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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, precis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 5/3/13 1:39 PM, Nico Williams wrote:

> Please forgive my apparent apathy.  I lost track of this due to
> business travel.

And please forgive my delay in replying. It's good to know you're not
apathetic. And as you can tell, we're proceeding rather slowly with
this work. That doesn't mean it is unimportant. This recent example
from the blogosphere might of interest:

http://labs.spotify.com/2013/06/18/creative-usernames/

PRECIS might have helped those folks avoid some significant pain.

> I'm not sure where the case mapping requirement for usernames came 
> from.

Are you referring to global case mapping or local case mapping?

> I guess it has something to do with the Turkish I and such.

Yes, that is a nasty problem with even nastier consequences:

http://gizmodo.com/382026/a-cellphones-missing-dot-kills-two-people-puts-three-more-in-jail

Just to be clear, that's an issue of what we're calling local case
mapping (where locale is taken into consideration).

> I can't say I'm excited about this case mapping requirement; if
> anything it strikes as silly.

In general, the opinion so far has been that, say, StPeter is treated
the same as stpeter when it comes to authentication and authorization
based on usernames. Do you disagree? If so, why? For example, would
you be inclined to leave this up to the protocol that uses SASL (say,
IMAP or XMPP) instead of specifying it in SASLprepbis?

> Why would we apply mappings to usernames (which are sent on the
> wire) that we don't apply to passwords (which servers generally
> don't get the plaintext of)?  We need mappings for passwords to
> make password entry reliable.  The same does NOT apply to
> usernames.

My naÃ¯ve perspective is that the combination of username and password
is your credential (for password-based systems). If I provide StPeter
and AUrwyaxDQ6rH68OefESL as my username and password, IMHO we sure
want the password to be treated in a case-sensitive manner (since that
reduces the possibility of false positives), whereas we want the
username to be treated in a case-insensitive manner (since most
application protocols treat StPeter@example.com as the same account as
stpeter@example.com).

> Also, looking at SASLprep and PRECIS, I see no mention of query 
> strings vs. display vs. storage.  These distinctions matter.  But 
> maybe I'm just failing to search for the right terms.

Would you be so kind as to expand on that a bit? I'd like to make sure
I understand what you mean by each of those terms.

> Heck, we're not even told whether these rules should be applied by
> the client, the server, or both.

That is a very good point. This was something that bit us in RFC 3920
(for XMPP) and we've cleared that up in 6122bis:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis-07#section-3

In my experience, we can *say* that the client needs to do this, but
the server will need to do it anyway since it can't trust the client
to do the right thing. However, for passwords (which, as you note, we
hope the server never sees in plaintext) the client would need to
enforce the rules.

> Anyways, I'm for applying as few transformations as possible to 
> usernames on the *client* side and leaving the server to apply 
> RECOMMENDED, and a few REQUIRED rules for matching.

I'd agree with that sentiment.

> I don't see room for case folding in general,

Even on the server side? Again, do you think it would be better to
leave that up to the application?

> but I do for specific cases (e.g., Turkish I handling).

Unfortunately, local case mapping might be difficult for the server to
perform because it doesn't necessarily have information about the
locale of the user. So this is something that might best be handled at
the client.

> If this review is too late to make a difference, well, c'est la
> vie. But do give the above some thought before rejecting my
> comments for being late.  Once more, I'm sorry I let this slip.

You are not too late and your comments are important!

Peter

- -- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/


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From nico@cryptonector.com  Tue Jul  2 16:20:47 2013
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, precis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On Tue, Jul 2, 2013 at 2:56 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrot=
e:
> On 5/3/13 1:39 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>
>> Please forgive my apparent apathy.  I lost track of this due to
>> business travel.
>
> And please forgive my delay in replying. It's good to know you're not
> apathetic. And as you can tell, we're proceeding rather slowly with
> this work. That doesn't mean it is unimportant. This recent example
> from the blogosphere might of interest:
>
> http://labs.spotify.com/2013/06/18/creative-usernames/
>
> PRECIS might have helped those folks avoid some significant pain.
>
>> I'm not sure where the case mapping requirement for usernames came
>> from.
>
> Are you referring to global case mapping or local case mapping?
>
>> I guess it has something to do with the Turkish I and such.
>
> Yes, that is a nasty problem with even nastier consequences:
>
> http://gizmodo.com/382026/a-cellphones-missing-dot-kills-two-people-puts-=
three-more-in-jail

!

But that can't apply here.  Or, if anything, case mappings makes it
more likely.  Let's say I'm logged in in some app and it shows the
username I typed in, but because of case mapping some typos are
tolerated, so the username shown could offend someone.  Whereas if I'm
required to type my username exactly one way (not including NF) then
that can't happen.  So if anything that link indicates we should not
have case mappings here...  :)

> Just to be clear, that's an issue of what we're calling local case
> mapping (where locale is taken into consideration).
>
>> I can't say I'm excited about this case mapping requirement; if
>> anything it strikes as silly.
>
> In general, the opinion so far has been that, say, StPeter is treated
> the same as stpeter when it comes to authentication and authorization
> based on usernames. Do you disagree? If so, why? For example, would
> you be inclined to leave this up to the protocol that uses SASL (say,
> IMAP or XMPP) instead of specifying it in SASLprepbis?

I think it'd be nice if *servers* got to choose whether to do this.
The principle here is that the server should make right when it comes
to the username.  This means that clients should be pretty much able
to send just about anything as a username and let the server figure it
out.

Whether it's a server application or the mechanisms (or SASL library)
that applies such rules is a different story, and one I don't think I
care much about here.

>> Why would we apply mappings to usernames (which are sent on the
>> wire) that we don't apply to passwords (which servers generally
>> don't get the plaintext of)?  We need mappings for passwords to
>> make password entry reliable.  The same does NOT apply to
>> usernames.
>
> My na=C3=AFve perspective is that the combination of username and passwor=
d
> is your credential (for password-based systems). If I provide StPeter
> and AUrwyaxDQ6rH68OefESL as my username and password, IMHO we sure
> want the password to be treated in a case-sensitive manner (since that
> reduces the possibility of false positives), whereas we want the
> username to be treated in a case-insensitive manner (since most
> application protocols treat StPeter@example.com as the same account as
> stpeter@example.com).

It's not just false positives: many sites require multiple character
classes in password data, but case folding would nullify part of such
policies :)

If the user's password must survive with case intact then the user
must be able to enter it portably (i.e., on many devices).  Surely
asking the same of usernames is not an undue additional burden for the
user.

Still, I don't mind if some site wants to have case-insensitive
usernames.  I just don't want us to impose that policy on *all* sites.

Once again I'm thinking of online games, ones where people often
convey ideas (usually comical ones) via their usernames.  Providing
the most freedom possible here seems like the right thing to do;
requiring case-insensitivity is denying some freedom.

>> Also, looking at SASLprep and PRECIS, I see no mention of query
>> strings vs. display vs. storage.  These distinctions matter.  But
>> maybe I'm just failing to search for the right terms.
>
> Would you be so kind as to expand on that a bit? I'd like to make sure
> I understand what you mean by each of those terms.

Sure.

Query string =3D=3D a string entered by a user in some UI, to be matched
against some thing's name.

Display string =3D=3D a thing's name, as displayed to users in UIs.

Storage string =3D=3D a thing's name as stored, and usually this is the
canonical form of the thing's name.

For example, "nico" might be a query name for my Kerberos principal,
but the display name might be nico@CRYPTONECTOR.COM, and the storage
string will be in some format we don't really care about here but
roughly equivalent to the display string form.

To continue the example, if my KDC was case-insensitive then "Nico"
would also work as a query string; what I get for the display string
might either match the query string or the storage string, and the
storage string could be any of the many case variants of "nico" (but
almost certainly would be case-folded in many implementations).

The relevance here is that we should apply as few transformations as
possible to *query* strings on the client-side and just send them.
What transformations a server applies then can be up to the server
and/or the mechanism (e.g., a federated mechanism might need to apply
transformations specified by it).

SASLprep-like stringpreps are very useful, especially for *passwords*
because passwords may need to be in canonical form because they are
used as inputs to client-side cryptographic functions (e.g., Digest).
But they are less relevant for usernames, unless they too are used as
inputs to client-side cryptographic functions (e.g., as salts), but
even then the username query string might still be sent as-is
separately to the server.

>> Heck, we're not even told whether these rules should be applied by
>> the client, the server, or both.
>
> That is a very good point. This was something that bit us in RFC 3920
> (for XMPP) and we've cleared that up in 6122bis:

This is where the distinction between query, display, and storage (or
canonical) forms comes in.

> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis-07#section-3
>
> In my experience, we can *say* that the client needs to do this, but
> the server will need to do it anyway since it can't trust the client
> to do the right thing. However, for passwords (which, as you note, we
> hope the server never sees in plaintext) the client would need to
> enforce the rules.

Correct, as to the last part.  I don't think we need the client to
apply this to anything that isn't an input to a cryptograhic function
on the client-side -- just send the darned thing as is.

>> Anyways, I'm for applying as few transformations as possible to
>> usernames on the *client* side and leaving the server to apply
>> RECOMMENDED, and a few REQUIRED rules for matching.
>
> I'd agree with that sentiment.

Great.

>> I don't see room for case folding in general,
>
> Even on the server side? Again, do you think it would be better to
> leave that up to the application?

I'd leave it to the site/mechanism/app -- whatever's appropriate.

>> but I do for specific cases (e.g., Turkish I handling).
>
> Unfortunately, local case mapping might be difficult for the server to
> perform because it doesn't necessarily have information about the
> locale of the user. So this is something that might best be handled at
> the client.

Ah, well, if we're dealing in Unicode we could send a language tag in
the string.  That's a non-starter.

But note that the server probably has a username database anyways, so
it knows the relevant language at account-creation time (or should
anyways).

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Tue Jul  2 16:36:09 2013
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Date: Tue, 2 Jul 2013 18:36:03 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Adopting draft-williams-kitten-channel-bound-flag
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On Fri, Jun 21, 2013 at 6:49 PM, Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu> wrote:
> Nico, based on Shawn's consensus call, I believe we have consensus to
> adopt draft-williams-kitten-channel-bound-flag.
>
> based on discussions with Stephen today, we don't need to recharter to
> do that.
> So if you want to submit a 00, the chairs would be happy to approve.

Oh, I thought I had a WG -00.  I didn't, and I missed the deadline for that.

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Subject: Re: [kitten] Adopting draft-williams-kitten-channel-bound-flag
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>>>>> "Nico" == Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:

    Nico> On Fri, Jun 21, 2013 at 6:49 PM, Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu> wrote:
    >> Nico, based on Shawn's consensus call, I believe we have
    >> consensus to adopt draft-williams-kitten-channel-bound-flag.
    >> 
    >> based on discussions with Stephen today, we don't need to
    >> recharter to do that.  So if you want to submit a 00, the chairs
    >> would be happy to approve.

    Nico> Oh, I thought I had a WG -00.  I didn't, and I missed the
    Nico> deadline for that.

No, you missed the fake deadline for that.
If you can get it in and then make sure I approve it before the real 00
deadline everything should work fine.

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul  3 08:57:03 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Adopting draft-williams-kitten-channel-bound-flag
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OK, I'll get it done today.

BTW, I hate these deadlines.

From nico@cryptonector.com  Sun Jul  7 14:37:03 2013
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Subject: [kitten] New I-Ds: channel bound flag and simple + async API
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I've just submitted:

 - draft-ietf-kitten-channel-bound-flag-00 (pending chair approval)

 - draft-williams-kitten-ctx-simple-async-00

The latter really ought to be a working group item, but the charter
does not mention it.  We should probably re-charter to include:

 - extensions that result in API simplification

 - async functionality

 - maybe even interaction functionality (e.g., for IAKERB, ABFAB)
(this is probably more controversial, if only because it's really
difficult to design a decent and generic API for user interaction)

Nico
--

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I've just posted draft-williams-kitten-generic-naming-attributes-00

An implementation can be found here:
https://github.com/nicowilliams/heimdal/tree/name_attrs-rebase1

I believe these should be rather useful.

A common use case would be to authorize host-based initiator
principals by hostname.

Future name attributes that could be added include:

 - the PAC/PAD
 - SIDs/UIDs/GIDs of the principal
 - ...

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Subject: [kitten] I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-channel-bound-flag-00.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Common Authentication Technology Next Gen=
eration Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Channel Binding Signalling for the Generic Security Serv=
ices Application Programming Interface
	Author(s)       : Nicolas Williams
	Filename        : draft-ietf-kitten-channel-bound-flag-00.txt
	Pages           : 13
	Date            : 2013-07-07

Abstract:
   Channel binding is a technique that allows applications to use a
   secure channel at a lower layer without having to use authentication
   at that lower layer.  The concept of channel binding comes from the
   Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS-
   API).  It turns out that the semantics commonly implemented are
   different that those specified in the base GSS-API RFC (RFC2743), and
   that that specification has a serious bug.  This document addresses
   both, the inconsistency as-implemented and the specification bug.

   This Internet-Draft proposes the addition of a "channel bound" return
   flag for the GSS_Init_sec_context() and GSS_Accept_sec_context()
   functions.  Two behaviors are specified: a default, safe behavior
   reflecting existing implementation deployments, and a behavior that
   is only safe when the application specifically tells the GSS-API that
   it (the application) supports the new behavior.  Additional API
   elements related to this are also added, including a new security
   context establishment API.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-kitten-channel-bound-flag

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-kitten-channel-bound-flag-00


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


From tlyu@mit.edu  Tue Jul  9 16:46:35 2013
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From: Tom Yu <tlyu@MIT.EDU>
Date: Tue, 09 Jul 2013 19:46:25 -0400
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Subject: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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I've looked at the diff against the previous version of this document.
Most of the changes look reasonable to me, but the special case
handling of short plaintexts seems too complicated from an
implementation perspective.  I'd prefer to go back to the more widely
accepted practice of CBC mode with explicit IV and PKCS#7-ish padding.

It seems that one of the goals of this effort is to use, as much as
possible, the off-the shelf capabilities of cryptographic modules that
are validated to FIPS 140-2 or other relevant standards.  As far as I
know, few (if any) validated cryptographic modules support CTS mode
directly.

At this point, I think it is useful to try moving away from CTS: the
benefits of CTS do not outweigh the implementation complexity,
particularly when dealing with the short plaintext case.  Implementing
CTS mode has already proven to be a challenge even for the existing
AES-CTS enctypes, and I'm reluctant to magnify that difficulty with
the new enctypes in this document.  Returning to a scheme based on
conventionally padded CBC would further the goal of using the existing
capabilities of validated cryptographic modules, and poses fewer
implementation risks.

Statements from Microsoft imply that the main problems caused by
variable-length ciphertext expansion would be limited to SSPI
applications that do not use the APIs correctly.  SSPI functions exist
such that an application can use to obtain the required lengths for
use with the in-place encryption functions.

I realize we've spent a significant amount of effort trying to make
CTS work in the short-plaintext case.  I'd like to thank to Nico,
Kelley, and others who participated in trying to make CTS mode work in
this specification.  Looking at this document as an implementer, I
think using CTS mode, especially with the short-plaintext special
case, presents too much risk, and I'd like us to consider going back
to a more normal CBC mode.

From lukeh@padl.com  Tue Jul  9 16:53:31 2013
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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The objection to CTR mode is because there is no maximum message size =
and the counter may wrap, or something else?

-- Luke=

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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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Luke Howard <lukeh@padl.com> writes:

> The objection to CTR mode is because there is no maximum message size and the counter may wrap, or something else?

I'm not sure whether plain CTR mode (with HMAC?) was proposed.  GCM
and CCM each have multiple problems, especially when used with
long-term keys.  Repetition of a GCM IV can lead to forgeries, and I
think there were length encoding issues in both GCM and CCM.  I'd have
to check the archives for details, but I think we discussed them
extensively.

From stpeter@stpeter.im  Wed Jul 10 12:01:43 2013
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, precis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 7/2/13 5:20 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
> On Tue, Jul 2, 2013 at 2:56 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>> On 5/3/13 1:39 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>
>>> Please forgive my apparent apathy.  I lost track of this due to
>>> business travel.
>>
>> And please forgive my delay in replying. It's good to know you're not
>> apathetic. And as you can tell, we're proceeding rather slowly with
>> this work. That doesn't mean it is unimportant. This recent example
>> from the blogosphere might of interest:
>>
>> http://labs.spotify.com/2013/06/18/creative-usernames/
>>
>> PRECIS might have helped those folks avoid some significant pain.
>>
>>> I'm not sure where the case mapping requirement for usernames came
>>> from.
>>
>> Are you referring to global case mapping or local case mapping?
>>
>>> I guess it has something to do with the Turkish I and such.
>>
>> Yes, that is a nasty problem with even nastier consequences:
>>
>> http://gizmodo.com/382026/a-cellphones-missing-dot-kills-two-people-puts-three-more-in-jail
> 
> !
> 
> But that can't apply here.  Or, if anything, case mappings makes it
> more likely.  Let's say I'm logged in in some app and it shows the
> username I typed in, but because of case mapping some typos are
> tolerated, so the username shown could offend someone.  Whereas if I'm
> required to type my username exactly one way (not including NF) then
> that can't happen.  So if anything that link indicates we should not
> have case mappings here...  :)
>
>> Just to be clear, that's an issue of what we're calling local case
>> mapping (where locale is taken into consideration).
>>
>>> I can't say I'm excited about this case mapping requirement; if
>>> anything it strikes as silly.
>>
>> In general, the opinion so far has been that, say, StPeter is treated
>> the same as stpeter when it comes to authentication and authorization
>> based on usernames. Do you disagree? If so, why? For example, would
>> you be inclined to leave this up to the protocol that uses SASL (say,
>> IMAP or XMPP) instead of specifying it in SASLprepbis?
> 
> I think it'd be nice if *servers* got to choose whether to do this.
> The principle here is that the server should make right when it comes
> to the username.  This means that clients should be pretty much able
> to send just about anything as a username and let the server figure it
> out.
> 
> Whether it's a server application or the mechanisms (or SASL library)
> that applies such rules is a different story, and one I don't think I
> care much about here.

Ah, I see.

It seems to me that there are numerous layers here:

1. SASL (including preparation and comparison rules)

2. The application protocol that's using SASL (e.g., IMAP)

3. A software implementation of the application protocol, which likely
embeds or links to a SASL implementation (e.g., dovecot)

4. A deployment of said software implementation (e.g., example.net)

By "server" I think you mean a deployment. Correct?

Rather than legislating in saslprepbis that all application protocols
shall leave casemapping up to implementations or deployments, I think
that it would be reasonable for the specification of an application
protocol using SASL (e.g., draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis) to recommend or
require casemapping behavior for all implementations or deployments of
that application protocol, or to leave such decisions up to the
implementation or deployment. For example, perhaps the XMPP spec would
say "all implementations shall perform case mapping, full stop" whereas
the IMAP spec might leave that up to implementations or deployments.

>>> Why would we apply mappings to usernames (which are sent on the
>>> wire) that we don't apply to passwords (which servers generally
>>> don't get the plaintext of)?  We need mappings for passwords to
>>> make password entry reliable.  The same does NOT apply to
>>> usernames.
>>
>> My naÃ¯ve perspective is that the combination of username and password
>> is your credential (for password-based systems). If I provide StPeter
>> and AUrwyaxDQ6rH68OefESL as my username and password, IMHO we sure
>> want the password to be treated in a case-sensitive manner (since that
>> reduces the possibility of false positives), whereas we want the
>> username to be treated in a case-insensitive manner (since most
>> application protocols treat StPeter@example.com as the same account as
>> stpeter@example.com).
> 
> It's not just false positives: many sites require multiple character
> classes in password data, but case folding would nullify part of such
> policies :)

Indeed!

> If the user's password must survive with case intact then the user
> must be able to enter it portably (i.e., on many devices).  Surely
> asking the same of usernames is not an undue additional burden for the
> user.
> 
> Still, I don't mind if some site wants to have case-insensitive
> usernames.  I just don't want us to impose that policy on *all* sites.

I now agree that I don't want the SASLprepbis spec to impose that policy
on all sites, but I also don't think that I want the SASLprepbis spec to
impose deployment-layer policies on all application protocols. However,
I do think it's reasonable for the SASLprepbis spec to say
"specifications for application protocols that use SASLprepbis must
specify the casemapping policy for that application protocol; options
include but are not limited to legislating behavior for all
implementations or leaving casemapping up to particular deployments".

> Once again I'm thinking of online games, ones where people often
> convey ideas (usually comical ones) via their usernames.  Providing
> the most freedom possible here seems like the right thing to do;
> requiring case-insensitivity is denying some freedom.

The SASLprepbis document is about comparison and what gets sent over the
wire. An application might preserve case for user interface purposes but
still lowercase "StPeter" to "stpeter" for comparison purposes during
authentication.

See also the nickname spec (what you're talking about sounds more like
a nickname or screen name than a username, but that might be a
distinction without a difference):

http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-precis-nickname-05.txt

>>> Also, looking at SASLprep and PRECIS, I see no mention of query
>>> strings vs. display vs. storage.  These distinctions matter.  But
>>> maybe I'm just failing to search for the right terms.
>>
>> Would you be so kind as to expand on that a bit? I'd like to make sure
>> I understand what you mean by each of those terms.
> 
> Sure.
> 
> Query string == a string entered by a user in some UI, to be matched
> against some thing's name.
> 
> Display string == a thing's name, as displayed to users in UIs.
> 
> Storage string == a thing's name as stored, and usually this is the
> canonical form of the thing's name.
> 
> For example, "nico" might be a query name for my Kerberos principal,
> but the display name might be nico@CRYPTONECTOR.COM, and the storage
> string will be in some format we don't really care about here but
> roughly equivalent to the display string form.
> 
> To continue the example, if my KDC was case-insensitive then "Nico"
> would also work as a query string; what I get for the display string
> might either match the query string or the storage string, and the
> storage string could be any of the many case variants of "nico" (but
> almost certainly would be case-folded in many implementations).
> 
> The relevance here is that we should apply as few transformations as
> possible to *query* strings on the client-side and just send them.
> What transformations a server applies then can be up to the server
> and/or the mechanism (e.g., a federated mechanism might need to apply
> transformations specified by it).
> 
> SASLprep-like stringpreps are very useful, especially for *passwords*
> because passwords may need to be in canonical form because they are
> used as inputs to client-side cryptographic functions (e.g., Digest).
> But they are less relevant for usernames, unless they too are used as
> inputs to client-side cryptographic functions (e.g., as salts), but
> even then the username query string might still be sent as-is
> separately to the server.

Thanks for clarifying.

>>> Heck, we're not even told whether these rules should be applied by
>>> the client, the server, or both.
>>
>> That is a very good point. This was something that bit us in RFC 3920
>> (for XMPP) and we've cleared that up in 6122bis:
> 
> This is where the distinction between query, display, and storage (or
> canonical) forms comes in.

Yes.

>> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis-07#section-3
>>
>> In my experience, we can *say* that the client needs to do this, but
>> the server will need to do it anyway since it can't trust the client
>> to do the right thing. However, for passwords (which, as you note, we
>> hope the server never sees in plaintext) the client would need to
>> enforce the rules.
> 
> Correct, as to the last part.  I don't think we need the client to
> apply this to anything that isn't an input to a cryptograhic function
> on the client-side -- just send the darned thing as is.
> 
>>> Anyways, I'm for applying as few transformations as possible to
>>> usernames on the *client* side and leaving the server to apply
>>> RECOMMENDED, and a few REQUIRED rules for matching.
>>
>> I'd agree with that sentiment.
> 
> Great.
> 
>>> I don't see room for case folding in general,
>>
>> Even on the server side? Again, do you think it would be better to
>> leave that up to the application?
> 
> I'd leave it to the site/mechanism/app -- whatever's appropriate.

OK, good. That's consistent with what I typed earlier in this message.

>>> but I do for specific cases (e.g., Turkish I handling).
>>
>> Unfortunately, local case mapping might be difficult for the server to
>> perform because it doesn't necessarily have information about the
>> locale of the user. So this is something that might best be handled at
>> the client.
> 
> Ah, well, if we're dealing in Unicode we could send a language tag in
> the string.  That's a non-starter.
> 
> But note that the server probably has a username database anyways, so
> it knows the relevant language at account-creation time (or should
> anyways).

Quite possible. In XMPP the client can tell the server its locale, but
that might not be supported yet in other application protocols...

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/



From stpeter@stpeter.im  Wed Jul 10 13:49:38 2013
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
References: <20130328033951.21028.2480.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <515E4D5B.5050102@stpeter.im> <51648B46.2020905@stpeter.im> <CAK3OfOg1cgV1dnN0qw2c22UKUV0X6d9=kPnU28a7=KETrdG-PQ@mail.gmail.com> <CAK3OfOg869BDdMuCyDPY0+6jT_1NYZ5OGUT35mrJCWr8ic0NNw@mail.gmail.com> <51D33084.5060903@stpeter.im> <CAK3OfOjj6yeW4t64OqFR9Fe7bq8deNZO1GJgX4JRTqHzt6Hdjw@mail.gmail.com> <51DDAF59.4040800@stpeter.im>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, precis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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Hi Nico, I've looked at this a bit further. Proposed text changes below...

On 7/10/13 1:00 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> On 7/2/13 5:20 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>> On Tue, Jul 2, 2013 at 2:56 PM, Peter Saint-Andre
>> <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>>> On 5/3/13 1:39 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>> 
>>>> Please forgive my apparent apathy.  I lost track of this due
>>>> to business travel.
>>> 
>>> And please forgive my delay in replying. It's good to know
>>> you're not apathetic. And as you can tell, we're proceeding
>>> rather slowly with this work. That doesn't mean it is
>>> unimportant. This recent example from the blogosphere might of
>>> interest:
>>> 
>>> http://labs.spotify.com/2013/06/18/creative-usernames/
>>> 
>>> PRECIS might have helped those folks avoid some significant
>>> pain.
>>> 
>>>> I'm not sure where the case mapping requirement for usernames
>>>> came from.
>>> 
>>> Are you referring to global case mapping or local case
>>> mapping?
>>> 
>>>> I guess it has something to do with the Turkish I and such.
>>> 
>>> Yes, that is a nasty problem with even nastier consequences:
>>> 
>>> http://gizmodo.com/382026/a-cellphones-missing-dot-kills-two-people-puts-three-more-in-jail
>>
>>
>>> 
!
>> 
>> But that can't apply here.  Or, if anything, case mappings makes
>> it more likely.  Let's say I'm logged in in some app and it shows
>> the username I typed in, but because of case mapping some typos
>> are tolerated, so the username shown could offend someone.
>> Whereas if I'm required to type my username exactly one way (not
>> including NF) then that can't happen.  So if anything that link
>> indicates we should not have case mappings here...  :)
>> 
>>> Just to be clear, that's an issue of what we're calling local
>>> case mapping (where locale is taken into consideration).
>>> 
>>>> I can't say I'm excited about this case mapping requirement;
>>>> if anything it strikes as silly.
>>> 
>>> In general, the opinion so far has been that, say, StPeter is
>>> treated the same as stpeter when it comes to authentication and
>>> authorization based on usernames. Do you disagree? If so, why?
>>> For example, would you be inclined to leave this up to the
>>> protocol that uses SASL (say, IMAP or XMPP) instead of
>>> specifying it in SASLprepbis?
>> 
>> I think it'd be nice if *servers* got to choose whether to do
>> this. The principle here is that the server should make right
>> when it comes to the username.  This means that clients should be
>> pretty much able to send just about anything as a username and
>> let the server figure it out.
>> 
>> Whether it's a server application or the mechanisms (or SASL
>> library) that applies such rules is a different story, and one I
>> don't think I care much about here.
> 
> Ah, I see.
> 
> It seems to me that there are numerous layers here:
> 
> 1. SASL (including preparation and comparison rules)
> 
> 2. The application protocol that's using SASL (e.g., IMAP)
> 
> 3. A software implementation of the application protocol, which
> likely embeds or links to a SASL implementation (e.g., dovecot)
> 
> 4. A deployment of said software implementation (e.g.,
> example.net)
> 
> By "server" I think you mean a deployment. Correct?
> 
> Rather than legislating in saslprepbis that all application
> protocols shall leave casemapping up to implementations or
> deployments, I think that it would be reasonable for the
> specification of an application protocol using SASL (e.g.,
> draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis) to recommend or require casemapping
> behavior for all implementations or deployments of that application
> protocol, or to leave such decisions up to the implementation or
> deployment. For example, perhaps the XMPP spec would say "all
> implementations shall perform case mapping, full stop" whereas the
> IMAP spec might leave that up to implementations or deployments.

Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:

OLD
   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their
       lowercase equivalents.

NEW
   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their
       lowercase equivalents.

Then add the following sentence at the end of that section:

   Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether case
   mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by implementations or
   deployments of that protocol.

Does that seem acceptable?

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/



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To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
References: <20130628173017.2197.22687.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <ldv1u77jnzi.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <E8829F4C-45FB-468B-9B65-6E9C9212350D@padl.com> <ldvvc4ji8po.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <20130710002854.GB8773@gmail.com>
From: Tom Yu <tlyu@MIT.EDU>
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 17:04:15 -0400
In-Reply-To: <20130710002854.GB8773@gmail.com> (Nico Williams's message of "Tue, 9 Jul 2013 19:28:56 -0500")
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:

> If we're going to use GCM/CCM then I would strongly prefer if we had a
> key derivation method that uses a 256-bit IV to derive keys from
> long-term keys (so that we can have enough bits for a nonce, a high-res
> timestamp, a KDC or other ID, and a use counter).  I don't think that's
> a lot to ask for, but it will do more violence to existing
> implementations than a non-confounded CTS mode would, so I would prefer
> a non-confounded CTS mode, but it's a mild preference.

I still think we should avoid GCM or CCM mode.

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 10 14:20:53 2013
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References: <20130328033951.21028.2480.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <515E4D5B.5050102@stpeter.im> <51648B46.2020905@stpeter.im> <CAK3OfOg1cgV1dnN0qw2c22UKUV0X6d9=kPnU28a7=KETrdG-PQ@mail.gmail.com> <CAK3OfOg869BDdMuCyDPY0+6jT_1NYZ5OGUT35mrJCWr8ic0NNw@mail.gmail.com> <51D33084.5060903@stpeter.im> <CAK3OfOjj6yeW4t64OqFR9Fe7bq8deNZO1GJgX4JRTqHzt6Hdjw@mail.gmail.com> <51DDAF59.4040800@stpeter.im>
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 16:20:16 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, precis@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 2:00 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
> On 7/2/13 5:20 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>> I think it'd be nice if *servers* got to choose whether to do this.
>> The principle here is that the server should make right when it comes
>> to the username.  This means that clients should be pretty much able
>> to send just about anything as a username and let the server figure it
>> out.
>>
>> Whether it's a server application or the mechanisms (or SASL library)
>> that applies such rules is a different story, and one I don't think I
>> care much about here.
>
> Ah, I see.
>
> It seems to me that there are numerous layers here:

Yes.  Lots of layers.  Consider SASL/GS1 and SASL/GS2 as well.

> By "server" I think you mean a deployment. Correct?

Generally, yes.

> Rather than legislating in saslprepbis that all application protocols
> shall leave casemapping up to implementations or deployments, I think
> that it would be reasonable for the specification of an application
> protocol using SASL (e.g., draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis) to recommend or
> require casemapping behavior for all implementations or deployments of
> that application protocol, or to leave such decisions up to the
> implementation or deployment. For example, perhaps the XMPP spec would
> say "all implementations shall perform case mapping, full stop" whereas
> the IMAP spec might leave that up to implementations or deployments.

We could have:

 - apps specify whether to case fold
 - apps specify that the server can casefold if it wants

That's fine with me.

Note that the second comes naturally from speaking of
query/display/store syntaxes.  The client only deals in query and
display syntaxes for usernames, so the server can make right.

>> Still, I don't mind if some site wants to have case-insensitive
>> usernames.  I just don't want us to impose that policy on *all* sites.
>
> I now agree that I don't want the SASLprepbis spec to impose that policy
> on all sites, but I also don't think that I want the SASLprepbis spec to
> impose deployment-layer policies on all application protocols. However,
> I do think it's reasonable for the SASLprepbis spec to say
> "specifications for application protocols that use SASLprepbis must
> specify the casemapping policy for that application protocol; options
> include but are not limited to legislating behavior for all
> implementations or leaving casemapping up to particular deployments".

No, not MUST, but MAY is fine, and I might go along with SHOULD.
First, we'd be informing authors of app protocol specs -- we can use
RFC2119 language for that, but it's hard to enforce -- this language
doesn't deal with interop.

>> Once again I'm thinking of online games, ones where people often
>> convey ideas (usually comical ones) via their usernames.  Providing
>> the most freedom possible here seems like the right thing to do;
>> requiring case-insensitivity is denying some freedom.
>
> The SASLprepbis document is about comparison and what gets sent over the
> wire. An application might preserve case for user interface purposes but
> still lowercase "StPeter" to "stpeter" for comparison purposes during
> authentication.

The only party doing comparisons is the server, therefore the only
party that should have to apply any sort of normalization should also
be the server -- otherwise if the client also normalizes *prevents*
some names from being useful/usable.  Normalizations that preserve
equivalence can be OK on the client side (e.g., Unicode
normalization), but case folding loses information.

This principle, that the party doing comparisons/lookups (because the
server might be comparing hashes for all we know) is the party that
should normalize, is a very useful principle here.  It follows from
distinguishing types of name syntax.

If multiple parties have to do these comparisons/lookups *then* we may
need to say more about who normalizes and when (and why).

> See also the nickname spec (what you're talking about sounds more like
> a nickname or screen name than a username, but that might be a
> distinction without a difference):

Remember that what I have in mind is a bevy of online games where
users are free to pick usernames we'd *never* consider valid in an
enterprise environment, like "Joe 6-pack (I'm the best)".

(For an example you can see for yourself, download bzflag and play for
a bit.  It's an open source game with user-contributed maps, user-run
servers, and so on.  Its users tend to have weird names -- these
aren't nicknames, they *are* the usernames, it's what you type in at
login time.)

>> I'd leave it to the site/mechanism/app -- whatever's appropriate.
>
> OK, good. That's consistent with what I typed earlier in this message.

Well, except I want to be able to leave it to the server if the app
protocol authors think that's fine.

I don't want to prescribe that app protocols must prescribe which
normalization the clients apply.  I don't mind if some app protocols
do.  But I want it to be possible that the client doesn't have to.  In
fact, I'd prefer if SASL clients *never* had to normalize usernames
*except* when they must use them for salting purposes (but still send
the unmodified original as the actual username) -- it's far simpler
and most flexible this way.

>> Ah, well, if we're dealing in Unicode we could send a language tag in
>> the string.  That's a non-starter.
>>
>> But note that the server probably has a username database anyways, so
>> it knows the relevant language at account-creation time (or should
>> anyways).
>
> Quite possible. In XMPP the client can tell the server its locale, but
> that might not be supported yet in other application protocols...

Right, but I think the server still has enough context.  In the worst
case scenario it might have to try N different normalizations and
lookups, but I kinda doubt N will ever be larger than 1.

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 10 14:31:08 2013
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Tue, Jul 9, 2013 at 6:46 PM, Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> wrote:
> I've looked at the diff against the previous version of this document.
> Most of the changes look reasonable to me, but the special case
> handling of short plaintexts seems too complicated from an
> implementation perspective.  I'd prefer to go back to the more widely
> accepted practice of CBC mode with explicit IV and PKCS#7-ish padding.
>
> It seems that one of the goals of this effort is to use, as much as
> possible, the off-the shelf capabilities of cryptographic modules that
> are validated to FIPS 140-2 or other relevant standards.  As far as I
> know, few (if any) validated cryptographic modules support CTS mode
> directly.
>
> At this point, I think it is useful to try moving away from CTS: the
> benefits of CTS do not outweigh the implementation complexity,
> particularly when dealing with the short plaintext case.  Implementing
> CTS mode has already proven to be a challenge even for the existing
> AES-CTS enctypes, and I'm reluctant to magnify that difficulty with
> the new enctypes in this document.  Returning to a scheme based on
> conventionally padded CBC would further the goal of using the existing
> capabilities of validated cryptographic modules, and poses fewer
> implementation risks.

I'm not at all worried about implementation risks.  We can test every
possible plaintext length between the shortest (zero-bytes) and a
small multiple of the block size (in bytes), both with test vectors
and random data (making sure it round-trips).

I think the only risk we should be concerned about here is the risk
that we might design-in a cryptographic weakness.  I definitely don't
want to be even partly to blame for that :) so it's a risk that
bothers me.  I think we can analyze the non-confounded CTS we came up
with, and we could/should/must ask for review by strong cryptographers
before we go forward with it (or otherwise we must show that the new
thing must have the same properties as the old confounded CTS, which I
think we informally did, but we'd have to redo that analysis).

Another risk I care about is the risk that we lose some hardware
optimizations as a result of using CTS.  Though with the trend towards
on-die hardware cipher implementations that problem becomes much less
relevant.

> Statements from Microsoft imply that the main problems caused by
> variable-length ciphertext expansion would be limited to SSPI
> applications that do not use the APIs correctly.  SSPI functions exist
> such that an application can use to obtain the required lengths for
> use with the in-place encryption functions.

This was a big deal to them once.  It might still be.  It'd be nice to
hear from someone at Microsoft as to whether this is still an issue.

> I realize we've spent a significant amount of effort trying to make
> CTS work in the short-plaintext case.  I'd like to thank to Nico,
> Kelley, and others who participated in trying to make CTS mode work in
> this specification.  Looking at this document as an implementer, I
> think using CTS mode, especially with the short-plaintext special
> case, presents too much risk, and I'd like us to consider going back
> to a more normal CBC mode.

I'll be fine with ditching the no-padding requirement if the
implementors we've known to care for no-padding modes are ok with it
now and no new ones show up to tell us otherwise.

Nico
--

From tlyu@mit.edu  Wed Jul 10 15:24:34 2013
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To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
References: <20130628173017.2197.22687.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <ldv1u77jnzi.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <CAK3OfOiqmJ=Nv36RD2PkTygshK31Jit3Fzr2jy4S1uXbZ8YjmA@mail.gmail.com>
From: Tom Yu <tlyu@MIT.EDU>
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 18:24:23 -0400
In-Reply-To: <CAK3OfOiqmJ=Nv36RD2PkTygshK31Jit3Fzr2jy4S1uXbZ8YjmA@mail.gmail.com> (Nico Williams's message of "Wed, 10 Jul 2013 16:30:46 -0500")
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:

> I'm not at all worried about implementation risks.  We can test every
> possible plaintext length between the shortest (zero-bytes) and a
> small multiple of the block size (in bytes), both with test vectors
> and random data (making sure it round-trips).

I think it's still unavoidably more code, which carries its own risks.

> I think the only risk we should be concerned about here is the risk
> that we might design-in a cryptographic weakness.  I definitely don't
> want to be even partly to blame for that :) so it's a risk that
> bothers me.  I think we can analyze the non-confounded CTS we came up
> with, and we could/should/must ask for review by strong cryptographers
> before we go forward with it (or otherwise we must show that the new
> thing must have the same properties as the old confounded CTS, which I
> think we informally did, but we'd have to redo that analysis).

The new CTS constructions are different from what we use for the
current aes-cts-hmac enctypes, and the short-plaintext special cases
are even more different.  If we can make a cryptographic best practice
(CBC with padding, encrypt-then-MAC, explicit random IV, etc.) work
for us, I think that would be better from a cryptographic risk
standpoint.  I'd rather use a construction that's been analyzed
extensively in the literature than use something we invented and maybe
had some cryptographers (even if they're good ones) glance at briefly.

> Another risk I care about is the risk that we lose some hardware
> optimizations as a result of using CTS.  Though with the trend towards
> on-die hardware cipher implementations that problem becomes much less
> relevant.

It could still be a problem for validated hardware security modules,
which I think would be a likely way for Suite B cryptography to be
implemented in practice.

> On Tue, Jul 9, 2013 at 6:46 PM, Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> wrote:

>> Statements from Microsoft imply that the main problems caused by
>> variable-length ciphertext expansion would be limited to SSPI
>> applications that do not use the APIs correctly.  SSPI functions exist
>> such that an application can use to obtain the required lengths for
>> use with the in-place encryption functions.
>
> This was a big deal to them once.  It might still be.  It'd be nice to
> hear from someone at Microsoft as to whether this is still an issue.

No, I think some non-Microsoft WG participants once believed it to be
a big deal for Microsoft, but we never had any confirmation from
anyone at Microsoft that it was a problem (at least none that I could
find).  The most recent information that I have from Microsoft (from a
few months ago in private mail) is that it would only be a problem for
legacy applications that aren't using the SSPI correctly.

> I'll be fine with ditching the no-padding requirement if the
> implementors we've known to care for no-padding modes are ok with it
> now and no new ones show up to tell us otherwise.

Thanks.

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 10 15:33:48 2013
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Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 17:33:37 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 5:24 PM, Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> wrote:
> Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:
>
>> I'm not at all worried about implementation risks.  We can test every
>> possible plaintext length between the shortest (zero-bytes) and a
>> small multiple of the block size (in bytes), both with test vectors
>> and random data (making sure it round-trips).
>
> I think it's still unavoidably more code, which carries its own risks.

It's code with very low rates of change.

>> I think the only risk we should be concerned about here is the risk
>> that we might design-in a cryptographic weakness.  I definitely don't
>> want to be even partly to blame for that :) so it's a risk that
>> bothers me.  I think we can analyze the non-confounded CTS we came up
>> with, and we could/should/must ask for review by strong cryptographers
>> before we go forward with it (or otherwise we must show that the new
>> thing must have the same properties as the old confounded CTS, which I
>> think we informally did, but we'd have to redo that analysis).
>
> The new CTS constructions are different from what we use for the
> current aes-cts-hmac enctypes, and the short-plaintext special cases
> are even more different.  If we can make a cryptographic best practice
> (CBC with padding, encrypt-then-MAC, explicit random IV, etc.) work
> for us, I think that would be better from a cryptographic risk
> standpoint.  I'd rather use a construction that's been analyzed
> extensively in the literature than use something we invented and maybe
> had some cryptographers (even if they're good ones) glance at briefly.

So you'd object to even the CTS mode we have in use today?

>> Another risk I care about is the risk that we lose some hardware
>> optimizations as a result of using CTS.  Though with the trend towards
>> on-die hardware cipher implementations that problem becomes much less
>> relevant.
>
> It could still be a problem for validated hardware security modules,
> which I think would be a likely way for Suite B cryptography to be
> implemented in practice.

Sure, but if they can be used in such a way as to use Suite B modes
then the problem devolves to a performance problem.  (The currently
in-use CTS mode has this property.)

>> On Tue, Jul 9, 2013 at 6:46 PM, Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> wrote:
>
>>> Statements from Microsoft imply that the main problems caused by
>>> variable-length ciphertext expansion would be limited to SSPI
>>> applications that do not use the APIs correctly.  SSPI functions exist
>>> such that an application can use to obtain the required lengths for
>>> use with the in-place encryption functions.
>>
>> This was a big deal to them once.  It might still be.  It'd be nice to
>> hear from someone at Microsoft as to whether this is still an issue.
>
> No, I think some non-Microsoft WG participants once believed it to be
> a big deal for Microsoft, but we never had any confirmation from
> anyone at Microsoft that it was a problem (at least none that I could
> find).  The most recent information that I have from Microsoft (from a
> few months ago in private mail) is that it would only be a problem for
> legacy applications that aren't using the SSPI correctly.

Oh!  Well then, in that case to heck with CTS.  Hurry!  :)

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 10 15:37:12 2013
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Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 17:37:04 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 3:49 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
> Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:
>
> OLD
>    3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their
>        lowercase equivalents.
>
> NEW
>    3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their
>        lowercase equivalents.

Do we need to give advice regarding the use of query strings for
cryptographic protocols?  E.g., usernames as salts.  I think we do.
Specifically, *mechanisms* must specify what normalizations (and let's
provide a nice one for them to all use) for such purposes.

> Then add the following sentence at the end of that section:
>
>    Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether case
>    mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by implementations or
>    deployments of that protocol.
>
> Does that seem acceptable?

Yes.

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 10 15:41:50 2013
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Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 17:41:43 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Marc Blanchet <marc.blanchet@viagenie.ca>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 5:07 PM, Marc Blanchet
<marc.blanchet@viagenie.ca> wrote:
> Le 2013-07-10 =C3=A0 16:49, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> a =C3=
=A9crit :
>> Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:
>>
>> OLD
>>   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their
>>       lowercase equivalents.
>>
>> NEW
>>   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their
>>       lowercase equivalents.
>>
>> Then add the following sentence at the end of that section:
>>
>>   Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether case
>>   mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by implementations or
>>   deployments of that protocol.
>
> I have a hard time thinking that, especially for credentials, app protoco=
l 1 chooses no mapping and app protocol 2 chooses mapping and that both are=
 using the SASL layer below.  Looks like looking for trouble here. no?

The mechanism on the server side absolutely must apply whatever
normalization is appropriate for it.

The client should not have to.

The app protocol could specify whether the client does or does not
have to, I don't mind that.  But it'd be silly to specify something
that conflicts with whatever the mechanism will apply, so, that's a
good point.

All the more reason to have the app do nothing with usernames.  Just
pass them to the mechanism.  Let the mechanism work it out.

The mechanism on the client side should only normalize usernames for
the purposes of generating salts.

Also, the mechanism on the client side may want to apply Unicode
normalization if the client has an input mode that produces NFD (say)
when most servers happen to not implement a normalization (though they
should) and expect NFC (say, which mostly they do).

