
From canetti@post.tau.ac.il  Wed Apr  1 02:19:11 2009
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   *I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
   *ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
   *IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
   *security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
   *these comments just like any other last call comments.


This is a very short document. It describes a more generic way of 
formatting the API for channel bindings. The move to a more generic format 
is welcome. One potential objection here, however, is to the requirement 
that compliant implementations MUST interpret the API as having the new 
format. This may have backwards compatibility issues, and for no apparent 
good reason. It might be better to specify the format so that an 
implementation will be able to take also older API formats.
(Since this is not an interoperability or security-sensitive issue, there 
seems to be no reason for the IETF to MANDATE one way over another.)

Best,
Ran



From jhutz@cmu.edu  Wed Apr  1 07:14:21 2009
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Date: Wed, 01 Apr 2009 10:15:08 -0400
From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
To: canetti <canetti@post.tau.ac.il>, secdir@mit.edu, kitten@ietf.org, Ran Canetti <canetti@csail.mit.edu>
Subject: Re: [secdir] Security review	of	draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-channel-bindings-06
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--On Wednesday, April 01, 2009 12:20:06 PM +0300 canetti 
<canetti@post.tau.ac.il> wrote:

>
>
>
>    *I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
>    *ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
>    *IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
>    *security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
>    *these comments just like any other last call comments.
>
>
> This is a very short document. It describes a more generic way of
> formatting the API for channel bindings. The move to a more generic
> format  is welcome. One potential objection here, however, is to the
> requirement  that compliant implementations MUST interpret the API as
> having the new  format. This may have backwards compatibility issues, and
> for no apparent  good reason. It might be better to specify the format so
> that an  implementation will be able to take also older API formats.
> (Since this is not an interoperability or security-sensitive issue, there
> seems to be no reason for the IETF to MANDATE one way over another.)

Since it's the only one that applies to implementatios, I assume you're 
referring to the requirement that, when bindings of the GSS-API to a 
particular programming language model channel bindings as octet strings, 
the input be treated as corresponding only to the application-data portion 
of the channel bindings structure rather than some (unspecified) encoding 
of the channel bindings structure.

This requirement is needed for interoperability.  GSS-API mechanisms 
supporting channel bindings are responsible for checking that the channel 
bindings claimed by the initiator and acceptor are the same, and failing 
the authentication process otherwise.  This is typically done by 
transferring an integrity-protected copy of the channel bindings data or a 
hash thereof.  Naturally, for this to work it is important that when the 
channel bindings are actually the same, so are the data strings used by the 
mechanism implementations at both ends.  More generally, it is important 
that for any given set of channel binding data, the data string used to 
represent that data by any given mechanism always be the same.

This is accomplished at three layers...

- By defining abstract interfaces between GSS-API applications and the
  GSS-API framework or mechanism, including what information about channel
  bindings must be passed down.  This is done in RFC2743, updated and
  clarified by the present document.

- By defining concrete bindings to the abstract interfaces in various
  specific programming languages.  This is done in RFC2744 for C, and
  by RFC2853 (to be updated by a current KITTEN document) for Java.

- By defining, for each mechanism, the procedure for transforming the
  abstract channel binding information into a particular octet string
  used to verify channel bindings on the wire.


What the present requirement is about is insuring that, when the concrete 
bindings for a particular language provide only for a single octet string 
rather than for all of the elements in the GSS-CHANNEL-BINDINGS structure, 
the interpretation of that octet string is consistent from one 
implementation to the next.


Note that this is not a change to the API; it is a clarification which 
improves interoperability by requiring all implementations of an ambiguous 
API to resolve the ambiguity in the same way.

-- Jeff

From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com  Wed Apr  1 14:51:30 2009
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From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
To: canetti <canetti@post.tau.ac.il>
Subject: Re: Security review of  draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-channel-bindings-06
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On Wed, Apr 01, 2009 at 12:20:06PM +0300, canetti wrote:
>   *I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
>   *ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
>   *IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
>   *security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
>   *these comments just like any other last call comments.

Thanks!

I know that Jeff has already answered this...

> This is a very short document. It describes a more generic way of
> formatting the API for channel bindings. The move to a more generic
> format is welcome. One potential objection here, however, is to the
> requirement that compliant implementations MUST interpret the API as
> having the new format. This may have backwards compatibility issues,
> and for no apparent good reason. It might be better to specify the
> format so that an implementation will be able to take also older API
> formats.  (Since this is not an interoperability or security-sensitive
> issue, there seems to be no reason for the IETF to MANDATE one way
> over another.)

Let's pick a programming language, say, Python, and suppose that the
Python bindings of the GSS-API followed RFC2743 with regards to channel
binding.

