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From: The IESG <iesg-secretary@ietf.org>
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Cc: kitten mailing list <kitten@ietf.org>,
        Internet Architecture Board <iab@iab.org>,
        RFC Editor <rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org>
Subject: Protocol Action: 'The Simple and Protected GSS-API 
 Negotiation Mechanism' to Proposed Standard 
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The IESG has approved the following document:

- 'The Simple and Protected GSS-API Negotiation Mechanism '
   <draft-ietf-kitten-2478bis-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard

This document is the product of the Kitten (GSS-API Next Generation) Working 
Group. 

The IESG contact persons are Sam Hartman and Russ Housley.

Technical Summary
This document specifies a negotiation mechanism for the Generic
Security Service Application Program Interface (GSS-API) which is
described in RFC 2743.

GSS-API peers can use this negotiation mechanism to choose from a
common set of security mechanisms.

If per-message integrity services are available on the established
mechanism context, then the negotiation is protected against an
attacker forcing the selection of a mechanism not desired by the
peers.
 
Working Group Summary
 
At IETF 61, a team of implementors, the WG Chair, and the AD met
to validate the approach to providing security and backward
compatibility.  WGLC in December produced several issues which were
subsequently addressed on the mailing list with clear consensus.
It is the opinion of the chair that a second WGLC was not required.
Consensus was declared on the document on 4 March 2005.
 
Protocol Quality
 
There are three existing implementations of the specified protocol
produced by Microsoft, Sun Microsystems and Heimdal although they
are not currently available to the public.    Interoperability testing
has not been reported between implementations of the new specification
although participants  report that  new implementations have been
tested against existing SPNEGO implementations.


This mechanism replaces RFC 2478 in order to fix defects in that
specification and to describe how to inter-operate with
implementations of that specification commonly deployed on the
Internet.    The working group was unable to maintain compatibility
with correct implementations of RFC 2478, maintain interoperability
with deployed implementations and make reasonable security
guarantees.  The working group chose to sacrifice interoperability
with correct implementations of RFC 2478.

This specification was reviewed by Sam Hartman for the IESG.

RFC Editor Note

 Add a reference to RFC 2743 in paragraph 5 of section 1 after the
 firstmention of per-message integrity services.

 At the bottom of page 11  insert a warning about ASN.1 encoders.
 old:
         This field, if present, contains the service options that are
         requested to establish the context (the req_flags parameter of
         GSS_Init_sec_context()).  This field is inherited from RFC 2478
         and it is not integrity protected.  For implementations of this
         specification the initiator SHOULD omit this reqFlags field,
         and the acceptor MUST ignore this reqFlags field.

 new:
         This field, if present, contains the service options that are
         requested to establish the context (the req_flags parameter of
         GSS_Init_sec_context()).  This field is inherited from RFC 2478
         and it is not integrity protected.  For implementations of this
         specification the initiator SHOULD omit this reqFlags field,
         and the acceptor MUST ignore this reqFlags field.
         The size constraint on the ContextFlags ASN.1 type only applies to
         the abstract type.  The ASN.1 DER require that all trailing zero bits
         be truncated from the encoding of a bit string type whose abstract
         definition includes named bits.  Implementations should not expect to
         receive exactly 32 bits in an encoding of ContextFlags.


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In-Reply-To: <20050331180553.GQ16131@binky.Central.Sun.COM> (Nicolas
	Williams's message of "Thu, 31 Mar 2005 12:05:54 -0600")
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>>>>> "Nicolas" == Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> writes:

    Nicolas> At MN I said I did not oppose Larry's Kerberos enctype
    Nicolas> negotiation proposal.

    Nicolas> I'm less sure now.

    Nicolas> You may recall that at the interim meeting at Boulder we
    Nicolas> decided that extensions would add a typed hole, distinct
    Nicolas> from authorization-data, to the authenticator and AP-REP.
    Nicolas> We'd argued over whether it was proper to overload
    Nicolas> authorization-data and decided that it was not.

    Nicolas> Larry's proposal overloads authorization-data by using it
    Nicolas> to transport a client's enctype proposal to the server.

    Nicolas> I am still inclined to agree that enctype negotiation is
    Nicolas> an allowable overloading of authorization-data, but the
    Nicolas> GSS-API naming extensions we're discussing at the KITTEN
    Nicolas> WG give me pause.

I've thought about this for a while and I also think it is reasonable
overloading if only because we don't want to tell Larry to wait for
extensions.

--Sam

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On Tue, Apr 05, 2005 at 09:13:33AM -0400, Sam Hartman wrote:
>     Nicolas> I am still inclined to agree that enctype negotiation is
>     Nicolas> an allowable overloading of authorization-data, but the
>     Nicolas> GSS-API naming extensions we're discussing at the KITTEN
>     Nicolas> WG give me pause.
> 
> I've thought about this for a while and I also think it is reasonable
> overloading if only because we don't want to tell Larry to wait for
> extensions.

Ok, and as a one-time thing a mechanism implementation could filter
enctype negotiation AD out in the GSS naming interfaces.

I have no remaining objections to Larry's proposal.

Nico
-- 

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	Williams's message of "Tue, 5 Apr 2005 11:44:08 -0500")
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>>>>> "Nicolas" == Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> writes:

    Nicolas> On Tue, Apr 05, 2005 at 09:13:33AM -0400, Sam Hartman
    Nicolas> wrote: I am still inclined to agree that enctype
    Nicolas> negotiation is an allowable overloading of
    Nicolas> authorization-data, but the GSS-API naming extensions
    Nicolas> we're discussing at the KITTEN WG give me pause.
    >>  I've thought about this for a while and I also think it is
    >> reasonable overloading if only because we don't want to tell
    >> Larry to wait for extensions.

    Nicolas> Ok, and as a one-time thing a mechanism implementation
    Nicolas> could filter enctype negotiation AD out in the GSS naming
    Nicolas> interfaces.

Could but should not.

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From: Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
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Subject: Proposed Minutes of IETF62 - Please review
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This is a cryptographically signed message in MIME format.

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Thanks to Jeff, Nico, and Love for taking notes and scribing.
These minutes are really rough but then again the open discussion
went so fast that with recordings it was impossible to keep up.

Jeffrey Altman


--------------010105070106060302000202
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IETF62 Minutes for Kitten Working Group
=======================================
Wednesday, March 9 2005 1:00-3:00 Central Standard Time.
Chairperson:  Jeffrey Altman

Thanks to Jeffrey Hutzelman and Nico Williams for Jabber Scribing
Thanks to Love Hörnquist Åstrand for taking notes.

agenda bashing:
        no comments

Larry Zhu updates on SPNEGO:
 - sent to IESG, Last Call ends March 22.
  
 - implementations include Longhorn beta 1, Heimdal, and a 
   future update to solaris 10

 - there is no open issues; please read draft

 - no questions

 - first document from kitten, beats the milestone.
 
 - a big thanks to Larry

Nico Williams update on several documents:

 - PRF extentions 
   * edits from last meeting folded into -01
   * PRF_READY added in -02
   * ready for last call (draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt)

 - Kerberos side of PRF, same comments
   * edits from last meeting folded into -01
   * No PRF_READY
   * don't use PROT_READY
   * can call PRF as soon as you want. if the PRF isn't ready,
     the function will return gss_not_avaible.
   * ready for last call (draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt)
	
 - GSS Domain based names
   * folded in edits from last meeting
   * Seems to be ready for last call, less review then the PRF
     documents. should wait if there are some comments.

 - Kerberos domain names
   * folded in edits from last meeting
   * realm derivation changed - realm is derived from the domain
     part of the domain-based name, not the host part
   * Seems to be ready for last call, less review then the PRF
     documents. should wait if there are some comments.

 - Stackable pseudeo mech and extended mech inquiry APIs
   * originally a single documetn individual submission
       draft-williams-gssapi-stackable-pseudo-mechs-00.txt
     now split into to two:
       draft-ietf-kitten-extended-mech-inquiry-00.txt
       draft-ietf-kitten-stackable-pseudo-mechs-00.txt
   * Both drafts needs review. Esp with the some issues from the
     document split.
   * Stackable mechs very simple concept.	

 - Guide to the GSS-APIv3
   * Not many changes; just naming draft.

 - IANA registry draft
   * currently only has text about what submissions look like. 
     no rules, no initial content.
   * talked to IANA - they would like to see a section with allocation rules,
     and an appendix with initial content.
   * overloading all the information into a single registry may or may not 
     be the right way to do it; I don't know.
   * like to get some feedback on document
   * Nico will work with the chair to work out IANA details

 - Channel bindings draft from NFSv4 WG
   * for ipsec, we still need to decide what channel bindings are going to be.
     draft in kitten tells you.  this needs some review.
   * draft not ready for last call
   * lots of discussion about where the definition of protocol specific 
     bindings belong
     + hartmans: defining protocol specific channel bindings not in the 
                 charter for Kitten or BTNS; and Russ has objected.
                 IPSec is not accepting new work.
                 I think it should be done as ain individual submission.
       nico: OK, but not what we discussed before.

 - Comments for Nico:
   * channel bindings
     + Love: how can a protocol running on top of gss do channel
	     bindings to gss?
     + Nico reply: its there in the NFSv4 draft, but could be done better.
   * IANA
     + hartmans: uneasy about having to register every gss_ symbol with iana
     + Chair: this topic needs to go to list, not enough people have read 
              the draft
     + Matt Peterson: what was IANA's response to being asked to do
                      api registry
     + Nico: IANA doesn't care about what being registered, then just want
             to be told how to do it.
     + Chair: The question is "what do we want to have done by standards 
              actions?"
              One benefit of registries is having a place people can look
     + Nico: part of this discussion is to allow for vendor-specific extensions

Sam Hartman updates GSS Naming:
 - draft-ietf-kitten-gss-naming-01.txt
 - the goal is to be a direction statement to describe the problems we're trying
   to solve, and approaches we're considering
 - received a lot of comments from nico
 - hoping to get comments from Martin Rex, but so far he has never actually
   responded directly to this draft
 - I think -02 will be ready for last call.  There is one issue I'd like to get some
   discussion on today.
   * currrently today, names are atoms - indivisible strings with no structure
   * one proposal is to turn them into sets and/or sequences
     + <missed discussion>
     + nico & I think we'll probably need to do that anyway
   * another proposal... allow us to choose the initiator name based on
     what target we're talking to.  can't currently do that.  there is some desire
     in kerberos to be able to do that
   * another issue that came up, which we have no closure on yet...
     + mechanisms that can assert multiple identities
     + example - X.509 mech, you may have multiple subjectAltName
       you may want to say which of these names you want to claim for a given 
       context for pure (GSSAPI) v3 mechanisms being used by V3 apps (understand
       composite names), you probably don't need it do we want something like this 
       for v2 applications
     + I believe if we can solve that issue, we can last call -02
     + nico: how to do that is easy. whether we want to do that is another story
             I believe spkm had a thing where you could assert a Name in its tokens
             from a v3 POV, that's irrelevant
     + unless someone comes forward and says they want to do that,
       we're not going to.  If you care, you need to speak up by end of WGLC.
     + nico: your draft is informational...
     + at this time, it doesn't make sense for me to be editor of a document...
       maybe if my day job had less management work...
       do we want to poll the room, see people interested in being doc editors?
       Nico would do a good job, but have lots of docs on your plate
     + jaltman: I as chair would be more comfortable with load spread out.
     + matt peterson volunteering someone from his organization
     + jaltman: no other volunteers

Update java and C# bindings
 - neither of the authors were able to come to this ietf
 - two new documents:
   * draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-rfc2853-update-for-csharp-00.txt
   * draft-ietf-kitten-rfc2853bis-00.txt
 - c# - submitted from novell, new editor
   * describes how to morph 2853 java bindings for c#
   * very little discussion of this doc.  novell is in the process of implementing;
     if others are interested, we'd love to hear your opinions
 - second doc (RFC2853bis) describes what things in RFC2853 were
   implemented differently in the Java Class Libraries from what's in the spec.
 - the document is in good shape.
 - next step is to merge the two drafts.
 - nico: do you have an editor for that?
 - yes; one from Sun (Seema Malkani), one from Novell (Juan Carlos Luciani)
 - hartmans: a little concerned about style/format of these docs
             I don't think IETF spec by diff works
 - the next step is to merge these and rfc2853 into a new doc that would obsolete 
   the old one

Open mike: 
[Editor's note - This discussion did not belong in Kitten]
[The contents of this section are stolen from the Jabber logs]

joe salowey: 

the topics that have been coming up lately.
ISM WG, enhancements to EAP, EAP has been held to be not applicable
we're looking to see if the GSS-API is applicable
this is a heads up about interest in this
also I'm looking at a number of IETF auth frameworks (SASL, GSS, EAP...), 
at some point we should look at merging these things
some of the GSS v3 enhancements could help (PRF, Naming, ...)

