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Hi All,

We had a teleconference last week as a kick-off. We'll be holding a 
follow-on call this week, on Wednesday 3 October 16:00 UTC.

Time: 9:00-10:00 Pacific Daylight Time
USA Dial-In #:+1.888.371.8922
International Dial-In #:+1.617.224.4792
Participant Passcode: 58371972

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 03 14:07:41 2007
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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 11:09:50 -0700
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Subject: [Ltru] Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
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Hi -

There was a teleconference to discuss remaining open issues in
the ltru drafts this morning.  I volunteered to serve as scribe.
I hope I got it right.  If I didn't, I'm sure someone will
correct me.  In any case, let's see if we can finish this discussion
by working through the tradeoffs and agreeing on something, since
it's pretty clear at this point that neither approach is perfect.

The primary topic of discussion was the question of what to do
about macrolanguages and extlangs.  The two major alternatives
both had implications for matching.

There was general agreement that remove-from-right matching is not
a panacea.  There was less agreement about whether a macrolanguage-
extlang construct is ever helpful, or actually counterproductive,
in its interactions with matching.

One consequence of the "flat" approach (not including encapsulating
subtags in a language tag encoding) is that more intelligent matching
would require additional information from the registry, which would
increase the risk that someone might build applications that would
read the registry, presenting a possible DoS with respect to IANA.

There was some disagreement about what is meant by a macrolanguage
subtag by itself.  Two examples: does zh mean the same thing as zh-cmn,
and does ar mean the same thing as ar-arb?  A *rough* consensus
of those participating in the teleconference (this must not be
understood as a determination of WG consensus) was that they mean
different things.  In this view, "zh" means "undifferentiated Chinese"
(much of which happens to be "zh-cmn"), and "ar" means "undifferentiated
Arabic".  A minority perspective was that because so much content
tagged with "zh" is "zh-cmn", they should be understood as effectively
synonymous.

In fleshing out the details of the alternative approaches, we need to
consider the potential for synonyms, and what guidance we provide to
taggers in the cases where synonyms could arise, as well as the extent
that we might want to distinguish between "true" and "effective" ones.

There was a side discussion about the possibility of additional
macrolanguages being registered, and about the possibility of the
registration of additional exncapsulated languages.  None of the
likely scenarios appeared to create any serious problems for either
proposal.

Yet another consideration discussed is the extent to which either approach
would require the retagging of existing data.

A final consideration will be how to explain it all to the BCP's users.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 03 18:07:04 2007
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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
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Hi -

Based on recent discussion on the ietf-languages@iana.org list,
as a technical contributor I think we should clarify section 3.1.8
in the current draft by adding the following paragraph to that section:

  Suppress-Script is a compatibility measure, and as such is
  only appropriate for languages whose subtags were added to
  the registry before RFC 4646 was approved.  Even for such
  languages, Supress-Script SHOULD NOT be used unless there
  exists a significant body (as determined by the Language
  Subtag Reviewer) of material tagged before the approval of
  RFC 4646 without a script subtag.

Thoughts?

Randy




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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 03 20:35:16 2007
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To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

>   Suppress-Script is a compatibility measure, and as such is
>   only appropriate for languages whose subtags were added to
>    the registry before RFC 4646 was approved.

+1

>   Even for such
>   languages, Supress-Script SHOULD NOT be used unless there
>   exists a significant body (as determined by the Language
>   Subtag Reviewer) of material tagged before the approval of
>   RFC 4646 without a script subtag.

Neither the LSR nor anyone else (not even people who work for
search-engine companies) is in a position to make any such determination.
Not all tagged material is open to public scrutiny.  I am therefore
opposed to adding this sentence.

-- 
With techies, I've generally found              John Cowan
If your arguments lose the first round          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
    Make it rhyme, make it scan                 cowan@ccil.org
    Then you generally can
Make the same stupid point seem profound!           --Jonathan Robie


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 04 12:02:17 2007
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 08:59:35 -0700
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From: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
To: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>,
	"Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Hi,

I object to this whole paragraph.  Because RFC 4646
*inserted* scripts between the two previously main
subtags (language and region), Suppress-Script is
necessary for MANY languages tagged in the future.
It has nothing to do with an existing body of tagged
material.

Cheers,
- Ira


Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
Chair - Linux Foundation Open Printing WG
Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
phone: +1-906-494-2434
email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com

-----Original Message-----
From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
Sent: Wednesday, October 03, 2007 7:35 PM
To: Randy Presuhn
Cc: LTRU Working Group
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script


Randy Presuhn scripsit:

>   Suppress-Script is a compatibility measure, and as such is
>   only appropriate for languages whose subtags were added to
>    the registry before RFC 4646 was approved.

+1

>   Even for such
>   languages, Supress-Script SHOULD NOT be used unless there
>   exists a significant body (as determined by the Language
>   Subtag Reviewer) of material tagged before the approval of
>   RFC 4646 without a script subtag.

Neither the LSR nor anyone else (not even people who work for
search-engine companies) is in a position to make any such =
determination.
Not all tagged material is open to public scrutiny.  I am therefore
opposed to adding this sentence.

--=20
With techies, I've generally found              John Cowan
If your arguments lose the first round          =
http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
    Make it rhyme, make it scan                 cowan@ccil.org
    Then you generally can
Make the same stupid point seem profound!           --Jonathan Robie


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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
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I am pulled in different directions on this. What people should do when
tagging is inexorably linked with what implementers should do when
interpreting tags. If there is a mismatch in expectations, then we get
problems.

What I as an implementer want to know is: when I see xxx-YY and xxx-ZZZZ-YY,
what am I to do?

   1. Do I treat these as essentially synonyms for filtering and lookup?
   (eg en-US and en-Latn-US)
   2. Do I treat them as completely different for filtering and lookup
   (eg ru-RU and ru-Latn-RU, or zh-CN and zh-Latn-CN)
   3. Do I treat them as different for filtering, but as synonyms for
   lookup (eg zh-CN and zh-Hans-CN, or zh-TW and zh-Hant-TW)

On the one hand, Suppress Script, as discussed before, is a very imperfect
tool: it doesn't tell me about case 3, and it is ambiguous -- being missing
could mean that there are multiple common scripts for a language, or could
mean that there is no information available.

On the other hand, whether or not the language code was pre or post 4646
doesn't seem to make much difference as far as the question of what I should
do when interpreting these codes, so it seems from that that we should not
make Suppress-Script depend on pre or post 4646.

Mark

On 10/4/07, McDonald, Ira <imcdonald@sharplabs.com> wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> I object to this whole paragraph.  Because RFC 4646
> *inserted* scripts between the two previously main
> subtags (language and region), Suppress-Script is
> necessary for MANY languages tagged in the future.
> It has nothing to do with an existing body of tagged
> material.
>
> Cheers,
> - Ira
>
>
> Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)
> Chair - Linux Foundation Open Printing WG
> Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
> PO Box 221  Grand Marais, MI  49839
> phone: +1-906-494-2434
> email: imcdonald@sharplabs.com
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> Sent: Wednesday, October 03, 2007 7:35 PM
> To: Randy Presuhn
> Cc: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
>
>
> Randy Presuhn scripsit:
>
> >   Suppress-Script is a compatibility measure, and as such is
> >   only appropriate for languages whose subtags were added to
> >    the registry before RFC 4646 was approved.
>
> +1
>
> >   Even for such
> >   languages, Supress-Script SHOULD NOT be used unless there
> >   exists a significant body (as determined by the Language
> >   Subtag Reviewer) of material tagged before the approval of
> >   RFC 4646 without a script subtag.
>
> Neither the LSR nor anyone else (not even people who work for
> search-engine companies) is in a position to make any such determination.
> Not all tagged material is open to public scrutiny.  I am therefore
> opposed to adding this sentence.
>
> --
> With techies, I've generally found              John Cowan
> If your arguments lose the first round          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
>     Make it rhyme, make it scan                 cowan@ccil.org
>     Then you generally can
> Make the same stupid point seem profound!           --Jonathan Robie
>
>
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-- 
Mark

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I am pulled in different directions on this. What people should do when tagging is inexorably linked with what implementers should do when interpreting tags. If there is a mismatch in expectations, then we get problems.<br>
<br>What I as an implementer want to know is: when I see xxx-YY and xxx-ZZZZ-YY, what am I to do?<br><ol><li>Do I treat these as essentially synonyms for filtering and lookup? (eg en-US and en-Latn-US)</li><li>Do I treat them as completely different for filtering and lookup (eg ru-RU and ru-Latn-RU, or zh-CN and zh-Latn-CN)
<br></li><li>Do I treat them as different for filtering, but as synonyms for lookup (eg zh-CN and zh-Hans-CN, or zh-TW and zh-Hant-TW)<br></li></ol>On the one hand, Suppress Script, as discussed before, is a very imperfect tool: it doesn&#39;t tell me about case 3, and it is ambiguous -- being missing could mean that there are multiple common scripts for a language, or could mean that there is no information available.
<br><br>On the other hand, whether or not the language code was pre or post 4646 doesn&#39;t seem to make much difference as far as the question of what I should do when interpreting these codes, so it seems from that that we should not make Suppress-Script depend on pre or post 4646.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/4/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">McDonald, Ira</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:imcdonald@sharplabs.com">imcdonald@sharplabs.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Hi,<br><br>I object to this whole paragraph.&nbsp;&nbsp;Because RFC 4646<br>*inserted* scripts between the two previously main<br>subtags (language and region), Suppress-Script is<br>necessary for MANY languages tagged in the future.
<br>It has nothing to do with an existing body of tagged<br>material.<br><br>Cheers,<br>- Ira<br><br><br>Ira McDonald (Musician / Software Architect)<br>Chair - Linux Foundation Open Printing WG<br>Blue Roof Music / High North Inc
<br>PO Box 221&nbsp;&nbsp;Grand Marais, MI&nbsp;&nbsp;49839<br>phone: +1-906-494-2434<br>email: <a href="mailto:imcdonald@sharplabs.com">imcdonald@sharplabs.com</a><br><br>-----Original Message-----<br>From: John Cowan [mailto:<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">
cowan@ccil.org</a>]<br>Sent: Wednesday, October 03, 2007 7:35 PM<br>To: Randy Presuhn<br>Cc: LTRU Working Group<br>Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script<br><br><br>Randy Presuhn scripsit:<br><br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Suppress-Script is a compatibility measure, and as such is
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; only appropriate for languages whose subtags were added to<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;the registry before RFC 4646 was approved.<br><br>+1<br><br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Even for such<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; languages, Supress-Script SHOULD NOT be used unless there
<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; exists a significant body (as determined by the Language<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subtag Reviewer) of material tagged before the approval of<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; RFC 4646 without a script subtag.<br><br>Neither the LSR nor anyone else (not even people who work for
<br>search-engine companies) is in a position to make any such determination.<br>Not all tagged material is open to public scrutiny.&nbsp;&nbsp;I am therefore<br>opposed to adding this sentence.<br><br>--<br>With techies, I&#39;ve generally found&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;John Cowan
<br>If your arguments lose the first round&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.ccil.org/~cowan">http://www.ccil.org/~cowan</a><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Make it rhyme, make it scan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Then you generally can<br>Make the same stupid point seem profound!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --Jonathan Robie<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org
</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br><br>No virus found in this outgoing message.<br>Checked by AVG Free Edition.<br>Version: 7.5.488 / Virus Database: 
269.14.0/1049 - Release Date: 10/4/2007 8:59 AM<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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On 10/3/07, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote:
>
> Hi -
>
> There was a teleconference to discuss remaining open issues in
> the ltru drafts this morning.  I volunteered to serve as scribe.
> I hope I got it right.  If I didn't, I'm sure someone will
> correct me.  In any case, let's see if we can finish this discussion
> by working through the tradeoffs and agreeing on something, since
> it's pretty clear at this point that neither approach is perfect.
>
> The primary topic of discussion was the question of what to do
> about macrolanguages and extlangs.  The two major alternatives
> both had implications for matching.
>
> There was general agreement that remove-from-right matching is not
> a panacea.  There was less agreement about whether a macrolanguage-
> extlang construct is ever helpful, or actually counterproductive,
> in its interactions with matching.
>
> One consequence of the "flat" approach (not including encapsulating
> subtags in a language tag encoding) is that more intelligent matching


is that some people felt
[this was not universal]

would require additional information from the registry, which would
> increase the risk that someone might build applications that would
> read the registry, presenting a possible DoS with respect to IANA.


(Suppress Script already requires access to the registry. One could
theoretically argue that this is only required on the tagging side, not the
matching side, but in practice any reasonable application is going to
probably need to have a snapshot of information from the registry.)

There was some disagreement about what is meant by a macrolanguage
> subtag by itself.  Two examples: does zh mean the same thing as zh-cmn,
> and does ar mean the same thing as ar-arb?  A *rough* consensus
> of those participating in the teleconference (this must not be
> understood as a determination of WG consensus) was that they mean
> different things.  In this view, "zh" means "undifferentiated Chinese"
> (much of which happens to be "zh-cmn"), and "ar" means "undifferentiated
> Arabic".  A minority perspective was that because so much content
> tagged with "zh" is "zh-cmn", they should be understood as effectively
> synonymous.


One of the key issues we need to face are the problems introduced by either
of the models:

no-NO
nn-NO (or no-nn-NO*)
nb-NO (or no-nb-NO*)

vs.

zh-Hant-HK
zh-yue-Hant-HK or yue-Hant-HK
zh-cmn-Hant-HK or cmn-Hant-HK

While theoretically no-NO and nb-NO are different, in practice every
implementation I know of ends up having to treat them as synonyms -- that
wouldn't have changed if they had been encoded as no-nb-NO and no-NO. The
same is true of zh-Hant-HK and zh-cmn-Hant-HK, or ar-SA and ar-arb-SA.


In fleshing out the details of the alternative approaches, we need to
> consider the potential for synonyms, and what guidance we provide to
> taggers in the cases where synonyms could arise, as well as the extent
> that we might want to distinguish between "true" and "effective" ones.
>
> There was a side discussion about the possibility of additional
> macrolanguages being registered, and about the possibility of the
> registration of additional exncapsulated languages.  None of the
> likely scenarios appeared to create any serious problems for either
> proposal.
>
> Yet another consideration discussed is the extent to which either approach
> would require the retagging of existing data.
>
> A final consideration will be how to explain it all to the BCP's users.
>
> Randy
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/3/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Randy Presuhn</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">randy_presuhn@mindspring.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Hi -<br><br>There was a teleconference to discuss remaining open issues in<br>the ltru drafts this morning.&nbsp;&nbsp;I volunteered to serve as scribe.<br>I hope I got it right.&nbsp;&nbsp;If I didn&#39;t, I&#39;m sure someone will<br>correct me.&nbsp;&nbsp;In any case, let&#39;s see if we can finish this discussion
<br>by working through the tradeoffs and agreeing on something, since<br>it&#39;s pretty clear at this point that neither approach is perfect.<br><br>The primary topic of discussion was the question of what to do<br>about macrolanguages and extlangs.&nbsp;&nbsp;The two major alternatives
<br>both had implications for matching.<br><br>There was general agreement that remove-from-right matching is not<br>a panacea.&nbsp;&nbsp;There was less agreement about whether a macrolanguage-<br>extlang construct is ever helpful, or actually counterproductive,
<br>in its interactions with matching.<br><br>One consequence of the &quot;flat&quot; approach (not including encapsulating<br>subtags in a language tag encoding) is that more intelligent matching</blockquote><div><br>is that some people felt
<br>[this was not universal]<br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">would require additional information from the registry, which would
<br>increase the risk that someone might build applications that would<br>read the registry, presenting a possible DoS with respect to IANA.</blockquote><div><br>(Suppress Script already requires access to the registry. One could theoretically argue that this is only required on the tagging side, not the matching side, but in practice any reasonable application is going to probably need to have a snapshot of information from the registry.)
</div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">There was some disagreement about what is meant by a macrolanguage<br>subtag by itself.&nbsp;&nbsp;Two examples: does zh mean the same thing as zh-cmn,
<br>and does ar mean the same thing as ar-arb?&nbsp;&nbsp;A *rough* consensus<br>of those participating in the teleconference (this must not be<br>understood as a determination of WG consensus) was that they mean<br>different things.&nbsp;&nbsp;In this view, &quot;zh&quot; means &quot;undifferentiated Chinese&quot;
<br>(much of which happens to be &quot;zh-cmn&quot;), and &quot;ar&quot; means &quot;undifferentiated<br>Arabic&quot;.&nbsp;&nbsp;A minority perspective was that because so much content<br>tagged with &quot;zh&quot; is &quot;zh-cmn&quot;, they should be understood as effectively
<br>synonymous.</blockquote><div><br>One of the key issues we need to face are the problems introduced by either of the models:<br><br>no-NO<br>nn-NO (or no-nn-NO*)<br>nb-NO (or no-nb-NO*)<br><br>vs.<br><br>zh-Hant-HK<br>
zh-yue-Hant-HK or yue-Hant-HK<br>zh-cmn-Hant-HK or cmn-Hant-HK<br><br>While theoretically no-NO and nb-NO are different, in practice every implementation I know of ends up having to treat them as synonyms -- that wouldn&#39;t have changed if they had been encoded as no-nb-NO and no-NO. The same is true of zh-Hant-HK and zh-cmn-Hant-HK, or ar-SA and ar-arb-SA.
<br><br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">In fleshing out the details of the alternative approaches, we need to<br>consider the potential for synonyms, and what guidance we provide to
<br>taggers in the cases where synonyms could arise, as well as the extent<br>that we might want to distinguish between &quot;true&quot; and &quot;effective&quot; ones.<br><br>There was a side discussion about the possibility of additional
<br>macrolanguages being registered, and about the possibility of the<br>registration of additional exncapsulated languages.&nbsp;&nbsp;None of the<br>likely scenarios appeared to create any serious problems for either<br>proposal.
<br><br>Yet another consideration discussed is the extent to which either approach<br>would require the retagging of existing data.<br><br>A final consideration will be how to explain it all to the BCP&#39;s users.<br><br>
Randy<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 04 13:39:23 2007
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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 10:42:59 -0700
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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
> To: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
> Cc: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>; "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>; "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 10:06 AM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
...
> On the other hand, whether or not the language code was pre or post 4646
> doesn't seem to make much difference as far as the question of what I should
> do when interpreting these codes, so it seems from that that we should not
> make Suppress-Script depend on pre or post 4646.
...

As I recall, we added Suppress-Script because there was a large body
of already-tagged material which lacked script subtags, and we wanted
to be able to process that material as though it had been given
script subtags.  In this context, suppress-script is only meaningful
for coping with such material.

Somewhere along the way, the language in what became RFC 4646 got a bit
stronger, eventually ending up as "5.  There MUST be at most one script
subtag in a language tag, and the script subtag SHOULD be omitted when
it adds no distinguishing value to the tag or when the primary language
subtag's record includes a Suppress-Script field listing the applicable
script subtag."  This is still OK with me, but...

There seems to be a bit of semantic drift in the understanding of "Suppress-
Script", from its original meaning as a legacy data compatibility kluge
to a way of indicating for a particular language that a script subtag
would probably not add "distinguishing value".  It's clear from this
discussion that not all of us (myself included) have made such a shift.

If we as a WG want to adopt such a semantic shift, we should do so consciously
and explicitly, because it has a dramatic impact on the number of languages
for which the ietf-languages@iana.org list will have to debate the merits of
adding this information to the registry.

Randy



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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
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I agree that we need to have clearer language, whichever way we go. As I
said, I'm not sure of the right answer; I could see going either direction.

Mark

On 10/4/07, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote:
>
> Hi -
>
> As a technical contributor...
>
> > From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
> > To: "McDonald, Ira" <imcdonald@sharplabs.com>
> > Cc: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>; "Randy Presuhn" <
> randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>; "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 10:06 AM
> > Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
> ...
> > On the other hand, whether or not the language code was pre or post 4646
> > doesn't seem to make much difference as far as the question of what I
> should
> > do when interpreting these codes, so it seems from that that we should
> not
> > make Suppress-Script depend on pre or post 4646.
> ...
>
> As I recall, we added Suppress-Script because there was a large body
> of already-tagged material which lacked script subtags, and we wanted
> to be able to process that material as though it had been given
> script subtags.  In this context, suppress-script is only meaningful
> for coping with such material.
>
> Somewhere along the way, the language in what became RFC 4646 got a bit
> stronger, eventually ending up as "5.  There MUST be at most one script
> subtag in a language tag, and the script subtag SHOULD be omitted when
> it adds no distinguishing value to the tag or when the primary language
> subtag's record includes a Suppress-Script field listing the applicable
> script subtag."  This is still OK with me, but...
>
> There seems to be a bit of semantic drift in the understanding of
> "Suppress-
> Script", from its original meaning as a legacy data compatibility kluge
> to a way of indicating for a particular language that a script subtag
> would probably not add "distinguishing value".  It's clear from this
> discussion that not all of us (myself included) have made such a shift.
>
> If we as a WG want to adopt such a semantic shift, we should do so
> consciously
> and explicitly, because it has a dramatic impact on the number of
> languages
> for which the ietf-languages@iana.org list will have to debate the merits
> of
> adding this information to the registry.
>
> Randy
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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I agree that we need to have clearer language, whichever way we go. As I said, I&#39;m not sure of the right answer; I could see going either direction.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/4/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">
Randy Presuhn</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">randy_presuhn@mindspring.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Hi -<br><br>As a technical contributor...<br><br>&gt; From: &quot;Mark Davis&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org">mark.davis@icu-project.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; To: &quot;McDonald, Ira&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:imcdonald@sharplabs.com">
imcdonald@sharplabs.com</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Cc: &quot;John Cowan&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt;; &quot;Randy Presuhn&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">randy_presuhn@mindspring.com
</a>&gt;; &quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 10:06 AM<br>&gt; Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script<br>...<br>&gt; On the other hand, whether or not the language code was pre or post 4646
<br>&gt; doesn&#39;t seem to make much difference as far as the question of what I should<br>&gt; do when interpreting these codes, so it seems from that that we should not<br>&gt; make Suppress-Script depend on pre or post 4646.
<br>...<br><br>As I recall, we added Suppress-Script because there was a large body<br>of already-tagged material which lacked script subtags, and we wanted<br>to be able to process that material as though it had been given
<br>script subtags.&nbsp;&nbsp;In this context, suppress-script is only meaningful<br>for coping with such material.<br><br>Somewhere along the way, the language in what became RFC 4646 got a bit<br>stronger, eventually ending up as &quot;5.&nbsp;&nbsp;There MUST be at most one script
<br>subtag in a language tag, and the script subtag SHOULD be omitted when<br>it adds no distinguishing value to the tag or when the primary language<br>subtag&#39;s record includes a Suppress-Script field listing the applicable
<br>script subtag.&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;This is still OK with me, but...<br><br>There seems to be a bit of semantic drift in the understanding of &quot;Suppress-<br>Script&quot;, from its original meaning as a legacy data compatibility kluge
<br>to a way of indicating for a particular language that a script subtag<br>would probably not add &quot;distinguishing value&quot;.&nbsp;&nbsp;It&#39;s clear from this<br>discussion that not all of us (myself included) have made such a shift.
<br><br>If we as a WG want to adopt such a semantic shift, we should do so consciously<br>and explicitly, because it has a dramatic impact on the number of languages<br>for which the <a href="mailto:ietf-languages@iana.org">
ietf-languages@iana.org</a> list will have to debate the merits of<br>adding this information to the registry.<br><br>Randy<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">
Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
> To: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
> Cc: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 10:20 AM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
...
> One of the key issues we need to face are the problems introduced by either
> of the models:
> 
> no-NO
> nn-NO (or no-nn-NO*)
> nb-NO (or no-nb-NO*)
> 
> vs.
> 
> zh-Hant-HK
> zh-yue-Hant-HK or yue-Hant-HK
> zh-cmn-Hant-HK or cmn-Hant-HK
> 
> While theoretically no-NO and nb-NO are different, in practice every
> implementation I know of ends up having to treat them as synonyms -- that
> wouldn't have changed if they had been encoded as no-nb-NO and no-NO. The
> same is true of zh-Hant-HK and zh-cmn-Hant-HK, or ar-SA and ar-arb-SA.
...

We need to be careful when talking about "synonyms", when what we're really
talking about are the statistical properties of imprecisely tagged data.
Such tags are "synonyms" only for the purposes of some applications' heuristics.
In hindsight, "no-nn"* / "no-nb"* would have been less horrible that the
current mess, even if data (imprecisely due to broadening) tagged "no"
would have been mostly of one type.  (I read "zh" as "some kind of Chinese",
and based on experience know that if a text is "some kind of Chinese" that
it's most likely, but not guaranteed to be, Mandarin.

An inevitable consequence of our work to make more precise tagging possible
it that there will be legacy data tagged less precisely than we might like.
There are some cases where the ability to tag imprecisely, and to match imprecisely,
are useful. The question is the extent to which we want to support it
directly in tag structure, rather than requiring more thorough registry
knowledge to make use of it.

Of course, it's legitimate to ask whether the cases where such imprecision
is actually useful are worth supporting.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 04 15:03:08 2007
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Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 15:02:13 -0400
To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> There are some cases where the ability to tag imprecisely, and to match imprecisely,
> are useful. 

Indeed there are.  For example, if I'm tagging documents of modern
origin, I can recognize Chinese documents (in Han script) with pretty
close to 100% reliability.  That is, I can tell if a printed document
is entirely in hanzi (with maybe some Latin) as opposed to being in
kanji+kana or hanja+hangeul.  But Mandarin or Cantonese?  No clue.
Simplified or traditional? Ya got me.  Country of origin?  A mystery.

At present I can unequivocally and correctly tag these documents "zh".

-- 
John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
It's like if you meet an really old, really rich guy covered in liver
spots and breathing with an oxygen tank, and you say, "I want to be
rich, too, so I'm going to start walking with a cane and I'm going to
act crotchety and I'm going to get liver disease. --Wil Shipley


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 04 15:11:55 2007
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To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Clarifying Suppress-Script
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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> As I recall, we added Suppress-Script because there was a large body
> of already-tagged material which lacked script subtags, and we wanted
> to be able to process that material as though it had been given
> script subtags.  In this context, suppress-script is only meaningful
> for coping with such material.

+1

> Somewhere along the way, the language in what became RFC 4646 got a bit
> stronger, eventually ending up as "5.  There MUST be at most one script
> subtag in a language tag, and the script subtag SHOULD be omitted when
> it adds no distinguishing value to the tag or when the primary language
> subtag's record includes a Suppress-Script field listing the applicable
> script subtag."  This is still OK with me, but...

The first half is just "Tag wisely".  The second half says to apply
Suppress-Script when it's available, but does not explain when it should
be made available by ietf-languages.  It's the latter that's now seen
to be needed.

-- 
John Cowan  <cowan@ccil.org>  http://ccil.org/~cowan
Micropayment advocates mistakenly believe that efficient allocation of
resources is the purpose of markets.  Efficiency is a byproduct of market
systems, not their goal.  The reasons markets work are not because users
have embraced efficiency but because markets are the best place to allow
users to maximize their preferences, and very often their preferences are
not for conservation of cheap resources.  --Clay Shirkey


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Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 12:56:15 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
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I can't tell whether "chat" is in French or English either. I'm not sure
that's a good argument for having a code that means either.

More seriously, one could argue for having a root for each set of languages
could sometimes not be detectably different. So we'd have

rom*  for Romanian and Moldavian

That is an interesting thought, though perhaps although difficult to draw
the lines in: what or who determines what is detectably different? For
example, you said that you personally couldn't tell whether some text was
simplified or traditional -- but for any substantial body of text, they are
pretty easy to tell apart statistically, and much easier for human readers.
And from what John Jenkins has said, Cantonese text is also often
distinguishable from Mandarin by character choice and phrasing.

Anyway, when in doubt, one can use lists of the likely languages.

Mark

On 10/4/07, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote:
>
> Randy Presuhn scripsit:
>
> > There are some cases where the ability to tag imprecisely, and to match
> imprecisely,
> > are useful.
>
> Indeed there are.  For example, if I'm tagging documents of modern
> origin, I can recognize Chinese documents (in Han script) with pretty
> close to 100% reliability.  That is, I can tell if a printed document
> is entirely in hanzi (with maybe some Latin) as opposed to being in
> kanji+kana or hanja+hangeul.  But Mandarin or Cantonese?  No clue.
> Simplified or traditional? Ya got me.  Country of origin?  A mystery.
>
> At present I can unequivocally and correctly tag these documents "zh".
>
> --
> John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
> It's like if you meet an really old, really rich guy covered in liver
> spots and breathing with an oxygen tank, and you say, "I want to be
> rich, too, so I'm going to start walking with a cane and I'm going to
> act crotchety and I'm going to get liver disease. --Wil Shipley
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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I can&#39;t tell whether &quot;chat&quot; is in French or English either. I&#39;m not sure that&#39;s a good argument for having a code that means either. <br><br>More seriously, one could argue for having a root for each set of languages could sometimes not be detectably different. So we&#39;d have
<br><br>rom*&nbsp; for Romanian and Moldavian<br><br>That is an interesting thought, though perhaps although difficult to draw the lines in: what or who determines what is detectably different? For example, you said that you personally couldn&#39;t tell whether some text was simplified or traditional -- but for any substantial body of text, they are pretty easy to tell apart statistically, and much easier for human readers. And from what John Jenkins has said, Cantonese text is also often distinguishable from Mandarin by character choice and phrasing.
<br><br>Anyway, when in doubt, one can use lists of the likely languages.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/4/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">John Cowan</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org
</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">Randy Presuhn scripsit:<br><br>&gt; There are some cases where the ability to tag imprecisely, and to match imprecisely,
<br>&gt; are useful.<br><br>Indeed there are.&nbsp;&nbsp;For example, if I&#39;m tagging documents of modern<br>origin, I can recognize Chinese documents (in Han script) with pretty<br>close to 100% reliability.&nbsp;&nbsp;That is, I can tell if a printed document
<br>is entirely in hanzi (with maybe some Latin) as opposed to being in<br>kanji+kana or hanja+hangeul.&nbsp;&nbsp;But Mandarin or Cantonese?&nbsp;&nbsp;No clue.<br>Simplified or traditional? Ya got me.&nbsp;&nbsp;Country of origin?&nbsp;&nbsp;A mystery.<br><br>
At present I can unequivocally and correctly tag these documents &quot;zh&quot;.<br><br>--<br>John Cowan &lt;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="http://www.ccil.org/~cowan">http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
</a><br>It&#39;s like if you meet an really old, really rich guy covered in liver<br>spots and breathing with an oxygen tank, and you say, &quot;I want to be<br>rich, too, so I&#39;m going to start walking with a cane and I&#39;m going to
<br>act crotchety and I&#39;m going to get liver disease. --Wil Shipley<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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Subject: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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There's been lots of discussion about the extended language tags, but it do=
esn't seem like there've been many conclusions.  I've gleaned the following=
 points for the discussion:

        * We (the bigger software ecosystem we, tools, etc) have encouraged=
 use of zh-HK, etc for labeling both Mandarin and Cantonese.  Whatever happ=
ens in the future a large number of legacy documents, both Manderin and Can=
tonese, will be labeled with the existing language tag.

        * Whether or not yue or zh-yue was used, it is a change from the cu=
rrent label (in most cases).  It seems that in nearly all cases this will r=
equire a code change.  In particular applications that want to include zh-H=
K in lists containing zh-cmn-HK or cmn-HK will need extra awareness.

        * I don't think the Breton example applies.  http-accept-lang allow=
s for "br-FR;fr-FR" type fallback, so that is a solution.  If an applicatio=
n independently wanted to make this assumption that's fine by me, but this =
seems orthogonal to the problem we're trying to solve here.

        * Lots of zh data right now is zh-cmn.  Most of "us" seem to agree =
that we can't narrow the meaning of zh because it does allow Cantonese.  Ho=
wever if some application wanted to make an assumption that zh =3D=3D zh-cm=
n, then that seems up to the application for fallback.

        * Even for the current tags, many of the people in the teleconferen=
ce seem to extend RFC 4647 in ways that are best for them.  Strict use of 4=
647 behavior seems rare.  It seems reasonable to me to expect that in the f=
uture people may continue to do so and that RFC 4647 and the registry can o=
nly provide guidelines.  I don't think that it can solve all problems for a=
ll applications, and I'm fine with that.

        * It was proposed that the registry could provide a link from cmn t=
o zh for applications that want this.  My experience has been that the regi=
stry is good for providing recommendations, but in practice software is rar=
ely kept current with the actual data currently in the registry.

        * FWIW: some documents are currently tagged zh-yue.

        * RFC 4646 strongly implies that that direction is zh-cmn rather th=
an cmn.  By itself this isn't a big concern to me, but taken with the grand=
fathered and existing zh-yue data I would think there'd need to be a strong=
 case to change directions.

So from these points, my conclusion is that the zh-cmn form is preferable.

My reasoning is that either cmn by itself or zh-cmn will require code chang=
e in nearly all cases, either to include or exclude existing data or fallba=
ck rules.   Either was will require a code change, and either way may requi=
re knowledge that zh-HK might be interesting if the request is for {Mandari=
n tag}-HK.  Searching may need to include zh files for {Manderin tag} queri=
es and exclude them for {Cantonese tag} queries, but the actual tag doesn't=
 really change this logic.  Neither variation is likely to work with existi=
ng code when the request is for the new name and the data is tagged with th=
e old tag.

The deciding factor for me is that to know that cmn is related to zh I'd ha=
ve to look in the registry, but zh-cmn contains that information.  Otherwis=
e I don't really see advantages with either method.

- Shawn

SDE
Windows International
Visual Studio .Net
Microsoft


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Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2007 11:01:35 +1000
From: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>
To: "Shawn Steele" <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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Throwing in my two cents worth:

One aspect of language tagging is the preference for the tags to be as
specific as possible. In some cases it is desirable to be less
specific.

An example i mentioned on the teleconference was the case of Dinka. In
ISO-639-2 this is represented by the language code "din".

