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Date: Thu, 3 Jan 2008 13:50:17 +0100
From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: ltru@ietf.org
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Subject: [Ltru] Happy International Year of Languages
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Happy New Year to everyone!

http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=35344&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html

 2008, International Year of Languages
 Languages matter !

 On 16 May 2007, the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 2008 to
 be the International Year of Languages. As language issues are central
 to UNESCO's mandate in education, science, social and human
 sciences, culture, and communication and information, the Organization
 has been named the lead agency for this event.

I owe to Don Osborn a reference to that excellent paper on languages
and what can we do for the IYL:

http://www.crystalreference.com/DC_articles/Langdeath20.pdf

What can we do ourselves for the IYL? Finishing 4646bis? 


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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Addition request: alsatian
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I have no objection to this tag. However, it does seem to create the=20
possibility (mentioned before) that the same dialect could be identified=20
as gsw-FR (assuming there are no other gsw dialects in France).=20

Is it simply up to the user to decide whether to use regional or variant=20
tagging? Or should some guidelines be written to indicate a preference for =

variant tagging over regional tagging if both exist?

Regards,

Karen Broome





Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>=20
Sent by: ietf-languages-bounces@alvestrand.no
01/03/2008 02:24 AM

To
ietf-languages@iana.org
cc

Subject
Re: Addition request: alsatian






Request in the body, for the MIME-impaired.

LANGUAGE SUBTAG REGISTRATION FORM

1. Name of requester: St&#xE9;phane Bortzmeyer

2. E-mail address of requester: bortzmeyer+langtag@nic.fr

3. Record Requested:=20

   Type: variant
   Subtag: alsatian
   Description: Alsatian variant of Alemannic
   Description: Els&#xE4;ssisch
   Prefix: gsw
   Comments:=20

4. Intended meaning of the subtag: There is a distinct variety of
Alemannic spoken in Alsace. It is distinct from the language spoken in
Germany and Switzerland partly for political reasons, because Alsace
has been a french province for a long time.

5. Reference to published description
of the language (book or article):

    * (fr) "L'alsacien, deuxi=E8me langue r=E9gionale de France" Insee,
    Chiffres pour l'Alsace no. 12, December 2002
    http://www.insee.fr/fr/insee=5Fregions/alsace/rfc/docs/cpar12=5F1.pdf

    * (fr) Brunner, Jean-Jacques. L'alsacien sans peine. ASSiMiL,
      2001. ISBN 2-7005-0222-1

    * (fr) Laugel-Erny, Elsa. Cours d'alsacien. Les Editions du Quai,
      1999. ISBN 978-2903548018

    * (fr) Matzen, Raymond, and L=E9on Daul. Wie Geht's ? Le dialecte =E0
      la port=E9e de tous La Nu=E9e Bleue, 1999. ISBN 2-7165-0464-4

    * (fr) Matzen, Raymond, and L=E9on Daul. Wie Steht's ? Lexiques
      alsacien et fran=E7ais, Variantes dialectales, Grammaire La Nu=E9e
      Bleue, 2000. ISBN 2-7165-0525-X

    * (de) Fr=E9d=E9ric Hartweg: Die Sprachen im Elsass: Kalter Krieg oder
      vers=F6hntes Miteinander?. In: Ingo Kolboom und Bernd Rill
      (Hrsg.): Frankophonie -- nationale und internationale
      Dimensionen. Argumente und Materialien zum Zeitgeschehen 35,
      M=FCnchen: Hanns Seidel Stiftung, ISBN
      3-88795-249-9.=20
http://www.hss.de/downloads/argumente=5Fmaterialien=5F35.pdf

    * (de) Hubert Klausmann, Konrad Kunze und Renate Schrambke (1994):
      Kleiner Dialektatlas - Alemannisch und Schw=E4bisch in
      Baden-W=FCrttemberg. Ver=F6ff. Alem. Inst. Frbg. Themen der
      Landeskunde 6, B=FChl (Baden): Konkordia, 1994.

    * (de) Friedrich Maurer: Neue Forschungen zur s=FCdwestdeutschen
      Sprachgeschichte. In: Sprachgeographie Beih. Wirkendes Wort. 21,
      S. 119-163, D=FCsseldorf: Schwann, 1972.

6. Any other relevant information: Do note there exists several
"sub-dialects" (specifically between North and South of Alsace) but I
do not know if there is a comprehensive list of them yet. Do note also
that some alsatian local dialects are *not* variant of Alemannic at
all but Franconian or even Roman languages. Alsatian is still in
common use in Alsace, spoken and written. There is a localization of
Microsoft Word
(
http://www.faz.net/s/Rub4C34FD0B1A7E46B88B0653D6358499FF/Doc~E7E48128AB8C34=
8E1BCEB1EAF2D4105EA~ATpl~Ecommon~Scontent.html
)
but I do not know if they use proper language tags.
=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=
=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F
Ietf-languages mailing list
Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages



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<br><font size=3D2 face=3D"sans-serif">I have no objection to this tag. How=
ever,
it does seem to create the possibility (mentioned before) that the same
dialect could be identified as gsw-FR (assuming there are no other gsw
dialects in France). &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br><font size=3D2 face=3D"sans-serif">Is it simply up to the user to decide
whether to use regional or variant tagging? Or should some guidelines be
written to indicate a preference for variant tagging over regional tagging
if both exist?</font>
<br>
<br><font size=3D2 face=3D"sans-serif">Regards,</font>
<br>
<br><font size=3D2 face=3D"sans-serif">Karen Broome</font>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table width=3D100%>
<tr valign=3Dtop>
<td width=3D40%><font size=3D1 face=3D"sans-serif"><b>Stephane Bortzmeyer &=
lt;bortzmeyer@nic.fr&gt;</b>
</font>
<br><font size=3D1 face=3D"sans-serif">Sent by: ietf-languages-bounces@alve=
strand.no</font>
<p><font size=3D1 face=3D"sans-serif">01/03/2008 02:24 AM</font>
<td width=3D59%>
<table width=3D100%>
<tr valign=3Dtop>
<td>
<div align=3Dright><font size=3D1 face=3D"sans-serif">To</font></div>
<td><font size=3D1 face=3D"sans-serif">ietf-languages@iana.org</font>
<tr valign=3Dtop>
<td>
<div align=3Dright><font size=3D1 face=3D"sans-serif">cc</font></div>
<td>
<tr valign=3Dtop>
<td>
<div align=3Dright><font size=3D1 face=3D"sans-serif">Subject</font></div>
<td><font size=3D1 face=3D"sans-serif">Re: Addition request: alsatian</font=
></table>
<br>
<table>
<tr valign=3Dtop>
<td>
<td></table>
<br></table>
<br>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=3D2>Request in the body, for the MIME-impaired.<br>
<br>
LANGUAGE SUBTAG REGISTRATION FORM<br>
<br>
1. Name of requester: St&amp;#xE9;phane Bortzmeyer<br>
<br>
2. E-mail address of requester: bortzmeyer+langtag@nic.fr<br>
<br>
3. Record Requested: <br>
<br>
 &nbsp; Type: variant<br>
 &nbsp; Subtag: alsatian<br>
 &nbsp; Description: Alsatian variant of Alemannic<br>
 &nbsp; Description: Els&amp;#xE4;ssisch<br>
 &nbsp; Prefix: gsw<br>
 &nbsp; Comments: <br>
<br>
4. Intended meaning of the subtag: There is a distinct variety of<br>
Alemannic spoken in Alsace. It is distinct from the language spoken in<br>
Germany and Switzerland partly for political reasons, because Alsace<br>
has been a french province for a long time.<br>
<br>
5. Reference to published description<br>
of the language (book or article):<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;* (fr) &quot;L'alsacien, deuxi=E8me langue r=E9gionale de Fra=
nce&quot;
Insee,<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;Chiffres pour l'Alsace no. 12, December 2002<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;http://www.insee.fr/fr/insee=5Fregions/alsace/rfc/docs/cpar12=
=5F1.pdf<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;* (fr) Brunner, Jean-Jacques. L'alsacien sans peine. ASSiMiL,=
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2001. ISBN 2-7005-0222-1<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;* (fr) Laugel-Erny, Elsa. Cours d'alsacien. Les Editions
du Quai,<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1999. ISBN 978-2903548018<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;* (fr) Matzen, Raymond, and L=E9on Daul. Wie Geht's ? Le dial=
ecte
=E0<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;la port=E9e de tous La Nu=E9e Bleue, 1999. ISBN 2-7165=
-0464-4<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;* (fr) Matzen, Raymond, and L=E9on Daul. Wie Steht's ? Lexiqu=
es<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;alsacien et fran=E7ais, Variantes dialectales, Grammai=
re
La Nu=E9e<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Bleue, 2000. ISBN 2-7165-0525-X<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;* (de) Fr=E9d=E9ric Hartweg: Die Sprachen im Elsass: Kalter K=
rieg
oder<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;vers=F6hntes Miteinander?. In: Ingo Kolboom und Bernd
Rill<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(Hrsg.): Frankophonie -- nationale und internationale<=
br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Dimensionen. Argumente und Materialien zum Zeitgescheh=
en
35,<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;M=FCnchen: Hanns Seidel Stiftung, ISBN<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3-88795-249-9. http://www.hss.de/downloads/argumente=
=5Fmaterialien=5F35.pdf<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;* (de) Hubert Klausmann, Konrad Kunze und Renate Schrambke
(1994):<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Kleiner Dialektatlas - Alemannisch und Schw=E4bisch
in<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Baden-W=FCrttemberg. Ver=F6ff. Alem. Inst. Frbg. Themen
der<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Landeskunde 6, B=FChl (Baden): Konkordia, 1994.<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp;* (de) Friedrich Maurer: Neue Forschungen zur s=FCdwestdeutsc=
hen<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Sprachgeschichte. In: Sprachgeographie Beih. Wirkendes
Wort. 21,<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;S. 119-163, D=FCsseldorf: Schwann, 1972.<br>
<br>
6. Any other relevant information: Do note there exists several<br>
&quot;sub-dialects&quot; (specifically between North and South of Alsace)
but I<br>
do not know if there is a comprehensive list of them yet. Do note also<br>
that some alsatian local dialects are *not* variant of Alemannic at<br>
all but Franconian or even Roman languages. Alsatian is still in<br>
common use in Alsace, spoken and written. There is a localization of<br>
Microsoft Word<br>
(http://www.faz.net/s/Rub4C34FD0B1A7E46B88B0653D6358499FF/Doc~E7E48128AB8C3=
48E1BCEB1EAF2D4105EA~ATpl~Ecommon~Scontent.html)<br>
but I do not know if they use proper language tags.<br>
=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=
=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F<br>
Ietf-languages mailing list<br>
Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no<br>
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages<br>
<br>
</font></tt>
<br>
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Jan 04 05:29:06 2008
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Date: Fri, 4 Jan 2008 11:29:02 +0100
From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: ltru@ietf.org
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Subject: [Ltru] Description on tags, not just subtags?
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A registration request of a variant recently triggered a discussion on
wether we should be able to add Description fields to tags, not just
subtags (ignoring the specific issue of grandfathered tags).

For instance, if we use "alsatian" to refer to the variant of alemannic
spoken in Alsace (France), we cannot put a:

  Description: Alsatian 
  Description: Els&#xE4;ssisch

to the tag gsw-FR.

Is it a real problem? Should we address it? How?

Markus Scherer <markus.icu@gmail.com> wrote:

The Unicode Consortium encountered the same sort of problem for
"encode this 'character' as that sequence of Unicode code points". A
partial solution was to register names for some of those recommended
sequences. Adding registration for select language tags, not just
subtags, might help here as well.


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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> A registration request of a variant recently triggered a discussion on 
> wether we should be able to add Description fields to tags, not just 
> subtags (ignoring the specific issue of grandfathered tags).
>
> For instance, if we use "alsatian" to refer to the variant of 
> alemannic spoken in Alsace (France), we cannot put a:
>
>   Description: Alsatian
>   Description: Els&#xE4;ssisch
>
> to the tag gsw-FR.
>
> Is it a real problem? Should we address it? How?

It might be a real problem, if the dialect or other language variant is 
commonly known by a distinct name (not just, say, "Australian English") 
and if tag users are unlikely to associate the dialect with the name of 
the base language.

In 
http://www.alvestrand.no/pipermail/ietf-languages/2008-January/007279.html I 
proposed using the Comments field for this purpose, to avoid introducing 
a new mechanism that would probably be used by only a handful of 
(cherry-picked) variations:

Type: language
Subtag: gsw
Description: Swiss German
Description: Alemannic
Added: 2006-03-08
Suppress-Script: Latn
Comment: gsw-FR represents the Alsatian dialect

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ 



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> In 
> http://www.alvestrand.no/pipermail/ietf-languages/2008-January/007279.html 
> I proposed using the Comments field for this purpose, to avoid 
> introducing a new mechanism that would probably be used by only a 
> handful of (cherry-picked) variations:
> 
> Type: language
> Subtag: gsw
> Description: Swiss German
> Description: Alemannic
> Added: 2006-03-08
> Suppress-Script: Latn
> Comment: gsw-FR represents the Alsatian dialect
> 

I dislike this idea. We already have experience with it and its 
"unintended consequences". See: sign language tags.

For that matter, we have ample experience with region subtags being 
imbued with artificial meaning. For a long time, "zh-TW" 'meant' 
Traditional Chinese, for example. Part of the reason behind this whole 
effort is to reduce the need to attach artificial meaning to subtags.

This isn't to say that the tag "gsw-FR" doesn't encompass or "mean" the 
Alsatian dialect of Alemannic. It certainly encompasses Alsatian. But to 
start packing the registry with these sorts of comments (and the 
registration process with requests for same) strikes me as 
counter-productive to the point that I'd almost favor adding a MUST NOT 
to draft-4646bis.

Guidance on tag formation should, incidentally and in my opinion, be in 
the form of external documentation (such as on Langtag.net, in CLDR, or 
via the W3C articles on same, just to name a few) or in an additional 
informational documents (possibly an Informational RFC). Burying tag 
choice information like this in the registry seems complicated and 
haphazard.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "Addison Phillips" <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
> To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> Cc: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Friday, January 04, 2008 8:51 AM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
...
> > Comment: gsw-FR represents the Alsatian dialect
> > 
> 
> I dislike this idea. We already have experience with it and its 
> "unintended consequences". See: sign language tags.
> 
> For that matter, we have ample experience with region subtags being 
> imbued with artificial meaning. For a long time, "zh-TW" 'meant' 
> Traditional Chinese, for example. Part of the reason behind this whole 
> effort is to reduce the need to attach artificial meaning to subtags.
> 
> This isn't to say that the tag "gsw-FR" doesn't encompass or "mean" the 
> Alsatian dialect of Alemannic. It certainly encompasses Alsatian. But to 
> start packing the registry with these sorts of comments (and the 
> registration process with requests for same) strikes me as 
> counter-productive to the point that I'd almost favor adding a MUST NOT 
> to draft-4646bis.
> 
> Guidance on tag formation should, incidentally and in my opinion, be in 
> the form of external documentation (such as on Langtag.net, in CLDR, or 
> via the W3C articles on same, just to name a few) or in an additional 
> informational documents (possibly an Informational RFC). Burying tag 
> choice information like this in the registry seems complicated and 
> haphazard.
...

There are multiple questions here.

    1) Do we need to be explicit about the conditions under which a
       registration request would be considered to refer to something
       which can be clearly expressed with existing subtags? 
       (That is, should a request for "alsation" be denied because it
       would mean precisely the same thing as "gsw-FR"? (I leave it to
       experts in this language to determine whether that is indeed
       the case.))

    2) There may be cases where the correct tag for a particular
       language may not be immediately obvious from the data in
       the registry.  I can see several possible responses:
           a) attempt to add the information to the registry
           b) (as a WG) take on the effort of defining a repository
              for this information
           c) leave the documentation of such cases to others

    3) Do we need to provide additional clarification of precisely
       what is meant by the use of a region subtag?  The concept
       seems to be relatively fuzzy, encompassing both dialect and
       orthography.

My own answers:
    (1) I think some additional clarification might be helpful, as
        the Alsation request shows.
    (2) I'm inclined to go along with (a), but only so far as to
        recognize that this would not be systematic or comprehensive
        by any stretch of the imagination.  As soon as we had more
        than a handful of "Alsation" cases, my preference would shift
        to (c).
    (3) I think the fuzziness is a feature (meaning a bug a we can't
        fix).  Getting rid of the fuzziness would require a re-architecting
        of language tagging in general, but this shouldn't come as
        a surprise to anyone who has waded through the discussions
        on scripts and modalities and orthographies and historical
        forms over the years.  Consequently, I do not think we need
        additional clarification on this point.

Randy



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Note: I haven't yet read most of the other replies to my email yet, =20
sorry if I overlap with what others have said. Also moved email to new =20=

list per request from Mister Presuhn.

On 4 Jan 2008, at 19:59, John Cowan wrote:

> Nicholas Shanks scripsit:
>
>> the guy that submitted the scouse request has a vested
>> interest in his own dialect,
>
> Actually not:  I speak pure old classical East Coast American.

Oh. I was pretty sure in my mind that the person who registered it =20
(who's name I could not recall) had referenced a dictionary that he =20
had authored himself, partly it had stuck in my mind, and this book =20
was published in the city of Liverpool, so I assumed he was from that =20=

area too. I visited a website referred to by the registration and it =20
was all about why his accent was better than everyone else's and =20
seemed generally derogatory to non-scousers. It offended me. Maybe my =20=

memory is playing tricks on me, in which case I apologise unreservedly.

>> en-US represents a cluster of dialects and accents, with a unified
>> orthography, and en-GB represents a cluster of accents and dialects
>> (some overlapping with en-US), but a different orthography. Thus
>> en-GB/US is pretty useless to people who are tagging audio data,
>> but quite useful to those tagging written data.
>
> Although of course there are many individual isoglosses that cross the
> Atlantic, I think you greatly overstate the case.

My point was not that there are accents similar on both sides, but =20
more that there is no unified "en-US" accent, but there is a single en-=20=

US orthography. Likewise for -GB. thus the country codes aren't a =20
precise way of identifying an accent, but are a precise way of =20
disambiguating dates and the meaning of words, especially potentially =20=

upsetting ones like 'fanny'.

> I don't think there are any U.K. varieties that even a half-trained =20=

> person could mistake for
> American ones, and certainly not vice versa.

I agree

>> I believe that having a subtag registered is at present too difficult
>> (requirement for dictionaries!? what if it's mostly just an accent
>> with only phonemic changes relative to surrounding accents).
>
> Dictionaries are not required; they are just an example of the kind
> of documentation that's acceptable.  We need to be sure, when we are
> registering a tag, that it is not substantially identical with some
> existing tag, that's all, so there must exist documentation of the
> variety being tagged.

This sounds like an "en-scots" vs. "sco" kind of debate.

>> As an example, things like the supposedly "British English" speech
>> synthesizer voices on my computer (which the OS processes using the
>> tag "en_GB" from the voice's property list) sound nothing like most =20=

>> of
>> the accents of the United Kingdom,
>
> I doubt the en-US accent is much like the vast majority of U.S. =20
> speakers
> nowadays either.

precisely :)

>> they would be better marked as "en-received" or similar.
>
> Register it, then.

Okay. All in favo(u)r say "Aye". ;-)

> If the document was tagged "en-US-dixie", then a synth with an "en-US"
> voice (probably so-called General American) would at least get it
> approximately right (assuming, that is, that it doesn't speak =20
> Hawkingese,
> which sounds American to the English and pseudo-Swedish to the =20
> Americans).

"Dixie" =97 I forgot what it was called!
Didn't quite get whether you were agreeing or disagreeing with me here.
What I was thinking was to allow content written with one orthography =20=

be read by a voice designed for a different one. Some conversion could =20=

happen e.g. if an american voice was reading aluminium it could drop =20
the penultimate syllable and move the stress, instead of trying to =20
pronounce it with a Gen. Am. accent.

>> I'm sure we can all agree on commonly recognised dialects for =20
>> English,
>
> I wish I shared your certitude.


Which ones would you suggest as being problematic? I suggested en-=20
scots above, though I can;t think of any more.
I would have thought looking through the lexicon of a language and =20
seeing which accents/dialects/patois already have their own names =20
would be a good start. Am I wrong?

- Nicholas.=

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On 4 Jan 2008, at 20:28, Randy Presuhn wrote:

>> I say this because en-US represents a cluster of
>> dialects and accents, with a unified orthography, and en-GB  
>> represents
>> a cluster of accents and dialects (some overlapping with en-US),
>
> Could you give an example of such an overlap?  The divergence in
> pronunciation was already marked in the 1700s.

I have personally noticed a lot of convergence is occurring here in  
the UK, with the large quantity of US sitcoms and music consumed. US  
speech patterns and pronunciations, especially when used in specific  
phrases, but also in the general patterns of speech. I don't believe  
it causes people to gradually start speaking with a different accent,  
but certainly can lead to blended speech in the young which differs  
from that of their parents. I have not looked for academic evidence  
for this though.

>> I believe that having a subtag registered is at present too difficult
>> (requirement for dictionaries!? what if it's mostly just an accent
>> with only phonemic changes relative to surrounding accents). A
>> relaxation of the barriers would lead to more de facto recognised
>> dialects being available to choose from.
>
> I'm not able to figure out what you're trying to say here.

I want to say "Here's some subtags for English that I think should be  
registered. Anyone disagree?" and just list them by name, using  
commonly understood terms that lay people wanting to use the tags will  
be able to identify with ease.
By lay people I mean tens of millions of folks like my girlfriend, who  
wants to make a website about dolphins, and uses one of ov dem HMTL  
programs to do so.

>> As an example, things like the supposedly "British English" speech
>> synthesizer voices on my computer (which the OS processes using the
>> tag "en_GB" from the voice's property list) sound nothing like most  
>> of
>> the accents of the United Kingdom, they would be better marked as  
>> "en-
>> received" or similar.
>
> This is not a tagging problem.  It's a complaint about a speech
> synthesizer

I disagree here. It's not the synthesizer and/or website's fault that  
the palette of choices is so restricted. If those creating the voice  
were to have a wider choice of subtags, they could more accurately  
mark it up. The synth was just one example of electronic consumption  
of content. It may be a search engine or something as yet undreamt of.  
Age and the rural/urban split also have significant influences on  
language, though those are at present not dealt with.

> and could be made for any language not tagged right
> down to the level of some person's idiolect.

Agreed. The line has to be drawn somewhere. I just think it's too  
course at present. We have the facility for creating 'approved'  
subtags without anything breaking. We might as well use it to the  
maximum :-)

>> I'm sure we can all agree on commonly recognised dialects for  
>> English,
>
> I'd be surprised.  The "cowboy" dialects spoken by my relatives in
> South Dakota differ from what the ones in Wyoming speak, and
> neither sounds much like Bush-speak.  With variation seemingly on
> the rise in US English, compiling an agreed list might be harder
> than you think.

Should have used 'dixie' as was pointed out, but as I am not familiar  
with US dialects in general I wouldn't be suggesting any :)

>> as it is a first langauge for many people on this list, and familiar
>> for many others. For other languages compiling a list might involve
>> asking a scholar for suggestions.
>
> That's not how ietf-languages@iana.org is supposed to work.

Okay. You referred to the mailing list. I was more referring to how  
the standard should be created.
I presume there are people out there (and on these lists) who get paid  
to create these things. These people would conduct or locate relevant  
research and create a map, rather like a barometric or elevation map,  
with contours encircling different dialects.

> Rather, someone (anyone) who has a need of a subtag for a
> particular dialect submits a registration request, the request is
> discussed, and the Language Subtag Reviewer decides whether
> to accept the registration.


The thing is most people using them in my field (web authors) have no  
idea this list exists, nor that they even have the need for a new  
subtag when they are creating new content. Quite often the tags are  
added without the author even knowing.
The tags have to be created beforehand and given as options on a  
platter to these people by the software.
If you expect users to register their own codes, would you like to see  
dialog boxes like this when people press 'save as HTML' ?

Please choose the most appropriate language tag for this page:
[ ]  en    English (language WizzoWebWhacker is running in)
[ ]  en-IE Hibernian English (taken from your time zone)
[x]  en-enteryourdialecthere (automatically sends a registration email  
to IETF)

[Cancel] [Okay]


(I write that only half in jest)

>> It occurred to me while writing this that perhaps a good solution
>> would be to use country codes for written content that uses the
>> national orthography, and dialect tags when transcribing spoken
>> content or for audio data. You would only combine the two if you were
>> transcribing the speech of someone with that dialect into the
>> orthography of a country (maybe not the country of the speaker).
>
> Interesting idea.  Discussion of such a proposal belongs on ltru@ietf.org 
> ,
> not here.

Moved. No comments on this? Obviously changes like this would have to  
be best practice suggestions, and not rules, for compatibility.