Nico
--

From tlyu@mit.edu  Wed Jul 10 15:47:52 2013
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References: <20130628173017.2197.22687.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <ldv1u77jnzi.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <CAK3OfOiqmJ=Nv36RD2PkTygshK31Jit3Fzr2jy4S1uXbZ8YjmA@mail.gmail.com> <ldvwqoygijs.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <CAK3OfOjN=DmBL8_Z=sPEp6v_i9pRhsmzf4RJvVQaiB4Tyf5+yw@mail.gmail.com>
From: Tom Yu <tlyu@MIT.EDU>
Date: Wed, 10 Jul 2013 18:47:30 -0400
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:

> So you'd object to even the CTS mode we have in use today?

For new enctypes, I would like us to move toward cryptographic best
practice.  It seems that the Suite B proponents would prefer that as
well.

> Sure, but if they can be used in such a way as to use Suite B modes
> then the problem devolves to a performance problem.  (The currently
> in-use CTS mode has this property.)

Yes, you can use a normal CBC implementation to build CTS mode, at the
cost of doubling the setup overhead on decryption (and possibly
encryption), as people who have had to implement CTS on top of HSM
type interfaces have told me.

From jhutz@cmu.edu  Wed Jul 10 16:09:32 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Wed, 2013-07-10 at 18:24 -0400, Tom Yu wrote:

> No, I think some non-Microsoft WG participants once believed it to be
> a big deal for Microsoft, but we never had any confirmation from
> anyone at Microsoft that it was a problem (at least none that I could
> find).  The most recent information that I have from Microsoft (from a
> few months ago in private mail) is that it would only be a problem for
> legacy applications that aren't using the SSPI correctly.

What about non-legacy applications implementing standards-track
GSS-API-using protocols according to a specification that isn't written
with the SSPI in mind?  It's all well and good to say "call the API to
see what length you should use", but if the protocol says to send a
1025-byte message, then I have to send a 1025-byte message, even if the
SSPI would rather I somehow only send a 1016-byte message.

-- Jeff


From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 10 16:33:43 2013
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To: Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 5:24 PM, Tom Yu <tlyu@mit.edu> wrote:
>> This was a big deal to them once.  It might still be.  It'd be nice to
>> hear from someone at Microsoft as to whether this is still an issue.
>
> No, I think some non-Microsoft WG participants once believed it to be
> a big deal for Microsoft, but we never had any confirmation from
> anyone at Microsoft that it was a problem (at least none that I could
> find).  The most recent information that I have from Microsoft (from a
> few months ago in private mail) is that it would only be a problem for
> legacy applications that aren't using the SSPI correctly.

Could we get some details?  Doesn't have to be on-list, since wouldn't
be on-topic.  I'm thinking of a) MSDN links to the relevant SSPI docs
(that is, for the relevant functions), b) examples of correct and
typical incorrect code using them.  I just want to make sure before we
leave one implementor unhappy.

Nico
--

From ghudson@mit.edu  Wed Jul 10 16:42:31 2013
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To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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On 07/10/2013 05:30 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
> I'm not at all worried about implementation risks.

I disagree.

The RFC 3962 enctypes have an exception case when the plaintext is the
empty string.  Both MIT's and Heimdal's implementation do the wrong
thing with the output cipher state in this case.  A more comprehensive
suite of test vectors would have helped, but there's no guarantee that
someone designing such a suite would have thought to combine cipher
state with a zero-length input, or would have interpreted the spec
correctly if they did.

Nobody appears to care, because encrypting the empty string is rare and
using cipher state is also rare, but the lesson remains that even in
rarely-changing code, there are implementation risks to having a
complicated specification.

Details: RFC 3962 adds a confounder to the input, so there is always at
least one block to encrypt.  If the input plaintext length is 0, then
there is exactly one block to encrypt.  RFC 3962 section 4 specifies
that "If exactly one block is to be encrypted, that block is simply
encrypted with AES (also known as ECB mode)."  Section 6 specifies the
encryption/decryption functions as "AES in CBC-CTS mode (cipher block
size 16 octets), with next-to-last block (last block if only one) as
CBC-style ivec."  One could possibly interpret section 4 as saying that
the input state should be ignored, although that would be bogus.  In any
event, it's clear from section 6 that the output state should be the
last (and only) block of ciphertext.  What actually happens, in both MIT
and Heimdal, is that the cipher state is neither used nor modified.


From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 10 17:09:30 2013
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Greg Hudson <ghudson@mit.edu>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 6:42 PM, Greg Hudson <ghudson@mit.edu> wrote:
> On 07/10/2013 05:30 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>> I'm not at all worried about implementation risks.
>
> I disagree.
>
> The RFC 3962 enctypes have an exception case when the plaintext is the
> empty string.  Both MIT's and Heimdal's implementation do the wrong
> thing with the output cipher state in this case.  A more comprehensive
> suite of test vectors would have helped, but there's no guarantee that
> someone designing such a suite would have thought to combine cipher
> state with a zero-length input, or would have interpreted the spec
> correctly if they did.
>
> Nobody appears to care, because encrypting the empty string is rare and
> using cipher state is also rare, but the lesson remains that even in
> rarely-changing code, there are implementation risks to having a
> complicated specification.

Interesting.  Only Kerberos applications that use the Kerberos
cryptosystem directly and *chain( encryptions are affected.  Not GSS
apps, for example, nor apps that use any Kerberos PDUs.

In any case, I stand by what I said.  I find the cryptographic
vulnerability risk of much higher concern.  There's no point to
properly implementing a broken algorithm.

> Details: RFC 3962 adds a confounder to the input, so there is always at
> least one block to encrypt.  If the input plaintext length is 0, then
> there is exactly one block to encrypt.  RFC 3962 section 4 specifies
> that "If exactly one block is to be encrypted, that block is simply
> encrypted with AES (also known as ECB mode)."  Section 6 specifies the
> encryption/decryption functions as "AES in CBC-CTS mode (cipher block
> size 16 octets), with next-to-last block (last block if only one) as
> CBC-style ivec."  One could possibly interpret section 4 as saying that
> the input state should be ignored, although that would be bogus.  In any
> event, it's clear from section 6 that the output state should be the
> last (and only) block of ciphertext.  What actually happens, in both MIT
> and Heimdal, is that the cipher state is neither used nor modified.

This is good to know.

This doesn't really change my opinion, but that will be moot anyways
once we have the details showing that we don't have to worry about not
padding for SSPI apps.

Nico
--

From lukeh@padl.com  Wed Jul 10 17:17:25 2013
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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Good point Jeff.

An SSPI application can call QueryContextAttributes(SECPKG_ATTR_SIZES), =
but unlike gss_wrap_iov_length(), that data to be wrapped is not passed =
as an argument. So it can only return the maximum security trailer size =
(trailer being the RFC4121 wrap token/rotated checksum).

If an in-place wrap truncates the trailer length, the application =
protocol may not be able to update it (consider something like DCE RPC =
where the message length is also authenticated). (It's sort of =
irrelevant whether the padding is done inside the trailer -- via EC -- =
or by the application.)

I would need to do some research; from memory DCE RPC always pads PDUs =
to 16 bytes, so for common block sizes the trailer is effectively =
constant length (there is no requirement for EC). I will investigate.

Of course, there are other SSPI applications than DCE RPC, but I'm not =
sure if they have the limitation of not allowing the trailer size to be =
shorter after wrap.

-- Luke=

From marc.blanchet@viagenie.ca  Wed Jul 10 15:07:57 2013
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Le 2013-07-10 =E0 16:49, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> a =E9crit =
:

> Hi Nico, I've looked at this a bit further. Proposed text changes =
below...
>=20
> On 7/10/13 1:00 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>> On 7/2/13 5:20 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>> On Tue, Jul 2, 2013 at 2:56 PM, Peter Saint-Andre
>>> <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>>>> On 5/3/13 1:39 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>>>=20
>>>>> Please forgive my apparent apathy.  I lost track of this due
>>>>> to business travel.
>>>>=20
>>>> And please forgive my delay in replying. It's good to know
>>>> you're not apathetic. And as you can tell, we're proceeding
>>>> rather slowly with this work. That doesn't mean it is
>>>> unimportant. This recent example from the blogosphere might of
>>>> interest:
>>>>=20
>>>> http://labs.spotify.com/2013/06/18/creative-usernames/
>>>>=20
>>>> PRECIS might have helped those folks avoid some significant
>>>> pain.
>>>>=20
>>>>> I'm not sure where the case mapping requirement for usernames
>>>>> came from.
>>>>=20
>>>> Are you referring to global case mapping or local case
>>>> mapping?
>>>>=20
>>>>> I guess it has something to do with the Turkish I and such.
>>>>=20
>>>> Yes, that is a nasty problem with even nastier consequences:
>>>>=20
>>>> =
http://gizmodo.com/382026/a-cellphones-missing-dot-kills-two-people-puts-t=
hree-more-in-jail
>>>=20
>>>=20
>>>>=20
> !
>>>=20
>>> But that can't apply here.  Or, if anything, case mappings makes
>>> it more likely.  Let's say I'm logged in in some app and it shows
>>> the username I typed in, but because of case mapping some typos
>>> are tolerated, so the username shown could offend someone.
>>> Whereas if I'm required to type my username exactly one way (not
>>> including NF) then that can't happen.  So if anything that link
>>> indicates we should not have case mappings here...  :)
>>>=20
>>>> Just to be clear, that's an issue of what we're calling local
>>>> case mapping (where locale is taken into consideration).
>>>>=20
>>>>> I can't say I'm excited about this case mapping requirement;
>>>>> if anything it strikes as silly.
>>>>=20
>>>> In general, the opinion so far has been that, say, StPeter is
>>>> treated the same as stpeter when it comes to authentication and
>>>> authorization based on usernames. Do you disagree? If so, why?
>>>> For example, would you be inclined to leave this up to the
>>>> protocol that uses SASL (say, IMAP or XMPP) instead of
>>>> specifying it in SASLprepbis?
>>>=20
>>> I think it'd be nice if *servers* got to choose whether to do
>>> this. The principle here is that the server should make right
>>> when it comes to the username.  This means that clients should be
>>> pretty much able to send just about anything as a username and
>>> let the server figure it out.
>>>=20
>>> Whether it's a server application or the mechanisms (or SASL
>>> library) that applies such rules is a different story, and one I
>>> don't think I care much about here.
>>=20
>> Ah, I see.
>>=20
>> It seems to me that there are numerous layers here:
>>=20
>> 1. SASL (including preparation and comparison rules)
>>=20
>> 2. The application protocol that's using SASL (e.g., IMAP)
>>=20
>> 3. A software implementation of the application protocol, which
>> likely embeds or links to a SASL implementation (e.g., dovecot)
>>=20
>> 4. A deployment of said software implementation (e.g.,
>> example.net)
>>=20
>> By "server" I think you mean a deployment. Correct?
>>=20
>> Rather than legislating in saslprepbis that all application
>> protocols shall leave casemapping up to implementations or
>> deployments, I think that it would be reasonable for the
>> specification of an application protocol using SASL (e.g.,
>> draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis) to recommend or require casemapping
>> behavior for all implementations or deployments of that application
>> protocol, or to leave such decisions up to the implementation or
>> deployment. For example, perhaps the XMPP spec would say "all
>> implementations shall perform case mapping, full stop" whereas the
>> IMAP spec might leave that up to implementations or deployments.
>=20
> Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of =
draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:
>=20
> OLD
>   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their
>       lowercase equivalents.
>=20
> NEW
>   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their
>       lowercase equivalents.
>=20
> Then add the following sentence at the end of that section:
>=20
>   Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether =
case
>   mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by implementations or
>   deployments of that protocol.

I have a hard time thinking that, especially for credentials, app =
protocol 1 chooses no mapping and app protocol 2 chooses mapping and =
that both are using the SASL layer below.  Looks like looking for =
trouble here. no?

Marc.


>=20
> Does that seem acceptable?
>=20
> Peter
>=20
> --=20
> Peter Saint-Andre
> https://stpeter.im/
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> precis mailing list
> precis@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/precis


From alexey.melnikov@isode.com  Thu Jul 11 00:43:26 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 10 Jul 2013, at 21:49, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:

>> Rather than legislating in saslprepbis that all application
>> protocols shall leave casemapping up to implementations or
>> deployments, I think that it would be reasonable for the
>> specification of an application protocol using SASL (e.g.,
>> draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis) to recommend or require casemapping
>> behavior for all implementations or deployments of that application
>> protocol, or to leave such decisions up to the implementation or
>> deployment. For example, perhaps the XMPP spec would say "all
>> implementations shall perform case mapping, full stop" whereas the
>> IMAP spec might leave that up to implementations or deployments.
> 
> Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:
> 
> OLD
>   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their
>       lowercase equivalents.
> 
> NEW
>   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their
>       lowercase equivalents.
> 
> Then add the following sentence at the end of that section:
> 
>   Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether case
>   mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by implementations or
>   deployments of that protocol.
> 
> Does that seem acceptable?

Yes.


From derek@ihtfp.com  Thu Jul 11 06:02:02 2013
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To: Tom Yu <tlyu@MIT.EDU>
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Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2013 09:01:51 -0400
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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Tom Yu <tlyu@MIT.EDU> writes:

> Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:
>
>> So you'd object to even the CTS mode we have in use today?
>
> For new enctypes, I would like us to move toward cryptographic best
> practice.  It seems that the Suite B proponents would prefer that as
> well.
>
>> Sure, but if they can be used in such a way as to use Suite B modes
>> then the problem devolves to a performance problem.  (The currently
>> in-use CTS mode has this property.)
>
> Yes, you can use a normal CBC implementation to build CTS mode, at the
> cost of doubling the setup overhead on decryption (and possibly
> encryption), as people who have had to implement CTS on top of HSM
> type interfaces have told me.

Having recently implemented Krb5 CTS mode myself, it is just one extra
block and a little bit-fudging on decryption.  It's really not a lot of
code.  I think the encryption and decryption routines added about 20-40
LoC (I'd have to actually look again to count if you want an exact
number).

> Kitten mailing list
> Kitten@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten

-derek

-- 
       Derek Atkins, SB '93 MIT EE, SM '95 MIT Media Laboratory
       Member, MIT Student Information Processing Board  (SIPB)
       URL: http://web.mit.edu/warlord/    PP-ASEL-IA     N1NWH
       warlord@MIT.EDU                        PGP key available

From jhutz@cmu.edu  Thu Jul 11 07:56:06 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On Wed, 2013-07-10 at 17:41 -0500, Nico Williams wrote:

> The app protocol could specify whether the client does or does not
> have to, I don't mind that.  But it'd be silly to specify something
> that conflicts with whatever the mechanism will apply, so, that's a
> good point.
> 
> All the more reason to have the app do nothing with usernames.  Just
> pass them to the mechanism.  Let the mechanism work it out.

This is a key point.  SASL doesn't have usernames.  It has
authentication names and authorization names.  SASL application
protocols do not get a say in how authentication names are handled,
period.  It's just not up to them; these names are artifacts of the SASL
mechanism, and their handling is generally dictated by the underlying
authentication technology.

SASLprep is not and never was about setting down general rules for
handling authentication names or what SASL application protocols must
do.  It was about providing a profile for use by specific SASL
mechanisms that are in the position of defining "username" or password
elements that need one.

Applications do get a say about authorization names; in fact, they get
the _only_ say.  They are the application's "usernames", and SASL
doesn't get to say what they look like or what they mean.  That is the
purview of the application, which is entirely responsible for
authorization.  SASL is merely the authentication framework, and not
necessarily even the only one supported by any given application.

Of course, we can give advice to application protocol designers, but we
can't effectively impose requirements, and there's not really even any
reason to do so.  Further, any advice we do give would not be in any way
SASL-specific, so while it might be appropriate for PRECIS to do such a
thing, saslprep might not be the best place to do so.



> The mechanism on the client side should only normalize usernames for
> the purposes of generating salts.

This is almost right.  From what I've seen, in authentication,
filesystems, and other places, the right thing is almost always to apply
normalization or any other canonicalizations at the last possible
moment, and no later.  For example, if you're going to look up a name in
a database, normalize just before the lookup and not before.  Or, better
yet, don't normalize keys that go into the database, and do
normalization-insensitive comparison instead.  This can be a bit tricky
depending on the nature of the database, but not impossible.

The case you mention is an interesting one, though stated slightly too
narrowly.  Any string that is going to be used as a salt, or to derive
keying material, or as input to a cryptographic hash, will need to be
normalized before doing that.  But, _only if the string itself will not
be sent_.  If the string is being sent, then send and use the
un-normalized form, and the far end can use a normalization-insensitive
comparison to decide if it got what it was expecting, or it can
normalize (as late as possible!) and do whatever database lookup is
needed.

Note again that there is nothing about this advice that's specific to
SASL or SASL mechanisms or SASL application protocols.  However, it does
apply to protocol designs, not implementations -- if a protocol says to
normalize at a particular point, an implementation cannot decide to
instead follow the "as late as possible" rule, or interoperability will
suffer.  I think that means we need to be careful about anything we
specify here; we can offer advice to protocol designers, but we cannot
impose requirements directly on implementations about whether or when to
normalize or case-convert.  Otherwise, we risk hindering
interoperability instead of helping it.



Now, back to the original point...


> >>   Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether
> case
> >>   mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by implementations
> or
> >>   deployments of that protocol.
> >
> > I have a hard time thinking that, especially for credentials, app
> protocol 1 chooses no mapping and app protocol 2 chooses mapping and
> that both are using the SASL layer below.  Looks like looking for
> trouble here. no?


The key phrase is "Application protocols that use this profile".  Such a
protocol can apply the profile, and rules about whether to do
case-mapping, only to protocol elements that belong to it.  For example,
an application might apply the profile to its SASL authorization names,
or to some other protocol element that is not related to SASL at all.
But it cannot apply the profile to protocol elements that a particular
SASL mechanism depends on, because those belong to the mechanism and
exist below the SASL abstraction, where the application protocol spec
cannot even see them.

That said, I think we need to be clear that the profile is _also_
available for use by SASL _mechanisms_, since after all, that was no
small part of the original purpose of SASLprep.  The same requirement
applies -- a mechanism that uses the profile must specify whether to do
case folding.


FWIW, I think both the "OLD" and "NEW" variants from Peter's message are
wrong.  We should not say that case-folding MUST be done, because that
mandates its use everywhere.  However, we should also not say that it
MAY be done, because that looks like we are granting permission for
implementations of the profile to do case-folding anytime they want,
even if that's not what the protocol says.

Instead, we should keep only the sentence Peter proposes adding at the
end, or some variation thereof, which has the effect of leaving the
case-folding question up to the protocol applying the profile.

-- Jeff


From stpeter@stpeter.im  Thu Jul 11 10:49:20 2013
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 7/11/13 1:44 AM, Alexey Melnikov wrote:
> On 10 Jul 2013, at 21:49, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
> 
>>> Rather than legislating in saslprepbis that all application
>>> protocols shall leave casemapping up to implementations or
>>> deployments, I think that it would be reasonable for the
>>> specification of an application protocol using SASL (e.g.,
>>> draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis) to recommend or require casemapping
>>> behavior for all implementations or deployments of that application
>>> protocol, or to leave such decisions up to the implementation or
>>> deployment. For example, perhaps the XMPP spec would say "all
>>> implementations shall perform case mapping, full stop" whereas the
>>> IMAP spec might leave that up to implementations or deployments.
>>
>> Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:
>>
>> OLD
>>   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their
>>       lowercase equivalents.
>>
>> NEW
>>   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their
>>       lowercase equivalents.
>>
>> Then add the following sentence at the end of that section:
>>
>>   Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether case
>>   mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by implementations or
>>   deployments of that protocol.
>>
>> Does that seem acceptable?
> 
> Yes.

Thanks for the feedback. I was wondering last night whether we want to
add some guidance or recommendations on this topic, or truly just leave
it up to those who define application protocols. (For example, we could
say something about balancing interoperability and user expectations.)

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/



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Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 7/10/13 4:07 PM, Marc Blanchet wrote:
> Le 2013-07-10 à 16:49, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> a écrit
> :
> 
>> Hi Nico, I've looked at this a bit further. Proposed text changes
>> below...
>> 
>> On 7/10/13 1:00 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>>> On 7/2/13 5:20 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>>> On Tue, Jul 2, 2013 at 2:56 PM, Peter Saint-Andre 
>>>> <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>>>>> On 5/3/13 1:39 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>>>> 
>>>>>> Please forgive my apparent apathy.  I lost track of this
>>>>>> due to business travel.
>>>>> 
>>>>> And please forgive my delay in replying. It's good to know 
>>>>> you're not apathetic. And as you can tell, we're proceeding 
>>>>> rather slowly with this work. That doesn't mean it is 
>>>>> unimportant. This recent example from the blogosphere might
>>>>> of interest:
>>>>> 
>>>>> http://labs.spotify.com/2013/06/18/creative-usernames/
>>>>> 
>>>>> PRECIS might have helped those folks avoid some significant 
>>>>> pain.
>>>>> 
>>>>>> I'm not sure where the case mapping requirement for
>>>>>> usernames came from.
>>>>> 
>>>>> Are you referring to global case mapping or local case 
>>>>> mapping?
>>>>> 
>>>>>> I guess it has something to do with the Turkish I and
>>>>>> such.
>>>>> 
>>>>> Yes, that is a nasty problem with even nastier consequences:
>>>>> 
>>>>> http://gizmodo.com/382026/a-cellphones-missing-dot-kills-two-people-puts-three-more-in-jail
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>>
>>
>>>>> 
!
>>>> 
>>>> But that can't apply here.  Or, if anything, case mappings
>>>> makes it more likely.  Let's say I'm logged in in some app and
>>>> it shows the username I typed in, but because of case mapping
>>>> some typos are tolerated, so the username shown could offend
>>>> someone. Whereas if I'm required to type my username exactly
>>>> one way (not including NF) then that can't happen.  So if
>>>> anything that link indicates we should not have case mappings
>>>> here...  :)
>>>> 
>>>>> Just to be clear, that's an issue of what we're calling
>>>>> local case mapping (where locale is taken into
>>>>> consideration).
>>>>> 
>>>>>> I can't say I'm excited about this case mapping
>>>>>> requirement; if anything it strikes as silly.
>>>>> 
>>>>> In general, the opinion so far has been that, say, StPeter
>>>>> is treated the same as stpeter when it comes to
>>>>> authentication and authorization based on usernames. Do you
>>>>> disagree? If so, why? For example, would you be inclined to
>>>>> leave this up to the protocol that uses SASL (say, IMAP or
>>>>> XMPP) instead of specifying it in SASLprepbis?
>>>> 
>>>> I think it'd be nice if *servers* got to choose whether to do 
>>>> this. The principle here is that the server should make right 
>>>> when it comes to the username.  This means that clients should
>>>> be pretty much able to send just about anything as a username
>>>> and let the server figure it out.
>>>> 
>>>> Whether it's a server application or the mechanisms (or SASL 
>>>> library) that applies such rules is a different story, and one
>>>> I don't think I care much about here.
>>> 
>>> Ah, I see.
>>> 
>>> It seems to me that there are numerous layers here:
>>> 
>>> 1. SASL (including preparation and comparison rules)
>>> 
>>> 2. The application protocol that's using SASL (e.g., IMAP)
>>> 
>>> 3. A software implementation of the application protocol, which 
>>> likely embeds or links to a SASL implementation (e.g., dovecot)
>>> 
>>> 4. A deployment of said software implementation (e.g., 
>>> example.net)
>>> 
>>> By "server" I think you mean a deployment. Correct?
>>> 
>>> Rather than legislating in saslprepbis that all application 
>>> protocols shall leave casemapping up to implementations or 
>>> deployments, I think that it would be reasonable for the 
>>> specification of an application protocol using SASL (e.g., 
>>> draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis) to recommend or require casemapping 
>>> behavior for all implementations or deployments of that
>>> application protocol, or to leave such decisions up to the
>>> implementation or deployment. For example, perhaps the XMPP spec
>>> would say "all implementations shall perform case mapping, full
>>> stop" whereas the IMAP spec might leave that up to
>>> implementations or deployments.
>> 
>> Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of
>> draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:
>> 
>> OLD 3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their 
>> lowercase equivalents.
>> 
>> NEW 3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their 
>> lowercase equivalents.
>> 
>> Then add the following sentence at the end of that section:
>> 
>> Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether
>> case mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by
>> implementations or deployments of that protocol.
> 
> I have a hard time thinking that, especially for credentials, app
> protocol 1 chooses no mapping and app protocol 2 chooses mapping and
> that both are using the SASL layer below.  Looks like looking for
> trouble here. no?