While ISO-639-3 have the following language codes:

dib  	South Central Dinka
dik 	Southwestern Dinka
dip 	Northeastern Dinka
diw 	Northwestern Dinka
dks 	Southeastern Dinka

If I was applying a langauge tag to a Rek grammar, then i'd use "dik",
for a collection of Ciec folktales I'd use "dib". For a collection of
Bor proverbs I'd use "dks".

To describe the literacy materials and class room materials being
developed in Australia by the Dinka community, I'd use "din". Within
the diaspora and in Australia specifically the literacy and language
teachers, translators and interpreters are discussing a standardized
approach to written Dinka.

The original SPLA/M education policies highlighted Rek as a standard
for written Dinka. What seems to be occurring is an amalgam based on
Rek, but including aspects and vocab from other Dinka dialects. There
will be a locally hosted conference next year to thrash out some of
the issues.

In this context "din": would be the most appropriate way of tagging
the new educational material, while keeping the existing five
iso-639-3 language tags to more accurately describe information and
data written in one of the 20 odd specific dialects.

from the perspective of the user community, an extlang approach would
make more sense, i.e. Rek labeled as "din-dik" makes more sense than
"dik". To the community Rek is a Dinka langauge, Dinak Rek, not a
separate language called Rek.

In this sense extlang reflects the communities understanding of their language.

This is just an observation, i'm neither for or against extlang.

Although from the perspective of web development and how CSS and web
browsers handle psuedo langauge selectors and attribute selectors, I'd
suggest that extlang approach simplifies things for those rare
individuals amongst us that use these selectors.

Andrew
-- 
Andrew Cunningham
State Library of Victoria, Australia

andrewc@vicnet.net.au
lang.support@gmail.com


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Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 18:25:27 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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a small correction:
>  In this sense extlang reflects the communities understanding of their
language.
=> In this sense macro languages reflects the communities understanding of
their language.

While the issue of synonyms is related to the issue of macro language
registry info vs extlang, they aren't the same.

Mark

On 10/4/07, Andrew Cunningham <lang.support@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Throwing in my two cents worth:
>
> One aspect of language tagging is the preference for the tags to be as
> specific as possible. In some cases it is desirable to be less
> specific.
>
> An example i mentioned on the teleconference was the case of Dinka. In
> ISO-639-2 this is represented by the language code "din".
>
> While ISO-639-3 have the following language codes:
>
> dib     South Central Dinka
> dik     Southwestern Dinka
> dip     Northeastern Dinka
> diw     Northwestern Dinka
> dks     Southeastern Dinka
>
> If I was applying a langauge tag to a Rek grammar, then i'd use "dik",
> for a collection of Ciec folktales I'd use "dib". For a collection of
> Bor proverbs I'd use "dks".
>
> To describe the literacy materials and class room materials being
> developed in Australia by the Dinka community, I'd use "din". Within
> the diaspora and in Australia specifically the literacy and language
> teachers, translators and interpreters are discussing a standardized
> approach to written Dinka.
>
> The original SPLA/M education policies highlighted Rek as a standard
> for written Dinka. What seems to be occurring is an amalgam based on
> Rek, but including aspects and vocab from other Dinka dialects. There
> will be a locally hosted conference next year to thrash out some of
> the issues.
>
> In this context "din": would be the most appropriate way of tagging
> the new educational material, while keeping the existing five
> iso-639-3 language tags to more accurately describe information and
> data written in one of the 20 odd specific dialects.
>
> from the perspective of the user community, an extlang approach would
> make more sense, i.e. Rek labeled as "din-dik" makes more sense than
> "dik". To the community Rek is a Dinka langauge, Dinak Rek, not a
> separate language called Rek.
>
> In this sense extlang reflects the communities understanding of their
> language.
>
> This is just an observation, i'm neither for or against extlang.
>
> Although from the perspective of web development and how CSS and web
> browsers handle psuedo langauge selectors and attribute selectors, I'd
> suggest that extlang approach simplifies things for those rare
> individuals amongst us that use these selectors.
>
> Andrew
> --
> Andrew Cunningham
> State Library of Victoria, Australia
>
> andrewc@vicnet.net.au
> lang.support@gmail.com
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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a small correction: <br>&gt;&nbsp; In this sense extlang reflects the communities understanding of their language.<br>=&gt; In this sense macro languages reflects the communities understanding of their language.<br><br>While the issue of synonyms is related to the issue of macro language registry info vs extlang, they aren&#39;t the same.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/4/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Andrew Cunningham</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:lang.support@gmail.com">lang.support@gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Throwing in my two cents worth:<br><br>One aspect of language tagging is the preference for the tags to be as<br>specific as possible. In some cases it is desirable to be less<br>specific.<br><br>An example i mentioned on the teleconference was the case of Dinka. In
<br>ISO-639-2 this is represented by the language code &quot;din&quot;.<br><br>While ISO-639-3 have the following language codes:<br><br>dib&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; South Central Dinka<br>dik&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Southwestern Dinka<br>dip&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Northeastern Dinka
<br>diw&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Northwestern Dinka<br>dks&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Southeastern Dinka<br><br>If I was applying a langauge tag to a Rek grammar, then i&#39;d use &quot;dik&quot;,<br>for a collection of Ciec folktales I&#39;d use &quot;dib&quot;. For a collection of
<br>Bor proverbs I&#39;d use &quot;dks&quot;.<br><br>To describe the literacy materials and class room materials being<br>developed in Australia by the Dinka community, I&#39;d use &quot;din&quot;. Within<br>the diaspora and in Australia specifically the literacy and language
<br>teachers, translators and interpreters are discussing a standardized<br>approach to written Dinka.<br><br>The original SPLA/M education policies highlighted Rek as a standard<br>for written Dinka. What seems to be occurring is an amalgam based on
<br>Rek, but including aspects and vocab from other Dinka dialects. There<br>will be a locally hosted conference next year to thrash out some of<br>the issues.<br><br>In this context &quot;din&quot;: would be the most appropriate way of tagging
<br>the new educational material, while keeping the existing five<br>iso-639-3 language tags to more accurately describe information and<br>data written in one of the 20 odd specific dialects.<br><br>from the perspective of the user community, an extlang approach would
<br>make more sense, i.e. Rek labeled as &quot;din-dik&quot; makes more sense than<br>&quot;dik&quot;. To the community Rek is a Dinka langauge, Dinak Rek, not a<br>separate language called Rek.<br><br>In this sense extlang reflects the communities understanding of their language.
<br><br>This is just an observation, i&#39;m neither for or against extlang.<br><br>Although from the perspective of web development and how CSS and web<br>browsers handle psuedo langauge selectors and attribute selectors, I&#39;d
<br>suggest that extlang approach simplifies things for those rare<br>individuals amongst us that use these selectors.<br><br>Andrew<br>--<br>Andrew Cunningham<br>State Library of Victoria, Australia<br><br><a href="mailto:andrewc@vicnet.net.au">
andrewc@vicnet.net.au</a><br><a href="mailto:lang.support@gmail.com">lang.support@gmail.com</a><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org
</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From: "Don Osborn" <dzo@bisharat.net>
To: "'Andrew Cunningham'" <lang.support@gmail.com>,
	"'Shawn Steele'" <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags
Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 21:39:44 -0400
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Just to confirm that what Andrew is saying applies to a number of =
languages in Africa. I've brought up similar concerns in the past wrt =
(macro) languages like Fula and Manding (though the latter might be =
called a cluster), though I believe I addressed them to the =
ietf-languages list. These are just a few examples.

I haven't been following the recent discussions here as much as I should =
have, but do believe that if there is a bias in the system to =
specificity, when specificity is not always the ideal approach, then it =
will inevitably encounter calls for flexibility later. At this point I =
can't say how extlang responds to this so can only offer these general =
comments on the context of some languages.

This is not to say that specificity in language tags is wrong, but that =
they describe one aspect of a more complex reality. Large degrees of =
interintelligibility, the sense of speakers regarding the essential =
unity of a language (based on their experience and the common wisdom in =
the culture), and the hopes and potentials for standardized versions, =
all probably mean that less specific tags will become more important as =
these languages emerge more fully into digital culture and the digital =
economy.

The language situations are dynamic, and the medium in which we are =
trying to describe and categorize languages is adding a new dimension to =
the development of lesser-resourced languages and their variants.

Hope this makes some sense.

Don Osborn
Bisharat.net
PanAfriL10n.org







> -----Original Message-----
> From: Andrew Cunningham [mailto:lang.support@gmail.com]
> Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 9:02 PM
> To: Shawn Steele
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
>=20
> Throwing in my two cents worth:
>=20
> One aspect of language tagging is the preference for the tags to be as
> specific as possible. In some cases it is desirable to be less
> specific.
>=20
> An example i mentioned on the teleconference was the case of Dinka. In
> ISO-639-2 this is represented by the language code "din".
>=20
> While ISO-639-3 have the following language codes:
>=20
> dib  	South Central Dinka
> dik 	Southwestern Dinka
> dip 	Northeastern Dinka
> diw 	Northwestern Dinka
> dks 	Southeastern Dinka
>=20
> If I was applying a langauge tag to a Rek grammar, then i'd use "dik",
> for a collection of Ciec folktales I'd use "dib". For a collection of
> Bor proverbs I'd use "dks".
>=20
> To describe the literacy materials and class room materials being
> developed in Australia by the Dinka community, I'd use "din". Within
> the diaspora and in Australia specifically the literacy and language
> teachers, translators and interpreters are discussing a standardized
> approach to written Dinka.
>=20
> The original SPLA/M education policies highlighted Rek as a standard
> for written Dinka. What seems to be occurring is an amalgam based on
> Rek, but including aspects and vocab from other Dinka dialects. There
> will be a locally hosted conference next year to thrash out some of
> the issues.
>=20
> In this context "din": would be the most appropriate way of tagging
> the new educational material, while keeping the existing five
> iso-639-3 language tags to more accurately describe information and
> data written in one of the 20 odd specific dialects.
>=20
> from the perspective of the user community, an extlang approach would
> make more sense, i.e. Rek labeled as "din-dik" makes more sense than
> "dik". To the community Rek is a Dinka langauge, Dinak Rek, not a
> separate language called Rek.
>=20
> In this sense extlang reflects the communities understanding of their
> language.
>=20
> This is just an observation, i'm neither for or against extlang.
>=20
> Although from the perspective of web development and how CSS and web
> browsers handle psuedo langauge selectors and attribute selectors, I'd
> suggest that extlang approach simplifies things for those rare
> individuals amongst us that use these selectors.
>=20
> Andrew
> --
> Andrew Cunningham
> State Library of Victoria, Australia
>=20
> andrewc@vicnet.net.au
> lang.support@gmail.com
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru




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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>
> To: "Shawn Steele" <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
> Cc: <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 6:01 PM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
... 
> In this context "din": would be the most appropriate way of tagging
> the new educational material, while keeping the existing five
> iso-639-3 language tags to more accurately describe information and
> data written in one of the 20 odd specific dialects.
...

While agreeing with the thrust of this argument, something like "din-common"
would make more sense to me in this example as a preferred way of tagging
this educational material.  I do not think it is desirable for a subtag
to formally convey both the sense "some unspecified variety or varieties of
this language family" and "the most common or standardardized variety".

This would allow such material to be identified as a distinct variety,
while recognizing the commonality that makes such standardization possible.

Randy



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From: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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Thanks Mark for the correction, my use of terminology can be sloppy at times ;)


On 05/10/2007, Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote:
> a small correction:
> >  In this sense extlang reflects the communities understanding of their
> language.
> => In this sense macro languages reflects the communities understanding of
> their language.
>
> While the issue of synonyms is related to the issue of macro language
> registry info vs extlang, they aren't the same.
>
> Mark
>
>
> On 10/4/07, Andrew Cunningham <lang.support@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > Throwing in my two cents worth:
> >
> > One aspect of language tagging is the preference for the tags to be as
> > specific as possible. In some cases it is desirable to be less
> > specific.
> >
> > An example i mentioned on the teleconference was the case of Dinka. In
> > ISO-639-2 this is represented by the language code "din".
> >
> > While ISO-639-3 have the following language codes:
> >
> > dib     South Central Dinka
> > dik     Southwestern Dinka
> > dip     Northeastern Dinka
> > diw     Northwestern Dinka
> > dks     Southeastern Dinka
> >
> > If I was applying a langauge tag to a Rek grammar, then i'd use "dik",
> > for a collection of Ciec folktales I'd use "dib". For a collection of
> > Bor proverbs I'd use "dks".
> >
> > To describe the literacy materials and class room materials being
> > developed in Australia by the Dinka community, I'd use "din". Within
> > the diaspora and in Australia specifically the literacy and language
> > teachers, translators and interpreters are discussing a standardized
> > approach to written Dinka.
> >
> > The original SPLA/M education policies highlighted Rek as a standard
> > for written Dinka. What seems to be occurring is an amalgam based on
> > Rek, but including aspects and vocab from other Dinka dialects. There
> > will be a locally hosted conference next year to thrash out some of
> > the issues.
> >
> > In this context "din": would be the most appropriate way of tagging
> > the new educational material, while keeping the existing five
> > iso-639-3 language tags to more accurately describe information and
> > data written in one of the 20 odd specific dialects.
> >
> > from the perspective of the user community, an extlang approach would
> > make more sense, i.e. Rek labeled as "din-dik" makes more sense than
> > "dik". To the community Rek is a Dinka langauge, Dinak Rek, not a
> > separate language called Rek.
> >
> > In this sense extlang reflects the communities understanding of their
> language.
> >
> > This is just an observation, i'm neither for or against extlang.
> >
> > Although from the perspective of web development and how CSS and web
> > browsers handle psuedo langauge selectors and attribute selectors, I'd
> > suggest that extlang approach simplifies things for those rare
> > individuals amongst us that use these selectors.
> >
> > Andrew
> > --
> > Andrew Cunningham
> > State Library of Victoria, Australia
> >
> > andrewc@vicnet.net.au
> > lang.support@gmail.com
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >
>
>
>
> --
> Mark


-- 
Andrew Cunningham
Language IT support
Dinka Language Institute
Australia
http://home.vicnet.net.au/~andrewc/
http://home.vicnet.net.au/~agamlong/dlia/
http://www.openroad.net.au/languages/african/dinka/


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Randy,

On 05/10/2007, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote:

> I do not think it is desirable for a subtag
> to formally convey both the sense "some unspecified variety or varieties of
> this language family" and "the most common or standardardized variety".
>

True, and if a standardised Dinka is formalised then an approprian
unspecified variety of Dinka not covered by the current ISO-639-3
codes". I'm not suggesting "din" be used for a standardised or common
Dinka. Just at the moment things are heading in the development of a
standardised Dinka (if that ever actually happens). At which time a
more appropriate subtag may be put forward.

if that makes sense.

-- 
Andrew Cunningham


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Date: Fri, 5 Oct 2007 12:40:45 +1000
From: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>
To: ltru@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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That should have read (and for some reason didn't):

True, and if a standardised Dinka is formalised then an
appropriate subtag should/may be registered.

But at the moment, the way I'm using "din" is as an
unspecified variety of Dinka not covered by the current
ISO-639-3 codes".

I'm not suggesting "din" be used for a standardised or
common Dinka.

Just saying that at the moment things are heading in
the direction of the development of a standardised
Dinka (if that ever actually happens). At which time
a more appropriate subtag may be put forward.

If that makes sense?

-- 
Andrew Cunningham
Language IT support
Dinka Language Institute
Australia
http://home.vicnet.net.au/~andrewc/
http://home.vicnet.net.au/~agamlong/dlia/
http://www.openroad.net.au/languages/african/dinka/


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 04 22:49:05 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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Hi -

> From: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>
> To: <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 7:40 PM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
>
> That should have read (and for some reason didn't):
> 
> True, and if a standardised Dinka is formalised then an
> appropriate subtag should/may be registered.
> 
> But at the moment, the way I'm using "din" is as an
> unspecified variety of Dinka not covered by the current
> ISO-639-3 codes".
> 
> I'm not suggesting "din" be used for a standardised or
> common Dinka.
> 
> Just saying that at the moment things are heading in
> the direction of the development of a standardised
> Dinka (if that ever actually happens). At which time
> a more appropriate subtag may be put forward.
> 
> If that makes sense?
...

We're in violent agreement.  :-)

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 04 23:22:25 2007
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To: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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Shawn Steele scripsit:

> * I don't think the Breton example applies.  http-accept-lang allows for
> "br-FR;fr-FR" type fallback, so that is a solution.  If an application
> independently wanted to make this assumption that's fine by me, but
> this seems orthogonal to the problem we're trying to solve here.

That works for filtering (which is what Accept-Lang does), but not so
well in practice for lookup.  Normally people don't specify multiple match patterns
in lookup situations, they just say "I speak Breton, what's the best
match you have?"

-- 
You're a brave man! Go and break through the            John Cowan
lines, and remember while you're out there              cowan@ccil.org
risking life and limb through shot and shell,           http://ccil.org/~cowan
we'll be in here thinking what a sucker you are!
        --Rufus T. Firefly


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 04 23:28:26 2007
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John Cowan wrote:
> 
>> * I don't think the Breton example applies.  http-accept-lang allows for
>> "br-FR;fr-FR" type fallback, so that is a solution.  If an application
>> independently wanted to make this assumption that's fine by me, but
>> this seems orthogonal to the problem we're trying to solve here.
> 
> That works for filtering (which is what Accept-Lang does), but not so
> well in practice for lookup.  Normally people don't specify multiple match patterns
> in lookup situations, they just say "I speak Breton, what's the best
> match you have?"
> 

Although actual implementations of lookup, as specified, do allow for 
it. My implementations handle this situation well and it turns out to be 
pretty useful to use a language priority list for lookup.

Traditional locale systems, however, work as John notes. I am hopeful 
that they will adapt.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Andrew Cunningham [mailto:lang.support@gmail.com]
...
> But at the moment, the way I'm using "din" is as an
> unspecified variety of Dinka not covered by the current
> ISO-639-3 codes".
...

Which seems to be saying that in this case there is need for an =
appropriate level of imprecision in the tagging, and that this is met by =
the macrolanguage code alone (which is in 639-3 also, as I read it). I'm =
thinking that this is not so much the exception, but a situation that =
can arise with many other (macro)languages where there is no formal =
standard.

I can see the point of having a tag to describe a standardized form, if =
such a formal standardization is arrived at (though I'm not sure where =
discussions are re ar and Standard Arabic). But what if usages just keep =
crossing or blurring the lines among "languages" within the =
"macrolanguage"?  This is not just limited to Dinka - there were a few =
publications in Fulfulde a while back (one title was Janng'en Fulfulde =
as I recall) that deliberately tried to address a range of speakers (to =
the point of having footnotes to clarify usage in specific dialects =
where these were markedly different). Nowadays, anyone could try that on =
a website, blog or Wikipedia. In such a case wouldn't the ISO 639-1/2 =
code (ff/ful) be appropriate?

Maybe there's no argument here, but I wanted to underscore this =
perspective before letting it be.

Don




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To: Don Osborn <dzo@bisharat.net>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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Don Osborn scripsit:

> I can see the point of having a tag to describe a standardized form,
> if such a formal standardization is arrived at (though I'm not sure
> where discussions are re ar and Standard Arabic). 

Arabic's like Chinese: there's a prestige variety, which has its own
639-3 code, and then there are the other varieties, which have 639-3
codes too.  Each set is encompassed by a macrolanguage that is in both
639-2 and 639-3.

Most textual documents are in the prestige variety (as an uncontroversial
consequence of the prestige variety being the only one normally used
for writing at all), and are tagged with the macrolanguage code (as an
uncontroversial consequence of it being either the only code available
or the only code that most people know about).  Audio/video content may
well be another story, but most of it is neither manually tagged nor
(as yet) automatically taggable.

Macrolanguages like Quechua or Zapotec are another story: there is no
prestige variety particularly.  The African cases sound like they are
moving from the latter group toward the former, with the appearance of
prestige varieties at least in the cities or the diaspora.

-- 
Possession is said to be nine points of the law,                John Cowan
but that's not saying how many points the law might have.       cowan@ccil.org
        --Thomas A. Cowan (law professor and my father)


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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "Don Osborn" <dzo@bisharat.net>
> To: "'Andrew Cunningham'" <lang.support@gmail.com>; <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 8:42 PM
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags
...
> Which seems to be saying that in this case there is need for an appropriate level of
> imprecision in the tagging, and that this is met by the macrolanguage code alone
> (which is in 639-3 also, as I read it). I'm thinking that this is not so much the
> exception, but a situation that can arise with many other (macro)languages where
> there is no formal standard.
...

I think we're mostly agreed on the need to be able to do this.  The
question that we need to resolve is which of three choices to make:

(1) include the macrolanguage information in the registry and 
reflect it in the encoding of the language tag for the newly-added
languages which are encompassed by a macrolanguage

(2) do not include the macrolanguage information in the encoding
of the language tag, but do include it in the registry so intelligent
matching algorithms can act as though the information had been supplied

(3) do not include the macrolanguage information in the tag encoding,
and do not include it in the registry.

There are other possibilities, but these seem to be the most defensible.
Which of these makes the most sense seems to depend on the use case
one has in mind.  Overstating merely to drive home the point:  The
discussion of Dinka seems to favor (1).  Discussion of Norwegian
leads one to favor (2).  Discussion of Breton leads one to (3).

As co-chair...

At this moment, the discussion seems to favor (1), but it's clear that
we need to work through what we'd want do to the matching specification
before we could declare consensus on this.  If we find that an update
to the matching specification is necessary, we'll need to ask our AD
to get the IESG to add it to our charter.

Randy



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At 00:59 07/10/05, McDonald, Ira wrote:
>Hi,
>
>I object to this whole paragraph.  Because RFC 4646
>*inserted* scripts between the two previously main
>subtags (language and region), Suppress-Script is
>necessary for MANY languages tagged in the future.
>It has nothing to do with an existing body of tagged
>material.

I tend to agree. For me, "tag wisely" means
"don't tag more than necessary", which implies
"don't add script information if it's just plain
obvious what script is being used, in the general case".

Regards,    Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 05 00:40:46 2007
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Martin Duerst scripsit:

> I tend to agree. For me, "tag wisely" means
> "don't tag more than necessary", which implies
> "don't add script information if it's just plain
> obvious what script is being used, in the general case".

"Tag wisely" also means "don't tag less than necessary".

-- 
A mosquito cried out in his pain,               John Cowan
"A chemist has poisoned my brain!"              http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        The cause of his sorrow                 cowan@ccil.org
        Was para-dichloro-
Diphenyltrichloroethane.                                (aka DDT)


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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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> but do believe that if there is a bias in the system to specificity, when=
 specificity is not always the ideal
> approach, then it will inevitably encounter calls for flexibility later.

My opinion is that I don't mind the extra detail.  An application could cho=
ose to ignore that detail if it wasn't warranted in their case, or use it i=
f necessary, but if they don't have the detail available, then they don't h=
ave the option.  (And IMO having the detail as a field in the registry does=
n't count as being readily available)

In truth I don't mind much if we use extlang or not.  To me it makes a litt=
le more sense to have it and I don't see any disadvantages to its presence.

What I would like to see is this question being resolved :)  At some point =
I have to turn any decision/RFC into code for our various products, and I'd=
 like as much time as possible.

- Shawn


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From: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
To: Don Osborn <dzo@bisharat.net>, 'Andrew Cunningham' <lang.support@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 22:14:32 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags
Thread-Topic: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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> but do believe that if there is a bias in the system to specificity, when=
 specificity is not always the ideal
> approach, then it will inevitably encounter calls for flexibility later.

My opinion is that I don't mind the extra detail.  An application could cho=
ose to ignore that detail if it wasn't warranted in their case, or use it i=
f necessary, but if they don't have the detail available, then they don't h=
ave the option.  (And IMO having the detail as a field in the registry does=
n't count as being readily available)

In truth I don't mind much if we use extlang or not.  To me it makes a litt=
le more sense to have it and I don't see any disadvantages to its presence.

What I would like to see is this question being resolved :)  At some point =
I have to turn any decision/RFC into code for our various products, and I'd=
 like as much time as possible.

- Shawn


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From: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
To: John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 22:09:20 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags
Thread-Topic: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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>> * I don't think the Breton example applies.  http-accept-lang allows for
>> "br-FR;fr-FR" type fallback, so that is a solution.  If an application
>> independently wanted to make this assumption that's fine by me, but
>> this seems orthogonal to the problem we're trying to solve here.

>That works for filtering (which is what Accept-Lang does), but not so
>well in practice for lookup.  Normally people don't specify multiple match=
 patterns
>in lookup situations, they just say "I speak Breton, what's the best
>match you have?"

IMO if the user only provides Breton, then any further lookup is the applic=
ation's best guess.  To wildly mangle the analogy, if someone asked for en-=
US, an application could say "gee, a bunch of en-US speakers also know span=
ish, so I'll return es-US if I can't find en-US".  Such decisions might be =
appropriate for some applications and not for others.

I just don't think fallback from Breton to French is appropriate at the reg=
istry/RFC level.  I think its more appropriately decided by the application=
s that might want that fallback.

- Shawn


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From: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
To: John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2007 22:09:20 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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>> * I don't think the Breton example applies.  http-accept-lang allows for
>> "br-FR;fr-FR" type fallback, so that is a solution.  If an application
>> independently wanted to make this assumption that's fine by me, but
>> this seems orthogonal to the problem we're trying to solve here.

>That works for filtering (which is what Accept-Lang does), but not so
>well in practice for lookup.  Normally people don't specify multiple match=
 patterns
>in lookup situations, they just say "I speak Breton, what's the best
>match you have?"

IMO if the user only provides Breton, then any further lookup is the applic=
ation's best guess.  To wildly mangle the analogy, if someone asked for en-=
US, an application could say "gee, a bunch of en-US speakers also know span=
ish, so I'll return es-US if I can't find en-US".  Such decisions might be =
appropriate for some applications and not for others.

I just don't think fallback from Breton to French is appropriate at the reg=
istry/RFC level.  I think its more appropriately decided by the application=
s that might want that fallback.

- Shawn


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To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> (1) [registry and extlang tag]
> (2) [registry only]
> (3) [neither]

AFAIK no one is advocating for case 3; the split is between cases 1 and 2.

> At this moment, the discussion seems to favor (1), but it's clear that
> we need to work through what we'd want do to the matching specification
> before we could declare consensus on this.  If we find that an update
> to the matching specification is necessary, we'll need to ask our AD
> to get the IESG to add it to our charter.

Based on Mark's and Addison's evidence (as discussed in the telcons),
I propose that a new subsection be added to Section 3 of 4647,
explaining how to do matching in the presence of extlang tags (case 1)
or Macrolanguage headers (case 2).

The trouble with directly using the 4647 algorithms is that they will
fall back poorly in case 1, because all other types of subtags will
have been disregarded before the conversion from zh-yue to zh is made.
In case 2, of course, the algorithms will not fall back at all, unless
by a private extension.

Therefore, matchers SHOULD, given a range with a 'yue' language subtag
(case 1), or 'zh-yue' language and extlang subtags (case 2), add to
the range list the corresponding range with the macrolanguage 'zh'.
Likewise, a matcher given a range with a language subtag of 'nn' SHOULD
add to the range list the corresponding range with the macrolanguage
'no', provided the LSR is available.

All this is orthogonal to the question of representation.  I favor 1
over 2 simply because nothing in 4647 MUSTard requires the availability
of the registry, and I'd like to see it stay that way.  (Currently,
matchers are "encouraged", a non-MUSTard term, to use the registry for
canonicalization, and people who create language ranges (as opposed to
matchers) SHOULD NOT include suppressed scripts.)

-- 
The experiences of the past show                John Cowan
that there has always been a discrepancy        cowan@ccil.org
between plans and performance.                  http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --Emperor Hirohito, August 1945


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Oct 07 03:04:38 2007
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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
To: "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Sun, 7 Oct 2007 00:03:48 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags
Thread-Topic: [Ltru] Extended language tags
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But I think Shawn's point is that the Breton/French example doesn't really =
tell us much of anything of interest wrt extlangs -- neither language has a=
ny macrolanguage / extlang issues involved. For Lookup, the best fallback f=
or Dyirbal is probably English; the best fallback for Ainu is Japanese. So?


Peter

-----Original Message-----
From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 8:22 PM
To: Shawn Steele
Cc: ltru@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags

Shawn Steele scripsit:

> * I don't think the Breton example applies.  http-accept-lang allows for
> "br-FR;fr-FR" type fallback, so that is a solution.  If an application
> independently wanted to make this assumption that's fine by me, but
> this seems orthogonal to the problem we're trying to solve here.

That works for filtering (which is what Accept-Lang does), but not so
well in practice for lookup.  Normally people don't specify multiple match =
patterns
in lookup situations, they just say "I speak Breton, what's the best
match you have?"

--
You're a brave man! Go and break through the            John Cowan
lines, and remember while you're out there              cowan@ccil.org
risking life and limb through shot and shell,           http://ccil.org/~co=
wan
we'll be in here thinking what a sucker you are!
        --Rufus T. Firefly


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Oct 07 13:12:53 2007
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I think this is a mis-reading of Mark's example. His presupposition goes 
something like: "suppose Breton had a macrolanguage of Celtic..."

It would be a more effective example, I think, if we used an actual 
enclosed language. I've been writing a long email in response to Shawn's 
(and various responses thereto) that I haven't quite been able to make 
myself send. Part of it includes this rephrasing of the example:

--
Let me rephrase Mark's Breton case: when you want Chippewa, any old 
Ojibwa (its macrolanguage) -- which might be a language such as Ottawa 
-- will not do. It could be unintelligible (I don't actually know). If 
it is unintelligible, you're probably better off *not* mapping Chippewa 
to Ojibwa. You're better off serving some useful default (for Chippewa, 
this is probably English, but the default is up to the application, not 
something RFC 4647 or the registry do). Or the app could fail to find 
content.
--

When considered like this, the Breton vs. French example is more useful. 
Otherwise it is pointless.

Addison

Peter Constable wrote:
> But I think Shawn's point is that the Breton/French example doesn't really tell us much of anything of interest wrt extlangs -- neither language has any macrolanguage / extlang issues involved. For Lookup, the best fallback for Dyirbal is probably English; the best fallback for Ainu is Japanese. So?
> 
> 
> Peter
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> Sent: Thursday, October 04, 2007 8:22 PM
> To: Shawn Steele
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags
> 
> Shawn Steele scripsit:
> 
>> * I don't think the Breton example applies.  http-accept-lang allows for
>> "br-FR;fr-FR" type fallback, so that is a solution.  If an application
>> independently wanted to make this assumption that's fine by me, but
>> this seems orthogonal to the problem we're trying to solve here.
> 
> That works for filtering (which is what Accept-Lang does), but not so
> well in practice for lookup.  Normally people don't specify multiple match patterns
> in lookup situations, they just say "I speak Breton, what's the best
> match you have?"
> 
> --
> You're a brave man! Go and break through the            John Cowan
> lines, and remember while you're out there              cowan@ccil.org
> risking life and limb through shot and shell,           http://ccil.org/~cowan
> we'll be in here thinking what a sucker you are!
>         --Rufus T. Firefly
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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(warning: this is a long screed, which, now that I've alluded to it on 
list--and even quoted from the abominable thing-- I may as well share, 
even though I'll probably think better of it in about an hour when the 
responses start to arrive)

Shawn Steele wrote:
> 
>         * We (the bigger software ecosystem we, tools, etc) have encouraged use of zh-HK, etc for labeling both Mandarin and Cantonese.  Whatever happens in the future a large number of legacy documents, both Manderin and Cantonese, will be labeled with the existing language tag.

Not exactly. "We" have (at least historically) abused the tags "zh-HK"
and "zh-TW" to represent Traditional Chinese and ignored the
Cantonese/Mandarin split (which is possible if one only means written
content, which historically has composed most of the material in our
information systems and on the Web).

More recently, language tags have allowed for direct tagging of these
differences as "zh-Hant" and "zh-Hans" (Traditional vs. Simplified)
allowing TW and HK to represent regional differences (there are regional
preferential differences, even in written texts, even when ignoring the
Cantonese/Mandarin split--we encounter these at Yahoo!, for example). It
is unclear how quickly the transition to these subtags is proceeding.
Some user-agents don't support these tags yet.

With the advent of audio and visual content in particular, tagging all
Chinese as 'zh' becomes less useful (at least for those cases), since we
suddenly find applications for which we need to describe specific spoken
variations not captured by 'zh' and not directly discernible from the
region subtag.

I note that Chinese *may* be a special case, in comparison to others, in
which we have very large document bases in a variety of Sinitic
languages tagged with a wide variety of regional subtags representing
something other than regional variations. Other macro languages don't
exhibit this sort or range of imputed meaning.

For example, the Arabic "sub-languages" are mostly regionally based, so
one might very well consider 'arz' (Egyptian Arabic) to be a synonym for
"ar-EG" (Arabic as used in Egypt). Of course, some of the other Arabic
languages don't map so closely to modern nation-states... for the
record, I oppose assigning "secret handshake" meaning to region subtags.
Explicit subtags seem to work better. [Yes, there really are regional
differences, for which region subtags are good, even when the region
where the language is spoken leaks over borders a bit.]

> 
>         * Whether or not yue or zh-yue was used, it is a change from the current label (in most cases).  It seems that in nearly all cases this will require a code change.  In particular applications that want to include zh-HK in lists containing zh-cmn-HK or cmn-HK will need extra awareness.

It requires tag changes to indicate things with more precision, yes.
Nothing says that we might not have continued use of the existing tags;
indeed, I would be surprised by a wholesale conversion over to the new
scheme (whatever it is). Most people won't "get the message" for awhile.
And sometimes the additional specificity doesn't matter ('zh' is
perfectly good for many written documents). However, for many
applications where content labeling can be controlled, converting over
makes life easier. For Chinese in particular, I expect a pretty messy
tagging situation to persist for quite some time (since we have
overlapping levels of imputed meaning in region subtags and elsewhere).

