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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Internet Emergency Preparedness Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: A Security Framework for Emergency Communications
	Author(s)	: I. Brown
	Filename	: draft-ietf-ieprep-security-01.txt
	Pages		: 16
	Date		: 28-Jun-02
	
The Public Switched Telephone Network includes several mechanisms
that increase the probability of completion for telephone calls made
by authorised disaster relief personnel during emergencies such as
hurricanes or terrorist attacks. This memo describes the security
requirements of providing this functionality in private and public IP
networks, and how these requirements can be met using existing
protocols. It also specifies which enhancements are necessary to
these protocols to allow enhanced functionality such as roaming
access.

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  1 07:00:44 2002
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From: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
To: "'RJ Atkinson'" <rja@extremenetworks.com>,
        "'senthil ayyasamy'" <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Cc: "'ieprep'" <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: doubts (was orginally ..Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt)
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2002 12:03:51 +0100
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Hi All,

I'm perplexed about the discussion of network deployments in the context
of the Baker/beard draft. It appears to have started in a a message
(from Ran?) that noted: 

	"An underlying issue with this document is the assumption that
backbones might be under-provisioned."

I can't see anything in the text to imply this, quite the reverse in
fact. Section 1.1 could be reworded to better motivate the use of
DiffServ when congestion occurs as a service differentiator supporting a
certain QoS model. Maybe, also, the title of the draft should be changed
to:

Recommended Methods of Service Differentiation in IEPS Using DiffServ

I don't get the point of the exchanges on over/under-provisioning, QoS,
statmux, etc. I guess you can observe most of the examples mentioned
regularly or from time to time, but so what? The value of the draft is
that its recommendations will ensure that services continue to operate
when congestion *does* occur - if there is no congestion then you can't
tell that they are being used. The only major problem I have in practice
is that DSCPs are interpreted locally per hop and misconfiguration may
make a forwarding element's anti-congestion measures kick in. But this
is not something you can assess by measuring backbone/access network
loading, and the weakness is mentioned in section 1. and section 3.

I would agree that a poorly planned, and/or badly deployed and/or
overloaded network does require attention, (probably more money), but
this is an operational issue that no number of I-Ds, RFCs, BCPs will
address (nor should). 

Regards,

Alistair


--
Dr. Alistair Munro,
Chief Systems Engineer, Degree2 Innovations Ltd.
Regus House, 1 Friary, Temple Quay, Bristol, BS1 6EA, U.K.
E-mail: Alistair.Munro@degree2.com
Tel: (work) +44-117-900-8114, (home) +44-1275-462707, (mobile)
+44-7974-922-442;
Fax: +44-117-900-8151
Web: http://www.u4eagroup.com




> -----Original Message-----
> From: ieprep-admin@ietf.org [mailto:ieprep-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of RJ Atkinson
> Sent: 29 June 2002 14:09
> To: senthil ayyasamy
> Cc: ieprep
> Subject: Re: doubts (was orginally ..Re: [Ieprep] 
> draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt)
> 
> 
> 
> On Saturday, June 29, 2002, at 12:38 , senthil ayyasamy wrote:
> > Service providers overbook their access networks.
> 
> Some providers underprovision ("overbook") their access 
> networks. Some providers overprovision their access networks.
> 
> Both situations exist in the deployed Internet.  As noted 
> before, I've personally deployed numerous MANs that were 
> overprovisioned (because it was cheaper to do that than to 
> deploy/operate QoS).
> 
> > Like how you increase the robustness in the core for supporting 
> > emergency traffic (as mentioned by you), you can get 
> service from more 
> > than one service providers at the cost of increasing the AS 
> > connectivity complexity for robustness at the access.Will this be a
> > factor too ???.
> 
> 	I can't speak for folks who might want to purchase 
> IEPREP services, not least because that is a large and very 
> diverse set of folks, particularly since IETF needs to 
> consider the issue globally, not just with a US focus.  I 
> doubt that every country will have the same deployment 
> practices with regards to IEPREP.
> 
> Ran
> rja@extremenetworks.com
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ieprep mailing list
> Ieprep@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep
> 


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  1 19:51:28 2002
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We will have a joint meeting with sipping on Tuesday at the IETF, I believe 
in the 17:00-18:00 slot, to discuss the issue of applying MLPP etc policy 
to calls.

Per the agenda at http://www.ietf.org/meetings/agenda_54.html, we have two 
slots, at 15:30 on Wednesday and 15:30 on Thursday; the latter has MBONE 
support. I propose that we plan to spend them so:

Wednesday:
	agenda bashing						 5 minutes
		Fred Baker
	AD Discussion						15 minutes
		Scott Bradner
	draft-ietf-ieprep-security-00.txt			20 minutes
		Ian Brown
	draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt			20 minutes
		Hal Folts, Cory Beard
	draft-ietf-ieprep-framework-02.txt			20 minutes
		Ken Carlberg
	draft-carlberg-ieprep-elastic-requirements-00.txt	20 minutes
		Ken Carlberg
                                                                ----------
                                                               100 minutes
Thursday:
	draft-schulzrinne-ieprep-resource-req-00.txt		20 minutes
		Henning Schulzrinne
        draft-berg-ieprep-sip-isup-gap-analysis-00.txt		20 minutes
		Janet Gunn, Dennis Berg
	draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy-00.txt		20 minutes
		Fred Baker
	draft-ietf-ieprep-reflexive-dscp-00.txt			10 minutes
		Fred Baker, Rei Atarashi
	T&C Draft directions					10 minutes
		Ian Brown
                                                                ----------
                                                                80 minutes

Depending on how timing goes (I suspect the timings suggested are 
"optimistic" in some cases) we may get into these drafts

	draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
	draft-ayyasamy-ieprep-isp-recommend-00.txt

By "discuss", I mean just that - I am expecting no presentations at this 
meeting per se, but rather for the document authors to lead a discussion of 
their draft looking for holes and general sign-off. 


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  2 17:01:09 2002
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From: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>
To: "'Fred Baker'" <fred@cisco.com>, senthil ayyasamy <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Cc: ieprep@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] I-D   ACTION:draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy
	-00.txt
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I am slightly confused.  Are you proposing a mapping between "user class"
and "traffic class"?

And if you have a session between users of different user classes, is the
class for the traffic based on the class of the sender?  The class of the
receiver? The "max" of the sender and receiver? The "min"? Or is that a case
by case policy, based on each user's SLA?  Does a particular user always
have the same class?  
(For instance, under GETS, the same authorized user can choose whether to
make a GETS call or a non-GETS call.  This SHOULD be based on two criteria- 
Am I experiencing congestion?
Is this an emergency related call?

If you make ALL CALLS from an "authenticate ETS user" have a particular
(privileged in some way) class, this is an inherently different approach.)

None of this was explicitly clear to me in reading the document, and I
confess I had difficulty figuring out what it had to do with emergency
services.  After reading the email exchanges it is clearer, but that needs
to be clarified in the document.

Janet

-----Original Message-----
From: Fred Baker [mailto:fred@cisco.com]
Sent: Wednesday, June 26, 2002 11:15 AM
To: senthil ayyasamy
Cc: ieprep@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Ieprep] I-D
ACTION:draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy-00.txt


At 02:37 AM 6/26/2002 -0700, senthil ayyasamy wrote:
>DSCP used from X-->Y
>and Y-->X can be different.

they certainly can, and right now usually are. But service providers 
deploying diffserv tell me that this is not necessarily the service they 
want to offer. They want to be able to offer varying grades of service to 
users paying varying amounts of money.

>    I misunderstood that the whole work is *ONLY* to
>maintain same DSCP on both directions.

yes, and also to say what that DSCP is based on some concept of user class. 
If, for example, I have a user class which is "authenticated ETS user" and 
another user class which is "random person", the traffic in the first class 
might go as AF11 and the second as AF12 (same queue, slightly more prone to 
loss).

not that this would be important in a group such as this :^)


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  2 17:26:39 2002
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From: senthil ayyasamy <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] I-D   ACTION:draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy -00.txt
To: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>, "'Fred Baker'" <fred@cisco.com>
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This is my understanding from the draft:
*The whole purpose of Reflexive DSCP policy is to
suggest ways for accomodating bi-directional flows in
a diffserv domain ( which is uni-directional).
Bi-directional communication is very necessary for
emergency services.*
  
--- "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com> wrote:
> I am slightly confused.  Are you proposing a mapping
> between "user class"
> and "traffic class"?
> 
> And if you have a session between users of different
> user classes, is the
> class for the traffic based on the class of the
> sender?  The class of the
> receiver? The "max" of the sender and receiver? The
> "min"? Or is that a case
> by case policy, based on each user's SLA?  Does a
> particular user always
> have the same class?  
> (For instance, under GETS, the same authorized user
> can choose whether to
> make a GETS call or a non-GETS call.  This SHOULD be
> based on two criteria- 
> Am I experiencing congestion?
> Is this an emergency related call?
> 
> If you make ALL CALLS from an "authenticate ETS
> user" have a particular
> (privileged in some way) class, this is an
> inherently different approach.)
> 
> None of this was explicitly clear to me in reading
> the document, and I
> confess I had difficulty figuring out what it had to
> do with emergency
> services.  After reading the email exchanges it is
> clearer, but that needs
> to be clarified in the document.
> 
> Janet
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Fred Baker [mailto:fred@cisco.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, June 26, 2002 11:15 AM
> To: senthil ayyasamy
> Cc: ieprep@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ieprep] I-D
>
ACTION:draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy-00.txt
> 
> 
> At 02:37 AM 6/26/2002 -0700, senthil ayyasamy wrote:
> >DSCP used from X-->Y
> >and Y-->X can be different.
> 
> they certainly can, and right now usually are. But
> service providers 
> deploying diffserv tell me that this is not
> necessarily the service they 
> want to offer. They want to be able to offer varying
> grades of service to 
> users paying varying amounts of money.
> 
> >    I misunderstood that the whole work is *ONLY*
> to
> >maintain same DSCP on both directions.
> 
> yes, and also to say what that DSCP is based on some
> concept of user class. 
> If, for example, I have a user class which is
> "authenticated ETS user" and 
> another user class which is "random person", the
> traffic in the first class 
> might go as AF11 and the second as AF12 (same queue,
> slightly more prone to 
> loss).
> 
> not that this would be important in a group such as
> this :^)
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ieprep mailing list
> Ieprep@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep


=====
Ayyasamy Senthilkumar
M.S.(Computer Networking)
UMKC,MO.
-----------------------------
An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes that can be made in a very narrow field.
--Niels Bohr.

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  2 18:12:32 2002
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Date: Tue, 02 Jul 2002 15:05:16 -0700
To: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>
From: Fred Baker <fred@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] I-D  
  ACTION:draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy -00.txt
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At 04:55 PM 7/2/2002 -0400, Gunn, Janet NE wrote:
>I am slightly confused.  Are you proposing a mapping between "user class"
>and "traffic class"?

I am proposing traffic classes, and figure that an authenticated user can 
make sure that s/he is in the "committed" portion of the traffic class.

I have yet to see a substantiated argument for user class as a separate 
DSCP, or an internet draft suggesting that a user class should get its own DSCP.


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul  3 00:05:45 2002
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Cc: ieprep@ietf.org
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OK.

What, if anything, is the expected relationship between these traffic
classes, and preferential "call admission" treatment?  

It seems (at least on the surface) that a "call" in a traffic class that
requires "committed" bandwidth would have a smaller chance of being accepted
(than a "call" of a traffic class that will accept "non-comitted"
bandwidth).  So we would still need some way to identify "calls" that need
preferential treatment for call admission.  

You seem to be suggesting (and it is certainly the intuititive expectation)
that the ETS traffic class should have more committed bandwidth than
ordinary traffic.  But it has been suggested by someone else that (under at
least some circumstances) Emergency traffic calls should be allowed to drop
MORE packets without dropping the "call".  I guess that is "policy" rather
than protocol, and identifying traffic classes would allow you to do either.

Janet


-----Original Message-----
From: Fred Baker [mailto:fred@cisco.com]
Sent: Tuesday, July 02, 2002 6:05 PM
To: Gunn, Janet NE
Cc: ieprep@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy
-00.txt


At 04:55 PM 7/2/2002 -0400, Gunn, Janet NE wrote:
>I am slightly confused.  Are you proposing a mapping between "user class"
>and "traffic class"?

I am proposing traffic classes, and figure that an authenticated user can 
make sure that s/he is in the "committed" portion of the traffic class.

I have yet to see a substantiated argument for user class as a separate 
DSCP, or an internet draft suggesting that a user class should get its own
DSCP.

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul  3 01:15:39 2002
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At 12:00 AM 7/3/2002 -0400, Gunn, Janet NE wrote:
>OK.
>
>What, if anything, is the expected relationship between these traffic
>classes, and preferential "call admission" treatment?