I see your point, although I agree with Nico and Jeff that for SASL
purposes these things will be mostly or completely determined by the
mechanism (not all mechanisms have a concept of a "simple user name" --
the ones I'm familiar with are CRAM-MD5, DIGEST-MD5, and SCRAM).
However, I think that this PRECIS profile might be used by
non-SASL-using application protocols, such as HTTP authentication (see
message from Yutaka Oiwa).

I will try to formulate some corrected text.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/



From stpeter@stpeter.im  Thu Jul 11 12:46:03 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 7/11/13 1:27 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> On 7/10/13 4:07 PM, Marc Blanchet wrote:
>> Le 2013-07-10 à 16:49, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> a écrit
>> :
>>
>>> Hi Nico, I've looked at this a bit further. Proposed text changes
>>> below...
>>>
>>> On 7/10/13 1:00 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>>>> On 7/2/13 5:20 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>>>> On Tue, Jul 2, 2013 at 2:56 PM, Peter Saint-Andre 
>>>>> <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>>>>>> On 5/3/13 1:39 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Please forgive my apparent apathy.  I lost track of this
>>>>>>> due to business travel.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> And please forgive my delay in replying. It's good to know 
>>>>>> you're not apathetic. And as you can tell, we're proceeding 
>>>>>> rather slowly with this work. That doesn't mean it is 
>>>>>> unimportant. This recent example from the blogosphere might
>>>>>> of interest:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> http://labs.spotify.com/2013/06/18/creative-usernames/
>>>>>>
>>>>>> PRECIS might have helped those folks avoid some significant 
>>>>>> pain.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I'm not sure where the case mapping requirement for
>>>>>>> usernames came from.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Are you referring to global case mapping or local case 
>>>>>> mapping?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I guess it has something to do with the Turkish I and
>>>>>>> such.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Yes, that is a nasty problem with even nastier consequences:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> http://gizmodo.com/382026/a-cellphones-missing-dot-kills-two-people-puts-three-more-in-jail
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>
>>>>>>
> !
>>>>>
>>>>> But that can't apply here.  Or, if anything, case mappings
>>>>> makes it more likely.  Let's say I'm logged in in some app and
>>>>> it shows the username I typed in, but because of case mapping
>>>>> some typos are tolerated, so the username shown could offend
>>>>> someone. Whereas if I'm required to type my username exactly
>>>>> one way (not including NF) then that can't happen.  So if
>>>>> anything that link indicates we should not have case mappings
>>>>> here...  :)
>>>>>
>>>>>> Just to be clear, that's an issue of what we're calling
>>>>>> local case mapping (where locale is taken into
>>>>>> consideration).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I can't say I'm excited about this case mapping
>>>>>>> requirement; if anything it strikes as silly.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> In general, the opinion so far has been that, say, StPeter
>>>>>> is treated the same as stpeter when it comes to
>>>>>> authentication and authorization based on usernames. Do you
>>>>>> disagree? If so, why? For example, would you be inclined to
>>>>>> leave this up to the protocol that uses SASL (say, IMAP or
>>>>>> XMPP) instead of specifying it in SASLprepbis?
>>>>>
>>>>> I think it'd be nice if *servers* got to choose whether to do 
>>>>> this. The principle here is that the server should make right 
>>>>> when it comes to the username.  This means that clients should
>>>>> be pretty much able to send just about anything as a username
>>>>> and let the server figure it out.
>>>>>
>>>>> Whether it's a server application or the mechanisms (or SASL 
>>>>> library) that applies such rules is a different story, and one
>>>>> I don't think I care much about here.
>>>>
>>>> Ah, I see.
>>>>
>>>> It seems to me that there are numerous layers here:
>>>>
>>>> 1. SASL (including preparation and comparison rules)
>>>>
>>>> 2. The application protocol that's using SASL (e.g., IMAP)
>>>>
>>>> 3. A software implementation of the application protocol, which 
>>>> likely embeds or links to a SASL implementation (e.g., dovecot)
>>>>
>>>> 4. A deployment of said software implementation (e.g., 
>>>> example.net)
>>>>
>>>> By "server" I think you mean a deployment. Correct?
>>>>
>>>> Rather than legislating in saslprepbis that all application 
>>>> protocols shall leave casemapping up to implementations or 
>>>> deployments, I think that it would be reasonable for the 
>>>> specification of an application protocol using SASL (e.g., 
>>>> draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis) to recommend or require casemapping 
>>>> behavior for all implementations or deployments of that
>>>> application protocol, or to leave such decisions up to the
>>>> implementation or deployment. For example, perhaps the XMPP spec
>>>> would say "all implementations shall perform case mapping, full
>>>> stop" whereas the IMAP spec might leave that up to
>>>> implementations or deployments.
>>>
>>> Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of
>>> draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:
>>>
>>> OLD 3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their 
>>> lowercase equivalents.
>>>
>>> NEW 3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their 
>>> lowercase equivalents.
>>>
>>> Then add the following sentence at the end of that section:
>>>
>>> Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether
>>> case mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by
>>> implementations or deployments of that protocol.
>>
>> I have a hard time thinking that, especially for credentials, app
>> protocol 1 chooses no mapping and app protocol 2 chooses mapping and
>> that both are using the SASL layer below.  Looks like looking for
>> trouble here. no?
> 
> I see your point, although I agree with Nico and Jeff that for SASL
> purposes these things will be mostly or completely determined by the
> mechanism (not all mechanisms have a concept of a "simple user name" --
> the ones I'm familiar with are CRAM-MD5, DIGEST-MD5, and SCRAM).
> However, I think that this PRECIS profile might be used by
> non-SASL-using application protocols, such as HTTP authentication (see
> message from Yutaka Oiwa).
> 
> I will try to formulate some corrected text.

How's this?

OLD

   Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether
   case mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by
   implementations or deployments of that protocol.

NEW

   SASL mechanisms and application protocols that directly re-use this
   profile MUST specify whether case mapping or additional mapping is to
   be applied by implementations or deployments thereof.  Note that some
   application protocols themselves re-use SASL (examples include IMAP
   [RFC4616] and XMPP [RFC6120]); such protocols ought to apply the
   mapping rules defined for the relevant SASL mechanisms and not
   specify application-specific rules for that protocol's use of SASL or
   particular SASL mechanisms.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/



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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, precis@ietf.org, Marc Blanchet <marc.blanchet@viagenie.ca>
Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 7/11/13 8:55 AM, Jeffrey Hutzelman wrote:

[snipping lots of interesting material, since I'm focused on finding
appropriate text before the I-D deadline]

> Now, back to the original point...
> 
> 
>>>>   Application protocols that use this profile MUST specify whether
>> case
>>>>   mapping or additional mapping is to be applied by implementations
>> or
>>>>   deployments of that protocol.
>>>
>>> I have a hard time thinking that, especially for credentials, app
>> protocol 1 chooses no mapping and app protocol 2 chooses mapping and
>> that both are using the SASL layer below.  Looks like looking for
>> trouble here. no?
> 
> 
> The key phrase is "Application protocols that use this profile".  Such a
> protocol can apply the profile, and rules about whether to do
> case-mapping, only to protocol elements that belong to it.  For example,
> an application might apply the profile to its SASL authorization names,
> or to some other protocol element that is not related to SASL at all.
> But it cannot apply the profile to protocol elements that a particular
> SASL mechanism depends on, because those belong to the mechanism and
> exist below the SASL abstraction, where the application protocol spec
> cannot even see them.

Agreed.

> That said, I think we need to be clear that the profile is _also_
> available for use by SASL _mechanisms_, since after all, that was no
> small part of the original purpose of SASLprep.  The same requirement
> applies -- a mechanism that uses the profile must specify whether to do
> case folding.

Right. We have two direct customers here: SASL mechanisms and
application protocols that don't use SASL (e.g., HTTP auth). What you're
terming "SASL application protocols" are indirect customers and IMHO we
don't want to encourage them to do interesting things with the strings
that they feed into SASL implementations.

> FWIW, I think both the "OLD" and "NEW" variants from Peter's message are
> wrong.  We should not say that case-folding MUST be done, because that
> mandates its use everywhere.  However, we should also not say that it
> MAY be done, because that looks like we are granting permission for
> implementations of the profile to do case-folding anytime they want,
> even if that's not what the protocol says.

Mostly agree.

The PRECIS framework specification says that any PRECIS "usage" (of
which so far we have nickname, username, password, XMPP localpart, and
XMPP resourcepart) must specify its rules for casemapping (among other
things).

> Instead, we should keep only the sentence Peter proposes adding at the
> end, or some variation thereof, which has the effect of leaving the
> case-folding question up to the protocol applying the profile.

Right. So we need to re-word the rule:

REALLY OLD

   2.  So-called additional mappings MAY be applied, such as those
       defined in [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings].
   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their
       lowercase equivalents.

MORE RECENT

   2.  So-called additional mappings MAY be applied, such as those
       defined in [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings].
   3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their
       lowercase equivalents.

PROPOSED SOLUTION

   2.  SASL mechanisms and application protocols that directly
       use this profile MUST specify whether so-called additional
       mappings are to be applied, such as those defined in
       [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings].
   3.  SASL mechanisms and application protocols that directly
       use this profile MUST specify whether uppercase and titlecase
       characters are be mapped to their lowercase equivalents.

Then we'd have something like the follow-on paragraph I just posted:

   As noted, SASL mechanisms and application protocols that directly
   use this profile MUST specify whether case mapping and additional
   mappings are to be applied by implementations or deployments
   thereof.  Note that some application protocols themselves re-use
   SASL (examples include IMAP [RFC4616] and XMPP [RFC6120]); such
   protocols ought to apply the mapping rules defined for the relevant
   SASL mechanisms and not specify application-specific rules for that
   protocol's use of SASL or particular SASL mechanisms.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/



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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 2:45 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
> NEW
>
>    SASL mechanisms and application protocols that directly re-use this
>    profile MUST specify whether case mapping or additional mapping is to
>    be applied by implementations or deployments thereof.  Note that some
>    application protocols themselves re-use SASL (examples include IMAP
>    [RFC4616] and XMPP [RFC6120]); such protocols ought to apply the
>    mapping rules defined for the relevant SASL mechanisms and not
>    specify application-specific rules for that protocol's use of SASL or
>    particular SASL mechanisms.

I don't really like the second sentence.  In all cases *only* the
application applies any stringprep to authorization IDs, and *only*
mechanisms apply any stringprep to authentication IDs.  (If a SASL
framework implementation allows an app to provide an authentication DB
for a mechanism then the app is providing a bit of mechanism
functionality but it should still be understood as properly a part of
the mechanism.  We don't usually go into that level of detail in the
core SASL RFC, and we shouldn't here.

NEW
   SASL mechanisms that directly re-use this profile MUST specify
   whether case mapping is to be applied to authentication IDs, and
   when.  SASL mechanisms SHOULD delay any case mapping to the last
   possible moment, such as when doing a lookup by username, username
   comparisons, or generating a cryptographic salt from a username.

   SASL application protocols that directly re-use this profile MUST
   specify whether case mapping is to be applied to authorization IDs.
   SASL application protocols SHOULD delay any case mapping of
   authorization IDs to the last possible moment, which happens to
   necessarily be on the server side.

   Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL applications must not apply
   this or any other profile to authentication IDs.

   Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL mechanisms must not apply
   this or any other profile to authorization IDs.


Nico
--

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Subject: Re: [kitten] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 7/10/13 4:37 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
> On Wed, Jul 10, 2013 at 3:49 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>> Here is what I suggest in Section 2.2 of draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis:
>>
>> OLD
>>    3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MUST be mapped to their
>>        lowercase equivalents.
>>
>> NEW
>>    3.  Uppercase and titlecase characters MAY be mapped to their
>>        lowercase equivalents.
> 
> Do we need to give advice regarding the use of query strings for
> cryptographic protocols?  E.g., usernames as salts.  I think we do.

It seems to me that rules for handling query strings in a cryptographic
protocol would be the responsibility of that protocol. Now, maybe you
are suggesting that such protocols would apply the PRECIS profile we're
defining here, if it provides what they need. Do you think that the
rules in draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis are sufficient? I get the sense
you think more is needed, but I'm not yet sure exactly what.

> Specifically, *mechanisms* must specify what normalizations (and let's
> provide a nice one for them to all use) for such purposes.

When you say "mechanisms" do you mean "SASL mechanisms" and when you say
"normalizations" do you mean "Unicode normalization forms"? I ask
because I think we have those bases covered, but perhaps you're looking
for more...

Peter

-- 
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Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 7/11/13 2:12 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 2:45 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>> NEW
>>
>>    SASL mechanisms and application protocols that directly re-use this
>>    profile MUST specify whether case mapping or additional mapping is to
>>    be applied by implementations or deployments thereof.  Note that some
>>    application protocols themselves re-use SASL (examples include IMAP
>>    [RFC4616] and XMPP [RFC6120]); such protocols ought to apply the
>>    mapping rules defined for the relevant SASL mechanisms and not
>>    specify application-specific rules for that protocol's use of SASL or
>>    particular SASL mechanisms.
> 
> I don't really like the second sentence.  In all cases *only* the
> application applies any stringprep to authorization IDs, and *only*
> mechanisms apply any stringprep to authentication IDs.  (If a SASL
> framework implementation allows an app to provide an authentication DB
> for a mechanism then the app is providing a bit of mechanism
> functionality but it should still be understood as properly a part of
> the mechanism.  We don't usually go into that level of detail in the
> core SASL RFC, and we shouldn't here.
> 
> NEW
>    SASL mechanisms that directly re-use this profile MUST specify
>    whether case mapping is to be applied to authentication IDs, and
>    when.  SASL mechanisms SHOULD delay any case mapping to the last
>    possible moment, such as when doing a lookup by username, username
>    comparisons, or generating a cryptographic salt from a username.
> 
>    SASL application protocols that directly re-use this profile MUST
>    specify whether case mapping is to be applied to authorization IDs.
>    SASL application protocols SHOULD delay any case mapping of
>    authorization IDs to the last possible moment, which happens to
>    necessarily be on the server side.
> 
>    Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL applications must not apply
>    this or any other profile to authentication IDs.
> 
>    Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL mechanisms must not apply
>    this or any other profile to authorization IDs.

That is much more precise than what I had sketched out, and it looks
good to me.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/



From jhutz@cmu.edu  Thu Jul 11 13:46:11 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On Thu, 2013-07-11 at 14:30 -0600, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:

> > NEW
> >    SASL mechanisms that directly re-use this profile MUST specify
> >    whether case mapping is to be applied to authentication IDs, and
> >    when.  SASL mechanisms SHOULD delay any case mapping to the last
> >    possible moment, such as when doing a lookup by username, username
> >    comparisons, or generating a cryptographic salt from a username.
> > 
> >    SASL application protocols that directly re-use this profile MUST
> >    specify whether case mapping is to be applied to authorization IDs.
> >    SASL application protocols SHOULD delay any case mapping of
> >    authorization IDs to the last possible moment, which happens to
> >    necessarily be on the server side.
> > 
> >    Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL applications must not apply
> >    this or any other profile to authentication IDs.
> > 
> >    Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL mechanisms must not apply
> >    this or any other profile to authorization IDs.
> 
> That is much more precise than what I had sketched out, and it looks
> good to me.

Me too


From nico@cryptonector.com  Thu Jul 11 14:39:13 2013
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Subject: [kitten] What happened to simplifying the API in the charter
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Is it my imagination or did there use to be text in the charter for
this?  Or was it text for a tutorial or introduction Informational
RFC(s)?

I looked in the archived charters but didn't see it, so it must have
been in my imagination :(

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Thu Jul 11 14:40:09 2013
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Subject: [kitten] PKCROSS
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I note this text in the current charter:

  Prepare a standards-track protocol to solve the use cases addressed
        by draft-hotz-kx509-01 including new support for digital
        signatures.

The thought occurs that Kerberos + kx509 + PKINIT can be a sort of
PKCROSS.  That makes me very interested.  It shouldn't be very
difficult to build that almost entirely out of off-the-shelf protocol
pieces.  It's not trival though: we'd definitely need policy for
handling PKIX trust paths, and it wouldn't minimize the need for PK
crypto.

PKCROSS -or similar- is not in-charter at this time.

Just a thought,

Nico
--

From hotz@jpl.nasa.gov  Thu Jul 11 15:25:42 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] What happened to simplifying the API in the charter
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On Jul 11, 2013, at 2:38 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> =
wrote:

> Is it my imagination or did there use to be text in the charter for
> this?  Or was it text for a tutorial or introduction Informational
> RFC(s)?
>=20
> I looked in the archived charters but didn't see it, so it must have
> been in my imagination :(
>=20
> Nico
> --


I do recall some discussions along that line, but I don't think they =
made it all the way into the charter.  I think Tom Yu was collecting the =
input.

I have advocated such a thing in the past.  In particular, I think if we =
had an API which hid the lower level tokenization and transport details =
so the developer just did open()/send()/receive()/close() it would be =
easier to gain adoption into new applications.

------------------------------------------------------
The opinions expressed in this message are mine,
not those of Caltech, JPL, NASA, or the US Government.
Henry.B.Hotz@jpl.nasa.gov, or hbhotz@oxy.edu


From nico@cryptonector.com  Thu Jul 11 15:32:38 2013
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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:25 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
> I do recall some discussions along that line, but I don't think they made=
 it all the way into the charter.  I think Tom Yu was collecting the input.
>
> I have advocated such a thing in the past.  In particular, I think if we =
had an API which hid the lower level tokenization and transport details so =
the developer just did open()/send()/receive()/close() it would be easier t=
o gain adoption into new applications.

Roland's libknc does this.  I don't think it's released yet, and it
only covers the ordered octet stream case, but that, I think, is what
you meant.  libknc has an empty context + mutators/accessors, like the
new API for the channel bound flag.  IMO that's much easier to use.

I also think that the extended naming API also makes it easier to deal
with complex naming problems (as in the TLS server PKI, and PKIX in
general) -- easier than dealing in raw, mechanism-specific naming.

Nico
--

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Is that krb5-specific, or is it GSSAPI in general?

On Jul 11, 2013, at 3:32 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:

> Roland's libknc does this.

------------------------------------------------------
The opinions expressed in this message are mine,
not those of Caltech, JPL, NASA, or the US Government.
Henry.B.Hotz@jpl.nasa.gov, or hbhotz@oxy.edu


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On Jul 11, 2013, at 2:40 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> =
wrote:

> I note this text in the current charter:
>=20
>  Prepare a standards-track protocol to solve the use cases addressed
>        by draft-hotz-kx509-01 including new support for digital
>        signatures.

Yeah, I really, really need to get back to this.

> The thought occurs that Kerberos + kx509 + PKINIT can be a sort of
> PKCROSS. =20

Please elaborate?

The reason *I* would combine kx509 with PKINIT would be the use case of =
someone needing X.509 credentials on multiple client computers at once.  =
This is a real use case for us.

I was thinking of PKCROSS the other day as a possible solution to a =
rather specialized problem:  our realm-name conflict between Unix and AD =
kerberos.  You might think that for one-way trusts from another realm =
(like a smart-card-only realm) it would be OK to have both of them trust =
the other one.  Trouble is that with symmetric crypto if someone hacked =
the AD realm they could use the one-way trust key to forge other-realm =
cross-realm authentications to the Unix realm.  (Not picking on =
Microsoft.  The problem is symmetric.) I suspect that PKCROSS might =
allow a solution to that, though I have not read the draft to make sure. =
 I also suspect that it's too specialized a use case to justify the =
standards effort that would be required.

> That makes me very interested.  It shouldn't be very
> difficult to build that almost entirely out of off-the-shelf protocol
> pieces.  It's not trival though: we'd definitely need policy for
> handling PKIX trust paths,

I've lost a lot of interest in PKIX, per-se.  The overall revocation =
system is architecturally broken, and I can't tell if the co-chairs even =
understand the issues.  Instead we have vapor-ware like SCVP and TAMP.

> and it wouldn't minimize the need for PK
> crypto.
>=20
> PKCROSS -or similar- is not in-charter at this time.


If we can address use cases which PKIX doesn't, then it sounds valuable.
------------------------------------------------------
The opinions expressed in this message are mine,
not those of Caltech, JPL, NASA, or the US Government.
Henry.B.Hotz@jpl.nasa.gov, or hbhotz@oxy.edu


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On 12/07/2013, at 8:32 AM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:

> Roland's libknc does this.  I don't think it's released yet, and it
> only covers the ordered octet stream case, but that, I think, is what
> you meant.  libknc has an empty context + mutators/accessors, like the
> new API for the channel bound flag.  IMO that's much easier to use.

https://github.com/elric1/knc

--
Luke Howard / lukeh@padl.com
www.padl.com / www.lukehoward.com


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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:50 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
> Is that krb5-specific, or is it GSSAPI in general?

The 'k' in it is for "Kerberos", but in fact it uses the GSS-API in a
completely generic way.  It uses these GSS functions only:

gss_accept_sec_context
gss_delete_sec_context
gss_display_name
gss_display_status
gss_import_name
gss_init_sec_context
gss_release_buffer
gss_release_buffer
gss_release_cred
gss_release_name
gss_unwrap
gss_wrap

and does not interpret principal names in any way, leaving that to the
application.  (Note that it uses gss_display_name() and not
gss_export_name().  IMO it should output all of: display name,
exported name token, and exported composite name token if available.
I'll file an issue with it.)

Also, it should support credential export (where available, and apps
should be able to gss_store_cred() delegated creds, also where
available).

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Thu Jul 11 16:14:21 2013
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Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2013 18:14:13 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: "Henry B. Hotz" <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] PKCROSS
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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:54 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
> On Jul 11, 2013, at 2:40 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:
>> The thought occurs that Kerberos + kx509 + PKINIT can be a sort of
>> PKCROSS.
>
> Please elaborate?