For other languages, a messy situation may not be necessary. Arabic
probably doesn't *require* extlangs, although that may be my parochial
perspective. While Andrew and Don point out the usefulness of deliberate
vagaries in tagging, mightn't we be just as well be served by tagging
"generic" Dinka documents (for example) as 'din' and specific Dinka
documents as, for example, 'dib' or 'dik'? Again, the question here
seems to depend on whether tags or ranges are what matter most.

> 
>         * I don't think the Breton example applies.  http-accept-lang allows for "br-FR;fr-FR" type fallback, so that is a solution.  If an application independently wanted to make this assumption that's fine by me, but this seems orthogonal to the problem we're trying to solve here.

I agree that this fallback case is valid as a use-case for language
priority lists, but not for language tags. But I think this misses the
point. It is quoted without Mark's preamble, in which he posits Breton
as a sublanguage of Welsh. Mark is using it more as a parable to
illustrate the extlang case, not as an example-in-fact.

Let me rephrase Mark's Breton case: when you want Chippewa, any old
Ojibwa (its macrolanguage), which might be a language such as Ottawa,
will not do. It is unintelligible (maybe: I don't actually know in this
case). If it is unintelligible, you're probably better off *not* mapping
Chippewa to Ojibwa. You're better off serving some useful default (for
Chippewa, this is probably English, but is up to the application, not
something RFC 4647 or the LSR do) or even failing.

The counter-example would be the ietf-languages adventure in Norwegian
tagging. Were we better off when Norwegian was represented by the older
registered values (which are quite extlang like, eh?):

   no-nyn
   no-bok

Than by the codes:

   nn
   nb
   no

Things certainly were easier when 'no' meant generic Norwegian (which,
it turns out, tends to be 'nb') and Nynorsk could be represented
extlang/variant-like. In code that deals with Norwegian language tags
today (as well as other odd cases, such as the mistaken 'he'/'iw' pair),
you often have this irksome special mapping table of the (what would be)
sublanguage codes to its macrolanguage, which is what we "mean". But you
can't eat/change the original subtag---other processors might interpret
or map the codes differently or be able to serve specific resources
tailored to the original request. This is a flaw in the no-extlang case
and why Mark and others have insisted that Macrolanguage becomes an
important piece of information in the registry.

> 
>         * Lots of zh data right now is zh-cmn.  Most of "us" seem to agree that we can't narrow the meaning of zh because it does allow Cantonese.  However if some application wanted to make an assumption that zh == zh-cmn, then that seems up to the application for fallback.

Agreed. More to the point, the "zh" tag encompasses a resource
containing *some* (which is to say, exactly ONE) variety of Chinese. It
is probably also Simplified Chinese, for example--it certainly can't be
both Simplified and Traditional.

But you can't make that assumption safely! There are also differences in
(for example) the accepted level of English word borrowing between (say)
Taiwan and HK, etc. "zh" embodies the least common denominator, which
may not be very common in certain circumstances (if you're talking about
our HK web site, 'zh' probably means content that could be tagged
"zh-yue-Hant-HK", whereas I'm pretty sure other sites or applications
would prefer it to be pretty similar to the stuff that could be tagged
"zh-cmn-Hans-CN"). Heck, when I started my internationalization career,
'zh' meant Traditional, because many of us did business in Taiwan and
hardly anyone in the PRC. Now 'zh' mostly "means" Simplified.

> 
>         * Even for the current tags, many of the people in the teleconference seem to extend RFC 4647 in ways that are best for them.  Strict use of 4647 behavior seems rare.  It seems reasonable to me to expect that in the future people may continue to do so and that RFC 4647 and the registry can only provide guidelines.  I don't think that it can solve all problems for all applications, and I'm fine with that.

I disagree. RFC 4647 is fine for many purposes. I'm proposing,
if we do extlangs, a small modification due to finding a slightly better
version of just one algorithm (lookup).

I think our ideal goal would be for RFC 4647 matching schemes to work
fully for everyone for the scope they are designed for.

We might make one or other tweak to the document and possibly the
algorithms based on further testing. For now, the existing schemes
mostly work. They exhibit varying impact on tag and range choice in
either extlang or no-extlang clothes.

I disagree that you have to have far more complex matching systems in
all cases. Yes, there are use cases that call for more complex systems.
But most low-level users have no need of these elaborations. For basic
protocols, I think we would prefer the simplest possible algorithms that
produce mostly the right results. Locale systems, for example, are based
on lookup (well, more like lookup is based on them), and they produce
meaningful results for resource lookup pretty reliably. I have a concern
that lookup work well, because I have a vested interest in the continued
good behavior of systems such as CLDR, which use and depend on these
simplest possible matching systems, such as lookup.

So we can change the algorithm or "change" the (as yet undefined) tags,
which is what is suggested as the other route.

> 
> So from these points, my conclusion is that the zh-cmn form is preferable.
> 
> My reasoning is that either cmn by itself or zh-cmn will require code change in nearly all cases, either to include or exclude existing data or fallback rules.   Either was will require a code change, and either way may require knowledge that zh-HK might be interesting if the request is for {Mandarin tag}-HK.  Searching may need to include zh files for {Manderin tag} queries and exclude them for {Cantonese tag} queries, but the actual tag doesn't really change this logic.  Neither variation is likely to work with existing code when the request is for the new name and the data is tagged with the old tag.
> 
> The deciding factor for me is that to know that cmn is related to zh I'd have to look in the registry, but zh-cmn contains that 
information.  Otherwise I don't really see advantages with either method.

The question is: do we want to do this for all time? Or can we help
people migrate and just get started on the migration? Yes, retagging
with "yue-HK" is a PITA, but so is retagging with "zh-yue-HK". If we
have to convince folks to retag their data anyway, what is the best
solution/most sensible?

The benefit to extlang partially comes from the expectation that the 
tags will be changed but users won't update their ranges. For that case, 
you can switch to extended filtering and a slightly modified lookup and 
use extlangs and go about your business. Of course, you have to explain
these fairly complex tags to the Chinese...... (and Arabic, Dinka, 
Quechua, Zapotec, and etc. speakers)

On the other hand, if you go with primary language subtags for everyone,
you are expecting that users will change or augment their language
priority lists (i.e. "yue-HK; zh-HK") to deal with un-retagged data or
provide alternate lookup tables in your implementations. Matching
algorithms do not change, but tags eventually have to catch up for the
majority of documents or there is (probably quite icky) tagging chaos.

So, for me, the main issue is whether we are going to explicitly break 
the connection between the language and its macrolanguage (at the tag
level). In some cases (Norwegian) we already know this can be 
problematic; in others, it may actually be desirable.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.





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Date: Mon, 8 Oct 2007 10:15:57 +1000
From: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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On 08/10/2007, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:

>
> So, for me, the main issue is whether we are going to explicitly break
> the connection between the language and its macrolanguage (at the tag
> level). In some cases (Norwegian) we already know this can be
> problematic; in others, it may actually be desirable.
>

It probably comes down to philosophical differences.

So, cutting to the chase, which way forward?

Andrew


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Date: Sun, 7 Oct 2007 17:40:33 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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I think what might help is for us to draw up in detail what the matching
algorithms (changes to 4747) would be like in either of the two proposals,
and look at what happens with different cases 'ar', 'zh', 'no', and others.

Mark

On 10/7/07, Andrew Cunningham <lang.support@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> On 08/10/2007, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>
> >
> > So, for me, the main issue is whether we are going to explicitly break
> > the connection between the language and its macrolanguage (at the tag
> > level). In some cases (Norwegian) we already know this can be
> > problematic; in others, it may actually be desirable.
> >
>
> It probably comes down to philosophical differences.
>
> So, cutting to the chase, which way forward?
>
> Andrew
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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I think what might help is for us to draw up in detail what the matching algorithms (changes to 4747) would be like in either of the two proposals, and look at what happens with different cases &#39;ar&#39;, &#39;zh&#39;, &#39;no&#39;, and others.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/7/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Andrew Cunningham</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:lang.support@gmail.com">lang.support@gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
On 08/10/2007, Addison Phillips &lt;<a href="mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com">addison@yahoo-inc.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br><br>&gt;<br>&gt; So, for me, the main issue is whether we are going to explicitly break<br>&gt; the connection between the language and its macrolanguage (at the tag
<br>&gt; level). In some cases (Norwegian) we already know this can be<br>&gt; problematic; in others, it may actually be desirable.<br>&gt;<br><br>It probably comes down to philosophical differences.<br><br>So, cutting to the chase, which way forward?
<br><br>Andrew<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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I would say:

1. With Extlangs.

- change to filtering: none, but you probably want to use extended 
filtering instead of basic filtering (i.e. "zh-Hant-HK" matches 
"zh-yue-Hant-HK" and "zh-cmn-Hant-HK")

- change to lookup: treat extlang as atomic with the primary language 
subtag; potentially loop-back through the subtags. That is, given the 
range "zh-yue-Hant-HK", the fallback pattern is this:

  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  (default)

Or this:

  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  (default)

2. Without extlangs.

- change to filtering: none

- change to lookup: none

BUT... you want to include the macro language in your ranges in some 
cases. Alternatively, we would have to define new filtering and lookup 
options that include mapping to macrolanguages. For example, with the 
range "yue-Hant-HK", you would want the fallback to be:

  yue-Hant-HK
  yue-Hant
  yue
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  (default)

This can be achieved either by having the language priority list 
"yue-Hant-HK;zh-Hant-HK" or by inferring it using registry data about 
macro languages.

A similar case can be made for filtering.

Addison

Mark Davis wrote:
> I think what might help is for us to draw up in detail what the matching 
> algorithms (changes to 4747) would be like in either of the two 
> proposals, and look at what happens with different cases 'ar', 'zh', 
> 'no', and others.
> 
> Mark
> 
> On 10/7/07, *Andrew Cunningham* <lang.support@gmail.com 
> <mailto:lang.support@gmail.com>> wrote:
> 
>     On 08/10/2007, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com
>     <mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com>> wrote:
> 
>      >
>      > So, for me, the main issue is whether we are going to explicitly
>     break
>      > the connection between the language and its macrolanguage (at the
>     tag
>      > level). In some cases (Norwegian) we already know this can be
>      > problematic; in others, it may actually be desirable.
>      >
> 
>     It probably comes down to philosophical differences.
> 
>     So, cutting to the chase, which way forward?
> 
>     Andrew
> 
> 
>     _______________________________________________
>     Ltru mailing list
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-- 
Addison Phillips
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Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Randy Presuhn wrote:
=20
> Thoughts?

Wrt 639-2 languages I agree with what Ira, Mark, and Martin wrote.

For the new 639-3 languages I see the logistical review problem,
but I don't think that your "date-A cutoff" proposal is a good solution.

 Frank



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Subject: [Ltru] Small and embarassing discovery of today
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There have been many discussions here about the matching of language
tags by applications and wether an application asked about 'oc-prv'
will find texts tagged with 'prv' if 'prv' is an extlang of the
macro-language 'oc'.

Several opinions expressed here have assumed that all authors have
read the RFC before coding, that all applications are carefully
written and well tested.

This may be true of big and visible applications like major Web
browsers. But there are also a lof of small and hastily written
applications that are less important but more numerous. I just
discovered a bug into an application I wrote (so I cannot put the
blame on a co-worker). Written in Python, a test said:

language = string.lower(tree.attrib.get('{http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace}lang'))
if language != 'fr': # Specific rules for French texts

And the application failed to detect a 'fr-CA' text.

[For the record, the correct form should have been:
if language[0:1] != 'fr':
]

The moral? We should IMHO, stick with very simple rules because most
applications will not implement the complicated ones, anyway.

A similar case in the IETF is IPv6. My experience with IPv6 deployment
is that, yes, big and visible applications like the Linux kernel have
a working IPv6 support. But most of the software ecosystem (firewalls
generators, log parsers, even Palm Pilot IP address calculators) still
do not.




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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 08 10:16:28 2007
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To: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

>  zh-yue-Hant-HK
>  zh-yue-Hant
>  zh-yue
>  zh-Hant-HK
>  zh-Hant
>  zh
>  (default)

This is equivalent to what I proposed: the matching engine should note
that "zh-yue-Hant-HK" has an extlang, and add "zh-Hant-HK" to the list
of language ranges immediately after it.

>  yue-Hant-HK
>  yue-Hant
>  yue
>  zh-Hant-HK
>  zh-Hant
>  zh
>  (default)

This likewise is equivalent: if "yue-Hant-HK" is in the list, add
"zh-Hant-HK" after it.

-- 
Even the best of friends cannot                 John Cowan
attend each others' funeral.                    cowan@ccil.org
        --Kehlog Albran, The Profit             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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Short answer to a short question - go for language groups (tag =20
languages in groups which make sense and require little or no =20
explaining), rather than inventing confusing concepts and naming them =20=

"extlang", "macrolanguage", which, at least to date, seem to beg more =20=

questions than they can answer.
mg

On 8 Oct 2007, at 00:15, scr=EDobh Andrew Cunningham:

> On 08/10/2007, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>>
>> So, for me, the main issue is whether we are going to explicitly =20
>> break
>> the connection between the language and its macrolanguage (at the tag
>> level). In some cases (Norwegian) we already know this can be
>> problematic; in others, it may actually be desirable.
>>
>
> It probably comes down to philosophical differences.
>
> So, cutting to the chase, which way forward?
>
> Andrew

- -
Marion Gunn * EGTeo (Estab.1991)
27 P=E1irc an Fh=E9ithlinn, Baile an
Bh=F3thair, Co. =C1tha Cliath, =C9ire.
* mgunn@egt.ie * eamonn@egt.ie *



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John Cowan wrote:
> 
>>  zh-yue-Hant-HK
>>  zh-yue-Hant
>>  zh-yue
>>  zh-Hant-HK
>>  zh-Hant
>>  zh
>>  (default)
> 
> This is equivalent to what I proposed: the matching engine should note
> that "zh-yue-Hant-HK" has an extlang, and add "zh-Hant-HK" to the list
> of language ranges immediately after it.
> 
>>  yue-Hant-HK
>>  yue-Hant
>>  yue
>>  zh-Hant-HK
>>  zh-Hant
>>  zh
>>  (default)
> 
> This likewise is equivalent: if "yue-Hant-HK" is in the list, add
> "zh-Hant-HK" after it.
> 

They are equivalent *functionally*, but not equivalent in some other 
important ways. Notably: the first version uses only information 
embedded in the tags themselves. The second requires the registry. The 
first version requires code changes in the lookup algorithm. The second 
requires changes to the user's language priority list.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 08 11:58:41 2007
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> They are equivalent *functionally*, but not equivalent in some other 
> important ways. Notably: the first version uses only information 
> embedded in the tags themselves. The second requires the registry. The 
> first version requires code changes in the lookup algorithm. The second 
> requires changes to the user's language priority list.

Sorry, I cut too much context.  I was saying that extending the user's
priority list is equivalent to making changes to the actual algorithms,
and is less intrusive, because if an older implementation does not
provide this extension, the user can do so instead.  This is so
under either the extlang or the no-extlang scheme.

-- 
John Cowan    http://ccil.org/~cowan    cowan@ccil.org
Mr. Henry James writes fiction as if it were a painful duty.  --Oscar Wilde


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On Mon, Oct 08, 2007 at 04:14:58PM +0200,
 Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote 
 a message of 40 lines which said:

> [For the record, the correct form should have been:
> if language[0:1] != 'fr':
> ]

Ooops, as noted by Addison Phillips, this should be:

if language[0:2] != "fr-":

Otherwise, language tag 'frr' (northern frisian) would match :-( Shame
on me.


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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> If we bake it in, then every simple algorithm will in practice 
> automatically fall back from Cantonese to Mandarin, fall back from 
> Dari to Persian, fall back from Khetrani to Lahnda -- and in doing so, 
> strip the script and country information.

As I've said countless times before:  If we're going to assume that 
simple, remove-from-right algorithms are the order of the day, then we 
are wasting our time and everyone else's by contemplating an update to 
RFC 4647.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
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There is reason to look at how the two different macrolanguage models in
affect 4647. If the primary reason cited for the extlang model is
compatibility, then we have to see what effects each model has on commonly
used matching functions, which is where the rubber hits the road.

Mark

On 10/8/07, Doug Ewell <dewell@roadrunner.com> wrote:
>
> Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:
>
> > If we bake it in, then every simple algorithm will in practice
> > automatically fall back from Cantonese to Mandarin, fall back from
> > Dari to Persian, fall back from Khetrani to Lahnda -- and in doing so,
> > strip the script and country information.
>
> As I've said countless times before:  If we're going to assume that
> simple, remove-from-right algorithms are the order of the day, then we
> are wasting our time and everyone else's by contemplating an update to
> RFC 4647.
>
> --
> Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
> http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
> http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
> http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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There is reason to look at how the two different macrolanguage models in affect 4647. If the primary reason cited for the extlang model is compatibility, then we have to see what effects each model has on commonly used matching functions, which is where the rubber hits the road.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/8/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Doug Ewell</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com">dewell@roadrunner.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Mark Davis &lt;mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org&gt; wrote:<br><br>&gt; If we bake it in, then every simple algorithm will in practice<br>&gt; automatically fall back from Cantonese to Mandarin, fall back from<br>
&gt; Dari to Persian, fall back from Khetrani to Lahnda -- and in doing so,<br>&gt; strip the script and country information.<br><br>As I&#39;ve said countless times before:&nbsp;&nbsp;If we&#39;re going to assume that<br>simple, remove-from-right algorithms are the order of the day, then we
<br>are wasting our time and everyone else&#39;s by contemplating an update to<br>RFC 4647.<br><br>--<br>Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14<br><a href="http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/">http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
</a><br><a href="http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html">http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html</a><br><a href="http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages">http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
</a><br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 08 20:52:39 2007
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Shawn Steele <Shawn dot Steele at microsoft dot com> wrote:

> * Even for the current tags, many of the people in the teleconference 
> seem to extend RFC 4647 in ways that are best for them.  Strict use of 
> 4647 behavior seems rare.  It seems reasonable to me to expect that in 
> the future people may continue to do so and that RFC 4647 and the 
> registry can only provide guidelines.

I agree with the part about RFC 4647, but not the Registry, at least not 
in blanket terms.

The Registry contains some fields that are normative and some that are 
informative.  For the informative stuff, say Suppress-Script, it's very 
reasonable to expect that some people will ignore the warnings and write 
"en-Latn", and all we can do is tell them they shouldn't.  But anyone 
who uses the normative data in a "non-strict" way is tagging 
incorrectly.  This might include things like using "eng" for English 
(ISO 639-2 code) or "jp" for Japanese (by false analogy with 'JP" for 
Japan).

Shawn probably did not mean what I took his comment to mean.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 08 20:58:14 2007
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Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:

> At this moment, the discussion seems to favor (1)

Hard to say.  I think at this moment there are more contributors who 
favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the 
co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 08 21:11:38 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
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Hi -

As co-chair...

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Monday, October 08, 2007 5:57 PM
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
>
> Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:
> 
> > At this moment, the discussion seems to favor (1)
> 
> Hard to say.  I think at this moment there are more contributors who 
> favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the 
> co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.
...

No, it does not.  Editors do the bidding of the WG, see
RFC 2418 clause 6.3.  As such they are *not* given special
consideration in the determination of working group consensus.

Randy
ltru co-chair





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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 08 21:15:11 2007
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> The question is: do we want to do this for all time? Or can we help 
> people migrate and just get started on the migration? Yes, retagging 
> with "yue-HK" is a PITA, but so is retagging with "zh-yue-HK".

But retagging from "zh-HK" to "zh-yue-HK" isn't strictly necessary. 
It's a matter of providing additional information: "This is not just any 
old Chinese, this is specifically Cantonese."

If the new tag is "yue-HK", then it becomes more necessary to retag the 
data, because no matching algorithm can match "yue-HK" with "zh" unless 
it has access to (a copy of) the Registry.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 08 22:34:01 2007
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Dear Stephane,

>> [For the record, the correct form should have been:
>> if language[0:1] != 'fr':
>> ]
>>     
>
> Ooops, as noted by Addison Phillips, this should be:
>
> if language[0:2] != "fr-":
>
>   

Shouldn't that be?

if language != 'fr' and language[0:2] != 'fr-' :


since a tag can just be 'fr'.

It gets harder and harder and that's just a simple comparison.

And we can't even decide how to advise people to tag text in a language.
Guys if we don't know what hope do we have of teaching others?

Yours,
Martin Hosken


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 04:56:35 2007
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Doug Ewell wrote:
=20
> The Registry contains some fields that are normative and some that are =

> informative.  For the informative stuff, say Suppress-Script, it's =
very=20
> reasonable to expect that some people will ignore the warnings and =
write=20
> "en-Latn", and all we can do is tell them they shouldn't.

No, Suppress-Script is not only "informative", it got some normative
SHOULD rules in BCP 47.  These rules aren't mandatory / required
MUSTard, but still normative.

ITYM that the Suppress-Script field isn't guaranteed to be "stable",=20
but it's not "informative" like say Comment or Added.

 Frank



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On Tue, Oct 09, 2007 at 09:32:04AM +0700,
 Martin Hosken <martin_hosken@sil.org> wrote 
 a message of 27 lines which said:

> Shouldn't that be?
> 
> if language != 'fr' and language[0:2] != 'fr-' :

Yes, I'll stop patching this program, I introduce one more bug each
time :-( 

> And we can't even decide how to advise people to tag text in a language.
> Guys if we don't know what hope do we have of teaching others?

I'm probably not the best programmer on this list, as everyone can see
:-( But that was precisely my point. Many programmers are even worse
than me and will make similar mistakes. 

The odds of complicated matching being properly implemented are low,
IMHO.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 09:47:30 2007
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Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:

>> Hard to say.  I think at this moment there are more contributors who 
>> favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the 
>> co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.
>
> No, it does not.  Editors do the bidding of the WG, see RFC 2418 
> clause 6.3.  As such they are *not* given special consideration in the 
> determination of working group consensus.

But they might well be given special consideration by other list members 
who haven't made up their minds yet.  I would guess that with the small 
number of people solidly on one side or the other, the battle for the 
"undecided" bloc will be important.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 09:59:20 2007
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> The Registry contains some fields that are normative and some that 
>> are informative.  For the informative stuff, say Suppress-Script, 
>> it's very reasonable to expect that some people will ignore the 
>> warnings and write "en-Latn", and all we can do is tell them they 
>> shouldn't.
>
> No, Suppress-Script is not only "informative", it got some normative 
> SHOULD rules in BCP 47.  These rules aren't mandatory / required 
> MUSTard, but still normative.
>
> ITYM that the Suppress-Script field isn't guaranteed to be "stable", 
> but it's not "informative" like say Comment or Added.

I must not be a good enough RFC 2119 language lawyer to understand this. 
I thought MUST was normative, and SHOULD and MAY were non-normative. 
It's hard for me to see how "the full implications must be understood 
and carefully weighed," in the RFC 2119 definition of SHOULD, can be 
applied in a normative sense.

I note that RFC 4646 contains a lot of MUSTard, but almost no direct 
references to fields or behaviors being "normative" or "informative."

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 10:26:53 2007
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Date: Tue, 9 Oct 2007 10:26:23 -0400
To: Doug Ewell <dewell@roadrunner.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Informative (was: Extended language tags)
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> I must not be a good enough RFC 2119 language lawyer to understand this. 
> I thought MUST was normative, and SHOULD and MAY were non-normative. 

I think that's a misunderstanding of "normative".  MUST, SHOULD, and
MAY all represent norms, they are just different kinds of norms, about
required, recommended, and optional behavior respectively.  A statement
in an RFC such as "A client MAY provide a CRC-32 checksum" means that it
is conformant either to provide the checksum or to omit it; no server
may complain in either case of a violation of the protocol.  This is
normatively defined behavior (or lack of behavior) on the server's part.

Informative content, on the other hand, is historical, exemplary,
explanatory, or the like.

By this standard, the Type, Subtag, Tag, Prefix, Preferred-Value,
and Suppress-Script fields are normative; the Description, Added,
Deprecated, Comments, and File-Date fields are informative.

-- 
Where the wombat has walked,            John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
it will inevitably walk again.          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 14:47:11 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
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Hi -

As co-chair...

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 6:45 AM
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
>
> Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:
> 
> >> Hard to say.  I think at this moment there are more contributors who 
> >> favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the 
> >> co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.
> >
> > No, it does not.  Editors do the bidding of the WG, see RFC 2418 
> > clause 6.3.  As such they are *not* given special consideration in the 
> > determination of working group consensus.
> 
> But they might well be given special consideration by other list members 
> who haven't made up their minds yet.

This would be a bad thing.  RFC 2418 is abundantly clear that document
editors do not enjoy any special privileges in determining WG consensus.
Sometimes editors happen to be experts in the topic, sometimes they are not.
But if a WG starts giving their voices more weight merely because they
happen to be editors, something is seriously wrong.

>  I would guess that with the small 
> number of people solidly on one side or the other, the battle for the 
> "undecided" bloc will be important.

Perhaps, though the undecided have little import for a determination
of rough consensus.  At some point Martin and I will have to make
a determination of consensus.  It's clear that none of the options
will make everyone happy.  It's possible that none of the options
will make anyone happy in the long run.  Since there has been so little
in the way of new information or arguments in this discussion,
I think Martin and I will just have to pick one, based on the opinions
expressed on this list so far, since few new voices seem to be joining
in to express a preference.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 14:58:49 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Informative (was: Extended language tags)
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Hi -

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 6:56 AM
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Informative (was: Extended language tags)
...
> I must not be a good enough RFC 2119 language lawyer to understand this. 
> I thought MUST was normative, and SHOULD and MAY were non-normative.

No.  If language is relevant to determining whether an implementation
conforms to a specification, it is normative.  Specifying something as
an option does NOT make it non-normative.  In general, "informative"
material is stuff that can be removed from a specification without
changing any implementation requirements.  "SHOULDs" and "MAYs"
obviously do not fall into that category - they are normative language.

> It's hard for me to see how "the full implications must be understood 
> and carefully weighed," in the RFC 2119 definition of SHOULD, can be 
> applied in a normative sense.

The fact that a particular feature is OPTIONAL doesn't make that part
of the specification "informative".  Think snow tires.  They may be
optional in some areas, but when you do get them, you want them to
fit your car's rims and behave as specified.

> I note that RFC 4646 contains a lot of MUSTard, but almost no direct 
> references to fields or behaviors being "normative" or "informative."

"informative" material should be used sparingly in a specification,
because folks have an unfortunate tendency to confuse an illustration
or example with the specification itself.

Randy



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To: Doug Ewell <dewell@roadrunner.com>, LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 15:40:42 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Informative
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Randy Presuhn wrote:
> 
>> I note that RFC 4646 contains a lot of MUSTard, but almost no direct 
>> references to fields or behaviors being "normative" or "informative."
> 
> "informative" material should be used sparingly in a specification,
> because folks have an unfortunate tendency to confuse an illustration
> or example with the specification itself.
> 

More to the point: the normative language associated with 
Suppress-Script in draft-08 of 4646bis is limited to two cases:

1. Directions for the handling of registrations of Suppress-Script 
and/or its appearance in the registry.

2. (Repeatedly) indicate that its appearance in the registry means that 
users SHOULD NOT use the associated script with the associated language. 
  At least one counter-example is given. These normative instructions 
are always directed at the issue of tag choice. That is, there are no 
conformance criteria for tag processors because that would be inappropriate.

This means that it is a normative field. But this normative information 
does not apply to (for example) conformance criteria for software 
implementations of RFC 4646/4646bis.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 15:49:51 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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Shawn Steele wrote:
> Your 1) & 2) don't have the same functionality.  If you don't change the lookup for 2), 
 >  then you don't get the behavior that your changed lookup
 > in 1) provided.
> 
> Changing a language priority list in 2) does count as a change. 

Yes. This is the Norwegian case I cited elsewhere: you have to have 
"special" or "secret" information in order to perform the complete 
lookup. Which is a pain.

However... we aren't *required* to make a change to the algorithm 
itself. We could just pretend that everyone is done with their retagging 
:-).

> This doesn't help a "new" web app talking to an "old" client that 
 > hasn't been updated, for example.  In order to solve that
 > you have to infer the matching suggested, which I think is
 > simpler with 1).

Yes.

> 
> Note that your solution in 2) could be used if you felt it was simpler:
 >   zh-yue-Hant-HK;zh-Hant-HK
 > could be used to solve 1) as well, but with 1) you have more options.

No: this is why the modification is necessary. The first fallback, 
without the change goes:

  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  zh        <-- wrong result, possibly similar to zh-Hans-CN, returned)
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  (default)

I'm not saying that (1) is a bad option. It works for me. I'm just 
trying to make the cases clear.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 16:24:17 2007
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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
To: <ltru@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply) - portuguese
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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "Shawn Steele" <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
> To: "Andrew Cunningham" <lang.support@gmail.com>; "Addison Phillips" <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
> Cc: <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 1:14 PM
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply) - portuguese
...
> I do have one other concern that neither suggest addresses directly:
> My understanding (possibly incorrect) is that Brazilian Portuguese
> and Portuguese Portuguese are different enough to require different
> localizations.  Labeling them pt-BR and pt-PT are fine, except that
> if I end up with pt-MZ how do I find the best match?
...

Not our problem.  :-)

But seriously, this is exactly the same kind of problem as worries the
folks who don't like macrolangauge/extlang constructs; there are cases
where the results of remove-from-right heuristics won't always be helpful
in all situations.

Randy




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Date: Tue, 9 Oct 2007 13:40:18 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
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First off, I agree with Andy that the editor's contributions should be
judged on technical merit, just like everyone else's.

As far as a conclusion goes. Any judgment of consensus at this point is
premature. We are increasing the size of the registry by a huge margin, and
considering whether to add a significant piece of architecture: it is more
important that this revision be correctly designed than that it meet some
arbitrary deadline. I think that the telecons have been valuable for
bringing out the issues, and we already planned for another this week. As
long as we are making progress with that, we should continue. It is useful
when the chairs could make that meeting: Randy's been to one of them.
Martin, is that time too difficult for you?

Mark

On 10/9/07, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote:
>
> Hi -
>
> As co-chair...
>
> > From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> > To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 6:45 AM
> > Subject: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
> >
> > Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:
> >
> > >> Hard to say.  I think at this moment there are more contributors who
> > >> favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the
> > >> co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.
> > >
> > > No, it does not.  Editors do the bidding of the WG, see RFC 2418
> > > clause 6.3.  As such they are *not* given special consideration in the
> > > determination of working group consensus.
> >
> > But they might well be given special consideration by other list members
> > who haven't made up their minds yet.
>
> This would be a bad thing.  RFC 2418 is abundantly clear that document
> editors do not enjoy any special privileges in determining WG consensus.
> Sometimes editors happen to be experts in the topic, sometimes they are
> not.
> But if a WG starts giving their voices more weight merely because they
> happen to be editors, something is seriously wrong.
>
> >  I would guess that with the small
> > number of people solidly on one side or the other, the battle for the
> > "undecided" bloc will be important.
>
> Perhaps, though the undecided have little import for a determination
> of rough consensus.  At some point Martin and I will have to make
> a determination of consensus.  It's clear that none of the options
> will make everyone happy.  It's possible that none of the options
> will make anyone happy in the long run.  Since there has been so little
> in the way of new information or arguments in this discussion,
> I think Martin and I will just have to pick one, based on the opinions
> expressed on this list so far, since few new voices seem to be joining
> in to express a preference.
>
> Randy
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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First off, I agree with Andy that the editor&#39;s contributions should be judged on technical merit, just like everyone else&#39;s.<br><br>As far as a conclusion goes. Any judgment of consensus at this point is premature. We are increasing the size of the registry by a huge margin, and considering whether to add a significant piece of architecture: it is more important that this revision be correctly designed than that it meet some arbitrary deadline.  I think that the telecons have been valuable for bringing out the issues, and we already planned for another this week. As long as we are making progress with that, we should continue. It is useful when the chairs could make that meeting: Randy&#39;s been to one of them. Martin, is that time too difficult for you?
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/9/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Randy Presuhn</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">randy_presuhn@mindspring.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Hi -<br><br>As co-chair...<br><br>&gt; From: &quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com">dewell@roadrunner.com</a>&gt;<br>&gt; To: &quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org
</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 6:45 AM<br>&gt; Subject: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Randy Presuhn &lt;randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com&gt; wrote:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &gt;&gt; Hard to say.&nbsp;&nbsp;I think at this moment there are more contributors who
<br>&gt; &gt;&gt; favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the<br>&gt; &gt;&gt; co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.<br>&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; No, it does not.&nbsp;&nbsp;Editors do the bidding of the WG, see RFC 2418
<br>&gt; &gt; clause 6.3.&nbsp;&nbsp;As such they are *not* given special consideration in the<br>&gt; &gt; determination of working group consensus.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; But they might well be given special consideration by other list members
<br>&gt; who haven&#39;t made up their minds yet.<br><br>This would be a bad thing.&nbsp;&nbsp;RFC 2418 is abundantly clear that document<br>editors do not enjoy any special privileges in determining WG consensus.<br>Sometimes editors happen to be experts in the topic, sometimes they are not.
<br>But if a WG starts giving their voices more weight merely because they<br>happen to be editors, something is seriously wrong.<br><br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;I would guess that with the small<br>&gt; number of people solidly on one side or the other, the battle for the
<br>&gt; &quot;undecided&quot; bloc will be important.<br><br>Perhaps, though the undecided have little import for a determination<br>of rough consensus.&nbsp;&nbsp;At some point Martin and I will have to make<br>a determination of consensus.&nbsp;&nbsp;It&#39;s clear that none of the options
<br>will make everyone happy.&nbsp;&nbsp;It&#39;s possible that none of the options<br>will make anyone happy in the long run.&nbsp;&nbsp;Since there has been so little<br>in the way of new information or arguments in this discussion,<br>I think Martin and I will just have to pick one, based on the opinions
<br>expressed on this list so far, since few new voices seem to be joining<br>in to express a preference.<br><br>Randy<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">
Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 09 23:14:15 2007
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Just FYI, tomorrow morning (9 am Pacific) call can be accessed:

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Addison

Mark Davis wrote:
> First off, I agree with Andy that the editor's contributions should be 
> judged on technical merit, just like everyone else's.
> 
> As far as a conclusion goes. Any judgment of consensus at this point is 
> premature. We are increasing the size of the registry by a huge margin, 
> and considering whether to add a significant piece of architecture: it 
> is more important that this revision be correctly designed than that it 
> meet some arbitrary deadline. I think that the telecons have been 
> valuable for bringing out the issues, and we already planned for another 
> this week. As long as we are making progress with that, we should 
> continue. It is useful when the chairs could make that meeting: Randy's 
> been to one of them. Martin, is that time too difficult for you?
> 
> Mark
> 
> On 10/9/07, *Randy Presuhn* <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com 
> <mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>> wrote:
> 
>     Hi -
> 
>     As co-chair...
> 
>      > From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com
>     <mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com>>
>      > To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org <mailto:ltru@ietf.org>>
>      > Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 6:45 AM
>      > Subject: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
>      >
>      > Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:
>      >
>      > >> Hard to say.  I think at this moment there are more
>     contributors who
>      > >> favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the
>      > >> co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.
>      > >
>      > > No, it does not.  Editors do the bidding of the WG, see RFC 2418
>      > > clause 6.3.  As such they are *not* given special consideration
>     in the
>      > > determination of working group consensus.
>      >
>      > But they might well be given special consideration by other list
>     members
>      > who haven't made up their minds yet.
> 
>     This would be a bad thing.  RFC 2418 is abundantly clear that document
>     editors do not enjoy any special privileges in determining WG consensus.
>     Sometimes editors happen to be experts in the topic, sometimes they
>     are not.
>     But if a WG starts giving their voices more weight merely because they
>     happen to be editors, something is seriously wrong.
> 
>      >  I would guess that with the small
>      > number of people solidly on one side or the other, the battle for
>     the
>      > "undecided" bloc will be important.
> 
>     Perhaps, though the undecided have little import for a determination
>     of rough consensus.  At some point Martin and I will have to make
>     a determination of consensus.  It's clear that none of the options
>     will make everyone happy.  It's possible that none of the options
>     will make anyone happy in the long run.  Since there has been so little
>     in the way of new information or arguments in this discussion,
>     I think Martin and I will just have to pick one, based on the opinions
>     expressed on this list so far, since few new voices seem to be joining
>     in to express a preference.
> 
>     Randy
> 
> 
> 
>     _______________________________________________
>     Ltru mailing list
>     Ltru@ietf.org <mailto:Ltru@ietf.org>
>     https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Mark
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100
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Hi

I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have, but why
not include cwm within the registry and then deprecate in favour of zh-cwm?
This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by Mark, is
facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and no-nb etc.  Thus
if people tag "incorrectly", with, for example, cwm or yue, applications
would come up with the correct match anyway.

