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Date: Mon, 01 Sep 2003 16:43:32 -0500
From: jhchauhan <jhchauhan@wichita.edu>
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Subject: [manet] Value for CTSTimeout
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Hello,

The IEEE 802.11 PHY and MAC Specifications state that "After transmitting an 
RTS frame, the STA shall wait for a CTSTimeout interval, starting at the 
PHYTXEND.confirm." If the station does not receive a CTS frame within this 
time period, it considers that the transmission of RTS has failed and starts 
retransmitting the RTS.

I am looking for a typical value for the CTSTimeout interval. It would be 
helpful if someone can inform me about it or tell me a mathematical equation 
in terms of aSIFSTime or aSlotTime or some other parameter. 
Any suggestions are appreciated.

Regards,
Jasmina

Jasmina Chauhan
Graduate Assistant
Wichita State University
Kansas.

Voice : 316-682-6133 (Res)


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Date: Mon, 01 Sep 2003 11:24:52 -0400
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Hi,
That is exactly my point. Ad-hoc nodes may not always have a MANET_PREFIX IP address due to possibilities of nodes roaming with a static IP, and the chances of ad-hoc network getting partitioned or merged.

Therefore, it is not possible for ad-hoc nodes to rely merely on MANET_PREFIX IP address to distinguish local nodes (LAA). The gateway also will asume nodes that don't have MANET_PREFIX IP address are external, and will forward packets outside the ad-hoc. While in fact some nodes that don't have MANET_PREFIX IP address are local nodes, with global static IP (I call it alien nodes).

Therefore, I believe, there should be a registration mechanism for all alien nodes at the gateway.

Any comments? any reason why not?

yasser
----------------------------------------------
I'm sorry but the point that you are trying to get across is not very 
clear, and your terminology is quite confusing...
perhaps it would become clearer if we knew what your references 
were...[047-01] and [048-01].

when building a scenario that incorportes both terrestrial and ad hoc nodes, it is best to use address in MANET_PREFIX to identify ad hoc nodes.  this way the gateway knows which address are in manet and which are in terrestrial network.  These address spaces should be mutually exclusive, or you are going to run into the problems that you describe(atleast thats what I think you are talking about).

alternately, if you decide that the two address spaces can intermingle, then you need to run complex registration/deregistration protocols at the gateway to inform the gateway which addresses(nodes) are in the manet.(some hybrid form of MIP).

-manish



Yasser A. Lotfy wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I hope you read the attached (word) document which raises awareness of the 

> problem of alien node. Sorry I have to make it in MS-Word since some of the symbols

> can not be done as text.
> 
> The problem is simply due to the confusion that takes place when gateways announce

> there ability to forward packets to generic addresses. Some local ad-hoc nodes may fall

> in this generic address range. Therefore, packets may (incorrectly) be forwarded to GW.

> I hope to get feedback if any solution currently exist to this problem. 
> 
> yasser
> ---
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Sep  2 09:38:42 2003
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Subject: [manet] manet qos
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Dear all

I am currenly studying QoS in manets. I wonder how to reserve resources 
(bandwidth) in an 802.11-type network. While in TDMA or CDMA MAC, you can 
reserve time slots for flows, but for a 2 Mbps 802.11 link, how do you 
reserve 200 Kbps for a flow? Any suggestions would be appreciated.

Regards

J.

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Hi Christophe,

Regarding your new draft, I am not sure that "prefix continuity"
is necessary. That is, I am not sure that the set of nodes having 
the same prefix needs to be contiguous.  Please consider the 
following, and let me know if I am missing something.

It is only necessary for each node to have a route to the
gateway(s) it is affiliated with, and for each gateway to have 
a route to each node that is affiliated with it.
One might argue that if the set of nodes with a given prefix 
is contiguous, then it is easier to flood a message to all 
nodes having that prefix, but I think it is sufficient for a 
gateway to be able to perform the following types of flooding:

(a) Flooding to all nodes in the manet.
(b) Flooding to all nodes in the manet that are within K hops
    of the gateway (where K is such that any node affiliated with 
    the gateway is required to be within K hops of that gateway).

Thus, I am not sure it is necessary to go through the trouble to
ensure "prefix continuity".
A node can simply select the nearest gateway (which can be determined
from the information provided by a proactive routing protocol),
and use the prefix advertised by that gateway.  The node can keep 
that prefix until it no longer has a route to that gateway, or becomes 
more than K hops from that gateway, or finds another gateway that is 
much closer.

My reasoning is influenced by the original paper on Landmark Routing
(Paul Tsuchiya, 1987), which I re-read recently.
A node can select any landmark node (a landmark is like a gateway)
that is within a certain hop-radius of the node, and use the 
prefix advertised by that landmark.  There is no requirement that 
the set of nodes affiliated with a given landmark be contiguous.
A node would have to change its prefix only if it moves too far
from the landmark it has selected. It could then select another
landmark, or another landmark could be elected, or the hop-radius
could be increased.  (Note that I am not suggesting to use
landmark routing to deal with internet-gateways in manets.)

The idea of a hop-radius (or "routing scope") from Landmark routing 
can also be applied to the problem we are considering.
For example, suppose there is one huge manet (say with a diameter
of 100 hops), which has several internet-gateways.
Thus, even though one manet node may be be able to reach another
manet node using a 100-hop path, it would be desirable to limit
the routing scope to K hops (where K might be 5), such that
every node is within K hops of some internet-gateway.
Then, each manet node would select a gateway that is within
K hops and use the prefix advertised by that gateway.
The node would have to change its prefix only if it moves
more than K hops from the gateway it selected.

It is also possible for a manet node to select multiple gateways
that are within K hops, and to have multiple prefixes.  
Note that the above approach makes it unnecessary to divide
the manet into well-defined areas or clusters:
The set of all nodes affiliated with a given gateway need
not be contiguous. All nodes within K hops of a gateway receive 
advertisements from the gateway, but may decide to use the prefix 
advertised by another gateway that is also within K hops.

Regards,
Richard


> Hi everybody,
> 
> I've just published a new Internet Draft on IPv6 gateway discovery and
> address autoconfiguration in ad hoc networks.
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jelger-manet-gateway-autoconf-v6-00
.txt
> 
> I am of course very interested by comments and suggestions which are very
> welcome. For your information, we will have an implementation of the draft
> in a few weeks.
> 
> Sincerely,
> 
> Christophe
> 
> ---------------------------------------------------------------
> Christophe Jelger - LSIIT           jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr
> Université Louis Pasteur
> Strasbourg - France                   Tel: +33 (0)3 90 24 45 90
> 
> http://www-r2.u-strasbg.fr/~jelger
> ---------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

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Subject: [manet] Hidden Terminal Problem
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Dear All : 

Can somebody tell me whether the IEEE 802.11 DCF can completely avoid 
'Hidden-Terminal' problem with the use of RTS-CTS, physical carrier-sensing 
and NAV in multihop MANET ? Does it depends on distance between  nodes and 
RTS & CTS duration ? Even if there is a chance for hidden terminal problem 
in multihop ad hoc networks, does IEEE 802.11 DCF mode operation in single 
hop environment completely avoid hidden-terminal problem. 


Cheers 

SIVA

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Hi,

I am working for telecomm company in India, and I have
lot of exp. in telecomm field,I want to do research in
manet field, can anybody tell me how I can proceed...

I have studied some papers in manet field already but
not getting any direction.

I am also interested for applying in US universities
for MS or PhD.

I will be very thankful to you all.

Best,
Vishal Sisodia
Hughes Software Systems
Gurgaon,India
voice: 09811808307


________________________________________________________________________
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From: "Zhenqiang(Frank) Ye" <zye@cs.ucr.edu>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Value for CTSTimeout
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Hi Jasmina,
  If the RTS-CTS handshake is successful, the RTS sender should recieve
a CTS frame after it sends out its RTS and waits for SIFS +
tranmission time of a CTS. Otherwise, it means the RTS fails. By the
way, you need to include some propagation delay. In ns-2 802.11 code,
the RTS timeout value is set to be:
 propagation dalay (of RTS) + SIFS +Tx(CTS) + propagation delay (of CTS).


On Mon, 1 Sep 2003, jhchauhan wrote:

> Hello,
>
> The IEEE 802.11 PHY and MAC Specifications state that "After transmitting an
> RTS frame, the STA shall wait for a CTSTimeout interval, starting at the
> PHYTXEND.confirm." If the station does not receive a CTS frame within this
> time period, it considers that the transmission of RTS has failed and starts
> retransmitting the RTS.
>
> I am looking for a typical value for the CTSTimeout interval. It would be
> helpful if someone can inform me about it or tell me a mathematical equation
> in terms of aSIFSTime or aSlotTime or some other parameter.
> Any suggestions are appreciated.
>
> Regards,
> Jasmina
>
> Jasmina Chauhan
> Graduate Assistant
> Wichita State University
> Kansas.
>
> Voice : 316-682-6133 (Res)
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>

-- 

****************************************
Zhenqiang(Frank) Ye
Ph.D Student
Department of Electrical Engineering
University of California, Riverside
Phone: (909)-787-2434
email: zye@cs.ucr.edu
****************************************


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IEEE 802.11 DCF can not completely avoid "hidden terminal problem".  If
all the mobile nodes are within the sensing range of each other (not
necessarily within one hop), hidden terminal problem will not occur.



On Tue, 2 Sep 2003 S.Sivavakeesar@connectfree.co.uk wrote:

> Dear All :
>
> Can somebody tell me whether the IEEE 802.11 DCF can completely avoid
> 'Hidden-Terminal' problem with the use of RTS-CTS, physical carrier-sensing
> and NAV in multihop MANET ? Does it depends on distance between  nodes and
> RTS & CTS duration ? Even if there is a chance for hidden terminal problem
> in multihop ad hoc networks, does IEEE 802.11 DCF mode operation in single
> hop environment completely avoid hidden-terminal problem.
>
>
> Cheers
>
> SIVA
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>

-- 

****************************************
Zhenqiang(Frank) Ye
Ph.D Student
Department of Electrical Engineering
University of California, Riverside
Phone: (909)-787-2434
email: zye@cs.ucr.edu
****************************************


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Please excuse us if you get multiple copies of this announcement.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

MobiCom 2003 additional hotel available

Rooms at the main hotel for MobiCom 2003, the Ninth Annual
International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, are now
fully sold out on some nights of the conference, and we have arranged
an additional nearby hotel to handle the overflow.  MobiCom 2003 will
be held September 14-19, 2003, at the Westin Horton Plaza Hotel in
San Diego, California.  We have now arranged an additional block of
rooms for MobiCom attendees at the same rate at the U.S. Grant, a
Wyndham Historic Hotel, which is located one block from the Westin
Horton Plaza.

MobiCom is the premier international forum addressing research in all
areas of mobile computing and wireless and mobile networking at the
link layer and above.  For more information on MobiCom 2003, including
hotel details and details on how to register to attend, please see the
MobiCom 2003 web pages at

  http://www.sigmobile.org/mobicom/2003/

We have a very strong program this year, including 27 technical
papers describing the best of recent research in mobile computing and
networking, plus exciting research demos, a panel discussion on
security and privacy in mobile and wireless systems, a student poster
session, and a conference dinner banquet cruise.  MobiCom 2003 will
also feature 2 invited talks:

 - Keynote Speaker: Dr. Paul J. Kolodzy, Director of the Wireless
   Network Security Center (WiNSeC) at Stevens Institute of Technology,
   and previously Senior Spectrum Policy Advisor and Director of the
   Spectrum Policy Task Force at the United States FCC, and Program
   Manager at DARPA.
 - Luncheon Speaker: Dr. Ian F. Akyildiz, Ken Byers Distinguished
   Chair Professor in Telecommunications, School of Electrical and
   Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology. Professor
   Akyildiz will speak on "InterPlaNetary Internet: State-of-the-Art
   and Research Challenges".

The conference will also include 5 tutorials on the latest research
areas and background topics in mobile computing and networking:

 - Secure Routing in Ad Hoc Networks
 - Public-Area Wireless Networks
 - Mobile Ad Hoc Networking
 - IP Mobility Support in a Mobile Internet
 - Topology Control in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

MobiCom will also have 6 full-day workshops on emerging topics related
to mobile computing and networking:

 - DIALM-POMC 2003 Joint Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing
 - MobiDE 2003: The Third ACM International Workshop on Data Engineering
   for Wireless and Mobile Access
 - MSWiM 2003: The Sixth ACM International Workshop on Modeling,
   Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems
 - WiSe 2003: The Second ACM International Workshop on Wireless Security
 - WMASH 2003: The First ACM International Workshop on Wireless Mobile
   Applications and Services on WLAN Hotspots
 - WSNA 2003: The Second ACM International Workshop on Wireless
   Sensor Networks and Applications

We look forward to seeing you in San Diego for MobiCom 2003!

----------------------------------------------------------------------




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Christophe,

I want to add one thought regarding how to handle nodes that
are too far from all gateways.  These can be treated like
"drifters" in LANMAR (where gateways assume the role of landmarks):

  http://www.watersprings.org/pub/id/draft-ietf-manet-lanmar-05.txt

Thus, a node that is too far from all gateways can select the nearest
gateway (since gateway advertisements can be propagated such that every
node knows at least one gateway), and the method in the above draft 
can be used to maintain a path from the selected gateway to the 
faraway node, using distance-vector routing.

The other method (mentioned below) is for the faraway node to increase
the number of hops that its routing advertisements propagate, to ensure 
that the gateway knows a route to the node.  The LANMAR "drifter" 
approach might be more efficient, but the other method might be simpler 
and more robust, and can use the underlying proactive routing protocol 
instead of introducing an additional distance-vector mechanism. 
Note that, unlike in the LANMAR draft, we do not expect a "drifter"
to very far from the gateway, since it can select the nearest gateway.

Regards,
Richard


<SNIP>

> > > The idea of a hop-radius (or "routing scope") from Landmark routing 
> > > can also be applied to the problem we are considering.
> > > For example, suppose there is one huge manet (say with a diameter
> > > of 100 hops), which has several internet-gateways.
> > > Thus, even though one manet node may be be able to reach another
> > > manet node using a 100-hop path, it would be desirable to limit
> > > the routing scope to K hops (where K might be 5), such that
> > > every node is within K hops of some internet-gateway.
> > > Then, each manet node would select a gateway that is within
> > > K hops and use the prefix advertised by that gateway.
> > > The node would have to change its prefix only if it moves
> > > more than K hops from the gateway it selected.
> > 
> > This idea is also quite good, we thought about such thing but finally decided
> > not to incorporate this in this version of the draft, mainly because we could
> > not find a solution for nodes that were "too far" from all gateways. If we 
> > limit the distance to, say K hops, what happens for a node that is K+1 hops
> > from all possible gateways ? I think it is not acceptable to ignore such a 
> > node, so the "K hops" rule has to be broken ... and if we can find exceptions, 
> > maybe it is because the rule is too strict. Well I cannot find an easy 
> > solution for the K+1 node ... :-(
> 
> I agree that we should not ignore a node that is too far from all
> gateways, but I don't think it is difficult to handle such exceptions.  
> For example, a manet node that is not within range of any gateway can 
> increase its routing scope (distance that its routing advertisements 
> propagate, whether link-state or distance-vector) until it is within
> range of some gateway, so that the gateway will know a route to the node.
> In the reverse direction, gateway advertisements can be propagated in a 
> manner that ensures every node knows about at least one gateway 
> (no matter how far), but also knows all gateways that are within K hops.
> 
> Regards,
> Richard
> 
> > > It is also possible for a manet node to select multiple gateways
> > > that are within K hops, and to have multiple prefixes.  
> > > Note that the above approach makes it unnecessary to divide
> > > the manet into well-defined areas or clusters:
> > > The set of all nodes affiliated with a given gateway need
> > > not be contiguous. All nodes within K hops of a gateway receive 
> > > advertisements from the gateway, but may decide to use the prefix 
> > > advertised by another gateway that is also within K hops.
> > > 
> > > Regards,
> > > Richard
> > > 
> > 

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Subject: RE: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
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Hi Yasser,
I think "registration" is necessary for communications which are not
only manet local but also across Internet.
I mentioned this point at my previous posting.
But I think the "registration" can not be an solution for the "Alien
Node Problem".
Please think about this case. There are multiple gateways and a manet.
Manet nodes may have different sets of gateways because of partitions. 
And, if a gateway chosen by souce node does not belong to the gateway
set of destination node, it will forward packets destined to desination
toward Internet.
I think a global static ip which you are considering is not globally
routable(reachable) since a manet node with globally routable global ip
is also reachable across Internet althogh it is local manet node.
If so, evenually souce node will be notified by ICMP destination
unreachable and do route discovery again in case of reactive protocols.
I think this is enough for destination node with the "global static ip"
which is not globally routable.