- Nicholas.
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On 7 Jan 2008, at 07:40, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> This is a bad start for the discussion. If you call each proposal
> "partizan", we will soon go to flame wars...

Well that's why I want someone who can be seen to be impartial to go  
through and do them all!

>> If I requested the registration of "alsatian" and not a general
> registration of all alemannic dialects, it's because I know about this
> dialect (or knows where to find information).

Well you probably know enough about the others to decide how many  
there are and give them names. It will then be up to users to pick the  
closest/most appropriate for their use case.

>> nobody has bothered to register the others.
>
> The IETF is volunteer work.

Well the standards produced are used by corporations like Sony.  
Couldn't there be a clause that public companies contribute some  
nominal fee to get things looked after professionally?
Do these standards not get adopted by the ISO, IEEE and W3C, all of  
whom have money? They could also pay someone to do a thorough job.

>> I believe that having a subtag registered is at present too
>> difficult
>
> I would partly agree (I wrote some of the texts on
> http://www.langtag.net/ because I wanted to help registration
> beginners) but only partly because registration of a subtag is a
> serious matter (once a subtag, always a subtag, there is no way back)
> and should not be done lightly.

Thanks for the URL! I will go through the registration page and see if  
I can get many UK dialects of English officially sanctioned by the end  
of this. It looks very useful for pointing beginners and not-beginners- 
but-not-experts-either at. Thanks for creating this resource :-)

>> I'm sure we can all agree on commonly recognised dialects for
>> English, as it is a first langauge for many people on this list, and
>> familiar for many others.
>
> I am not sure you properly assert the amount of work it
> means.

Perhaps not for some dialects, but surely every language has low- 
hanging fruit that all can agree on? Getting all of these would at  
least be a start.

>> For other languages compiling a list might involve asking a scholar
>> for suggestions.
>
> This would be a huge change from "Anyone can request a registration,
> if he backs his request with serious facts" from "A committee playing
> ISO-639, but without the resources of SIL". I'm note sure I would
> approve it. But, anyway, this discussion belongs to the LTRU Working
> Group.


The SIL could help. Good idea :)

- Nicholas.
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 07 10:36:53 2008
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Nicholas Shanks scripsit:

> Oh. I was pretty sure in my mind that the person who registered it  
> (who's name I could not recall) had referenced a dictionary that he  
> had authored himself, partly it had stuck in my mind, and this book  
> was published in the city of Liverpool, so I assumed he was from that  
> area too. I visited a website referred to by the registration and it  
> was all about why his accent was better than everyone else's and  
> seemed generally derogatory to non-scousers. It offended me. Maybe my  
> memory is playing tricks on me, in which case I apologise unreservedly.

No problem.  Both Stan Kelly-Bootle and I are Olde Hacqueres these
days (born in 1929 and 1958 respectively), but we are quite distinct.
For example, while we both have written folk songs, his have actually
been performed by singers of note, whereas mine have been sung only
by myself.  His book on Scouse is in its sixteenth edition, whereas
my book on Lojban is still mired between its first and second edition,
without much prospect of progress.  He was awarded the first Diploma in
Computer Science from Cambridge University, whereas I have no degrees
at all.  There are many other such points.

As for Kelly-Bootle's alleged belief in the superiority of his own accent:
given his known and evil sense of humor, I diffidently suggest that he
was taking the Minnie out of you, as I believe y'all say in Rightpondia.
("The English-speaking nations are Rightpondia and Begrudgeria in Europe,
Leftpondia and Northicia (pronounced with four syllables) in America,
Bharattia in Asia, Sarfeffrica and Cecilia (now called Zimbabwe) in
Africa, and Downundria and Aotearoa in Oceania. Rightpondia may further
be divided into the four sub-nations of Londonia, Eboracia, Bagpipia,
and Quaint." -- me)

> This sounds like an "en-scots" vs. "sco" kind of debate.

A fine example of why trying to make firm decisions about dialects
is a tricky business.

> >>they would be better marked as "en-received" or similar.
> >
> >Register it, then.
> 
> Okay. All in favo(u)r say "Aye". ;-)

Not so fast.  You have to follow the RFC 4646 procedures, and do it back
on ietf-languages.

> Didn't quite get whether you were agreeing or disagreeing with me here.
> What I was thinking was to allow content written with one orthography  
> be read by a voice designed for a different one. Some conversion could  
> happen e.g. if an american voice was reading aluminium it could drop  
> the penultimate syllable and move the stress, instead of trying to  
> pronounce it with a Gen. Am. accent.

Quite.  I was addressing your point that "en-dixie" is superior to
"en-US-dixie" by pointing out that on the contrary the latter has
better default fallback properties.  A synthesizer that can
recognize the "en-US" part can produce at least some American voice,
whereas with "en-dixie" it will probably produce its default "en",
which may or may not be American.

> Which ones would you suggest as being problematic? I suggested en- 
> scots above, though I can;t think of any more.

(I believe we settled on "en-scotland".)

The difficulty is to know where to stop.  For example, the American
South is a fairly well-defined dialect area, but how many dialects does
it contain?  There is the centuries-old distinction between the northern
and the southern portions, and a more recent split (of the last fifty
years or so) between the inland and coastal parts of the latter.  But much
finer subdivision can be and has been done when necessary and appropriate.
ietf-languages has therefore always taken an agnostic approach, waiting
for people to declare their actual needs rather than trying to impose a
particular systematism on the data ("en-scouse" and "en-boont" were in
the way of test cases rather than ones required by my personal needs).

> I would have thought looking through the lexicon of a language and  
> seeing which accents/dialects/patois already have their own names  
> would be a good start. Am I wrong?

It isn't very reliable, as dialects often don't become popularly visible
for a long time after they are tenaciously established.  For example,
the "Northern Cities" accent of en-us is a matter of the last fifty years
or so, like the Inland South I mentioned above, yet very few Americans,
*including the speakers*, are even aware of its existence.  Yet it is
radically different phonologically, having massive differences in the
short vowels as great as (but not the same as) traditional Cockney,
Australian, or New Zealander.  Only when specific instances arise, as
when a boy moved "Ian" newly named to the region is teased because his
peers hear his name as "Ann", does any awareness of a dialect spoken by
millions of people in the U.S. come to the surface.

(The U.S. isn't the only place with new dialects; Scouse only arose in
19th century, when the Liverpool's original dialect became heavily mixed
with Hiberno-English.)

[from another email]

> I have personally noticed a lot of convergence is occurring here in
> the UK, with the large quantity of US sitcoms and music consumed. US
> speech patterns and pronunciations, especially when used in specific
> phrases, but also in the general patterns of speech. I don't believe
> it causes people to gradually start speaking with a different accent,
> but certainly can lead to blended speech in the young which differs
> from that of their parents. I have not looked for academic evidence
> for this though.

Quite right: convergence is going on.  But divergence is too.

> I want to say "Here's some subtags for English that I think should be
> registered. Anyone disagree?" and just list them by name, using
> commonly understood terms that lay people wanting to use the tags will
> be able to identify with ease.

Unfortunately, counterexamples like Northern Cities make that impossible --
it unquestionably exists, but most people haven't heard of it.

> Agreed. The line has to be drawn somewhere. I just think it's too
> course at present. We have the facility for creating 'approved'
> subtags without anything breaking. We might as well use it to the
> maximum :-)

To, but not beyond.  Waiting (for the most part) for actual need
rather than pre-registering en masse is an attempt to avoid such
false positives, particularly since "once registered, always registered".

> I presume there are people out there (and on these lists) who get paid
> to create these things. These people would conduct or locate relevant
> research and create a map, rather like a barometric or elevation map,
> with contours encircling different dialects.

Things are not so cut and dried, not even at the level of languages.
We have (for better and worse) adopted ISO 639-3, which is a splitter
among language taxonomies -- that is, it is much more likely to call a
difference between varieties a language rather than a dialect difference
than other taxonomies are.  What's left we have to work our way through
carefully.

> The thing is most people using them in my field (web authors) have no
> idea this list exists, nor that they even have the need for a new
> subtag when they are creating new content. Quite often the tags are
> added without the author even knowing.

Indeed, search engines are known to entirely discard all "en" tags,
as they are applied by broken software to texts in entirely different
languages so often as to be worthless.  Fortunately, authorial tagging
of random Web documents is not the only BCP 47 application.

> The tags have to be created beforehand and given as options on a
> platter to these people by the software.

True, which means it waits until some volunteer armed with sufficient
knowledge, documentation, and dedication steps forward (whether the
volunteer is paid by someone else to do it is not a consideration in
the IETF).  Fortunately, even a little accurate tagging goes a long way.

> Moved. No comments on this? Obviously changes like this would have to
> be best practice suggestions, and not rules, for compatibility.

We do have similar remarks in the current RFC 4646bis draft.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
Linguistics is arguably the most hotly contested property in the academic
realm. It is soaked with the blood of poets, theologians, philosophers,
philologists, psychologists, biologists and neurologists, along with
whatever blood can be got out of grammarians. - Russ Rymer


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Date: Mon, 7 Jan 2008 07:54:08 -0800
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Progressing beyond borders-making subtags inclusive
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> From: Nicholas Shanks [mailto:contact@nickshanks.com]

> I disagree here. It's not the synthesizer and/or website's fault that
> the palette of choices is so restricted. If those creating the voice
> were to have a wider choice of subtags, they could more accurately mark
> it up.

Trying to come up with a universal inventory of dialect tags is the wrong a=
pproach. If the developers of the synthesizer are simply missing the right =
dialect tag, then they should register it. IMO, the correct approach to dia=
lect sub-tags is to let them be registered as individual needs are identifi=
ed.


Peter


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On 7 Jan 2008, at 15:36, John Cowan wrote:

> As for Kelly-Bootle's alleged belief in the superiority of his own  
> accent:
> given his known and evil sense of humor, I diffidently suggest that he
> was taking the Minnie out of you, as I believe y'all say in  
> Rightpondia.

My father says "extracting the Michael" ;-)

> ("The English-speaking nations are Rightpondia and Begrudgeria in  
> Europe,
> Leftpondia and Northicia (pronounced with four syllables) in America,
> Bharattia in Asia, Sarfeffrica and Cecilia (now called Zimbabwe) in
> Africa, and Downundria and Aotearoa in Oceania. Rightpondia may  
> further
> be divided into the four sub-nations of Londonia, Eboracia, Bagpipia,
> and Quaint." -- me)

You now have me thoroughly befuddled. How can Northicia be pronounced  
with anything other than four syllables? I would have thought you'd  
use http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonistan

>> Okay. All in favo(u)r say "Aye". ;-)
>
> Not so fast.  You have to follow the RFC 4646 procedures, and do it  
> back
> on ietf-languages.

So that one is just for proposals and ensuing stick-beating, and this  
one is for general chit-chat?

>> Didn't quite get whether you were agreeing or disagreeing with me  
>> here.
>> What I was thinking was to allow content written with one orthography
>> be read by a voice designed for a different one. Some conversion  
>> could
>> happen e.g. if an american voice was reading aluminium it could drop
>> the penultimate syllable and move the stress, instead of trying to
>> pronounce it with a Gen. Am. accent.
>
> Quite.  I was addressing your point that "en-dixie" is superior to
> "en-US-dixie" by pointing out that on the contrary the latter has
> better default fallback properties.

You're right. I think I was getting a bit muddled with my original  
email because I kept going back and forth within it changing things. I  
prefer en-US-dixie for fallback reasons, unless that orthography  
suggestion were to come into play, in which case "en-GB-dixie" would  
be representing a Southerner transcribed into British English (or  
maybe an expat Southerner come to live in Blighty)

> A synthesizer that can
> recognize the "en-US" part can produce at least some American voice,
> whereas with "en-dixie" it will probably produce its default "en",
> which may or may not be American.

Things processing accents would need to know that it can drop the  
country code too.
Foe example en-scouse and en-GB-scouse both represent the same thing.  
(yes, I know the second isn't technically registered, but people will  
still use those kinds of constructs because they don't know any  
better). Same with en-GB-oed.

> The difficulty is to know where to stop.

I suggested just having those dialects that have names in the general  
lexicon of speakers of the host language. Specific needs can continue  
to be catered for by individual requests.

> waiting
> for people to declare their actual needs rather than trying to  
> impose a
> particular systematism on the data ("en-scouse" and "en-boont" were in
> the way of test cases rather than ones required by my personal needs).

I have absolutely no idea who a boont is :)

>> I want to say "Here's some subtags for English that I think should be
>> registered. Anyone disagree?" and just list them by name, using
>> commonly understood terms that lay people wanting to use the tags  
>> will
>> be able to identify with ease.
>
> Unfortunately, counterexamples like Northern Cities make that  
> impossible --
> it unquestionably exists, but most people haven't heard of it.

People don't have to see the actual tag, or know what it's called.  
They could simply pick "New England (Wash./NYC/Boston)" from a list,  
and the software would put in the right tag, if that's the level of  
granularity available.

> To, but not beyond.  Waiting (for the most part) for actual need
> rather than pre-registering en masse is an attempt to avoid such
> false positives, particularly since "once registered, always  
> registered".

Many of the tags already registered will become obsolete in a few  
centuries anyway.
Unless you have two tags that denote the same dialect. False positives  
can have notes added saying "This has been reclassified as being xx- 
foobar. Use that tag instead." and it reduced to the role of synonym.  
There are already many tags floating around that are made up (see how  
widespread "en-cockney" has become after being used as an example for  
the Content-Language HTTP header). I don't think registering them all  
and categorising some as synonyms of others is all that problematic,  
indeed it removes ambiguity of having to process an unregistered tag.

>> The thing is most people using them in my field (web authors) have no
>> idea this list exists, nor that they even have the need for a new
>> subtag when they are creating new content. Quite often the tags are
>> added without the author even knowing.
>
> Indeed, search engines are known to entirely discard all "en" tags,
> as they are applied by broken software to texts in entirely different
> languages so often as to be worthless.  Fortunately, authorial tagging
> of random Web documents is not the only BCP 47 application.

It is the one I care most about, however. The other being how my OS  
uses them to do various stuff. For example, if I set my locale to  
en_DE so that I get the Euro currency symbol by default, and the right  
Summer/Winter Time dates, VLC comes up in German (i.e. that particular  
software ignores the language code and changes it's language based on  
the country code!). I already mentioned it's use by the TTS system.

>> The tags have to be created beforehand and given as options on a
>> platter to these people by the software.
>
> True, which means it waits until some volunteer armed with sufficient
> knowledge, documentation, and dedication steps forward (whether the
> volunteer is paid by someone else to do it is not a consideration in
> the IETF).  Fortunately, even a little accurate tagging goes a long  
> way.

I guess that means me, right?
Okay, so here's a list of 'named' British accents that I can think of.  
Please add/remove from this list and when it reaches stability I will  
try and find some documentation for each one so it can get added. I  
tried to go one level down from en-GB and en-IE without getting too  
picky.

Class-based accents:
received (pronunciation)

Geographically-based accents:
wales
scotland
ireland (aka hiberno; to cover both North and South, whereas a cc can't)
cockney
estuary
brummie (inc. black country)
scouse
mancunian
yorkshire (tyke; all ridings)
geordie (inc. maccam)

Age-based orthographies:
txtspk

Fictional English which might occur:
newspeak



Some of the above cribbed from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dialects_of_the_English_language

- Nicholas.
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Hi -

As a technical contributor:

> From: "Nicholas Shanks" <contact@nickshanks.com>
> To: <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Monday, January 07, 2008 9:43 AM
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Progressing beyond borders-making subtags inclusive
...
> You now have me thoroughly befuddled. How can Northicia be pronounced  
> with anything other than four syllables? I would have thought you'd  
> use http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonistan

In my accent the sequence -icia is normally pronounced the same as the
sequence -isha. Two syllables.  I had to think about the "four syllables"
a bit, and still am unsure whether the "c" would be an "s" or "sh" or
possibly "ch" or "ts".

> > Not so fast.  You have to follow the RFC 4646 procedures, and do it  
> > back
> > on ietf-languages.
>
> So that one is just for proposals and ensuing stick-beating, and this  
> one is for general chit-chat?

ietf-languages@iana.org is for specific registration requests.
Talk about what the procedures or syntax should be (not "general
chit-chat")  belongs on ltru@ietf.org

....
> > The difficulty is to know where to stop.
>
> I suggested just having those dialects that have names in the general  
> lexicon of speakers of the host language. Specific needs can continue  
> to be catered for by individual requests.

A couple of obstacles exist to using this kind of approach:

   (1) there are *lots* of languages out there, and the folks on
         ietf-languages@ietf.org probably do not have that level of
         expertise in most of them, and must thus rely on others to
         determine whether there is a need to tag a particular distinction.

   (2) the names and distinctions observed in the general lexicon of
        the speakers of a host language are at best only a starting point.
        For example, my brother and sister have clearly different accents.
        An untrained native speaker from the region might say "South
        Dakota cowboy" and "rural Minnesota".  A dialectologist would
        use different terms, and for some purposes might choose to lump
        them together (as does the Wikipedia article you cited), since
        there are some common features, even though anyone from the
        region will tell they're different. 

  (3) How does one decide that one has gathered an adequate set for
        a particular language?  It could easily be misunderstood as
        "endorsing" or "recognizing" a particular set of dialects, potentially
        politicizing work.

> > Unfortunately, counterexamples like Northern Cities make that  
> > impossible --
> > it unquestionably exists, but most people haven't heard of it.
>
> People don't have to see the actual tag, or know what it's called.  
> They could simply pick "New England (Wash./NYC/Boston)" from a list,  
> and the software would put in the right tag, if that's the level of  
> granularity available.

The philosophy has been to not try to second-guess the level of granularity
needed.  For example, I'd be quite amazed to find Washington lumped
in with the accents of New England.  There are historically several different
accents associated with Boston, and one can still hear them in use.  My
expectation as a user of a tool that was able to distinguish Washington
and New York City forms of speech would be that it would distinguish the
various accents of Boston, since the differences are at least as great.
But the point is that we don't have the resources to do this,
in advance of any stated need, for all the dialects of all the languages in the
registry.

...
> It is the one I care most about, however. The other being how my OS  
> uses them to do various stuff. For example, if I set my locale to  
> en_DE so that I get the Euro currency symbol by default, and the right  
> Summer/Winter Time dates, VLC comes up in German (i.e. that particular  
> software ignores the language code and changes it's language based on  
> the country code!). I already mentioned it's use by the TTS system.

Let's not confuse locales with language tags, despite the fact that some
strings are would be well-formed in either role.

....
> > True, which means it waits until some volunteer armed with sufficient
> > knowledge, documentation, and dedication steps forward (whether the
> > volunteer is paid by someone else to do it is not a consideration in
> > the IETF).  Fortunately, even a little accurate tagging goes a long  
> > way.
>
> I guess that means me, right?
> Okay, so here's a list of 'named' British accents that I can think of.  
> Please add/remove from this list and when it reaches stability I will  
> try and find some documentation for each one so it can get added. I  
> tried to go one level down from en-GB and en-IE without getting too  
> picky.

As co-chair:

Now, registration requests for specific subtags belong on ietf-languages@iana.org
General principles here, specific cases there.

I'm inclined to tolerate discussion of such a list ere only to the extent that
it helps the WG decide whether it would make sense to change the
existing modus operandi with respect to subtags for dialects.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 07 15:44:03 2008
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To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Progressing beyond borders-making subtags inclusive
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[Off-topic post; I've set Reply-To to me.]

Randy Presuhn scripsit:

> In my accent the sequence -icia is normally pronounced the same as the
> sequence -isha. Two syllables.  I had to think about the "four syllables"
> a bit, and still am unsure whether the "c" would be an "s" or "sh" or
> possibly "ch" or "ts".

An "s"; the intention was North-Icy-a.  The other jokes will be explained
off-list to enquirers.

> But the point is that we don't have the resources to do this,
> in advance of any stated need, for all the dialects of all the languages in the
> registry.

Indeed.

	Some say the world will end in fire,	
	Some say in ice.	
	From what I've tasted of desire	
	I hold with those who favor fire.	
	But if it had to perish twice,
	I think I know enough of hate	
	To know that for destruction ice	
	Is also great	
	And would suffice.
		--Robert Frost (1920)

-- 
A rabbi whose congregation doesn't want         John Cowan
to drive him out of town isn't a rabbi,         http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
and a rabbi who lets them do it                 cowan@ccil.org
isn't a man.    --Jewish saying


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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
To: LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 7 Jan 2008 13:00:37 -0800
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Progressing beyond borders-making subtags inclusive
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> From: Randy Presuhn

> > I suggested just having those dialects that have names in the general
> > lexicon of speakers of the host language. Specific needs can continue
> > to be catered for by individual requests.
>
> A couple of obstacles exist to using this kind of approach:
>
>    (1) there are *lots* of languages out there...

>    (2) the names and distinctions observed in the general lexicon of
>         the speakers of a host language are at best only a starting
>         point...

+1 on both points. Even if there weren't lots of languages, there is no one=
 convention for tiling the plane of dialects. (It's hard enough to agree on=
 tiling the plane of languages.) With some many individual axes of variatio=
n, dialect variation in the wild can sometimes amount to idiolects as point=
s in a nearly-continuous field. There's no need for dialect sub-tags unless=
 there is a conventionally-recognized distinction that is a useful distinct=
ion to make in language resources. Again, I think the best approach is to r=
egister those on a case-by-case basis as needs are identified.



Peter


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Addison Phillips wrote:

> I dislike this idea.

+1  Comments should be reserved for exceptional cases,
e.g. the new "mis" description is far better than to
amend the old description with a comment. =20

Using comments as "search engine optimization" is a
dubious idea, registering alsatian is fine. =20

> I'd almost favor adding a MUST NOT to draft-4646bis.

No, let the subtag review list decide what they do
with comments.  We should make clear in 4646bis that
creative (ab)uses of region codes to emulate missing
variants are at best that, emulations. =20

 Frank



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 07 19:27:48 2008
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Date: Mon, 7 Jan 2008 19:27:44 -0500
To: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
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Peter Constable scripsit:

>  Update on this: I've got agreement in principle from LOC to change
> entries of the form "Foo (Other)" to "Foo languages" in ISO 639-2. In doing
> this, they want to provide some info as to which individual-language entries
> in 639-2 are encompassed within each collection so that applications can
> derive "other" groups if that's how they want to use them. So, I'm not sure
> just how quickly that change will appear in the code tables on the 639-2
> site. (I wouldn't expect to see a change on the 639-3 site until that has
> changed on the 639-2 site.)

Pulling together the Ethnologue 14 data, we find the following, which
is probably out of date in some places -- someone needs to go through
the 639-2 registrations since 2002 (Doug?)