I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current conversations
wrt extended language tags but I do think their inclusion would be useful
for matching purposes.

Best regards

Debbie Garside


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Shawn Steele [mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com]
> Sent: 09 October 2007 20:25
> To: Doug Ewell; LTRU Working Group
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
>
>
> > > * Even for the current tags, many of the people in the
> > > teleconference seem to extend RFC 4647 in ways that are best for
> > > them.  Strict use of
> > > 4647 behavior seems rare.  It seems reasonable to me to
> expect that
> > > in the future people may continue to do so and that RFC
> 4647 and the
> > > registry can only provide guidelines.
>
> > I agree with the part about RFC 4647, but not the Registry,
> at least
> > not in blanket terms.
>
> > The Registry contains some fields that are normative and
> some that are
> > informative.
>
> Tagging and lookup however are different.  Many of the uses
> I'm involved with presume that tags are correctly defined:
> ie: only installed locales are allowed to be used for
> resource names, or for marking documents.  Presumably the
> locales were created correctly when they were installed, so I
> don't have to worry about "eng" being valid.
>
> Making a matching dependency on the registry would require a
> new data source, which could be problematic, which is why I
> prefer the information be in the tags.  If the tags are
> invalid I won't match correctly, but I won't have to look up
> an on-line dependency.  Obviously this is less of a problem
> for some applications, but I don't see there being any
> downside and it does help to have the ext lang tag in this case.
>
> - Shawn
>
>






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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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Some detailed comments on these scenarios.

On 10/7/07, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>
> I would say:
>
> 1. With Extlangs.
>
> - change to filtering: none, but you probably want to use extended
> filtering instead of basic filtering (i.e. "zh-Hant-HK" matches
> "zh-yue-Hant-HK" and "zh-cmn-Hant-HK")


Actually, I think the change is the reverse; you have to disable extended
filtering. In the filtering / search business, it is just as bad (if not
worse) to give too many responses as it is to give too few. Otherwise your
user is swamped in irrelevant documents.

Except in very few cases, notably Arabic and Chinese, according to what I
have heard Peter say, we have no reason to believe that a speaker of one
microlanguage speaks any other particular macrolanguage. If my user searches
for Fulah, and does s/he want to get Maasina Fulfulde, Adamawa Fulfulde,
Pulaar, Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde, and so on, which I have no reason to
believe that the original person speaks?

And even for Arabic and Chinese, unmodified extended filtering with extlang
might make sense only because ar-arb is equivalent to arb and zh-cmn is
equivalent to cmn, for all practical purposes, and where all speakers of the
microlanguages understand the macrolanguages (which is unclear -- I've asked
on the list whether the latter is true -- and it is a crucial fact for
extlang -- but get no answer). Better is that if someone really wants both
standard Arabic and Tajiki Arabic, than the input be "ar, abh", just like
now with Norwegian or Serbo-croation, where someone can just list "nn, nb,
no" and "sr, hr, bs, sh",

So with extlang we have a backwards compatibility issue with extended
filtering; we need to disable macrolanguage lookup in all but a few cases,
and even there it is better for the user to just supply the list of items
they want.

http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/macrolanguages.asp

- change to lookup: treat extlang as atomic with the primary language
> subtag; potentially loop-back through the subtags. That is, given the
> range "zh-yue-Hant-HK", the fallback pattern is this:
>
>   zh-yue-Hant-HK
>   zh-yue-Hant
>   zh-yue
>   zh-Hant-HK
>   zh-Hant
>   zh
>   (default)


And again, we disable this for all but a few specific cases. It only makes
sense to do this as a heuristic when the speaker of the microlanguage is
extremely likely to speak the macrolanguage.

If the query is Maasina Fulfulde as used in Ghana (ful-)ffm-GH, we don't
want to fall back to some arbitrary Fulah; instead we want to probably fall
back to Hausa.

And this would need to be handled even more carefully where the input is
multiple tags, as in Accept-Language. If the user supplies "zh-yue; en",
meaning that they prefer Cantonese, then English -- and may not know
Mandarin at all! -- then the stated algorithm, the one that everyone uses
now, would give completely incorrect results.

(1) Incorrect
  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  zh
  en
  (default)

Even the modified version doesn't work

(2) Still incorrect
  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  en
  (default)

What we need to do is more complicated:

(3) what the user asked for, Cantonese, then English, then maybe something
else.
  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  en
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  (default)

Number 3 is especially needed whenever the macrolanguage is not
overwhelmingly likely to be understood by the macrolanguage users.

So with extlang we also have a backwards compatibility issue with lookup;
code that used to work fine will fail.

Or this:
>
>   zh-yue-Hant-HK
>   zh-yue-Hant
>   zh-yue
>   (default)


This would be better, but still requires a change to algorithms, and then
simply amounts to adding extlang, but coding around it so that the results
were as if there were no extlang -- better to not use the extlang mechanism.

2. Without extlangs.
>
> - change to filtering: none
>
> - change to lookup: none


Agreed so far, but...

BUT... you want to include the macro language in your ranges in some
> cases. Alternatively, we would have to define new filtering and lookup
> options that include mapping to macrolanguages. For example, with the
> range "yue-Hant-HK", you would want the fallback to be:
>
>   yue-Hant-HK
>   yue-Hant
>   yue
>   zh-Hant-HK
>   zh-Hant
>   zh
>   (default)



In the case of no extlangs, we really do not want to make any changes to the
algorithms. Instead, we want to point out in the text that macro languages
*MAY* be a useful resource for having some extended fallback. That is, it
*MAY* be reasonable to fall back from the Chinese and Arabic microlanguages
to their macrolanguages, but also may not. And the interaction between this
additional fallback and multiple tags needs to be taken into consideration.

Suppose that the input is "yue-Hant-HK; en"; the current algorithm works.

(1)
  yue-Hant-HK
  yue-Hant
  yue
  en
  (default)

If a particular implementation wants to change the default processing to
have an extra step that adds fallback to zh-Hant-HK (and so on) for certain
specific languages, such as particular Chinese and Arabic microlanguages,
that's a small amount of work. Moreover, it is just what a more enhanced
algorithm *currently* would do with any of "nn, nb, no" and "sr, hr, bs,
sh", -- in this case they are known to be good, practical fallbacks.

Alternatively, if the user just feeds in "yue-Hant-HK, en, zh-Hant-HK" or
the reverse "yue-Hant-HK, zh-Hant-HK, en", that will work without any code
changes, or any enhancements; the user gets what is asked for.

================

What we don't want to do is make recommendations that if implemented, are
harder for people to control and get the right answer. And baking extlang
into the tags is even worse -- since it introduces backwards
incompatibilities that require old code to be modified to work around.

Someone mentioned on this list that they thought that these were only
philosophical differences. I don't see it that way at all. The choices we
make here will affect the ability of people to work with their own languages
for a long time -- it is important to get this right, and pay attention both
to backwards compatibility and to future capabilities -- the choice of
architecture will make real, practical differences for people, especially
for minority language users. My fear is exactly minority language users will
be disadvantage with extlang. It isn't the French or German speakers that
will end up with problems; it is the Gondi and Grebo speakers.

Mark

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Some detailed comments on these scenarios.<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/7/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Addison Phillips</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com">addison@yahoo-inc.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">I would say:<br><br>1. With Extlangs.<br><br>- change to filtering: none, but you probably want to use extended
<br>filtering instead of basic filtering (i.e. &quot;zh-Hant-HK&quot; matches<br>&quot;zh-yue-Hant-HK&quot; and &quot;zh-cmn-Hant-HK&quot;)</blockquote><div><br>Actually, I think the change is the reverse; you have to disable extended filtering. In the filtering / search business, it is just as bad (if not worse) to give too many responses as it is to give too few. Otherwise your user is swamped in irrelevant documents.
<br><br>Except in very few cases, notably Arabic and Chinese, according to what I have heard Peter say, we have no reason to believe that a speaker of one microlanguage speaks any other particular macrolanguage. If my user searches for Fulah, and does s/he want to get Maasina Fulfulde, Adamawa Fulfulde, Pulaar, Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde, and so on, which I have no reason to believe that the original person speaks?
<br><br>And even for Arabic and Chinese, unmodified extended filtering with extlang might make sense only because ar-arb is equivalent to arb and zh-cmn is equivalent to cmn, for all practical purposes, and where all speakers of the microlanguages understand the macrolanguages (which is unclear -- I&#39;ve asked on the list whether the latter is true -- and it is a crucial fact for extlang -- but get no answer). Better is that if someone really wants both standard Arabic and Tajiki Arabic, than the input be &quot;ar, abh&quot;, just like now with Norwegian or Serbo-croation, where someone can just list &quot;nn, nb, no&quot; and &quot;sr, hr, bs, sh&quot;,
<br><br>So with extlang we have a backwards compatibility issue with extended filtering; we need to disable macrolanguage lookup in all but a few cases, and even there it is better for the user to just supply the list of items they want.
<br><br><a href="http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/macrolanguages.asp">http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/macrolanguages.asp</a><br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
- change to lookup: treat extlang as atomic with the primary language<br>subtag; potentially loop-back through the subtags. That is, given the<br>range &quot;zh-yue-Hant-HK&quot;, the fallback pattern is this:<br><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant-HK
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)</blockquote><div><br>And again, we disable this for all but a few specific cases. It only makes sense to do this as a heuristic when the speaker of the microlanguage is extremely likely to speak the macrolanguage.
<br><br>If the query is Maasina Fulfulde as used in Ghana (ful-)ffm-GH, we don&#39;t want to fall back to some arbitrary Fulah; instead we want to probably fall back to Hausa.<br><br>And this would need to be handled even more carefully where the input is multiple tags, as in Accept-Language. If the user supplies &quot;zh-yue; en&quot;, meaning that they prefer Cantonese, then English -- and may not know Mandarin at all! -- then the stated algorithm, the one that everyone uses now, would give completely incorrect results.
<br><br>(1) Incorrect<br>&nbsp; zh-yue-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<br>&nbsp; en<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)<br><br>Even the modified version doesn&#39;t work<br><br>(2) Still incorrect<br>&nbsp; zh-yue-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<br>&nbsp; en<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)<br><br>What we need to do is more complicated:<br><br>(3) what the user asked for, Cantonese, then English, then maybe something else.<br>&nbsp; zh-yue-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<br>&nbsp; en<br>&nbsp; zh-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)<br><br>Number 3 is especially needed whenever the macrolanguage is not overwhelmingly likely to be understood by the macrolanguage users.<br><br>So with extlang we also have a backwards compatibility issue with lookup; code that used to work fine will fail.
<br> </div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">Or this:<br><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)</blockquote>
<div><br>This would be better, but still requires a change to algorithms, and then simply amounts to adding extlang, but coding around it so that the results were as if there were no extlang -- better to not use the extlang mechanism.
<br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">2. Without extlangs.<br><br>- change to filtering: none<br><br>- change to lookup: none
</blockquote><div><br>Agreed so far, but... <br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">BUT... you want to include the macro language in your ranges in some
<br>cases. Alternatively, we would have to define new filtering and lookup<br>options that include mapping to macrolanguages. For example, with the<br>range &quot;yue-Hant-HK&quot;, you would want the fallback to be:<br><br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;yue-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;yue-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;yue<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)</blockquote><div><br><br>In the case of no extlangs, we really do not want to make any changes to the algorithms. Instead, we want to point out in the text that macro languages *MAY* be a useful resource for having some extended fallback. That is, it *MAY* be reasonable to fall back from the Chinese and Arabic microlanguages to their macrolanguages, but also may not. And the interaction between this additional fallback and multiple tags needs to be taken into consideration.
<br><br>Suppose that the input is &quot;yue-Hant-HK; en&quot;; the current algorithm works.<br><br>(1) <br>&nbsp; yue-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;yue-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;yue<br>&nbsp; en<br>&nbsp; (default)<br><br>If a particular implementation wants to change the default processing to have an extra step that adds fallback to zh-Hant-HK (and so on) for certain specific languages, such as particular Chinese and Arabic microlanguages, that&#39;s a small amount of work. Moreover, it is just what a more enhanced algorithm *currently* would do with any of &quot;nn, nb, no&quot; and &quot;sr, hr, bs, sh&quot;, -- in this case they are known to be good, practical fallbacks.
<br><br>Alternatively, if the user just feeds in &quot;yue-Hant-HK, en, zh-Hant-HK&quot; or the reverse &quot;yue-Hant-HK, zh-Hant-HK, en&quot;, that will work without any code changes, or any enhancements; the user gets what is asked for.
<br><br>================<br><br>What we don&#39;t want to do is make recommendations that if implemented, are harder for people to control and get the right answer. And baking extlang into the tags is even worse -- since it introduces backwards incompatibilities that require old code to be modified to work around.
<br><br>Someone mentioned on this list that they thought that these were only philosophical differences. I don&#39;t see it that way at all. The choices we make here will affect the ability of people to work with their own languages for a long time -- it is important to get this right, and pay attention both to backwards compatibility and to future capabilities -- the choice of architecture will make real, practical differences for people, especially for minority language users. My fear is exactly minority language users will be disadvantage with extlang. It isn&#39;t the French or German speakers that will end up with problems; it is the Gondi and Grebo speakers.
<br><br>Mark<br></div></div>

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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Hi Mark
 
I haven't time at the moment to put together the fallback for this (as it
would take me ages) but I think fas-prs and fas-pes are good cases for
macrolanguages to be included as extended language tags.  These languages
are mutually intelligible and to be able to choose prs and have a system
create a fallback based on fas would be a huge bonus.  Implementations
should have the extended language tags option and end users should be
presented with a question asking if they want macrolanguage related
languages matched IMHO. It is not just about whether they understand the
macrolanguage it is whether a user wants to return the related languages
within the macrolanguage; I do understand that the end user would not want
this in many cases but where is the harm in the provision?  If I was
querying using prs I would certainly want to have pes and fas tagged items
returned as a secondary match. 
 
Best regards
 
Debbie  


  _____  

From: Mark Davis [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org] 
Sent: 10 October 2007 16:55
To: Addison Phillips
Cc: ltru@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)


Some detailed comments on these scenarios.


On 10/7/07, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote: 

I would say:

1. With Extlangs.

- change to filtering: none, but you probably want to use extended 
filtering instead of basic filtering (i.e. "zh-Hant-HK" matches
"zh-yue-Hant-HK" and "zh-cmn-Hant-HK")


Actually, I think the change is the reverse; you have to disable extended
filtering. In the filtering / search business, it is just as bad (if not
worse) to give too many responses as it is to give too few. Otherwise your
user is swamped in irrelevant documents. 

Except in very few cases, notably Arabic and Chinese, according to what I
have heard Peter say, we have no reason to believe that a speaker of one
microlanguage speaks any other particular macrolanguage. If my user searches
for Fulah, and does s/he want to get Maasina Fulfulde, Adamawa Fulfulde,
Pulaar, Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde, and so on, which I have no reason to
believe that the original person speaks? 

And even for Arabic and Chinese, unmodified extended filtering with extlang
might make sense only because ar-arb is equivalent to arb and zh-cmn is
equivalent to cmn, for all practical purposes, and where all speakers of the
microlanguages understand the macrolanguages (which is unclear -- I've asked
on the list whether the latter is true -- and it is a crucial fact for
extlang -- but get no answer). Better is that if someone really wants both
standard Arabic and Tajiki Arabic, than the input be "ar, abh", just like
now with Norwegian or Serbo-croation, where someone can just list "nn, nb,
no" and "sr, hr, bs, sh", 

So with extlang we have a backwards compatibility issue with extended
filtering; we need to disable macrolanguage lookup in all but a few cases,
and even there it is better for the user to just supply the list of items
they want. 

http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/macrolanguages.asp



- change to lookup: treat extlang as atomic with the primary language
subtag; potentially loop-back through the subtags. That is, given the
range "zh-yue-Hant-HK", the fallback pattern is this:

  zh-yue-Hant-HK 
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  (default)


And again, we disable this for all but a few specific cases. It only makes
sense to do this as a heuristic when the speaker of the microlanguage is
extremely likely to speak the macrolanguage. 

If the query is Maasina Fulfulde as used in Ghana (ful-)ffm-GH, we don't
want to fall back to some arbitrary Fulah; instead we want to probably fall
back to Hausa.

And this would need to be handled even more carefully where the input is
multiple tags, as in Accept-Language. If the user supplies "zh-yue; en",
meaning that they prefer Cantonese, then English -- and may not know
Mandarin at all! -- then the stated algorithm, the one that everyone uses
now, would give completely incorrect results. 

(1) Incorrect
  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  zh
  en
  (default)

Even the modified version doesn't work

(2) Still incorrect
  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue 
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  en
  (default)

What we need to do is more complicated:

(3) what the user asked for, Cantonese, then English, then maybe something
else.
  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant 
  zh-yue
  en
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  (default)

Number 3 is especially needed whenever the macrolanguage is not
overwhelmingly likely to be understood by the macrolanguage users.

So with extlang we also have a backwards compatibility issue with lookup;
code that used to work fine will fail. 



Or this:

  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  (default)


This would be better, but still requires a change to algorithms, and then
simply amounts to adding extlang, but coding around it so that the results
were as if there were no extlang -- better to not use the extlang mechanism.




2. Without extlangs.

- change to filtering: none

- change to lookup: none 


Agreed so far, but... 



BUT... you want to include the macro language in your ranges in some 
cases. Alternatively, we would have to define new filtering and lookup
options that include mapping to macrolanguages. For example, with the
range "yue-Hant-HK", you would want the fallback to be:

  yue-Hant-HK
  yue-Hant
  yue
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  (default)



In the case of no extlangs, we really do not want to make any changes to the
algorithms. Instead, we want to point out in the text that macro languages
*MAY* be a useful resource for having some extended fallback. That is, it
*MAY* be reasonable to fall back from the Chinese and Arabic microlanguages
to their macrolanguages, but also may not. And the interaction between this
additional fallback and multiple tags needs to be taken into consideration. 

Suppose that the input is "yue-Hant-HK; en"; the current algorithm works.

(1) 
  yue-Hant-HK
  yue-Hant
  yue
  en
  (default)

If a particular implementation wants to change the default processing to
have an extra step that adds fallback to zh-Hant-HK (and so on) for certain
specific languages, such as particular Chinese and Arabic microlanguages,
that's a small amount of work. Moreover, it is just what a more enhanced
algorithm *currently* would do with any of "nn, nb, no" and "sr, hr, bs,
sh", -- in this case they are known to be good, practical fallbacks. 

Alternatively, if the user just feeds in "yue-Hant-HK, en, zh-Hant-HK" or
the reverse "yue-Hant-HK, zh-Hant-HK, en", that will work without any code
changes, or any enhancements; the user gets what is asked for. 

================

What we don't want to do is make recommendations that if implemented, are
harder for people to control and get the right answer. And baking extlang
into the tags is even worse -- since it introduces backwards
incompatibilities that require old code to be modified to work around. 

Someone mentioned on this list that they thought that these were only
philosophical differences. I don't see it that way at all. The choices we
make here will affect the ability of people to work with their own languages
for a long time -- it is important to get this right, and pay attention both
to backwards compatibility and to future capabilities -- the choice of
architecture will make real, practical differences for people, especially
for minority language users. My fear is exactly minority language users will
be disadvantage with extlang. It isn't the French or German speakers that
will end up with problems; it is the Gondi and Grebo speakers. 

Mark



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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.2180" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D374161516-10102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>Hi Mark</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D374161516-10102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D374161516-10102007><FONT =
face=3DArial size=3D2>I=20
haven't time at the moment to put together the fallback for this (as it =
would=20
take me ages) but I think fas-prs and fas-pes&nbsp;are good cases for=20
macrolanguages to be included as extended language tags.&nbsp; These =
languages=20
are mutually intelligible and to be able to choose prs and have a system =
create=20
a fallback based on fas would be a huge bonus.&nbsp; Implementations =
should have=20
the extended language tags option and end users should be presented with =
a=20
question asking if they want macrolanguage related languages matched=20
IMHO.&nbsp;It is not just about whether they understand the =
macrolanguage it is=20
whether a user wants to return the related languages within the =
macrolanguage; I=20
do&nbsp;understand that the end user would not want this in many cases =
but where=20
is the harm in the provision?&nbsp; If I was querying using prs I would=20
certainly want to have pes and fas tagged items returned as a secondary=20
match.&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D374161516-10102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D374161516-10102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Best regards</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D374161516-10102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D374161516-10102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Debbie&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></DIV><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader lang=3Den-us dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft>
  <HR tabIndex=3D-1>
  <FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2><B>From:</B> Mark Davis=20
  [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org] <BR><B>Sent:</B> 10 October 2007=20
  16:55<BR><B>To:</B> Addison Phillips<BR><B>Cc:</B>=20
  ltru@ietf.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags =
(long=20
  reply)<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
  <DIV></DIV>Some detailed comments on these scenarios.<BR><BR>
  <DIV><SPAN class=3Dgmail_quote>On 10/7/07, <B =
class=3Dgmail_sendername>Addison=20
  Phillips</B> &lt;<A=20
  href=3D"mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com">addison@yahoo-inc.com</A>&gt;=20
  wrote:</SPAN>=20
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=3Dgmail_quote=20
  style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">I=20
    would say:<BR><BR>1. With Extlangs.<BR><BR>- change to filtering: =
none, but=20
    you probably want to use extended <BR>filtering instead of basic =
filtering=20
    (i.e. "zh-Hant-HK" matches<BR>"zh-yue-Hant-HK" and=20
  "zh-cmn-Hant-HK")</BLOCKQUOTE>
  <DIV><BR>Actually, I think the change is the reverse; you have to =
disable=20
  extended filtering. In the filtering / search business, it is just as =
bad (if=20
  not worse) to give too many responses as it is to give too few. =
Otherwise your=20
  user is swamped in irrelevant documents. <BR><BR>Except in very few =
cases,=20
  notably Arabic and Chinese, according to what I have heard Peter say, =
we have=20
  no reason to believe that a speaker of one microlanguage speaks any =
other=20
  particular macrolanguage. If my user searches for Fulah, and does s/he =
want to=20
  get Maasina Fulfulde, Adamawa Fulfulde, Pulaar, Central-Eastern Niger=20
  Fulfulde, and so on, which I have no reason to believe that the =
original=20
  person speaks? <BR><BR>And even for Arabic and Chinese, unmodified =
extended=20
  filtering with extlang might make sense only because ar-arb is =
equivalent to=20
  arb and zh-cmn is equivalent to cmn, for all practical purposes, and =
where all=20
  speakers of the microlanguages understand the macrolanguages (which is =
unclear=20
  -- I've asked on the list whether the latter is true -- and it is a =
crucial=20
  fact for extlang -- but get no answer). Better is that if someone =
really wants=20
  both standard Arabic and Tajiki Arabic, than the input be "ar, abh", =
just like=20
  now with Norwegian or Serbo-croation, where someone can just list "nn, =
nb, no"=20
  and "sr, hr, bs, sh", <BR><BR>So with extlang we have a backwards=20
  compatibility issue with extended filtering; we need to disable =
macrolanguage=20
  lookup in all but a few cases, and even there it is better for the =
user to=20
  just supply the list of items they want. <BR><BR><A=20
  =
href=3D"http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/macrolanguages.asp">http://www.sil.or=
g/iso639-3/macrolanguages.asp</A><BR></DIV><BR>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=3Dgmail_quote=20
  style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">-=20
    change to lookup: treat extlang as atomic with the primary=20
    language<BR>subtag; potentially loop-back through the subtags. That =
is,=20
    given the<BR>range "zh-yue-Hant-HK", the fallback pattern is=20
    this:<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant-HK=20
    =
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant-=
HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)</BLO=
CKQUOTE>
  <DIV><BR>And again, we disable this for all but a few specific cases. =
It only=20
  makes sense to do this as a heuristic when the speaker of the =
microlanguage is=20
  extremely likely to speak the macrolanguage. <BR><BR>If the query is =
Maasina=20
  Fulfulde as used in Ghana (ful-)ffm-GH, we don't want to fall back to =
some=20
  arbitrary Fulah; instead we want to probably fall back to =
Hausa.<BR><BR>And=20
  this would need to be handled even more carefully where the input is =
multiple=20
  tags, as in Accept-Language. If the user supplies "zh-yue; en", =
meaning that=20
  they prefer Cantonese, then English -- and may not know Mandarin at =
all! --=20
  then the stated algorithm, the one that everyone uses now, would give=20
  completely incorrect results. <BR><BR>(1) Incorrect<BR>&nbsp;=20
  =
zh-yue-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<BR>&nbsp;=
&nbsp;zh<BR>&nbsp;=20
  en<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)<BR><BR>Even the modified version doesn't=20
  work<BR><BR>(2) Still incorrect<BR>&nbsp;=20
  zh-yue-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue=20
  =
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<BR>&n=
bsp;=20
  en<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)<BR><BR>What we need to do is more=20
  complicated:<BR><BR>(3) what the user asked for, Cantonese, then =
English, then=20
  maybe something else.<BR>&nbsp; =
zh-yue-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant=20
  <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<BR>&nbsp; en<BR>&nbsp;=20
  =
zh-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(defau=
lt)<BR><BR>Number=20
  3 is especially needed whenever the macrolanguage is not =
overwhelmingly likely=20
  to be understood by the macrolanguage users.<BR><BR>So with extlang we =
also=20
  have a backwards compatibility issue with lookup; code that used to =
work fine=20
  will fail. <BR></DIV><BR>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=3Dgmail_quote=20
  style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">Or=20
    =
this:<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<BR>&nb=
sp;&nbsp;zh-yue<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)</BLOCKQUOTE>
  <DIV><BR>This would be better, but still requires a change to =
algorithms, and=20
  then simply amounts to adding extlang, but coding around it so that =
the=20
  results were as if there were no extlang -- better to not use the =
extlang=20
  mechanism. <BR></DIV><BR>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=3Dgmail_quote=20
  style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">2.=20
    Without extlangs.<BR><BR>- change to filtering: none<BR><BR>- change =
to=20
    lookup: none </BLOCKQUOTE>
  <DIV><BR>Agreed so far, but... <BR></DIV><BR>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=3Dgmail_quote=20
  style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">BUT...=20
    you want to include the macro language in your ranges in some =
<BR>cases.=20
    Alternatively, we would have to define new filtering and =
lookup<BR>options=20
    that include mapping to macrolanguages. For example, with =
the<BR>range=20
    "yue-Hant-HK", you would want the fallback to=20
    =
be:<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;yue-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;yue-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp=
;yue<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<B=
R>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)</BLOCKQUOTE>
  <DIV><BR><BR>In the case of no extlangs, we really do not want to make =
any=20
  changes to the algorithms. Instead, we want to point out in the text =
that=20
  macro languages *MAY* be a useful resource for having some extended =
fallback.=20
  That is, it *MAY* be reasonable to fall back from the Chinese and =
Arabic=20
  microlanguages to their macrolanguages, but also may not. And the =
interaction=20
  between this additional fallback and multiple tags needs to be taken =
into=20
  consideration. <BR><BR>Suppose that the input is "yue-Hant-HK; en"; =
the=20
  current algorithm works.<BR><BR>(1) <BR>&nbsp;=20
  yue-Hant-HK<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;yue-Hant<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;yue<BR>&nbsp; =
en<BR>&nbsp;=20
  (default)<BR><BR>If a particular implementation wants to change the =
default=20
  processing to have an extra step that adds fallback to zh-Hant-HK (and =
so on)=20
  for certain specific languages, such as particular Chinese and Arabic=20
  microlanguages, that's a small amount of work. Moreover, it is just =
what a=20
  more enhanced algorithm *currently* would do with any of "nn, nb, no" =
and "sr,=20
  hr, bs, sh", -- in this case they are known to be good, practical =
fallbacks.=20
  <BR><BR>Alternatively, if the user just feeds in "yue-Hant-HK, en, =
zh-Hant-HK"=20
  or the reverse "yue-Hant-HK, zh-Hant-HK, en", that will work without =
any code=20
  changes, or any enhancements; the user gets what is asked for.=20
  <BR><BR>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<BR><BR>What =
we don't want to do is make=20
  recommendations that if implemented, are harder for people to control =
and get=20
  the right answer. And baking extlang into the tags is even worse -- =
since it=20
  introduces backwards incompatibilities that require old code to be =
modified to=20
  work around. <BR><BR>Someone mentioned on this list that they thought =
that=20
  these were only philosophical differences. I don't see it that way at =
all. The=20
  choices we make here will affect the ability of people to work with =
their own=20
  languages for a long time -- it is important to get this right, and =
pay=20
  attention both to backwards compatibility and to future capabilities =
-- the=20
  choice of architecture will make real, practical differences for =
people,=20
  especially for minority language users. My fear is exactly minority =
language=20
  users will be disadvantage with extlang. It isn't the French or German =

  speakers that will end up with problems; it is the Gondi and Grebo =
speakers.=20
  <BR><BR>Mark<BR></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 13:44:42 2007
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From: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
To: "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:43:43 -0700
Thread-Topic: duel(ing) tags
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I was sort of wondering the same thing.

I was thinking that to support mistakes, legacy tags & other randomness it =
might be best if any matching stuff I wrote recognized that cmn & zh-cmn we=
re interchangeable.  It is unclear to me if data is currently tagged as cmn=
 though, although I know some is tagged as zh-cmn.

- Shawn

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100
From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
To: <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>, "'Doug Ewell'"
        <dewell@roadrunner.com>,        "'LTRU Working Group'" <ltru@ietf.o=
rg>
Message-ID: <04f501c80b22$68debac0$0d00a8c0@CPQ86763045110>

Hi

I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have, but why
not include cwm within the registry and then deprecate in favour of zh-cwm?
This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by Mark, i=
s
facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and no-nb etc.  Thus
if people tag "incorrectly", with, for example, cwm or yue, applications
would come up with the correct match anyway.

I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current conversation=
s
wrt extended language tags but I do think their inclusion would be useful
for matching purposes.

Best regards

Debbie Garside



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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
To: LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:50:04 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
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Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> 
10/09/2007 08:12 PM

To
Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
cc
LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject
Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags






Just FYI, tomorrow morning (9 am Pacific) call can be accessed:

Dial-In #: +1.888.371.8922

International Dial-In #: +1.617.224.4792

Participant Passcode: 58371972

Addison

Mark Davis wrote:
> First off, I agree with Andy that the editor's contributions should be 
> judged on technical merit, just like everyone else's.
> 
> As far as a conclusion goes. Any judgment of consensus at this point is 
> premature. We are increasing the size of the registry by a huge margin, 
> and considering whether to add a significant piece of architecture: it 
> is more important that this revision be correctly designed than that it 
> meet some arbitrary deadline. I think that the telecons have been 
> valuable for bringing out the issues, and we already planned for another 

> this week. As long as we are making progress with that, we should 
> continue. It is useful when the chairs could make that meeting: Randy's 
> been to one of them. Martin, is that time too difficult for you?
> 
> Mark
> 
> On 10/9/07, *Randy Presuhn* <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com 
> <mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>> wrote:
> 
>     Hi -
> 
>     As co-chair...
> 
>      > From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com
>     <mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com>>
>      > To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org <mailto:ltru@ietf.org>>
>      > Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 6:45 AM
>      > Subject: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
>      >
>      > Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> 
wrote:
>      >
>      > >> Hard to say.  I think at this moment there are more
>     contributors who
>      > >> favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the
>      > >> co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.
>      > >
>      > > No, it does not.  Editors do the bidding of the WG, see RFC 
2418
>      > > clause 6.3.  As such they are *not* given special consideration
>     in the
>      > > determination of working group consensus.
>      >
>      > But they might well be given special consideration by other list
>     members
>      > who haven't made up their minds yet.
> 
>     This would be a bad thing.  RFC 2418 is abundantly clear that 
document
>     editors do not enjoy any special privileges in determining WG 
consensus.
>     Sometimes editors happen to be experts in the topic, sometimes they
>     are not.
>     But if a WG starts giving their voices more weight merely because 
they
>     happen to be editors, something is seriously wrong.
> 
>      >  I would guess that with the small
>      > number of people solidly on one side or the other, the battle for
>     the
>      > "undecided" bloc will be important.
> 
>     Perhaps, though the undecided have little import for a determination
>     of rough consensus.  At some point Martin and I will have to make
>     a determination of consensus.  It's clear that none of the options
>     will make everyone happy.  It's possible that none of the options
>     will make anyone happy in the long run.  Since there has been so 
little
>     in the way of new information or arguments in this discussion,
>     I think Martin and I will just have to pick one, based on the 
opinions
>     expressed on this list so far, since few new voices seem to be 
joining
>     in to express a preference.
> 
>     Randy
> 
> 
> 
>     _______________________________________________
>     Ltru mailing list
>     Ltru@ietf.org <mailto:Ltru@ietf.org>
>     https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Mark
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 11:23:48 -0700
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Shawn Steele" <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
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Even if we have extlang, I have no doubt that in practice we'll need to
treat "yue" and "zh-yue" as equivalent, and so forth. In addition, in
practice, you'll need to treat "cmn"/"zh-cmn" and "zh" as equivalent.

