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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Mar 01 03:44:38 2006
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Date: Wed, 01 Mar 2006 16:39:57 +0900
To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@bbiw.net>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [IEE] WG Review: Email Address Internationalization (eai)
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Hello Dave,

At 17:47 06/02/27, you wrote:

 >> It may be the first time somebody is saying that using all 8 bits
 >> that TCP/IP provides needs a research effort.
 >
 >Since it is not what I said, it probably does not help dialogue to 
represent my concern this way.

Sorry to start my comments with this somewhat provocative and
simplifying statement.

You still may want to answer the rest of my mail.

I also agree with what Yangwoo Ko has said, and you seem to agree
to a large extent, too. My understanding is that we are all not
sure how well deployment will work, and we are very well aware
of the fact that deployment will be critical, and we need to work
hard to try to come up with finetuned proposals that do the best
in this respect.

Taking that back to the IRTF vs. Experimental discussion, it seems
to me that the only way to do research (if you want to call it that)
about deployment issues is to actually try to, at least experimentally,
deploy the technology. Testing out different alternatives/configurations/
settings as one would usually do in research doesn't seem like an
option. In my view even the Experimental stamp will hold back some
real-world deployment that might happen with Proposed. That's why
I said that I personally preferred Standards track: It's better to
go to Proposed and if necessary later to historical/obsolete than to
do IRTF or Experimental and miss a deployment opportunity because
we never actually really tried.


Regards,     Martin. 


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Thu Mar 02 11:42:12 2006
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Subject: [IEE] Current list of EAI related drafts
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The following list of drafts are related to EAI (the proto-WG formerly 
known as IEE and IMA):

Problem/framing:

draft-alvestrand-i18mail-scenarios
draft-klensin-ima-constraints

Solution:

draft-klensin-ima-framework
draft-yeh-ima-utf8headers
draft-yao-ima-smtpext
draft-yoneya-ima-downgrade (if -01 comes through)
draft-newman-ima-pop

I wrote the first one on the list to attempt to answer Keith Moore's 
question that I interpreted as "what do you mean when you say 'email 
works'". If the IESG chooses to ask me to function as chair for this WG, 
it needs another editor.

The second one is intended as an input piece, not as WG output.

Please send a note if I've overlooked one!

                 Harald


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Dear Dave Crocker,

Thanks for good points. Please find my replies embedded below.

Regards

Dave Crocker wrote:

>
> > Dicussion between Dave and John, quoted above, can be understood as how
>
>> significant it will be? I'd rather interpret the "significance" in 
>> somewhat different aspect.
>
>
> I think you have describe the question correctly.
>
> I think that a change in the form of email addresses that can cause 
> delivery to fail should be considered significant.

(Off-topic) Are we "changing the form" of email addresses? As a 
non-native English
speaker, it is always very hard to grasp various meanings and usages of 
English words.
I think we are just "adding more forms" thanks to the nice property of 
UTF-8.

(On) Delivery failure is not always bad. Through a failure notice, a 
user is able to see that
he/she should use alternative addresses if available. Though I don't 
think this type of human
assisted address alternation is the best engineering solution, it is 
still one of valuable
options we can take.

>
> It can/will partition the functional infrastructure.
>
>
>> As we assume, it seems to be relatively easy to do IMA only between 
>> agreed parties. The real devil lies at the boundary.
>
>
> Yes.  Exactly correct.
>
>
>> However good news is that, as a design team of this extention, we 
>> have a knob that controls how significantly we want to change the 
>> infrastructure. For example, in one extreme, we can just drop any 
>> mail that tries to cross the boundary. On the other extreme, every 
>> part of the Internet infrastructure is required to be upgraded 
>> somehow to support IMA so perfectly that users cannot even recognize 
>> that there is such boundary. In order to make IMA more usable, we 
>> want to deviate from the former extreme as much as possible. In order 
>> to make IMA be more practical, we cannot but deviate from the other 
>> extreme.
>
>
> How does a design team control the operational behavior of boundary 
> MTAs?  The experience with gatewaying between independent mail 
> services is that it is a challenge, at best.

I don't see your point. If a standard cannot define the behavior
of "compliant" components, then what is that standard for?

Or, are you saying that it is impossible to standardize the
behavior of gateways because the complexity of gatewaying
is simply beyond the human-being's brain power?

> Further, the experience with the use of "private" IP Addresses within 
> networks is they leak out into the public Internet.

Yes. They will leak regardless of how hard we try to
design the right thing. However, we have defined private IP address
range and users are using it everyday. Because it is very useful to
solve many real issues.

No one can say that I18N addresses will not leak at all. Users who
are not using EAI-enabled components will get hurt from time
to time. It seems impossible (or at least impractically hard) to avoid
this type of uncomfort completely. If IETF as a community
has a rough consensus that any form of leak with any frequency is
significant and  any new idea leading to that significant change should
be dealt by IRTF, then let EAI be discussed at IRTF.

>
> In the last 25 years, there have been somewhere between 0 and few 
> efforts to affect basic deliverability.  (DSN is the possible 
> exception and it's adoption history provides quite an education.)
>
> d/
>



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I wish there were something that could be done about the conflict
between eai Email Address Internationalization BOF and dkim Domain Keys
Identified Mail WG, both Monday 1:00 - 3:00.

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com


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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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Dear Folks,

draft-yoneya-ima-downgrade-01 has published.

-- 
Yoshiro YONEYA <yone@jprs.co.jp>

On Thu, 02 Mar 2006 17:42:03 +0100 Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> The following list of drafts are related to EAI (the proto-WG formerly 
> known as IEE and IMA):
> 
> Problem/framing:
> 
> draft-alvestrand-i18mail-scenarios
> draft-klensin-ima-constraints
> 
> Solution:
> 
> draft-klensin-ima-framework
> draft-yeh-ima-utf8headers
> draft-yao-ima-smtpext
> draft-yoneya-ima-downgrade (if -01 comes through)
> draft-newman-ima-pop
> 
> I wrote the first one on the list to attempt to answer Keith Moore's 
> question that I interpreted as "what do you mean when you say 'email 
> works'". If the IESG chooses to ask me to function as chair for this WG, 
> it needs another editor.
> 
> The second one is intended as an input piece, not as WG output.
> 
> Please send a note if I've overlooked one!
> 
>                  Harald
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
> 

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Downgrading mechanism for Internationalized eMail Address (IMA)
	Author(s)	: Y. Yoneya, K. Fujiwara
	Filename	: draft-yoneya-ima-downgrade-01.txt
	Pages		: 13
	Date		: 2006-3-9
	
Traditional mail system handles only US-ASCII characters in SMTP
envelope and mail headers.  The Internationalized eMail Address (IMA)
is implemented by allowing UTF-8 characters in SMTP envelope and mail
headers.  To deliver IMA through IMA incompliant environment, some
sort of converting mechanism (i.e. downgrading) is required.  This
document describes requirements for downgrading, SMTP session
downgrade, header downgrade and implementation consideration.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yoneya-ima-downgrade-01.txt

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This has now been resolved - EAI is meeting on Monday from 1740 to 1840, 
in the Chantilly W room (opposite PANA, SHIM6, XCON, RTGAREA, SMIME and 
PMTUD).

Some people may have a problem with SMIME...

                              Harald

Tony Hansen wrote:
> I wish there were something that could be done about the conflict
> between eai Email Address Internationalization BOF and dkim Domain Keys
> Identified Mail WG, both Monday 1:00 - 3:00.
>
> 	Tony Hansen
> 	tony@att.com
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>
>   


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sun Mar 12 15:13:17 2006
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Harald Alvestrand wrote:
> This has now been resolved - EAI is meeting on Monday from 1740 to 1840, 
> in the Chantilly W room (opposite PANA, SHIM6, XCON, RTGAREA, SMIME and 
> PMTUD).
> 
> Some people may have a problem with SMIME...


Dandy news.  Thanks!

It appears EAI extends to the following session, 1850-1950. ASRG is during that 
session, though its IRTF, not IETF.

d/

ps. The comment about SMIME was meant to refer to the meeting schedule, or was 
it perhaps a more global assessment...?

-- 

Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
<http://bbiw.net>

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--On Sunday, 12 March, 2006 20:28 +0100 Harald Alvestrand
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> This has now been resolved - EAI is meeting on Monday from
> 1740 to 1840, in the Chantilly W room (opposite PANA, SHIM6,
> XCON, RTGAREA, SMIME and PMTUD).

>From the agenda, this looks like 1740-1950 (two consecutive one
hour slots).

> Some people may have a problem with SMIME...

And some people may have a problem with one or more of XCOM,
ASRG, and/or PKIX, but I think this is a better compromise than
conflicting with DKIM.

      john



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Yangwoo Ko,


>> I think that a change in the form of email addresses that can cause 
>> delivery to fail should be considered significant.
> 
> (Off-topic) Are we "changing the form" of email addresses? As a 
> non-native English
> speaker, it is always very hard to grasp various meanings and usages of 
> English words.
> I think we are just "adding more forms" thanks to the nice property of 
> UTF-8.

(I think your English is excellent, and that asking about my use of "form", 
here, is entirely reasonable, even among native English speakers.)

A basic justification for using 'native' UTF-8 is that it is now very widely 
available on end-user systems.  Indeed, this is a powerful argument for doing 
things differently today than has been done in the past. That is, this is the 
reason to use UTF-8, for the larger set of characters -- rather than to perform 
a special encoding on top of existing net ASCII.

So I hope it is clear that the concern I am expressing is not with the choice to 
use 'native' UTF-8.  Originally I questioned this choice, but I now think that 
the justification for doing UTF-8 is quite solid.  (Forgive my quoting the word 
native, but I like to keep in mind that UTF-8, itself, is merely an encoding of 
the native data form.  As was pointed out, we tend to not even use the correct 
name for that form.)

However, I think that the change being described is quite basic, because it 
means that legacy email implementations will not be able to process addresses 
that are in the new form.  This means that the new email address rules will 
create a separate, parallel name space.

(I suppose that, strictly speaking, the new space is a superset -- I think this 
is what you mean by "adding more forms" and I believe your are correct. However, 
this upgrade means that old email systems cannot directly exchange mail with new 
environments.  This is, of course, a very basic disruption to Internet mail 
service.)

In order to exchange mail between the new and the old environments there MUST be 
a gateway -- and I mean gateway in the true sense: a relay that modifies the 
message, in order to overcome incompatibilities between the two environments.

Most significant is that this incompatibility is with addressing.  An impact 
does not get any more basic, for email.

(By the way, folks are using the term "downgrading" and I believe that that is 
technically incorrect.  Downgrading usually means that information is lost.  I 
believe that a gateway between legacy email and EAI email will merely encode the 
address differently,rather than lose any addressing information detail.  If this 
understanding is incorrect, it needs to be clarified.)


> (On) Delivery failure is not always bad. Through a failure notice, a 
> user is able to see that
> he/she should use alternative addresses if available. 

Please forgive me for disagreeing.

First of all this creates an enormous burden on end-users, and the average 
end-user will not have any idea how to fix the problem -- or, at least, I think 
that it is unreasonable to expect them to.

Second, the fact that email is store-and-forward can mean that there is 
indirection, such as with mailing lists.  So it is not at all clear that the 
correct entity will receive the notification, or that they will be given enough 
information.


Though I don't
> think this type of human
> assisted address alternation is the best engineering solution, it is 
> still one of valuable
> options we can take.

I think the impact of suddenly finding that email addressing does not always 
work is a rather serious impact on the perceived reliability and easy-of-use, 
Internet mail.


>> How does a design team control the operational behavior of boundary 
>> MTAs?  The experience with gatewaying between independent mail 
>> services is that it is a challenge, at best.
> 
> I don't see your point. If a standard cannot define the behavior
> of "compliant" components, then what is that standard for?

My point is that the EAI effort needs to specify the gateway standard as an 
integral part of the work.  Otherwise we are certain to partition Internet mail.


> Or, are you saying that it is impossible to standardize the
> behavior of gateways because the complexity of gatewaying
> is simply beyond the human-being's brain power?

I believe it is possible to specify the necessary gateway. In fact I suspect 
that this could be one of the more easy gateway specification tasks.

My point is that I believe it cannot be treated as a secondary or optional 
function.  I believe it is in the critical path and must be published at the 
same time as the basic EAI specification.

(Just to make something clear, I am extremely unhappy to hold this view.  I very 
much try to make the critical path as small as possible and I very much try to 
defer work on gateways.)


>> Further, the experience with the use of "private" IP Addresses within 
>> networks is they leak out into the public Internet.
> 
> Yes. They will leak regardless of how hard we try to
> design the right thing. However, we have defined private IP address
> range and users are using it everyday. Because it is very useful to
> solve many real issues.

The difference is that all of the private addresses were specially reserved. 
Hence, it is often possible to detect their inappropriate occurrence, when they 
do leak.

Will that be true for EAI?


>  If IETF as a community
> has a rough consensus that any form of leak with any frequency is
> significant and  any new idea leading to that significant change should
> be dealt by IRTF, then let EAI be discussed at IRTF.

Indeed, it is not reasonable to demand perfection.  However I think it is 
equally unreasonable to treat the impact of this type of imperfection as secondary.

d/
-- 

Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
<http://bbiw.net>

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Agreed. Of the conflicts, this is probably the best compromise.

Thanks!

	Tony

John C Klensin wrote:
> 
> --On Sunday, 12 March, 2006 20:28 +0100 Harald Alvestrand
> <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:
> 
>> This has now been resolved - EAI is meeting on Monday from
>> 1740 to 1840, in the Chantilly W room (opposite PANA, SHIM6,
>> XCON, RTGAREA, SMIME and PMTUD).
> 
>>From the agenda, this looks like 1740-1950 (two consecutive one
> hour slots).
> 
>> Some people may have a problem with SMIME...
> 
> And some people may have a problem with one or more of XCOM,
> ASRG, and/or PKIX, but I think this is a better compromise than
> conflicting with DKIM.


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Agenda for EAI BOF, Dallas IETF

Monday afternoon session I - 1740--1950
(opposite PANA SHIM6 XCON
RTGAREA SMIME PMTUD ASRG PKIX).

17:40 Welcome, blue sheet, scribe, agenda bashing
17:50 Review of WG proposal status
  say whether we're a WG or not, review charter changes
17:55 Problem/framing:
  What are the constraints on the problem we're trying
  to solve?

  Input documents:
     draft-alvestrand-i18mail-scenarios
     draft-klensin-ima-constraints

18:15 Solution:
  What are the properties of our proposed solution?

  Authors get 2 minutes each to introduce their doc, then
  we'd like to give 13 minutes for people to raise issues.

  Input documents:
     18:15 draft-klensin-ima-framework
     18:30 draft-yeh-ima-utf8headers
     18:45 draft-yao-ima-smtpext
     19:00 draft-yoneya-ima-downgrade
     19:15 draft-newman-ima-pop

19:30 The partition issue:
   The claim has been made on the mailing list that changing the
   form of Internet mail addresses will partition email space unless
   gateways are part of the core standard.
   We should discuss this issue explicitly.

19:45 Conclusions, further work and wrap-up

19:50 End


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A new IETF working group has been formed in the Applications Area. For 
additional information, please contact the Area Directors or the WG Chairs.

+++

Email Address Internationalization (eai)
==========================================

Current Status: Active Working Group

Chair(s):
Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no> 

Applications Area Director(s):
Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com> 
Scott Hollenbeck <sah@428cobrajet.net> 

Applications Area Advisor:
Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com> 

Mailing Lists:
General Discussion: ima@ietf.org
To Subscribe: https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
Archive: http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ima/index.html

Description of Working Group:
Since early in the effort to internationalize domain names, which
resulted in the standards associated with IDNA, it has been
understood that internationalization of email address local parts is
required. At the same time, email address internationalization poses
a series of special problems. Constraints on the interpretation of 
local-parts by any system other than the final delivery one make 
address encoding nearly impossible. The need to use addresses in both 
the email envelope and in header fields, and to do so in ways that are 
at least compatible, suggests that this is not a simple and isolated 
problem.

This working group will address one basic approach to email
internationalization. That approach is based on the use of an SMTP
extension to enable both the use of UTF-8 in envelope address local-
parts and optionally in domain-parts and the use of UTF-8 in mail
headers -- both in address contexts and wherever encoded-words are
permitted today. Its initial target will be a set of experimental
RFCs that specify the details of this approach and provide the basis
for generating and testing interoperable implementations. Its work
will include examining whether "downgrading" -- transforming an
internationalized message to one that is compatible with unextended
SMTP clients and servers and unextended MUAs -- is feasible and
appropriate and, if it is, specifying a way to do so. If it is not,
the WG will evaluate whether the effort is worth taking forward.
Other approaches may be considered by the formation of other
working groups.

Key parts of this effort include extended analyses and, if necessary,
proof of concept in three areas in addition to smooth operation when
all systems and components along a message path have been upgraded to
support the new facilities. They are

o Examination of scenarios for the appearance of these facilities to
users, including ways in which alternate addresses may be
specified if those are needed for downgrading.
o Examination of different locations at which downgrading might be
required and accomplished, differentiating between requirements
and capabilities at the point of origin (at or before the
submission server), those that exist while the message is in
transit, and those that apply after SMTP "final delivery" or in
the logical vicinity or an IMAP or POP server.
o Examination of the "mailing list question", i.e., how a mixture of
traditional and internationalized addresses on a mailing list will
impact message flows, error reports, and delivery notifications in
all plausible combinations of servers and addresses, including
internationalizated and traditional reverse paths.

Once the Experimental RFCs are completed and implemented, the
experience gathered will be evaluated. If the approach is found to
have been successful (using criteria the WG will establish as an
early work item), the WG will be rechartered to update the documents
for processing onto the standards track.