The only calls I know of are in VoIP and video. in that case, you get 
bandwidth or you doin't in the admission process; once you have bandwidth, 
you have bandwidth, and there is no requirement for a separate data stream 
type.

The ones that have committed bandwidth - AF classes - don't have calls. 
They are internet data. They have SLAs, and if your SLA requires you to get 
a certain committed and a certain excess bandwidth, other traffic would 
become excess so yours would be committed - just like Frame Relay.


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul  3 15:32:54 2002
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  ACTION:draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy -00.txt
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At 10:13 PM 7/2/2002 -0700, Fred Baker wrote:
>The only calls I know of are in VoIP and video. in that case, you get 
>bandwidth or you doin't in the admission process; once you have bandwidth, 
>you have bandwidth, and there is no requirement for a separate data stream 
>type.
>
>The ones that have committed bandwidth - AF classes - don't have calls. 
>They are internet data. They have SLAs, and if your SLA requires you to 
>get a certain committed and a certain excess bandwidth, other traffic 
>would become excess so yours would be committed - just like Frame Relay.

Let me clarify, because in making a reference to Frame Relay I was picking 
up on some points and dropping others, and probably really confused you.

The model behind EF is that of a constant bit rate circuit. In extending it 
to use AF services in video, the intent is to make a VBR circuit - AF 
provides the counterpart to the CLP flag in ATM. In both cases, however, 
there are three requirements:
  - the network has to agree that a particular call should get a certain
    bandwidth (done through admission - SIP or RSVP),
  - it needs to ensure that admitted traffic gets minimal jitter or delay
    (done through queuing - diffserv)
  - it needs to ensure that unadmitted traffic cannot abuse that service
    (done through policing)

One question, relevant to Mike Pierce's proposals, has to do with why the 
admission might be done using SIP or RSVP vs using a separate DSCP. That 
comes down to how one determines whether someone is authorized to use a 
certain DSCP. I can check that once and put the result into a access 
control list, or I can verify on every packet. I think you'll agree it 
wants to be checked once. That is, almost in its definition, the process of 
admission.

Let's talk a little about GETS and similar functions. When you place a 
telephone call using a circuit network, you touch some buttons, and a 
switch decides whether you should get the call (admission). If it admits 
you, you don't get a special circuit; you get a circuit like any other 
circuit, although it may have interesting routing. When you place a 
telephone call using at ATM network, you similarly talk to a switch 
(admission) to route the CBR circuit that will carry the AAL2 data stream, 
but once it is routed, the CBR stream isn't any different than any other 
CBR stream - it is just a CBR stream. In both cases, there are questions of 
potentially preempting another circuit or CBR VC, of taking reserved 
bandwidth because you are authorized to do so, routing through a network 
that is not available to other calls, or being held a few seconds to get 
access to the bandwidth of the next person to hang up the phone.

I submit that IP's EF service is most similar to the ATM case. You are 
going to admit or not admit the call, and there may be some interesting 
things done to enhance the probability of accepting the call. But once the 
call as been admitted, it has the bandwidth it needs. There is no reason to 
have a separate mark on the data, any more than there is a need to have a 
special kind of CBR circuit for emergency AAL2 traffic in an ATM network. 
The requirement simply doesn't exist. Mark it EF(voice) or AF4(video), as I 
have suggested, and you are done.

The model behind AF (RFC 2597) is that there is a service level agreement 
which, at minimum, says that traffic might arrive at any rate, and will be 
divided into two or more subsets with different markings. The expectation 
in that RFC is that this will be rate-based - traffic arriving at an edge 
device (what Frame Relay or ATM would call the DCE), which might be the 
router in front of the end system, or might be the edge interface on an 
ISP, or a number of other places, is measured according to its arrival 
rate, and at most <mumble> bps of traffic is marked "committed", at most 
<additional mumble> is marked with the next level, and so on until one runs 
out of levels. At any point in the network where congestion occurs, an 
active queue management such as Weighted RED is applied which results in 
packet marking (ECN) or loss being sent back to the sources sending at the 
highest rates, to get them to moderate their transmission. Relevant 
references include RFCs 3168, 2309, 2581, and 2582.

This is like Frame Relay up to this point; it is explicitly designed on 
Frame Relay's DE service and on ATM's VBR services. It differs from those 
in that there is no concept of a circuit in a connectionless network, but 
the model works reasonably well.

What I would do, to modify that for ETS from a generalized source, is say 
that the traffic accepted into the "committed" subset includes at most 
<mumble> bps, and by definition it includes traffic from/to authenticated 
and authorized systems. There is an interesting question on how the 
authentication takes place, but the point here is that their traffic is 
accepted as committed, potentially pushing other traffic to the "excess" 
position.

That said, it has not been shown, at least to my satisfaction, that 
Internet sources and sinks operate on the same basis as telephone system 
sources and sinks. I don't think folks randomly wander in and place calls, 
other than in a telephony environment. There is instant messaging, which at 
least as it exists today is largely a corporate offering entirely within 
AOL, Yahoo, or whoever, and those corporations can do things they deem 
appropriate. There are e911 services at web sites, and those web sites can 
prioritize things as they please. There is use of the Internet backbone for 
a variety of functions, but I don't see statistical evidence that the 
backbone itself becomes significantly congested, even under extreme load 
and in the presence of tens of simultaneous fiber cuts.

What becomes congested is access links (loss and delay) and servers (flash 
crowds, thrashing). The servers can prioritize their user's sessions as 
they will; that is not a traffic issue and has no bearing on this document. 
In the access links, the issue is essentially what traffic is more subject 
to delay or loss, and the servers and the edge routers are in a position to 
manage that within the diffserv architecture. But at the end of the day, 
the issue is whether a particular instance of an application will get 
certain service, or get less service, and exactly what service it needs. 
The diffserv architecture focuses on this "how to best serve the 
application" in describing a per-hop behavior.

If you want a DSCP for a class of user, here's what I need. Go read RFC 
3246, 2597, and 2474, and see what goes into an analysis of a per-hop 
behavior. Then come up with an internet draft that describes exactly what 
you expect the router to do on a per-packet basis because you happen to be 
an authenticated user. Do simulations and live fire tests, as have been 
done by myself and others in researching these PHBs, to demonstrate that 
they actually do what you expect them to do.

I, being one who has contributed to each of those RFCs and has some 
experience in doing this, think you will find this hard to do without 
knowledge of the application, and in the end I think you might agree that 
the approach I have taken is actually best for the individual and the total 
traffic. This is not intended to be a put-down or an arrogant statement, 
though it may come across as one. I'm telling you that you are coming from 
some premises that IMHO don't necessarily hold water, and the proposers of 
that model have not actually done the work to demonstrate their case. That 
is partly why it took so long to charter the working group, and why the 
current set of drafts don't reflect the user model you expect.


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul  3 16:31:41 2002
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Date: Wed, 03 Jul 2002 15:31:02 -0500
To: goldmans@agcs.com, Ken Carlberg <K.Carlberg@cs.ucl.ac.uk>
From: "James M. Polk" <jmpolk@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [Ieprep] comments on draft-schulzrinne-ieprep-resource-req
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At 01:33 PM 6/30/2002 -0700, Stuart (Stu) Goldman wrote:
>Ken,
>
>You make an excellent point. If we were to attempt to replicate in
>detail security requirements/issues in each and every document, it is likely
>that the text would be slightly different as the security requirements
>evolved. By pointing to a single source one avoids the unintended differences.

I believe this can easily be referenced in the next rev of this ID, as well
the text separating the motivation for the RP Header mechanism (the
original request of the Chair and AD for this ID) from the requirement of
its usage within IEPREP - if this effort passes through the meat-grinder of
our upcoming Yokohama meeting on enough of a positive note     :-/

>
>Ken Carlberg wrote:
>
>> > -Also, I think that the requirement implied in number 3 is cumbersome
>> > and poorly stated.
>> > what is the requirement here?  is this a requirement that session setup
>> > via SIP may need appropriate QoS marked or requested?  if it is, say so
>> > directly.
>>
>> as I read the draft, items 1 through 4 of the Introduction seemed more
>> aimed at providing motivation for the R-P mechanism, as opposed to
>> requirements.  after points 1-4, actual requirements are stated.  one
>> thing that may help is to divide the Intro section into two parts:
>> 1. Introduction, and 2. Requirements
>>
>> > - the security requirements are WAY underspecified.
>>
>> would it be possible to simply point to Ian Brown's draft
>> <draft-ietf-ieprep-security-01.txt> and expand it if necessary to address
>> the security concerns you may have?   my personal view is that I would be
>> a bit weary of placing a lot of security work in a requirements doc
>> for a labeling mechanism.  mind you, I'm not saying that security is
>> a non-issue (actually, its quite critical).  but I think because we have
>> a number of drafts that need to address the subject, it would be easier to
>> have consensus on a single document as opposed to trying to replicate in
>> detail security requirements/issues in each and every document.
>>
>> my 2 cents,
>>
>> -ken
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ieprep mailing list
>> Ieprep@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep
>


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul  4 14:23:24 2002
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From: "Folts, Harold" <foltsh@ncs.gov>
To: "'RJ Atkinson'" <rja@extremenetworks.com>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: RJ Atkinson [mailto:rja@extremenetworks.com] 
> Sent: Friday, June 28, 2002 4:39 PM
> To: ieprep
> Subject: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
> 
> 
> 
> 	An underlying issue with this document is the 
> assumption that backbones might be under-provisioned.
> 
> 	Many large backbones are in fact over-provisioned.  
> That is, they have more capacity than they have maximum 
> potential offered load. In many cases, this capacity is built 
> on multiple wide-area SONET rings, so that even an earthquake 
> or smallish tactical nuclear bombs would not cause them to be 
> underprovisioned.[1]

This may be the case today, but I do not think we can assume this
indefinitely. As usage expands, service providers may not invest in
continued bandwidth expansion, but will put the increased revenues to the
bottom line like most profitable business will do.

> 
> 	In such a network, QoS is not really a meaningful 
> concept.  It seems to me that an operator with such a network 
> might well be able to provide the services desired for IEPREP 
> without making any special provisions in their network (other 
> than ensuring robust overprovisioning continues to be the case).

Again good for today, but for serious disaster situations, we have to
consider the doomsday scenario as a practical matter.

Hal

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul  4 20:17:22 2002
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On Thursday, July 4, 2002, at 01:20 PM, Folts, Harold wrote:
> This may be the case today, but I do not think we can assume this
> indefinitely. As usage expands, service providers may not invest in
> continued bandwidth expansion, but will put the increased revenues to 
> the
> bottom line like most profitable business will do.

Hal,

	The backbones that I know of that are over-provisioned are
over-provisioned because that is the profitable approach.  That is,
they've done the math and it is cheaper to over-provision than
to have a congested backbone.  The economic trends are such that
this is becoming even more profitable than it was several years ago.

	So your belief that they will under-provision their core
backbones flies in the face of all available economic data
and their general goal of profitability for IP backbones.
(To pick one example, cost of a 10 Gbps interface dropped in about half
during the past 18 months -- directly due to the presence of 10 GigE,
which can be carried in a WAN via various DWDM systems.  WAN dark
fibre costs are also a lot lower today than several years ago.)

	Note well that I distinguish a core backbone from an access
network throughout this thread.

> Again good for today, but for serious disaster situations, we have to
> consider the doomsday scenario as a practical matter.

	You missed the point entirely, I'm afraid.  The over-provisioned
backbones I know of can put the *whole max load* on a single trunk (and 
have
path diverse trunks in parallel).  So there is no "partial failure" mode
possible that would create congestion in the core backbone.  They've 
either got
at least one path still up in a disaster (in which case that one path has
sufficient capacity to handle max offered load) or they have no path up.
In either scenario, QoS is simply not useful.

	Again, access networks today tend to be different and tend to be
under-provisioned -- but most usually the under-provisioned segments
do not belong to real Tier-1 ISPs, but rather to smaller regional ISPs.

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul  4 21:07:41 2002
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From: senthil ayyasamy <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
To: RJ Atkinson <rja@extremenetworks.com>, "Folts, Harold" <foltsh@ncs.gov>
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Let me provide some facts to butteress Ran's points. I
am talking only about the core networks.

1. All the tier-1 service providers use
over-provisioing for a healthy core. Even if they use
QoS technologies, it is used as a secondary option.

2. ISP's using MPLS and related technologies tend to
use only explicit routing option which requires manual
configuration. I dont think this will be of much use
to emergency service unless otherwise you reserve that
explict path for emergency use.

3. Also one cannot easily give priority by
manipulating OSPF weights. over-provisioning is the
base condition for employing such techniques. Service
providers recompute weights only when some new routers
are introduced to re-adjust the whole topology. So
providing priority by OSPF weight optimization is also
ruled out.