sam hartman:
so we seem to have some time left
joe brought up some interesting points
this is very much half-baked, joe's the primary instigator
we have a miserable situation in the IETF w/ sec mechs
(long list of technologies)
and one-off mechs too
you know, hash stuff
and SSH!
and so there's a kind of matrix: if I pick this protocol, what auth techs can 
I use some are very limited (HTTP has ...) blah, blah
and really, the way I want the matrix to look is: regardless of what protocol 
I pick I can use any mech I want
because if I do that I only have to get security right once
in my organization
so, to get folks thinking about this
all these mechs do roughly the same thing
you're stopped by small problems of standardization and programming
we can do the standardization here
so I'm going to compare everything to GSS cause we're here now
EAP is like GSS but the server send first token
no wrap/unwrap
the mechs folks use today have a "key fallout"
two keys, actually
EAP has a better developed sense of ....
naming/channel binding
their concept of channel binding may map onto our concept of naming
their client ID is weaker than our names but more useful
there are stackable pseudo-mechs for EAP
and when you do that you need channel bindings between layers
they call that cryptographic binding
they have a description language for the sec properties of their mechs
SASL is like GSS but lacks the PRF, its concept of naming is not as well 
developed, except when doing GSS
it has this funky thing called an authorization ID
SASL supports either the client or server as initiators of the exchange
this depends on the protocol and the mechanism
I think this is even as bad as implementation dependent
GSS is a lot like GSS
(laughter)
For EAP the negotiation model is that the server decides what mech to use
for SASL the client generally picks from a list offered by the server w/o 
downgrade attack ("bidding down")
you can abort in the middle of auth
for GSS we have SPENGO
SPNEGO if you don't know how it works, now's the time to find out!
SSH I like
the client and server shout at each other offers
the client picks one and the server rejects or the key exchange fails the 
client loses
the key exchange ends in two things: a key and an exchange hash
and ssh authenticates the server to the client
this protocol doesn't have a good concept of naming
pubkeys are not named
then there's the ssh user authentication protocol
this has something like the SASL authz IDthe client tries one mech
then the server tells whether we can do this or are done or how to continue
the client needs to know what it's tried so it doesn't try again

Jeffrey Hutzelman:
this is all implementation dependent
the client has to keep trying until it can't go on or succeeds

Sam:
TLS supports pubkey certs, PSK
and it supports Kerberos, sortof (details)
are there any other actual authentication frameworks in IETF...?
MIKEY has some authentication goop

Uri Blumenthal:
MIKEY is good, but it's multicast specific
it's auth deals in multicast key distribution -- Kerberos, EAP, etc... 
wouldn't be aplicable

[details lost]

Sam: 
consider using certs to get access to the multicast stream
and consider that MMUSIC uses MIKEY to configure unicast streams
if I was an admin I'd be annoyed if MIKEY didn't support the mechanism I wanted

[details lost]

Sam: 
I want to be able to use any mechanism in any app

Jeffrey Hutzelman: 
so you want developers to be able to pick the most applicable framework for 
their protocol, but be able to use any mech

Sam: 
exactly

jhutz: 
so mech gateways

Sam: 
that's one way
I want a solution, but I'm not particularly interested in any one of them

Joe: 
I'd rather see these mechs (new mechs) developed together for all frameworks 
rather than rely on 'gateways'
...

Sam: 
long term I'd like to live in a world where ppl know about gateways and new 
mechs will work through them all
but basically I agree with you that if the gateways are not easily workable, 
then it might not fly
so my assumption is that we can get the gateways to get to the point where 
they'll meet most folks' needs
and then look at mechs-all-at-once

Joe: 
it would be more efficient to design the mechs with these different frameworks 
in mind

Mark: 
I don't necessarily want to know what mechs I'll be using, I need to know what 
capabilities I need and what caps each mech offers
nico's draft may be a start point
it goes a bit deeper than that
we need to be able to plug-in mechs
the framework implementations have to be pluggable
I'm wondering if the WG can do anything about this
and refining the semantics of the default mech (GSS_C_NULL_OID)

Sam and Mark argue about sysadmin vs. app policy

Sam:
I think this is moving into a different topic
I'm happy to do that, but...

Chair: 
Joe, any more questions?

Joe: 
I'd like to explore the idea of developing mechs in parallel.

Sam:
want to be able to reuse as much of the mech spec and implementation as possible
don't want to have case statements in spec

Uri:
it would be good if mechs would just perform a few extra tasks
export identities, exact crypto protections it uses, key material
this is why people are looking at eap

Sam:
we think we have the generic keying material in the GSS PRF
we'd like your review

Uri: 
already sent some comments

Nico:
quick response to uri
for some mechs, we won't know in advance what it uses.
e.g. kerberos
for others, we know up front what it will use
current gssapi qop concept is badly broken

Uri: 
in some protocols, access control is based on identity, accessed object,
and under what sort of protection

Nico: 
wow, this is an interesting meeting!

Chair:
what I was hearing is there's a desire to define a base set of
operations on which things can be built
is that right? if so, where?  not in kitten's charter

Bob Morgan: 
another distinguishing factor is integration model
one of sasl's successes is it makes it clear how to integrate into app proto
gssapi - not sure what integration model is

Sam:
gss is clearly a lot of rope
all of these frameworks meet different app domains
it's interesting that the mechs are very similar, even though the frameworks
are very different

Bob Morgan: 
maybe different frameworks come from different needed integration models

Sam:
if you want an easy integration model, use sasl
if you understand your needs really well and have complex requirements, use gss

Nico: 
matt, the default mech/mech set don't have to be global config file as in Solaris
the right default is "whatever mechs you have credentials for"
the right default mech is "the first one for which you have credentials"

Matt Peterson: 
what if you have creds for more than one mech

Nico: 
either it's nondeterministic or its the first one
I know you want this to be app-specific config, but I don't feel
not sympathetic - you can make app provide the right oid

Matt: ...

Nico: 
what I hear you saying is you want pluggable mechanisms
we can't tell people to do that.  there are monolithic and pluggable multi-mech implementations, and ther eare single-mech implementations

Chair:
do you have specific platforms in mind?

Matt: 
for example, aix or some mobile thing, where I want to port my app

Chair: 
you're always going to have something older that doesn't have the functionality


Milestones (Chair):
 - we're not making the milestone on GSS-API _v2_ clarifications
   * hartmans: as an individual, it's not clear we want to do v2 clarifications
   * is it worth reviewing and clarifying GSS-APIv2 update 1
   * wyllys: It  seems like an extra step and maybe not necessary.
   * jhutz: are you asking if GSS-APIv2 update 2 is worth doing?
   * no, the clarifications would be for inclusion into the v3 document
   * wyllys: oh, thats a little different.
   * all the various little issues that we talked about on the list
   * we need someone to volunteer to go through the CAT and KRB mailing 
     lists and collect all of the details from the discussions which lead
     to the formation of this working group
   * Matt Peterson will assign one of Vintela's people to go over the 
     archive and compile the complaints.
   * Update this milestone to May 2005.
 - No need to revise the other milestones since we are making
   good progress.

Done.



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Subject: Please consider forward motion on PRF and mechanism attributes
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Hi.  I'd like to ask the working group to consider trying to move
forward the PRF drafts rapidly.  In addition, while I don't think we
are close to being in a position to know what mechanism attributes we
want, I'd love to have consensus on the APIs for accessing mechanism
attributes.

Having forward progress on these items may end up helping a proposal
Joe Salowey is working on.

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Subject: Bill told us so: stackable mechs, SPNEGO and substitutions
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During the security review of SPNEGO, Bill brought up a concern.  The
windows compatibility is only secure if you cannot mechanically
transform the mechanism token of one mechanism into the token of
another mechanism.


I'm concerned that for many stackable mechanisms it would be
relatively easy to push or pop something onto the stack and manipulate
the tokens without cryptographic knowledge.


Also, at least some of the mechanisms we have been discussing in the
EAP context would be mechanisms that do not provide integrity unless
properly stacked with a mechanism that spins integrity out of raw PRF.

In short, there are a lot of security concerns surrounding stacking
and negotiation.


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On Mon, Apr 11, 2005 at 06:16:58PM -0400, Sam Hartman wrote:
> During the security review of SPNEGO, Bill brought up a concern.  The
> windows compatibility is only secure if you cannot mechanically
> transform the mechanism token of one mechanism into the token of
> another mechanism.

Right.  IIRC Bill said this during lunch on Wednesday or Thursday.

Bill is correct.

As an aside, we first noted such a problem when designing the new
Kerberos V GSS mechanism (CFX).  We had to figure out how to deal with
extensibility.  In the end we punted on extensibility but provided the
mechanism by which it could be added: we defined a slot where extensions
could be requested by the initiator and declared that any such
extensions will have to have the acceptor produce a context token that
cannot be mechanically transformed into a non-extended context reply
token.

The issue there, and here, is quite similar: it's about protecting
negotiation of security parameters.

> I'm concerned that for many stackable mechanisms it would be
> relatively easy to push or pop something onto the stack and manipulate
> the tokens without cryptographic knowledge.

Note that this issue arises, so far, only from negotiation above the
GSS-API.  SPNEGO, in particular, because of its historic brokenness, is
what forces us to consider this.

Now.  We have two choices: design stackable mechanisms so that the
context tokens of composite mechanisms cannot be easily manipulated into
context tokens of different mechanisms (e.g., the underlying concrete
mechanism's), OR, indicate that a given stackable mechanism doesn't have
that property and so SPNEGO should insist on a mechListMIC exchange.

> Also, at least some of the mechanisms we have been discussing in the
> EAP context would be mechanisms that do not provide integrity unless
> properly stacked with a mechanism that spins integrity out of raw PRF.
> 
> In short, there are a lot of security concerns surrounding stacking
> and negotiation.

Well, you've identified *one* such concern here -- Bill's.  We need to
think about others though :)

Nico
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On Mon, Apr 11, 2005 at 06:21:24PM -0400, Sam Hartman wrote:
> 
> 
> Hi.  I'd like to ask the working group to consider trying to move
> forward the PRF drafts rapidly.  In addition, while I don't think we
> are close to being in a position to know what mechanism attributes we
> want, I'd love to have consensus on the APIs for accessing mechanism
> attributes.
> 
> Having forward progress on these items may end up helping a proposal
> Joe Salowey is working on.

As far as I'm concerned the I-Ds are ready for WG LC.

That said, we may want to remove the restriction that the krb5 GSS_Prf()
cannot be ready prior to full context establishment.  Applications that
use GSS_Prf() can certainly ensure that they call it in synchronized
fashion before OR after full context establishment.  I mention this ONLY
as a result of your other post today about negotiation and composite
mechanisms -- having GSS_Prf() prior to full context establishment could
help construct stackable pseudo-mechanisms that protect against
manipulation of its context tokens into those of underlying mechanisms'.

Nico
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On Mon, Apr 11, 2005 at 05:51:14PM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Mon, Apr 11, 2005 at 06:21:24PM -0400, Sam Hartman wrote:
> > 
> > 
> > Hi.  I'd like to ask the working group to consider trying to move
> > forward the PRF drafts rapidly.  In addition, while I don't think we
> > are close to being in a position to know what mechanism attributes we
> > want, I'd love to have consensus on the APIs for accessing mechanism
> > attributes.
> > 
> > Having forward progress on these items may end up helping a proposal
> > Joe Salowey is working on.
> 
> As far as I'm concerned the I-Ds are ready for WG LC.
> 
> That said, we may want to remove the restriction that the krb5 GSS_Prf()
> cannot be ready prior to full context establishment.  Applications that
> use GSS_Prf() can certainly ensure that they call it in synchronized
> fashion before OR after full context establishment.  I mention this ONLY
> as a result of your other post today about negotiation and composite
> mechanisms -- having GSS_Prf() prior to full context establishment could
> help construct stackable pseudo-mechanisms that protect against
> manipulation of its context tokens into those of underlying mechanisms'.

Er, disregard that suggestion -- there's never a partially established
security context for the Kerbers V GSS mechanism on the acceptor side...

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Date: Thu, 14 Apr 2005 15:12:16 -0400
From: Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
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Subject: Working Group Last Call: draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt
 and draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt
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Today begins a Working Group Last Call on the working group
drafts:

 * draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt
 * draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt

There are known issues related to ID-Nits failures which will
be addressed at the end of the working group last call period
prior to submission to the IESG.

* draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt:

  - The IANA Considerations section is missing

  - The boilerplate must be updated to RFC 3978

  - The IPR disclosure must be in conformance with BCP 79.

* draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt:

  - The Introductions section is missing

  - The IANA Considerations section is missing

  - The boilerplate must be updated to RFC 3978

  - The IPR disclosure must be in conformance with BCP 79.

In addition, there are two issues which must be addressed
for there to be a successful completion of the WGLC.

(1) Language Bindings for Java and C# should be provided as part
    of draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf

(2) Appropriate text specifying how the key usage for the Krb5
    PRF function will be determined must be added.

This WGLC will end on April 28, 2005.

Jeffrey Altman


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From kitten-bounces@ietf.org  Thu Apr 14 17:07:40 2005
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From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
Date: Thu, 14 Apr 2005 16:56:25 -0400
In-Reply-To: <425EC090.2030604@columbia.edu> (Jeffrey Altman's message of
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Subject: Re: Working Group Last Call:
 draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt and
 draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt
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>>>>> "Jeffrey" == Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu> writes:

    Jeffrey> (2) Appropriate text specifying how the key usage for the
    Jeffrey> Krb5 PRF function will be determined must be added.

RFc 3961 does not have keyusage for PRF.



Like Nico, I am concerned that our decision not to support prf_ready
for the krb5 prf may be problematic.  I am not advocating a change
now, but I'm concerned that the issue needs more consideration.
Clearly as one of the people asking for the PRF documents to move, I
should try to form a better opinion during the WGLC.


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On Thu, Apr 14, 2005 at 04:56:25PM -0400, Sam Hartman wrote:
> >>>>> "Jeffrey" == Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu> writes:
> 
>     Jeffrey> (2) Appropriate text specifying how the key usage for the
>     Jeffrey> Krb5 PRF function will be determined must be added.
> 
> RFc 3961 does not have keyusage for PRF.

Note that the key usage in question is for the krb5 _mechanism_'s GSS
PRF, not the kcrypto PRF.  Given that, what impact does the lack of a
key usage for the kcrypto prf have, in your opinion, on this I-D?

> Like Nico, I am concerned that our decision not to support prf_ready
> for the krb5 prf may be problematic.  I am not advocating a change
> now, but I'm concerned that the issue needs more consideration.
> Clearly as one of the people asking for the PRF documents to move, I
> should try to form a better opinion during the WGLC.

Please do :)

Due to the fact that for the krb5 mechanism there is no such thing, on
the _acceptor_ side, as a partially established security context, the
only ways I can see to specify a PRF_READY feature would be to either
add an argument to GSS_PRF() so a pre-full-establishment key can be
used, OR a mechanism-specific extension.

I agree that, in light of the recently discussed complication created by
SPNEGO, it would be nice to have a PRF_READY feature.

Nico
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Subject: Re: Working Group Last Call:
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>>>>> "Nicolas" == Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> writes:

    Nicolas> On Thu, Apr 14, 2005 at 04:56:25PM -0400, Sam Hartman
    Nicolas> wrote:
    >> >>>>> "Jeffrey" == Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
    >> writes:
    >> 
    Jeffrey> (2) Appropriate text specifying how the key usage for the
    Jeffrey> Krb5 PRF function will be determined must be added.
    >>  RFc 3961 does not have keyusage for PRF.

    Nicolas> Note that the key usage in question is for the krb5
    Nicolas> _mechanism_'s GSS PRF, not the kcrypto PRF.  Given that,
    Nicolas> what impact does the lack of a key usage for the kcrypto
    Nicolas> prf have, in your opinion, on this I-D?

The kcrypto prf takes a protocol key not a derived key.  You don't
stick in a key usage number anywhere.  Your draft at least claims to
use the kcrypto prf in a prf+ construction.


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Date: Thu, 14 Apr 2005 16:43:57 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
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Subject: [FWD: Comments on the WSS Kerberos Token Profile 1.0, Draft 5]
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The OASIS Web Services Security Kerberos Token Profile 1.0, Draft 5,
recently came to my attention.  I have read and reviewed the document
and posted my comments to the WSS comment list.

Other participants of the IETF KRB and/or KITTEN WGs may be interested
in reviewing said draft specification.

I note that the IETF has no liaison to OASIS, nor does the OASIS WSS TC
have a liaison to the IETF.

Nico



----- Forwarded message from Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> -----

Date: Thu, 14 Apr 2005 16:35:22 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
To: wss-comment@lists.oasis-open.org
Subject: Comments on the WSS Kerberos Token Profile 1.0, Draft 5

The Web Services Security Kerberos Token Profile 1.0, Draft 5 appears,
in some ways to be incomplete.

Additionally, I believe it is quite unfortunate that the Kerberos V
GSS-API mechanism was not used instead.  I can understand that the lack
of a keying facility may well have led to this unfortunate design, but
you should know that the IETF KITTEN WG is currently holding a Working
Group Last call on a GSS-API extension for (and corresponding Kerberos V
mechanism specification of) a pseudo-random function keyed internally by
a GSS-API security context.  This new feature of both, the GSS-API and
the Kerberos V GSS-API mechanism should provide all the functionality
needed by OASIS for a profile such as the one I'm commenting on.

Besides my above comment on the non-use of the GSS-API, I have the
following comments on Draft 5 of the profile:

 - Naming
 
   There is nothing in the profile about Kerberos V principal naming.

   What kind of service principal names should be used?

   Or is this to be specified by applications that use this profile?

   If so then this should be pointed out.  But since this profile seems
   to be closely connected with SOAP I suspect that naming
   considerations need to be discussed in the profile.

   Are non-Kerberos names to be mapped to Kerberos V principal names?
   If so, how, or where is this specified?


 - Session key negotiation and key re-use

   The profile should say whether or not the optional sub-session key in
   the AP-REQ's Authenticator MAY/SHOULD/MUST be present/absent, which
   of the Ticket's or Authenticator's session key "wins" when the
   Authenticator asserts a sub-session key.

   Assertion of sub-session keys in Authenticators is an excellent
   approach to key re-use prevention.  I'll have to review the other WSS
   specifications and drafts (and probably SOAP as well) to get a good
   idea of whether key re-use is prevented elsewhere.

   I suppose, though I will have to review the other WSS and related W3C
   specs/drafts to be sure of it, that proper key derivation is done
   elsewhere.  It would be useful, to readers not familiar with OASIS
   specifications, to mention where key derivation happens, along with
   references.


 - Replay protection and mutual authentication

   This profile says little about replay protection and nothing about
   mutual authentication.  While it may be sensible to leave replay
   protection to the "mechanisms described in WS-Security" I get the
   impression from the text in section 4 that there are special
   considerations related to this particular profile, yet no
   RFC2119 terminology (MAY/SHOULD/MUST/...) is used to indicate what,
   if anything, implementors should do.

   As for mutual authentication, if the "mechanisms described in
   WS-Security" provide it, then that should be explained in the
   profile, just as with replay protection.


 - Error handling

   This profile does not make use of the KRB-ERROR Kerberos V PDU, nor
   does it mention any Kerberos V error codes.  Instead it refers to
   error codes "defined in the WS-Security specification" without giving
   any indication of how Kerberos V error conditions on the server
   (acceptor) side should be mapped to WSS errors, if at all.


 - Channel binding

   Section 4, last paragraph (lines 214-215) says "It should be noted
   that transport-level security MAY be used to protect the message and
   the security token."  I think this needs some clarification.

   Why should the AP-REQ message require additional protection from
   lower layers?  From what sorts of attacks?  What if no such
   protection is available?  Shouldn't the session key from the AP-REQ
   be used to provide integrity protection to the S11 header?

   Or is this text indicating, obliquely I suppose, that it is possible
   to use this profile for authentication but rely on lower network
   layers for session protection?

   If the latter, note that there is a channel binding problem in that
   more normative text is needed to ensure that the end-points of the
   lower-layer channel and the application layer are effectively the
   same, else MITM attacks may be possible.  [Note: I assume that the
   "transport-level security" is secure against MITM attacks, but MITM
   attacks may be feasible nonetheless by misdirecting the
   system/application so that one layer or the other it is speaking to
   an otherwise properly authenticated attacked.]  This can be avoided
   with some additional requirements.


 - Normative references to soon-to-be-obsoleted documents

   RFC1510 will be obsoleted as soon as the RFC-Editor publishes

   draft-ietf-krb-wg-kerberos-clarifications-07.txt

   as an RFC.  That Internet-Draft has already been approved as a
   Proposed Standard by the IESG.

   The WSS Kerberos Token Profile should be reviewed with kerberos-
   clarifications in mind and, if it should not progress from Draft
   status prior to the publication of kerberos-clarifications as an RFC,
   then it should be changed to list the new RFC as a normative
   reference for the Kerberos Network Authentication Service (V5).


 - General silliness

   Section 3.5 says that "[when] a Kerberos ticket is referenced as an
   encryption key, the encryption algorithm MUST be a symmetric
   encryption algorithm."  At first glance this would seem self-evident
   given the normative reference to RFC1510, but since the encryption in
   question is not based on Kerberos specifications this is not so
   obvious, which leads me to ask...

   ...why not say the same thing in section 3.4?

   Also, section 2.3 lists terms not used anywhere else in the document,
   such as 'UCS' and 'UTF-8'.  Is the document incomplete, perhaps with
   regards to internationalization (I18N)?  Note that Kerberos V
   currently can only be interoperably used where principal and realm
   names are limited to US-ASCII characters (the IETF KRB WG is working
   on properly internationalizing the protocol).


Finally, I will give the IETF KRB and KITTEN WGs a heads-up about this
OASIS profile, as their participants may not be aware of this profile
and may wish to review and comment on it.

Cheers,

Nico
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On Thu, Apr 14, 2005 at 05:37:19PM -0400, Sam Hartman wrote:
> >>>>> "Nicolas" == Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> writes:
> 
>     Nicolas> On Thu, Apr 14, 2005 at 04:56:25PM -0400, Sam Hartman
>     Nicolas> wrote:
>     >> >>>>> "Jeffrey" == Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
>     >> writes:
>     >> 
>     Jeffrey> (2) Appropriate text specifying how the key usage for the
>     Jeffrey> Krb5 PRF function will be determined must be added.
>     >>  RFc 3961 does not have keyusage for PRF.
> 
>     Nicolas> Note that the key usage in question is for the krb5
>     Nicolas> _mechanism_'s GSS PRF, not the kcrypto PRF.  Given that,
>     Nicolas> what impact does the lack of a key usage for the kcrypto
>     Nicolas> prf have, in your opinion, on this I-D?
> 
> The kcrypto prf takes a protocol key not a derived key.  You don't
> stick in a key usage number anywhere.  Your draft at least claims to
> use the kcrypto prf in a prf+ construction.

Sure, but my I-D can still mandate the use of a derived key, with some
key usage, to be used as input to the kcrypto prf.  Correct?

Nico
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>>>>> "Nicolas" == Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> writes:

    Nicolas> Sure, but my I-D can still mandate the use of a derived
    Nicolas> key, with some key usage, to be used as input to the
    Nicolas> kcrypto prf.  Correct?

Not as such.  You can mandate anything consistent with RFC 3961.  Go
look back at the kcrypto operations and make the types match.


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On Thu, Apr 14, 2005 at 05:51:22PM -0400, Sam Hartman wrote:
> >>>>> "Nicolas" == Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> writes:
> 
>     Nicolas> Sure, but my I-D can still mandate the use of a derived
>     Nicolas> key, with some key usage, to be used as input to the
>     Nicolas> kcrypto prf.  Correct?
> 
> Not as such.  You can mandate anything consistent with RFC 3961.  Go
> look back at the kcrypto operations and make the types match.

Ok, well, given that the RFC3961 prf accepts only a protocol-key, then I
think we have no choice but to remove the words "and key usage X (TBD)"
from the end of the first paragraph of section 2 of
draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt.

Agreed?

Nico
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Nicolas Williams wrote:
> 
> Due to the fact that for the krb5 mechanism there is no such thing, on
> the _acceptor_ side, as a partially established security context, the
> only ways I can see to specify a PRF_READY feature would be to either
> add an argument to GSS_PRF() so a pre-full-establishment key can be
> used, OR a mechanism-specific extension.
> 
> I agree that, in light of the recently discussed complication created by
> SPNEGO, it would be nice to have a PRF_READY feature.

Just a few observations:

- When SPNEGO is used, then the PROT_READY option in not available.

- Although gss-cfx does not specify a semi-established security context
  on the acceptor side for the Kerberos GSS-API mechanism,  there is 
  an installed base that implements acceptor-side semi-established
  security contexts (but I don't know whether it supports prot_ready...):

    Microsoft's user2user authentication, which has been available
    since original Windows 2000, and had once been documented in
     "draft-swift-win2k-krb-user2user-xx.txt"
    Strange--I can only find a -03 document in my archives from oct-2001,
    but no informational RFC nor a newer draft...

