that time interval are processed as specified above.  This
   processing might result in finding a prefix in common between a
   Candidate Link object and the CCL, in which case the host knows
   whether and to which link it has moved.  But should the 4 seconds
   expire without any common prefix, then it will conclude that it has
   moved to a new link and inform the rest of the host of the movement
   (Section 4.6.)  Note that the arrival of a new link UP notification
   during the 4 second timer must prevent the timer from firing.  In
   this case the host might yet again have moved so it is necessary to
   restart the process of inspecting the RAs.
   
..."

  The first paragraph is incorrect since it forgets (or misstates) when 
the
  CCL is complete that any received RA should be treated as from a
  separate link if there are no prefixes in common with the CCL.

  Suggested Text (including paragraph boundary movement):

"...
   When the first RA afte a link UP notification contains prefixes 
which 
   are disjoint from those in the CCL, it may not be immediately obvious
   whether the host has moved or not.   Where the CCL is believed to be
   complete, though, any advertisement which arrives that does not 
contain
   common prefixes with the CCL can be assumed to be a link change in 
   accordance with section 4.6.  Otherwise, the host needs to create a
   new CCL with the new router's advertisement.  This CCL should not
   yet be treated  as if it belongs to a new link though, and the
   operations defined in 4.6 should not yet occur.  Instead, the host
   waits a minimum it waits for 4 seconds, and RAs that are received 
during
   that time interval are processed as specified above.

   This processing might result in finding a prefix in common between a
   Candidate Link object and the CCL, in which case the host knows
   whether and to which link it has moved.  But should the 4 seconds
   expire without any common prefix, then it will conclude that it has
   moved to a new link and inform the rest of the host of the movement
   (Section 4.6.)  Note that the arrival of a new link UP notification
   during the 4 second timer must prevent the timer from firing.  In
   this case the host might yet again have moved so it is necessary to
   restart the process of inspecting the RAs.
..."

   
Page 16 Last paragrpah of section 4.5:


"...
   Subject to local policy, and perhaps also the host's knowledge of the
   packet loss characteristics of the interface or type of L2
   technology, the host can try harder than just waiting for 4 seconds.
   It is allowed to multicast up to MAX_RTR_SOLICITATIONS [1] RS
   messages spaced RTR_SOLICITATION_INTERVAL apart.  In the most
   conservative approach this means a 12 second delay until the host
   will declare that is has moved to a new link.  Just as above, this
   process should be terminated should a new link UP notification arrive
   during the 12 seconds.
..."

   This text needs to be made more direct:

s/can try harder than just waiting for 4 seconds./can send Router 
Solicitations in
order to gather information./

Section 5, paragraph 7.

s/examplified/exemplified/

Section 11:

Open issues.  

We can discuss these on-list, and attempt to resolve them.


All in all though, it looks OK.

Greg



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Date: Mon, 27 Jun 2005 21:38:07 +0200
From: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
Subject: Re: [DNA] New I-D: draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Hi Jari,

thanks for your review and comments.  Some responses are inline.

 > Technical:
 >
 >> o  MN sends a RS with a TSLLAO from the unspecified address. o  MN
 >> receives an IPv6-multicast RA by link-layer unicast. o  MN sends a
 >> MLD Report for an optimistic address. o  MN send a NS for the
 >> optimistic address, initiating ODAD.
 >>
 >> The RS (step 1) may be sent immediately, even though this is the
 >> first message transmitted after (re-) enabling the interface RFC
 >> 2461bis.
 >>
 >> From a standard's perspective, it is debatable whether or not the
 >> MLD Report must be delayed.  RFC 2462bis says in section 5.4.2:
 >
 >
 > My belief is that the original delays in IPv6 specifications were
 > written in order to avoid broadcast storms and other similar problems
 >  that might occur when, for instance, the electricity is turned on
 > for a large set of nodes after a power failure. Similarly, this can
 > address (in some cases) the wireless movement patterns such as a bus
 > load of people coming to the range of a cell at the same time.
 >
 > But I get worried if its followed blindly, such as in the above
 > scenario where other messages precede MLD signaling anyway.
 > Basically, I believe we need to look at the problem as a whole, and
 > build in safeguards that prevent packet storms. But once they exist
 > in a given situation, that should be sufficient and neither ND nor
 > MLD delays should be needed. Here's what RFC 3775 said about the
 > matter:
 >
 >> The Mobile Node SHOULD delay according to the mechanisms specified in
 >> RFC 2462 unless the implementation has a behavior that
 >> desynchronizes the steps that happen before the DAD in the case that
 >> multiple nodes experience handover at the same time.  Such
 >> desynchronizing behaviors might be due to random delays in the L2
 >> protocols or device drivers, or due to the movement detection
 >> mechanism that is used.