1.6. Deliverables

The following deliverables are foreseen in this charter. The WG
chairs may structure the deliverables into specific documents
or document sets as needed. Adding or removing documents
outside of these deliverables will require a charter update.

o Overview and architecture (Info)
o Interworking scenarios, including the "mailing list question"
(Info)
o SMTP extensions specification (Exp)
o Header format specification (Exp)
o Downgrading specification in SMTP (Exp)
o Downgrading specification in POP servers (Exp)
o Downgrading specification in IMAP servers (Exp)
o Results and evaluation of experiment (Info)

Going forward, it is possible that the SMTP downgrading specification
will go for Informational due to the difficulty of fully specifying
all necessary behavior.

Additional possible documents suggested:
Advice for MUA implementors (Info)

Goals and Milestones:
Done    Overview/architecture draft first  
Done    Interworking scenarios first draft  
Done    SMTP Extensions first draft  
Done    Header format first draft  
Mar 2006    Downgrading in SMTP first draft  
Mar 2006    Downgrading in POP first draft  
Mar 2006    Downgrading in IMAP first draft  
Jun 2006    Overview/architecture draft to IESG  
Jun 2006    Interworking scenarios to IESG  
Sep 2006    SMTP Extensions to IESG  
Sep 2006    Header format to IESG  
Sep 2006    Downgrading in SMTP to IESG  
Sep 2006    Downgrading in POP to IESG  
Sep 2006    Downgrading in IMAP to IESG  
Dec 2006    Results and evaluation first draft  
Mar 2007    Results and evaluation to IESG  
Mar 2007    Group recharter for standards track  


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From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: ima@ietf.org
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As you saw from today's announcement, we are now officially a working group.

This doesn't make much of a practical difference - but it DOES mean that we 
don't have to discuss what the WG should do any more; we can concentrate on 
doing it.

See a lot of you in Dallas!

                   Harald


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sun Mar 19 02:58:09 2006
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Hello Harald,

Great! Thanks for all your work.

Any chance that we can reduce the number of acronyms from three
(ima, iee, eai) to two (ima, eai)?

Regards,    Martin.

At 00:24 06/03/18, Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote:
 >As you saw from today's announcement, we are now officially a working group.
 >
 >This doesn't make much of a practical difference - but it DOES mean that 
we don't have to discuss what the WG should do any more; we can concentrate 
on doing it.
 >
 >See a lot of you in Dallas!
 >
 >                   Harald
 >
 >
 >_______________________________________________
 >IMA mailing list
 >IMA@ietf.org
 >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima 


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sun Mar 19 08:00:32 2006
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Martin Duerst wrote:
> Hello Harald,
>
> Great! Thanks for all your work.
>
> Any chance that we can reduce the number of acronyms from three
> (ima, iee, eai) to two (ima, eai)? 
don't forget i18mail, imaa and a lot of other acronyms that have been 
used..... I think we could rename the mailing list in addition to 
changing the subject tag, leaving us with eai as the name for the effort.

I have a linking for i18mail as a name for the technology, since that's 
easier to remember - EAI has zero mnemonic value....

             Harald


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sun Mar 19 08:34:27 2006
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Harald Alvestrand wrote:
>
> Martin Duerst wrote:
>> Hello Harald,
>>
>> Great! Thanks for all your work.
>>
>> Any chance that we can reduce the number of acronyms from three
>> (ima, iee, eai) to two (ima, eai)? 
> don't forget i18mail, imaa and a lot of other acronyms that have been 
> used..... I think we could rename the mailing list in addition to 
> changing the subject tag, leaving us with eai as the name for the effort.
>
> I have a linking for i18mail as a name for the technology, since 
> that's easier to remember - EAI has zero mnemonic value....
To make the matters worse, EAI is fairly commonly used as an acronym
of Enterprise Application Integration.
>
>             Harald
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>
>


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sun Mar 19 11:12:43 2006
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unfortunately, "i18" as in "i18n" isn't technology specific.

as this w.g. is, of necessity, being an ietf chartered w.g., it is technology
specific.

a meaningless name is better than one that means something that isn't what
is actually ment.

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Eric Brunner-Williams wrote:
> unfortunately, "i18" as in "i18n" isn't technology specific.
>
> as this w.g. is, of necessity, being an ietf chartered w.g., it is technology
> specific.
>
> a meaningless name is better than one that means something that isn't what
> is actually ment.
i18mail is somewhat technology specific...



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sun Mar 19 11:46:46 2006
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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
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Dave,

I've been trying to figure out how to address your concern, 
voiced  several times and in different ways, that the approach 
being contemplated in this WG inherently breaks the 
infrastructure, that it fragments the email network, and that I, 
and others, are insensitive or indifferent to those issues.  If 
that is not a correct summary of your position and concern, I 
apologize -- it is, at least,  the impression I'm left with 
after several readings of a number of your notes.

To get the other issue on the table in the hope that, once 
exposed, we and the community generally can move beyond it, I 
personally take the issue seriously enough that I've been trying 
for some years to engage the question of ways to get full 
internationalization without giving non-ASCII users less 
functionality than those who operate entirely within an ASCII 
environment.  I've been involved in innumerable discussions on 
the subject and large numbers of explorations of how it might be 
done.   I haven't avoided any discussion on that topic that has 
been able to be conducted among parties who appear to be willing 
to work together to find solutions.   I wish there were a magic 
solution that would install seamlessly without changes in the 
existing mail system, but such a solution appears to require a 
quantity of pixie dust that just is not available.

This leaves us with a classic engineering problem in which, 
rather than find a perfect solution, we need to look at the 
intersection of possible constraint spaces and solutions spaces, 
analyze and balance the tradeoffs, and then try to find 
something that works.

If, for example, we apply the constraints that (i) no i18n email 
approach is acceptable if it could result in a situation in 
which someone who has only an address in one script will be 
unable to communicate with someone who has an address only in a 
different non-ASCII script and (ii) users of non-ASCII addresses 
must have all of the functionality available to them that is 
traditional for users of all-ASCII addresses, then it is 
basically over: the only "solution" is to retain ASCII-only 
addressing forever, relying on encoded words or the equivalent 
to express names or terms that cannot be accurately rendered in 
ASCII characters.  While it has gotten more refined over time, 
the reasoning behind that startling conclusion appears in my 
early internationalized addressing I-Ds, now well over two years 
old.  An overview of it appears in draft-klensin-ima-framework 
and a different perspective on it, in far more depth than I 
intend to repeat in this note, appears in the more recent 
draft-klensin-ima-constraints.    As I indicated above, we've 
certainly been looking at the issues and doing so carefully and 
for a fairly extended time.

Viewed on way, that conclusion gives us a choice of options that 
could create islands within the email environment that can't 
communicate.  Clearly, that is not a desirable state of affairs, 
but, again, it appears that the choice is among types and 
sources of islands, not whether islands will exist.

One sort of island-development occurs if we simply do nothing. 
There is considerable demand for internationalized email 
addresses.  The level of that demand is likely to become much 
higher than the demand was for IDNs and is, IMO, far more 
legitimate (see the drafts cited above for more details on that 
claim).  With the right selection of MTAs, MUAs, and 
mail-accessing protocol implementations --ones that depart "only 
a little bit" from the standards and that are trivially modified 
to do so-- approaches analogous to the "just send 8" approaches 
we needed to overcome with MIME are quite plausible.  In some 
ways, those approaches are more plausible now then they were a 
decade ago because one can say "just send UTF-8" and hope for 
universal acceptance, rather than having a nasty problem with 
choices of character sets and labels.  If we do nothing, we will 
almost certainly see deployment of solutions along those lines. 
And, as with "just send 8", they will certainly cause serious 
interoperability problems as subtly different i18n address and 
header forms hit MTAs and MUAs that are not prepared to deal 
with them and do so without agreement or even warning.  "Just 
say no" is not a realistic option here, any more than it was a 
realistic option with IDNs or, for that matter, the basic 
multiple-script and multimedia functionality that MIME enabled. 
Our advantage over IDN is that a larger fraction of the 
community has come to understand that "any solution, as long as 
it is quick" is not a good way to do protocol design: we 
actually have the option of examining and balancing tradeoffs 
here... and I suggest we are obligated to do just that.

A second type of island-building involves, from at least one 
perspective, exactly what we did with MIME, only moved out to 
the  transport level (of necessity).  From that perspective, 
MIME doesn't provide global interoperability.  Instead, it 
provides a safe and controlled form of non-interoperability. 
None of us who advocate and support MIME like to think about it 
that way but, if I send you a body part that is identified with 
a content type that you, and the tools you have available, have 
never heard of, then we just are not going to interoperate. 
MIME gives us the considerable advantage of knowing that a 
particular body part cannot be processed but it doesn't 
intrinsically provide any mechanisms for ensuring that it can be 
processed.   In practice, if one looks at both the MIME-aware 
and non-MIME-aware implementations out there, there is only one 
content-type that is substantially guaranteed to be implemented 
and supported globally and that is plain, ordinary, legacy, 
ASCII text with relatively short lines.  For everything else, 
maybe it is supported and maybe it is not supported, but what 
MIME provides is only a clear indication of the type so that an 
unambiguous decision can be made about whether support is 
available (I note that we have compromised even that principle 
in recent years, but that is a different discussion).

If we take that logic and the constraint set it implies, back to 
the i18n email solution space, the conclusion we (the design 
team that put the framework for this WG together) have reached 
is that, absent a desire on the part of all users of i18n email 
to interoperate with traditional, all-ASCII, email users --a 
desire that extends to accepting a certain amount of 
inconvenience-- there will be islands.  Our task then becomes to 
make the islands acceptable: to be sure that having i18n 
addresses or headers on the Internet doesn't blow up 
unsuspecting older systems and to be sure that "downgrading" 
mechanisms or arrangements are available at appropriate points 
in the infrastructure for those who are willing to go to the 
trouble.   Note here that, as far as we have been able to tell, 
even encapsulation doesn't give us clean, easy, and universal 
in-flight downgrades:  the message/rfc822 is limited to ASCII 
and the double-encoding rule prevents encapsulating something 
that might already be encapsulated, so we will almost certainly 
need a new content-type and body part to accomplish the 
encapsulation.  Because non-upgraded receiving programs will 
presumably not understand that new type, it will provide, in 
essence, a tunnel to nowhere for those cases ... a different way 
to have two systems on the Internet not communicate with each 
other, but a way nonetheless.

This isn't easy.  All of us who have been trying to find an 
approach that works with minimal risk of damage or unanticipated 
side effects know it isn't easy.   I hope, I think we all hope, 
that the IETF community, especially the community of experts on 
email, will work with us to identify the tradeoffs and risks and 
to find a good balance among them rather than getting diverted 
into arguments about which approaches can be labeled as 
"fragmenting" or "creating a new infrastructure".

    john


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	Eric Brunner-Williams <brunner@nic-naa.net>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: [IEE] We're now a working group....
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--On Sunday, March 19, 2006 10:14 -0600 Harald Alvestrand 
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Eric Brunner-Williams wrote:
>> unfortunately, "i18" as in "i18n" isn't technology specific.
>>
>> as this w.g. is, of necessity, being an ietf chartered w.g.,
>> it is technology specific.
>>
>> a meaningless name is better than one that means something
>> that isn't what is actually ment.
> i18mail is somewhat technology specific...

and, if it doesn't violate some Secretariat length-of-name rule, 
"i18nemail" is even more so.

    john



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--On Sunday, March 19, 2006 14:00 +0100 Harald Alvestrand 
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Martin Duerst wrote:
>> Hello Harald,
>>
>> Great! Thanks for all your work.
>>
>> Any chance that we can reduce the number of acronyms from
>> three (ima, iee, eai) to two (ima, eai)?
> don't forget i18mail, imaa and a lot of other acronyms that
> have been used..... I think we could rename the mailing list
> in addition to changing the subject tag, leaving us with eai
> as the name for the effort.
>
> I have a linking for i18mail as a name for the technology,
> since that's easier to remember - EAI has zero mnemonic
> value....

And some name-conflict issues as well.  Entering "EAI" into 
Google is enlightening and a fairly good argument for something 
else.  And my candidate at this point is i18nmail or i18nemail 
(no preference between them).

     john



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Mar 20 02:13:49 2006
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Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2006 01:15:41 -0600
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
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One thing I dislike more and more as time goes on is silly states: when two 
elements in a protocol provide contradictory information.  Whenever possible I 
prefer to design silly states out of the protocol.

Suppose we have no way to label a UTF-8 header message.  We now have three 
cases the code has to deal with:
1. The header is pure 7-bit.
2. The header is 8-bit and complies with UTF-8 syntax.
3. The header is 8-bit and does not comply with UTF-8 syntax.

We don't need to talk much about 3, but it does permit software to bounce 
certain non-standard behaviors or gateway them into something more reasonable. 
I assert the code to validate 2 need not be particularly expensive.  Indeed, 
I'll include a high-performance version of the code at the end of this message 
to prove my point.

The problem I have with a header to declare message type is that changes from 
three cases to six cases, at least two of which are silly states.  And since 
headers can be re-ordered it's still necessary to scan all the headers to find 
the label, so I don't see how the benefits (detection) can outweigh the costs 
(doubling the number of cases to deal with).  Were I writing code, I'd ignore 
the label, just as I ignore the MIME-Version header (which is only helpful as a 
hint if one supports RFC 1049).

If we must use a labeling mechanism, I suggest using a zero-width non-joiner 
UTF-8 character at the beginning of the message.  UTF-8 aware SMTP servers are 
required to insert Received and Return-Path after the zero-width non-joiner 
character.  That has some other nice features -- it permits instant detection 
of the encoding for certain out-of-band mechanisms (e.g. UTF-8 editors), it has 
no impact on display, and if the message gets to a non-8-bit system the failure 
is likely to be immediate and more obvious rather than later and more obscure 
(indeed it's so obvious that legacy systems can be patched to check for it 
easily).  I'm still not sure those benefits outweigh the cost of silly states, 
but it's closer to making the cut.

                - Chris
-----
UTF-8 detection:

/* a UTF8 lookup table */
#define EXT 0x20
#define BAD 0x40
#define SP  0x10
static unsigned char utf8_table[256] = {
    /* 0x00 */  BAD,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x08 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x10 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x18 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x20 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x28 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x30 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x38 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x40 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x48 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x50 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x58 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x60 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x68 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x70 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x78 */    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
    /* 0x80 */  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,
    /* 0x88 */  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,
    /* 0x90 */  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,
    /* 0x98 */  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,
    /* 0xA0 */  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,
    /* 0xA8 */  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,
    /* 0xB0 */  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,
    /* 0xB8 */  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,  EXT,
    /* 0xC0 */  BAD,  BAD,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,
    /* 0xC8 */    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,
    /* 0xD0 */    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,
    /* 0xD8 */    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,    2,
    /* 0xE0 */ SP|3,    3,    3,    3,    3,    3,    3,    3,
    /* 0xE8 */    3,    3,    3,    3,    3, SP|3,    3,    3,
    /* 0xF0 */ SP|4,    4,    4,    4, SP|4,  BAD,  BAD,  BAD,
    /* 0xF8 */  BAD,  BAD,  BAD,  BAD,  BAD,  BAD,  BAD,  BAD
};

/* verify a string is valid UTF-8 and doesn't contain NUL
 *  if len < 0, strlen(str) will be used.
 * returns -1 if not valid, 0 if valid
 */
int utf8verify(const char *str, int len)
{
    int state = 0, code;
    const char *end;
    unsigned char u1, u2;

    if (len < 0) len = strlen(str);
    end = str + len;
    while (str < end && (code = utf8_table[(unsigned char)*str]) != BAD) {
        if ((state == 0 && code == EXT) || (state > 0 && code != EXT)) {
            return (-1);
        }
        if ((state & SP) != 0) {
            state &= ~SP;
            u1 = (unsigned char) str[-1];
            u2 = (unsigned char) str[0];
            if ((u1 == 0xE0U && u2 < 0xA0U)
                || (u1 == 0xEDU && u2 > 0x9FU)
                || (u1 == 0xF0U && u2 < 0x90U)
                || (u1 == 0xF4U && u2 > 0x8FU)) {
                return (-1);
            }
        }
        if (code != EXT) {
            state = code;
        }
        --state;
        ++str;
    }

    return (str == end && state == 0 ? 0 : -1);
}
#undef SP


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Mar 20 03:20:10 2006
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Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2006 02:22:01 -0600
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
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Although I'm sympathetic to the motivations behind the ATOMIC parameter, I 
believe it is an incorrect bias of protocol purity over operational robustness.

As a matter of operational robustness it is almost always better to move 
questionable email material forward than to bounce it.  If the recipient gets 
something that appears to be corrupt, they will contact the sender to resend 
the material.  If the message is important, the recipient will probably have 
out-of-band mechanisms to contact the sender that are more likely to work than 
the MAIL FROM address (e.g. a cell phone number, etc).

On the flip side, it is quite easy to mis-configure the MAIL FROM address and 
the problem probably won't be noticed unless the person who did so gets a 
complaint from a colleague which will only happen if the message moves forward 
and the  colleague's attempt to reply fails.  We also have widely deployed 
systems that do inappropriate things with MAIL FROM that can cause loops or 
other badness when a bounce happens.  And in the new world of Spam blowback, 
many people simply ignore almost all bounces (myself included, unfortunately).

This is very unfortunate for those of us who care a great deal about protocol 
purity.  It's really painful to pass non-interoperable junk forward but the 
outcome for the users involved is more likely to be better, so it's usually the 
right thing to do.

Which brings us to the ATOMIC parameter.  We all like the rule which forbids 
local part interpretation by remote systems and I respect the ATOMIC parameter 
approach as a clever way to preserve that rule.  Unfortunately, ATOMIC=no 
leaves MTAs in an untenable situation: either ignore the standard, downconvert 
and pass forward or bounce.  Unfortunately, robustness suggests the right 
answer is to ignore the standard.  Were I implementing a system, I'd probably 
ignore the standard for this case by default and include an option to follow 
the standard.  But having "do the right thing for users" and "comply with the 
standard" as two separate settings is not something I like (how often do people 
use the "strict ANSI" option on their C compiler?).

