
From hartmans@mit.edu  Tue Mar  1 14:33:34 2011
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From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
To: kitten@ietf.org
Date: Tue, 01 Mar 2011 17:34:27 -0500
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Subject: [kitten] What does it take to send naming extensions forward
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I haven't seen a lot of comments on the new versions of naming
extensions  that Leif posted.
I'd like to see this move forward.
Can we start a new last call for this either at the WG or IETF level as
appropriate?

From cantor.2@osu.edu  Tue Mar  1 17:34:22 2011
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From: "Cantor, Scott E." <cantor.2@osu.edu>
To: "kitten@ietf.org" <kitten@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Updated SAML-EC draft
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I've revised my SAML-EC mechanism proposal:

https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-cantor-ietf-kitten-saml-ec/

The -01 version updates the underlying ECP profile reference to a new
draft version of this profile that is progressing at OASIS. The new
version of the profile adds channel binding (at the SAML layer) and
"holder-of-key" support as optional add-ons.

(HoK, for the SAML-oblivious, is the term of art in SAML for binding
assertion flows to cryptographic proof keys instead of using bearer
tokens.)

I think that the channel binding material, which is based on a long thread
between myself and Nico Williams last year, is sound *at the SAML layer*.
However, I'm fairly certain it needs to be modified or possibly just
duplicated for proper integration at the GSS-API mechanism layer, but I
will need some help from domain experts to make that happen. I can outline
how the SAML-based CB support works in Prague, it's fairly simple to
explain.

-- Scott


From shawn.emery@oracle.com  Wed Mar  2 00:00:52 2011
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I think there is sufficient changes in the 09 version of the draft to 
warrant another WGLC.

Shawn, kitten WG chair
--
On 03/ 1/11 03:34 PM, Sam Hartman wrote:
>
> I haven't seen a lot of comments on the new versions of naming
> extensions  that Leif posted.
> I'd like to see this move forward.
> Can we start a new last call for this either at the WG or IETF level as
> appropriate?
> _______________________________________________
> Kitten mailing list
> Kitten@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten
>


From shawn.emery@oracle.com  Wed Mar  2 00:05:29 2011
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Subject: [kitten] WGLC on draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts-09
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This message officially starts the 2nd Kitten Working Group Last Call 
for the following document:

GSS-API Naming Extensions
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts-09

The Working Group Last Call for this document starts today on Wednesday, 
March 2nd and will end on Wednesday, March 16th.

Please send any comments to the Kitten mailing list or directly to the 
chairs.  Feed-back from reviews that found no issues are also welcome.

Thank you,

Shawn Emery, Kitten WG chair
--

From simon@josefsson.org  Wed Mar  2 02:39:00 2011
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In-Reply-To: <4D6DFA7C.1080401__858.060739892785$1299053205$gmane$org@oracle.com> (Shawn Emery's message of "Wed, 02 Mar 2011 01:06:20 -0700")
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Subject: Re: [kitten] WGLC on draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts-09
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I believe this document needs more work on the API descriptions and it
is not ready for publication.  I started a review with details below,
but stopped when I had found too many problems.

Section 7.1:

   o  name NAME,

Should be INTERNAL NAME?

   o  display_name STRING

Should be OCTET STRING?  Further, it should specify memory allocation
considerations like RFC 2743 does.  I suggest:

   o  display_name OCTET STRING, -- caller must release
   -- with GSS_Release_buffer()

Section 7.1.1 is just a sketch, compare with how RFC 2744 is written.
Also, the C function name should be lower-cased.

Section 7.2:

   o  name NAME

Should be INTERNAL NAME again?

Memory de-allocation considerations should be added for the NM_MECH and
ATTRS variables, compare how RFC 2743 is written.

   This function outputs the set (represented as a NULL terminated array
   of gss_buffer_t) of attributes of a name.

I don't see how this works -- gss_buffer_t is a C-language specific
construct and the size of the types involved may differ depending on
architecture.  You want to use a language independent format here.

   The gss_buffer_set_t type and associated API is defined in [GFD.024]

This is a normative reference, so it would help if there were a URL to
the stable document in the reference section.  Right now I don't know
how to find the latest version of the document.  I believe it is
important to review that document in the IETF.  The use of C language
constructs at the abstract GSS-API level seems confusing to me, and I
wonder if it is fully baked.

Section 7.2.1:

     int                           name_is_MN,

You can't return values in C with a prameter like that, add a '*'.

The section needs more text, compare RFC 2744.

/Simon

From wmills@yahoo-inc.com  Wed Mar  2 13:08:48 2011
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--_000_FFDFD7371D517847AD71FBB08F9A3156384CFDCC64SP2EX07VS06ds_
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For Channel Binding I have a few questions:

In the standard mechanism (non-CB) is defense against downgrade attacks req=
uired? (I think this is a yes).

Is it OK to put the downgrade defense in the same message that auth credent=
ials would go in, or is it required that the CB negotiation/messaging happe=
n first before any credentials are transmitted?

Would it be reasonable in the context of the OAUTH mechanism to overload th=
e channel binding message into the HTTP Authorization header?  For this I'd=
 probably define an Authorization scheme for this.

Another alternative in the context of the tunneled HTTP that the OAUTH mech=
anism is becoming is to define a pseudo location /channel-binding and have =
a client that supports channel binding send that request first.  The use of=
 HTTP style here is simply to fall back on a single, well understood,  mess=
age format.

Thanks,

-bill

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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>For Channel Binding I have a few questions:<o:p></o:p>=
</p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>In the standard mechanism (non-CB) is defense against =
downgrade
attacks required? (I think this is a yes).<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Is it OK to put the downgrade defense in the same mess=
age
that auth credentials would go in, or is it required that the CB
negotiation/messaging happen first before any credentials are transmitted?<=
o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Would it be reasonable in the context of the OAUTH mec=
hanism
to overload the channel binding message into the HTTP Authorization header?=
&nbsp;
For this I&#8217;d probably define an Authorization scheme for this.&nbsp; =
<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Another alternative in the context of the tunneled HTT=
P that
the OAUTH mechanism is becoming is to define a pseudo location /channel-bin=
ding
and have a client that supports channel binding send that request first.&nb=
sp;
The use of HTTP style here is simply to fall back on a single, well underst=
ood,
&nbsp;message format.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>-bill<o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

--_000_FFDFD7371D517847AD71FBB08F9A3156384CFDCC64SP2EX07VS06ds_--

From hartmans@mit.edu  Wed Mar  2 14:04:47 2011
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>>>>> "Simon" == Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org> writes:

    Simon> I believe this document needs more work on the API
    Simon> descriptions and it is not ready for publication.  I started
    Simon> a review with details below, but stopped when I had found too
    Simon> many problems.

Simon,  thanks for your feedback.
I spoke to Nico and we believe that you've made a good case for
reviewing section 7 of the draft prior to publication.
I'll see if we can get you a copy of the buffer set proposal.
If there is a good URI to include, I certainly would be happy to do
that.

Can I get you to take a look at http://www.ggf.org/documents/GFD.24.pdf
and see if that's the right API?
I believe it is.

From simon@josefsson.org  Fri Mar  4 06:44:43 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] WGLC on draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts-09
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Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu> writes:

> Can I get you to take a look at http://www.ggf.org/documents/GFD.24.pdf
> and see if that's the right API?
> I believe it is.

Thanks for the link.  That document says the latest version of it is
available from

https://forge.gridforum.org/projects/gsi-wg

but if following that link and navigating to the documents I find
draft-ggf-gss-extensions-12 linked from

https://forge.gridforum.org/sf/docman/do/listDocuments/projects.gsi-wg/docman.root

but that version looks somewhat different to the document above.

Two concerns:

1) draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts is referencing the C-specific
gss_buffer_set_t (I assume, it actually says gss_buffer_t but that looks
like a typo) in the abstract GSS-API function definition.  That looks
like a layer violation to me, similar to a problem clarified in 5554.

2) What parts of GFD.024 are intended to be normative?  It is a
normative reference from our document.  The PDF is marked as
experimental and it dates from 2004.  It hasn't gone through any IETF
review.  I would prefer it the normative and relevant parts of it could
be extracted and submitted and published through the IETF, so we have a
stable reference.  It looks like the document could use some
improvements as well -- for example, there is security considerations
that applies to the buffer set API.  Of course, the GGF needs to agree
to re-licensing the document.

/Simon

From wmills@yahoo-inc.com  Fri Mar  4 13:09:15 2011
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To: "kitten@ietf.org" <kitten@ietf.org>
Date: Fri, 4 Mar 2011 13:10:03 -0800
Thread-Topic: OAuth SASL mec hanism and Channel binding.
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There was some discussion about channel binding being a requirement for the=
 proposed OAuth SASL mechanism.   The mechanism as it stands does not have =
any message integrity guarantee.   As I understand channel binding it requi=
res message integrity guarantees to be provably correct, otherwise a MITM c=
ould simply alter the channel binding messages if that MITM is able to pars=
e down into the protocol.

Some of the auth schemes on the OAuth 2 framework are capable of message in=
tegrity, but not all.  It would be  possible to define channel binding for =
just those auth schemes.

Is removing channel binding from the OAuth mechanism a deal breaker?

Thanks,

-bill

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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>There was some discussion about channel binding being =
a
requirement for the proposed OAuth SASL mechanism.&nbsp;&nbsp; The mechanis=
m as
it stands does not have any message integrity guarantee.&nbsp; &nbsp;As I
understand channel binding it requires message integrity guarantees to be p=
rovably
correct, otherwise a MITM could simply alter the channel binding messages i=
f
that MITM is able to parse down into the protocol.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Some of the auth schemes on the OAuth 2 framework are
capable of message integrity, but not all.&nbsp; It would be &nbsp;possible=
 to
define channel binding for just those auth schemes.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Is removing channel binding from the OAuth mechanism a=
 deal
breaker?&nbsp; <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>-bill<o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

--_000_FFDFD7371D517847AD71FBB08F9A3156384CFDD261SP2EX07VS06ds_--

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Subject: [kitten] IETF 80 - Kitten Agenda
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Here is the draft agenda for the upcoming session in Prague:

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/80/agenda/kitten.txt

Please let us know if you would like to add items to the session by 
March 21st.

Shawn - kitten co-chair
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    <small><br>
      <font size="+1"><small> Here is the draft agenda for the upcoming
          session in Prague:</small></font><br>
      <font size="+1"><small> </small></font><br>
      <font size="+1"><small>
          <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/80/agenda/kitten.txt">http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/80/agenda/kitten.txt</a></small></font><br>
      <font size="+1"><small> </small></font><br>
      <font size="+1"><small> Please let us know if you would like to
          add items to the session by March 21st.</small></font><br>
      <font size="+1"><small> </small></font><br>
      <font size="+1"><small> Shawn - kitten co-chair</small></font><br>
      <font size="+1"><small> --</small></font></small><br>
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From shawn.emery@oracle.com  Tue Mar  8 22:59:43 2011
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Subject: [kitten] WGLC on draft-ietf-kitten-sasl-openid-01
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This message officially starts the Kitten Working Group Last Call for 
the following document:

A SASL & GSS-API Mechanism for OpenID
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-kitten-sasl-openid-01

The Working Group Last Call for this document starts today on Wednesday, 
March 9th and will end on Wednesday, March 30th.

Please send any comments to the Kitten mailing list or directly to the 
chairs.  Feed-back from reviews that found no issues are also welcome.

Thank you,

Shawn - kitten co-chair
--

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Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: [Technical Errata Reported] RFC5802 (2652)
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So to close the loop on this one:  I'm going to edit the errata to 
replace the text suggested by Jehan with the text suggested by Simon.

spt

On 1/20/11 4:52 AM, Simon Josefsson wrote:
> Jehan Pagès<jehan.marmottard@gmail.com>  writes:
>
>> After:
>> ----------------------------------
>> 9. Security Considerations
>>
>> <snip>
>>
>>     If an attacker obtains the authentication information from the
>>     authentication repository and either eavesdrops on one authentication
>>     exchange or impersonates a server, the attacker gains the ability to
>>     impersonate that user to all servers providing SCRAM access using the
>>     same hash function, password, iteration count, and salt.  For this
>>     reason, it is important to use randomly generated salt values.
>> -----------------------------------
>> Add the following paragraph:
>> -----------------------------------
>> Though an empty string is theoretically a perfectly valid random
>> value, as long as it has the same probability to be generated as any
>> other string, in practice this special case may weaken the salted
>> password. Consequently a server implementation should wisely check a
>> newly generated salt for not being empty, and generate it again if
>> necessary before any further step, whereas a client implementation
>> might refuse to authenticate when an empty salt is received.
>> -----------------------------------
>
> I think we should add something that implementations should have a
> minimum accepted salt length, for security reasons.  A 1 byte octet salt
> does not make sense.  I don't think we want to say that all strings
> should have the same probability to be generated -- an implementation
> that picks good random 15 character strings for salt is OK but there is
> 0 probability for that implementation to generate a 14 character string,
> so it would fail your language.
>
> I suggest to add a sentence after
>
>      If an attacker obtains the authentication information from the
>      authentication repository and either eavesdrops on one authentication
>      exchange or impersonates a server, the attacker gains the ability to
>      impersonate that user to all servers providing SCRAM access using the
>      same hash function, password, iteration count, and salt.  For this
>      reason, it is important to use randomly generated salt values.
>
> that says
>
>      Further, implementations are RECOMMENDED to reject salt values
>      shorter than 2 characters and MAY reject even longer salt values if
>      they are considered to be insufficient.  See [RFC4086] on generating
>      randomness.
>
> /Simon
> _______________________________________________
> Kitten mailing list
> Kitten@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten
>

From jehan.marmottard@gmail.com  Sun Mar 13 03:51:59 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: [Technical Errata Reported] RFC5802 (2652)
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Hi,

On Thu, Mar 10, 2011 at 12:08 AM, Sean Turner <turners@ieca.com> wrote:
> So to close the loop on this one: =A0I'm going to edit the errata to repl=
ace
> the text suggested by Jehan with the text suggested by Simon.

