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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the EAP Method Update Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: The EAP TLS Authentication Protocol
	Author(s)	: D. Simon, B. Aboba
	Filename	: draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis-06.txt
	Pages		: 30
	Date		: 2007-1-2
	
The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), defined in RFC 3748,
   provides support for multiple authentication methods.  Transport
   Level Security (TLS) provides for mutual authentication, integrity-
   protected ciphersuite negotiation and key exchange between two
   endpoints.  This document defines EAP-TLS, which includes support for
   certificate-based mutual authentication and key derivation.

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Subject: RE: [Emu] WGLC comments for draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis
Date: Mon, 8 Jan 2007 12:00:35 -0800
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Thread-Topic: [Emu] WGLC comments for draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis
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From: "Joseph Salowey \(jsalowey\)" <jsalowey@cisco.com>
To: "Bernard Aboba" <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com>, <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>,
	<emu@ietf.org>
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Hi Bernard,

I'm not sure I understand some of the text below:

<snip>
>    The peer MUST verify the validity of the EAP server=20
> certificate, and
>    SHOULD also examine the Server-id in order to determine whether the
>    EAP server can be trusted.  Even though a server certificate chains
>    to a trust anchor, this does not necessarily imply that it is valid
>    for connection to a particular network.
>=20
>    Comparing the Server-Id in the certificate to the expected server
>    name limits the damage that will result from an attacker=20
> compromising
>    a server private key.  If the peer does not check the=20
> Server-Id, then
>    the peer would accept a compromised server certificate chaining to
>    any of the configured trust anchors.
>=20

[Joe] If the server key is compromised then it seems checking the
server-ID will not help discover this or limit damage. =20

>    The peer MAY also test whether the EAP server certificate is signed
>    by a CA controlling the destination network and whether=20
> the Server-Id
>    matches the format expected for that network.  For example, an EAP
>    peer connecting to the "EXAMPLE" SSID may check whether=20
> the Server-Id
>    matches the regular expression "*.example.com", in addition to
>    checking whether the server certificate chains to the=20
> example.com CA."
>=20
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> -----------------------------------------
> >From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
> >To: <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com>, <emu@ietf.org>
> >Subject: RE: [Emu] WGLC comments for draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis
> >Date: Wed, 13 Dec 2006 09:52:13 +0200
> >
> >Thanks for handling my comments so quickly! (If every author=20
> had this=20
> >fast turnaround times, IETF would get documents to RFCs in a=20
> fraction=20
> >of current time... :-)
> >
> >About 1: the figure in 2.6 is not quite right yet. There should be a=20
> >finished message after the first change_cipher_spec sent by=20
> the server,=20
> >and the certificate/server_key_exchange messages after the second=20
> >server_hello are not optional.
> >
> >About 2: I'd further suggest rephrasing the last two paragraphs of
> >2.1.1 along these lines (basic case first, session=20
> resumption second):
> >
> >    If the peer supports EAP-TLS and is configured to use it, it MUST
> >    respond to the EAP-Request with an EAP-Response packet of EAP-
> >    Type=3DEAP-TLS.  If the preceding server_hello message sent by =
the
> >    EAP server in the preceeding EAP-Request packet did not indicate
> >    the resumption of a previous session, the data field of=20
> this packet
> >    MUST encapsulate one or more TLS records containing a TLS
> >    client_key_exchange, change_cipher_spec and finished=20
> messages.  If
> >    the EAP server sent a certificate_request message in the=20
> preceding
> >    EAP-Request packet, then unless the peer is configured=20
> for privacy
> >    (see Section 2.6) the peer MUST send, in addition,=20
> certificate and
> >    certificate_verify messages.  The former contains a=20
> certificate for
> >    the peer's signature public key, while the latter contains the
> >    peer's signed authentication response to the EAP server.  After
> >    receiving this packet, the EAP server will verify the peer's
> >    certificate and digital signature, if requested.
> >
> >    If the preceding server_hello message sent by the EAP=20
> server in the
> >    preceding EAP-Request packet indicated the resumption of=20
> a previous
> >    session, then the peer MUST send only the change_cipher_spec and
> >    finished handshake messages.  The finished message contains the
> >    peer's authentication response to the EAP server.
> >
> >(And maybe Section 2.6 could be moved to 2.1.4?)
> >
> >About 7: This one is not there yet.
> >
> >About 9: The document still doesn't specify=20
> mandatory-to-implement TLS=20
> >version (which is required in addition to=20
> mandatory-to-implement cipher=20
> >suite to get interoperability).
> >
> >About 11: The S bit was removed from the bit diagram, but=20
> the text "The=20
> >S bit (EAP-TLS start) is set in an EAP-TLS Start message" is still=20
> >there.
> >
> >Best regards,
> >Pasi
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: ext Bernard Aboba [mailto:bernard_aboba@hotmail.com]
> > > Sent: 13 December, 2006 01:55
> > > To: Eronen Pasi (Nokia-NRC/Helsinki); emu@ietf.org
> > > Subject: RE: [Emu] WGLC comments for draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis
> > >
> > > I think I have now incorporated most of these comments into a=20
> > > strawman -06 document:
> > >=20
> http://www.drizzle.com/~aboba/EMU/draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis-06.txt
> > >
> > > Let me know if I've missed something.
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >Emu mailing list
> >Emu@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/emu
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Emu mailing list
> Emu@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/emu
>=20

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the EAP Method Update Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: EAP Generalized Pre-Shared Key (EAP-GPSK)
	Author(s)	: C. Clancy, H. Tschofenig
	Filename	: draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt
	Pages		: 30
	Date		: 2007-1-8
	
This Internet Draft defines an Extensible Authentication Protocol
   method called EAP Generalized Pre-Shared Key (EAP-GPSK).  This method
   is a lightweight shared-key authentication protocol supporting mutual
   authentication and key derivation.