- How about adding a parameter which the **application** caller can use to
  indicate (on the acceptor side) whether it requires a key in sync
  with the initiators' prot_ready key, or whether it wants a key
  that is based on the fully established context (i.e. which could
  be a server-asserted subkey that was established later in the
  context establishment handshake).

  The key based on the fully established handshake should be the default.

  I think this would be a manageable burden for the application writers
  that want to do krypto on their own to know whether the initiator
  takes advantage of prot_ready or not.

  I even think it should be ok for the initiator to *insecurely* tell
  the acceptor which key/prf to expect (in case there really was
  ambiguity, which I think there isn't).  I do not consider the
  potential DoS a security problenm, that an active attacker may
  change an unprotected indicator which key/prf the acceptor should request.

-Martin

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On Fri, Apr 15, 2005 at 07:58:29PM +0200, Martin Rex wrote:
> Nicolas Williams wrote:
> > 
> > Due to the fact that for the krb5 mechanism there is no such thing, on
> > the _acceptor_ side, as a partially established security context, the
> > only ways I can see to specify a PRF_READY feature would be to either
> > add an argument to GSS_PRF() so a pre-full-establishment key can be
> > used, OR a mechanism-specific extension.
> > 
> > I agree that, in light of the recently discussed complication created by
> > SPNEGO, it would be nice to have a PRF_READY feature.
> 
> Just a few observations:
> 
> - When SPNEGO is used, then the PROT_READY option in not available.

Right, but that's not the issue here.

See Sam's e-mail with the Subject: "Bill told us so: stackable mechs,
SPNEGO and substitutions."

Basically, in order to construct composite mechanisms which do not cause
problems with the new SPNEGO we need to be able to construct their
context tokens so that they are cryptographically protected from being
turned into context tokens of their underlying mechanisms.
Alternatively, where that can't be ensured, SPNEGO either MUST require
the MIC exchange or MUST NOT negotiate such composite mechanisms.

So, it'd be nice if we could consider building stackable pseudo-
mechanisms such that composite mechanisms made by stacking them over
Kerberos V have that cryptographic property mentioned above.

In the case of the Kerberos V mechanism we could do that, at least for
the reply token, if we had a PRF_READY feature for the GSS_PRF().  But
the current form of the GSS_PRF() function does not allow it.

> - Although gss-cfx does not specify a semi-established security context
>   on the acceptor side for the Kerberos GSS-API mechanism,  there is 
>   an installed base that implements acceptor-side semi-established
>   security contexts (but I don't know whether it supports prot_ready...):
> 
>     Microsoft's user2user authentication, which has been available
>     since original Windows 2000, and had once been documented in
>      "draft-swift-win2k-krb-user2user-xx.txt"
>     Strange--I can only find a -03 document in my archives from oct-2001,
>     but no informational RFC nor a newer draft...

But u2u is a different mechanism.

> - How about adding a parameter which the **application** caller can use to
>   indicate (on the acceptor side) whether it requires a key in sync
>   with the initiators' prot_ready key, or whether it wants a key
>   that is based on the fully established context (i.e. which could
>   be a server-asserted subkey that was established later in the
>   context establishment handshake).

That is one alternative.  I asked whether folks support this.

>   The key based on the fully established handshake should be the default.

Right.

>   I think this would be a manageable burden for the application writers
>   that want to do krypto on their own to know whether the initiator
>   takes advantage of prot_ready or not.

I agree.

>   I even think it should be ok for the initiator to *insecurely* tell
>   the acceptor which key/prf to expect (in case there really was
>   ambiguity, which I think there isn't).  I do not consider the
>   potential DoS a security problenm, that an active attacker may
>   change an unprotected indicator which key/prf the acceptor should request.

Probably so.

Nico
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Subject: Re: [FWD: Comments on the WSS Kerberos Token Profile 1.0, Draft 5]
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On Thu, Apr 14, 2005 at 04:43:57PM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> The OASIS Web Services Security Kerberos Token Profile 1.0, Draft 5,
> recently came to my attention.  I have read and reviewed the document
> and posted my comments to the WSS comment list.
> 
> Other participants of the IETF KRB and/or KITTEN WGs may be interested
> in reviewing said draft specification.

If you're interested in following the resulting thread, the OASIS
WS-Security TC web page and mailing list archive URLs are as follows:

http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=wss
http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/wss-comment/
http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/wss-comment/200504/maillist.html

Nico
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Date: Fri, 15 Apr 2005 17:49:36 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
To: Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
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Subject: Re: Working Group Last Call:
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	draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt
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On Thu, Apr 14, 2005 at 03:12:16PM -0400, Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> Today begins a Working Group Last Call on the working group
> drafts:
> 
>  * draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt
>  * draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt
> 
> There are known issues related to ID-Nits failures which will
> be addressed at the end of the working group last call period
> prior to submission to the IESG.
> 
> * draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt:
> 
>   - The IANA Considerations section is missing

I propose to add such a section claiming that "[this] document has no
IANA considerations."

>   - The boilerplate must be updated to RFC 3978
> 
>   - The IPR disclosure must be in conformance with BCP 79.

This will be done.

> * draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt:
> 
>   - The Introductions section is missing

I propose the following:

2.  Introduction

   This document specifies the Kerberos V GSS-API mechanism's pseudo-
   random funtion corresponding to [GSS-PRF].  The function is a "PRF+"
   style construction.

Alternatively I could rename the section currently named "Kerberos V GSS
Mechanism PRF" to "Introduction" :)

>   - The IANA Considerations section is missing

I propose to add such a section claiming that "[this] document has no
IANA considerations."

>   - The boilerplate must be updated to RFC 3978
> 
>   - The IPR disclosure must be in conformance with BCP 79.

This will be done.

> In addition, there are two issues which must be addressed
> for there to be a successful completion of the WGLC.
> 
> (1) Language Bindings for Java and C# should be provided as part
>     of draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf

I have sent Seema and Juan Carlos proposed text, which I include here
(ignoring the PRF_READY thread):

> (2) Appropriate text specifying how the key usage for the Krb5
>     PRF function will be determined must be added.

Sam pointed out, indirectly, that no such key usage is needed.  I
proposed the removal of the text "and key usage X (TBD)" from the the
end of the first paragraph of section 2 of draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-
gssapi-prf.

> This WGLC will end on April 28, 2005.

Thanks.

I will make a proposal on the PRF_READY issue in a separate post.

Cheers,

Nico
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On Fri, Apr 15, 2005 at 05:49:36PM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 14, 2005 at 03:12:16PM -0400, Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> 
> I have sent Seema and Juan Carlos proposed text, which I include here
> (ignoring the PRF_READY thread):

Argh -- I forgot to paste that in.  Here:

How about, for Java:

   public byte[] prf(byte inBuf[], int outlen) throws GSSException

And for C#:

   public byte[] prf(byte inBuf[], int outlen)

?

Nico
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From: Andrew Bartlett <abartlet@samba.org>
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Date: Sat, 16 Apr 2005 09:44:03 +1000
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Subject: CIFS and the krb5 PRF
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I'm not a kerberos or a GSSAPI guru, simply one who has to clean up
various bits of the puzzle that has been placed in front of me regarding
the use of GSSAPI on CIFS and other Samba-implemented protocols.

In particular, I'm concerned to try and get out of the GSSAPI game, and
would some day love to put Samba back outside the 'implements some
variant of GSSAPI' box. =20

Currently, Samba implements a very shoddy GSSAPI wrapping, as well as
SPNEGO, partly because it requires access to the raw Kerberos session
key for use particularly in the CIFS protocol.

CIFS uses the Kerberos session key for encrypting specific data portions
on DCE/RPC named pipes, as well as to key the SMB signing system.

My question is this (because I can't make heads or tails of the draft,
sorry):  Is the proposed PRF compatible with microsoft's existing use in
this area, or will Samba forever-more be making calls to
krb5_auth_con_getremotesubkey(context, auth_context, &skey) and
krb5_auth_con_getlocalsubkey(context, auth_context, &skey)?

Thanks,

Andrew Bartlett
--=20
Andrew Bartlett                                http://samba.org/~abartlet/
Authentication Developer, Samba Team           http://samba.org
Student Network Administrator, Hawker College  http://hawkerc.net

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Andrew:

The PRF is not going to be compatible with Microsoft's existing use.
The idea behind the PRF is to allow the session keys negotiated by the
mechanism to be used to produce additional keys which could then be
used safely by the application calling GSS.  New PRF generated keys
can be generated as needed to satisfy rekeying requirements without
requiring that the session shutdown and re-authenticated with GSS.

The problem you face is that due to the lack of a functionality like
PRF, the CIFS developers were forced to extract the raw krb5 keys
for the purpose of providing encryption and data signing.  Unless
Microsoft chooses to support a PRF based replacement for a future
CIFS protocol and you choose to abandon the existing clients, you
will have to continue using your existing hacks.

Jeffrey Altman



Andrew Bartlett wrote:
> I'm not a kerberos or a GSSAPI guru, simply one who has to clean up
> various bits of the puzzle that has been placed in front of me regarding
> the use of GSSAPI on CIFS and other Samba-implemented protocols.
> 
> In particular, I'm concerned to try and get out of the GSSAPI game, and
> would some day love to put Samba back outside the 'implements some
> variant of GSSAPI' box.  
> 
> Currently, Samba implements a very shoddy GSSAPI wrapping, as well as
> SPNEGO, partly because it requires access to the raw Kerberos session
> key for use particularly in the CIFS protocol.
> 
> CIFS uses the Kerberos session key for encrypting specific data portions
> on DCE/RPC named pipes, as well as to key the SMB signing system.
> 
> My question is this (because I can't make heads or tails of the draft,
> sorry):  Is the proposed PRF compatible with microsoft's existing use in
> this area, or will Samba forever-more be making calls to
> krb5_auth_con_getremotesubkey(context, auth_context, &skey) and
> krb5_auth_con_getlocalsubkey(context, auth_context, &skey)?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Andrew Bartlett
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Kitten mailing list
> Kitten@lists.ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten

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On Fri, 2005-04-15 at 20:12 -0400, Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> Andrew:
>=20
> The PRF is not going to be compatible with Microsoft's existing use.

> The problem you face is that due to the lack of a functionality like
> PRF, the CIFS developers were forced to extract the raw krb5 keys
> for the purpose of providing encryption and data signing.  Unless
> Microsoft chooses to support a PRF based replacement for a future
> CIFS protocol and you choose to abandon the existing clients, you
> will have to continue using your existing hacks.

This is disappointing.  Can this limitation be more fully described in
the draft, so that those that come after me in this game don't waste
time on it?

My understanding is that particular MIT and Heimdal versions have some
other function (I need to look it up again) that should allow me access
to the key material, it's just a pity that we can't get a common
standard on the point, and that I can't find something that would in
theory accommodate future GSSAPI mechs that may be developed.

I have no expectation that Microsoft will change on this point,
particularly due to the way NTLMSSP is also tied into this mess, let
alone the further need to negotiate such a change...

Andrew Bartlett

--=20
Andrew Bartlett                                http://samba.org/~abartlet/
Authentication Developer, Samba Team           http://samba.org
Student Network Administrator, Hawker College  http://hawkerc.net

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Andrew Bartlett wrote:

> This is disappointing.  Can this limitation be more fully described in
> the draft, so that those that come after me in this game don't waste
> time on it?

I do not believe this is a limitation.  The GSS PRF and GSS KRB5 PRF
drafts do not attempt to address the question of compatibility with the
CIFS utilization of NTLM or Kerberos.  The purpose of the specification
is to provide a secure method of accessing pseudo-random key data which
can be used by application level protocols regardless of the underlying
mechanism.

The mechanisms used in CIFS assume that the application has intimate
knowledge of the underlying mechanism.  This is not acceptable for a
general purpose GSS method.

> My understanding is that particular MIT and Heimdal versions have some
> other function (I need to look it up again) that should allow me access
> to the key material, it's just a pity that we can't get a common
> standard on the point, and that I can't find something that would in
> theory accommodate future GSSAPI mechs that may be developed.

You are thinking of the krb5 mechanism specific extension:

  OM_uint32 gss_krb5_get_subkey(const gss_ctx_id_t context_handle,
                                krb5_keyblock **key);

which exists in Heimdal but not MIT.  MIT will support this in a future
release to make things easier for Samba but that is off topic for this
list.