Use of a UTF-8 local part should implicitly grant permission to use the 
7-bit-encoded alias of that local part.  This is not significantly different 
from the rule that list-addr@example.com implies the existence of 
list-addr-request@example.com and the converse is true.  Furthermore, if 
someone wants to use structured UTF-8 addresses for special processing and do 
so while interacting with a 7-bit-only system, I believe it's reasonable to 
insist they upgrade their special processing system to remove the 7-bit 
encoding prior to processing.  And as much as I like sub-addresses, their use 
is simply not widespread enough to merit additional design complexity simply to 
avoid requiring up-conversion at that point in the system.

Finally, down-conversion is a non-negotiable feature for some implementers 
(myself included).  I have to be able to down-convert the UTF-8 local parts in 
the headers, even if an alternate address is unavailable (and it doesn't change 
things if the spec requires an alternate address be available, as we still have 
to deal with the non-compliant case in quality software).  So I suggest 
ATOMIC=yes should be implicit from the use of UTF-8 and thus not necessary to 
include in the protocol specification.

                - Chris


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Mar 20 11:01:21 2006
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------010506020809010700020707
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Making sure my WGs have seen this.....


--------------010506020809010700020707
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Content-Disposition: inline;
 filename="Audio Info"

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All -

Information on the audio from the rooms can be found at:
http://videolab.uoregon.edu/events/ietf/

or you can go th http://www.ietf65.org and find a link to
the audio services on the top level page.

-- 
Lucy E. Lynch 				Academic User Services
Computing Center			University of Oregon
llynch  @darkwing.uoregon.edu		(541) 346-1774

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+1

Chris Newman wrote:
> Although I'm sympathetic to the motivations behind the ATOMIC parameter,
> I believe it is an incorrect bias of protocol purity over operational
> robustness.
> ...
> 
> Use of a UTF-8 local part should implicitly grant permission to use the
> 7-bit-encoded alias of that local part.  ...
> 
> Finally, down-conversion is a non-negotiable feature for some
> implementers (myself included).  I have to be able to down-convert the
> UTF-8 local parts in the headers, even if an alternate address is
> unavailable (and it doesn't change things if the spec requires an
> alternate address be available, as we still have to deal with the
> non-compliant case in quality software).  So I suggest ATOMIC=yes should
> be implicit from the use of UTF-8 and thus not necessary to include in
> the protocol specification.

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Mar 20 11:20:05 2006
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Dear Chris Newman,

We should consider how much standards can constraint real 
implementations. If we can safely assume that all implementations will 
execute some procedures in the exactly same order that authors of a 
specification had in their minds, it might  be quite wonderful. However, 
as you pointed out, developers of quality software will intentionally 
deviate from standard. (I would like to call it deviation rather than 
ignorance.) And that will invalidate the previous assumption. In that 
sense, it is painful to accept this though, standard is just a median 
point from which implementations can deviate from and provides the least 
common ground when two different deviations want to communication with 
each other.

Chris Newman wrote:
> Which brings us to the ATOMIC parameter.  We all like the rule which 
> forbids local part interpretation by remote systems and I respect the 
> ATOMIC parameter approach as a clever way to preserve that rule.  
> Unfortunately, ATOMIC=no leaves MTAs in an untenable situation: either 
> ignore the standard, downconvert and pass forward or bounce.  
> Unfortunately, robustness suggests the right answer is to ignore the 
> standard.  Were I implementing a system, I'd probably ignore the 
> standard for this case by default and include an option to follow the 
> standard.  But having "do the right thing for users" and "comply with 
> the standard" as two separate settings is not something I like (how 
> often do people use the "strict ANSI" option on their C compiler?).
>
> Use of a UTF-8 local part should implicitly grant permission to use 
> the 7-bit-encoded alias of that local part.  This is not significantly 
> different from the rule that list-addr@example.com implies the 
> existence of list-addr-request@example.com and the converse is true.  
> Furthermore, if someone wants to use structured UTF-8 addresses for 
> special processing and do so while interacting with a 7-bit-only 
> system, I believe it's reasonable to insist they upgrade their special 
> processing system to remove the 7-bit encoding prior to processing.  
> And as much as I like sub-addresses, their use is simply not 
> widespread enough to merit additional design complexity simply to 
> avoid requiring up-conversion at that point in the system.


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Yangwoo Ko wrote:
>
> Dear Chris Newman,
>
> We should consider how much standards can constraint real 
> implementations. If we can safely assume that all implementations will 
> execute some procedures in the exactly same order that authors of a 
> specification had in their minds, it might  be quite wonderful. 
> However, as you pointed out, developers of quality software will 
> intentionally deviate from standard. (I would like to call it 
> deviation rather than ignorance.) And that will invalidate the 
> previous assumption. In that sense, it is painful to accept this 
> though, standard is just a median point from which implementations can 
> deviate from and provides the least common ground when two different 
> deviations want communication with each other. 
actually the standard does slightly more than this; if the standard 
"works", it gives assurance that all parties following the standard are 
able to communicate in providing the given function.
thus, when someone deviates from the standard, they take on the 
responsibility of proving that their deviation does not harm 
interoperability; if interoperability is harmed, it is the 
responsibility of the implementation deviating from the standard.

People remember this, and may consider it when doing buying decisions 
later - the hope is that people's buying decisions will eventually cause 
the "deviants" to converge towards standard adherence. But of course, 
having that hope requires that one is an optimist :-)

Our job as standards writers is to get to the first base: Specifying a 
standard that allows useful communication between conformant entities.
Unless we have that, it's useless to ask people to conform to it.

                       Harald


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what you suggest is that "atmonic=no" is kept for use and "atmonic=yes" is
removed.


you mean that although atmonic value is not set, the default is "atmonic=y".
only in the situation where the utf-8 email address can not be safely
transformed to ACE, the atmonic value is set.

is my understanding right?

Yao Jiankang
CNNIC


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Chris Newman" <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
To: <ima@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, March 20, 2006 4:22 PM
Subject: [EAI] ATOMIC parameter


> Although I'm sympathetic to the motivations behind the ATOMIC parameter, I
> believe it is an incorrect bias of protocol purity over operational
robustness.
>
> As a matter of operational robustness it is almost always better to move
> questionable email material forward than to bounce it.  If the recipient
gets
> something that appears to be corrupt, they will contact the sender to
resend
> the material.  If the message is important, the recipient will probably
have
> out-of-band mechanisms to contact the sender that are more likely to work
than
> the MAIL FROM address (e.g. a cell phone number, etc).
>
> On the flip side, it is quite easy to mis-configure the MAIL FROM address
and
> the problem probably won't be noticed unless the person who did so gets a
> complaint from a colleague which will only happen if the message moves
forward
> and the  colleague's attempt to reply fails.  We also have widely deployed
> systems that do inappropriate things with MAIL FROM that can cause loops
or
> other badness when a bounce happens.  And in the new world of Spam
blowback,
> many people simply ignore almost all bounces (myself included,
unfortunately).
>
> This is very unfortunate for those of us who care a great deal about
protocol
> purity.  It's really painful to pass non-interoperable junk forward but
the
> outcome for the users involved is more likely to be better, so it's
usually the
> right thing to do.
>
> Which brings us to the ATOMIC parameter.  We all like the rule which
forbids
> local part interpretation by remote systems and I respect the ATOMIC
parameter
> approach as a clever way to preserve that rule.  Unfortunately, ATOMIC=no
> leaves MTAs in an untenable situation: either ignore the standard,
downconvert
> and pass forward or bounce.  Unfortunately, robustness suggests the right
> answer is to ignore the standard.  Were I implementing a system, I'd
probably
> ignore the standard for this case by default and include an option to
follow
> the standard.  But having "do the right thing for users" and "comply with
the
> standard" as two separate settings is not something I like (how often do
people
> use the "strict ANSI" option on their C compiler?).
>
> Use of a UTF-8 local part should implicitly grant permission to use the
> 7-bit-encoded alias of that local part.  This is not significantly
different
> from the rule that list-addr@example.com implies the existence of
> list-addr-request@example.com and the converse is true.  Furthermore, if
> someone wants to use structured UTF-8 addresses for special processing and
do
> so while interacting with a 7-bit-only system, I believe it's reasonable
to
> insist they upgrade their special processing system to remove the 7-bit
> encoding prior to processing.  And as much as I like sub-addresses, their
use
> is simply not widespread enough to merit additional design complexity
simply to
> avoid requiring up-conversion at that point in the system.
>
> Finally, down-conversion is a non-negotiable feature for some implementers
> (myself included).  I have to be able to down-convert the UTF-8 local
parts in
> the headers, even if an alternate address is unavailable (and it doesn't
change
> things if the spec requires an alternate address be available, as we still
have
> to deal with the non-compliant case in quality software).  So I suggest
> ATOMIC=yes should be implicit from the use of UTF-8 and thus not necessary
to
> include in the protocol specification.
>
>                 - Chris
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>



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From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
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Yangwoo Ko wrote on 3/21/06 1:19 +0900:
> We should consider how much standards can constraint real implementations. If
> we can safely assume that all implementations will execute some procedures in
> the exactly same order that authors of a specification had in their minds, it
> might  be quite wonderful. However, as you pointed out, developers of quality
> software will intentionally deviate from standard. (I would like to call it
> deviation rather than ignorance.) And that will invalidate the previous
> assumption. In that sense, it is painful to accept this though, standard is
> just a median point from which implementations can deviate from and provides
> the least common ground when two different deviations want to communication
> with each other.

My argument was worded a bit more subtle than it should have been.  If a 
responsible implementer feels it is necessary to willfully violate the standard 
to provide better service to end users, that suggests there is a technical flaw 
in the standard.

As Harald said, the only mandatory feature of a standard is that compliant 
implementations will interoperate to provide a useful service.  But a standard 
is more successful if it is designed in such a way that more implementers will 
choose to comply by default.

                - Chris


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The first impression when I heard the atomic idea is that most 
implementations and their users will tag email addresses as atomic=yes 
by default. If this is the case, atomic=no is very clear indication that 
local part should not processed at intermediate servers. Unless 
alternative address is specified, not trying to down-convert seems far 
more robust than trying to down-convert while expecting that final 
delivery MTA will up-convert before doing anything.

Chris Newman wrote:
>
> Yangwoo Ko wrote on 3/21/06 1:19 +0900:
>> We should consider how much standards can constraint real 
>> implementations. If
>> we can safely assume that all implementations will execute some 
>> procedures in
>> the exactly same order that authors of a specification had in their 
>> minds, it
>> might  be quite wonderful. However, as you pointed out, developers of 
>> quality
>> software will intentionally deviate from standard. (I would like to 
>> call it
>> deviation rather than ignorance.) And that will invalidate the previous
>> assumption. In that sense, it is painful to accept this though, 
>> standard is
>> just a median point from which implementations can deviate from and 
>> provides
>> the least common ground when two different deviations want to 
>> communication
>> with each other.
>
> My argument was worded a bit more subtle than it should have been.  If 
> a responsible implementer feels it is necessary to willfully violate 
> the standard to provide better service to end users, that suggests 
> there is a technical flaw in the standard.
>
> As Harald said, the only mandatory feature of a standard is that 
> compliant implementations will interoperate to provide a useful 
> service.  But a standard is more successful if it is designed in such 
> a way that more implementers will choose to comply by default.
>
>                - Chris
>
>
>


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Mar 20 17:24:49 2006
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Subject: [EAI] Terminology issue
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As pointed out in our framework document, we need to cleanup 
terminologies quite soon. Let me start to roll the ball.

1. Name for working scope -- (E)mail i18n vs. (e)mail address i18n vs. EAI

The scope of work we are doing is (e)mail address i18n. However, current 
approach requires more than that (e.g. utf-8 encoding support at 
headers). Thus we may call it (e)mail i18n. However, this seems to be 
broader than what we are actually doing. I will choose (without any 
preference) to use EAI in the following paragraphs.

2. Name for resulting addresses -- IMA vs. i18(n)(e)mail address

These are names for (e)mail addresses that are EAI-compliant. These 
addresses include old ASCII only addresses as well. At least for me (non 
English native), internationalized email address sound more natural than 
internationalization email address. Since I don't have any idea how to 
make "internationalized email address" shorter, I prefer to use IMA. (IEA?)

3. Name for resulting things (except addresses)

For example, what will be the name for EAI-compliant mail contents? We 
may call them as internationalized mail contents though it is still 
broader than wanted.

4. Others

There are several other terminologies (e.g. all-ASCII address) used in 
the documents discussed in this WG. I hope that if there were consensus 
on above terms, it could be easier to generate other terms based on them.

Regards

John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
>
> --On Sunday, March 19, 2006 10:14 -0600 Harald Alvestrand 
> <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:
>
>> Eric Brunner-Williams wrote:
>>> unfortunately, "i18" as in "i18n" isn't technology specific.
>>>
>>> as this w.g. is, of necessity, being an ietf chartered w.g.,
>>> it is technology specific.
>>>
>>> a meaningless name is better than one that means something
>>> that isn't what is actually ment.
>> i18mail is somewhat technology specific...
>
> and, if it doesn't violate some Secretariat length-of-name rule, 
> "i18nemail" is even more so.
>
>    john
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>
>


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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Yangwoo Ko <newcat@icu.ac.kr>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Terminology issue
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--On Tuesday, March 21, 2006 07:24 +0900 Yangwoo Ko 
<newcat@icu.ac.kr> wrote:

>
> As pointed out in our framework document, we need to cleanup
> terminologies quite soon. Let me start to roll the ball.
>
> 1. Name for working scope -- (E)mail i18n vs. (e)mail address
> i18n vs. EAI
>
> The scope of work we are doing is (e)mail address i18n.
> However, current approach requires more than that (e.g. utf-8
> encoding support at headers). Thus we may call it (e)mail
> i18n. However, this seems to be broader than what we are
> actually doing. I will choose (without any preference) to use
> EAI in the following paragraphs.

Hmm.  One of the points you make below suggests i15demail :-)

> 2. Name for resulting addresses -- IMA vs. i18(n)(e)mail
> address
>
> These are names for (e)mail addresses that are EAI-compliant.
> These addresses include old ASCII only addresses as well. At
> least for me (non English native), internationalized email
> address sound more natural than internationalization email
> address. Since I don't have any idea how to make
> "internationalized email address" shorter, I prefer to use
> IMA. (IEA?)

i15dEA?

> 3. Name for resulting things (except addresses)
>
> For example, what will be the name for EAI-compliant mail
> contents? We may call them as internationalized mail contents
> though it is still broader than wanted.

MIME non-ASCII body parts?    And note, following a piece of the 
apps area discussion this morning, that content 
internationalization applies only to text/ body parts.


> 4. Others
>
> There are several other terminologies (e.g. all-ASCII address)
> used in the documents discussed in this WG. I hope that if
> there were consensus on above terms, it could be easier to
> generate other terms based on them.

Clearly, I am sympathetic to the problem, I just don't know 
quite what to do about it.  I am, however, resistant to using 
abbreviations or acronyms that have specific and widely-used 
meanings elsewhere.

regards,
     john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Mar 20 18:02:40 2006
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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>, Yangwoo Ko <newcat@icu.ac.kr>
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Chris,

It seems to me that the list of character sets that SHOULD be 
supported potentially adds considerable complexity to the 
protocol and doesn't accomplish much.

So, two questions for people to think about...

(1) Any POP client today that receives non-ASCII material is 
going to do so in encoded word form for the headers and Base64 
or Q-P form, with a character set label, for textual body parts. 
Q-P works fairly badly outside the "Latin" ISO8859 sets and some 
would claim that it never works well.  Those clients already 
have the machinery for decoding (or don't and have unhappy 
users), although future ones --the client side of the NO_RETR 
problem-- may not.  Now, getting from Base64 (or Q-P) or encoded 
words to a character coding that matches the charset label or 
encode word charset code is straightforward and mechanical.  But 
I wonder if we need to support --or if you document actually 
intends-- any encoding other than UTF-8 for addresses.  Perhaps 
now is the time to start saying "our on-the-wire data format for 
text is going to be UTF-8 and non-UTF-8 environments need to 
support that conversion, and only that conversion, going 
forward".

(2) That question is clearly more general that this WG's 
mission.    Is it time to formally ask the IAB to convene a 
process for advising the applications community whether we are 
ready to take such a step?

Any resemblance between the above concerns and this morning's 
AppArea conversation about an NVT-i18n is obviously no 
coincidence.

      john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Mar 20 18:23:51 2006
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To: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>, ima@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [EAI] ATOMIC parameter
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Chris,

I've read your note several times to see if I can figure out 
where we disagree.    I think it is the nature of the things 
that are encoded in local parts and, ultimately, the reason why 
that "no local-part interpretation by senders or relays" rule is 
there.

Given that rule, if one is sending UTF-8 address material to a 
current, RFC821-compliant-only final receiver (the worst case as 
far as I know), I think that one needs to know exactly how that 
receiver interprets and decodes addresses, and the order in 
which it does so, in order to downgrade the addresses. 
Certainly downgrading other header, or even body, material is 
not problematic.   This many not be problematic for POP3 or IMAP 
because any mailbox routing or other transformations that will 
be applied by the delivery SMTP server will presumably be 
applied before anything gets to the mail store.

But, for in-transit downgrading in the general case, I think 
that any downgrade/recoding mechanism we can devise is a shot in 
the dark, one that risks a sender eventually getting a bounce 
message about an address he or she has never seen before. 
Personally, I think _that_ is the worst possible case: the 
message gets bounced rather than delivered, and the error 
message is unintelligible. If the message is going to bounce, 
better to have it bounce from a point at which a plausible error 
report can be generated.

Now, a way to read my analysis and yours together is that we 
need to drastically narrow the cases for which ATOMIC is 
relevant.  If, for example, we have a message with UTF-8 header 
material but all-ASCII addresses, then one clearly can, and 
should, downgrade the headers (using encoded words or the 
equivalent).  (I think this makes the case for no UTF-8 in 
header _names_ even stronger.)   It is only when the addresses 
(actually the address local-parts because we can "downgrade" 
domain names to punycode) themselves are in UTF-8 and there is 
no next-hop support are we in serious trouble.  And it was that 
case for which ATOMIC was designed.