I would say I agree. :-)
Regards,

Jehan

> spt
>
> On 1/20/11 4:52 AM, Simon Josefsson wrote:
>>
>> Jehan Pag=E8s<jehan.marmottard@gmail.com> =A0writes:
>>
>>> After:
>>> ----------------------------------
>>> 9. Security Considerations
>>>
>>> <snip>
>>>
>>> =A0 =A0If an attacker obtains the authentication information from the
>>> =A0 =A0authentication repository and either eavesdrops on one authentic=
ation
>>> =A0 =A0exchange or impersonates a server, the attacker gains the abilit=
y to
>>> =A0 =A0impersonate that user to all servers providing SCRAM access usin=
g the
>>> =A0 =A0same hash function, password, iteration count, and salt. =A0For =
this
>>> =A0 =A0reason, it is important to use randomly generated salt values.
>>> -----------------------------------
>>> Add the following paragraph:
>>> -----------------------------------
>>> Though an empty string is theoretically a perfectly valid random
>>> value, as long as it has the same probability to be generated as any
>>> other string, in practice this special case may weaken the salted
>>> password. Consequently a server implementation should wisely check a
>>> newly generated salt for not being empty, and generate it again if
>>> necessary before any further step, whereas a client implementation
>>> might refuse to authenticate when an empty salt is received.
>>> -----------------------------------
>>
>> I think we should add something that implementations should have a
>> minimum accepted salt length, for security reasons. =A0A 1 byte octet sa=
lt
>> does not make sense. =A0I don't think we want to say that all strings
>> should have the same probability to be generated -- an implementation
>> that picks good random 15 character strings for salt is OK but there is
>> 0 probability for that implementation to generate a 14 character string,
>> so it would fail your language.
>>
>> I suggest to add a sentence after
>>
>> =A0 =A0 If an attacker obtains the authentication information from the
>> =A0 =A0 authentication repository and either eavesdrops on one authentic=
ation
>> =A0 =A0 exchange or impersonates a server, the attacker gains the abilit=
y to
>> =A0 =A0 impersonate that user to all servers providing SCRAM access usin=
g the
>> =A0 =A0 same hash function, password, iteration count, and salt. =A0For =
this
>> =A0 =A0 reason, it is important to use randomly generated salt values.
>>
>> that says
>>
>> =A0 =A0 Further, implementations are RECOMMENDED to reject salt values
>> =A0 =A0 shorter than 2 characters and MAY reject even longer salt values=
 if
>> =A0 =A0 they are considered to be insufficient. =A0See [RFC4086] on gene=
rating
>> =A0 =A0 randomness.
>>
>> /Simon
>> _______________________________________________
>> Kitten mailing list
>> Kitten@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten
>>
>

From jehan.marmottard@gmail.com  Sun Mar 13 04:48:46 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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Hi,

again I come after so long time. Sorry for the delay.

2011/1/20 Jehan Pag=E8s <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com>:
> Hi,
>
> On Tue, Dec 7, 2010 at 6:52 AM, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu> wrote:
>> --On Saturday, December 04, 2010 01:53:39 AM +0900 Jehan Pag=E8s
>> <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>>> I agree about this, but first we can fix this in SCRAM by removing the
>>> unknown-user error
>>
>> No. =A0Not reporting unknown-user is a policy preference, and one which =
the
>> protocol already permits. =A0You now propose to encode your policy prefe=
rence
>> into the protocol, thereby usurping the operator's authority to set poli=
cy.
>>
>> -- Jeff
>>
>
> This is why in the end, I was proposing not to modify the protocol but
> to make it a security note. I quote myself:

The other day, I was rereading through the RFC 4422 (SASL) and I saw
this line, section "3.6 Authentication Outcome". I don't know why it
did not hit me before:
=AB
   It is also
   important that the server can be configured such that the outcome
   message will not distinguish between a valid user with invalid
   credentials and an invalid user.
=BB

So that's basically exactly what I propose in SCRAM which, as a SASL
mechanism should then follow its directives! Currently in SCRAM we
drop a list of errors without any security directives on them. And one
of these errors simply tell that the user is invalid (unknown-user)! I
think it is worth to add the security directive for servers to be
configurable for showing or not this error (the finale decision then
later depending on the operator's choice, needs or policy
preferences).

> =AB
> So I think this would deserve a security note telling implementers
> they can implement this way to avoid data leak. I will try to make a
> proposition later.
> =BB
>
> Then it is up to the implementers and/or the configuration of the
> server, then to the operators (for instance during installation, you
> may like to test with more informative errors, then once in
> production, you switch on "secure" configuration not to give away
> username's information with errors).
> So at least as a security note, expose this concern, give
> alternatives, and leave implementers/operators decide how they wish to
> do and what they set as higher importance.
>
> Without a security note about this, everybody would probably implement
> it exactly as it is currently, then there will be no different "policy
> preferences" to choose from by the operator.
>
> I will come later with a text proposition exposing both logics and
> their respective advantages as discussed on this thread, then you can
> tell me.
> Thanks.

So here is my proposition:
in section 9. Security Considerations, add the following text:

=AB
As specified in [RFC4422] (section 3.6), "it is also important that
the server can be configured such that the outcome message will not
distinguish between a valid user with invalid credentials and an
invalid user", hence in particular that the error value "unknown-user"
may be easily replaced by "other-error" if required by an operator's
policy.

More generally a server should be configurable so that any error which
could lead to information disclosure can be replaced by "other-error".
=BB

And as an additional note now.
Actually when I re-re-read the RFC4422, it says clearly:

=AB
3.6. Authentication Outcome


At the conclusion of the authentication exchange, the server sends a
   message, the particulars of which are protocol specific, to the
   client indicating the outcome of the exchange.
   [...]
   The protocol may include an optional additional data field in this
   outcome message.  *This field can only include additional data when
   the outcome is successful.*
   [...]
   The outcome message provided by the server can provide a way for the
   client to distinguish between errors [...]
=BB

What I understand here is that the error should not be dealt on SASL
level but on the higher level protocol. For instance in XMPP, we
indeed give error on XMPP level only.
So I think the whole error list in SCRAM as additional data to be sent
on failed outcome is violating the SASL RFC.

If such an error is to be generated by the authentication module of
the server, it should be meant to be informational for the server
(which after does whatever it wants with it, like forwarding the error
if the protocol allows sending errors on outcome, filtering out
information-disclosure errors, and so on).

Hence I wonder if this list should not be removed from the Formal
Syntax (section 7) because it does not belong to the SASL exchange
itself (as forbidden by RFC4422) and moved to another section as error
information from an authentication module to a server.

And the security consideration I propose still holds here if the
server was to eventually forward this error.
Regards,

Jehan

From simon@josefsson.org  Sun Mar 13 05:02:46 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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Jehan Pagès <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com> writes:

>    The protocol may include an optional additional data field in this
>    outcome message.  *This field can only include additional data when
>    the outcome is successful.*

I believe you are right and that additional error codes aren't
permitted.

> Hence I wonder if this list should not be removed from the Formal
> Syntax (section 7) because it does not belong to the SASL exchange
> itself (as forbidden by RFC4422) and moved to another section as error
> information from an authentication module to a server.

My implementation (GNU SASL) never generates (or parse) error codes.
How do other SCRAM implementations behave?

I always thought of the error codes as an unnecessary complication of
the protocol, but since they are optional I have mentally just ignored
that part of the specification.  I wouldn't oppose removing them from
RFC 5802bis.

/Simon

From alexey.melnikov@isode.com  Sun Mar 13 09:22:41 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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Simon Josefsson wrote:

>Jehan Pag=E8s <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com> writes:
> =20
>
>>   The protocol may include an optional additional data field in this
>>   outcome message.  *This field can only include additional data when
>>   the outcome is successful.*
>>   =20
>>
>I believe you are right and that additional error codes aren't
>permitted.
> =20
>
>>Hence I wonder if this list should not be removed from the Formal
>>Syntax (section 7) because it does not belong to the SASL exchange
>>itself (as forbidden by RFC4422) and moved to another section as error
>>information from an authentication module to a server.
>>   =20
>>
>My implementation (GNU SASL) never generates (or parse) error codes.
>How do other SCRAM implementations behave?
> =20
>
My implementation doesn't do that either.
I think Nico wanted to have them for GSS-API implementations.

>I always thought of the error codes as an unnecessary complication of
>the protocol, but since they are optional I have mentally just ignored
>that part of the specification.  I wouldn't oppose removing them from
>RFC 5802bis.
>
I wouldn't be opposed to that either but I want to hear what Nico has to=20
say first.


From simon@josefsson.org  Mon Mar 14 10:28:42 2011
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I know this document has expired, but I don't recall if there were any
discussion or conclusion on it.  The APIs are implemented and deployed
in Heimdal and Shishi for some time now (years), and the calls are
useful for GS2 implementers.  Is there interest in moving this forward
in this WG?  I believe it makes sense to at least publish it as
informational because it is widely deployed.

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-josefsson-gss-capsulate-01

/Simon

From chris.newman@oracle.com  Mon Mar 14 14:02:54 2011
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Date: Mon, 14 Mar 2011 14:04:14 -0700
From: Chris Newman <chris.newman@oracle.com>
To: =?UTF-8?Q?Jehan_Pag=C3=A8s?= <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com>, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>, kitten@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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--On March 13, 2011 20:50:05 +0900 Jehan Pag=C3=A8s=20
<jehan.marmottard@gmail.com> wrote:
> =C2=AB
>    It is also
>    important that the server can be configured such that the outcome
>    message will not distinguish between a valid user with invalid
>    credentials and an invalid user.
> =C2=BB
>
> So that's basically exactly what I propose in SCRAM which, as a SASL
> mechanism should then follow its directives! Currently in SCRAM we
> drop a list of errors without any security directives on them.

Of course to implement SCRAM according to specification, one also has to=20
implement RFC 4422 so the above rule applies. Having the error as an option =

is not contradictory to the rule. I'm supportive of repeating the RFC 4422=20
security advice in SCRAM or making the reference to it clearer.

> =C2=AB
> 3.6. Authentication Outcome
>
>
> At the conclusion of the authentication exchange, the server sends a
>    message, the particulars of which are protocol specific, to the
>    client indicating the outcome of the exchange.
>    [...]
>    The protocol may include an optional additional data field in this
>    outcome message.  *This field can only include additional data when
>    the outcome is successful.*
>    [...]
>    The outcome message provided by the server can provide a way for the
>    client to distinguish between errors [...]
> =C2=BB
>
> What I understand here is that the error should not be dealt on SASL
> level but on the higher level protocol. For instance in XMPP, we
> indeed give error on XMPP level only.
> So I think the whole error list in SCRAM as additional data to be sent
> on failed outcome is violating the SASL RFC.

It's not an RFC violation (particularly due to the wording of 5.2-2b in RFC =

5802), one merely has to add an additional round-trip to the SASL exchange=20
in order to communicate the error information. If I implement the error=20
codes (and I might since I'm a big fan of additional diagnostics and the=20
application protocols that use SASL don't always have enough standardized=20
authentication diagnostics) then there will be an option to turn the extra=20
round trip off.

I'm not opposed to removing the SCRAM-layer errors in a revision,=20
particularly if they fail the multiple interoperable implementation test=20
(and there's a good chance they will since SCRAM clients may not handle the =

extra round-trip correctly if they've never been tested against a server to =

does it).

		- Chris


From hartmans@mit.edu  Tue Mar 15 05:07:01 2011
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To: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
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Date: Tue, 15 Mar 2011 08:07:41 -0400
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I was not aware of the existence of this draft before now.
It does seem like a good thing to standardize.

From jehan.marmottard@gmail.com  Tue Mar 15 11:32:18 2011
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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jehan_Pag=E8s?= <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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Hi,

On Tue, Mar 15, 2011 at 6:04 AM, Chris Newman <chris.newman@oracle.com> wro=
te:
> --On March 13, 2011 20:50:05 +0900 Jehan Pag=E8s <jehan.marmottard@gmail.=
com>
> wrote:
>>
>> =AB
>> =A0 It is also
>> =A0 important that the server can be configured such that the outcome
>> =A0 message will not distinguish between a valid user with invalid
>> =A0 credentials and an invalid user.
>> =BB
>>
>> So that's basically exactly what I propose in SCRAM which, as a SASL
>> mechanism should then follow its directives! Currently in SCRAM we
>> drop a list of errors without any security directives on them.
>
> Of course to implement SCRAM according to specification, one also has to
> implement RFC 4422 so the above rule applies. Having the error as an opti=
on
> is not contradictory to the rule. I'm supportive of repeating the RFC 442=
2
> security advice in SCRAM or making the reference to it clearer.

Good.

>> =AB
>> 3.6. Authentication Outcome
>>
>>
>> At the conclusion of the authentication exchange, the server sends a
>> =A0 message, the particulars of which are protocol specific, to the
>> =A0 client indicating the outcome of the exchange.
>> =A0 [...]
>> =A0 The protocol may include an optional additional data field in this
>> =A0 outcome message. =A0*This field can only include additional data whe=
n
>> =A0 the outcome is successful.*
>> =A0 [...]
>> =A0 The outcome message provided by the server can provide a way for the
>> =A0 client to distinguish between errors [...]
>> =BB
>>
>> What I understand here is that the error should not be dealt on SASL
>> level but on the higher level protocol. For instance in XMPP, we
>> indeed give error on XMPP level only.
>> So I think the whole error list in SCRAM as additional data to be sent
>> on failed outcome is violating the SASL RFC.
>
> It's not an RFC violation (particularly due to the wording of 5.2-2b in R=
FC
> 5802), one merely has to add an additional round-trip to the SASL exchang=
e
> in order to communicate the error information. If I implement the error
> codes (and I might since I'm a big fan of additional diagnostics and the
> application protocols that use SASL don't always have enough standardized
> authentication diagnostics) then there will be an option to turn the extr=
a
> round trip off.

As for my own, the more I read the SASL RFC, the more I become sure
this is a violation to RFC4422. What I understand from the SASL RFC is
that there is NO error code at the SASL level, but it says that there
can be at the higher protocol level. That's indeed what we do in XMPP
for instance:

<failure xmlns=3D'urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-sasl'>
        <not-authorized/>
</failure>

The error is an XML tag because it is at XMPP level (oppositely to a
SASL success's additional data which would be an a base64-encoded data
inside the tags, and when decoded, it will be whatever syntax the SASL
mechanism requires).

I think that's also why at least already 3 implementations (Alexey
Melnikov, Simon Josefsson and mine) don't implement them. Obviously we
first implemented SASL as a generic library and over this, we
implemented SCRAM. Then it is how I understood that there is simply
"no place" for errors in a SASL implementation written following the
RFC!

As I said, we can keep the error list, but I think it must be a list
of error that we propose for the protocol above to eventually send it
in its own syntax (with appropriate security warning about information
disclosure as we discussed first), but it cannot be part of the SASL
syntax.

That's how I read this all at least.

Jehan

> I'm not opposed to removing the SCRAM-layer errors in a revision,
> particularly if they fail the multiple interoperable implementation test
> (and there's a good chance they will since SCRAM clients may not handle t=
he
> extra round-trip correctly if they've never been tested against a server =
to
> does it).
>
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0- Chris
>
>

From chris.newman@oracle.com  Tue Mar 15 16:14:34 2011
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Date: Tue, 15 Mar 2011 16:15:48 -0700
From: Chris Newman <chris.newman@oracle.com>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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--On March 16, 2011 3:33:40 +0900 Jehan Pag=C3=A8s =
<jehan.marmottard@gmail.com>=20
wrote:
> As for my own, the more I read the SASL RFC, the more I become sure
> this is a violation to RFC4422.