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the EAP Method Update Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: EAP Generalized Pre-Shared Key (EAP-GPSK)
	Author(s)	: C. Clancy, H. Tschofenig
	Filename	: draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt
	Pages		: 30
	Date		: 2007-1-8
	
This Internet Draft defines an Extensible Authentication Protocol
   method called EAP Generalized Pre-Shared Key (EAP-GPSK).  This method
   is a lightweight shared-key authentication protocol supporting mutual
   authentication and key derivation.

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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 08 22:39:26 2007
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On Mon, Jan 08, 2007 at 03:50:02PM -0500, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:

> 	Title		: EAP Generalized Pre-Shared Key (EAP-GPSK)
> 	Author(s)	: C. Clancy, H. Tschofenig
> 	Filename	: draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt

Some comments..

General

- How long are the random values? 16 octets? 32 octets?
  * I assumed they were 32 octets (256 bits), but the draft is in
    conflict with itself..
  * 2. Terminology: 16 octets (this was 256 bits in -00)
  * 7.3. Payload Formatting: 32 octets
  * 9.4. Replay Protection: 16 octets
  * 9.8. Denial of Service Resistance: 16 octets


2.  Terminology

- MSK and EMSK were changed from 512 bits (64 octets) to 32 octets
  * Why?
  * Other EAP methods use 64 octet MSK and EMSK, so I hope this was
    just an accident and the purpose was only to move from bits to
    octets:  s/32 octets/64 octets/
  * Similar change in 4.  Key Derivation (though, that section is also
    using 64 octets.. only Figure 2 is incorrect; s/32-octet/64-octet/)


3.  Overview

- Order of CSuite_Sel and CSuite_List in GPSK-2 was reversed
  * Why?
  * 7.3.  Payload Formatting is still using the previous order, i.e.,
    CSuite_List before CSuite_Sel; in other words, there is now conflict
    between sections 3 and 7.3 on the order of these fields


5.  Ciphersuites

- definitions of GKDF-X(Y, Z) was changed, but some cleanup missing
  * 'X' is not used anymore as an input to hash function and because
    of this, there is no need to say that it is repredsented as a
    2-octet value in network byte order:
    s/'i' and 'X' in M_i are represented as 2-octet values/
      'i' is represented as 2-octet value/


6.1.1.  Encryption

- CBC is mentioned to require an IV
  * However, there is no definition on where this IV is coming from or
    how it is to be transmitted to the other party
  * How exactly is this supposed to work?


8.  Packet Processing Rules

- typo: s/receving/receiving/

- "(i.e. an EAP client receiving GPSK-3 before receving GPSK-1 or before
   transmitting GPSK-2)"
  * isn't that more of an example (e.g.) than the only possible case
    (i.e.)?
  * s/i.e./e.g./

- "GPSK-1 contains no MAC protection, so provided it properly parses, it
  MUST be accepted by the client."
  * MUST??
  * What if CSuite_List in GPSK-1 does not include any supported
    cipher?

- s/EAP-NACK/EAP-Nak/ to match with "Nak" spelling in RFC 3748

- "A client receiving a GPSK-Fail or GPSK-Protected-Fail message in
  response to a GPSK-2 message MUST either transmit an EAP-Failure
  message and end the session"
  * Success and Failure messages are sent by authenticator, not
    peer
  * This should probably be changed to say that client (peer) is sending
    back GPSK-Fail / GPSK-Protected-Fail, not EAP-Failure, to
    acknowledge failure; this will be followed by the authenticator
    sending EAP-Failure

- "For GPSK-3, a client MUST silently discard any packet containing
  whose RAND_Client, RAND_Server, or CSuite_Sel fields do match those
  transmitted in GPSK-2."
  * There's something wrong with this sentence..
    s/whose //
    s/do match/that do not match/


9.4. Replay Protection

- typo: s/RAND_P/RAND_Client/


9.8. Denial of Service Resistance

- typo: s/RAND_S/RAND_Server/


-- 
Jouni Malinen                                            PGP id EFC895FA

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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 08 22:41:15 2007
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> >    Comparing the Server-Id in the certificate to the expected server
> >    name limits the damage that will result from an attacker compromising
> >    a server private key.  If the peer does not check the Server-Id, then
> >    the peer would accept a compromised server certificate chaining to
> >    any of the configured trust anchors.
> >
>
>[Joe] If the server key is compromised then it seems checking the
>server-ID will not help discover this or limit damage.

Maybe this should have been "compromising a trust anchor private key".  I 
think the idea was to prevent a compromise of a trust anchor from enabling 
attackers to carry out "rogue authenticator" attacks across the board.



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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 08 23:09:24 2007
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On Mon, Jan 08, 2007 at 07:39:06PM -0800, Jouni Malinen wrote:
> > 	Title		: EAP Generalized Pre-Shared Key (EAP-GPSK)
> > 	Author(s)	: C. Clancy, H. Tschofenig
> > 	Filename	: draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt
> 
> Some comments..

And one more..

5.  Ciphersuites

GKDF-X(Y, Z) was modified to use "Hash-Function" instead of MAC_Y.
However, there does not seem to be any definition on which hash function
is used here.. SHA-1 is mentioned as a required function and "SHAs" are
recommended (whatever that means; SHA-256 and friends?), but the
ciphersuite does not include information on which hash function is to be
used here. Previously, this was covered by the "Integrity" column of
Figure 3. Should the ciphersuite table be extended to define the hash
function for GKDF now?

In addition, this "SHA-1" here is the only need use of SHA-1 for
EAP-GPSK. Do we really need it? Was this done because of possible NIST
issues with the use of AES-CMAC for KDF?

