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Subject: [lemonade] draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt
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We'd like to solicit feedback from the SMTP community on=20
our recent IETF draft titled "Receiver-Driven Extensions to SMTP".

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt

The abstract of the draft is attached below.

As we are new to the IETF process, we welcome any suggestions=20
pointing out potential improvements as well as deficiencies in the draft.

The following DiffMail project website and our related paper in SRUTI'05=20
might also be of interest.

http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~duan/projects/diffmail/diffmail.htm

Thanks,
Zhenhai Duan, Kartik Gopalan, Yingfei Dong

Abstract:

The Differentiated Mail Transfer Protocol (DMTP) provides simple=20
extensions to the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) that=20
enable receivers to exercise greater control over the email delivery=20
process. The current SMTP-based email delivery architecture is=20
fundamentally sender-driven and distinctly lacks receiver control over
the message delivery mechanism. This document describes DMTP=20
that enables receivers to classify senders into three categories -- allowed=
,=20

denied, and unclassified -- and process the delivery of messages=20
from each category independently. As is the current practice, receivers=20
may directly accept messages from senders in the allowed
category and decline senders in the denied category. In addition,=20
DMTP receivers require senders in the unclassified category to=20
store messages on the senders' own mail servers. Such messages=20
are retrieved only if and when the end receivers wish to do so.=20
By granting greater control over message delivery to receivers and
imposing greater message storage and maintenance overhead on=20
senders, DMTP provides significant advantages in controlling spam.=20
DMTP also easily operates in conjunction with (but does not require)=20
many currently deployed anti-spam techniques.

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<br>
We'd like to solicit feedback from the SMTP community on <br>
our recent IETF draft titled &quot;Receiver-Driven Extensions to SMTP&quot;=
.<br>
<br>
<a href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-duan-smtp-receiver-dri=
ven-00.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-duan-smtp-receiver-dr=
iven-00.txt</a><br>
<br>
The abstract of the draft is attached below.<br>
<br>
As we are new to the IETF process, we welcome any suggestions <br>
pointing out potential improvements as well as deficiencies in the draft.<b=
r>
<br>
The following DiffMail project website and our related paper in SRUTI'05 <b=
r>
might also be of interest.<br>
<br>
<a href=3D"http://www.cs.fsu.edu/~duan/projects/diffmail/diffmail.htm">http=
://www.cs.fsu.edu/~duan/projects/diffmail/diffmail.htm</a><br>
<br>
Thanks,<br>
Zhenhai Duan, Kartik Gopalan, Yingfei Dong<br>
<br>
<span style=3D"text-decoration: underline;">Abstract:</span><br>
<br>
The Differentiated Mail Transfer Protocol (DMTP) provides simple <br>
extensions to the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) that <br>
enable receivers to exercise greater control over the email delivery <br>
process. The current SMTP-based email delivery architecture is <br>
fundamentally sender-driven and distinctly lacks receiver control over<br>
the message delivery mechanism. This document describes DMTP <br>
that enables receivers to classify senders into three categories -- allowed=
, <br>
denied, and unclassified -- and process the delivery of messages <br>
from each category independently. As is the current practice, receivers <br=
>
may directly accept messages from senders in the allowed<br>
category and decline senders in the denied category. In addition, <br>
DMTP receivers require senders in the unclassified category to <br>
store messages on the senders' own mail servers. Such messages <br>
are retrieved only if and when the end receivers wish to do so. <br>
By granting greater control over message delivery to receivers and<br>
imposing greater message storage and maintenance overhead on <br>
senders, DMTP provides significant advantages in controlling spam. <br>
DMTP also easily operates in conjunction with (but does not require) <br>
many currently deployed anti-spam techniques.<br>
<br>

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Subject: [lemonade] Re: [Asrg] draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt
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Given the initial crosspost, I'm doing the same (though they may be 
rejected) and suggesting all follow-up go to one list, only.  I suggest 
asrg.

FEEDBACK:
Yes, this is ~= IM2000, but with an improvement: it's potentially 
sometimes backward-compatible with SMTP.
Generally, this draft (which I'll refer to as DMTP or DiffMail) has 
features (the draft lists 3 advantages*) that, IMO, are better provided 
by other systems.
Addressing them in reverse order:
3)This is better provided by greylisting+.  That forces the sender to 
maintain something like a real mail queue.
2)Standard use of DNSRBLs (and sometimes RHSBLs with CSV or SPF) reduces 
bandwidth and storage costs more effectively and is compatible with all 
senders and most receivers today, with no code changes, and generally 
require just trivial configuration changes.
1)Again, greylisting allows a receiver a window of opportunity to allow 
the sender to get on a BL (or the message to enter a razor2 type DB) 
before receiving the message.  It is true, however, that DMTP does 
provide a potentially larger window, and does so without indroducing a 
significant delay.  The question is, is this worth the cost of requiring 
senders and receivers support new commands and a new reply code?

Confused by acronyms? See
<http://wiki.fastmail.fm/wiki/index.php/ClientSmtpValidation#.23Acronyms.2FGlossary>
for elucidation.

+See <http://greylisting.org>

*Purported Advantages:
   "1. By asking senders (non-regular contacts) to maintain messages on 
their mail servers, spammers are forced to keep their servers up. They 
cannot simply send a large number of spam messages, shut down their 
servers, and switch to another domain (and/or change IP addresses). In 
this way, DiffMail helps to improve the effectiveness of 
IP-address-based filtering schemes.
   2. Since a (complete) message is only retrieved by a receiver at his 
will, less bandwidth and storage resource will be consumed at the 
receiver side if the user does not retrieve the majority of messages 
from non-regular contacts.
   3. Spammers now have more responsibilities to maintain their outgoing 
messages[.]"


