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From: Linda Dunbar <linda.dunbar@huawei.com>
To: Sheng Jiang <jiangsheng@huawei.com>
Thread-Topic: Comments and suggestiosn to draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
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Subject: [Int-area] Comments and suggestiosn to draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
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From brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com  Sat Apr  6 00:13:37 2013
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Date: Sat, 06 Apr 2013 08:13:47 +0100
From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
Organization: University of Auckland
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To: Linda Dunbar <linda.dunbar@huawei.com>
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Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>, "int-area@ietf.org" <int-area@ietf.org>, Sheng Jiang <jiangsheng@huawei.com>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Comments and suggestiosn to draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
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Linda,

Thanks for the review. Some comments in line.

I have added our co-author in cc because I'm not sure whether
he's on the list.

On 05/04/2013 21:53, Linda Dunbar wrote:
> Sheng, Brian, el at:
> 
> I reviewed draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
> 
> Here are my comments: -------------------------------------
> 
> 
> The draft is to suggest using IPv6 header's flow label field
> to identify different flows from IPv6 hosts. The draft tries
> to emphasize that the flow label can help devices along the
> way between Source & destination to achieve better flow
> separation or finer tuned traffic balancing if there are
> multiple paths.
> 
> However, the Section 3 devotes so much to various LB schemes.
> But many are irrelevant. There are many different types of
> Load Balance, 

True, but as far as I can tell this topic is quite badly known
in the IETF and it's useful to give an overview for people.

> the DNS based load balancing, which is often
> called global LB,  has nothing to do with LB in front of a
> cluster of servers.

It can be used to select members of a single cluster, in fact I
remember that technique being used in the very early days of
cluster computing. I agree that today it's normally used for
wide area LB, so we can clarify that in the text.

> 
> Some description about LB in Section 3 is not quite to the
> point. For example, the second bullet you stated: "Another
> method, for HTTP servers, is to operate a layer 7 reverse
> proxy in front of the server farm." The LB in front of a
> cluster of servers is orthogonal to DNS based global LB.

Yes, maybe the text needs to be broken up into separate paragraphs.


> Your draft didn't even mention "Direct Server Return (DSR)"
> LB scheme which is used heavily in DC to balance load among a
> cluster of servers. In this scheme, all the servers in a
> cluster share a common IP address which is same as the LB, or
> use floating IP address for hosts.

We didn't think this was relevant because it is part of the
magic *behind* the load balancing point (i.e. the flow label
has already been analysed before sending the packet on to the
individual server). We can certainly explain that point.

Similarly we didn't think that the actual LB algorithm
(round robin etc.) was relevant.

> 
> The figure in Page 7 is has some errors too. The DNS based
> Load Balancing is usually in the Access network. 

See above - we are not talking about DNS for wide-area LB, but
for flipping the address within one site.

> (I really
> think this figure is not necessary because it doesn't help
> the draft at all).

See above - we think it helps people who are new to the topic.

> 
> The LB for Server Cluster is more likely located in a Data
> Center.

More likely than what? We don't say anything about where the
server cluster lives.

Regards

    Brian

> 
> Therefore, I suggest that you replace Section 3 with
> following:
> 
> 3. Summary of Load Balancing Techniques:
> 
> There are many different types of Load Balancing in networks.
> There is DNS based global LB, typically placed closer to
> clients, there are also LB for a cluster of servers who share
> same IP address as the LB, there are other LB.
> 
> 
> This draft is to describe how flow label can further optimize
> load balancer in front of a cluster of servers.
> 
> Highlight of Load Balancing Algorithms:
> 
> Typical industry standard load balancing algorithms available
> today include:
> 
> Round Robin Least Connections Fastest Response Time Weighted
> Round Robin Weighted Least Connections Custom values assigned
> to individual servers in a pool based on SNMP or other
> communication mechanism
> 
> 4. An improved Load Balancing Algorithms using Flow Label 
> (you can describe how Flow Label improve the LB algorithms
> currently being deployed").
> 
> Linda
> 
> 
>> -----Original Message----- From: Sheng Jiang Sent: Monday,
>> April 01, 2013 9:04 PM To: Linda Dunbar Subject: RE:
>> Reviewing of flow label balancing
>> 
>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
>> 
>> 
>> Many thank,
>> 
>> Sheng
>> 
>>> -----Original Message----- From: Linda Dunbar Sent:
>>> Monday, April 01, 2013 10:14 PM To: Sheng Jiang Subject:
>>> RE: Reviewing of flow label balancing
>>> 
>>> Sheng,
>>> 
>>> Sorry for slipping through my mind. Can you send me the
>>> link?
>>> 
>>> Linda
>>> 
>>>> -----Original Message----- From: Sheng Jiang Sent:
>>>> Monday, April 01, 2013 2:02 AM To: Linda Dunbar Cc:
>>>> Brian E Carpenter; Suresh Krishnan Subject: Reviewing
>>>> of flow label balancing
>>>> 
>>>> Hi, Linda,
>>>> 
>>>> You volunteered to review our flow label balancing
>>>> document during
>> the
>>>> IntArea meeting in Orlando. Could you please confirm
>>>> when we can get your feedback?
>>>> 
>>>> Many thanks and best regards,
>>>> 
>>>> Sheng