-- 
Jouni Malinen                                            PGP id EFC895FA

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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 09 07:17:29 2007
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Jouni,

In the last draft I tried to make all the terminology consistent by 
using octets for everything instead of bits and bytes.  Apparently I 
can't properly divide by 8, and introduced a bunch of inconsistencies.

Thanks for all your additional comments.  We'll try to get them all 
resolved ASAP.

-- 
t. charles clancy, ph.d.  |  tcc@umd.edu  |  www.cs.umd.edu/~clancy

Jouni Malinen wrote:
> On Mon, Jan 08, 2007 at 03:50:02PM -0500, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
> 
>> 	Title		: EAP Generalized Pre-Shared Key (EAP-GPSK)
>> 	Author(s)	: C. Clancy, H. Tschofenig
>> 	Filename	: draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt
> 
> Some comments..
> 
> General
> 
> - How long are the random values? 16 octets? 32 octets?
>   * I assumed they were 32 octets (256 bits), but the draft is in
>     conflict with itself..
>   * 2. Terminology: 16 octets (this was 256 bits in -00)
>   * 7.3. Payload Formatting: 32 octets
>   * 9.4. Replay Protection: 16 octets
>   * 9.8. Denial of Service Resistance: 16 octets
> 
> 
> 2.  Terminology
> 
> - MSK and EMSK were changed from 512 bits (64 octets) to 32 octets
>   * Why?
>   * Other EAP methods use 64 octet MSK and EMSK, so I hope this was
>     just an accident and the purpose was only to move from bits to
>     octets:  s/32 octets/64 octets/
>   * Similar change in 4.  Key Derivation (though, that section is also
>     using 64 octets.. only Figure 2 is incorrect; s/32-octet/64-octet/)
> 
> 
> 3.  Overview
> 
> - Order of CSuite_Sel and CSuite_List in GPSK-2 was reversed
>   * Why?
>   * 7.3.  Payload Formatting is still using the previous order, i.e.,
>     CSuite_List before CSuite_Sel; in other words, there is now conflict
>     between sections 3 and 7.3 on the order of these fields
> 
> 
> 5.  Ciphersuites
> 
> - definitions of GKDF-X(Y, Z) was changed, but some cleanup missing
>   * 'X' is not used anymore as an input to hash function and because
>     of this, there is no need to say that it is repredsented as a
>     2-octet value in network byte order:
>     s/'i' and 'X' in M_i are represented as 2-octet values/
>       'i' is represented as 2-octet value/
> 
> 
> 6.1.1.  Encryption
> 
> - CBC is mentioned to require an IV
>   * However, there is no definition on where this IV is coming from or
>     how it is to be transmitted to the other party
>   * How exactly is this supposed to work?
> 
> 
> 8.  Packet Processing Rules
> 
> - typo: s/receving/receiving/
> 
> - "(i.e. an EAP client receiving GPSK-3 before receving GPSK-1 or before
>    transmitting GPSK-2)"
>   * isn't that more of an example (e.g.) than the only possible case
>     (i.e.)?
>   * s/i.e./e.g./
> 
> - "GPSK-1 contains no MAC protection, so provided it properly parses, it
>   MUST be accepted by the client."
>   * MUST??
>   * What if CSuite_List in GPSK-1 does not include any supported
>     cipher?
> 
> - s/EAP-NACK/EAP-Nak/ to match with "Nak" spelling in RFC 3748
> 
> - "A client receiving a GPSK-Fail or GPSK-Protected-Fail message in
>   response to a GPSK-2 message MUST either transmit an EAP-Failure
>   message and end the session"
>   * Success and Failure messages are sent by authenticator, not
>     peer
>   * This should probably be changed to say that client (peer) is sending
>     back GPSK-Fail / GPSK-Protected-Fail, not EAP-Failure, to
>     acknowledge failure; this will be followed by the authenticator
>     sending EAP-Failure
> 
> - "For GPSK-3, a client MUST silently discard any packet containing
>   whose RAND_Client, RAND_Server, or CSuite_Sel fields do match those
>   transmitted in GPSK-2."
>   * There's something wrong with this sentence..
>     s/whose //
>     s/do match/that do not match/
> 
> 
> 9.4. Replay Protection
> 
> - typo: s/RAND_P/RAND_Client/
> 
> 
> 9.8. Denial of Service Resistance
> 
> - typo: s/RAND_S/RAND_Server/
> 
> 

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> > >    Comparing the Server-Id in the certificate to the=20
> expected server
> > >    name limits the damage that will result from an=20
> attacker compromising
> > >    a server private key.  If the peer does not check the=20
> Server-Id, then
> > >    the peer would accept a compromised server certificate=20
> chaining to
> > >    any of the configured trust anchors.
> > >
> >
> >[Joe] If the server key is compromised then it seems checking the=20
> >server-ID will not help discover this or limit damage.
>=20
> Maybe this should have been "compromising a trust anchor=20
> private key".  I think the idea was to prevent a compromise=20
> of a trust anchor from enabling attackers to carry out "rogue=20
> authenticator" attacks across the board.

[Joe] I don't think so, since a compromised trust anchor is a bigger
problem.  This text appears to mostly deal with authorization issues.
Here is a proposal for some modifications to the text:

In section 5.2, we may want to rethink the recommendation to use the TLS
WWW EKU, I'm not sure it is appropriate. Right now I suggest we remove
this paragraph. The text for the rest of the section could be replaced
by the following text.=20

"Once the endpoints of the EAP-TLS conversation have been authenticated
and have had their certificates validated they then must be authorized.
The authorization process makes use of the contents of the certificates
as well as other contextual information.  While authorization
requirements will vary from deployment to deployment it is RECOMMENDED
that implementations be able to authorize based on the EAP Peer and EAP
Server identities defined above.=20

Certificate extensions for use with EAP-TLS are discussed in
"Certificate Extensions and Attributes Supporting Authentication in
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN)"
[RFC4334].  These extensions enable certificate usage to be restricted
to use with lower layers such as PPP or IEEE 802.11.  An EAP-TLS
implementation MAY make these and other certificate fields available to
the lower layer.