Regards,

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

HyunWook Cha

Researcher  
NGI Standards Research Team
Protocol Engineering Center, ETRI
161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-350, KOREA
(Tel) +82-42-860-1076

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Yasser A. Lotfy
> Sent: Tuesday, September 02, 2003 12:25 AM
> To: manet@ietf.org; Manish Karir
> Subject: Re: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> 
> 
> 
> Hi,
> That is exactly my point. Ad-hoc nodes may not always have a 
> MANET_PREFIX IP address due to possibilities of nodes roaming 
> with a static IP, and the chances of ad-hoc network getting 
> partitioned or merged.
> 
> Therefore, it is not possible for ad-hoc nodes to rely merely 
> on MANET_PREFIX IP address to distinguish local nodes (LAA). 
> The gateway also will asume nodes that don't have 
> MANET_PREFIX IP address are external, and will forward 
> packets outside the ad-hoc. While in fact some nodes that 
> don't have MANET_PREFIX IP address are local nodes, with 
> global static IP (I call it alien nodes).
> 
> Therefore, I believe, there should be a registration 
> mechanism for all alien nodes at the gateway.
> 
> Any comments? any reason why not?
> 
> yasser
> ----------------------------------------------
> I'm sorry but the point that you are trying to get across is not very 
> clear, and your terminology is quite confusing...
> perhaps it would become clearer if we knew what your references 
> were...[047-01] and [048-01].
> 
> when building a scenario that incorportes both terrestrial 
> and ad hoc nodes, it is best to use address in MANET_PREFIX 
> to identify ad hoc nodes.  this way the gateway knows which 
> address are in manet and which are in terrestrial network.  
> These address spaces should be mutually exclusive, or you are 
> going to run into the problems that you describe(atleast 
> thats what I think you are talking about).
> 
> alternately, if you decide that the two address spaces can 
> intermingle, then you need to run complex 
> registration/deregistration protocols at the gateway to 
> inform the gateway which addresses(nodes) are in the 
> manet.(some hybrid form of MIP).
> 
> -manish
> 
> 
> 
> Yasser A. Lotfy wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > I hope you read the attached (word) document which raises 
> awareness of 
> > the
> 
> > problem of alien node. Sorry I have to make it in MS-Word 
> since some 
> > of the symbols
> 
> > can not be done as text.
> > 
> > The problem is simply due to the confusion that takes place when 
> > gateways announce
> 
> > there ability to forward packets to generic addresses. Some local 
> > ad-hoc nodes may fall
> 
> > in this generic address range. Therefore, packets may 
> (incorrectly) be 
> > forwarded to GW.
> 
> > I hope to get feedback if any solution currently exist to this 
> > problem.
> > 
> > yasser
> > ---
> ***********************************************
> A train station is the place where trains stop,
> A bus station is the place where buses stop,
> On my desk they installed a workstation !!
> ***********************************************
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> ____________________________________________________________
> Get advanced SPAM filtering on Webmail or POP Mail ... Get 
> Lycos Mail! http://login.mail.lycos.com/r/referral?aid=27005
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
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> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 


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Apologies if you receive multiple copies of this call!

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Dear Colleague,

We would like to remind you that the submission deadline for EW2004 is
10th of September, 2003!

All the details about the conference can be found at:
 http://www.ac.upc.es/EW2004

Best regards,
     EW2004 organizing committee.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

					EW2004
			The 5th European Wireless Conference
			Mobile and Wireless Systems beyond 3G

				http://www.ac.upc.es/EW2004=20

				February 24-27, 2004
		Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) - Barcelona, Spain

CONFERENCE SCOPE

In order to be able to be connected anywhere and at anytime a seamless ac=
cess
to the various access technologies is needed providing the adequate QoS t=
o=20
diverse applications.=20

The 5th European Wireless Conference focuses on technologies, protocols,=20
services and applications that will enable a full seamless and nomadic us=
er=20
access to new classes of person to person, device to device and device=20
to person applications.

TOPICS

Technical papers describing original, previously unpublished research are=
 solicited.=20
Specific topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the followin=
g:

* Adaptive Antennas
* Base Station Technology
* Indoor Channel Modeling( Wave Propagation and Measurements
* Integration of Radio Localization Systems into Wireless User Terminals
* Integration of Terrestrial and Satellite Networks
* Interference Mitigation and Management Techniques
* Power and Interference Control
* Power Management for small terminals
* Protocols for Air Interfaces and Networks
* Short Range Communication Systems
* Signal Processing Techniques for Communications
* Analysis( Simulation and Measurements of Mobile and Wireless Systems
* High Altitude Platforms and Satellites
* Internetworking between Different Access Technologies
* Mobile Agents
* Mobile and Wireless Applications
* Mobility Management
* Multiple Access Schemes
* Positioning=20
* QoS in Mobile and Wireless Networks
* Routing in Ad hoc Networks
* Security and robustness in wireless networks
* Sensor Network Planning and Deployment
* Wireless Ad hoc Networks
* Wireless LANs

PAPER SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS

Papers for the conference should be written in English and with a limit o=
f 12 double=20
spaced pages.

All paper submissions will be handled electronically, following the instr=
uctions at:

		http://www.ac.upc.es/EW2004

All papers will be reviewed by the program committee members.
Accepted papers will be published in the conference proceedings.=20

IMPORTANT DATES

Full papers due:			September 10th 2003
Notification of Acceptance:		November 14th 2003
Camera Ready due:			December 12th 2003

GENERAL CHAIR:=20
Olga Casals, (Technical University of Catalonia, UPC, Spain)
Jorge Garcia-Vidal (Technical University of Catalonia, UPC, Spain)

STEERING COMMITTEE CHAIR:=20
Bernhard Walke (Aachen University of Technology, Germany)

TECHNICAL PROGRAM CO-CHAIRS:
Miguel A. Lagunas (CTTC, Spain)
Ioannis Stavrakakis (University of Athens, Greece)

TUTORIAL CHAIR:
Jorge Garc=EDa-Vidal (UPC, Spain)

LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS CO-CHAIRS:
Carles Ant=F3n (CTTC, Spain)
Jose M. Barcel=F3 (UPC, Spain)
Lloren=E7 Cerd=E0 (UPC, Spain)

TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE:

R. Agust=ED (UPC, Spain)
I. Akyildiz (Georgia Ins. of Technology, USA)
E. Altman (INRIA, France)
A. Art=E9s (Univ. Carlos III, Spain)
S. Benedetto (Politecnico de Torino, Italy)
C. Blondia (Univ. of Antwerp, Belgium)
E. Bonek (TU of Viena, Austria)
A. Campbell (Columbia University, USA)
V. Casares (UPV, Spain)
E. Casilari (Univ. de Malaga, Spain)
L. Castedo (Univ. de La Coru=F1a, Spain)
M. Conti (IIT/CNR, Italy)
L. Correia (IST, Portugal)
L. Cuthbert (Univ. of London, UK)
J. Dunlop (Univ. of Strathclyde, UK)
S. Giordano (EPFL, Switzerland)
H. Kawashima (Tokio Univ. of  Agriculture & Technology, Japan)
U. K=F6rner (Univ. of Lund, Sweden)
P. Kuehn (Univ. of Stuttgart, Germany)
L. Lenzini (Univ. of Pisa, Italy)
J. M. Paez Borrallo (UPM, Spain)
J. Paradells (UPC, Spain)
C. Rosenberg (Purdue University, USA)
H. St=FCttgen (NEC, Germany)
A. Svensson (Chalmers, Sweden)
R. Tafazolli (Univ. of Surrey, UK)
Y. Takahashi (Kyoto University, Japan)
L. Tassiulas (Univ. of Maryland, USA)
S. Tohme (ENST, France)
P. Tran-Gia (Univ. of W=FCrzburg, Germany)
M. Uylat (Univ. of Waterloo, Canada)
A. Valko (Ericsson, Sweden)
A. Vilavaara (Nokia Research Center, Finland)
A. Wolisz (Univ. of Berlin, Germany)
J. Zander (KTH Stockholm, Sweden)
M. Zukerman (Univ. of Melbourne, Australia)

EW2004 CONTACT
e-mail: ew2004@ac.upc.es

FINANCE CHAIR
Volker Schanz, VDE/ITG, Germany

CONFERENCE SECRETARIAT
VDE-Conference Department
Stresemannallee 1560596 Frankfurt-Main
Germany
Phone: +49-69-6308-202	Fax:     +49-69-97315213
e-mail: vde-conferences@vde.com
URL: www.vde.com=20


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Sep  3 04:28:44 2003
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Date: Wed, 3 Sep 2003 13:17:08 +0530 (IST)
From: "T. Bheemarjuna Reddy" <arjun@cs.iitm.ernet.in>
To: manet@ietf.org
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Subject: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs
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Hi all,

      In 802.11 MAC protocol, the "slot time" id defined as

  aSlotTime = aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
aMACProcessingDelay.

My doubt is why above all parameters be considered for determining "slot
time" value. In otherwords, in 802.11b protocol, SIFS is set to 9
microsec, why cannot it be someother value say 5 microsec?

Further, SIFS is defined as 

 aSIFS = aRxRFDelay + aRxPLCPDelay + aMACProcessingDelay + aRxTxTurnaround
time.

My doubt is why "aAirPropagationTime" used in aSlotTime is not taken into
consideration during calculation of aSIFS value?

and 

WHY aDIFS = aSIFS + 2 x aSlotTime ? why cannot it be someother value
say 30 microsec instead of 34 microsec in 802.11b protocol?

If anybody knows, please clarify my doubts.
Thanx inadvannce.

              -----arjun

-- 
============================
Bheemarjuna Reddy Tamma    =
Chennai -600036            =
PHNO: 044-2257 9071(Hostel)=
============================


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From: "Chi-Hsiang Yeh" <chi-hsiang.yeh@ece.queensu.ca>
To: "'Zhenqiang\(Frank\) Ye'" <zye@cs.ucr.edu>,
        <S.Sivavakeesar@connectfree.co.uk>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Hidden Terminal Problem
Date: Wed, 3 Sep 2003 05:38:07 -0400
Organization: Queen's
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IEEE 802.11 adaptors are typically able to transmit packets at multiple
power levels. When some nodes/packets use lower power levels and some =
other
nodes/packets use higher power levels, the IEEE 802.11 DCF mode cannot
completely avoid the hidden terminal problem even if it's a single hop
environment or all the nodes are within the sensing range of each other =
(for
transmissions at maximum/higher power levels).

DBTMA (based on busy tone) can completely avoid the hidden terminal =
problem,
but it assumes fixed transmission power. Some CDMA-based MAC schemes can
completely avoid the problem. A scheme in the following paper (based on =
what
we call "collision prevention") can also completely avoid the hidden
terminal problem in either single-hop or multihop environments.

Yeh, C.-H., "High-throughput Interference-aware MAC Protocols for
Heterogeneous Ad Hoc Networks and Multihop Wireless LANs," Proc. IEEE
Globecom'03, Dec. 2003, to appear.

Chihsiang

___________________________________________________________

Chi-Hsiang Yeh (Mr./Dr./Prof.)
Dept. of Electrical & Computer Eng.
Queen's University
Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6
Canada

phone:  now: 1-702-730-7777 ext 30205=20
(+1 613-533-6368 office)
fax:    +1 613-533-6615
e-mail: chi-hsiang.yeh@ece.queensu.ca , yeh@ee.queensu.ca
URL:    http://www.ece.queensu.ca/hpages/faculty/yeh/
___________________________________________________________

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Zhenqiang(Frank) Ye
Sent: Tuesday, September 02, 2003 12:58 PM
To: S.Sivavakeesar@connectfree.co.uk
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Hidden Terminal Problem

IEEE 802.11 DCF can not completely avoid "hidden terminal problem".  If
all the mobile nodes are within the sensing range of each other (not
necessarily within one hop), hidden terminal problem will not occur.



On Tue, 2 Sep 2003 S.Sivavakeesar@connectfree.co.uk wrote:

> Dear All :
>
> Can somebody tell me whether the IEEE 802.11 DCF can completely avoid
> 'Hidden-Terminal' problem with the use of RTS-CTS, physical
carrier-sensing
> and NAV in multihop MANET ? Does it depends on distance between  nodes =
and
> RTS & CTS duration ? Even if there is a chance for hidden terminal =
problem
> in multihop ad hoc networks, does IEEE 802.11 DCF mode operation in =
single
> hop environment completely avoid hidden-terminal problem.
>
>
> Cheers
>
> SIVA
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>

--=20

****************************************
Zhenqiang(Frank) Ye
Ph.D Student
Department of Electrical Engineering
University of California, Riverside
Phone: (909)-787-2434
email: zye@cs.ucr.edu
****************************************


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From: Manish Karir <karir@isr.umd.edu>
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Subject: Re: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
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routing protocols in the two domains(ad hoc and terrestrial) play very 
different roles, terrestrial routing protocols(most) are generally 
proactive in nature, and they spread information regarding the 
availability of a "subnet" to the rest of the world.  ad hoc routing 
protocols(lets just focus on AODV  for now) are on-demand and they 
convey the reachability of "individual" nodes.  Now when you try to 
build gateways, you have to be careful in how you translate these two 
very different semantics.

first thing you want to consider is that you dont want the mobility of 
nodes in the manet to be propagated to the Internet, this lead us to the 
approach were you try to represent the entire manet subnet as a single 
prefix.  This approach also makes entities like the IANA happy, as the 
"manet provider" is the responsible party for this manet subnet, and 
they dont have to hand out 5million IP's to individual manet nodes.

now this approach work fine as long as you have a single gateway.  The 
real problem is when we allow for multiple gateways.  In this case you 
end up with all kinds of problems due to the different between the 
nature of the two protocols.  For example, you can end up with 
inefficient routing paths, as hop count information from within the ad 
hoc network is not propagated to the terrestrial routing protocol.  You 
can also end up with unreachable nodes, as partitioning in the ad hoc 
network, can create scenarios where some gateways can only reach some 
nodes and not the entire manet prefix.

there are a few possible directions one can take to try to fix this problem:

- dont do it: dont allow for multiple gateways, most subnets ususually 
have only a single point of attachment to the higher network, and since 
allowing for multiple gateways is a prickly problem, why bother, and 
complexity only adds more ways in which the system can fail 
anyways...etc. etc.

- make up a complex protocol: this approach tries to basically undo the 
effects of the on-demand protocol being run in the manet, you propagate 
hop count information, to the gateway nodes, you propagate which nodes 
are present/reachable by the gateway for each node(registeration), etc.
one possible candidate for this has been the use of mobile IP(there are 
various references on this approach)

- run a proactive routing protocol: this approach would probably work a 
little bit better than making up a new protocol, but there are still a 
lot of corner cases to consider, and the jury is still out on whether 
proactive protocols are a good solution for ad hoc networks(please lets 
not start another thread on this argument and get distracted).

bottom line: yes multiple gateways create a problem, and no there is no 
easy solution, the only point I think I'm trying to get across is that 
"alien node problem" is a problem only under certain assumptions of what 
you are allowing in the network(s). It is not a general problem with 
acheiving interoperability between ad hoc and terrestrial routing protocols.

we currently have a paper under submission regarding some of these 
issues, but I hesitate to post non peer reviewed work to the list(who 
knows the work might be completely wrong in assumptions and approach)


-manish karir

PS: dont forget the problem of multicast routing and building a gateway 
to support that.


HyunWook Cha wrote:
> Hi Yasser,
> I think "registration" is necessary for communications which are not
> only manet local but also across Internet.
> I mentioned this point at my previous posting.
> But I think the "registration" can not be an solution for the "Alien
> Node Problem".