An implementation of those bindings AND of the Kerberos V
GSS-API mechanism (RFCs 1964 and 4121) would have to decide how to map
the RFC2743 "OCTET STRING" channel binding input to the mechanism's
channel binding (which is defined in terms of RFC2744's
gss_channel_bindings_struct C struct rather than "OCTET STRING").  Two
implementations of such bindings would fail to interop when using
channel bindings if the implementors decided this matter differently.

Worse, suppose that you had a Python bindings implementation that mapped
the RFC2743 OCTET STRING channel binding input to then initiator_address
field of the RFC2744 gss_channel_bindings_struct C struct.  Then you
could not interop with C implementations of the same application
protocol when using channel binding[*].

IMO the only reasonable decision for the implementors would be to map
the RFC2743 OCTET STRING channel binding input to the RFC2744
application_data field of gss_channel_bindings_struct.  And indeed, this
may require changing some of the putative implementations of the
putative Python bindings of the GSS-API.  I don't see any alternatives.

[*] Only RFC2744 application_data makes sense for channel binding
    nowadays.  Use of network addresses for channel binding was long ago
    abandoned -- think of NATs :( -- and anyways, channel binding
    to cryptographically secure channels makes much sense, while channel
    binding to network addresses does not make much sense at all.

Nico
-- 

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Kitten (GSS-API Next Generation) Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Namespace Considerations and Registries for GSS-API Extensions
	Author(s)       : N. Williams
	Filename        : draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-extensions-iana-06.txt
	Pages           : 10
	Date            : 2009-04-01

This document describes the ways in which the GSS-API may be extended
and directs the creation of an IANA registry for various GSS-API
namespaces.

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Kitten (GSS-API Next Generation) Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Extended Generic Security Service Mechanism Inquiry APIs
	Author(s)       : N. Williams
	Filename        : draft-ietf-kitten-extended-mech-inquiry-06.txt
	Pages           : 13
	Date            : 2009-04-01

This document introduces new application programming interfaces
(APIs) to the Generic Security Services API (GSS-API) for extended
mechanism attribute inquiry.  These interfaces are primarily intended
to reduce instances of hardcoding of mechanism identifiers in GSS
applications.

These interfaces include: mechanism attributes and attribute sets, a
function for inquiring the attributes of a mechanism, a function for
indicating mechanisms that posses given attributes, and a function
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From canetti@post.tau.ac.il  Sat Apr  4 07:36:19 2009
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Thanks Jeff and Nico for the tutorial. The current specification does seem 
very reasonable.

Best,
Ran

Nicolas Williams wrote:
> On Wed, Apr 01, 2009 at 12:20:06PM +0300, canetti wrote:
>>   *I have reviewed this document as part of the security directorate's
>>   *ongoing effort to review all IETF documents being processed by the
>>   *IESG.  These comments were written primarily for the benefit of the
>>   *security area directors.  Document editors and WG chairs should treat
>>   *these comments just like any other last call comments.
> 
> Thanks!
> 
> I know that Jeff has already answered this...
> 
>> This is a very short document. It describes a more generic way of
>> formatting the API for channel bindings. The move to a more generic
>> format is welcome. One potential objection here, however, is to the
>> requirement that compliant implementations MUST interpret the API as
>> having the new format. This may have backwards compatibility issues,
>> and for no apparent good reason. It might be better to specify the
>> format so that an implementation will be able to take also older API
>> formats.  (Since this is not an interoperability or security-sensitive
>> issue, there seems to be no reason for the IETF to MANDATE one way
>> over another.)
> 
> Let's pick a programming language, say, Python, and suppose that the
> Python bindings of the GSS-API followed RFC2743 with regards to channel
> binding.
> 
> An implementation of those bindings AND of the Kerberos V
> GSS-API mechanism (RFCs 1964 and 4121) would have to decide how to map
> the RFC2743 "OCTET STRING" channel binding input to the mechanism's
> channel binding (which is defined in terms of RFC2744's
> gss_channel_bindings_struct C struct rather than "OCTET STRING").  Two
> implementations of such bindings would fail to interop when using
> channel bindings if the implementors decided this matter differently.
> 
> Worse, suppose that you had a Python bindings implementation that mapped
> the RFC2743 OCTET STRING channel binding input to then initiator_address
> field of the RFC2744 gss_channel_bindings_struct C struct.  Then you
> could not interop with C implementations of the same application
> protocol when using channel binding[*].
> 
> IMO the only reasonable decision for the implementors would be to map
> the RFC2743 OCTET STRING channel binding input to the RFC2744
> application_data field of gss_channel_bindings_struct.  And indeed, this
> may require changing some of the putative implementations of the
> putative Python bindings of the GSS-API.  I don't see any alternatives.
> 
> [*] Only RFC2744 application_data makes sense for channel binding
>     nowadays.  Use of network addresses for channel binding was long ago
>     abandoned -- think of NATs :( -- and anyways, channel binding
>     to cryptographically secure channels makes much sense, while channel
>     binding to network addresses does not make much sense at all.
> 
> Nico