I do agree that the extent to which desynchonization should be performed
is application- and environment-specific.  RFC246[12][bis] is tailored
towards stationary nodes, so the delays of up to 1s
(MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY) are acceptable and make sense.  But we
can't do VoIP for mobile nodes with such delays.

The problem is that we cannot necessarily hard-code application- and
environment-specific behavior into the nodes simply because we don't
know a priori what the applications and environments will be.

But maybe there may be a resort:

I see a difference between messages for which collision is recoverable
and messages for which it is not.  E.g., loss of a RS would simply be
detected by the mobile node by lack of a responding RA.  So in the
(unlikely) case that there was a collision, the mobile node loses some
time, but will eventually retransmit the RS.  OTOH, loss of a MLD Report
or NS sent during (O)DAD cannot be detected---because there is no
expected response---and might lead to an address duplicate, which is NOT
recoverable (in the case of RFC2462[bis]).

But MLD Reports and NSs for (O)DAD can be retransmitted in background
mode.  So an optimistic address would be considered unique only after
two, three, or more transmissions of the MLD Report and NS resulted in
no response.  In addition, there may be plenty of desynchronization
delay because we are doing all this in background mode.  BTW, this is
what draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00 mentions in section 4.3.

 >> It hence seems feasible to eliminate the backoff for MLD Reports
 >> when applied after IPv6 relocation.  In particular, both of the
 >> following two conditions would have to be met:
 >>
 >> 1.  The mobile node has received a trigger from its local link
 >> layer indicating that interface reattachment has taken place. 2.
 >> The MLD Report is either the first message transmitted on the new
 >> link or it is sent in response to a unicast RA indicating IPv6
 >> relocation.
 >
 >
 > What does "reattachment" mean, exactly? I believe you mean that an
 > interface which was previously operational has gone down and has now
 > come up again. But the text should be clear about this, to avoid
 > confusion with re-attaching to the same link that you have previously
 > visited.

I agree; the text is unclear.

 > Also, I find it curious that your conditions above don't call for the
 > same de-sync knowledge as the RFC 3775 text did. I'm not sure if it
 > is needed, just pointing out the difference...

See above.  Maybe it makes sense to send non-critical messages (those
for which collision is recoverable) immediately where possible, and to
desynchronize and retransmit critical messages in background mode.

 > Editorial:
 > [...]

Thanks for the additional comments and suggested text passages.  I guess
there is going to be a 01 version of this draft before Paris.

- Christian

--
Christian Vogt, Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe
www.tm.uka.de/~chvogt/pubkey/