Assume:

 - I have a TGT for realm FOO.EXAMPLE.
 - I want to talk to a service in BAR.EXAMPLE.
 - I have no credentials for any principal in BAR.EXAMPLE.
 - I can find no all-Kerberos trust path between FOO.EXAMPLE and BAR.EXAMPL=
E.
 - I can get a certificate for my client principal name using a kx509
service run by FOO.EXAMPLE.

Then maybe:

 - BAR.EXAMPLE accepts my use of that certificate (and private key)
with PKINIT and issues me a Ticket with nico@FOO.EXAMPLE for the
requested service at BAR.EXAMPLE (likely
krbtgt/BAR.EXAMPLE@BAR.EXAMPLE).

Here BAR.EXAMPLE's KDC will have to build and validate a trust path
for my certificate's trust., extract the krb5 SAN, decide whether to
accept it, and if it does, issue a Ticket for that SAN.

The transit path recorded in the Ticket should be FOO.EXAMPLE-><cert
path>->BAR.EXAMPLE.  It so happens that Kerberos can represent x.500
naming in transit paths -- how convenient!  I'm not sure that
implementations actually exist of x.500 realm naming in Kerberos, but,
hey.

> The reason *I* would combine kx509 with PKINIT would be the use case of s=
omeone needing X.509 credentials on multiple client computers at once.  Thi=
s is a real use case for us.

Presumably all from different realms?  Would that be the same as
described above?

> I was thinking of PKCROSS the other day as a possible solution to a rathe=
r specialized problem:  our realm-name conflict between Unix and AD kerbero=
s.  You might think that for one-way trusts from another realm (like a smar=
t-card-only realm) it would be OK to have both of them trust the other one.=
  Trouble is that with symmetric crypto if someone hacked the AD realm they=
 could use the one-way trust key to forge other-realm cross-realm authentic=
ations to the Unix realm.  (Not picking on Microsoft.  The problem is symme=
tric.) I suspect that PKCROSS might allow a solution to that, though I have=
 not read the draft to make sure.  I also suspect that it's too specialized=
 a use case to justify the standards effort that would be required.

All trusted-third-party protocols have this problem in the end.  What
can you do?  You have to trust all your KDCs, for all those realms
that you care about.

You might address this partially by havig Tickets bear the
certificates used by the clients as KDC-issued authorization-data, so
that applications could perform PKIX validation, including cert
revocation checking, apply various policies, ...

>> That makes me very interested.  It shouldn't be very
>> difficult to build that almost entirely out of off-the-shelf protocol
>> pieces.  It's not trival though: we'd definitely need policy for
>> handling PKIX trust paths,
>
> I've lost a lot of interest in PKIX, per-se.  The overall revocation syst=
em is architecturally broken, and I can't tell if the co-chairs even unders=
tand the issues.  Instead we have vapor-ware like SCVP and TAMP.

Oh, it's not PKIX I care about.  I just want something that scales
better than symmetrically keyed Kerberos cross-realm principals, and
with better security policies (e.g., sysadmins do not have to exchange
passwords from which the x-realm keys are derived; they might exchange
passwords to authenticate the key exchange, but the sysadmins should
not learn the keys as a result, or they might exchange certificate
fingerprints, ...).

>> PKCROSS -or similar- is not in-charter at this time.
>
>
> If we can address use cases which PKIX doesn't, then it sounds valuable.

The use case that PKIX doesn't address is where you've deployed
Kerberos widely and you want to either a) scale it up mode widely
(e.g., in the EDU world), and/or b) remove the manual symmetric key
exchange, and/or c) not have to worry about cross-realm key rollover
(or enctype changes, e.g., to go to stronger enctypes as they become
available).

Nico
--

From stpeter@stpeter.im  Thu Jul 11 16:32:38 2013
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Date: Thu, 11 Jul 2013 17:32:30 -0600
From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, precis@ietf.org, Marc Blanchet <marc.blanchet@viagenie.ca>
Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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On 7/11/13 2:45 PM, Jeffrey Hutzelman wrote:
> On Thu, 2013-07-11 at 14:30 -0600, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> 
>>> NEW
>>>    SASL mechanisms that directly re-use this profile MUST specify
>>>    whether case mapping is to be applied to authentication IDs, and
>>>    when.  SASL mechanisms SHOULD delay any case mapping to the last
>>>    possible moment, such as when doing a lookup by username, username
>>>    comparisons, or generating a cryptographic salt from a username.
>>>
>>>    SASL application protocols that directly re-use this profile MUST
>>>    specify whether case mapping is to be applied to authorization IDs.
>>>    SASL application protocols SHOULD delay any case mapping of
>>>    authorization IDs to the last possible moment, which happens to
>>>    necessarily be on the server side.
>>>
>>>    Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL applications must not apply
>>>    this or any other profile to authentication IDs.
>>>
>>>    Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL mechanisms must not apply
>>>    this or any other profile to authorization IDs.
>>
>> That is much more precise than what I had sketched out, and it looks
>> good to me.
> 
> Me too

Great. If there are no objections from my co-author in the next 24 hours
or so, I'll submit a revised I-D. I'd really like to finish off all this
i18n stuff... :-)

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/



From nico@cryptonector.com  Thu Jul 11 17:20:25 2013
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: "Henry B. Hotz" <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, "Roland C. Dowdeswell" <elric@imrryr.org>
Subject: Re: [kitten] What happened to simplifying the API in the charter
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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 6:00 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:
> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:50 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
>> Is that krb5-specific, or is it GSSAPI in general?
>
> The 'k' in it is for "Kerberos", but in fact it uses the GSS-API in a
> completely generic way.  It uses these GSS functions only:
>

Also, the libknc API gives the application the actual gss_name_t
values, so the application can do what it likes.

So, yes, libknc is very much generic, not Kerberos-specific.  Perhaps
Roland should rename it :)

The knc(1) program only deals in display names.  It could export the
initiator's name and give it to the application; since the protocol by
which knc(1) talks to the server program is textual, the exported name
token would have to be hex encoded.

So knc(1) the program isn't quite generic enough, but it's very close.

Nico
--

From nico@cryptonector.com  Thu Jul 11 18:31:37 2013
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: "Henry B. Hotz" <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] PKCROSS
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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 6:14 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:
> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:54 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
>> On Jul 11, 2013, at 2:40 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:
>>> The thought occurs that Kerberos + kx509 + PKINIT can be a sort of
>>> PKCROSS.
>>
>> Please elaborate?

There are some downsides to this approach:

 - it requires kx509 (not a big deal, but, it is one more piece)

 - it requires PK for every x-realm TGT obtained when there's no
symmetrically-keyed x-realm principals available

 - the client realm doesn't find out about the client's interest in
talking to the target realm

The originally-envisioned PKCROSS protocol, IIUC, also had the first
two problems.  The third might be considered a feature (privacy!), and
probably justifies the first problem.  The second problem can be cured
by having realms proactively use this same protocol as part of
exchanging symmetric cross-realm principal keys.

On the plus side, it'd get us exactly what we want from PKCROSS:

 - PKI or manual trust anchor exchange for x-realm trust setup

Note too that leap-of-faith is also possible, both on the client side
and on the target side: the target realm's KDCs could accept *any* PKI
trust path, record it in the transit path, and NOT set the
TRANSIT-POLICY-CHECKED ticket flag.

With this and DNS (and DNSSEC) we can scale Kerberos cross-realm.

The cross-realm symmetric key exchange protocol would be trivial:

 - use a cert with a krbtgt/REALM@REALM id-pkinit-san to get a Ticket
(with PKINIT) for the target's krbtgt/TARGET@TARGET

 - use a new KDCOptions flag to indicate that the above Ticket's
session key is to become the long-term key for krbtgt/TARGET@REALM

which TARGET's KDCs could reject for reasons such as: not supported,
couldn't validate the source realm's PKIX trust path, ...

Nico
--

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http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-williams-kitten-krb5-pkcross-00.txt

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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 9:57 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-williams-kitten-krb5-pkcross-00.txt

Immediately followed by a -01 adding mention of DANE [RFC6698].

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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:54 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
> On Jul 11, 2013, at 2:40 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:
>
>> I note this text in the current charter:
>>
>>  Prepare a standards-track protocol to solve the use cases addressed
>>        by draft-hotz-kx509-01 including new support for digital
>>        signatures.
>
> Yeah, I really, really need to get back to this.

Oh.  You were being sarcastic.  The RFC issued (and I missed that).  Har.

From rra@stanford.edu  Thu Jul 11 21:34:18 2013
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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:
> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:54 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
>> On Jul 11, 2013, at 2:40 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:

>>> I note this text in the current charter:

>>>  Prepare a standards-track protocol to solve the use cases addressed
>>>        by draft-hotz-kx509-01 including new support for digital
>>>        signatures.

>> Yeah, I really, really need to get back to this.

> Oh.  You were being sarcastic.  The RFC issued (and I missed that).  Har.

No, I don't think he was being sarcastic.  The RFC that was published
documents the existing protocol, which is kind of broken.  I'm pretty sure
this charter action is about *revising* that protocol and making it more
sane.

-- 
Russ Allbery (rra@stanford.edu)             <http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/>

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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 11:34 PM, Russ Allbery <rra@stanford.edu> wrote:
> No, I don't think he was being sarcastic.  The RFC that was published
> documents the existing protocol, which is kind of broken.  I'm pretty sure
> this charter action is about *revising* that protocol and making it more
> sane.

Ah.  OK.  How much change do you think it needs?  Some?  Or are we
talking about a complete re-write?

From rra@stanford.edu  Thu Jul 11 21:59:20 2013
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Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> writes:
> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 11:34 PM, Russ Allbery <rra@stanford.edu> wrote:

>> No, I don't think he was being sarcastic.  The RFC that was published
>> documents the existing protocol, which is kind of broken.  I'm pretty
>> sure this charter action is about *revising* that protocol and making
>> it more sane.

> Ah.  OK.  How much change do you think it needs?  Some?  Or are we
> talking about a complete re-write?

The current protocol is pretty weird.  One obvious point is that it uses
raw AP-REQs instead of GSS-API.

-- 
Russ Allbery (rra@stanford.edu)             <http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/>

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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 11:59 PM, Russ Allbery <rra@stanford.edu> wrote:
>> Ah.  OK.  How much change do you think it needs?  Some?  Or are we
>> talking about a complete re-write?
>
> The current protocol is pretty weird.  One obvious point is that it uses
> raw AP-REQs instead of GSS-API.

True.  Actually, Kerberos itself is like that... (ah no, let's not
discuss GSS pre-auth in this thread :)

Anyways, if this PKCROSS design is to go anywhere it will need a
Standards-Track kx509.

If we'd need kx509 to allow for stateless server operation then GSS
would be, once more, a bit of an odd-duck, as in KDC exchanges.  The
same solution (export context, encrypt in local key, send back as
state cookie) would work, provided we don't need replay protection,
but the obviously easy thing to do is to... use raw AP exchanges.

Is it so weird, that kx509 uses AP-REQs instead of GSS, then?  Yes,
but not quite too weird:

If I had to design this and *not* use GSS I'd... start with the
thought of shoving a CSR in to an authorization-data element of the
Authenticator, sending an AP-REQ, and expecting back an AP-REP +
KRB-PRIV in the same reply.  Why privacy?  Because I might be trying
to hide my principal name, but then I'd want something like FAST so I
could use an anon PKINIT ticket as an armor ticket.  By which point
the whole thing really begins to look like a repeat of the existing
KDC exchanges, so maybe we should do just that, sending a CSR as
authz-data in a KDC-REQ for the kx509 service principal, and re-using
the whole FAST machinery.

If I had to design this and use GSS, not raw Kerberos, I'd probably do
the encrypted state cookies thing and use timestamps and clocks to
reduce the window for replays and a small table of extant, unexpired
state nonces -- think TCP SYN cookies.  Or accept state and set a
timer on each partially established security context and its
corresponding TCP connection (after all, the web runs on HTTPS on TCP,
if they can deal, so can we, and this is a service that can expect
much lower load than a normal KDC).  Either way privacy protection
would be implemented by tunneling GSS in GSS.

If we can re-use the FAST machinery of existing FAST clients and KDCs
then I think it becomes quite tempting to do so.  OTOH, the beauty of
using GSS is that the CA could then work with any GSS authentication
mechanism that can provide at least integrity protection to the CSR
(e.g., via channel binding), and that's not something I'd want to give
up on.

If we can rely on Alejandro and Rafa finishing GSS pre-auth, then FAST
seems like the way to go.  No?

Nico
--

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To: Luke Howard <lukeh@padl.com>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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Looks like the choices now are:

1. Come up with a security proof that the current short plaintext =
algorithm is secure (so Nico isn't worried about baked-in crypto =
weaknesses), and continue with CTS
2. Go back to CBC with padding (my original proposal a couple of years =
ago)
3. Wait to see what SSPI (and other?) applications are negatively =
affected by plaintext padding, then choose 1. or 2.

I still like 2, or 3 then 2 :)

Kelley

On Jul 10, 2013, at 8:17 PM, Luke Howard <lukeh@padl.com> wrote:

> Good point Jeff.
>=20
> An SSPI application can call =
QueryContextAttributes(SECPKG_ATTR_SIZES), but unlike =
gss_wrap_iov_length(), that data to be wrapped is not passed as an =
argument. So it can only return the maximum security trailer size =
(trailer being the RFC4121 wrap token/rotated checksum).
>=20
> If an in-place wrap truncates the trailer length, the application =
protocol may not be able to update it (consider something like DCE RPC =
where the message length is also authenticated). (It's sort of =
irrelevant whether the padding is done inside the trailer -- via EC -- =
or by the application.)
>=20
> I would need to do some research; from memory DCE RPC always pads PDUs =
to 16 bytes, so for common block sizes the trailer is effectively =
constant length (there is no requirement for EC). I will investigate.
>=20
> Of course, there are other SSPI applications than DCE RPC, but I'm not =
sure if they have the limitation of not allowing the trailer size to be =
shorter after wrap.
>=20
> -- Luke
> _______________________________________________
> Kitten mailing list
> Kitten@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten


From elric@imrryr.org  Fri Jul 12 06:04:41 2013
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Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2013 09:54:33 +0100
From: "Roland C. Dowdeswell" <elric@imrryr.org>
To: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] What happened to simplifying the API in the charter
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On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 07:20:15PM -0500, Nico Williams wrote:
>

> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 6:00 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:
> > On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:50 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
> >> Is that krb5-specific, or is it GSSAPI in general?
> >
> > The 'k' in it is for "Kerberos", but in fact it uses the GSS-API in a
> > completely generic way.  It uses these GSS functions only:
> >
> 
> Also, the libknc API gives the application the actual gss_name_t
> values, so the application can do what it likes.
> 
> So, yes, libknc is very much generic, not Kerberos-specific.  Perhaps
> Roland should rename it :)

I was certainly thinking of renaming it.  When originally written, quite
a long time ago, I was only thinking about Kerberos but since then I've
made things quite a bit more generic.

> The knc(1) program only deals in display names.  It could export the
> initiator's name and give it to the application; since the protocol by
> which knc(1) talks to the server program is textual, the exported name
> token would have to be hex encoded.
> 
> So knc(1) the program isn't quite generic enough, but it's very close.

Definitely.  Lately, I've been putting more work into the library
interface which is much more generic than the command line utility
at this point, but the plan is to rewrite the command line utility
in terms of the library and expose more of the functionality.  For
naming, on the server side, the command line will set environment
variables such as KNC_CREDS which is the gss_display_name() of the
other end of the connexion.  It would be very easy to add something
like KNC_EXPORT_NAME being the base64 encoded export name.  I'll
probably also make KNC_CREDS specific to the Kerberos case as the
gss_display_name() semantics in that case are well understood.
(This is similar to the approach that I am using to add Negotiate
support to bozohttpd, i.e. set REMOTE_USER to gss_display_name()
if Kerberos is used for compatibility with apache and set EXPORT_NAME
to the export name in all cases for something with a bit more in
the way of correctness for other mechanisms.)

--
    Roland Dowdeswell                      http://Imrryr.ORG/~elric/

From stpeter@stpeter.im  Fri Jul 12 11:39:31 2013
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FYI, a revised I-D is now available for "SASLprepbis", reflecting input
from folks on the KITTEN list. Thanks for your feedback!


-------- Original Message --------
Subject: [precis] I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-03.txt
Date: Fri, 12 Jul 2013 11:38:10 -0700
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
CC: precis@ietf.org


A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
directories.
 This draft is a work item of the Preparation and Comparison of
Internationalized Strings Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Preparation and Comparison of Internationalized
Strings Representing Simple User Names and Passwords
	Author(s)       : Peter Saint-Andre
                          Alexey Melnikov
	Filename        : draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-03.txt
	Pages           : 14
	Date            : 2013-07-12

Abstract:
   This document describes how to handle Unicode strings representing
   simple user names and passwords, primarily for purposes of
   comparison.  This profile is intended to be used by Simple
   Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) mechanisms (such as PLAIN
   and SCRAM-SHA-1), as well as other protocols that exchange simple
   user names or passwords.  This document obsoletes RFC 4013.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-03

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-03


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

_______________________________________________
precis mailing list
precis@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/precis



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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Fri, 12 Jul 2013, Kelley Burgin wrote:

> Looks like the choices now are:
>
> 1. Come up with a security proof that the current short plaintext algorithm is secure (so Nico isn't worried about baked-in crypto weaknesses), and continue with CTS
> 2. Go back to CBC with padding (my original proposal a couple of years ago)
> 3. Wait to see what SSPI (and other?) applications are negatively affected by plaintext padding, then choose 1. or 2.
>
> I still like 2, or 3 then 2 :)

>From the research I did through the krb-wg mail archives, I do not see 
reason to support (3).  Going with (2) seems fine.

-Ben

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On Jul 11, 2013, at 4:14 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> =
wrote:

> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 5:54 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> =
wrote:
>> On Jul 11, 2013, at 2:40 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> =
wrote:
>>> The thought occurs that Kerberos + kx509 + PKINIT can be a sort of
>>> PKCROSS.
>>=20
>> Please elaborate?
>=20
> Assume:
>=20
> - I have a TGT for realm FOO.EXAMPLE.
> - I want to talk to a service in BAR.EXAMPLE.
> - I have no credentials for any principal in BAR.EXAMPLE.
> - I can find no all-Kerberos trust path between FOO.EXAMPLE and =
BAR.EXAMPLE.
> - I can get a certificate for my client principal name using a kx509
> service run by FOO.EXAMPLE.
>=20
> Then maybe:
>=20
> - BAR.EXAMPLE accepts my use of that certificate (and private key)
> with PKINIT and issues me a Ticket with nico@FOO.EXAMPLE for the
> requested service at BAR.EXAMPLE (likely
> krbtgt/BAR.EXAMPLE@BAR.EXAMPLE).
>=20
> Here BAR.EXAMPLE's KDC will have to build and validate a trust path
> for my certificate's trust., extract the krb5 SAN, decide whether to
> accept it, and if it does, issue a Ticket for that SAN.
>=20
> The transit path recorded in the Ticket should be FOO.EXAMPLE-><cert
> path>->BAR.EXAMPLE.  It so happens that Kerberos can represent x.500
> naming in transit paths -- how convenient!  I'm not sure that
> implementations actually exist of x.500 realm naming in Kerberos, but,
> hey.

So the short version would be that we use a kx509-issued cert as a =
stand-in for a cross-realm relationship. =20

I recall a bunch of jokes about that while writing the RFC.  However =
Doug Engert actually proposed that use case for Globus.  It's arguably a =
minor extension of the existing SLCS policies.  The security =
considerations just say "here there be [policy] dragons". ;-)

Since it's up to the kdc to decide how X.509 cert's are related to =
principals, I don't think you actually need anything except a convention =
(which your assumptions imply) for when the client should try this =
approach. =20

Strict need aside, I can see some value in being able to provide =
information about how a foreign principal was validated.  Putting an =
X.509 name into a transited field doesn't strike me as a bad way to do =
it, especially since it gives you a legacy-compatible way for the KDC to =
flag policy issues.  Another less-compatible way to do it would be to =
just issue an X500 principal tgt directly.

Formal modeling of Kerberos says "here there be dragons" about =
cross-realm.  It would be nice if an explicit extension to support X.509 =
certs for cross-realm could be restricted in a way which allowed proof =
of the desired properties.

>> The reason *I* would combine kx509 with PKINIT would be the use case =
of someone needing X.509 credentials on multiple client computers at =
once.  This is a real use case for us.
>=20
> Presumably all from different realms?  Would that be the same as
> described above?

Nah.  Just a user can only have one PIV card, but they may need to use =
more than one computer at a time.  Using kx509-issued certs instead of =
the originals on the card gives you a way to cache your authentications. =
 It's also faster to set up than waiting through multiple cycles on an =
RSA token.

>> I was thinking of PKCROSS the other day as a possible solution to a =
rather specialized problem:  our realm-name conflict between Unix and AD =
kerberos.  You might think that for one-way trusts from another realm =
(like a smart-card-only realm) it would be OK to have both of them trust =
the other one.  Trouble is that with symmetric crypto if someone hacked =
the AD realm they could use the one-way trust key to forge other-realm =
cross-realm authentications to the Unix realm.  (Not picking on =
Microsoft.  The problem is symmetric.) I suspect that PKCROSS might =
allow a solution to that, though I have not read the draft to make sure. =
 I also suspect that it's too specialized a use case to justify the =
standards effort that would be required.
>=20
> All trusted-third-party protocols have this problem in the end.  What
> can you do?  You have to trust all your KDCs, for all those realms
> that you care about.
>=20
> You might address this partially by havig Tickets bear the
> certificates used by the clients as KDC-issued authorization-data, so
> that applications could perform PKIX validation, including cert
> revocation checking, apply various policies, =85
>=20
>>> That makes me very interested.  It shouldn't be very
>>> difficult to build that almost entirely out of off-the-shelf =
protocol
>>> pieces.  It's not trival though: we'd definitely need policy for
>>> handling PKIX trust paths,
>>=20
>> I've lost a lot of interest in PKIX, per-se.  The overall revocation =
system is architecturally broken, and I can't tell if the co-chairs even =
understand the issues.  Instead we have vapor-ware like SCVP and TAMP.
>=20
> Oh, it's not PKIX I care about.  I just want something that scales
> better than symmetrically keyed Kerberos cross-realm principals, and
> with better security policies (e.g., sysadmins do not have to exchange
> passwords from which the x-realm keys are derived; they might exchange
> passwords to authenticate the key exchange, but the sysadmins should
> not learn the keys as a result, or they might exchange certificate
> fingerprints, =85).

We're less concerned with the "insider threat" than most. =20

I agree public-key better models the trust relationship of 1-way cross =
realm than symmetric key.  Also agree that configuring those =
relationships has a lot of practical issues.  If it's explicitly =
configured, then I don't think PKIX adds any value.  Just use asymmetric =
encryption instead of symmetric.  (Maybe issue a symmetric tgt to make =
subsequent tgs requests more efficient?)