> Please think about this case. There are multiple gateways and a manet.
> Manet nodes may have different sets of gateways because of partitions. 
> And, if a gateway chosen by souce node does not belong to the gateway
> set of destination node, it will forward packets destined to desination
> toward Internet.


> I think a global static ip which you are considering is not globally
> routable(reachable) since a manet node with globally routable global ip
> is also reachable across Internet althogh it is local manet node.


> If so, evenually souce node will be notified by ICMP destination
> unreachable and do route discovery again in case of reactive protocols.
> I think this is enough for destination node with the "global static ip"
> which is not globally routable.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> 
> HyunWook Cha
> 
> Researcher  
> NGI Standards Research Team
> Protocol Engineering Center, ETRI
> 161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-350, KOREA
> (Tel) +82-42-860-1076
> 




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hi friends
could anyone tell me the factors to be considered while designing 
a gateway node in a manet which is satellite capable so it can 
access the fixed infrastructures via satellite
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Rediff Matchmaker strikes another interesting match !!
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hi all,

i have a very basic question. can any one guide me what is the 
difference between wireless lan delay and end-to-end delay for mobile 
ad-hoc networks ? though it's very basic question, i am a bit confused.

thanks,
regards,
shah
---

kani_11@rediffmail.com wrote:

>
>
> hi friends
> could anyone tell me the factors to be considered while designing a 
> gateway node in a manet which is satellite capable so it can access 
> the fixed infrastructures via satellite
> ___________________________________________________
> Law meets Electronics; Veena Weds Sanjay.
> Rediff Matchmaker strikes another interesting match !!
> Visit http://rediff.com/matchmaker?1
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Manish Karir'" <karir@isr.umd.edu>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>, "???????" <autonet@ipv6.or.kr>
Subject: RE: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
Date: Thu, 4 Sep 2003 10:57:45 +0900
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HI Manish,
Please see inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Manish Karir
> Sent: Thursday, September 04, 2003 12:12 AM
> Cc: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> 
> 
> 
> 
> routing protocols in the two domains(ad hoc and terrestrial) 
> play very different roles, terrestrial routing protocols(most) are
generally 
> proactive in nature, and they spread information regarding the 
> availability of a "subnet" to the rest of the world.  ad hoc routing 
> protocols(lets just focus on AODV  for now) are on-demand and they 
> convey the reachability of "individual" nodes.  Now when you try to 
> build gateways, you have to be careful in how you translate these two 
> very different semantics.
> 
> first thing you want to consider is that you dont want the 
> mobility of nodes in the manet to be propagated to the Internet, this 
> lead us to the approach were you try to represent the entire manet
subnet as 
> a single prefix.  This approach also makes entities like the IANA 
> happy, as the "manet provider" is the responsible party for this manet
subnet, and 
> they dont have to hand out 5million IP's to individual manet nodes.

Right. In Mobile IP, only HA has knowledge of current attach points of
its cared MNs.

> now this approach work fine as long as you have a single 
> gateway.  The real problem is when we allow for multiple gateways.  In
this 
> case you end up with all kinds of problems due to the different
between the 
> nature of the two protocols.  For example, you can end up with 
> inefficient routing paths, as hop count information from 
> within the ad hoc network is not propagated to the terrestrial routing

> protocol.  

You know, the purpose of Internet connectivity of MANET we are
considering is that manet nodes can start(initiate) communication with
locally unreachable but globally reachable nodes. To do so, a manet node
has to configure its global address with the prefix of a gateway or
gateways known to it in the stateful or stateless manner.
And the manet node uses newly configured global ip as source address
when it initiates communication with peer node.
Since general MANET node is not equipped with MIPv6, it cannot perform
procedure like RR in MIPv6.
So, peer node can see only global ip used as source address by the manet
node when the communication is started. 
Althogh the manet node has multiple globla IPs from multiple gateways
and gateways which do not have same prefix as the ip used for 
the communication has route entry or some registration information for
the ip, 
inbound traffic always arrives the gateway with the same prefix as ip
which is chosen as source ip by the manet node.
If so, what makes inefficient routing paths problem under multiple
gateways?

> You can also end up with unreachable nodes, as partitioning in the ad
hoc 
> network, can create scenarios where some gateways can only reach some 
> nodes and not the entire manet prefix.      

This also happens in single gateway condition because of the nature of
MANET. 
This is not specific to the multiple gateways case.

 
> there are a few possible directions one can take to try to 
> fix this problem:
> 
> - dont do it: dont allow for multiple gateways, most subnets 
> ususually have only a single point of attachment to the higher
network, 
> and since allowing for multiple gateways is a prickly problem, why
bother, and 
> complexity only adds more ways in which the system can fail 
> anyways...etc. etc.

See the charter of IETF Multi6 wg. I think the use of multiple gateways
can help Internet connectivity of MANET 
which has extremely dynamic topology by its nature.

> - make up a complex protocol: this approach tries to basically undo
the effects of the on-demand protocol being run in the manet, you 
> propagate hop count information, to the gateway nodes, you propagate
which nodes are present/reachable by the gateway for each 
> node(registeration), etc. one possible candidate for this has been the
use of mobile IP(there are various references on this approach)

I also think the reachability informaiton for manet node should not
propagate in proactive manner when reacive routing protocol is used.
As I mentioned above, this kind of registration does not help.
Could you point which approaches use Mobile IP? I also read a few papers
including MIP-MANET. 
I am considering registration scheme of Mobile IP can help address
unreachable manet node and developing ns2 simulation codes.
What do you think of this approach?

> - run a proactive routing protocol: this approach would 
> probably work a 
> little bit better than making up a new protocol, but there 
> are still a 
> lot of corner cases to consider, and the jury is still out on whether 
> proactive protocols are a good solution for ad hoc 
> networks(please lets 
> not start another thread on this argument and get distracted).

Regardless of the type of routing protocol, reachability information of
another addresses of destination manet node do not help in a gateway.
 
> bottom line: yes multiple gateways create a problem, and no 
> there is no 
> easy solution, the only point I think I'm trying to get 
> across is that 
> "alien node problem" is a problem only under certain 
> assumptions of what 
> you are allowing in the network(s). It is not a general problem with 
> acheiving interoperability between ad hoc and terrestrial 
> routing protocols.

IMO, the use of multiple gateways does not generate any issue which does
not happen in the use of single gateway.
Could you tell me how all manet nodes can choose the same one gateway
when multiple gateways is available?
  
> we currently have a paper under submission regarding some of these 
> issues, but I hesitate to post non peer reviewed work to the list(who 
> knows the work might be completely wrong in assumptions and approach)
> 

I am interested in your idea and hope we can handle many issues of this
area successfully.

HyunWook Cha
 
> -manish karir
> 
> PS: dont forget the problem of multicast routing and building 
> a gateway 
> to support that.
> 
> 
> HyunWook Cha wrote:
> > Hi Yasser,
> > I think "registration" is necessary for communications 
> which are not 
> > only manet local but also across Internet. I mentioned this 
> point at 
> > my previous posting. But I think the "registration" can not be an 
> > solution for the "Alien Node Problem".
> 
> 
> > Please think about this case. There are multiple gateways 
> and a manet. 
> > Manet nodes may have different sets of gateways because of 
> partitions. 
> > And, if a gateway chosen by souce node does not belong to 
> the gateway 
> > set of destination node, it will forward packets destined to 
> > desination toward Internet.
> 
> 
> > I think a global static ip which you are considering is not globally
> > routable(reachable) since a manet node with globally 
> routable global 
> > ip is also reachable across Internet althogh it is local manet node.
> 
> 
> > If so, evenually souce node will be notified by ICMP destination 
> > unreachable and do route discovery again in case of reactive 
> > protocols. I think this is enough for destination node with the 
> > "global static ip" which is not globally routable.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > 
> > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > 
> > HyunWook Cha
> > 
> > Researcher
> > NGI Standards Research Team
> > Protocol Engineering Center, ETRI
> > 161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-350, KOREA
> > (Tel) +82-42-860-1076
> > 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Sep  4 21:30:47 2003
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From: Pan Zheng <meancity@yahoo.com>
To: manet@ietf.org
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Subject: [manet] what is a good start of research on MANET?
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what is a good start of research on MANET?
i am new to MANET, just join this maillist.
anyone can give me an idea on what is a good start of
research on MANET?

what is the basic knowledges requirements before
heading in reseach of MANET? i did read some about
MANET, currenty i had some basic idea of MANET.
i plan to do some research on MANET for my master
degree. so any suggestions?

appreciate.





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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Sep  4 22:48:43 2003
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From: Jianqiang Zeng <zeng3567@uidaho.edu>
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Subject: [manet] applying MANETs into the underwater vehicle communication network?
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Hi, are there anybody doing the research on applying MANETs into the underwater vehicle communication network?
The constrains in underwater communication network are extremely low data rates, many nodes, high volume per node, and variable node to node connectivity. I am concerning about what kind of routing protocol of MANETs is appropriate to address these constrains? Proactive, reactive or some other kind of protocols? I am new to MANETs, any advice will be most appreciated. Thanks!

Best Regards
Jianqiang Zeng


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To Christophe and all,

I thought more about the solution in your draft, and the benefits 
of "prefix continuity".  One of the benefits of prefix continuity 
that I did not consider before is that it allows hop-by-hop default 
routing, without using a routing header to specify the gateway.
(This is because the default next-hop router has the same prefix 
and thus has a consistent default route.)

Also, I understand that your method minimizes the number of prefix 
changes, given that you want to maintain prefix continuity.  
(For example, it requires fewer changes than if a manet node was 
required to always select a nearest gateway and use its prefix.)  
I think it would be better to allow changing the prefix if 
another gateway becomes *much* closer, but my main point in
this message is whether or not prefix continuity should be
required.

I see three possible solutions, depending on whether prefix continuity 
is required, and on whether a packet routed to the internet must go 
thru a gateway having the same prefix as the sender.
I hope people will comment on which of these three solution
is preferable, and whether any of them (particularly the first one)
is unacceptable.  

1. The default route always uses the nearest gateway, regardless of
   its prefix. Prefix continuity is not maintained.

  Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is easy (without routing header).
  Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
    maintain prefix continuity.
  Drawback: Gateway prefix may be different from sender prefix,
    which could cause a problem with source address filtering, and 
    the reverse route could go thru a different gateway with a 
    different prefix. (Are these drawbacks acceptable?)

2. The default route is required to use a gateway with the same prefix 
   as the sending node, even if there is a closer gateway, but prefix
   continuity is not maintained. 

  Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
  Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
    maintain prefix continuity.
  Drawback: A routing header (to reach gateway) is required for default 
    routing.  Hop-by-hop default routing is not possible.
   
3. Same as 2, but prefix continuity is maintained.

  Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
  Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible (without routing header).
  Drawback: A manet node may need to change its prefix to maintain
    prefix continuity, unlike the first two solutions.

In my opinion, the first solution is best if it is OK to route
the packet thru a gateway with a different prefix, otherwise the 
second solution is best if using a routing header is not considered
a significant drawback, otherwise the third solution is best.

Regards,
Richard


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From: "Yasser A. Lotfy" <yasser.lotfy@lycos.com>
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Great replies from both of you. I have three points to make:
1) The "alien node problem" may exist on proactive routing algorithm. Since the gateway is associated with generic addresses, a node will search it's lookup table for destination address, then it finds the destination (alien address) and the gateway (generic address). Based on the decision src node will make, we may have the "alien node problem"
2) By registration I mean that an alien node (a node that doesn't follow the MANET_PREFIX address) will have to register it's address with the gateway. Then periodically refresh this registration, otherwise, the gateway will periodically remove unrefreshed registration.
In this way, The gateway will have to check destination address of pkts, and forward out of the network only pkts with unregistered address at alien table. In case of partition, the registration will be removed after a while. In multiple gateways, all of them will receive the registration msg.
3) Iagree it is confusing, because if an alien node (with globaly routable static ip) needs to be reachable from the Internet, it has to use a gateway as a c/o address. This the dynamics of the MANET environment, it is hard to maintain this info. Some co-ordination between the gateways (multiple gw) has to be done.

Well, for now, there seem to be an agreement on a missing role the gw has to do on registration. The assumptions of the ad-hoc environment is still vague in this respect. I believe we need to define the basic assumptions of the ad-hoc gateways, and how they may connect to the Internet.

Regards,
yasser
---------------------------------------------
Hi Yasser,
I think "registration" is necessary for communications which are not only manet local but also across Internet. I mentioned this point at my previous posting. But I think the "registration" can not be an solution for the "Alien Node Problem". Please think about this case. There are multiple gateways and a manet.
Manet nodes may have different sets of gateways because of partitions. And, if a gateway chosen by souce node does not belong to the gateway set of destination node, it will forward packets destined to desination toward Internet.
I think a global static ip which you are considering is not globally routable(reachable) since a manet node with globally routable global ip is also reachable across Internet althogh it is local manet node.
If so, evenually souce node will be notified by ICMP destination unreachable and do route discovery again in case of reactive protocols.
I think this is enough for destination node with the "global static ip" which is not globally routable.

Regards,

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

HyunWook Cha

Researcher  
NGI Standards Research Team
Protocol Engineering Center, ETRI
161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-350, KOREA
(Tel) +82-42-860-1076

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Yasser A. Lotfy
> Sent: Tuesday, September 02, 2003 12:25 AM
> To: manet@ietf.org; Manish Karir
> Subject: Re: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> 
> 
> 
> Hi,
> That is exactly my point. Ad-hoc nodes may not always have a 
> MANET_PREFIX IP address due to possibilities of nodes roaming 
> with a static IP, and the chances of ad-hoc network getting 
> partitioned or merged.
> 
> Therefore, it is not possible for ad-hoc nodes to rely merely 
> on MANET_PREFIX IP address to distinguish local nodes (LAA). 
> The gateway also will asume nodes that don't have 
> MANET_PREFIX IP address are external, and will forward 
> packets outside the ad-hoc. While in fact some nodes that 
> don't have MANET_PREFIX IP address are local nodes, with 
> global static IP (I call it alien nodes).
> 
> Therefore, I believe, there should be a registration 
> mechanism for all alien nodes at the gateway.
> 
> Any comments? any reason why not?
> 
> yasser
> ----------------------------------------------
> I'm sorry but the point that you are trying to get across is not very 
> clear, and your terminology is quite confusing...
> perhaps it would become clearer if we knew what your references 
> were...[047-01] and [048-01].
> 
> when building a scenario that incorportes both terrestrial 
> and ad hoc nodes, it is best to use address in MANET_PREFIX 
> to identify ad hoc nodes.  this way the gateway knows which 
> address are in manet and which are in terrestrial network.  
> These address spaces should be mutually exclusive, or you are 
> going to run into the problems that you describe(atleast 
> thats what I think you are talking about).
> 
> alternately, if you decide that the two address spaces can 
> intermingle, then you need to run complex 
> registration/deregistration protocols at the gateway to 
> inform the gateway which addresses(nodes) are in the 
> manet.(some hybrid form of MIP).
> 
> -manish
> 
> 
> 
> Yasser A. Lotfy wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > I hope you read the attached (word) document which raises 
> awareness of 
> > the
> 
> > problem of alien node. Sorry I have to make it in MS-Word 
> since some 
> > of the symbols
> 
> > can not be done as text.
> > 
> > The problem is simply due to the confusion that takes place when 
> > gateways announce
> 
> > there ability to forward packets to generic addresses. Some local 
> > ad-hoc nodes may fall
> 
> > in this generic address range. Therefore, packets may 
> (incorrectly) be 
> > forwarded to GW.
> 
> > I hope to get feedback if any solution currently exist to this 
> > problem.
> > 
> > yasser
> > ---
> ***********************************************
> A train station is the place where trains stop,
> A bus station is the place where buses stop,
> On my desk they installed a workstation !!
> ***********************************************
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 



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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: <yasser.lotfy@lycos.com>, <manet@ietf.org>
Cc: "????????" <autonet@ipv6.or.kr>
Subject: RE: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
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Hi Yasser,
Please see inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Yasser A. Lotfy
> Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 12:46 AM
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> 
> 
> 
> Great replies from both of you. I have three points to make:
> 1) The "alien node problem" may exist on proactive routing 
> algorithm. Since the gateway is associated with generic 
> addresses, a node will search it's lookup table for 
> destination address, then it finds the destination (alien 
> address) and the gateway (generic address). Based on the 
> decision src node will make, we may have the "alien node problem"

In proactive routing protocol, sourc looks up its routing table to
forward its packets 
and it will use default route for a Internet gateway if the
corresponding host route entry (/128) does not exist.
If you are focusing on the static global ip which is not globally
reachable,  it has same semantic as manet local ip with MANET_PREFIX.
Anyway, if source node can not discover host route for the static global
ip, it can not but forward toward its default gateway 
since it only knows that destination ip is global one. As I said in my
previous reply, after receiving ICMP, souce node does host route
discovery 
in case of reactive routing protocols or simply discards packets with
the static global destination ip 
until it finally finds host route for the destination or some timer is
expired in case of proactive ones.
IMO, this is enough for "alien node problem" that you defined.
The "registration" scheme can be also helpful because time and some
packet loss which is taken until src node is notified that destination
is not globally reachable 
can be reduced. But, it can not be the ultimate solution. Manet nodes
may have different sets of gateways because of partitions. 
So, the gateway chosen by src node may not have "the registration entry"
for the static global destination ip. 