On 5/5/05 3:51 PM, Kartik Gopalan sent forth electrons to convey:
<snipped>

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Subject: [lemonade] Re: draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt
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John,=20

Thanks for your note. In DMTP, we use coarser MTA classifiers at the
level of their IP address or domain names -- not the fine-grained
email-address classifiers (as you seem to mention below). Using the
latter would indeed have the problems you describe -- but DMTP I-D
does not use email-address classifiers. Its possible to do that, but
only with the kind of strong sender authentication you mention, which
is the reason we steered away from them in the first place.

- Kartik

On 5/10/05, John C Klensin <john+smtp@jck.com> wrote:
>=20
>=20
> --On Tuesday, 10 May, 2005 00:52 -0400 Kartik Gopalan
> <kartik.gopalan@gmail.com> wrote:
>=20
> >...
> > DMTP gives solution to the scenario that none of the currently
> > used anti-spam technologies can satisfactorily handle without
> > receiving the entire message. DMTP intent messages are used
> > ONLY for unclassified senders that are neither in receivers
> > MTA's whitelists nor blacklists.  It is only unclassified
> > senders who are treated using the receiver-pull model. And
> > even to this category you can apply the same
> > sender-discouragement schemes that are currently being applied
> > -- such as greylisting, any other challenge-response schemes,
> > etc.
> >...
>=20
> Kartik,
>=20
> I want to reinforce, from a different perspective, one of Tony's
> points.
>=20
> Ultimately, to let a message through, you are depending on a
> whitelist that is, in turn, based on sender addresses.  Your
> greylist technique, effective or not, is ultimately just a
> technique for determining which addresses get onto the
> whitelist. That causes you to inherit all of the issues with
> whitelists based on sender addresses, especially the fact that,
> in the absence of strong authentication, sender addresses are
> easily faked.  If, as a receiver, I've got sufficient
> infrastructure --probably, but perhaps not necessarily, PKI
> machinery-- in place to authenticate sender addresses, then I
> probably don't need your technique.  If I don't, then all the
> spammer needs to do is to send messages to me that are "from"
> people whom I know and with whom I have corresponded in the
> past.
>=20
> Not only is that not hard, but they are doing it today.
>=20
> That brings me to the serious downside of this, and many other,
> "maybe it would help at least a little bit" ideas.    Assume,
> for purposes of argument, that the details of your proposal,
> such as not understanding how to use the SMTP extension model,
> can be sorted out.   Assume you can get it widely enough
> deployed in sending and receiving SMTP servers to make it useful
> without putting huge burdens on legitimate, known, users trying
> to exchange mail with each other (for better or worse, this is a
> very high barrier).     Now, what we end up with is:
>=20
> (1) Another list of really-good addresses that can presumably be
> easily harvested by an address-harvesting virus.   Note that
> your technique is of almost zero use against a spam generator
> who relies on compromising a machine and using the sender name
> to spam the people in the and address books or using the names
> in the address book to spam the machine's owner from other
> machines at a later date.  In either case, names intentionally
> put in the address book or whitelist are presumably already
> whitelisted.
>=20
> (2) Another cycle in which: (i) A technique reduces the amount
> of spam that is received slightly. (ii) The spammers respond by
> increasing the amount of spam sent by, say, twice that amount,
> resulting in a slight increase in the amount of spam received.
> (iii) The spammers then devise a countermeasure.  In this case,
> the countermeasure is quite easy: address-pair lists are
> apparently already in heavy use by some spammer-enabling tools.
> Net result is an increase in the total amount of spam being
> delivered by around twice the amount that your method presumably
> stopped.
>=20
> Those "arms race" cycles are not good for anyone concerned.
>=20
>      john
>=20
>

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Subject: [lemonade] Re: Re: draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt
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> > You missed one more piece of information in the notification: a
> > limited subject header summarizing the contents.
>=20
> A wonderful place to put a spam message and URL.

It says "limited subject header" above which can include restrictions
on placing URLs.
(I had mentioned this already earlier.)

> > 1) Your regular contacts will typically be in the allowed class. If
> > you see a notification from your regular contact that is in the
> > unclassified folder, it is easy to tell it is a faked message and you
> > need not spend time on it.
>=20
> This statement is not generally true. For example, the IP addresses of th=
e
> sending site's MTAs may have changed, or the sender may be roaming.

Its the sender that's is roaming, not the sending MTA -- I don't see
any problem. And if the sending MTA changes its IP address, the
currently used  IP-based blacklists and whitelists go for a toss
anyway. So its not a new problem here.

> > messages, they need to be in sync about state of outgoing message queue
> > (for example, shared file systems).
>=20
> Gee, that's a good idea. Imagine a shared filesystem supporting the whole
> email infrastructure for millions of customers!

Again, it said "for example" above. Its an engineering decision that
would be different for different situations that designers make every
day depending on the scale of the system. The point is to design the
MTA to fit the email architecture, not to design the email
architecture to fit the current MTA design. Else you are simply
putting the cart before the horse.

- Kartik

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Subject: [lemonade] Re: draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt
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David hagel writes:
> its almost impossible to spoof tcp sessions now. spoofer needs to 
> correctly guess the randomly generated sequence/ack numbers.

Have a look at http://www.completewhois.com/hijacked/ for an 
alternative, simpler approach.

(And please don't spell your name like that. It makes you look like a 
419 spammer.)

Arnt

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This draft is worthless.