Violation is far too strong a word. RFC 4422 reports primary errors in the=20
application protocol and not in the security mechanisms. This is obvious=20
from the design of the early SASL profiles and mechanisms. But there's=20
nothing in the specification forbidding additional diagnostics at the=20
mechanism layer and it would be a mistake for SASL to add such a=20
restriction as it would reduce the flexibility and adaptability of SASL.

Application protocols have limited diagnostics and it's certainly more=20
difficult to add a new helpful diagnostic to every application with a SASL=20
profile than it is to include additional diagnostics in a new SASL=20
mechanism.

> I think that's also why at least already 3 implementations (Alexey
> Melnikov, Simon Josefsson and mine) don't implement them. Obviously we
> first implemented SASL as a generic library and over this, we
> implemented SCRAM. Then it is how I understood that there is simply
> "no place" for errors in a SASL implementation written following the
> RFC!

A SASL mechanism is encapsulated as a bag of bits with arbitrary round=20
trips in an application profile. A mechanism can put anything it wants in=20
that bag of bits unless it's explicitly forbidden with a MUST NOT in RFC=20
4422.

> As I said, we can keep the error list, but I think it must be a list
> of error that we propose for the protocol above to eventually send it
> in its own syntax (with appropriate security warning about information
> disclosure as we discussed first), but it cannot be part of the SASL
> syntax.

Having a "best practice" document of authentication errors that most=20
application protocols should implement is something I'd find useful. I find =

the piecemeal approach to improving application error codes (RFC 5530, RFC=20
3206, RFC 3463) rather unsatisfactory. It would also be a cleaner design if =

all application protocols had the 20 or so most useful authentication=20
diagnostics. But they don't and I don't see volunteers to write specs to=20
update all of them. So having a way to provide ancillary diagnostics in a=20
mechanism for those profiles with too few authentication diagnostics seems=20
pragmatic to me.

I'm not sure any of the diagnostics in SCRAM are compelling so if they get=20
removed as part of interop testing for advancement to draft status, I don't =

care (the simplicity improvement is roughly equivalent to the diagnostic=20
benefit in my opinion). But I would strongly oppose altering SASL to forbid =

mechanism-layer diagnostics.

		- Chris


From sova+ietf@cesnet.cz  Sun Mar 20 08:46:01 2011
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	Hi.

	I have uploaded an initial sketch of yet another SASL mechanism
re-using external AA infrastructures. Do you think we might discuss it
in Prague?

	Regards
-- 
						Milan Sova
						sova+ietf@cesnet.cz

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A new version of I-D, draft-sova-sasl-exturi-00.txt has been successfully submitted by Milan Sova and posted to the IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-sova-sasl-exturi
Revision:	 00
Title:		 SASL External URI Mechanism
Creation_date:	 2011-03-07
WG ID:		 Independent Submission
Number_of_pages: 12

Abstract:
Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) is a framework for
providing authentication to connection-oriented protocols.  This memo
specifies a SASL mechanism leveraging an existing external
authentication infrastructure built for access control for URL-
identified resources.
                                                                                  


The IETF Secretariat.



--------------030306070306070802020609--

From alexey.melnikov@isode.com  Sun Mar 20 08:47:52 2011
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To: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] GSS-API additions?
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Hi Simon,

Simon Josefsson wrote:

>I know this document has expired, but I don't recall if there were any
>discussion or conclusion on it.  The APIs are implemented and deployed
>in Heimdal and Shishi for some time now (years), and the calls are
>useful for GS2 implementers.  Is there interest in moving this forward
>in this WG?  I believe it makes sense to at least publish it as
>informational because it is widely deployed.
>
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-josefsson-gss-capsulate-01
>
This is a fine document and I am happy to serve as the document shepherd 
for it.


From ghudson@mit.edu  Mon Mar 21 08:34:52 2011
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Subject: [kitten] Delayed credential resolution in GSSAPI
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GSSAPI has the concept of a default credential.  You can use it by
passing GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL to init/accept_sec_context, and you can
acquire a handle to one by passing GSS_C_NO_NAME to acquire_cred.

It is sometimes advantageous not to decide right away on an identity
for the default credential (or even for non-default credentials, but I
won't cover that case here).  When accepting, you might want to
determine the server identity based on the initiator tokens; this
behavior is sanctioned in RFC 2743 section 1.1.1.3.  When initiating,
you might have multiple identities available and might want to choose
one based on the target name or other information.

The GSSAPI allows callers to query the name of a credential.  For an
initiator cred, RFC 2744 section 5.5 mandates that the returned name
(if canonicalized to an MN) match the src_name seen by any acceptor.
For an acceptor cred, I'm not sure if RFC 2743 or 2744 lay down any
specific rules beyond that some name be returned.

My questions for the working group are these:

1. Suppose I implement delayed resolution for the default initiator
credential.  If the app inquires the name of the cred, my
understanding is that I should pick a default identity and constrain
the cred to only act as that identity.  (So, by asking the question in
advance of calling gss_init_sec_context, you may change the answer.)
Does that seem correct?

2. We already implement delayed resolution for the default acceptor
cred.  If the app inquires the name of the cred, we should determine a
name (currently we return GSS_C_NO_NAME, which is probably wrong).  Is
it enough that this name by *a* name which an initiator could use to
authenticate to the service, or should the credential also be
constrained to *only* accept tokens authenticating to that name?

From hartmans@mit.edu  Mon Mar 21 10:01:45 2011
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I'd prefer that we not spend more time on SASL mechanisms  that offer
neither security layers nor channel binding.
This particular approach does not seem promising for adding either.
So my preference is that if you want to go forward with this you do so
outside the IETF process.


From shawn.emery@oracle.com  Mon Mar 21 11:01:56 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] GSS-API additions?
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On 03/14/11 11:29 AM, Simon Josefsson wrote:
> I know this document has expired, but I don't recall if there were any
> discussion or conclusion on it.  The APIs are implemented and deployed
> in Heimdal and Shishi for some time now (years), and the calls are
> useful for GS2 implementers.  Is there interest in moving this forward
> in this WG?  I believe it makes sense to at least publish it as
> informational because it is widely deployed.
>
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-josefsson-gss-capsulate-01

The draft looks straight forward.  I've added this to the agenda:

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/80/agenda/kitten.txt

(to make a consensus call on whether we should adopt).

Shawn.
--

From prvs=106173b250=jaltman@secure-endpoints.com  Mon Mar 21 16:54:48 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] GSS-API additions?
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On 3/21/2011 2:03 PM, Shawn Emery wrote:
> On 03/14/11 11:29 AM, Simon Josefsson wrote:
>> I know this document has expired, but I don't recall if there were any=

>> discussion or conclusion on it.  The APIs are implemented and deployed=

>> in Heimdal and Shishi for some time now (years), and the calls are
>> useful for GS2 implementers.  Is there interest in moving this forward=

>> in this WG?  I believe it makes sense to at least publish it as
>> informational because it is widely deployed.
>>
>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-josefsson-gss-capsulate-01
>=20
> The draft looks straight forward.  I've added this to the agenda:
>=20
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/80/agenda/kitten.txt
>=20
> (to make a consensus call on whether we should adopt).
>=20
> Shawn.

As Simon indicates, the APIs are implemented and deployed.  The draft
should be republished and submitted for last call as an independent
submission.  I don't think it needs to be added to the agenda.

Just my two cents ...

Jeffrey Altman


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From lukeh@padl.com  Mon Mar 21 17:39:19 2011
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> As Simon indicates, the APIs are implemented and deployed.  The draft
> should be republished and submitted for last call as an independent
> submission.  I don't think it needs to be added to the agenda.

I've added an implementation of this to MIT Kerberos in the =
users/lhoward/moonshot-mechglue-fixes branch.

-- Luke=

From lukeh@padl.com  Mon Mar 21 18:44:34 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] GSS-API additions?
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On 22/03/2011, at 11:40 AM, Luke Howard wrote:

>> As Simon indicates, the APIs are implemented and deployed.  The draft
>> should be republished and submitted for last call as an independent
>> submission.  I don't think it needs to be added to the agenda.
>=20
> I've added an implementation of this to MIT Kerberos in the =
users/lhoward/moonshot-mechglue-fixes branch.

... and the Cyrus SASL GS2 implementation in the Moonshot GIT repository =
now uses draft-josefsson-gss-capsulate-01 APIs if present.

-- Luke=

From shawn.emery@oracle.com  Tue Mar 22 00:08:02 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] GSS-API additions?
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On 03/21/11 07:46 PM, Luke Howard wrote:
> On 22/03/2011, at 11:40 AM, Luke Howard wrote:
>>> As Simon indicates, the APIs are implemented and deployed.  The draft
>>> should be republished and submitted for last call as an independent
>>> submission.  I don't think it needs to be added to the agenda.
>> I've added an implementation of this to MIT Kerberos in the users/lhoward/moonshot-mechglue-fixes branch.
> ... and the Cyrus SASL GS2 implementation in the Moonshot GIT repository now uses draft-josefsson-gss-capsulate-01 APIs if present.

All good points for leaving as an individual submission.  Removing from 
the agenda.

Shawn.
--

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On Sun, Mar 13, 2011 at 11:22 AM, Alexey Melnikov
<alexey.melnikov@isode.com> wrote:
> Simon Josefsson wrote:
>> Jehan Pag=C3=A8s <jehan.marmottard@gmail.com> writes:
>>
>>>
>>> =C2=A0The protocol may include an optional additional data field in thi=
s
>>> =C2=A0outcome message. =C2=A0*This field can only include additional da=
ta when
>>> =C2=A0the outcome is successful.*
>>>
>>
>> I believe you are right and that additional error codes aren't
>> permitted.
>>
>>>
>>> Hence I wonder if this list should not be removed from the Formal
>>> Syntax (section 7) because it does not belong to the SASL exchange
>>> itself (as forbidden by RFC4422) and moved to another section as error
>>> information from an authentication module to a server.
>>>
>>
>> My implementation (GNU SASL) never generates (or parse) error codes.
>> How do other SCRAM implementations behave?
>>
>
> My implementation doesn't do that either.
> I think Nico wanted to have them for GSS-API implementations.

Highly informative errors are a security problem.  They are also a debug to=
ol.

I would prefer that by default implementations use only the most
generic error codes that convey the minimum absolutely necessary
information.  But they could/should be configurable to return more
informative error codes.  I would also prefer that implementations of
_applications_ send error messages instead of, say, simply closing a
connection (because in some protocols one may want to retry), but I'd
be fine with application implementations that just close the
connection.

That's a large range of permitted behavior.  I'm not at all opposed to
it, and, indeed, would be happy to see that explicitly allowed in the
erratum.

>> I always thought of the error codes as an unnecessary complication of
>> the protocol, but since they are optional I have mentally just ignored
>> that part of the specification. =C2=A0I wouldn't oppose removing them fr=
om
>> RFC 5802bis.
>>
> I wouldn't be opposed to that either but I want to hear what Nico has to =
say
> first.

For me they are entirely optional.  I would rather they stay.  Indeed,
we can't really remove them in an erratum -- we can only really add
guidance -- and I'm not willing to do the work of re-publishing this
RFC nor any update, not for this sort of issue.  Others might well be
willing to do that work though.

Nico
--

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Date: Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:44:16 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Chris Newman <chris.newman@oracle.com>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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2011/3/15 Chris Newman <chris.newman@oracle.com>:
> --On March 16, 2011 3:33:40 +0900 Jehan Pag=C3=A8s <jehan.marmottard@gmai=
l.com>
> wrote:
>>
>> As for my own, the more I read the SASL RFC, the more I become sure
>> this is a violation to RFC4422.
>
> Violation is far too strong a word. RFC 4422 reports primary errors in th=
e
> application protocol and not in the security mechanisms. This is obvious
> from the design of the early SASL profiles and mechanisms. But there's
> nothing in the specification forbidding additional diagnostics at the
> mechanism layer and it would be a mistake for SASL to add such a restrict=
ion
> as it would reduce the flexibility and adaptability of SASL.

+1.  It is quite a stretch to say that SCRAM is in violation of SASL
here.  It is NOT a stretch to say that more guidance on when to use
which error code (only one code is mentioned in the text) should have
been provided, so let's do that.

> Application protocols have limited diagnostics and it's certainly more
> difficult to add a new helpful diagnostic to every application with a SAS=
L
> profile than it is to include additional diagnostics in a new SASL
> mechanism.

+1.

And, as Alexey pointed out, there's the GSS-API side of SCRAM.  Unlike
SASL, GSS-API applications don't usually have any sort of free-form
application protocol field via which to transmit any kind of detailed
error information.  (Also, SASL apps that do have such a thing usually
can't localize it, which is another reason for wanting to have
detailed error codes.)  For this reason I'd oppose removal of these
error codes.

>> I think that's also why at least already 3 implementations (Alexey
>> Melnikov, Simon Josefsson and mine) don't implement them. Obviously we
>> first implemented SASL as a generic library and over this, we
>> implemented SCRAM. Then it is how I understood that there is simply
>> "no place" for errors in a SASL implementation written following the
>> RFC!
>
> A SASL mechanism is encapsulated as a bag of bits with arbitrary round tr=
ips
> in an application profile. A mechanism can put anything it wants in that =
bag
> of bits unless it's explicitly forbidden with a MUST NOT in RFC 4422.

And via GS2, we also get any bits that any GSS-API mechanism might
want to put in there as well.  That's another side of the coin
mentioned by Alexey.  I am opposed to any language in SASL/GS2 that
says that GSS-API mechanisms (which SCRAM is) MUST NOT send detailed
error information -- that would be a layering violation.

Note that the same rationale that leads one to want SASL mechanisms to
by default provide minimal error information also leads to the same
conclusion in the GSS-API.  But this is not a get-out-of-jail-free
card for the layering violation that would occur if we insisted on
prohibiting detailed error information in SASL itself.

>> As I said, we can keep the error list, but I think it must be a list
>> of error that we propose for the protocol above to eventually send it
>> in its own syntax (with appropriate security warning about information
>> disclosure as we discussed first), but it cannot be part of the SASL
>> syntax.

Absolutely not.  See above.  I am opposed to any requirements that
entail changes to application protocols in the cases of applications
where detailed error codes are ever desirable.