Mark

On 10/10/07, Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com> wrote:
>
> I was sort of wondering the same thing.
>
> I was thinking that to support mistakes, legacy tags & other randomness it
> might be best if any matching stuff I wrote recognized that cmn & zh-cmn
> were interchangeable.  It is unclear to me if data is currently tagged as
> cmn though, although I know some is tagged as zh-cmn.
>
> - Shawn
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100
> From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
> To: <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>, "'Doug Ewell'"
>         <dewell@roadrunner.com>,        "'LTRU Working Group'" <
> ltru@ietf.org>
> Message-ID: <04f501c80b22$68debac0$0d00a8c0@CPQ86763045110>
>
> Hi
>
> I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have, but
> why
> not include cwm within the registry and then deprecate in favour of
> zh-cwm?
> This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by Mark,
> is
> facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and no-nb
> etc.  Thus
> if people tag "incorrectly", with, for example, cwm or yue, applications
> would come up with the correct match anyway.
>
> I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current
> conversations
> wrt extended language tags but I do think their inclusion would be useful
> for matching purposes.
>
> Best regards
>
> Debbie Garside
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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Even if we have extlang, I have no doubt that in practice we&#39;ll need to treat &quot;yue&quot; and &quot;zh-yue&quot; as equivalent, and so forth. In addition, in practice, you&#39;ll need to treat &quot;cmn&quot;/&quot;zh-cmn&quot; and &quot;zh&quot; as equivalent.
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/10/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Shawn Steele</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com">Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
I was sort of wondering the same thing.<br><br>I was thinking that to support mistakes, legacy tags &amp; other randomness it might be best if any matching stuff I wrote recognized that cmn &amp; zh-cmn were interchangeable.&nbsp;&nbsp;It is unclear to me if data is currently tagged as cmn though, although I know some is tagged as zh-cmn.
<br><br>- Shawn<br><br>------------------------------<br><br>Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100<br>From: &quot;Debbie Garside&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk">debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk</a>&gt;<br>Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
<br>To: &lt;<a href="mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com">Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com</a>&gt;, &quot;&#39;Doug Ewell&#39;&quot;<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com">dewell@roadrunner.com</a>&gt;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;&#39;LTRU Working Group&#39;&quot; &lt;
<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt;<br>Message-ID: &lt;04f501c80b22$68debac0$0d00a8c0@CPQ86763045110&gt;<br><br>Hi<br><br>I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have, but why<br>not include cwm within the registry and then deprecate in favour of zh-cwm?
<br>This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by Mark, is<br>facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and no-nb etc.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thus<br>if people tag &quot;incorrectly&quot;, with, for example, cwm or yue, applications
<br>would come up with the correct match anyway.<br><br>I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current conversations<br>wrt extended language tags but I do think their inclusion would be useful<br>for matching purposes.
<br><br>Best regards<br><br>Debbie Garside<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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I wrote:

(I still don't know whether "vls" 
(639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as a 
synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)

Sorry, I meant to say that "Flemish" is cited as a synonym on 
Ethnologue.com.

Karen Broome




Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com 
10/10/2007 11:25 AM

To
Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
cc
"ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject
RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)






I think if meaningful fallback is the goal, you need to consider both 
audio and textual forms of languages and their respective fallback 
mechanisms. While a fallback to "zh" (from "zh-cmn" or "zh-HK", etc.) 
would likely be useful in written contexts, falling back to spoken "zh" 
from spoken "cmn" may provide something unintelligible. 

In the context of my industry, it would likely be useful for a Cantonese 
speaker to be able to find subtitled films in "zh" if "zh-yue" is not 
available. Obviously there are questions of simplified vs. traditional 
orthography, but the "zh" tag alone encompasses both orthographies. But if 

the Cantonese speaker is looking at dubbed films, a fallback to spoken 
"zh-cmn" is not as likely to be useful.

>From what I understand the same is true in written Dutch vs. spoken 
Flemish -- a Flemish speaker may be able to easily read standard Dutch, 
but the spoken forms can create problems of understanding to the point 
where Dutch is subtitled in Belgium. (I still don't know whether "vls" 
(639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as a 
synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)

Please consider the nature of both audio and written language with respect 

to ext langs. I think you'll find what makes sense for fallback depends on 

these distinctions in many other cases than those I've mentioned. 

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384



Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com> 
10/10/2007 11:02 AM

To
Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org>, Addison Phillips 
<addison@yahoo-inc.com>
cc
"ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject
RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)






================

What we don't want to do is make recommendations that if implemented, are 
harder for people to control and get the right answer. And baking extlang 
into the tags is even worse -- since it introduces backwards 
incompatibilities that require old code to be modified to work around. 

================

cmn is completely incompatible with existing practice anyway, so you can?t 

claim that it solves the problem.  Existing clients ask for zh-HK (or 
whatever) and code is tagged as zh-HK (or whatever).  Those won?t match 
cmn using RFC 4647.
 
So for backwards compatibility zh-cmn is no worse than cmn.  And if you 
don?t like the inference of the zh, then you can ignore that part, but at 
least the data?s there if people do want it.
 
For some macro languages the strict fallback is probably inappropriate, 
however I don?t expect to find matches in that case (because I don?t 
expect correctly tagged data to be ?zh?).  If this is a concern, those are 

easily filtered out.
 
>From the discussion I don?t think the bigger problem is whether or not we 
go with zh-cmn or just cmn.  The bigger issue seems to be how to modify 
RFC 4647 to provide meaningful fallback with whichever mode is used. 
Since some applications may (or may not) want to consider zh-HK or other 
legacy behaviors, such recommendations aren?t trivial.  Given the 
differing requirements amongst us, I suspect a certain flexibility of the 
applications will be necessary, perhaps several suggestions rather than 
the strict behavior of RFC 4647 (which everyone seems to modify for their 
purposes anyway)
 
- Shawn_______________________________________________
Ltru mailing list
Ltru@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


_______________________________________________
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 14:47:08 2007
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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
To: "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 11:46:33 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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Where do you see "Flemish" cited as synonymous with "Vlaams"?

The closest I see is a statement that Dutch is "[c]alled 'Vlaams' in Belgiu=
m, even though it is different from the (West) Vlaams spoken there."


Peter

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com [mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, October 10, 2007 11:37 AM
> To: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
>
> I wrote:
>
> (I still don't know whether "vls"
> (639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as a
> synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)
>
> Sorry, I meant to say that "Flemish" is cited as a synonym on
> Ethnologue.com.
>
> Karen Broome
>
>
>
>
> Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
> 10/10/2007 11:25 AM
>
> To
> Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
> cc
> "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Subject
> RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
>
>
>
>
>
>
> I think if meaningful fallback is the goal, you need to consider both
> audio and textual forms of languages and their respective fallback
> mechanisms. While a fallback to "zh" (from "zh-cmn" or "zh-HK", etc.)
> would likely be useful in written contexts, falling back to spoken "zh"
> from spoken "cmn" may provide something unintelligible.
>
> In the context of my industry, it would likely be useful for a
> Cantonese
> speaker to be able to find subtitled films in "zh" if "zh-yue" is not
> available. Obviously there are questions of simplified vs. traditional
> orthography, but the "zh" tag alone encompasses both orthographies. But
> if
>
> the Cantonese speaker is looking at dubbed films, a fallback to spoken
> "zh-cmn" is not as likely to be useful.
>
> >From what I understand the same is true in written Dutch vs. spoken
> Flemish -- a Flemish speaker may be able to easily read standard Dutch,
> but the spoken forms can create problems of understanding to the point
> where Dutch is subtitled in Belgium. (I still don't know whether "vls"
> (639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as a
> synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)
>
> Please consider the nature of both audio and written language with
> respect
>
> to ext langs. I think you'll find what makes sense for fallback depends
> on
>
> these distinctions in many other cases than those I've mentioned.
>
> Regards,
>
> Karen Broome
> Metadata Systems Designer
> Sony Pictures Entertainment
> 310.244.4384
>
>
>
> Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
> 10/10/2007 11:02 AM
>
> To
> Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org>, Addison Phillips
> <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
> cc
> "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Subject
> RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
>
>
>
>
>
>
> =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
>
> What we don't want to do is make recommendations that if implemented,
> are
> harder for people to control and get the right answer. And baking
> extlang
> into the tags is even worse -- since it introduces backwards
> incompatibilities that require old code to be modified to work around.
>
> =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
>
> cmn is completely incompatible with existing practice anyway, so you
> can?t
>
> claim that it solves the problem.  Existing clients ask for zh-HK (or
> whatever) and code is tagged as zh-HK (or whatever).  Those won?t match
> cmn using RFC 4647.
>
> So for backwards compatibility zh-cmn is no worse than cmn.  And if you
> don?t like the inference of the zh, then you can ignore that part, but
> at
> least the data?s there if people do want it.
>
> For some macro languages the strict fallback is probably inappropriate,
> however I don?t expect to find matches in that case (because I don?t
> expect correctly tagged data to be ?zh?).  If this is a concern, those
> are
>
> easily filtered out.
>
> >From the discussion I don?t think the bigger problem is whether or not
> we
> go with zh-cmn or just cmn.  The bigger issue seems to be how to modify
> RFC 4647 to provide meaningful fallback with whichever mode is used.
> Since some applications may (or may not) want to consider zh-HK or
> other
> legacy behaviors, such recommendations aren?t trivial.  Given the
> differing requirements amongst us, I suspect a certain flexibility of
> the
> applications will be necessary, perhaps several suggestions rather than
> the strict behavior of RFC 4647 (which everyone seems to modify for
> their
> purposes anyway)
>
> - Shawn_______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


_______________________________________________
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 14:54:50 2007
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	Wed, 10 Oct 2007 11:54:33 -0700
From: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
To: "Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>, Addison Phillips
	<addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 11:54:31 -0700
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And a warning before then'd be nice too :)

Is there a plan for another teleconference?

- Shawn

-----Original Message-----
From: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com [mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com]
Sent: Wednesday, October 10, 2007 10:55 AM
To: Addison Phillips
Cc: LTRU Working Group
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags

This e-mail went out too late for me to participate. Please try to send
notice before the close of business the day before the call.

Karen Broome




Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
10/09/2007 08:12 PM

To
Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
cc
LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject
Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags






Just FYI, tomorrow morning (9 am Pacific) call can be accessed:

Dial-In #: +1.888.371.8922

International Dial-In #: +1.617.224.4792

Participant Passcode: 58371972

Addison

Mark Davis wrote:
> First off, I agree with Andy that the editor's contributions should be
> judged on technical merit, just like everyone else's.
>
> As far as a conclusion goes. Any judgment of consensus at this point is
> premature. We are increasing the size of the registry by a huge margin,
> and considering whether to add a significant piece of architecture: it
> is more important that this revision be correctly designed than that it
> meet some arbitrary deadline. I think that the telecons have been
> valuable for bringing out the issues, and we already planned for another

> this week. As long as we are making progress with that, we should
> continue. It is useful when the chairs could make that meeting: Randy's
> been to one of them. Martin, is that time too difficult for you?
>
> Mark
>
> On 10/9/07, *Randy Presuhn* <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com
> <mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>> wrote:
>
>     Hi -
>
>     As co-chair...
>
>      > From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com
>     <mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com>>
>      > To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org <mailto:ltru@ietf.org>>
>      > Sent: Tuesday, October 09, 2007 6:45 AM
>      > Subject: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
>      >
>      > Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com>
wrote:
>      >
>      > >> Hard to say.  I think at this moment there are more
>     contributors who
>      > >> favor (1) than (2), but the two main proponents of (2) are the
>      > >> co-editors of 4646bis, which does tip the balance a bit.
>      > >
>      > > No, it does not.  Editors do the bidding of the WG, see RFC
2418
>      > > clause 6.3.  As such they are *not* given special consideration
>     in the
>      > > determination of working group consensus.
>      >
>      > But they might well be given special consideration by other list
>     members
>      > who haven't made up their minds yet.
>
>     This would be a bad thing.  RFC 2418 is abundantly clear that
document
>     editors do not enjoy any special privileges in determining WG
consensus.
>     Sometimes editors happen to be experts in the topic, sometimes they
>     are not.
>     But if a WG starts giving their voices more weight merely because
they
>     happen to be editors, something is seriously wrong.
>
>      >  I would guess that with the small
>      > number of people solidly on one side or the other, the battle for
>     the
>      > "undecided" bloc will be important.
>
>     Perhaps, though the undecided have little import for a determination
>     of rough consensus.  At some point Martin and I will have to make
>     a determination of consensus.  It's clear that none of the options
>     will make everyone happy.  It's possible that none of the options
>     will make anyone happy in the long run.  Since there has been so
little
>     in the way of new information or arguments in this discussion,
>     I think Martin and I will just have to pick one, based on the
opinions
>     expressed on this list so far, since few new voices seem to be
joining
>     in to express a preference.
>
>     Randy
>
>
>
>     _______________________________________________
>     Ltru mailing list
>     Ltru@ietf.org <mailto:Ltru@ietf.org>
>     https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>
>
> --
> Mark
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

--
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Shawn Steele" <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Teleconference
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Yes, we're planning to have them each Wednesday, same time, as long as we
are making progress. (Except we're going to skip next week, because of the
Unicode conference.)

On 10/10/07, Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com> wrote:
>
> And a warning before then'd be nice too :)
>
> Is there a plan for another teleconference?
>
> - Shawn

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Yes, we&#39;re planning to have them each Wednesday, same time, as long as we are making progress. (Except we&#39;re going to skip next week, because of the Unicode conference.)<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/10/07, 
<b class="gmail_sendername">Shawn Steele</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com">Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
And a warning before then&#39;d be nice too :)<br><br>Is there a plan for another teleconference?<br><br>- Shawn</blockquote></div>

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http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=vls

"Flemish" is listed as an alternate name in Netherlands and France.

Karen Broome


Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com> wrote on 10/10/2007 11:46:33 AM:

> Where do you see "Flemish" cited as synonymous with "Vlaams"?
> 
> The closest I see is a statement that Dutch is "[c]alled 'Vlaams' in
> Belgium, even though it is different from the (West) Vlaams spoken 
there."
> 
> 
> Peter
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com [mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com]
> > Sent: Wednesday, October 10, 2007 11:37 AM
> > To: ltru@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
> >
> > I wrote:
> >
> > (I still don't know whether "vls"
> > (639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as a
> > synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)
> >
> > Sorry, I meant to say that "Flemish" is cited as a synonym on
> > Ethnologue.com.
> >
> > Karen Broome
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
> > 10/10/2007 11:25 AM
> >
> > To
> > Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
> > cc
> > "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
> > Subject
> > RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > I think if meaningful fallback is the goal, you need to consider both
> > audio and textual forms of languages and their respective fallback
> > mechanisms. While a fallback to "zh" (from "zh-cmn" or "zh-HK", etc.)
> > would likely be useful in written contexts, falling back to spoken 
"zh"
> > from spoken "cmn" may provide something unintelligible.
> >
> > In the context of my industry, it would likely be useful for a
> > Cantonese
> > speaker to be able to find subtitled films in "zh" if "zh-yue" is not
> > available. Obviously there are questions of simplified vs. traditional
> > orthography, but the "zh" tag alone encompasses both orthographies. 
But
> > if
> >
> > the Cantonese speaker is looking at dubbed films, a fallback to spoken
> > "zh-cmn" is not as likely to be useful.
> >
> > >From what I understand the same is true in written Dutch vs. spoken
> > Flemish -- a Flemish speaker may be able to easily read standard 
Dutch,
> > but the spoken forms can create problems of understanding to the point
> > where Dutch is subtitled in Belgium. (I still don't know whether "vls"
> > (639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as a
> > synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)
> >
> > Please consider the nature of both audio and written language with
> > respect
> >
> > to ext langs. I think you'll find what makes sense for fallback 
depends
> > on
> >
> > these distinctions in many other cases than those I've mentioned.
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > Karen Broome
> > Metadata Systems Designer
> > Sony Pictures Entertainment
> > 310.244.4384
> >
> >
> >
> > Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
> > 10/10/2007 11:02 AM
> >
> > To
> > Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org>, Addison Phillips
> > <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
> > cc
> > "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
> > Subject
> > RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > ================
> >
> > What we don't want to do is make recommendations that if implemented,
> > are
> > harder for people to control and get the right answer. And baking
> > extlang
> > into the tags is even worse -- since it introduces backwards
> > incompatibilities that require old code to be modified to work around.
> >
> > ================
> >
> > cmn is completely incompatible with existing practice anyway, so you
> > can?t
> >
> > claim that it solves the problem.  Existing clients ask for zh-HK (or
> > whatever) and code is tagged as zh-HK (or whatever).  Those won?t 
match
> > cmn using RFC 4647.
> >
> > So for backwards compatibility zh-cmn is no worse than cmn.  And if 
you
> > don?t like the inference of the zh, then you can ignore that part, but
> > at
> > least the data?s there if people do want it.
> >
> > For some macro languages the strict fallback is probably 
inappropriate,
> > however I don?t expect to find matches in that case (because I don?t
> > expect correctly tagged data to be ?zh?).  If this is a concern, those
> > are
> >
> > easily filtered out.
> >
> > >From the discussion I don?t think the bigger problem is whether or 
not
> > we
> > go with zh-cmn or just cmn.  The bigger issue seems to be how to 
modify
> > RFC 4647 to provide meaningful fallback with whichever mode is used.
> > Since some applications may (or may not) want to consider zh-HK or
> > other
> > legacy behaviors, such recommendations aren?t trivial.  Given the
> > differing requirements amongst us, I suspect a certain flexibility of
> > the
> > applications will be necessary, perhaps several suggestions rather 
than
> > the strict behavior of RFC 4647 (which everyone seems to modify for
> > their
> > purposes anyway)
> >
> > - Shawn_______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
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> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 




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Hi -

> From: "Shawn Steele" <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
> To: <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>; "Addison Phillips" <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
> Cc: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, October 10, 2007 11:54 AM
> Subject: [Ltru] Teleconference
...
> Is there a plan for another teleconference?
...

There was talk of holding another one on October 24.

While these discussions have been helpful, I'm concerned that
rather few people have been actually participating in them.  But
what is most important is that that progress translates into progress
in the discussion on the WG mailing list, and progress towards
consensus on what our deliverables should say.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 15:31:44 2007
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To: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com scripsit:
> I wrote:
> 
> (I still don't know whether "vls" 
> (639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as a 
> synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)

It does not.

> Sorry, I meant to say that "Flemish" is cited as a synonym on 
> Ethnologue.com.

That is to say, the name "Flemish" has been used for both vls and
the Belgian version of nl.

-- 
Mark Twain on Cecil Rhodes:                    John Cowan
I admire him, I freely admit it,               http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
and when his time comes I shall                cowan@ccil.org
buy a piece of the rope for a keepsake.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 15:35:51 2007
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Randy,

Perhaps a poll for day/time options?

Addison

Randy Presuhn wrote:
> Hi -
> 
>> From: "Shawn Steele" <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
>> To: <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>; "Addison Phillips" <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
>> Cc: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
>> Sent: Wednesday, October 10, 2007 11:54 AM
>> Subject: [Ltru] Teleconference
> ...
>> Is there a plan for another teleconference?
> ...
> 
> There was talk of holding another one on October 24.
> 
> While these discussions have been helpful, I'm concerned that
> rather few people have been actually participating in them.  But
> what is most important is that that progress translates into progress
> in the discussion on the WG mailing list, and progress towards
> consensus on what our deliverables should say.
> 
> Randy
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 15:42:24 2007
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Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> > Is there a plan for another teleconference?
> ...
> 
> There was talk of holding another one on October 24.

That's unnecessarily vague.  There *will* be another one on October 24,
and (I think) every week thereafter until we are deadlocked or there is
consensus.  All are invited and urged to show up.  The dialup information
is always the same:

        Time: 9:00-10:00 Pacific Time
        USA Dial-In #:+1.888.371.8922
        International Dial-In #:+1.617.224.4792
        Participant Passcode: 5837197

(Currently, Pacific Time is UTC-7, so that's 1200 Eastern, 1600 UTC, 1700
WET, 1800 CET.  As of Oct 30, the European time will be an hour earlier;
as of Nov 7 the American times will be an hour earlier relative to UTC.)

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
Big as a house, much bigger than a house, it looked to [Sam], a grey-clad
moving hill.  Fear and wonder, maybe, enlarged him in the hobbit's eyes,
but the Mumak of Harad was indeed a beast of vast bulk, and the like of him
does not walk now in Middle-earth; his kin that live still in latter days are
but memories of his girth and his majesty.  --"Of Herbs and Stewed Rabbit"


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 16:01:54 2007
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'cmn' is not a valid subtag at present. It is part of the 7000+ 
additional subtags in ISO 639-3 that are being added. Presumably nothing 
is tagged with 'cmn' today.

I definitely am against providing both tagging options.

Addison

Shawn Steele wrote:
> I was sort of wondering the same thing.
> 
> I was thinking that to support mistakes, legacy tags & other randomness it might be best if any matching stuff I wrote recognized that cmn & zh-cmn were interchangeable.  It is unclear to me if data is currently tagged as cmn though, although I know some is tagged as zh-cmn.
> 
> - Shawn
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100
> From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
> To: <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>, "'Doug Ewell'"
>         <dewell@roadrunner.com>,        "'LTRU Working Group'" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Message-ID: <04f501c80b22$68debac0$0d00a8c0@CPQ86763045110>
> 
> Hi
> 
> I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have, but why
> not include cwm within the registry and then deprecate in favour of zh-cwm?
> This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by Mark, is
> facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and no-nb etc.  Thus
> if people tag "incorrectly", with, for example, cwm or yue, applications
> would come up with the correct match anyway.
> 
> I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current conversations
> wrt extended language tags but I do think their inclusion would be useful
> for matching purposes.
> 
> Best regards
> 
> Debbie Garside
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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I am definitely against providing both options in the specification as well
-- we should settle on either "ar-arb" or "arb". However, we also must
recognize that, even if we require "ar-arb", in practice we would see a lot
of simple "arb" as input, and implementations would need to deal with it,
typically by equating it to "ar-arb".

Mark

On 10/10/07, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>
> 'cmn' is not a valid subtag at present. It is part of the 7000+
> additional subtags in ISO 639-3 that are being added. Presumably nothing
> is tagged with 'cmn' today.
>
> I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
>
> Addison
>
> Shawn Steele wrote:
> > I was sort of wondering the same thing.
> >
> > I was thinking that to support mistakes, legacy tags & other randomness
> it might be best if any matching stuff I wrote recognized that cmn & zh-cmn
> were interchangeable.  It is unclear to me if data is currently tagged as
> cmn though, although I know some is tagged as zh-cmn.
> >
> > - Shawn
> >
> > ------------------------------
> >
> > Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100
> > From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
> > Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
> > To: <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>, "'Doug Ewell'"
> >         <dewell@roadrunner.com>,        "'LTRU Working Group'" <
> ltru@ietf.org>
> > Message-ID: <04f501c80b22$68debac0$0d00a8c0@CPQ86763045110>
> >
> > Hi
> >
> > I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have, but
> why
> > not include cwm within the registry and then deprecate in favour of
> zh-cwm?
> > This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by
> Mark, is
> > facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and no-nb
> etc.  Thus
> > if people tag "incorrectly", with, for example, cwm or yue, applications
> > would come up with the correct match anyway.
> >
> > I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current
> conversations
> > wrt extended language tags but I do think their inclusion would be
> useful
> > for matching purposes.
> >
> > Best regards
> >
> > Debbie Garside
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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I am definitely against providing both options in the specification as well -- we should settle on either &quot;ar-arb&quot; or &quot;arb&quot;. However, we also must recognize that, <span style="font-style: italic;">even if we require &quot;ar-arb&quot;
</span>, in practice we would see a lot of simple &quot;arb&quot; as input, and implementations would need to deal with it, typically by equating it to &quot;ar-arb&quot;.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">
On 10/10/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Addison Phillips</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com">addison@yahoo-inc.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
&#39;cmn&#39; is not a valid subtag at present. It is part of the 7000+<br>additional subtags in ISO 639-3 that are being added. Presumably nothing<br>is tagged with &#39;cmn&#39; today.<br><br>I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
<br><br>Addison<br><br>Shawn Steele wrote:<br>&gt; I was sort of wondering the same thing.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I was thinking that to support mistakes, legacy tags &amp; other randomness it might be best if any matching stuff I wrote recognized that cmn &amp; zh-cmn were interchangeable.&nbsp;&nbsp;It is unclear to me if data is currently tagged as cmn though, although I know some is tagged as zh-cmn.
<br>&gt;<br>&gt; - Shawn<br>&gt;<br>&gt; ------------------------------<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100<br>&gt; From: &quot;Debbie Garside&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk">debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk
</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags<br>&gt; To: &lt;<a href="mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com">Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com</a>&gt;, &quot;&#39;Doug Ewell&#39;&quot;<br>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com">
dewell@roadrunner.com</a>&gt;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;&#39;LTRU Working Group&#39;&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Message-ID: &lt;04f501c80b22$68debac0$0d00a8c0@CPQ86763045110&gt;<br>&gt;<br>
&gt; Hi<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have, but why<br>&gt; not include cwm within the registry and then deprecate in favour of zh-cwm?<br>&gt; This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by Mark, is
<br>&gt; facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and no-nb etc.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thus<br>&gt; if people tag &quot;incorrectly&quot;, with, for example, cwm or yue, applications<br>&gt; would come up with the correct match anyway.
<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current conversations<br>&gt; wrt extended language tags but I do think their inclusion would be useful<br>&gt; for matching purposes.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Best regards
<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Debbie Garside<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt; _______________________________________________<br>&gt; Ltru mailing list<br>&gt; <a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br>&gt; <a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br><br>--<br>Addison Phillips<br>Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.<br>Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG<br><br>Internationalization is an architecture.<br>It is not a feature.
<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 16:11:46 2007
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 21:10:28 +0100
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Addison wrote:

> I definitely am against providing both tagging options.

But where is the harm in including cmn in the registry and then deprecating
in favour of zh-cmn?  As stated previously, this would catch those who
unwittingly tag with any 639-3 code and are unaware of macrolanguages and
4646bis.

Best regards

Debbie

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com]
> Sent: 10 October 2007 21:01
> To: Shawn Steele
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
>
> 'cmn' is not a valid subtag at present. It is part of the
> 7000+ additional subtags in ISO 639-3 that are being added.
> Presumably nothing is tagged with 'cmn' today.
>
> I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
>
> Addison
>
> Shawn Steele wrote:
> > I was sort of wondering the same thing.
> >
> > I was thinking that to support mistakes, legacy tags &
> other randomness it might be best if any matching stuff I
> wrote recognized that cmn & zh-cmn were interchangeable.  It
> is unclear to me if data is currently tagged as cmn though,
> although I know some is tagged as zh-cmn.
> >
> > - Shawn
> >
> > ------------------------------
> >
> > Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100
> > From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
> > Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
> > To: <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>, "'Doug Ewell'"
> >         <dewell@roadrunner.com>,        "'LTRU Working
> Group'" <ltru@ietf.org>
> > Message-ID: <04f501c80b22$68debac0$0d00a8c0@CPQ86763045110>
> >
> > Hi
> >
> > I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have,
> > but why not include cwm within the registry and then
> deprecate in favour of zh-cwm?
> > This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by
> > Mark, is facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and
> > no-nb etc.  Thus if people tag "incorrectly", with, for
> example, cwm
> > or yue, applications would come up with the correct match anyway.
> >
> > I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current
> > conversations wrt extended language tags but I do think their
> > inclusion would be useful for matching purposes.
> >
> > Best regards
> >
> > Debbie Garside
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>






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Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
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> > I definitely am against providing both tagging options.

> But where is the harm in including cmn in the registry and then deprecati=
ng
> in favour of zh-cmn?  As stated previously, this would catch those who
> unwittingly tag with any 639-3 code and are unaware of macrolanguages and
> 4646bis.

I wasn't suggesting registering both.  Its just my experience that people d=
on't really always pay that much attention, so they might use both.  I was =
merely suggesting that robust applications might want to recognize both for=
ms, even if one was "illegal".

- Shawn


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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
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Right.

On 10/10/07, Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com> wrote:
>
> > > I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
>
> > But where is the harm in including cmn in the registry and then
> deprecating
> > in favour of zh-cmn?  As stated previously, this would catch those who
> > unwittingly tag with any 639-3 code and are unaware of macrolanguages
> and
> > 4646bis.
>
> I wasn't suggesting registering both.  Its just my experience that people
> don't really always pay that much attention, so they might use both.  I was
> merely suggesting that robust applications might want to recognize both
> forms, even if one was "illegal".
>
> - Shawn
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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Right.<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/10/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Shawn Steele</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com">Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
&gt; &gt; I definitely am against providing both tagging options.<br><br>&gt; But where is the harm in including cmn in the registry and then deprecating<br>&gt; in favour of zh-cmn?&nbsp;&nbsp;As stated previously, this would catch those who
<br>&gt; unwittingly tag with any 639-3 code and are unaware of macrolanguages and<br>&gt; 4646bis.<br><br>I wasn&#39;t suggesting registering both.&nbsp;&nbsp;Its just my experience that people don&#39;t really always pay that much attention, so they might use both.&nbsp;&nbsp;I was merely suggesting that robust applications might want to recognize both forms, even if one was &quot;illegal&quot;.
<br><br>- Shawn<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 16:39:51 2007
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From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
To: <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>,
	<addison@yahoo-inc.com>
References: <E1Ifdys-0005rn-RG@megatron.ietf.org><C9BF0238EED3634BA1866AEF14C7A9E55A5988038C@NA-EXMSG-C116.redmond.corp.microsoft.com>
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 21:38:15 +0100
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Shawn wrote:

Its just my experience
> that people don't really always pay that much attention, so
> they might use both.  I was merely suggesting that robust
> applications might want to recognize both forms, even if one
> was "illegal".

But if we already know that is what people will do (which is the case) and
if we are to use extended language subtags with the inclusion of 639-3
within the registry why not include a way to catch the "illegal" tags that
is easy for applications to implement?   I see more use than harm in using
extended language subtags and deprecating the individual 639-3 codes to
facilitate matching.  This can be documented within 4646bis.

Best regards

Debbie


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Shawn Steele [mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com]
> Sent: 10 October 2007 21:30
> To: debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk; addison@yahoo-inc.com
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
>
> > > I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
>
> > But where is the harm in including cmn in the registry and then
> > deprecating in favour of zh-cmn?  As stated previously, this would
> > catch those who unwittingly tag with any 639-3 code and are
> unaware of
> > macrolanguages and 4646bis.
>
> I wasn't suggesting registering both.  Its just my experience
> that people don't really always pay that much attention, so
> they might use both.  I was merely suggesting that robust
> applications might want to recognize both forms, even if one
> was "illegal".
>
> - Shawn
>
>
>






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Without additional disambiguation, this is very confusing to just about 
anyone with a language list that includes Flemish. It is especially 
confusing to me as the editor of ISO 639-3 previously indicated to me and 
the MPAA that this was indeed the tag for the Flemish dialect of Dutch. 
Granted, 639-3 was in DIS status at that point. After ISO 639-3 was 
published, I recommended the "vls" tag for a non-RFC-4646 usage than 
spanned efforts of several studios. 

Could we make a request for just a bit more disambiguation in the 
Ethnologue entry?

This is text I received in a private e-mail about the tag when I presented 
a list of film languages a couple years back and asked for equivalents in 
ISO 639-3. I specifically noted the need to distinguish the Flemish 
dialect of Dutch from the Netherlands variant:

"ISO 639-3 does have an entry for "Flemish", though it happens to use the 
autonym "Vlaams" for the reference name. That is, on the one hand, a 
documentation problem and, on the other, a UI problem: a developer needs 
to be able to discover that the entry "vls, 'Vlaams'" is for Flemish, and 
then they need to determine the UI string they should present to users 
that will allow *them* to find the correct item in a list. 

Regards,

Karen Broome





John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> 
10/10/2007 12:31 PM

To
Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
cc
"ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
Subject
Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)






Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com scripsit:
> I wrote:
> 
> (I still don't know whether "vls" 
> (639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as a 
> synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)

It does not.

> Sorry, I meant to say that "Flemish" is cited as a synonym on 
> Ethnologue.com.

That is to say, the name "Flemish" has been used for both vls and
the Belgian version of nl.

-- 
Mark Twain on Cecil Rhodes:                    John Cowan
I admire him, I freely admit it,               http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
and when his time comes I shall                cowan@ccil.org
buy a piece of the rope for a keepsake.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 10 18:46:45 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
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Read the spec. Items are not permitted to exist in both language and 
extlang. Furthermore, 'deprecated' does not mean illegal. In fact, you'd 
be required to support it as a valid tagging option.