The fundamental idea that it shares with IM2000 is based on a mis-targeted
optimisation. The main cost of spam is the human time it wastes, whereas
disk space on the recipient servers is very cheap. In fact DMTP makes
dealing with poorly-classified email MORE time-consuming than it is
already, because a recipient must deal with a content-free notification
(containing only a forged sender address and a message ID) as well as the
actual message.

If you enhance notification messages so that they are sufficiently
informative for a recipient to be able to decide whether to retrieve the
bulk message, then spammers will just put the entirety of their payload in
the notification message. This has already occurred with certain kinds of
mobile phone spam.

When in doubt about the spamminess of a message it is better to receive
the whole thing. This allows the full gamut of classification technology
can be applied to it, so that there is a greater chance of it being
classified before it wastes the time of a person.

IM2000 and DMTP are also based on an incorrect assumption, that spam
messages actually cost space on the senders disks. Most spam software is
stateless, and it can continue to be in IM2000 or DMTP: the spammer just
encodes enough information in the message ID in order to be able to
reconstruct the message when it is requested.

As well as being based on a fundamentally useless idea, the details of the
specification are incompetent.

It fails to use the SMTP extension model correctly. A client indicates
that it wishes to use an extension by using a command from the extenstion
or a MAIL or RCPT parameter, NOT by appending a keyword to its EHLO
command. It shows a misunderstanding of the difference between the SMTP
envelope and the message header. It has inexplicable colons in its command
names, in contradiction to SMTP's requirement that commands are
alphabetic.

It makes assumptions about IP routeing which compromise the usability of
DMTP with highly scaled MTA clusters, which often involve NAT and/or
multi-homed servers.

The attempt at cryptography in section 3.4 is laughable.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
BISCAY: WEST 5 OR 6 BECOMING VARIABLE 3 OR 4. SHOWERS AT FIRST. MODERATE OR
GOOD.

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Before replying to your comments specifically, we'd like to stress
again that, unlike  IM2000, DMTP classifies sender MTAs into three
categories: allowed, denied, and unclassified. The receiver pull model
is only used for messages from the unclassified category. Just as
usual, whitelisted senders can send mail using normal SMTP and
blacklisted ones are summarily declined, with no additional overhead.

> The fundamental idea that it shares with IM2000 is based on a mis-targete=
d
> optimisation. The main cost of spam is the human time it wastes, whereas
> disk space on the recipient servers is very cheap.

DMTP holds the unclassified senders responsible for *managing* their
own outgoing messages. Storage  is just one component of this
management. DMTP strongly discourages the current
"fire-forget-and-disappear" behaviour of  spammers who now need to
wait (potentially indefinitely) for receivers to retrieve their
messages. This goal can hardly be called a mis-targeted optimization.
Now spammers would face the dilemma: They should online longer if they
want more people to read, on the other hand, the longer they stay
online, the more likely that they will be black listed.

> In fact DMTP makes
> dealing with poorly-classified email MORE time-consuming than it is
> already, because a recipient must deal with a content-free notification
> (containing only a forged sender address and a message ID) as well as the
> actual message.

DMTP gives solution to the scenario that none of the currently  used
anti-spam technologies can satisfactorily handle without receiving the
entire message. DMTP intent messages are used ONLY for unclassified
senders that are neither in receivers MTA's whitelists nor blacklists.
 It is only unclassified senders who are treated using the
receiver-pull model. And even to this category you can apply the same
sender-discouragement schemes that are currently being applied -- such
as greylisting, any other challenge-response schemes, etc.

> If you enhance notification messages so that they are sufficiently
> informative for a recipient to be able to decide whether to retrieve the
> bulk message, then spammers will just put the entirety of their payload i=
n
> the notification message. This has already occurred with certain kinds of
> mobile phone spam.

First, this is inevitable in *ANY* form of communication where you
wish to allow untrusted parties to communicate with you (or to express
their intent to communicate). It is just like when your phone rings
and you can't recognize the caller ID, you either ignore it or pick it
up anyway. If its a wrong number, prank call, or a telemarketer, you
simply hang up. So the problem is not specific to DMTP.

Secondly, DMTP requires a configurable upper limit on the notification
size. It is effective to the extent that it limits the content of SPAM
delivered (just as phone caller ID helps in making an initial
decision). If one wishes, one could place additional restrictions like
not permitting HTML tags in the notification to make spammer's life
more difficult.

> When in doubt about the spamminess of a message it is better to receive
> the whole thing. This allows the full gamut of classification technology
> can be applied to it, so that there is a greater chance of it being
> classified before it wastes the time of a person.

One can still apply the whole gamut of classification technologies on
any complete emails in DMTP. Handling intent messages for a small
unclassified category of senders will not be too much of trouble. This
can even be implemented as transparently as retrieving the complete
message when *and only when* the receiver issues the open command on
the intent message at his/her MUA (again simply like deciding whether
to press talk/ignore upon receiving a caller-ID on the phone).
=20
> IM2000 and DMTP are also based on an incorrect assumption, that spam
> messages actually cost space on the senders disks. Most spam software is
> stateless, and it can continue to be in IM2000 or DMTP: the spammer just
> encodes enough information in the message ID in order to be able to
> reconstruct the message when it is requested.

As mentioned earlier, the primary goal is to discourage the
"fire-forget-and-disappear" behaviour that the current sender-push
model of SMTP encourages. Storage overhead is only one small part of
the picture. The bigger advantage is that spammer MTA needs to be up
and running for potentially indefinite duration if it wants the
receiver to read the entire message. In any event, storage becomes one
less problem for the receiver to deal with even if the spammer does
the kind of encoding you mention above.