> Having a "best practice" document of authentication errors that most
> application protocols should implement is something I'd find useful. I fi=
nd
> the piecemeal approach to improving application error codes (RFC 5530, RF=
C
> 3206, RFC 3463) rather unsatisfactory. It would also be a cleaner design =
if
> all application protocols had the 20 or so most useful authentication
> diagnostics. But they don't and I don't see volunteers to write specs to
> update all of them. So having a way to provide ancillary diagnostics in a
> mechanism for those profiles with too few authentication diagnostics seem=
s
> pragmatic to me.
>
> I'm not sure any of the diagnostics in SCRAM are compelling so if they ge=
t
> removed as part of interop testing for advancement to draft status, I don=
't
> care (the simplicity improvement is roughly equivalent to the diagnostic
> benefit in my opinion). But I would strongly oppose altering SASL to forb=
id
> mechanism-layer diagnostics.

+1.

Nico
--

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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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This thread has gone on long enough.  IMO we do not have consensus on
prohibiting the use of or removing the detailed error codes.  IMO we
do have consensus on adding guidance indicating that by default
implementations should send the most general / least informative error
codes (the one exception, I think would be for the
extensions-not-supported case).

My position, after an already lengthy thread, is not likely to change
materially, so either I end up on the rough side of consensus or we
all settle for adding guidance.  If need be let's have a consensus
call and see what happens.

Nico
--

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Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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On Tue Mar 22 21:48:14 2011, Nico Williams wrote:
> This thread has gone on long enough.  IMO we do not have consensus  
> on
> prohibiting the use of or removing the detailed error codes.  IMO we
> do have consensus on adding guidance indicating that by default
> implementations should send the most general / least informative  
> error
> codes (the one exception, I think would be for the
> extensions-not-supported case).
> 
> 
I'd argue that it's already present, by inheritance from §3.6 of RFC  
4422:

[...]
   The outcome message provided by the server can provide a way for  
the
   client to distinguish between errors that are best dealt with by  
re-
   prompting the user for her credentials, errors that are best dealt
   with by telling the user to try again later, and errors where the
   user must contact a system administrator for resolution (see the  
SYS
   and AUTH POP Response Codes [RFC3206] specification for an  
example).
   This distinction is particularly useful during scheduled server
   maintenance periods as it reduces support costs.  It is also
   important that the server can be configured such that the outcome



Melnikov & Zeilenga         Standards Track                    [Page  
11]

RFC 4422                          SASL                         June  
2006


   message will not distinguish between a valid user with invalid
   credentials and an invalid user.


I'd say that was enough, but if a specific reference back to that is  
wanted, I won't stand against that either.

Dave.
-- 
Dave Cridland - mailto:dave@cridland.net - xmpp:dwd@dave.cridland.net
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Subject: [kitten] PGSSAPI, take two
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A few years ago there was a proposal for a "PGSSAPI" where GSS
functions were augmented with an additional caller context argument.
I then proposed overloading the minor_status argument, but no one
liked that.  Later I proposed a GSS-APIv3, but that won't happen
anytime soon.  Then Love proposed just adding an additional context
argument to a small handful of new functions.

I'm starting to think that we need so badly to add such this feature
(caller contexts) to the API real soon.  Here's an idea: if apps
define a C macro called, say, GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE, then
GSS_C_NO_NAME and GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL could expand into function
calls.  For convenience we could also add new a version of
gss_import_name() that takes a profile name, plus a way to call it to
get a gss_name_t that is equivalent to GSS_C_NO_NAME.  The rest would
follow.

I.e., something like this in the GSS C header:

#ifdnef GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE
#define GSS_C_NO_NAME ((gss_name_t)NULL)
#define GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL((gss_cred_id_t)NULL)
#else
#define GSS_C_NO_NAME (__gss_c_no_name(GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE))
#define GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL (__gss_c_no_credential(GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE))
#endif

then have those __gss_c_no_*() functions use thread-local storage to
store thread-local name/cred object handles.

Apps would:

#define GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE "imap-client"
#include <gssapi/gssapi.h>

No other application changes would be needed, so this would be quite
an unintrusive change.

For completeness we might want to define a macro to indicate support
for this feature.

The mechglue SPI would be extended with entry points corresponding to
these new functions (__gss_c_no_name() and so on), of course.

What the mechglue and mechanisms do with the profile would be up to
them.  But quite a bit of policy that various folks have been needing
to profile could be referred to in this way.  If we need something
more complex than a profile name, well, we could do something about
that too (or we could do that later).

Nico
--

From jhutz@cmu.edu  Thu Mar 24 07:45:52 2011
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On Thu, 2011-03-24 at 03:08 -0500, Nico Williams wrote:
> A few years ago there was a proposal for a "PGSSAPI" where GSS
> functions were augmented with an additional caller context argument.
> I then proposed overloading the minor_status argument, but no one
> liked that.  Later I proposed a GSS-APIv3, but that won't happen
> anytime soon.  Then Love proposed just adding an additional context
> argument to a small handful of new functions.
> 
> I'm starting to think that we need so badly to add such this feature
> (caller contexts) to the API real soon.

What problem are you trying to solve?

-- Jeff


From mrex@sap.com  Thu Mar 24 18:51:32 2011
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From: Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com>
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To: nico@cryptonector.com (Nico Williams)
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Nico Williams wrote:
> 
> A few years ago there was a proposal for a "PGSSAPI" where GSS
> functions were augmented with an additional caller context argument.

Admittedly, my memories about this discussion are quite weak.

> 
> I'm starting to think that we need so badly to add such this feature
> (caller contexts) to the API real soon.  Here's an idea: if apps
> define a C macro called, say, GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE, then
> GSS_C_NO_NAME and GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL could expand into function
> calls.  For convenience we could also add new a version of
> gss_import_name() that takes a profile name, plus a way to call it to
> get a gss_name_t that is equivalent to GSS_C_NO_NAME.  The rest would
> follow.
> 
> I.e., something like this in the GSS C header:
> 
> #ifdnef GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE
> #define GSS_C_NO_NAME ((gss_name_t)NULL)
> #define GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL((gss_cred_id_t)NULL)
> #else
> #define GSS_C_NO_NAME (__gss_c_no_name(GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE))
> #define GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL (__gss_c_no_credential(GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE))
> #endif


I completely fail to understand the motivation behind this.
Do you have any specific example about the purpose or what exactly
you're trying to achieve.  The use of these particular constants 
is limited to very specific purposes, so if you desire is to get
an additional context handle, this would leave all other usage
scenarios of the gss-api calls out in the cold.

To me, this particular example looks quite incompatible to the
GSS-API v2 architecture and design.

GSS_C_NO_NAME and GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL are really only shortcuts
to represent the _absence_ of a parameter -- on both, input to
a GSS-API call as well as output of a GSS-API call.

When used as input, the absence of a credentials parameter is
supposed to indicate a request for a "default credential",
a concept described here:

  http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-8


GSS_C_NO_NAME is somewhat different, but related to GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIALS.
There is no such thing as a "default name" in GSS-API, but in order to
be able to acquire an explicit credentials handle to a credential
with "default credential behaviour", gss_acquire_cred() was modified
to allow not passing a name on input (dubbed "GSS_C_NO_NAME") to
obtain an explicit credentials handle to a credential that exhibits
default credential behaviour.

GSS_C_NO_NAME is not allowed for other gss-api calls with a
gss_name_t input parameter (such as gss_compare_name,
gss_canonicalize_name or gss_export_name), because of this.


GSS-API functions are allowed to fail, and still return output
parameters, so it is really important to be able to recognize
whether an output parameter is present (which implies it must
be released by the caller later on) or absent.

e.g. gss_init_sec_context() and gss_acccept_sec_context() should
always return a mech_OID when either of the calls fails and returns
a minor_status value, so that gss_display_status() has a clue
which mechanism needs to translate the minor_status value into
readable text.

similarly, message unprotection call gss_unwrap()
may fail and still return unprotected data in a buffer.  It is at
the discretion of the GSS-API mechanism to fail with

e.g.
  (GSS_S_FAILURE|GSS_S_GAP_TOKEN) and no unprotected data buffer
or
  (GSS_S_COMPLETE|GSS_S_GAP_TOKEN) and unprotected data

similar for other message sequencing related status codes
  DUPLICATE, OLD, UNSEQ

also a gss-api mechanism may or may not return unprotected data
from gss_unwrap() that failes with GSS_S_CONTEXT_EXPIRED.


> 
> then have those __gss_c_no_*() functions use thread-local storage to
> store thread-local name/cred object handles.
> 
> Apps would:
> 
> #define GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE "imap-client"
> #include <gssapi/gssapi.h>

YUCK!

An approach that provides binary plug-n-play capabilities would
be so much more useful.  Having to completely recompile everything
from scratch every time something is changed in a gssapi mechanism
would be extremely annoying.

Also, expecting applications to #include a mechanism-specific
header file during compilation of the application is a huge problem
by itself.  A design that limits an application to access only
a single gssapi mechanism per application binary seems awkward to me.

You really want your application binary to be independent from
any particular gssapi mechanism (or worse, a very specific version
of that mechanism).  Binary plug-n-play means all gssapi header
files must be 100% binary compatible to each other, and at that
point, the app simply compiles with its own gssapi header file
exclusively.

For us, binary plug-n-play of GSS-API mechanisms has been working
extremely well throughout the last 15 years with more than a
dozen independent products.
(Except maybe for the hosed Apples Kerberos 5 on Mac OS X 64-bit,
 which has been compiled with a #pragma pack(push,2) misalignment,
 defying binary interop with mechanism-independent apps and
 more reasonably compiled gssapi mechanism for that platform).
 

Some background info why the use of #pragma pack(push,2)
for a public API might not be a terribly good idea:
http://blogs.msdn.com/ce_base/archive/2008/06/27/when-not-to-pack-structures.aspx
 

-Martin

From nico@cryptonector.com  Fri Mar 25 09:57:44 2011
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On Thu, Mar 24, 2011 at 9:47 AM, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu> wrote:
> On Thu, 2011-03-24 at 03:08 -0500, Nico Williams wrote:
>> A few years ago there was a proposal for a "PGSSAPI" where GSS
>> functions were augmented with an additional caller context argument.
>> I then proposed overloading the minor_status argument, but no one
>> liked that. =C2=A0Later I proposed a GSS-APIv3, but that won't happen
>> anytime soon. =C2=A0Then Love proposed just adding an additional context
>> argument to a small handful of new functions.
>>
>> I'm starting to think that we need so badly to add such this feature
>> (caller contexts) to the API real soon.
>
> What problem are you trying to solve?

A set of problems that keeps coming up, ALL related to layered
software.  The layered software context is: one process with two or
more uses of the GSS-API, one or more of which is buried in various
libraries (or plugins to libraries), and where two or more of those
need different mechglue or mechanism configurations.  The layered
software problem has become rather pervasive in recent years.  Anyone
with experience with Apache, PAM, LDAP, and so on can attest to this.

The layered software problem is related to DLL Hell, except that we
need not have two or more GSS-API implementations involved here.  And
no, it's not a good idea to address the layered software problem by
resorting to DLL Hell :) (i.e., have multiple distinct GSS
implementations so that each layered use of the GSS-API can get its
own GSS implementation).

In the original PGSSAPI proposal the poster needed to be able to
configure the mechglue differently so that they could have different
providers for the same mechanism in two consumers of the GSS-API in
the same process.

In more recent cases there are desires to specify policy that must be
passed to the provider.  For example, enctype policy, though there are
many other example policies.  Sam et. al. seem likely to resort to all
sorts of credentials options type extensions to address some of these.
 But in most if not all cases it would suffice to have the policy
stored in a file (or whatever, just not specified in detail in the API
itself) and then name this policy to the API.  My modest proposal
achieves that and allows the application code (well, the GSS-API
consumer) to remain quite simple.

In the GSS-APIv3 prototype I started on and abandoned a couple of
years ago I had a caller context handle as an input to all functions
(and no minor_status, that being subsumed into the caller context
handle), and a variety of functions by which one could profile the
mechglue/mechanisms via this caller context.  I think such a thing
would still be useful, but it's obviously way too late to the market,
which motivates me to pursue something much simpler now as a bandaid.

Nico
--

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On Thu, Mar 24, 2011 at 8:52 PM, Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
> Nico Williams wrote:
>>
>> A few years ago there was a proposal for a "PGSSAPI" where GSS
>> functions were augmented with an additional caller context argument.
>
> Admittedly, my memories about this discussion are quite weak.
>
> [...]
>
> I completely fail to understand the motivation behind this.
> Do you have any specific example about the purpose or what exactly
> you're trying to achieve. =C2=A0The use of these particular constants
> is limited to very specific purposes, so if you desire is to get
> an additional context handle, this would leave all other usage
> scenarios of the gss-api calls out in the cold.

See my follow-up to Jeff.  I should have included that background
information when I posted this.

> To me, this particular example looks quite incompatible to the
> GSS-API v2 architecture and design.
>
> GSS_C_NO_NAME and GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL are really only shortcuts
> to represent the _absence_ of a parameter -- on both, input to
> a GSS-API call as well as output of a GSS-API call.

In the C bindings they are also implementation-specific (since the
gss_name_t and gss_cred_id_t types are also implementation-specific).
Thus it seems perfectly fair for these values to be macros that expand
into function calls (not too unlike what happened to 'errno' in the
world of pthreads).

I'd worry more about comparisons of GSS_C_NO_{NAME, CREDENTIAL} to
values of gss_name_t/gss_cred_id_t output by inquiry functions (and
deleg_cred in the gss_accept_sec_context() case).  But the
implementation can easily arrange for that to work out.  (This means
that these values cannot be thread-specific, but must be
process-global.  It also means that they leak until the GSS-API
library de-initializes, which only really happens implicitly when the
shared object is unloaded, which mostly only happens when the process
exits.  I'm willing to live with this.)

> GSS_C_NO_NAME is somewhat different, but related to GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIALS.
> There is no such thing as a "default name" in GSS-API, but in order to
> be able to acquire an explicit credentials handle to a credential
> with "default credential behaviour", gss_acquire_cred() was modified
> to allow not passing a name on input (dubbed "GSS_C_NO_NAME") to
> obtain an explicit credentials handle to a credential that exhibits
> default credential behaviour.
>
> GSS_C_NO_NAME is not allowed for other gss-api calls with a
> gss_name_t input parameter (such as gss_compare_name,
> gss_canonicalize_name or gss_export_name), because of this.

GSS_C_NO_NAME is allowed as an input to
gss_acquire_cred/gss_add_cred().  A credential whose desired_name is
GSS_C_NO_NAME is akin to GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL (cred-usage,
desired_mechs, and so on can be different from those of
GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL).

In any case, no one passes GSS_C_NO_NAME to gss_compare_name() and so
on, but it's perfectly possible for the implementor to check input
values of gss_name_t to see that they are not any known value of
GSS_C_NO_NAME.  For example, an implementation whose gss_name_t is a
pointer type could use values 1-4095 to encode values of GSS_C_NO_NAME
corresponding to specific profiles, or it could use the two least
significant bits of the pointer value to do the same.  Similarly for
GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL.  (Technically such tricks are non-portable, in
practice they are perfectly portable to all the major OSes and C
compilers I know of, and should even be portable to strange
architectures such as the Burrows, none of which really exist today,
and even if not, implementors on such architectures should be able to
find workable ways to encode these things.)