4. Dynamic QoS routing schemes: One can do academic
research on possible use of QoS routing schemes for
giving priority and pre-emption. But the fact still
remains that *QoS routing is the much researched and
nill implemented technique*. The simple reason being
people often prefer manual configurations than complex
QoS mechanisms.

5. Diffserv mechanisms: I am not aware of its
deployment details. But this might be a possible place
for use. But still it will be useful only at the
access as the core tend to be over-provisioned.

I think both requirement draft and fred's draft
suggests over-provisioning  as a possible technique. 
 
So the problem is only at the access. Most of the
IEPREP outputs will be most applicable for access
providers only.

As for as transit is concerned, I am little hesistant.
Some persons in this list have commented that service
providers has a tendeny to keep the congestion at the
transit. But as ran said, transit is also
over-provisioned and IETF cannot suggest any
recommendation for transit as such.

> 	The backbones that I know of that are
> over-provisioned are
> over-provisioned because that is the profitable
> approach.  That is,
> they've done the math and it is cheaper to
> over-provision than
> to have a congested backbone.  The economic trends
> are such that
> this is becoming even more profitable than it was
> several years ago.
> 
> 	So your belief that they will under-provision their
> core
> backbones flies in the face of all available
> economic data
> and their general goal of profitability for IP
> backbones.
> (To pick one example, cost of a 10 Gbps interface
> dropped in about half
> during the past 18 months -- directly due to the
> presence of 10 GigE,
> which can be carried in a WAN via various DWDM
> systems.  WAN dark
> fibre costs are also a lot lower today than several
> years ago.)
> 
> 	Note well that I distinguish a core backbone from
> an access
> network throughout this thread.
> 
> > Again good for today, but for serious disaster
> situations, we have to
> > consider the doomsday scenario as a practical
> matter.
> 
> 	You missed the point entirely, I'm afraid.  The
> over-provisioned
> backbones I know of can put the *whole max load* on
> a single trunk (and 
> have
> path diverse trunks in parallel).  So there is no
> "partial failure" mode
> possible that would create congestion in the core
> backbone.  They've 
> either got
> at least one path still up in a disaster (in which
> case that one path has
> sufficient capacity to handle max offered load) or
> they have no path up.
> In either scenario, QoS is simply not useful.
> 
> 	Again, access networks today tend to be different
> and tend to be
> under-provisioned -- but most usually the
> under-provisioned segments
> do not belong to real Tier-1 ISPs, but rather to
> smaller regional ISPs.
> 
> Ran
> rja@extremenetworks.com
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ieprep mailing list
> Ieprep@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul  4 21:20:13 2002
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On Thursday, July 4, 2002, at 09:05 PM, senthil ayyasamy wrote:
> But as ran said, transit is also
> over-provisioned and IETF cannot suggest any
> recommendation for transit as such.

To be clear, I said that in many cases transit is also over-provisioned,
particularly so with private peering (which is now dominant over
exchange points as a way Tier-1s exchange traffic among themselves).
I am not omniscient, so I've tried to be careful not to claim that
all core links or all core transit is over-provisioned even among the
Tier-1 operators.  For some Tier-1s I believe that they really do
over-engineer, based on knowledge of their networks and practices,
for other Tier-1 operators I'm not as well informed as for the first set.

However, this misses my main original point, which is that QoS
is a mechanism and is not a requirement.  The requirement is
"availability" and there are several mechanism an operator might
choose to meet that requirement, including but not limited to QoS,
over-engineering, or other methods.

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul  4 21:23:34 2002
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I think that Ran may well be right about the current architecture of
large U.S. ISPs (significantally over provisioned backbones) since it
agrees with what I have been told by people involved in managing some
of those backbones but I am not sure that Ran being right on this has
much impact on teh world that ieprep needs to worry about.

As Ran points out, access networks are frequently under-provisioned as
do the networks of smaller US and some non-US ISPs

ieprep has to assume that the networks over which ieprep services
will be needed are not all over provisioned and may be congested.
That congestion might or might not be generated by some emergency 
situation - I'm not sure that makes any diference.

Scott

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul  4 21:25:48 2002
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From: senthil ayyasamy <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
To: RJ Atkinson <rja@extremenetworks.com>
Cc: "Folts, Harold" <foltsh@ncs.gov>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
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> However, this misses my main original point, which
> is that QoS
> is a mechanism and is not a requirement.  The
> requirement is
> "availability" and there are several mechanism an
> operator might
> choose to meet that requirement, including but not
> limited to QoS,
> over-engineering, or other methods.
 I accept that requirement draft should take no
position about a deployment issue and have to be
generic. But, cant a requirement draft give some
possible examples about mode of deployment?

=====
Ayyasamy Senthilkumar
M.S.(Computer Networking)
UMKC,MO.
-----------------------------
An expert is a man who has made all the mistakes that can be made in a very narrow field.
--Niels Bohr.

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From: "Stuart (Stu) Goldman" <goldmans@agcs.com>
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To: "Folts Harold" <foltsh@ncs.gov>
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Folks,

As an old engineer, I understand the frustration.  The requirements given for
the Ark were quite specific. So many cubits by so many. Don't worry, if you
just follow the specifications all the animals will fit. I believe even the
type of wood to be used was specified. Building the Ark would have been much
more difficult if the requirements did not include any implementation aspects
at all, and just said it needed to be "big enough and strong enough" to hold
an unspecified number of animals for an unspecified time during unspecified
weather conditions.

Until we can get the terrorists to provide details on their pending attacks,
we have to work from vague, "unspecified" requirements which lead some of us
to try to do the very best we can by installing as much protection as we can
envision in the absence of a requirement that specifies at what point in the
escalating doomsday scenarios it is ok for the system to fail emergency
communications.

A great deal of money was "wasted" yesterday in the US providing protection
against 4th of July attacks that failed to materialize.  The people who said
that the protection was beyond what was needed were indeed right. I can only
say that we are in difficult times and perhaps we too should error a bit more
on the side of preparing for more dire scenarios. I would rather "waste" some
time and money over hardening, than to find that my emergency communications
breakdown during a really, really  bad emergency.



"Folts, Harold" wrote:

> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: RJ Atkinson [mailto:rja@extremenetworks.com]
> > Sent: Friday, June 28, 2002 4:39 PM
> > To: ieprep
> > Subject: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
> >
> >
> >
> >       An underlying issue with this document is the
> > assumption that backbones might be under-provisioned.
> >
> >       Many large backbones are in fact over-provisioned.
> > That is, they have more capacity than they have maximum
> > potential offered load. In many cases, this capacity is built
> > on multiple wide-area SONET rings, so that even an earthquake
> > or smallish tactical nuclear bombs would not cause them to be
> > underprovisioned.[1]
>
> This may be the case today, but I do not think we can assume this
> indefinitely. As usage expands, service providers may not invest in
> continued bandwidth expansion, but will put the increased revenues to the
> bottom line like most profitable business will do.
>
> >
> >       In such a network, QoS is not really a meaningful
> > concept.  It seems to me that an operator with such a network
> > might well be able to provide the services desired for IEPREP
> > without making any special provisions in their network (other
> > than ensuring robust overprovisioning continues to be the case).
>
> Again good for today, but for serious disaster situations, we have to
> consider the doomsday scenario as a practical matter.
>
> Hal
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ieprep mailing list
> Ieprep@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep


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On Friday, July 5, 2002, at 11:43 AM, Stuart (Stu) Goldman wrote:
> Building the Ark would have been much
> more difficult if the requirements did not include any implementation 
> aspects
> at all, and just said it needed to be "big enough and strong enough" to 
> hold
> an unspecified number of animals for an unspecified time during 
> unspecified
> weather conditions.

Stu,

	The flaw in your analogy is that in this case there are a whole slew
of parallel documents that outline various implementation approaches to
meeting the requirements.  So the proposal is not that implementation 
approaches
be undocumented, but rather that we crisply separate the requirements 
into
one document and the various ideas on implementation approaches into 
other
documents.

> Until we can get the terrorists to provide details on their pending 
> attacks,
> we have to work from vague, "unspecified" requirements which lead some 
> of us
> to try to do the very best we can by installing as much protection as 
> we can
> envision in the absence of a requirement that specifies at what point 
> in the
> escalating doomsday scenarios it is ok for the system to fail emergency
> communications.

	That's just bogus in this context.  A classic big red herring.  In 
the example
on the floor, it doesn't matter which attacks someone uses on a large 
ISP where each
trunk can handle max load for their core.  Either there is at least one 
trunk,
in which case there won't be any congestion XOR there are no trunks in 
which case
neither QoS nor anything else will help.

	If NCS will focus on requirements and give implementers flexibility 
about
how to meet them, then it will surely be lower cost to me as a US 
taxpayer.  In any event,
IETF is working on an *international* standard and different countries 
have very different
requirements (e.g. I'm told Swedish requirements do not resemble NCS's 
requirements
particularly closely).   If NCS can't bring itself emotionally to work 
within a
framework where we separate requirements from implementation details, 
then what remains
is purely a contractual matter for NCS & contractors AND there is no 
IETF standards content
left so this list can be shutdown.

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com

PS:	I remain impressed by the amount of taxpayer dollars NCS is 
spending to try
	to pack this working group.  Sad, but impressed.  :-(


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul  5 13:33:17 2002
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Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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On Thursday, July 4, 2002, at 09:23 PM, Scott Bradner wrote:
> ieprep has to assume that the networks over which ieprep services
> will be needed are not all over provisioned and may be congested.
> That congestion might or might not be generated by some emergency
> situation - I'm not sure that makes any diference.

Fine, but mechanisms (e.g. QoS) should be discussed in separate
documents from the high-level requirements document.  Right now
we don't have a high-level requirements document -- instead we
have a document that claims to be high-level requirements but
instead mixes and confuses mechanisms with requirements.  This
is a serious bug, one which that document's authors seem disinclined
to respond to when I raised it in the past.

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul  5 13:56:20 2002
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Date: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:43:47 -0400
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Organization: Columbia University
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>     That's just bogus in this context.  A classic big red herring.  In 
> the example
> on the floor, it doesn't matter which attacks someone uses on a large 
> ISP where each
> trunk can handle max load for their core.  Either there is at least one 
> trunk,
> in which case there won't be any congestion XOR there are no trunks in 
> which case
> neither QoS nor anything else will help.

Curiosity item: At least from looking at various big-ISP maps (like the 
one formerly starting with U), it is quite common that a single 
POP-to-POP connection is Nxsomething, e.g., NxOC-3 or NxOC192. Thus, it 
seems at least plausible that there could suddenly M, where M << N and M 
 > 0, parallel links. If these are all in the same fiber bundle or even 
just wavelengths on the same fiber, this may be unlikely, but I thought 
that load balancing across (logically) parallel links that are 
physically diverse was fairly common for quick recovery.

Also, for any interesting network, even if overdimensioned, you can take 
out enough links so that (parts of) the network remain connected, 
through more than one hop, but at significantly reduced capacity. Are 
you claiming that all (good) ISPs are designed so that any 
still-connected network, regardless of which combination of links your 
adversary can take out, can carry the busy hour load?

Henning


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul  5 15:57:58 2002
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On Friday, July 5, 2002, at 01:43 PM, Henning Schulzrinne wrote:

> Are you claiming that all (good) ISPs are designed so that any 
> still-connected network,
> regardless of which combination of links your adversary can take out, 
> can carry the busy hour load?

	No, I'm claiming that several existing ISPs are designed today such 
that
any single backbone link can carry the full max offered load across that 
link
(e.g. Atlanta -- Dallas), even if all other parallel links (e.g. 
Atlanta -- St Louis
-- Dallas) are taken out (e.g. by a backhoe cutting a fibre bundle). [1]

	And typically the NxOC-(speed) links are actually provisioned as N
wavelengths on a shared DWDM system using a single shared fibre pair.
So if a backhoe hits or a DWDM box fails or a router fails, all of those
parallel links drop together.

	In some cases, the operators are waiting for vendors to ship OC-768 POS
interfaces so they can get rid of the 4xOC-192 links used today.  I 
don't see
a lot of NxOC-3, NxOC-12, or NxOC-48 links today -- simply because it is 
usually
cheaper (both capital and operating costs) to simply deploy one of the 
next
larger standard OC-(speed) interfaces than to deploy NxOC-(smaller speed)
interfaces.

	But this is all sidebar, the issue is whether QoS is a requirement
or a mechanism.  I submit that QoS is a mechanism for ensuring 
availability,
not a requirement in and of itself.

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com

[1] By the way, backhoes appear to be the biggest risk going to Internet
connectivity.  Most regular attendees of NANOG or such like will agree.


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Sat Jul  6 13:29:47 2002
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> From: RJ Atkinson [mailto:rja@extremenetworks.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 05, 2002 12:33 PM
> Fine, but mechanisms (e.g. QoS) should be discussed in separate
> documents from the high-level requirements document.  Right now
> we don't have a high-level requirements document -- instead we
> have a document that claims to be high-level requirements but
> instead mixes and confuses mechanisms with requirements.  This
> is a serious bug, one which that document's authors seem disinclined
> to respond to when I raised it in the past.