Jari Arkko wrote:
> Hi Christian,
>
> and thanks for writing this draft. Some comments:
>
> Technical:
>
>>    o  MN sends a RS with a TSLLAO from the unspecified address.
>>    o  MN receives an IPv6-multicast RA by link-layer unicast.
>>    o  MN sends a MLD Report for an optimistic address.
>>    o  MN send a NS for the optimistic address, initiating ODAD.
>>
>>    The RS (step 1) may be sent immediately, even though this is the
>>    first message transmitted after (re-) enabling the interface RFC
>>    2461bis.
>>
>>    From a standard's perspective, it is debatable whether or not the MLD
>>    Report must be delayed.  RFC 2462bis says in section 5.4.2:
>
>
> My belief is that the original delays in IPv6 specifications were
> written in order to avoid broadcast storms and other similar
> problems that might occur when, for instance, the electricity
> is turned on for a large set of nodes after a power failure. Similarly,
> this can address (in some cases) the wireless movement patterns
> such as a bus load of people coming to the range of a cell at the
> same time.
>
> But I get worried if its followed blindly, such as in the above
> scenario where other messages precede MLD signaling anyway.
> Basically, I believe we need to look at the problem as a whole,
> and build in safeguards that prevent packet storms. But once they
> exist in a given situation, that should be sufficient and neither
> ND nor MLD delays should be needed. Here's what RFC 3775 said
> about the matter:
>
>   The Mobile
>   Node SHOULD delay according to the mechanisms specified in RFC 2462
>   unless the implementation has a behavior that desynchronizes the
>   steps that happen before the DAD in the case that multiple nodes
>   experience handover at the same time.  Such desynchronizing behaviors
>   might be due to random delays in the L2 protocols or device drivers,
>   or due to the movement detection mechanism that is used.
>
>>    It hence seems feasible to eliminate the backoff for MLD Reports when
>>    applied after IPv6 relocation.  In particular, both of the following
>>    two conditions would have to be met:
>>
>>    1.  The mobile node has received a trigger from its local link layer
>>        indicating that interface reattachment has taken place.
>>    2.  The MLD Report is either the first message transmitted on the new
>>        link or it is sent in response to a unicast RA indicating IPv6
>>        relocation.
>
>
> What does "reattachment" mean, exactly? I believe you mean that
> an interface which was previously operational has gone down and has
> now come up again. But the text should be clear about this, to
> avoid confusion with re-attaching to the same link that you have
> previously visited.
>
> Also, I find it curious that your conditions above don't call for
> the same de-sync knowledge as the RFC 3775 text did. I'm not sure
> if it is needed, just pointing out the difference...
>
> Editorial:
>
>>    Mobile nodes require fast IPv6 relocation.  Yet, router discovery,
>>    address auto-configuration, and support for TSLLAOs depend on delayed
>>    MLD signaling, defeating existing optimizations in many situations.
>>
>>    This document identifies problematic situations.  It proposes delay
>>    relaxations for MLD Reports or use of optimistic addresses prior to
>>    the initial Neighbor Solicitation to improve them.
>
>
> Remove acronyms from the abstract (TSLLAO, MLD). What's
> "relocation"? Maybe write the abstract as
>
>  As mobile nodes move to new links, they need to resume their
>  communications in a timely fashion. To communicate, IPv6 nodes need
>  to complete router discovery, address auto-configuration, and
>  other tasks. Unfortunately, many of these tasks depend on prior
>  completion of the Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol,
>  which introduces a mandatory delay of up to a second. This
>  document discusses where this can be problematic and proposes
>  some solutions that can alleviate the problem.
>
>>    relocation delays indentified in section 2.
>
>
> s/indentified/identified/
>
>>    IPv6 Neighbor Discovery [1] accellerates router discovery in that it
>
>
> My speller doesn't like the fourth word. Maybe "IPv6 ND [1]
> allows mobile nodes to forego ..."
>
>>    accelleration for this, defeating the benefits of the afore-mentioned
>
>
> Same here. Maybe write it simpler as "... can currently not be optimized
> away, defeating ..."
>
>>    Both of the following two approaches can eliminate the high IPv6
>>    relocation delays indentified in section 2.
>
>
> There's three subsections following this.
>
> --Jari



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From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au Mon Jun 27 15:58:44 2005
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Date: Mon, 27 Jun 2005 12:58:29 -0700
From: James Kempf <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: Greg Daley <Greg.Daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Cc: greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au, dna@eng.monash.edu.au,
        Pekka Nikander <pekka.nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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Hi Greg,

> Just clarifying: if TSLLAO was folded into DNA, then I guess
> we'd only need the part with RS from an Optimistic address
> (the part I've already implemented ;-) ,
> without NS or Directed Multicast?
>

I think we could fold the NS usage into DNA too, since testing for
bidirectional reachability could arguably be part of detecting attachment
(if you suspect you've lost attachment, this is one way you might want to
check). Alternatively, one could view the DNA RS/RA as another way to do
attachment checking, and therefore that NS/NA checking isn't necessary, in
which case the NS could be dropped.