From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Wed Apr 10 01:58:07 2013
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Subject: [Int-area] I-D Action: draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-07.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Internet Area Working Group Working Group=
 of the IETF.

	Title           : Analysis of Solution Candidates to Reveal a Host Identif=
ier (HOST_ID) in Shared Address Deployments
	Author(s)       : Mohamed Boucadair
                          Joe Touch
                          Pierre Levis
                          Reinaldo Penno
	Filename        : draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-07.txt
	Pages           : 22
	Date            : 2013-04-10

Abstract:
   This document is a collection of solutions to reveal a host
   identifier (denoted as HOST_ID) when a Carrier Grade NAT (CGN) or
   application proxies are involved in the path.  This host identifier
   could be used by a remote server to sort out the packets by sending
   host.  The host identifier must be unique to each host under the same
   shared IP address.

   This document analyzes a set of solution candidates to reveal a host
   identifier; no recommendation is sketched in the document.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-07

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-07


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


From mohamed.boucadair@orange.com  Wed Apr 10 04:20:17 2013
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From: <mohamed.boucadair@orange.com>
To: "int-area@ietf.org" <int-area@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 10 Apr 2013 13:20:11 +0200
Thread-Topic: [Int-area] I-D Action: draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-07.txt
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Dear all,

This version integrates the first set of comments received during the IESG =
review. The main changes are:

* Add a sentence to clarify why no recommendation is included
* Add a sentence to clarify a host can be any computer located behind a CPE=
 or directly connected to an address-sharing function
* Remove Section 1.1 and dispatch the bullets in the core text of Section 3
* Add a sentence to the privacy section to say an address-sharing function =
can be configured with different end-users policies
* Clarify what is meant by "encrypted traffic" in Table 1
* Add a sentence to the privacy section to request specification document t=
o check whether location information may/may not be exposed using HOST_ID s=
olutions
* Add a new items for the TCP option to mention it may interfere with the u=
se of Fast Open extension
* Add some pointers to behave documents.
* Other minor edits.

Cheers,
Med

>-----Message d'origine-----
>De=A0: int-area-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:int-area-bounces@ietf.org] De la
>part de internet-drafts@ietf.org
>Envoy=E9=A0: mercredi 10 avril 2013 10:58
>=C0=A0: i-d-announce@ietf.org
>Cc=A0: int-area@ietf.org
>Objet=A0: [Int-area] I-D Action: draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-
>07.txt
>
>
>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
>directories.
> This draft is a work item of the Internet Area Working Group Working Grou=
p
>of the IETF.
>
>	Title           : Analysis of Solution Candidates to Reveal a Host
>Identifier (HOST_ID) in Shared Address Deployments
>	Author(s)       : Mohamed Boucadair
>                          Joe Touch
>                          Pierre Levis
>                          Reinaldo Penno
>	Filename        : draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-07.txt
>	Pages           : 22
>	Date            : 2013-04-10
>
>Abstract:
>   This document is a collection of solutions to reveal a host
>   identifier (denoted as HOST_ID) when a Carrier Grade NAT (CGN) or
>   application proxies are involved in the path.  This host identifier
>   could be used by a remote server to sort out the packets by sending
>   host.  The host identifier must be unique to each host under the same
>   shared IP address.
>
>   This document analyzes a set of solution candidates to reveal a host
>   identifier; no recommendation is sketched in the document.
>
>
>The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
>https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis
>
>There's also a htmlized version available at:
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-07
>
>A diff from the previous version is available at:
>http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-=
07
>
>
>Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
>ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>
>_______________________________________________
>Int-area mailing list
>Int-area@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area

From mohamed.boucadair@orange.com  Thu Apr 11 01:05:59 2013
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From: <mohamed.boucadair@orange.com>
To: Internet Area <int-area@ietf.org>
Date: Thu, 11 Apr 2013 10:05:46 +0200
Thread-Topic: [Int-area] IP Connectivity Provisioning Profile (draft-boucadair-connectivity-provisioning-profile)
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Dear all,

We edited an I-D which proposes a global framework making use of the Connec=
tivity Provisioning Profile. The document is available here:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sin-sdnrg-sdn-approach-02=20

I'm sharing this information as it may be of interest of this working group=
.