Whether my software chooses to deal with bad tags by equating them to 
something else is up to me (and how it does so), is my problem. Making 
such mappings obligatory (which, as I'll point out, requires registry 
access, something we have historically tried hard to avoid as an 
implementation requirement), I oppose.

Addison

Debbie Garside wrote:
> Addison wrote:
> 
>> I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
> 
> But where is the harm in including cmn in the registry and then deprecating
> in favour of zh-cmn?  As stated previously, this would catch those who
> unwittingly tag with any 639-3 code and are unaware of macrolanguages and
> 4646bis.
> 
> Best regards
> 
> Debbie
> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com]
>> Sent: 10 October 2007 21:01
>> To: Shawn Steele
>> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
>> Subject: Re: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
>>
>> 'cmn' is not a valid subtag at present. It is part of the
>> 7000+ additional subtags in ISO 639-3 that are being added.
>> Presumably nothing is tagged with 'cmn' today.
>>
>> I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
>>
>> Addison
>>
>> Shawn Steele wrote:
>>> I was sort of wondering the same thing.
>>>
>>> I was thinking that to support mistakes, legacy tags &
>> other randomness it might be best if any matching stuff I
>> wrote recognized that cmn & zh-cmn were interchangeable.  It
>> is unclear to me if data is currently tagged as cmn though,
>> although I know some is tagged as zh-cmn.
>>> - Shawn
>>>
>>> ------------------------------
>>>
>>> Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 10:46:18 +0100
>>> From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
>>> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
>>> To: <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>, "'Doug Ewell'"
>>>         <dewell@roadrunner.com>,        "'LTRU Working
>> Group'" <ltru@ietf.org>
>>> Message-ID: <04f501c80b22$68debac0$0d00a8c0@CPQ86763045110>
>>>
>>> Hi
>>>
>>> I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have,
>>> but why not include cwm within the registry and then
>> deprecate in favour of zh-cwm?
>>> This way both are in the registry and the fallback, as described by
>>> Mark, is facilitated. The same could be done for zh-yue and yue and
>>> no-nb etc.  Thus if people tag "incorrectly", with, for
>> example, cwm
>>> or yue, applications would come up with the correct match anyway.
>>>
>>> I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current
>>> conversations wrt extended language tags but I do think their
>>> inclusion would be useful for matching purposes.
>>>
>>> Best regards
>>>
>>> Debbie Garside
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Ltru mailing list
>>> Ltru@ietf.org
>>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>> --
>> Addison Phillips
>> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>> Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
>>
>> Internationalization is an architecture.
>> It is not a feature.
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Ltru mailing list
>> Ltru@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>>
>>
>>
> 
> 
> 
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
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 > why not include a way to catch the "illegal" tags that
 > is easy for applications to implement?

Ur... that's what the registry does. I can catch the fact that "cmn-HK" 
is not valid and it's really easy to implement. What you mean is that I 
should be able to infer that the user really means "zh-cmn-HK", which I 
might be able to do in my software (but which I am free *not* to do at 
present).

After all, plenty of content is labeled with the language tag "english". 
Implementations are free to infer that this really means "en". However, 
they are not obliged to do so.

 > I see more use than harm in using
 > extended language subtags and deprecating the individual
 > 639-3 codes to
 > facilitate matching.  This can be documented within 4646bis.

I sense perhaps some confusion here?

We are not talking about deprecated any ISO 639-3 codes. We are talking 
about how ISO 639-3 codes are incorporated into the registry. 'cmn' is a 
perfectly valid ISO 639-3 code. We have several choices for how to 
include it in the registry:

- as a primary language subtag (making tags like "cmn-Hant-HK" valid)
- as an extlang of 'zh' (making tags like "zh-cmn-Hant-HK" valid)
   // note: notice that I chose an un-grandfathered tag there
- as a primary language subtag that is deprecated (making tags like 
"cmn-Hant-HK" valid, but deprecated)
- not at all (none of the tags in this example would be valid then)

Let me note that "special case" handling and mapping in matching 
algorithms is incredibly painful to build and maintain. If you choose to 
canonicalize tags and ranges before processing, this isn't so bad. But 
if you are a "good citizen" and preserve the original form of the 
tags/ranges for later consumption, one must implement quite complex 
logic for doing what's supposed to be quite simple matching.

Furthermore, this requires, absolutely, access to information above and 
beyond that embodied in the tags/ranges themselves. That is a wholesale 
departure from current practice in matching. While my own 
implementations might very well use such information (and more) to "do 
the right thing", that is *my* application and you might not care for my 
particular implementation choices (they may not be right for your 
application). To the extent that we can describe behaviors that do not 
require registry access, I am content with either primary language 
subtags or extlangs (but NOT both for the same language).

Remember: a deprecated subtag is still a valid subtag.

Addison

PS> Note that the word "valid" in the foregoing refers explicitly to the 
terminology defined in Section 2.2.9 "Classes of Conformance" in the 
current draft of RFC 4646bis (and by intention to the same section in 
RFC 4646).

Debbie Garside wrote:
> Shawn wrote:
> 
> Its just my experience
>> that people don't really always pay that much attention, so
>> they might use both.  I was merely suggesting that robust
>> applications might want to recognize both forms, even if one
>> was "illegal".
> 
> But if we already know that is what people will do (which is the case) and
> if we are to use extended language subtags with the inclusion of 639-3
> within the registry why not include a way to catch the "illegal" tags that
> is easy for applications to implement?   I see more use than harm in using
> extended language subtags and deprecating the individual 639-3 codes to
> facilitate matching.  This can be documented within 4646bis.
> 
> Best regards
> 
> Debbie
> 
> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Shawn Steele [mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com]
>> Sent: 10 October 2007 21:30
>> To: debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk; addison@yahoo-inc.com
>> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
>> Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
>>
>>>> I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
>>> But where is the harm in including cmn in the registry and then
>>> deprecating in favour of zh-cmn?  As stated previously, this would
>>> catch those who unwittingly tag with any 639-3 code and are
>> unaware of
>>> macrolanguages and 4646bis.
>> I wasn't suggesting registering both.  Its just my experience
>> that people don't really always pay that much attention, so
>> they might use both.  I was merely suggesting that robust
>> applications might want to recognize both forms, even if one
>> was "illegal".
>>
>> - Shawn
>>
>>
>>
> 
> 
> 
> 

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
To: <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2007 00:44:03 +0100
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Hi Addison

Comments in line...


>  > why not include a way to catch the "illegal" tags that  >
> is easy for applications to implement?
>
> Ur... that's what the registry does. I can catch the fact
> that "cmn-HK"
> is not valid and it's really easy to implement. What you mean
> is that I should be able to infer that the user really means
> "zh-cmn-HK", which I might be able to do in my software (but
> which I am free *not* to do at present).

That is exactly what I mean.

>
> After all, plenty of content is labeled with the language tag
> "english".
> Implementations are free to infer that this really means
> "en". However, they are not obliged to do so.
>
>  > I see more use than harm in using
>  > extended language subtags and deprecating the individual
> > 639-3 codes to  > facilitate matching.  This can be
> documented within 4646bis.
>
> I sense perhaps some confusion here?

I don't think I am confused at all... Having read your email :-)

> We are not talking about deprecated any ISO 639-3 codes. We
> are talking about how ISO 639-3 codes are incorporated into
> the registry.

That is exactly what I am talking about.

>'cmn' is a perfectly valid ISO 639-3 code.

Agreed

> We
> have several choices for how to include it in the registry:
>
> - as a primary language subtag (making tags like "cmn-Hant-HK" valid)
> - as an extlang of 'zh' (making tags like "zh-cmn-Hant-HK" valid)
>    // note: notice that I chose an un-grandfathered tag there
> - as a primary language subtag that is deprecated (making
> tags like "cmn-Hant-HK" valid, but deprecated)
> - not at all (none of the tags in this example would be valid then)

Indeed.  I understood this perfectly well.  I was attempting to show how cmn
could be incorporated within the registry as an extlang of 'zh' whilst also
covering the back door by registering 'cmn' and then immediately deprecating
'cmn' in favour of 'zh-cmn'.  You already have several deprecated subtags
what is the problem  with a few more to deal with the macrolanguage
scenario?


> Let me note that "special case" handling and mapping in
> matching algorithms is incredibly painful to build and
> maintain. If you choose to canonicalize tags and ranges
> before processing, this isn't so bad. But if you are a "good
> citizen" and preserve the original form of the tags/ranges
> for later consumption, one must implement quite complex logic
> for doing what's supposed to be quite simple matching.

What I have proposed is fairly simple logic for matching purposes.

> Furthermore, this requires, absolutely, access to information
> above and beyond that embodied in the tags/ranges themselves.
> That is a wholesale departure from current practice in
> matching. While my own implementations might very well use
> such information (and more) to "do the right thing", that is
> *my* application and you might not care for my particular
> implementation choices (they may not be right for your
> application). To the extent that we can describe behaviors
> that do not require registry access, I am content with either
> primary language subtags or extlangs (but NOT both for the
> same language).

I am not proposing both for the same language as such.  I am proposing to
deprecate one in favour of the other.

>
> Remember: a deprecated subtag is still a valid subtag.

Yes, I know.  Perhaps you would like to call it something else?  Retired as
part of macrolanguage?  Replaced by?

The whole point is to have both within the registry; one current, one not
current but both valid for matching.  By deprecating cmn to zh-cmn matching
is facilitated.  Text within RFC4646bis can be quite simply written to
explain this.

Now I am going to shut up about it as I am obviously banging my head against
a brick wall.  But I really cannot see what the problem is; other than
people will tag with both zh-cmn and cmn whether we like it or not and I
think it is far better to deal with that scenario within the registry rather
than leave it to application designers who may not be as conversant with
RFC4646bis as you (and maybe) me :-)

Best regards

Debbie



> Addison
>
> PS> Note that the word "valid" in the foregoing refers
> explicitly to the
> terminology defined in Section 2.2.9 "Classes of Conformance"
> in the current draft of RFC 4646bis (and by intention to the
> same section in RFC 4646).
>
> Debbie Garside wrote:
> > Shawn wrote:
> >
> > Its just my experience
> >> that people don't really always pay that much attention, so they
> >> might use both.  I was merely suggesting that robust applications
> >> might want to recognize both forms, even if one was "illegal".
> >
> > But if we already know that is what people will do (which
> is the case)
> > and if we are to use extended language subtags with the
> inclusion of
> > 639-3 within the registry why not include a way to catch
> the "illegal" tags that
> > is easy for applications to implement?   I see more use
> than harm in using
> > extended language subtags and deprecating the individual
> 639-3 codes
> > to facilitate matching.  This can be documented within 4646bis.
> >
> > Best regards
> >
> > Debbie
> >
> >
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: Shawn Steele [mailto:Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com]
> >> Sent: 10 October 2007 21:30
> >> To: debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk; addison@yahoo-inc.com
> >> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> >> Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: duel(ing) tags
> >>
> >>>> I definitely am against providing both tagging options.
> >>> But where is the harm in including cmn in the registry and then
> >>> deprecating in favour of zh-cmn?  As stated previously,
> this would
> >>> catch those who unwittingly tag with any 639-3 code and are
> >> unaware of
> >>> macrolanguages and 4646bis.
> >> I wasn't suggesting registering both.  Its just my experience that
> >> people don't really always pay that much attention, so
> they might use
> >> both.  I was merely suggesting that robust applications
> might want to
> >> recognize both forms, even if one was "illegal".
> >>
> >> - Shawn
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
>
>






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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
To: "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 10 Oct 2007 17:45:12 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
Thread-Topic: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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[cc to JAC]

The documentation problem is something that ISO 639 RAs potentially can and=
 probably should address so that it's clear to implementers that "vls" is i=
ndeed the identifier for the language variety typically meant by the appell=
ation "Flemish".

Note, though, that there's no way to escape the issue Ethnologue is calling=
 out: that "Flemish" and "Vlaams" are sometimes used to refer to the variet=
y usually called (in English) Dutch. If someone wants to find the ID for "F=
lemish", they must first make sure they know what language variety it is th=
ey are really dealing with. That is not a problem that ISO 639 can deal wit=
h.

Also, ISO 639 cannot really deal with the UI issue. Languages can have many=
 names. Some names may go in or out of vogue; some names may be strongly pr=
eferred in some places and simultaneously strongly disparaged in other plac=
es. It is not the role of the ISO 639 JAC or the RAs to give out recommenda=
tions as to what names should be exposed to users in products.

Finally, wrt our email exchange in 2005, I think I may have expressed thing=
s in a way that was misunderstood. I believe this is the bit in question:

<quote>
E.g. Karen mentioned "nld-BE" (3066 would use require nd-BE) for Flemish, t=
hough 639-3 will provide "vls". I expect a successor to RFC 3066 will consi=
der both valid, though we can't force people to use "vls" if they happen to=
 come up with "nd-BE".
</quote>

I'm pretty sure I did not mean to imply by these comments that I considered=
 "vls" appropriate for Dutch spoken in the Flemish region. I believe I thou=
ght we were discussing Flemish aka Vlaams.



Peter


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com [mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, October 10, 2007 1:59 PM
> To: John Cowan
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
>
> Without additional disambiguation, this is very confusing to just about
> anyone with a language list that includes Flemish. It is especially
> confusing to me as the editor of ISO 639-3 previously indicated to me
> and
> the MPAA that this was indeed the tag for the Flemish dialect of Dutch.
> Granted, 639-3 was in DIS status at that point. After ISO 639-3 was
> published, I recommended the "vls" tag for a non-RFC-4646 usage than
> spanned efforts of several studios.
>
> Could we make a request for just a bit more disambiguation in the
> Ethnologue entry?
>
> This is text I received in a private e-mail about the tag when I
> presented
> a list of film languages a couple years back and asked for equivalents
> in
> ISO 639-3. I specifically noted the need to distinguish the Flemish
> dialect of Dutch from the Netherlands variant:
>
> "ISO 639-3 does have an entry for "Flemish", though it happens to use
> the
> autonym "Vlaams" for the reference name. That is, on the one hand, a
> documentation problem and, on the other, a UI problem: a developer
> needs
> to be able to discover that the entry "vls, 'Vlaams'" is for Flemish,
> and
> then they need to determine the UI string they should present to users
> that will allow *them* to find the correct item in a list.
>
> Regards,
>
> Karen Broome
>
>
>
>
>
> John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
> 10/10/2007 12:31 PM
>
> To
> Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
> cc
> "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Subject
> Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com scripsit:
> > I wrote:
> >
> > (I still don't know whether "vls"
> > (639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as
> a
> > synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)
>
> It does not.
>
> > Sorry, I meant to say that "Flemish" is cited as a synonym on
> > Ethnologue.com.
>
> That is to say, the name "Flemish" has been used for both vls and
> the Belgian version of nl.
>
> --
> Mark Twain on Cecil Rhodes:                    John Cowan
> I admire him, I freely admit it,
> http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
> and when his time comes I shall                cowan@ccil.org
> buy a piece of the rope for a keepsake.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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> Ltru@ietf.org
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>
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
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We've been talking about two different models for dealing with
macrolanguages: extlang and no-extlang. In our telephone conversations, a
third has come up: partial-extlang.

The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary language for Y
when it can reliably be assumed that someone who understands X will also
understand Y. That would be the case if all of the microlanguages of Y are
mutually intelligible, or if Y is generally identified with a "prestige"
variant. With this model we wouldn't make all the microlanguages be
secondary, just certain ones like those having ar and zh as macrolanguages.
An example might be zh-yue.

To assess these options, I suggest that the right way to do it is to look at
the textual changes that we would need to make to RFC 4747 in order to have
each of these work -- AND describes the implications for implementers. That
way we can assess actual text that reflects the impact of the models on the
operations that use their structure.

Mark

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We&#39;ve been talking about two different models for dealing with macrolanguages: extlang and no-extlang. In our telephone conversations, a third has come up: partial-extlang.<br><br>The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary language for Y when it can reliably be assumed that someone who understands X will also understand Y. That would be the case if all of the microlanguages of Y are mutually intelligible, or if Y is generally identified with a &quot;prestige&quot; variant. With this model we wouldn&#39;t make all the microlanguages be secondary, just certain ones like those having ar and zh as macrolanguages. An example might be zh-yue.
<br><br>To assess these options, I suggest that the right way to do it is to look at the textual changes that we would need to make to RFC 4747 in order to have each of these work -- AND describes the implications for implementers. That way we can assess actual text that reflects the impact of the models on the operations that use their structure.
<br><br>Mark<br>

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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
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The comment I quoted was in reply to this comment from me. I think it was 
pretty clear that I was talking about dialects of Dutch. The context for 
this comment was not RFC 4646, it was ISO 639-6 and some of the 
interesting things I saw in its hierarchical structure and spoken/written 
distinctions:

Dialects represented here are critical to us even if we only use a small 
subset of these codes. The difference between Dutch and Flemish is 
important in our world. I understand that Dutch productions are often 
subtitled in Flanders because the accent is so different. In written form, 
there is very little to distinguish the two dialects. Even 639-3 doesn't 
recognize Flemish. 

The people tasked with classifying content and developing linguistic 
classifications are usually not people who can tell the difference between 
Flemish and Vlaams given a piece of data that merely says "Flemish." For 
this reason, I request clarification on both the Dutch and Vlaams pages on 
the Ethnologue site. This would help.

This is now probably off-topic for the IETF list, but serves as a reminder 
of the confusion that can result from the combination of such different 
language standards in BCP 47 and the need for adequate documentation and 
disambiguation at the Ethnologue site. I think ISO 639-3 may prove to be 
too complex for the average classifier of linguistic content. 

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384





Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com> 
10/10/2007 05:45 PM

To
"ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
cc
'ISO 639 Joint Advisory Committee' <ISOJAC@loc.gov>
Subject
RE: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)






[cc to JAC]

The documentation problem is something that ISO 639 RAs potentially can 
and probably should address so that it's clear to implementers that "vls" 
is indeed the identifier for the language variety typically meant by the 
appellation "Flemish".

Note, though, that there's no way to escape the issue Ethnologue is 
calling out: that "Flemish" and "Vlaams" are sometimes used to refer to 
the variety usually called (in English) Dutch. If someone wants to find 
the ID for "Flemish", they must first make sure they know what language 
variety it is they are really dealing with. That is not a problem that ISO 
639 can deal with.

Also, ISO 639 cannot really deal with the UI issue. Languages can have 
many names. Some names may go in or out of vogue; some names may be 
strongly preferred in some places and simultaneously strongly disparaged 
in other places. It is not the role of the ISO 639 JAC or the RAs to give 
out recommendations as to what names should be exposed to users in 
products.

Finally, wrt our email exchange in 2005, I think I may have expressed 
things in a way that was misunderstood. I believe this is the bit in 
question:

<quote>
E.g. Karen mentioned "nld-BE" (3066 would use require nd-BE) for Flemish, 
though 639-3 will provide "vls". I expect a successor to RFC 3066 will 
consider both valid, though we can't force people to use "vls" if they 
happen to come up with "nd-BE".
</quote>

I'm pretty sure I did not mean to imply by these comments that I 
considered "vls" appropriate for Dutch spoken in the Flemish region. I 
believe I thought we were discussing Flemish aka Vlaams.



Peter


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com [mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, October 10, 2007 1:59 PM
> To: John Cowan
> Cc: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
>
> Without additional disambiguation, this is very confusing to just about
> anyone with a language list that includes Flemish. It is especially
> confusing to me as the editor of ISO 639-3 previously indicated to me
> and
> the MPAA that this was indeed the tag for the Flemish dialect of Dutch.
> Granted, 639-3 was in DIS status at that point. After ISO 639-3 was
> published, I recommended the "vls" tag for a non-RFC-4646 usage than
> spanned efforts of several studios.
>
> Could we make a request for just a bit more disambiguation in the
> Ethnologue entry?
>
> This is text I received in a private e-mail about the tag when I
> presented
> a list of film languages a couple years back and asked for equivalents
> in
> ISO 639-3. I specifically noted the need to distinguish the Flemish
> dialect of Dutch from the Netherlands variant:
>
> "ISO 639-3 does have an entry for "Flemish", though it happens to use
> the
> autonym "Vlaams" for the reference name. That is, on the one hand, a
> documentation problem and, on the other, a UI problem: a developer
> needs
> to be able to discover that the entry "vls, 'Vlaams'" is for Flemish,
> and
> then they need to determine the UI string they should present to users
> that will allow *them* to find the correct item in a list.
>
> Regards,
>
> Karen Broome
>
>
>
>
>
> John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
> 10/10/2007 12:31 PM
>
> To
> Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
> cc
> "ltru@ietf.org" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Subject
> Re: [Ltru] Extended language tags (long reply)
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com scripsit:
> > I wrote:
> >
> > (I still don't know whether "vls"
> > (639-3) falls back to "nld/dut" in 639-2, though Flemish is cited as
> a
> > synonym for Vlaams in 639-3.)
>
> It does not.
>
> > Sorry, I meant to say that "Flemish" is cited as a synonym on
> > Ethnologue.com.
>
> That is to say, the name "Flemish" has been used for both vls and
> the Belgian version of nl.
>
> --
> Mark Twain on Cecil Rhodes:                    John Cowan
> I admire him, I freely admit it,
> http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
> and when his time comes I shall                cowan@ccil.org
> buy a piece of the rope for a keepsake.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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>
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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Debbie Garside wrote:

> if we already know that is what people will do (which is the case) and
> if we are to use extended language subtags with the inclusion of 639-3
> within the registry why not include a way to catch the "illegal" tags
> that is easy for applications to implement?

Your proposal is a cute hack.
=20
If we're *_not_* using the extlang-construct we'd deprecate zh-cmn with
preferred value cmn.  In both cases we'd end up with about 200 =
deprecated
aliases, don't we ?

 Frank



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Mark Davis wrote:

> The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary language =
for
> Y when it can reliably be assumed that someone who understands X will =
also
> understand Y.

Hard to judge.   One of the sources I used for the Suppress-Script =
modification
requests claims that folks talking "mt" understand "ar-015" but can't =
read it.=20

> That would be the case if all of the microlanguages of Y are mutually =
intelligible,
> or if Y is generally identified with a "prestige" variant.

What's a "prestige variant", is that a weasel word for "zh" ?  I also =
don't like
the term "microlanguage" as long as it's undefined.  Are say "mt", "lb", =
"nds",=20
or "gsw" microlanguages ?

 Frank



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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: RE: duel(ing) tags
Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2007 07:54:33 +0100
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Frank wrote:

> If we're *_not_* using the extlang-construct we'd deprecate
> zh-cmn with preferred value cmn.  In both cases we'd end up
> with about 200 deprecated aliases, don't we ?

Exactly :-)

Debbie


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Frank Ellermann [mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de]
> Sent: 11 October 2007 07:07
> To: ltru@lists.ietf.org
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: RE: duel(ing) tags
>
> Debbie Garside wrote:
>
> > if we already know that is what people will do (which is
> the case) and
> > if we are to use extended language subtags with the
> inclusion of 639-3
> > within the registry why not include a way to catch the
> "illegal" tags
> > that is easy for applications to implement?
>
> Your proposal is a cute hack.
>
> If we're *_not_* using the extlang-construct we'd deprecate
> zh-cmn with preferred value cmn.  In both cases we'd end up
> with about 200 deprecated aliases, don't we ?
>
>  Frank
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>






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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 04:50:33 2007
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: RE: duel(ing) tags
Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2007 09:48:41 +0100
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Frank wrote:

> If we're *_not_* using the extlang-construct we'd deprecate
> zh-cmn with preferred value cmn.  In both cases we'd end up
> with about 200 deprecated aliases, don't we ?

In fact, it is more preferable to deprecate zh-cmn in favour of cmn.  This
way application designers need not include matching for extlang if they
don't want to;  they can purely match to primary language subtags.

Best regards

Debbie



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Frank Ellermann [mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de]
> Sent: 11 October 2007 07:07
> To: ltru@lists.ietf.org
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: RE: duel(ing) tags
>
> Debbie Garside wrote:
>
> > if we already know that is what people will do (which is
> the case) and
> > if we are to use extended language subtags with the
> inclusion of 639-3
> > within the registry why not include a way to catch the
> "illegal" tags
> > that is easy for applications to implement?
>
> Your proposal is a cute hack.
>
> If we're *_not_* using the extlang-construct we'd deprecate
> zh-cmn with preferred value cmn.  In both cases we'd end up
> with about 200 deprecated aliases, don't we ?
>
>  Frank
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>






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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 07:22:58 2007
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Matching Text
Date: Thu, 11 Oct 2007 12:20:32 +0100
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If I was designing a UI for a matching application I would expect the user
to enter the 639-3 code or the language name.  I would then wish to inform
the user that this code forms part of a macrolanguage that encompasses a
number of other languages and offer the user an option to include, via some
check box facility,  any or all or none of the related codes as secondary
matches.  This puts the decision on the end user and negates the need for us
to make any decisions as to intelligibility. Just my limited application :-)
 
Best regards
 
Debbie


  _____  

From: Mark Davis [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org] 
Sent: 11 October 2007 02:04
To: LTRU Working Group
Subject: [Ltru] Matching Text


We've been talking about two different models for dealing with
macrolanguages: extlang and no-extlang. In our telephone conversations, a
third has come up: partial-extlang.

The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary language for Y
when it can reliably be assumed that someone who understands X will also
understand Y. That would be the case if all of the microlanguages of Y are
mutually intelligible, or if Y is generally identified with a "prestige"
variant. With this model we wouldn't make all the microlanguages be
secondary, just certain ones like those having ar and zh as macrolanguages.
An example might be zh-yue. 

To assess these options, I suggest that the right way to do it is to look at
the textual changes that we would need to make to RFC 4747 in order to have
each of these work -- AND describes the implications for implementers. That
way we can assess actual text that reflects the impact of the models on the
operations that use their structure. 

Mark



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<BODY>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D024451411-11102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
color=3D#0000ff size=3D2>If I was designing a UI for a matching =
application I would=20
expect the user to enter the 639-3 code or the language name.&nbsp; I =
would then=20
wish to inform the user that this code forms part of a macrolanguage =
that=20
encompasses a number of other languages and offer the user an option to =
include,=20
via some check box facility, &nbsp;any or all or none of the related =
codes as=20
secondary matches.&nbsp; This puts the decision on the end user and =
negates the=20
need for us to make any decisions as to intelligibility. Just my limited =

application :-)</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D024451411-11102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D024451411-11102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Best regards</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D024451411-11102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D024451411-11102007><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Debbie</FONT></SPAN></DIV><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader lang=3Den-us dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft>
  <HR tabIndex=3D-1>
  <FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2><B>From:</B> Mark Davis=20
  [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org] <BR><B>Sent:</B> 11 October 2007=20
  02:04<BR><B>To:</B> LTRU Working Group<BR><B>Subject:</B> [Ltru] =
Matching=20
  Text<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
  <DIV></DIV>We've been talking about two different models for dealing =
with=20
  macrolanguages: extlang and no-extlang. In our telephone =
conversations, a=20
  third has come up: partial-extlang.<BR><BR>The partial-extlang model =
is where=20
  we only make X a secondary language for Y when it can reliably be =
assumed that=20
  someone who understands X will also understand Y. That would be the =
case if=20
  all of the microlanguages of Y are mutually intelligible, or if Y is =
generally=20
  identified with a "prestige" variant. With this model we wouldn't make =
all the=20
  microlanguages be secondary, just certain ones like those having ar =
and zh as=20
  macrolanguages. An example might be zh-yue. <BR><BR>To assess these =
options, I=20
  suggest that the right way to do it is to look at the textual changes =
that we=20
  would need to make to RFC 4747 in order to have each of these work -- =
AND=20
  describes the implications for implementers. That way we can assess =
actual=20
  text that reflects the impact of the models on the operations that use =
their=20
  structure. <BR><BR>Mark<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Frank Ellermann" <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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Debbie Garside wrote:

> If I was designing a UI for a matching application I would expect the
> user to enter the 639-3 code or the language name.  I would then wish
> to inform the user that this code forms part of a macrolanguage that
> encompasses a number of other languages and offer the user an option
> to include, via some check box facility,  any or all or none of the
> related codes as secondary matches.  This puts the decision on the end
> user and negates the need for us to make any decisions as to
> intelligibility. Just my limited application :-)

Sounds fine for a user configuring Accept-Languages for his browser,
at least for languages with a Suppress-Script.  But that's only one
side of it. =20

My limited application is tagging Web pages, and I wasn't too thrilled
when Google searches for English pages missed my en-GB-oed pages.

 Frank



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On Wed, Oct 10, 2007 at 06:03:36PM -0700,
 Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote 
 a message of 54 lines which said:

> The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary
> language for Y when it can reliably be assumed that someone who
> understands X will also understand Y.

Won't it be a problem similar to the Suppress-Script issue?
ietf-languages will have to evaluate languages and assess wether they
are or not compatible, since the information is not in ISO-639. 

Unlike the other two proposals, this one is apparently not
implementable by using only the ISO 639 standard.
 
> To assess these options, I suggest that the right way to do it is to
> look at the textual changes that we would need to make to RFC 4747
> in order to have each of these work -- AND describes the
> implications for implementers.

IMHO, the first thing to do would be to try to classify every
macrolanguage in 639-3 according to this plan. We will probably
discover it is complicated and flame-generating.



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 09:07:21 2007
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To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Matching Text
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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> One of the sources I used for the Suppress-Script modification requests
> claims that folks talking "mt" understand "ar-015" but can't read it.

Reasonable.  Of course, they are going to lack vocabulary items that
have been replaced in Maltese by English and Italian borrowings.

> What's a "prestige variant", is that a weasel word for "zh" ?

Macrolanguages come in two basic types.  In the first type, there is a
single encompassed language (Mandarin for Chinese, Standard Arabic for
Arabic, Eastern Yiddish for Yiddish, Swahili (individual language) for
Swahili (macrolanguage), e.g.) which has much higher numbers and status
than the others.  In the other type, there is no such dominance among
the group of encompassed languages (Sardinian, Quechua, Romany, e.g.).
Sometimes the answer is unclear: Tosk Albanian is the basis of Standard
Albanian, but is spoken by only about 48% of all Albanian-speakers.

> I also don't like the term "microlanguage" as long as it's undefined.

It's the slang of this list for "language encompassed, according to
ISO 639-3, by a macrolanguage".  It will never be an official term.

> Are say "mt", "lb", "nds", or "gsw" microlanguages ?

Since none of them appear at
http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/macrolanguages.asp , the answer is "no"
by definition.  All of them are part of the German dialect continuum,
but then so is "nl".  Sociolinguistically they all function as separate
languages.

-- 
Unless it was by accident that I had            John Cowan
offended someone, I never apologized.           cowan@ccil.org
        --Quentin Crisp                         http://www.ccil.org/~cowan


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 10:33:53 2007
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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> IMHO, the first thing to do would be to try to classify every
> macrolanguage in 639-3 according to this plan. We will probably
> discover it is complicated and flame-generating.

Indeed.  I've already mentioned the case of Albanian, and Azerbaijani
is even more contentious:  North Azerbaijani is the basis for the official
language of Azerbaijan, but only about 22% of Azerbaijani speakers use it.
What's more, as Ethnologue delicately says:

        North and South Azerbaijani are spoken by one ethnic group. Each
        language group is reluctant to accept the written form of
        the other.

That is, North Azerbaijani is written in the Latin and Cyrillic scripts,
South Azerbaijani in the Arabic script.  Ethnologue says there are
"significant differences" between the two, but provides no estimates
of shared lexicon; other sources claim that mutual intelligibility
is easily attained, and even with eastern Turkish and with Turkmen.

-- 
There is no real going back.  Though I          John Cowan
may come to the Shire, it will not seem         cowan@ccil.org
the same; for I shall not be the same.          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
I am wounded with knife, sting, and tooth,
and a long burden.  Where shall I find rest?           --Frodo


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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Frank Ellermann" <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Matching Text
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At Google we end up having to only regard the tags on Web pages as (weak)
hints, because so many pages are so badly tagged. Instead, we have to do
automated detection. I believe the other search engines do this as well.
Detection cannot effectively distinguish between relatively small variants
of a language, as typically expressed by variant subtags, or even
significant ones like most country variants. So for those cases, those
features are not distinguished when pages are indexed.

The situation is far worst for charsets, since a bad tag there has a much more
serious impact than just getting the language wrong.

The situation is very different for localization, rather than search. There
we can support country variants, such as en vs en-GB, more effectively.

Mark

BTW. For those of you coming to the Unicode conference next week, I'll be
giving a paper on how Google handles Unicode, charsets, and languages; I
think there will be discussions of those issues by other companies as well.