>>> PKCROSS -or similar- is not in-charter at this time.
>>=20
>> If we can address use cases which PKIX doesn't, then it sounds =
valuable.
>=20
> The use case that PKIX doesn't address is where you've deployed
> Kerberos widely and you want to either a) scale it up mode widely
> (e.g., in the EDU world), and/or b) remove the manual symmetric key
> exchange, and/or c) not have to worry about cross-realm key rollover
> (or enctype changes, e.g., to go to stronger enctypes as they become
> available).
>=20
> Nico
> --

------------------------------------------------------
The opinions expressed in this message are mine,
not those of Caltech, JPL, NASA, or the US Government.
Henry.B.Hotz@jpl.nasa.gov, or hbhotz@oxy.edu


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Subject: [kitten] I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-kerberos-iana-registries-02.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Common Authentication Technology Next Gen=
eration Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Move Kerberos protocol parameter registries to IANA
	Author(s)       : Tom Yu
	Filename        : draft-ietf-kitten-kerberos-iana-registries-02.txt
	Pages           : 8
	Date            : 2013-07-14

Abstract:
   The Keberos 5 network authentication protocol has several numeric
   protocol parameters.  Most of these parameters are not currently
   under IANA maintenance.  This document requests that IANA take over
   the maintenance of the remainder of these Kerberos parameters.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-kitten-kerberos-iana-registries

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-kitten-kerberos-iana-registries-02

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-kitten-kerberos-iana-registri=
es-02


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From hotz@jpl.nasa.gov  Sun Jul 14 18:54:55 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] PKCROSS
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On Jul 11, 2013, at 9:54 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> =
wrote:

> On Thu, Jul 11, 2013 at 11:34 PM, Russ Allbery <rra@stanford.edu> =
wrote:
>> No, I don't think he was being sarcastic.  The RFC that was published
>> documents the existing protocol, which is kind of broken.  I'm pretty =
sure
>> this charter action is about *revising* that protocol and making it =
more
>> sane.
>=20
> Ah.  OK.  How much change do you think it needs?  Some?  Or are we
> talking about a complete re-write?


The current RFC has a bunch of comments scattered through it about =
changes to be made in a "future incompatible upgrade".  One specific =
point that multiple people complained about is it uses SHA1, and ought =
to use the Kerberos checksum for whatever enctype is in use.

------------------------------------------------------
The opinions expressed in this message are mine,
not those of Caltech, JPL, NASA, or the US Government.
Henry.B.Hotz@jpl.nasa.gov, or hbhotz@oxy.edu


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Subject: [kitten] I-D Action: draft-ietf-krb-wg-cammac-05.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Common Authentication Technology Next Gen=
eration Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Kerberos Authorization Data Container Authenticated by M=
ultiple MACs
	Author(s)       : Simo Sorce
                          Tom Yu
                          Thomas Hardjono
	Filename        : draft-ietf-krb-wg-cammac-05.txt
	Pages           : 9
	Date            : 2013-07-14

Abstract:
   Abstract: This document specifies a Kerberos Authorization Data
   container that supersedes AD-KDC-ISSUED.  It allows for multiple
   Message Authentication Codes (MACs) or signatures to authenticate the
   contained Authorization Data elements.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-krb-wg-cammac

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From weijun.wang@oracle.com  Sun Jul 14 20:59:06 2013
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Subject: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way to return a token when context establishment fails
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Hi All

I am Weijun Wang from the Java SE Seurity Team at Oracle, and this mail 
is about a design flaw in the initSecContext and acceptSecContext 
methods of the GSSContext class defined in RFC 5653 7.4.3 [1] and 7.4.9 [2].

The GSSContext::initSecContext() method could either return a token 
(possibly null if no more token is needed) when the call succeeds or 
throw a GSSException if there is a failure, but not *both*. The same 
applies to acceptSecContext().

On the other hand, the C bindings of GSS-API has a chance to return 
both, and it does try to make use of both of them (according to RFC 2743 
2.2.1 [3]):

    It is the caller's responsibility to establish a communications path
    to the target, and to transmit any returned output_token (independent
    of the accompanying returned major_status value) to the target over
    that path.

Without the ability to send a token when there is a failure, a Java 
program has no chance to tell the other side what's happening. This is 
very user-unfriendly. Also, in the case of SPNEGO, a "reject" 
NegTokenResp token will never be able to sent out.

My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the 
GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return 
this last token. This means the method calls will be something like

         try {
             send(initSecContext(inToken));
         } catch (GSSException e) {
             if (e.getOutputToken() != null) {
                 send(e.getOutputToken());
             }
             throw e;
         }

The getOutputToken() method can only return a non-null value when it's 
thrown by an initSecContext or acceptSecContext call. The method won't 
throw another GSSException even if the exception was thrown in other calls.

We can use the new JDK 8 default method feature [1] to add this new 
method to the existing GSSException interface.

Thanks
Weijun

[1] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.3[2] 
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.9
[3] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-46
[4] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.5

From jhutz@cmu.edu  Mon Jul 15 10:33:50 2013
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From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
To: Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com>
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 13:33:41 -0400
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way to return a token when context establishment fails
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On Mon, 2013-07-15 at 11:58 +0800, Weijun Wang wrote:

> My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the 
> GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return 
> this last token. This means the method calls will be something like

This seems like an elegant solution to the problem.

-- Jeff


From nico@cryptonector.com  Mon Jul 15 12:37:05 2013
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: "Henry B. Hotz" <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] kx509 update/redesign (Re: PKCROSS)
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Having thought about this a bit, I'd like to note one thing and
propose a design.

The note: there's not much difference between issuing a Ticket and a
Certificate, nor, for that matter, is there much difference between
asking for a Ticket or a Certificate.  In either case we need
machinery *like* the machinery we already have for KDC exchanges.

The proposed design:

 - add a new type derived from KDC-REQ and KDC-REP, call it KCA-REQ and KCA-REP
 - a KCA-REQ would be like a TGS-REQ in that it would carry a PA-TGS-REQ
 - a KCA-REQ would also carry a PA-KCA-SUBJECT-PUBLIC-KEY or PA-KCA-CSR
 - a KCA-REQ would also carry a PA-KCA-REQ beaing a signature with
that key of the rest of the KDC-REQ (including the other PAs, but
excluding, obviously, the PA-KCA-REQ)

 - the KCA-REP would be like any other KDC-REP, but instead of bearing
a Ticket it would bear an OCTET STRING containing a Certificate, and
while we're at it, the cert should be in the enc-part of the reply,
and while we're at it, might as well include a SEQUENCE OF octet
strings containing OCSP Responses for the cert, the KCA's cert, -- the
trust path.

 - use a different RRSet naming for KCA than for KDCs so as to enable
isolation, but otherwise default to port 88 and the same hosts as KDCs
(they can still isolate the KCA functionality and key material using
IPC after all)

Rationale:

 - there's little difference between issuing a ticket and a cert ->
reuse the ticket issuance machinery as much as possible

 - we'll want FAST for KCA for the same reasons as we did for the AS and TGS

Cons:

 - doesn't use GSS

   But that's OK: we'll just have to finish GSS pre-auth.

Nico
--

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Subject: Re: [kitten] I-D Action: draft-ietf-krb-wg-cammac-05.txt
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On Sun, 14 Jul 2013, internet-drafts@ietf.org wrote:

>
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
> This draft is a work item of the Common Authentication Technology Next Generation Working Group of the IETF.
>
> 	Title           : Kerberos Authorization Data Container Authenticated by Multiple MACs
> 	Author(s)       : Simo Sorce
>                          Tom Yu
>                          Thomas Hardjono
> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-krb-wg-cammac-05.txt
> 	Pages           : 9
> 	Date            : 2013-07-14
>
> Abstract:
>   Abstract: This document specifies a Kerberos Authorization Data
>   container that supersedes AD-KDC-ISSUED.  It allows for multiple
>   Message Authentication Codes (MACs) or signatures to authenticate the
>   contained Authorization Data elements.
>
>
> The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-krb-wg-cammac

I caught Tom and Simo on IRC, but should summarize to the list:

I think we should provide a little more guidance about what the 
AD_CAMMAC_BINDING element would contain (i.e., what it would be a checksum 
over).  Tom says we could give a "signed ticket" as an example, and Simo 
suggests that we could put something in the security considerations 
section, which is fine for me.  When an actual implementation is in place, 
we could put out an informational RFC with the format that is used, to aid 
interoperability.

-Ben

From marc.blanchet@viagenie.ca  Sun Jul 14 09:31:23 2013
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To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, precis@ietf.org, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: [kitten] [precis] Fwd: I-D Action: draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-01.txt
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Le 2013-07-11 =E0 19:32, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> a =E9crit =
:

> On 7/11/13 2:45 PM, Jeffrey Hutzelman wrote:
>> On Thu, 2013-07-11 at 14:30 -0600, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>>=20
>>>> NEW
>>>>   SASL mechanisms that directly re-use this profile MUST specify
>>>>   whether case mapping is to be applied to authentication IDs, and
>>>>   when.  SASL mechanisms SHOULD delay any case mapping to the last
>>>>   possible moment, such as when doing a lookup by username, =
username
>>>>   comparisons, or generating a cryptographic salt from a username.
>>>>=20
>>>>   SASL application protocols that directly re-use this profile MUST
>>>>   specify whether case mapping is to be applied to authorization =
IDs.
>>>>   SASL application protocols SHOULD delay any case mapping of
>>>>   authorization IDs to the last possible moment, which happens to
>>>>   necessarily be on the server side.
>>>>=20
>>>>   Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL applications must not =
apply
>>>>   this or any other profile to authentication IDs.
>>>>=20
>>>>   Note that, in keeping with RFC4422, SASL mechanisms must not =
apply
>>>>   this or any other profile to authorization IDs.
>>>=20
>>> That is much more precise than what I had sketched out, and it looks
>>> good to me.
>>=20
>> Me too
>=20
> Great. If there are no objections from my co-author in the next 24 =
hours
> or so,

you're ok ... ;-)

Marc.

> I'll submit a revised I-D. I'd really like to finish off all this
> i18n stuff... :-)
>=20
> Peter
>=20
> --=20
> Peter Saint-Andre
> https://stpeter.im/


From qiminpeng@chinamobile.com  Mon Jul 15 21:39:23 2013
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From: =?utf-8?B?6b2Q5pe76bmP?= <qiminpeng@chinamobile.com>
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Subject: [kitten] FW: New Version Notification for draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt
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Dear all,
We have submitted a new draft about the group authentication and send it =
to saag list for discussion. We also want to find a more suitable =
subgroup to discuss it.=20
With advice from some experts, we want to forward it to this working =
group and try to attract yours' attention for this draft.
All comments and suggested improvements are welcome.

BRs,
Minpeng

-----=E9=82=AE=E4=BB=B6=E5=8E=9F=E4=BB=B6-----
=E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: =E9=BD=90=E6=97=BB=E9=B9=8F =
[mailto:qiminpeng@chinamobile.com]=20
=E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4: 2013=E5=B9=B46=E6=9C=8824=E6=97=A5 =
11:11
=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: 'saag@ietf.org'
=E4=B8=BB=E9=A2=98: FW: New Version Notification for =
draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt

Hi everyone,

The authors have submit a new draft for the group authentication. We =
will appreciate if you have a look and give us any comment or =
suggestion. The link is as below.

Here is a problem that for group communication there is only uni-cast =
authentication instead of group authentication method can be used. This =
draft wants to analyze the problem, to summarize group authentication =
requirement and to provide a framework of solutions.

This draft is to discuss a new kind of authentication so we think it =
would be better to discuss it also in security email list and try to =
find a suitable subgroup to discuss it.

BRs,
Minpeng

-----=E9=82=AE=E4=BB=B6=E5=8E=9F=E4=BB=B6-----
=E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: internet-drafts@ietf.org =
[mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org]=20
=E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4: 2013=E5=B9=B46=E6=9C=8824=E6=97=A5 =
10:19
=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: Ye Tian; Minpeng Qi; Judy Zhu
=E4=B8=BB=E9=A2=98: New Version Notification for =
draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt


A new version of I-D, draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt
has been successfully submitted by Judy Zhu and posted to the
IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-zhu-core-groupauth
Revision:	 00
Title:		 Group Authentication
Creation date:	 2013-06-24
Group:		 Individual Submission
Number of pages: 10
URL:             =
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt
Status:          =
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-zhu-core-groupauth
Htmlized:        http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00


Abstract:
   The group communication is designed for the communication of Internet
   of Things. A threat is identified in [I-D.ietf-core-groupcomm] that
   current DTLS based approach is unicast oriented and there is no
   supporting on group authentication feature. Unicast oriented
   authentication will causing serious burden when a large number of
   terminal nodes will be involved inevitably. In another aspect, some
   terminals will own the same characteristics, such as owning same
   features, in the same place, working in the same time, etc. With this
   mechanism, all terminals can be authenticated together with little
   signaling and calculation at the same time. It will reduce the
   network burden and save time. This draft describes the security of
   group authentication and an group authentication implementation
   method for the Internet of things.

                                                                         =
        =20


The IETF Secretariat





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Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2013 10:38:54 -0400
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To: Kelley Burgin <kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil>
References: <20130628173017.2197.22687.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <ldv1u77jnzi.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <CAK3OfOiqmJ=Nv36RD2PkTygshK31Jit3Fzr2jy4S1uXbZ8YjmA@mail.gmail.com> <7772_1373495078_r6AMObRr007482_ldvwqoygijs.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <1373497760.23365.223.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu> <99F1C096-A80D-42EF-8422-854EE7625073@padl.com> <F2E93EF5-8ED3-4889-92F4-69BFF75949C4@tycho.ncsc.mil>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On 07/12/2013 09:27 AM, Kelley Burgin wrote:
> 1. Come up with a security proof that the current short plaintext algorithm is secure (so Nico isn't worried about baked-in crypto weaknesses), and continue with CTS
> 2. Go back to CBC with padding (my original proposal a couple of years ago)
> 3. Wait to see what SSPI (and other?) applications are negatively affected by plaintext padding, then choose 1. or 2.

At the moment I favor #2.

I know I was the one who relayed the SSPI-based objections to padded CBC
in the past, so this may seem inconsistent.  At the time my reasoning
was that we were already used to the pain of having CTS and we aren't
going to get away from it any time soon, so even a vaguely-understood
objection based on SSPI usage ought to be sufficient.  I did not
consider that the use of explicit IVs instead of confounders would
necessitate a complicated and novel construction to make CTS work for
short plaintexts.

Now that we have gone through that exercise, I think we would need a
much clearer objection from the SSPI front to justify the use of CTS
with the proposed enctype.

While I'm here, Jeff asked a question which wasn't really answered:
> What about non-legacy applications implementing standards-track
> GSS-API-using protocols according to a specification that isn't written
> with the SSPI in mind?  It's all well and good to say "call the API to
> see what length you should use", but if the protocol says to send a
> 1025-byte message, then I have to send a 1025-byte message, even if the
> SSPI would rather I somehow only send a 1016-byte message.

I don't understand this question.  All RFC 3961 enctypes carry some
plaintext expansion, which in turn affects the length of a CFX wrap
token.  The existing (RFC 3962) AES enctypes have a fixed 28-byte
expansion, for instance.  Kelley's current draft imposes a 32-byte or
40-byte expansion for aes128 or aes256.  We are considering adding a
variable 1-16 bytes to that expansion depending on input length.

So, what does this hypothetical specification have in mind?  Is it
making assumptions about the amount of expansion from gss_wrap based on
existing GSS mechanisms and enctypes?


From jhutz@cmu.edu  Tue Jul 16 08:31:11 2013
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From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
To: Greg Hudson <ghudson@mit.edu>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, jhutz@cmu.edu
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Tue, 2013-07-16 at 10:38 -0400, Greg Hudson wrote:

> While I'm here, Jeff asked a question which wasn't really answered:
> > What about non-legacy applications implementing standards-track
> > GSS-API-using protocols according to a specification that isn't written
> > with the SSPI in mind?  It's all well and good to say "call the API to
> > see what length you should use", but if the protocol says to send a
> > 1025-byte message, then I have to send a 1025-byte message, even if the
> > SSPI would rather I somehow only send a 1016-byte message.
> 
> I don't understand this question.  All RFC 3961 enctypes carry some
> plaintext expansion, which in turn affects the length of a CFX wrap
> token.  The existing (RFC 3962) AES enctypes have a fixed 28-byte
> expansion, for instance.  Kelley's current draft imposes a 32-byte or
> 40-byte expansion for aes128 or aes256.  We are considering adding a
> variable 1-16 bytes to that expansion depending on input length.
> 
> So, what does this hypothetical specification have in mind?  Is it
> making assumptions about the amount of expansion from gss_wrap based on
> existing GSS mechanisms and enctypes?

Huh?  No; GSS doesn't promise a particular amount of expansion.  My
understanding is that Microsoft says the only SSPI applications that are
negatively affected are those that don't call Microsoft's API to decide
how much data they should put in a wrap token.  But GSS tokens aren't a
stream; they're discrete, so the amount of data I put in a token has to
be based on what the protocol says I put in the token, not what some
particular implementation's non-standard API says about how much data I
ought to put into a token.

-- Jeff


From kaduk@mit.edu  Tue Jul 16 08:33:44 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Tue, 16 Jul 2013, Jeffrey Hutzelman wrote:

> On Tue, 2013-07-16 at 10:38 -0400, Greg Hudson wrote:
>
>> While I'm here, Jeff asked a question which wasn't really answered:
>>> What about non-legacy applications implementing standards-track
>>> GSS-API-using protocols according to a specification that isn't written
>>> with the SSPI in mind?  It's all well and good to say "call the API to
>>> see what length you should use", but if the protocol says to send a
>>> 1025-byte message, then I have to send a 1025-byte message, even if the
>>> SSPI would rather I somehow only send a 1016-byte message.
>>
>> I don't understand this question.  All RFC 3961 enctypes carry some
>> plaintext expansion, which in turn affects the length of a CFX wrap
>> token.  The existing (RFC 3962) AES enctypes have a fixed 28-byte
>> expansion, for instance.  Kelley's current draft imposes a 32-byte or
>> 40-byte expansion for aes128 or aes256.  We are considering adding a
>> variable 1-16 bytes to that expansion depending on input length.
>>
>> So, what does this hypothetical specification have in mind?  Is it
>> making assumptions about the amount of expansion from gss_wrap based on
>> existing GSS mechanisms and enctypes?
>
> Huh?  No; GSS doesn't promise a particular amount of expansion.  My
> understanding is that Microsoft says the only SSPI applications that are
> negatively affected are those that don't call Microsoft's API to decide
> how much data they should put in a wrap token.  But GSS tokens aren't a
> stream; they're discrete, so the amount of data I put in a token has to
> be based on what the protocol says I put in the token, not what some
> particular implementation's non-standard API says about how much data I
> ought to put into a token.

In this case, isn't it that particular implementation's non-standard API 
which is generating the actual GSS token?  If the implementation is 
broken, the implementation is broken, but I don't see how the 
application's behavior comes into play just based on the above.

-Ben

From nico@cryptonector.com  Tue Jul 16 09:55:18 2013
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References: <20130628173017.2197.22687.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <ldv1u77jnzi.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <CAK3OfOiqmJ=Nv36RD2PkTygshK31Jit3Fzr2jy4S1uXbZ8YjmA@mail.gmail.com> <7772_1373495078_r6AMObRr007482_ldvwqoygijs.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <1373497760.23365.223.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu> <99F1C096-A80D-42EF-8422-854EE7625073@padl.com> <F2E93EF5-8ED3-4889-92F4-69BFF75949C4@tycho.ncsc.mil> <51E55AFE.8020800@mit.edu> <1373988650.23943.4.camel@tuzanor.jhutz.local>
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2013 11:54:56 -0500
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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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If the issue is apps using an unsupported interface from SSPI then I
think we have our answer: it was important, once, to support them so
they could get off 1DES and RC4, but I think it's much less important
to get them off HMAC-SHA-1.  So I think we can just go with a CBC mode
cipher with random IV (and state chaining for RFC3961 apps).

Nico
--

From kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil  Tue Jul 16 09:56:37 2013
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From: Kelley Burgin <kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil>
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References: <20130628173017.2197.22687.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <ldv1u77jnzi.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <CAK3OfOiqmJ=Nv36RD2PkTygshK31Jit3Fzr2jy4S1uXbZ8YjmA@mail.gmail.com> <7772_1373495078_r6AMObRr007482_ldvwqoygijs.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <1373497760.23365.223.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu> <99F1C096-A80D-42EF-8422-854EE7625073@padl.com> <F2E93EF5-8ED3-4889-92F4-69BFF75949C4@tycho.ncsc.mil> <51E55AFE.8020800@mit.edu>
To: Greg Hudson <ghudson@MIT.EDU>
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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I've gone through the effort of re-writing the draft using CBC mode with =
padding (being hopeful of its return - I'll be on vacation for most of =
the next two weeks). I see however that it's past the submission =
deadline, so if anyone's interested in seeing the draft before the tool =
reopens, I'd be happy to send it to you (assuming this doesn't break any =
IETF rules).

Kelley

On Jul 16, 2013, at 10:38 AM, Greg Hudson <ghudson@MIT.EDU> wrote:

> On 07/12/2013 09:27 AM, Kelley Burgin wrote:
>> 1. Come up with a security proof that the current short plaintext =
algorithm is secure (so Nico isn't worried about baked-in crypto =
weaknesses), and continue with CTS
>> 2. Go back to CBC with padding (my original proposal a couple of =
years ago)
>> 3. Wait to see what SSPI (and other?) applications are negatively =
affected by plaintext padding, then choose 1. or 2.
>=20
> At the moment I favor #2.
>=20
> I know I was the one who relayed the SSPI-based objections to padded =
CBC
> in the past, so this may seem inconsistent.  At the time my reasoning
> was that we were already used to the pain of having CTS and we aren't
> going to get away from it any time soon, so even a vaguely-understood
> objection based on SSPI usage ought to be sufficient.  I did not
> consider that the use of explicit IVs instead of confounders would
> necessitate a complicated and novel construction to make CTS work for
> short plaintexts.
>=20
> Now that we have gone through that exercise, I think we would need a
> much clearer objection from the SSPI front to justify the use of CTS
> with the proposed enctype.
>=20
> While I'm here, Jeff asked a question which wasn't really answered:
>> What about non-legacy applications implementing standards-track
>> GSS-API-using protocols according to a specification that isn't =
written
>> with the SSPI in mind?  It's all well and good to say "call the API =
to
>> see what length you should use", but if the protocol says to send a
>> 1025-byte message, then I have to send a 1025-byte message, even if =
the
>> SSPI would rather I somehow only send a 1016-byte message.
>=20
> I don't understand this question.  All RFC 3961 enctypes carry some
> plaintext expansion, which in turn affects the length of a CFX wrap
> token.  The existing (RFC 3962) AES enctypes have a fixed 28-byte
> expansion, for instance.  Kelley's current draft imposes a 32-byte or
> 40-byte expansion for aes128 or aes256.  We are considering adding a
> variable 1-16 bytes to that expansion depending on input length.
>=20
> So, what does this hypothetical specification have in mind?  Is it
> making assumptions about the amount of expansion from gss_wrap based =
on
> existing GSS mechanisms and enctypes?
>=20


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From: Zhanna Tsitkov <tsitkova@MIT.EDU>
To: "kitten@ietf.org" <kitten@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: CAMMAC-05: Verifier-MAC  etc
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Subject: [kitten] CAMMAC-05: Verifier-MAC  etc
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Couple comments on CAMMAC rev5 draft.