Ran,

As one of the authors, I am still unclear about your problems with the
requirements document.  Let me step through the draft.

Section 1 is the introduction.  I assume you have no problems with that,
since all it does is put the problem in context.

Section 2 lists requirements at the highest level - availability,
dependability, authorized access, security protection, and privacy.  I
assume you have no problems with those.  These are exactly what you have
been saying you want to see.

Section 3 seems to be where you have a problem.  It does discuss QoS
mechanisms, but it starts with, "it is assumed that networks will
experience temporary scarcity of resources, especially because of
damaged infrastructure and high demand immediately following a disaster.
If a service provider employs an over provisioning approach to provide
emergency services so that resources are never scarce, some of the
following requirements might not be necessary."  I do not see why this
section would be a problem given that it starts with this caveat that it
may only apply to some implementations.

Section 4 simply gives providers the *opportunity if they wish* to
differentiate their services based on applications or traffic types.  I
do not see why there should be a problem here.

Section 5 lists the policy decisions providers need to make.  It does
not tell them how to make the decisions, it only requires that they
openly describe the policies they are using.  No problem here?

Section 6 gives some application (not implementation) examples.  Section
7 closes.  No problem here?

I TOTALLY agree with your concerns and perspectives on the issues, but
do not understand your objections with the document.  

It would be very helpful if you could give specific comments about
specific sections, instead of generic criticisms.  Then we can address
your comments and move forward to make appropriate adjustments.

Do you think we should we remove Section 3?  Should the whole document
only be Section 2?  Is your only problem just some of the way the
introduction is written?

Cory Beard

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Sat Jul  6 14:53:28 2002
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Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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On Saturday, July 6, 2002, at 01:29 PM, Beard, Cory wrote:
> As one of the authors, I am still unclear about your problems with the
> requirements document.  Let me step through the draft.

Cory,

There is a missing opening section, which I would call SCOPE.
The main text in the SCOPE section ought to read something like
this:

	Nothing in this document is applicable to an IP network that
	does not claim to offer emergency network services.  This
	document describes high-level requirements for IP networks
	that do claim to offer emergency network services.  Examples
	of emergency network services are provided elsewhere [other 
document cite].
	Possible mechanisms for deploying emergency IP network services
	are discussed elsewhere [optional: other document citations].

> Section 1 is the introduction.  I assume you have no problems with that,
> since all it does is put the problem in context.

I think it is a bit long and confusing.  I also think it confuses 
telephony
issues (e.g. current US GETS) with network issues.  I would like to see
this improved, but it is not my main concern with your document.

> Section 2 lists requirements at the highest level - availability,
> dependability, authorized access, security protection, and privacy.  I
> assume you have no problems with those.  These are exactly what you have
> been saying you want to see.

This section is closer than most, but delves into mechanisms here
and there.

> Section 3 seems to be where you have a problem.  It does discuss QoS
> mechanisms, but it starts with, "it is assumed that networks will
> experience temporary scarcity of resources, especially because of
> damaged infrastructure and high demand immediately following a disaster.
> If a service provider employs an over provisioning approach to provide
> emergency services so that resources are never scarce, some of the
> following requirements might not be necessary."  I do not see why this
> section would be a problem given that it starts with this caveat that it
> may only apply to some implementations.

Section 3 should be moved into one or more separate documents, because it
does not describe *requirements* but instead describes *mechanisms*.
A requirements document ought be just that -- a *requirements* document.
This section is too detailed about mechanisms.  Section 2 was very much
closer to the mark for requirements.

> Section 4 simply gives providers the *opportunity if they wish* to
> differentiate their services based on applications or traffic types.  I
> do not see why there should be a problem here.

This also should be in a separate document.  It is essentially providing
some sidebar information from the authors, rather than *requirements*
for an IP network operator.

> Section 5 lists the policy decisions providers need to make.  It does
> not tell them how to make the decisions, it only requires that they
> openly describe the policies they are using.  No problem here?

This is not as bad as 3, but it is not clear to me that a provider 
inherently
*needs* to make each of these decisions, particularly if the IEprep
service is considered from a global perspective rather than a US-centric
perspective.  This section seems quite US-centric.

> Section 6 gives some application (not implementation) examples.  Section
> 7 closes.  No problem here?

Please move Section 6 into a separate document with examples of IEprep 
applications.
I'd suggest combining it with a bunch of the material currently in 
Section 1.

> I TOTALLY agree with your concerns and perspectives on the issues, but
> do not understand your objections with the document.

Hopefully this note will help.

> It would be very helpful if you could give specific comments about
> specific sections, instead of generic criticisms.  Then we can address
> your comments and move forward to make appropriate adjustments.

I did offer a fair bit of detail once before, but maybe that note got 
lost.

> Do you think we should we remove Section 3?  Should the whole document
> only be Section 2?  Is your only problem just some of the way the
> introduction is written?

I've outlined specific changes above.  I'll take an editorial pass at
the whole thing and see if I can't mail a strawman revised version out
later this weekend.  Please keep in mind that my concern here is mostly
to have the requirements document be clear, thin, and focused.  If one
feels that it is important to have detailed discussion of other material,
that other can better be placed into separate documents 
(cross-referencing as
appropriate).

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Sun Jul  7 09:24:05 2002
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From: Ian Brown <I.Brown@cs.ucl.ac.uk>
To: ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
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Unfortunately I didn't have time to get a first pass done on the terms of
reference draft before the ID cutoff date. But so that everyone can see
what's happening with it, I've put the current version at
http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/I.Brown/draft-ietf-ieprep-reference-00.txt

Suggestions for other terms that should be included (along with definitions
if you like), as well as comments and improvements, are all welcome. I'll
then do a proper -00 ID submission after the Yokohama meeting.

Thanks,

Ian.
--
Abstract

   An Emergency Telecommunications Service gives authorised emergency
   personnel a higher probability of successful communication under
   high network load conditions. This document explains the different
   terms and acronyms used in defining and implementing this service,
   and is intended to be used as a common basis for negotiations when
   governments are contracting with telecommunications operators to
   provide the service.


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  8 05:14:41 2002
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From: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
To: "'Ian Brown'" <I.Brown@cs.ucl.ac.uk>, "'ieprep'" <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] Terms of reference draft
Date: Mon, 8 Jul 2002 10:14:36 +0100
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Hi Ian,

A few comments:

1. "Terms of Reference" is confusing (to me) as a title and objective.
What about "Glossary of Terms for Emergency Telecommunications
Services"? 

2. (Abstract) I wouldn't use it as a "common basis for negotiations" -
"list of common terms and their meanings" possibly? It looks as if it
will be very useful as a sanity check of things you have to know to be
able to tender/procure - can we try to capture this objective somehow?
Replace "governments" with "emergency service providers".

3. (Definitions) - assorted niggles, in no particular order:

ISUP - The ISUP spec includes several protocols and ISUP is (in my book)
an application that sits on top of SCCP (which is also a sort of
transport protocol), to support services using ISDN. This will be useful
if you pick out what precisely is relevant to ETS, e.g as you do for GSM
with MLPP, or refer forwards to the specific use of the reference made
in NS/EP.

GSM - replace the first sentence by "The family of ETSI standards for
1st generation digital mobile telecommunications, used in many countries
around the world for public land mobile networks." ETSI has designed
several "wireless telephony" standards. The GSM gurus will be rsing out
of their graves even now...

DiffServ - delete "scalable". I'm not saying it can't be implemented in
a scalable way but the mechanism is fairly limited. 

PHB - the node applies the PHB to the class identified by the DSCP,
which may be defined for several flow aggregates. This may be pedantic
but see, e.g., the Annex to the EF RFC.

Traffic class - again, the DSCP defines the quality to be given to a
packet. The traffic class is a field that can contain a DSCP, i.e. just
a packet marking, which *may* relate to an aggregate.

SS7 - SS7 is a lot more than a standard for signalling and it is
impossible (IMO) to overstate its significance in telecommunications in
general - the definition understates its importance. It supports ISDN
(q.v.), MAP in GSM, IN functions via TCAP, maintenance of links between
switches, etc., etc. It is commonly operated over IP networks these
days. I'm not quite sure how to capture this - give me some time to
think about it.

In general: this is a useful contribution that I hope can be progressed
to WG draft quickly.

Regards,

Alistair

--
Dr. Alistair Munro,
Chief Systems Engineer, Degree2 Innovations Ltd.
Regus House, 1 Friary, Temple Quay, Bristol, BS1 6EA, U.K.
E-mail: Alistair.Munro@degree2.com
Tel: (work) +44-117-900-8114, (home) +44-1275-462707, (mobile)
+44-7974-922-442;
Fax: +44-117-900-8151
Web: http://www.u4eagroup.com


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  8 05:28:44 2002
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From: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
To: "'RJ Atkinson'" <rja@extremenetworks.com>,
        "'Beard, Cory'" <beardc@umkc.edu>
Cc: <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
Date: Mon, 8 Jul 2002 09:30:36 +0100
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Hi Ran,

If you are preparing some detailed changes to this draft than I will
hold fire on some other minor wording changes that I wanted to send in.

In general and as I have said in the past, I find the draft useful and
informative. For an ISP or implementer of emergency services it explains
the main issues and would assist in (respectively) responding to, or
preparing, an operational requirement. In particular I don't want this
to become a set of MUST requirements.

I think it is reasonable to refer to standardised solutions and
mechanisms, as it may well be a functional requirement to have these
mechanisms to implement emergency services. 

On specific sections:

1. Move 1.1 to 6 (subsection of 6.4?), retitled as GETS - it is an
example and is not about "Current PSTN Capabilities".

2. OK.

3. Contrary to your suggestions, I would keep this and rename it
"Service Differentiation for Control and Delivery".
3.1, 3.2: "Should" is too strong. Replace with "MAY"

4. Subsume into 3, i.e. 4.1 -> 3.4, 4.2 -> 3.5. Delete introductory
paragraph "In addition..."

5. OK by me. We have been into all this US-centric stuff before. I don't
find it US-centric at all.

6. OK.

7. OK,

8. Delete - it doesn't add any value to 2.4.

As an implementer, I need to have guidance on security, service
differentiation, priority/pre-emption at application level, and we are
seeing outputs emerging on these. This draft is a good introduction and
complement to these specific protocol practices. It should be kept
intact.

Regards,

Alistair

--
Dr. Alistair Munro,
Chief Systems Engineer, Degree2 Innovations Ltd.
Regus House, 1 Friary, Temple Quay, Bristol, BS1 6EA, U.K.
E-mail: Alistair.Munro@degree2.com
Tel: (work) +44-117-900-8114, (home) +44-1275-462707, (mobile)
+44-7974-922-442;
Fax: +44-117-900-8151
Web: http://www.u4eagroup.com


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  8 07:42:23 2002
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From: "Folts, Harold" <foltsh@ncs.gov>
To: "'Ian Brown'" <I.Brown@cs.ucl.ac.uk>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] Terms of reference draft
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Ian Brown [mailto:I.Brown@cs.ucl.ac.uk]
> Sent: Sunday, July 07, 2002 9:23 AM
> To: ieprep
> Subject: [Ieprep] Terms of reference draft
> 
> 
> Unfortunately I didn't have time to get a first pass done on 
> the terms of
> reference draft before the ID cutoff date. But so that 
> everyone can see
> what's happening with it, I've put the current version at
> http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/I.Brown/draft-ietf-ieprep-refere
> nce-00.txt
> 
> Suggestions for other terms that should be included (along 
> with definitions
> if you like), as well as comments and improvements, are all 
> welcome. I'll
> then do a proper -00 ID submission after the Yokohama meeting.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Ian.
> --
> Abstract
> 
>    An Emergency Telecommunications Service gives authorised emergency
>    personnel a higher probability of successful communication under
>    high network load conditions. This document explains the different
>    terms and acronyms used in defining and implementing this service,
>    and is intended to be used as a common basis for negotiations when
>    governments are contracting with telecommunications operators to
>    provide the service.
> 
> 
Looks like a good start to this useful effort.

Hal

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  8 09:04:11 2002
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On Monday, July 8, 2002, at 04:30 AM, Alistair Munro wrote:
> I think it is reasonable to refer to standardised solutions and
> mechanisms, as it may well be a functional requirement to have these
> mechanisms to implement emergency services.

I think it is fine to have some example solutions, in separate documents.
I object pretty strongly to the standard mandating a particular mechanism
because network designs and circumstances vary so widely.

> 3. Contrary to your suggestions, I would keep this and rename it
> "Service Differentiation for Control and Delivery".
> 3.1, 3.2: "Should" is too strong. Replace with "MAY"

I don't propose dropping it, but rather moving it into a separate
document.