> It fails to use the SMTP extension model correctly. A client indicates
> that it wishes to use an extension by using a command from the extenstion
> or a MAIL or RCPT parameter, NOT by appending a keyword to its EHLO
> command. It shows a misunderstanding of the difference between the SMTP
> envelope and the message header. It has inexplicable colons in its comman=
d
> names, in contradiction to SMTP's requirement that commands are
> alphabetic.

The above is more a issue of syntax than of content and can be easily
addressed. We have noticed this issue already and are fixing it in our
next draft. As mentioned in the initial post,  being new to IETF
process we appreciate such feedback.
=20
> It makes assumptions about IP routeing which compromise the usability of
> DMTP with highly scaled MTA clusters, which often involve NAT and/or
> multi-homed servers.

There is no assumption about IP routing anywhere in the draft. It is
true if you mean making MTA clusters DMTP-compliant would require
changes depending on nature of the cluster. However these are fairly
simple and straightforward changes. Also note that DMTP-compliant MTAs
can interoperate with non-DMTP-compliant legacy MTAs, whether latter
is a scalable cluster or standalone MTA. If the latter is whitelisted
with the former, the transaction is same as regular SMTP. If the
latter is unclassified, it is subject to sender-discouragement
mechanisms at the same cost as today.

> The attempt at cryptography in section 3.4 is laughable.

There is no attempt at PKI whatsoever, if that is what you mean. The
terminology may be similar and can be easily clarified. If you read
that section carefully, the sole purpose of the related paragraph is
to make the mapping between a message id and a message itself less
guessable, and to speedup the lookup of the message when the message
id is presented. Moreover, as stated in the section, this is just one
of possible design choices. Different schemes can be deployed by
different MTAs, as long as it achieves the above purpose, given that
this is really a local matter at the sending MTAs.

- Kartik

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On Tue, 10 May 2005, Kartik Gopalan wrote:
>
> DMTP classifies sender MTAs into three categories: allowed, denied, and
> unclassified.

So do SMTP servers.

> The receiver pull model is only used for messages from the unclassified
> category.

And this is the category of messages where it is least useful. You are
forcing people to guess whether they want to receive a message before you
have expended any automated effort to classify it.

> > When in doubt about the spamminess of a message it is better to receive
> > the whole thing. This allows the full gamut of classification technology
> > can be applied to it, so that there is a greater chance of it being
> > classified before it wastes the time of a person.
>
> One can still apply the whole gamut of classification technologies on
> any complete emails in DMTP.

But only after you have wasted someone's time.

You have not addressed the user interface issues of DMTP. How is a user
supposed to decide whether to receive a message given only the sender
address and message ID? You suggest that message IDs should be
cryptographically generated, and therefore meaningless to people, and you
do not address the problem of forged sender addresses. Therefore DMTP's
notification messages are useless to the recipient.

> > It makes assumptions about IP routeing which compromise the usability of
> > DMTP with highly scaled MTA clusters, which often involve NAT and/or
> > multi-homed servers.
>
> There is no assumption about IP routing anywhere in the draft.

You are assuming that each server's idea of its own IP address is the same
as the other TCP endpoint's idea of it. You are assuming that incoming and
outgoing connections to an MTA are symmetrical.

> > The attempt at cryptography in section 3.4 is laughable.
>
> There is no attempt at PKI whatsoever, if that is what you mean.

No, I mean that you are using a cryptographic hash incompetently.

Tony.
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--On Tuesday, 10 May, 2005 00:52 -0400 Kartik Gopalan
<kartik.gopalan@gmail.com> wrote:

>...
> DMTP gives solution to the scenario that none of the currently
> used anti-spam technologies can satisfactorily handle without
> receiving the entire message. DMTP intent messages are used
> ONLY for unclassified senders that are neither in receivers
> MTA's whitelists nor blacklists.  It is only unclassified
> senders who are treated using the receiver-pull model. And
> even to this category you can apply the same
> sender-discouragement schemes that are currently being applied
> -- such as greylisting, any other challenge-response schemes,
> etc.
>...

Kartik,

I want to reinforce, from a different perspective, one of Tony's
points.

Ultimately, to let a message through, you are depending on a
whitelist that is, in turn, based on sender addresses.  Your
greylist technique, effective or not, is ultimately just a
technique for determining which addresses get onto the
whitelist. That causes you to inherit all of the issues with
whitelists based on sender addresses, especially the fact that,
in the absence of strong authentication, sender addresses are
easily faked.  If, as a receiver, I've got sufficient
infrastructure --probably, but perhaps not necessarily, PKI
machinery-- in place to authenticate sender addresses, then I
probably don't need your technique.  If I don't, then all the
spammer needs to do is to send messages to me that are "from"
people whom I know and with whom I have corresponded in the
past.    

Not only is that not hard, but they are doing it today.

That brings me to the serious downside of this, and many other,
"maybe it would help at least a little bit" ideas.    Assume,
for purposes of argument, that the details of your proposal,
such as not understanding how to use the SMTP extension model,
can be sorted out.   Assume you can get it widely enough
deployed in sending and receiving SMTP servers to make it useful
without putting huge burdens on legitimate, known, users trying
to exchange mail with each other (for better or worse, this is a
very high barrier).     Now, what we end up with is:

(1) Another list of really-good addresses that can presumably be
easily harvested by an address-harvesting virus.   Note that
your technique is of almost zero use against a spam generator
who relies on compromising a machine and using the sender name
to spam the people in the and address books or using the names
in the address book to spam the machine's owner from other
machines at a later date.  In either case, names intentionally
put in the address book or whitelist are presumably already
whitelisted.