1.  Verifier-MAC is defined as a sequence of an optional principal name and=
  required fields  kvno, enctype and a checksum.  It seems that in some cas=
es providing both kvno and enctype might be redundant and even unnecessary.=
  (For example, in some cases enctype can be deduced from kvno, while svc-v=
erifier may not need them at all.)  So, it might be a good idea to make eit=
her both these fields (kvno and enctype) "optional", or, at least, mark enc=
type as an  "optional" field.  =20

The following comments are mostly about text clarity:

2. In section 3 "Validation" the third paragraph starts with "The following=
 information is needed:" and then lists "The KDC  MAC" , "The Service MAC" =
etc.  This text is followed by the statement "The KDC MAC is required to al=
low KDC to validate =85"  The question that stays unanswered is what is  "T=
he KDC  MAC" , "The Service MAC"?  What mac they are of?=20

3. When giving details on AD-CAMMAC-BINDING (section 4.1) at the end of the=
 paragraph one mentions S4U2proxy scenario.  It might be a good idea to mov=
e this text closer to the Introduction or, even, have a separate "Use Cases=
" section for potential use of AD-CAMMAC.

4. . In "Security Consideration" section the text "protected by the existin=
g encryption methods on the ticket" implies that there are  multiple enc me=
thods on one ticket.  Something simple like  "encryption method on the tick=
et" or similar would do a job.

Thanks,
Zhanna=

From lukeh@padl.com  Tue Jul 16 17:13:43 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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> Huh?  No; GSS doesn't promise a particular amount of expansion.  My
> understanding is that Microsoft says the only SSPI applications that =
are
> negatively affected are those that don't call Microsoft's API to =
decide
> how much data they should put in a wrap token.  But GSS tokens aren't =
a
> stream; they're discrete, so the amount of data I put in a token has =
to
> be based on what the protocol says I put in the token, not what some
> particular implementation's non-standard API says about how much data =
I
> ought to put into a token.


I think we need more input from Microsoft to know exactly what the issue =
is, if anything. At this point in time I actually have no idea. :-)

One thing I will point out, though: SSPI doesn't have an equivalent to =
gss_wrap_size_limit(); instead one calls =
QueryContextAttributes(SECPKG_ATTR_SIZES) and provides a token buffer of =
cbMaxToken bytes and and a padding buffer of cbBlockSize. My =
understanding is that, for RFC 4121 encryption types, the padding buffer =
is not used and instead any padding is rotated into the token. But maybe =
Yizeng can correct me (it's hard to tell for AES CTS, because there's no =
padding anyway).

Anyway, the token/padding buffers may be smaller after calling =
EncryptMessage.

-- Luke=

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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On Tue, 16 Jul 2013, Kelley Burgin wrote:

> I've gone through the effort of re-writing the draft using CBC mode with 
> padding (being hopeful of its return - I'll be on vacation for most of 
> the next two weeks). I see however that it's past the submission 
> deadline, so if anyone's interested in seeing the draft before the tool 
> reopens, I'd be happy to send it to you (assuming this doesn't break any 
> IETF rules).

I think it should be fine to post a rendered copy somewhere on the 
internet and send a link to the list.  I, for one, would be interested in 
seeing it.

Thanks,

Ben

From zhuhongru@chinamobile.com  Tue Jul 16 18:54:31 2013
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From: "Judy Zhu" <zhuhongru@chinamobile.com>
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Subject: [kitten] draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt
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And also a very simple clarification here is: this group communications =
security is not limited to M2M, actually it can be used in any scenario =
which group case does exist.=20

Thanks=20
Judy

-----=E9=82=AE=E4=BB=B6=E5=8E=9F=E4=BB=B6-----
=E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: kitten-bounces@ietf.org =
[mailto:kitten-bounces@ietf.org] =E4=BB=A3=E8=A1=A8 =
=E9=BD=90=E6=97=BB=E9=B9=8F
=E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4: 2013=E5=B9=B47=E6=9C=8816=E6=97=A5 =
12:40
=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: kitten@ietf.org
=E4=B8=BB=E9=A2=98: [kitten] FW: New Version Notification for =
draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt

Dear all,
We have submitted a new draft about the group authentication and send it =
to saag list for discussion. We also want to find a more suitable =
subgroup to discuss it.=20
With advice from some experts, we want to forward it to this working =
group and try to attract yours' attention for this draft.
All comments and suggested improvements are welcome.

BRs,
Minpeng

-----=E9=82=AE=E4=BB=B6=E5=8E=9F=E4=BB=B6-----
=E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: =E9=BD=90=E6=97=BB=E9=B9=8F =
[mailto:qiminpeng@chinamobile.com]=20
=E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4: 2013=E5=B9=B46=E6=9C=8824=E6=97=A5 =
11:11
=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: 'saag@ietf.org'
=E4=B8=BB=E9=A2=98: FW: New Version Notification for =
draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt

Hi everyone,

The authors have submit a new draft for the group authentication. We =
will appreciate if you have a look and give us any comment or =
suggestion. The link is as below.

Here is a problem that for group communication there is only uni-cast =
authentication instead of group authentication method can be used. This =
draft wants to analyze the problem, to summarize group authentication =
requirement and to provide a framework of solutions.

This draft is to discuss a new kind of authentication so we think it =
would be better to discuss it also in security email list and try to =
find a suitable subgroup to discuss it.

BRs,
Minpeng

-----=E9=82=AE=E4=BB=B6=E5=8E=9F=E4=BB=B6-----
=E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: internet-drafts@ietf.org =
[mailto:internet-drafts@ietf.org]=20
=E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4: 2013=E5=B9=B46=E6=9C=8824=E6=97=A5 =
10:19
=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: Ye Tian; Minpeng Qi; Judy Zhu
=E4=B8=BB=E9=A2=98: New Version Notification for =
draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt


A new version of I-D, draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt
has been successfully submitted by Judy Zhu and posted to the
IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-zhu-core-groupauth
Revision:	 00
Title:		 Group Authentication
Creation date:	 2013-06-24
Group:		 Individual Submission
Number of pages: 10
URL:             =
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00.txt
Status:          =
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-zhu-core-groupauth
Htmlized:        http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zhu-core-groupauth-00


Abstract:
   The group communication is designed for the communication of Internet
   of Things. A threat is identified in [I-D.ietf-core-groupcomm] that
   current DTLS based approach is unicast oriented and there is no
   supporting on group authentication feature. Unicast oriented
   authentication will causing serious burden when a large number of
   terminal nodes will be involved inevitably. In another aspect, some
   terminals will own the same characteristics, such as owning same
   features, in the same place, working in the same time, etc. With this
   mechanism, all terminals can be authenticated together with little
   signaling and calculation at the same time. It will reduce the
   network burden and save time. This draft describes the security of
   group authentication and an group authentication implementation
   method for the Internet of things.

                                                                         =
        =20


The IETF Secretariat




_______________________________________________
Kitten mailing list
Kitten@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/kitten




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To: Kelley Burgin <kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil>
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From: Tom Yu <tlyu@MIT.EDU>
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2013 22:55:11 -0400
In-Reply-To: <A2FC1F90-2961-4A03-843D-36360AD01B12@tycho.ncsc.mil> (Kelley Burgin's message of "Tue, 16 Jul 2013 12:57:12 -0400")
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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Kelley Burgin <kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil> writes:

> I've gone through the effort of re-writing the draft using CBC mode
> with padding (being hopeful of its return - I'll be on vacation for
> most of the next two weeks). I see however that it's past the
> submission deadline, so if anyone's interested in seeing the draft
> before the tool reopens, I'd be happy to send it to you (assuming
> this doesn't break any IETF rules).

The I-D submission cutoff functionally allows the WG Chairs to set
reasonable expectations for what participants have read before the
in-person WG session.  (This is a topic that undergoes some
significant recurring debate in the IETF at large.)  I believe under
exceptional conditions, a WG Chair can work with an AD to allow
posting within the blackout window.  I also believe that may not be
required here, because most of the active participants with an
interest in this document already have a good idea of what the CBC
mode proposal will look like.

From hartmans@mit.edu  Wed Jul 17 04:29:51 2013
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From: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
To: Kelley Burgin <kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil>
References: <20130628173017.2197.22687.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> <ldv1u77jnzi.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <CAK3OfOiqmJ=Nv36RD2PkTygshK31Jit3Fzr2jy4S1uXbZ8YjmA@mail.gmail.com> <7772_1373495078_r6AMObRr007482_ldvwqoygijs.fsf@cathode-dark-space.mit.edu> <1373497760.23365.223.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu> <99F1C096-A80D-42EF-8422-854EE7625073@padl.com> <F2E93EF5-8ED3-4889-92F4-69BFF75949C4@tycho.ncsc.mil> <51E55AFE.8020800@mit.edu> <A2FC1F90-2961-4A03-843D-36360AD01B12@tycho.ncsc.mil>
Date: Wed, 17 Jul 2013 07:29:40 -0400
In-Reply-To: <A2FC1F90-2961-4A03-843D-36360AD01B12@tycho.ncsc.mil> (Kelley Burgin's message of "Tue, 16 Jul 2013 12:57:12 -0400")
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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>>>>> "Kelley" == Kelley Burgin <kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil> writes:

    Kelley> I've gone through the effort of re-writing the draft using
    Kelley> CBC mode with padding (being hopeful of its return - I'll be
    Kelley> on vacation for most of the next two weeks). I see however
    Kelley> that it's past the submission deadline, so if anyone's
    Kelley> interested in seeing the draft before the tool reopens, I'd
    Kelley> be happy to send it to you (assuming this doesn't break any
    Kelley> IETF rules).  Kelley


Hi.
It would be great to make the text available to people, but not in the
form of a WG draft.

We're at a point in the process where the presumption is that we will
not make a given change unless consensus is demonstrated to make the
change.

I think most of us can guess what CBC would look like but having text
available would still be great.
Distributing to people is fine, putting on a web page is fine.

The question before the WG is whether to adopt Tom's proposal to change
cipher modes as implemented in text by Kelley.
Just because editors of the draft are making the proposal does not give
it special standing.

We'll need to make a consensus call on this after discussion in the
meeting and confirm on the list.


An alternative would be to post this as an individual draft
draft-author-kitten-kerberos-aes256-alternate-cbc or some such.
I've asked Stephen if he would grat an exception if you want to go that
route.

From stephen.farrell@cs.tcd.ie  Wed Jul 17 06:54:47 2013
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Cc: kitten@ietf.org, Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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On 07/17/2013 12:29 PM, Sam Hartman wrote:
> I've asked Stephen if he would grat an exception if you want to go that
> route.

If the chairs figure that it'll help make for a better wg meeting
then I will.

Cheers,
S.

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 17 09:47:37 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] PKCROSS
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On Fri, Jul 12, 2013 at 10:34 PM, Henry B. Hotz <hotz@jpl.nasa.gov> wrote:
> On Jul 11, 2013, at 4:14 PM, Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com> wrote:
>
> So the short version would be that we use a kx509-issued cert as a stand-=
in for a cross-realm relationship.

Yes.  Well, the kx509-issued cert (or, really, any cert, but generally
it'd be a kx509-issued cert) and its cert validation path.

> I recall a bunch of jokes about that while writing the RFC.  However Doug=
 Engert actually proposed that use case for Globus.  It's arguably a minor =
extension of the existing SLCS policies.  The security considerations just =
say "here there be [policy] dragons". ;-)

There's only three dragons, one of which has always existed, and
another of which existed in theory but we had no way to exercise:

 - apps must validate transit paths (pre-existing dragon)
 - apps and TGSes must know how to handle X.500 naming in transit
paths (pre-existing but mostly unexercised dragon)
 - Leap-of-Faith / Trust on First Use / pseudonymous authentication
(which should fail safe because apps should validate transit paths)

Also, when using the new PKCROSS system, if the KDC can validate the
PK trust path and is happy with it, it can set the
TRANSIT-POLICY-CHECKED bit, so that you can have non-LoF/TOFU interop
out of the box.

> Since it's up to the kdc to decide how X.509 cert's are related to princi=
pals, I don't think you actually need anything except a convention (which y=
our assumptions imply) for when the client should try this approach.

The client should try this approach when:

 - it can find no non-PKCROSS trust path to the target realm

 - it's configured to do so

and/or

 - it wants privacy relative to its home realm (this could be a flag in an =
API)

> Strict need aside, I can see some value in being able to provide informat=
ion about how a foreign principal was validated.  Putting an X.509 name int=
o a transited field doesn't strike me as a bad way to do it, especially sin=
ce it gives you a legacy-compatible way for the KDC to flag policy issues. =
 Another less-compatible way to do it would be to just issue an X500 princi=
pal tgt directly.

We already have x.500 naming for transit paths, which should support
x.509 naming (but it's hard to tell as RFC4120 doesn't give a
reference for X.500 naming!  neither does RFC1510).

> Formal modeling of Kerberos says "here there be dragons" about cross-real=
m.  It would be nice if an explicit extension to support X.509 certs for cr=
oss-realm could be restricted in a way which allowed proof of the desired p=
roperties.

There's already dragons.  And I want the new LoF/TOFU dragon option.

Some dragons are cute/snuggly/wuggly.

>>> The reason *I* would combine kx509 with PKINIT would be the use case of=
 someone needing X.509 credentials on multiple client computers at once.  T=
his is a real use case for us.
>>
>> Presumably all from different realms?  Would that be the same as
>> described above?
>
> Nah.  Just a user can only have one PIV card, but they may need to use mo=
re than one computer at a time.  Using kx509-issued certs instead of the or=
iginals on the card gives you a way to cache your authentications.  It's al=
so faster to set up than waiting through multiple cycles on an RSA token.

Ahhh, credential delegation, effectively.

>> Oh, it's not PKIX I care about.  I just want something that scales
>> better than symmetrically keyed Kerberos cross-realm principals, and
>> with better security policies (e.g., sysadmins do not have to exchange
>> passwords from which the x-realm keys are derived; they might exchange
>> passwords to authenticate the key exchange, but the sysadmins should
>> not learn the keys as a result, or they might exchange certificate
>> fingerprints, =E2=80=A6).
>
> We're less concerned with the "insider threat" than most.

That's nice, for you :)  But you should care about it.  And we should
care about: a) making sysadmins' lives easier, b) removing the need
for them to know sensitive secret keys, c) scalability (see (a)), d)
removing the need for manual key rollover and outages during key
rollover.  We might agree that we don't need e) LoF/TOFU, but I think
ABFAB is proof that we need something like it, and also, for a very
large Internet I think LoF/TOFU makes some sense, and indeed we see
some of that in TLS server PKI specifications like key/CA pinning, and
in browser plugins like CertPatrol.

Anyone who's had to deal with a 1DES migration in a complex
multi-realm environment will appreciate (d).

> I agree public-key better models the trust relationship of 1-way cross re=
alm than symmetric key.  Also agree that configuring those relationships ha=
s a lot of practical issues.  If it's explicitly configured, then I don't t=
hink PKIX adds any value.  Just use asymmetric encryption instead of symmet=
ric.  (Maybe issue a symmetric tgt to make subsequent tgs requests more eff=
icient?)

I don't care if PK better models the trust relationship of a 1-way
cross-realm trust than symmetric keys :) though it does -- I don't
care because we already have addressed the impedance mismatch of
symmetric keying of asymmetric relations (via naming conventions).
What matters to me is the features listed above.

Nico
--

From shawn.emery@oracle.com  Wed Jul 17 15:23:24 2013
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I've uploaded a draft agenda for the session in Berlin:

     http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/87/agenda/agenda-87-kitten

Please let me know if there are any omissions/corrections before the 
final version is due on 7/22.

Shawn.
--
kitten co-chair

From nico@cryptonector.com  Wed Jul 17 15:43:22 2013
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On Wed, Jul 17, 2013 at 5:24 PM, Shawn M Emery <shawn.emery@oracle.com> wrote:
> Please let me know if there are any omissions/corrections before the final
> version is due on 7/22.

Roland had a really good suggestion for simplification of the async
API extensions.  I would submit an update for that it's a day past the
deadline.  If you want I can post a link anyways -- I'd rather the
update be reviewed if it will be reviewed at all in time for the WG
meeting, else that it be left for the next meeting (there's no
urgency).

Nico
--

From shawn.emery@oracle.com  Thu Jul 18 00:37:19 2013
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On 07/17/13 04:43 PM, Nico Williams wrote:
> On Wed, Jul 17, 2013 at 5:24 PM, Shawn M Emery <shawn.emery@oracle.com> wrote:
>> Please let me know if there are any omissions/corrections before the final
>> version is due on 7/22.
> Roland had a really good suggestion for simplification of the async
> API extensions.  I would submit an update for that it's a day past the
> deadline.  If you want I can post a link anyways -- I'd rather the
> update be reviewed if it will be reviewed at all in time for the WG
> meeting, else that it be left for the next meeting (there's no
> urgency).

Perhaps we should take this off the agenda for now.  We can continue the 
discussion on-list based on the new draft when submissions are allowed 
on 7/29.

Shawn.
--
kitten co-chair

From mayank@google.com  Thu Jul 18 22:34:36 2013
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--047d7bf0c86c8918e804e1d6ae00
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Hi Weijun,

You point out a legitimate problem, but I want to understand a couple of
assumptions:

   1. Why allow only initSecContext() and acceptSecContext() to have this
   new behavior? Imagine a mechanism built on top of TLS which is
   renegotiating the session intermixed with actual payload, and had some
   error it wanted to communicate to the peer (e.g., a TLS Alert). Is there
   any particular reason you'd like to avoid that scenario?

   2. I didn't quite follow the comment about the default method (maybe it
   shows that my Java is dated :). GSSException is not an interface but a
   concrete class, and adding a method to it adds it in the JRE starting at
   some particular version. What happens when applications that call the new
   method are run on an older JRE?

   3. Don't we also need to set this token when the mechanism creates a
   GSSException instance? Note that the concrete class has no setter methods
   of any kind at this time, but two constructors.

Thanks,
Mayank

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: <kitten-request@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, Jul 15, 2013 at 12:01 PM

Message: 4
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 11:58:47 +0800
From: Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com>
To: kitten@ietf.org, OpenJDK <security-dev@openjdk.java.net>
Subject: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way
        to return a token when context establishment fails
Message-ID: <51E37377.1030704@oracle.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed

Hi All

I am Weijun Wang from the Java SE Seurity Team at Oracle, and this mail
is about a design flaw in the initSecContext and acceptSecContext
methods of the GSSContext class defined in RFC 5653 7.4.3 [1] and 7.4.9 [2].

The GSSContext::initSecContext() method could either return a token
(possibly null if no more token is needed) when the call succeeds or
throw a GSSException if there is a failure, but not *both*. The same
applies to acceptSecContext().

On the other hand, the C bindings of GSS-API has a chance to return
both, and it does try to make use of both of them (according to RFC 2743
2.2.1 [3]):

    It is the caller's responsibility to establish a communications path
    to the target, and to transmit any returned output_token (independent
    of the accompanying returned major_status value) to the target over
    that path.

Without the ability to send a token when there is a failure, a Java
program has no chance to tell the other side what's happening. This is
very user-unfriendly. Also, in the case of SPNEGO, a "reject"
NegTokenResp token will never be able to sent out.

My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the
GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return
this last token. This means the method calls will be something like

         try {
             send(initSecContext(inToken));
         } catch (GSSException e) {
             if (e.getOutputToken() != null) {
                 send(e.getOutputToken());
             }
             throw e;
         }

The getOutputToken() method can only return a non-null value when it's
thrown by an initSecContext or acceptSecContext call. The method won't
throw another GSSException even if the exception was thrown in other calls.

We can use the new JDK 8 default method feature [1] to add this new
method to the existing GSSException interface.

Thanks
Weijun

[1] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.3[2]
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.9
[3] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-46
[4] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.5


------------------------------

Message: 5
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 13:33:41 -0400
From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
To: Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com>
Cc: kitten@ietf.org, OpenJDK <security-dev@openjdk.java.net>,
        jhutz@cmu.edu
Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a
        way to return a token when context establishment fails
Message-ID: <1373909621.23365.286.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"

On Mon, 2013-07-15 at 11:58 +0800, Weijun Wang wrote:

> My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the
> GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return
> this last token. This means the method calls will be something like

This seems like an elegant solution to the problem.