Comments are more than welcome on both I-Ds.

Cheers,
Med

>
>On 10/12/2012 05:20 AM, mohamed.boucadair@orange.com wrote:
>> Dear all,
>>=20
>> We submitted this new I-D which may be of interest of this WG.=20
>>=20
>> This is an effort trying to capture and expose the IP=20
>connectivity service provided by the network layer to upper=20
>services, to adjacent networks, offered/delivered to=20
>customers, etc. The document focuses on the definition of the=20
>CPP itself and does not discuss for instance how this is=20
>translated into configuration data/policies to be enforced in=20
>underlying nodes.
>>=20
>> Abstract:
>>    This document describes the Connectivity Provisioning=20
>Profile (CPP)
>>    and proposes a CPP Template to capture IP connectivity=20
>requirements
>>    to be met in the context of delivery of services (e.g. =20
>Voice over IP
>>    or IP TV) which are to be plugged upon an IP/MPLS infrastructure.
>>    The CPP defines the set of IP transfer parameters to be=20
>supported by
>>    the underlying IP/MPLS transport network together with a=20
>reachability
>>    scope and bandwidth/capacity needs.  Appropriate=20
>performance metrics
>>    such as one-way delay, one-way delay variation are used to
>>    characterize an IP transfer service.  Both global and restricted
>>    reachability scopes can be captured in the CPP.
>>=20
>>    Having the generic CPP template allows for (1) automating=20
>the process
>>    of service negotiation and activation, thus accelerating service
>>    provisioning, (2) setting the (traffic) objectives of Traffic
>>    Engineering functions and service management functions and (3)
>>    enriching service and network management systems with 'decision-
>>    making' capabilities based on negotiated/offered CPPs.
>>=20
>>=20
>https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-boucadair-connectivity-p
>rovisioning-profile
>>=20
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-boucadair-connectivity-provisi
>oning-profile-02
>>=20
>>=20
>> Comments are welcome.
>>=20
>> Cheers,
>> Med

From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Thu Apr 11 07:11:04 2013
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Subject: [Int-area] I-D Action: draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-08.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Internet Area Working Group Working Group=
 of the IETF.

	Title           : Analysis of Solution Candidates to Reveal a Host Identif=
ier (HOST_IDENT) in Shared Address Deployments
	Author(s)       : Mohamed Boucadair
                          Joe Touch
                          Pierre Levis
                          Reinaldo Penno
	Filename        : draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-08.txt
	Pages           : 23
	Date            : 2013-04-11

Abstract:
   This document is a collection of solutions to reveal a host
   identifier (denoted as HOST_IDENT) when a Carrier Grade NAT (CGN) or
   application proxies are involved in the path.  This host identifier
   could be used by a remote server to sort out the packets by sending
   host.  The host identifier must be unique to each host under the same
   shared IP address.

   This document analyzes a set of solution candidates to reveal a host
   identifier; no recommendation is sketched in the document.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-08

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-08


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


From mohamed.boucadair@orange.com  Thu Apr 11 07:30:24 2013
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Dear all,

This version integrates a second set of comments received during the IESG r=
eview. The main changes are as follows:

* Clarify the use of HOST_ID common to all interfaces is out of scope
* Provide more explanation for the Proxy case
* Record two additional limitations for the IP Option case
* Add a new bullet to record the encountered issue when the tcp options spa=
ce is exhausted
* Rename HOST_ID to HOST_IDENT as HOST-ID is confusing for OPS (it is used =
to bind a license).