Afro-Asiatic (Other) [afa] includes:
        ber     Berber (Other)   [collective]
        cop     Coptic
        cus     Cushitic (Other)         [collective]
        hau     Hausa
        sem     Semitic (Other)          [collective]
        wal     Walamo

Altaic (Other) [tut] includes:
        aze     Azerbaijani
        bak     Bashkir
        bua     Buriat
        chg     Chagatai
        chv     Chuvash
        kaa     Kara-Kalpak
        kaz     Kazakh
        kir     Kirghiz
        kum     Kumyk
        mnc     Manchu
        mon     Mongolian
        tat     Tatar
        tur     Turkish
        ota     Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928)
        tuk     Turkmen
        tyv     Tuvinian
        uig     Uighur
        uzb     Uzbek
        sah     Yakut

Austronesian (Other) [map] includes:
        ace     Achinese
        ban     Balinese
        btk     Batak (Indonesia)
        bug     Buginese
        cmc     Chamic languages         [collective]
        cha     Chamorro
        chk     Chuukese
        day     Dayak
        fij     Fijian
        gay     Gayo
        gil     Gilbertese
        gor     Gorontalo
        haw     Hawaiian
        iba     Iban
        ind     Indonesian
        jav     Javanese
        kos     Kosraean
        mad     Madurese
        mak     Makasar
        mlg     Malagasy
        may     Malay
        mdr     Mandar
        mao     Maori
        mah     Marshall
        min     Minangkabau
        nau     Nauru
        nia     Nias
        niu     Niuean
        pau     Palauan
        phi     Philippine (Other)       [collective]
        pon     Pohnpeian
        rap     Rapanui
        rar     Rarotongan
        smo     Samoan
        sas     Sasak
        sun     Sundanese
        tah     Tahitian
        tet     Tetum
        tkl     Tokelau
        ton     Tonga (Tonga Islands)
        tvl     Tuvalu
        yap     Yapese

Baltic (Other) [bal] includes:
        lav     Latvian
        lit     Lithuanian

Bantu (Other) [bnt] includes:
        bai     Bamileke languages       [collective]
        bas     Basa
        bem     Bemba
        nya     Chichewa; Nyanja
        dua     Duala
        eka     Ekajuk
        ewo     Ewondo
        fan     Fang
        lug     Ganda
        her     Herero
        kam     Kamba
        kik     Kikuyu
        kmb     Kimbundu
        kin     Kinyarwanda
        kon     Kongo
        kua     Kuanyama
        lam     Lamba
        lin     Lingala
        loz     Lozi
        lub     Luba-Katanga
        lua     Luba-Lulua
        lun     Lunda
        lol     Mongo
        nde     Ndebele, North
        nbl     Ndebele, South
        ndo     Ndonga
        nym     Nyamwezi
        nyn     Nyankole
        nyo     Nyoro
        run     Rundi
        sna     Shona
        nso     Sotho, Northern
        sot     Sotho, Southern
        suk     Sukuma
        swa     Swahili
        ssw     Swati
        tiv     Tiv
        tog     Tonga (Nyasa)
        tso     Tsonga
        tsn     Tswana
        tum     Tumbuka
        umb     Umbundu
        ven     Venda
        xho     Xhosa
        yao     Yao
        zul     Zulu

Berber (Other) [ber] includes:
        kab     Kabyle
        tmh     Tamashek
        zen     Zenaga

Celtic (Other) [cel] includes:
        bre     Breton
        cor     Cornish
        gla     Gaelic (Scots)
        gle     Irish
        glv     Manx
        wel     Welsh

Creoles and Pidgins (Other) [crp] includes:
        chn     Chinook jargon
        cpe     Creoles and pidgins, English based (Other)       [collective]
        cpf     Creoles and pidgins, French-based (Other)        [collective]
        cpp     Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based (Other)    [collective]
        hmo     Hiri Motu
        pap     Papiamento
        sag     Sango

Creoles and pidgins, English based (Other) [cpe] includes:
        bis     Bislama
        tpi     Tok Pisin

Creoles and pidgins, French-based (Other) [cpf] includes:
        nothing

Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based (Other) [cpp] includes:
        nothing

Cushitic (Other) [cus] includes:
        aar     Afar
        bej     Beja
        orm     Oromo
        sid     Sidamo
        som     Somali

Dravidian (Other) [dra] includes:
        gon     Gondi
        kan     Kannada
        kru     Kurukh
        mal     Malayalam
        tam     Tamil
        tel     Telugu

Finno-Ugrian (Other) [fiu] includes:
        est     Estonian
        fin     Finnish
        hun     Hungarian
        kom     Komi
        chm     Mari
        smi     Sami languages (Other)   [collective]
        vot     Votic

Germanic (Other) [gem] includes:
        afr     Afrikaans
        dan     Danish
        dut     Dutch
        eng     English
        fao     Faroese
        fry     Frisian
        ger     German
        got     Gothic
        ice     Icelandic
        ltz     Letzeburgesch
        nds     Low German; Low Saxon
        nor     Norwegian
        sco     Scots
        swe     Swedish

Indic (Other) [inc] includes:
        asm     Assamese
        awa     Awadhi
        ben     Bengali
        bho     Bhojpuri
        bih     Bihari
        bra     Braj
        div     Divehi
        doi     Dogri
        guj     Gujarati
        him     Himachali
        hin     Hindi
        kas     Kashmiri
        kok     Konkani
        lah     Lahnda
        mag     Magahi
        mai     Maithili
        mar     Marathi
        mwr     Marwari
        nep     Nepali
        ori     Oriya
        pli     Pali
        pan     Panjabi
        raj     Rajasthani
        rom     Romany
        san     Sanskrit
        snd     Sindhi
        sin     Sinhalese
        urd     Urdu

Indo-European (Other) [ine] includes:
        alb     Albanian
        arm     Armenian
        bat     Baltic (Other)   [collective]
        cel     Celtic (Other)   [collective]
        gem     Germanic (Other)         [collective]
        grc     Greek, Ancient (to 1453)
        gre     Greek, Modern (1453-)
        inc     Indic (Other)    [collective]
        ira     Iranian (Other)          [collective]
        lat     Latin
        roa     Romance (Other)          [collective]
        sla     Slavic (Other)   [collective]

Iranian (Other) [ira] includes:
        ave     Avestan
        bal     Baluchi
        jpr     Judeo-Persian
        kur     Kurdish
        oss     Ossetian; Ossetic
        per     Persian
        pus     Pushto
        tgk     Tajik

Khoisan (Other) [khi] includes:
        sad     Sandawe

Mon-Khmer (Other) includes:
        kha     Khasi
        khm     Khmer
        vie     Vietnamese

Niger-Kordofanian (Other) [nic] includes:
        ada     Adangme
        aka     Akan
        bam     Bambara
        bad     Banda
        bnt     Bantu (Other)    [collective]
        bin     Bini
        dyu     Dyula
        efi     Efik
        ewe     Ewe
        fat     Fanti
        fon     Fon
        ful     Fulah
        gaa     Ga
        gba     Gbaya
        ibo     Igbo
        ijo     Ijo
        kpe     Kpelle
        kro     Kru
        man     Mandingo
        men     Mende
        mos     Mossi
        nzi     Nzima
        srr     Serer
        snk     Soninke
        sus     Susu
        tem     Timne
        twi     Twi
        vai     Vai
        wol     Wolof
        yor     Yoruba
        znd     Zande

Nilo-Saharan (Other) [ssa] includes:
        ach     Acoli
        din     Dinka
        kau     Kanuri
        luo     Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)
        mas     Masai
        nub     Nubian languages         [collective]
        son     Songhai

Romance (Other) [roa] includes:
        ast     Asturian; Bable
        cat     Catalan
        cos     Corsican
        fre     French
        fur     Friulian
        glg     Gallegan
        ita     Italian
        lad     Ladino
        mol     Moldavian
        oci     Occitan (post 1500); Proven�al
        por     Portuguese
        roh     Raeto-Romance
        rum     Romanian
        srd     Sardinian
        spa     Spanish

Sami languages (Other) [smi] includes:
        sme     Northern Sami

Semitic (Other) [sem] includes:
        amh     Amharic
        ara     Arabic
        arc     Aramaic
        gez     Geez
        heb     Hebrew
        jrb     Judeo-Arabic
        mlt     Maltese
        sam     Samaritan Aramaic
        syr     Syriac
        tig     Tigre
        tir     Tigrinya

Sino-Tibetan (Other) [sit] includes:
        bur     Burmese
        chi     Chinese
        dzo     Dzongkha
        kac     Kachin
        kar     Karen
        lus     Lushai
        mni     Manipuri
        new     Newari
        tib     Tibetan

Slavic (Other) [sla] includes:
        bel     Belarusian
        bos     Bosnian
        bul     Bulgarian
        chu     Church Slavic
        scr     Croatian
        cze     Czech
        mac     Macedonian
        pol     Polish
        rus     Russian
        scc     Serbian
        slo     Slovak
        slv     Slovenian
        wen     Sorbian languages        [collective]
        ukr     Ukrainian

Tai (Other) [tai] includes:
        lao     Lao
        shn     Shan
        tha     Thai
        zha     Zhuang

-- 
A witness cannot give evidence of his           John Cowan
age unless he can remember being born.          cowan@ccil.org
--Judge Blagden                               http://www.ccil.org/~cowan


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Nicholas Shanks <contact at nickshanks dot com> wrote:

> Foe example en-scouse and en-GB-scouse both represent the same thing. 
> (yes, I know the second isn't technically registered, but people will 
> still use those kinds of constructs because they don't know any 
> better). Same with en-GB-oed.

Actually, 'scouse' is now a registered variant subtag (since September 
2006), not just a piece of the grandfathered tag "en-scouse".  This 
means "en-GB-scouse" is just as valid as "en-scouse", and probably 
better for fans of remove-from-right fallback.

'oed', on the other hand, can never be a variant on its own because of 
its length.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
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Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:

> Update on this: I’ve got agreement in principle from LOC to change 
> entries of the form “Foo (Other)” to “Foo languages” in ISO 639-2. In 
> doing this, they want to provide some info as to which 
> individual-language entries in 639-2 are encompassed within each 
> collection so that applications can derive “other” groups if that’s 
> how they want to use them. So, I’m not sure just how quickly that 
> change will appear in the code tables on the 639-2 site. (I wouldn’t 
> expect to see a change on the 639-3 site until that has changed on the 
> 639-2 site.)

Am I correct in thinking the group will want to delay 4645bis again for 
this?

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 08 01:22:56 2008
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Am I correct in thinking the group will want to delay 4645bis again for 
> this?

I don't see why.  It has no structural effect, and it's just a matter
of 34 name changes later.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
Any sufficiently-complicated C or Fortran program contains an ad-hoc,
informally-specified bug-ridden slow implementation of half of Common Lisp.
        --Greenspun's Tenth Rule of Programming (rules 1-9 are unknown)


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 08 04:06:27 2008
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From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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On Fri, Jan 04, 2008 at 04:29:01PM -0800,
 Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote 
 a message of 83 lines which said:

>     2) There may be cases where the correct tag for a particular
>     language may not be immediately obvious from the data in the
>     registry.

IMHO, that's the big issue we have with the "alsatian" registration
request. How to help people find the tag when the name they use for
their language is not in the registry?

> I can see several possible responses:
...
>            c) leave the documentation of such cases to others

How do you ensure consistency in that case? Today, some people tag
alsatian as "de-FR", some (very rare, apparently) as "gsw-FR", some as
"gsw-x-alsatian" and some as the (invalid) "gsw-alsatian" or
"alsatian" or "als".

It seems that, for consistent tagging, we need one (1) authoritative
source (wether it is the LSR or a yet-to-be-done companion registry).


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On 8 Jan 2008, at 09:06, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:

> How do you ensure consistency in that case? Today, some people tag
> alsatian as "de-FR", some (very rare, apparently) as "gsw-FR", some as
> "gsw-x-alsatian" and some as the (invalid) "gsw-alsatian" or
> "alsatian" or "als".
>
> It seems that, for consistent tagging, we need one (1) authoritative
> source

I'll wager that those using de-FR, als and so on are not even looking  
at the registry, and probably don't know it exists. They're just  
applying their existing knowledge of how the system works and coming  
up with a less than correct result. As I suggested yesterday, I think  
it would be a good idea to create a separate list of synonyms  
encountered 'in the wild' and which actual tags processors (human and  
mechanical) should map them to.

- Nicholas.
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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Nicholas Shanks wrote:

> I'll wager that those using de-FR, als and so on are not even
> looking at the registry, and probably don't know it exists.

"de-FR" and "als" are rather different, the latter is just wrong.

The former was a sound workaround for Alsatian before the new=20
"gsw" was introduced (2006), and until everybody learns that it
exists, and that it's supposed to encompass Alsatian. =20

"de-FR" is still a good workaround for any German language used
in France if the tagger has no clue which of these languages it
is - Alsatian isn't the only game in twown ;-) =20

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franconian_languages> contains
some examples, in this or another article I found that the=20
German language spoken in Strasbourg is neither "Franconian"
nor "Alemanic" but a variant of "High German".  St=E9phane picked
an interesting can of worms with his proposal.

 Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 08 11:29:39 2008
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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
To: LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Jan 2008 08:29:31 -0800
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
Thread-Topic: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
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> From: John Cowan

> > Am I correct in thinking the group will want to delay 4645bis again
> for
> > this?
>
> I don't see why.  It has no structural effect, and it's just a matter
> of 34 name changes later.

I agree: there's no reason for delaying 4646bis for this, unless someone th=
inks we need some text somewhere pertaining to collections or stability tha=
t could not take effect until the change is made in ISO 639-2.



Peter


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From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Peter Constable" <petercon@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
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Agreed -- no need to delay; since we know this change is coming we can just
make sure the wording is neutral.

Mark

On Jan 8, 2008 8:29 AM, Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com> wrote:

> > From: John Cowan
>
> > > Am I correct in thinking the group will want to delay 4645bis again
> > for
> > > this?
> >
> > I don't see why.  It has no structural effect, and it's just a matter
> > of 34 name changes later.
>
> I agree: there's no reason for delaying 4646bis for this, unless someone
> thinks we need some text somewhere pertaining to collections or stability
> that could not take effect until the change is made in ISO 639-2.
>
>
>
> Peter
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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Agreed -- no need to delay; since we know this change is coming we can just make sure the wording is neutral.<br><br>Mark<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Jan 8, 2008 8:29 AM, Peter Constable &lt;<a href="mailto:petercon@microsoft.com">
petercon@microsoft.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">&gt; From: John Cowan<br><div class="Ih2E3d"><br>&gt; &gt; Am I correct in thinking the group will want to delay 4645bis again
<br>&gt; for<br>&gt; &gt; this?<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I don&#39;t see why. &nbsp;It has no structural effect, and it&#39;s just a matter<br>&gt; of 34 name changes later.<br><br></div>I agree: there&#39;s no reason for delaying 4646bis for this, unless someone thinks we need some text somewhere pertaining to collections or stability that could not take effect until the change is made in ISO 639-2.
<br><font color="#888888"><br><br><br>Peter<br></font><div><div></div><div class="Wj3C7c"><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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Date: Tue, 8 Jan 2008 20:03:04 +0100
From: LB <lbleriot@gmail.com>
To: "Frank Ellermann" <hmdmhdfmhdjmzdtjmzdtzktdkztdjz@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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To avoid resuming the 1870 war, could it be agreed that:

1. linguistics is not an exact science
2. several langtags can refer to the same language name, content,
classification, filtering, locale file, ... whatever they are used for?
3. the authoritative reference is the locutor/allocutor couple?

What is discussed here belongs to local documentation organization (langtag=
s
concatenation), not to IETF protocols. The RFC should simply explain how al=
l
the possible forms of tagging can be handled at local application layer. Ho=
w
new real life tagging can be discovered and supported. IMHO going any
further leads to being trapped into nationalistic issues, as expressed by
Frank. They may have local but have no global legitimacy.


2008/1/8, Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>:
>
> Nicholas Shanks wrote:
>
> > I'll wager that those using de-FR, als and so on are not even
> > looking at the registry, and probably don't know it exists.
>
> "de-FR" and "als" are rather different, the latter is just wrong.
>
> The former was a sound workaround for Alsatian before the new
> "gsw" was introduced (2006), and until everybody learns that it
> exists, and that it's supposed to encompass Alsatian.
>
> "de-FR" is still a good workaround for any German language used
> in France if the tagger has no clue which of these languages it
> is - Alsatian isn't the only game in twown ;-)
>
> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franconian_languages> contains
> some examples, in this or another article I found that the
> German language spoken in Strasbourg is neither "Franconian"
> nor "Alemanic" but a variant of "High German".  St=E9phane picked
> an interesting can of worms with his proposal.
>
> Frank
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



--=20
LB

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To avoid resuming the 1870 war, could it be agreed that:<br><br>1. linguist=
ics is not an exact science <br>2.
several langtags can refer to the same language name, content,
classification, filtering, locale file, ... whatever they are used for?
<br>3. the authoritative reference is the locutor/allocutor couple?<br><br>=
What
is discussed here belongs to local documentation organization (langtags
concatenation), not to IETF protocols. The RFC should simply explain
how all the possible forms of tagging can be handled at local
application layer. How new real life tagging can be discovered and
supported. IMHO going any further leads to being trapped into
nationalistic issues, as expressed by Frank. They may have local but
have no global legitimacy. <br><br><br><div><span class=3D"gmail_quote">200=
8/1/8, Frank Ellermann &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de">nobo=
dy@xyzzy.claranet.de</a>&gt;:</span><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; p=
adding-left: 1ex;">
Nicholas Shanks wrote:<br><br>&gt; I&#39;ll wager that those using de-FR, a=
ls and so on are not even<br>&gt; looking at the registry, and probably don=
&#39;t know it exists.<br><br>&quot;de-FR&quot; and &quot;als&quot; are rat=
her different, the latter is just wrong.
<br><br>The former was a sound workaround for Alsatian before the new<br>&q=
uot;gsw&quot; was introduced (2006), and until everybody learns that it<br>=
exists, and that it&#39;s supposed to encompass Alsatian.<br><br>&quot;de-F=
R&quot; is still a good workaround for any German language used
<br>in France if the tagger has no clue which of these languages it<br>is -=
 Alsatian isn&#39;t the only game in twown ;-)<br><br>&lt;<a href=3D"http:/=
/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franconian_languages">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F=
ranconian_languages
</a>&gt; contains<br>some examples, in this or another article I found that=
 the<br>German language spoken in Strasbourg is neither &quot;Franconian&qu=
ot;<br>nor &quot;Alemanic&quot; but a variant of &quot;High German&quot;.&n=
bsp;&nbsp;St=E9phane picked
<br>an interesting can of worms with his proposal.<br><br> Frank<br><br><br=
><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<b=
r><a href=3D"mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href=3D"https://=
www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></blockquote></div><br><=
br clear=3D"all"><br>-- <br>LB

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Date: Tue, 8 Jan 2008 11:27:31 -0800
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Stephane Bortzmeyer" <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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gsw faces the same issue that encompassed languages from 639-3 do. That is,
"de" meaning German was the only available tag, so de-CH was ambiguous:
meaning either

   - Swiss High German (High German as used in Switzerland), OR
   - Swiss German (Schwytzerduetsch)

Then -- and not so long ago: 2006-03-08 -- gsw was introduced for Swiss
German (and broadened to mean any Alemanic despite the letters). From that
point in time, ideally de-CH would be used only for Swiss High German, and
gsw-CH unambiguously means Swiss German.

However, applications that deal with incoming tags need to be cognizant of
the fact that a de-CH may be ambiguous, either because content was tagged
before 2006, or because people didn't realize after 2006 that gsw was
available, and how it should be used. The registry (and the source
standards) do not make this situation clear.

The relevant records are merely:

Type: language
Subtag: de
Description: German
Added: 2005-10-16
Suppress-Script: Latn

Type: language
Subtag: gsw
Description: Swiss German
Description: Alemannic
Added: 2006-03-08
Suppress-Script: Latn


In my opinion, the goal of all the descriptions and comments are to provide
*all and only* the minimal information needed to help people chose the
appropriate tag. That is, we don't want the description to be the wikipedia
article on the language, but we do want and need to provide enough
information so that if someone is faced with two possible plausible choices
of tags, the information disambiguates that choice. Thus we should add
comments and/or descriptions to the language-subtag-registry where we need
to make situations like this clear. For example, we could add to de:

Comment: For Alemanic (including Alsatian and Swiss German), see gsw.

and to gsw:

Comment: gsw-FR is used for varieties of Alemanic as used in France, notably
Alsatian. Similarly, gsw-CH is used for Swiss German (where it needs to be
distinguished from other forms of Alemanic).

Mark

On Jan 8, 2008 1:06 AM, Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote:

> On Fri, Jan 04, 2008 at 04:29:01PM -0800,
>  Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote
>  a message of 83 lines which said:
>
> >     2) There may be cases where the correct tag for a particular
> >     language may not be immediately obvious from the data in the
> >     registry.
>
> IMHO, that's the big issue we have with the "alsatian" registration
> request. How to help people find the tag when the name they use for
> their language is not in the registry?
>
> > I can see several possible responses:
> ...
> >            c) leave the documentation of such cases to others
>
> How do you ensure consistency in that case? Today, some people tag
> alsatian as "de-FR", some (very rare, apparently) as "gsw-FR", some as
> "gsw-x-alsatian" and some as the (invalid) "gsw-alsatian" or
> "alsatian" or "als".
>
> It seems that, for consistent tagging, we need one (1) authoritative
> source (wether it is the LSR or a yet-to-be-done companion registry).
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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gsw faces the same issue that encompassed languages from 639-3 do. That is, &quot;de&quot; meaning German was the only available tag, so de-CH was ambiguous: meaning either<br><ul><li>Swiss High German (High German as used in Switzerland), OR
</li><li>Swiss German (Schwytzerduetsch)</li></ul>Then -- and not so long ago: 2006-03-08 -- gsw was introduced for Swiss German (and broadened to mean any Alemanic despite the letters). From that point in time, ideally de-CH would be used only for Swiss High German, and gsw-CH unambiguously means Swiss German.
<br><br>However, applications that deal with incoming tags need to be cognizant of the fact that a de-CH may be ambiguous, either because content was tagged before 2006, or because people didn&#39;t realize after 2006 that gsw was available, and how it should be used. The registry (and the source standards) do not make this situation clear.
<br><br>The relevant records are merely:<br><br><pre>Type: language<br>Subtag: de<br>Description: German<br>Added: 2005-10-16<br>Suppress-Script: Latn<br></pre><pre>Type: language<br>Subtag: gsw<br>Description: Swiss German
<br>Description: Alemannic<br>Added: 2006-03-08<br>Suppress-Script: Latn</pre><br>In my opinion, the goal of all the descriptions and comments are to provide <i>all and only</i> the minimal information needed to help people chose the appropriate tag. That is, we don&#39;t want the description to be the wikipedia article on the language, but we do want and need to provide enough information so that if someone is faced with two possible plausible choices of tags, the information disambiguates that choice. Thus we should add comments and/or descriptions to the language-subtag-registry where we need to make situations like this clear. For example, we could add to de:
<br><br>Comment: For Alemanic (including Alsatian and Swiss German), see gsw.<br><br>and to gsw:<br><br>Comment: gsw-FR is used for varieties of Alemanic as used in France, notably Alsatian. Similarly, gsw-CH is used for Swiss German (where it needs to be distinguished from other forms of Alemanic). 
<br><br>Mark<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Jan 8, 2008 1:06 AM, Stephane Bortzmeyer &lt;<a href="mailto:bortzmeyer@nic.fr">bortzmeyer@nic.fr</a>&gt; wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
On Fri, Jan 04, 2008 at 04:29:01PM -0800,<br>&nbsp;Randy Presuhn &lt;<a href="mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">randy_presuhn@mindspring.com</a>&gt; wrote<br><div class="Ih2E3d">&nbsp;a message of 83 lines which said:<br><br>&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2) There may be cases where the correct tag for a particular
<br>&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; language may not be immediately obvious from the data in the<br>&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; registry.<br><br></div>IMHO, that&#39;s the big issue we have with the &quot;alsatian&quot; registration<br>request. How to help people find the tag when the name they use for
<br>their language is not in the registry?<br><div class="Ih2E3d"><br>&gt; I can see several possible responses:<br></div>...<br><div class="Ih2E3d">&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;c) leave the documentation of such cases to others<br><br>
</div>How do you ensure consistency in that case? Today, some people tag<br>alsatian as &quot;de-FR&quot;, some (very rare, apparently) as &quot;gsw-FR&quot;, some as<br>&quot;gsw-x-alsatian&quot; and some as the (invalid) &quot;gsw-alsatian&quot; or
<br>&quot;alsatian&quot; or &quot;als&quot;.<br><br>It seems that, for consistent tagging, we need one (1) authoritative<br>source (wether it is the LSR or a yet-to-be-done companion registry).<br><div><div></div><div class="Wj3C7c">
<br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 08 14:52:34 2008
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "LB" <lbleriot@gmail.com>
> To: "Frank Ellermann" <hmdmhdfmhdjmzdtjmzdtzktdkztdjz@gmail.com>
> Cc: <ltru@lists.ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, January 08, 2008 11:03 AM
> Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
>
> To avoid resuming the 1870 war, could it be agreed that:
...
> 2. several langtags can refer to the same language name, content,
> classification, filtering, locale file, ... whatever they are used for?

No.  Having multiple distinct (not merely more-precise and less-precise)
language tags for the same language would be a very bad thing.
The fact that the same string might be well-formed both when understood
as a language tag or when understoof as a locale does not mean that it *is*
both.

> 3. the authoritative reference is the locutor/allocutor couple?

No.  The entity tagging the data makes its decision how to tag
the data.  That decision may be incorrect, and another entity
may choose to ignore that tag an apply some other.

> What is discussed here belongs to local documentation organization (langtags
> concatenation), not to IETF protocols.

Disagree.  The semantics of tag composition from subtags is very much
within this group's domain.

> The RFC should simply explain how all the possible forms of tagging can
> be handled at local application layer. How new real life tagging can be
> discovered and supported. IMHO going any further leads to being trapped
> into nationalistic issues, as expressed by Frank. They may have local but
> have no global legitimacy.

The discussion of specific registration requests is not handled on this list.
However, discussing specific *examples* can be very helpful in the identification
of issues and learning how principles might be best applied.

Randy



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From: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
To: LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Jan 2008 13:02:30 -0800
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
Thread-Topic: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 08 16:22:10 2008
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To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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On Fri, Jan 04, 2008 at 04:29:01PM -0800,
 Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com> wrote 
 a message of 83 lines which said:

>     2) There may be cases where the correct tag for a particular
>        language may not be immediately obvious from the data in
>        the registry.  I can see several possible responses:
>            a) attempt to add the information to the registry
>            b) (as a WG) take on the effort of defining a repository
>               for this information
>            c) leave the documentation of such cases to others

OK, in any case, it may be better to explain to people where to find a
subtag, in the spirit of Unicode's "Where is my character?"
(http://www.unicode.org/standard/where/).