With regard to Directed Multicast, I'm not sure I see a general use for
this, can you give some examples? Typically multicast is used when the IP
address is undefined.

            jak




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From: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO
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Hi Greg,

I think TSLLAO is very useful and should be standardized.

Further, IMO TSLLAO should be standardized as a stand-alone document.
The reason is that TSLLAO can be useful even when the DNA protocol
itself is not implemented.  "Situation A" and "Situation B" in
draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt are two examples.

Previous discussions on the IPv6 mailing list have shown that
optimizations like TSLLAO are not the kind of thing for which the IPv6
WG is the right place.  Folks have repeatedly refered to the DNA WG to
handle such optimizations.  (See, e.g., the thread starting at [1].)

- Christian

[1] http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ipv6/current/msg05084.html

--
Christian Vogt, Institute of Telematics, University of Karlsruhe
www.tm.uka.de/~chvogt/pubkey/



Greg Daley wrote:
> Dear WG,
>
> Please be aware that there's some conflict of interest here
> (being one of the authors of the document), so I'd like to
> be guided by the WG's opinion.
>
> I've been discussing the use of
> Tentative Source Link-Layer Address Options (TSLLAO)s
> with some of the people in the DT, and it seems that
> there's some belief that TSLLAOs are useful for DNA.
>
> I'd like to confirm if this is the case on the mailing list,
> and if so, determine what to do with the existing draft.
>
> The draft is: draft-daley-ipv6-tsllao-01.txt
>
> It's referenced from draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt,
> and is relied upon for delivery of unicast fast RAs to
> Optimistic addresses.
>
> There's an experimental implementation of the technology
> available using RADVD, as well as a partial implementation
> (doesn't use optimistic DAD) for an RS sender.
>
> Do people think it would be useful for this technology to
> be standardized?
>
> If so, where should it go:
>
> a) within the DNA solution
>
> b) as a separate document within DNA
>
> c) ask IPv6 (or another suggested WG) to work on it?
>
> At this stage, discussion is encouraged, so that people
> can devlop opinions over time.
>
> If there's significant interest, though, I can tentatively
> approach the IPv6 chairs for their (early) opinion too.
>
> Please tell me what you think, and alternative ideas and
> opinions are welcome.
>
> Greg.

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Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2005 11:13:33 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO
In-reply-to: <004801c57b52$96880b00$016115ac@dcml.docomolabsusa.com>
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Hi James,

James Kempf wrote:
> Hi Greg,
> 
> 
>>Just clarifying: if TSLLAO was folded into DNA, then I guess
>>we'd only need the part with RS from an Optimistic address
>>(the part I've already implemented ;-) ,
>>without NS or Directed Multicast?
>>
> 
> 
> I think we could fold the NS usage into DNA too, since testing for
> bidirectional reachability could arguably be part of detecting attachment
> (if you suspect you've lost attachment, this is one way you might want to
> check). Alternatively, one could view the DNA RS/RA as another way to do
> attachment checking, and therefore that NS/NA checking isn't necessary, in
> which case the NS could be dropped.

OK, That sounds reasonable.  The document's structure's pretty logical
due to work by Erik, so it's easy to see where changes would have to be
made in either case.

> With regard to Directed Multicast, I'm not sure I see a general use for
> this, can you give some examples? Typically multicast is used when the IP
> address is undefined.

Yes.  I was wondering if a host may use TSLLAO even though it doesn't
have a full Optimistic DAD implementation.  In that case, unspecified
source addresses would be necessary.

Whether it's worthwhile designing in things for hosts which can
implement one protocol and not another may be debatable though.

Greg



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Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2005 11:50:41 +0900
From: JinHyeock Choi <jinchoe@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] DNA and TSLLAO
In-reply-to: <42C06AA8.3060007@tm.uka.de>
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To: Christian Vogt <chvogt@tm.uka.de>
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        Pekka Nikander <pekka.nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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Dear Christian

> I think TSLLAO is very useful and should be standardized.

agree. 