This function cannot be standardized as part of GSS because it is
krb5 mechanism specific and depends on the definition of the
krb5_keyblock within the krb5 implementation.  As there is no standard
krb5 api from which to obtain the definition of a krb5_keyblock, it is
not possible to generate a public standard.

> I have no expectation that Microsoft will change on this point,
> particularly due to the way NTLMSSP is also tied into this mess, let
> alone the further need to negotiate such a change...

I would not be surprised if the GSS PRF were used within future
protocols.  However, as we all know, once a protocol is deployed it
never dies.

> Andrew Bartlett

Jeffrey Altman


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From: Andrew Bartlett <abartlet@samba.org>
To: Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
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On Fri, 2005-04-15 at 21:25 -0400, Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> Andrew Bartlett wrote:
>=20
> > This is disappointing.  Can this limitation be more fully described in
> > the draft, so that those that come after me in this game don't waste
> > time on it?
>=20
> I do not believe this is a limitation.  The GSS PRF and GSS KRB5 PRF
> drafts do not attempt to address the question of compatibility with the
> CIFS utilization of NTLM or Kerberos. =20

I'm just asking that it be clarified 'this PRF key stream cannot be used
to obtain the original session key or it's length'.

> The purpose of the specification
> is to provide a secure method of accessing pseudo-random key data which
> can be used by application level protocols regardless of the underlying
> mechanism.
>=20
> The mechanisms used in CIFS assume that the application has intimate
> knowledge of the underlying mechanism.  This is not acceptable for a
> general purpose GSS method.

Actually, they don't.  All I want the GSSAPI stack to communicate to me
is the 'session key', where each mech decides in a existing-
implementation-compatible way what that means.  All I need to get back
is a data,length pair. =20

Samba4 has yet another abstraction layer, GENSEC, which simply returns
this to the parts of Samba that need a session key, entirely regardless
of what mech was selected.  There is no intimate knowlege required.

> > My understanding is that particular MIT and Heimdal versions have some
> > other function (I need to look it up again) that should allow me access
> > to the key material, it's just a pity that we can't get a common
> > standard on the point, and that I can't find something that would in
> > theory accommodate future GSSAPI mechs that may be developed.
>=20
> You are thinking of the krb5 mechanism specific extension:
>=20
>   OM_uint32 gss_krb5_get_subkey(const gss_ctx_id_t context_handle,
>                                 krb5_keyblock **key);
>=20
> which exists in Heimdal but not MIT.  MIT will support this in a future
> release to make things easier for Samba but that is off topic for this
> list.
>=20
> This function cannot be standardized as part of GSS because it is
> krb5 mechanism specific and depends on the definition of the
> krb5_keyblock within the krb5 implementation.  As there is no standard
> krb5 api from which to obtain the definition of a krb5_keyblock, it is
> not possible to generate a public standard.

I really don't care how the key is returned - nor what abstraction is
used.  What is wrong with using an existing data,length structure from
GSSAPI?  Nothing here has to be Kerberos specific.

Assuming that NTLMSSP became a GSSAPI mech, it would also present the
same interface - it certainly does in Samba4, which is where I make
exactly this abstraction.

> > I have no expectation that Microsoft will change on this point,
> > particularly due to the way NTLMSSP is also tied into this mess, let
> > alone the further need to negotiate such a change...
>=20
> I would not be surprised if the GSS PRF were used within future
> protocols.  However, as we all know, once a protocol is deployed it
> never dies.

Indeed, and I had this false hope that someone else might care about
making such existing use sane, on a more portable basis.

Andrew Bartlett

--=20
Andrew Bartlett                                http://samba.org/~abartlet/
Authentication Developer, Samba Team           http://samba.org
Student Network Administrator, Hawker College  http://hawkerc.net

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Subject: Re: CIFS and the krb5 PRF
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Andrew Bartlett wrote:

> Actually, they don't.  All I want the GSSAPI stack to communicate to me
> is the 'session key', where each mech decides in a existing-
> implementation-compatible way what that means.  All I need to get back
> is a data,length pair.  

You are making the false assumption that it is safe to take a key
generated for one algorithm and use it with another algorithm.
Unfortunately, this is not true.  The key you obtain from the underlying
mechanism can only be safely used with the cipher for which it is
intended.

The intimate knowledge that you have of the underlying mechanism is
the negotiated cipher to which the key belongs.  This is part of what
is represented in the krb5_keyblock data structure.  It is not simply
a random bytes and a length.

As implementors, we do care about making it easier for Samba to
implement compatibility with Microsoft's products.  However, the IETF
is not the place for that to happen.  Samba is only going to be built
with a handful of implementations.  The Samba team should work with
those implementors to provide the interfaces it requires and ensure
that the implementations are compatible.

Jeffrey Altman


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On Fri, 2005-04-15 at 21:55 -0400, Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> Andrew Bartlett wrote:
>=20
> > Actually, they don't.  All I want the GSSAPI stack to communicate to me
> > is the 'session key', where each mech decides in a existing-
> > implementation-compatible way what that means.  All I need to get back
> > is a data,length pair. =20
>=20
> You are making the false assumption that it is safe to take a key
> generated for one algorithm and use it with another algorithm.
> Unfortunately, this is not true.  The key you obtain from the underlying
> mechanism can only be safely used with the cipher for which it is
> intended.

That may be so, but I have no choice but to build upon the false
assumptions of others.

> The intimate knowledge that you have of the underlying mechanism is
> the negotiated cipher to which the key belongs.  This is part of what
> is represented in the krb5_keyblock data structure.  It is not simply
> a random bytes and a length.

I have no such knowledge, and indeed if somebody had taught Microsoft's
developers these little details, they would not have so readily used
these keys as raw input into RC4 and DES encryption of short-runs over
user-specified data.  (Microsoft resets the keystream with the session
key at the start of every encryption for these ops).

I'm looking for an answer to 'When using GSSAPI in a CIFS context, you
can call X to obtain the session keys used'.  I'm not asking for a 'this
is the best way to design a new protocol', but as the question is at the
GSSAPI level, why can't a single GSSAPI way of obtaining those bytes and
length be specified?

Why should CIFS implementors (which do extend beyond Samba) have to
always kludge their way though this problem?

> As implementors, we do care about making it easier for Samba to
> implement compatibility with Microsoft's products.  However, the IETF
> is not the place for that to happen.  Samba is only going to be built
> with a handful of implementations.  The Samba team should work with
> those implementors to provide the interfaces it requires and ensure
> that the implementations are compatible.

Samba already has a large collection of 'fix up' functions trying to
bridge the large gaps between implementations.  I had just hoped I might
avoid yet more as we move forward.

But I'm moving in both directions - we would much prefer that we can
build with any sane, standards conforming implementation of GSSAPI and
Keberos, but instead because of this kind of problem, I am instead
looking to build with only custom or specified snapshots of Heimdal
Kerberos.   I am yet to determine where this particular experiment will
end.

Andrew Bartlett

--=20
Andrew Bartlett                                http://samba.org/~abartlet/
Authentication Developer, Samba Team           http://samba.org
Student Network Administrator, Hawker College  http://hawkerc.net

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Andrew:

The IETF does not standardize protocols which do things in an insecure
way.  That is not the purpose of standardization.   The purpose of
standardization in the IETF is to get vendors to do things in a way
which is secure and known to be interoperable.

You wrote "we would much prefer that we can build with any sane,
standards conforming implementation of GSSAPI" well there is your
problem.  Microsoft's CIFS is neither "sane" nor an implementation
of GSS.

I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
list.  Let's take this discussion there.  I am sure that we can work
with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
without muddying the GSS standards track.

Jeffrey Altman


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On Fri, 2005-04-15 at 22:40 -0400, Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> Andrew:
>=20
> The IETF does not standardize protocols which do things in an insecure
> way.  That is not the purpose of standardization.   The purpose of
> standardization in the IETF is to get vendors to do things in a way
> which is secure and known to be interoperable.

I wonder how CIFS ever got itself started down the IETF path then ;-)

> You wrote "we would much prefer that we can build with any sane,
> standards conforming implementation of GSSAPI" well there is your
> problem.  Microsoft's CIFS is neither "sane" nor an implementation
> of GSS.

Indeed.  And we don't build against Microsoft CIFS to provide GSSAPI, we
just have to work with it on the other end of the network.  What is the
appropriate forum to discuss things I need from any local GSSAPI
implementation that I may want Samba to compile (that's what I meant by
build) against and use at runtime?

> I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
> list.  Let's take this discussion there.  I am sure that we can work
> with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
> without muddying the GSS standards track.

I'm happy to participate with a discussion there, and while it appears
that the 'world' is pretty much 'MIT and Heimdal', it just didn't seem
to be the 'right place' to try and discuss 'anybody doing GSSAPI'
issues. =20

Oh well, I seem to have a poor track record of picking the right forums
(or understanding IETF policies/politics) in the past, so whatever...

Andrew Bartlett

--=20
Andrew Bartlett                                http://samba.org/~abartlet/
Authentication Developer, Samba Team           http://samba.org
Student Network Administrator, Hawker College  http://hawkerc.net

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Jeffrey Altman wrote:

>  Andrew:
>
>  The IETF does not standardize protocols which do things in an
>  insecure way. That is not the purpose of standardization. The
>  purpose of standardization in the IETF is to get vendors to do things
>  in a way which is secure and known to be interoperable.
>
>  You wrote "we would much prefer that we can build with any sane,
>  standards conforming implementation of GSSAPI" well there is your
>  problem. Microsoft's CIFS is neither "sane" nor an implementation of
>  GSS.
>
>  I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
>  list. Let's take this discussion there. I am sure that we can work
>  with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
>  without muddying the GSS standards track.

I think Nico and I have an interest in pursuing this conversation a bit
further as it is eerily similar to a conversation we recently had with
a big customer.    Certain protocols and specificiations require access
to the raw key data, however, the lack of a "standard" Kerberos API
and the inability of GSSAPI to provide the necessary interface for
extracting this data has become problematic (to say the least).

I look forward to following this more on krbdev...

-Wyllys

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On Fri, Apr 15, 2005 at 09:25:11PM -0400, Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> You are thinking of the krb5 mechanism specific extension:
> 
>   OM_uint32 gss_krb5_get_subkey(const gss_ctx_id_t context_handle,
>                                 krb5_keyblock **key);
> 
> which exists in Heimdal but not MIT.  MIT will support this in a future
> release to make things easier for Samba but that is off topic for this
> list.
> 
> This function cannot be standardized as part of GSS because it is
> krb5 mechanism specific and depends on the definition of the
> krb5_keyblock within the krb5 implementation.  As there is no standard
> krb5 api from which to obtain the definition of a krb5_keyblock, it is
> not possible to generate a public standard.

*That* function cannot be standardized, but *a* function like it that
did not use the 'krb5_keyblock' type *could* be made a standard
mechanism-specific GSS-API extension.

And why not?  SPNEGO has mechanism-specific extensions too...

I'd have the function output an INTEGER corresponding to the key's
enctype and an OCTET STRING corresponding to the key's value.  The
C-bindings of that would be straightforward.

Nico
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On Fri, Apr 15, 2005 at 11:28:35PM -0400, Wyllys Ingersoll wrote:
> Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> 
> > Andrew:
> >
> > The IETF does not standardize protocols which do things in an
> > insecure way. That is not the purpose of standardization. The
> > purpose of standardization in the IETF is to get vendors to do things
> > in a way which is secure and known to be interoperable.
> >
> > You wrote "we would much prefer that we can build with any sane,
> > standards conforming implementation of GSSAPI" well there is your
> > problem. Microsoft's CIFS is neither "sane" nor an implementation of
> > GSS.
> >
> > I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
> > list. Let's take this discussion there. I am sure that we can work
> > with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
> > without muddying the GSS standards track.
> 
> I think Nico and I have an interest in pursuing this conversation a bit
> further as it is eerily similar to a conversation we recently had with
> a big customer.    Certain protocols and specificiations require access
> to the raw key data, however, the lack of a "standard" Kerberos API
> and the inability of GSSAPI to provide the necessary interface for
> extracting this data has become problematic (to say the least).
> 
> I look forward to following this more on krbdev...

I think a forum is needed for this discussion, and krbdev is as good as
any (KITTEN is not chartered to do this work, so perhaps KITTEN's list
is not a good forum, but I'd be happy to take a personal I-D submission
to the IETF covering mechanism-specific GSS-API extensions relating to
Kerberos V).

Nico
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Subject: PRF_READY -- a proposal
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So, Sam has given us good reasons to add a PROT_READY-like equivalent
for PRF_READY that would work for the krb5 mechanism.

Martin indicated support for an additional input parameter to GSS_PRF()
to support this feature, as did I.