What do people think of this first attempt:

http://www.langtag.net/find-subtags.html


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On Tue, Jan 08, 2008 at 10:06:23AM +0100,
 Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr> wrote 
 a message of 29 lines which said:

> It seems that, for consistent tagging, we need one (1) authoritative
> source (wether it is the LSR or a yet-to-be-done companion registry).

Small show of hands about the possibility of a yet-to-be-done
companion registry, dedicated to "extra" information to help people
find the right tag. Do you consider it to be:

1) A good idea
2) A bad idea (I believe that it is a good summary of Mark Davis'
posting http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg09271.html)

If the answer is 1) (a good idea), would you prefer it to be:

1a) A formal registry, with registration procedures described in a RFC.
1b) A "Web 2.0" site, hosted for instance at www.langtag.net, allowing
anyone to add information at will.



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On Tue, Jan 08, 2008 at 11:15:08AM +0100,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote=20
 a message of 29 lines which said:

> St=E9phane picked an interesting can of worms with his proposal.

It seems that, since the publication of RFC 4646, most proposals on
ietf-languages raised a discussion on LTRU.

It may indicate that we are not stable yet, regarding the registration
process. The beta testing phase goes on?



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 08 16:54:56 2008
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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Stephane Bortzmeyer scripsit:

> It may indicate that we are not stable yet, regarding the registration
> process. The beta testing phase goes on?

It's more like this:  ietf-languages is permanent, LTRU is transient or at most
recurrent.  When an instance of LTRU exists, it makes sense to
scrutinize the cases discussed in ietf-languages to see if anything
should be changed in the new version of BCP 47 under discussion.  Most of
the time, when there is no LTRU process, ietf-languages will have to evolve its own
standing rules and best practices.

-- 
John Cowan    cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
The whole of Gaul is quartered into three halves.
        -- Julius Caesar


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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
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Peter Constable <petercon at microsoft dot com> wrote:

>>> Am I correct in thinking the group will want to delay 4645bis again 
>>> for this?
>>
>> I don't see why.  It has no structural effect, and it's just a matter 
>> of 34 name changes later.
>
> I agree: there's no reason for delaying 4646bis for this, unless 
> someone thinks we need some text somewhere pertaining to collections 
> or stability that could not take effect until the change is made in 
> ISO 639-2.

I specifically referred to 4645bis, which (in draft form) contains the 
reloaded Registry, which will be expected to be fairly stable throughout 
the IETF Last Call and RFC Editor waiting periods.  I can't think why 
anyone would want to delay 4646bis for this.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 09 01:36:22 2008
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: action item: "other" collections in 639
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> I specifically referred to 4645bis, which (in draft form) contains the 
> reloaded Registry, which will be expected to be fairly stable throughout 
> the IETF Last Call and RFC Editor waiting periods.  

It just means that if the changes go through during the waiting period,
the registry doesn't catch up until later.  This is not a structural
shift like the 3066-4646 transition, just a bulk load of new data.

-- 
Using RELAX NG compact syntax to        John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
develop schemas is one of the simple    http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
pleasures in life....
        --Jeni Tennison                 <cowan@ccil.org>


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 09 04:21:20 2008
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From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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At 04:27 08/01/09, Mark Davis wrote:
>gsw faces the same issue that encompassed languages from 639-3 do. That is, "de" meaning German was the only available tag, so de-CH was ambiguous: meaning either 
>    * Swiss High German (High German as used in Switzerland), OR 
>    * Swiss German (Schwytzerduetsch) 
>Then -- and not so long ago: 2006-03-08 -- gsw was introduced for Swiss German (and broadened to mean any Alemanic despite the letters). From that point in time, ideally de-CH would be used only for Swiss High German, and gsw-CH unambiguously means Swiss German. 

We (while I was at W3C) have always advised against the use of de-CH
for Swiss German. Of course, that doesn't mean that nobody has used it,
but at least for written content, I'd expect there is tons more of
High German with Swiss orthography than Swiss German. And both for
spoken and for written Swiss German, you really need a finer
regional distinction than just "Swiss German" to be of much use.

Regards,    Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 09 06:17:53 2008
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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On Tue, Jan 08, 2008 at 02:28:30PM -0800,
 Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote 
 a message of 159 lines which said:

> For the core message, however, it needs a bit more explanation.

Thanks. Integrated.
 


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Date: Wed, 9 Jan 2008 12:21:58 +0100
From: LB <lbleriot@gmail.com>
To: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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Dear Randy,

2008/1/8, Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>:
>
> Hi -
> As a technical contributor...
>
> > 2. several langtags can refer to the same language name, content,
> > classification, filtering, locale file, ... whatever they are used for?
>
> No.  Having multiple distinct (not merely more-precise and less-precise)
> language tags for the same language would be a very bad thing.
> The fact that the same string might be well-formed both when understood
> as a language tag or when understoof as a locale does not mean that it
> *is*
> both.


I am sorry, I do not understand.  What I mean is that if the same language
name is associated  to several langtags will not create any problem.  The
same as the same actual language can have several language names and ISO
entries ? What is the problem if one refers French as "fr" or as "fra", or
as "x-fran=E7ais" as long as the allocutors agree ?

> 3. the authoritative reference is the locutor/allocutor couple?
>
> No.  The entity tagging the data makes its decision how to tag
> the data.  That decision may be incorrect, and another entity
> may choose to ignore that tag an apply some other.


You mean that there can be several LSR?

> What is discussed here belongs to local documentation organization
> (langtags
> > concatenation), not to IETF protocols.
>
> Disagree.  The semantics of tag composition from subtags is very much
> within this group's domain.


You mean the syntax? Agreed.
But I understood the terminology was with the Reviewer?

The discussion of specific registration requests is not handled on this
> list.
> However, discussing specific *examples* can be very helpful in the
> identification
> of issues and learning how principles might be best applied.


Full agreement.
However, examples should  be kept as neutral as possible, carrying no
pragmatic.
A "de-FR" tag has a significant context attached.

--=20
LB

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Dear Randy,<br><br><div><span class=3D"gmail_quote">2008/1/8, Randy Presuhn=
 &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:randy_presuhn@mindspring.com">randy_presuhn@mindspri=
ng.com</a>&gt;:</span><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"border-lef=
t: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1=
ex;">
Hi -<br>As a technical contributor...<br><br>&gt; 2. several langtags can r=
efer to the same language name, content,<br>&gt; classification, filtering,=
 locale file, ... whatever they are used for?<br><br>No.&nbsp;&nbsp;Having =
multiple distinct (not merely more-precise and less-precise)
<br>language tags for the same language would be a very bad thing.<br>The f=
act that the same string might be well-formed both when understood<br>as a =
language tag or when understoof as a locale does not mean that it *is*<br>
both.</blockquote><div><br>I am sorry, I do not understand.&nbsp; What I me=
an is that if the same language name is associated&nbsp; to several langtag=
s will not create any problem.&nbsp; The same as the same actual language c=
an have several language names and ISO entries ? What is the problem if one=
 refers French as &quot;fr&quot; or as &quot;fra&quot;, or as &quot;x-fran=
=E7ais&quot; as long as the allocutors agree ? =20
<br></div><br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"border-left: 1px s=
olid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">&gt=
; 3. the authoritative reference is the locutor/allocutor couple?<br><br>No=
.&nbsp;&nbsp;The entity tagging the data makes its decision how to tag
<br>the data.&nbsp;&nbsp;That decision may be incorrect, and another entity=
<br>may choose to ignore that tag an apply some other.</blockquote><div><br=
>You mean that there can be several LSR?<br></div><br><blockquote class=3D"=
gmail_quote" style=3D"border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0p=
t 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
&gt; What is discussed here belongs to local documentation organization (la=
ngtags<br>&gt; concatenation), not to IETF protocols.<br><br>Disagree.&nbsp=
;&nbsp;The semantics of tag composition from subtags is very much<br>within=
 this group&#39;s domain.
</blockquote><div><br>You mean the syntax? Agreed. <br>But I understood the=
 terminology was with the Reviewer?<br></div><br><blockquote class=3D"gmail=
_quote" style=3D"border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt=
 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
The discussion of specific registration requests is not handled on this lis=
t.<br>However, discussing specific *examples* can be very helpful in the id=
entification<br>of issues and learning how principles might be best applied=
.
</blockquote><div><br>Full agreement. <br>However, examples should&nbsp; be=
 kept as neutral as possible, carrying no pragmatic. <br>A &quot;de-FR&quot=
; tag has a significant context attached.<br></div></div><br>-- <br>LB

------=_Part_9952_13754184.1199877718726--



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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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JFC wrote:

> What I mean is that if the same language name is associated
> to several langtags will not create any problem.

We're trying to avoid this as it increases the registry, and it
makes matching harder than necessary.  When I'm looking for say
Alsatian content I'm not necessarily interested in finding gsw
pages with other Alemannic dialects, or any non-Alemannic pages
roughly passing as "some kind of German language as spoken in
France" when that's *not* Alsatian (e.g. if it is Franconian).

>> The semantics of tag composition from subtags is very much
>> within this group's domain.

> You mean the syntax? Agreed.

I guess he means semantics when he says semantics.  The only
syntactical problem was my proposal to use prefix gsw-FR for
a variant Alsatian:  For constructs like gsw-Brai-FR-alsatian
I'm not sure if our definition of "prefix" covers them.

> However, examples should be kept as neutral as possible,
> carrying no pragmatic.

NAK, it's far easier to look at practical examples where some
of us have an idea what they actually are.

> A "de-FR" tag has a significant context attached.

"Some German language (or dialect) as spoken in France" is
not significant enough to trigger only on Alsatian, if that's
what you mean.  Taggers not familiar with the fine print of
gsw and lb, and how to tell what's what, might still try to
use de-FR instead of gsw-FR / lb-FR if it reflects what they
know.  Besides the Wikipedia article suggests that High-German
dialects also exist in France, making de-FR fuzzier, it could
be "correct", not only "old" or "better than nothing".

 Frank



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On Wed, Jan 09, 2008 at 02:29:20PM +0100,
 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote 
 a message of 47 lines which said:

> JFC wrote:

Are you sure LB is the One-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named? I found his style
strange and confused and, now that you've detected Him, I admit there
is some proximity, but not yet a proof...



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 09 10:32:46 2008
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On the outside chance that this is not a sock puppet...

LB <lbleriot at gmail dot com> wrote:

> I am sorry, I do not understand.  What I mean is that if the same 
> language name is associated  to several langtags will not create any 
> problem.  The same as the same actual language can have several 
> language names and ISO entries ? What is the problem if one refers 
> French as "fr" or as "fra", or as "x-français" as long as the 
> allocutors agree ?

Coding systems exist so that senders and receivers can communicate in a 
clear, unequivocal way, without having to make any special arrangement 
other than to adhere to the published coding system.

Having multiple code elements for the same entity does not aid this: it 
requires receivers to recognize multiple code elements and treat them as 
equivalent, which complicates matching with no real benefit to offset 
the cost.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 09 10:39:37 2008
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Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

> Small show of hands about the possibility of a yet-to-be-done 
> companion registry, dedicated to "extra" information to help people 
> find the right tag. Do you consider it to be:
>
> 1) A good idea
> 2) A bad idea (I believe that it is a good summary of Mark Davis' 
> posting 
> http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg09271.html)

The more formal it is, the worse an idea it is.  People will rightly ask 
why two registries are needed.

This might be a suitable project for the World Language Documentation 
Centre <http://www.thewldc.org/>.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 09 13:33:13 2008
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Date: Wed, 9 Jan 2008 10:33:07 -0800
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Martin Duerst" <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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I agree completely with what you said, about what *should have been
done.*What I was describing was what would happen unless people
happened to get on
the right lists or look at the right pages... That's why I think we want
short xrefs in the registry itself.

On Jan 9, 2008 12:46 AM, Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote:

> At 04:27 08/01/09, Mark Davis wrote:
> >gsw faces the same issue that encompassed languages from 639-3 do. That
> is, "de" meaning German was the only available tag, so de-CH was ambiguous:
> meaning either
> >    * Swiss High German (High German as used in Switzerland), OR
> >    * Swiss German (Schwytzerduetsch)
> >Then -- and not so long ago: 2006-03-08 -- gsw was introduced for Swiss
> German (and broadened to mean any Alemanic despite the letters). From that
> point in time, ideally de-CH would be used only for Swiss High German, and
> gsw-CH unambiguously means Swiss German.
>
> We (while I was at W3C) have always advised against the use of de-CH
> for Swiss German. Of course, that doesn't mean that nobody has used it,
> but at least for written content, I'd expect there is tons more of
> High German with Swiss orthography than Swiss German. And both for
> spoken and for written Swiss German, you really need a finer
> regional distinction than just "Swiss German" to be of much use.
>
> Regards,    Martin.
>
>
>
> #-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
> #-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp
>
>


-- 
Mark

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I agree completely with what you said, about what <i>should have been done.</i> What I was describing was what would happen unless people happened to get on the right lists or look at the right pages... That&#39;s why I think we want short xrefs in the registry itself.
<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Jan 9, 2008 12:46 AM, Martin Duerst &lt;<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp">duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a>&gt; wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<div class="Ih2E3d">At 04:27 08/01/09, Mark Davis wrote:<br>&gt;gsw faces the same issue that encompassed languages from 639-3 do. That is, &quot;de&quot; meaning German was the only available tag, so de-CH was ambiguous: meaning either
<br>&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;* Swiss High German (High German as used in Switzerland), OR<br>&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;* Swiss German (Schwytzerduetsch)<br>&gt;Then -- and not so long ago: 2006-03-08 -- gsw was introduced for Swiss German (and broadened to mean any Alemanic despite the letters). From that point in time, ideally de-CH would be used only for Swiss High German, and gsw-CH unambiguously means Swiss German.
<br><br></div>We (while I was at W3C) have always advised against the use of de-CH<br>for Swiss German. Of course, that doesn&#39;t mean that nobody has used it,<br>but at least for written content, I&#39;d expect there is tons more of
<br>High German with Swiss orthography than Swiss German. And both for<br>spoken and for written Swiss German, you really need a finer<br>regional distinction than just &quot;Swiss German&quot; to be of much use.<br><br>Regards, &nbsp; &nbsp;Martin.
<br><br><br><br>#-#-# &nbsp;Martin J. Du&quot;rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University<br>#-#-# &nbsp;<a href="http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp" target="_blank">http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp</a> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; mailto:<a href="mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp">
duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp</a><br><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 09 17:24:43 2008
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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>To: ltru=40lists.ietf.org
>From: =22Frank Ellermann=22 <nobody=40xyzzy.claranet.de>

>Nicholas Shanks wrote:
>
>> I'll wager that those using de-FR, als and so on are not even
>> looking at the registry, and probably don't know it exists.
>
>=22de-FR=22 and =22als=22 are rather different, the latter is just wrong.
>
>The former was a sound workaround for Alsatian before the new =

>=22gsw=22 was introduced (2006), and until everybody learns that it
>exists, and that it's supposed to encompass Alsatian.  =

>
>=22de-FR=22 is still a good workaround for any German language used
>in France if the tagger has no clue which of these languages it
>is - Alsatian isn't the only game in twown ;-)  =


A little remark: =

Currently ( see http://www.langtag.net/registries/lsr-language-utf8.txt ),=
 =

=22de=22 is for German language only, not for all German languages or =

all Germanic languages, in the same way that =22fr=22 do not inclue =22wa=22=
 (Walloon) or =22pcd=22, and =22en=22 do note include sco (Scots). =


If if =22gem=22 where for all Germanic languages (see
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg09258.html
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg09260.html ), =

and without other subtag, =

gem-fr would be the best tag for all germanic idioms of/in France. =


><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franconian=5Flanguages> contains
>some examples, in this or another article I found that the =

>German language spoken in Strasbourg is neither =22Franconian=22
>nor =22Alemanic=22 but a variant of =22High German=22.  St=E9phane picked
>an interesting can of worms with his proposal.
>
> Frank

I think that gem-alemanic-gsw-alsacian-Latn-fr could be... hmm, no, forget=
 this. =





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Nicolas Krebs wrote:
=20
> Currently "de" is for German language only, not for all German
> languages or all Germanic languages, in the same way that "fr"
> do not inclue "wa" (Walloon) or "pcd", and "en" do note include
> sco (Scots).=20

Yes, Karen mentioned it on the other list, but as St=E9phane noted
some days ago some gem languages (not limited to gsw) are close
to de, while others such as frr are not.  From my POV gsw could
also pass as de variant, while frr is a foreign language.  Maybe
it's similar for wa wrt fr, sco wrt en, etc.

> gem-fr would be the best tag for all germanic idioms of/in=20
> France.=20

In theory.  It loses the important detail of a close relationship
to only one of fr / en / de (etc.) for the corresponding idioms.

At some point we're down to what the tagger *knows* and *intends*.

 Frank



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Fwd: Addition request: alsatian
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At 03:29 08/01/10, Mark Davis wrote:
>I think it would be useful to have some language like this in the spec..=
.. Doug, you want to take a pass at formulating it, and suggesting a loca=
tion?
>
>On Jan 9, 2008 6:52 AM, Doug Ewell < <mailto:dewell@roadrunner.com>dewel=
l@roadrunner.com> wrote:
>>...
>>
>>"en-US" and "en-CA" mean, roughly, English with specific features
>>generally thought to be characteristic of the United States and Canada,
>>respectively.  They do not imply that a significant dialectical boundar=
y=20
>>exists between any arbitrarily selected point in the U.S. and any
>>arbitrarily selected point in Canada, which boundary does not exist
>>between points within the U.S. or within Canada.

I agree with Mark that this is language that should go into our
spec. I'd only change one thing:
'characteristic of the United States and Canada'
-> 'characteristic of English as used in the United States and Canada'

Regards,    Martin.


>>Region subtags are not precise.  This is not a critical problem.=20
>>
>>--
>>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>><http://www.ewellic.org>http://www.ewellic.org
>>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>><http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages>http://www.al=
vestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  =1B$B%R+=EE=1B(B
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>Ietf-languages mailing list
>><mailto:Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no>Ietf-languages@alvestrand.no
>>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages
>
>
>
>--=20
>Mark=20
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp =
   =20



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2008/1/9, Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>:
>
> We're trying to avoid this as it increases the registry, and it
> makes matching harder than necessary.


Dear Frank,
matching means a locutor's and an allocutor's visions being matched.
This means some trade-off. If you make it too hard from one of them
you will have no match because you will have nothing.

 When I'm looking for say
> Alsatian content I'm not necessarily interested in finding gsw
> pages with other Alemannic dialects, or any non-Alemannic pages
> roughly passing as "some kind of German language as spoken in
> France" when that's *not* Alsatian (e.g. if it is Franconian).


I did not react to what was said about my region (French/Breton).
But I know Alsatians who would disagree with this. see below.

>> The semantics of tag composition from subtags is very much
> >> within this group's domain.
>
> > You mean the syntax? Agreed.
>
> I guess he means semantics when he says semantics.  The only
> syntactical problem was my proposal to use prefix gsw-FR for
> a variant Alsatian:  For constructs like gsw-Brai-FR-alsatian
> I'm not sure if our definition of "prefix" covers them.


This is a syntax standard. Semantics can only be about the content.
Not about operational cases. Otherwise it is not a standard but an opinion.

> However, examples should be kept as neutral as possible,
> > carrying no pragmatic.
>
> NAK, it's far easier to look at practical examples where some
> of us have an idea what they actually are.


Correct, this is why it must be analytical pragmatics. One must not
pay so much attention to historical context as you seem to do.

> A "de-FR" tag has a significant context attached.
>
> "Some German language (or dialect) as spoken in France" is
> not significant enough to trigger only on Alsatian, if that's
> what you mean.  Taggers not familiar with the fine print of
> gsw and lb, and how to tell what's what, might still try to
> use de-FR instead of gsw-FR / lb-FR if it reflects what they
> know.  Besides the Wikipedia article suggests that High-German
> dialects also exist in France, making de-FR fuzzier, it could
> be "correct", not only "old" or "better than nothing".


Sorry, this is not what I mean. I mean that as a German you
may have that context in mind, and as a French I have not the
same. So, the example is of no use. The only thing I want to
convey is that it will most probably be the same for every example.

This is why, as a multilinguist, I am embarassed by some
linguist's concepts on this list. They do not fit with ISO 639. Unless
Randy is correct and you do not document a single LSR at
network level, but an application level system.
-- 
LB

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<span class="gmail_quote">2008/1/9, Frank Ellermann &lt;<a href="mailto:nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de">nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de</a>&gt;:</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-left: 0.80ex; border-left-color: #cccccc; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; padding-left: 1ex">
We&#39;re trying to avoid this as it increases the registry, and it<br>makes matching harder than necessary.&nbsp;</blockquote><div><br>Dear Frank,<br>matching&nbsp;means&nbsp;a&nbsp;locutor&#39;s&nbsp;and&nbsp;an&nbsp;allocutor&#39;s&nbsp;visions&nbsp;being&nbsp;matched.
<br>This&nbsp;means&nbsp;some&nbsp;trade-off.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;make&nbsp;it&nbsp;too&nbsp;hard&nbsp;from&nbsp;one&nbsp;of&nbsp;them<br>you&nbsp;will&nbsp;have&nbsp;no&nbsp;match&nbsp;because&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;have&nbsp;nothing.&nbsp;</div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-left: 0.80ex; border-left-color: #cccccc; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; padding-left: 1ex">
&nbsp;When I&#39;m looking for say<br>Alsatian content I&#39;m not necessarily interested in finding gsw<br>pages with other Alemannic dialects, or any non-Alemannic pages<br>roughly passing as &quot;some kind of German language as spoken in
<br>France&quot; when that&#39;s *not* Alsatian (e.g. if it is Franconian).</blockquote><div><br>I&nbsp;did&nbsp;not&nbsp;react&nbsp;to&nbsp;what&nbsp;was&nbsp;said&nbsp;about my&nbsp;region&nbsp;(French/Breton).&nbsp;<br>But I know Alsatians who would disagree with this.&nbsp;see&nbsp;below. 
<br></div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-left: 0.80ex; border-left-color: #cccccc; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; padding-left: 1ex">
&gt;&gt; The semantics of tag composition from subtags is very much<br>&gt;&gt; within this group&#39;s domain.<br><br>&gt; You mean the syntax? Agreed.<br><br>I guess he means semantics when he says semantics.&nbsp;&nbsp;The only<br>
syntactical problem was my proposal to use prefix gsw-FR for<br>a variant Alsatian:&nbsp;&nbsp;For constructs like gsw-Brai-FR-alsatian<br>I&#39;m not sure if our definition of &quot;prefix&quot; covers them.</blockquote><div><br>This&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;syntax&nbsp;standard.&nbsp;Semantics&nbsp;can&nbsp;only&nbsp;be&nbsp;about&nbsp;the&nbsp;content.
<br>Not&nbsp;about&nbsp;operational&nbsp;cases.&nbsp;Otherwise&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;a&nbsp;standard&nbsp;but&nbsp;an&nbsp;opinion.&nbsp;</div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-left: 0.80ex; border-left-color: #cccccc; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; padding-left: 1ex">
&gt; However, examples should be kept as neutral as possible,<br>&gt; carrying no pragmatic.<br><br>NAK, it&#39;s far easier to look at practical examples where some<br>of us have an idea what they actually are.</blockquote>
<div><br>Correct,&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;why&nbsp;it&nbsp;must&nbsp;be&nbsp;analytical&nbsp;pragmatics. One must not <br>pay so much attention to historical context as you seem to do.&nbsp;</div><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; margin-left: 0.80ex; border-left-color: #cccccc; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; padding-left: 1ex">
&gt; A &quot;de-FR&quot; tag has a significant context attached.<br><br>&quot;Some German language (or dialect) as spoken in France&quot; is<br>not significant enough to trigger only on Alsatian, if that&#39;s<br>what you mean.&nbsp;&nbsp;Taggers not familiar with the fine print of
<br>gsw and lb, and how to tell what&#39;s what, might still try to<br>use de-FR instead of gsw-FR / lb-FR if it reflects what they<br>know.&nbsp;&nbsp;Besides the Wikipedia article suggests that High-German<br>dialects also exist in France, making de-FR fuzzier, it could
<br>be &quot;correct&quot;, not only &quot;old&quot; or &quot;better than nothing&quot;.</blockquote><div><br>Sorry,&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;what&nbsp;I&nbsp;mean.&nbsp;I&nbsp;mean&nbsp;that&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;German&nbsp;you&nbsp;<br>may have&nbsp;that context&nbsp;in&nbsp;mind,&nbsp;and&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;French I have&nbsp;not&nbsp;the&nbsp;
<br>same.&nbsp;So,&nbsp;the&nbsp;example&nbsp;is&nbsp;of&nbsp;no&nbsp;use. The&nbsp;only&nbsp;thing&nbsp;I&nbsp;want&nbsp;to<br>convey&nbsp;is&nbsp;that&nbsp;it&nbsp;will most&nbsp;probably&nbsp;be&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;for&nbsp;every&nbsp;example.<br><br>This&nbsp;is&nbsp;why,&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;multilinguist,&nbsp;I&nbsp;am&nbsp;embarassed&nbsp;by&nbsp;some <br>linguist&#39;s concepts&nbsp;on this list.&nbsp;They&nbsp;do not fit with  ISO&nbsp;639.&nbsp;Unless
<br>Randy is correct and you do not       document a single LSR at <br>network level, but an application level system.<br></div>-- <br>LB 

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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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>Date: Tue, 8 Jan 2008 20:03:04 +0100
>From: LB <lbleriot=40gmail.com>
>To: =22Frank Ellermann=22 <hmdmhdfmhdjmzdtjmzdtzktdkztdjz=40gmail.com>
>CC: ltru=40lists.ietf.org

>To avoid resuming the 1870 war, =


Why avoid or no avoid =22resuming the 1870 war=22? =


> could it be agreed that:
>
>1. linguistics is not an exact science
>2. several langtags can refer to the same language name, content,
>classification, filtering, locale file, ... whatever they are used for?
>3. the authoritative reference is the locutor/allocutor couple?
>
>What is discussed here belongs to local documentation organization (langt=
ags
>concatenation), not to IETF protocols. The RFC should simply explain how =
all
>the possible forms of tagging can be handled at local application layer. =
How
>new real life tagging can be discovered and supported. IMHO going any
>further leads to being trapped into nationalistic issues, as expressed by
>Frank. They may have local but have no global legitimacy.