That still leaves an interesting case in which the message can 
be accurately delivered because the local parts in all of the 
forward-pointing addresses are ASCII but the backward-pointing 
address(es) are not.  And that is the old argument about whether 
a message should be delivered even if it is known that it cannot 
be replied to.  You would, I think, say "yes", as would I.  The 
antispam community generally says "no".  And I hope that we can 
avoid having to resolve it here.

     john


--On Monday, March 20, 2006 02:22 -0600 Chris Newman 
<Chris.Newman@Sun.COM> wrote:

> Although I'm sympathetic to the motivations behind the ATOMIC
> parameter, I believe it is an incorrect bias of protocol
> purity over operational robustness.
>
> As a matter of operational robustness it is almost always
> better to move questionable email material forward than to
> bounce it.  If the recipient gets something that appears to be
> corrupt, they will contact the sender to resend the material.
> If the message is important, the recipient will probably have
> out-of-band mechanisms to contact the sender that are more
> likely to work than the MAIL FROM address (e.g. a cell phone
> number, etc).
>
> On the flip side, it is quite easy to mis-configure the MAIL
> FROM address and the problem probably won't be noticed unless
> the person who did so gets a complaint from a colleague which
> will only happen if the message moves forward and the
> colleague's attempt to reply fails.  We also have widely
> deployed systems that do inappropriate things with MAIL FROM
> that can cause loops or other badness when a bounce happens.
> And in the new world of Spam blowback, many people simply
> ignore almost all bounces (myself included, unfortunately).
>
> This is very unfortunate for those of us who care a great deal
> about protocol purity.  It's really painful to pass
> non-interoperable junk forward but the outcome for the users
> involved is more likely to be better, so it's usually the
> right thing to do.
>
> Which brings us to the ATOMIC parameter.  We all like the rule
> which forbids local part interpretation by remote systems and
> I respect the ATOMIC parameter approach as a clever way to
> preserve that rule.  Unfortunately, ATOMIC=no leaves MTAs in
> an untenable situation: either ignore the standard,
> downconvert and pass forward or bounce.  Unfortunately,
> robustness suggests the right answer is to ignore the
> standard.  Were I implementing a system, I'd probably ignore
> the standard for this case by default and include an option to
> follow the standard.  But having "do the right thing for
> users" and "comply with the standard" as two separate settings
> is not something I like (how often do people use the "strict
> ANSI" option on their C compiler?).
>
> Use of a UTF-8 local part should implicitly grant permission
> to use the 7-bit-encoded alias of that local part.  This is
> not significantly different from the rule that
> list-addr@example.com implies the existence of
> list-addr-request@example.com and the converse is true.
> Furthermore, if someone wants to use structured UTF-8
> addresses for special processing and do so while interacting
> with a 7-bit-only system, I believe it's reasonable to insist
> they upgrade their special processing system to remove the
> 7-bit encoding prior to processing.  And as much as I like
> sub-addresses, their use is simply not widespread enough to
> merit additional design complexity simply to avoid requiring
> up-conversion at that point in the system.
>
> Finally, down-conversion is a non-negotiable feature for some
> implementers (myself included).  I have to be able to
> down-convert the UTF-8 local parts in the headers, even if an
> alternate address is unavailable (and it doesn't change things
> if the spec requires an alternate address be available, as we
> still have to deal with the non-compliant case in quality
> software).  So I suggest ATOMIC=yes should be implicit from
> the use of UTF-8 and thus not necessary to include in the
> protocol specification.
>
>                 - Chris
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima





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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Mar 20 19:27:54 2006
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Per the comment I made at the microphone, the feature I was referring to was in
RFC 733, but was deprecated by the time of RFC 822:

> address     =  host-phrase                  ; Machine mailbox
>             / ( [phrase] "<" #address ">")  ; Individual / List
>             / ( [phrase] ":" #address ";")  ; Group
>             /  quoted-string                ; Arbitrary text
>             / (":" ( "Include"              ; File, w/ addr list
>                    / "Postal"               ; (U.S.) Postal addr
>                    /  atom )                ; Extended data type
>                ":" address)
> 

The second line is what I was referring to.


The text describing defining the semantics of this is:

>     An individual may have  several  mailboxes  and  a  group  of
>     individuals  may wish to receive mail as a single unit (i.e.,
>     a distribution list).  The second and third  alternatives  of
>     an  address  list  (#address)  allow  naming  a collection of
>     subordinate  addresses  list(s).   Recipient  mailboxes   are
>     specified  within the bracketed part ("<" - ">" or ":" - ";")
>     of such named lists.  The use of angle-brackets ("<", ">") is
>     intended for the cases of individuals with multiple mailboxes
>     and of special mailbox lists; it is not expected to be nested
>     more  than  one level, although the specification allows such
>     nesting.  The use of colon/semi-colon (":", ";") is  intended
>     for  the  case  of  groups.   Groups  can be expected to nest
>     (i.e., to  contain  subgroups).   For  both  individuals  and
>     groups,  a  copy  of the transmitted message is to be sent to
>     EACH mailbox  listed.   For  the  case  of  a  special  list,
>     treatment of addresses is defined in the relevant subsections
>     of this section.

Note that the semantics, here, say to send to ALL of the addresses in the list.

I believe that the goal for the current should be to direct the use of only ONE
OF the addresseses.

d/


-- 

Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
<http://bbiw.net>

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Per the comment I made at the microphone, the feature I was referring to was in 
RFC 733, but was deprecated by the time of RFC 822:

> address     =  host-phrase                  ; Machine mailbox
>             / ( [phrase] "<" #address ">")  ; Individual / List
>             / ( [phrase] ":" #address ";")  ; Group
>             /  quoted-string                ; Arbitrary text
>             / (":" ( "Include"              ; File, w/ addr list
>                    / "Postal"               ; (U.S.) Postal addr
>                    /  atom )                ; Extended data type
>                ":" address)
> 

The second line is what I was referring to.


The text describing defining the semantics of this is:

>     An individual may have  several  mailboxes  and  a  group  of
>     individuals  may wish to receive mail as a single unit (i.e.,
>     a distribution list).  The second and third  alternatives  of
>     an  address  list  (#address)  allow  naming  a collection of
>     subordinate  addresses  list(s).   Recipient  mailboxes   are
>     specified  within the bracketed part ("<" - ">" or ":" - ";")
>     of such named lists.  The use of angle-brackets ("<", ">") is
>     intended for the cases of individuals with multiple mailboxes
>     and of special mailbox lists; it is not expected to be nested
>     more  than  one level, although the specification allows such
>     nesting.  The use of colon/semi-colon (":", ";") is  intended
>     for  the  case  of  groups.   Groups  can be expected to nest
>     (i.e., to  contain  subgroups).   For  both  individuals  and
>     groups,  a  copy  of the transmitted message is to be sent to
>     EACH mailbox  listed.   For  the  case  of  a  special  list,
>     treatment of addresses is defined in the relevant subsections
>     of this section.

Note that the semantics, here, say to send to ALL of the addresses in the list.

I believe that the goal for the current should be to direct the use of only ONE 
OF the addresseses.

d/


-- 

Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
<http://bbiw.net>

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Mar 21 01:36:49 2006
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Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2006 00:38:41 -0600
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Specify a "use only one of these" address list
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If we're using:

  phrase <utf8@utf8-domain, ascii@domain>

in RFC 2822 + UTF 8 headers, why don't we use:

MAIL FROM:<utf8@utf8-domain, ascii@domain>

in SMTP instead of the ALT-ADDRESS parameter?

The similar looking protocol is an obvious, but minor advantage of this 
approach.

However, the major advantage of this stems from a limitation of ESMTP 
parameters.  RFC 2821 forbids the use of "=" in an ESMTP parameter value and 
"=" is a common character in ASCII email addresses.  Furthermore, it forbids 
use of space which is legal (albeit never used).  We could work around this 
using xtext encoding (as ORCPT does), by ignoring the rules or by forbidding 
those characters.  But I don't find any of those as satisfactory as simply 
putting both addresses in the angle-brackets.

So I propose we remove ALT-ADDRESS and replace it with optional dual-address in 
the angle-brackets so we can sidestep the parameter encoding/illegal-character 
issue.

                - Chris


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Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2006 18:26:42 +0900
To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>, Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>,
	Yangwoo Ko <newcat@icu.ac.kr>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [EAI] UTF8 POP and character sets
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At 08:02 06/03/21, John C Klensin wrote:
 >Chris,
 >
 >It seems to me that the list of character sets that SHOULD be supported 
potentially adds considerable complexity to the protocol and doesn't 
accomplish much.
 >
 >So, two questions for people to think about...
 >
 >(1) Any POP client today that receives non-ASCII material is going to do 
so in encoded word form for the headers and Base64 or Q-P form,

Or 8bit, unless that's forbidden in the case of POP.

 >with a character set label, for textual body parts. Q-P works fairly 
badly outside the "Latin" ISO8859 sets and some would claim that it never 
works well.

It's not that it doesn't work well, it's just really inefficient.

 >Those clients already have the machinery for decoding (or don't and have 
unhappy users), although future ones --the client side of the NO_RETR 
problem-- may not.  Now, getting from Base64 (or Q-P) or encoded words to a 
character coding that matches the charset label or encode word charset code 
is straightforward and mechanical.  But I wonder if we need to support --or 
if you document actually intends-- any encoding other than UTF-8 for addresses.

I think that would be a highly unnecessary complication.

 >Perhaps now is the time to start saying "our on-the-wire data format for 
text is going to be UTF-8 and non-UTF-8 environments need to support that 
conversion, and only that conversion, going forward".

As for 'text', as far as this refers to body text, I think it's okay to
leave things as they are currently, i.e. that various encodings are
allowed as long as they are documented with a charset parameter in
the Content-Type header. Of course, my hope is that most of the
messages that use internationalized addresses will have their
body in UTF-8, but I don't think there is any reason to force
that, it will happen naturally.

 >(2) That question is clearly more general that this WG's mission.    Is 
it time to formally ask the IAB to convene a process for advising the 
applications community whether we are ready to take such a step?

Which step exactly?

 >Any resemblance between the above concerns and this morning's AppArea 
conversation about an NVT-i18n is obviously no coincidence.

For the benefit of those not in Dallas, could you explain.

Regards,    Martin. 


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From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [EAI] silly states and header label
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At 16:15 06/03/20, Chris Newman wrote:

 >The problem I have with a header to declare message type is that changes 
from three cases to six cases, at least two of which are silly states.  And 
since headers can be re-ordered it's still necessary to scan all the 
headers to find the label, so I don't see how the benefits (detection) can 
outweigh the costs (doubling the number of cases to deal with).  Were I 
writing code, I'd ignore the label, just as I ignore the MIME-Version 
header (which is only helpful as a hint if one supports RFC 1049).

I very much agree with the above.

 >If we must use a labeling mechanism, I suggest using a zero-width 
non-joiner UTF-8 character at the beginning of the message.  UTF-8 aware 
SMTP servers are required to insert Received and Return-Path after the 
zero-width non-joiner character.  That has some other nice features -- it 
permits instant detection of the encoding for certain out-of-band 
mechanisms (e.g. UTF-8 editors), it has no impact on display, and if the 
message gets to a non-8-bit system the failure is likely to be immediate 
and more obvious rather than later and more obscure (indeed it's so obvious 
that legacy systems can be patched to check for it easily).  I'm still not 
sure those benefits outweigh the cost of silly states, but it's closer to 
making the cut.

I'm not at all sure this is a good idea. It changes the overall message
format. Besides header fields and message body, separated by CRLFCRLF,
we now have something additional. Some tools that just pass through
the eigth bit (I'm more thinking about all kinds of secondary tools
rather than the main MUAs and MTAs,...) may choke.

Also, it's difficult to see, which makes debugging more difficult.
This also (together with what you wrote above) makes it difficult to drop.
And it would introduce a bad precedent of using

Regards,    Martin. 


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Mar 21 08:41:01 2006
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This sounds reasonable.

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com

Chris Newman wrote:
> If we're using:
> 
>  phrase <utf8@utf8-domain, ascii@domain>
> 
> in RFC 2822 + UTF 8 headers, why don't we use:
> 
> MAIL FROM:<utf8@utf8-domain, ascii@domain>
> 
> in SMTP instead of the ALT-ADDRESS parameter?
> 
> The similar looking protocol is an obvious, but minor advantage of this
> approach.
> 
> However, the major advantage of this stems from a limitation of ESMTP
> parameters.  RFC 2821 forbids the use of "=" in an ESMTP parameter value
> and "=" is a common character in ASCII email addresses.  Furthermore, it
> forbids use of space which is legal (albeit never used).  We could work
> around this using xtext encoding (as ORCPT does), by ignoring the rules
> or by forbidding those characters.  But I don't find any of those as
> satisfactory as simply putting both addresses in the angle-brackets.
> 
> So I propose we remove ALT-ADDRESS and replace it with optional
> dual-address in the angle-brackets so we can sidestep the parameter
> encoding/illegal-character issue.

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> So I propose we remove ALT-ADDRESS and replace it with optional 
> dual-address in the angle-brackets so we can sidestep the parameter 
> encoding/illegal-character issue.

So:

If there is one address
    and the ATOMIC parameter is present
    and the UTF-8 address must be converted
    then the converted address is added to the rcpt-to list.

If there are two addresses
    then the conversion has already been performed.

It is tempting to suggest that a posting agent simply include both addresses all 
the time.  Therefore it would not be necessary to do the conversion later.  It 
would merely be a case of choosing one.

I do not recall whether ALT-ADDRESS is restricted to be a conversion of the 
UTF-8 address, but it might be useful to allow it to be any legacy-encoded 
address.  Having the posting agent specify the rcpt-to address as a list 
obviously permits this freedom; addresses may be entirely independent of each other.

d/

-- 

Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
<http://bbiw.net>

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Mar 21 10:47:42 2006
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Edmon,

What is being proposed *is* a list.  That the list is a USE-ONE-OF, rather than 
a USE-ALL, form of list. However this strikes me as a minor point of distinction.

I suspect the only important issue about making the syntactic choice is that the 
delimiter be taken from the existing set of special characters.  Slash and 
vertical bar are not members of that set.

d/

Edmon Chung wrote:
> A small suggestion...
> We talked about using a separator for the UTF8 and ASCII addresses within the angle brackets and started using the comma.  This seems to be a bit confusing especially considering what Dave pointed out in RFC733, since commas are usually used for lists, i.e. "ALL" rather than "OR".
> Would suggest using a different separator, e.g. a slash "/" or a vertical bar "|":
> <utf8@utf8 / ascii@ascii>
> <utf8@utf8 | ascii@ascii>
> 
> Edmon
> 
>  
> ----- Original Message ----- 
>> If we're using:
>>
>>  phrase <utf8@utf8-domain, ascii@domain>
>>
>> in RFC 2822 + UTF 8 headers, why don't we use:
>>
>> MAIL FROM:<utf8@utf8-domain, ascii@domain>
>>
>> in SMTP instead of the ALT-ADDRESS parameter?

-- 

Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
<http://bbiw.net>

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Mar 21 11:00:10 2006
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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: dcrocker@bbiw.net, Edmon Chung <edmon@afilias.info>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Specify a "use only one of these" address list
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--On Tuesday, March 21, 2006 09:47 -0600 Dave Crocker 
<dhc2@dcrocker.net> wrote:

> Edmon,
>
> What is being proposed *is* a list.  That the list is a
> USE-ONE-OF, rather than a USE-ALL, form of list. However this
> strikes me as a minor point of distinction.
>
> I suspect the only important issue about making the syntactic
> choice is that the delimiter be taken from the existing set of
> special characters.  Slash and vertical bar are not members of
> that set.

Worse yet, slash is a key syntax character in a local-form 
address from a particular class of gateway that, while better 
best forgotten, can't be.
    john



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Mar 21 11:06:30 2006
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Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2006 11:06:21 -0500
From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>, Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>,
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--On Tuesday, March 21, 2006 18:26 +0900 Martin Duerst 
<duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote:

> At 08:02 06/03/21, John C Klensin wrote:
>  >Chris,
>  >
>  >It seems to me that the list of character sets that SHOULD
> be supported potentially adds considerable complexity to the
> protocol and doesn't accomplish much.
>  >
>  >So, two questions for people to think about...
>  >
>  >(1) Any POP client today that receives non-ASCII material is
> going to do so in encoded word form for the headers and Base64
> or Q-P form,
>
> Or 8bit, unless that's forbidden in the case of POP.

Forbidden in POP (see forthcoming note)

>  >with a character set label, for textual body parts. Q-P
> works fairly badly outside the "Latin" ISO8859 sets and some
> would claim that it never works well.
>
> It's not that it doesn't work well, it's just really
> inefficient.

>From a user perspective, the "feature" of Q-P is that it is 
almost readable even without conversion back to the original 
form.  That works ok -- although preferences differ-- for text 
bodies that are mostly ASCII with a sprinkling of Latin-N 
characters.   For other text bodies, it just don't communicate 
any useful information if read without back-conversion.  If one 
can guarantee conversion (decoding) at the receiving end, then 
it is all about efficiency, as you point out.

>  >Those clients already have the machinery for decoding (or
> don't and have unhappy users), although future ones --the
> client side of the NO_RETR problem-- may not.  Now, getting
> from Base64 (or Q-P) or encoded words to a character coding
> that matches the charset label or encode word charset code is
> straightforward and mechanical.  But I wonder if we need to
> support --or if you document actually intends-- any encoding
> other than UTF-8 for addresses.
>
> I think that would be a highly unnecessary complication.

I think that is right, but we need to look carefully at existing 
standards and actual use patterns.