Cheers,
Med

>-----Message d'origine-----
>De=A0: int-area-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:int-area-bounces@ietf.org] De la
>part de internet-drafts@ietf.org
>Envoy=E9=A0: jeudi 11 avril 2013 16:11
>=C0=A0: i-d-announce@ietf.org
>Cc=A0: int-area@ietf.org
>Objet=A0: [Int-area] I-D Action: draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-
>08.txt
>
>
>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
>directories.
> This draft is a work item of the Internet Area Working Group Working Grou=
p
>of the IETF.
>
>	Title           : Analysis of Solution Candidates to Reveal a Host
>Identifier (HOST_IDENT) in Shared Address Deployments
>	Author(s)       : Mohamed Boucadair
>                          Joe Touch
>                          Pierre Levis
>                          Reinaldo Penno
>	Filename        : draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-08.txt
>	Pages           : 23
>	Date            : 2013-04-11
>
>Abstract:
>   This document is a collection of solutions to reveal a host
>   identifier (denoted as HOST_IDENT) when a Carrier Grade NAT (CGN) or
>   application proxies are involved in the path.  This host identifier
>   could be used by a remote server to sort out the packets by sending
>   host.  The host identifier must be unique to each host under the same
>   shared IP address.
>
>   This document analyzes a set of solution candidates to reveal a host
>   identifier; no recommendation is sketched in the document.
>
>
>The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
>https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis
>
>There's also a htmlized version available at:
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-08
>
>A diff from the previous version is available at:
>http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-=
08
>
>
>Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
>ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>
>_______________________________________________
>Int-area mailing list
>Int-area@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area

From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Mon Apr 15 22:43:03 2013
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Subject: [Int-area] I-D Action: draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-09.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Internet Area Working Group Working Group=
 of the IETF.

	Title           : Analysis of Solution Candidates to Reveal a Host Identif=
ier (HOST_ID) in Shared Address Deployments
	Author(s)       : Mohamed Boucadair
                          Joe Touch
                          Pierre Levis
                          Reinaldo Penno
	Filename        : draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-09.txt
	Pages           : 23
	Date            : 2013-04-15

Abstract:
   This document is a collection of solutions to reveal a host
   identifier (denoted as HOST_ID) when a Carrier Grade NAT (CGN) or
   application proxies are involved in the path.  This host identifier
   could be used by a remote server to sort out the packets by sending
   host.  The host identifier must be unique to each host under the same
   shared IP address.

   This document analyzes a set of solution candidates to reveal a host
   identifier; no recommendation is sketched in the document.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-09

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-09


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


From d3e3e3@gmail.com  Tue Apr 16 23:08:55 2013
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From: Donald Eastlake <d3e3e3@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 17 Apr 2013 02:08:34 -0400
Message-ID: <CAF4+nEEQa_AsTpGdKstbXS+JQandBvziHmvkYYEgHTcOOQB7rg@mail.gmail.com>
To: Sheng Jiang <jiangsheng@huawei.com>
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Subject: Re: [Int-area] Reviewing of flow label balancing
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Hi,

I think the draft is a good documentation of the issues and the
benefits of using the IPv6 flow ID with load balancing.

It would be more consistent with the completeness of the rest of the
document to have a more complete list of typical load balancer server
selection algorithms in the last paragraph of Section 5.

There are people who believe that Informational documents can't have
normative references. I am generally inclined that way myself.

Various descriptions in the draft, like "statistically rare" could be
made a bit more quantitative. I'm not saying a detailed numeric
analysis is needed but a rough number based on reasonable simplifying
assumptions might help to make things a little less fuzzy.

Those are all my comments.

Thanks,
Donald
=============================
 Donald E. Eastlake 3rd   +1-508-333-2270 (cell)
 155 Beaver Street, Milford, MA 01757 USA
 d3e3e3@gmail.com


On Tue, Apr 16, 2013 at 2:57 AM, Sheng Jiang <jiangsheng@huawei.com> wrote:
> Hi, dear Donald,
>
> You agreed to review our flow label balancing document during the IntArea meeting in Orlando. The blow is the link for our document. Could you please review it and give your comments?
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
>
> Many thanks and best regards,
>
> Sheng

From brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com  Tue Apr 16 23:37:15 2013
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Cc: Internet Area <int-area@ietf.org>, Sheng Jiang <jiangsheng@huawei.com>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Reviewing of flow label balancing
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Hi Donald,

Thanks for the review. A few comments below...

On 17/04/2013 07:08, Donald Eastlake wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I think the draft is a good documentation of the issues and the
> benefits of using the IPv6 flow ID with load balancing.
> 
> It would be more consistent with the completeness of the rest of the
> document to have a more complete list of typical load balancer server
> selection algorithms in the last paragraph of Section 5.