I'm now ready to make a specific proposal:

 - add an input parameter, 'prf_key', of type INTEGER, to GSS_PRF()

    - in the C, Java and C# bindings the type would be 'int'

 - add three constant values for this INTEGER field:

    - GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT
    - GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL
    - GSS_C_PRF_KEY_OTHER

 - these three constants will correspond, in order, to the fully
   established krb5 sec context key (acceptor, initiator, ticket session
   keys, in that order), the partially established krb5 sec context key
   (initiator, ticket session keys, in that order), and the ticket
   session key

Rationale for INTEGER as the parameter's type, as opposed to BOOLEAN or
BIT STRING (i.e., flags): BOOLEAN has too few values considering the
fact that in the Kerberos V mechanism there might be up to three keys
one might want to use for the PRF, but I can imagine no mechanism in
which more than one key could be used for any one call to GSS_PRF(), so
a BIT STRING seems inappropriate, which leaves me with INTEGER or
some enumerated type, and since RFC2743 does not use any enumerated
type, I chose INTEGER.

Comments?

I'll post text soon.  Remember, we're in WGLC.

Nico
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Subject: Why combine the Java and C# bindings?
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First, I apologize for joining this discussion late. I'm concerned that 
we are rushing to combining the Java and C# bindings in to one document. 
If we combine the two bindings into one, my feeling is that over time we 
will end up with a large switch statement written in plain English.

The Java bindings in RFC 2853 aim to provide a vast amount of guidance 
that is relevant to the Java platform. Each and every bit of it that is 
not applicable to C# will need to have a case that lists the Java 
behaviour and the C# behaviour separately. Some of the issues that come 
to mind right away are:

1. Does C# have a provider framework, and can all the JGSS provider APIs 
be ported to C#? Does the provider framework have the same level of 
permissions as the Java one? (See the discussion of security providers 
throughout RFC 2853.)

2. In Java all methods are virtual unless declared final. Not so in C# - 
all methods are non-virtual unless the virtual keyword is present in its 
declaration. This means that all RFC2853 classes that have non-final 
methods will have different behaviour when called in Java and when 
called in C#. This affects the mechanism implementor in all classes, and 
it affects the application developer in ChannelBinding, MessageProp, and 
Oid.

3. The ChannelBinding class can accept both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses in 
Java. Will that work in C#?

4. The application developer can make his/her own address class that 
subclasses InetAddress, and pass that to ChannelBindings. Will that work 
in C#?

5. All references to package org.ietf.jgss in Java already have to be 
replaced with references to a namespace in C#.

Looking forward, there are two enhancements that should be added to the 
Java version that may not make sense in the C# version:

1. There is enormous interest in getting a service-provider interface 
published that allows non-default mechanism providers to add their 
mechanism implementations to any compliant JGSS package. Again, this 
relies heavily on the availability of a JCA (Java Crypto Architecture)  
like provider framework. Even if C# adds one at some point in the 
future, there may be multi-threading issues with the API itself that may 
vary between the C# (mono, .NET) and Java platforms.

2. After having implemented JGSS in the Java platform we realized there 
was a need to clarify what credentials cache should be used by default, 
and how it may be populated. This refers to the Subject class that is 
associated with the access control context in the JVM. This class, 
again, is only relevant in Java, and providing guidance on how to 
integrate JGSS with it makes a great deal of sense for Java programmers.

Moreover, there is no guarantee that C# and Java will not diverge 
significantly, even beyond the issues mentioned above. We should not 
compare C# and Java to C and C++. The latter two can make do with one 
set of bindings because one language is (almost) a proper subset of the 
other.

Since the current requirements of the C# draft are very modest and only 
refer to the core API, I would recommend that they publish a separate 
document that references the relevant sections of the Java bindings. As 
the Java bindings evolve, it may not even be necessary to increment the 
C# bindings because the changes are unlikely to affect the core.

Just my 2 cents!

-Mayank

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Below are the changes to draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02 and
draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02, excluding all formatting and
boilerplate changes, for:

 - IANA considerations
 - missing Introduction section

 - New GSS_Pseudo_random() inut parameter, 'prf_key' and three
   constants, GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT/PARTIAL/OTHER, and an informative
   reference to RFC1964/CFX.

 - Java and C# bindings of GSS_Pseudo_random()

 - Proper alignment with RFC3961 (removed text about key usages)

 - Changed reference for kcrypto from I-D to RFC3961

The only change I haven't yet made is a clarifying change that Jeff
asked for relating to the maximum and minimum desired_output_len that
must be supported.

The diffs, then:

--- kitten-gss-prf-02.txt	Fri Feb 11 15:36:49 2005
+++ kitten-gss-prf-03.txt	Mon Apr 18 18:23:57 2005
@@
 Table of Contents
 
    1.  Conventions used in this document  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
    2.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
    3.  GSS_Pseudo_random()  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
    3.1 C-Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
-   4.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
-   5.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
-   5.1 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
-   5.2 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
-       Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
-       Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . .  9
+   3.2 Java Bindings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
+   3.3 C# Bindings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
+   4.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
+   5.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
+   6.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
+   6.1 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
+   6.2 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
+       Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
...
@@
 3.  GSS_Pseudo_random()
 
    Inputs:
 
    o  context CONTEXT handle,
+   o  prf_key INTEGER,
    o  prf_in OCTET STRING,
    o  desired_output_len INTEGER
 
    Outputs:
 
    o  major_status INTEGER,
    o  minor_status INTEGER,
    o  prf_out OCTET STRING
 
    Return major_status codes:

    o  GSS_S_COMPLETE indicates no error.
    o  GSS_S_NO_CONTEXT indicates that a null context has been provided
       as input.
    o  GSS_S_CONTEXT_EXPIRED indicates that an expired context has been
       provided as input.
    o  GSS_S_UNAVAILABLE indicates that the mechanism lacks support for
       this function or, if the security context is not fully
       established, that the context is not ready to compute the PRF.
    o  GSS_S_FAILURE indicates failure or lack of support; the minor
       status code may provide additional information.
 
    This function applies the established context's mechanism's keyed PRF
-   function to the input data (prf_in), keyed with key material
-   associated with the given security context and outputs the resulting
-   octet string (prf_out) of desired_output_len length.
+   function, using the desired 'prf_key', to the input data ('prf_in'),
+   keyed with key material associated with the given security context
+   and outputs the resulting octet string ('prf_out') of
+   desired_output_len length.
 
+   The prf_key can take on the following values: GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT,
+   GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL and GSS_C_PRF_KEY_OTHER.  This parameter is
+   intended to identify a key to use when the PRF operation is called on
+   a partially established security context by one peer and on a fully-
+   established security context by the other peer -- in some mechanisms,
+   such as the Kerberos V GSS-API mechanism [RFC1964], this cannot be
+   avoided when a the GSS_Pseudo_random() operation is needed pre-full
+   security context establishment.  The GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT value
+   corresponds to the best key available at the time that
+   GSS_Pseudo_random() is caller.  GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL corresponds to
+   a key that would be have been used while the security context is
+   partially established, even if it is fully established when
+   GSS_Pseudo_random() is called.  GSS_C_PRF_KEY_OTHER is intended to
+   refer to one other possible key, but mechanisms which may make more
+   than three keys available for use with GSS_Pseudo_random() must
+   provide other, mechanism-specific values for prk_key.
+
    The output string of this function MUST be a pseudo-random function
    [GGM1][GGM2] of the input keyed with key material from the
    established security context -- the chances of getting the same
    output given different input parameters should be exponentially
    small.
 
    This function, applied to the same inputs by an initiator and
-   acceptor using the same established context, MUST produce the *same
-   results* for both, the initiator and acceptor, even if called
+   acceptor using the same established context, MUST produce the _same
+   results_ for both, the initiator and acceptor, even if called
    multiple times for the same context.
 
@@ 
 3.1  C-Bindings
 
+   #define GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT 0
+   #define GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL 1
+   #define GSS_C_PRF_KEY_OTHER   2
+
    OM_uint32 gss_pseudo_random(
      OM_uint32               *minor_status,
      gss_ctx_id_t            context,
+     int                     prf_key,
      const gss_buffer_t      prf_in,
      ssize_t                 desired_output_len,
      gss_buffer_t            prf_out
    );
 
 
+3.2  Java Bindings
 
+   For Java GSS_Pseudo_random() maps to a GSSContext method, 'prf':
 
+   public static final int GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT = 0
+   public static final int GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL = 1
+   public static final int GSS_C_PRF_KEY_OTHER   = 2
 
+   public byte[] prf(int prf_key, byte inBuf[], int outlen)
+      throws GSSException
 
 
+3.3  C# Bindings
 
+   For C# GSS_Pseudo_random() maps to a GSSContext method, 'prf':
 
+   public static final int GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT = 0
+   public static final int GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL = 1
+   public static final int GSS_C_PRF_KEY_OTHER   = 2
 
+   public byte[] prf(int prf_key, byte inBuf[], int outlen)
@@
+4.  IANA Considerations
 
-4.  Security Considerations
+   This document has no IANA considerations.
 
+5.  Security Considerations
+
    Care should be taken in properly designing a mechanism's PRF
    function.
 
    GSS mechanisms' PRF functions should use a key derived from contexts'
    session keys and should preserve the forward security properties of
@@
-5.  References
+6.  References
 
-5.1  Normative References
+6.1  Normative References
@@
-5.2  Informative References
+6.2  Informative References
@@
+   [RFC1964]  Linn, J., "The Kerberos Version 5 GSS-API Mechanism",
+              RFC 1964, June 1996.
@@


--- draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt
+++ draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-03.txt
@@
 Table of Contents
 
    1. Conventions used in this document  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
-   2. Kerberos V GSS Mechanism PRF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
-   3. Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
-   4. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+   2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+   3. Kerberos V GSS Mechanism PRF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+   4. IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
+   5. Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
+   6. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
       Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
@@
+2.  Introduction
 
+   This document specifies the Kerberos V GSS-API mechanism's pseudo-
+   random funtion corresponding to [GSS-PRF].  The function is a "PRF+"
+   style construction.
 
-2.  Kerberos V GSS Mechanism PRF
+3.  Kerberos V GSS Mechanism PRF
 
    The GSS-API PRF [GSS-PRF] function for the Kerberos V mechanism [CFX]
    shall be the output of a PRF+ function based on the enctype's PRF
    function keyed with the negotiated session key of the security
-   context and key usage X (TBD).
+   context.
 
    The security context MUST be fully established, else the mechanism
    MUST fail with GSS_S_UNAVAILABLE as the major status code and
    GSS_KRB5_S_KG_CTX_INCOMPLETE as the minor status code.
 
-   This PRF+ MUST be keyed with a key derived, with key usage (TBD),
-   from the session used by the initiator and acceptor, after the
-   security context is fully established, to derive keys for per-message
-   tokens.  For the current Kerberos V mechanism [CFX] this means that
-   the PRF+ MUST be keyed with the acceptor-asserted subkey, if it did
-   assert such a key, or the initiator's sub-session key otherwise.
+   This PRF+ MUST be keyed with the key indicated by the 'prf_key' input
+   parameter as follows:
 
+   o  GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT -- use the sub-session key asserted by the
+      acceptor, if any, or the sub-session asserted by the initiator, if
+      any, or the Ticket's session key
+
+   o  GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL -- use the sub-session key asserted by the
+      initiator, if any, or the Ticket's session key
+
+   o  GSS_C_PRF_KEY_OTHER -- use the Ticket's session key
+
    The PRF+ function is a simple counter-based extension of the Kerberos
-   V pseudo-random function [KRB5-CRYPTO] for the enctype of the
-   security context's keys:
+   V pseudo-random function [RFC3961] for the enctype of the security
+   context's keys:
 
    	PRF+(K, L, S) = truncate(L, T1 || T2 || .. || Tn)
 
-   	Tn = pseudo-random-function(K, n || S)
+         Tn = pseudo-random(K, n || S)
 
-   	where '||' is the concatenation operator, 'n' is encoded as a
-   	network byte order 32-bit unsigned binary number, and where
-   	truncate(L, S) truncates the input octet string S to length L.
+   where '||' is the concatenation operator, 'n' is encoded as a network
+   byte order 32-bit unsigned binary number, truncate(L, S) truncates
+   the input octet string S to length L, and pseudo-random() is the
+   Kerberos V pseudo-random function [RFC3961].
 
    The maximum output size of the Kerberos V mechanism's GSS-API PRF
    then is, necessarily, 2^32 octets.
 
    Implementations MUST support output size of up to 2^14 octets at
@@
+4.  IANA Considerations
 
+   This document has no IANA considerations.
 