Since authorization based on specific identities may not scale well in a
large environment implementations may make use of other fields in the
certificate.  For example an implementation may be configured to accept
all certificates issued by a CA with a certain name format as trusted.
In another example the peer may test whether the EAP server certificate
is signed by a CA controlling the destination network and whether the
Server-Id matches the format expected for that network.  For example, an
EAP peer connecting to the "EXAMPLE" SSID may check whether the
Server-Id matches the regular expression "*.example.com", in addition to
checking whether the server certificate chains to the example.com CA.
However, it is important to realize that any certificate matching the
above criteria will be authorized, so this method should only be used in
environments where this is guaranteed to be accurate."



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It seems that most of the issues brought up in last call are resolved or
nearly resolved in draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis-06.txt.  The one area
where we need more discussion is section 5.2 on certificate usage.
Below are the remaining open issue I have tracked with this section,
please indicate if there are others with this section or other sections
that I have missed. =20

1. Use of TLS-WWW EKU=20

The question was raised that the TLS WWW EKU may not be appropriate for
EAP-TLS.  The suggestion was made to remove the text on EKU.  Are
members of the working group in favor of removing this text?=20

2. Discussion of naming

This section recommends

"Where the subjectAltName field is present, the Peer-Id or Server-Id
is set to the contents of the subjectAltName.  If subject naming
information is present only in the subject field, then the Peer-Id or
Server-Id is set to the Distinguished Name (DN)."=20

It is possible that more than one subjectAltName may be present in a
certificate.  Are there any rules as to how this is represented as a
Peer name?  Also would it be more consistent to use the DN unless it is
empty? =20

3. Discussion of authorization

The later part of this section seems to discuss authorization.  A
suggestion for revised text was made in
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/emu/current/msg00309.html.  Does
the suggested text convey the necessary information?=20


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>1. Use of TLS-WWW EKU
>
>The question was raised that the TLS WWW EKU may not be appropriate for
>EAP-TLS.  The suggestion was made to remove the text on EKU.  Are
>members of the working group in favor of removing this text?

There are a number of EAP-TLS implementations that require TLS WWW EKUs (or 
any).  So in practice an implementation needs to understand that or it may 
not interoperate.  It also occurs to me that there could be some security 
issues that would surface.  For example, if there is no indication that an 
EAP-TLS server is authorized for that function (e.g. if it doesn't contain a 
TLS WWW server EKU or any), then any machine possessing an EAP-TLS client 
certificate chaining to a trust anchor could use that certiciate to act as 
an EAP-TLS server (assuming that the NASes were configured to trust it).  It 
seems like this could make it easier to put up a rogue NAS.

With respect to the RFC 4334 OIDs, I'm ok with removing mention of them.  
There are no existing implementations, and as a result, there should be no 
expectation that EAP-TLS clients or servers will understand these 
extensions.  It seems like these OIDs are problematic since they don't 
correspond to values of the NAS-Port-Type attribute, and therefore can't be 
compared to NAS-Port-Type values by implementations that don't understand 
them.

>2. Discussion of naming
>
>This section recommends
>
>"Where the subjectAltName field is present, the Peer-Id or Server-Id
>is set to the contents of the subjectAltName.  If subject naming
>information is present only in the subject field, then the Peer-Id or
>Server-Id is set to the Distinguished Name (DN)."
>
>It is possible that more than one subjectAltName may be present in a
>certificate.  Are there any rules as to how this is represented as a
>Peer name?  Also would it be more consistent to use the DN unless it is
>empty?

Can someone descirbe a case where there would be more than one 
subjectAltName in a certificate?
I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around this case.

>3. Discussion of authorization
>
>The later part of this section seems to discuss authorization.  A
>suggestion for revised text was made in
>http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/emu/current/msg00309.html.  Does
>the suggested text convey the necessary information?

I'd suggest that the rest of the section include the following text (missing 
the RFC 4334 discussion):

"Once the endpoints of the EAP-TLS conversation have been authenticated
and have had their certificates validated they then must be authorized.
The authorization process makes use of the contents of the certificates
as well as other contextual information.  While authorization
requirements will vary from deployment to deployment it is RECOMMENDED
that implementations be able to authorize based on the EAP Peer and EAP
Server identities defined above.

Since authorization based on specific identities may not scale well in a
large environment implementations may make use of other fields in the
certificate.  For example an implementation may be configured to accept
all certificates issued by a CA with a certain name format as trusted.
In another example the peer may test whether the EAP server certificate
is signed by a CA controlling the destination network and whether the
Server-Id matches the format expected for that network.  For example, an
EAP peer connecting to the "EXAMPLE" SSID may check whether the
Server-Id matches the regular expression "*.example.com", in addition to
checking whether the server certificate chains to the example.com CA.
However, it is important to realize that any certificate matching the
above criteria will be authorized, so this method should only be used in
environments where this is guaranteed to be accurate."