>  >Perhaps now is the time to start saying "our on-the-wire
> data format for text is going to be UTF-8 and non-UTF-8
> environments need to support that conversion, and only that
> conversion, going forward".
>
> As for 'text', as far as this refers to body text, I think
> it's okay to
> leave things as they are currently, i.e. that various
> encodings are
> allowed as long as they are documented with a charset
> parameter in
> the Content-Type header. Of course, my hope is that most of the
> messages that use internationalized addresses will have their
> body in UTF-8, but I don't think there is any reason to force
> that, it will happen naturally.

I think we agree

>  >(2) That question is clearly more general that this WG's
> mission.    Is it time to formally ask the IAB to convene a
> process for advising the applications community whether we are
> ready to take such a step?
>
> Which step exactly?

See below

>  >Any resemblance between the above concerns and this
> morning's AppArea conversation about an NVT-i18n is obviously
> no coincidence.
>
> For the benefit of those not in Dallas, could you explain.

One of the key design decisions in getting the ARPANET to 
function at a user/ applications level was the establishment of 
a standard for the form in which text would pass over the net. 
It is known as "net-ASCII" or "the NVT (network virtual 
terminal) character set" (the two are slightly different, but 
the difference is not important here).  The model was that 
systems sending text over the network --especially as part of 
protocol exchanges-- were required to convert to that form and 
systems receiving such text were required to convert from it -- 
both to the extent needed locally -- this avoiding all sorts of 
n-squared problems.

For non-ASCII text, we have tended (for good reasons at the 
time) to go the other way, more or less permitting any CCS to be 
used and focusing on making sure that the receiving system knows 
what has been sent to that it can take responsibility for 
remapping it locally if needed.  For some purposes that is fine, 
but it leads to lousy protocol design.

So the question that started yesterday morning was whether it is 
time to define an NVT-i18n (net-Unicode?).  Given how we have 
gotten here, that form would presumably be UTF-8 with CRLF line 
termination, but the question is whether, even if we assume a 
Unicode world, we are ready to make an NVT-like rule rather than 
having UCS-2 or UCS-4, sundry bit orders, etc., floating around 
the network as "Unicode". And, of course, for other character 
codings, the need becomes even more urgent.

    john




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I'd like to make a request of participants in this WG effort, 
especially those who come to the work from the perspective of 
internationalization efforts rather than email ones. It is sort 
of an extension of expecting people who haven't read the 
documents to sit in back and be quiet in meetings.

This effort is very different from the IDN/IDNA one in at least 
one very important way.  With IDNA, as soon as the decision was 
made that the characters that actually went into the DNS would 
conform to the hostname/LDH rule, it because possible to 
essentially ignore how the DNS worked internally.  Whether doing 
so was wise or not is something we will continue to debate for 
years, but it was possible.  This effort, at least in the model 
contemplated in the WG charter and preliminary documents, 
actually does need to interwork with the existing email 
environment and do so in very fundamental ways.  If we are going 
to make progress, everyone is going to need to be familiar with 
the relevant email specifications -- RFC 2821 and 2822 for 
everyone; the MIME specs, especially those pieces that deal with 
internal body part headers, encoded words, registrations, 
constraints on multipart types and encodings for people thinking 
about downgrades; the POP and IMAP specs for people thinking 
about extensions to those protocols, etc.    Discussions without 
that familiarity will, at best, cost us a huge amount of time. 
And on-list tutorials on mail fundamentals are just not a way to 
move the WG forward on the many issues we need to resolve.

This stuff is complex and subtle.  We got a dramatic 
demonstration of just how subtle it is yesterday when we 
discovered that the authors or RFC 822 and 2822 could remember 
just what went into a particular header field (I assure them 
that I would do much worse with 2822 -- I have learned to never 
answer a question without checking the text and I get myself 
into trouble almost every time I violate that principle).

So, please, try to read and understand the documents -- not only 
the WG documents but the relevant basic email specifications -- 
before posting comments that good lead us on what are often 
called in English "wild goose chases".

thanks,
    john


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> Worse yet, slash is a key syntax character in a local-form address from 
> a particular class of gateway that, while better best forgotten, can't be.
>    john

oh.  right.  how interesting i forgot that...

to that end, i should note that two other characters that are <special>, but are
not defined as such in the 2822 or 2821 list of specials are plus (+) and equal (=).

My suggestion is that the delimiter for the representation of this address set
a) be the same for rfc2822 header fields and rfc2821 the rcptto command, and

b) be taken from the common set of lexical specials in rfc2821 and rfc2822. I
think that comma falls in that category.

d/
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Edmon Chung wrote:
> I guess the point is, there should probably be some differentiation than using a comma.
> Edmon

That is a concise statement.  Thanks.

What I am not understanding is why a syntactic distinction is needed, here.  How
will it improve usability, reliability, or the like?

d/
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> Worse yet, slash is a key syntax character in a local-form address from 
> a particular class of gateway that, while better best forgotten, can't be.
>    john

oh.  right.  how interesting i forgot that...

to that end, i should note that two other characters that are <special>, but are 
not defined as such in the 2822 or 2821 list of specials are plus (+) and equal (=).

My suggestion is that the delimiter for the representation of this address set 
a) be the same for rfc2822 header fields and rfc2821 the rcptto command, and

b) be taken from the common set of lexical specials in rfc2821 and rfc2822. I 
think that comma falls in that category.

d/
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> Worse yet, slash is a key syntax character in a local-form address from 
> a particular class of gateway that, while better best forgotten, can't be.
>    john

oh.  right.  how interesting i forgot that...

to that end, i should note that two other characters that are <special>, but are
not defined as such in the 2822 or 2821 list of specials are plus (+) and equal (=).

My suggestion is that the delimiter for the representation of this address set
a) be the same for rfc2822 header fields and rfc2821 the rcptto command, and

b) be taken from the common set of lexical specials in rfc2821 and rfc2822. I
think that comma falls in that category.

d/
-- 

Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
<http://bbiw.net>

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Edmon Chung wrote:
> I guess the point is, there should probably be some differentiation than using a comma.
> Edmon

That is a concise statement.  Thanks.

What I am not understanding is why a syntactic distinction is needed, here.  How 
will it improve usability, reliability, or the like?

d/
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Edmon Chung wrote:
> Well, if there are certain ways that application treats comma separated lists of email addresses in the given context currently, then a different notation would more clearly signal a need for handling them differently.

OK.  Fair concern.

I believe the answer is:

      Nothing currently handles commas inside angle-brackets.

      So we are talking about brand new code and a brand new capability.

(I feel safe is asserting that there is no deployed code that supports the 
original RFC733 construct...)

d/

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--On Tuesday, March 21, 2006 08:04 -0600 Dave Crocker 
<dhc2@dcrocker.net> wrote:

>> So I propose we remove ALT-ADDRESS and replace it with
>> optional  dual-address in the angle-brackets so we can
>> sidestep the parameter  encoding/illegal-character issue.
>
> So:
>
> If there is one address
>     and the ATOMIC parameter is present
>     and the UTF-8 address must be converted
>     then the converted address is added to the rcpt-to list.
>
> If there are two addresses
>     then the conversion has already been performed.
>
> It is tempting to suggest that a posting agent simply include
> both addresses all the time.  Therefore it would not be
> necessary to do the conversion later.  It would merely be a
> case of choosing one.

Both addresses may not exist.  We've been told by system 
administrators and users all over the world (but some parts of 
the world in particular -- this is layer 9 stuff and I'm happy 
to discuss specifics privately)  that a requirement that they 
have and manage ASCII addresses when they are communicating only 
locally is unacceptable and insulting.   As we all know, 
protocol requirements that are considered unreasonable are 
generally ignored.   I think that, in practical terms, we need 
to allow for the case that neither ATOMIC nor an alternate 
address will be present and that probably ought to specify what 
should be done in that case.

My personal view is that, if one is reduced to guessing about 
the address to which a message should be delivered, it is better 
to bounce it, but others may disagree.

> I do not recall whether ALT-ADDRESS is restricted to be a
> conversion of the UTF-8 address, but it might be useful to
> allow it to be any legacy-encoded address.  Having the posting
> agent specify the rcpt-to address as a list obviously permits
> this freedom; addresses may be entirely independent of each
> other.

It is not restricted to such a conversion.  It is not even 
restricted to be in the same domain.  I think that Yangwoo and I 
explained why in the framework document but, if not, or if it 
isn't clear there, we will be happy to do so at length.  But the 
short answer is that, in many countries, some people use 
transliterations of their actual names while others use 
translations (sometimes fanciful ones).   There are no standard 
rules.  The reason for the different domain?  There are several 
but consider

    real-mailbox-in-local-script@mail.example.com
and
 
translated-or-mapped-name@automatic-content-language-translator.example.com

Two other observations about the comma story.  These aren't 
showstoppers, just things to think about before we decide.   As 
many of us are unlucky enough to know, we've got a legacy piece 
of SMTP syntax that looks like

   <@a,@b,@c:d@e>

Quite independent of the more substantive reasons for abandoning 
and it and deprecating its use, many implementations of it were 
astonishingly bad, resulting in other implementations that 
perhaps got unreasonably permissive.    I vaguely remember at 
least one that would accept
   <a,b,c:d@e>
as a form of the above.   If such code is around, it could get 
really confused.

As we discussed yesterday, this may be the point at which we 
invoke the "if you implement this extension, you need to clean 
up your act" rule.  But that rule has costs and should be 
applied carefully.  The reason I initially chose a parameter was 
just to dodge any possible concerns about strange legacy code in 
this area.  I'm not particularly committed to it, but that is 
why it started the way it did.

Dave wrote a bit later...

> My suggestion is that the delimiter for the representation of
> this address set a) be the same for rfc2822 header fields and
> rfc2821 the rcptto command, and
>
> b) be taken from the common set of lexical specials in rfc2821
> and rfc2822. I think that comma falls in that category.

I certainly agree with (b) if we are going down this path.  For 
(a), I suggest it is a desirable target, but that we need to 
examine and balance other considerations.  Those addresses are 
already a bit different (no name phrase in RCPT, I think no 
@a:b@c forms in 2822 addresses).  And I think the case analysis 
of what a downgraded form would look like to a legacy POP or 
IMAP client needs to be done _very_ carefully.

Edmon wrote:

> Well, if there are certain ways that application treats comma
> separated lists of email addresses in the given context
> currently, then a different notation would more clearly signal
> a need for handling them differently.

It feels as if Edmon and Dave aren't communicating, so let me 
try to explain what I think Edmon is saying.

In the most common case,
    ...
   RCPT TO:<foo@bar.baz>
   RCPT TO:<bong@bar.baz>
shows up in the headers as
   To: foo@bar.baz, bong@bar.baz
Now, we can also have
   To: Melvin <foo@bar.baz>, Dick <bong@bar.baz>
but the no-phrase forms
   To: <foo@bar.baz>, <bong@bar.baz>
are aesthetically unattractive (and were prohibited entirely 
prior to, I think, RFC 1123)

So, if one is going to have
    RCPT TO:<foo@bar.baz, ascii-foo@bar.baz>
    RCPT TO:<bong@bar.baz>
That "To:" header is going to look like...
    To:  <foo@bar.baz, ascii-foo@bar.baz>, bong@bar.baz
????

Well, it is ugly.  Users who have been taught to ignore the 
brackets when name phrases are not present will be confused. 
And my confidence that MUA implementers will get it right is not 
what you'd call high.

And I think that was, more or less, Edmon's point.

    john




         john


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Sorry, this note crossed my earlier reply in the aether. 
Comment below.

--On Tuesday, March 21, 2006 10:50 -0600 Dave Crocker 
<dhc2@dcrocker.net> wrote:

> Edmon Chung wrote:
>> Well, if there are certain ways that application treats comma
>> separated lists of email addresses in the given context
>> currently, then a different notation would more clearly
>> signal a need for handling them differently.
>
> OK.  Fair concern.
>
> I believe the answer is:
>
>       Nothing currently handles commas inside angle-brackets.
>
>       So we are talking about brand new code and a brand new
> capability.

To be strictly correct "nothing currently handles unquoted 
commas inside angle-brackets".   The distinction is important 
because of the issues we had a brief discussion about yesterday: 
the quoting conventions are routinely screwed up as addresses 
are quoted and dequoted as mail passes through various systems.

Ned has more experience in this particular area than I do, but I 
would not be at all surprised if there were systems out there 
that would take
      a,b
as a syntax variation on
      "a\,b"  or "a,b"
and hence
      <a,b>
as a syntax variation on
      <"a\,b">  or <"a,b">

And, at that point, code written under an expansive view of the 
robustness principle to compensate for bad/buggy code could get 
into trouble with this.

See the earlier note about the "clean up your act..." principle, 
but I fear that, with some implementations, this could cause 
something that users have expected to work in a particular way 
to suddenly stop working.  And that makes the subset of users 
who identify themselves as "customers" very unhappy in painful 
ways.

Ned, what do you think?

> (I feel safe is asserting that there is no deployed code that
> supports the original RFC733 construct...)

Yeah.
     john





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> My personal view is that, if one is reduced to guessing about the 
> address to which a message should be delivered, it is better to bounce 
> it, but others may disagree.

I believe that an agent associated with an author or an agent associated with a 
recipient can reasonably be authorized to make some kinds of guesses.

I believe  it would be disastrous to have a standard that authorizes any sort of 
intermediary between them to make guesses.

d/

> It feels as if Edmon and Dave aren't communicating, so let me try to 
> explain what I think Edmon is saying.
> 
> In the most common case,
>    ...
>   RCPT TO:<foo@bar.baz>
>   RCPT TO:<bong@bar.baz>
> shows up in the headers as
>   To: foo@bar.baz, bong@bar.baz
> Now, we can also have
>   To: Melvin <foo@bar.baz>, Dick <bong@bar.baz>
> but the no-phrase forms
>   To: <foo@bar.baz>, <bong@bar.baz>
> are aesthetically unattractive (and were prohibited entirely prior to, I 
> think, RFC 1123)
> 
> So, if one is going to have
>    RCPT TO:<foo@bar.baz, ascii-foo@bar.baz>
>    RCPT TO:<bong@bar.baz>
> That "To:" header is going to look like...
>    To:  <foo@bar.baz, ascii-foo@bar.baz>, bong@bar.baz

yes.  i believe the reality is that there is no "pretty" way to provide the 
alterntive addresses for the same recipient.  so we merely get to debate among 
ugly choices.

d/
-- 

Dave Crocker
Brandenburg InternetWorking
<http://bbiw.net>

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--On Tuesday, March 21, 2006 11:12 -0600 Dave Crocker 
<dcrocker@bbiw.net> wrote:

>> My personal view is that, if one is reduced to guessing about
>> the  address to which a message should be delivered, it is
>> better to bounce  it, but others may disagree.
>
> I believe that an agent associated with an author or an agent
> associated with a recipient can reasonably be authorized to
> make some kinds of guesses.

I certainly agree with that principle.  I get a little more 
anxious about an agent associated with a class of users, but not 
knowing which user is the recipient, making guesses but can 
tolerate it.  In particular, you know the mixed history of 
nearest-match address guessing systems.  The most difficult of 
those problems is having an address that works well and without 
comment for an extended period suddenly stop (or end up 
somewhere unexpected) because a conflicting address or nearer 
match is added to the receiving system.

Of course, if one carries that concern far enough, the logical 
conclusion is that all of this address substitution is a bad 
idea, a bad idea vaguely related to the "your address isn't 
deliverable, the message has been sent to ...." reply status 
from 821.  And that brings us to the conclusion that the right 
way to deal with an i18n address that cannot be transferred and 
delivered without transformation is to bounce it with an 
explanation that ASCII addresses and headers are needed in the 
path to the destination.   I'm not ready to go there, and I 
suspect I'm a lot more ready than many others, but...

> I believe  it would be disastrous to have a standard that
> authorizes any sort of intermediary between them to make
> guesses.

Again agreed.  Beyond that, isolating the cases may require a 
whiteboard.

     john





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John C Klensin wrote:
> So the question that started yesterday morning was whether it is time 
> to define an NVT-i18n (net-Unicode?).  Given how we have gotten here, 
> that form would presumably be UTF-8 with CRLF line termination, but 
> the question is whether, even if we assume a Unicode world, we are 
> ready to make an NVT-like rule rather than having UCS-2 or UCS-4, 
> sundry bit orders, etc., floating around the network as "Unicode". 
> And, of course, for other character codings, the need becomes even 
> more urgent. 
One reading of RFC 2277 (IETF Policy on Character Sets and Languages) is 
that it allows a protocol to do exactly that, while also permitting a 
protocol to permit other choices.

It may be time to consider removing or restricting the leeway.


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Just for the record, I think this is a great idea.  Where I'm 
confused about what to do (and worried) is about how to map the 
syntax into the headers (see earlier note).   If we need to do 
<something else> in the headers, then we need to look at the 
tradeoffs and priorities between:

* doing one thing that seems right for envelope and another 
thing that seems right for headers and

* doing something that can be done consistently in both places.

      john


--On Tuesday, March 21, 2006 00:38 -0600 Chris Newman 
<Chris.Newman@Sun.COM> wrote:

> If we're using:
>
>   phrase <utf8@utf8-domain, ascii@domain>
>
> in RFC 2822 + UTF 8 headers, why don't we use:
>
> MAIL FROM:<utf8@utf8-domain, ascii@domain>
>
> in SMTP instead of the ALT-ADDRESS parameter?
>
> The similar looking protocol is an obvious, but minor
> advantage of this approach.
>...


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Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2006 22:45:02 -0600
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] UTF8 POP and character sets
In-reply-to: <D040E32DF582BA2F6EAEEAFF@as-s2n>
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John C Klensin wrote on 3/20/06 18:02 -0500:
> It seems to me that the list of character sets that SHOULD be supported
> potentially adds considerable complexity to the protocol and doesn't
> accomplish much.

The charset requirements are specifically for the purpose of up-conversion from 
RFC 2047/2231 to native UTF-8.  I do not require or recommend any changes to 
bodies, body charsets or body transfer encodings.