That is not really "on the wire" stuff though - isn't it sufficient to
indicate that there are multiple methods?

> There are people who believe that Informational documents can't have
> normative references. I am generally inclined that way myself.

There doesn't seem to be a rule about that. Coincidentally, I'm
in the middle of an argument about that over on apps-discuss, where
we've been asked to promote some Informational documents to normative
references in an Informational RFC. I think that's silly. I'd be happy
to drop the distinction here.

> Various descriptions in the draft, like "statistically rare" could be
> made a bit more quantitative. I'm not saying a detailed numeric
> analysis is needed but a rough number based on reasonable simplifying
> assumptions might help to make things a little less fuzzy.

Yes, that is worth some thought. At least for flow label collisions,
it's discussed in the flow label spec (hence our conversation some
time ago about hash algorithms and FNV). We may be able to cover this
by reference.

Regards,

    Brian

> 
> Those are all my comments.
> 
> Thanks,
> Donald
> =============================
>  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd   +1-508-333-2270 (cell)
>  155 Beaver Street, Milford, MA 01757 USA
>  d3e3e3@gmail.com
> 
> 
> On Tue, Apr 16, 2013 at 2:57 AM, Sheng Jiang <jiangsheng@huawei.com> wrote:
>> Hi, dear Donald,
>>
>> You agreed to review our flow label balancing document during the IntArea meeting in Orlando. The blow is the link for our document. Could you please review it and give your comments?
>>
>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
>>
>> Many thanks and best regards,
>>
>> Sheng
> 

From olivier.bonaventure@uclouvain.be  Wed Apr 17 04:27:53 2013
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Subject: Re: [Int-area] Comments and suggestiosn to draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
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Hello,

Here are some additional comments on the above draft. Section 4 suggests 
the utilisation of a hash to perform the load balancing based on the 
source-address/flow label pair. Hash functions are often used in load 
balancing applications. I think that it could be useful to point the 
advantages and the drawbacks of using hash functions for load balancing 
purposes.

The main advantage of hash functions is that they usually exhibit the 
avalanche effect, i.e. a small change in the input causes a large change 
in the output of the function. Simulations show that this effect is 
important to correctly balance real traffic.

However, with hash functions, this advantage comes with a drawback. It 
is difficult to predict the set of inputs that would provide a specific 
output. Being able to predict which decision will be taken by a load 
balancer is important for monitoring applications for example. If a 
network operator wants to verify the round-trip-time between two hosts 
when there is a load balancer in between, he/she should take into 
account this load balancing when defining his/her probes. A similar 
situation happens when a network operator wants to use traceroute to 
detect block holes on a load-balanced path.

It should be noted that there exist functions that exhibit the avalanche 
effect without being one-way functions like the classical hash 
functions. If used in load-balancers, these functions would provide both 
  good load balancing and predictibility which is desired for many 
monitoring applications. A recent paper shows how such load-balancing 
can be performed efficiently by using block ciphers instead of hash 
functions. The solution proposed in this paper could be adapted to 
utilise the IPv6 flow label :

http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/publications/revisiting-flow-based-load-balancing-stateless-path-selection-data-center-networks


Best regards,


Olivier Bonaventure

-- 
INL, ICTEAM, UCLouvain, Belgium, http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be

From brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com  Wed Apr 17 06:43:55 2013
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Message-ID: <516EA71A.8060301@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 17 Apr 2013 14:43:54 +0100
From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
Organization: University of Auckland
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Subject: Re: [Int-area] Comments and suggestiosn to draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
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Hello Olivier,

On 17/04/2013 12:28, Olivier Bonaventure wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> Here are some additional comments on the above draft. Section 4 suggests
> the utilisation of a hash to perform the load balancing based on the
> source-address/flow label pair. Hash functions are often used in load
> balancing applications. I think that it could be useful to point the
> advantages and the drawbacks of using hash functions for load balancing
> purposes.
> 
> The main advantage of hash functions is that they usually exhibit the
> avalanche effect, i.e. a small change in the input causes a large change
> in the output of the function. Simulations show that this effect is
> important to correctly balance real traffic.
> 
> However, with hash functions, this advantage comes with a drawback. It
> is difficult to predict the set of inputs that would provide a specific
> output. 

That is an advantage from the security point of view, since it
prevents an attacker from biasing the load balancing in order to
focus a DOS attack on a single server. I believe that's discussed
in the flow label spec.