> GSS-API functions are allowed to fail, and still return output
> parameters, so it is really important to be able to recognize
> whether an output parameter is present (which implies it must
> be released by the caller later on) or absent.

See above!

>> Apps would:
>>
>> #define GSS_C_APPLICATION_PROFILE "imap-client"
>> #include <gssapi/gssapi.h>
>
> YUCK!
>
> An approach that provides binary plug-n-play capabilities would
> be so much more useful. =C2=A0Having to completely recompile everything
> from scratch every time something is changed in a gssapi mechanism
> would be extremely annoying.

Why would this not be binary compatible with prior versions of the
same implementation? Of course it is!  Older object code will be using
the original GSS_C_NO_{NAME, CREDENTIAL} value (almost everywhere
NULL, or 0), which the new implementation should gladly accept and
treat as intended.  Look ma!  ABI compatible!

> Also, expecting applications to #include a mechanism-specific
> header file during compilation of the application is a huge problem
> by itself. =C2=A0A design that limits an application to access only
> a single gssapi mechanism per application binary seems awkward to me.

Who said anything about a mechanism-specific header?!  I didn't.

> You really want your application binary to be independent from
> any particular gssapi mechanism (or worse, a very specific version
> of that mechanism). =C2=A0Binary plug-n-play means all gssapi header
> files must be 100% binary compatible to each other, and at that
> point, the app simply compiles with its own gssapi header file
> exclusively.

Remember, the header in RFC2744 is NOT complete.  RFC2744 does NOT
specify an ABI.  (Some of us wish it had, but that's another story.)

Nico
--

From mrex@sap.com  Fri Mar 25 11:56:34 2011
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Nico Williams wrote:
> 
> > You really want your application binary to be independent from
> > any particular gssapi mechanism (or worse, a very specific version
> > of that mechanism). Â Binary plug-n-play means all gssapi header
> > files must be 100% binary compatible to each other, and at that
> > point, the app simply compiles with its own gssapi header file
> > exclusively.
> 
> Remember, the header in RFC2744 is NOT complete.  RFC2744 does NOT
> specify an ABI.  (Some of us wish it had, but that's another story.)

Are you refering to these 4 definitions:

   typedef <platform-specific> gss_ctx_id_t;
   typedef <platform-specific> gss_cred_id_t;
   typedef <platform-specific> gss_name_t;

   typedef <platform-specific> gss_uint32;


that portable apps (that started out with 16-bit Windows support in 1995)
defined like this:

   typedef void FAR * gss_ctx_id_t;
   typedef void FAR * gss_cred_id_t;
   typedef void FAR * gss_name_t;

   #include <limits.h>
   #if UINT_MAX >= 0x10000ul
      /* Win 16-bit with 16-bit ints */
     typedef  unsigned int  gss_uint32;
   #else
     typedef  unsigned long gss_uint32;
   #endif


Nope, the interop problem I've encountered didn't affect any of those,
but instead this one:

typedef struct gss_OID_desc_struct {
      OM_uint32       length;
      void      FAR * elements;
} gss_OID_desc, FAR * gss_OID;

Which requires a padding between "length" and "elements" on 64-bit platforms,
and there had a differing definition been used by X/Open (which caused
very brief interop problems on HP-UX 11.0, but HP was quick to fix this),
and reliably causes bus errors on Mac OS X due to the #pragma pack(push,2)
in Apple's weird gssapi.h header.


-Martin

From nico@cryptonector.com  Fri Mar 25 12:51:31 2011
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On Fri, Mar 25, 2011 at 1:58 PM, Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com> wrote:
> Nico Williams wrote:
>>
>> > You really want your application binary to be independent from
>> > any particular gssapi mechanism (or worse, a very specific version
>> > of that mechanism). =C2=A0Binary plug-n-play means all gssapi header
>> > files must be 100% binary compatible to each other, and at that
>> > point, the app simply compiles with its own gssapi header file
>> > exclusively.
>>
>> Remember, the header in RFC2744 is NOT complete. =C2=A0RFC2744 does NOT
>> specify an ABI. =C2=A0(Some of us wish it had, but that's another story.=
)
>
> Are you refering to these 4 definitions:
>
> =C2=A0 typedef <platform-specific> gss_ctx_id_t;
> =C2=A0 typedef <platform-specific> gss_cred_id_t;
> =C2=A0 typedef <platform-specific> gss_name_t;
>
> =C2=A0 typedef <platform-specific> gss_uint32;
>
>
> that portable apps (that started out with 16-bit Windows support in 1995)
> defined like this:
>
> =C2=A0 typedef void FAR * gss_ctx_id_t;
> =C2=A0 typedef void FAR * gss_cred_id_t;
> =C2=A0 typedef void FAR * gss_name_t;

Yes, though implementations nowadays define them like this instead:

typedef struct gss_ctx_id  *gss_ctx_id_t;
typedef struct gss_cred_id *gss_cred_id_t;
typedef struct gss_name *gss_name_t;

That's from Solaris.  MIT krb5 does the same thing, with more lines:

struct gss_name_struct;
typedef struct gss_name_struct * gss_name_t;

struct gss_cred_id_struct;
typedef struct gss_cred_id_struct * gss_cred_id_t;

struct gss_ctx_id_struct;
typedef struct gss_ctx_id_struct * gss_ctx_id_t;

This is *much* better than void * because you actually get static type
safety this way.  With void * if you pass in a gss_cred_id_t value
where a gss_name_t was expected, the compiler does not complain,
whereas with pointers to incomplete structs the compiler does.

> =C2=A0 #include <limits.h>
> =C2=A0 #if UINT_MAX >=3D 0x10000ul
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0/* Win 16-bit with 16-bit ints */
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0 typedef =C2=A0unsigned int =C2=A0gss_uint32;
> =C2=A0 #else
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0 typedef =C2=A0unsigned long gss_uint32;
> =C2=A0 #endif

This is different and unrelated.  (With C99 we could use
uint_least_32_t or whatever it is, except that I'd rather go whole hog
for 64 bits for such things in version 3 of the API, but that's
another story, for another day.)

> Nope, the interop problem I've encountered didn't affect any of those,
> but instead this one:
>
> typedef struct gss_OID_desc_struct {
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0OM_uint32 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 length;
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0void =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0FAR * elements;
> } gss_OID_desc, FAR * gss_OID;
>
> Which requires a padding between "length" and "elements" on 64-bit platfo=
rms,
> and there had a differing definition been used by X/Open (which caused
> very brief interop problems on HP-UX 11.0, but HP was quick to fix this),
> and reliably causes bus errors on Mac OS X due to the #pragma pack(push,2=
)
> in Apple's weird gssapi.h header.

Right.  Exposing structs' fields and sizes in APIs is a recipe for
disaster.  One of the biggest issues in writing a pluggable mechglue
with a public plugin interface is memory management, and that's the
result of the API having a gss_buffer_t type that is not extensible.
Buffers (and OIDs, and OID sets) should have been opaque, with
function accessors.  Sound heavy-weight?  But this is a library whose
plugins do _crypto_ operations, and I/O too (network I/O in some
cases, no less, with no async version of the relevant functions), so,
no, opaque-everything-plus-accessor-functions is not to heavy-weight.
Of course, it would have been possible to design public structs that
didn't create these memory management problems, but it'd have been
easier to just go the opaque route.

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Fri Mar 25 14:42:34 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] PGSSAPI, take two
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To be fair, this proposal would break if there were libraries that
export interfaces that take or return gss_name_t or gss_cred_id_t
values and GSS_C_NO_NAME/CREDENTIAL can be used, but the break would
only happen if the application and the library use this new feature
and use different profiles, else there'd be no break.  I think that's
a reasonable limitation.

From william.polk@nist.gov  Sun Mar 27 05:40:58 2011
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Thread-Topic: Welcoming Alexey Melnikov as third chair for kitten
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Folks,

Sean, Stephen, and I have asked Alexey Melnikov to be the third chair for the kitten working group after receiving a suggestion from Shawn and Tom.  This will allow all three of them to balance day job workloads and schedules with those of the IETF.  

We are very pleased that Alexey has accepted our offer, and are looking forward to his continued contributions in kitten.  (Almost as important, this means Alexey has to stay on Security Directorate review team!)

Thanks,

Tim Polk

From stpeter@stpeter.im  Mon Mar 28 07:03:40 2011
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Subject: [kitten] SCRAM implementations in the XMPP community
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Just so you know, at the XMPP WG interim meeting last month I asked the
participating developers about who had implemented SCRAM (RFC 5802). I
then also asked the question on the main discussion list for developers
in the XMPP community. As a result, I can say that we have a number of
implementations (probably not limited to the following)...

Servers
  M-Link
  Prosody
  SoapBox Server

Libraries
  CAXL
  Jabber-Net
  MatriX
  Telepathy

Clients
  Empathy
  Gajim
  Pidgin
  Pandion
  Psi
  SoapBox Communicator
  Swift

Some of these even support channel bindings, although I don't have a
good count of those.

I'm sure there are more on the way, too.

Peter

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From dave@cridland.net  Mon Mar 28 07:17:31 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] SCRAM implementations in the XMPP community
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On Mon Mar 28 15:05:15 2011, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> Servers
>   M-Link


Supports channel bindings, same code in M-Box, an IMAP server,  
interop tested with a GNU SASL based client.


>   Prosody
>   SoapBox Server
> 
> Libraries
>   CAXL
>   Jabber-Net
>   MatriX
>   Telepathy
> 
> Clients
>   Empathy
>   Gajim

I'd note for the record that I wrote this support into Gajim, and  
based it on the code from Polymer - however it's simpler, and doesn't  
do channel bindings.


>   Pidgin
>   Pandion
>   Psi
>   SoapBox Communicator
>   Swift
> 
> 
Swift also supports channel bindings, interop tested against M-Link  
(and maybe others). Swift actually has a library Swiften which  
contains the code.

Finally, both M-Link and M-Box were also tested against my  
implementation (developed independently), Polymer, which also does  
channel bindings. Polymer was also tested against a GNU SASL based  
IMAP server.

So there are at least three clients and two servers known to  
interoperate in various combinations with SCRAM-SHA1-PLUS.

Dave.
-- 
Dave Cridland - mailto:dave@cridland.net - xmpp:dwd@dave.cridland.net
  - acap://acap.dave.cridland.net/byowner/user/dwd/bookmarks/
  - http://dave.cridland.net/
Infotrope Polymer - ACAP, IMAP, ESMTP, and Lemonade

From jehan.marmottard@gmail.com  Mon Mar 28 08:17:29 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] SCRAM implementations in the XMPP community
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Hi Peter,

I have implemented SCRAM (no channel binding yet) for a XMPP library
as well. It was not done when you asked on the list so I didn't
answered, plus the library itself is not usable yet:
OX (OCaml XMPP): http://ox.tuxfamily.org/

Just to add to the list of existing SCRAM implementations.

Jehan

On Mon, Mar 28, 2011 at 11:05 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wr=
ote:
> Just so you know, at the XMPP WG interim meeting last month I asked the
> participating developers about who had implemented SCRAM (RFC 5802). I
> then also asked the question on the main discussion list for developers
> in the XMPP community. As a result, I can say that we have a number of
> implementations (probably not limited to the following)...
>
> Servers
> =A0M-Link
> =A0Prosody
> =A0SoapBox Server
>
> Libraries
> =A0CAXL
> =A0Jabber-Net
> =A0MatriX
> =A0Telepathy
>
> Clients
> =A0Empathy
> =A0Gajim
> =A0Pidgin
> =A0Pandion
> =A0Psi
> =A0SoapBox Communicator
> =A0Swift
>
> Some of these even support channel bindings, although I don't have a
> good count of those.
>
> I'm sure there are more on the way, too.
>
> Peter
>
> --
> Peter Saint-Andre
> https://stpeter.im/
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Kitten mailing list
> Kitten@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten
>
>

From alexey.melnikov@isode.com  Tue Mar 29 03:49:08 2011
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Subject: [kitten] Comments on draft-josefsson-kitten-crotp-00.txt
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Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
 [...]

>The CROTP mechanism family provide support for two-factor
>authentication using a static long-term password and a single use
>changing one-time password (OTP) in the SASL and GSS-API frameworks.
>The design of CROTP is based on SCRAM described in RFC 5802.  CROTP
>works with several OTP system, including the Open AuTHentication HOTP
>algorithm described in RFC 4226.
>  
>
Some quick comments on the draft (which looks quite reasonable otherwise):

4.  Protocol

      ;; variant used by CROTP
      otp                                = "o=" saslname

What is the exact semantics of this field?
Does it need an IANA registry?

   [TODO: Require TLS for OTP protection, or derive keys from the SCRAM
   negotiation and GSS_Wrap the OTP?]

I would personally prefer the latter, to keep this more generic.

7.  IANA Considerations

   IANA has added the following family of SASL mechanisms to the SASL

I think this should use future tense for now.

   Mechanism registry established by [RFC4422]:

     Note: The family names are intended to match the SCRAM names,
       and uses the same (but separate) registration policy.
       Registration of CROTP names should be reviewed for alignment
       with similar SCRAM names.  XXX: registration policy?

Yes, something needs to be done about that :-).


From simon@josefsson.org  Tue Mar 29 05:15:25 2011
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Alexey Melnikov <alexey.melnikov@isode.com> writes:

> Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
> [...]
>
>>The CROTP mechanism family provide support for two-factor
>>authentication using a static long-term password and a single use
>>changing one-time password (OTP) in the SASL and GSS-API frameworks.
>>The design of CROTP is based on SCRAM described in RFC 5802.  CROTP
>>works with several OTP system, including the Open AuTHentication HOTP
>>algorithm described in RFC 4226.
>>  
>>
> Some quick comments on the draft (which looks quite reasonable otherwise):
>
> 4.  Protocol
>
>      ;; variant used by CROTP
>      otp                                = "o=" saslname
>
> What is the exact semantics of this field?
> Does it need an IANA registry?

My experience is that the semantics of OTP values are the same as
semantics for passwords: they are site-specific.  Thus I don't know what
more could be said here.  Maybe you could give an example of what you
are thinking of here?  Are you thinking of some kind of "OTP vendor"
field?

Hm.  What _would_ be useful is for the server be able to specify, in
server-first-message, a vendor and token identifier, or similar.  That
will allow the client (or user) to locate the proper OTP token.  This
also aligns well with draft-ietf-krb-wg-otp-preauth-16.