(2) Another cycle in which: (i) A technique reduces the amount
of spam that is received slightly. (ii) The spammers respond by
increasing the amount of spam sent by, say, twice that amount,
resulting in a slight increase in the amount of spam received.
(iii) The spammers then devise a countermeasure.  In this case,
the countermeasure is quite easy: address-pair lists are
apparently already in heavy use by some spammer-enabling tools.
Net result is an increase in the total amount of spam being
delivered by around twice the amount that your method presumably
stopped.  

Those "arms race" cycles are not good for anyone concerned.

     john



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--On Tuesday, 10 May, 2005 12:35 -0700 Kartik Gopalan
<kartik.gopalan@gmail.com> wrote:

> Thanks for your note. In DMTP, we use coarser MTA classifiers
> at the level of their IP address or domain names -- not the
> fine-grained email-address classifiers (as you seem to mention
> below). Using the latter would indeed have the problems you
> describe -- but DMTP I-D does not use email-address
> classifiers. Its possible to do that, but only with the kind
> of strong sender authentication you mention, which is the
> reason we steered away from them in the first place.

Unless you abandon mail relaying, and perhaps even if you do,
domain names and IP addresses are as easily spoofed as full
email addresses.  The spammers figured both out many years ago.

     john



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Tony,

Thank you for the helpful discussions. Let me try to clarify some of
the intuition behind the schemes in the I-D.

>> DMTP classifies sender MTAs into three categories: allowed, denied, and
>> unclassified.
>
> So do SMTP servers.

Our comparison above was to IM2000. Indeed the current SMTP servers
know how to handle senders that are denied (blacklisted), or allowed
(whitelisted). A message that falls in neither class is currently
subject to the content filters to decide if it is a spam message or
not. To put it another way, the current SMTP does not have an explicit
concept of unclassified senders. The one we are aware of that supports
the similar concept is Greylisting, which defines unclassified sources
as new triplets that are not in the whitelist and blacklist yet.
However, as other people on this list have pointed out already,
spammers haven't yet adapted to this scheme because it hasn't impacted
their bottomline. This would happen once greylisting becomes
widespread.

>> The receiver pull model is only used for messages from the unclassified
>> category.
>
> And this is the category of messages where it is least useful. You are
> forcing people to guess whether they want to receive a message before you
> have expended any automated effort to classify it.
>

This really is related to what kind of classification we are talking
about. As one example, the receiver can configure his/her MTA such
that most regular contacts are in the allowed class. As a consequence,
after a brief learning time period, most important messages fall in
the allowed category (that do not need the notification process) and
the receiver pays only infrequent attention to the notifications in
the unclassfied folder. Note that this definition of classification is
different and orthogonal from classifying a message based on its
content. Occasionally, an important message may lie unread for a long
time -- its not desirable but it is not a new problem. It happens even
now with automated content-based classifiers you mention above. You
get false positives all the time even now -- they are either tagged as
[SPAM] to be stored away in a junk folder or (worse yet) deleted
without receiver's knowledge. With DMTP, at least receiver gets to
periodically review the notifications from these unclassified senders
(if receivers so choose to).

> You have not addressed the user interface issues of DMTP. How is a user
> supposed to decide whether to receive a message given only the sender
> address and message ID? You suggest that message IDs should be
> cryptographically generated, and therefore meaningless to people, and you
> do not address the problem of forged sender addresses. Therefore DMTP's
> notification messages are useless to the recipient.

You missed one more piece of information in the notification: a
limited subject header summarizing the contents.  You may say that
"well subject can be misleading and sender address can be forged to
make it appear like a regular contact". Its possible and happens with
viruses all the time. But this technique is useless to spammers
because it doesn't help them to send the tremendous volume of
commercial traffic that makes spamming so attractive. Just imagine the
amount of state and association they need to maintain per spammed
receiver to make heavy volume mailing successful with this technique.

Also,
1) Your regular contacts will typically be in the allowed class. If
you see a notification from your regular contact that is in the
unclassified folder, it is easy to tell it is a faked message and you
need not spend time on it.

2) For the other legitimate senders that are not in your allowed
class, how often you hear from them? and how likely is it that a
spammer knows that this is not only your legitimate contact but ALSO
is not in your regular contact class?

> You are assuming that each server's idea of its own IP address is the same
> as the other TCP endpoint's idea of it. You are assuming that incoming and
> outgoing connections to an MTA are symmetrical.

This is a good point and Kartik's email addressed your question to
some extent by mentioning that some MTA modifications are inevitable
to make them DMTP-compliant. As it is in the current draft, the sender
MTA IP address is used for the RMTA to retrieve the complete message.
We made this choice because of security concerns and also for the
simplicity of the RMTA. It is possible that instead of relying on RMTA
to record the SMTA IP address, we can do a DNS MX lookup of sender
email address to get the MTA IP address at the sender side. However,
this indeed means that if sender side uses different MTA servers for
incoming and outgoing messages, they need to be in sync about state of
outgoing message queue (for example, shared file systems). In the long
run, its a tradeoff worth making.

>> There is no attempt at PKI whatsoever, if that is what you mean.
>
> No, I mean that you are using a cryptographic hash incompetently.
>

We do not quite see you mentioning a specific concern here. As long as
the sender-side hash serves the purpose, it does not matter how
simple/complicated it is. For example, when you subscribe to a mailing
list, you normally receive a message asking you to confirm the intent
to subscribe. How complicated do you think the method to generate the
random text on the Subject line is?