> Being able to predict which decision will be taken by a load
> balancer is important for monitoring applications for example. If a
> network operator wants to verify the round-trip-time between two hosts
> when there is a load balancer in between, he/she should take into
> account this load balancing when defining his/her probes. A similar
> situation happens when a network operator wants to use traceroute to
> detect block holes on a load-balanced path.

True, but there's likely to be little sympathy from the load balancer's
operator, for the reason just given.

> It should be noted that there exist functions that exhibit the avalanche
> effect without being one-way functions like the classical hash
> functions. If used in load-balancers, these functions would provide both
>  good load balancing and predictibility which is desired for many
> monitoring applications. A recent paper shows how such load-balancing
> can be performed efficiently by using block ciphers instead of hash
> functions. The solution proposed in this paper could be adapted to
> utilise the IPv6 flow label :
> 
> http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/publications/revisiting-flow-based-load-balancing-stateless-path-selection-data-center-networks

We'll have a look, thanks for the reference.

I believe, from the research I had to do personally when working on
this draft, that there is scope for an RFC giving a general overview
of load balancing. That would certainly have been a precious reference
for the current draft.

Regards
   Brian

> 
> Best regards,
> 
> 
> Olivier Bonaventure
> 

From olivier.bonaventure@uclouvain.be  Wed Apr 17 10:44:52 2013
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Cc: Internet Area <int-area@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Int-area] Comments and suggestiosn to draft-ietf-intarea-flow-label-balancing-00
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Brian,
>>
>> Here are some additional comments on the above draft. Section 4 suggests
>> the utilisation of a hash to perform the load balancing based on the
>> source-address/flow label pair. Hash functions are often used in load
>> balancing applications. I think that it could be useful to point the
>> advantages and the drawbacks of using hash functions for load balancing
>> purposes.
>>
>> The main advantage of hash functions is that they usually exhibit the
>> avalanche effect, i.e. a small change in the input causes a large change
>> in the output of the function. Simulations show that this effect is
>> important to correctly balance real traffic.
>>
>> However, with hash functions, this advantage comes with a drawback. It
>> is difficult to predict the set of inputs that would provide a specific
>> output.
>
> That is an advantage from the security point of view, since it
> prevents an attacker from biasing the load balancing in order to
> focus a DOS attack on a single server. I believe that's discussed
> in the flow label spec.


Well, partially. Since by design all packets with the same pair will 
always reach the same server, once you have found a victim server, you 
can send lots of packets to it. I agree that a DDoS from multiple 
sources could be a bit more difficult since the attacker would need to 
find the flow label for each source address to reach a given server.

>> Being able to predict which decision will be taken by a load
>> balancer is important for monitoring applications for example. If a
>> network operator wants to verify the round-trip-time between two hosts
>> when there is a load balancer in between, he/she should take into
>> account this load balancing when defining his/her probes. A similar
>> situation happens when a network operator wants to use traceroute to
>> detect block holes on a load-balanced path.
>
> True, but there's likely to be little sympathy from the load balancer's
> operator, for the reason just given.

The block cipher algorithm that is described below uses a key. This key 
can be fixed by the operator. If the key is secret, then only the 
operator can send packets over specific parts. For attackers, the 
load-balancing function is similar to a non-invertible hash. This should 
answer some of your security concerns (at least it's not worst than 
hash-based
load balancing)

>>
>> http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/publications/revisiting-flow-based-load-balancing-stateless-path-selection-data-center-networks
>
> We'll have a look, thanks for the reference.
>
> I believe, from the research I had to do personally when working on
> this draft, that there is scope for an RFC giving a general overview
> of load balancing. That would certainly have been a precious reference
> for the current draft.

Yes and the interactions between load balancing and networking protocols 
is worth being discussed as well.


Olivier


-- 
INL, ICTEAM, UCLouvain, Belgium, http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be

From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Wed Apr 24 08:36:22 2013
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Subject: [Int-area] I-D Action: draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-10.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Internet Area Working Group Working Group=
 of the IETF.

	Title           : Analysis of Solution Candidates to Reveal a Host Identif=
ier (HOST_ID) in Shared Address Deployments
	Author(s)       : Mohamed Boucadair
                          Joe Touch
                          Pierre Levis
                          Reinaldo Penno
	Filename        : draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-10.txt
	Pages           : 23
	Date            : 2013-04-24

Abstract:
   This document is a collection of solutions to reveal a host
   identifier (denoted as HOST_ID) when a Carrier Grade NAT (CGN) or
   application proxies are involved in the path.  This host identifier
   could be used by a remote server to sort out the packets by sending
   host.  The host identifier must be unique to each host under the same
   shared IP address.