No, there can not currently be agreement on this. Next question? =





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Mark Davis <mark dot davis at icu dash project dot org> wrote:

> I think it would be useful to have some language like this in the 
> spec.... Doug, you want to take a pass at formulating it, and 
> suggesting a location?

Well, somewhere within Section 4.1 certainly seems appropriate.  I'll 
try to come up with wording that avoids some of the unfortunate examples 
I've been choosing in this thread.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ 



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 15 13:17:16 2008
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I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the 4646bis section
on well-formed and valid tags, because I have found myself typing it,
or something like it, several times lately:

	Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
	but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
	characters.  That is, they should never be used by anyone for any
	purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
	meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
	meaning.

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
America! America!  God mend thine every flaw,
Confirm thy soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
        -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools


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agreed, with one minor wording change.

On Jan 15, 2008 10:17 AM, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org> wrote:

> I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the 4646bis section
> on well-formed and valid tags, because I have found myself typing it,
> or something like it, several times lately:
>
>        Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
>        but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
>        characters.  That is, they should never be used by anyone for any
>        purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
>        meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned

that would conflict with the user-assigned
[we only need one "may" in the sentence.]

>
>        meaning.
>
> --
> John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan<http://www.ccil.org/%7Ecowan>
> O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
> Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
> America! America!  God mend thine every flaw,
> Confirm thy soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
>        -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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agreed, with one minor wording change.<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Jan 15, 2008 10:17 AM, John Cowan &lt;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>&gt; wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the 4646bis section<br>on well-formed and valid tags, because I have found myself typing it,<br>or something like it, several times lately:<br><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;but not valid XML. &nbsp;They are much more like unassigned Unicode<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;characters. &nbsp;That is, they should never be used by anyone for any<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned</blockquote><div>that would conflict with the user-assigned<br>[we only need one &quot;may&quot; in the sentence.] <br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning.<br><br>--<br>John Cowan &nbsp;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a> &nbsp; <a href="http://www.ccil.org/%7Ecowan" target="_blank">http://www.ccil.org/~cowan</a><br>O beautiful for patriot&#39;s dream that sees beyond the years
<br>Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!<br>America! America! &nbsp;God mend thine every flaw,<br>Confirm thy soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!<br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;-- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S
. schools<br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
</a><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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Peter wrote:

Even if there weren't lots of languages,
> there is no one convention for tiling the plane of dialects.
> (It's hard enough to agree on tiling the plane of languages.)
> With some many individual axes of variation, dialect
> variation in the wild can sometimes amount to idiolects as
> points in a nearly-continuous field. There's no need for
> dialect sub-tags unless there is a conventionally-recognized
> distinction that is a useful distinction to make in language
> resources. Again, I think the best approach is to register
> those on a case-by-case basis as needs are identified.

I fear the true question is "what is a language/dialect"?  Better to work on
linguistic entities methinks!

Best regards

Debbie



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Peter Constable [mailto:petercon@microsoft.com]
> Sent: 07 January 2008 21:01
> To: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Progressing beyond borders-making
> subtags inclusive
>
> > From: Randy Presuhn
>
> > > I suggested just having those dialects that have names in the
> > > general lexicon of speakers of the host language.
> Specific needs can
> > > continue to be catered for by individual requests.
> >
> > A couple of obstacles exist to using this kind of approach:
> >
> >    (1) there are *lots* of languages out there...
>
> >    (2) the names and distinctions observed in the general lexicon of
> >         the speakers of a host language are at best only a starting
> >         point...
>
> +1 on both points. Even if there weren't lots of languages,
> there is no one convention for tiling the plane of dialects.
> (It's hard enough to agree on tiling the plane of languages.)
> With some many individual axes of variation, dialect
> variation in the wild can sometimes amount to idiolects as
> points in a nearly-continuous field. There's no need for
> dialect sub-tags unless there is a conventionally-recognized
> distinction that is a useful distinction to make in language
> resources. Again, I think the best approach is to register
> those on a case-by-case basis as needs are identified.
>
>
>
> Peter
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>






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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
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 Nicholas wrote:

> As I suggested yesterday, I think it would be a good idea to
> create a separate list of synonyms encountered 'in the wild'
> and which actual tags processors (human and
> mechanical) should map them to.

I agree.  ISO's Standards as Databases initiative should facilitate this.
This is also something that I mentioned many moons ago here on LTRU.

Best regards

Debbie

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Nicholas Shanks [mailto:contact@nickshanks.com]
> Sent: 08 January 2008 09:29
> To: LTRU Working Group
> Subject: [Ltru] Re: Description on tags, not just subtags?
>
> On 8 Jan 2008, at 09:06, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
>
> > How do you ensure consistency in that case? Today, some people tag
> > alsatian as "de-FR", some (very rare, apparently) as
> "gsw-FR", some as
> > "gsw-x-alsatian" and some as the (invalid) "gsw-alsatian" or
> > "alsatian" or "als".
> >
> > It seems that, for consistent tagging, we need one (1)
> authoritative
> > source
>
> I'll wager that those using de-FR, als and so on are not even
> looking at the registry, and probably don't know it exists.
> They're just applying their existing knowledge of how the
> system works and coming up with a less than correct result.
> As I suggested yesterday, I think it would be a good idea to
> create a separate list of synonyms encountered 'in the wild'
> and which actual tags processors (human and
> mechanical) should map them to.
>
> - Nicholas.






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From: "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>
To: "'John Cowan'" <cowan@ccil.org>,
	<ltru@ietf.org>
References: <20080115181707.GF16192@mercury.ccil.org>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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John wrote:

> 	Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
> 	but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
> 	characters.  That is, they should never be used by
> anyone for any
> 	purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
> 	meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
> 	meaning.

I really don't like language that refers the end user to standards that they
may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do with language
encoding.

How about:
---

Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in terms
of content.  Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own subtags, other than
private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as they may
find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a later date
with a different meaning.

---

Best regards

Debbie


> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17
> To: ltru@ietf.org
> Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
> language tags
>
> I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the
> 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I have
> found myself typing it, or something like it, several times lately:
>
> 	Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
> 	but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
> 	characters.  That is, they should never be used by
> anyone for any
> 	purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
> 	meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
> 	meaning.
>
> --
> John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
> O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
> Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
> America! America!  God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy
> soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
>         -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
>






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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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>From my perspective, Debbie's suggestion would be more clear to your 
average end user of the RFC.

Karen Broome


"Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote on 01/15/2008 12:37:55 
PM:

> John wrote:
> 
> >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
> >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
> >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
> > anyone for any
> >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
> >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
> >    meaning.
> 
> I really don't like language that refers the end user to standards that 
they
> may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do with 
language
> encoding.
> 
> How about:
> ---
> 
> Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in 
terms
> of content.  Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own subtags, other 
than
> private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as they 
may
> find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a later 
date
> with a different meaning.
> 
> ---
> 
> Best regards
> 
> Debbie
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> > Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17
> > To: ltru@ietf.org
> > Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
> > language tags
> >
> > I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the
> > 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I have
> > found myself typing it, or something like it, several times lately:
> >
> >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
> >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
> >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
> > anyone for any
> >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
> >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
> >    meaning.
> >
> > --
> > John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
> > O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
> > Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
> > America! America!  God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy
> > soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
> >         -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >
> >
> >
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 

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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">From my perspective, Debbie's suggestion
would be more clear to your average end user of the RFC.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome<br>
</font>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>&quot;Debbie Garside&quot; &lt;debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk&gt;
wrote on 01/15/2008 12:37:55 PM:<br>
<br>
&gt; John wrote:<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;Well-formed but not valid language tags are not
like well-formed<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;but not valid XML. &nbsp;They are much more like
unassigned Unicode<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;characters. &nbsp;That is, they should never be
used by<br>
&gt; &gt; anyone for any<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;purpose, because at any time they may be assigned
an official<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; I really don't like language that refers the end user to standards
that they<br>
&gt; may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do with
language<br>
&gt; encoding.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; How about:<br>
&gt; ---<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid
in terms<br>
&gt; of content. &nbsp;Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own subtags,
other than<br>
&gt; private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as
they may<br>
&gt; find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a later
date<br>
&gt; with a different meaning.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; ---<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Best regards<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Debbie<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; -----Original Message-----<br>
&gt; &gt; From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]<br>
&gt; &gt; Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17<br>
&gt; &gt; To: ltru@ietf.org<br>
&gt; &gt; Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid<br>
&gt; &gt; language tags<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the<br>
&gt; &gt; 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I have<br>
&gt; &gt; found myself typing it, or something like it, several times lately:<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;Well-formed but not valid language tags are not
like well-formed<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;but not valid XML. &nbsp;They are much more like
unassigned Unicode<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;characters. &nbsp;That is, they should never be
used by<br>
&gt; &gt; anyone for any<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;purpose, because at any time they may be assigned
an official<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; --<br>
&gt; &gt; John Cowan &nbsp;cowan@ccil.org &nbsp; http://www.ccil.org/~cowan<br>
&gt; &gt; O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years<br>
&gt; &gt; Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!<br>
&gt; &gt; America! America! &nbsp;God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy<br>
&gt; &gt; soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!<br>
&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -- one of the verses not usually
taught in U.S. schools<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt; _______________________________________________<br>
&gt; &gt; Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt; &gt; Ltru@ietf.org<br>
&gt; &gt; https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; _______________________________________________<br>
&gt; Ltru mailing list<br>
&gt; Ltru@ietf.org<br>
&gt; https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru<br>
&gt; <br>
</font></tt>
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 15 16:38:43 2008
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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Why not use MUST NOT instead of SHOULD NOT?

MUST NOT does not prevent people from doing the wrong thing nor does it 
prevent well-formed-by-not-validating implementations from being 
written. But it does say, clearly, not to use unregistered junk. SHOULD 
NOT means "don't unless you have a really good reason to". I cannot 
think of a single case where there would be a really good reason to (not 
addressed by private-use codes).

Note: to either proposed text, one might note that a validating 
processor would be within its rights to reject any such tag, making it 
inoperable.

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:
> 
>  From my perspective, Debbie's suggestion would be more clear to your 
> average end user of the RFC.
> 
> Karen Broome
> 
> 
> "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote on 01/15/2008 
> 12:37:55 PM:
> 
>  > John wrote:
>  >
>  > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
>  > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
>  > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
>  > > anyone for any
>  > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
>  > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
>  > >    meaning.
>  >
>  > I really don't like language that refers the end user to standards 
> that they
>  > may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do with 
> language
>  > encoding.
>  >
>  > How about:
>  > ---
>  >
>  > Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in 
> terms
>  > of content.  Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own subtags, other 
> than
>  > private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as 
> they may
>  > find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a 
> later date
>  > with a different meaning.
>  >
>  > ---
>  >
>  > Best regards
>  >
>  > Debbie
>  >
>  >
>  > > -----Original Message-----
>  > > From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
>  > > Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17
>  > > To: ltru@ietf.org
>  > > Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
>  > > language tags
>  > >
>  > > I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the
>  > > 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I have
>  > > found myself typing it, or something like it, several times lately:
>  > >
>  > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
>  > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
>  > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
>  > > anyone for any
>  > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
>  > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
>  > >    meaning.
>  > >
>  > > --
>  > > John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
>  > > O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
>  > > Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
>  > > America! America!  God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy
>  > > soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
>  > >         -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools
>  > >
>  > >
>  > > _______________________________________________
>  > > Ltru mailing list
>  > > Ltru@ietf.org
>  > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>  > >
>  > >
>  > >
>  >
>  >
>  >
>  >
>  >
>  >
>  > _______________________________________________
>  > Ltru mailing list
>  > Ltru@ietf.org
>  > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>  >
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


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Date: Tue, 15 Jan 2008 14:15:01 -0800
From: "Mark Davis" <mark.davis@icu-project.org>
To: "Addison Phillips" <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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Even better. And since conformance to the spec requires it, MUST NOT is the
right choice. And I would make your note stronger:

A validating processor will reject any such tag, making it inoperable.

On Jan 15, 2008 1:38 PM, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:

> Why not use MUST NOT instead of SHOULD NOT?
>
> MUST NOT does not prevent people from doing the wrong thing nor does it
> prevent well-formed-by-not-validating implementations from being
> written. But it does say, clearly, not to use unregistered junk. SHOULD
> NOT means "don't unless you have a really good reason to". I cannot
> think of a single case where there would be a really good reason to (not
> addressed by private-use codes).
>
> Note: to either proposed text, one might note that a validating
> processor would be within its rights to reject any such tag, making it
> inoperable.
>
> Addison
>
> --
> Addison Phillips
> Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
> Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
>
> Internationalization is an architecture.
> It is not a feature.
>
>
> Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:
> >
> >  From my perspective, Debbie's suggestion would be more clear to your
> > average end user of the RFC.
> >
> > Karen Broome
> >
> >
> > "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote on 01/15/2008
> > 12:37:55 PM:
> >
> >  > John wrote:
> >  >
> >  > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
> >  > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
> >  > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
> >  > > anyone for any
> >  > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
> >  > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
> >  > >    meaning.
> >  >
> >  > I really don't like language that refers the end user to standards
> > that they
> >  > may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do with
> > language
> >  > encoding.
> >  >
> >  > How about:
> >  > ---
> >  >
> >  > Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in
> > terms
> >  > of content.  Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own subtags, other
> > than
> >  > private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as
> > they may
> >  > find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a
> > later date
> >  > with a different meaning.
> >  >
> >  > ---
> >  >
> >  > Best regards
> >  >
> >  > Debbie
> >  >
> >  >
> >  > > -----Original Message-----
> >  > > From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> >  > > Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17
> >  > > To: ltru@ietf.org
> >  > > Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
> >  > > language tags
> >  > >
> >  > > I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the
> >  > > 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I have
> >  > > found myself typing it, or something like it, several times lately:
> >  > >
> >  > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
> >  > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
> >  > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
> >  > > anyone for any
> >  > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
> >  > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
> >  > >    meaning.
> >  > >
> >  > > --
> >  > > John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan<http://www.ccil.org/%7Ecowan>
> >  > > O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
> >  > > Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
> >  > > America! America!  God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy
> >  > > soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
> >  > >         -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools
> >  > >
> >  > >
> >  > > _______________________________________________
> >  > > Ltru mailing list
> >  > > Ltru@ietf.org
> >  > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >  > >
> >  > >
> >  > >
> >  >
> >  >
> >  >
> >  >
> >  >
> >  >
> >  > _______________________________________________
> >  > Ltru mailing list
> >  > Ltru@ietf.org
> >  > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >  >
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>



-- 
Mark

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Even better. And since conformance to the spec requires it, MUST NOT is the right choice. And I would make your note stronger:<br><br>A validating processor will reject any such tag, making it inoperable.<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">
On Jan 15, 2008 1:38 PM, Addison Phillips &lt;<a href="mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com">addison@yahoo-inc.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
Why not use MUST NOT instead of SHOULD NOT?<br><br>MUST NOT does not prevent people from doing the wrong thing nor does it<br>prevent well-formed-by-not-validating implementations from being<br>written. But it does say, clearly, not to use unregistered junk. SHOULD
<br>NOT means &quot;don&#39;t unless you have a really good reason to&quot;. I cannot<br>think of a single case where there would be a really good reason to (not<br>addressed by private-use codes).<br><br>Note: to either proposed text, one might note that a validating
<br>processor would be within its rights to reject any such tag, making it<br>inoperable.<br><br>Addison<br><font color="#888888"><br>--<br>Addison Phillips<br>Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.<br>Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
<br><br>Internationalization is an architecture.<br>It is not a feature.<br></font><div><div></div><div class="Wj3C7c"><br><br><a href="mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</a> wrote:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;From my perspective, Debbie&#39;s suggestion would be more clear to your
<br>&gt; average end user of the RFC.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Karen Broome<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &quot;Debbie Garside&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk">debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk</a>&gt; wrote on 01/15/2008<br>
&gt; 12:37:55 PM:<br>&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; John wrote:<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;but not valid XML. &nbsp;They are much more like unassigned Unicode
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;characters. &nbsp;That is, they should never be used by<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; anyone for any<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning.<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; I really don&#39;t like language that refers the end user to standards<br>&gt; that they<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do with
<br>&gt; language<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; encoding.<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; How about:<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; ---<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in<br>&gt; terms<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; of content. &nbsp;Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own subtags, other
<br>&gt; than<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as<br>&gt; they may<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a<br>&gt; later date<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; with a different meaning.
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; ---<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; Best regards<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; Debbie<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; -----Original Message-----<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; From: John Cowan [mailto:
<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a>]<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; To: <a href="mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org</a><br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; language tags<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I have<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; found myself typing it, or something like it, several times lately:
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;but not valid XML. &nbsp;They are much more like unassigned Unicode<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;characters. &nbsp;That is, they should never be used by
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; anyone for any<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning.
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; --<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; John Cowan &nbsp;<a href="mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</a> &nbsp; <a href="http://www.ccil.org/%7Ecowan" target="_blank">http://www.ccil.org/~cowan</a><br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; O beautiful for patriot&#39;s dream that sees beyond the years
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; America! America! &nbsp;God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -- one of the verses not usually taught in 
U.S. schools<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; _______________________________________________<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; Ltru mailing list<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; <a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a>
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; <a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;
<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; _______________________________________________<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; Ltru mailing list<br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; <a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; 
<a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<br>&gt;<br>&gt;<br></div></div>&gt; ------------------------------------------------------------------------
<br><div><div></div><div class="Wj3C7c">&gt;<br>&gt; _______________________________________________<br>&gt; Ltru mailing list<br>&gt; <a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br>&gt; <a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Ltru mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</a><br><a href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru" target="_blank">
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</a><br></div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>Mark

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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 15 19:22:28 2008
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To: Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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Addison Phillips scripsit:

> Why not use MUST NOT instead of SHOULD NOT?

I had meant this to be just a note, but if it's going to have
RFC 2119 verbs in it, then MUST NOT is certainly correct.

-- 
John Cowan    http://www.ccil.org/~cowan   <cowan@ccil.org>
    "Any legal document draws most of its meaning from context.  A telegram
    that says 'SELL HUNDRED THOUSAND SHARES IBM SHORT' (only 190 bits in
    5-bit Baudot code plus appropriate headers) is as good a legal document
    as any, even sans digital signature." --me


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 16 03:16:10 2008
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On Tue, Jan 15, 2008 at 02:15:01PM -0800,
 Mark Davis <mark.davis@icu-project.org> wrote 
 a message of 203 lines which said:

> A validating processor will reject any such tag, 

It seems a very dangerous idea. Since what is valid for one processor
is invalid for another (because they do not use the same version of
the LSR, remember that a processor is not forced to fetch the LSR each
time it valids) the robustness principle should mean that even
validating processors should think twice before rejecting a tag.

If the entire purpose of the processor is to validate, for instance,
before a publication, yes, I understand the rejection. But in general,
it is dangerous.

Asking people to *not* produce well-formed-but-invalid tags is one
thing. Asking consumers to reject them is another, much more
questionable.


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Debbie Garside wrote:

 [synonyms]
> This is also something that I mentioned
> many moons ago here on LTRU.

Pointer please, I fear I missed this.

 Frank



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Debbie Garside wrote:
=20
> I really don't like language that refers the end user to
> standards that they may be unfamiliar with and that have,
> as such, nothing to do with language encoding.

Strong ACK.  For obvious reasons we use some ISO standards
here.  But we do NOT need TUS details, XML, and what else.=20

 Frank



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	<30b660a20801151415lf48393ew2b637117dbac6e57@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
Date: Wed, 16 Jan 2008 10:00:29 -0000
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So do you agree with the following?
 
Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in terms
of content. Users MUST NOT assign and use their own subtags, other than
private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as they may
find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a later date
with a different meaning.

 

Debbie


  _____  

From: Mark Davis [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org] 
Sent: 15 January 2008 22:15
To: Addison Phillips
Cc: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com; ltru@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags


Even better. And since conformance to the spec requires it, MUST NOT is the
right choice. And I would make your note stronger:

A validating processor will reject any such tag, making it inoperable.


On Jan 15, 2008 1:38 PM, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com> wrote:


Why not use MUST NOT instead of SHOULD NOT?

MUST NOT does not prevent people from doing the wrong thing nor does it
prevent well-formed-by-not-validating implementations from being
written. But it does say, clearly, not to use unregistered junk. SHOULD 
NOT means "don't unless you have a really good reason to". I cannot
think of a single case where there would be a really good reason to (not
addressed by private-use codes).

Note: to either proposed text, one might note that a validating 
processor would be within its rights to reject any such tag, making it
inoperable.

Addison

--
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG 

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.



Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:
>
>  From my perspective, Debbie's suggestion would be more clear to your 
> average end user of the RFC.
>
> Karen Broome
>
>
> "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote on 01/15/2008
> 12:37:55 PM:
>
>  > John wrote:
>  >
>  > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
>  > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode 
>  > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
>  > > anyone for any
>  > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
>  > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned 
>  > >    meaning.
>  >
>  > I really don't like language that refers the end user to standards
> that they
>  > may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do with 
> language
>  > encoding.
>  >
>  > How about:
>  > ---
>  >
>  > Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in
> terms
>  > of content.  Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own subtags, other 
> than
>  > private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as
> they may
>  > find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a
> later date
>  > with a different meaning. 
>  >
>  > ---
>  >
>  > Best regards
>  >
>  > Debbie
>  >
>  >
>  > > -----Original Message-----
>  > > From: John Cowan [mailto: cowan@ccil.org]
>  > > Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17
>  > > To: ltru@ietf.org
>  > > Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid 
>  > > language tags
>  > >
>  > > I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the
>  > > 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I have
>  > > found myself typing it, or something like it, several times lately: 
>  > >
>  > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
>  > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
>  > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by 
>  > > anyone for any
>  > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
>  > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
>  > >    meaning. 
>  > >
>  > > --
>  > > John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
<http://www.ccil.org/%7Ecowan> 
>  > > O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years 
>  > > Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
>  > > America! America!  God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy
>  > > soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
>  > >         -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools
>  > >
>  > >
>  > > _______________________________________________
>  > > Ltru mailing list
>  > > Ltru@ietf.org 
>  > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>  > >
>  > >
>  > >
>  >
>  > 
>  >
>  >
>  >
>  >
>  > _______________________________________________
>  > Ltru mailing list
>  > Ltru@ietf.org
>  > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>  >
>
>

> ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


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-- 
Mark 


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<BODY>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D788195909-16012008><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>So do you agree with the following?</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D788195909-16012008><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D788195909-16012008>
<P><FONT size=3D2>Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax =
but not=20
valid in terms of content. Users&nbsp;<SPAN =
class=3D788195909-16012008>MUST=20
</SPAN>NOT assign and use their own subtags, other than private use =
codes as=20
designated within the underlying standards, as they may find an as yet=20
unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a later date with a =
different=20
meaning.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</P>
<P><SPAN class=3D788195909-16012008><FONT=20
size=3D2>Debbie</FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></DIV><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px =
solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader lang=3Den-us dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft>
  <HR tabIndex=3D-1>
  <FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2><B>From:</B> Mark Davis=20
  [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org] <BR><B>Sent:</B> 15 January 2008=20
  22:15<BR><B>To:</B> Addison Phillips<BR><B>Cc:</B> =
Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com;=20
  ltru@ietf.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Ltru] Proposed note on =
well-formed but=20
  not valid language tags<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
  <DIV></DIV>Even better. And since conformance to the spec requires it, =
MUST=20
  NOT is the right choice. And I would make your note stronger:<BR><BR>A =

  validating processor will reject any such tag, making it =
inoperable.<BR><BR>
  <DIV class=3Dgmail_quote>On Jan 15, 2008 1:38 PM, Addison Phillips =
&lt;<A=20
  href=3D"mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com">addison@yahoo-inc.com</A>&gt; =
wrote:<BR>
  <BLOCKQUOTE class=3Dgmail_quote=20
  style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: =
rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">Why=20
    not use MUST NOT instead of SHOULD NOT?<BR><BR>MUST NOT does not =
prevent=20
    people from doing the wrong thing nor does it<BR>prevent=20
    well-formed-by-not-validating implementations from being<BR>written. =
But it=20
    does say, clearly, not to use unregistered junk. SHOULD <BR>NOT =
means "don't=20
    unless you have a really good reason to". I cannot<BR>think of a =
single case=20
    where there would be a really good reason to (not<BR>addressed by=20
    private-use codes).<BR><BR>Note: to either proposed text, one might =
note=20
    that a validating <BR>processor would be within its rights to reject =
any=20
    such tag, making it<BR>inoperable.<BR><BR>Addison<BR><FONT=20
    color=3D#888888><BR>--<BR>Addison Phillips<BR>Globalization =
Architect --=20
    Yahoo! Inc.<BR>Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG=20
    <BR><BR>Internationalization is an architecture.<BR>It is not a=20
    feature.<BR></FONT>
    <DIV>
    <DIV></DIV>
    <DIV class=3DWj3C7c><BR><BR><A=20
    =
href=3D"mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com">Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com</A>=20
    wrote:<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;From my perspective, Debbie's =
suggestion would=20
    be more clear to your <BR>&gt; average end user of the =
RFC.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
    Karen Broome<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; "Debbie Garside" &lt;<A=20
    =
href=3D"mailto:debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk">debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk</A>&g=
t;=20
    wrote on 01/15/2008<BR>&gt; 12:37:55 PM:<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
John=20
    wrote:<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; =
&nbsp;Well-formed=20
    but not valid language tags are not like well-formed<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt; &gt;=20
    &nbsp; &nbsp;but not valid XML. &nbsp;They are much more like =
unassigned=20
    Unicode <BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;characters. &nbsp;That =
is,=20
    they should never be used by<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; anyone for =
any<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;purpose, because at any time they may =
be=20
    assigned an official<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning =
that will=20
    probably conflict with any user-assigned <BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; =
&nbsp;=20
    &nbsp;meaning.<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; I really don't =
like=20
    language that refers the end user to standards<BR>&gt; that =
they<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to =
do with=20
    <BR>&gt; language<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; encoding.<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; How about:<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; ---<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but =
not valid=20
    in<BR>&gt; terms<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; of content. &nbsp;Users SHOULD =
NOT=20
    assign and use their own subtags, other <BR>&gt; than<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt;=20
    private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, =
as<BR>&gt;=20
    they may<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; find an as yet unassigned subtag may be=20
    officially assigned at a<BR>&gt; later date<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; with =
a=20
    different meaning. <BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
---<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; Best regards<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; Debbie<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt;=20
    &gt; -----Original Message-----<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; From: John =
Cowan=20
    [mailto: <A =
href=3D"mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</A>]<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; &gt; Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; =
To: <A=20
    href=3D"mailto:ltru@ietf.org">ltru@ietf.org</A><BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
&gt;=20
    Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid <BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; &gt; language tags<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt;=20
    &gt; I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; &gt; 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, =
because I=20
    have<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; found myself typing it, or something =
like it,=20
    several times lately: <BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
&gt;=20
    &nbsp; &nbsp;Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like=20
    well-formed<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;but not valid XML.=20
    &nbsp;They are much more like unassigned Unicode<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
&gt;=20
    &nbsp; &nbsp;characters. &nbsp;That is, they should never be used by =

    <BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; anyone for any<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; =
&nbsp;=20
    &nbsp;purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an =
official<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning that will probably conflict =
with any=20
    user-assigned<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;meaning. <BR>&gt; =

    &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; --<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; =
John=20
    Cowan &nbsp;<A href=3D"mailto:cowan@ccil.org">cowan@ccil.org</A> =
&nbsp; <A=20
    href=3D"http://www.ccil.org/%7Ecowan"=20
    target=3D_blank>http://www.ccil.org/~cowan</A><BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
&gt; O=20
    beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years <BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt;=20
    &gt; Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; &gt; America! America! &nbsp;God mend thine every flaw, =
Confirm=20
    thy<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; soul in self-control, thy liberty in=20
    law!<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -- one of =
the=20
    verses not usually taught in U.S. schools<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;=20
    _______________________________________________<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
&gt; Ltru=20
    mailing list<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt; <A=20
    href=3D"mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</A> <BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
&gt; <A=20
    href=3D"https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru"=20
    =
target=3D_blank>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</A><BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; &gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; <BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; =
&nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt;=20
    _______________________________________________<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
Ltru=20
    mailing list<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; <A=20
    href=3D"mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</A><BR>&gt; &nbsp;&gt; =
<A=20
    href=3D"https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru"=20
    =
target=3D_blank>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</A><BR>&gt;=20
    &nbsp;&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR></DIV></DIV>&gt;=20
    =
------------------------------------------------------------------------ =

<BR>
    <DIV>
    <DIV></DIV>
    <DIV class=3DWj3C7c>&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
    _______________________________________________<BR>&gt; Ltru mailing =

    list<BR>&gt; <A =
href=3D"mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</A><BR>&gt; <A=20
    href=3D"https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru"=20
    =
target=3D_blank>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</A><BR><BR><B=
R>_______________________________________________<BR>Ltru=20
    mailing list<BR><A =
href=3D"mailto:Ltru@ietf.org">Ltru@ietf.org</A><BR><A=20
    href=3D"https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru"=20
    =
target=3D_blank>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru</A><BR></DIV>=
</DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><BR=20
  clear=3Dall><BR>-- <BR>Mark </BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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Debbie Garside <debbie at ictmarketing dot co dot uk> wrote:

> I really don't like language that refers the end user to standards 
> that they may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do 
> with language encoding.

I agree with this sentiment, and agree with Debbie's proposed rewording, 
except that it should use "MUST NOT" if it is meant to contain RFC 2119 
verbs and "must not" otherwise.

I would also hyphenate "as-yet", but that is just me.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 16 10:01:58 2008
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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Stéphane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer at nic dot fr> wrote:

>> A validating processor will reject any such tag,
>
> It seems a very dangerous idea. Since what is valid for one processor 
> is invalid for another (because they do not use the same version of 
> the LSR, remember that a processor is not forced to fetch the LSR each 
> time it valids) the robustness principle should mean that even 
> validating processors should think twice before rejecting a tag.

In 4646, a validating processor (as opposed to a well-formed processor) 
is supposed to do exactly this kind of checking.  It is also supposed to 
do things like replacing deprecated subtags with their Preferred-Value 
(if any) and checking prefixes.  A validating processor is required to 
identify the date of the Registry used for its validity checking, which 
can then be checked to ensure it is the latest version.

Draft-4646bis has replaced the concept of validating and well-formed 
*processors* with definitions for valid and well-formed *tags*, but the 
principle is still the same.  A validating processor is one that checks 
a tag to see if it is valid.

> If the entire purpose of the processor is to validate, for instance, 
> before a publication, yes, I understand the rejection. But in general, 
> it is dangerous.

That's what validation is.  Not all processors have to be validating 
(going by the "old" 4646 definition); as you say, there are some 
circumstances where this is not desired.

BTW, while checking Section 2.2.9, I found the following nits:

> A tag is considered "valid" if it well-formed and it also satisfies 
> these conditions:

"... if it is well-formed..."

" o  The tag is either a grandfathered tag, or all of its language, 
extended language, script, region, and variant subtags appear in the 
IANA language subtag registry as of the particular registry date."

I think the reference to extended language subtags should be removed, 
since none can appear in the LSR by definition.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 16 10:09:10 2008
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
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Subject: [Ltru] Update on draft-4645bis
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ISO 639-3 has announced the results of their latest round of change 
requests, on time.  There were a whopping 258 change requests during the 
past 6 months, which might indicate that the expected level of churn 
within 639-3, while not continuing at this pace, will still be quite a 
bit higher than what ietf-languages is accustomed to.

The remaining 10 changes are only promised to be announced "in the 
coming weeks," so draft-4645bis-04 will probably not be submitted to the 
RFC Editor until that point.  However, I'll post a revision soon that 
captures the other 248 changes.

Can I ask list members to review the text portion of draft-4645bis at 
least?  That part is unlikely to change as the result of future changes 
to ISO standards.  We need to agree (knowledgeably) on the procedure for 
filling the Registry before presenting it for WG Last Call and IETF Last 
Call.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis-03.txt

I'll make special text-only and data-only copies available, for those 
who have requested them.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 16 11:27:04 2008
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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I agree with the sentiment but think some editing is in order. Notably, 
the private use codes you mention are in the registry, while what I had 
in mind were -x- type private use sequences. Also: I think we have 
similar text elsewhere in the document and would like to look at the 
whole and see what makes the most sense.

Addison

Debbie Garside wrote:
> So do you agree with the following?
>  
> 
> Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in 
> terms of content. Users MUST NOT assign and use their own subtags, other 
> than private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as 
> they may find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at 
> a later date with a different meaning.
> 
>  
> 
> Debbie
> 
> 
>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>     *From:* Mark Davis [mailto:mark.davis@icu-project.org]
>     *Sent:* 15 January 2008 22:15
>     *To:* Addison Phillips
>     *Cc:* Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com; ltru@ietf.org
>     *Subject:* Re: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
>     language tags
> 
>     Even better. And since conformance to the spec requires it, MUST NOT
>     is the right choice. And I would make your note stronger:
> 
>     A validating processor will reject any such tag, making it inoperable.
> 
>     On Jan 15, 2008 1:38 PM, Addison Phillips <addison@yahoo-inc.com
>     <mailto:addison@yahoo-inc.com>> wrote:
> 
>         Why not use MUST NOT instead of SHOULD NOT?
> 
>         MUST NOT does not prevent people from doing the wrong thing nor
>         does it
>         prevent well-formed-by-not-validating implementations from being
>         written. But it does say, clearly, not to use unregistered junk.
>         SHOULD
>         NOT means "don't unless you have a really good reason to". I cannot
>         think of a single case where there would be a really good reason
>         to (not
>         addressed by private-use codes).
> 
>         Note: to either proposed text, one might note that a validating
>         processor would be within its rights to reject any such tag,
>         making it
>         inoperable.
> 
>         Addison
> 
>         --
>         Addison Phillips
>         Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
>         Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG
> 
>         Internationalization is an architecture.
>         It is not a feature.
> 
> 
>         Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com <mailto:Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com> wrote:
>          >
>          >  From my perspective, Debbie's suggestion would be more clear
>         to your
>          > average end user of the RFC.
>          >
>          > Karen Broome
>          >
>          >
>          > "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk
>         <mailto:debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk>> wrote on 01/15/2008
>          > 12:37:55 PM:
>          >
>          >  > John wrote:
>          >  >
>          >  > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like
>         well-formed
>          >  > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like
>         unassigned Unicode
>          >  > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
>          >  > > anyone for any
>          >  > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an
>         official
>          >  > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any
>         user-assigned
>          >  > >    meaning.
>          >  >
>          >  > I really don't like language that refers the end user to
>         standards
>          > that they
>          >  > may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to
>         do with
>          > language
>          >  > encoding.
>          >  >
>          >  > How about:
>          >  > ---
>          >  >
>          >  > Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but
>         not valid in
>          > terms
>          >  > of content.  Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own
>         subtags, other
>          > than
>          >  > private use codes as designated within the underlying
>         standards, as
>          > they may
>          >  > find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially
>         assigned at a
>          > later date
>          >  > with a different meaning.
>          >  >
>          >  > ---
>          >  >
>          >  > Best regards
>          >  >
>          >  > Debbie
>          >  >
>          >  >
>          >  > > -----Original Message-----
>          >  > > From: John Cowan [mailto: cowan@ccil.org
>         <mailto:cowan@ccil.org>]
>          >  > > Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17
>          >  > > To: ltru@ietf.org <mailto:ltru@ietf.org>
>          >  > > Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
>          >  > > language tags
>          >  > >
>          >  > > I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the
>          >  > > 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I
>         have
>          >  > > found myself typing it, or something like it, several
>         times lately:
>          >  > >
>          >  > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like
>         well-formed
>          >  > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like
>         unassigned Unicode
>          >  > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
>          >  > > anyone for any
>          >  > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an
>         official
>          >  > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any
>         user-assigned
>          >  > >    meaning.
>          >  > >
>          >  > > --
>          >  > > John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org <mailto:cowan@ccil.org>  
>         http://www.ccil.org/~cowan <http://www.ccil.org/%7Ecowan>
>          >  > > O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
>          >  > > Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
>          >  > > America! America!  God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy
>          >  > > soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
>          >  > >         -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S.
>         schools
>          >  > >
>          >  > >
>          >  > > _______________________________________________
>          >  > > Ltru mailing list
>          >  > > Ltru@ietf.org <mailto:Ltru@ietf.org>
>          >  > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>          >  > >
>          >  > >
>          >  > >
>          >  >
>          >  >
>          >  >
>          >  >
>          >  >
>          >  >
>          >  > _______________________________________________
>          >  > Ltru mailing list
>          >  > Ltru@ietf.org <mailto:Ltru@ietf.org>
>          >  > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>          >  >
>          >
>          >
>          >
>         ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
>          >
>          > _______________________________________________
>          > Ltru mailing list
>          > Ltru@ietf.org <mailto:Ltru@ietf.org>
>          > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
>         _______________________________________________
>         Ltru mailing list
>         Ltru@ietf.org <mailto:Ltru@ietf.org>
>         https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> 
> 
> 
> 
>     -- 
>     Mark 


-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 16 12:23:37 2008
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Date: Wed, 16 Jan 2008 12:23:33 -0500
To: Peter Constable <petercon@microsoft.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Update on draft-4645bis
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Peter Constable scripsit:

> For our purposes (thinking in terms of on-going operational procedures,
> so speaking here for sake of discussion as though 4646bis were already
> approved), we can certainly deprecate ccx and ccy, but I would think
> we would not want to remove the Macrolanguage field from those entries.

I think the general principle is that we don't remove anything, because
of backward compatibility.  The exception would be an old name that is
a trivial variant of the new name (typo, or added hyphen, or some such)
or is offensive.  We already provide for the former case, but we may
need new language for the latter.  (Addison?)

> Or do we care?

Nobody knows if we care or not, because nobody knows what uptake the
Macrolanguage: header will have, if any.

I wish that SIL had made Northern and Southern Zhang into nested
macrolanguages instead of just deprecating them, since they are pretty
well recognized terms.

-- 
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those who can count,                            cowan@ccil.org
and those who can't.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 16 12:24:47 2008
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Peter Constable wrote:
>> From: Doug Ewell
>> Sent: Wednesday, January 16, 2008 7:09 AM
> 
>> ISO 639-3 has announced the results of their latest round of change
>> requests...
> 
> There is one change that I'm questioning: removal of a macrolanguage mapping.
> 
> The entry zha "Zhuang" is a macrolanguage; it formerly had two encompassed languages, ccx "Northern Zhuang" and ccy "Southern Zhuang". This was the state at initial publication of ISO 639-3. Now, researchers have determined (not at all surprisingly) that the Zhuang family is really made up of more than two individual languages. Thus, one of this round of changes has been to split Northern Zhuang into ten languages -- i.e., to deprecate ccx recommending the use of ten new IDs instead. These ten new entries are given macrolanguage mappings to zha. All of that is fine. However, in deprecating ccx, the ISO 639-3/RA has also removed its macrolanguage mapping to zha.
> 
> I hadn't realized (or don't recall noticing) that a similar change was made during 2006 wrt Southern Zhuang, with its macrolanguage mapping to zha also removed.
> 
> For our purposes (thinking in terms of on-going operational procedures, so speaking here for sake of discussion as though 4646bis were already approved), we can certainly deprecate ccx and ccy, but I would think we would not want to remove the Macrolanguage field from those entries.
> 
> Or do we care?
> 
> 

One thing this suggests: perhaps we should provide a mechanism for doing 
smaller "bulk" updates from ISO 639-3 (etc.) in which more than a single 
record can be updated/inserted.

Addison


-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 16 15:35:20 2008
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Peter Constable wrote:

> Or do we care?

Yes.  I think it's the idea of the Macrolanguage field that=20
the registry can reflect the state of the art in 639-3, and
isn't forced to preserve an old state in the form of extlang.

 Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Thu Jan 17 16:56:00 2008
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All,

(This note is being sent on behalf of the W3C Internationalization Core 
Working Group, which I happen to chair. Note that this also means that 
it is as a technical contributor and not as editor of 4646bis)

During our most recent teleconference [1], the I18N Core WG discussed 
the changes proposed for the ABNF by LTRU (to remove the extlang 
production).

I was tasked with reporting some concerns about how to address this with 
Spec writers at W3C and elsewhere. The concern is that the I18N Core WG 
has been recommending that references to RFC 3066 be changed to 
reference BCP 47 (rather than a specific RFC number). In one particular 
case (XML Schema 1.1) we requested that their language production be 
derived from the ABNF in BCP 47, that is, from the ABNF in RFC 4646.

The problem is that productions included into XML DTDs are then relied 
upon by implementations and difficult to change. There is naturally some 
resistance to changing the production in XML Schema and some concern 
that the grammar isn't fully stabilized. There is thus concern about the 
future stability of the ABNF. The I18N Core WG would therefore like to know:

- if LTRU can make a stability statement about the ABNF in 4646bis (e.g. 
what may change in the future and what is unlikely to change)
- if LTRU could include text about compatibility between 4646 ABNF and 
4646bis ABNF in 4646bis
- if LTRU would recommend a particular reference to an RFC or continue 
to recommend the BCP reference for this purpose

Best Regards,

Addison

[1] http://www.w3.org/2008/01/16-core-minutes#item06
-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
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From: "Randy Presuhn" <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Fw: Internet-Drafts Submission Cutoff Dates for the 71st
	IETF Meeting in Philadelphia, PA, USA 
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Hi -

For your information....

Randy

> From: <ietf-secretariat@ietf.org>
> To: <ietf-announce@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, January 17, 2008 9:00 PM
> Subject: Internet-Drafts Submission Cutoff Dates for the 71st IETF Meeting in Philadelphia, PA, USA 
>
> 
> There are two (2) Internet-Draft cutoff dates for the 71st 
> IETF Meeting in Philadelphia, PA, USA:
> 
> February 18th: Cutoff Date for Initial (i.e., version -00) 
> Internet-Draft Submissions 
> 
> All initial Internet-Drafts (version -00) must be submitted by Monday, 
> February 18th at 9:00 AM ET (14:00 UTC/GMT).The only exception is for
> version -00 WG drafts that replace existing non-WG drafts.  Such drafts
> may be submitted until the cutoff date for version -01 and higher
> drafts.
> As always, all initial submissions with a filename beginning with 
> "draft-ietf" must be approved by the appropriate WG Chair before they 
> can be processed or announced.  The Secretariat would appreciate 
> receiving WG Chair approval by Monday, February 11th at 9:00 AM ET (14:00 UTC/GMT).
> 
> February  (14:00 UTC/GMT): Cutoff Date for Revised (i.e., version -01 and higher) 
> Internet-Draft Submissions 
> 
> All revised Internet-Drafts (version -01 and higher) must be submitted 
> by Monday, February 25th at 9:00 AM ET (14:00 UTC/GMT).
> 
> Initial and revised Internet-Drafts received after their respective 
> cutoff dates will not be made available in the Internet-Drafts 
> directory or announced until on or after Monday, March 10th at 9:00 
> AM ET (13:00 UTC/GMT), when Internet-Draft posting resumes.  Please do not wait until 
> the last minute to submit.
> 
> The Secretariat encourages you to submit your Internet-Drafts via the 
> Internet-Draft Submission Tool (IDST) https://datatracker.ietf.org/idst/upload.cgi. 
> If you are unable to do so, then you may still submit your Internet-
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> are submitting a version -00 WG draft that replaces non-WG draft, then 
> you must submit it manually as the current IDST cannot handle 
> replacements.  Please be sure to state that one draft replaces another 
> in the cover note that accompanies your submission.  Also, please note 
> that the IDST will not accept drafts submitted after their respective 
> cutoff dates.
> 
> Thank you for your understanding and cooperation. If you have any 
> questions or concerns, then please send a message to 
> internet-drafts@ietf.org.
> 
> The IETF Secretariat
> 
> FYI: The Internet-Draft cutoff dates as well as other significant dates
> for the 71st IETF Meeting can be found at http://www.ietf.org/meetings/71-cutoff_dates.html.
> 
> _______________________________________________
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: ABNF guidance
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Addison Phillips wrote:

> I was tasked with reporting some concerns

Note it as *done*.

> In one particular case (XML Schema 1.1) we requested that their
> language production be derived from the ABNF in BCP 47, that is,
> from the ABNF in RFC 4646.

Is that about <http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/#language> ?

That says [a-zA-Z]{1,8}(-[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,8})* based on RFC 3066,
perfectly compatible with 4646 or 4646bis.

For <http://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=3D2439> I'm not
sure what it means, but it's no "help, the IETF screwed up".

And in <http://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=3D3079> the
second comment did not yet hardwire any soon obsolete 4646 ABNF.=20

> There is naturally some resistance to changing the production
> in XML Schema and some concern that the grammar isn't fully
> stabilized. There is thus concern about the future stability
> of the ABNF.

"Stablity" can mean lots of things.  A future extension could
introduce a limit "6" for its own hyphen-separated "items".  It
can't introduce "9" without breaking the old RFC 3066 limits,
of course RFC 4646 and likely I-D.4646bis also don't allow "9".

> - if LTRU can make a stability statement about the ABNF in
>   4646bis (e.g. what may change in the future and what is
>   unlikely to change)
  =20
I certainly expect 4646bis to be backwards compatible with 4646
and 3066.  I'd have some reservations about 4646bis stability
statements.  The proposed "fantasy island" codes are not funny,
at the moment it's not clear that 4646bis survives a Last Call.

> - if LTRU could include text about compatibility between 4646
>   ABNF and 4646bis ABNF in 4646bis

LTRU could, but it's completely beside the point, the *reserved*
<extlang> contruct was removed.  4646 parsers accepting it will
continue to work for 4646bis tags, that was precisely the point
of the reservation.  The opposite case, 4646bis introduces a new
<extlang> contruct breaking 4646 parsers, would be bad, and 4646
saw to it that it won't happen.  If that doesn't talk for itself
then more text about this historical curiosity also won't help.=20

> - if LTRU would recommend a particular reference to an RFC or
>   continue to recommend the BCP reference for this purpose

That's up to the specification using it, e.g. an implementation
expecting US-ASCII with hex. NCRs in the "BCP 47 registry" will
fail miserably when 4646bis introduces UTF-8 without NCRs.  So
in that case referencing RFC 4646 would have been clearer, even
if it doesn't help to fix the implementation. =20

OTOH HTTPbis can pick whatever it likes, BCP 47 or RFC 4646, it
does not depend on the version, it has to fix the RFC 2616 ABNF
for language tags.

 Frank



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From: LB <lbleriot@gmail.com>
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Subject: Fwd: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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I do not know why this mail did not make it to the list. Sorry.
LB

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: LB <lbleriot@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 17 Jan 2008 18:45:19 +0100
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
To: "Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com" <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>

2008/1/15, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com <Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com>:
>
>
> From my perspective, Debbie's suggestion would be more clear to your
> average end user of the RFC.


Respectfully, there is no "RFC end user", only "RFC users".
I cannot make my mind about this important wording. I need Randy to answer
first the question he made me to prompt. If RFC 4646 is not only for the
IANA LSR the wording should take it into account. Methink straight ISO 639-3
(and ISO 639-6) code elements would be simpler for those Karen refers to.