> 5. OK by me. We have been into all this US-centric stuff before. I don't
> find it US-centric at all.

Some other Europeans do find it US-centric.

> As an implementer, I need to have guidance on security, service
> differentiation, priority/pre-emption at application level, and we are
> seeing outputs emerging on these. This draft is a good introduction and
> complement to these specific protocol practices. It should be kept
> intact.

The deployment guidance is fine and useful, but needs to be in separate
documents -- so that requirements (i.e. MUST items) are separated
from options (i.e. other items).

Thanks for your note.  It is helpful to have specific understandings
of the differences in perspective.

Ran
rja@extremenetworks.com


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul  8 09:44:04 2002
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From: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
To: "'RJ Atkinson'" <rja@extremenetworks.com>
Cc: <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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Hi Ran,

> > I think it is reasonable to refer to standardised solutions and 
> > mechanisms, as it may well be a functional requirement to 
> have these 
> > mechanisms to implement emergency services.
> 
> I think it is fine to have some example solutions, in 
> separate documents. I object pretty strongly to the standard 
> mandating a particular mechanism because network designs and 
> circumstances vary so widely.
> 

Section 3 seems, (to me), to say packets should (I prefer MAY) be given
differential treatment but it does not mandate anything specific - my
reading is that the only requirement is to give emergency traffic a
better-than-best-effort service and the mechanism is not mandated.
However the DSCP marking *is* a standard and if used, SHOULD be used
according to best practice. This is one of the sections that I have some
alternate words for, pending your own input.

> > 3. Contrary to your suggestions, I would keep this and rename it 
> > "Service Differentiation for Control and Delivery". 3.1, 
> 3.2: "Should" 
> > is too strong. Replace with "MAY"
> 
> I don't propose dropping it, but rather moving it into a 
> separate document.
> 

Sorry, I did not express myself too well. I meant: keep it in this
document. Keeping everything together makes for easier maintenance.

> > 5. OK by me. We have been into all this US-centric stuff before. I 
> > don't find it US-centric at all.
> 
> Some other Europeans do find it US-centric.
> 

I would be interested to review any proposed text changes that
generalise it.

> 
> The deployment guidance is fine and useful, but needs to be 
> in separate documents -- so that requirements (i.e. MUST 
> items) are separated from options (i.e. other items).
> 

I'm happy to see MAYs and SHOULDs in this document, which is, after all,
only going to be an Informational RFC.

Regards,

Alistair

--
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Chief Systems Engineer, Degree2 Innovations Ltd.
Regus House, 1 Friary, Temple Quay, Bristol, BS1 6EA, U.K.
E-mail: Alistair.Munro@degree2.com
Tel: (work) +44-117-900-8114, (home) +44-1275-462707, (mobile)
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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  9 10:34:41 2002
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Subject: RE: Wednesday June 26th - [Ieprep] I-D ACTION:draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
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From: "Talauliker, Salil Ulhas (UMKC-Student)" <sut0b6@umkc.edu>
To: <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
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Dear Dr.Munro,
 
This is in response to you comment below about using DSCP mechanisms for its original purpose dated Wednesday June 26th.
 
> The Talauliker draft seems to be about priority using DSCPs and RED mechanisms. I would prefer to use them
>  their best advantage in doing what they were designed for without imposing a secondary purpose on them. Priority 
> a different issue and known to be difficult to resolve. Did I mistake what was written?
 
Sir, I'd like to point out that your comment has the answer to the issue that you raise. I would like to stress the following first:
 
1. We here at UMKC agree with you that Priority is definitely a difficult issue to resolve.
2. My draft is focussed on Internet Emergency provision issues rather than "Priority" in particular.
3. And I have mentioned in my draft that no current "standard" mechanism exists that treats this problem.
4. The draft is focussed towards providing Priority Treatment in a Diffserv environment using CURRENT available practices.
 
Hence I have proposed the idea of extending the RED mechanism to solve the problem of priority. At the current time this seems to be the best approach in a DIFFSERV domain. The stream of new RED-related papers from Infocom 2002 has strengthened our original belief in RED as a viable option. I would also like to point out that we are not talking about a particular implementation of RED by a firm. Instead we are talking about RED and its variants as known to IETF and the networking community.
 
I appreciate your comments and would like to add that we are open for further comments and suggestions from you.
 
Thanks,
 
Salil Talauliker
University of Missouri-Kansas City
sut0b6@umkc.edu
 
References: draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  9 10:49:36 2002
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From: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
To: "'Talauliker, Salil Ulhas \(UMKC-Student\)'" <sut0b6@umkc.edu>
Cc: <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Wednesday June 26th - [Ieprep] I-D ACTION:draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
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Dear Salil,

Thank your for your feedback and observations on my comments.

I'm happy to accept your view of the purpose of the draft. My comments on it were concerned with its value as current best practice - I like the ideas in it but I may not get time and resource to do all the study that seems to be implied. 

There are probably people who know better about this than I do as I have never used RIO and I don't know who implements it. Is there an RFC for it? Do others have comments?

Regards,

Alistair

--
Dr. Alistair Munro,
Chief Systems Engineer, Degree2 Innovations Ltd.
Regus House, 1 Friary, Temple Quay, Bristol, BS1 6EA, U.K.
E-mail: Alistair.Munro@degree2.com
Tel: (work) +44-117-900-8114, (home) +44-1275-462707, (mobile) +44-7974-922-442;
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Talauliker, Salil Ulhas (UMKC-Student) [mailto:sut0b6@umkc.edu] 
> Sent: 08 July 2002 19:34
> To: alistair.munro@degree2.com
> Cc: ieprep@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: Wednesday June 26th - [Ieprep] I-D 
> ACTION:draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
> 
> 
> Dear Dr.Munro,
>  
> This is in response to you comment below about using DSCP 
> mechanisms for its original purpose dated Wednesday June 26th.
>  
> > The Talauliker draft seems to be about priority using DSCPs and RED 
> > mechanisms. I would prefer to use them  their best 
> advantage in doing 
> > what they were designed for without imposing a secondary purpose on 
> > them. Priority a different issue and known to be difficult 
> to resolve. 
> > Did I mistake what was written?
>  
> Sir, I'd like to point out that your comment has the answer 
> to the issue that you raise. I would like to stress the 
> following first:
>  
> 1. We here at UMKC agree with you that Priority is definitely 
> a difficult issue to resolve. 2. My draft is focussed on 
> Internet Emergency provision issues rather than "Priority" in 
> particular. 3. And I have mentioned in my draft that no 
> current "standard" mechanism exists that treats this problem. 
> 4. The draft is focussed towards providing Priority Treatment 
> in a Diffserv environment using CURRENT available practices.
>  
> Hence I have proposed the idea of extending the RED mechanism 
> to solve the problem of priority. At the current time this 
> seems to be the best approach in a DIFFSERV domain. The 
> stream of new RED-related papers from Infocom 2002 has 
> strengthened our original belief in RED as a viable option. I 
> would also like to point out that we are not talking about a 
> particular implementation of RED by a firm. Instead we are 
> talking about RED and its variants as known to IETF and the 
> networking community.
>  
> I appreciate your comments and would like to add that we are 
> open for further comments and suggestions from you.
>  
> Thanks,
>  
> Salil Talauliker
> University of Missouri-Kansas City
> sut0b6@umkc.edu
>  
> References: draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
> 


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Tue Jul  9 17:17:59 2002
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From: senthil ayyasamy <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: Wednesday June 26th - [Ieprep] I-D ACTION:draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
To: Alistair Munro <alistair.munro@degree2.com>,
        "'Talauliker, Salil Ulhas \(UMKC-Student\)'" <sut0b6@umkc.edu>
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> I have never used RIO and I don't know
> who implements it. Is there an RFC for it? Do others
> have comments?
    RIO is an academic work from MIT's lcs lab. Their
is an IEEE TON paper on RIO by clark et all.

D. Clark, W. Fang, "Explicit Allocation of Best Effort
Packet Delivery Service", IEEE/ACM Transactions on
Networking, August 1998, Vol 6. No. 4, pp. 362-373.

It is widely used as RED with drop precedence. It was
used for providing rate adaptation in differentited
services [RFC 2963]. It is the base for effective use
of many works on three color markers. 

I have no details with repect to deployment.

But analysing emergency service with respect to drop
precedence is interesting. It can provide some useful
insight to both academic and engineering community for
possible use of various AQM variants towards ieprep.

    

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 10 03:03:51 2002
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From: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
To: "'senthil ayyasamy'" <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>,
        "'Talauliker, Salil Ulhas \(UMKC-Student\)'" <sut0b6@umkc.edu>
Cc: <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Wednesday June 26th - [Ieprep] I-D ACTION:draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
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Hi Senthil,

Thanks very much for this.

Speaking as an implementer, I feel that output from this group should
position itself as far as possible as standalone documents. RFC2963
contains both theory, practice and configurations with minimal need to
dig around in the library. If Salil's draft can be extended to include
similar detail then I believe that it will be very valuable.

Regards,

AListair

--
Dr. Alistair Munro,
Chief Systems Engineer, Degree2 Innovations Ltd.
Regus House, 1 Friary, Temple Quay, Bristol, BS1 6EA, U.K.
E-mail: Alistair.Munro@degree2.com
Tel: (work) +44-117-900-8114, (home) +44-1275-462707, (mobile)
+44-7974-922-442;
Fax: +44-117-900-8151
Web: http://www.u4eagroup.com




> -----Original Message-----
> From: ieprep-admin@ietf.org [mailto:ieprep-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of senthil ayyasamy
> Sent: 09 July 2002 22:18
> To: Alistair Munro; 'Talauliker, Salil Ulhas (UMKC-Student)'
> Cc: ieprep@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: Wednesday June 26th - [Ieprep] I-D 
> ACTION:draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
> 
> 
> 
> > I have never used RIO and I don't know
> > who implements it. Is there an RFC for it? Do others
> > have comments?
>     RIO is an academic work from MIT's lcs lab. Their
> is an IEEE TON paper on RIO by clark et all.
> 
> D. Clark, W. Fang, "Explicit Allocation of Best Effort
> Packet Delivery Service", IEEE/ACM Transactions on
> Networking, August 1998, Vol 6. No. 4, pp. 362-373.
> 
> It is widely used as RED with drop precedence. It was
> used for providing rate adaptation in differentited
> services [RFC 2963]. It is the base for effective use
> of many works on three color markers. 
> 
> I have no details with repect to deployment.
> 
> But analysing emergency service with respect to drop
> precedence is interesting. It can provide some useful
> insight to both academic and engineering community for
> possible use of various AQM variants towards ieprep.
> 
>     
> 
> __________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Sign up for SBC Yahoo! Dial - First Month Free http://sbc.yahoo.com
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ieprep mailing list
> Ieprep@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep
> 


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From: "Folts, Harold" <foltsh@ncs.gov>
To: "'senthil ayyasamy'" <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Cc: ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: senthil ayyasamy [mailto:mplsgeek@yahoo.com] 
> Sent: Friday, June 28, 2002 8:56 PM
> To: RJ Atkinson; ieprep
> Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
> 
> Some of the relevant issues:
> - At emergency times,if in some case,expected load
> exceeds the backbone capacity,how quickly you can
> increase the backbone capacity.
>    If you cannot bring the network to normality within
> a short time scale,one have to go for QoS /traffic
> engineering options.
> 
> Also,remember we are trying to give priority to
> emergency traffic and not create a robust network
> which will be a answer to all sort of congestion
> problems.
> 
> - Access has the only option of using QoS to
> prioritize emergency traffic.
> 
> - one should have a effective co-operation between
> service providers to accomodate emergency traffic.This
> can be addressed by means of peering or service level agreements only.
> 

These are important points that must be taken into consideration.

Overprovisioning is not the single solution. As previsously pointed out in
another email to the list, not all networks are over provisioned. Lots of
unused bandwidth is widely available so it does not cost any more at the
moment to use it for over provisioning. But as traffic demand in the
marketplace increases over time, the excess bandwidth will soon disappear.
Then it may not be cost effective to expand bandwidth just for over
provisioning.

Ensuring that emergency recovery communications can get through heavy
congestion in timely response to a serious disaster is critically important.

Hal

_______________________________________________
Ieprep mailing list
Ieprep@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep


From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 10 10:17:07 2002
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From: "Folts, Harold" <foltsh@ncs.gov>
To: "'RJ Atkinson'" <rja@extremenetworks.com>
Cc: ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: RJ Atkinson [mailto:rja@extremenetworks.com]
> Sent: Friday, July 05, 2002 1:24 PM
> To: goldmans@agcs.com
> Cc: Folts Harold; ieprep
> Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
> 
> 
 (e.g. I'm told Swedish requirements do not 
> resemble NCS's
> requirements
> particularly closely).