Thank you,
  -Zhenhai

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Subject: [lemonade] Re: Re: draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt
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> You missed one more piece of information in the notification: a
> limited subject header summarizing the contents.

A wonderful place to put a spam message and URL.

> 1) Your regular contacts will typically be in the allowed class. If
> you see a notification from your regular contact that is in the
> unclassified folder, it is easy to tell it is a faked message and you
> need not spend time on it.

This statement is not generally true. For example, the IP addresses of the
sending site's MTAs may have changed, or the sender may be roaming.

> 2) For the other legitimate senders that are not in your allowed
> class, how often you hear from them?

These kinds of messages are frequently extremely valuable.

> It is possible that instead of relying on RMTA to record the SMTA IP
> address, we can do a DNS MX lookup of sender email address to get the
> MTA IP address at the sender side. However, this indeed means that if
> sender side uses different MTA servers for incoming and outgoing
> messages, they need to be in sync about state of outgoing message queue
> (for example, shared file systems).

Gee, that's a good idea. Imagine a shared filesystem supporting the whole
email infrastructure for millions of customers!

Tony.
-- 
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On 5/10/05, John C Klensin <john+smtp@jck.com> wrote:
>
> Unless you abandon mail relaying, and perhaps even if you do,
> domain names and IP addresses are as easily spoofed as full
> email addresses.  The spammers figured both out many years ago.
>

you're mistaken. udp spoofing is easy BUT smtp uses tcp.
its almost impossible to spoof tcp sessions now.
spoofer needs to correctly guess the randomly generated sequence/ack
numbers. even if you magically do this, you gotta control ALL
intermediate routers or else smtp server's responses will be misdirected.
meaning you cannot create a normal tcp session.
it's a common misconception that "ip spoofing"
can be used to hide your ip address while surfing the net,
chatting on-line, sending e-mail, and so forth.
this is not true unless you're on the same subnet as victim
where you can sniff their tcp seq. #'s.
if whay you say is true, all DNSBLs would stop working dude.

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From: John C Klensin <john@jck.com>
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--On Wednesday, 11 May, 2005 10:43 -0700 David hagel
<david.hagel@gmail.com> wrote:

> 
> On 5/10/05, John C Klensin <john+smtp@jck.com> wrote:
>> 
>> Unless you abandon mail relaying, and perhaps even if you do,
>> domain names and IP addresses are as easily spoofed as full
>> email addresses.  The spammers figured both out many years
>> ago.
>> 
> 
> you're mistaken. udp spoofing is easy BUT smtp uses tcp.
> its almost impossible to spoof tcp sessions now.
> spoofer needs to correctly guess the randomly generated
> sequence/ack numbers. even if you magically do this, you gotta
> control ALL intermediate routers or else smtp server's
> responses will be misdirected. meaning you cannot create a
> normal tcp session.
> it's a common misconception that "ip spoofing"
> can be used to hide your ip address while surfing the net,
> chatting on-line, sending e-mail, and so forth.
> this is not true unless you're on the same subnet as victim
> where you can sniff their tcp seq. #'s.
> if whay you say is true, all DNSBLs would stop working dude.

(The reply below was previously sent privately because Mr Hagel
and/or his MUA seem to be unable to send an individual message
that reflects the mailing lists to which it was copied.)

David,

I am, "dude" or not, somewhat familiar with how SMTP works.
There are rumors that I actually also understand something about
TCP and about the DNS, but those rumors are less well
established.

However, the comment I made is not dependent on TCP, merely on
the ability of a spammer who is operating an SMTP-sender to fake
the Received headers in a message prior to those representing
the SMTP-receiver over which you have presumed control and/or
trust.  There are various tricks for detecting such spoofing.
Some of them can be quite effective against spammers who are
either dumb or too lazy to be careful and intelligent about
construction of those trace fields... both of which disabilities
tend to disappear if their incentives were strong enough.

That situation is precisely why I started my comment with
"unless you abandon mail relaying".  If you insist on direct
connections between the initial sender (or an MTA that will take
responsibility for the sender and which you trust to do so) and
the receiver/ delivery SMTP server, then you are quite right and
the spoofing issue depends on control of intermediate routers
(and/or much more sophisticated tricks).  But, as long as
intermediate SMTP relays (not routers, but at the SMTP level)
continue to be permitted, TCP is just not the issue because
there is no end to end connection.

The workings of most blacklists have nothing to do with this
because they depend on either most-recent-hop or on assumptions
about [dis]trusted SMTP servers at intermediate points rather
than, as this does, properties of the initiating sender system.
And, of course, if they worked better, you presumably would not
need the draft in question.

       john







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> That situation is precisely why I started my comment with
> "unless you abandon mail relaying".  If you insist on direct
> connections between the initial sender (or an MTA that will take
> responsibility for the sender and which you trust to do so) and
> the receiver/ delivery SMTP server, then you are quite right and
> the spoofing issue depends on control of intermediate routers
> (and/or much more sophisticated tricks).  But, as long as
> intermediate SMTP relays (not routers, but at the SMTP level)
> continue to be permitted, TCP is just not the issue because
> there is no end to end connection.
>=20
> The workings of most blacklists have nothing to do with this
> because they depend on either most-recent-hop or on assumptions
> about [dis]trusted SMTP servers at intermediate points rather
> than, as this does, properties of the initiating sender system.

ah, then ip spoofing is not quite the same as hiding behind=20
someone else's mail relays. i admit missing the connection=20
you made there. but open mail relays are hated and justifiably blacklisted=
=20
aggresively (i am sure you know).  its the right thing to do. ain't it?
no harm blocking someone who lets their mail server to be=20
used by spammers.

david

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Tony,

>
>> It is possible that instead of relying on RMTA to record the SMTA IP
>> address, we can do a DNS MX lookup of sender email address to get the
>> MTA IP address at the sender side. However, this indeed means that if
>> sender side uses different MTA servers for incoming and outgoing
>> messages, they need to be in sync about state of outgoing message queue
>> (for example, shared file systems).
>
> Gee, that's a good idea. Imagine a shared filesystem supporting the whole
> email infrastructure for millions of customers!
>

I think there is some misunderstanding. Note that this is for supporting 
MTA clusters. Shared file systems/NFS/Replications are used in today's MTA 
clusters.