RFC 2047 interoperability is mediocre in the field (particularly when it comes 
to whitespace handling between encoded words) and 2231 support is uncommon.  So 
the implicit intention behind the POP document (and upcoming IMAP document) 
up-conversion requirements is to obsolete the encoding mechanisms that don't 
work well as quickly as possible.  Indeed, these encoding mechanisms have 
caused my product team a truly incredible amount of pain.  The goal of 
deprecating 2047 and 2231 as quickly as possible is the primary reason why I'm 
interested in this effort.  UTF-8 local parts just happen to be a nice 
side-effect of the UTF-8 header proposal from my perspective.

The charset requirements are written so an implementer can simply use an 
open-source library such as ICU to make a POP server fully compliant, so the 
implementation burden is minor.  And it's only a "SHOULD" for the rare cases 
where a POP server can't deal with 1.5MB shared library for charset conversions.

The primary value of POP is how simple it is to write a client.  Deprecating 
the requirement to support 2047/2231 will improve the situation so it's worth 
some server effort.  Indeed, POP clients have the worst track-record on 2047 
compliance.

> (2) That question is clearly more general that this WG's mission.    Is it
> time to formally ask the IAB to convene a process for advising the
> applications community whether we are ready to take such a step?

While I like the move in the direction of UTF-8, I see no reason to push it 
more than RFC 2277 does today.  MIME body charset labels and encodings work 
just fine and don't seem to cause any significant problems.  There are many 
charset conversion libraries which are competent.  I do see a reason to 
deprecate 2047/2231 as quickly as possible, but that's for interoperability 
reasons; the mandated charset conversions for header charsets are simply a 
necessary side effect of replacing the problematic encodings with UTF-8 headers.

                - Chris


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Mar 22 00:57:42 2006
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Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2006 23:59:32 -0600
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Specify a "use only one of these" address list
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Edmon Chung wrote on 3/21/06 9:27 -0500:
> A small suggestion...
> We talked about using a separator for the UTF8 and ASCII addresses within the
> angle brackets and started using the comma.  This seems to be a bit confusing
> especially considering what Dave pointed out in RFC733, since commas are
> usually used for lists, i.e. "ALL" rather than "OR". Would suggest using a
> different separator, e.g. a slash "/" or a vertical bar "|":
> <utf8@utf8 / ascii@ascii>
> <utf8@utf8 | ascii@ascii>

This is a great suggestion from a usability standpoint as it makes the "OR" 
property clearer to end-users in the event the mail client displays the headers 
unprocessed.  Unfortunately, both "/" and "|" are problematic because they are 
not specials and thus cause lexical problems (the serious one is that the space 
after a non-special delimiter would be lexically critical and that's 
non-intuitive so it will cause problems).

If we want a more user-friendly syntax than "," and we're limited to the 
specials, the option that comes to mind is:

<utf8@utf8 [ascii@ascii]>

I really like this syntax as it makes the subordinate nature of the ascii 
address clear.  Unfortunately, the following case:

<utf8@utf8 [ascii@[domain-literal]]>

would force a change to the lexical model for addresses as nested [] are not 
permitted today.  I don't have a good sense of how many implementations have a 
lexical processing step and how disruptive this would be to those 
implementations.  I'm not sure if that disruption would outweigh the usability 
benefit.

Thoughts?

                - Chris


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Mar 22 01:14:20 2006
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Date: Wed, 22 Mar 2006 00:16:13 -0600
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
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Additional items for the EAI issues list:

* Sieve extension for EAI.

* A few years ago, Alexey had an SMTP language command to localize SMTP error
  responses.  While we're working on i18n, should we revive that draft from the
  dustbin?

* Should the POP EAI draft add a LANG command to negotiate UTF-8 error text
  responses?  (IMAP already has an i18n draft for this purpose)

                - Chris


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Mar 22 02:12:11 2006
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Date: Wed, 22 Mar 2006 01:13:42 -0600
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] ATOMIC parameter
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I need to break the contentious use case into a two sub-cases (neither case has 
an alternate address):

1. MAIL FROM:<ascii@ascii>
   RCPT TO:<ascii@ascii>
   ...
   From: name <utf8@utf8>

2. MAIL FROM:<utf8@utf8>
   RCPT TO:<ascii@ascii>
   ...
   From: name <utf8@utf8>

If I understand your position, it is always acceptable to pass case 1 forward, 
even if the headers must be down-converted.  And I observe that if the 
recipient replies to this message after down-conversion, the RCPT TO in the 
reply will use the down-converted address from the From header.

Furthermore, in case 2, you believe it is better to bounce rather than 
downgrade because once the envelope is downgraded any later bounce will be more 
confusing to the originator.

Do I correctly understand your position?

My position is that if we define a 7-bit down-conversion for utf-8 local parts, 
there is no way to prevent the originator's mail system from seeing that 7-bit 
down-conversion in some cases.  As a result, it will at least be a best 
practice (if not a SHOULD or MUST) for the mail system which supports utf-8 
local parts to also support the 7-bit down-conversion.  As long as the ACE is 
easy to recognize and 100% reversible, this seems like a simple problem for the 
mail system to solve.

And given that, the principle that we should bounce as a near last resort 
trumps any concern that the down-converted return address might cause problems. 
(And I'd like to experiment with putting the xtext-encoded UTF-8 original 
recipient in the ORCPT parameter to mitigate your concern further).

So I view "ATOMIC=N" as an explicit statement that the originator is 
deliberately violating best practices and has no wish to communicate with 
anyone who can't preserve the address in its pure form.  If we want to minimize 
partitioning problems, then I believe we should not make the protocol more 
complex simply to cater to this case.  Now as I'm an engineer rather than a 
politician, I'm willing to accept that I may be ignorant of political realities 
in this case and would be willing to compromise if ATOMIC had a clearer name 
(e.g. BOUNCE-BEFORE-7BIT-GATEWAY=Y).  But I do not see a valid engineering 
argument to ever do anything other than an implicit "ATOMIC=Y".

I also see no problem with giving systems that embed processing instructions in 
the local part a simple choice: either use 7-bit only, or support ACE upgrade 
as well as UTF-8.  If such systems find our present local-part ACE too complex, 
perhaps we should choose a simpler one (e.g., base 32 with a prefix).

                - Chris

John C Klensin wrote on 3/20/06 18:23 -0500:

> Chris,
>
> I've read your note several times to see if I can figure out where we
> disagree.    I think it is the nature of the things that are encoded in local
> parts and, ultimately, the reason why that "no local-part interpretation by
> senders or relays" rule is there.
>
> Given that rule, if one is sending UTF-8 address material to a current,
> RFC821-compliant-only final receiver (the worst case as far as I know), I
> think that one needs to know exactly how that receiver interprets and decodes
> addresses, and the order in which it does so, in order to downgrade the
> addresses. Certainly downgrading other header, or even body, material is not
> problematic.   This many not be problematic for POP3 or IMAP because any
> mailbox routing or other transformations that will be applied by the delivery
> SMTP server will presumably be applied before anything gets to the mail store.
>
> But, for in-transit downgrading in the general case, I think that any
> downgrade/recoding mechanism we can devise is a shot in the dark, one that
> risks a sender eventually getting a bounce message about an address he or she
> has never seen before. Personally, I think _that_ is the worst possible case:
> the message gets bounced rather than delivered, and the error message is
> unintelligible. If the message is going to bounce, better to have it bounce
> from a point at which a plausible error report can be generated.
>
> Now, a way to read my analysis and yours together is that we need to
> drastically narrow the cases for which ATOMIC is relevant.  If, for example,
> we have a message with UTF-8 header material but all-ASCII addresses, then
> one clearly can, and should, downgrade the headers (using encoded words or
> the equivalent).  (I think this makes the case for no UTF-8 in header _names_
> even stronger.)   It is only when the addresses (actually the address
> local-parts because we can "downgrade" domain names to punycode) themselves
> are in UTF-8 and there is no next-hop support are we in serious trouble.  And
> it was that case for which ATOMIC was designed.
>
> That still leaves an interesting case in which the message can be accurately
> delivered because the local parts in all of the forward-pointing addresses
> are ASCII but the backward-pointing address(es) are not.  And that is the old
> argument about whether a message should be delivered even if it is known that
> it cannot be replied to.  You would, I think, say "yes", as would I.  The
> antispam community generally says "no".  And I hope that we can avoid having
> to resolve it here.
>
>      john
>
>
> --On Monday, March 20, 2006 02:22 -0600 Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
> wrote:
>
>> Although I'm sympathetic to the motivations behind the ATOMIC
>> parameter, I believe it is an incorrect bias of protocol
>> purity over operational robustness.
>>
>> As a matter of operational robustness it is almost always
>> better to move questionable email material forward than to
>> bounce it.  If the recipient gets something that appears to be
>> corrupt, they will contact the sender to resend the material.
>> If the message is important, the recipient will probably have
>> out-of-band mechanisms to contact the sender that are more
>> likely to work than the MAIL FROM address (e.g. a cell phone
>> number, etc).
>>
>> On the flip side, it is quite easy to mis-configure the MAIL
>> FROM address and the problem probably won't be noticed unless
>> the person who did so gets a complaint from a colleague which
>> will only happen if the message moves forward and the
>> colleague's attempt to reply fails.  We also have widely
>> deployed systems that do inappropriate things with MAIL FROM
>> that can cause loops or other badness when a bounce happens.
>> And in the new world of Spam blowback, many people simply
>> ignore almost all bounces (myself included, unfortunately).
>>
>> This is very unfortunate for those of us who care a great deal
>> about protocol purity.  It's really painful to pass
>> non-interoperable junk forward but the outcome for the users
>> involved is more likely to be better, so it's usually the
>> right thing to do.
>>
>> Which brings us to the ATOMIC parameter.  We all like the rule
>> which forbids local part interpretation by remote systems and
>> I respect the ATOMIC parameter approach as a clever way to
>> preserve that rule.  Unfortunately, ATOMIC=no leaves MTAs in
>> an untenable situation: either ignore the standard,
>> downconvert and pass forward or bounce.  Unfortunately,
>> robustness suggests the right answer is to ignore the
>> standard.  Were I implementing a system, I'd probably ignore
>> the standard for this case by default and include an option to
>> follow the standard.  But having "do the right thing for
>> users" and "comply with the standard" as two separate settings
>> is not something I like (how often do people use the "strict
>> ANSI" option on their C compiler?).
>>
>> Use of a UTF-8 local part should implicitly grant permission
>> to use the 7-bit-encoded alias of that local part.  This is
>> not significantly different from the rule that
>> list-addr@example.com implies the existence of
>> list-addr-request@example.com and the converse is true.
>> Furthermore, if someone wants to use structured UTF-8
>> addresses for special processing and do so while interacting
>> with a 7-bit-only system, I believe it's reasonable to insist
>> they upgrade their special processing system to remove the
>> 7-bit encoding prior to processing.  And as much as I like
>> sub-addresses, their use is simply not widespread enough to
>> merit additional design complexity simply to avoid requiring
>> up-conversion at that point in the system.
>>
>> Finally, down-conversion is a non-negotiable feature for some
>> implementers (myself included).  I have to be able to
>> down-convert the UTF-8 local parts in the headers, even if an
>> alternate address is unavailable (and it doesn't change things
>> if the spec requires an alternate address be available, as we
>> still have to deal with the non-compliant case in quality
>> software).  So I suggest ATOMIC=yes should be implicit from
>> the use of UTF-8 and thus not necessary to include in the
>> protocol specification.
>>
>>                 - Chris
>>
>>
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>
>
>
>
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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Mar 22 02:45:33 2006
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From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] An appeal ab out protocol-readng..b
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While I largely agree with John, I believe some compromise is in order.

When I participate in i18n or security work, I can not become an expert in 
those areas.  I merely have to get to the level of "educated and aware of the 
gaps in my knowledge" to participate usefully.  And my applications perspective 
can be insightful despite some ignorance of i18n/security issues on my part.

The same is true of people with i18n or usability expertise who participate in 
this effort.  While it is helpful for them to learn what they can about the 
email protocol suite, I do not expect them to become experts on the subtleties. 
For example, one contributor made a rather insightful comment from a usability 
perspective despite his lack of knowledge about lexical analysis of email 
addresses (an area few people understand well).  And I was able to make a 
constructive suggestion based on his insight.  It would be a shame to miss such 
insights.

So please participate if you feel you have a useful insight.  But please learn 
what you can about the email protocol suite as John requested, because that can 
improve the quality of your contributions and help the group conclude faster.

                Thank you,
                - Chris

John C Klensin wrote on 3/21/06 11:14 -0500:
> I'd like to make a request of participants in this WG effort, especially
> those who come to the work from the perspective of internationalization
> efforts rather than email ones. It is sort of an extension of expecting
> people who haven't read the documents to sit in back and be quiet in meetings.
>
> This effort is very different from the IDN/IDNA one in at least one very
> important way.  With IDNA, as soon as the decision was made that the
> characters that actually went into the DNS would conform to the hostname/LDH
> rule, it because possible to essentially ignore how the DNS worked
> internally.  Whether doing so was wise or not is something we will continue
> to debate for years, but it was possible.  This effort, at least in the model
> contemplated in the WG charter and preliminary documents, actually does need
> to interwork with the existing email environment and do so in very
> fundamental ways.  If we are going to make progress, everyone is going to
> need to be familiar with the relevant email specifications -- RFC 2821 and
> 2822 for everyone; the MIME specs, especially those pieces that deal with
> internal body part headers, encoded words, registrations, constraints on
> multipart types and encodings for people thinking about downgrades; the POP
> and IMAP specs for people thinking about extensions to those protocols, etc.
> Discussions without that familiarity will, at best, cost us a huge amount of
> time. And on-list tutorials on mail fundamentals are just not a way to move
> the WG forward on the many issues we need to resolve.
>
> This stuff is complex and subtle.  We got a dramatic demonstration of just
> how subtle it is yesterday when we discovered that the authors or RFC 822 and
> 2822 could remember just what went into a particular header field (I assure
> them that I would do much worse with 2822 -- I have learned to never answer a
> question without checking the text and I get myself into trouble almost every
> time I violate that principle).
>
> So, please, try to read and understand the documents -- not only the WG
> documents but the relevant basic email specifications -- before posting
> comments that good lead us on what are often called in English "wild goose
> chases".


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Subject: Re: [EAI] silly states and header label
Date: Wed, 22 Mar 2006 10:12:46 -0000
From: "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
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On Mon, 20 Mar 2006 07:15:41 -0000, Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
wrote:

> If we must use a labeling mechanism, I suggest using a zero-width
> non-joiner UTF-8 character at the beginning of the message.  UTF-8 aware
> SMTP servers are required to insert Received and Return-Path after the
> zero-width non-joiner character.  That has some other nice features --
> it permits instant detection of the encoding for certain out-of-band
> mechanisms (e.g. UTF-8 editors), it has no impact on display, and if the
> message gets to a non-8-bit system the failure is likely to be immediate
> and more obvious rather than later and more obscure (indeed it's so
> obvious that legacy systems can be patched to check for it easily).  I'm
> still not sure those benefits outweigh the cost of silly states, but
> it's closer to making the cut.

Please! Can we establish a basic principle that any feature in a message
that can cause some "technical effect" MUST be visible and understandable
by a human reader (I grant that the feature may be written in UTF-8, but
it must still exhibit a readable text to a human equipped with means to
display that UTF-8).

So no "zero-width non-joiner UTF-8 characters" in critical parts of the
protocol.

But it goes further than that. I think everyone agrees that the present
ASCII local-part is far too permissive - essentially it seems to allow any
combination of ASCII characacters that could not be interpreted as
anything else according to RFC (2)822. Hence people devise all sorts of
obscure ways of encoding secret information in them, and hence the rule
that only the agent at the very end is allowed to interpret what is inside
them.

If that was a mistake (too late to fix now), then let us not make the same
mistake again. It is entirely within our remit to determine what is to be
allowed/forbidden within "UTF-8-extended-local-parts", and the first rule
there should be "WYSIWYG". That means no invisible characters in there,
and no possibility to assign different meanings to different Unicode
characters that may be rendered as the same. IOW, the local-parts should
be normalized in the Unicode sense at least to level NFC, and maybe to
NFKC. Or, equivalently, by using 'stringprep' or some other '*prep'.

Only when that basic decision has been made can we begin to consider
whether an ATOMIC parameter is needed as well. And we can't really answer
that until we have some plausible examples of what hacks end-user-agents
might actually want  to perform.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131 Fax: +44 161 436 6133   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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Charles Lindsey wrote:
> Please! Can we establish a basic principle that any feature in a message
> that can cause some "technical effect" MUST be visible and understandable
> by a human reader (I grant that the feature may be written in UTF-8, but
> it must still exhibit a readable text to a human equipped with means to
> display that UTF-8).
No, I think establishing this as a basic principle would be inappropriate.

For instance, there are many contexts in which the difference between LF 
and CR/LF is not visible to humans; neither is the difference between 
unnormalized and normalized Unicode text - yet both are going to be 
important features of IMA messages.

                  Harald


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Subject: Permissivity of local-parts (Re: [EAI] silly states and header label)
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Administrativia: If people change the subject, PLEASE change the subject 
line!

And if you have multiple issues to raise, PLEASE create more than one 
thread!

> But it goes further than that. I think everyone agrees that the present
> ASCII local-part is far too permissive - essentially it seems to allow 
> any
> combination of ASCII characacters that could not be interpreted as
> anything else according to RFC (2)822. Hence people devise all sorts of
> obscure ways of encoding secret information in them, and hence the rule
> that only the agent at the very end is allowed to interpret what is 
> inside
> them.
I have detected no such consensus.


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Subject: Re: Permissivity of local-parts (Re: [EAI] silly states and header
	label)
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It would be a good idea to exclude obs-local-part and obs-domain syntax when 
defining the ABNF for UTF-8-addr-spec in a message header given we have IETF 
consensus to deprecate that syntax.  But I'd oppose more extensive deprecation 
of syntax as it would distract from more important issues.