Not in the specification for Sweden's ETS that I have read. I am working
closely with many countries in the ITU-T and ETSI on the ETS issues. The
basic ETS requirements as they have been stated have an excellent
international concensus.

> If NCS can't bring itself
> emotionally to work 
> within a
> framework where we separate requirements from implementation details, 
> then what remains
> is purely a contractual matter for NCS & contractors AND there is no 
> IETF standards content
> left so this list can be shutdown.

Ran, I refer you back to my ID draft-folts-ieprep-requirements-00.txt that
we reviewed at the May ieprep interim meeting. There were no suggestions of
implementation included. I believe it is exactly what you are looking for.
In fact the effective "Scope" at the beginning of the document was very
close in context to your suggestion in your email of 28 June.

Is this what you want to see in the requirements ID?

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 10 10:23:07 2002
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From: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>
To: "'Folts, Harold'" <foltsh@ncs.gov>,
        "'senthil ayyasamy'"
	 <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Cc: ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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Do we also have to consider the possibility of "some kind of virus"
(terrorist inspired or otherwise) generating a large amount of traffic, and
"using up" the overprovisioning? 

 Or is that a red-herring?

Janet 

-----Original Message-----
From: Folts, Harold [mailto:foltsh@ncs.gov]
Sent: Wednesday, July 10, 2002 10:12 AM
To: 'senthil ayyasamy'
Cc: ieprep
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt


> -----Original Message-----
> From: senthil ayyasamy [mailto:mplsgeek@yahoo.com] 
> Sent: Friday, June 28, 2002 8:56 PM
> To: RJ Atkinson; ieprep
> Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
> 
> Some of the relevant issues:
> - At emergency times,if in some case,expected load
> exceeds the backbone capacity,how quickly you can
> increase the backbone capacity.
>    If you cannot bring the network to normality within
> a short time scale,one have to go for QoS /traffic
> engineering options.
> 
> Also,remember we are trying to give priority to
> emergency traffic and not create a robust network
> which will be a answer to all sort of congestion
> problems.
> 
> - Access has the only option of using QoS to
> prioritize emergency traffic.
> 
> - one should have a effective co-operation between
> service providers to accomodate emergency traffic.This
> can be addressed by means of peering or service level agreements only.
> 

These are important points that must be taken into consideration.

Overprovisioning is not the single solution. As previsously pointed out in
another email to the list, not all networks are over provisioned. Lots of
unused bandwidth is widely available so it does not cost any more at the
moment to use it for over provisioning. But as traffic demand in the
marketplace increases over time, the excess bandwidth will soon disappear.
Then it may not be cost effective to expand bandwidth just for over
provisioning.

Ensuring that emergency recovery communications can get through heavy
congestion in timely response to a serious disaster is critically important.

Hal

_______________________________________________
Ieprep mailing list
Ieprep@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep

_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep


From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 10 11:16:24 2002
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Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 08:16:31 -0700
From: "Stuart (Stu) Goldman" <goldmans@agcs.com>
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CC: "'Folts Harold'" <foltsh@ncs.gov>,
        "'senthil ayyasamy'" <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
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Janet,

If the purpose of the service is to provide emergency communication during a
disaster, including a terrorist  attack, I don't think it makes good sense to
rule out a coordinated physical attack along with a DDoS and virus, etc.  If we
can think of it, so can the bad guys.

"Gunn, Janet NE" wrote:

> Do we also have to consider the possibility of "some kind of virus"
> (terrorist inspired or otherwise) generating a large amount of traffic, and
> "using up" the overprovisioning?
>
>  Or is that a red-herring?
>
> Janet
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Folts, Harold [mailto:foltsh@ncs.gov]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 10, 2002 10:12 AM
> To: 'senthil ayyasamy'
> Cc: ieprep
> Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: senthil ayyasamy [mailto:mplsgeek@yahoo.com]
> > Sent: Friday, June 28, 2002 8:56 PM
> > To: RJ Atkinson; ieprep
> > Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
> >
> > Some of the relevant issues:
> > - At emergency times,if in some case,expected load
> > exceeds the backbone capacity,how quickly you can
> > increase the backbone capacity.
> >    If you cannot bring the network to normality within
> > a short time scale,one have to go for QoS /traffic
> > engineering options.
> >
> > Also,remember we are trying to give priority to
> > emergency traffic and not create a robust network
> > which will be a answer to all sort of congestion
> > problems.
> >
> > - Access has the only option of using QoS to
> > prioritize emergency traffic.
> >
> > - one should have a effective co-operation between
> > service providers to accomodate emergency traffic.This
> > can be addressed by means of peering or service level agreements only.
> >
>
> These are important points that must be taken into consideration.
>
> Overprovisioning is not the single solution. As previsously pointed out in
> another email to the list, not all networks are over provisioned. Lots of
> unused bandwidth is widely available so it does not cost any more at the
> moment to use it for over provisioning. But as traffic demand in the
> marketplace increases over time, the excess bandwidth will soon disappear.
> Then it may not be cost effective to expand bandwidth just for over
> provisioning.
>
> Ensuring that emergency recovery communications can get through heavy
> congestion in timely response to a serious disaster is critically important.
>
> Hal
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ieprep mailing list
> Ieprep@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ieprep mailing list
> Ieprep@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ieprep


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 10 12:27:11 2002
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Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 09:24:09 -0700 (PDT)
From: senthil ayyasamy <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
To: goldmans@agcs.com, Gunn Janet NE <Janet.Gunn@dyncorp.com>
Cc: "'Folts Harold'" <foltsh@ncs.gov>,
        "'senthil ayyasamy'" <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
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I accept that code-red and nimada had more effect on
the net than disaster events. But, cyberattacks seems
too broad to cover in a WG such as this one. Their are
many better places to discuss them (ICMP traceback,
IPPT, partly by psamp&IPFIX, many CERT initiatives.)
 The only issue of interest to ieprep community is
*differentiating flash crowds/emergency traffic with
DDOS attacks* at the access. I think the present
charter doesnt allow even this one.
--- "Stuart (Stu) Goldman" <goldmans@agcs.com> wrote:
> Janet,
> 
> If the purpose of the service is to provide
> emergency communication during a
> disaster, including a terrorist  attack, I don't
> think it makes good sense to
> rule out a coordinated physical attack along with a
> DDoS and virus, etc.  If we
> can think of it, so can the bad guys.

> "Gunn, Janet NE" wrote:
> 
> > Do we also have to consider the possibility of
> "some kind of virus"
> > (terrorist inspired or otherwise) generating a
> large amount of traffic, and
> > "using up" the overprovisioning?
> >
> >  Or is that a red-herring?


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 10 15:00:55 2002
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From: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>
To: "'senthil ayyasamy'" <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>, goldmans@agcs.com
Cc: "'Folts Harold'" <foltsh@ncs.gov>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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Senthil,

My point was more that the possibility  of virus attacks makes the
assumption that "the core is overprovisioned and will never be short of
bandwidth for emergency services" a bit less sure.

Janet

-----Original Message-----
From: senthil ayyasamy [mailto:mplsgeek@yahoo.com]
Sent: Wednesday, July 10, 2002 12:24 PM
To: goldmans@agcs.com; Gunn, Janet NE
Cc: 'Folts Harold'; 'senthil ayyasamy'; ieprep
Subject: Re: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt


I accept that code-red and nimada had more effect on
the net than disaster events. But, cyberattacks seems
too broad to cover in a WG such as this one. Their are
many better places to discuss them (ICMP traceback,
IPPT, partly by psamp&IPFIX, many CERT initiatives.)
 The only issue of interest to ieprep community is
*differentiating flash crowds/emergency traffic with
DDOS attacks* at the access. I think the present
charter doesnt allow even this one.
--- "Stuart (Stu) Goldman" <goldmans@agcs.com> wrote:
> Janet,
> 
> If the purpose of the service is to provide
> emergency communication during a
> disaster, including a terrorist  attack, I don't
> think it makes good sense to
> rule out a coordinated physical attack along with a
> DDoS and virus, etc.  If we
> can think of it, so can the bad guys.

> "Gunn, Janet NE" wrote:
> 
> > Do we also have to consider the possibility of
> "some kind of virus"
> > (terrorist inspired or otherwise) generating a
> large amount of traffic, and
> > "using up" the overprovisioning?
> >
> >  Or is that a red-herring?


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 10 17:33:20 2002
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From: senthil ayyasamy <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
To: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>, goldmans@agcs.com
Cc: "'Folts Harold'" <foltsh@ncs.gov>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
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> My point was more that the possibility  of virus
> attacks makes the
> assumption that "the core is overprovisioned and
> will never be short of
> bandwidth for emergency services" a bit less sure.
To add some more points :
  Solutions for virus attacks are pretty difficult at
the stage. The virus attack taxonomy has to be defined
well before considering that work. Read the following
recent USENIX paper on how distributed and random the
worm attacks (in our case by bad elements/terrorists)
turn out that their is nill possibility of finding a
solution.
http://www.icir.org/vern/papers/cdc-usenix-sec02/index.html

The below work explains how a worm can make internet
paralyzed within 15 minutes ( possibility).
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~nweaver/warhol.html

Coming back to our point, worm/viruses/cyberattacks by
bad elements will SURELY consume the bandwidth and
will have greater impact if it happens on days like
9/11. But, unfortunatley their is no effective
solution to avoid them. So, the only thing that can be
done is make sure emergency traffic gets priority to
other and affected at the least by worms. But it is
still difficult.


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Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 16:50:04 -0500
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From: "Beard, Cory" <beardc@umkc.edu>
To: "RJ Atkinson" <rja@extremenetworks.com>, "ieprep" <ieprep@ietf.org>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: RJ Atkinson [mailto:rja@extremenetworks.com]
> Sent: Monday, July 08, 2002 8:01 AM
>
> I think it is fine to have some example solutions, in separate
documents.
> I object pretty strongly to the standard mandating a particular
mechanism
> because network designs and circumstances vary so widely.

It would be fine with me to have examples in separate documents.  That
is really up to the chair how many documents he wants to produce.

But if two documents are produced that really need to be read together
to be understood, then would it not be better to have them merged?
Maybe we could restructure the document to have an examples section that
is completely separate from the requirements sections.

Hal felt the examples should be removed from the main text.  I believe
the examples serve to clarify what the requirement is saying and
illustrate some of the options available in meeting the requirement.

Cory

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Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 16:50:49 -0500
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From: "Beard, Cory" <beardc@umkc.edu>
To: "ieprep" <ieprep@ietf.org>, "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Gunn, Janet NE [mailto:Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 10, 2002 1:58 PM
>
> My point was more that the possibility  of virus attacks makes the
> assumption that "the core is overprovisioned and will never be short
of
> bandwidth for emergency services" a bit less sure.
> 

Janet,

My challenge to you or Stu is to prepare a design criteria by which
overprovisioning would be *acceptable*.  It is another issue to see if a
service provider could actually provision to that level (which you
doubt).

How about this (as Ran said) - the sum of all access rates is less than
the rate of the core link?  Maybe the core also has to be fully
connected, so no merging of bulk traffic streams occurs in the core?

Cory

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Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 16:47:47 -0500
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Fred Baker [mailto:fred@cisco.com]
> I have used the term "glittering generality" in the past; I still
think
> the
> requirements stated are difficult to implement against.

So what is the difference between a glittering generality and a high
level requirement?

Cory

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Wed Jul 10 18:20:40 2002
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At 04:47 PM 7/10/2002 -0500, Beard, Cory wrote:
>So what is the difference between a glittering generality and a high
>level requirement?

Let me answer with an example.

If you tell me "must be able to authenticate 100,000 users at 1000 
authentications per second with essentially zero probability of a false 
authentication", I can propose a number of potential implementations, and I 
can tell you whether I achieved that. If you tell me "must 
cryptographically authenticate using the AES...", you have specified a 
solution, and I can't propose an alternative such as one-time passwords. If 
you tell me "must be able to authenticate folks", I dunno, is it OK if I 
call their wives and ask them to come look at the guy and vouch that he's 
their respective husband?

I need to know what problem needs to be solved, and I need to be able to 
tell whether I have solved it. The statement needs to be sufficiently 
open-ended to allow creativity in solving it, and needs to be realistic, 
but it needs to be specific enough so that if I produce a solution that 
solves the statement, it will in fact make you happy with the resulting system.

I'm looking for a set of statements that tell me
(a) what problem needs to be solved
(b) enough discussion so that I can directly understand the alternatives 
and trade-offs
(c) no early binding to a solution
(d) what, if I don't achieve it, makes a proposed solution untenable


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 11 01:15:54 2002
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Dear Fred,
 
This is in response to your comment below on Friday, June 28 about my draft draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt.
 