> 2) By registration I mean that an alien node (a node that 
> doesn't follow the MANET_PREFIX address) will have to 
> register it's address with the gateway. Then periodically 
> refresh this registration, otherwise, the gateway will 
> periodically remove unrefreshed registration. In this way, 
> The gateway will have to check destination address of pkts, 
> and forward out of the network only pkts with unregistered 
> address at alien table. In case of partition, the 
> registration will be removed after a while. In multiple 
> gateways, all of them will receive the registration msg.

Because of frequent partitioning in MANET, you cannot guarantee that all
nodes with static global ip can 
register its address with all gateways.
 
> 3) Iagree it is confusing, because if an alien node (with 
> globaly routable static ip) needs to be reachable from the 
> Internet, it has to use a gateway as a c/o address. This the 
> dynamics of the MANET environment, it is hard to maintain 
> this info. Some co-ordination between the gateways (multiple 
> gw) has to be done.

You seem to consider cases like mip-manet. 
I do not want to see this case as special one because the only
difference is "home registration"
through which the node registers its CoA with the prefix from a gateway
with its HA.  
Difficulty caused by the nature of MANET also exists in incoming traffic
packets of the communication between a manet node(not MIP node) and
Internet node.
For optimization using multiple gateways, some co-ordination or other
methods can be applied.

> 
> Well, for now, there seem to be an agreement on a missing 
> role the gw has to do on registration. The assumptions of the 
> ad-hoc environment is still vague in this respect. I believe 
> we need to define the basic assumptions of the ad-hoc 
> gateways, and how they may connect to the Internet.
> 

Basically, I do not think that "the registaration" you meant is not
essential for the reason which is mentioned repeatedly. 
I think route informations obtained by routing protocols and ICMP
messages are enough for "the alien node problem".
For the communication between a manet node and Internet one, I propose a
manet node registers its permanent(or quite stable) ip with MANET_PREFIX

and its dynamically configured global IP with prefix from a gateway with
the corresponding gateway. 
As I said in the previouse reply, this information can be useful for
incoming traffic from Internet to MANET.
What do you think about this?


Regards,
Hyunwook Cha.

> Regards,
> yasser
> ---------------------------------------------
> Hi Yasser,
> I think "registration" is necessary for communications which 
> are not only manet local but also across Internet. I 
> mentioned this point at my previous posting. But I think the 
> "registration" can not be an solution for the "Alien Node 
> Problem". Please think about this case. There are multiple 
> gateways and a manet. Manet nodes may have different sets of 
> gateways because of partitions. And, if a gateway chosen by 
> souce node does not belong to the gateway set of destination 
> node, it will forward packets destined to desination toward 
> Internet. I think a global static ip which you are 
> considering is not globally routable(reachable) since a manet 
> node with globally routable global ip is also reachable 
> across Internet althogh it is local manet node. If so, 
> evenually souce node will be notified by ICMP destination 
> unreachable and do route discovery again in case of reactive 
> protocols. I think this is enough for destination node with 
> the "global static ip" which is not globally routable.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> 
> HyunWook Cha
> 
> Researcher  
> NGI Standards Research Team
> Protocol Engineering Center, ETRI
> 161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-350, KOREA
> (Tel) +82-42-860-1076
> 
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On
> > Behalf Of Yasser A. Lotfy
> > Sent: Tuesday, September 02, 2003 12:25 AM
> > To: manet@ietf.org; Manish Karir
> > Subject: Re: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Hi,
> > That is exactly my point. Ad-hoc nodes may not always have a
> > MANET_PREFIX IP address due to possibilities of nodes roaming 
> > with a static IP, and the chances of ad-hoc network getting 
> > partitioned or merged.
> > 
> > Therefore, it is not possible for ad-hoc nodes to rely merely
> > on MANET_PREFIX IP address to distinguish local nodes (LAA). 
> > The gateway also will asume nodes that don't have 
> > MANET_PREFIX IP address are external, and will forward 
> > packets outside the ad-hoc. While in fact some nodes that 
> > don't have MANET_PREFIX IP address are local nodes, with 
> > global static IP (I call it alien nodes).
> > 
> > Therefore, I believe, there should be a registration
> > mechanism for all alien nodes at the gateway.
> > 
> > Any comments? any reason why not?
> > 
> > yasser
> > ----------------------------------------------
> > I'm sorry but the point that you are trying to get across 
> is not very
> > clear, and your terminology is quite confusing...
> > perhaps it would become clearer if we knew what your references 
> > were...[047-01] and [048-01].
> > 
> > when building a scenario that incorportes both terrestrial
> > and ad hoc nodes, it is best to use address in MANET_PREFIX 
> > to identify ad hoc nodes.  this way the gateway knows which 
> > address are in manet and which are in terrestrial network.  
> > These address spaces should be mutually exclusive, or you are 
> > going to run into the problems that you describe(atleast 
> > thats what I think you are talking about).
> > 
> > alternately, if you decide that the two address spaces can
> > intermingle, then you need to run complex 
> > registration/deregistration protocols at the gateway to 
> > inform the gateway which addresses(nodes) are in the 
> > manet.(some hybrid form of MIP).
> > 
> > -manish
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Yasser A. Lotfy wrote:
> > > Hi,
> > > 
> > > I hope you read the attached (word) document which raises
> > awareness of
> > > the
> > 
> > > problem of alien node. Sorry I have to make it in MS-Word
> > since some
> > > of the symbols
> > 
> > > can not be done as text.
> > > 
> > > The problem is simply due to the confusion that takes place when
> > > gateways announce
> > 
> > > there ability to forward packets to generic addresses. Some local
> > > ad-hoc nodes may fall
> > 
> > > in this generic address range. Therefore, packets may
> > (incorrectly) be
> > > forwarded to GW.
> > 
> > > I hope to get feedback if any solution currently exist to this
> > > problem.
> > > 
> > > yasser
> > > ---
> > ***********************************************
> > A train station is the place where trains stop,
> > A bus station is the place where buses stop,
> > On my desk they installed a workstation !!
> > ***********************************************
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> 
> 
> 
> ____________________________________________________________
> Get advanced SPAM filtering on Webmail or POP Mail ... Get 
> Lycos Mail! http://login.mail.lycos.com/r/referral?aid=27005
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 


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<html><div style='background-color:'><DIV></DIV>
<P><BR>Hello Friends,</P>
<P>Could you please give me reference to any protocol that has been simulated in ns2. so that from its reference i could get some hint of the simulation environment. also help me in selecting the right version of ns2 on win32 platform. </P>
<P>Thanx in Advance <BR><BR>See you </P>
<DIV></DIV></div><br clear=all><hr>Need a naukri? Your search ends here. <a href="http://g.msn.com/8HMFENIN/2734??PS=">50,000 of the best jobs!</a> </html>

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Subject: RE: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs
Date: Mon, 8 Sep 2003 15:10:26 +0800
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Thread-Topic: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs
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From: "#LI ZHIFEI#" <zhifeili@pmail.ntu.edu.sg>
To: "T. Bheemarjuna Reddy" <arjun@cs.iitm.ernet.in>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
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Hi,

My answer to your questions are as follows:

>aSlotTime =3D aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
>aMACProcessingDelay.

The SotTime is specified as above to ensure that the transmission by the =
winning node (say A) will be sensed within the same slot by the MAC =
layer of all the other nodes(e.g., node B) .=20
Otherwise, even though nodes A and B choose different backoff values =
(say 6 and 7 slots, respectively), node B will transmit after node A has =
already begin to transmit, resulting in a collision. Note that even with =
the above rule for the SlotTime,  the collision between two nodes having =
different backoff values may not be avoided when the time is not =
synchronized.

>aSlotTime =3D aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
>aMACProcessingDelay.

To my knowledge, the SIFS should be 28 us for FHSS while it should be 10 =
us for DSSS in IEEE 802.11b rather than being 9 us.=20

The SIFS (as well as the SlotTime) is determined by the physical layer =
and thus you cannot set as you want.

The SIFS is designed as above to ensure that it is equal to the minimum =
time required by a node to turn from the receiving state to transmit =
state (e.g., from receiving RTS to transmit CTS). That is also why it =
needs not include the aAirPropagationTime.


>>WHY aDIFS =3D aSIFS + 2 x aSlotTime ? why cannot it be someother value
>>say 30 microsec instead of 34 microsec in 802.11b protocol?

A->B=20
  C

Consider the above scenario where a frame exchange sequence is in =
progress between nodes A and B while node C is deferring.
After A transmited a RTS to B, before node B sends back a CTS, it takes =
a SIFS time for B to turn from receiving node to transmitting node.
Then, it may take a SlotTime for node C senses the transmission of CTS. =
Therefore, to give priority for the ongoing transmission, the DIFS must =
be greater than (aSIFS + aSlotTime).
I think the reason that the standard chooses  2 x aSlotTime rather than  =
1 x aSlotTime is just to make the protocol more relialbe.

Moreover, the DIFS value should be 50 us in DSSS of IEEE 802.11b.




Best regards
Li zhifei



-----Original Message-----
From: T. Bheemarjuna Reddy [mailto:arjun@cs.iitm.ernet.in]
Sent: dimecres, 3 / setembre / 2003 15:47
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs


Hi all,

      In 802.11 MAC protocol, the "slot time" id defined as

  aSlotTime =3D aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
aMACProcessingDelay.

My doubt is why above all parameters be considered for determining "slot
time" value. In otherwords, in 802.11b protocol, SIFS is set to 9
microsec, why cannot it be someother value say 5 microsec?

Further, SIFS is defined as=20

 aSIFS =3D aRxRFDelay + aRxPLCPDelay + aMACProcessingDelay + =
aRxTxTurnaround
time.

My doubt is why "aAirPropagationTime" used in aSlotTime is not taken =
into
consideration during calculation of aSIFS value?

and=20

WHY aDIFS =3D aSIFS + 2 x aSlotTime ? why cannot it be someother value
say 30 microsec instead of 34 microsec in 802.11b protocol?

If anybody knows, please clarify my doubts.
Thanx inadvannce.

              -----arjun

--=20
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D
Bheemarjuna Reddy Tamma    =3D
Chennai -600036            =3D
PHNO: 044-2257 9071(Hostel)=3D
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D


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Date: Mon, 08 Sep 2003 13:50:49 -0400
From: "Yasser A. Lotfy" <yasser.lotfy@lycos.com>
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Hi Manish,
you are generaly right, please read my comments below.
yasser
-----Original Message-----

>Hi Yasser,
>Please see inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Yasser A. Lotfy
> Sent: Monday, September 08, 2003 12:46 AM
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> 
> 
> 
> Great replies from both of you. I have three points to make:
> 1) The "alien node problem" may exist on proactive routing 
> algorithm. Since the gateway is associated with generic 
> addresses, a node will search it's lookup table for 
> destination address, then it finds the destination (alien 
> address) and the gateway (generic address). Based on the 
> decision src node will make, we may have the "alien node problem"

In proactive routing protocol, sourc looks up its routing table to forward its packets and it will use default route for a Internet gateway if the corresponding host route entry (/128) does not exist.
If you are focusing on the static global ip which is not globally reachable,  it has same semantic as manet local ip with MANET_PREFIX.
Anyway, if source node can not discover host route for the static global ip, it can not but forward toward its default gateway since it only knows that destination ip is global one. As I said in my
previous reply, after receiving ICMP, souce node does host route discovery in case of reactive routing protocols or simply discards packets with the static global destination ip until it finally finds host route for the destination or some timer is expired in case of proactive ones.
IMO, this is enough for "alien node problem" that you defined. The "registration" scheme can be also helpful because time and some packet loss which is taken until src node is notified that destination is not globally reachable can be reduced. But, it can not be the ultimate solution. Manet nodes may have different sets of gateways because of partitions. 
So, the gateway chosen by src node may not have "the registration entry" for the static global destination ip. 
[Yasser] Agree.

> 2) By registration I mean that an alien node (a node that 
> doesn't follow the MANET_PREFIX address) will have to 
> register it's address with the gateway. Then periodically 
> refresh this registration, otherwise, the gateway will 
> periodically remove unrefreshed registration. In this way, 
> The gateway will have to check destination address of pkts, 
> and forward out of the network only pkts with unregistered 
> address at alien table. In case of partition, the 
> registration will be removed after a while. In multiple 
> gateways, all of them will receive the registration msg.

Because of frequent partitioning in MANET, you cannot guarantee that all nodes with static global ip can 
register its address with all gateways.

[Yasser] Not really, all gateways reachable by destination will be updated by alien node registration in timely manner (please re-read).
 
> 3) Iagree it is confusing, because if an alien node (with 
> globaly routable static ip) needs to be reachable from the 
> Internet, it has to use a gateway as a c/o address. This the 
> dynamics of the MANET environment, it is hard to maintain 
> this info. Some co-ordination between the gateways (multiple 
> gw) has to be done.

You seem to consider cases like mip-manet. I do not want to see this case as special one because the only
difference is "home registration" through which the node registers its CoA with the prefix from a gateway
with its HA. Difficulty caused by the nature of MANET also exists in incoming traffic packets of the communication between a manet node(not MIP node) and
Internet node.
For optimization using multiple gateways, some co-ordination or other methods can be applied.

[Yasser] I agree, and think we need to start talking about gateway issues.

> 
> Well, for now, there seem to be an agreement on a missing 
> role the gw has to do on registration. The assumptions of the 
> ad-hoc environment is still vague in this respect. I believe 
> we need to define the basic assumptions of the ad-hoc 
> gateways, and how they may connect to the Internet.
> 

Basically, I do not think that "the registaration" you meant is not essential for the reason which is mentioned repeatedly. I think route informations obtained by routing protocols and ICMP messages are enough for "the alien node problem".
For the communication between a manet node and Internet one, I propose a manet node registers its permanent(or quite stable) ip with MANET_PREFIX and its dynamically configured global IP with prefix from a gateway with the corresponding gateway. 
As I said in the previouse reply, this information can be useful for incoming traffic from Internet to MANET.
What do you think about this?

[Yasser] I agree, and believe manet node has to register with all reachable gateways, not with a selected one. 

Regards,
Hyunwook Cha.