--
LB


Karen Broome
>
>
> "Debbie Garside" <debbie@ictmarketing.co.uk> wrote on 01/15/2008 12:37:55
> PM:
>
> > John wrote:
> >
> > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
> > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
> > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
> > > anyone for any
> > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
> > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
> > >    meaning.
> >
> > I really don't like language that refers the end user to standards that
> they
> > may be unfamiliar with and that have, as such, nothing to do with
> language
> > encoding.
> >
> > How about:
> > ---
> >
> > Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in
> terms
> > of content.  Users SHOULD NOT assign and use their own subtags, other
> than
> > private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as they
> may
> > find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at a later
> date
> > with a different meaning.
> >
> > ---
> >
> > Best regards
> >
> > Debbie
> >
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: John Cowan [mailto:cowan@ccil.org]
> > > Sent: 15 January 2008 18:17
> > > To: ltru@ietf.org
> > > Subject: [Ltru] Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
> > > language tags
> > >
> > > I propose this language for inclusion as a note in the
> > > 4646bis section on well-formed and valid tags, because I have
> > > found myself typing it, or something like it, several times lately:
> > >
> > >    Well-formed but not valid language tags are not like well-formed
> > >    but not valid XML.  They are much more like unassigned Unicode
> > >    characters.  That is, they should never be used by
> > > anyone for any
> > >    purpose, because at any time they may be assigned an official
> > >    meaning that will probably conflict with any user-assigned
> > >    meaning.
> > >
> > > --
> > > John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org   http://www.ccil.org/~cowan<http://www.ccil.org/%7Ecowan>
> > > O beautiful for patriot's dream that sees beyond the years
> > > Thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears!
> > > America! America!  God mend thine every flaw, Confirm thy
> > > soul in self-control, thy liberty in law!
> > >         -- one of the verses not usually taught in U.S. schools
> > >
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > Ltru mailing list
> > > Ltru@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Ltru mailing list
> > Ltru@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
> >
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ltru mailing list
> Ltru@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru
>
>


-- 
LB



-- 
LB


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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Proposed note on well-formed but not valid language tags
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Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> replied to Debbie 
Garside:

>> Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in
>> terms of content. Users MUST NOT assign and use their own subtags, 
>> other
>> than private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, 
>> as
>> they may find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned 
>> at
>> a later date with a different meaning.
>
> I agree with the sentiment but think some editing is in order. 
> Notably,
> the private use codes you mention are in the registry, while what I 
> had
> in mind were -x- type private use sequences. Also: I think we have
> similar text elsewhere in the document and would like to look at the
> whole and see what makes the most sense.

I don't see why the private-use subtags in the Registry wouldn't be at 
least as appropriate as the x-type sequences for this and other uses. 
They do have the advantage that you can parse them and figure out 
syntactically what kind of entity they represent:

qaa  -- definitely some language
nl-Qaaa  -- definitely Dutch written in some script
nl-AA  -- definitely Dutch as used in some region
nl-x-ongeacht  -- can't tell what kind of entity "ongeacht" is

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Jan 19 13:09:56 2008
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> I'd have some reservations about 4646bis stability statements.  The 
> proposed "fantasy island" codes are not funny, at the moment it's not 
> clear that 4646bis survives a Last Call.

As much as I dislike adding the exceptionally reserved ISO 3166 code 
elements --especially since the reason was to facilitate 'EU' for 
locale-type usage rather than language tagging -- this decision has 
nothing to do with stability of the ABNF or anything else.  The only 
impact they could have on stability would be if they were deleted at 
some later date, instead of deprecated.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Jan 19 13:19:16 2008
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
To: "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Update on draft-4645bis
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John Cowan <cowan at ccil dot org> wrote:

> I wish that SIL had made Northern and Southern Zhang into nested 
> macrolanguages instead of just deprecating them, since they are pretty 
> well recognized terms.

Is there any indication that ISO 639-3 (the standard or the RA) 
recognizes the concept of nested macrolanguages?  I haven't seen any.  I 
know the rejected extlang mechanism would have allowed for up to three 
levels, just in case they did exist.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Jan 19 13:39:27 2008
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To: Doug Ewell <dewell@roadrunner.com>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Update on draft-4645bis
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Is there any indication that ISO 639-3 (the standard or the RA) 
> recognizes the concept of nested macrolanguages?  I haven't seen any.  

No, but nor is there any indication that they accept or even understand
the concept, either.

-- 
When I'm stuck in something boring              John Cowan
where reading would be impossible or            (who loves Asimov too)
rude, I often set up math problems for          cowan@ccil.org
myself and solve them as a way to pass          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
the time.      --John Jenkins


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Jan 19 22:44:53 2008
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Doug Ewell wrote:
> Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> replied to Debbie 
> Garside:
> 
>>> Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in
>>> terms of content. Users MUST NOT assign and use their own subtags, other
>>> than private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as
>>> they may find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at
>>> a later date with a different meaning.
>>
>> I agree with the sentiment but think some editing is in order. Notably,
>> the private use codes you mention are in the registry, while what I had
>> in mind were -x- type private use sequences. Also: I think we have
>> similar text elsewhere in the document and would like to look at the
>> whole and see what makes the most sense.
> 
> I don't see why the private-use subtags in the Registry wouldn't be at 
> least as appropriate as the x-type sequences for this and other uses. 

I didn't say that they weren't. What I said was: those private use codes 
are in the registry, while Debbie's suggested text suggests otherwise 
(and makes no mention of -x private use sequences). Both are valid ways 
of "assigning and using" one's own subtags. Both need to be recommended 
in their proper place.

> They do have the advantage that you can parse them and figure out 
> syntactically what kind of entity they represent:
> 

Agreed. I think Mark and I (and you) were making that argument a year or 
two ago :-).

Addison

-- 
Addison Phillips
Globalization Architect -- Yahoo! Inc.
Chair -- W3C Internationalization Core WG

Internationalization is an architecture.
It is not a feature.


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sun Jan 20 01:13:32 2008
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To: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>, "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Proposed note on well-formed but not valid
	language tags
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I think Addison's comment was purely editorial: Because things such as
qaa are in the registry, they are not "their own subtags". They are
private use semantically, but they are not just made up because they
are in the registry, and this new text is warning about 'just made
up' stuff.

Semantically, of course you know that qaa is a language and so on,
but with x-, there are many more subtags available for distinction,
and it may be possible to use words that at least to the tagger
actually mean something, which makes handling quite a bit easier.

Regards,   Martin.

At 03:01 08/01/20, Doug Ewell wrote:
>Addison Phillips <addison at yahoo dash inc dot com> replied to Debbie Garside:
>
>>> Language tags may be well formed in terms of syntax but not valid in
>>> terms of content. Users MUST NOT assign and use their own subtags, other
>>> than private use codes as designated within the underlying standards, as
>>> they may find an as yet unassigned subtag may be officially assigned at
>>> a later date with a different meaning.
>>
>> I agree with the sentiment but think some editing is in order. Notably,
>> the private use codes you mention are in the registry, while what I had
>> in mind were -x- type private use sequences. Also: I think we have
>> similar text elsewhere in the document and would like to look at the
>> whole and see what makes the most sense.
>
>I don't see why the private-use subtags in the Registry wouldn't be at least as appropriate as the x-type sequences for this and other uses. They do have the advantage that you can parse them and figure out syntactically what kind of entity they represent:
>
>qaa  -- definitely some language
>nl-Qaaa  -- definitely Dutch written in some script
>nl-AA  -- definitely Dutch as used in some region
>nl-x-ongeacht  -- can't tell what kind of entity "ongeacht" is
>
>--
>Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
>http://www.ewellic.org
>http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  $B".(B
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     



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To: LTRU Working Group <ltru@ietf.org>
Date: Sun, 20 Jan 2008 00:27:51 -0800
Subject: RE: [Ltru] Update on draft-4645bis
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> From: John Cowan

> Doug Ewell scripsit:
>
> > Is there any indication that ISO 639-3 (the standard or the RA)
> > recognizes the concept of nested macrolanguages?  I haven't seen any.
>
> No, but nor is there any indication that they accept or even understand
> the concept, either.

At the moment, "Guibei Zhuang" (zgb) et al have macrolanguage mappings to "=
Zhuang" (zha). Suppose these were given macrolanguage mappings to "Northern=
" (ccx) or "Southern Zhuang" (ccy): since ccx and ccy are now deprecated, t=
he relationship that is probably of most interest is that between zgb and z=
ha. So, to capture that, one of two things would have to be done:

- allow an entry like zgb to have multiple macrolanguage mappings, mapping =
to both ccx and zha; or

- define some kind of transitive relationship -- for sake of discussion, ca=
ll it _derived macrolanguage mapping_ =3D=3D such that if MacrolanguageOf(z=
gb) =3D ccx and MacrolanguageOf (ccx) =3D zha than DerivedMacrolanguageOf(z=
gb) =3D zha.

Since macrolanguage is a normatively-defined relationship in 639-3, then de=
rived macrolanguage should also be defined normatively in 639-3. We could a=
mend the standard for something like this, though it's not clear to me if i=
t would be worth it. Note a couple of things:

- if we can have multiple levels of macrolanguage embedding, then it's not =
clear to me how the derived macrolanguage mapping should work. E.g., suppor=
t a three level embedding involving languages W, X, Y and Z with Macrolangu=
ageOf(W) =3D X, MacrolanguageOf(X) =3D Y and MacrolanguageOf(Y) =3D Z, then=
 what?

DerivedMacrolanguageOf(W) =3D Z?
DerivedMacrolanguageOf(W) =3D {X, Y, Z}?

And if the latter, just how much formal, mathematical machinery do we reall=
y want to use in building up ISO 639?

- What's the practical application for these additional relationships? If c=
cx is deprecated, do we expect people to create new uses that will also mak=
e use of a zgb-ccx macrolanguage relationship?


It seems like hierarchical macrlanguage mappings would entail a bunch of ne=
w work when there's no indication of any application for using it. The main=
 point of the macrolanguage was to provide a way to deal with exceptional 6=
39-2 cases like zha. By saying that zha is a macrolanguage that encompasses=
 (now) zgb et al, then the zha is handled equally well as when we said (bef=
ore) that zha encompasses ccx and ccy. We did not previously have a dichoto=
mous quandary as to how to handle ccx and ccy: they were deemed individual =
languages.

I suppose now we might say that a dichotomy for ccx has been introduced in =
that it has been used as an individual language but now we consider its den=
otation range to be multiple individual languages -- which was the issue fo=
r entries like zha. I guess the alternative path getting adopted is to say =
that ccx is "retired" rather than say its scope has changed from individual=
 language to macrolanguage.

I kind of wished that 639-2 had from the outset defined zha as "Zhuang lang=
uages", or that in the course of adopting 639-3 we had changed it to that (=
and never defined macrolanguage mappings). With recent research determining=
 that Zhuang is better analyzed as sixteen different languages rather than =
two, it seems like considering zha to be a collection makes more sense. But=
, the macrolanguage mappings to zha got defined, hence making it a macrolan=
guage, and it seems to me that just getting rid of those macrolanguage mapp=
ings could potentially be a problem for some existing implementations. No m=
atter how we handle these kinds of things, we're taxonomists of human behav=
iour, which is not inherently amenable to taxonomies of sharp-boundary cate=
gories, so can never be said to be "perfect". So, I'm content to say that w=
hat's being done is "good enough".


Peter


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Subject: [Ltru] Update of milestones
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The milestones for our WG have been updated as follows:
(see http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html)
 
Mar 2008                Submit registry procedure update draft for IETF Last Call 
Mar 2008                Submit registry data update draft for IETF Last Call

I very much hope that we can move forward our work swiftly to meet these
milestones.

Regards,   Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     



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On Tue, Jan 22, 2008 at 02:58:10PM +0900,
 Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote 
 a message of 21 lines which said:

> Mar 2008                Submit registry procedure update draft for IETF Last Call 

It means the WGLC must take place in the next days, no?


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Subject: [Ltru] Re: Upcoming changes to BCP47 (language tag) syntax
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Addison wrote:
> 
> - Use 'cmn' when you need to indicate "Mandarin Chinese" as distinct 
> from Chinese in general. This case is rare and should be avoided 
> whenever possible. A better way to write that would be: "Do NOT use 
> 'cmn' unless you have a Very Good Reason."

I'm a little worried by this text. These tags are intended to identify 
audio and text content. It is common for those classifying audiovisual 
content to maintain separate lists of "dubbing" (or audio language) and 
"subtitle" or (text languages). This strategy is built into many of the 
standards we use today.

I need to distinguish dubbed Taiwanese Mandarin from Mainland Mandarin 
from Cantonese. With RFC 4646bis as it is currently written, I planned to 
consider "zh" to be a text or subtitle language, with extensions for 
script variants, and use "cmn" and "yue" for the audio languages with 
their own variants. (In subtitle form, I need to distinguish Mandarin, 
Taiwanese, and Cantonese.) Previous ISO language standards mostly ignored 
audio forms of Chinese creating a lot of dirty data in my industry because 
we need these classifications. I hope we're not making this mistake again.

The problem with the strategy above is that I will then have two unique 
tags for the same language audience (dubbed or subtitled mainland Mandarin 
speakers, for example). I thought this was a good argument for extlang, 
which has been removed from RFC 4646bis.

I don't think that the use of cmn will be "very rare" so I would not like 
to Addison's advice to avoid "cmn" written into any guidelines.

This sounds more and more like there's a narrowing the semantic of the 
original "zh" tag. We've got a lot of Cantonese and Taiwanese content 
categorized against the zh tag today and I know this is true of the other 
massive content stores at other studios. 

Regards,

Karen Broome
Sony Pictures Entertainment
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<br><tt><font size=2>Addison wrote:<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; - Use 'cmn' when you need to indicate &quot;Mandarin Chinese&quot;
as distinct <br>
&gt; from Chinese in general. This case is rare and should be avoided <br>
&gt; whenever possible. A better way to write that would be: &quot;Do NOT
use <br>
&gt; 'cmn' unless you have a Very Good Reason.&quot;</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>I'm a little worried by this text. These tags are
intended to identify audio and text content. It is common for those classifying
audiovisual content to maintain separate lists of &quot;dubbing&quot; (or
audio language) and &quot;subtitle&quot; or (text languages). This strategy
is built into many of the standards we use today.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>I need to distinguish dubbed Taiwanese Mandarin from
Mainland Mandarin from Cantonese. With RFC 4646bis as it is currently written,
I planned to consider &quot;zh&quot; to be a text or subtitle language,
with extensions for script variants, and use &quot;cmn&quot; and &quot;yue&quot;
for the audio languages with their own variants. (In subtitle form, I need
to distinguish Mandarin, Taiwanese, and Cantonese.) Previous ISO language
standards mostly ignored audio forms of Chinese creating a lot of dirty
data in my industry because we need these classifications. I hope we're
not making this mistake again.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>The problem with the strategy above is that I will
then have two unique tags for the same language audience (dubbed or subtitled
mainland Mandarin speakers, for example). I thought this was a good argument
for extlang, which has been removed from RFC 4646bis.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>I don't think that the use of cmn will be &quot;very
rare&quot; so I would not like to Addison's advice to avoid &quot;cmn&quot;
written into any guidelines.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>This sounds more and more like there's a narrowing
the semantic of the original &quot;zh&quot; tag. We've got a lot of Cantonese
and Taiwanese content categorized against the zh tag today and I know this
is true of the other massive content stores at other studios. </font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Regards,</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Karen Broome</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>Sony Pictures Entertainment</font></tt>
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Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com scripsit:

> I need to distinguish dubbed Taiwanese Mandarin from Mainland Mandarin 
> from Cantonese. With RFC 4646bis as it is currently written, I planned to 
> consider "zh" to be a text or subtitle language, with extensions for 
> script variants, and use "cmn" and "yue" for the audio languages with 
> their own variants. (In subtitle form, I need to distinguish Mandarin, 
> Taiwanese, and Cantonese.) 

That's the most sensible approach for audio.  The warnings are basically
about situations where there is a lot of pre-existing tagged content,
which doesn't much apply to audio.

> This sounds more and more like there's a narrowing the semantic of the 
> original "zh" tag. We've got a lot of Cantonese and Taiwanese content 
> categorized against the zh tag today and I know this is true of the other 
> massive content stores at other studios. 

No, it's just warning you that de facto it's been narrowed already,
particularly in the text domain, since most written Chinese is in
fact Mandarin.  (And the same for Standard Arabic, and Swahili,
and a bunch of other cases.)

-- 
Andrew Watt on Microsoft:                       John Cowan
Never in the field of human computing           cowan@ccil.org
has so much been paid by so many                http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
to so few! (pace Winston Churchill)


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Upcoming changes to BCP47 (language tag) syntax
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John Cowan wrote:


> That's the most sensible approach for audio.  The warnings are basically
> about situations where there is a lot of pre-existing tagged content,
> which doesn't much apply to audio.

We have A LOT of historical audio tagged as zh and zho. Audio content 
wasn't invented yesterday or even the day before, so I think I disagree 
with your premise here. I'm concerned that if these warnings are too 
strongly worded, you might scare off those with a legitimate use for the 
tag. As I have pointed out before, web video content is increasing and 
clear guidelines should be in place.

> 
> > This sounds more and more like there's a narrowing the semantic of the 

> > original "zh" tag. We've got a lot of Cantonese and Taiwanese content 
> > categorized against the zh tag today and I know this is true of the 
other 
> > massive content stores at other studios. 
> 
> No, it's just warning you that de facto it's been narrowed already,
> particularly in the text domain, since most written Chinese is in
> fact Mandarin.  (And the same for Standard Arabic, and Swahili,
> and a bunch of other cases.)

I think this is an assumption that should be called into question. There 
are many audio archives, studios, web sites, and other audiovisual content 
producers with systems that now use either ISO 639-1 or ISO 639-2 to 
categorize "Chinese" audio content. There are fewer content collections 
categorized against RFC 3066 or later. I believe this could cause a lot of 
confusion amongst the owners of those collections as they sort out what 
they have on the more granular levels now allowed by RFC 4646 and 4646bis. 


I think the idea that "zh" is a synonym for Mandarin is rooted in the text 
mentality and the de facto narrowing you see there does not hold true for 
audio uses. Most archival standards today use "zho" or "chi" and there are 
a lot of audio and moving image archives out there. An increasing number 
of these moving image collections are being digitized for online formats. 
If zh=mandarin in both spoken and written contexts, any Cantonese or 
Taiwanese content in these collections today will be irretrievable until 
the collection owners can afford to hire language experts to separate the 
Cantonese apples from the Mandarin oranges. 

Regards,

Karen Broome
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<br><tt><font size=2>John Cowan wrote:<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; That's the most sensible approach for audio. &nbsp;The warnings are
basically<br>
&gt; about situations where there is a lot of pre-existing tagged content,<br>
&gt; which doesn't much apply to audio.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>We have A LOT of historical audio tagged as zh and
zho. Audio content wasn't invented yesterday or even the day before, so
I think I disagree with your premise here. I'm concerned that if these
warnings are too strongly worded, you might scare off those with a legitimate
use for the tag. As I have pointed out before, web video content is increasing
and clear guidelines should be in place.</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2><br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; This sounds more and more like there's a narrowing the semantic
of the <br>
&gt; &gt; original &quot;zh&quot; tag. We've got a lot of Cantonese and
Taiwanese content <br>
&gt; &gt; categorized against the zh tag today and I know this is true
of the other <br>
&gt; &gt; massive content stores at other studios. <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; No, it's just warning you that de facto it's been narrowed already,<br>
&gt; particularly in the text domain, since most written Chinese is in<br>
&gt; fact Mandarin. &nbsp;(And the same for Standard Arabic, and Swahili,<br>
&gt; and a bunch of other cases.)<br>
</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>I think this is an assumption that should be called
into question. There are many audio archives, studios, web sites, and other
audiovisual content producers with systems that now use either ISO 639-1
or ISO 639-2 to categorize &quot;Chinese&quot; audio content. There are
fewer content collections categorized against RFC 3066 or later. I believe
this could cause a lot of confusion amongst the owners of those collections
as they sort out what they have on the more granular levels now allowed
by RFC 4646 and 4646bis. </font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>I think the idea that &quot;zh&quot; is a synonym
for Mandarin is rooted in the text mentality and the de facto narrowing
you see there does not hold true for audio uses. Most archival standards
today use &quot;zho&quot; or &quot;chi&quot; and there are a lot of audio
and moving image archives out there. An increasing number of these moving
image collections are being digitized for online formats. If zh=mandarin
in both spoken and written contexts, any Cantonese or Taiwanese content
in these collections today will be irretrievable until the collection owners
can afford to hire language experts to separate the Cantonese apples from
the Mandarin oranges. </font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Regards,</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Karen Broome</font></tt>
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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 22 23:47:50 2008
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To: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Upcoming changes to BCP47 (language tag) syntax
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Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com scripsit:

> > That's the most sensible approach for audio.  The warnings are basically
> > about situations where there is a lot of pre-existing tagged content,
> > which doesn't much apply to audio.
> 
> We have A LOT of historical audio tagged as zh and zho. Audio content 
> wasn't invented yesterday or even the day before, so I think I disagree 
> with your premise here. 

Sure.  But it could be any Chinese language; there's no presumption of
Mandarin in the audio domain.

> > No, it's just warning you that de facto it's been narrowed already,
> > particularly in the text domain, since most written Chinese is in
> > fact Mandarin.  (And the same for Standard Arabic, and Swahili,
> > and a bunch of other cases.)
> 
> I think the idea that "zh" is a synonym for Mandarin is rooted in the text 
> mentality and the de facto narrowing you see there does not hold true for 
> audio uses. 

We are in violent agreement.

-- 
De plichten van een docent zijn divers,         John Cowan
die van het gehoor ook.                         cowan@ccil.org
      --Edsger Dijkstra                         http://www.ccil.org/~cowan


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To: Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com, John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Upcoming changes to BCP47 (language tag) syntax
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Karen - Can you propose some text changes that would remove your concerns
for this text?

Regards,   Martin.

At 10:20 08/01/23, Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com wrote:

>John Cowan wrote:
>
>
>> That's the most sensible approach for audio.  The warnings are basically
>> about situations where there is a lot of pre-existing tagged content,
>> which doesn't much apply to audio. 
>
>We have A LOT of historical audio tagged as zh and zho. Audio content wasn't invented yesterday or even the day before, so I think I disagree with your premise here. I'm concerned that if these warnings are too strongly worded, you might scare off those with a legitimate use for the tag. As I have pointed out before, web video content is increasing and clear guidelines should be in place. 
>
>> 
>> > This sounds more and more like there's a narrowing the semantic of the 
>> > original "zh" tag. We've got a lot of Cantonese and Taiwanese content 
>> > categorized against the zh tag today and I know this is true of the other 
>> > massive content stores at other studios. 
>> 
>> No, it's just warning you that de facto it's been narrowed already,
>> particularly in the text domain, since most written Chinese is in
>> fact Mandarin.  (And the same for Standard Arabic, and Swahili,
>> and a bunch of other cases.)
>
>I think this is an assumption that should be called into question. There are many audio archives, studios, web sites, and other audiovisual content producers with systems that now use either ISO 639-1 or ISO 639-2 to categorize "Chinese" audio content. There are fewer content collections categorized against RFC 3066 or later. I believe this could cause a lot of confusion amongst the owners of those collections as they sort out what they have on the more granular levels now allowed by RFC 4646 and 4646bis. 
>
>I think the idea that "zh" is a synonym for Mandarin is rooted in the text mentality and the de facto narrowing you see there does not hold true for audio uses. Most archival standards today use "zho" or "chi" and there are a lot of audio and moving image archives out there. An increasing number of these moving image collections are being digitized for online formats. If zh=mandarin in both spoken and written contexts, any Cantonese or Taiwanese content in these collections today will be irretrievable until the collection owners can afford to hire language experts to separate the Cantonese apples from the Mandarin oranges. 
>
>Regards, 
>
>Karen Broome 
>_______________________________________________
>Ltru mailing list
>Ltru@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ltru


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     



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Date: Wed, 23 Jan 2008 01:10:07 -0500
To: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Upcoming changes to BCP47 (language tag) syntax
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Martin Duerst scripsit:

> Karen - Can you propose some text changes that would remove your
> concerns for this text?

Please note that I have already provided text that generalizes the
warning from Chinese to several additional languages, but Addison has
not yet incorporated this.

-- 
You escaped them by the will-death              John Cowan
and the Way of the Black Wheel.                 cowan@ccil.org
I could not.  --Great-Souled Sam                http://www.ccil.org/~cowan


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John, 

If you send me your text, I'll take a look. I'm a bit buried in other 
duties right now and haven't read the latest drafts. I could probably take 
a look this weekend.