> I'm not sure what the intersection of talauliker and baker's drafts are; 
> from my perspective, it sounds like a submission to diffserv more than a 
> submission to ieprep. We'll discuss it given time, and see what we want to 
> with it. I note that diffserv didn't choose to standardize the RIO 
> chanism, or Cisco's WRED mechanism, or Lucent's approach, or the approach 
> commended by Van and Kathy called RED-Lite, or any of a list of others. 
> Diffserv rather chose to identify AQM mechanisms as a class of equally 
> acceptable algorithms. I also note that there is little substantive 
> difference between what this proposes and an AF service which treats all 
> emergency traffic as AFn1 traffic.
 
This draft is very much a submission to the IEPREP cause. If you notice, the draft is suggesting a solution for providing priority treatment for EMERGENCY TRAFFIC in a SPECIFIC domain - i.e. a 
DIFFSERV domain. We are also working on finding a solution for the same problem in a current "best effort network". However the solution space for best effort gets mired by the orthogonal issues 
like ISP compliance and economic feasibility etc. Although I cannot disagree that the draft can also be submitted to a purely diffserv WG.
 
> I note that diffserv didn't choose to standardize the RIO 
> chanism, or Cisco's WRED mechanism, or Lucent's approach, or the approach 
> commended by Van and Kathy called RED-Lite, or any of a list of others. 
> Diffserv rather chose to identify AQM mechanisms as a class of equally 
> acceptable algorithms.
 
I completely agree with this remark of yours as far as the Diffserv idealogy is concerned. However theres some misunderstanding of my ideas here. The draft is NOT proposing any proprietary solution 
from the list that you mentioned above. Rather it is proposing the use of RIO - (a much useful RED variant) - as a technology, an idea - not RED as a product developed by some company. 
I would like to reiterate that RFC 2597 recommends that AQM be used to realize the multiple DP in the AF PHB and that the most widely used AQM scheme is RED. We at UMKC have done a preliminary 
evaluation of the several ways to extend RED to a Multilevel RED (MRED) algorithm suitable for the AF PHB. And based upon our finding this draft suggests the use of RIO (RED with in/out) to protect 
Emergency traffic.
 
> I also note that there is little substantive 
> difference between what this proposes and an AF service which treats all 
> emergency traffic as AFn1 traffic.
 
I strongly disagree with this comment for the following reasons:
 
1. This draft does not say that we assign ALL emergency traffic with the highest possible AF codepoint such as say AFn1. Thats definitely NOT the case. We have clearly stated that the traffic 
conditioner used at the ingress router in a Diffserv domain would mark the incoming flows with appropriate AF/EF codepoints, NOT necessarily with AFn1. And we also mentioned in the draft that a 
standard allocation policy does not exist although you have given a good example configuration in draft-baker-ieps-requirements-00.txt.
 
2. Secondly we do NOT say give lowest drop precedence color to ALL emergency traffic. Instead the draft proposes a MULTI-LEVEL drop precedence over AF/EF queues. So it is quite possible that while 
an Emergency Voice packet might get GREEN color, another Emergency packet, say an Email packet, might be given YELLOW color. As of now, we are open to such a coloring scheme - again for the lack of 
any standard coloring scheme. 
 
This draft is fairly influenced by the idea mentioned in section 3.3 of  "draft-beard-ieprep-requirements-00.txt" that 
 
>>->   Quality of service for emergency communication services does not
>>->   necessarily mean better quality of voice/video as compared to what
>>->   is available to normal users. The same QoS classes, which are
>>->   already defined for normal traffic, can be utilized for emergency
>>->   traffic as well. The fundamental quality of service requirement for 
>>->   priority traffic is this - better than best effort service.
 
All this effort is based on one assumption that - simply assigning ALL Emergency traffic to AFn1 will NOT solve the problem EFFICIENTLY. If however you think my approach is wrong, then 
please let me know and also suggest an alternative if possible.
 
Also if you think its appropriate then these ideas can be merged with your draft - which might be a good idea too!
 
I understand that what I am proposing is to use Diffserv for a purpose that it was not designed for. And the networking community is not going to be very happy about it. But thats the best that can 
be done today if we want to provide a Priority (aka differentiated) Service to Emergency traffic in a Differentiated domain. Being the coauthor of the Diffserv RFC, you are the best person who can 
guide me in this.
 
Any questions comments are very welcome.

Regards,
 
Salil Talauliker
School of Interdisciplinary Computing and Engineering
University of Missouri-Kansas City.
sut0b6@umkc.edu
 
 
References:
----------
draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
draft-baker-ieps-requirements-00.txt
draft-beard-ieprep-requirements-00.txt



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From: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>
To: "'Beard, Cory'" <beardc@umkc.edu>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 10:38:23 -0400
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I guess I am still not being clear.

While overprovisioning is definitely a "good thing" from a performance
perspective, it is not a panacea.

No matter what the ratio of core capacity to edge capacity, I suspect that
SOMEONE could come up with a "virus" (using that term in its most general
sense) which could use up enough of the core capacity to cause congestion.
For instance, it is within the realms of possibility for malicious code (or
even an innocent error) to corrupt switches and routers.  Remember when an
entire frame relay network went down due to a software upgrade?

So adding more capacity isn't the only answer.  And implementing security
measures isn't the only answer.   It would also be a "good thing" to have
some sort of contingency plan for what to do (specifically for IEPREP
traffic) IF there is congestion in the core.

To make a (rough) historical analogy, the Maginot line was a "good thing",
but it wasn't sufficient.  And making the Maginot line taller and more
heavily armed wouldn't have helped.  What would have helped would have been
to have some contingency plans for what to do IF the Germans got
through/around the Maginot line.

That is my only point.  Anytime someone says "X can't happen, therefore I am
not going to worry about X", I start to worry.

Now, maybe the probability of something/someone causing congestion in the
core is so low, and the cost of any kind of contingency plan (whether just
for IEPREP, or for all legitimate traffic) is so high that "we just have to
live with it."  OK, that I can accept.  But not even EXAMINING possible
contingency plans because "it can't happen" seems short sighted to me.

Congestion is much more likely at the edges, and our primary focus should be
there.  But we shouldn't ignore the core.

Janet

-----Original Message-----
From: Beard, Cory [mailto:beardc@umkc.edu]
Sent: Wednesday, July 10, 2002 5:51 PM
To: ieprep; Gunn, Janet NE
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Gunn, Janet NE [mailto:Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 10, 2002 1:58 PM
>
> My point was more that the possibility  of virus attacks makes the
> assumption that "the core is overprovisioned and will never be short
of
> bandwidth for emergency services" a bit less sure.
> 

Janet,

My challenge to you or Stu is to prepare a design criteria by which
overprovisioning would be *acceptable*.  It is another issue to see if a
service provider could actually provision to that level (which you
doubt).

How about this (as Ran said) - the sum of all access rates is less than
the rate of the core link?  Maybe the core also has to be fully
connected, so no merging of bulk traffic streams occurs in the core?

Cory

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 11 15:51:37 2002
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> No matter what the ratio of core capacity to edge capacity, I suspect that
> SOMEONE could come up with a "virus" (using that term in its most general
> sense) which could use up enough of the core capacity to cause congestion.

and similarly, someone could come up with an attack on the complex qos
systems you seem to be advocating to overcome this.

randy


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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Thu Jul 11 16:11:54 2002
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From: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>
To: "'Randy Bush'" <randy@psg.com>
Cc: "'Beard, Cory'" <beardc@umkc.edu>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
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I am NOT advocating any particular solution.  I just don't want to see it
dismissed as a "non-problem".

Yes, complex QoS systems would also be vulnerable to targeted attacks.

I am not sure which (monopolizing core capacity, or disrupting QoS systems)
is a more inviting target- I guess it depends on the attacker's motives. 

And personally I think that (for IP telephony, at least) variants on the
"call setup" process would be more useful than complex QoS systems.  For
instance I recently read an article (it is sitting on my dining room table
at home, so I don't have the reference handy) about schemes for finding
alternate paths when RSVP can't find the needed capacity on the primary
route.  (I'll post the reference tonight.)  I am not necessarily advocating
that either.  I just don't think that "congestion in the core" should be
completely ignored.

Janet

-----Original Message-----
From: Randy Bush [mailto:randy@psg.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 3:51 PM
To: Gunn, Janet NE
Cc: 'Beard, Cory'; ieprep
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt


> No matter what the ratio of core capacity to edge capacity, I suspect that
> SOMEONE could come up with a "virus" (using that term in its most general
> sense) which could use up enough of the core capacity to cause congestion.

and similarly, someone could come up with an attack on the complex qos
systems you seem to be advocating to overcome this.

randy

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul 12 08:32:36 2002
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From: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>
To: "Gunn, Janet NE" <Janet.Gunn@DynCorp.com>,
        "'Randy Bush'"
	 <randy@psg.com>
Cc: "'Beard, Cory'" <beardc@umkc.edu>, ieprep <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt
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The June 2002 issue of IEEE Communications has a sereis of articles on QoS
Routing, which is what caught my attenetion.

-----Original Message-----
From: Gunn, Janet NE 
Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 4:11 PM
To: 'Randy Bush'
Cc: 'Beard, Cory'; ieprep
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt


I am NOT advocating any particular solution.  I just don't want to see it
dismissed as a "non-problem".

Yes, complex QoS systems would also be vulnerable to targeted attacks.

I am not sure which (monopolizing core capacity, or disrupting QoS systems)
is a more inviting target- I guess it depends on the attacker's motives. 

And personally I think that (for IP telephony, at least) variants on the
"call setup" process would be more useful than complex QoS systems.  For
instance I recently read an article (it is sitting on my dining room table
at home, so I don't have the reference handy) about schemes for finding
alternate paths when RSVP can't find the needed capacity on the primary
route.  (I'll post the reference tonight.)  I am not necessarily advocating
that either.  I just don't think that "congestion in the core" should be
completely ignored.

Janet

-----Original Message-----
From: Randy Bush [mailto:randy@psg.com]
Sent: Thursday, July 11, 2002 3:51 PM
To: Gunn, Janet NE
Cc: 'Beard, Cory'; ieprep
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-00.txt


> No matter what the ratio of core capacity to edge capacity, I suspect that
> SOMEONE could come up with a "virus" (using that term in its most general
> sense) which could use up enough of the core capacity to cause congestion.

and similarly, someone could come up with an attack on the complex qos
systems you seem to be advocating to overcome this.

randy

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Fri Jul 12 12:55:25 2002
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Subject: RE: [Ieprep] Re: draft-talauliker-ieprep-diffserv-00.txt
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Fred and Alistair.

To be clear, our idea is to use AF classes for some emergency traffic,
some of which would use AFn1.

We go beyond that to say, however, that AF should be implemented in a
more limited way than RFC 2597 specifies.  Simply giving highest drop
precedence to emergency traffic is not enough.  We need to use a scheme
that effectively protects emergency traffic in AF queues.

Therefore, we propose the use of mechanisms that treat precedence in a
multi-level fashion where high loads from lower drop precedences do not
substantially affect higher drop precedence traffic.  Many RED variants
use a single queue fill metric to apply dropping to all precedence
levels.  A multi-level approach uses multiple queue fill metrics, one
per drop precedence level.

Variants of this approach have been called RIO (RED with In and Out),
MRED (Multi-level RED), etc.

As for this being a BCP, we follow Scott's comment in Minneapolis that a
BCP is not so much "best current practice" as it is "best current
thinking" or "best current recommendations".  The goal of this document,
therefore, is to say "This is the ieprep WG's recommendation on how to
support emergency services using Diffserv."  

The draft is decidedly lacking in simulation results, since they are not
complete yet.  We could have waited until later to submit the draft, but
wanted to be timely with the activity and goals of the WG.  Besides, we
do not believe the conclusions would change, just the specifics of a
preferred MRED algorithm and drop threshold levels/shaping functions.

Cory

-----
Dr. Cory Beard 
Assistant Professor
Division of Computer Science/Eletrical Engineering
School of Interdisciplinary Computing and Engineering
University of Missouri-Kansas City 
(816) 235-1550, Fax: (816) 235-1260 
http://unofficial.umkc.edu/beardc/

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From ieprep-admin@ietf.org  Mon Jul 15 19:45:57 2002
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On Wed, 10 Jul 2002, Gunn, Janet NE wrote:
> Do we also have to consider the possibility of "some kind of virus"
> (terrorist inspired or otherwise) generating a large amount of traffic, and
> "using up" the overprovisioning?
>
>  Or is that a red-herring?

Its a red herring.  The existing GETS service has a number of
vulnerabilities, including "some kind of virus" terrorist inspired or
otherwise.  Bill Gates will pay everyone $1,000 who can guess the
secret code number by dialing the special number 1-710-627-4387 and
entering your guess.  Enter as often as you can.  No purchase necessary.

Depsite the fact the engineers could not solve every potential problem
someone could think up, GETS was deployed with those vulnerabilities.
Heck, GETS still has problems with 710 special access code not being
recognized by some switches.

It is extremely unlikely all problems will ever be solved.

The question remains, what problem are you trying to solve?