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Subject: RE: [Emu] Open issues with draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis-06.txt
Date: Wed, 17 Jan 2007 12:06:10 -0800
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To: "Bernard Aboba" <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com>, <emu@ietf.org>
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=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bernard Aboba [mailto:bernard_aboba@hotmail.com]=20
> Sent: Tuesday, January 16, 2007 7:41 PM
> To: Joseph Salowey (jsalowey); emu@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Emu] Open issues with draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis-06.txt
>=20
> >1. Use of TLS-WWW EKU
> >
> >The question was raised that the TLS WWW EKU may not be=20
> appropriate for=20
> >EAP-TLS.  The suggestion was made to remove the text on EKU.  Are=20
> >members of the working group in favor of removing this text?
>=20
> There are a number of EAP-TLS implementations that require=20
> TLS WWW EKUs (or any).  So in practice an implementation=20
> needs to understand that or it may not interoperate.  It also=20
> occurs to me that there could be some security issues that=20
> would surface.  For example, if there is no indication that=20
> an EAP-TLS server is authorized for that function (e.g. if it=20
> doesn't contain a TLS WWW server EKU or any), then any=20
> machine possessing an EAP-TLS client certificate chaining to=20
> a trust anchor could use that certiciate to act as an EAP-TLS=20
> server (assuming that the NASes were configured to trust it).=20
>  It seems like this could make it easier to put up a rogue NAS.
>=20

[Joe] It also seems that there are the same type of security issues with
using the TLS WWW EKUs.  There are the same certificates that are issued
to web servers.   However the TLS WWW server EKU at least differentiates
between the server and client role.  How about including:

"Some deployments may require the presence of client and server
authentication extended key usage extensions in certificates.  Client
implementations wishing to interoperate in these environments SHOULD
check the server's certificate for an Extended Key Usage field
implementations id-kp-serverAuth (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1) or the special
keyPurposeID anyExtendedKeyUsage.  Server implementations wishing to
interoperate in this environment SHOULD check the client's certificate
for an Extended Key Usage field containing id-kp-clientAuth
(1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2) or the special keyPurposeID anyExtendedKeyUsage.
Note that these key usage extension identifiers for server and client
authentication are somewhat generic and may not be sufficient to
authorize an entity's role specifically as an EAP-TLS client or server."



> With respect to the RFC 4334 OIDs, I'm ok with removing=20
> mention of them. =20
> There are no existing implementations, and as a result, there=20
> should be no expectation that EAP-TLS clients or servers will=20
> understand these extensions.  It seems like these OIDs are=20
> problematic since they don't correspond to values of the=20
> NAS-Port-Type attribute, and therefore can't be compared to=20
> NAS-Port-Type values by implementations that don't understand them.
>=20
[Joe] OK=20

> >2. Discussion of naming
> >
> >This section recommends
> >
> >"Where the subjectAltName field is present, the Peer-Id or=20
> Server-Id is=20
> >set to the contents of the subjectAltName.  If subject naming=20
> >information is present only in the subject field, then the=20
> Peer-Id or=20
> >Server-Id is set to the Distinguished Name (DN)."
> >
> >It is possible that more than one subjectAltName may be present in a=20
> >certificate.  Are there any rules as to how this is represented as a=20
> >Peer name?  Also would it be more consistent to use the DN=20
> unless it is=20
> >empty?
>=20
> Can someone descirbe a case where there would be more than=20
> one subjectAltName in a certificate?
> I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around this case.
>=20
[Joe] The subjectAltName may contain a host name as DNSName and a
manufacturing serial number as an OtherName or perhaps it may contain a
UPN and a SIP URI.=20

> >3. Discussion of authorization
> >
> >The later part of this section seems to discuss authorization.  A=20
> >suggestion for revised text was made in=20
> >http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/emu/current/msg00309.ht
> ml.  Does=20
> >the suggested text convey the necessary information?
>=20
> I'd suggest that the rest of the section include the=20
> following text (missing the RFC 4334 discussion):
>=20
> "Once the endpoints of the EAP-TLS conversation have been=20
> authenticated and have had their certificates validated they=20
> then must be authorized.
> The authorization process makes use of the contents of the=20
> certificates as well as other contextual information.  While=20
> authorization requirements will vary from deployment to=20
> deployment it is RECOMMENDED that implementations be able to=20
> authorize based on the EAP Peer and EAP Server identities=20
> defined above.
>=20
> Since authorization based on specific identities may not=20
> scale well in a large environment implementations may make=20
> use of other fields in the certificate.  For example an=20
> implementation may be configured to accept all certificates=20
> issued by a CA with a certain name format as trusted.
> In another example the peer may test whether the EAP server=20
> certificate is signed by a CA controlling the destination=20
> network and whether the Server-Id matches the format expected=20
> for that network.  For example, an EAP peer connecting to the=20
> "EXAMPLE" SSID may check whether the Server-Id matches the=20
> regular expression "*.example.com", in addition to checking=20
> whether the server certificate chains to the example.com CA.
> However, it is important to realize that any certificate=20
> matching the above criteria will be authorized, so this=20
> method should only be used in environments where this is=20
> guaranteed to be accurate."
>=20

[Joe] OK

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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Thu Jan 18 15:40:05 2007
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Subject: [Emu] Questions on draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt
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Hi Tom/Hannes,

I just have a couple of questions/comments regarding 
draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt:

o  In the terminology section, the last sentence of SEC_X(Y) definition 
is "SEC_X(Y) = Y|MAC_X(Y)". Maybe it should be "SEC_X(Y) = Y || 
MAC_X(Y)" instead.

o  In Sec 8., 3rd paragraph:

 "GPSK-1 contains no MAC protection, so provided it properly parses, it
  MUST be accepted by the client. If the EAP client decides the
  ID_Server is that of a AAA server to which it does not wish to
  authenticate, the EAP client should respond with an EAP-NACK."

Should this also provision for the case where the client is unable to
support any of the ciphers in CSuite_List of GPSK-1 ? In such a case
is it proper for the client to just send an EAP-NACK ?

o  In Sec 8., 4th paragraph:

  "For GPSK-2, if ID_Client is for an unknown user, the EAP server MUST
   send either a "PSK Not Found" GPSK-Fail message, or an
   "Authentication Failure" GPSK-Fail, depending on its policy, and
   discard the received packet.  If the MAC validation fails, the server
   MUST transmit a GPSK-Fail message specifying "Authentication
   Failure". and discard the received packet.  If the RAND_Server or
   CSuite_List field in GPSK-2 does not match the values in GPSK-1, the
   server MUST silently discard the packet.  If server policy determines
   the client is not authorized and the MAC is correct, the server MUST
   transmit a GPSK-Protected-Fail message indicating "Authorization
   Failure" and discard the received packet."