-3.  Security Considerations
+5.  Security Considerations
@@
-4  Normative References
+6.  Normative References
@@
-   [KRB5-CRYPTO]
-              Raeburn, K., "Encryption and Checksum Specifications for
-              Kerberos 5".
+   [RFC3961]  Raeburn, K., "Encryption and Checksum Specifications for
+              Kerberos 5", RFC 3961, February 2005.

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Subject: Re: GSS PRF diffs
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These are proposed changes, of course.  Please review, comment.

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Subject: Re: Why combine the Java and C# bindings?
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Mayank,

When defining the C# bindings, we at Novell felt that there was no reason =
to
diverge from the Java bindings. Keeping the C# bindings as close as =
possible to
the Java bindings meant that developers familiar with the Java bindings =
would
have an easier time when developing to the C# bindings.

We originally set out to produce a document that only published the C# =
bindings
and we got feedback that it would be better to extend RFC 2853 since the
document that we were producing was duplicating a lot of the information
present in the RFC.

The concerns that you list are valid. I will consider withdrawing the
current draft and publishing the C# bindings in their own document.

Thanks,

Juan Carlos

>>> Mayank Upadhyay <mayank+ietf-kitten@google.com> 04/18/05 5:35 PM >>>
First, I apologize for joining this discussion late. I'm concerned that=20
we are rushing to combining the Java and C# bindings in to one document.=20=

If we combine the two bindings into one, my feeling is that over time =
we=20
will end up with a large switch statement written in plain English.

The Java bindings in RFC 2853 aim to provide a vast amount of guidance=20
that is relevant to the Java platform. Each and every bit of it that is=20
not applicable to C# will need to have a case that lists the Java=20
behaviour and the C# behaviour separately. Some of the issues that come=20
to mind right away are:

1. Does C# have a provider framework, and can all the JGSS provider =
APIs=20
be ported to C#? Does the provider framework have the same level of=20
permissions as the Java one? (See the discussion of security providers=20
throughout RFC 2853.)

2. In Java all methods are virtual unless declared final. Not so in C# =
-=20
all methods are non-virtual unless the virtual keyword is present in =
its=20
declaration. This means that all RFC2853 classes that have non-final=20
methods will have different behaviour when called in Java and when=20
called in C#. This affects the mechanism implementor in all classes, =
and=20
it affects the application developer in ChannelBinding, MessageProp, =
and=20
Oid.

3. The ChannelBinding class can accept both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses in=20
Java. Will that work in C#?

4. The application developer can make his/her own address class that=20
subclasses InetAddress, and pass that to ChannelBindings. Will that =
work=20
in C#?

5. All references to package org.ietf.jgss in Java already have to be=20
replaced with references to a namespace in C#.

Looking forward, there are two enhancements that should be added to the=20
Java version that may not make sense in the C# version:

1. There is enormous interest in getting a service-provider interface=20
published that allows non-default mechanism providers to add their=20
mechanism implementations to any compliant JGSS package. Again, this=20
relies heavily on the availability of a JCA (Java Crypto Architecture) =20
like provider framework. Even if C# adds one at some point in the=20
future, there may be multi-threading issues with the API itself that =
may=20
vary between the C# (mono, .NET) and Java platforms.

2. After having implemented JGSS in the Java platform we realized there=20
was a need to clarify what credentials cache should be used by default,=20
and how it may be populated. This refers to the Subject class that is=20
associated with the access control context in the JVM. This class,=20
again, is only relevant in Java, and providing guidance on how to=20
integrate JGSS with it makes a great deal of sense for Java programmers.

Moreover, there is no guarantee that C# and Java will not diverge=20
significantly, even beyond the issues mentioned above. We should not=20
compare C# and Java to C and C++. The latter two can make do with one=20
set of bindings because one language is (almost) a proper subset of the=20
other.

Since the current requirements of the C# draft are very modest and only=20
refer to the core API, I would recommend that they publish a separate=20
document that references the relevant sections of the Java bindings. As=20
the Java bindings evolve, it may not even be necessary to increment the=20
C# bindings because the changes are unlikely to affect the core.

Just my 2 cents!

-Mayank

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Subject: Re: Why combine the Java and C# bindings?
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On Tue, Apr 19, 2005 at 10:43:39AM -0600, Juan Carlos Luciani wrote:
> Mayank,
> 
> When defining the C# bindings, we at Novell felt that there was no reason to
> diverge from the Java bindings. Keeping the C# bindings as close as possible to
> the Java bindings meant that developers familiar with the Java bindings would
> have an easier time when developing to the C# bindings.
> 
> We originally set out to produce a document that only published the C# bindings
> and we got feedback that it would be better to extend RFC 2853 since the
> document that we were producing was duplicating a lot of the information
> present in the RFC.
> 
> The concerns that you list are valid. I will consider withdrawing the
> current draft and publishing the C# bindings in their own document.

WG consensus on the matter hasn't been reached.

I for one would like to hear more about why or why not C# bindings
shouldn't be in the same doc as Java bindings.

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Date: Tue, 19 Apr 2005 13:05:38 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
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Is it really the case that sub-classing is the intended SPI in Java?
RFC2853 seems to explicitly leave the SPI out of scope.

Nico
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Nicolas Williams wrote:

>Is it really the case that sub-classing is the intended SPI in Java?
>RFC2853 seems to explicitly leave the SPI out of scope.
>
>Nico
>  
>
The the impact on inheritance is irrespective of the SPI. Say, an 
application developer creates a subclass of ChannelBinding that does 
some special processing of the input parameters and overrides the 
accessor methods. During context establishment this object is passed to 
the underlying mechanism. Now, when the underlying mechanism calls 
/getAcceptorAddress/() or any of the other accessor methods on this 
object, in C# the behavior they see will be the base class 
org.ietf.jgss.ChannelBinding, and not the applications developer's 
intended behavior. This is because the method in the subclass is not 
declared virtual. The same thing can happen to /MessageProp /and /Oid/.

Regarding the SPI, when we started the Java bindings there were export 
control issues and the JCA provider model was still being 'digested'. So 
we decided to simply provide hooks for providers but leave the SPI out 
to be specified in another doc, another time. Ideally, I would like to 
see the SPI be part of the base document in the future because export 
control restrictions have been eased and JCA is better understood now. 
Irrespective of this issue, all of those hooks that refer to provider in 
RFC 2853 would create compile time issues for the C# API.

-Mayank




--------------040900030204090502040101
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
  <meta content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type">
  <title></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
Nicolas Williams wrote:<br>
<blockquote cite="mid20050419180537.GK14150@binky.Central.Sun.COM"
 type="cite">
  <pre wrap="">Is it really the case that sub-classing is the intended SPI in Java?
RFC2853 seems to explicitly leave the SPI out of scope.

Nico
  </pre>
</blockquote>
The the impact on inheritance is irrespective of the SPI. Say, an
application
developer creates a subclass of ChannelBinding that does some special
processing of the input parameters and overrides the accessor methods.
During context establishment this object is passed to the
underlying mechanism. Now, when the underlying mechanism calls
<i>getAcceptorAddress</i>() or any of the other accessor methods on
this
object, in C# the behavior they see will be the base class
org.ietf.jgss.ChannelBinding, and not the applications developer's
intended behavior. This is because the method in the subclass is not
declared virtual. The same thing can happen to <i>MessageProp </i>and
<i>Oid</i>.<br>
<br>
Regarding the SPI, when we started the Java bindings there were export
control
issues and the JCA provider model was still being 'digested'. So we
decided to simply provide hooks for providers but leave the
SPI out to be specified in another doc, another time. Ideally, I would
like to see the SPI be part of the base document in the future because
export control restrictions have been eased and JCA is better
understood now. Irrespective of this issue, all of those hooks that
refer to provider in RFC 2853 would create compile time issues for the
C# API.<br>
<br>
-Mayank<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>

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On Tue, Apr 19, 2005 at 11:47:20AM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> WG consensus on the matter hasn't been reached.
> 
> I for one would like to hear more about why or why not C# bindings
> shouldn't be in the same doc as Java bindings.

Mayank has made, privately, one technical argument about the lack in C#
of an equivalent for the Java stream classes used in the Java bindings.

I believe that, if accurate, that may yet turn out to be a very good
reason for specifying the bindings for those two languages in separate
documents as the differences between one set of bindings an another
might differ too much to justify specifying in one document, and the two
bindings would probably progress at different rates, thus the
specification of one might hold up the other.

I would like to know, out of curiosity if nothing else, if there really
are any differences between Java and C# that make it impossible to
specify the C# bindings of the GSS-API in terms of lexical
transformations of the Java bindings, as Juan has attempted.

If the C# bindings of the GSS-API cannot be expressed simply and in
terms of the Java bindings then I see no strong reason to specify the
two in one document.

My mind is not entirely made up as I'm still missing information, but
the authors of the existing I-Ds seem willing to pursue separate paths.

Jeff, do you think we need a consensus call, or is there consensus
already?

Nico
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On Wed, Apr 20, 2005 at 02:10:50PM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Tue, Apr 19, 2005 at 11:47:20AM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> > WG consensus on the matter hasn't been reached.
> > 
> > I for one would like to hear more about why or why not C# bindings
> > shouldn't be in the same doc as Java bindings.
> 
> Mayank has made, privately, one technical argument about the lack in C#
                              ^^^
			      a

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Date: Wed, 20 Apr 2005 13:36:59 -0600
From: "Juan Carlos Luciani" <JLUCIANI@novell.com>
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	"Karl Ford" <KFORD@novell.com>, <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
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Subject: Re: Why combine the Java and C# bindings?
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Nico,

I have decided to submit a new draft defining the C# bindings in one =
document.
I believe that doing so will make it easier on C# developers in the long =
run.

The new document will borrow heavily from RFC2853 and give appropriate =
credit. I am
hoping to have it ready towards the end of next week.

As far as the I/O stream class question that you had, C# does classes that =
match the
Java implementations.

Thanks,

Juan Carlos

>>> Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> 04/20/05 1:10 PM >>>
On Tue, Apr 19, 2005 at 11:47:20AM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> WG consensus on the matter hasn't been reached.
>=20
> I for one would like to hear more about why or why not C# bindings
> shouldn't be in the same doc as Java bindings.

Mayank has made, privately, one technical argument about the lack in C#
of an equivalent for the Java stream classes used in the Java bindings.

I believe that, if accurate, that may yet turn out to be a very good
reason for specifying the bindings for those two languages in separate
documents as the differences between one set of bindings an another
might differ too much to justify specifying in one document, and the two
bindings would probably progress at different rates, thus the
specification of one might hold up the other.

I would like to know, out of curiosity if nothing else, if there really
are any differences between Java and C# that make it impossible to
specify the C# bindings of the GSS-API in terms of lexical
transformations of the Java bindings, as Juan has attempted.

If the C# bindings of the GSS-API cannot be expressed simply and in
terms of the Java bindings then I see no strong reason to specify the
two in one document.

My mind is not entirely made up as I'm still missing information, but
the authors of the existing I-Ds seem willing to pursue separate paths.

Jeff, do you think we need a consensus call, or is there consensus
already?

Nico
--=20

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From: Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
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Nicolas Williams wrote:

> On Tue, Apr 19, 2005 at 11:47:20AM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> 
>>WG consensus on the matter hasn't been reached.
>>
>>I for one would like to hear more about why or why not C# bindings
>>shouldn't be in the same doc as Java bindings.
>
> My mind is not entirely made up as I'm still missing information, but
> the authors of the existing I-Ds seem willing to pursue separate paths.
> 
> Jeff, do you think we need a consensus call, or is there consensus
> already?

I do not believe that we need an explicit consensus call to determine
which path is taken for publication of this work.

Back in October when the working group was forming there was a weak
consensus that the Java and C# bindings should be merged into one
update to 2853 because it was argued that the quantity of work
necessary to be performed was modest for both.  Java required an
update because there were factual errors that needed to be corrected.
The C# definition was considered to be minor.

In the past two weeks there has been significant discussion regarding
the merits of this decision.   The editors of both the current Java
draft and C# draft are in agreement to go separate ways and I do not
see any requirements that only a single document be produced.

Here is what I would like to see in the coming month:

* I would like to see an updated version of
draft-ietf-kitten-rfc2853bis-00.txt published that contains all of the
text of rfc2853 modified as stated by the aforementioned  draft.

* I would like to see a revised version of
draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-rfc2853-update-for-csharp-00 which is based on
rfc2853 but is specific to C#

I believe that rfc2853bis can be sent to the IESG in a very short period
of time.  A revised rfc is justified to correct the factual errors in
2853.   This working group will have a large number of changes published
in the coming year and I do not want to wait for the conclusion of this
working group before an updated Java bindings RFC is published.