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I have just uploaded a proposed revision to the revised requirements ID as a
result of discussions on the side with several people this week for
discussion during the ieprep meeting this afternoon. It is available at:

ftp://iepscheme.net/pub/ieps/docs/draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-hfedits.pdf







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Subject: [Ieprep] pointers to sip change and calling party category mapping to the tel URL
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Hi,

As I mentioned at the meeting today in reference to the ISUP-SIP Gap 
analysis, we have a process established for dealing with changes and 
extensions to SIP.  Since many of you are new to the IETF, I am 
providing a pointer to this process:

http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tsvarea-sipchange-02.txt

The often mentioned proposal for a Resource-Priority header is an 
individual internet draft which may be a completely reasonable mechanism 
to address the IEPREP requirements, but cannot be evaluated or progress 
until we see the relevant requirements.

also relevant to the draft there is an individual I-D that describes 
mapping the Calling Party Category to parameters in the tel URL:

http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-peterson-tel-cpc-00.txt

hope this helps.
thanks,
-rohan


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Before I post the minutes to minutes@ietf.org, I'd appreciate any comments 
on them.

  ftp://ftpeng.cisco.com/fred/ieprep-july/


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From daemon@optimus.ietf.org  Wed Jul 24 15:45:13 2002
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Subject: Re: [Ieprep] Revised Rqmts ID
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At 09:46 AM 7/16/2002 -0400, Folts, Harold wrote:
>I have just uploaded a proposed revision to the revised requirements ID as a
>result of discussions on the side with several people this week for
>discussion during the ieprep meeting this afternoon. It is available at:
>
>ftp://iepscheme.net/pub/ieps/docs/draft-ietf-ieprep-requirements-hfedits.pdf

Let's have a fairly focused discussion on this document.

The question before the house is: having read it,

         - does it give us enough of an overview, in the user requirements 
section,
           so that we can intuitively understand the issues?
         - does it tell us what technical problem needs to be solved in 
clear enough
           language that we can propose mechanisms to solve it?
         - does it give us enough information to help us decide which among 
multiple
           possible solutions is appropriate?
         - what detail is present that isn't related to requirements?


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From daemon@optimus.ietf.org  Wed Jul 24 16:43:53 2002
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From: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
To: "'Fred Baker'" <fred@cisco.com>,
        "'ieprep List \(E-mail\)'" <ieprep@ietf.org>
Cc: "'ieprep List \(E-mail\)'" <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] Revised Rqmts ID
Date: Wed, 24 Jul 2002 21:44:51 +0100
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Hi All,

I have spotted a number of minor editorials in Hal's revised draft that
I could fix more easily if I had the txt version. Can Hal supply this?

Back on topic, some initial suggestions:

> 
>         - does it give us enough of an overview, in the user 
>           requirements section, so that we can intuitively 
>           understand the issues?

I would prefer to see the security issues extracted as a separate item
in the list. Currently they seem to be split between (8) and (10), plus
any additional text appropriate from Ian's draft (as was suggested at
the meeting). Remove section 8.

Item 4: is a bit discursive. Suggest: "Emergency communications sessions
to receive preferential treatment to improve probability of connection
completion and normal termination over normal sessions under conditions
of congestion or saturation". In relation to this, keep 5.4 where it is.

Item 6: reword - there is no user requirement to transit multiple
providers, but we expect it to happen. Suggest: "Transparent national
and international access to emergency services implying cooperation
between service providers under some circumstances".

"
>         - does it tell us what technical problem needs to be solved in

>           clear enough language that we can propose mechanisms to
solve it?

I find the list clear enough and complete at a top level. I think the
drafts from Ken and Ian provide a good basis for tutorial material on
the solution space to meet these requirements without imposing
constraints while highlighting issues - I promised Ken some input on
this. Is it considered the right way to go?

>         - does it give us enough information to help us decide which 
>           among multiple possible solutions is appropriate?

I would prefer not to have this sort of material in the requirements.
Having spent the effort to get solutions out of this draft, maybe there
is now too little information but IMO it's better that way.

>         - what detail is present that isn't related to requirements?

I am happy with the non-requirements text. Mostly it is useful
background and motivation. I still think section 1.1 should be retitled
"GETS - a motivating example" but I'm happy to keep it in section 1.

Regards,

Alistair

--
Dr. Alistair Munro,
Chief Systems Engineer, Degree2 Innovations Ltd.
Regus House, 1 Friary, Temple Quay, Bristol, BS1 6EA, U.K.
E-mail: Alistair.Munro@degree2.com
Tel: (work) +44-117-900-8114, (home) +44-1275-462707, (mobile)
+44-7974-922-442;
Fax: +44-117-900-8151
Web: http://www.u4eagroup.com




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From daemon@optimus.ietf.org  Wed Jul 24 17:24:23 2002
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To: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
From: Fred Baker <fred@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] Revised Rqmts ID
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At 09:44 PM 7/24/2002 +0100, Alistair Munro wrote:
> >         - does it give us enough information to help us decide which
> >           among multiple possible solutions is appropriate?
>
>I would prefer not to have this sort of material in the requirements.
>Having spent the effort to get solutions out of this draft, maybe there
>is now too little information but IMO it's better that way.

There is a bit of a balance that has to be struck there, I agree, but in my 
opinion it is possible to place requirements that help us sort out 
solutions without specifying the solutions to be sorted out.

Take one example, one I mentioned in a too-hasty note a couple of weeks 
ago. As a user requirement, Hal says

         (2)Capability to rapidly authenticate users who are authorized to 
have access to
           emergency telecommunication services and to ensure maintenance 
of the user
           authentication in processing emergency communication through the 
network
           infrastructure.

And as technical requirements Hal has three numbered but empty sections 
that say
         3.2.3 Authentication of user/application
         3.2.6 Preserving authentication during transit
         3.2.7 Authorization of users for specific services/privileges

I find myself itching for some definitions. How "rapidly" must users be 
authenticated? Is this a matter of a couple of folks coming an hour apart 
to get a cookie that will serve them all day, or 10,000 folks, each coming 
for a separate cookie for each transaction, and by the way each producing 
transactions as quickly as they can wave a stylus on their PDAs?

How strong of authentication is required? In the PSTN, for GETS, we use a 
proof-by-assertion mechanism in calling the 710 area code, and then punch 
in a 32 digit number read off the back of a credit card. This is presumably 
sufficient in the PSTN, but I have to say I think it might be mostly 
because of the extreme limitations on the things that can present calls in 
the PSTN. As noted during the meeting, there are issues with that approach 
in the IP Network - you'd be amazed how many apparent calls to the 710 area 
code a script kiddie can generate if one were to put his or her mind to it. 
So what I get out of the draft is that, since nothing else is said, GETS 
uses a credit card with a PIN code on it, and that is probably fine for the 
IP Internet. But sez me who knows that script kiddies perpetrate thousands 
to tens of thousands of denial of service attacks in the Internet every 
week, and are deliberately destructive, I don't think that's adequate 
(humorous aside at http://ars.userfriendly.org/cartoons/?id=20010523). So I 
find myself wondering whether 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-peterson-sip-identity-01.txt 
presents a useful direction - I know Rohan Mahy thinks it does. The issues 
I'm bringing out here, I suspect, are in fact *requirements* that the 
system must respond to. Not to say "thou shalt do Peterson's thing", but 
"it's fairly important that a script kiddie not be able to take out the ETS 
infrastructure".

"Authorization of users..." by whom? Is there more than one server (say, 
one for US NCS, another for UK's counterpart, and others for other such 
entities), or is there one server for the whole world? What is a user? Is 
it a person, or are anonymous persons or groups of persons reasonable to 
discuss?

"Preserving authentication during transit" - transit between what and what? 
Between IP networks? Between from the Internet to the PSTN? From the PSTN 
to the Internet? From PSTN to PSTN though the Internet? At what point is 
re-authentication acceptable? For example, if I have strong authentication 
like Peterson in the Internet and I hand the call off to the PSTN, it's 
likely to have a 710 area code in it...

It seems that we can place requirements here that help us sort out the 
applicability of separate solutions without going into the solutions 
themselves. In the above discussion I have mentioned two solutions - one to 
say that it appears to be accepted but I have a problem with it as a 
solution, and one to say that it is a potential solution on the table 
without saying anything about it. I suspect that I could have had the 
discussion without mentioning the latter at all, if I was sure that 
everyone knew about the existence of such potential solutions. My point is 
to get the requirements detailed enough that we can actually analyze the 
applicability of solutions, without having the requirements say "implement 
my solution".


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From daemon@optimus.ietf.org  Wed Jul 24 17:51:29 2002
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From: "Alistair Munro" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>
To: "'Fred Baker'" <fred@cisco.com>
Cc: <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] Revised Rqmts ID
Date: Wed, 24 Jul 2002 22:52:35 +0100
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Hi Fred,

> > >         - does it give us enough information to help us 
> decide which
> > >           among multiple possible solutions is appropriate?
> >
> >I would prefer not to have this sort of material in the 
> requirements. 
> >Having spent the effort to get solutions out of this draft, 
> maybe there 
> >is now too little information but IMO it's better that way.
> 
> There is a bit of a balance that has to be struck there, I 
> agree, but in my 
> opinion it is possible to place requirements that help us sort out 
> solutions without specifying the solutions to be sorted out.
> 

Yes, there is an issue of balance and I'm struggling a bit with it right
now. I think the 3.2.n subsections are the right place to restore it and
I'll put some suggestions together. I think we could focus on parameters
appropriate to the sub-sections, possible performance bounds and risks,
i.e. what the solution should do and should not do - requirements that
sort sheep solutions from goats (as you suggest).

Your example gives me some ideas for these bits and some material that
could also complement Ian's security draft. Let me chew over it a while
until tomorrow.

Regards,

Alistair

--
Dr. Alistair Munro,
Chief Systems Engineer, Degree2 Innovations Ltd.
Regus House, 1 Friary, Temple Quay, Bristol, BS1 6EA, U.K.
E-mail: Alistair.Munro@degree2.com
Tel: (work) +44-117-900-8114, (home) +44-1275-462707, (mobile)
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From: "Folts, Harold" <foltsh@ncs.gov>
To: "'Alistair Munro'" <alistair.munro@degree2.com>,
        "'Fred Baker'"
	 <fred@cisco.com>,
        "'ieprep List (E-mail)'" <ieprep@ietf.org>
Cc: "'ieprep List (E-mail)'" <ieprep@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Ieprep] Revised Rqmts ID
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 2002 07:42:16 -0400
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alistair Munro [mailto:alistair.munro@degree2.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, July 24, 2002 4:45 PM
> To: 'Fred Baker'; 'ieprep List (E-mail)'
> Cc: 'ieprep List (E-mail)'
> Subject: RE: [Ieprep] Revised Rqmts ID
> 
> 
> Hi All,
> 
> I have spotted a number of minor editorials in Hal's revised 
> draft that
> I could fix more easily if I had the txt version. Can Hal supply this?

I am now preparing the .txt edition of the ID. I hope to post it Monday.

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From daemon@optimus.ietf.org  Thu Jul 25 08:11:10 2002
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Internet Emergency Preparedness Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Recommended Packet Marking Policy
	Author(s)	: F. Baker
	Filename	: draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy-01.txt
	Pages		: 20
	Date		: 24-Jul-02
	
This paper summarizes a recommended correlation of applications to
Differentiated Service Code Points.  There is no intrinsic
requirement that individual DSCPs correspond to given applications,
but as a policy it is useful if they can be applied consistently.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ieprep-packet-marking-policy-01.txt

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From daemon@optimus.ietf.org  Sat Jul 27 18:54:12 2002
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Another proposal supporting emergency services

http://www.acm.org/sigcomm/sigcomm2002/papers/sos.html




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From daemon@optimus.ietf.org  Sat Jul 27 21:06:20 2002
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From: senthil ayyasamy <mplsgeek@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [Ieprep] SOS: Secure Overlay Services
To: Sean Donelan <sean@donelan.com>, ieprep@ietf.org
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> Another proposal supporting emergency services
> 
>
http://www.acm.org/sigcomm/sigcomm2002/papers/sos.html
> 

These days one can find lot of literature relating to
prevention of  DDoS attacks and other types of
malicious intrusions. Pick a topic..You can find a
work relating to fault tolerance and robustness. Some
people even call for *robustness considerations* like
*security considerations* in IETF RFCs :-).The
research starts from exterme networking, sensor
networks, peer to peer, CDN and many types of resilent
overlay networks. But these technologies are in
research  stage and doesnt consider practical
requirements.

   The above sigcomm 2002 paper is one among them
providing fault tolerance in overlay networks. 
But one important property which overlay networks
doesnt concur but is otherwise paramount to 
internet : *scalability* and if you go by randy et
all arch guidelines draft: overlay networks will 
increase the *complexity*. But an interesting 
research topic.
- senthil


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