> Regards,
> yasser
> ---------------------------------------------
> Hi Yasser,
> I think "registration" is necessary for communications which 
> are not only manet local but also across Internet. I 
> mentioned this point at my previous posting. But I think the 
> "registration" can not be an solution for the "Alien Node 
> Problem". Please think about this case. There are multiple 
> gateways and a manet. Manet nodes may have different sets of 
> gateways because of partitions. And, if a gateway chosen by 
> souce node does not belong to the gateway set of destination 
> node, it will forward packets destined to desination toward 
> Internet. I think a global static ip which you are 
> considering is not globally routable(reachable) since a manet 
> node with globally routable global ip is also reachable 
> across Internet althogh it is local manet node. If so, 
> evenually souce node will be notified by ICMP destination 
> unreachable and do route discovery again in case of reactive 
> protocols. I think this is enough for destination node with 
> the "global static ip" which is not globally routable.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> 
> HyunWook Cha
> 
> Researcher  
> NGI Standards Research Team
> Protocol Engineering Center, ETRI
> 161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon, 305-350, KOREA
> (Tel) +82-42-860-1076
> 
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On
> > Behalf Of Yasser A. Lotfy
> > Sent: Tuesday, September 02, 2003 12:25 AM
> > To: manet@ietf.org; Manish Karir
> > Subject: Re: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Hi,
> > That is exactly my point. Ad-hoc nodes may not always have a
> > MANET_PREFIX IP address due to possibilities of nodes roaming 
> > with a static IP, and the chances of ad-hoc network getting 
> > partitioned or merged.
> > 
> > Therefore, it is not possible for ad-hoc nodes to rely merely
> > on MANET_PREFIX IP address to distinguish local nodes (LAA). 
> > The gateway also will asume nodes that don't have 
> > MANET_PREFIX IP address are external, and will forward 
> > packets outside the ad-hoc. While in fact some nodes that 
> > don't have MANET_PREFIX IP address are local nodes, with 
> > global static IP (I call it alien nodes).
> > 
> > Therefore, I believe, there should be a registration
> > mechanism for all alien nodes at the gateway.
> > 
> > Any comments? any reason why not?
> > 
> > yasser
> > ----------------------------------------------
> > I'm sorry but the point that you are trying to get across 
> is not very
> > clear, and your terminology is quite confusing...
> > perhaps it would become clearer if we knew what your references 
> > were...[047-01] and [048-01].
> > 
> > when building a scenario that incorportes both terrestrial
> > and ad hoc nodes, it is best to use address in MANET_PREFIX 
> > to identify ad hoc nodes.  this way the gateway knows which 
> > address are in manet and which are in terrestrial network.  
> > These address spaces should be mutually exclusive, or you are 
> > going to run into the problems that you describe(atleast 
> > thats what I think you are talking about).
> > 
> > alternately, if you decide that the two address spaces can
> > intermingle, then you need to run complex 
> > registration/deregistration protocols at the gateway to 
> > inform the gateway which addresses(nodes) are in the 
> > manet.(some hybrid form of MIP).
> > 
> > -manish
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Yasser A. Lotfy wrote:
> > > Hi,
> > > 
> > > I hope you read the attached (word) document which raises
> > awareness of
> > > the
> > 
> > > problem of alien node. Sorry I have to make it in MS-Word
> > since some
> > > of the symbols
> > 
> > > can not be done as text.
> > > 
> > > The problem is simply due to the confusion that takes place when
> > > gateways announce
> > 
> > > there ability to forward packets to generic addresses. Some local
> > > ad-hoc nodes may fall
> > 
> > > in this generic address range. Therefore, packets may
> > (incorrectly) be
> > > forwarded to GW.
> > 
> > > I hope to get feedback if any solution currently exist to this
> > > problem.
> > > 
> > > yasser
> > > ---
> > ***********************************************
> > A train station is the place where trains stop,
> > A bus station is the place where buses stop,
> > On my desk they installed a workstation !!
> > ***********************************************
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> 







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From: Charlie Perkins <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
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Hello folks,

It seems to me that if a gateway offers a prefix, then the
mobile node could configure an address from that prefix.
In particular:

Yasser A. Lotfy wrote:

>>3) Iagree it is confusing, because if an alien node (with 
>>globaly routable static ip) needs to be reachable from the 
>>Internet, it has to use a gateway as a c/o address.
>>
Not if it's running in co-located mode with the care-of address it 
derived from
the gateway's prefix.  This is especially true for IPv6.

>> This the 
>>dynamics of the MANET environment, it is hard to maintain 
>>this info. Some co-ordination between the gateways (multiple 
>>gw) has to be done.
>>
Not necessarily.  Not any more than in any other case where two routers
advertise reachability to the same prefix.  If only one gateway offers 
reachability
to a particular prefix, then I don't think there is a problem.

>[Yasser] I agree, and believe manet node has to register with all reachable gateways, not with a selected one.
>
I would not agree with that.  Plus, it leads to major headaches as gateways
come and go.

Regards,
Charlie P.




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Date: Mon, 8 Sep 2003 14:49:20 -0400 (EDT)
From: Chien-Chung Shen <cshen@mail.eecis.udel.edu>
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Subject: [manet] QualNet ad hoc protocol animations and simulation exercises
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Greetings,

  We are happy to announce the availability of a set of
  instruction aids developed using the QualNet simulator.

  The instruction aids consist of two components:
    o animations of ad hoc networking protocols, which let people
      visualize protocol operations to better comprehend the basic
      concepts, and
    o simulation exercises, which help people learn how to use
      existing and develop new simulation models, step-by-step,
      using the QualNet simulator.

  An initial set of animated ad hoc networking protocols (such as DSR,
  AODV, LAR, ODMRP, IEEE 802.11) have been developed.

  Although the QualNet simulator (and its academic version GloMoSim
  from UCLA) was originally developed for scalable simulation of
  mobile wireless networks, it does equally well for simulating
  (wired) Internet based protocols.  Following Kurose and Ross' textbook
  "Computer Networking, a top down approach featuring the Internet"
  (2nd edition), we have developed a sequence of simulation exercises
  that use the QualNet simulator to help people learn the book materials,
  the simulator, and simulation model development methodology.

  The simulation exercises and protocol animations are publically
  available from

    http://www.cis.udel.edu/~degas/QUALNET

  Comments are welcome and could be sent to degas@cis.udel.edu.

Chien-Chung Shen

ps. Academic institutions could obtain QualNet for free by contacting
    www.qualnet.com or www.scalable-networks.com.


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Dear All,
 
     I am an engg. student doing my project on "Adaptive transmission of media files over MANET".  For this I have decided to use glomosim simulator.  I would be happy if anyone of u could send me a VBR video code that could be included in  glomosim.  As i have very little time for my project completion, I'm seeking your help.  If anyone of u have already worked in glomosim with video, please provide me with the code with the steps to include the same in glomosim.  This is the first step in our project and there is a lot of coding to be done in the application layer and the link layer.
     I would be obliged to receive ur responses.
 
Thanks,
Vanitha.

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--0-1966767305-1063120391=:28391
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<DIV>Dear All,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I am an engg. student doing my project on "Adaptive transmission of media files over MANET".&nbsp; For this I have decided to use glomosim simulator.&nbsp; I would be happy if anyone of u could send me a VBR video code that could be included in&nbsp; glomosim.&nbsp; As i have very little time for my project completion, I'm seeking your help.&nbsp; If anyone of u have already worked in glomosim with video, please provide me with the code with the steps to include the same in glomosim.&nbsp; This is the first step in our project and there is a lot of coding to be done in the application layer and the link layer.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I would be obliged to receive ur responses.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks,</DIV>
<DIV>Vanitha.</DIV><p><font face=arial size=-1>
<a href="http://yahoo.shaadi.com" target="_blank"><b>Yahoo! India Matrimony</a>:</b> Find your partner online.
<font face=arial size=-1>Post your <a href="http://yahoo.shaadi.com" target="_blank"><b>profile</a></b>.</font>
--0-1966767305-1063120391=:28391--

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Please accept our apologies if you receive multiple copies ... 



                          Call for Papers

                The 2nd International Conference on 
         Wired/Wireless Internet Communications (WWIC'04)
                       February 05-07, 2004
                     FRANKFURT (ODER), GERMANY

                      http://www.wwic2004.de/

              * Submission Deadline: October 10, 2003 *


WWIC 2004 is the second annual conference dedicated to bridging the gap 
between wired and wireless Internet. The issue of integrating mobile 
devices in the Internet poses many challenges such as the design and 
evaluation of protocols,the dynamics of the integration, the performance 
trade-offs, the need for new performance metrics, and the cross-layer 
interactions.  The goal of the conference is to present high-quality 
results in the field, and to provide a framework for research collaboration 
through focused discussions that will designate future research efforts and 
directions. In this context, the program committee will accept only a 
limited number of papers that meet the criteria of originality, presentation 
quality and topic relevance.

All papers should be submitted electronically, in Portable Document
Format (PDF) format. The paper should not exceed 12 pages. Conference 
proceedings will be published by Springer as LNCS.  For formatting 
instructions see http://www.springer.de/comp/lncs/authors.html

The program committee solicits research papers on the following issues: 

* Network Design Issues on Wireless Internet
* Evaluation of Internet protocols over wireless networks
* Design and evaluation of new protocols
* Conflicting behavior of wired/wireless protocols/mechanisms
* Error and Congestion Control
* Quality of Service
* Energy Efficiency of protocols and devices
* Performance Trade-offs
* Wired/Wireless Proxies
* Web Computing
* System Design and Evaluation
* Cross-layer interactions
* Applications and Application Performance
* Middleware platforms
* Evaluation Tools and Methods
* Modeling and Simulation for wired/wireless networks 


             IMPORTANT DATES

         Submission deadline: October 10, 2003
         Notification of acceptance: November 12, 2003
         Camera ready papers: November 26, 2003

ORGANIZATION 

General Chairs:
  Vassilis Tsaoussidis, Demokritos University, Greece
  Ibrahim Matta, Boston University, USA

TPC Chairs:
  Peter Langendoerfer, IHP, Germany
  Mingyan Liu, University of Michigan, USA

Technical Program Committee:

Farooq Anjum, Telcordia Technologies, USA
Xiuzhen Chen, George Washington University, USA
Mark Crovella, Boston University, USA
Klaus David, University of Kassel, Germany
Olaf Droegehorn, University of Kassel, Germany
Yuguang Fang, University of Florida, USA
Yevgeni Koucheryavy, Tampere University of Technology, Finland
Rolf Kraemer, IHP Microelectronics, Germany
Srikanth Krishnamurthy, University of California, Riverside, USA
Adrian Lahanas, Demokritos Research Center, Greece
Peter Langendoerfer, IHP Microelectronics, Germany
Victor Leung, Univeristy of British Columbia, Canada
Mingyan Liu, University of Michigan, USA
Qingchong Liu,  University of Oakland, USA
Petri Maehoenen, University Oulu, Finland
Qusay Mahoud, Guelph University, Canada
Christian Maihoefer, DaimlerChrysler, Germany
Ibrahim Matta, Boston University, USA
Ioanis Nikolaidis, University of Alberta, Canada
Guevara Noubir, Northeastern University, USA
George Polyzos, AUEB, Greece
Jochen Schiller, FU Berlin, Germany
Sherman Shen, University of Waterloo, Canada
Ioannis Stavrakakis, University of Athens, Greece
Vassilis Tsaoussidis, Demokritos University, Greece
Dapeng Oliver Wu, University of Florida, USA
Chi Zhang, Florida International University, USA
Yongguang Zhang, Hughes Research Labs, USA
Martina Zitterbart, TU Karlsruhe, Germany
Michele Zorzi, University of Ferrara, Italy








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Date: Tue, 09 Sep 2003 13:41:08 -0700
From: Amit Kucheria <akucheria@metricsystems.com>
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Subject: [manet] OLSR implementations/models
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Hi,

I have downloaded the two OLSR implementations from NRL:

1. INRIA implementation with bugfixes (nolsrd_1.0a9)
2. NRL's implementation based on the Protean library (nrlolsrdv5.3)

What version of the draft are these implementations based on?

It seems that they don't support multiple interfaces yet. Is there any
implementation that does?

Thanks for your time.

Regards,
Amit

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Amit Kucheria          akucheria@<NOSPAM>metricsystems.com
Metric Systems Corp.   2320 Cousteau Court, Suite 201, Vista, CA 92083
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Christophe,

Thanks for your response. Please see my futher comments below.

> Hi Richard and thanks for your comments,
> 
> Please check below within your text for my comments. In general, your points 
> make sense and we already considered most of them but we decided to insist on
 
> prefix continuity. There are of course pros and cons in any solution. We 
> decided to favor prefix continuity because the hop-by-hop propagation method 
> that we use naturaly leads to prefix continuity. I think there is no "best 
> method", because topological changes are unpredictable and it is difficult to
 
> simulate and compare different solutions. Well it would be nice to gather 
> comments and ideas from other MANET members, so more comments are very 
> welcome !
> 
> Regards,
> Christophe
> 
> Quoting ogier@erg.sri.com:
> 
> > 
> > Hi Christophe,
> > 
> > Regarding your new draft, I am not sure that "prefix continuity"
> > is necessary. That is, I am not sure that the set of nodes having 
> > the same prefix needs to be contiguous.  Please consider the 
> > following, and let me know if I am missing something.
> > 
> > It is only necessary for each node to have a route to the
> > gateway(s) it is affiliated with, and for each gateway to have 
> > a route to each node that is affiliated with it.
> 
> - I agree, but that means ad hoc routing must be allowed between nodes with 
> different prefixes. Well that seems ok for me, but in certain cases (for 
> administrative reasons) one might want to forbid routing between "ad hoc 
> subnets".

>From previous discussions on the manet list, I think want to allow
routing between nodes with different prefixes.

> - Prefix continuity also impresses some sort of coherence in the network, with 
> contiguous "prefix islands", and I like organized networks ! ;-)
> - Also when a network partition occurs, it means that nodes that are still on
> the gateway side won't have to change their address.

That's true.  But I think that what I am proposing results in nodes 
changing their prefix less often, since nodes do not have to change 
their prefix in order to maintain prefix continuity.  Also, what I 
am proposing might result in faster recovery from a partition, since a 
node will typically have information for multiple gateways, whereas in 
your method I think that a node typically knows only about one gateway 
unless it is on the boundary between two "prefix islands".
Thus, in your method, a node that is not on the boundary might have to 
wait for gateway information to propagate via Hello messages.

> > One might argue that if the set of nodes with a given prefix 
> > is contiguous, then it is easier to flood a message to all 
> > nodes having that prefix, but I think it is sufficient for a 
> > gateway to be able to perform the following types of flooding:
> > 
> > (a) Flooding to all nodes in the manet.
> > (b) Flooding to all nodes in the manet that are within K hops
> >     of the gateway (where K is such that any node affiliated with 
> >     the gateway is required to be within K hops of that gateway).
> > 
> > Thus, I am not sure it is necessary to go through the trouble to
> > ensure "prefix continuity".
> > A node can simply select the nearest gateway (which can be determined
> > from the information provided by a proactive routing protocol),
> > and use the prefix advertised by that gateway.  The node can keep 
> > that prefix until it no longer has a route to that gateway, or becomes 
> > more than K hops from that gateway, or finds another gateway that is 
> > much closer.
> 
> That's interesting, but with unpredictable topological changes we have 
> prefered to favor prefix stability : don't forget that each time a node 
> changes its address, all transport connections are lost (if nothing like 
> Mobile IPv6 is used).

As I indicated above, it seems to me that prefix stability will be 
improved if nodes do not have to change their prefixes in order to 
maintain prefix continuity. It would be good to conduct simulations to 
compare the two different approaches (with and without prefix continuity).  
Also, it would be good to get comments from other MANET members!

> 
> > My reasoning is influenced by the original paper on Landmark Routing
> > (Paul Tsuchiya, 1987), which I re-read recently.
> > A node can select any landmark node (a landmark is like a gateway)
> > that is within a certain hop-radius of the node, and use the 
> > prefix advertised by that landmark.  There is no requirement that 
> > the set of nodes affiliated with a given landmark be contiguous.
> > A node would have to change its prefix only if it moves too far
> > from the landmark it has selected. It could then select another
> > landmark, or another landmark could be elected, or the hop-radius
> > could be increased.  (Note that I am not suggesting to use
> > landmark routing to deal with internet-gateways in manets.)
> > 
> > The idea of a hop-radius (or "routing scope") from Landmark routing 
> > can also be applied to the problem we are considering.
> > For example, suppose there is one huge manet (say with a diameter
> > of 100 hops), which has several internet-gateways.
> > Thus, even though one manet node may be be able to reach another
> > manet node using a 100-hop path, it would be desirable to limit
> > the routing scope to K hops (where K might be 5), such that
> > every node is within K hops of some internet-gateway.
> > Then, each manet node would select a gateway that is within
> > K hops and use the prefix advertised by that gateway.
> > The node would have to change its prefix only if it moves
> > more than K hops from the gateway it selected.
> 
> This idea is also quite good, we thought about such thing but finally decided
> not to incorporate this in this version of the draft, mainly because we could
> not find a solution for nodes that were "too far" from all gateways. If we 
> limit the distance to, say K hops, what happens for a node that is K+1 hops 
> from all possible gateways ? I think it is not acceptable to ignore such a 
> node, so the "K hops" rule has to be broken ... and if we can find exceptions, 
> maybe it is because the rule is too strict. Well I cannot find an easy 
> solution for the K+1 node ... :-(

I agree that we should not ignore a node that is too far from all
gateways, but I don't think it is difficult to handle such exceptions.  
For example, a manet node that is not within range of any gateway can 
increase its routing scope (distance that its routing advertisements 
propagate, whether link-state or distance-vector) until it is within
range of some gateway, so that the gateway will know a route to the node.
In the reverse direction, gateway advertisements can be propagated in a 
manner that ensures every node knows about at least one gateway 
(no matter how far), but also knows all gateways that are within K hops.