On 10/11/07, Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:
>
> Debbie Garside wrote:
>
> > If I was designing a UI for a matching application I would expect the
> > user to enter the 639-3 code or the language name.  I would then wish
> > to inform the user that this code forms part of a macrolanguage that
> > encompasses a number of other languages and offer the user an option
> > to include, via some check box facility,  any or all or none of the
> > related codes as secondary matches.  This puts the decision on the end
> > user and negates the need for us to make any decisions as to
> > intelligibility. Just my limited application :-)
>
> Sounds fine for a user configuring Accept-Languages for his browser,
> at least for languages with a Suppress-Script.  But that's only one
> side of it.
>
> My limited application is tagging Web pages, and I wasn't too thrilled
> when Google searches for English pages missed my en-GB-oed pages.
>
> Frank
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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At Google we end up having to only regard the tags on Web pages as (weak) hints, because so many pages are so badly tagged. Instead, we have to do automated detection. I believe the other search engines do this as well. Detection cannot effectively distinguish between relatively small variants of a language, as typically expressed by variant subtags, or even significant ones like most country variants. So for those cases, those features are not distinguished when pages are indexed.
<br><br>The situation is far worst for charsets, since a bad tag there has a <span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">much </span>more serious impact than just getting the language wrong. <br><br>The situation is very different for localization, rather than search. There we can support country variants, such as en vs en-GB, more effectively.
<br><br>Mark<br><br>BTW. For those of you coming to the Unicode conference next week, I&#39;ll be
giving a paper on how Google handles Unicode, charsets, and languages; I think there will be discussions of those issues by other companies as well.<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/11/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">
Frank Ellermann</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de">nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Debbie Garside wrote:<br><br>&gt; If I was designing a UI for a matching application I would expect the<br>&gt; user to enter the 639-3 code or the language name.&nbsp;&nbsp;I would then wish<br>&gt; to inform the user that this code forms part of a macrolanguage that
<br>&gt; encompasses a number of other languages and offer the user an option<br>&gt; to include, via some check box facility,&nbsp;&nbsp;any or all or none of the<br>&gt; related codes as secondary matches.&nbsp;&nbsp;This puts the decision on the end
<br>&gt; user and negates the need for us to make any decisions as to<br>&gt; intelligibility. Just my limited application :-)<br><br>Sounds fine for a user configuring Accept-Languages for his browser,<br>at least for languages with a Suppress-Script.&nbsp;&nbsp;But that&#39;s only one
<br>side of it.<br><br>My limited application is tagging Web pages, and I wasn&#39;t too thrilled<br>when Google searches for English pages missed my en-GB-oed pages.<br><br> Frank<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________
<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all">
<br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 11:23:32 2007
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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Stephane Bortzmeyer" <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
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I should have mentioned the other part of it. The extlang mechanism is only
for backwards compatibility in the first place, so for the partial-extlang
model we'd only need to look at cases where there has been a lot of tagging
data with the macrolanguage tag because the microlanguage tags were not
available.

On 10/11/07, Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote:
>
> On Wed, Oct 10, 2007 at 06:03:36PM -0700,
> Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote
> a message of 54 lines which said:
>
> > The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary
> > language for Y when it can reliably be assumed that someone who
> > understands X will also understand Y.
>
> Won't it be a problem similar to the Suppress-Script issue?
> ietf-languages will have to evaluate languages and assess wether they
> are or not compatible, since the information is not in ISO-639.
>
> Unlike the other two proposals, this one is apparently not
> implementable by using only the ISO 639 standard.
>
> > To assess these options, I suggest that the right way to do it is to
> > look at the textual changes that we would need to make to RFC 4747
> > in order to have each of these work -- AND describes the
> > implications for implementers.
>
> IMHO, the first thing to do would be to try to classify every
> macrolanguage in 639-3 according to this plan. We will probably
> discover it is complicated and flame-generating.
>
>


-- 
Mark

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I should have mentioned the other part of it. The extlang mechanism is only for backwards compatibility in the first place, so for the partial-extlang model we&#39;d only need to look at cases where there has been a lot of tagging data with the macrolanguage tag because the microlanguage tags were not available.
<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/11/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Stephane Bortzmeyer</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:bortzmeyer@nic.fr">bortzmeyer@nic.fr</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
On Wed, Oct 10, 2007 at 06:03:36PM -0700,<br> Mark Davis &lt;<a href="mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org">mark.davis@icu-project.org</a>&gt; wrote<br> a message of 54 lines which said:<br><br>&gt; The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary
<br>&gt; language for Y when it can reliably be assumed that someone who<br>&gt; understands X will also understand Y.<br><br>Won&#39;t it be a problem similar to the Suppress-Script issue?<br>ietf-languages will have to evaluate languages and assess wether they
<br>are or not compatible, since the information is not in ISO-639.<br><br>Unlike the other two proposals, this one is apparently not<br>implementable by using only the ISO 639 standard.<br><br>&gt; To assess these options, I suggest that the right way to do it is to
<br>&gt; look at the textual changes that we would need to make to RFC 4747<br>&gt; in order to have each of these work -- AND describes the<br>&gt; implications for implementers.<br><br>IMHO, the first thing to do would be to try to classify every
<br>macrolanguage in 639-3 according to this plan. We will probably<br>discover it is complicated and flame-generating.<br><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 13:35:52 2007
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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Matching Text
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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "John Cowan" <cowan@ccil.org>
> To: "Frank Ellermann" <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
> Cc: <ltru@lists.ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, October 11, 2007 6:06 AM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Matching Text
>
> Frank Ellermann scripsit:
...
> > What's a "prestige variant", is that a weasel word for "zh" ?

It's a term from the field of sociolinguistics, used to describe a variant
that is favored in such ways as being taught in schools, used by TV
and radio announcers, etc. 

> Macrolanguages come in two basic types.  In the first type, there is a
> single encompassed language (Mandarin for Chinese, Standard Arabic for
> Arabic, Eastern Yiddish for Yiddish, Swahili (individual language) for
> Swahili (macrolanguage), e.g.) which has much higher numbers and status
> than the others.  In the other type, there is no such dominance among
> the group of encompassed languages (Sardinian, Quechua, Romany, e.g.).
> Sometimes the answer is unclear: Tosk Albanian is the basis of Standard
> Albanian, but is spoken by only about 48% of all Albanian-speakers.

I think this perspective can help clearly illustrate the difference in how different people
in this WG understand the problem.  Here's how I would have put it:

Macrolanguages come in two basic types.  In the first type, the string which forms
the macrolanguage subtag has historically been used as a tag for a particular
language.  As a consequence of the dominance of a particular variety of that language,
common usage has resulted in a situation where, in the field, the macrolanguage
subtag is effectively equivalent to the tag for the dominant variety.  In the second
type, there is no such history of usage, or no significant body of data tagged
in that way exists.  In this case, the macrolanguage subtag by itself merely has
the semantic "undifferentiated Foo", meaning the content could be from any
member of that macrolanguage family.

More succinctly: some view "macrolanguage" as being effectively equivalent
to some dominant or (likely) mutually intelligible member of the group, while
others view "macrolanguage" as being simply an abstraction, not corresponding
to any specific member of the group.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 13:42:59 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: RE: duel(ing) tags
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Debbie Garside wrote:
> 
>> If we're *_not_* using the extlang-construct we'd deprecate
>> zh-cmn with preferred value cmn.  In both cases we'd end up
>> with about 200 deprecated aliases, don't we ?
> 
> Exactly :-)
> 

In the former case (deprecating "zh-cmn" and associates), we would be 
deprecating *existing* grandfathered tags.

In the latter case (deprecating "cmn" and friends), we would be *adding* 
items into the registry in a deprecated state. This is, in part, what 
bothers me.

There is no need to make these codes valid as primary language tags if 
they serve no purpose there. Making it legal for people to create 
undesirable codes "just because they will anyway" will contribute to 
poor tagging practice and a proliferation of tags synonymous in meaning 
but not in form. We already know this is bad: why encourage it?

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Debbie Garside wrote:
> 
>> If we're *_not_* using the extlang-construct we'd deprecate
>> zh-cmn with preferred value cmn.  In both cases we'd end up
>> with about 200 deprecated aliases, don't we ?
> 
> Exactly :-)
> 

In the former case (deprecating "zh-cmn" and associates), we would be 
deprecating *existing* grandfathered tags.

In the latter case (deprecating "cmn" and friends), we would be *adding* 
items into the registry in a deprecated state. This is, in part, what 
bothers me.

There is no need to make these codes valid as primary language tags if 
they serve no purpose there. Making it legal for people to create 
undesirable codes "just because they will anyway" will contribute to 
poor tagging practice and a proliferation of tags synonymous in meaning 
but not in form. We already know this is bad: why encourage it?

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 13:42:59 2007
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Randy Presuhn wrote:
> 
> More succinctly: some view "macrolanguage" as being effectively equivalent
> to some dominant or (likely) mutually intelligible member of the group, while
> others view "macrolanguage" as being simply an abstraction, not corresponding
> to any specific member of the group.
> 

I would put a slight twist on that. I would say that "some view some of 
the macrolanguages as being effectively equivalent to some dominant 
(etc.) member of the group while viewing other macrolanguages of being 
simply an abstraction".

That is, I think both cases exist simultaneously.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Randy Presuhn wrote:
> 
> More succinctly: some view "macrolanguage" as being effectively equivalent
> to some dominant or (likely) mutually intelligible member of the group, while
> others view "macrolanguage" as being simply an abstraction, not corresponding
> to any specific member of the group.
> 

I would put a slight twist on that. I would say that "some view some of 
the macrolanguages as being effectively equivalent to some dominant 
(etc.) member of the group while viewing other macrolanguages of being 
simply an abstraction".

That is, I think both cases exist simultaneously.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 11 15:06:24 2007
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> My limited application is tagging Web pages, and I wasn't too thrilled
> when Google searches for English pages missed my en-GB-oed pages.

Google doesn't like my tlh-US user locale either :-)

- Shawn


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 03:01:29 2007
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> By this standard, the Type, Subtag, Tag, Prefix, Preferred-Value, and 
> Suppress-Script fields are normative; the Description, Added, 
> Deprecated, Comments, and File-Date fields are informative.

Thanks to all for setting me straight on this point.  It started as just 
an example, but I apologize for the confusion.

As I predicted, I think I misunderstood what Shawn Steele said about the 
Registry only providing guidelines, so my whole response is moot anyway.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages



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Debbie Garside <debbie at ictmarketing dot co dot uk> wrote:

> I may have missed the answer to this question, apologies if I have, 
> but why not include cwm within the registry and then deprecate in 
> favour of zh-cwm? This way both are in the registry and the fallback, 
> as described by Mark, is facilitated. The same could be done for 
> zh-yue and yue and no-nb etc.  Thus if people tag "incorrectly", with, 
> for example, cwm or yue, applications would come up with the correct 
> match anyway.
>
> I cannot pretend that I understand the entirety of the current 
> conversations wrt extended language tags but I do think their 
> inclusion would be useful for matching purposes.

I would not be in favor of creating 482 new deprecated-at-birth subtags. 
I think "deprecated" is a necessary evil that is needed when an ISO code 
element is withdrawn or a mistake is found.  It should not be a 
mechanism for implementing fallback.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages



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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> It only makes sense to do this as a heuristic when the speaker of the 
> microlanguage is extremely likely to speak the macrolanguage.

And so once again, the concept of "macrolanguage" is represented not as 
ISO 639-3 intended it, as a family of languages that are sometimes 
considered a single language for some purposes, but rather as a 
specific, dominant language within that family.

If this is the definition we apply to the term "macrolanguage," and if 
we understand "zh-yue" as a signal to fall back from Cantonese to 
Mandarin, then the no-extlang proponents are certain to win this battle.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 03:29:24 2007
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> wrote:

> Perhaps a poll for day/time options?

I'm not going to be able to make another 9:00 weekday time slot for the 
foreseeable future.  I used up all my zorch making the first one.

Believe it or not, 6:00 Pacific time (currently 13:00 UTC) would fit my 
schedule much better, though I understand it would be murder on others, 
and I'm not holding my breath that it will be changed.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 03:38:54 2007
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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> We've been talking about two different models for dealing with 
> macrolanguages: extlang and no-extlang. In our telephone 
> conversations, a third has come up: partial-extlang.
>
> The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary language 
> for Y when it can reliably be assumed that someone who understands X 
> will also understand Y. That would be the case if all of the 
> microlanguages of Y are mutually intelligible, or if Y is generally 
> identified with a "prestige" variant. With this model we wouldn't make 
> all the microlanguages be secondary, just certain ones like those 
> having ar and zh as macrolanguages. An example might be zh-yue.

Would we have to make this decision on a case-by-case basis for each of 
several hundred encompassed languages?

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 03:48:38 2007
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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> The extlang mechanism is only for backwards compatibility in the first 
> place,

I thought John Cowan had said repeatedly -- including at the beginning 
of the first teleconference -- that this was not true, that 
language-extlang was also intended as a shim between the ISO 639-2 and 
639-3 worlds, neither of which is "wrong."  Not all tagging scenarios 
call for maximum specificity; sometimes it really is just "Chinese" and 
not "Mandarin or Cantonese or Wu or Hakka or Gan or Min-Nan or...."

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 06:08:31 2007
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags
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Hi Doug

> I would not be in favor of creating 482 new
> deprecated-at-birth subtags.
> I think "deprecated" is a necessary evil that is needed when
> an ISO code element is withdrawn or a mistake is found.  It
> should not be a mechanism for implementing fallback.

To be honest, the whole macrolanguage scenario has been developed to deal
with historical coding errors and the great extlang debate is the result.  I
really cannot see the harm in this proposal.  I know it is not what this
function was originally designed for but it would be using the RFC to its
optimum. I would imagine that good application designers will incorporate
something like this anyway so to standardize such a hack (as Frank calls it)
is sensible.  It is what standardization is all about.

Best regards

Debbie






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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 06:47:18 2007
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: RE: duel(ing) tags
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Hi Addison

>Making it legal
> for people to create undesirable codes "just because they
> will anyway" will contribute to poor tagging practice and a
> proliferation of tags synonymous in meaning but not in form.
> We already know this is bad: why encourage it?

I don't think we would be encouraging it.  Users of the RFC or BCP who have
good knowledge of the system will still tag correctly but users who have
little or no knowledge will, for sure, tag incorrectly anyway.  I think
prevention is better than cure.

If we do not do this it will result in application designers having to
incorporate it within their systems in an ad hoc way (cure).  Will this
facilitate interchange with other systems?  Not unless it is standardized
(prevention) IMHO.

Maybe I am wrong, but I can see good use for extlang (probably because ISO
639-6 is hierarchical and works in the same way :-)).

Best regards

Debbie

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Addison Phillips [mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com]
> Sent: 11 October 2007 18:42
> To: debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk
> Cc: nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de; ltru@lists.ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: RE: duel(ing) tags
>
> Debbie Garside wrote:
> >
> >> If we're *_not_* using the extlang-construct we'd deprecate zh-cmn
> >> with preferred value cmn.  In both cases we'd end up with
> about 200
> >> deprecated aliases, don't we ?
> >
> > Exactly :-)
> >
>
> In the former case (deprecating "zh-cmn" and associates), we
> would be deprecating *existing* grandfathered tags.
>
> In the latter case (deprecating "cmn" and friends), we would
> be *adding* items into the registry in a deprecated state.
> This is, in part, what bothers me.
>
> There is no need to make these codes valid as primary
> language tags if they serve no purpose there. Making it legal
> for people to create undesirable codes "just because they
> will anyway" will contribute to poor tagging practice and a
> proliferation of tags synonymous in meaning but not in form.
> We already know this is bad: why encourage it?
>
> Addison
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
>
>






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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 10:15:02 2007
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Would we have to make this decision on a case-by-case basis for each of 
> several hundred encompassed languages?

No, just for the macrolanguages.  But I agree that it's contentious.

-- 
The man that wanders far                        cowan@ccil.org
from the walking tree                           http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
        --first line of a non-existent poem by:         John Cowan


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 10:15:31 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags (long reply)
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> And so once again, the concept of "macrolanguage" is represented not as 
> ISO 639-3 intended it, as a family of languages that are sometimes 
> considered a single language for some purposes, but rather as a 
> specific, dominant language within that family.

Even if you don't take that view (and I don't), it's idle to deny
that almost everything textual tagged "zh" or "ar" is Mandarin Chinese
or Standard Arabic respectively, as an uncontroversial consequence
of the fact that almost all written documents in Chinese or Arabic
*are* Mandarin or Standard respectively.

-- 
I now introduce Professor Smullyan,             John Cowan
who will prove to you that either               cowan@ccil.org
he doesn't exist or you don't exist,            http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
but you won't know which.                               --Melvin Fitting


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 11:27:35 2007
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John Cowan wrote:
> 
> Even if you don't take that view (and I don't), it's idle to deny
> that almost everything textual tagged "zh" or "ar" is Mandarin Chinese
> or Standard Arabic respectively, as an uncontroversial consequence
> of the fact that almost all written documents in Chinese or Arabic
> *are* Mandarin or Standard respectively.
> 

Actually, I don't know that I would say that, at least in the case of 
Chinese.

In fact, for most Chinese written documents, I would tend to say that it 
isn't possible to discern which specific Chinese language they are in. 
You could represent that as being "in Mandarin", since that is the 
source of the written form, but in practical terms there is little 
enough difference between Cantonese and Mandarin at the written level to 
really know. In fact, it is a very useful fiction that these languages 
are "the same".

This is one reason that I prefer my workaround for the lookup algorithm 
using extlangs to Mark's recent suggestion on list: it recognizes that, 
for written resources, "generic" Chinese plus subtags is a better 
fallback than the second language in your language priority list.

[[As a reminder Mark's suggestion was to make fallback for the LPL 
"zh-yue-Hant-HK;en" to be:

  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  en
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  (default)

And mine was:

  zh-yue-Hant-HK
  zh-yue-Hant
  zh-yue
  zh-Hant-HK
  zh-Hant
  zh
  en
  (default)

]]

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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This is precisely why I think this should not be baked into extlang. For
some applications it might be better off to fallback "yue, en" as


   1. yue-Hant-HK
   2. yue-Hant
   3. yue
   4. zh-Hant-HK
   5. zh-Hant
   6. zh
   7. en


But there is a big maybe here. According to Lee Collins, who is well versed
in this area, there are two cases:
1. Standard written Chinese read as Cantonese.
2. Written Cantonese.

1. Can't be distinguished at the script level from Mandarin,
2. can be as easily discerned as easily as any other language. It's as
different, say, as dutch is from English. Some words look the same, but a
mandarin speaker couldn't read it.

So the situation is not that clear. And certainly in other circumstances
(like audio), it is much better to actually honor the user's request, and
fall back like


   1. yue-Hant-HK
   2. yue-Hant
   3. yue
   4. en
   5. (default, which could expand to)
      1. zh-Hant-HK
      2. zh-Hant
      3. zh


That's why if we leave this up to the application, which knows what domain
it is working in, we're better off than if we hard code a relationship that
sometimes works, but requires code changes anyway, and I think more often
fails.

This situation is very similar to another case that we have already. We
could have used extlang with gsw (Swiss German). We could have said: Hmm,
there was no way to tag Swiss German before, so we might have ended up with
such content tagged as "de" instead. And, hmmm, when the Swiss write German,
they typically use High German, so the written form is essentially the same
(with the exception of sharp-s). So let's make the tag be "de-gsw" instead.

But we didn't bake this relationship into the codes; instead we leave this
to the application, to handle appropriate to the domain.

Mark

On 10/12/07, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:
>
> John Cowan wrote:
> >
> > Even if you don't take that view (and I don't), it's idle to deny
> > that almost everything textual tagged "zh" or "ar" is Mandarin Chinese
> > or Standard Arabic respectively, as an uncontroversial consequence
> > of the fact that almost all written documents in Chinese or Arabic
> > *are* Mandarin or Standard respectively.
> >
>
> Actually, I don't know that I would say that, at least in the case of
> Chinese.
>
> In fact, for most Chinese written documents, I would tend to say that it
> isn't possible to discern which specific Chinese language they are in.
> You could represent that as being "in Mandarin", since that is the
> source of the written form, but in practical terms there is little
> enough difference between Cantonese and Mandarin at the written level to
> really know. In fact, it is a very useful fiction that these languages
> are "the same".
>
> This is one reason that I prefer my workaround for the lookup algorithm
> using extlangs to Mark's recent suggestion on list: it recognizes that,
> for written resources, "generic" Chinese plus subtags is a better
> fallback than the second language in your language priority list.
>
> [[As a reminder Mark's suggestion was to make fallback for the LPL
> "zh-yue-Hant-HK;en" to be:
>
>   zh-yue-Hant-HK
>   zh-yue-Hant
>   zh-yue
>   en
>   zh-Hant-HK
>   zh-Hant
>   zh
>   (default)
>
> And mine was:
>
>   zh-yue-Hant-HK
>   zh-yue-Hant
>   zh-yue
>   zh-Hant-HK
>   zh-Hant
>   zh
>   en
>   (default)
>
> ]]
>
> Addison
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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This is precisely why I think this should not be baked into extlang. For some applications it might be better off to fallback &quot;yue, en&quot; as<br><br><ol><li><span>yue-Hant-HK</span></li><li><span>yue-Hant</span></li>
<li><span>yue</span></li><li><span>zh-Hant-HK</span></li><li><span>
zh-Hant</span></li><li><span>zh</span></li><li><span>en</span></li></ol><span><br>But there is a big maybe here. According to Lee Collins, who is well versed in this area,</span> there are two cases:<div><br></div><div style="margin-left: 40px;">
1. Standard written Chinese read as Cantonese.&nbsp;</div><div style="margin-left: 40px;">2. Written Cantonese.&nbsp;</div><div style="margin-left: 40px;"><br></div><div style="margin-left: 40px;">1.
Can&#39;t be distinguished at the script level from Mandarin, <br>2. can be as
easily discerned as easily as any other language. It&#39;s as different,
say, as dutch is from English. Some words look the same, but a mandarin
speaker couldn&#39;t read it. <br></div><span><br>So the situation is not that clear. And certainly in other circumstances (like audio), it is much better to actually honor the user&#39;s request, and fall back like<br><br>
</span><ol><li><span>yue-Hant-HK</span></li><li><span>yue-Hant</span></li><li><span>
yue</span></li><li><span>en</span></li><li><span>(default, which could expand to)</span></li><ol><li><span>zh-Hant-HK</span></li><li><span>zh-Hant</span></li><li><span>zh</span></li></ol></ol><span><br>That&#39;s why if we leave this up to the application, which knows what domain it is working in, we&#39;re better off than if we hard code a relationship that sometimes works, but requires code changes anyway, and I think more often fails.
<br><br>This situation is very similar to another case that we have already. We could have used extlang with gsw (Swiss German). We could have said: Hmm, there was no way to tag Swiss German before, so we might have ended up with such content tagged as &quot;de&quot; instead. And, hmmm, when the Swiss write German, they typically use High German, so the written form is essentially the same (with the exception of sharp-s).
</span><span>So let&#39;s make the tag be &quot;de-gsw&quot; instead. <br><br>But we didn&#39;t bake this relationship into the codes; instead we leave this to the application, to handle appropriate to the domain.<br></span>
<span><br>Mark</span><br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/12/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Addison Phillips</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
addison@yahoo-inc.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
John Cowan wrote:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Even if you don&#39;t take that view (and I don&#39;t), it&#39;s idle to deny<br>&gt; that almost everything textual tagged &quot;zh&quot; or &quot;ar&quot; is Mandarin Chinese<br>&gt; or Standard Arabic respectively, as an uncontroversial consequence
<br>&gt; of the fact that almost all written documents in Chinese or Arabic<br>&gt; *are* Mandarin or Standard respectively.<br>&gt;<br><br>Actually, I don&#39;t know that I would say that, at least in the case of<br>Chinese.
<br><br>In fact, for most Chinese written documents, I would tend to say that it<br>isn&#39;t possible to discern which specific Chinese language they are in.<br>You could represent that as being &quot;in Mandarin&quot;, since that is the
<br>source of the written form, but in practical terms there is little<br>enough difference between Cantonese and Mandarin at the written level to<br>really know. In fact, it is a very useful fiction that these languages
<br>
are &quot;the same&quot;.<br><br>This is one reason that I prefer my workaround for the lookup algorithm<br>using extlangs to Mark&#39;s recent suggestion on list: it recognizes that,<br>for written resources, &quot;generic&quot; Chinese plus subtags is a better
<br>fallback than the second language in your language priority list.<br><br>[[As a reminder Mark&#39;s suggestion was to make fallback for the LPL<br>&quot;zh-yue-Hant-HK;en&quot; to be:<br><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;en<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)<br><br>And mine was:<br><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-yue<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant-HK<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh-Hant<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;zh<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;en<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;(default)<br><br>]]<br>
<br>
Addison<br><br>--<br>Addison Phillips<br>Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.<br>Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG<br><br>Internationalization is an architecture.<br>It is not a feature.<br><br><br>_______________________________________________
<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank" onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all">
<br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 13:24:53 2007
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Hi -

Forwarded for your information.

Randy

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Hi -

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Friday, October 12, 2007 12:28 AM
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Teleconference
...
> Believe it or not, 6:00 Pacific time (currently 13:00 UTC) would fit my 
> schedule much better, though I understand it would be murder on others, 
> and I'm not holding my breath that it will be changed.
...

This time would also work for me.  Not pleasant, but definitely doable.
It would make participation from eastern Asia less onerous.  Would moving
it from the end to the middle of the European workday garner any
participation from there?

Randy



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To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Teleconference
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It would also work for me.

Addison

Randy Presuhn wrote:
> Hi -
> 
>> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
>> To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
>> Sent: Friday, October 12, 2007 12:28 AM
>> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Teleconference
> ...
>> Believe it or not, 6:00 Pacific time (currently 13:00 UTC) would fit my 
>> schedule much better, though I understand it would be murder on others, 
>> and I'm not holding my breath that it will be changed.
> ...
> 
> This time would also work for me.  Not pleasant, but definitely doable.
> It would make participation from eastern Asia less onerous.  Would moving
> it from the end to the middle of the European workday garner any
> participation from there?
> 
> Randy
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
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-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Date: Fri, 12 Oct 2007 11:13:42 -0700
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 14:21:03 2007
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Date: Fri, 12 Oct 2007 11:20:28 -0700
From: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
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To: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags (long reply)
References: <E1IfeNJ-0002hA-M2@megatron.ietf.org>	<009401c80ca0$5176a5d0$6401a8c0@DGBP7M81>	<20071012141502.GM2710@mercury.ccil.org>	<470F9225.6030108@yahoo-inc.com>
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Shawn Steele wrote:
> =20
>=20
> =C3=98  This is precisely why I think this should not be baked into ext=
lang.=20
> For some applications it might be better off to fallback "yue, en" as

This was a misquote of the original example?? The LPL would be=20
"yue-Hant-HK;en" for this example:

>=20
>    1. yue-Hant-HK
>    2. yue-Hant
>    3. yue
>    4. zh-Hant-HK
>    5. zh-Hant
>    6. zh
>    7. en
>=20
> My interpretation of http-accept-lang and rfc4647 is that if they ask=20
> for yue;en, then you look for
>=20
> =20
>=20
> 1.       =E2=80=9Cyue=E2=80=9D
>=20
> 2.      =E2=80=9Cen=E2=80=9D
>=20
> =20
>=20
> I don=E2=80=99t know where you=E2=80=99re getting the rest of these fro=
m, particularly=20
> the HK variations.  If you want to do something app specific, that=E2=80=
=99s=20
> cool, but that=E2=80=99s app specific.

You're referring to the filtering algorithm. I'm referring to the lookup=20
algorithm, which is in RFC 4647.

For filtering, if you ask for "yue;en", that matches "yue" or "en", but=20
also "yue-HK", "en-Brai-GB", etc.

Addison

--=20
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
To: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Oct 2007 11:24:14 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags (long reply)
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 16:18:09 2007
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Date: Fri, 12 Oct 2007 13:17:04 -0700
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 19:03:11 2007
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Extended language tags (long reply)
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Peter Constable scripsit:

> I don't think there's debate that written Cantonese and written
> Mandarin may be quite unintelligible; I didn't know this much detail,
> but I certainly don't find it surprising. The problem is that 'zh'
> can legitimately be applied to either. So, it's not a matter of
> saying that it's OK to fallback from a request to zh-yue to Mandarin
> resources. It's a matter of how to deal with the vaguaries of 'zh'.

Apparently, however, almost all publicly accessible documents that
are tagged "zh" are in Mandarin.  The issue is whether this fact has
special significance.  I think these three cases represent the different
situations that may exist:

1) Cantonese.  Lack of specifically tagged resources will cause Mandarin
ones to be provided (de facto); this is probably okay, because people
who can read Cantonese can (for the most part) read Mandarin.

2) Pular.  Lack of specifically tagged resources might cause resources
in any Fulah language to be produced.  This is probably harmless.

3) Arbereshe Albanian.  Lack of resources specifically tagged for that
language will probably cause the production of resources in Standard
Albanian.  However, the most useful fallback in practice is probably
Italian, which is entirely outside the Albanian macrolanguage.

-- 
John Cowan        http://www.ccil.org/~cowan          cowan@ccil.org
Please leave your values                Check your assumptions.  In fact,
   at the front desk.                      check your assumptions at the door.
     --sign in Paris hotel                   --Cordelia Vorkosigan


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 19:36:39 2007
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From: Shawn Steele <Shawn.Steele@microsoft.com>
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I think that fallback for certain languages to a macro language is less int=
eresting in some cases than others, but I don't see harm in having the extr=
a tag if the application knows when that is interesting and when it isn't.

I think its clear that some applications have different look up / matching/=
 filtering /whatever behavior requirements, so I don't think RFC 4647 can s=
ay "This is the one way that works."  As an example I think most of the peo=
ple on this list have mentioned implementations that currently do more that=
 what RFC 4646/4647 specify.

I think that a successor to RFC 4647 should suggest that applications be a =
bit smarter.  Its reasonably trivial to parse the proposed extlang tag and =
discover that they have a "zh" macro language, "cmn" language, "hant" scrip=
t, "HK" regional dialect, etc.

>From there it is simple for the application to note that "zh-HK" or "cmn-Ha=
nt" are possible matches.  The application could also go farther and note t=
hat with zh-yue-Hant-HK, perhaps zh-HK isn't a good match because the appli=
cation believes that most "zh" data is Mandarin.  Or it could figure that's=
 OK too because many Cantonese speakers also understand Mandarin.

I think that RFC 4647 should provide matching guidelines rather than "MUST =
trim from the right".  For extra information, like "Breton users might spea=
k French" or "most zh data is Mandarin", the application can either investi=
gate its own desired behavior, or perhaps this could be included in the reg=
istry.

- Shawn




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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Oct 12 23:55:14 2007
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>> And so once again, the concept of "macrolanguage" is represented not 
>> as ISO 639-3 intended it, as a family of languages that are sometimes 
>> considered a single language for some purposes, but rather as a 
>> specific, dominant language within that family.
>
> Even if you don't take that view (and I don't), it's idle to deny that 
> almost everything textual tagged "zh" or "ar" is Mandarin Chinese or 
> Standard Arabic respectively, as an uncontroversial consequence of the 
> fact that almost all written documents in Chinese or Arabic *are* 
> Mandarin or Standard respectively.

Yes, but it is a consequence of that fact, not a deliberate tagging 
convention.  People are not making a conscious decision to restrict use 
of "zh" to Mandarin and resort to "zh-specific" for other Chinese 
languages, on those rare occasions that they occur.

This is why I'm not on board with the oft-stated premise that "zh-yue" 
will cause an intentional fallback to Mandarin.  If it causes a fallback 
to "zh", then it may well retrieve Mandarin, since (as you say) almost 
all written documents in Chinese are Mandarin.  But that isn't by 
design.

--
Doug Ewell * Fullerton, California, USA * RFC 4645 * UTN #14
http://users.adelphia.net/~dewell/
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages



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At 16:38 07/10/12, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:
>
>> We've been talking about two different models for dealing with macrolanguages: extlang and no-extlang. In our telephone conversations, a third has come up: partial-extlang.
>>
>> The partial-extlang model is where we only make X a secondary language for Y when it can reliably be assumed that someone who understands X will also understand Y. That would be the case if all of the microlanguages of Y are mutually intelligible, or if Y is generally identified with a "prestige" variant. With this model we wouldn't make all the microlanguages be secondary, just certain ones like those having ar and zh as macrolanguages. An example might be zh-yue.
>
>Would we have to make this decision on a case-by-case basis for each of several hundred encompassed languages?

I think if we have to do this for each encompased language
(e.g. zh-yue it is, but min, not zh-min, or some such), then
that will be quite a bit of work. If we can restrict it to
be done once per macrolanguage, I think the overhead would
be very manageable. Which one seems more appropriate?

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 15 02:38:23 2007
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Randy Presuhn wrote:

> More succinctly: some view "macrolanguage" as being effectively
> equivalent to some dominant or (likely) mutually intelligible
> member of the group, while others view "macrolanguage" as being
> simply an abstraction, not corresponding to any specific member
> of the group.

Thanks to all for your explanations of "prestige variant" and the
definition of "microlanguage". =20

 Frank

P.S. to Mark, please post an URL to your paper if it's published.




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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 15 16:47:08 2007
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Does anyone know an implementation of this standards track RFC?

                                                    G. Zorn
Request for Comments: 2484                         Microsoft Corporation
Category: Standards Track                                   January 1999


           PPP LCP Internationalization Configuration Option

1.  Abstract

   The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) [1] provides a standard method for
   transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point links.  PPP
   also defines an extensible Link Control Protocol (LCP), which allows
   negotiation of an Authentication Protocol for authenticating its peer
   before allowing Network Layer protocols to transmit over the link.

   Both LCP and Authentication Protocol packets may contain text which
   is intended to be human-readable [2,3,4].  This document defines an
   LCP configuration option for the negotiation of character set and
   language usage, as required by RFC 2277 [5].


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It's on my homepage, http://macchiato.com/. However, it's a presentation,
not a paper, so it is only a sketch of what I will actually discuss.

Mark

On 10/14/07, Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:
>
> Randy Presuhn wrote:
>
> > More succinctly: some view "macrolanguage" as being effectively
> > equivalent to some dominant or (likely) mutually intelligible
> > member of the group, while others view "macrolanguage" as being
> > simply an abstraction, not corresponding to any specific member
> > of the group.
>
> Thanks to all for your explanations of "prestige variant" and the
> definition of "microlanguage".
>
> Frank
>
> P.S. to Mark, please post an URL to your paper if it's published.
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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It&#39;s on my homepage, <a href="http://macchiato.com/">http://macchiato.com/</a>. However, it&#39;s a presentation, not a paper, so it is only a sketch of what I will actually discuss.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div><span class="gmail_quote">
On 10/14/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Frank Ellermann</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de">nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de</a>&gt; wrote:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Randy Presuhn wrote:<br><br>&gt; More succinctly: some view &quot;macrolanguage&quot; as being effectively<br>&gt; equivalent to some dominant or (likely) mutually intelligible<br>&gt; member of the group, while others view &quot;macrolanguage&quot; as being
<br>&gt; simply an abstraction, not corresponding to any specific member<br>&gt; of the group.<br><br>Thanks to all for your explanations of &quot;prestige variant&quot; and the<br>definition of &quot;microlanguage&quot;.
<br><br> Frank<br><br>P.S. to Mark, please post an URL to your paper if it&#39;s published.<br><br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org
</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> It's on my homepage, http://macchiato.com/. However, it's a 
> presentation, not a paper, so it is only a sketch of what I will 
> actually discuss.