> Further, IMO TSLLAO should be standardized as a stand-alone document.
> The reason is that TSLLAO can be useful even when the DNA protocol
> itself is not implemented.  "Situation A" and "Situation B" in
> draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt are two examples.

agree. 

> Previous discussions on the IPv6 mailing list have shown that
> optimizations like TSLLAO are not the kind of thing for which the IPv6
> WG is the right place.  Folks have repeatedly refered to the DNA WG to
> handle such optimizations.  (See, e.g., the thread starting at [1].)

I prefer TSALLAO to be advanced in IPv6 WG. But in case IPv6 WG 
is reluctant, I wish DNA WG handles it instead. 

Thanks for your kind consideration. 

Best Regards

JinHyeock



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Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2005 07:34:53 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Subject: Re: [DNA] New I-D: draft-vogt-dna-relocation-00.txt
In-reply-to: <42C0559F.9080101@tm.uka.de>
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Christian Vogt wrote:

>
> I do agree that the extent to which desynchonization should be performed
> is application- and environment-specific.  RFC246[12][bis] is tailored
> towards stationary nodes, so the delays of up to 1s
> (MAX_RTR_SOLICITATION_DELAY) are acceptable and make sense.  But we
> can't do VoIP for mobile nodes with such delays.

Right.

> The problem is that we cannot necessarily hard-code application- and
> environment-specific behavior into the nodes simply because we don't
> know a priori what the applications and environments will be.

Well, we could have (bad) default behavior and better, optimized
behaviour when the stack knows more about what's happening
underneath. But I agree that this is not the best possible solution.
What you describe below seems to work more universally.

> But maybe there may be a resort:
>
> I see a difference between messages for which collision is recoverable
> and messages for which it is not.  E.g., loss of a RS would simply be
> detected by the mobile node by lack of a responding RA.  So in the
> (unlikely) case that there was a collision, the mobile node loses some
> time, but will eventually retransmit the RS.  OTOH, loss of a MLD Report
> or NS sent during (O)DAD cannot be detected---because there is no
> expected response---and might lead to an address duplicate, which is NOT
> recoverable (in the case of RFC2462[bis]).

Right.

>
> But MLD Reports and NSs for (O)DAD can be retransmitted in background
> mode.  So an optimistic address would be considered unique only after
> two, three, or more transmissions of the MLD Report and NS resulted in
> no response.  In addition, there may be plenty of desynchronization
> delay because we are doing all this in background mode.

Ok, it makes a lot of sense. Thanks for explaining it.

>
> > Also, I find it curious that your conditions above don't call for the
> > same de-sync knowledge as the RFC 3775 text did. I'm not sure if it
> > is needed, just pointing out the difference...
>
> See above.  Maybe it makes sense to send non-critical messages (those
> for which collision is recoverable) immediately where possible, and to
> desynchronize and retransmit critical messages in background mode.

Ok.

--Jari




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Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2005 16:55:54 +0530
From: Syam Madanapalli <syam@samsung.com>
Subject: [DNA] Implementation of Linkid Prefix Scheme
Sender: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au
To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au
Cc: JinHyeock Choi <jinchoe@samsung.com>
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Dear DNA WG,

We have implemented the Linkid Prefix Scheme. 

We wrote a code over Linux OS (Kernel 2.4.18) platform. 

For router side, we added code to RA Daemon (Samsung ISO 
implementation based on Linux RADVD version 0.7.2) and code lines
are 390. For host side, we added code to our own IPv6 stack (SISOv6) 
and code lines are 160. 

Right now we are testing its performance. We set two links consisting 
of three routers respectively and move a host between two links to see 
how it works. Till now, the host seems to check for link change correctly. 
More detailed report will be provided later. 