   This document analyzes a set of solution candidates to reveal a host
   identifier; no recommendation is sketched in the document.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-10

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-intarea-nat-reveal-analysis-10


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


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Subject: [Int-area] Biggest Fake Conference in Computer Science
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Biggest Fake Conference in Computer Science


We are researchers from different parts of the world and conducted a study on  
the world’s biggest bogus computer science conference WORLDCOMP 
( http://sites.google.com/site/worlddump1 ) organized by Prof. Hamid Arabnia 
from University of Georgia, USA.


We submitted a fake paper to WORLDCOMP 2011 and again (the same paper 
with a modified title) to WORLDCOMP 2012. This paper had numerous 
fundamental mistakes. Sample statements from that paper include: 

(1). Binary logic is fuzzy logic and vice versa
(2). Pascal developed fuzzy logic
(3). Object oriented languages do not exhibit any polymorphism or inheritance
(4). TCP and IP are synonyms and are part of OSI model 
(5). Distributed systems deal with only one computer
(6). Laptop is an example for a super computer
(7). Operating system is an example for computer hardware


Also, our paper did not express any conceptual meaning.  However, it 
was accepted both the times without any modifications (and without 
any reviews) and we were invited to submit the final paper and a 
payment of $500+ fee to present the paper. We decided to use the 
fee for better purposes than making Prof. Hamid Arabnia (Chairman 
of WORLDCOMP) rich. After that, we received few reminders from 
WORLDCOMP to pay the fee but we never responded. 


We MUST say that you should look at the above website if you have any thoughts 
to submit a paper to WORLDCOMP.  DBLP and other indexing agencies have stopped 
indexing WORLDCOMP’s proceedings since 2011 due to its fakeness. See 
http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/icai/index.html for of one of the 
conferences of WORLDCOMP and notice that there is no listing after 2010. See Section 2 of
http://sites.google.com/site/dumpconf for comments from well-known researchers 
about WORLDCOMP. 


The status of your WORLDCOMP papers can be changed from scientific
to other (i.e., junk or non-technical) at any time. Better not to have a paper than 
having it in WORLDCOMP and spoil the resume and peace of mind forever!


Our study revealed that WORLDCOMP is a money making business, 
using University of Georgia mask, for Prof. Hamid Arabnia. He is throwing 
out a small chunk of that money (around 20 dollars per paper published 
in WORLDCOMP’s proceedings) to his puppet (Mr. Ashu Solo or A.M.G. Solo) 
who publicizes WORLDCOMP and also defends it at various forums, using 
fake/anonymous names. The puppet uses fake names and defames other conferences
to divert traffic to WORLDCOMP. He also makes anonymous phone calls and tries to 
threaten the critiques of WORLDCOMP (See Item 7 of Section 5 of above website). 
That is, the puppet does all his best to get a maximum number of papers published 
at WORLDCOMP to get more money into his (and Prof. Hamid Arabnia’s) pockets. 


Monte Carlo Resort (the venue of WORLDCOMP for more than 10 years, until 2012) has 
refused to provide the venue for WORLDCOMP’13 because of the fears of their image 
being tarnished due to WORLDCOMP’s fraudulent activities. That is why WORLDCOMP’13 
is taking place at a different resort. WORLDCOMP will not be held after 2013. 


The draft paper submission deadline is over but still there are no committee 
members, no reviewers, and there is no conference Chairman. The only contact 
details available on WORLDCOMP’s website is just an email address! 

Let us make a direct request to Prof. Hamid arabnia: publish all reviews for 
all the papers (after blocking identifiable details) since 2000 conference. Reveal 
the names and affiliations of all the reviewers (for each year) and how many 
papers each reviewer had reviewed on average. We also request him to look at 
the Open Challenge (Section 6) at https://sites.google.com/site/moneycomp1 


Sorry for posting to multiple lists. Spreading the word is the only way to stop 
this bogus conference. Please forward this message to other mailing lists and people. 


We are shocked with Prof. Hamid Arabnia and his puppet’s activities 
http://worldcomp-fake-bogus.blogspot.com   Search Google using the 
keyword worldcomp fake for additional links.