I wish I could go.  I wish I wish I wish.

Just out of curiosity, can you explain the comment on frame 9:  "he/iw 
reversed: compatibility"

I think I know what it means, but I hope I'm wrong.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
NEW URL -->  http://home.roadrunner.com/~dewell  <-- NEW URL
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 16 23:02:42 2007
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Just out of curiosity, can you explain the comment on frame 9:  "he/iw 
> reversed: compatibility"
> 
> I think I know what it means, but I hope I'm wrong.

It means, as I happen to know, that "iw" is used internally rather than
"he", for historical reasons.  This is of course perfectly allowable.

-- 
The Imperials are decadent, 300 pound   John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
free-range chickens (except they have   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
teeth, arms instead of wings, and
dinosaurlike tails).                        --Elyse Grasso


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] [ot] he/iw reversed (was: Re: Matching Text)
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

>> Just out of curiosity, can you explain the comment on frame 9: 
>> "he/iw reversed: compatibility"
>
> It means, as I happen to know, that "iw" is used internally rather 
> than "he", for historical reasons.  This is of course perfectly 
> allowable.

Oh, that's fine.  They can use anything they like internally.  I was 
afraid it had something to do with preferring "iw" over "he" in pages 
tagged by users, finding better matches with "iw" or exposing "iw" to 
users in the UI.

"iw" was withdrawn from ISO 639 eighteen years ago, along with "in" and 
"ji", long before there was widespread language tagging of electronic 
documents.  There should be no reason to encourage its continued use.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
NEW URL -->  http://home.roadrunner.com/~dewell  <-- NEW URL
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Oct 20 00:37:10 2007
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] [OT] Seeking French and German linguistic advice
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Sorry for the brief off-topic post.

I'm looking for a bit of linguistic information about French and German 
from native (or "nearly native") speakers of those languages who 
understand the concepts of "phoneme" and "minimal pair."

Please reply to me OFF-LINE.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
NEW E-MAIL -->  dewell at roadrunner dot com
NEW URL -->  http://home.roadrunner.com/~dewell
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Oct 20 14:21:30 2007
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: [OT] Seeking French and German linguistic advice
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On 20 Oct 2007, at 06:34, Doug Ewell wrote:

> I'm looking for a bit of linguistic information about French and =20
> German from native (or "nearly native") speakers of those languages =20=

> who understand the concepts of "phoneme" and "minimal pair."

The Usenet newsgroup sci.lang has a number of linguists discussion =20
such matters.

   Hans =C5berg





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--3V7upXqbjpZ4EhLz
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Although we no longer need such ASCII escapes, this document may
interest readers here since LTRU spent a long time on this subject.

--3V7upXqbjpZ4EhLz
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Subject: Last Call: draft-klensin-unicode-escapes (ASCII Escaping of Unicode
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The IESG has received a request from an individual submitter to consider 
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- 'ASCII Escaping of Unicode Characters '
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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> Although we no longer need such ASCII escapes

For definitions of "we" covering "TINW"... <eg>

So far ltru2xml.awk 0.7 won't survive its first
encounter with an unencoded "&" in a registry,
I hope your converters are already smarter.

 Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Oct 21 14:34:16 2007
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> So far ltru2xml.awk 0.7 won't survive its first
> encounter with an unencoded "&" in a registry,
> I hope your converters are already smarter.

Fortunately, there are no unencoded "&" characters in either the current 
Registry or the one embedded in draft-4645bis, so this is moot.

Perhaps we could specify in RFC 4646bis that standalone "&" must not be 
added to the Registry.  If any description from an ISO standard uses 
standalone "&", we could specify that it must be changed to the word 
"and".  This might provide a modicum of backward compatibility. 
However, in general, some tools will need to be updated.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
NEW E-MAIL -->  dewell at roadrunner dot com
NEW URL -->  http://home.roadrunner.com/~dewell
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 22 02:20:27 2007
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Doug Ewell wrote:

>> So far ltru2xml.awk 0.7 won't survive its first
>> encounter with an unencoded "&" in a registry,
>> I hope your converters are already smarter.
=20
> Fortunately, there are no unencoded "&" characters in either the =
current=20
> Registry or the one embedded in draft-4645bis, so this is moot.

I know, otherwise <http://purl.net/xyzzy/home/ltru/4645bisU.xml> would
have FAILed in the validation:  I fixed the encoding=3D"UTF-8" manually
for this test, of course ltru2xml.awk 0.7 doesn't claim to support =
UTF-8.

> Perhaps we could specify in RFC 4646bis that standalone "&" must
> not be added to the Registry.

Authors of XML converters are supposed to get this right.   We should
however get rid of hex. NCRs if "we" (TINW) adopt UTF-8 in 4646bis.

> NEW URL -->  http://home.roadrunner.com/~dewell

Tnx for info, bookmark updated.  It could be added to the right column
"for standard authors" on <http://www.langtag.net>.=20

 Frank



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
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The last I heard (I was at the conference, then UTC last week), we were
debating over the time of the next phone meeting. I would actually prefer it
postponed until next week, since I'm on vacation this week. I think it would
also be useful to pull in Martin, and for him a time later in the day would
be vastly more appealing (after 16 or 17 PT?).

Mark

------=_Part_3107_14924362.1193163560475
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<div>The last I heard (I was at the conference, then UTC last week), we were debating over the time of the next phone meeting. I would actually prefer it postponed until next week, since I&#39;m on vacation this week. I think it would also be useful to pull in Martin, and for him a time later in the day would be vastly more appealing (after 16 or 17&nbsp;PT?).
</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Mark</div>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 23 14:46:34 2007
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Hi -

As a potential teleconference participant...

> From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
> To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> Cc: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, October 23, 2007 11:19 AM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
>
> The last I heard (I was at the conference, then UTC last week), we were
> debating over the time of the next phone meeting. I would actually prefer it
> postponed until next week, since I'm on vacation this week. I think it would
> also be useful to pull in Martin, and for him a time later in the day would
> be vastly more appealing (after 16 or 17 PT?).
...

I would prefer to *NOT* postpone it.

The later time could work for me as well, but I doubt that it would increase
participation by those in Europe.

On the other hand, a call at 6:00 a.m. PT would be 22:00 in
Japan.  Not great, but probably doable, particularly since the
work cultures in both time zones tend to permit more flexibility
in these matters.  That would be in the middle of the afternoon
in Europe, leaving little excuse for non-participation.

Whatever time is decided, please post it to this list.

Randy



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Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2007 21:11:31 -0500
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
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This week:

   - Tomorrow (Wednesday) I can't make it at 6PT, but can probably make
   9PT.
   - On Friday I will be back at work, and could make either 6PT or 9PT.

Generally, we haven't seen a lot of Europeans take advantage of the earlier
calling time, so if they aren't going to call in, we might as well move to
make it better for Asian callers like Martin.

Mark


On 10/23/07, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote:
>
> Hi -
>
> As a potential teleconference participant...
>
> > From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
> > To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> > Cc: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Tuesday, October 23, 2007 11:19 AM
> > Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
> >
> > The last I heard (I was at the conference, then UTC last week), we were
> > debating over the time of the next phone meeting. I would actually
> prefer it
> > postponed until next week, since I'm on vacation this week. I think it
> would
> > also be useful to pull in Martin, and for him a time later in the day
> would
> > be vastly more appealing (after 16 or 17 PT?).
> ...
>
> I would prefer to *NOT* postpone it.
>
> The later time could work for me as well, but I doubt that it would
> increase
> participation by those in Europe.
>
> On the other hand, a call at 6:00 a.m. PT would be 22:00 in
> Japan.  Not great, but probably doable, particularly since the
> work cultures in both time zones tend to permit more flexibility
> in these matters.  That would be in the middle of the afternoon
> in Europe, leaving little excuse for non-participation.
>
> Whatever time is decided, please post it to this list.
>
> Randy
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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<div>This week:</div>
<ul>
<li>Tomorrow (Wednesday) I can&#39;t make it at 6PT, but can probably make 9PT.</li>
<li>On Friday I will be back at work, and could make either 6PT or 9PT.</li></ul>
<p>Generally, we haven&#39;t seen a lot of Europeans take advantage of the earlier calling time, so if they aren&#39;t going to call in, we might as well move to make it better for Asian callers like Martin.</p>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Mark<br><br>&nbsp;</div>
<div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/23/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">Randy Presuhn</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">randy_presuhn@mindspring.com</a>&gt; wrote:</span>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid">Hi -<br><br>As a potential teleconference participant...<br><br>&gt; From: &quot;Mark Davis&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org">
mark.davis@icu-project.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; To: &quot;Doug Ewell&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com">dewell@roadrunner.com</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Cc: &quot;LTRU Working Group&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">
ltru@ietf.org</a>&gt;<br>&gt; Sent: Tuesday, October 23, 2007 11:19 AM<br>&gt; Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference<br>&gt;<br>&gt; The last I heard (I was at the conference, then UTC last week), we were
<br>&gt; debating over the time of the next phone meeting. I would actually prefer it<br>&gt; postponed until next week, since I&#39;m on vacation this week. I think it would<br>&gt; also be useful to pull in Martin, and for him a time later in the day would
<br>&gt; be vastly more appealing (after 16 or 17 PT?).<br>...<br><br>I would prefer to *NOT* postpone it.<br><br>The later time could work for me as well, but I doubt that it would increase<br>participation by those in Europe.
<br><br>On the other hand, a call at 6:00 a.m. PT would be 22:00 in<br>Japan.&nbsp;&nbsp;Not great, but probably doable, particularly since the<br>work cultures in both time zones tend to permit more flexibility<br>in these matters.&nbsp;&nbsp;That would be in the middle of the afternoon
<br>in Europe, leaving little excuse for non-participation.<br><br>Whatever time is decided, please post it to this list.<br><br>Randy<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark 

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 23 23:09:10 2007
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It is kind of late to be rescheduling. On the other hand, it is kind of 
late to be scheduling in the first place. I intended to send out a 
reminder just now. I guess it would be prudent to schedule another date?

Friday this week works for me (Thursday definitely does not). I can do 6 
AM Pacific Friday, with a hard stop at 7 AM (for the W3C HCG call).

Addison

Mark Davis wrote:
> This week:
> 
>     * Tomorrow (Wednesday) I can't make it at 6PT, but can probably make
>       9PT.
>     * On Friday I will be back at work, and could make either 6PT or 9PT.
> 
> Generally, we haven't seen a lot of Europeans take advantage of the 
> earlier calling time, so if they aren't going to call in, we might as 
> well move to make it better for Asian callers like Martin.
> 
>  
> Mark
> 
>  
> On 10/23/07, *Randy Presuhn* <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com 
> <mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>> wrote:
> 
>     Hi -
> 
>     As a potential teleconference participant...
> 
>      > From: "Mark Davis" < mark.davis@icu-project.org
>     <mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org>>
>      > To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com
>     <mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com>>
>      > Cc: "LTRU Working Group" < ltru@ietf.org <mailto:ltru@ietf.org>>
>      > Sent: Tuesday, October 23, 2007 11:19 AM
>      > Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
>      >
>      > The last I heard (I was at the conference, then UTC last week),
>     we were
>      > debating over the time of the next phone meeting. I would
>     actually prefer it
>      > postponed until next week, since I'm on vacation this week. I
>     think it would
>      > also be useful to pull in Martin, and for him a time later in the
>     day would
>      > be vastly more appealing (after 16 or 17 PT?).
>     ...
> 
>     I would prefer to *NOT* postpone it.
> 
>     The later time could work for me as well, but I doubt that it would
>     increase
>     participation by those in Europe.
> 
>     On the other hand, a call at 6:00 a.m. PT would be 22:00 in
>     Japan.  Not great, but probably doable, particularly since the
>     work cultures in both time zones tend to permit more flexibility
>     in these matters.  That would be in the middle of the afternoon
>     in Europe, leaving little excuse for non-participation.
> 
>     Whatever time is decided, please post it to this list.
> 
>     Randy
> 
> 
> 
>     _______________________________________________
>     Ltru mailing list
>     Ltru@ietf.org <mailto:Ltru@ietf.org>
>     https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Mark
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> Friday this week works for me (Thursday definitely does not). I can do 6 
> AM Pacific Friday, with a hard stop at 7 AM (for the W3C HCG call).

I can do Wed or Fri at 6 PT or 9 PT (9 ET or 12 ET).

-- 
Long-short-short, long-short-short / Dactyls in dimeter,     John Cowan
Verse form with choriambs / (Masculine rhyme):           cowan@ccil.org
One sentence (two stanzas) / Hexasyllabically
Challenges poets who / Don't have the time.     --robison who's at texas dot net


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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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6 am PDT would be fine for me, but you already knew that.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
NEW E-MAIL -->  dewell at roadrunner dot com
NEW URL -->  http://home.roadrunner.com/~dewell
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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At 11:11 07/10/24, Mark Davis wrote:
>This week: 
>    * Tomorrow (Wednesday) I can't make it at 6PT, but can probably make 9PT. 
>    * On Friday I will be back at work, and could make either 6PT or 9PT. 
>
>Generally, we haven't seen a lot of Europeans take advantage of the earlier calling time, so if they aren't going to call in, we might as well move to make it better for Asian callers like Martin.

If it starts 22:00 here, I can probably make it, but later isn't
a good idea. The other way round, 06:00 or later as a start should
work, but I really need to know this well ahead. 10:00 or later
very much depends on the day of the week.

Please also note that with the move to winter time in the US,
Japan and the US will move nearer together, and therefore US late/
Japan early (and Europe pretty much out of the picture, sorry) makes
more sense than the other way round.

But please don't expect too much from me participating. And let's
make sure Peter Constable can be on the call.

Regards,   Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     



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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Summary of 2007-10-03 teleconference
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Ok, how about 6PT on Friday this week, and then for next week let's still
keep discussing a time that works for Martin.

Mark

On 10/23/07, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote:
>
> Addison Phillips scripsit:
>
> > Friday this week works for me (Thursday definitely does not). I can do 6
> > AM Pacific Friday, with a hard stop at 7 AM (for the W3C HCG call).
>
> I can do Wed or Fri at 6 PT or 9 PT (9 ET or 12 ET).
>
> --
> Long-short-short, long-short-short / Dactyls in dimeter,     John Cowan
> Verse form with choriambs / (Masculine rhyme):           cowan@ccil.org
> One sentence (two stanzas) / Hexasyllabically
> Challenges poets who / Don't have the time.     --robison who's at texas
> dot net
>



-- 
Mark

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<div>Ok, how about 6PT on Friday this week, and then for next week let&#39;s still keep discussing a time that works for Martin.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Mark<br>&nbsp;</div>
<div><span class="gmail_quote">On 10/23/07, <b class="gmail_sendername">John Cowan</b> &lt;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt; wrote:</span>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid">Addison Phillips scripsit:<br><br>&gt; Friday this week works for me (Thursday definitely does not). I can do 6
<br>&gt; AM Pacific Friday, with a hard stop at 7 AM (for the W3C HCG call).<br><br>I can do Wed or Fri at 6 PT or 9 PT (9 ET or 12 ET).<br><br>--<br>Long-short-short, long-short-short / Dactyls in dimeter,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; John Cowan
<br>Verse form with choriambs / (Masculine rhyme):&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a><br>One sentence (two stanzas) / Hexasyllabically<br>Challenges poets who / Don&#39;t have the time.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --robison who&#39;s at texas dot net
<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark 

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Back in town, so will be attending the 6:00PT meeting tomorrow (Addison, I
assume it is the same call-in numbers).

I had suggested that we include proposed text changes for each of the
possible options that we are considering, where it affects implementations,
in RFC 4747. I haven't seen anything on the list about that, so I'll start
off with the no-extlang option. I suggest that others try their hands at the
extlang or partial extlang options so that we can compare the issues with
real text in front of us.

================

Add to end of 3.4.1 (http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt, most of
the way to the end)

...
Often the implementation-defined default result is English, since that is
quite often the "root" used for common resource lookup. However, that is
often not the best choice where other information is available.

Certain languages are closely related, and the lookup process may take that
into account. For example, since the the tag "gsw-CH" (for Swiss German as
used in Switzerland) was first available on 2006-12-08, Swiss German
("Schwyzerduetsch") text may have been tagged with "de-CH" instead. ISO 639
was not (and is still not) clear on whether "de" meant only High German or
also included variants such as Low German or not. Thus Swiss German material
may be tagged with "de". Moreover, essentially all Swiss German speakers are
comfortable in High German, so where Swiss German is not available, High
German is a very good fallback. Thus when given the language priority list:
"gsw-CH, fr-CH", an implementation using lookup may augment the default
values to also include the lookup of related values, such as the following
search order:

1. gsw-CH
2. gsw
3. fr-CH // next language
4. fr
5. implementation defined default:
    5a. de-CH // special fallback from gsw-CH
    5b. de
    5c. en // root

In this way, other likely possibilities are tried before the final fallback
to the root value. Note that typically the fallback to related languages
should include the script and region codes if available.

Thus the lookup process may take into account what languages people are
likely to understand, given a language priority list. For example, a Breton
speaker is very likely to also understand French, given the language
priority list. Thus the implementation may choose to use the following
lookup for the language priority list "br-FR, de":

1. br-FR
2. br
3. de
4. implementation defined default:
    4a. fr-FR // special fallback from br (Breton)
    4b. fr
    4c. en

Similarly, Romanian and Moldavian, Tagalog and Filipino, Serbo-Croatian and
Croatian, may all be useful in doing related language lookup.

The Macrolanguage information in the registry MAY be useful to
implementations in this regard. That is, an implementation MAY choose to use
that information in falling back from encompassed languages to macro
languages. For example, given the language priority list with Cantonese in
Traditional Script as used in Hong Kong, followed by French ("yue-Hant-HK,
fr"), the lookup could be the following:

1. yue-Hant-HK
2. yue-Hant
3. yue-HK
4. fr
5. implementation defined default:
  5a. zh-Hant-Hk
  5b. zh-Hant
  5c. zh
  5d. en

Whether such fallback should be used -- and if so, the precise way in which
such a fallback is done -- is application-dependent.  Where it is very
likely that the audience requesting Cantonese (as above) will accept and
understand Mandarin (the predominant content for 'zh'), then this fallback
might be useful. Where there is risk that that the audience requesting
Cantonese will not be conversant with Mandarin, and would prefer an
alternative in the language priority list, it should be avoided. (This might
be the case, for example, with audio using yue-Zxxx-US.)

For many macrolanguages, there is a single predominant form which is
strongly identified with the macrolanguage. For example, "zh" is
overwhelmingly used for Mandarin content (formally 'cmn'), and "ar" is
overwhelmingly used for Standard Arabic content (formally 'arb'). While
theoretically there is a distinction between these pairs, in practice they
are treated as interchangeable, so no such distinction can be depended upon.
Therefore in such cases, lookup SHOULD typically fall back from either one
to the other. For other macrolanguages, this is not the case, and fallback
to content that might be any any of the encompassed languages may be worse
than falling back to other default values, such as the predominant language
for a region.

Care must be taken with any of these choices. If an implementation provides
a UI for selecting language priority lists, it may be better to give the
user the option of having explicit fallbacks (such as from Cantonese to
Mandarin or Tagalog to Filipino), rather than trying to guess the user's
intent (and run the distinct risk of getting it wrong). For that purpose,
when a user adds a language to the priority list, the UI may suggest
macrolanguages, or other related languages, as additional fallbacks.

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Back in town, so will be attending the 6:00PT meeting tomorrow (Addison, I assume it is the same call-in numbers).<br><br>I had suggested that we include proposed text changes for each of the possible options that we are considering, where it affects implementations, in RFC 4747. I haven&#39;t seen anything on the list about that, so I&#39;ll start off with the no-extlang option. I suggest that others try their hands at the extlang or partial extlang options so that we can compare the issues with real text in front of us.
<br><br>================<span><br><br>Add to end of 3.4.1 (<a href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt">http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt</a>, most of the way to the end)<br><br>...<br>Often the implementation-defined default result is English, since that is quite often the &quot;root&quot; used for common resource lookup. However, that is often not the best choice where other information is available.
<br><br>Certain languages are closely related, and the lookup process may take that into account. For example, </span><span>since the the tag &quot;gsw-CH&quot; (for Swiss German as used in Switzerland) was first available on 
</span>2006-12-08, <span>Swiss German (&quot;Schwyzerduetsch&quot;) text </span>may have <span>been tagged with &quot;de-CH&quot; instead. ISO 639 was not (and is still not) clear on whether &quot;de&quot; meant only High German or also included variants such as Low German or not. Thus Swiss German material may be tagged with &quot;de&quot;. Moreover, essentially all Swiss German speakers are comfortable in High German, so where Swiss German is not available, High German is a very good fallback. Thus when given the language priority list: &quot;gsw-CH, fr-CH&quot;, an implementation using lookup may augment the default values to also include the lookup of related values, such as the following search order:
</span><span><br><br>1. gsw-CH<br>2. gsw<br>3. fr-CH // next language<br>4. fr<br>5. implementation defined default:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5a. de-CH // special fallback from gsw-CH<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5b. de<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5c. en // root<br><br>In this way, other likely possibilities are tried before the final fallback to the root value. Note that typically the fallback to related languages should include the script and region codes if available.
<br><br>Thus the lookup process may take into account what languages people are likely to understand, given a language priority list. For example, a Breton speaker is very likely to also understand French, given the language priority list. Thus the implementation may choose to use the following lookup for the language priority list &quot;br-FR, de&quot;:
<br><br>1. br-FR<br>2. br<br>3. de<br>4. implementation defined default: </span><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4a. fr-FR // special fallback from br (Breton)<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4b. fr<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4c. en<br><br>Similarly, Romanian and Moldavian, Tagalog and Filipino, Serbo-Croatian and Croatian, may all be useful in doing related language lookup.
<br><span></span><br><span>The Macrolanguage information in the registry MAY be useful to implementations in this regard. That is, an implementation MAY choose to use that information in falling back from encompassed languages to macro languages. For example, given the language priority list with Cantonese in Traditional Script as used in Hong Kong, followed by French (&quot;yue-Hant-HK, fr&quot;), the lookup could be the following:
<br><br>1. yue-Hant-HK<br>2. yue-Hant<br>3. yue-HK<br>4. fr<br></span><span>5. implementation defined default: <br>&nbsp; 5a. zh-Hant-Hk<br>&nbsp; 5b. zh-Hant<br>&nbsp; 5c. zh<br>&nbsp; 5d. en<br><br></span><span>Whether such fallback should be used -- and if so, the precise way in which such a fallback is done -- is
application-dependent.&nbsp; Where it is very likely that the audience requesting Cantonese (as above) will accept and understand Mandarin (the predominant content for &#39;zh&#39;), then this fallback might be useful. Where there is risk that that the audience requesting Cantonese will not be conversant with Mandarin, and would prefer an alternative in the language priority list, it should be avoided. (This might be the case, for example, with audio using yue-Zxxx-US.)
</span><br><span><br>For many macrolanguages, there is a single predominant form which is strongly identified with the macrolanguage. For example, &quot;zh&quot; is overwhelmingly used for Mandarin content (formally &#39;cmn&#39;), and &quot;ar&quot; is overwhelmingly used for Standard Arabic content (formally &#39;arb&#39;). While theoretically there is a distinction between these pairs, in practice they are treated as interchangeable, so no such distinction can be depended upon. Therefore in such cases, lookup SHOULD typically fall back from either one to the other. For other macrolanguages, this is not the case, and fallback to content that might be any any of the encompassed languages may be worse than falling back to other default values, such as the predominant language for a region.
<br><br>Care must be taken with any of these choices. If an implementation provides a UI for selecting language priority lists, it may be better to give the user the option of having explicit fallbacks (such as from Cantonese to Mandarin or Tagalog to Filipino), rather than trying to guess the user&#39;s intent (and run the distinct risk of getting it wrong). For that purpose, when a user adds a language to the priority list, the UI may suggest macrolanguages, or other related languages, as additional fallbacks.
<br><br><br></span><span><br></span><span><br><br><br><br></span><br><br>

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Mark Davis wrote:

> I had suggested that we include proposed text changes for each of
> the possible options that we are considering, where it affects
> implementations, in RFC 4747. I haven't seen anything on the list
> about that, so I'll start off with the no-extlang option.

Thanks.

> Add to end of 3.4.1 (http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt
[...]

You're talking about a section in RFC 4647, it follows that you
intend to create a 4647bis.  (No problem, I just didn't know it.)

 Frank



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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
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Thread-Topic: Astur-Leonese: a macrolanguage case study
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Subject: [Ltru] Astur-Leonese: a macrolanguage case study
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Here's a what-if based on a realistic scenario: "ast" is currently treated =
in ISO 639 as an individual-language entry with names "Asturian; Asturleone=
se; Bable; Leonese". What if ISO 639 changed the scope of "ast" to macrolan=
guage, and added two new encompassed individual-language entries: "Asturian=
; Bable" and "Leonese"?

While I haven't yet seen really clear evidence, there are some people claim=
ing that Leonese is a distinct language from Asturian and requesting a dist=
inct ISO 639 ID. Suppose a sufficient case is made: since "ast" currently d=
enotes both the Asturian and Leonese varieties, we cannot simply narrow "as=
t" to denote only Asturian and add something new for Leonese. One possible =
outcome is the one I describe above: "ast" becomes a macrolanguage. (A poss=
ible variation is that Mirandese, "mwl", is included in the macrolanguage.)

What would the impact be in a 4646bis world with / without extlang subtags?

I suppose that depends on various details of the scenario. (Per above, this=
 discussion assumes it is already determined that Asturian and Leonese are =
distinct.)

Possible scenario A: There's a bunch of existing "ast" content, virtually a=
ll of which is Asturian, not Leonese.

(Note: in principle, the mirror scenario, with Leonese predominant, is hypo=
thetically possible, but not in practice: "Asturian" is recognized in Spani=
sh law and is actively being developed; if Leonese is functionally distinct=
, it does not have comparable status and attention at present.)

Possible scenario B: There's a bunch of existing "ast" content, but neither=
 Asturian or Leonese has a significantly greater proportion that the other.

Possible scenario C: There isn't much existing "ast" content.


(In terms of general macrolanguage cases, scenario A would be similar to th=
e Mandarin versus Cantonese contrast, except that there's nowhere near as m=
uch "ast" content as there is "zh" content; scenario C would be similar to =
cases like Bikol, Cree, Hmong, Zapotec or several others. Scenario B is pro=
bably somewhat akin to "Serbo-Croatian" (hbs), Norwegian (nor) and "Persian=
" (fas). For general macrolanguages, there's probably a fourth scenario typ=
e: two or more distinct undeveloped varieties exist, and a "standard" devel=
oped variety emerges that is either distinct from the former, or is designe=
d to be more or less neutral relative to the others - a possible characteri=
zation for the Arabic case, and potentially applicable to how some groups s=
uch as Dinka or Fulah may evolve.)


Peter

Microsoft has an open Program Management position working on international =
text and fonts. For details, go to:
http://members.microsoft.com/careers/search/details.aspx?JobID=3D69CF50EA-5=
FB5-47C8-9083-FCE0EF9CF547


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<p class=3DMsoNormal>Here&#8217;s a what-if based on a realistic scenario:
&#8220;ast&#8221; is currently treated in ISO 639 as an individual-language
entry with names &#8220;Asturian; Asturleonese; Bable; Leonese&#8221;. What=
 if
ISO 639 changed the scope of &#8220;ast&#8221; to macrolanguage, and added =
two
new encompassed individual-language entries: &#8220;Asturian; Bable&#8221; =
and
&#8220;Leonese&#8221;?<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>While I haven&#8217;t yet seen really clear evidence, =
there
are some people claiming that Leonese is a distinct language from Asturian =
and
requesting a distinct ISO 639 ID. Suppose a sufficient case is made: since =
&#8220;ast&#8221;
currently denotes both the Asturian and Leonese varieties, we cannot simply
narrow &#8220;ast&#8221; to denote only Asturian and add something new for
Leonese. One possible outcome is the one I describe above: &#8220;ast&#8221=
;
becomes a macrolanguage. (A possible variation is that Mirandese, &#8220;mw=
l&#8221;,
is included in the macrolanguage.)<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>What would the impact be in a 4646bis world with / wit=
hout
extlang subtags?<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>I suppose that depends on various details of the scena=
rio.
(Per above, this discussion assumes it is already determined that Asturian =
and
Leonese are distinct.)<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Possible scenario A: There&#8217;s a bunch of existing=
 &#8220;ast&#8221;
content, virtually all of which is Asturian, not Leonese. <o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>(Note: in principle, the mirror scenario, with Leonese=
 predominant,
is hypothetically possible, but not in practice: &#8220;Asturian&#8221; is
recognized in Spanish law and is actively being developed; if Leonese is
functionally distinct, it does not have comparable status and attention at
present.)<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Possible scenario B: There&#8217;s a bunch of existing=
 &#8220;ast&#8221;
content, but neither Asturian or Leonese has a significantly greater propor=
tion
that the other.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Possible scenario C: There isn&#8217;t much existing &=
#8220;ast&#8221;
content.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>(In terms of general macrolanguage cases, scenario A w=
ould
be similar to the Mandarin versus Cantonese contrast, except that there&#82=
17;s
nowhere near as much &#8220;ast&#8221; content as there is &#8220;zh&#8221;
content; scenario C would be similar to cases like Bikol, Cree, Hmong, Zapo=
tec or
several others. Scenario B is probably somewhat akin to &#8220;Serbo-Croati=
an&#8221;
(hbs), Norwegian (nor) and &#8220;Persian&#8221; (fas). For general macrola=
nguages,
there&#8217;s probably a fourth scenario type: two or more distinct undevel=
oped
varieties exist, and a &#8220;standard&#8221; developed variety emerges tha=
t is
either distinct from the former, or is designed to be more or less neutral
relative to the others &#8211; a possible characterization for the Arabic c=
ase,
and potentially applicable to how some groups such as Dinka or Fulah may
evolve.)<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Peter<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:#943634'><o:p>&nb=
sp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:#943634'>Microsof=
t has an
open Program Management position working on international text and fonts. F=
or
details, go to:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><a
href=3D"http://members.microsoft.com/careers/search/details.aspx?JobID=3D69=
CF50EA-5FB5-47C8-9083-FCE0EF9CF547"><span
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:blue'>http://members.microsoft.com/careers/s=
earch/details.aspx?JobID=3D69CF50EA-5FB5-47C8-9083-FCE0EF9CF547</span></a><=
span
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</div>

</body>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 30 10:47:35 2007
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Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 10:46:09 -0400
To: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Astur-Leonese: a macrolanguage case study
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Peter Constable scripsit:

> What would the impact be in a 4646bis world with / without extlang subtags?

Without extlang subtags, of course, nothing happens.

Once a primary language subtag, always a primary language subtag, so
both camps agree that 'mwl' remains unchanged.  I'd argue for adding the
new code elements as extlang subtags, but I could live with restricting
extlangs to the set as of Date C.

In either case the "Macrolanguage:" header gets inserted into the records
for the new subtags.

-- 
I could dance with you till the cows            John Cowan
come home.  On second thought, I'd              http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
rather dance with the cows when you             cowan@ccil.org
came home.  --Rufus T. Firefly


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 30 11:26:04 2007
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Chairs,

Could you please choose and announce an appropriate time for 
teleconferences? I think there is general agreement from those 
participating that these are valuable. However, we have enjoyed 
relatively low participation. It would be good to announce the time and 
details in advance. I'm happy to continue providing access via our 
teleconferencing service. Our last meeting (at 6 a.m. Pacific Daylight 
Time on Thursday) was somewhat inconvenient and now time changes are 
starting to occur between Summer and Standard time, rendering the call 
more inconvenient for some.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Astur-Leonese: a macrolanguage case study
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> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]





> > What would the impact be in a 4646bis world with / without extlang

> subtags?

>

> Without extlang subtags, of course, nothing happens.



Nothing happens to tags; that doesn't mean there isn't any impact for data,=
 tagging recommendations and matching behaviour / implementations.







Peter


Microsoft has an open Program Management position working on international =
text and fonts. For details, go to:
http://members.microsoft.com/careers/search/details.aspx?JobID=3D69CF50EA-5=
FB5-47C8-9083-FCE0EF9CF547




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<p class=3DMsoPlainText>&gt; From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]</p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>&gt; &gt; What would the impact be in a 4646bis wor=
ld
with / without extlang</p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>&gt; subtags?</p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>&gt; </p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText>&gt; Without extlang subtags, of course, nothing ha=
ppens.</p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><span style=3D'color:black'>Nothing happens to tags=
; that
doesn't mean there isn't any impact for data, tagging recommendations and m=
atching
behaviour / implementations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><span style=3D'color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span=
></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><span style=3D'color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span=
></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><span style=3D'color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span=
></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><span style=3D'color:black'>Peter<o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><span style=3D'color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span=
></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;color:#943634'>Microsof=
t has an
open Program Management position working on international text and fonts. F=
or
details, go to:<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:9.0pt'><a
href=3D"http://members.microsoft.com/careers/search/details.aspx?JobID=3D69=
CF50EA-5FB5-47C8-9083-FCE0EF9CF547">http://members.microsoft.com/careers/se=
arch/details.aspx?JobID=3D69CF50EA-5FB5-47C8-9083-FCE0EF9CF547</a><o:p></o:=
p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<p class=3DMsoPlainText><span style=3D'color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span=
></p>

</div>

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 30 12:25:44 2007
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Message-ID: <41a006820710300924q4b9fe977yb52d1174cebf8294@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2007 17:24:54 +0100
From: GerardM <gerard.meijssen@gmail.com>
To: "Peter Constable" <petercon@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Astur-Leonese: a macrolanguage case study
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 31 12:06:20 2007
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Date: Wed, 31 Oct 2007 09:04:26 -0700
Subject: RE: [Ltru] teleconference timing this week??
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