                - Chris

Harald Alvestrand wrote on 3/23/06 10:48 -0600:

> Administrativia: If people change the subject, PLEASE change the subject line!
>
> And if you have multiple issues to raise, PLEASE create more than one thread!
>
>> But it goes further than that. I think everyone agrees that the present
>> ASCII local-part is far too permissive - essentially it seems to allow
>> any
>> combination of ASCII characacters that could not be interpreted as
>> anything else according to RFC (2)822. Hence people devise all sorts of
>> obscure ways of encoding secret information in them, and hence the rule
>> that only the agent at the very end is allowed to interpret what is
>> inside
>> them.
> I have detected no such consensus.


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Subject: Re: [EAI] silly states and header label
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Date: Thu, 23 Mar 2006 18:57:35 -0000
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On Thu, 23 Mar 2006 16:46:55 -0000, Harald Alvestrand  
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>> Please! Can we establish a basic principle that any feature in a message
>> that can cause some "technical effect" MUST be visible and  
>> understandable
>> by a human reader (I grant that the feature may be written in UTF-8, but
>> it must still exhibit a readable text to a human equipped with means to
>> display that UTF-8).
> No, I think establishing this as a basic principle would be  
> inappropriate.
>
> For instance, there are many contexts in which the difference between LF  
> and CR/LF is not visible to humans; neither is the difference between  
> unnormalized and normalized Unicode text - yet both are going to be  
> important features of IMA messages.

I grant you that you can mostly ingnore the difference between CRLf and a  
naked LF (which is not supposed to happen on the wire anyway), but the  
matter of unnormalized Unicode text is a good illustration of my point.

If some unnormalized text appears in a header, and normalizing that text  
would lead to a different outcome somewhere in the protocol, then that  
would be a Bad Thing. So it hardly matters if some unnormlized text  
appears in a Subject header (though I would regard it as bad practice),  
but unnormalized text in a local-part could make quite a difference.  
Recall that the IDNA people took greate care to ensure (through the use of  
nameprep) that only the normalized form of a domain name was to be  
meaningful. We should learn from that when designing the local-part.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131 Fax: +44 161 436 6133   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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Subject: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and header label)
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Charles Lindsey wrote:
> On Thu, 23 Mar 2006 16:46:55 -0000, Harald Alvestrand 
> <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:
>
>> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>>> Please! Can we establish a basic principle that any feature in a 
>>> message
>>> that can cause some "technical effect" MUST be visible and 
>>> understandable
>>> by a human reader (I grant that the feature may be written in UTF-8, 
>>> but
>>> it must still exhibit a readable text to a human equipped with means to
>>> display that UTF-8).
>> No, I think establishing this as a basic principle would be 
>> inappropriate.
>>
>> For instance, there are many contexts in which the difference between 
>> LF and CR/LF is not visible to humans; neither is the difference 
>> between unnormalized and normalized Unicode text - yet both are going 
>> to be important features of IMA messages.
>
> I grant you that you can mostly ingnore the difference between CRLf 
> and a naked LF (which is not supposed to happen on the wire anyway), 
> but the matter of unnormalized Unicode text is a good illustration of 
> my point.
I thought it was a refutation of your point. But no matter; we seem to 
agree that being precise about the requirements on normalization of 
Unicode text is important.
>
> If some unnormalized text appears in a header, and normalizing that 
> text would lead to a different outcome somewhere in the protocol, then 
> that would be a Bad Thing. So it hardly matters if some unnormlized 
> text appears in a Subject header (though I would regard it as bad 
> practice), but unnormalized text in a local-part could make quite a 
> difference. Recall that the IDNA people took greate care to ensure 
> (through the use of nameprep) that only the normalized form of a 
> domain name was to be meaningful. We should learn from that when 
> designing the local-part.
>
> --Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------ 
>
> Tel: +44 161 436 6131 Fax: +44 161 436 6133   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl 
>
> Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K. 
>
> PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5 
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sun Mar 26 14:28:46 2006
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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>,
	Charles Lindsey <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and
 header label)
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--On Friday, 24 March, 2006 08:00 -0600 Harald Alvestrand
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>> On Thu, 23 Mar 2006 16:46:55 -0000, Harald Alvestrand 
>> <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:
>> 
>>> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>>>> Please! Can we establish a basic principle that any feature
>>>> in a  message
>>>> that can cause some "technical effect" MUST be visible and 
>>>> understandable
>>>> by a human reader (I grant that the feature may be written
>>>> in UTF-8,  but
>>>> it must still exhibit a readable text to a human equipped
>>>> with means to display that UTF-8).
>>> No, I think establishing this as a basic principle would be 
>>> inappropriate.
>>> 
>>> For instance, there are many contexts in which the
>>> difference between  LF and CR/LF is not visible to humans;
>>> neither is the difference  between unnormalized and
>>> normalized Unicode text - yet both are going  to be
>>> important features of IMA messages.
>> 
>> I grant you that you can mostly ingnore the difference
>> between CRLf  and a naked LF (which is not supposed to happen
>> on the wire anyway),  but the matter of unnormalized Unicode
>> text is a good illustration of  my point.
> I thought it was a refutation of your point. But no matter; we
> seem to agree that being precise about the requirements on
> normalization of Unicode text is important.

Ok so far.  As Harald and some others who were in Dallas know,
but Charles probably does not yet, a discussion in the
applications area meeting on Monday has resulted in my starting
work on a "net-UTF8" specification to supplement the traditional
"net-ASCII" one.  My preference, partially for the reasons
below, is to have any discussions we need to have about
normalization in that context, then to incorporate those rules
in the mail spec.  If we end up with more mail-specific (or
mail, news, and one or two other things-specific) rules we will,
I think, regret it.

If others agree, let's look together at the Net-UTF8 draft and
see if it meets our needs.  If it doesn't, we can revisit this
theme again.  I hope to have a first draft Net-UTF8 I-D up
toward the end of this coming week but, since I need to travel
to New Zealand for ICANN, no promises... it could be sometime
the week after.

>> If some unnormalized text appears in a header, and
>> normalizing that  text would lead to a different outcome
>> somewhere in the protocol, then  that would be a Bad Thing.
>> So it hardly matters if some unnormlized  text appears in a
>> Subject header (though I would regard it as bad  practice),
>> but unnormalized text in a local-part could make quite a 
>> difference.

Well, let's be careful here.  If the "no one looks at the
address other than the receiving system", it is safe to have the
local-part text be the local-part text.   Problems would arise
only if someone started applying normalization rules to text
that wasn't expected to be normalized.  I don't know if we
should prohibit that, or require some sort of normalization
(comments welcome), but it is not obvious that there are
problems with either course of action.

>> Recall that the IDNA people took greate care to
>> ensure  (through the use of nameprep) that only the
>> normalized form of a  domain name was to be meaningful. We
>> should learn from that when  designing the local-part.

There are many things we can learn from that, including learning
from the perception by some people after a couple of years of
experience in some parts of the community that nameprep, in RFC
3491 form, was a mistake.  That particular dissenter community
believes that nameprep should have mapped the upper-case
characters in scripts that have clear "case" into lower-case
ones, should _perhaps_ have mapped pre-composed characters and
composition sequences together, but otherwise should have
avoided doing anything and that, in particular, other character
mappings should have been avoided in favor of simply prohibiting
characters that would be mapped to others.

For us, traditional rules about the local-part avoid the
requirement (or even the desirability) of trying to simulate
case-mapping.   There is no equivalent in local-parts to the
hostname/LDH convention for domain names -- basically, all of
NVT-ASCII is permitted.  The Unicode consortium essentially
claims that, if a character is assigned a code point, it is
different from characters assigned other code points.  

So, there is a case to be made that, if we are to normalize at
all, the only things that need normalizing involve making
sequences of combining characters that should equal each other
or a single precomposed character match.  I'd like advice from
UTC (and others) as to whether that would be wise or worth
doing.  Martin, I'm pretty sure you are following this list...
comments?   Others?

Anyone see any strong justification for doing anything else
along the lines or normalization?    

Rathole warning: if we can avoid stepping very far into this
topic, it would probably be a really good idea.

regards,
   john


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From: "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
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On Sun, 26 Mar 2006 20:28:31 +0100, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:

> Ok so far.  As Harald and some others who were in Dallas know,
> but Charles probably does not yet, a discussion in the
> applications area meeting on Monday has resulted in my starting
> work on a "net-UTF8" specification to supplement the traditional
> "net-ASCII" one.  My preference, partially for the reasons
> below, is to have any discussions we need to have about
> normalization in that context, then to incorporate those rules
> in the mail spec.  If we end up with more mail-specific (or
> mail, news, and one or two other things-specific) rules we will,
> I think, regret it.

OK, if some general principles and conventions can be established at a  
higher level and we can buy into them, then that is well and good.

We are concerned primarily with email addresses here, and I believe these  
have several concerns that do not apply to other headers that might use  
UTF-8 for assorted purposes. Essentially, any email address scheme needs  
to pas two tests, which I shall call the "telephone test" and the "fax  
test".

Suppose Ålice wants to communicate with Bøb. We will presume they are both  
fluent in whichever Scandinavian language uses those characters, but that  
they are unaware of how Unicode works or of possible pitfalls within it.

Harald can correct me, but I think Ålice (who probably pronounces it as  
"Arlice") is Norwegian and Bøb (who probably pronounces is as "Berb") is  
Danish. They use non-ASCII characters in both their local-parts and domain  
names (ålice@tromsö.edu and bøb@holbæk.edu).

The telephone test.

It must be possible for Ålice to tell Bøb her email address over the  
telephone, spelling out the names of the characters if necessary, in such  
a manner that Bøb will be able to send email that will reach her.

The fax test.

It must be possible for Ålice to hand write her email address on a piece  
of paper and fax it to Bøb, in such a manner that Bøb will be able to send  
email that will reach her.

Now those examples were rather simple. But the tests must also succeed  
when the local-part contains routeing information for intepretation by the  
destination host and expressed using the conventions of the target  
language, and they must also work with more complex scripts such as Arabic  
where (AIUI) the same character may be written differently depending on  
its position within a word, and even on whether it forms part of a  
quotation from the Koran.

Consider how present-day email addresses would pass those tests. Domain  
names expressed in ASCII should have no problems at all, and even  
local-parts should work reliably unless they contain quoted-strings with  
NO-WS-CTLs inside them.

Also, internationalized domain names that have passed through nameprep  
should work pretty well, unless they have been deliberately obfuscated by  
using characters of similar appearance taken from different alphabets.

Which leave internationalized local-parts ...


> Well, let's be careful here.  If the "no one looks at the
> address other than the receiving system", it is safe to have the
> local-part text be the local-part text.   Problems would arise
> only if someone started applying normalization rules to text
> that wasn't expected to be normalized.  I don't know if we
> should prohibit that, or require some sort of normalization
> (comments welcome), but it is not obvious that there are
> problems with either course of action.

I suspect that normalization enroute is going to happen whether we like it  
or not - from some unerlying operating system even if not explicitly coded  
into the mail software :-( .

> So, there is a case to be made that, if we are to normalize at
> all, the only things that need normalizing involve making
> sequences of combining characters that should equal each other
> or a single precomposed character match.

That is essentially normalization level NFC, which is usually good enough  
for text intended for human consumption. For words that are of the nature  
of "identifiers" you usually need NFKC.

>  I'd like advice from
> UTC (and others) as to whether that would be wise or worth
> doing.  Martin, I'm pretty sure you are following this list...
> comments?   Others?

Yes, we really need Martin to guide us through all of this.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131 Fax: +44 161 436 6133   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Mar 28 14:33:33 2006
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Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 11:35:40 -0800
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and header label)
In-reply-to: <op.s62jb6up6hl8nm@clerew.man.ac.uk>
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While the tests you describe can not be discounted, there is one much=
 more=20
important test: the gateway test.

When a local part passes through an 8-to-7 (or 7-to-8) gateway, I bel=
ieve any=20
transformation to the local-part must be 99.99% reversible and our=
=20
specifications have to make this very clear.  Things in the middle ar=
e=20
permitted to alter the syntax used to represent the local part (for t=
his=20
down-conversion scenario), but are not permitted to alter the content=
s or=20
semantics in any way.  I consider this critical to minimize the risk =
of=20
partitioning the network.

The recipient domain is permitted to perform any normalization on the=
 recipient=20
local part that it chooses, just as many sites today choose a case-in=
sensitive=20
normalization of US-ASCII local parts.  Recipients who wish to pass t=
he=20
telephone and fax test to the degree you describe will choose to perf=
orm more=20
normalization.  But our specifications do not need to mandate anythin=
g in that=20
area for interoperability.  The correct normalization to use is proba=
bly a=20
research problem (and varies by language and community) and in this c=
ase it's=20
thankfully a problem we need not solve to have a valid specification.

What's different from domains names it that we treated the 7-bit=20
down-conversion as the canonical form (and had to due to DNS restrict=
ions).=20
Because the e-mail infrastructure is more agile than DNS (because it'=
s higher=20
level and more extensible), we can view the 7-bit local-part encoding=
 as merely=20
a tunneling mechanism.  And the best tunneling mechanism is one which=
 does not=20
damage what it tunnels.

We could recommend normalization at the email-address input system.  =
But I'd=20
say anything beyond a limited Unicode pre-composed canonicalization a=
s simple=20
advice is a bad idea.  While some email-address input systems are inf=
luenced by=20
our standards, many are not (including word processors, text editors,=
 terminal=20
windows, etc).  So true interoperability rests with the canonicalizat=
ion done=20
by the recipient system.

                - Chris

Charles Lindsey wrote on 3/27/06 11:56 +0100:

> On Sun, 26 Mar 2006 20:28:31 +0100, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com=
> wrote:
>
>> Ok so far.  As Harald and some others who were in Dallas know,
>> but Charles probably does not yet, a discussion in the
>> applications area meeting on Monday has resulted in my starting
>> work on a "net-UTF8" specification to supplement the traditional
>> "net-ASCII" one.  My preference, partially for the reasons
>> below, is to have any discussions we need to have about
>> normalization in that context, then to incorporate those rules
>> in the mail spec.  If we end up with more mail-specific (or
>> mail, news, and one or two other things-specific) rules we will,
>> I think, regret it.
>
> OK, if some general principles and conventions can be established a=
t a
> higher level and we can buy into them, then that is well and good.
>
> We are concerned primarily with email addresses here, and I believe=
 these
> have several concerns that do not apply to other headers that might=
 use
> UTF-8 for assorted purposes. Essentially, any email address scheme =
needs  to
> pas two tests, which I shall call the "telephone test" and the "fax=
  test".
>
> Suppose =C5lice wants to communicate with B=F8b. We will presume th=
ey are both
> fluent in whichever Scandinavian language uses those characters, bu=
t that
> they are unaware of how Unicode works or of possible pitfalls withi=
n it.
>
> Harald can correct me, but I think =C5lice (who probably pronounces=
 it as
> "Arlice") is Norwegian and B=F8b (who probably pronounces is as "Be=
rb") is
> Danish. They use non-ASCII characters in both their local-parts and=
 domain
> names (=E5lice@troms=F6.edu and b=F8b@holb=E6k.edu).
>
> The telephone test.
>
> It must be possible for =C5lice to tell B=F8b her email address ove=
r the
> telephone, spelling out the names of the characters if necessary, i=
n such  a
> manner that B=F8b will be able to send email that will reach her.
>
> The fax test.
>
> It must be possible for =C5lice to hand write her email address on =
a piece  of
> paper and fax it to B=F8b, in such a manner that B=F8b will be able=
 to send
> email that will reach her.
>
> Now those examples were rather simple. But the tests must also succ=
eed  when
> the local-part contains routeing information for intepretation by t=
he
> destination host and expressed using the conventions of the target =
 language,
> and they must also work with more complex scripts such as Arabic  w=
here
> (AIUI) the same character may be written differently depending on  =
its
> position within a word, and even on whether it forms part of a  quo=
tation
> from the Koran.
>
> Consider how present-day email addresses would pass those tests. Do=
main
> names expressed in ASCII should have no problems at all, and even
> local-parts should work reliably unless they contain quoted-strings=
 with
> NO-WS-CTLs inside them.
>
> Also, internationalized domain names that have passed through namep=
rep
> should work pretty well, unless they have been deliberately obfusca=
ted by
> using characters of similar appearance taken from different alphabe=
ts.
>
> Which leave internationalized local-parts ...
>
>
>> Well, let's be careful here.  If the "no one looks at the
>> address other than the receiving system", it is safe to have the
>> local-part text be the local-part text.   Problems would arise
>> only if someone started applying normalization rules to text
>> that wasn't expected to be normalized.  I don't know if we
>> should prohibit that, or require some sort of normalization
>> (comments welcome), but it is not obvious that there are
>> problems with either course of action.
>
> I suspect that normalization enroute is going to happen whether we =
like it
> or not - from some unerlying operating system even if not explicitl=
y coded
> into the mail software :-( .
>
>> So, there is a case to be made that, if we are to normalize at
>> all, the only things that need normalizing involve making
>> sequences of combining characters that should equal each other
>> or a single precomposed character match.
>
> That is essentially normalization level NFC, which is usually good =
enough
> for text intended for human consumption. For words that are of the =
nature  of
> "identifiers" you usually need NFKC.
>
>>  I'd like advice from
>> UTC (and others) as to whether that would be wise or worth
>> doing.  Martin, I'm pretty sure you are following this list...
>> comments?   Others?
>
> Yes, we really need Martin to guide us through all of this.
>
> --
> Charles=A0H.=A0Lindsey=A0---------At=A0Home,=A0doing=A0my=A0own=
=A0thing----------------------
> --
> Tel:=A0+44=A0161=A0436=A06131=A0Fax:=A0+44=A0161=A0436=A06133=A0=
=A0=A0Web:=A0http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~c
> hl
> Email:=A0chl@clerew.man.ac.uk=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0Snail:=A05=A0Clerewo=
od=A0Ave,=A0CHEADLE,=A0SK8=A03JU,=A0U.
> K.
> PGP:=A02C15F1A9=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0Fingerprint:=A073=A06D=A0C2=A051=
=A093=A0A0=A001=A0E7=A065=A0E8=A064=A07E=A014=A0A4=A0AB=A0
> A5
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>





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Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2006 11:38:46 -0800
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Input from Sieve WG
In-reply-to: <1ce901c6518e$93ea75a0$1206e29f@cnnicyaojk>
To: YAO Jiankang <yaojk@cnnic.cn>, ima@ietf.org
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Agreed.  But we should be keeping a list of "issues to deal with later".