In the case of "Authentication Failure" where the user is unknown or MAC
is not correct maybe EAP_FAILURE is better (???) rather than GPSK-Fail
since the failure is severe enough to warrant a method failure ?

Should the CSuite_List in GPSK-2 be equivalent to CSuite_List in GPSK-1 ?
Maybe I have the wrong impression but I thought the idea is auth sends
a CSuite_List to peer and peer selects a supported CSuite denoted by
CSuite_Sel. If this is the case we may not need CSuite_List in GPSK-2.
Also, if CSuite_Sel does not match any value in CSuite_List in GPSK-1
then auth can send GPSK-Fail.

o  In Sec 8, 5th paragraph:

  "A client receiving a GPSK-Fail or GPSK-Protected-Fail message in
   response to a GPSK-2 message MUST either transmit an EAP-Failure
   message and end the session, ... "

I'm probably missing something but is the client allowed to send EAP-Failure ?

regards,
victor


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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Fri Jan 19 02:02:18 2007
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Subject: [Emu] Removal of key strength table in RFC 2716bis
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On the EAP WG list, Lakshminath Dondeti has pointed out the problems with 
including a copy of the RFC 3766 Key Strength table in another document:

"Section 3.7 has a copy of the attack resistance table from RFC 3766.  It
is sufficient to provide a reference to that RFC.  There is no need to
reproduce the table in the eap-keying document.  In fact, if 3766 is
updated, the eap keying draft also needs to be updated; if 3766 is
simply referenced, the problem goes away."

This same argument can be made to remove the key strength table from RFC 
2716bis.  My recommendation is to change Note [3] in Section 5.1 to the 
following, removing the table:

   [3] BCP 86 [RFC3766] Section 5 offers advice on the required RSA or
   DH module and DSA subgroup size in bits, for a given level of attack
   resistance in bits.  For example, a 2048-bit RSA key is recommended to 
provide
   128-bit equivalent key strength.  The National Institute for
   Standards and Technology (NIST) also offers advice on appropriate key
   sizes in [SP800-57].



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From: "Bernard Aboba" <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com>
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>How about including:
>
>"Some deployments may require the presence of client and server
>authentication extended key usage extensions in certificates.  Client
>implementations wishing to interoperate in these environments SHOULD
>check the server's certificate for an Extended Key Usage field
>implementations id-kp-serverAuth (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1) or the special
>keyPurposeID anyExtendedKeyUsage.  Server implementations wishing to
>interoperate in this environment SHOULD check the client's certificate
>for an Extended Key Usage field containing id-kp-clientAuth
>(1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2) or the special keyPurposeID anyExtendedKeyUsage.
>Note that these key usage extension identifiers for server and client
>authentication are somewhat generic and may not be sufficient to
>authorize an entity's role specifically as an EAP-TLS client or server."

Looks good.


> > Can someone descirbe a case where there would be more than
> > one subjectAltName in a certificate?
> > I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around this case.
> >
>[Joe] The subjectAltName may contain a host name as DNSName and a
>manufacturing serial number as an OtherName or perhaps it may contain a
>UPN and a SIP URI.

Any recommendations on what we should say about this?



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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Sat Jan 20 22:54:04 2007
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Bernard Aboba wrote:
>> How about including:
>>
>> "Some deployments may require the presence of client and server
>> authentication extended key usage extensions in certificates.  Client
>> implementations wishing to interoperate in these environments SHOULD
>> check the server's certificate for an Extended Key Usage field
>> implementations id-kp-serverAuth (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1) or the special
>> keyPurposeID anyExtendedKeyUsage.  Server implementations wishing to
>> interoperate in this environment SHOULD check the client's certificate
>> for an Extended Key Usage field containing id-kp-clientAuth
>> (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2) or the special keyPurposeID anyExtendedKeyUsage.
>> Note that these key usage extension identifiers for server and client
>> authentication are somewhat generic and may not be sufficient to
>> authorize an entity's role specifically as an EAP-TLS client or server."
> 
> Looks good.

What about RFC 4334?

-- 
t. charles clancy, ph.d.  <>  tcc@umd.edu  <>  www.cs.umd.edu/~clancy


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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Sun Jan 21 12:30:45 2007
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>What about RFC 4334?

As far as I know, no EAP-TLS implementation supports RFC 4334 and I don't 
think we should be encouraging implementers to support it.

The OIDs defined in RFC 4334 do not correspond to values of the 
NAS-Port-Type attribute, so the backend authentication server certificate 
handling code would need to be updated everytime a new value were to be 
assigned; the AAA server can't just check that the NAS-Port-Type attribute 
includes a value that matches one of the OIDs in the client certificate.  
Similarly, client code would need to be updated every time a new EAP lower 
layer was defined, since the client would need to check if the server 
certificate contained an OID allowing it to be used to authorize a given EAP 
lower layer.

As a result, I think that RFC 4334 compromises the ability of EAP-TLS to run 
over any suitable lower layer without code changes.



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From emu-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 22 12:14:49 2007
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Subject: Re: [Emu] Open issues with draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis-06.txt
From: "Charles Clancy" <clancy@cs.umd.edu>
To: "Bernard Aboba" <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com>
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On Sun, January 21, 2007 12:30 pm, Bernard Aboba wrote:
>>What about RFC 4334?
>
> The OIDs defined in RFC 4334 do not correspond to values of the
> NAS-Port-Type attribute, so the backend authentication server certificate
> handling code would need to be updated everytime a new value were to be
> assigned; the AAA server can't just check that the NAS-Port-Type attribute
> includes a value that matches one of the OIDs in the client certificate.
> Similarly, client code would need to be updated every time a new EAP lower
> layer was defined, since the client would need to check if the server
> certificate contained an OID allowing it to be used to authorize a given
> EAP
> lower layer.