-- Jeff

--047d7bf0c86c8918e804e1d6ae00
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">Hi Weijun,<div><br></div><div>You point out a legitimate p=
roblem, but I want to understand a couple of assumptions:</div><div><ol><li=
>Why allow only initSecContext() and acceptSecContext() to have this new be=
havior? Imagine a mechanism built on top of TLS which is renegotiating the =
session intermixed with actual payload, and had some error it wanted to com=
municate to the peer (e.g., a TLS Alert). Is there any particular reason yo=
u&#39;d like to avoid that scenario?<br>

<br></li><li>I didn&#39;t quite follow the comment about the default method=
 (maybe it shows that my Java is dated :). GSSException is not an interface=
 but a concrete class, and adding a method to it adds it in the JRE startin=
g at some particular version.=A0What happens when applications that call th=
e new method are run on an older JRE?<br>

<br></li><li>Don&#39;t we also need to set this token when the mechanism cr=
eates a GSSException instance? Note that the concrete class has no setter m=
ethods of any kind at this time, but two constructors.</li></ol><div>Thanks=
,</div>

<div>Mayank</div><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">---------- Forwarded messag=
e ----------<br>From: <b class=3D"gmail_sendername"></b> <span dir=3D"ltr">=
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:kitten-request@ietf.org">kitten-request@ietf.org</a>&=
gt;</span><br>

Date: Mon, Jul 15, 2013 at 12:01 PM<br><br>
Message: 4<br>
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 11:58:47 +0800<br>
From: Weijun Wang &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:weijun.wang@oracle.com">weijun.wang=
@oracle.com</a>&gt;<br>
To: <a href=3D"mailto:kitten@ietf.org">kitten@ietf.org</a>, OpenJDK &lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:security-dev@openjdk.java.net">security-dev@openjdk.java.net=
</a>&gt;<br>
Subject: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 to return a token when context establishment fails<br>
Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:51E37377.1030704@oracle.com">51E37377.103=
0704@oracle.com</a>&gt;<br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3DISO-8859-1; format=3Dflowed<br>
<br>
Hi All<br>
<br>
I am Weijun Wang from the Java SE Seurity Team at Oracle, and this mail<br>
is about a design flaw in the initSecContext and acceptSecContext<br>
methods of the GSSContext class defined in RFC 5653 7.4.3 [1] and 7.4.9 [2]=
.<br>
<br>
The GSSContext::initSecContext() method could either return a token<br>
(possibly null if no more token is needed) when the call succeeds or<br>
throw a GSSException if there is a failure, but not *both*. The same<br>
applies to acceptSecContext().<br>
<br>
On the other hand, the C bindings of GSS-API has a chance to return<br>
both, and it does try to make use of both of them (according to RFC 2743<br=
>
2.2.1 [3]):<br>
<br>
=A0 =A0 It is the caller&#39;s responsibility to establish a communications=
 path<br>
=A0 =A0 to the target, and to transmit any returned output_token (independe=
nt<br>
=A0 =A0 of the accompanying returned major_status value) to the target over=
<br>
=A0 =A0 that path.<br>
<br>
Without the ability to send a token when there is a failure, a Java<br>
program has no chance to tell the other side what&#39;s happening. This is<=
br>
very user-unfriendly. Also, in the case of SPNEGO, a &quot;reject&quot;<br>
NegTokenResp token will never be able to sent out.<br>
<br>
My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the<br>
GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return<br=
>
this last token. This means the method calls will be something like<br>
<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0try {<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0send(initSecContext(inToken));<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0} catch (GSSException e) {<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0if (e.getOutputToken() !=3D null) {<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0send(e.getOutputToken());<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0}<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0throw e;<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0}<br>
<br>
The getOutputToken() method can only return a non-null value when it&#39;s<=
br>
thrown by an initSecContext or acceptSecContext call. The method won&#39;t<=
br>
throw another GSSException even if the exception was thrown in other calls.=
<br>
<br>
We can use the new JDK 8 default method feature [1] to add this new<br>
method to the existing GSSException interface.<br>
<br>
Thanks<br>
Weijun<br>
<br>
[1] <a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.3[2]" target=
=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.3[2]</a><br>
<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.9" target=3D"_bla=
nk">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.9</a><br>
[3] <a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-46" target=3D"_blank=
">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-46</a><br>
[4] <a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.5" target=3D"=
_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.5</a><br>
<br>
<br>
------------------------------<br>
<br>
Message: 5<br>
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 13:33:41 -0400<br>
From: Jeffrey Hutzelman &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:jhutz@cmu.edu">jhutz@cmu.edu<=
/a>&gt;<br>
To: Weijun Wang &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:weijun.wang@oracle.com">weijun.wang@o=
racle.com</a>&gt;<br>
Cc: <a href=3D"mailto:kitten@ietf.org">kitten@ietf.org</a>, OpenJDK &lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:security-dev@openjdk.java.net">security-dev@openjdk.java.net=
</a>&gt;,<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 <a href=3D"mailto:jhutz@cmu.edu">jhutz@cmu.edu</a><br>
Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a<br>
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 way to return a token when context establishment fails<br>
Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:1373909621.23365.286.camel@minbar.fac.cs.=
cmu.edu">1373909621.23365.286.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu</a>&gt;<br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3D&quot;UTF-8&quot;<br>
<br>
On Mon, 2013-07-15 at 11:58 +0800, Weijun Wang wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the<br>
&gt; GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to retu=
rn<br>
&gt; this last token. This means the method calls will be something like<br=
>
<br>
This seems like an elegant solution to the problem.<br>
<br>
-- Jeff<br>
<br>
<br></div></div></div>

--047d7bf0c86c8918e804e1d6ae00--

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Date: Thu, 18 Jul 2013 22:37:40 -0700
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way to return a token when context establishment fails
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--047d7bf0c86c69204e04e1d6bb5e
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

(My apologies for resending, but with the right subject this time.)

Hi Weijun,

You point out a legitimate problem, but I want to understand a couple of
assumptions:

   1. Why allow only initSecContext() and acceptSecContext() to have this
   new behavior? Imagine a mechanism built on top of TLS which is
   renegotiating the session intermixed with actual payload, and had some
   error it wanted to communicate to the peer (e.g., a TLS Alert). Is there
   any particular reason you'd like to avoid that scenario?

   2. I didn't quite follow the comment about the default method (maybe it
   shows that my Java is dated :). GSSException is not an interface but a
   concrete class, and adding a method to it adds it in the JRE starting at
   some particular version. What happens when applications that call the new
   method are run on an older JRE?

   3. Don't we also need to set this token when the mechanism creates a
   GSSException instance? Note that the concrete class has no setter methods
   of any kind at this time, but two constructors.

Thanks,
Mayank

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: <kitten-request@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, Jul 15, 2013 at 12:01 PM

Message: 4
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 11:58:47 +0800
From: Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com>
To: kitten@ietf.org, OpenJDK <security-dev@openjdk.java.net>
Subject: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way
        to return a token when context establishment fails
Message-ID: <51E37377.1030704@oracle.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed

Hi All

I am Weijun Wang from the Java SE Seurity Team at Oracle, and this mail
is about a design flaw in the initSecContext and acceptSecContext
methods of the GSSContext class defined in RFC 5653 7.4.3 [1] and 7.4.9 [2].

The GSSContext::initSecContext() method could either return a token
(possibly null if no more token is needed) when the call succeeds or
throw a GSSException if there is a failure, but not *both*. The same
applies to acceptSecContext().

On the other hand, the C bindings of GSS-API has a chance to return
both, and it does try to make use of both of them (according to RFC 2743
2.2.1 [3]):

    It is the caller's responsibility to establish a communications path
    to the target, and to transmit any returned output_token (independent
    of the accompanying returned major_status value) to the target over
    that path.

Without the ability to send a token when there is a failure, a Java
program has no chance to tell the other side what's happening. This is
very user-unfriendly. Also, in the case of SPNEGO, a "reject"
NegTokenResp token will never be able to sent out.

My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the
GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return
this last token. This means the method calls will be something like

         try {
             send(initSecContext(inToken));
         } catch (GSSException e) {
             if (e.getOutputToken() != null) {
                 send(e.getOutputToken());
             }
             throw e;
         }

The getOutputToken() method can only return a non-null value when it's
thrown by an initSecContext or acceptSecContext call. The method won't
throw another GSSException even if the exception was thrown in other calls.

We can use the new JDK 8 default method feature [1] to add this new
method to the existing GSSException interface.

Thanks
Weijun

[1] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.3[2]
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.9
[3] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-46
[4] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.5


------------------------------

Message: 5
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 13:33:41 -0400
From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
To: Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com>
Cc: kitten@ietf.org, OpenJDK <security-dev@openjdk.java.net>,
        jhutz@cmu.edu
Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a
        way to return a token when context establishment fails
Message-ID: <1373909621.23365.286.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"

On Mon, 2013-07-15 at 11:58 +0800, Weijun Wang wrote:

> My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the
> GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return
> this last token. This means the method calls will be something like

This seems like an elegant solution to the problem.

-- Jeff

--047d7bf0c86c69204e04e1d6bb5e
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><span style=3D"font-family:aria=
l,sans-serif;font-size:13px">(My apologies for resending, but with the righ=
t subject this time.)</span></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><span style=3D=
"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br>

</span></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><span style=3D"font-family:arial,sa=
ns-serif;font-size:13px">Hi Weijun,</span><div style=3D"font-family:arial,s=
ans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-se=
rif;font-size:13px">

You point out a legitimate problem, but I want to understand a couple of as=
sumptions:</div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">=
<ol><li style=3D"margin-left:15px">Why allow only initSecContext() and acce=
ptSecContext() to have this new behavior? Imagine a mechanism built on top =
of TLS which is renegotiating the session intermixed with actual payload, a=
nd had some error it wanted to communicate to the peer (e.g., a TLS Alert).=
 Is there any particular reason you&#39;d like to avoid that scenario?<br>

<br></li><li style=3D"margin-left:15px">I didn&#39;t quite follow the comme=
nt about the default method (maybe it shows that my Java is dated :). GSSEx=
ception is not an interface but a concrete class, and adding a method to it=
 adds it in the JRE starting at some particular version.=A0What happens whe=
n applications that call the new method are run on an older JRE?<br>

<br></li><li style=3D"margin-left:15px">Don&#39;t we also need to set this =
token when the mechanism creates a GSSException instance? Note that the con=
crete class has no setter methods of any kind at this time, but two constru=
ctors.</li>

</ol><div>Thanks,</div><div>Mayank</div><div><br></div><div class=3D""><div=
 class=3D"im"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">---------- Forwarded message -----=
-----<br>From:=A0<b class=3D"gmail_sendername"></b><span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a=
 href=3D"mailto:kitten-request@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">kitten-request@i=
etf.org</a>&gt;</span><br>

Date: Mon, Jul 15, 2013 at 12:01 PM<br><br>Message: 4<br>Date: Mon, 15 Jul =
2013 11:58:47 +0800<br>From: Weijun Wang &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:weijun.wang@=
oracle.com" target=3D"_blank">weijun.wang@oracle.com</a>&gt;<br>To:=A0<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:kitten@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">kitten@ietf.org</a>, OpenJD=
K &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:security-dev@openjdk.java.net" target=3D"_blank">se=
curity-dev@openjdk.java.net</a>&gt;<br>

Subject: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way<br>=
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 to return a token when context establishment fails<br>Messa=
ge-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:51E37377.1030704@oracle.com" target=3D"_blank"=
>51E37377.1030704@oracle.com</a>&gt;<br>

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3DISO-8859-1; format=3Dflowed<br><br>Hi A=
ll<br><br>I am Weijun Wang from the Java SE Seurity Team at Oracle, and thi=
s mail<br>is about a design flaw in the initSecContext and acceptSecContext=
<br>

methods of the GSSContext class defined in RFC 5653 7.4.3 [1] and 7.4.9 [2]=
.<br><br>The GSSContext::initSecContext() method could either return a toke=
n<br>(possibly null if no more token is needed) when the call succeeds or<b=
r>

throw a GSSException if there is a failure, but not *both*. The same<br>app=
lies to acceptSecContext().<br><br>On the other hand, the C bindings of GSS=
-API has a chance to return<br>both, and it does try to make use of both of=
 them (according to RFC 2743<br>

2.2.1 [3]):<br><br>=A0 =A0 It is the caller&#39;s responsibility to establi=
sh a communications path<br>=A0 =A0 to the target, and to transmit any retu=
rned output_token (independent<br>=A0 =A0 of the accompanying returned majo=
r_status value) to the target over<br>

=A0 =A0 that path.<br><br>Without the ability to send a token when there is=
 a failure, a Java<br>program has no chance to tell the other side what&#39=
;s happening. This is<br>very user-unfriendly. Also, in the case of SPNEGO,=
 a &quot;reject&quot;<br>

NegTokenResp token will never be able to sent out.<br><br>My current propos=
al is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the<br>GSSException class (wh=
ich will be thrown when an error occurs) to return<br>this last token. This=
 means the method calls will be something like<br>

<br>=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0try {<br>=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0send(initSecCont=
ext(inToken));<br>=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0} catch (GSSException e) {<br>=A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0if (e.getOutputToken() !=3D null) {<br>=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0send(e.getOutputToken());<br>=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
}<br>

=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0throw e;<br>=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0}<br><br>The getO=
utputToken() method can only return a non-null value when it&#39;s<br>throw=
n by an initSecContext or acceptSecContext call. The method won&#39;t<br>th=
row another GSSException even if the exception was thrown in other calls.<b=
r>

<br>We can use the new JDK 8 default method feature [1] to add this new<br>=
method to the existing GSSException interface.<br><br>Thanks<br>Weijun<br><=
br>[1]=A0<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.3[2]" ta=
rget=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.3[2]</a><br>

<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.9" target=3D"_bla=
nk">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.9</a><br>[3]=A0<a href=
=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-46" target=3D"_blank">http://to=
ols.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-46</a><br>

[4]=A0<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.5" target=
=3D"_blank">http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.5</a><br><br><br=
>------------------------------<br><br>Message: 5<br>Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013=
 13:33:41 -0400<br>

From: Jeffrey Hutzelman &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:jhutz@cmu.edu" target=3D"_bla=
nk">jhutz@cmu.edu</a>&gt;<br>To: Weijun Wang &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:weijun.w=
ang@oracle.com" target=3D"_blank">weijun.wang@oracle.com</a>&gt;<br>Cc:=A0<=
a href=3D"mailto:kitten@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">kitten@ietf.org</a>, Op=
enJDK &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:security-dev@openjdk.java.net" target=3D"_blank=
">security-dev@openjdk.java.net</a>&gt;,<br>

=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=A0<a href=3D"mailto:jhutz@cmu.edu" target=3D"_blank">jhutz@=
cmu.edu</a><br>Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API:=
 Provide a<br>=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 way to return a token when context establishm=
ent fails<br>Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:1373909621.23365.286.camel@m=
inbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu" target=3D"_blank">1373909621.23365.286.camel@minbar.f=
ac.cs.cmu.edu</a>&gt;<br>

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3D&quot;UTF-8&quot;<br><br>On Mon, 2013-0=
7-15 at 11:58 +0800, Weijun Wang wrote:<br><br>&gt; My current proposal is =
to add a new method getOutputToken() to the<br>&gt; GSSException class (whi=
ch will be thrown when an error occurs) to return<br>

&gt; this last token. This means the method calls will be something like<br=
><br>This seems like an elegant solution to the problem.<br><br>-- Jeff</di=
v></div></div></div></div></div>

--047d7bf0c86c69204e04e1d6bb5e--

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From: Nico Williams <nico@cryptonector.com>
To: Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way to return a token when context establishment fails
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On Sun, Jul 14, 2013 at 10:58 PM, Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com> wrote:
> Without the ability to send a token when there is a failure, a Java program
> has no chance to tell the other side what's happening. This is very
> user-unfriendly. Also, in the case of SPNEGO, a "reject" NegTokenResp token
> will never be able to sent out.

I agree.

> My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the
> GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return
> this last token. This means the method calls will be something like
>
>         try {
>             send(initSecContext(inToken));
>         } catch (GSSException e) {
>             if (e.getOutputToken() != null) {
>                 send(e.getOutputToken());
>             }
>             throw e;
>         }
>
> The getOutputToken() method can only return a non-null value when it's
> thrown by an initSecContext or acceptSecContext call. The method won't throw
> another GSSException even if the exception was thrown in other calls.

I support this.

> We can use the new JDK 8 default method feature [1] to add this new method
> to the existing GSSException interface.

Excellent,

Nico
--

From weijun.wang@oracle.com  Thu Jul 18 23:48:42 2013
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Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way to return a token when context establishment fails
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Hi Mayank

On 7/19/2013 1:37 PM, Mayank Upadhyay wrote:
> (My apologies for resending, but with the right subject this time.)
>
> Hi Weijun,
>
> You point out a legitimate problem, but I want to understand a couple of
> assumptions:
>
>  1. Why allow only initSecContext() and acceptSecContext() to have this
>     new behavior? Imagine a mechanism built on top of TLS which is
>     renegotiating the session intermixed with actual payload, and had
>     some error it wanted to communicate to the peer (e.g., a TLS Alert).
>     Is there any particular reason you'd like to avoid that scenario?

No, there isn't. I just haven't expected any usage outside these 2 
methods. In the final spec, I think I would write something like "If the 
underlying mechanism defines any error token to be sent to the peer, ....".

>
>  2. I didn't quite follow the comment about the default method (maybe it
>     shows that my Java is dated :). GSSException is not an interface but
>     a concrete class, and adding a method to it adds it in the JRE
>     starting at some particular version. What happens when applications
>     that call the new method are run on an older JRE?

Oh, I was wrong. I thought everything in JGSS is an interface. We can 
just add the method there.

If someone call the new method on an older JRE, a NoSuchMethodException 
is thrown. I had thought about creating a new ExtendedGSSException, but 
I really don't want to create ExtendedExtendedGSSException one day.

>
>  3. Don't we also need to set this token when the mechanism creates a
>     GSSException instance? Note that the concrete class has no setter
>     methods of any kind at this time, but two constructors.

New constructors will be provided.

Thanks
Weijun

>
> Thanks,
> Mayank
>
> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> From: **<kitten-request@ietf.org <mailto:kitten-request@ietf.org>>
> Date: Mon, Jul 15, 2013 at 12:01 PM
>
> Message: 4
> Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 11:58:47 +0800
> From: Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com <mailto:weijun.wang@oracle.com>>
> To: kitten@ietf.org <mailto:kitten@ietf.org>, OpenJDK
> <security-dev@openjdk.java.net <mailto:security-dev@openjdk.java.net>>
> Subject: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a way
>          to return a token when context establishment fails
> Message-ID: <51E37377.1030704@oracle.com
> <mailto:51E37377.1030704@oracle.com>>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
>
> Hi All
>
> I am Weijun Wang from the Java SE Seurity Team at Oracle, and this mail
> is about a design flaw in the initSecContext and acceptSecContext
> methods of the GSSContext class defined in RFC 5653 7.4.3 [1] and 7.4.9 [2].
>
> The GSSContext::initSecContext() method could either return a token
> (possibly null if no more token is needed) when the call succeeds or
> throw a GSSException if there is a failure, but not *both*. The same
> applies to acceptSecContext().
>
> On the other hand, the C bindings of GSS-API has a chance to return
> both, and it does try to make use of both of them (according to RFC 2743
> 2.2.1 [3]):
>
>      It is the caller's responsibility to establish a communications path
>      to the target, and to transmit any returned output_token (independent
>      of the accompanying returned major_status value) to the target over
>      that path.
>
> Without the ability to send a token when there is a failure, a Java
> program has no chance to tell the other side what's happening. This is
> very user-unfriendly. Also, in the case of SPNEGO, a "reject"
> NegTokenResp token will never be able to sent out.
>
> My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the
> GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return
> this last token. This means the method calls will be something like
>
>           try {
>               send(initSecContext(inToken));
>           } catch (GSSException e) {
>               if (e.getOutputToken() != null) {
>                   send(e.getOutputToken());
>               }
>               throw e;
>           }
>
> The getOutputToken() method can only return a non-null value when it's
> thrown by an initSecContext or acceptSecContext call. The method won't
> throw another GSSException even if the exception was thrown in other calls.
>
> We can use the new JDK 8 default method feature [1] to add this new
> method to the existing GSSException interface.
>
> Thanks
> Weijun
>
> [1] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.3[2]
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.9
> [3] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2743#page-46
> [4] http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5653#section-7.4.5
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 5
> Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 13:33:41 -0400
> From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu <mailto:jhutz@cmu.edu>>
> To: Weijun Wang <weijun.wang@oracle.com <mailto:weijun.wang@oracle.com>>
> Cc: kitten@ietf.org <mailto:kitten@ietf.org>, OpenJDK
> <security-dev@openjdk.java.net <mailto:security-dev@openjdk.java.net>>,
> jhutz@cmu.edu <mailto:jhutz@cmu.edu>
> Subject: Re: [kitten] Suggested update to RFC 5653 JGSS-API: Provide a
>          way to return a token when context establishment fails
> Message-ID: <1373909621.23365.286.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu
> <mailto:1373909621.23365.286.camel@minbar.fac.cs.cmu.edu>>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
>
> On Mon, 2013-07-15 at 11:58 +0800, Weijun Wang wrote:
>
>  > My current proposal is to add a new method getOutputToken() to the
>  > GSSException class (which will be thrown when an error occurs) to return
>  > this last token. This means the method calls will be something like
>
> This seems like an elegant solution to the problem.
>
> -- Jeff

From kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil  Fri Jul 19 08:23:55 2013
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To: Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu>
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Subject: Re: [kitten] considering abandoning CTS mode (Re: I-D Action: draft-ietf-kitten-aes-cts-hmac-sha2-01.txt)
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I've put the draft at =
http://www.cs.jhu.edu/~kburgin1/draft-burgin-kitten-aes-cbc-padding-hmac-s=
ha2-00.txt

Kelley

On Jul 17, 2013, at 7:29 AM, Sam Hartman <hartmans-ietf@mit.edu> wrote:

>>>>>> "Kelley" =3D=3D Kelley Burgin <kwburgi@tycho.ncsc.mil> writes:
>=20
>    Kelley> I've gone through the effort of re-writing the draft using
>    Kelley> CBC mode with padding (being hopeful of its return - I'll =
be
>    Kelley> on vacation for most of the next two weeks). I see however
>    Kelley> that it's past the submission deadline, so if anyone's
>    Kelley> interested in seeing the draft before the tool reopens, I'd
>    Kelley> be happy to send it to you (assuming this doesn't break any
>    Kelley> IETF rules).  Kelley
>=20
>=20
> Hi.
> It would be great to make the text available to people, but not in the
> form of a WG draft.
>=20
> We're at a point in the process where the presumption is that we will
> not make a given change unless consensus is demonstrated to make the
> change.
>=20
> I think most of us can guess what CBC would look like but having text
> available would still be great.
> Distributing to people is fine, putting on a web page is fine.
>=20
> The question before the WG is whether to adopt Tom's proposal to =
change
> cipher modes as implemented in text by Kelley.
> Just because editors of the draft are making the proposal does not =
give
> it special standing.
>=20
> We'll need to make a consensus call on this after discussion in the
> meeting and confirm on the list.
>=20
>=20
> An alternative would be to post this as an individual draft
> draft-author-kitten-kerberos-aes256-alternate-cbc or some such.
> I've asked Stephen if he would grat an exception if you want to go =
that
> route.


From simo@redhat.com  Tue Jul 23 10:35:09 2013
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From: Simo Sorce <simo@redhat.com>
To: Zhanna Tsitkov <tsitkova@MIT.EDU>
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Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2013 13:34:59 -0400
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Subject: Re: [kitten] CAMMAC-05: Verifier-MAC  etc
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On Tue, 2013-07-16 at 20:30 +0000, Zhanna Tsitkov wrote:
> Couple comments on CAMMAC rev5 draft.
> 
> 1.  Verifier-MAC is defined as a sequence of an optional principal
> name and  required fields  kvno, enctype and a checksum.  It seems
> that in some cases providing both kvno and enctype might be redundant
> and even unnecessary.  (For example, in some cases enctype can be
> deduced from kvno, while svc-verifier may not need them at all.)  So,
> it might be a good idea to make either both these fields (kvno and
> enctype) "optional", or, at least, mark enctype as an  "optional"
> field.   

I was going to object having them optional but after some out of band
discussion I think it is fine to make enctype and kvno optional.

> The following comments are mostly about text clarity:
> 
> 2. In section 3 "Validation" the third paragraph starts with "The
> following information is needed:" and then lists "The KDC  MAC" , "The
> Service MAC" etc.  This text is followed by the statement "The KDC MAC
> is required to allow KDC to validate â€¦"  The question that stays
> unanswered is what is  "The KDC  MAC" , "The Service MAC"?  What mac
> they are of? 
> 
> 3. When giving details on AD-CAMMAC-BINDING (section 4.1) at the end
> of the paragraph one mentions S4U2proxy scenario.  It might be a good
> idea to move this text closer to the Introduction or, even, have a
> separate "Use Cases" section for potential use of AD-CAMMAC.
> 
> 4. . In "Security Consideration" section the text "protected by the
> existing encryption methods on the ticket" implies that there are
> multiple enc methods on one ticket.  Something simple like
> "encryption method on the ticket" or similar would do a job.

Thanks, these suggestions to clarify the text are welcome.

Simo.

-- 
Simo Sorce * Red Hat, Inc * New York