We also reflected the implementation experience to update the draft, 
which is available at 

http://www.diffeo.com/drafts/draft-jinchoi-dna-protocol2-01.txt

Best Regards,
Syam



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Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2005 22:34:19 +1000
From: Greg Daley <Greg.Daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Early patches for draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00
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Dear WG,

Considering Syam's good news about the LinkID implementation, 
I'd like to pass on some code.

Here's a partial implementation for the protocol
proposed in:

draft-pentland-dna-protocol-00.txt

With the modifications discussed in issues on-list.


It works on Linux 2.4.8.1 with an unmodified kernel.
We've been using Cisco Aironet/350 cards which support
wireless events.

The host portion is dual-licensed (BSD with one way GPL
trapdoor) pair of RS transmission tools, one of which 
sends a single RS, and another which waits for a 
Link-UP event from the wireless LAN system:

http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/dna/eventrs0.01.tgz



The router portion is a patch against RADVD 0.7.3:

http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/dna/DNARADVD.protocol-00.0.01.patch



What's there:

Host (Userspace)- 
    :: source address transmission
    SLLAO transmission
    TSLLAO transmission
    Landmark transmission
    Link-Layer events using Linux Wireless Extensions

Router (Radvd/Userspace)-
    SLLAO processing
    TSLLAO processing (experimental - bug for many neighbours)
    Modified RA scheduling algorithm for simultaneous RAs
    Token Bucket for FastRAs
    Hash Based Fast RA.
    Unicast Responses for RAs
    Landmark Responses
    CompleteRA 

What's missing: 

Host (Userspace)- 
    The response matching on the host
    dynamic landmark selection for eventrs
    actually setting interface flags for optimistic (not in scope)
    SEND (not in scope)

Router (Radvd/Userspace)-
    Strict packet and bounds checking *you've been warned*
    SEND (not in scope)

I'll see if I can come out with an updated version of the 
host code this week with the response matching component.

Instructions:

Installation instructions for the RADVD patch are available here:

http://www.ctie.monash.edu.au/warchive/dna-dt/2005-05/msg00181.html

Please be aware that I've changed the name of the patch to 
DNARADVD.protocol-00.0.01.patch to avoid confusion about which
proposal this covers.

Warning: this requires a recent version of OpenSSL, for Hash FastRA.
 
Host:

tar xzvf eventrs0.01.tgz
cd eventrs0.01
more README.txt
su root
./sendrs tap0 -s -t -L 3ffe:8001:0012:0a88

Please note the leading zeros and colons.


Happy hacking.

Greg



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Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2005 22:46:09 +0900
From: JinHyeock Choi <jinchoe@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [DNA] About draft-ietf-dna-cpl-00.txt
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Dear Greg

Thanks for your kind and detailed feedback. I will look through 
it and reply it in more detail. 

Thanks for your kind consideration. 

Best Regards

JinHyeock



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au Wed Jun 29 20:22:36 2005
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Date: Thu, 30 Jun 2005 10:19:43 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Lead up to IETF63
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Cc: Pekka Nikander <pekka.nikander@nomadiclab.com>
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Hi,


In the lead up to IETF 63, Pekka and I would like to focus
the working group on issue resolution, in order to progress
towards document completion.

In that vein, we'll be trying to run the (one) session at
Paris focussed on issue resolution.  For that we need remaining
(and new) issues to be identified beforehand.

For the following Working Group documents, it would be
good to know which issues are resolved (and how :)

draft-ietf-dna-cpl-00		
draft-ietf-dna-hosts-00 		
draft-ietf-dna-link-information-01	
draft-ietf-dna-soln-frame-00
draft-narayanan-dna-routers-bcp-00 (accepted)

Please update us with the expected submission dates, so
we have enough time that the WG can agree to the changes,
and attempt to get external review (or closure on existing reviews).

If you're an author or editor on one of these drafts, and
have tricky issues, or procedural uncertainties in this
regard, please don't hesitate to contact Pekka and I.

Please be aware that we're not focussing on getting things
done for IETF, we're focussing on getting as much done _before_
IETF.

This also includes solutions work.  Currently there's been some
discussion about differences between particular solution flavours.
Now's the time to start resolving the remaining issues on-list.
There are beginning to be implementations, which should assist that.