So your objection is that essentially different lower layers have been
hard-coded into 4334 (PPP and EAPoL), and consequently into the cert
handling code, such that new RFCs and new code would be required to
support EAP over different L2/L3 technologies?

I can see that as an objection to the fundamental approach, and a reason
to possibly not support future EKUs for other lower layers, but not as a
reason to not support the currently-defined EKUs.  If implementers are
rev-ing their EAP-TLS code for 2716bis compliance, this would be a good
time to roll in these changes.

I'd think a statement like "When EAP-TLS is used with WLANs, support for
WLAN-specific EKUs [RFC 4334] is RECOMMENDED to improve certificiate-based
authorization of EAP clients and servers" would be appropriate.

-- 
t. charles clancy, ph.d.  <>  tcc@umd.edu  <>  www.cs.umd.edu/~clancy



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Subject: Re: [Emu] Questions on draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt
From: "Charles Clancy" <clancy@cs.umd.edu>
To: "Victor Fajardo" <vfajardo@tari.toshiba.com>
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On Thu, January 18, 2007 3:39 pm, Victor Fajardo wrote:
> Hi Tom/Hannes,
>
> I just have a couple of questions/comments regarding
> draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt:
>
> o  In the terminology section, the last sentence of SEC_X(Y) definition
> is "SEC_X(Y) = Y|MAC_X(Y)". Maybe it should be "SEC_X(Y) = Y ||
> MAC_X(Y)" instead.

Yes.


> o  In Sec 8., 3rd paragraph:
>
>  "GPSK-1 contains no MAC protection, so provided it properly parses, it
>   MUST be accepted by the client. If the EAP client decides the
>   ID_Server is that of a AAA server to which it does not wish to
>   authenticate, the EAP client should respond with an EAP-NACK."
>
> Should this also provision for the case where the client is unable to
> support any of the ciphers in CSuite_List of GPSK-1 ? In such a case
> is it proper for the client to just send an EAP-NACK ?

There is a mandatory-to-implement cipher, so this should never happen.

> o  In Sec 8., 4th paragraph:
>
>   "For GPSK-2, if ID_Client is for an unknown user, the EAP server MUST
>    send either a "PSK Not Found" GPSK-Fail message, or an
>    "Authentication Failure" GPSK-Fail, depending on its policy, and
>    discard the received packet.  If the MAC validation fails, the server
>    MUST transmit a GPSK-Fail message specifying "Authentication
>    Failure". and discard the received packet.  If the RAND_Server or
>    CSuite_List field in GPSK-2 does not match the values in GPSK-1, the
>    server MUST silently discard the packet.  If server policy determines
>    the client is not authorized and the MAC is correct, the server MUST
>    transmit a GPSK-Protected-Fail message indicating "Authorization
>    Failure" and discard the received packet."
>
> In the case of "Authentication Failure" where the user is unknown or MAC
> is not correct maybe EAP_FAILURE is better (???) rather than GPSK-Fail
> since the failure is severe enough to warrant a method failure ?

See the paragraph immediately after the one you quoted:

   A client receiving a GPSK-Fail or GPSK-Protected-Fail message in
   response to a GPSK-2 message MUST either transmit an EAP-Failure
   message and end the session, or retry transmission of GPSK-2,
   attempting to correct whatever failure occured.  If MAC validation on
   a GPSK-Protected-Fail packet fails, then the received packet MUST be
   silently discarded.

The client has the option to send an EAP Failure to end the session and
try another EAP type, or retry EAP-GPSK.

> Should the CSuite_List in GPSK-2 be equivalent to CSuite_List in GPSK-1 ?
> Maybe I have the wrong impression but I thought the idea is auth sends
> a CSuite_List to peer and peer selects a supported CSuite denoted by
> CSuite_Sel. If this is the case we may not need CSuite_List in GPSK-2.
> Also, if CSuite_Sel does not match any value in CSuite_List in GPSK-1
> then auth can send GPSK-Fail.

The reason for sending CSuite_List in GPSK-2 is to authenticate it. 
GPSK-1 has no MAC protection, while GPSK-2 does.  This way the server
knows that the CSuite_List sent in GPSK-1 wasn't altered in transit, which
allows it to detect downgrade attacks.

> o  In Sec 8, 5th paragraph:
>
>   "A client receiving a GPSK-Fail or GPSK-Protected-Fail message in
>    response to a GPSK-2 message MUST either transmit an EAP-Failure
>    message and end the session, ... "
>
> I'm probably missing something but is the client allowed to send
> EAP-Failure ?

I don't see anything in RFC 3748 saying a peer CANNOT send an EAP-Failure,
but perhaps it would be better for GPSK to respond with another
GPSK-Failure message, and then have the sever send the EAP-Failure.

--
t. charles clancy, ph.d.  <>  tcc@umd.edu  <>  www.cs.umd.edu/~clancy

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the EAP Method Update Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: The EAP TLS Authentication Protocol
	Author(s)	: D. Simon, B. Aboba
	Filename	: draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis-07.txt
	Pages		: 30
	Date		: 2007-1-22
	
The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), defined in RFC 3748,
   provides support for multiple authentication methods.  Transport
   Level Security (TLS) provides for mutual authentication, integrity-
   protected ciphersuite negotiation and key exchange between two
   endpoints.  This document defines EAP-TLS, which includes support for
   certificate-based mutual authentication and key derivation.