Regards,
Richard

> > It is also possible for a manet node to select multiple gateways
> > that are within K hops, and to have multiple prefixes.  
> > Note that the above approach makes it unnecessary to divide
> > the manet into well-defined areas or clusters:
> > The set of all nodes affiliated with a given gateway need
> > not be contiguous. All nodes within K hops of a gateway receive 
> > advertisements from the gateway, but may decide to use the prefix 
> > advertised by another gateway that is also within K hops.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Richard
> > 
> 

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Date: Mon, 8 Sep 2003 16:14:43 +0530 (IST)
From: "T. Bheemarjuna Reddy" <arjun@cs.iitm.ernet.in>
To: #LI ZHIFEI# <zhifeili@pmail.ntu.edu.sg>
cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs
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Dear Li,

          thanx for ur kind response. Based on ur reasoning i think
the following is the reason for setting DIFS as SIFS + 2*slottime.

A-->B AP(PC)
    C 

In the above scenario, nodes C and AP(PC) are in the Tx range of node B.
Since AP has higher priority (in dual mode of 802.11 protocol) it should
wait a minimum of PIFS (=SIFS + slottime) before transmitting Beacon to
initiate CFP (contention free period). If at all a transmission is
happening from B to A, AP detects it within PIFS period and defers. 

If node C wants to transmit, first it must ensure that transmission
between A and B has finished and AP is not transmitting its Beacon.

ASSUME THAT AP is NOT willing to TX a Beacon. 
Then, to know that node B has finished its transmission, node C takes
(PIFS=SIFS + slotime) period. Further, node C takes one more "slottime" to
confirm that AP is not willing to tx its Beacon (If willing, AP would have
started Tx after PIFS and node C would have detected it in a slottime that
follows PIFS). Hence DIFS = SIFS + 2*slottime.

If dual mode is not there, for pure DCF mode, i think, it is enough to
take DIFS = SIFS + slottime. Is it right?

regards
arjun 

On Mon, 8 Sep 2003, #LI ZHIFEI# wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> My answer to your questions are as follows:
> 
> >aSlotTime = aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
> >aMACProcessingDelay.
> 
> The SotTime is specified as above to ensure that the transmission by the winning node (say A) will be sensed within the same slot by the MAC layer of all the other nodes(e.g., node B) . 
> Otherwise, even though nodes A and B choose different backoff values (say 6 and 7 slots, respectively), node B will transmit after node A has already begin to transmit, resulting in a collision. Note that even with the above rule for the SlotTime,  the collision between two nodes having different backoff values may not be avoided when the time is not synchronized.
> 
> >aSlotTime = aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
> >aMACProcessingDelay.
> 
> To my knowledge, the SIFS should be 28 us for FHSS while it should be 10 us for DSSS in IEEE 802.11b rather than being 9 us. 
> 
> The SIFS (as well as the SlotTime) is determined by the physical layer and thus you cannot set as you want.
> 
> The SIFS is designed as above to ensure that it is equal to the minimum time required by a node to turn from the receiving state to transmit state (e.g., from receiving RTS to transmit CTS). That is also why it needs not include the aAirPropagationTime.
> 
> 
> >>WHY aDIFS = aSIFS + 2 x aSlotTime ? why cannot it be someother value
> >>say 30 microsec instead of 34 microsec in 802.11b protocol?
> 
> A->B 
>   C
> 
> Consider the above scenario where a frame exchange sequence is in progress between nodes A and B while node C is deferring.
> After A transmited a RTS to B, before node B sends back a CTS, it takes a SIFS time for B to turn from receiving node to transmitting node.
> Then, it may take a SlotTime for node C senses the transmission of CTS. Therefore, to give priority for the ongoing transmission, the DIFS must be greater than (aSIFS + aSlotTime).
> I think the reason that the standard chooses  2 x aSlotTime rather than  1 x aSlotTime is just to make the protocol more relialbe.
> 
> Moreover, the DIFS value should be 50 us in DSSS of IEEE 802.11b.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Best regards
> Li zhifei
> 
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: T. Bheemarjuna Reddy [mailto:arjun@cs.iitm.ernet.in]
> Sent: dimecres, 3 / setembre / 2003 15:47
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs
> 
> 
> Hi all,
> 
>       In 802.11 MAC protocol, the "slot time" id defined as
> 
>   aSlotTime = aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
> aMACProcessingDelay.
> 
> My doubt is why above all parameters be considered for determining "slot
> time" value. In otherwords, in 802.11b protocol, SIFS is set to 9
> microsec, why cannot it be someother value say 5 microsec?
> 
> Further, SIFS is defined as 
> 
>  aSIFS = aRxRFDelay + aRxPLCPDelay + aMACProcessingDelay + aRxTxTurnaround
> time.
> 
> My doubt is why "aAirPropagationTime" used in aSlotTime is not taken into
> consideration during calculation of aSIFS value?
> 
> and 
> 
> WHY aDIFS = aSIFS + 2 x aSlotTime ? why cannot it be someother value
> say 30 microsec instead of 34 microsec in 802.11b protocol?
> 
> If anybody knows, please clarify my doubts.
> Thanx inadvannce.
> 
>               -----arjun
> 
> 

-- 
============================
Bheemarjuna Reddy Tamma    =
Room no: 271               =
Cauvery Hostel             =
IIT Madras                 =
Chennai -600036            =
PHNO: 044-2257 9071(Hostel)=
============================


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From: Ian Chakeres <idc@engineering.ucsb.edu>
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To: "Koojana Kuladinithi" <koo@comnets.uni-bremen.de>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE:[manet] Clarification on RFC 3561 (current time & updating route lifetime)
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The draft is correct.  It should be current time and not
ExistingLifetime. ExistingLifetime refers to an absolute time.

Regarding your idea to change the lifetime update of active routes,
this may increase performance under certain conditions but can have an
equal negative impact under other conditions.  Personally I prefer
updating the lifetime for each packet.  I believe any minor
performance increase would be offset by a more complex design and
implementation. 

Ian Chakeres

>Koojana Kuladinithi wrote:
>Hello Ian,
>
>I would appreciate if you can clarify the following
>to me.
>
>In the following formula in Section 6.5,
>
>  MinimalLifetime =    (current time + 2*NET_TRAVERSAL_TIME -
>                           2*HopCount*NODE_TRAVERSAL_TIME).
>
>What does current time refer to, in this formula? In other
>places, current time refers to the current clock time. If we
>assume that here, MinimalLifeTime will an absolute time.
>
>Shouldn't "current time" be "ExistingLifetime" ?
>
>
>--------------------------------------------------
>
>This is just an idea, which you might have discussed previously.
>
>According to the RFC 3561, each time a route is used to forward a data
>packet, lifetime of the particular route should be extended.
>
>This, I believe is an overhead on the AODV protocol handler, as it has to
>perform updates for every packet that uses every route.
>
>Can this be done in the following way?
>
>When a route is used, the lifetime of the route is extended by
>ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT.
>Once this is done, we stop updating lifetime for every packet using
>the route.  We setup a timer to get activated at X, after which we start
>again to check the route use.
>
>If a packet is received again, the route lifetime is updated and a timer is
>setup for X. Else, route expiry occurs.
>
>X = 75% of ExistingLifeTime
>
>Kind regards
>
>Koojana
>
>
>
>University of Bremen
>FB 1 - IKOM/ComNets
>Koojana Kuladinithi BSc, MSc
>Otto-Hahn-Allee NW 1
>28359 Bremen - Germany
>
>Tel.: +49 421 218 8264, Fax: +49 421 218 3601, Mobile: +49 160 2690070
>Email: kuladinithi@ikom.org  
>koo@comnets.uni-bremen.de 
>
> 
>
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Manish Karir'" <karir@isr.umd.edu>, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
Date: Mon, 1 Sep 2003 12:10:03 +0900
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Hi, Manish.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Manish Karir
> Sent: Saturday, August 30, 2003 2:03 AM
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> I'm sorry but the point that you are trying to get across is not very 
> clear, and your terminology is quite confusing...
> perhaps it would become clearer if we knew what your references 
> were...[047-01] and [048-01].
> 
> when building a scenario that incorportes both terrestrial and ad hoc 
> nodes, it is best to use address in MANET_PREFIX to identify ad hoc 
> nodes.  this way the gateway knows which address are in manet 
> and which 
> are in terrestrial network.  These address spaces should be mutually 
> exclusive, or you are going to run into the problems that you 
> describe(atleast thats what I think you are talking about).
> 

Basically, I agree.
But, some application which is not specific to MANET and not being using
for only MANET can not give MANET_PREFIX address of the peer manet node
to the source node. Think about present p2p applications. In addition,
it is possible that peer manet node is also capable of MIPv6 and souce
node initiates session using HoA of peer node.   

> alternately, if you decide that the two address spaces can 
> intermingle, 
> then you need to run complex registration/deregistration protocols at 
> the gateway to inform the gateway which addresses(nodes) are in the 
> manet.(some hybrid form of MIP).

Right. 
I think this "registration" is necessary. 
Without the registaration information, in case of reactive routing
protocols, an Internet gateway can generate unnecessary MANET broadcast
RREQ for destination of downstream traffic packet, although the
destination node is not manet one. Or, the gateway can perform
unnecessary NDP stuff if destination is a manet node but is not
reachable because of partitions.
In the stateful address configuration for global addresses, a gateway
can maintain this information efficiently. 

HyunWook Cha

> 
> -manish
> 
> 
> 
> Yasser A. Lotfy wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > I hope you read the attached (word) document which raises 
> awareness of 
> > the
> 
> > problem of alien node. Sorry I have to make it in MS-Word 
> since some 
> > of the symbols
> 
> > can not be done as text.
> > 
> > The problem is simply due to the confusion that takes place when 
> > gateways announce
> 
> > there ability to forward packets to generic addresses. Some local 
> > ad-hoc nodes may fall
> 
> > in this generic address range. Therefore, packets may 
> (incorrectly) be 
> > forwarded to GW.
> 
> > I hope
> > to get feedback if any solution currently exist to this problem. 
> > 
> > yasser
> > ---
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 


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Subject: [manet] Clarification on RFC 3561 (current time & updating route lifetime)
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Hello Ian,

I would appreciate if you can clarify the following
to me.

In the following formula in Section 6.5,

  MinimalLifetime =    (current time + 2*NET_TRAVERSAL_TIME -
                           2*HopCount*NODE_TRAVERSAL_TIME).

What does current time refer to, in this formula? In other
places, current time refers to the current clock time. If we
assume that here, MinimalLifeTime will an absolute time.

Shouldn't "current time" be "ExistingLifetime" ?


--------------------------------------------------

This is just an idea, which you might have discussed previously.

According to the RFC 3561, each time a route is used to forward a data
packet, lifetime of the particular route should be extended.

This, I believe is an overhead on the AODV protocol handler, as it has to
perform updates for every packet that uses every route.

Can this be done in the following way?

When a route is used, the lifetime of the route is extended by
ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT.
Once this is done, we stop updating lifetime for every packet using
the route.  We setup a timer to get activated at X, after which we start
again to check the route use.

If a packet is received again, the route lifetime is updated and a timer is
setup for X. Else, route expiry occurs.

X = 75% of ExistingLifeTime

Kind regards

Koojana



University of Bremen
FB 1 - IKOM/ComNets
Koojana Kuladinithi BSc, MSc
Otto-Hahn-Allee NW 1
28359 Bremen - Germany

Tel.: +49 421 218 8264, Fax: +49 421 218 3601, Mobile: +49 160 2690070
Email: kuladinithi@ikom.org  
koo@comnets.uni-bremen.de 

 




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Subject: RE: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs
Date: Mon, 8 Sep 2003 19:34:57 +0800
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Thread-Topic: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs
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From: "#LI ZHIFEI#" <zhifeili@pmail.ntu.edu.sg>
To: "T. Bheemarjuna Reddy" <arjun@cs.iitm.ernet.in>
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Hi,

I am not farmilar with PCF but what you have said seems reasonable: the =
DIFS is designed in such a way to give priority for the Point Cordinator =
(e.g., AP) which will defer by PIFS before transmission.

Li zhifei

-----Original Message-----
From: T. Bheemarjuna Reddy [mailto:arjun@cs.iitm.ernet.in]
Sent: dilluns, 8 / setembre / 2003 18:45
To: #LI ZHIFEI#
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs


Dear Li,

          thanx for ur kind response. Based on ur reasoning i think
the following is the reason for setting DIFS as SIFS + 2*slottime.

A-->B AP(PC)
    C=20

In the above scenario, nodes C and AP(PC) are in the Tx range of node B.
Since AP has higher priority (in dual mode of 802.11 protocol) it should
wait a minimum of PIFS (=3DSIFS + slottime) before transmitting Beacon =
to
initiate CFP (contention free period). If at all a transmission is
happening from B to A, AP detects it within PIFS period and defers.=20

If node C wants to transmit, first it must ensure that transmission
between A and B has finished and AP is not transmitting its Beacon.

ASSUME THAT AP is NOT willing to TX a Beacon.=20
Then, to know that node B has finished its transmission, node C takes
(PIFS=3DSIFS + slotime) period. Further, node C takes one more =
"slottime" to
confirm that AP is not willing to tx its Beacon (If willing, AP would =
have
started Tx after PIFS and node C would have detected it in a slottime =
that
follows PIFS). Hence DIFS =3D SIFS + 2*slottime.