A third revision to 2853 can be published as we near the end of the
working group to collect all of the Java bindings which are produced for
forthcoming APIs.  In the meantime, supplementary documents such as the
PRF drafts will contain bindings for at least C and Java when they are
submitted to the IESG.

Jeffrey Altman


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Subject: Re: CIFS and the krb5 PRF
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Hi,

> > Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> >  I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
> >  list. Let's take this discussion there. I am sure that we can work
> >  with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
> >  without muddying the GSS standards track.

So can someone explain why this is a krbdev@mit.edu discussion and not 
something suited to the kitten list?  I don't think it is mudding the waters 
at all.  It seems to me like a legitmate request for generic API 
functionality.

I agree with Nico's post...

> On Friday 15 April 2005 22:01, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> [snip]
> *That* function cannot be standardized, but *a* function like it that
> did not use the 'krb5_keyblock' type *could* be made a standard
> mechanism-specific GSS-API extension.
>
> And why not?  SPNEGO has mechanism-specific extensions too...
>
> I'd have the function output an INTEGER corresponding to the key's
> enctype and an OCTET STRING corresponding to the key's value.  The
> C-bindings of that would be straightforward.

I think that GSS-API needs to respond to the types of request being made by 
the Samba team for a usable API.  Why can't we talk about standardizing a 
function instead of shuffling the discussion off to an implementation 
specific mailing list?

--
Matt

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From: Matt Peterson <mpeterson@vintela.com>
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Subject: Re: CIFS and the krb5 PRF
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Hi,

> > Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> >  I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
> >  list. Let's take this discussion there. I am sure that we can work
> >  with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
> >  without muddying the GSS standards track.

So can someone explain why this is a krbdev@mit.edu discussion and not 
something suited to the kitten list?  I don't think it is mudding the waters 
at all.  It seems to me like a legitmate request for generic API 
functionality.

I agree with Nico's post...

> On Friday 15 April 2005 22:01, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> [snip]
> *That* function cannot be standardized, but *a* function like it that
> did not use the 'krb5_keyblock' type *could* be made a standard
> mechanism-specific GSS-API extension.
>
> And why not?  SPNEGO has mechanism-specific extensions too...
>
> I'd have the function output an INTEGER corresponding to the key's
> enctype and an OCTET STRING corresponding to the key's value.  The
> C-bindings of that would be straightforward.

I think that GSS-API needs to respond to the types of request being made by 
the Samba team for a usable API.  Why can't we talk about standardizing a 
function instead of shuffling the discussion off to an implementation 
specific mailing list?

--
Matt

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From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
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On Thu, Apr 21, 2005 at 12:32:20PM -0600, Matt Peterson wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> > > Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> > >  I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
> > >  list. Let's take this discussion there. I am sure that we can work
> > >  with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
> > >  without muddying the GSS standards track.
> 
> So can someone explain why this is a krbdev@mit.edu discussion and not 
> something suited to the kitten list?  I don't think it is mudding the waters 
> at all.  It seems to me like a legitmate request for generic API 
> functionality.

KITTEN is not charatered to design a raw krb5 mechanism and associated
mechanism-specific GSS extensions.  Generic GSS extensions, OTOH, do
fall under its charter.

There's no need to burden the KITTEN list subscribers with talk of a
GSS-based API for raw krb5, at least not yet.

None of which means that a raw krb5 API based on the GSS-API couldn't be
documented in IETF RFCs.  All we need is a forum with the right
participants, and I do believe that this is pretty close to being the
right forum.

Nico
-- 

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From kitten-bounces@lists.ietf.org Thu Apr 21 14:40:24 2005
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From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
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On Thu, Apr 21, 2005 at 01:37:37PM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 21, 2005 at 12:32:20PM -0600, Matt Peterson wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > > > Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> > > >  I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
> > > >  list. Let's take this discussion there. I am sure that we can work
> > > >  with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
> > > >  without muddying the GSS standards track.
> > 
> > So can someone explain why this is a krbdev@mit.edu discussion and not 
> > something suited to the kitten list?  I don't think it is mudding the waters 
> > at all.  It seems to me like a legitmate request for generic API 
> > functionality.
> 
> KITTEN is not charatered to design a raw krb5 mechanism and associated
> mechanism-specific GSS extensions.  Generic GSS extensions, OTOH, do
> fall under its charter.
> 
> There's no need to burden the KITTEN list subscribers with talk of a
> GSS-based API for raw krb5, at least not yet.
> 
> None of which means that a raw krb5 API based on the GSS-API couldn't be
> documented in IETF RFCs.  All we need is a forum with the right
> participants, and I do believe that this is pretty close to being the
> right forum.

this == krbdev

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Nicolas Williams wrote:

> On Thu, Apr 21, 2005 at 01:37:37PM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> 
>>On Thu, Apr 21, 2005 at 12:32:20PM -0600, Matt Peterson wrote:
>>
>>>Hi,
>>>
>>>
>>>>>Jeffrey Altman wrote:
>>>>> I have started a discussion with you on the krbdev@mit.edu mailing
>>>>> list. Let's take this discussion there. I am sure that we can work
>>>>> with you to get the functionality you need into a future release
>>>>> without muddying the GSS standards track.
>>>
>>>So can someone explain why this is a krbdev@mit.edu discussion and not 
>>>something suited to the kitten list?  I don't think it is mudding the waters 
>>>at all.  It seems to me like a legitmate request for generic API 
>>>functionality.
>>
>>KITTEN is not charatered to design a raw krb5 mechanism and associated
>>mechanism-specific GSS extensions.  Generic GSS extensions, OTOH, do
>>fall under its charter.
>>
>>There's no need to burden the KITTEN list subscribers with talk of a
>>GSS-based API for raw krb5, at least not yet.
>>
>>None of which means that a raw krb5 API based on the GSS-API couldn't be
>>documented in IETF RFCs.  All we need is a forum with the right
>>participants, and I do believe that this is pretty close to being the
>>right forum.
> 
> 
> this == krbdev

Nico:

Thank you for pressing send on your e-mail before I had a chance to
press send on mine.

Nico is correct on all counts.  When the preliminary work on a raw krb5
mechanism and associated GSS extensions get to the point where a
proposal can be made for standards action, those participating can do
one of the following:

* request that the Kerberos working group be re-chartered to do the work

* request that a new working group be chartered

* submit one or more individual drafts

The important part is that the conversation take place in an open forum
with the necessary participants.   krbdev@mit.edu is targeted at the
development of the MIT Kerberos implementation and is also frequented by
developers looking to implement or utilize the MIT APIs.

Jeffrey Altman



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From kitten-bounces@lists.ietf.org Thu Apr 21 17:00:14 2005
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Subject: Re: CIFS and the krb5 PRF
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On Thursday 21 April 2005 12:38, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> KITTEN is not charatered to design a raw krb5 mechanism and associated
> mechanism-specific GSS extensions. =A0Generic GSS extensions, OTOH, do
> fall under its charter.
>=20
> There's no need to burden the KITTEN list subscribers with talk of a
> GSS-based API for raw krb5, at least not yet.
>=20
> None of which means that a raw krb5 API based on the GSS-API couldn't be
> documented in IETF RFCs. =A0All we need is a forum with the right
> participants, and I do believe that this is pretty close to being the
> right forum.
>
> this =3D=3D krbdev

Ok.  As a *mechanism-specific GSS extension* moving the discussion to a new=
=20
forum makes sense. (I assume the discussion falls outside the scope of=20
ietf-krb-wg charter?) =20

Thanks for the clarification it wasn't clear in the thread (at least me) th=
at =20
movement to krbdev was targeted toward the recommendation of a Generic GSS=
=20
extension that addressed the CIFS requirement.=20

Will watch the thread on krbdev.  Thanks.

=2D-
Matt

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On Thu, Apr 21, 2005 at 02:54:22PM -0600, Matt Peterson wrote:
> Ok.  As a *mechanism-specific GSS extension* moving the discussion to a new 
> forum makes sense. (I assume the discussion falls outside the scope of 
> ietf-krb-wg charter?)  

Well, you can read the KRB WG's charter yourself and see :), and though
I haven't just looked at it, I'm pretty sure that such work would,
indeed, not be in scope for that WG.

WG charters are not written in stone though, and can be changed.  But I
think it will be much more productive to proceed with this particular
work in krbdev for a while and then pop back up at the IETF, either
using individual submissions, a new WG, re-chartering an existing WG --
whatever.

Nico
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From kitten-bounces@lists.ietf.org Wed Apr 27 11:11:10 2005
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Subject: WGLC Reminder: GSS PRF and GSS KRB5 PRF drafts
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Folks.   This is a reminder that the working group last call on the PRF
drafts is scheduled to end tomorrow.   There has up to this point been
very little discussion of the content of the drafts and the proposed
changes that Nico posted to the list on April 18th.

I would appreciate it if folks would review the documents as PRF is
crucial to several application protocols which are looking to implement
GSS-based security.

For a reminder here is a copy of the announcement text:

Today begins a Working Group Last Call on the working group
drafts:

 * draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt
 * draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt

There are known issues related to ID-Nits failures which will
be addressed at the end of the working group last call period
prior to submission to the IESG.

* draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf-02.txt:

  - The IANA Considerations section is missing

  - The boilerplate must be updated to RFC 3978

  - The IPR disclosure must be in conformance with BCP 79.

* draft-ietf-kitten-krb5-gssapi-prf-02.txt:

  - The Introductions section is missing

  - The IANA Considerations section is missing

  - The boilerplate must be updated to RFC 3978

  - The IPR disclosure must be in conformance with BCP 79.

In addition, there are two issues which must be addressed
for there to be a successful completion of the WGLC.

(1) Language Bindings for Java and C# should be provided as part
    of draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-prf

(2) Appropriate text specifying how the key usage for the Krb5
    PRF function will be determined must be added.

This WGLC will end on April 28, 2005.

Jeffrey Altman



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_______________________________________________
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From kitten-bounces@lists.ietf.org Thu Apr 28 09:07:08 2005
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Message-ID: <4270E08A.2040802@columbia.edu>
Date: Thu, 28 Apr 2005 09:09:30 -0400
From: Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
Organization: No Longer Affiliated with Columbia University in the City of
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Subject: Extended One Week: WGLC GSS PRF and GSS KRB5 PRF drafts
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The working group last call on the two PRF related documents is being
extended until Thursday May 5th.  Yesterday there was extensive off-list
discussion on the drafts among Nico Williams, Ken Raeburn, Tom Yu, and
Jeffrey Hutzelman.  Nico has agreed to post new versions of the drafts
to a web site and summarize for the list the discussions in order that
consensus can be reached on the changes prior to submission to the
Internet-Drafts editor.

I look forward to the rest of the working group being able to review
the work.

Jeffrey Altman



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Date: Thu, 28 Apr 2005 16:01:25 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
To: Jeffrey Altman <jaltman@columbia.edu>
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Subject: Updated I-Ds location Re: Extended One Week: WGLC GSS PRF and GSS
	KRB5 PRF drafts
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On Thu, Apr 28, 2005 at 09:09:30AM -0400, Jeffrey Altman wrote:
> The working group last call on the two PRF related documents is being
> extended until Thursday May 5th.  Yesterday there was extensive off-list
> discussion on the drafts among Nico Williams, Ken Raeburn, Tom Yu, and
> Jeffrey Hutzelman.  Nico has agreed to post new versions of the drafts
> to a web site and summarize for the list the discussions in order that
> consensus can be reached on the changes prior to submission to the
> Internet-Drafts editor.

http://blogs.sun.com/roller/resources/nico/kitten-gss-prf-03.txt
http://blogs.sun.com/roller/resources/nico/kitten-krb5-gss-prf-03.txt

I'll generate some cleaned up diff output and post it.

Changes include:

 - I-D nits, typo fixes

 - addition of 'prf_key' key identifier to GSS_Pseudo_random(), to
   support a PROT_READY-like feature and generic key identifier
   constants, GSS_C_PRF_KEY_DEFAULT and GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL

 - cleaned up text on minimum and minimum maximum input and output data
   sizes that must be supported

> I look forward to the rest of the working group being able to review
> the work.

Me too.

Nico
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Date: Thu, 28 Apr 2005 17:52:45 -0500
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On Thu, Apr 28, 2005 at 04:01:25PM -0500, Nicolas Williams wrote:
> http://blogs.sun.com/roller/resources/nico/kitten-gss-prf-03.txt
> http://blogs.sun.com/roller/resources/nico/kitten-krb5-gss-prf-03.txt
> 
> I'll generate some cleaned up diff output and post it.

http://blogs.sun.com/roller/resources/nico/kitten-gss-prf.02_03.diffs
http://blogs.sun.com/roller/resources/nico/kitten-krb5-gss-prf.02_03.diffs

Nico
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