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>So your objection is that essentially different lower layers have been
>hard-coded into 4334 (PPP and EAPoL), and consequently into the cert
>handling code, such that new RFCs and new code would be required to
>support EAP over different L2/L3 technologies?

The problem is that the RFC 4334 lower layer number space is not 
synchronized with the existing RADIUS NAS-Port-Type space.   On the server 
side, this means that a AAA server could not just compare the NAS-Port-Type 
attribute value with the OIDs in the cert;  it has to have a table mapping 
one to the other.  This would require addition of an OID mapping table to 
the AAA server.  So far, no servers have implemented this, and I suspect 
that they will not do so in the near future.

>I can see that as an objection to the fundamental approach, and a reason
>to possibly not support future EKUs for other lower layers, but not as a
>reason to not support the currently-defined EKUs.  If implementers are
>rev-ing their EAP-TLS code for 2716bis compliance, this would be a good
>time to roll in these changes.

If the approach is not good for the long-term, why should implementers be 
encouraged to embrace it?  This is likely to encourage further requests for 
allocation of RFC 4334 OIDs, creating interoperability problems where none 
existed previously.

>I'd think a statement like "When EAP-TLS is used with WLANs, support for
>WLAN-specific EKUs [RFC 4334] is RECOMMENDED to improve certificiate-based
>authorization of EAP clients and servers" would be appropriate.

RFC 4334 doesn't improve authorization of clients.  Today AAA servers can 
check the NAS-Port-Type attribute and send a Reject if the client is not 
authorized for that medium.  Adding lower layer OIDs to the client 
certificate will not provide more authorization functionality than we 
already have, but will add complexity.

In terms of server authorization, the benefit is unclear to me.  Assuming a 
server is authenticated and appears authorized along other dimensions 
(chains to a trust anchor, has an appropriate name), should a client reject 
it because it lacks the OIDs for the particular form of access involved?  
>From an architectural point of view, EAP-TLS implementations typically leave 
certificate selection to the TLS implementation.  RFC 4334 support could 
require changes to the certificate selection code.

Overall, given the lack of RFC 4334 implementation and the cost/benefit 
ratio going forward, it's probably best to let this "sleeping dog" RFC lie.



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Subject: Re: [Emu] Questions on draft-ietf-emu-eap-gpsk-02.txt
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>I don't see anything in RFC 3748 saying a peer CANNOT send an EAP-Failure,
>but perhaps it would be better for GPSK to respond with another
>GPSK-Failure message, and then have the sever send the EAP-Failure.

RFC 3748 Section 4.1 says:

    The peer MUST send a Response packet in reply to a valid Request packet.

So an EAP peer cannot send an EAP-Failure in response to a Request.   If it 
were to do so, the authenticator would just retransmit the Request, since 
Section 4.1 says:

      The Request packet (Code field set to 1) is sent by the
      authenticator to the peer.  Each Request has a Type field which
      serves to indicate what is being requested.  Additional Request
      packets MUST be sent until a valid Response packet is received, an
      optional retry counter expires, or a lower layer failure
      indication is received.



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Subject: Re: [Emu] Open issues with draft-simon-emu-rfc2716bis-06.txt
From: "Charles Clancy" <clancy@cs.umd.edu>
To: "Bernard Aboba" <bernard_aboba@hotmail.com>
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> In terms of server authorization, the benefit is unclear to me.  Assuming
> a server is authenticated and appears authorized along other dimensions
> (chains to a trust anchor, has an appropriate name), should a client
> reject it because it lacks the OIDs for the particular form of access
> involved?  From an architectural point of view, EAP-TLS implementations
> typically leave certificate selection to the TLS implementation.  RFC
> 4334 support could require changes to the certificate selection code.

I don't care about client authorization -- there should be server-side
ACLs for this.

I guess for EAP-TLS, server authorization isn't a huge deal.  If an
unauthorized server is giving you access to the network, what difference
does it make to a client?  The only compromise is maybe that of user
confidentiality.  What worries me are improperly authorized servers for
something like PEAP+MSCHAPv2, where a dictionary attack against a client's
password might be possible.

My biggest worry is that someone, for example, hacks a web server, steals
the key pair, fires up a rogue AP+AAA, and starts stealing client
passwords.  The user is never presented with a dialog box saying "by the
way, you're talking to CN=www.domain.net, not CN=aaa.domain.net".  Oh, and
be sure to check the CRL to see if it's been revoked or not.

I definitely understand the deployment issues.  I just wish there was some
way to fix this without client-side ACLs for server authorization.

-- 
t. charles clancy, ph.d.  <>  tcc@umd.edu  <>  www.cs.umd.edu/~clancy


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>I don't care about client authorization -- there should be server-side ACLs 
>for this.

Right.

>I guess for EAP-TLS, server authorization isn't a huge deal.  If an
>unauthorized server is giving you access to the network, what difference
>does it make to a client?  The only compromise is maybe that of user
>confidentiality.  What worries me are improperly authorized servers for
>something like PEAP+MSCHAPv2, where a dictionary attack against a client's
>password might be possible.
>
>My biggest worry is that someone, for example, hacks a web server, steals
>the key pair, fires up a rogue AP+AAA, and starts stealing client 
>passwords.

They wouldn't even have to steal the key pair.  All they'd have to do is 
start a modified RADIUS service and get a rogue AP to point to it.

>The user is never presented with a dialog box saying "by the
>way, you're talking to CN=www.domain.net, not CN=aaa.domain.net".  Oh, and
>be sure to check the CRL to see if it's been revoked or not.

Typically the client will not check for a particular FQDN in the 
subjectAltName field in the server cert, only a pattern (e.g. *.domain.net). 
  CRL checking has to occur after the fact, unless the client already has 
connectivity; most implementations don't seem to do the checks at all.



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