If dual mode is not there, for pure DCF mode, i think, it is enough to
take DIFS =3D SIFS + slottime. Is it right?

regards
arjun=20

On Mon, 8 Sep 2003, #LI ZHIFEI# wrote:

> Hi,
>=20
> My answer to your questions are as follows:
>=20
> >aSlotTime =3D aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
> >aMACProcessingDelay.
>=20
> The SotTime is specified as above to ensure that the transmission by =
the winning node (say A) will be sensed within the same slot by the MAC =
layer of all the other nodes(e.g., node B) .=20
> Otherwise, even though nodes A and B choose different backoff values =
(say 6 and 7 slots, respectively), node B will transmit after node A has =
already begin to transmit, resulting in a collision. Note that even with =
the above rule for the SlotTime,  the collision between two nodes having =
different backoff values may not be avoided when the time is not =
synchronized.
>=20
> >aSlotTime =3D aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
> >aMACProcessingDelay.
>=20
> To my knowledge, the SIFS should be 28 us for FHSS while it should be =
10 us for DSSS in IEEE 802.11b rather than being 9 us.=20
>=20
> The SIFS (as well as the SlotTime) is determined by the physical layer =
and thus you cannot set as you want.
>=20
> The SIFS is designed as above to ensure that it is equal to the =
minimum time required by a node to turn from the receiving state to =
transmit state (e.g., from receiving RTS to transmit CTS). That is also =
why it needs not include the aAirPropagationTime.
>=20
>=20
> >>WHY aDIFS =3D aSIFS + 2 x aSlotTime ? why cannot it be someother =
value
> >>say 30 microsec instead of 34 microsec in 802.11b protocol?
>=20
> A->B=20
>   C
>=20
> Consider the above scenario where a frame exchange sequence is in =
progress between nodes A and B while node C is deferring.
> After A transmited a RTS to B, before node B sends back a CTS, it =
takes a SIFS time for B to turn from receiving node to transmitting =
node.
> Then, it may take a SlotTime for node C senses the transmission of =
CTS. Therefore, to give priority for the ongoing transmission, the DIFS =
must be greater than (aSIFS + aSlotTime).
> I think the reason that the standard chooses  2 x aSlotTime rather =
than  1 x aSlotTime is just to make the protocol more relialbe.
>=20
> Moreover, the DIFS value should be 50 us in DSSS of IEEE 802.11b.
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Best regards
> Li zhifei
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: T. Bheemarjuna Reddy [mailto:arjun@cs.iitm.ernet.in]
> Sent: dimecres, 3 / setembre / 2003 15:47
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: [manet] doubt regarding 802.11 IFSs
>=20
>=20
> Hi all,
>=20
>       In 802.11 MAC protocol, the "slot time" id defined as
>=20
>   aSlotTime =3D aCCATime +aRxTxTurnaroundTime + aAirPropagationTime +
> aMACProcessingDelay.
>=20
> My doubt is why above all parameters be considered for determining =
"slot
> time" value. In otherwords, in 802.11b protocol, SIFS is set to 9
> microsec, why cannot it be someother value say 5 microsec?
>=20
> Further, SIFS is defined as=20
>=20
>  aSIFS =3D aRxRFDelay + aRxPLCPDelay + aMACProcessingDelay + =
aRxTxTurnaround
> time.
>=20
> My doubt is why "aAirPropagationTime" used in aSlotTime is not taken =
into
> consideration during calculation of aSIFS value?
>=20
> and=20
>=20
> WHY aDIFS =3D aSIFS + 2 x aSlotTime ? why cannot it be someother value
> say 30 microsec instead of 34 microsec in 802.11b protocol?
>=20
> If anybody knows, please clarify my doubts.
> Thanx inadvannce.
>=20
>               -----arjun
>=20
>=20

--=20
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D
Bheemarjuna Reddy Tamma    =3D
Room no: 271               =3D
Cauvery Hostel             =3D
IIT Madras                 =3D
Chennai -600036            =3D
PHNO: 044-2257 9071(Hostel)=3D
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
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Subject: Re: [manet] Replication in wireless ad hoc networks
From: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>
To: jw2000@excite.com
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my original response was perhaps a bit tart.

CVS= concurrent version system.  No, not a URL and not a mailing list. 
CVS is commonly used by distributed developments to keep the code base
consistent -- FreeBSD and Linux developments are a couple good examples
where there are dozens of people working on various parts of the OS. 
CVS keeps the discipline.  It's evolved from the venerable unix RCS and
SCCS (source code control system).
	CVS, under the hood, has a directory with base files and then a bunch
of deltas to those files -- the 'current' file version may not actually
exist.  

rsynch is a unix command (smaller scale than CVS which is several
commands).  shorthand for remote synchronization.  You put an rsynch
host on the network, work on a client, and then rsynch the target
directory to the host.  Updates.  More sophisticated than a raw backup
-- it only changes the things that changed (files with date changes and
inside them only the changes, not the whole file).  


Both of these command sets work fine for maintaining consistency across
text files (they're most heavily used for computer code).  Work fine for
a distributed document editing exercise -- particularly if you're
editing in, say, HTML rather than Word (or, perish, PowerPoint).  They
don't work as well for binary files (incrementals are hard to ID). 

WRT manet issues, the salient drawback is that these are both
centralized -- there has to be a central CVS or rsynch host.   

On Sat, 2003-08-23 at 07:55, Jack Wang wrote:
> Could you please tell me the URL of the two lists?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Jack
> 
> 
> 
> 
>  --- On Fri 08/22, Rex Buddenberg < budden@nps.navy.mil > wrote:
> From: Rex Buddenberg [mailto: budden@nps.navy.mil]
> To: roybiv@hotmail.com
>      Cc: manet@ietf.org
> Date: 22 Aug 2003 08:54:51 -0700
> Subject: Re: [manet] Replication in wireless ad hoc networks
> 
> you're on the wrong list; look up 'cvs' and 'rsynch'<br><br>On Fri, 2003-08-22 at 02:36, Alistair Harris wrote:<br>> Hello everyone,<br>> I'm a new research student focussing on broadly on the area of data <br>> replication in wireless ad hoc networks. Specifically, I would like to <br>> investigate issues concerning the management of mutiple copies of a document <br>> and the subsequent requirement to reconcile any changes to produce a 'final' <br>> document.<br>> <br>> I would like to know if anyone is doing related work in this area or know of <br>> any good sources of information.<br>> <br>> Thanks<br>> <br>> Regards<br>> <br>> _________________________________________________________________<br>> Find a cheaper internet access deal - choose one to suit you. <br>> http://www.msn.co.uk/internetaccess<br>> <br>> <br>> _______________________________________________<br>> manet mailing list<br>> manet@ietf.org<br>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet<br>-- <br>b<b!
 r>!
>  <br><br>_______________________________________________<br>manet mailing list<br>manet@ietf.org<br>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet<br>
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Join Excite! - http://www.excite.com
> The most personalized portal on the Web!
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
-- 
b


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To: <yasser.lotfy@lycos.com>, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
Date: Tue, 9 Sep 2003 18:09:57 +0900
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Hi, Yasser.
Please, see my further comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Yasser A. Lotfy [mailto:yasser.lotfy@lycos.com] 
> Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 2003 2:51 AM
> To: manet@ietf.org; jafy@etri.re.kr
> Subject: RE: [manet] The Problem of Alien Node
> 
> 
> 
> Hi Manish,
> you are generaly right, please read my comments below.
> yasser

You made a big mistake. I am not Manish, but Hyunwook. :-)

> > 2) By registration I mean that an alien node (a node that
> > doesn't follow the MANET_PREFIX address) will have to 
> > register it's address with the gateway. Then periodically 
> > refresh this registration, otherwise, the gateway will 
> > periodically remove unrefreshed registration. In this way, 
> > The gateway will have to check destination address of pkts, 
> > and forward out of the network only pkts with unregistered 
> > address at alien table. In case of partition, the 
> > registration will be removed after a while. In multiple 
> > gateways, all of them will receive the registration msg.
> 
> Because of frequent partitioning in MANET, you cannot 
> guarantee that all nodes with static global ip can 
> register its address with all gateways.
> 
> [Yasser] Not really, all gateways reachable by destination 
> will be updated by alien node registration in timely manner 
> (please re-read).

Yeah, I read your explanation again. 
But I don't agree for the same reason. 
Although all gateways reachable by destination will be updated by alien
node registration in timely manner, 
partitioning in the MANET can cause the expiration of "registration
entry" for the dst in some of the gateways.
Then, "The Alien node problem" may happen again.

 
> Basically, I do not think that "the registaration" you meant 
> is not essential for the reason which is mentioned 
> repeatedly. I think route informations obtained by routing 
> protocols and ICMP messages are enough for "the alien node problem".
> For the communication between a manet node and Internet one, 
> I propose a manet node registers its permanent(or quite 
> stable) ip with MANET_PREFIX and its dynamically configured 
> global IP with prefix from a gateway with the corresponding gateway. 
> As I said in the previouse reply, this information can be 
> useful for incoming traffic from Internet to MANET.
> What do you think about this?
> 
> [Yasser] I agree, and believe manet node has to register with 
> all reachable gateways, not with a selected one. 

Registration that I mentioned is different from your scheme in following
points.
What does a manet node register with Which gateway?
In my "registration", a node registers keyed address i.e one with
MANET_PREFIX and its autoconfigured global IP with the gateway 
who advertised the prefix of the global IP or assigned the global IP.
This is very natural with stateful IP autoconfiguration.
But in your scheme, a manet node registers its static global IP with all
reachable gateways.

"The Alien Node Problem" you defined arises because of the usage of
static global IPs which are indistinguishable from globally routable
global IPs in MANETs.
IMO, global ip assigned to a manet node should be verified as unique
like those assigned to non-manet nodes,
because global IPs which are statically assinged without considering
"duplidate address problem" can cause DoS atteck unintentionally in
MANET with Internet connectivity.
Please think about this case. Src node wants to communicate with an
Internet server and address of another node is set to a static global IP
which is same as the Internet server. Then, the traffic from src to the
Internet server may be intercepted if src obtains host route for
destination address through RREQ of the manet node possessing same 
address or any other means and src can not receive the service of the
server any more.
In order to avoid this problem, DAD for any global IP assigned to a
manet node should be performed no matter how the address may assinged,
too.
In case of autoconfigured global IPs and HoA of MIP-node, DAD is
required to be performed.
IMO, manet node in MANET with Internet connectivity should not use
static global IP except that it is MIP-node and static address is HoA
since DAD for the static global IP
can not be done.
If we consider only MANET without Internet connectivity, DAD for any
address can be performed in the same way i.e strong DAD, weak DAD etc.
Then, what will happen when some nodes running routing protocol daemon
which supports Internet connectivity and other nodes running daemon
which does not coexist in MANET? 
Let's assume that node D in latter group is given a static global IP. 
Although its ip is unique in latter group, an Internet node D'
communicating with node S in former group may have same ip. 
Then, the route entry for D' in S can be overwritten with the host route
info for D by RREQ, RREP etc.
How can we solve this problem? What do you think about this?

Regards,

Hyunwook Cha.


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Subject: [manet] Problem installing tk8.3.2
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Hi guys,

    I have downloaded tk8.3.2.tar.gz and tried to install it in my
machine. However, I met the following problem when I tried to
configure tk8.3.2:

checking for X... (cached) no
checking for X11 header files... couldn't find any!
checking for X11 libraries... checking for XCreateWindow in -lXwindow...
(cached) no
couldn't find any!  Using -lX11.

     And when I tried to make the files, the following error appeared:
 ...
 ...
{standard input}: Assembler messages:
{standard input}:661: Error: symbol `dy' is already defined
{standard input}:667: Error: symbol `dx' is already defined
{standard input}:714: Error: symbol `q' is already defined
{standard input}:720: Error: symbol `p' is already defined
{standard input}:726: Error: symbol `q' is already defined
{standard input}:732: Error: symbol `q' is already defined
make: *** [tk3d.o] Error 1

      I guess the problem is with the X11 header files and libraries that
I failed to find... But I don't know how to solve this problem.
Forget to mention that my system is running on Redhat Linux 9.0.
X11R6 folder is under /usr. There is a symbolic link named X11 in
/usr/lib. Really need help badly! Thanks in advance!


regards,
inn inn




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From: ogier@erg.sri.com
Subject: Re: [manet] Comments on draft-jelger 
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Date: Fri, 12 Sep 2003 13:09:41 -0700


Christophe and all,

(I tried to post this message a few days ago but there was
a problem with the list server.)

I noticed that your message was not posted to the manet list
even though you copied the list. However, your original message
is included in this reply.

> Richard and all,
> 
> I think your assumtions make sense, but there is just one thing you don't 
> mention. If prefix continuity is maintained, it creates more coherence in the 
> topological (and geographical) organization of the network, i.e. "islands" of 
> sub-networks. I personaly appreciate this feature and think that most people 
> running a network would prefer something organized that something "messy".

I agree that prefix continuity has some advantages, but it also 
has some disadvantages. As discussed below, I think it is contrary 
to the consensus of previous discussions on the manet list because 
it does not allow intra-manet routing to a destination having a 
different prefix (i.e., to reach a different prefix island, the 
packet must go through a gateway).

> Now about the routing header ... I don't fully understand your point, 
> particularly why you need routing header in 2 but not in 1. Personnaly I think 
> you could get rid of the routing header in both cases, by using the link-local 
> address of the neighbor towards the gateway as the next hop for the default 
> route. But honestly I haven't really thought about that, so I may be missing 
> something.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Christophe

(Note: This is the end of Christophe Jelger's comments. The message 
that he is replying to appears at the end of this email.)

This problem regarding the routing header was discussed in a post by 
Guillaume Chelius on 22 July 2002.  Note that a packet sent on the 
default route without a packet header does not contain any information 
about the default gateway.  (In solution 2 [see below] the default 
gateway is required to have the same prefix as the source node.)
Thus, if prefix continuity is not maintained, the source router might 
have default gateway GW1, while the next hop on the shortest path to 
GW1 might have default gateway GW2 (which could result in a loop, 
or could send the packet to the wrong gateway).

Therefore, since solution 2 requires a routing header for default
routing, and solution 3 requires prefix continuity, my opinion is
that solution 1 is the best approach, which simply finds the
shortest path to each other manet node, including each gateway,
and allows a node to select any nearby gateway (and use its prefix).

I think it is best to use a solution that does not require using 
a routing header except for special cases.  OSPF does not require 
a routing header for routing to an external network, so why should 
we require one? (Also, this allows the manet routing protocol to 
be an extension of OSPF.)

I would like to make a few more points. Your method (which uses a
DSDV-like protocol to select a gateway and maintain prefix continuity)
results in default routing that does not use the min-hop path to the
default gateway (since the min-hop path might use intermediate nodes
having a different prefix), and therefore is not consistent with a
proactive min-hop routing protocol, unless the routing protocol is
restricted to finding routes only within each prefix island.
For example, to reach a manet node in another prefix island (even if 
the other node is only 2 hops away), your method would send the packet 
to the default gateway. I think this is contrary to previous discussions 
on the manet list (e.g., if there is a manet node 2 hops away, the 
packet should be routed along a 2-hop path within the manet, even if 
the node has a different prefix).

Another point I want to make has been made before on this list.
On 22 July 2002 Guillaume Chelius wrote:

> My opinion is that we should not split the gateway advertisement mechanism from
> the routing protocol. It is the protocol responsability to propose a mechanism
> which allows a node to discover gateways and to manage routes between nodes to
> gateways.

I completely agree with this. For example, assuming that a proactive
routing protocol is used, there is no need to introduce a DSDV-like
mechanism to provide gateway information to the manet nodes, when the
routing protocol can provide this information to the manet nodes.
If prefix continuity is desired, the routing protocol can be modified to
achieve this (e.g., by computing a source tree for each known prefix
and having a node change its prefix only when it does not have
a path to a gateway with the same prefix).

Similarly, a multi-hop extension of NDP as described in
draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt should not be necessary since the
routing protocol can and should provide the required information to the
manet nodes in a timely, efficient manner.
(If it doesn't, then the routing protocol needs to be improved.)

The only reason to have a separate mechanism to advertise gateway
information is if one wanted to do this proactively, even though the
underlying routing protocol is reactive. In this case, I think that
either

(a) the separate mechanism would be used ONLY with the reactive protocol, or

(b) the mechanism would really be a reduced version of the proactive
    protocol, which maintains routes only to and from each gateway.

Regards,
Richard
    

> 
> Quoting ogier@erg.sri.com:
> 
> > 
> > To Christophe and all,
> > 
> > I thought more about the solution in your draft, and the benefits 
> > of "prefix continuity".  One of the benefits of prefix continuity 
> > that I did not consider before is that it allows hop-by-hop default 
> > routing, without using a routing header to specify the gateway.
> > (This is because the default next-hop router has the same prefix 
> > and thus has a consistent default route.)
> > 
> > Also, I understand that your method minimizes the number of prefix 
> > changes, given that you want to maintain prefix continuity.  
> > (For example, it requires fewer changes than if a manet node was 
> > required to always select a nearest gateway and use its prefix.)  
> > I think it would be better to allow changing the prefix if 
> > another gateway becomes *much* closer, but my main point in
> > this message is whether or not prefix continuity should be
> > required.
> > 
> > I see three possible solutions, depending on whether prefix continuity 
> > is required, and on whether a packet routed to the internet must go 
> > thru a gateway having the same prefix as the sender.
> > I hope people will comment on which of these three solution
> > is preferable, and whether any of them (particularly the first one)
> > is unacceptable.  
> > 
> > 1. The default route always uses the nearest gateway, regardless of
> >    its prefix. Prefix continuity is not maintained.
> > 
> >   Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is easy (without routing header).
> >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> >     maintain prefix continuity.
> >   Drawback: Gateway prefix may be different from sender prefix,
> >     which could cause a problem with source address filtering, and 
> >     the reverse route could go thru a different gateway with a 
> >     different prefix. (Are these drawbacks acceptable?)
> > 
> > 2. The default route is required to use a gateway with the same prefix 
> >    as the sending node, even if there is a closer gateway, but prefix
> >    continuity is not maintained. 
> > 
> >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> >     maintain prefix continuity.
> >   Drawback: A routing header (to reach gateway) is required for default 
> >     routing.  Hop-by-hop default routing is not possible.
> >    
> > 3. Same as 2, but prefix continuity is maintained.
> > 
> >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> >   Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible (without routing header).
> >   Drawback: A manet node may need to change its prefix to maintain
> >     prefix continuity, unlike the first two solutions.
> > 
> > In my opinion, the first solution is best if it is OK to route
> > the packet thru a gateway with a different prefix, otherwise the 
> > second solution is best if using a routing header is not considered
> > a significant drawback, otherwise the third solution is best.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Richard
> > 
> > 
> 
> 
> 

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Subject: [manet] Mobility visualization tool for ad-hoc networks
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Hello,

we have published a tool which visualizes the mobility of ad-hoc
networks.