Regards,

Karen Broome
Metadata Systems Designer
Sony Pictures Entertainment
310.244.4384

www-international-request@w3.org wrote on 01/22/2008 10:10:07 PM:

> 
> Martin Duerst scripsit:
> 
> > Karen - Can you propose some text changes that would remove your
> > concerns for this text?
> 
> Please note that I have already provided text that generalizes the
> warning from Chinese to several additional languages, but Addison has
> not yet incorporated this.
> 
> -- 
> You escaped them by the will-death              John Cowan
> and the Way of the Black Wheel.                 cowan@ccil.org
> I could not.  --Great-Souled Sam http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
> 
> 

--=_alternative 00602E61882573D9_=
Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII"


<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">John, </font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">If you send me your text, I'll take
a look. I'm a bit buried in other duties right now and haven't read the
latest drafts. I could probably take a look this weekend.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Regards,</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Karen Broome<br>
Metadata Systems Designer<br>
Sony Pictures Entertainment<br>
310.244.4384</font>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>www-international-request@w3.org wrote on 01/22/2008
10:10:07 PM:<br>
<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Martin Duerst scripsit:<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; Karen - Can you propose some text changes that would remove your<br>
&gt; &gt; concerns for this text?<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Please note that I have already provided text that generalizes the<br>
&gt; warning from Chinese to several additional languages, but Addison
has<br>
&gt; not yet incorporated this.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; -- <br>
&gt; You escaped them by the will-death &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp;John Cowan<br>
&gt; and the Way of the Black Wheel. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; cowan@ccil.org<br>
&gt; I could not. &nbsp;--Great-Souled Sam &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;http://www.ccil.org/~cowan<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
</font></tt>
--=_alternative 00602E61882573D9_=--




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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 23 14:25:09 2008
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Karen_Broome@spe.sony.com scripsit:

> If you send me your text, I'll take a look. I'm a bit buried in other 
> duties right now and haven't read the latest drafts. I could probably take 
> a look this weekend.

See http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ltru/current/msg09238.html

-- 
It was dreary and wearisome.  Cold clammy winter still held way in this
forsaken country.  The only green was the scum of livid weed on the dark
greasy surfaces of the sullen waters.  Dead grasses and rotting reeds loomed
up in the mists like ragged shadows of long-forgotten summers.
        --"The Passage of the Marshes"          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan


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Peter Constable wrote on the language subtag review list:

> To veto 639-3 because of issues in 0.04% of the code table
> that had no bearing on the text of the standard and could
> have been corrected at any time would have been folly.

As soon as a 4646bis registry imported 639-3 wholesale later
corrections of the 4646bis registry are intentionally limited,
there's no way to "unregister" subtags after they're in.  Can
that happen in 639-3 ?

 Frank (jumping from "languages" to LTRU, it affects 4646bis)



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Fri Jan 25 12:52:04 2008
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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> As soon as a 4646bis registry imported 639-3 wholesale later
> corrections of the 4646bis registry are intentionally limited,
> there's no way to "unregister" subtags after they're in.  Can
> that happen in 639-3 ?

639-3 code elements can be, and have been, retired for any of a variety
of reasons.  (However, they will not be reused.)

-- 
John Cowan  cowan@ccil.org  http://ccil.org/~cowan
Female celebrity stalker, on a hot morning in Cairo:
"Imagine, Colonel Lawrence, ninety-two already!"
El Auruns's reply:  "Many happy returns of the day!"


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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Principles of Operation
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> From: John Cowan

> Frank Ellermann scripsit:
>
> > As soon as a 4646bis registry imported 639-3 wholesale later
> > corrections of the 4646bis registry are intentionally limited,
> > there's no way to "unregister" subtags after they're in.  Can
> > that happen in 639-3 ?
>
> 639-3 code elements can be, and have been, retired for any of a variety
> of reasons.  (However, they will not be reused.)

Right. If something like Scanian were coded once, it would always remain co=
ded; but in the process of maintaining 639-3 such a code could be deprecate=
d on the basis (say) that it is determined to be best considered a dialect =
of another language rather than a separate individual language. Given the c=
omprehensive scope of 639-3, such changes *are* going to happen because by =
definition its scope extends to the limits of knowledge and understanding o=
f the world's languages.


Peter


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Peter Constable wrote:

>> 639-3 code elements can be, and have been, retired for any of a
>> variety of reasons.  (However, they will not be reused.)

> Right. If something like Scanian were coded once, it would always
> remain coded; but in the process of maintaining 639-3 such a code
> could be deprecated on the basis (say) that it is determined to be
> best considered a dialect of another language rather than a separate
> individual language. Given the comprehensive scope of 639-3, such
> changes *are* going to happen because by definition its scope
> extends to the limits of knowledge and understanding of the world's
> languages.

Okay, "deprecate" is good enough.  But it could get tricky if it=20
gets a Preferred-Value that is actually a variant.  Collisions of
variants with registered languages could cause havoc, example:

Language: foobar=20
[...]
Language: err
[...]
Variant: foobar
Prefix: fr-CA
Prefix: fr-PM
[...]

Language "err" deprecated because it was found to be some dialect,
as it happens the dialect registered as "foobar", unrelated to the
language "foobar". =20

AFAIK we can't have preferred values fr-CA-foobar AND fr-PM-foobar,
(please assume that this is important, it's only an example), and
what we really want is Preferred-Value: foobar as a pointer to the
variant, not the language.  Are we stuck in this case ?

 Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Sat Jan 26 14:23:04 2008
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

> Okay, "deprecate" is good enough.  But it could get tricky if it gets 
> a Preferred-Value that is actually a variant.  Collisions of variants 
> with registered languages could cause havoc, example:
>
> Language: foobar
> [...]
> Language: err
> [...]
> Variant: foobar
> Prefix: fr-CA
> Prefix: fr-PM
> [...]
>
> Language "err" deprecated because it was found to be some dialect, as 
> it happens the dialect registered as "foobar", unrelated to the 
> language "foobar".
>
> AFAIK we can't have preferred values fr-CA-foobar AND fr-PM-foobar, 
> (please assume that this is important, it's only an example), and what 
> we really want is Preferred-Value: foobar as a pointer to the variant, 
> not the language.  Are we stuck in this case ?

A Preferred-Value is a whole tag, not a subtag, so no, it is not 
possible for a variant subtag alone to serve as a P-V.

Frank is correct that a subtag can't have two or more P-Vs.  I would be 
surprised if this absolutely could not be generalized to "fr-foobar". 
Scouse is rather specifically a variant of en-GB, and Boontling is 
rather specifically a variant of en-US, but both of those variants have 
simply "en" as their P-V.  More detail would be possible, but not 
necessary.

Registered language subtags are one of the two items this group and 
ietf-languages seem rather strongly opposed to (the other being 
extensions), to the point where none might ever be created.  If that is 
true, this scenario will not occur anyway.

I think the real underlying question here is, "Will ietf-languages be 
careful to avoid painting themselves into corners like this?" and all I 
can say is, we will do our best.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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Doug Ewell wrote:

> A Preferred-Value is a whole tag, not a subtag, so no, it is
> not possible for a variant subtag alone to serve as a P-V.

Check the registry, there are quite a lot of Preferred-Values
which are only subtags, starting with BU -> MM and DD -> DE.

For languages "tag" and "subtag" are syntactically equivalent.
There are only two Preferred-Values zh-hakka and zh-cmn which
are clearly tags.

| Preferred-Value
| *  For fields of type 'language', 'extlang', 'script', 'region',
|    and 'variant', 'Preferred-Value' contains the subtag of the
|    same 'Type' that is preferred for forming the language tag.
| *  For fields of type 'grandfathered' and 'redundant', a canonical
|    mapping to a complete language tag.

At the moment we could not deprecate language "err" in favour=20
of a variant subtag "foobar" or a tag "fr-foobar".  And that
can happen for ``language=C2=B4=C2=B4 Europanto "eur" found by Michael:
http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=3Deur

 Frank



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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Frank Ellermann <nobody at xyzzy dot claranet dot de> wrote:

>> A Preferred-Value is a whole tag, not a subtag, so no, it is not 
>> possible for a variant subtag alone to serve as a P-V.
>
> Check the registry, there are quite a lot of Preferred-Values which 
> are only subtags, starting with BU -> MM and DD -> DE.

You are correct.  I got confused switching back and forth between Prefix 
and Preferred-Value.  My apologies.

> At the moment we could not deprecate language "err" in favour of a 
> variant subtag "foobar" or a tag "fr-foobar".  And that can happen for 
> ``language´´ Europanto "eur" found by Michael: 
> http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=eur

While I'm not sure how this relates to Europanto, can you propose some 
text that would address your concerns about deprecating a language in 
favor of a language-variant combination?

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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Doug Ewell wrote:

> can you propose some text that would address your concerns about
> deprecating a language in favor of a language-variant combination?

I fear it would need too many preconditions:  limiting variants
strictly to languages (or other variants), i.e. no variants for
regions or scripts.  After that we'd need to make sure that a
variant subtag can never be the same string as a registered
language (unless they refer to the same entity, one deprecated
in favour of the other).  Finally we could allow pointers to
a variant (in the form of a Preferred-Value) from deprecated
languages.

It's more straight forward if we give the 639-3 folks some years
to get a grip on "eur", "ork", and "sxu", and revisit 4646 later.

 Frank



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 28 00:19:34 2008
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Draft-4645bis, as you like it
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I've created a new RFC 4645bis download page, in hopes of getting more 
people to review draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis in their own way, before it 
goes up for WG and IETF Last Calls.

http://www.ewellic.org/rfc4645bis.html

Here you can find both the current version (-03) and editor's copy (-04) 
of draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis, in text or HTML format, with or without the 
voluminous replacement Registry contents.  You can also download the 
proposed Registry contents alone, with over 7,000 new subtags, in UTF-8.

Some people have specifically asked for Registry-only, or Registry-free, 
versions of this draft.  I hope providing them will encourage more 
people to review parts of the draft they are interested in.

The main difference between -03 and -04 is updates to the references to 
draft-4646bis-11 and to the latest ISO 639-3 data files.  Of course, the 
data files reflect hundreds of changes approved by ISO 639-3/RA, and 
consequently the Registry contents are quite different.  There is one 
additional, very minor change: I changed the word "uninverted" in 
Section 2.1 to "non-inverted" to avoid giving the false impression that 
the 639-3 reference name ever appears in inverted form and must then be 
"uninverted."

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Mon Jan 28 17:37:01 2008
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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Draft-4645bis, as you like it
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Doug Ewell scripsit:

> Here you can find both the current version (-03) and editor's copy (-04) 
> of draft-ietf-ltru-4645bis, in text or HTML format, with or without the 
> voluminous replacement Registry contents.  You can also download the 
> proposed Registry contents alone, with over 7,000 new subtags, in UTF-8.

I reviewed -03 sans Registry, and I'm happy.

-- 
Overhead, without any fuss, the stars were going out.
        --Arthur C. Clarke, "The Nine Billion Names of God"
                John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 29 06:47:42 2008
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Arising out of a meeting in our university last night, I need to know =20=

(a) what language tag was assigned to Shelta; (b) whether its main =20
variants have been subtagged; (c) whether there is any further =20
plannned ietf/ltru work which might affect the above in the near future.

With no time today to conduct the usual web searches on this, I'd be =20
grateful if members of ietf/ltru could help.
mg

- -
Marion Gunn * EGTeo (Estab.1991)
27 P=E1irc an Fh=E9ithlinn, Baile an
Bh=F3thair, Co. =C1tha Cliath, =C9ire.
* mgunn@egt.ie * eamonn@egt.ie *




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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Tue Jan 29 08:16:28 2008
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Marion Gunn scripsit:

> Arising out of a meeting in our university last night, I need to know  
> (a) what language tag was assigned to Shelta; (b) whether its main  
> variants have been subtagged; (c) whether there is any further  
> plannned ietf/ltru work which might affect the above in the near future.

The 639-3 code element is 'sth'.  Like all other code elements unique to 639-3,
that is not yet a valid BCP 47 language tag, though it will become so in
the near future if we ever get RFC 4646bis finished and out the door.
Consequently, no variant subtags have been assigned, nor will they be unless
someone requests them in due form after RFC 4646bis becomes effective.

-- 
John Cowan    cowan@ccil.org    http://ccil.org/~cowan
Objective consideration of contemporary phenomena compel the conclusion
that optimum or inadequate performance in the trend of competitive
activities exhibits no tendency to be commensurate with innate capacity,
but that a considerable element of the unpredictable must invariably be
taken into account. --Ecclesiastes 9:11, Orwell/Brown version


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 30 12:47:20 2008
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Somewhat in advance of RFC 4646bis, I have tagged my post at
http://recycledknowledge.blogspot.com/2005/05/eigensprach.html as
Europanto using the "eur" tag.

As I said: the language is a joke, the code element is not.

-- 
We do, doodley do, doodley do, doodley do,        John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>
What we must, muddily must, muddily must, muddily must; 
Muddily do, muddily do, muddily do, muddily do,    http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
Until we bust, bodily bust, bodily bust, bodily bust.  --Bokonon


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Subject: [Ltru] RE: Using the "eur" tag
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John Cowan wrote:
> As I said: the language is a joke, the code element is not.

It still makes the registration of a code element for this joke
in the 639-3 registry a mistake. I hope that code element will
be removed from there before we incorporate 639-3 code elements
into the IETF language subtag registry.

	/kent k



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] RE: Using the "eur" tag
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Kent Karlsson wrote:

> John Cowan wrote:
>> As I said: the language is a joke, the code element is not.
>
> It still makes the registration of a code element for this joke
> in the 639-3 registry a mistake.

I tend to agree, on the grounds that "Europanto" is not a language under 
any normal meaning for "language". It is just an idea rather than 
consistent system in the sense that English, Swahili, or Esperanto is 
consistent. There are languages that are now extinct, but can we call 
something a language when it was never actually used for human 
communication in any normal sense?

A purely imaginary language, such as those created by Tolkien, is a 
borderline case. It could exist as a mere joke. But Europanto doesn't. 
It's just a worn-out joke at the level of a vague idea of mixing 
different languages arbitrarily.

Jukka K. Korpela ("Yucca")
http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/ 



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Date: Wed, 30 Jan 2008 10:48:44 -0800
Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: Using the "eur" tag
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> From: Kent Karlsson [mailto:kent.karlsson14@comhem.se]


> John Cowan wrote:
> > As I said: the language is a joke, the code element is not.
>
> It still makes the registration of a code element for this joke
> in the 639-3 registry a mistake. I hope that code element will
> be removed from there before we incorporate 639-3 code elements
> into the IETF language subtag registry.

Code elements do not get *removed* from 639-3; they may become deprecated (=
the RA says "retired"), but they remain in the code table with a stable sem=
antic.

Of course, LTRU could consider not including anything in the initial popula=
ting of the registry that is already deprecated in 639-3.



Peter


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Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: Using the "eur" tag
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> From: Jukka K. Korpela [mailto:jkorpela@cs.tut.fi]


> > It still makes the registration of a code element for this joke
> > in the 639-3 registry a mistake.
>
> I tend to agree, on the grounds that "Europanto" is not a language
> under
> any normal meaning for "language".

Even if it is considered a mistake, we must be careful about what happens i=
n a coding system: a semantic *has* been encoded in 639-3, and that semanti=
c/code element pair is stable and will not disappear.



Peter


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Subject: Re: [Ltru] RE: Using the "eur" tag
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Jukka K. Korpela scripsit:

> I tend to agree, on the grounds that "Europanto" is not a language under 
> any normal meaning for "language". It is just an idea rather than 
> consistent system in the sense that English, Swahili, or Esperanto is 
> consistent. There are languages that are now extinct, but can we call 
> something a language when it was never actually used for human 
> communication in any normal sense?

What do you mean, not used?  I addressed my blog post to the readers of
my blog, and the Europanto web site is addressed to all comers.  It may
not be used conversationally yet, but there definitely exists a body of
written works.

> A purely imaginary language, such as those created by Tolkien, is a 
> borderline case. It could exist as a mere joke. 

Quenya and Sindarin are far more than jokes: they are targets for
translation and the creation of original works of literature.  There exist
third-party grammars and dictionaries for both of them.

> It's just a worn-out joke at the level of a vague idea of mixing 
> different languages arbitrarily.

Macaronic composition, which does exactly that, has a long and
distinguished tradition going back to the Middle Ages.  Europanto
is just the latest outcrop of this perennial idea.
You can call it worn-out if you want, but the decisions of this
list ought not to depend on what sense of humor people have.

This isn't Europanto, but it's relevant:

THE ELDERLY GENTLEMAN                   MALUM OPUS

By the side of a murmuring stream       Prope ripam fluvii solus
an elderly gentleman sat.               A senex silently sat;
On the top of his head was a wig,       Super capitum ecce his wig,
and a-top of his wig was his hat.       Et wig super, ecce his hat.

The wind it blew high and blew strong,  Blew Zephyrus alte, acerbus,
as the elderly gentleman sat;           Dum elderly gentleman sat;
And bore from his head in a trice,      Et a capite took up quite torve
and plunged in the river his hat.       Et in rivum projecit his hat.

The gentleman then took his cane        Tunc soft maledixit the old man,
which lay by his side as he sat;        Tunc stooped from the bank where he sat
And he dropped in the river his wig,    Et cum scipio poked in the water,
in attempting to get out his hat.       Conatus servare his hat.

His breast it grew cold with despair,   Blew Zephyrus alte, acerbus,
and full in his eye madness sat;        The moment it saw him at that;
So he flung in the river his cane       Et whisked his novum scratch wig
to swim with his wig, and his hat.      In flumen, along with his hat.

Cool reflection at last came across     Ab imo pectore damnavit
while this elderly gentleman sat;       In coeruleus eye dolor sat;
So he thought he would follow the stream Tunc despairingly threw in his cane
and look for his cane, wig, and hat.    Nare cum his wig and his hat.

His head being thicker than common,     Contra bonos mores, don't swear
o'er-balanced the rest of his fat;      It 'est wicked you know (verbum sat),
And in plumped this son of a woman      Si this tale habet no other moral
to follow his wig, cane, and hat.       Mehercle! You're gratus to that!

    --George Canning                        --James Appleton Morgan

-- 
John Cowan <cowan@ccil.org>             http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
It's like if you meet an really old, really rich guy covered in liver
spots and breathing with an oxygen tank, and you say, "I want to be
rich, too, so I'm going to start walking with a cane and I'm going to
act crotchety and I'm going to get liver disease. --Wil Shipley


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Hi -

As a technical contributor...

> From: "Peter Constable" <petercon@microsoft.com>
> To: "Jukka K. Korpela" <jkorpela@cs.tut.fi>; <ietf-languages@iana.org>; <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, January 30, 2008 10:51 AM
> Subject: RE: [Ltru] RE: Using the "eur" tag
...
> Even if it is considered a mistake, we must be careful about what
> happens in a coding system: a semantic *has* been encoded in 639-3,
> and that semantic/code element pair is stable and will not disappear.
...

I strongly agree.  We chartered to specify the operation of a registry
which happens to use code elements specified elsewhere.  Second-
guessing other stamdards beyond what is necessary to ensure that
the registry functions as such seems unwise.

In the particular case of "eur", no one has described how including it
would impair the operation of the registry, nor how it would cause
problems for language tagging in general.  On the other hand,
excluding it would open a dreadful can of worms with respect to the
potential for "cherry picking".   It really doesn't matter whether the
language was specified as a joke.  The code has been assigned
and it *does* have a meaning.

Now let's get back to more interesting problems like Erzgebirgisch
where there seem to be some question about what language that
variety is a variety *of*, and whether there is any sensible guidance
we could offer for the handling of such requests.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 30 16:15:33 2008
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From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
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Subject: [Ltru] Excluding language subtag 'eur' (was: Re: Principles of
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Kent Karlsson <kent dot karlsson14 at comhem dot se> wrote:

>> As I said: the language is a joke, the code element is not.
>
> It still makes the registration of a code element for this joke in the 
> 639-3 registry a mistake. I hope that code element will be removed 
> from there before we incorporate 639-3 code elements into the IETF 
> language subtag registry.

Speaking as editor of RFC 4645bis, I would need some specific wording in 
RFC 4646bis to authorize this.  I cannot in good faith exclude any 
subtag from the 4645bis Registry without an objective justification, on 
the basis that members of ietf-languages feel the subtag is silly or a 
joke or a mistake.  To do so would be a process failure in the truest 
sense of the phrase.

(Speaking as a contributor, I absolutely agree that the "language" 
Europanto is silly and a joke, and that its inclusion in ISO 639-3 was a 
mistake.)

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Excluding language subtag 'eur' (was: Re: Principles
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Hi -

As a technical contributor..

> From: "Doug Ewell" <dewell@roadrunner.com>
> To: <ietf-languages@iana.org>; "LTRU Working Group" <ltru@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, January 30, 2008 1:15 PM
> Subject: [Ltru] Excluding language subtag 'eur' (was: Re: Principles ofOperation)
...
> Speaking as editor of RFC 4645bis, I would need some specific wording in 
> RFC 4646bis to authorize this.  I cannot in good faith exclude any 
> subtag from the 4645bis Registry without an objective justification, on 
> the basis that members of ietf-languages feel the subtag is silly or a 
> joke or a mistake.  To do so would be a process failure in the truest 
> sense of the phrase.
> 
> (Speaking as a contributor, I absolutely agree that the "language" 
> Europanto is silly and a joke, and that its inclusion in ISO 639-3 was a 
> mistake.)
...

I object to making such exclusions.  There is no operational or
technical reason to justify such an exclusion.  Making such an
exclusion opens the door to accusations of cherry-picking.

Randy



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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 30 16:27:27 2008
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At 13:15 -0800 2008-01-30, Doug Ewell wrote:

>Speaking as editor of RFC 4645bis, I would need some specific 
>wording in RFC 4646bis to authorize this.  I cannot in good faith 
>exclude any subtag from the 4645bis Registry without an objective 
>justification, on the basis that members of ietf-languages feel the 
>subtag is silly or a joke or a mistake.  To do so would be a process 
>failure in the truest sense of the phrase.

Life is too short for this nonsense. Do let's not gerrymander ISO 
639-3. If it has crap in it, people just don't have to use the crap. 
And if they want to, let them. 4645bis should not be a language nanny.
-- 
Michael Everson * http://www.evertype.com


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From ltru-bounces@ietf.org Wed Jan 30 16:42:54 2008
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Randy Presuhn <randy underscore presuhn at mindspring dot com> wrote:

> I object to making such exclusions.  There is no operational or 
> technical reason to justify such an exclusion.  Making such an 
> exclusion opens the door to accusations of cherry-picking.

I didn't say I favored such an exclusion.  What I said was that I would 
not make the exclusion in the absence of wording that authorized it.

--
Doug Ewell  *  Fullerton, California, USA  *  RFC 4645  *  UTN #14
http://www.ewellic.org
http://www1.ietf.org/html.charters/ltru-charter.html
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/ietf-languages  ˆ



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Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Principles of Operation
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Frank Ellermann scripsit:

> At the moment we could not deprecate language "err" in favour 
> of a variant subtag "foobar" or a tag "fr-foobar".  

No, we can't, but that's not a serious use case.  If ISO 639
decides to merge two languages, we aren't going to follow;
we'll just add the new merged code, and keep the two codes
they retire.

-- 
John Cowan    http://www.ccil.org/~cowan   <cowan@ccil.org>
    "Any legal document draws most of its meaning from context.  A telegram
    that says 'SELL HUNDRED THOUSAND SHARES IBM SHORT' (only 190 bits in
    5-bit Baudot code plus appropriate headers) is as good a legal document
    as any, even sans digital signature." --me


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From: "Kent Karlsson" <kent.karlsson14@comhem.se>
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Subject: RE: [Ltru] Re: Principles of Operation
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John Cowan wrote:
> Frank Ellermann scripsit:
> 
> > At the moment we could not deprecate language "err" in favour 
> > of a variant subtag "foobar" or a tag "fr-foobar".  
> 
> No, we can't, but that's not a serious use case.  If ISO 639
> decides to merge two languages, we aren't going to follow;
> we'll just add the new merged code, and keep the two codes
> they retire.

They surely must be kept (if they ever got in to begin with),
but I do hope that, by 639-3 RA, codes that become "retired"
are "automatically" deprecated in LSR. I'm not sure if any new
text in 4646bis is needed to say that more explicitly.

If a 639-3 code is "retired" already before 4645bis is submitted
in final form, it should not be part of 4645bis. I understand
that current drafts are constructed without already retired
"new" codes.

	/kent k



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To: Kent Karlsson <kent.karlsson14@comhem.se>
Subject: Re: [Ltru] Re: Principles of Operation
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Kent Karlsson scripsit:

> They surely must be kept (if they ever got in to begin with),
> but I do hope that, by 639-3 RA, codes that become "retired"
> are "automatically" deprecated in LSR. 

Yes, indeed.  However, in the case of a split there can be
no preferred alternative; in the case of a merge there can.

> text in 4646bis is needed to say that more explicitly.
> 
> If a 639-3 code is "retired" already before 4645bis is submitted
> in final form, it should not be part of 4645bis. I understand
> that current drafts are constructed without already retired
> "new" codes.

Correct.

-- 
[W]hen I wrote it I was more than a little              John Cowan
febrile with foodpoisoning from an antique carrot       cowan@ccil.org
that I foolishly ate out of an illjudged faith          http://ccil.org/~cowan
in the benignancy of vegetables.  --And Rosta


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