>   [TODO: Require TLS for OTP protection, or derive keys from the SCRAM
>   negotiation and GSS_Wrap the OTP?]
>
> I would personally prefer the latter, to keep this more generic.

If it can be done without modifying the protocol flow (2 complete
round-trips) I would agree -- and I think that can be done.

However a bigger question is whether an OTP needs to be more than
integrity protected at all.

> 7.  IANA Considerations
>
>   IANA has added the following family of SASL mechanisms to the SASL
>
> I think this should use future tense for now.
>
>   Mechanism registry established by [RFC4422]:
>
>     Note: The family names are intended to match the SCRAM names,
>       and uses the same (but separate) registration policy.
>       Registration of CROTP names should be reviewed for alignment
>       with similar SCRAM names.  XXX: registration policy?
>
> Yes, something needs to be done about that :-).

Thanks, I'll revisit this part if this is going forward at all.

/Simon

From alexey.melnikov@isode.com  Tue Mar 29 05:50:39 2011
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Simon Josefsson wrote:

>Alexey Melnikov <alexey.melnikov@isode.com> writes:
>  
>
>>Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>>[...]
>>    
>>
>>>The CROTP mechanism family provide support for two-factor
>>>authentication using a static long-term password and a single use
>>>changing one-time password (OTP) in the SASL and GSS-API frameworks.
>>>The design of CROTP is based on SCRAM described in RFC 5802.  CROTP
>>>works with several OTP system, including the Open AuTHentication HOTP
>>>algorithm described in RFC 4226.
>>>      
>>>
>>Some quick comments on the draft (which looks quite reasonable otherwise):
>>
>>4.  Protocol
>>
>>     ;; variant used by CROTP
>>     otp                                = "o=" saslname
>>
>>What is the exact semantics of this field?
>>Does it need an IANA registry?
>>    
>>
>My experience is that the semantics of OTP values are the same as
>semantics for passwords: they are site-specific.  Thus I don't know what
>more could be said here.  Maybe you could give an example of what you
>are thinking of here?  Are you thinking of some kind of "OTP vendor"
>field?
>  
>
After seeing "saslname", I was expecting some kind of OTP mechanism name 
here.

I actually not entirely sure what you want to put here, so at least 
seeing some examples would be useful.

>Hm.  What _would_ be useful is for the server be able to specify, in
>server-first-message, a vendor and token identifier, or similar.
>
Yes, I was expecting this as well.

>That
>will allow the client (or user) to locate the proper OTP token.  This
>also aligns well with draft-ietf-krb-wg-otp-preauth-16.
>  
>
 [...]

From simon@josefsson.org  Tue Mar 29 05:57:58 2011
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Alexey Melnikov <alexey.melnikov@isode.com> writes:

> Simon Josefsson wrote:
>
>>Alexey Melnikov <alexey.melnikov@isode.com> writes:
>>  
>>
>>>Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>>>[...]
>>>    
>>>
>>>>The CROTP mechanism family provide support for two-factor
>>>>authentication using a static long-term password and a single use
>>>>changing one-time password (OTP) in the SASL and GSS-API frameworks.
>>>>The design of CROTP is based on SCRAM described in RFC 5802.  CROTP
>>>>works with several OTP system, including the Open AuTHentication HOTP
>>>>algorithm described in RFC 4226.
>>>>      
>>>>
>>>Some quick comments on the draft (which looks quite reasonable otherwise):
>>>
>>>4.  Protocol
>>>
>>>     ;; variant used by CROTP
>>>     otp                                = "o=" saslname
>>>
>>>What is the exact semantics of this field?
>>>Does it need an IANA registry?
>>>    
>>>
>>My experience is that the semantics of OTP values are the same as
>>semantics for passwords: they are site-specific.  Thus I don't know what
>>more could be said here.  Maybe you could give an example of what you
>>are thinking of here?  Are you thinking of some kind of "OTP vendor"
>>field?
>>  
>>
> After seeing "saslname", I was expecting some kind of OTP mechanism
> name here.
>
> I actually not entirely sure what you want to put here, so at least
> seeing some examples would be useful.

OK -- the intention was just to re-use the ABNF for 'saslname':

   saslname        = 1*(value-safe-char / "=2C" / "=3D")

Possibly I should rename this to avoid confusion.

Examples values would be something like this:

otp=234020
otp=dteffujedcflcindvdbrblehecuitvjkjevvehjd

>>Hm.  What _would_ be useful is for the server be able to specify, in
>>server-first-message, a vendor and token identifier, or similar.
>>
> Yes, I was expecting this as well.

Will add something.

Thanks,
Simon

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--bcaec53f9069ca185c049f9f6ecf
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

When do OTPs _not_ need confidentiality protection?  I believe they always
do.  Moreover, for those doing two-factor authentication, protecting the OTP
with a pasword-derived key is out (since an attwacker that knows the
password can MITM the user).

In other words, OTP really wants TLS or PKU2U in the GSS context. It also
wants another mech to do password-based auth (SCRAM, IAKERB, ...).  IOW, OTP
in GSS really wants to be like a pseudo-mechanism that combines two other
concrete mechanisms.  And yet it could be done in three round-trips, and
with with some cleverness in just two! (the margins of this e-mail lack
space for me to share that [or, rather, I'll explain later if t' still
relevant, but also, it's fairly obvious.]).

But I have to wonder, with GSS-EAP and IAKERB, do we _really_ need an OTP
mech?  (A: well, if you want krb5 preauth based on GSS... -ed.  Oh, that's
right!).

Nico
--

--bcaec53f9069ca185c049f9f6ecf
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<p>When do OTPs _not_ need confidentiality protection?=C2=A0 I believe they=
 always do.=C2=A0 Moreover, for those doing two-factor authentication, prot=
ecting the OTP with a pasword-derived key is out (since an attwacker that k=
nows the password can MITM the user).</p>

<p>In other words, OTP really wants TLS or PKU2U in the GSS context. It als=
o wants another mech to do password-based auth (SCRAM, IAKERB, ...).=C2=A0 =
IOW, OTP in GSS really wants to be like a pseudo-mechanism that combines tw=
o other concrete mechanisms.=C2=A0 And yet it could be done in three round-=
trips, and with with some cleverness in just two! (the margins of this e-ma=
il lack space for me to share that [or, rather, I&#39;ll explain later if t=
&#39; still relevant, but also, it&#39;s fairly obvious.]).</p>

<p>But I have to wonder, with GSS-EAP and IAKERB, do we _really_ need an OT=
P mech?=C2=A0 (A: well, if you want krb5 preauth based on GSS... -ed.=C2=A0=
 Oh, that&#39;s right!).</p>
<p>Nico<br>
-- </p>

--bcaec53f9069ca185c049f9f6ecf--

From simon@josefsson.org  Tue Mar 29 08:52:35 2011
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From: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Date: Tue, 29 Mar 2011 17:53:19 +0200
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] Comments on draft-josefsson-kitten-crotp-00.txt
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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:

> When do OTPs _not_ need confidentiality protection?  I believe they always
> do.  Moreover, for those doing two-factor authentication, protecting the OTP
> with a pasword-derived key is out (since an attwacker that knows the
> password can MITM the user).

Good point.

> In other words, OTP really wants TLS or PKU2U in the GSS context. It also
> wants another mech to do password-based auth (SCRAM, IAKERB, ...).  IOW, OTP
> in GSS really wants to be like a pseudo-mechanism that combines two other
> concrete mechanisms.  And yet it could be done in three round-trips, and
> with with some cleverness in just two! (the margins of this e-mail lack
> space for me to share that [or, rather, I'll explain later if t' still
> relevant, but also, it's fairly obvious.]).

In the extreme, you could have a multi-factor meta-GSS mechanism that
combines several mechanism into providing multi-factor authentication.

However, how to resolve the problem you brought up about deriving keys
that are protecting the OTP from something other than the password?
Perhaps TLS is necessary here after all.

> But I have to wonder, with GSS-EAP and IAKERB, do we _really_ need an OTP
> mech?  (A: well, if you want krb5 preauth based on GSS... -ed.  Oh, that's
> right!).

I guess it is an open question whether we need this.  My use case is
making some GSS-API and SASL applications support username+OTP.  You
can't always assume Kerberos is present in these environments.

/Simon

From hartmans@mit.edu  Tue Mar 29 12:33:00 2011
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To: Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org>
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Date: Tue, 29 Mar 2011 15:34:33 -0400
In-Reply-To: <877hbh2aa8.fsf@latte.josefsson.org> (Simon Josefsson's message of "Tue, 29 Mar 2011 17:53:19 +0200")
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>>>>> "Simon" == Simon Josefsson <simon@josefsson.org> writes:

    >> But I have to wonder, with GSS-EAP and IAKERB, do we _really_
    >> need an OTP mech?  (A: well, if you want krb5 preauth based on
    >> GSS... -ed.  Oh, that's right!).

    Simon> I guess it is an open question whether we need this.  My use
    Simon> case is making some GSS-API and SASL applications support
    Simon> username+OTP.  You can't always assume Kerberos is present in
    Simon> these environments.

Well, perhaps not today.  IN a couple of years I expect we'll have mini
KDC libraries to link into applications Heimdal mostly already does
although I suspect it's a bit heavy-weight on the app configuration side
of things.

However, Kerberos assumes a certain model about passwords.  If you have
a plaintext legacy password, Kerberos is out.

Eap does have a more consistent story than GSS for combining keys.

I have not formed a strong opinion; just thoughts on the issues.

From hartmans@mit.edu  Tue Mar 29 12:46:02 2011
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To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Date: Tue, 29 Mar 2011 15:47:38 -0400
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I do not think this solves any of the need for context parameters I've
been running into lately.  I do think I want context parameters but I
don't think I want that so I can select between a compile-time set of
profiles.  Instead, I think I want it so I can have additional
configuration functions (I.E. setters) for the context.

So, at least for the use cases I know I have, this proposal would not
help.

I do share Martin's concern that you do not want to build more
mechglue-specific information into gssapi.h without a lot more thought.

From hartmans@mit.edu  Tue Mar 29 12:52:09 2011
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From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
References: <AANLkTiktv8MpuKeaDXGdo-Wb4Yx4a_kuv6mfp-wuhAAw@mail.gmail.com> <4CF91652.2080104@googlemail.com> <25128_1291395225_oB3Griia031936_AANLkTi=NnaG=a-CaiNKFVSsx=8tzKd_Q87wnAJ3CbuXY@mail.gmail.com> <5A6498C4F1AEDE3EC2DDB578@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu> <AANLkTi=BXN_ZrkGNYRMEjXCSxLCFosi3Vq-NDagtX3wh@mail.gmail.com> <AANLkTinDO0wLP3_=DubJ9i53AiTtJqcV8eUZ2vDYootm@mail.gmail.com> <0083F29703B421CF922D1CA7@96B2F16665FF96BAE59E9B90> <AANLkTikA4PiuwyZQNLOYkQU5H+jQsQv2SRF3p3reqqZ_@mail.gmail.com> <C30245F058209850B66791A0@dhcp-rmdc-twvpn-2-vpnpool-10-159-52-59.vpn.oracle.com> <AANLkTikjE300OFhGzjTKzTmpFdQQOW0iUHMjA_WfZBRN@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 29 Mar 2011 15:53:44 -0400
In-Reply-To: <AANLkTikjE300OFhGzjTKzTmpFdQQOW0iUHMjA_WfZBRN@mail.gmail.com> (Nico Williams's message of "Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:44:16 -0500")
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: [kitten] RFC5802: question about unknown-user error
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I've been thinking a lot about error handling lately.
I don't think I've chimed into this thread.
My position with my security geek hat firmly placed on is:

There is significant value to reporting detailed error in the security
mechanism not in the application protocol.  You need the detailed errors
to deal with a number of user interface issues, and in most deployments
it has been my experience that the information an attacker could gain
from detailed errors is already present elsewhere in the environment.
You need the errors in the security mechanism not in the application
protocol when your mechanisms are part of a platform, because a number
of user experience items, such as the appropriate credentials to use for
a given service, may be influenced at a platform level. So, the platform
needs to be able to interpret the error reporting state. It's relatively
easy to pass the error up to the application.  It tends not to be the
case that the error gets passed down effectively from the application to
the platform.  So, better behavior is possible for platforms to
implement when errors are reported at the mechanism level.

I agree there are environments where general error reporting is
desirable.

I suspect that if I reviewed the 4422 guidance I'd think it was too
strong.

I am not an implementor or user of scram: my comments are to the general
issue.

From mrex@sap.com  Tue Mar 29 14:14:51 2011
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From: Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com>
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Sam Hartman wrote:
> 
> I do not think this solves any of the need for context parameters I've
> been running into lately.  I do think I want context parameters but I
> don't think I want that so I can select between a compile-time set of
> profiles.  Instead, I think I want it so I can have additional
> configuration functions (I.E. setters) for the context.
> 
> So, at least for the use cases I know I have, this proposal would not
> help.
> 
> I do share Martin's concern that you do not want to build more
> mechglue-specific information into gssapi.h without a lot more thought.


I had exchanged two more private EMails with Nico on this,
and as far as I understand, he is looking for a possibility to select
between different sets/profiles of default credentials.

I don't think that the "desired_name" parameter should be abused
for this purpose, and I also don't like the idea of a compile time
#define side effect rather than a programmatic feature.


Ideally, the additional requirements that have been piling up
(requesting specific attributes or selecting a profile, or
 offering a callback for password prompting a human user)
should be implemented with a new GSS-API call gss_acquire_cred_ex().

New API calls may incur a certain overhead for extremely layered
software stacks (including mechglue), so maybe Nico would prefer
to overload the semantics of the existing API call and parameters.

Personally, I would recommend to look at the gss_OID_set "desired_mechs"
parameter to gss_acquire_cred() or the "desired_mech" parameter
to gss_add_cred().

The ASN.1 OID space is virtually unlimited, and one might define OIDs
that aren't OIDs itself, but rather request for certain attributes
or profiles, so that this sequence of calls:

   def_cred = gss_acquire_cred( GSS_C_NO_NAME, GSS_C_NO_OID_SET)

   def_imap_cred = gss_add_cred( def_cred, IMAP_CRED_PROFILE_OID );

might be able to do what Nico is looking for (and the second call
would fail for mechanisms that don't recognize that non-mech-OID)


-Martin


I just noticed an (editorial) defect in rfc2743 at the top of page 38 
within 2.1.4:  GSS_Add_cred call, where it lists two output parameters
"cred_usage" and "mech_set" which probably should not be there.
"cred_usage" is already listed under input parameters an a pure input
parameter in the C-Bindings (rfc-2744), and "mech_set" appears to be
a duplicate of the "acutal_mechs" output parameter.