If we've had a good discussion on-list, it may be possible to consensus
call the solution before IETF.  This would be good, as then the meeting
could be used for outlining and resolving solution specification issues.

I know people are working hard on DNA.

Let's focus on getting the specifications out.

Greg




From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au Thu Jun 30 01:10:50 2005
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Date: Thu, 30 Jun 2005 15:08:22 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: [DNA] Landmark Options variable size?
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Hi,

In my implementation I overlooked the fact that Landmark options are
supposed to be 16 octets if the prefix length is less than 64, and
24 octets otherwise.

Currently the format for the DNA option is 16 (+1 for plen) octets per
prefix, using DNA option variant 1
(http://webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au/~warchive/dna/2005-05/msg00063.html)

Should the existing landmark option format also be fixed size: 24 octets
(16 of which are prefix)?

There's a possibility we need to revisit the DNAO format because of
this.

I'd like to get peoples' impressions.

Greg



From dna-owner@webcamserver.eng.monash.edu.au Thu Jun 30 23:45:53 2005
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From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [DNA] Lead up to IETF63
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Hi Alper,

Thanks for the update.

Alper Yegin wrote:
> 
> Re: draft-ietf-dna-link-information-01
> 
> Most of the issues from Pekka/Bernard reviews and other mailing list
> discussions are resolved. I'm waiting for the resolution of some .11 and
> 3GPP issues from the co-authors. Meanwhile, the integration of the 802.3
> text is ongoing. I'll submit the I-D next week (with whatever I have at
> hand).
> 
> Alper
> 



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Date: Thu, 30 Jun 2005 14:31:28 -0700
From: Alper Yegin <alper.yegin@samsung.com>
Subject: RE: [DNA] Lead up to IETF63
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Re: draft-ietf-dna-link-information-01

Most of the issues from Pekka/Bernard reviews and other mailing list
discussions are resolved. I'm waiting for the resolution of some .11 and
3GPP issues from the co-authors. Meanwhile, the integration of the 802.3
text is ongoing. I'll submit the I-D next week (with whatever I have at
hand).

Alper





> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au [mailto:owner-
> dna@ecselists.eng.monash.edu.au] On Behalf Of Greg Daley
> Sent: Wednesday, June 29, 2005 5:20 PM
> To: dna@eng.monash.edu.au
> Cc: Pekka Nikander
> Subject: [DNA] Lead up to IETF63
> 
> Hi,
> 
> 
> In the lead up to IETF 63, Pekka and I would like to focus
> the working group on issue resolution, in order to progress
> towards document completion.
> 
> In that vein, we'll be trying to run the (one) session at
> Paris focussed on issue resolution.  For that we need remaining
> (and new) issues to be identified beforehand.
> 
> For the following Working Group documents, it would be
> good to know which issues are resolved (and how :)
> 
> draft-ietf-dna-cpl-00
> draft-ietf-dna-hosts-00
> draft-ietf-dna-link-information-01
> draft-ietf-dna-soln-frame-00
> draft-narayanan-dna-routers-bcp-00 (accepted)
> 
> Please update us with the expected submission dates, so
> we have enough time that the WG can agree to the changes,
> and attempt to get external review (or closure on existing reviews).
> 
> If you're an author or editor on one of these drafts, and
> have tricky issues, or procedural uncertainties in this
> regard, please don't hesitate to contact Pekka and I.
> 
> Please be aware that we're not focussing on getting things
> done for IETF, we're focussing on getting as much done _before_
> IETF.
> 
> This also includes solutions work.  Currently there's been some
> discussion about differences between particular solution flavours.
> Now's the time to start resolving the remaining issues on-list.
> There are beginning to be implementations, which should assist that.
> 
> If we've had a good discussion on-list, it may be possible to
consensus
> call the solution before IETF.  This would be good, as then the
meeting
> could be used for outlining and resolving solution specification
issues.
> 
> I know people are working hard on DNA.
> 
> Let's focus on getting the specifications out.
> 
> Greg
> 