-Zhenhai
> Tony.
> -- 
> f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
> BISCAY: WEST 5 OR 6 BECOMING VARIABLE 3 OR 4. SHOWERS AT FIRST. MODERATE OR
> GOOD.
>

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From: Zhenhai Duan <duan@cs.fsu.edu>
To: John C Klensin <john@jck.com>
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Subject: [lemonade] Re: draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt
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John,

>
> That situation is precisely why I started my comment with
> "unless you abandon mail relaying".  If you insist on direct
> connections between the initial sender (or an MTA that will take
> responsibility for the sender and which you trust to do so) and
> the receiver/ delivery SMTP server, then you are quite right and
> the spoofing issue depends on control of intermediate routers
> (and/or much more sophisticated tricks).  But, as long as
> intermediate SMTP relays (not routers, but at the SMTP level)
> continue to be permitted, TCP is just not the issue because
> there is no end to end connection.

This (open relay) is one part that puzzled me from time to time. Correct 
me if I am wrong. In the early days, the Internet is not stable and we may 
have difficults sometime to deliver a message from the source MTA directly 
to the destination MTA. Under this kind of circumstance, I may appreciate 
open relays. However, as the Internet is getting so (reasonably) reliable. 
I think some assumption should be changed. I do not know how often we 
still encounter network problems when we (sender) try to deliver a message 
to a receiver. I assume it is rare. And even if this happens, I do not see 
it is a big problem for the original SMTA to hold the message and retry 
later.

In a nutshell, I believe all open relays should be disabled or otherwise 
blocked.

(I do not want to go into a fight:-), so I make it clear that we are 
talking about open relay, not MTA clusters, not the cases where a company 
have multiple MTAs, and one (or more) are used for external-internal 
interface, while others are used internals and depending on the interface 
MTA to do the relay. It can be seen that these situations can be addressed 
adequately.)

-Zhenhai
>
> The workings of most blacklists have nothing to do with this
> because they depend on either most-recent-hop or on assumptions
> about [dis]trusted SMTP servers at intermediate points rather
> than, as this does, properties of the initiating sender system.
> And, of course, if they worked better, you presumably would not
> need the draft in question.
>
>       john
>
>
>
>
>
>

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Subject: [lemonade] Re: draft-duan-smtp-receiver-driven-00.txt
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On 5/11/05, Arnt Gulbrandsen <arnt@gulbrandsen.priv.no> wrote:
> David hagel writes:
> > its almost impossible to spoof tcp sessions now. spoofer needs to
> > correctly guess the randomly generated sequence/ack numbers.
>=20
> Have a look at http://www.completewhois.com/hijacked/ for an
> alternative, simpler approach.

granted one can steal whole ip blocks.=20
its still ok blacklisting those ip blocks if its in the hands of
spammers. right?

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From lemonade-bounces@ietf.org Mon May 16 06:11:21 2005
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Date: Mon, 16 May 2005 11:10:55 +0100
From: Antony Bowesman <adb@teamware.com>
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Subject: [lemonade] delta times in FUTUREDELIVERY and time zones
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A couple of commnets

1) The specification takes no account of time zone differences between 
client and server.  As a result, with differing time zones, none of the 
use cases given in the introduction can be guaranteed and using future 
delivery as a personal reminder service is, at best, unreliable.

RFC2852 gives some justification for its use of delta times against 
server side locale specific time to calculate the delivery by time 
although this justification seems weak.

The future delivery abstract states

a. "... client indication of future delivery time"
b. "...an appointed time in the future"
c. "...delivery at an appointed time "

The client decides a based on its own TZ, the MSA decides b based on its 
TZ and c indicates a "DELIVERY AT" specification which conflicts with 
the effective "DELAY FOR" definition.

While everything is OK if both client and MSA are in the same TZ, it all 
gets messy if not.  MSAs are particularly useful for mobile submission 
to corporate mail systems and by its very nature, this use case 
introduces more chance of TZ mismatch.

Although there are implications for a client implementation, would it be 
better to require the delta time be relative to current UTC for both 
client and server.  That would allow the server to honour the request as 
given by the client rather than introducing a potentially random 
mismatch between the two.  An MSA can be injecting messages to any 
number of servers in different time zones.

An alternative would be to make this a "DELIVERY AT" extension and use 
date-time specification for delivery time with MAIL FROM... AT date-time.

Otherwise, there should be a discussion of TZ factors and how mismatches 
can occur.