From mrex@sap.com  Tue Mar 29 14:19:06 2011
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From: Martin Rex <mrex@sap.com>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] PGSSAPI, take two
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I'm sorry for the typo.
            s/that aren't OIDs itself/that aren't Mechanism-OIDs/
already applied in the quoted text.


Martin Rex wrote:
> 
> Sam Hartman wrote:
> > 
> > I do not think this solves any of the need for context parameters I've
> > been running into lately.  I do think I want context parameters but I
> > don't think I want that so I can select between a compile-time set of
> > profiles.  Instead, I think I want it so I can have additional
> > configuration functions (I.E. setters) for the context.
> > 
> > So, at least for the use cases I know I have, this proposal would not
> > help.
> > 
> > I do share Martin's concern that you do not want to build more
> > mechglue-specific information into gssapi.h without a lot more thought.
> 
> 
> I had exchanged two more private EMails with Nico on this,
> and as far as I understand, he is looking for a possibility to select
> between different sets/profiles of default credentials.
> 
> I don't think that the "desired_name" parameter should be abused
> for this purpose, and I also don't like the idea of a compile time
> #define side effect rather than a programmatic feature.
> 
> 
> Ideally, the additional requirements that have been piling up
> (requesting specific attributes or selecting a profile, or
>  offering a callback for password prompting a human user)
> should be implemented with a new GSS-API call gss_acquire_cred_ex().
> 
> New API calls may incur a certain overhead for extremely layered
> software stacks (including mechglue), so maybe Nico would prefer
> to overload the semantics of the existing API call and parameters.
> 
> Personally, I would recommend to look at the gss_OID_set "desired_mechs"
> parameter to gss_acquire_cred() or the "desired_mech" parameter
> to gss_add_cred().
> 
> The ASN.1 OID space is virtually unlimited, and one might define OIDs
> that aren't Mechanism-OIDs, but rather request for certain attributes
> or profiles, so that this sequence of calls:
> 
>    def_cred = gss_acquire_cred( GSS_C_NO_NAME, GSS_C_NO_OID_SET)
> 
>    def_imap_cred = gss_add_cred( def_cred, IMAP_CRED_PROFILE_OID );
> 
> might be able to do what Nico is looking for (and the second call
> would fail for mechanisms that don't recognize that non-mech-OID)
> 
> 
> -Martin
> 
> 
> I just noticed an (editorial) defect in rfc2743 at the top of page 38 
> within 2.1.4:  GSS_Add_cred call, where it lists two output parameters
> "cred_usage" and "mech_set" which probably should not be there.
> "cred_usage" is already listed under input parameters an a pure input
> parameter in the C-Bindings (rfc-2744), and "mech_set" appears to be
> a duplicate of the "acutal_mechs" output parameter.

From shawn.emery@oracle.com  Thu Mar 31 01:11:11 2011
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This message officially starts the Kitten Working Group Last Call for
the following document:

A SASL and GSS-API Mechanism for SAML
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-kitten-sasl-saml-02

The Working Group Last Call for this document starts today on Thursday,
March 31st and will end on Thursday, April 14th.

Please send any comments to the Kitten mailing list or directly to the
chairs.  Feed-back from reviews that found no issues are also welcome.

Thank you,

Shawn.
--


From stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie  Thu Mar 31 09:32:28 2011
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This looks fine to me. Pretty comprehensive.

One nit, two questions.

1. I'd get rid of the note after the abstract, but leaving
it there is fine.

2. Why only pick DIGEST-MD5 and not e.g PLAIN as well?
(I'm not complaining, any reasonable answer I can pass
on if asked will be fine I think.)

3. Do you know if there are any uses of this mechanism
that'd be badly affected by obsoleting this, and where
new code is likely to be written/deployed? (As for
point 2 above. Just saying "not that we know" is fine
here.)

There's no need for loads of responses, e.g. the shepherd
could just answer giving folks a chance to disagree.

Thanks,
S.

PS: This is my 1st doc to handle as AD. Apologies in
advance if I muck up the process:-)


From alexey.melnikov@isode.com  Thu Mar 31 09:40:43 2011
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Stephen Farrell wrote:

>This looks fine to me. Pretty comprehensive.
>
>One nit, two questions.
>
>1. I'd get rid of the note after the abstract, but leaving
>it there is fine.
>  
>
Ok. Can I do this after IETF LC?

>2. Why only pick DIGEST-MD5 and not e.g PLAIN as well?
>(I'm not complaining, any reasonable answer I can pass
>on if asked will be fine I think.)
>  
>
Because PLAIN is actually more interoperable ;-)?

>3. Do you know if there are any uses of this mechanism
>that'd be badly affected by obsoleting this, and where
>new code is likely to be written/deployed? (As for
>point 2 above. Just saying "not that we know" is fine
>here.)
>  
>
Not that I know. I think there are enough SCRAM implementations now, so 
I expect more SCRAM implementations than DIGEST-MD5 to be written in the 
future.

>There's no need for loads of responses, e.g. the shepherd
>could just answer giving folks a chance to disagree.
>
>Thanks,
>S.
>
>PS: This is my 1st doc to handle as AD. Apologies in
>advance if I muck up the process:-)
>
You are doing fine so far. Have no doubts: I will tell you if you do 
something wrong ;-).

From hartmans@mit.edu  Thu Mar 31 10:12:46 2011
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>>>>> "Stephen" == Stephen Farrell <stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie> writes:


    Stephen> 3. Do you know if there are any uses of this mechanism
    Stephen> that'd be badly affected by obsoleting this, and where new
    Stephen> code is likely to be written/deployed? (As for point 2
    Stephen> above. Just saying "not that we know" is fine here.)

    Stephen> There's no need for loads of responses, e.g. the shepherd
    Stephen> could just answer giving folks a chance to disagree.

    Stephen> Thanks, S.

    Stephen> PS: This is my 1st doc to handle as AD. Apologies in
    Stephen> advance if I muck up the process:-)

    Stephen> _______________________________________________ Kitten
    Stephen> mailing list Kitten@ietf.org
    Stephen> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten

The pattern of plain+TLS is secure under the assumption that yo,u are
talking to the right server and that server is adequately trusted.
This pattern is very common on the web and for similar reasons in other
application protocols.
(sasl plain is not used on the web, but it would be silly to get rid of
this pattern from say IMAP before we do with http)

Consider for example what a server can do if its password store is
backed by some hash function like the unix crypt() call.
In such a case, where there is no challenge/response protocol
standardized with the right hash function, you're kind of stuck with
plain.
This happens quite commonly.

Other software deployment patterns, for example redirecting password
authentication through some stack such as PAM, also ends up requiring a
plaintext password on the server.

While these patterns are not as secure they are very common.

From hartmans@mit.edu  Thu Mar 31 10:19:02 2011
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From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
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Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2011 13:20:35 -0400
In-Reply-To: <201103292116.p2TLGIJC004475@fs4113.wdf.sap.corp> (Martin Rex's message of "Tue, 29 Mar 2011 23:16:18 +0200 (MEST)")
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Subject: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
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As an FYI, I don't think a callback for obtaining a password is a good
fit for use cases I care about.

There are a number of reasons.
One of the big ones has to do with common application design patterns.
Particularly because GSS-API blocks, it is desirable to run GSS-API in
separate threads from the user interface.
On several (all?) platforms, the user-interface typically runs in a
single thread with an event loop.
Having a callback rather than an asynchronous interface that wants UI is
problematic for these environments.

You *can* do it. Graphical login programs that interact with the PAM
stack are forced to do so.
However, it significantly complicates the application design.

Instead, I'd rather know that I could have initiated communication with
a particular service had passwords been supplied.

From Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE  Thu Mar 31 10:22:53 2011
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Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2011 19:24:23 +0200
From: Volker Lendecke <Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE>
To: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
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On Thu, Mar 31, 2011 at 01:20:35PM -0400, Sam Hartman wrote:
> As an FYI, I don't think a callback for obtaining a password is a good
> fit for use cases I care about.
> 
> There are a number of reasons.
> One of the big ones has to do with common application design patterns.
> Particularly because GSS-API blocks, it is desirable to run GSS-API in
> separate threads from the user interface.
> On several (all?) platforms, the user-interface typically runs in a
> single thread with an event loop.
> Having a callback rather than an asynchronous interface that wants UI is
> problematic for these environments.
> 
> You *can* do it. Graphical login programs that interact with the PAM
> stack are forced to do so.
> However, it significantly complicates the application design.
> 
> Instead, I'd rather know that I could have initiated communication with
> a particular service had passwords been supplied.

While there -- some years ago I have had some chat with a
Kerberos developer about async non-blocking GSS-API. Is
there any work being done in that direction?

Thanks,

Volker

-- 
SerNet GmbH, Bahnhofsallee 1b, 37081 Göttingen
phone: +49-551-370000-0, fax: +49-551-370000-9
AG Göttingen, HRB 2816, GF: Dr. Johannes Loxen

From nico@cryptonector.com  Thu Mar 31 10:36:41 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
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On Thu, Mar 31, 2011 at 12:20 PM, Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu> wrote:
> As an FYI, I don't think a callback for obtaining a password is a good
> fit for use cases I care about.
>
> There are a number of reasons.
> One of the big ones has to do with common application design patterns.
> Particularly because GSS-API blocks, it is desirable to run GSS-API in
> separate threads from the user interface.
> On several (all?) platforms, the user-interface typically runs in a
> single thread with an event loop.
> Having a callback rather than an asynchronous interface that wants UI is
> problematic for these environments.
>
> You *can* do it. Graphical login programs that interact with the PAM
> stack are forced to do so.
> However, it significantly complicates the application design.

Well, PAM simply can't handle async anything.  Specifically it cannot
cancel current prompts (well, it might be possible to cancel the
thread that is running the PAM conversation function, but thread
cancellation in general seems like an iffy proposition).

Ideally the API would have async built-in, including async prompt cancellation.

What we need to do is: a) design portable and non-portable (well,
portablish, using a libevent-ABI-compatible set of function pointers
for hooking into the app's event loop) async GSS API, b) add in an
extension for interaction callbacks, c) add a function by which to
request cancellation of outstanding operations.

> Instead, I'd rather know that I could have initiated communication with
> a particular service had passwords been supplied.

That pattern is not really available for all mechanisms.  However, we
could have a mechanism attribute that indicates whether the initial
gss_init_sec_context() call succeeds only if there are target-specific
credentials cached (I don't have time to check, but, IIRC, we do have
such an attribute).

Nico
--

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Subject: Re: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
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On Thu, Mar 31, 2011 at 12:24 PM, Volker Lendecke
<Volker.Lendecke@sernet.de> wrote:
> While there -- some years ago I have had some chat with a
> Kerberos developer about async non-blocking GSS-API. Is
> there any work being done in that direction?

If async krb5 APIs materialize then it wouldn't be too hard to build
async GSS interfaces.

Last time I talked to Love I convinced him, I think (Love, correct me
if I'm misremembering please!) that we could do something like this:

 - add a libevent function pointer set and event base argument to the
functions we want to be async

Apps that use libevent can be made to use such GSS async APIs trivially.

Apss that don't use libevent need to provide libevent-ABI-compatible
wrappers to their event loops.

I.e., let's standardize the libevent API/ABI without having to force
everyone to use libevent proper.

Given the widespread ports of libevent, and its popularity, this seems
like the best approach to me.

Nico
--

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Subject: [kitten] Channel binding requirements.
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I asked this before but I did not see an answer.=A0 Is message integrity in=
 the mechanism a requirement for correct support of channel binding?=A0 I b=
elieve the answer to this is yes, because an intelligent MITM can simply mo=
dify the channel binding payload in flight otherwise, and this would be und=
etectable to the endpoints.=0A=0AI ask because I am trying to determine how=
 to correctly allow for CB in the OAuth mechanism.=0A=0AThanks,=0A=0A-bill=
=0A
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<html><body><div style=3D"color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:ti=
mes new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt">I asked this before b=
ut I did not see an answer.&nbsp; Is message integrity in the mechanism a r=
equirement for correct support of channel binding?&nbsp; I believe the answ=
er to this is yes, because an intelligent MITM can simply modify the channe=
l binding payload in flight otherwise, and this would be undetectable to th=
e endpoints.<br><br>I ask because I am trying to determine how to correctly=
 allow for CB in the OAuth mechanism.<br><br>Thanks,<br><br>-bill<br></div>=
</body></html>
--0-401891442-1301594349=:11217--

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Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2011 13:07:36 -0500
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Channel binding requirements.
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On Thu, Mar 31, 2011 at 12:59 PM, William J. Mills <wmills@yahoo-inc.com> w=
rote:
> I asked this before but I did not see an answer.=C2=A0 Is message integri=
ty in
> the mechanism a requirement for correct support of channel binding?=C2=A0=
 I
> believe the answer to this is yes, because an intelligent MITM can simply
> modify the channel binding payload in flight otherwise, and this would be
> undetectable to the endpoints.
>
> I ask because I am trying to determine how to correctly allow for CB in t=
he
> OAuth mechanism.

You need something akin to integrity protection.  If you have
integrity protection, that will do.  If you have any sort of key
exchange then you can either add integrity protection OR mix the CB
into the key derivation for the key exchange.

OTOH, if you have no key exchange whatsoever, and no keying material
of any sort (e.g., as we do in SCRAM, where we derive a key from a
password, salt and iteration count), then you may not be able to do CB
(I'm thinking though that if you have trusted third parties that can
validate CB for you, then you can; presumably you'd be using TLS to
authenticate the trusted third party).