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Kitten (GSS-API Next Generation) Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Clarifications and Extensions to the GSS-API for the Use of Channel Bindings
	Author(s)       : N. Williams
	Filename        : draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-channel-bindings-07.txt
	Pages           : 11
	Date            : 2009-04-06

This document clarifies and generalizes the Generic Security Services
Application Programming Interface (GSS-API) "channel bindings"
facility, and imposes requirements on future GSS-API mechanisms and
programming language bindings of the GSS-API.

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From Josh.Howlett@ja.net  Thu Apr  9 01:28:50 2009
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Subject: Key usage values
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 09:29:47 +0100
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Section 2 of RFC 4121 defines four key usage values for naming specific
keys for signing and sealing.

Section 2 of RFC 3961 states that '[n]ew protocols defined in terms of
the Kerberos encryption and checksum types should use their own key
usage values.'

I infer from this that the key usage values defined in RFC 4121 can only
be used with that mechanism, and that newly defined mechanisms that also
use the Kerberos encryption and checksum crypto should define new usage
values.

Is that the correct interpretation?

If so, could someone kindly explain why this is necessary, and why it
isn't permitted to simply re-use the values defined for the K5 mechanism
if a new mechanism is re-using RFC3961 crypto?

Many thanks, josh.


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From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com  Thu Apr  9 09:22:54 2009
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Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 11:14:35 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
To: Josh Howlett <Josh.Howlett@ja.net>
Subject: Re: Key usage values
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On Thu, Apr 09, 2009 at 09:29:47AM +0100, Josh Howlett wrote:
> Section 2 of RFC 4121 defines four key usage values for naming specific
> keys for signing and sealing.
> 
> Section 2 of RFC 3961 states that '[n]ew protocols defined in terms of
> the Kerberos encryption and checksum types should use their own key
> usage values.'
> 
> I infer from this that the key usage values defined in RFC 4121 can only
> be used with that mechanism, and that newly defined mechanisms that also
> use the Kerberos encryption and checksum crypto should define new usage
> values.
> 
> Is that the correct interpretation?

RFC4121 is a new protocol relative to RFC3961, but new GSS-API
mechanisms that re-use parts of RFC4121 wouldn't necessarily be new
protocols relative to RFC3961.

Also, that "should" is lower-cased, and even if it were up-cased it
would still only be a SHOULD.  Provided that you make sure that cut-n-
paste attacks aren't possible, then I think it would be reasonable to
say that it's so much easier to promote re-use of parts of RFC4121 if no
new key usages are required that protocols based on RFC4121 shouldn't
have to use different key usages.

Suppose you create a new GSS-API mechanism based on RFC4121, so much so
that if an attacker were to change the mechanism OID in the RFC2743
header the result could be accepted anyways, but with a loss of security
because the difference in security semantics somehow resides in the OID
of the mechanism used.  Then you have a problem.

Nico
-- 

From jhutz@cmu.edu  Thu Apr  9 09:35:30 2009
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From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
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--On Thursday, April 09, 2009 11:14:35 AM -0500 Nicolas Williams 
<Nicolas.Williams@sun.com> wrote:

> On Thu, Apr 09, 2009 at 09:29:47AM +0100, Josh Howlett wrote:
>> Section 2 of RFC 4121 defines four key usage values for naming specific
>> keys for signing and sealing.
>>
>> Section 2 of RFC 3961 states that '[n]ew protocols defined in terms of
>> the Kerberos encryption and checksum types should use their own key
>> usage values.'
>>
>> I infer from this that the key usage values defined in RFC 4121 can only
>> be used with that mechanism, and that newly defined mechanisms that also
>> use the Kerberos encryption and checksum crypto should define new usage
>> values.
>>
>> Is that the correct interpretation?
>
> RFC4121 is a new protocol relative to RFC3961, but new GSS-API
> mechanisms that re-use parts of RFC4121 wouldn't necessarily be new
> protocols relative to RFC3961.
>
> Also, that "should" is lower-cased, and even if it were up-cased it
> would still only be a SHOULD.  Provided that you make sure that cut-n-
> paste attacks aren't possible, then I think it would be reasonable to
> say that it's so much easier to promote re-use of parts of RFC4121 if no
> new key usages are required that protocols based on RFC4121 shouldn't
> have to use different key usages.