2. Section 4.2.1

<quote>
1) When an MSA generates a DSN...
</quote>

Should be "If...".  There's no guarantee the MSA is making final 
delivery.  Same for 2)

Regards
Antony


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From lemonade-bounces@ietf.org Mon May 16 10:46:51 2005
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From: "Vaudreuil, Greg M (Greg)" <gregv@lucent.com>
To: Antony Bowesman <adb@teamware.com>, lemonade@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [lemonade] delta times in FUTUREDELIVERY and time zones
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The delta time was choosen exactly to address the time-zone issues.  There is no machinery for indicating timezones between senders, receivers, and potential recipients.  Delta time works because ten minutes from now is ten minutes from now everywhere.  The client indicates it wants a message released to the network in ten minutes, the server releases it to the network in ten minutes.

Now, if you want the message sent at 10:00AN local time, and it is 8:00AM local time now, the client should compute that the message should be sent in two hours... So, if it is 11AM local time where the server is, the server will release the message at 1:00 PM, the right thing happens.
 
Any fancier "release at 10:00 in his timezone" calculations have to be done at the client with local knowledge of what timezone the recipient is in.  This feature is not intended to solve that problem.  There is no way for the submission MTA to know the timezone of an arbirary recipient.  This extension does not place obligations on a final-delivery MTA which may have that knowledge to implement the feature.  (Various denial-of-service attacks are possible if the future-delivery storage is outside the senders administative domain)

Greg V.


-----Original Message-----
From: Antony Bowesman [mailto:adb@teamware.com]
Sent: Monday, May 16, 2005 6:11 AM
To: lemonade@ietf.org
Subject: [lemonade] delta times in FUTUREDELIVERY and time zones


A couple of commnets

1) The specification takes no account of time zone differences between 
client and server.  As a result, with differing time zones, none of the 
use cases given in the introduction can be guaranteed and using future 
delivery as a personal reminder service is, at best, unreliable.

RFC2852 gives some justification for its use of delta times against 
server side locale specific time to calculate the delivery by time 
although this justification seems weak.

The future delivery abstract states

a. "... client indication of future delivery time"
b. "...an appointed time in the future"
c. "...delivery at an appointed time "

The client decides a based on its own TZ, the MSA decides b based on its 
TZ and c indicates a "DELIVERY AT" specification which conflicts with 
the effective "DELAY FOR" definition.

While everything is OK if both client and MSA are in the same TZ, it all 
gets messy if not.  MSAs are particularly useful for mobile submission 
to corporate mail systems and by its very nature, this use case 
introduces more chance of TZ mismatch.

Although there are implications for a client implementation, would it be 
better to require the delta time be relative to current UTC for both 
client and server.  That would allow the server to honour the request as 
given by the client rather than introducing a potentially random 
mismatch between the two.  An MSA can be injecting messages to any 
number of servers in different time zones.

An alternative would be to make this a "DELIVERY AT" extension and use 
date-time specification for delivery time with MAIL FROM... AT date-time.

Otherwise, there should be a discussion of TZ factors and how mismatches 
can occur.

2. Section 4.2.1

<quote>
1) When an MSA generates a DSN...
</quote>

Should be "If...".  There's no guarantee the MSA is making final 
delivery.  Same for 2)

Regards
Antony


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The IESG has approved the following document:

- 'Message Submission for Mail '
   <draft-gellens-submit-bis-02.txt> as a Draft Standard

This document has been reviewed in the IETF but is not the product of an
IETF Working Group. 

The IESG contact person is Ted Hardie.

Technical Summary
 
This document describes a message submission service which is distinct from
message relay; this allows each service to operate according to its own
rules.  It specifies what actions are to be taken by a submission server.
When conformant to this document, message submission uses the protocol
specified here, normally over port 587.
Message relay is unaffected, and continues to use SMTP over port 25.


Working Group Summary
 
This update is the product of individual submitters.  The implementation
reports submitted indicate that this service has been widely implemented and
should advance along the standards track.

Protocol Quality
 
This document was reviewed for the IESG by Ted Hardie

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From lemonade-bounces@ietf.org Thu May 26 15:46:43 2005
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Subject: [lemonade] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-lemonade-mms-mapping-04.txt
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Enhancements to Internet email to support diverse service environments Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Mapping Between the Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and Internet Mail
	Author(s)	: R. Gellens
	Filename	: draft-ietf-lemonade-mms-mapping-04.txt
	Pages		: 32
	Date		: 2005-5-26
	
The cellular telephone industry has defined a service known as the
    Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS).  This service uses formats and
    protocols which are similar to, but differ in key ways from, those
    used in Internet mail.

    This document specifies how to exchange messages between these two
    services, including mapping information elements as used in MMS
    X-Mms-* headers as well as delivery and disposition reports, to and
    from that used in ESMTP and Internet message headers.

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Subject: [lemonade] Protocol Action: 'Mapping Between the Multimedia
 Messaging Service (MMS) and Internet Mail' to Proposed Standard 
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The IESG has approved the following document:

- 'Mapping Between the Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and Internet Mail '
   <draft-ietf-lemonade-mms-mapping-04.txt> as a Proposed Standard

This document is the product of the Enhancements to Internet email to support 
diverse service environments Working Group. 

The IESG contact persons are Ted Hardie and Scott Hollenbeck.

Technical Summary
 
The cellular telephone industry has defined a service known as the
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS).  This service uses formats and
protocols which are similar to, but differ in key ways from those
used in Internet mail. This document specifies how to exchange messages between
these two services, including mapping information elements as used in MMS
X-Mms-* headers as well as delivery and disposition reports, to and
from that used in ESMTP and Internet message headers.
 
Working Group Summary

The LEMONADE working group  came to consensus on the publication of this
document.  No issues were raised during IETF Last Call.  This work was
coordinated with 3GPP and 3GPP2 by the author and working group chairs. 

Protocol Quality
 
This work was reviewed for the IESG by Eric Burger and Glenn Parsons.


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