Nico
--

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Subject: Re: [kitten] Channel binding requirements.
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OK, this makes sense.=A0 Some of the OAuth profiles within this mechanism h=
ave a shared secret and sign the messages.=A0 In those cases we can perform=
 correct channel binding.=A0 I'll put that language into the mechanism draf=
t spec.=A0 Thank you.=0A=0A-bill=0A=0A=0A=0A_______________________________=
_=0AFrom: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>=0ATo: William J. Mills <wmi=
lls@yahoo-inc.com>=0ACc: "kitten@ietf.org" <kitten@ietf.org>=0ASent: Thursd=
ay, March 31, 2011 11:07 AM=0ASubject: Re: [kitten] Channel binding require=
ments.=0A=0AOn Thu, Mar 31, 2011 at 12:59 PM, William J. Mills <wmills@yaho=
o-inc.com> wrote:=0A> I asked this before but I did not see an answer.=A0 I=
s message integrity in=0A> the mechanism a requirement for correct support =
of channel binding?=A0 I=0A> believe the answer to this is yes, because an =
intelligent MITM can simply=0A> modify the channel binding payload in fligh=
t otherwise, and this would be=0A> undetectable to the endpoints.=0A>=0A> I=
 ask because I am trying to determine how to correctly allow for CB in the=
=0A> OAuth mechanism.=0A=0AYou need something akin to integrity protection.=
=A0 If you have=0Aintegrity protection, that will do.=A0 If you have any so=
rt of key=0Aexchange then you can either add integrity protection OR mix th=
e CB=0Ainto the key derivation for the key exchange.=0A=0AOTOH, if you have=
 no key exchange whatsoever, and no keying material=0Aof any sort (e.g., as=
 we do in SCRAM, where we derive a key from a=0Apassword, salt and iteratio=
n count), then you may not be able to do CB=0A(I'm thinking though that if =
you have trusted third parties that can=0Avalidate CB for you, then you can=
; presumably you'd be using TLS to=0Aauthenticate the trusted third party).=
=0A=0ANico=0A--
--0-1381498973-1301595365=:11217
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<html><body><div style=3D"color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:ti=
mes new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt"><div><span>OK, this m=
akes sense.&nbsp; Some of the OAuth profiles within this mechanism have a s=
hared secret and sign the messages.&nbsp; In those cases we can perform cor=
rect channel binding.&nbsp; I'll put that language into the mechanism draft=
 spec.&nbsp; Thank you.</span></div><div><br><span></span></div><div><span>=
-bill<br></span></div><div><br></div><div style=3D"font-family: times new r=
oman, new york, times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><div style=3D"font-family: =
times new roman, new york, times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font face=3D"Ar=
ial" size=3D"2"><hr size=3D"1"><b><span style=3D"font-weight:bold;">From:</=
span></b> Nico Williams &lt;nico@cryptonector.com&gt;<br><b><span style=3D"=
font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> William J. Mills &lt;wmills@yahoo-inc.co=
m&gt;<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Cc:</span></b> "kitten@ietf.=
org"
 &lt;kitten@ietf.org&gt;<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Sent:</sp=
an></b> Thursday, March 31, 2011 11:07 AM<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight:=
 bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: [kitten] Channel binding requirements.<br><=
/font><br>=0AOn Thu, Mar 31, 2011 at 12:59 PM, William J. Mills &lt;<a ymai=
lto=3D"mailto:wmills@yahoo-inc.com" href=3D"mailto:wmills@yahoo-inc.com">wm=
ills@yahoo-inc.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>&gt; I asked this before but I did not=
 see an answer.&nbsp; Is message integrity in<br>&gt; the mechanism a requi=
rement for correct support of channel binding?&nbsp; I<br>&gt; believe the =
answer to this is yes, because an intelligent MITM can simply<br>&gt; modif=
y the channel binding payload in flight otherwise, and this would be<br>&gt=
; undetectable to the endpoints.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I ask because I am trying =
to determine how to correctly allow for CB in the<br>&gt; OAuth mechanism.<=
br><br>You need something akin to integrity protection.&nbsp; If you have<b=
r>integrity protection, that will do.&nbsp; If you have any sort of key<br>=
exchange then you can either add integrity protection OR mix the CB<br>into=
 the key derivation for the key exchange.<br><br>OTOH, if you have no key e=
xchange
 whatsoever, and no keying material<br>of any sort (e.g., as we do in SCRAM=
, where we derive a key from a<br>password, salt and iteration count), then=
 you may not be able to do CB<br>(I'm thinking though that if you have trus=
ted third parties that can<br>validate CB for you, then you can; presumably=
 you'd be using TLS to<br>authenticate the trusted third party).<br><br>Nic=
o<br>--<br><br><br></div></div></div></body></html>
--0-1381498973-1301595365=:11217--

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From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Love_H=F6rnquist_=C5strand?= <lha@kth.se>
To: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
Thread-Topic: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
Thread-Index: AQHL78f6DaOWjsC9sEaro3HoSov1FJRHnkgA
Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2011 18:16:01 +0000
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
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I agree with this, a callback will simply not work for the use cases =
what I care about.

This is esp true for GUI apps.

Love

31 mar 2011 kl. 10.20 skrev Sam Hartman:

> As an FYI, I don't think a callback for obtaining a password is a good
> fit for use cases I care about.
>=20
> There are a number of reasons.
> One of the big ones has to do with common application design patterns.
> Particularly because GSS-API blocks, it is desirable to run GSS-API in
> separate threads from the user interface.
> On several (all?) platforms, the user-interface typically runs in a
> single thread with an event loop.
> Having a callback rather than an asynchronous interface that wants UI =
is
> problematic for these environments.
>=20
> You *can* do it. GrapAl

> hical login programs that interact with the PAM
> stack are forced to do so.
> However, it significantly complicates the application design.
>=20
> Instead, I'd rather know that I could have initiated communication =
with
> a particular service had passwords been supplied.
> _______________________________________________
> Kitten mailing list
> Kitten@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten


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To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
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31 mar 2011 kl. 10.50 skrev Nico Williams:

> Last time I talked to Love I convinced him, I think (Love, correct me
> if I'm misremembering please!) that we could do something like this:

Standardizing on libevent is a non starter for me.

Love



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From Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE  Thu Mar 31 12:40:24 2011
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Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2011 21:39:59 +0200
From: Volker Lendecke <Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE>
To: Love =?iso-8859-1?Q?H=F6rnquist_=C5strand?= <lha@kth.se>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
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On Thu, Mar 31, 2011 at 06:19:01PM +0000, Love Hörnquist Åstrand wrote:
> 
> 31 mar 2011 kl. 10.50 skrev Nico Williams:
> 
> > Last time I talked to Love I convinced him, I think (Love, correct me
> > if I'm misremembering please!) that we could do something like this:
> 
> Standardizing on libevent is a non starter for me.

The Avahi API might be worth a look:

http://avahi.org/download/doxygen/struct_avahi_poll.html

It might need extensions, but for pure socket and timeout
operations something like that looks like a good start.

It was pretty easy to integrate this int Samba's event loop.
I could imagine that other event loops are similar in this
respect.

Volker

-- 
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From nico@cryptonector.com  Thu Mar 31 13:34:26 2011
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Also, note that I was a fan of a callback-only API as the standard,
and then Love told me that'd be a non-starter for Samba folks, yet
it's also what Love prefers.

So then let me try one more proposal:

 - A standard set of new GSS functions that simply take a completion
callback function and data pointers, with all output parameters passed
to the callback.

 - An optional to implement set of new GSS functions that take an
event loop as an argument, where the event loop consists of a vector
of libevent-like functions (same prototypes, semantics) and a data
pointer that corresponds to a libevent event base.

   - Maybe N more optional to implement variants using different event
loop APIs.

I think this is pretty much what my last offer had been when we last
talked about this.

This should be relatively simple to implement and use, assuming
underlying Kerberos (and other) async APIs.

Nico
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From lukeh@padl.com  Thu Mar 31 15:24:20 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
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Async krb5 apis shipped in MIT 1.9. I think they exist in Heimdal for the AS.

Von meinem iPhone gesendet

Am 01/04/2011 um 4:50 schrieb Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>:

> On Thu, Mar 31, 2011 at 12:24 PM, Volker Lendecke
> <Volker.Lendecke@sernet.de> wrote:
>> While there -- some years ago I have had some chat with a
>> Kerberos developer about async non-blocking GSS-API. Is
>> there any work being done in that direction?
> 
> If async krb5 APIs materialize then it wouldn't be too hard to build
> async GSS interfaces.
> 
> Last time I talked to Love I convinced him, I think (Love, correct me
> if I'm misremembering please!) that we could do something like this:
> 
> - add a libevent function pointer set and event base argument to the
> functions we want to be async
> 
> Apps that use libevent can be made to use such GSS async APIs trivially.
> 
> Apss that don't use libevent need to provide libevent-ABI-compatible
> wrappers to their event loops.
> 
> I.e., let's standardize the libevent API/ABI without having to force
> everyone to use libevent proper.
> 
> Given the widespread ports of libevent, and its popularity, this seems
> like the best approach to me.
> 
> Nico
> --
> _______________________________________________
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> Kitten@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten

From jhutz@cmu.edu  Thu Mar 31 15:31:15 2011
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Channel binding requirements.
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On Thu, 2011-03-31 at 10:59 -0700, William J. Mills wrote:
> I asked this before but I did not see an answer.  Is message integrity
> in the mechanism a requirement for correct support of channel binding?
> I believe the answer to this is yes, because an intelligent MITM can
> simply modify the channel binding payload in flight otherwise, and
> this would be undetectable to the endpoints.

You need some means of providing integrity protection for channel
bindings.  This does not mean you need to provide the GSSAPI message
integrity service or a SASL security layer, both of which require you to
be able to integrity-protect traffic carried afgter context
establishment is complete.  So, for example, a public-key-signature
mechanism which includes channel bindings in the data it signs during
context establishment would provide channel bindings, but not
necessarily the message integrity service.

It is most desirable to provide channel bindings, PRF, message
integrity, and message confidentiality; various existing GSS-API
applications depend on each of these.  However, given any of the first
three (or a shared, session-specific secret), we can show you how to
derive the rest (however, if the thing you start with is not PRF or a
key, then the derivation will likely involve a key exchange protocol
like DH, which can be expensive).

-- Jeff



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To: Love =?utf-8?Q?H=C3=B6rnquist_=C3=85strand?= <lha@kth.se>
References: <201103292116.p2TLGIJC004475@fs4113.wdf.sap.corp> <tslsju3tdek.fsf@mit.edu> <E1Q5Lbg-00Aw2j-P1@intern.SerNet.DE> <AANLkTi=fjzwY3t9No4mvpa3g5P2v076orfjjPSYf14Uf@mail.gmail.com> <6E55A187-4E26-4B85-92D1-D070D6324EBB@kth.se>
From: Tom Yu <tlyu@MIT.EDU>
Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2011 20:29:15 -0400
In-Reply-To: <6E55A187-4E26-4B85-92D1-D070D6324EBB@kth.se> (Love =?utf-8?Q?H=C3=B6rnquist_=C3=85strand's?= message of "Thu, 31 Mar 2011 18:19:01 +0000")
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Callback for Password not so good
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Love H=C3=B6rnquist =C3=85strand <lha@kth.se> writes:

> 31 mar 2011 kl. 10.50 skrev Nico Williams:
>
>> Last time I talked to Love I convinced him, I think (Love, correct me
>> if I'm misremembering please!) that we could do something like this:
>
> Standardizing on libevent is a non starter for me.

So you want a non-callback approach that doesn't require libevent?
Would you please elaborate on what your constraints are?

From wmills@yahoo-inc.com  Thu Mar 31 21:17:28 2011
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Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2011 21:19:05 -0700 (PDT)
From: "William J. Mills" <wmills@yahoo-inc.com>
To: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Channel binding requirements.
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In some cases I'll have a shared secret, but not in all cases.=0A=0A=0A=0A_=
_______________________________=0AFrom: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>=
=0ATo: William J. Mills <wmills@yahoo-inc.com>=0ACc: jhutz@cmu.edu; "kitten=
@ietf.org" <kitten@ietf.org>=0ASent: Thursday, March 31, 2011 3:32 PM=0ASub=
ject: Re: [kitten] Channel binding requirements.=0A=0AOn Thu, 2011-03-31 at=
 10:59 -0700, William J. Mills wrote:=0A> I asked this before but I did not=
 see an answer.=A0 Is message integrity=0A> in the mechanism a requirement =
for correct support of channel binding?=0A> I believe the answer to this is=
 yes, because an intelligent MITM can=0A> simply modify the channel binding=
 payload in flight otherwise, and=0A> this would be undetectable to the end=
points.=0A=0AYou need some means of providing integrity protection for chan=
nel=0Abindings.=A0 This does not mean you need to provide the GSSAPI messag=
e=0Aintegrity service or a SASL security layer, both of which require you t=
o=0Abe able to integrity-protect traffic carried afgter context=0Aestablish=
ment is complete.=A0 So, for example, a public-key-signature=0Amechanism wh=
ich includes channel bindings in the data it signs during=0Acontext establi=
shment would provide channel bindings, but not=0Anecessarily the message in=
tegrity service.=0A=0AIt is most desirable to provide channel bindings, PRF=
, message=0Aintegrity, and message confidentiality; various existing GSS-AP=
I=0Aapplications depend on each of these.=A0 However, given any of the firs=
t=0Athree (or a shared, session-specific secret), we can show you how to=0A=
derive the rest (however, if the thing you start with is not PRF or a=0Akey=
, then the derivation will likely involve a key exchange protocol=0Alike DH=
, which can be expensive).=0A=0A-- Jeff
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<html><body><div style=3D"color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:ti=
mes new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt"><div><span>In some ca=
ses I'll have a shared secret, but not in all cases.<br></span></div><div><=
br></div><div style=3D"font-family: times new roman, new york, times, serif=
; font-size: 12pt;"><div style=3D"font-family: times new roman, new york, t=
imes, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><font face=3D"Arial" size=3D"2"><hr size=3D"=
1"><b><span style=3D"font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> Jeffrey Hutzelman =
&lt;jhutz@cmu.edu&gt;<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">To:</span></=
b> William J. Mills &lt;wmills@yahoo-inc.com&gt;<br><b><span style=3D"font-=
weight: bold;">Cc:</span></b> jhutz@cmu.edu; "kitten@ietf.org" &lt;kitten@i=
etf.org&gt;<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Thurs=
day, March 31, 2011 3:32 PM<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold;">Subjec=
t:</span></b> Re: [kitten] Channel binding requirements.<br></font><br>=0AO=
n Thu, 2011-03-31 at 10:59 -0700, William J. Mills wrote:<br>&gt; I asked t=
his before but I did not see an answer.&nbsp; Is message integrity<br>&gt; =
in the mechanism a requirement for correct support of channel binding?<br>&=
gt; I believe the answer to this is yes, because an intelligent MITM can<br=
>&gt; simply modify the channel binding payload in flight otherwise, and<br=
>&gt; this would be undetectable to the endpoints.<br><br>You need some mea=
ns of providing integrity protection for channel<br>bindings.&nbsp; This do=
es not mean you need to provide the GSSAPI message<br>integrity service or =
a SASL security layer, both of which require you to<br>be able to integrity=
-protect traffic carried afgter context<br>establishment is complete.&nbsp;=
 So, for example, a public-key-signature<br>mechanism which includes channe=
l bindings in the data it signs during<br>context establishment would provi=
de channel bindings, but not<br>necessarily the message integrity
 service.<br><br>It is most desirable to provide channel bindings, PRF, mes=
sage<br>integrity, and message confidentiality; various existing GSS-API<br=
>applications depend on each of these.&nbsp; However, given any of the firs=
t<br>three (or a shared, session-specific secret), we can show you how to<b=
r>derive the rest (however, if the thing you start with is not PRF or a<br>=
key, then the derivation will likely involve a key exchange protocol<br>lik=
e DH, which can be expensive).<br><br>-- Jeff<br><br><br><br><br></div></di=
v></div></body></html>
--0-2113692669-1301631545=:75106--