As for POP LANG, I'll just add it to the UTF-8 POP spec (unless there's a 
strong objection).  It's not terribly difficult and we may as well keep the POP 
i18n extensions in one spec.

                - Chris

YAO Jiankang wrote on 3/27/06 19:07 +0800:

>
> on my view,
>   focus the main issues first, slove it, and then these issues.
>
> Yao Jiankang
> CNNIC
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Chris Newman" <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
> To: <ima@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, March 22, 2006 2:16 PM
> Subject: [EAI] Input from Sieve WG
>
>
>> Additional items for the EAI issues list:
>>
>> * Sieve extension for EAI.
>>
>> * A few years ago, Alexey had an SMTP language command to localize SMTP error
>>   responses.  While we're working on i18n, should we revive that draft from
>>   the dustbin?
>>
>> * Should the POP EAI draft add a LANG command to negotiate UTF-8 error text
>>   responses?  (IMAP already has an i18n draft for this purpose)
>>
>>                 - Chris
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> IMA mailing list
>> IMA@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>>
>





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To: "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>, "ima@ietf.org" <ima@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and header
  label)
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At 19:56 06/03/27, Charles Lindsey wrote:
 >On Sun, 26 Mar 2006 20:28:31 +0100, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:

 >We are concerned primarily with email addresses here, and I believe these
 >have several concerns that do not apply to other headers that might use
 >UTF-8 for assorted purposes. Essentially, any email address scheme needs
 >to pas two tests, which I shall call the "telephone test" and the "fax
 >test".

 >Now those examples were rather simple. But the tests must also succeed
 >when the local-part contains routeing information for intepretation by the
 >destination host and expressed using the conventions of the target
 >language,

I don't see any fundamental difference between routing information
and the rest of the address LHS (is there a specific name for that
rest?). If there is a difference, it may be between names for
people and just plain words from the language. Differences that
are significant in people's names may not be significant in
plain words. As an example, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is always
written Goethe, not Go"the (with the dots on the 'o', sorry for
the limited German capabilities of my Japanese mailer), but
in most German words, substituting oe for o" doesn't alter
meaning at all.

 >and they must also work with more complex scripts such as Arabic
 >where (AIUI) the same character may be written differently depending on
 >its position within a word,

That's duely handled by Unicode. There are some issues if you want
a Persian user input an Arabic address or vice versa. There are
also some issues regarding orthography, but these may appear in
any language, and we can assume that they

 >and even on whether it forms part of a quotation from the Koran.
 >
 >Consider how present-day email addresses would pass those tests. Domain
 >names expressed in ASCII should have no problems at all,

Sorry, wrong. 0/O or l/I/1 may pass the telephone test, but they
may easily fail the fax test.

 >and even
 >local-parts should work reliably unless they contain quoted-strings with
 >NO-WS-CTLs inside them.

Yes, and if they do, we would all blame the person who came up with the
idea of using NO-WS-CTLs, rather than the system, wouldn't we.

 >Also, internationalized domain names that have passed through nameprep
 >should work pretty well, unless they have been deliberately obfuscated by
 >using characters of similar appearance taken from different alphabets.

Well, yes, and I think we wouldn't want to change anything in
internationalized domain names. (Or each of us might want to change
something, but we agree it's not our job as a group.)

 >> Well, let's be careful here.  If the "no one looks at the
 >> address other than the receiving system", it is safe to have the
 >> local-part text be the local-part text.   Problems would arise
 >> only if someone started applying normalization rules to text
 >> that wasn't expected to be normalized.  I don't know if we
 >> should prohibit that, or require some sort of normalization
 >> (comments welcome), but it is not obvious that there are
 >> problems with either course of action.
 >
 >I suspect that normalization enroute is going to happen whether we like it
 >or not - from some unerlying operating system even if not explicitly coded
 >into the mail software :-( .

My guess is that this will not happen. First, people working on
OSes have rather little interest in I18N. Second, it would create
a mess, because the layers above definitely don't all have the
same requirements. Third, while normalization could be existing
e.g. in a file system for file names (Apple uses, or at least
used, decomposition (mostly NFD) for their file system), I can't
see it for TCP/IP pipes. As long as the recepient's address isn't
in some way included in a file name, it would be weird for
the OS to mess with the data. For the OS, in particular on an
intermediary MTA, mail addresses are just data. Or am I getting
something wrong here?


 >> So, there is a case to be made that, if we are to normalize at
 >> all, the only things that need normalizing involve making
 >> sequences of combining characters that should equal each other
 >> or a single precomposed character match.
 >
 >That is essentially normalization level NFC,

Yes. NFC also includes some 'singletons', i.e. it removes
what most people think are simple duplicates of characters.
The easiest example is A-ring and the Angstro"m sign, which
look exactly the same but somehow got coded twice.

 >which is usually good enough
 >for text intended for human consumption. For words that are of the nature
 >of "identifiers" you usually need NFKC.

Could be correct, but depends on what exactly you mean by 'need'.
More about that in another mail.


Regards,    Martin. 


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On Tue, 28 Mar 2006 20:35:40 +0100, Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
wrote:

> While the tests you describe can not be discounted, there is one much  
> more important test: the gateway test.
>
> When a local part passes through an 8-to-7 (or 7-to-8) gateway, I  
> believe any transformation to the local-part must be 99.99% reversible  
> and our specifications have to make this very clear.  Things in the  
> middle are permitted to alter the syntax used to represent the local  
> part (for this down-conversion scenario), but are not permitted to alter  
> the contents or semantics in any way.  I consider this critical to  
> minimize the risk of partitioning the network.

That is a fine goal, but may not be achievable. Better to have a
guaranteed bounce when that cannot be achieved than to have no I18N at all.

The one case of a change that will not be reversible is when an address in
some headed contains both a UTF-8 form and an alternate (ASCII) form. Only
the ASCII form will be present when the message is delibered to a strict
RFC2822-only destination.
>
> The recipient domain is permitted to perform any normalization on the  
> recipient local part that it chooses, just as many sites today choose a  
> case-insensitive normalization of US-ASCII local parts.

I think the point of my two tests was that recipient domains need to be
aware that they can make no assumptions regarding the normalization state
of the local parts they receive (because the whole address may have
previously been passed through one of those telephone or fax channels,
this losing any of the content which cannot be conveyed by voice or by
handwriting). Our documents should make it clear that no such reliance may
be placed. But yes, normalization by the recipient domain would be a wise
precaution.

>  Recipients who wish to pass the telephone and fax test to the degree  
> you describe will choose to perform more normalization.  But our  
> specifications do not need to mandate anything in that area for  
> interoperability.

There is a general principle within the Unicode community known as "early
normalization" (which Martin can explain in more detail, since he wrote
the document) which says that it is better to normalize stuff at the point
where it is generated than for every subsequent stage to repeat the
process. One can argue about the robustness of that principle, but it is
probably safer, and better practice, to encourage normalization at the
outset  (MUST or SHOULD).

But hopefully John's "Net UTF-8" proposal is going to set at least some
minimal standard for that.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131 Fax: +44 161 436 6133   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5


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Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and header
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At 10:28 PM 3/28/2006, Martin Duerst wrote:
>>Consider how present-day email addresses would pass those tests. Domain
>>names expressed in ASCII should have no problems at all,
>
>Sorry, wrong. 0/O or l/I/1 may pass the telephone test, but they
>may easily fail the fax test. 

C and Z are often confused on the telephone when using
American English (especially with non-native speakers, 
something my wife can attest to :-).  2 (zwei)
and 3 (drei) can be confused when speaking German
(so much so that some German speakers will instead say
zwo instead of 2 to avoid the zwei/drei confusion).

Kurt 


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Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and header  label)
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I think the discussion so far has proved just about conclusively that 
the standards cannot possibly require recipient systems to have email 
addresses that pass either the telephone number test or the fax test.

It may be a recommendation (good practice for those who pick mailbox 
names), but a sending system cannot assume that recipient systems' email 
addresses are different enough to pass those tests.

So I think that for the purposes of the EAI WG, this is irrelevant.

                 Harald


Kurt D. Zeilenga wrote:

>At 10:28 PM 3/28/2006, Martin Duerst wrote:
>  
>
>>>Consider how present-day email addresses would pass those tests. Domain
>>>names expressed in ASCII should have no problems at all,
>>>      
>>>
>>Sorry, wrong. 0/O or l/I/1 may pass the telephone test, but they
>>may easily fail the fax test. 
>>    
>>
>
>C and Z are often confused on the telephone when using
>American English (especially with non-native speakers, 
>something my wife can attest to :-).  2 (zwei)
>and 3 (drei) can be confused when speaking German
>(so much so that some German speakers will instead say
>zwo instead of 2 to avoid the zwei/drei confusion).
>
>Kurt 
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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>  
>


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At 03:05 06/03/30, Kurt D. Zeilenga wrote:
 >At 10:28 PM 3/28/2006, Martin Duerst wrote:
 >>>Consider how present-day email addresses would pass those tests. Domain
 >>>names expressed in ASCII should have no problems at all,
 >>
 >>Sorry, wrong. 0/O or l/I/1 may pass the telephone test, but they
 >>may easily fail the fax test.
 >
 >C and Z are often confused on the telephone when using
 >American English (especially with non-native speakers,
 >something my wife can attest to :-).

I have problems with J and G, and sometimes with V and Y.

 >2 (zwei)
 >and 3 (drei) can be confused when speaking German
 >(so much so that some German speakers will instead say
 >zwo instead of 2 to avoid the zwei/drei confusion).

Yes indeed. In Swiss military service, I was in an artillery-
like unit where we had to shout elevation and direction numbers
over distances. We were drilled from day one to always
use 'zwo' rather than 'zwei'.


Regards,    Martin. 


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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>,
	"Kurt D. Zeilenga" <Kurt@OpenLDAP.org>
Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and
 header  label)
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--On Thursday, March 30, 2006 09:32 +0200 Harald Alvestrand 
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> I think the discussion so far has proved just about
> conclusively that the standards cannot possibly require
> recipient systems to have email addresses that pass either the
> telephone number test or the fax test.
>
> It may be a recommendation (good practice for those who pick
> mailbox names), but a sending system cannot assume that
> recipient systems' email addresses are different enough to
> pass those tests.

There is a document that people have talked about writing for 
many years.  It would be called "how to choose email addresses 
for maximum interoperability and minimum confusion" or something 
like that.  There have been versions for other networks, but 
never, as far as I know, for the Internet, although two of the 
rules that would go into it are well known:

	* Don't take advantage of the fact that local-parts are
	case-sensitive; it just causes trouble.
	
	* Don't put anything into an address that requires
	quoting or escaping -- something, somewhere, will trash
	the address beyond recognition.

Perhaps, after this WG completes its work (under some other 
name, I hope) someone can write a fully internationalized 
version of that document.

> So I think that for the purposes of the EAI WG, this is
> irrelevant.

Yep
     john



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Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and header  label)
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On Thu, 30 Mar 2006 08:32:23 +0100, Harald Alvestrand  
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> I think the discussion so far has proved just about conclusively that  
> the standards cannot possibly require recipient systems to have email  
> addresses that pass either the telephone number test or the fax test.

Sure we cannot write rules telling people to say "zwo" rather than "zwei",  
but we can avoid the grosser failures of the telephone and fax tests (and  
especially the ones which will still confuse people even if they take the  
greatest care over their pronunciation and handwriting) by requiring some  
reaonable level of normalization of email addresses (and of the local-part  
in particular). John's "Net-utf-8" document may or may not be sufficient  
for the purpose, so I suggest we wait and see what that covers before  
returning to this subject again.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131 Fax: +44 161 436 6133   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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To: Charles Lindsey <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>, ima@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and
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--On Thursday, March 30, 2006 18:05 +0100 Charles Lindsey 
<chl@clerew.man.ac.uk> wrote:

> On Thu, 30 Mar 2006 08:32:23 +0100, Harald Alvestrand
> <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:
>
>> I think the discussion so far has proved just about
>> conclusively that   the standards cannot possibly require
>> recipient systems to have email   addresses that pass either
>> the telephone number test or the fax test.
>
> Sure we cannot write rules telling people to say "zwo" rather
> than "zwei",  but we can avoid the grosser failures of the
> telephone and fax tests (and  especially the ones which will
> still confuse people even if they take the  greatest care over
> their pronunciation and handwriting) by requiring some
> reaonable level of normalization of email addresses (and of
> the local-part  in particular). John's "Net-utf-8" document
> may or may not be sufficient  for the purpose, so I suggest we
> wait and see what that covers before  returning to this
> subject again.

That document will certainly not be sufficient for what you 
intend, since it will "match" characters only to the extent 
needed to avoid technical problems induced by the nature if 
Unicode (e.g., resolving differences between composed characters 
(ones built up from a base character and one or more combining 
characters) and precomposed characters.

What I think you are asking for gets into the area that the 
Unicode Technical Committee describes as the "identifier" 
problem, i.e., the characters that are appropriate for use in 
identifiers.   They have a somewhat different view of what 
constitutes appropriate criteria for identifiers than you do and 
a debate on those points might be interesting.

But, for email, the principle that we impose as few limits of 
what can be put in a local part should, IMO, still prevail. 
Limiting characters or character sequences that have 
operationally proven to cause problems --such as the 
difficulties  with quoting and control characters-- makes sense. 
Beyond that, as earlier notes have pointed out, it is probably 
better to rely on advice to mail server operators about the 
strings they should permit rather than trying to write rules 
into the protocol.

If one doesn't like the theoretical reason for doing things that 
way, let me suggest a pragmatic one -- making decisions about 
what characters should and should not be permitted is a huge 
rathole.  Worse, the only way to avoid confusion, even within a 
single script, involves banning characters within a script (as 
some examples have pointed out) and we just are not going to get 
away with that.

    john


     john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Fri Mar 31 10:11:19 2006
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Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and header  label)
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	<442B8987.1080707@alvestrand.no>
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On Fri, 31 Mar 2006 04:43:25 +0100, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:

> --On Thursday, March 30, 2006 18:05 +0100 Charles Lindsey  
> <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk> wrote:
>
>> On Thu, 30 Mar 2006 08:32:23 +0100, Harald Alvestrand
>> <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:
>>
>>> I think the discussion so far has proved just about
>>> conclusively that   the standards cannot possibly require
>>> recipient systems to have email   addresses that pass either
>>> the telephone number test or the fax test.
>>
>> Sure we cannot write rules telling people to say "zwo" rather
>> than "zwei",  but we can avoid the grosser failures of the
>> telephone and fax tests (and  especially the ones which will
>> still confuse people even if they take the  greatest care over
>> their pronunciation and handwriting) by requiring some
>> reaonable level of normalization of email addresses (and of
>> the local-part  in particular). John's "Net-utf-8" document
>> may or may not be sufficient  for the purpose, so I suggest we
>> wait and see what that covers before  returning to this
>> subject again.
>
> That document will certainly not be sufficient for what you intend,  
> since it will "match" characters only to the extent needed to avoid  
> technical problems induced by the nature if Unicode (e.g., resolving  
> differences between composed characters (ones built up from a base  
> character and one or more combining characters) and precomposed  
> characters.

That is NFC normalization, and is a good starting point.
>
> What I think you are asking for gets into the area that the Unicode  
> Technical Committee describes as the "identifier" problem, i.e., the  
> characters that are appropriate for use in identifiers.

And that is essentially NFKC normalization which, since it is defined by  
the Unicode people, is easy to incorporate if we so decide. I think  
Nameprep includes at least NFKC for example.

If you want to go beyond that, then you can look at the classifications  
into which Unicode divides things. I would think, at least, that you would  
want to forbid characters that are not visible, and probably also any  
characters that are just new forms of whitespace (because those would all  
fail both the telephone and fax tests). That would probably be far enough.  
I would not want to disallow punctuation or mathematical symbols, not  
upper- or title-case letters (since, with due diligence, thay need not  
fail my two tests).

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131 Fax: +44 161 436 6133   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Charles Lindsey <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>, ima@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Normalizing Unicode (Re: [EAI] silly states and
 header  label)
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--On Friday, March 31, 2006 14:26 +0100 Charles Lindsey 
<chl@clerew.man.ac.uk> wrote:

>...
>> What I think you are asking for gets into the area that the
>> Unicode   Technical Committee describes as the "identifier"
>> problem, i.e., the   characters that are appropriate for use
>> in identifiers.
>
> And that is essentially NFKC normalization which, since it is
> defined by  the Unicode people, is easy to incorporate if we
> so decide. I think  Nameprep includes at least NFKC for
> example.
>
> If you want to go beyond that, then you can look at the
> classifications  into which Unicode divides things. I would
> think, at least, that you would  want to forbid characters
> that are not visible, and probably also any  characters that
> are just new forms of whitespace (because those would all
> fail both the telephone and fax tests). That would probably be
> far enough.  I would not want to disallow punctuation or
> mathematical symbols, not  upper- or title-case letters
> (since, with due diligence, thay need not  fail my two tests).

Charles,

First, nameprep is essentially NFKC with some additional 
restrictions.   The current UTC thinking on identifiers is more 
restrictive, see UTR 31 
(<http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr31/)>) for more information. 
Second, please read the rest of my note, where I explained why 
we probably don't want to go down that path (and Chris Newman's 
note of several days ago that reached essentially the same 
conclusion after reasoning from a different perspective.  If you 
want to argue for a more restrictive character model, please 
respond in terms of my comments, Chris's comments, and the 
explanations of the "no one looks or interprets before the 
delivery MTA in RFCs 1123 and 2821.

      john


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