What's important is that the same key doesn't get reused with the same key 
usage for different things, in such a way that data encrypted in one place 
could usefully be copied and pasted to another.  A new GSS-API mechanism 
which reuses the per-message tokens from RFC4121 but uses a key other than 
a Kerberos ticket session key should not have a problem.  In fact, IMHO 
such a mechanism _should_ use the same key usage values, rather than 
creating confusion by reusing the RFC4121 messages with minor differences.

-- Jeff

From Josh.Howlett@ja.net  Thu Apr  9 09:36:19 2009
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> Suppose you create a new GSS-API mechanism based on RFC4121,=20
> so much so that if an attacker were to change the mechanism=20
> OID in the RFC2743 header the result could be accepted=20
> anyways, but with a loss of security because the difference=20
> in security semantics somehow resides in the OID of the=20
> mechanism used.  Then you have a problem.

Interesting; I'll be mindful of that - thank you.

josh.

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From Josh.Howlett@ja.net  Thu Apr  9 09:47:06 2009
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Subject: RE: Key usage values
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2009 17:47:09 +0100
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From: "Josh Howlett" <Josh.Howlett@ja.net>
To: "Jeffrey Hutzelman" <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Cc: kitten@ietf.org, Josh Howlett <Josh.Howlett@ja.net>
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> What's important is that the same key doesn't get reused with=20
> the same key usage for different things, in such a way that=20
> data encrypted in one place could usefully be copied and=20
> pasted to another.  A new GSS-API mechanism which reuses the=20
> per-message tokens from RFC4121 but uses a key other than a=20
> Kerberos ticket session key should not have a problem.  In=20
> fact, IMHO such a mechanism _should_ use the same key usage=20
> values, rather than creating confusion by reusing the RFC4121=20
> messages with minor differences.

That's what I intuited initially, but the text in RFC 3961 ('[n]ew
protocols defined in terms of the Kerberos encryption and checksum types
should use their own key usage values.') gave me cause for doubt.

I'll proceed as you suggest.

Many thanks, josh.

JANET(UK) is a trading name of The JNT Association, a company limited
by guarantee which is registered in England under No. 2881024=20
and whose Registered Office is at Lumen House, Library Avenue,
Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire. OX11 0SG


From Nicolas.Williams@sun.com  Fri Apr 10 15:14:54 2009
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Date: Fri, 10 Apr 2009 17:06:39 -0500
From: Nicolas Williams <Nicolas.Williams@sun.com>
To: tls@ietf.org
Subject: Optimizing use of SASL/GS2 over TLS
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[Note: SASL and KITTEN WGs are Bcc'ed.]

I've submitted an I-D describing how to reduce the number of round trips
needed for SASL/GS2 mechanism negotiation and authentication when
running over TLS:

    draft-williams-tls-app-sasl-opt-01.txt

This can be seen as a variant of the TLS/GSS proposal from a while back
as it achieves the same result: you can use the GSS-API for
authentication _and_ TLS for session protection without having to pay a
round trip penalty.  But it does it in a slightly different and simpler
way.

I'm hoping this proposal will be less controversial than the TLS/GSS
proposal.

Comments?

Nico
-- 

From wwwrun@core3.amsl.com  Mon Apr 13 10:47:19 2009
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Subject: Protocol Action: 'Clarifications and Extensions to the  GSS-API for the Use of Channel Bindings' to Proposed Standard 
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The IESG has approved the following document:

- 'Clarifications and Extensions to the GSS-API for the Use of Channel 
   Bindings '
   <draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-channel-bindings-07.txt> as a Proposed Standard

This document is the product of the Kitten (GSS-API Next Generation) 
Working Group. 

The IESG contact persons are Tim Polk and Pasi Eronen.

A URL of this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-channel-bindings-07.txt

Technical Summary

   This document clarifies and generalizes the Generic Security
   Services Application Programming Interface (GSS-API) "channel
   bindings" facility, and imposes requirements on future GSS-API
   mechanisms and programming language bindings of the GSS-API.

Working Group Summary

   This document is a product of the kitten working group.  The
   working group discussions were uneventful.

Document Quality

   There are no current implementations that we are aware of.  However,
   with the recent publication on channel binding usage, RFC5056, it is
   expected that this guidance will help foster such interest with
vendors.

Personnel

   Shawn M. Emery <Shawn.Emery@Sun.COM> is the document
   shepherd for this document.  Tim Polk has reviewed this document
   for the IESG.


From Shawn.Emery@Sun.COM  Mon Apr 20 23:29:27 2009
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Date: Tue, 21 Apr 2009 00:29:40 -0600
From: Shawn M Emery <Shawn.Emery@Sun.COM>
Subject: IETF 74: Kitten WG Minutes
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We've uploaded the Kitten WG minutes from the session at the 74th IETF:

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/09mar/minutes/kitten.txt

Please provide any comments/questions by this Friday (4/24).

Alexey & Shawn, Co-chairs
--