In contrast to other visualization tools, our tool uses directly the
output of 'setdest' and allows so to get a feeling how the nodes will
move in simulation. We think it is interesting to get an idea of the
mobility pattern before performing simulations.

The tool is written in Java. You can download the tool from our website=20

http://www.adhoc-nets.de -> Download

The zip-file contains also two example scenario files.

We will extent the tool to evaluate the mobility scenarios.



sincerely

Mesut G=FCne=BA

-----------------------------------------------------------------
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     /:/ / /:/\:\ \   Mesut G=FCnes
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   /:/ / /:/ / _\/_/  Department of Computer Science         =20
  /:/ / /:/ / /\_\    Informatik 4          =20
 _\/_/ /:/ / /:/ /    RWTH-Aachen          =20
/\ \  /:/ / /:/ /               =20
\:\ \/:/ / /:/ /      Office: 4108A         =20
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            \::/ /      =20
            /::\ \    email: guenes@informatik.rwth-aachen.de
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Sep 20 09:51:35 2003
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Richard / all,

Just to quickly reply to your comment below (part of your previous email).
I'm afraid that your point is not correct, as with our proposal we don't use
the gateway information to create a default route with reactive protocols.
It is stated in the draft that we don't use a default route with reactive
protocols because it prevents the protocol from being reactive (there is a
default route!) and, as you state, it can prevent the use of shortest-path
route.

Of course, if the gateway is closer than the destination (which is in a
different subnet), then the gateway will answer first and direct (maybe
shorter) routing is not achieved. Waiting for some more time to select a
(maybe possible) best answer is a solution, but it introduces a longe delay
to establish the route, and many times the node will wait for nothing if
there is no direct route. But this problem is the same with all proposals.

For proactive the problem does not exist, as a node will have a view of the
entire adhoc topology and will use the direct route to join an adhoc node
with a different prefix (i.e. there will a /128 route for this destination
in the routing table).

Regards,
Christophe

>
> I would like to make a few more points. Your method (which uses a
> DSDV-like protocol to select a gateway and maintain prefix continuity)
> results in default routing that does not use the min-hop path to the
> default gateway (since the min-hop path might use intermediate nodes
> having a different prefix), and therefore is not consistent with a
> proactive min-hop routing protocol, unless the routing protocol is
> restricted to finding routes only within each prefix island.
> For example, to reach a manet node in another prefix island (even if
> the other node is only 2 hops away), your method would send the packet
> to the default gateway. I think this is contrary to previous discussions
> on the manet list (e.g., if there is a manet node 2 hops away, the
> packet should be routed along a 2-hop path within the manet, even if
> the node has a different prefix).
>


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Date: 12 Sep 2003 13:22:44 -0000

dear friends,

i would like to do research on MANET . Kindly give your valuable 
sugessions. thanks


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From: Sumeeth Nagaraj <snagaraj@ee.ualberta.ca>
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Date: Thu, 11 Sep 2003 14:22:59 -0600 (MDT)

Hi all, 

I was wondering how CSMA works for spread spectrum systems- a physical 
layer perspective or any pointers  would be great. 

Best regards,
Sumeeth


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Subject: [manet] help on 802.11
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Date: Mon, 15 Sep 2003 10:46:43 +0950
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Hi  all

I am working on the effect of RTS and CTS of 802.11 in ad hoc network using=
 NS2. I read some papers and their results on the effect or RTS/CTS are c=
ontroversial...Some said having RTS/CTS improved the performance. Others =
said the opposite.

Can anyone tell me how to turn on/off the RTS/CTS operation in 802.11.

>From my understanding through the first look of the code, there is no mecha=
nism. However, I might be wrong...If this is the case, what can I do to t=
urn it off...

Cheers 
Peter Pham
Peter Phuc Pham
University of South Australia
Institute for Telecommunication Research
Phone: 61-883023869
Email: ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au
WWW:   www.itr.unisa.edu.au/~ppham

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Sep 20 09:51:58 2003
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Date: Fri, 12 Sep 2003 14:58:27 -0500 (CDT)

Hi,

I'm doing research in intrusion detection in ad hoc networks. Basically
what I'm doing is to collect some data and then make a classifier to
distinguish benign behaviors from intrusion.

Due to the fact that we don't have access to a real ad hoc network,
the only way for me to obtain data is to do some simulation. Based on the
fact that real data is much more meaningful than simulated data,
I'm wondering if there is a way for me to get some real data?
It would also be fine if the data are not related to security stuff...

I'd be very grateful if you can refer me to something...

Regards,

Bin Lu


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Date: Tue, 16 Sep 2003 14:33:23 -0700 (PDT)


Hi,

Just a reminder - the IRTF ANS meeting will be held
this Thursday at 5:30pm in the main Mobicom conference
room.  Please try to read the draft written by 
Zygmunt Haas before this meeting so that we can discuss
it.

Elizabeth


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From: Ali Nabi Zadeh <anabizad@osf1.gmu.edu>
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Subject: [manet] MPLS2003 Call for participation
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Apologies if you receive multiple copies of this Call-For-Participation.

Sincerely,
Ali Nabi Zadeh.



======================================
MPLS 2003 International Conference
Omni Shoreham Hotel, Washington D.C.
October 26-28, 2003
======================================
    http://www.mpls2003.com 
======================================
You are cordially invited to attend the MPLS 2003 International
Conference to be held in Washington D.C. October 26-28, 2003. The 3-day
event consists of highly technical sessions, tutorials, panel
discussions, and exhibits.

Registration for the conference is now open. Early registration
discounts are extremely lucrative and are valid for a limited time only.
To register, go to:

 http://www.mpls2003.com/registration.htm

A limited number of rooms are available at the Omni Shoreham Hotel at
special rates for conference attendees. We suggest you make your
reservation as soon as possible, since October is typically a busy
period for hotels in Washington DC. Please MAKE SURE THAT YOU IDENTIFY
YOURSELVES AS CONFERENCE ATTENDEES TO RECEIVE THE REDUCED RATES.

Important Dates:
---------------------
- Early Registration Rates Cut-Off Date: September 30
- Tutorials: October 26, 9:00am - 5:30 pm
- Conference sessions: October 27-28, 8:45am-6:30pm
- Exhibits: October 27-28, 8:45am-6:30pm

Program (visit http://mpls2003.com/sessions.htm for details):

Sunday October 26
------------------
 Tutorial 1: Introduction to MPLS
 Tutorial 2: VPNs
 Tutorial 3: Layer 2 VPNs/VPLS
 Tutorial 4: MPLS Security

Monday October 27
------------------
 Opening remarks - Peter Hill (BellSouth Telecommunications) & Dr. Hamid
Ahmadi (AT&T Labs)  Introduction - Luca Martini (Level3 Communications)
Keynote

 Session: Convergence (Service Provider's Perspective)
  - What is the Role of MPLS in Network Convergence? - R. Spencer, BT
  - MPLS Convergence Strategies - R. Moignard, France Telecom
  - MPLS: The Catalyst of Convergence? - C. Masiero, Equant

 Session: OAM
  - New Developments in MPLS and IP OAM - G. Swallow, Cisco Systems
  - Network Management of MPLS-based VPNs - K. Melden, Juniper Networks
  - MPLS Convergence, Control and OAM Implications - D. Allan, Nortel
Networks
  - Service OA&M for MPLS VPNs - V. Kompella, Alcatel

 Session: Layer 2 Transport & Interworking over MPLS
  - VPLS - Remember LANE? - A. Sayeed, Cisco Systems
  - High Availability for MPLS LSRs - K. Kompella, Juniper Networks
  - Transitioning a Profitable Service Portfolio to an MPLS Core Network
  - M. Nielsen, Lucent Technologies
  - VPLS Provisioning, Performance and Scalability: Problems and
Solutions
  - V. Radoaca, Nortel Networks

 Session: L2/L3 VPNs
  - BGP-VPN Services: Lessons Learned - R. Bonica, MCI
  - Design and Deploy Scalable Inter-AS MPLS VPNs - L. Fang, AT&T
  - L2-MPLS Networks - Y. Sato, NTT Communications
  - MPLS in Multi-AS Networks - R. Doukov, Flag Telecom

 PANEL: MPLS as a Fusing Technology
  - Chair: P. Hill, VP Technology Planning & Deployment, BellSouth
Telecommunications
  - Members: D. McDysan (MCI), C. Kalmanek (ATT), R. Delavenne
(LambdaNet), R. Wilder (Masergy), R. Doukov (Flag Telecom), McManus
(Verizon), C. Liljenstolpe (Cable & Wireless), Y. Sato (NTT)


Tuesday, October 28
-------------------
 Keynote
 Lessons Learned - Yakov Rekhter (Juniper Networks)
 Critical Issues for Network Consolidation - Daniel Awduche (MCI)

 Session: Reliability
  - Next Generation Core Routers: Defining IP Reliability and Resiliency
  - L. Mamakos, Hyperchip
  - High Resiliency MPLS Network Design - S. Poretsky, Avici Systems
  - Hardening MPLS-based Networks - S. Vogelsang, Laurel Networks

 Session: IP Optical Integration
  - Optical Market Forces on GMPLS - K. Sage, Cisco Systems
  - Multiservice Metro Networks in Sweden and Their Plans to Go GMPLS -
L. Andersson
  - Photonic Internet Laboratory: New Challenges for Future Photonic
Network
- N. Yamanaka, NTT
  - Generalized VPNs (GVPNs) - H. Ould-Brahim, Nortel Networks

 Session: New MPLS Features
  - Scalable Multicast MPLS Technology for Next Generation Broadband
Services Network - S. Yasukawa, NTT
  - Multicast Traffic Engineering with MPLS - R. Aggarwal, Juniper
Networks
  - LDP Fast Convergence - A. Atlas, Avici Systems
  - How to secure an MPLS/VPN network - M. Behringer, Cisco Systems
  - Integration of IPv6 and IPv6 VPN Services over MPLS - F. Le
Faucheur, Cisco Systems

 Session: Traffic Engineering
  - Inter-area and Inter-AS MPLS Traffic Engineering - JP Vasseur, Cisco
Systems
  - Traffic Engineering in Hierarchical Multiprovider Networks - G.
Apostolopoulos, Redback Networks
  - Multi-Region (multiarea/multiAS) Traffic Engineering - A. Ayyangar,
Juniper Networks
  - Advanced MPLS Application Testing - B. Miller, IXIA

 Session: Service & Provisioning Issues
  - MPLS Network Management: Enterprise Deployment Management - T.
Nadeau, Cisco Systems
  - Attracting New Enterprise Customers with MPLS VPN Services - D.
Christophe, Lucent Technologies
  - MPLS Beyond Service Provider Cores - A. Malis, Tellabs
  - Critical Quality of Service Issues in MPLS Networks - J. Brayley,
Laurel Networks
  - Practical Implementation of Tools Allied to the Network Management
of IP/MPLS-based Networks - P. Beaumont, WANDL

We look forward to seeing you at the Conference.





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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Sep 20 10:41:59 2003
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Dear sir,

I want to know if rounting protocols manage the partition (disconnection) in ad hoc network ?

Best regard.

------------------------------------------

Faites un voeu et puis Voila ! www.voila.fr 



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Date: Wed, 10 Sep 2003 09:34:24 +0200


Apologies if you receive multiple copies of this mail!

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Dear Colleague,

We would like to let you that the submission deadline for 

   The 5th European Wireless Conference (EW2004) 
      "Mobile and Wireless Systems beyond 3G"
               February 24-27, 2004
  Hosted at Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) - Barcelona, Spain

has been extended to 17th of September, 2003.

All the details about the conference can be found at:
 http://www.ac.upc.es/EW2004

Best regards,
     EW2004 organizing committee.

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Hi all

In order to provide global connectivity in manet, DNS Discovery
should be considered at this area.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-park-manet-dns-discovery-globa
lv6-00.txt
Originally, my intent is from the draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt


Any comments ?


Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics





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<P><FONT size=2>Hi all<BR><BR>In order to provide global connectivity in manet, 
DNS Discovery<BR>should be considered at this area.<BR><A 
href="http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-park-manet-dns-discovery-globalv6-00.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-park-manet-dns-discovery-globalv6-00.txt</A><BR>Originally, 
my intent is from the draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt<BR><BR><BR>Any 
comments ?<BR><BR><BR>Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)<BR>Mobile Platform 
Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics<BR><BR><BR></FONT></P></BODY></HTML>

--Boundary_(ID_DPO3oMJwEiFgERtrL1uUcg)--

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Date: Wed, 17 Sep 2003 08:15:31 +0900

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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Hi all

In order to provide global connectivity in manet, DNS Discovery
should be considered at this area.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-park-manet-dns-discovery-globa
lv6-00.txt
Originally, my intent is from the draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt


Any comments ?



Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics





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<P><FONT size=2>Hi all<BR><BR>In order to provide global connectivity in manet, 
DNS Discovery<BR>should be considered at this area.<BR><A 
href="http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-park-manet-dns-discovery-globalv6-00.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-park-manet-dns-discovery-globalv6-00.txt</A><BR>Originally, 
my intent is from the draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt<BR><BR><BR>Any 
comments ?<BR><BR><BR><BR>Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)<BR>Mobile Platform 
Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics<BR><BR><BR></FONT></P></BODY></HTML>

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Sep 20 10:42:11 2003
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To: jelger@clarinet.u-strasbg.fr
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From: ogier@erg.sri.com
Subject: Re: [manet] Comments on draft-jelger 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 07 Sep 2003 05:14:58 +0200."
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Date: Wed, 10 Sep 2003 15:56:07 -0700


Christophe and all,

I noticed that your message was not posted to the manet list
even though you copied the list. However, your original message
is included in this reply.

> Richard and all,
> 
> I think your assumtions make sense, but there is just one thing you don't 
> mention. If prefix continuity is maintained, it creates more coherence in the 
> topological (and geographical) organization of the network, i.e. "islands" of 
> sub-networks. I personaly appreciate this feature and think that most people 
> running a network would prefer something organized that something "messy".

I agree that prefix continuity has some advantages, but it also 
has some disadvantages. As discussed below, I think it is contrary 
to the consensus of previous discussions on the manet list because 
it does not allow intra-manet routing to a destination having a 
different prefix (i.e., to reach a different prefix island, the 
packet must go through a gateway).

> Now about the routing header ... I don't fully understand your point, 
> particularly why you need routing header in 2 but not in 1. Personnaly I think 
> you could get rid of the routing header in both cases, by using the link-local 
> address of the neighbor towards the gateway as the next hop for the default 
> route. But honestly I haven't really thought about that, so I may be missing 
> something.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Christophe

(Note: This is the end of Christophe Jelger's comments. The message 
that he is replying to appears at the end of this email.)

This problem regarding the routing header was discussed in a post by 
Guillaume Chelius on 22 July 2002.  Note that a packet sent on the 
default route without a packet header does not contain any information 
about the default gateway.  (In method 2, the default gateway is 
required to have the same prefix as the source node.)
Thus, if prefix continuity is not maintained, the source router might 
have default gateway GW1, while the next hop on the shortest path to 
GW1 might have default gateway GW2 (which could result in a loop, 
or could send the packet to the wrong gateway).

Therefore, since solution 2 requires a routing header for default
routing, and solution 3 requires prefix continuity, my opinion is
that solution 1 is the best approach, which simply finds the
shortest path to each other manet node, including each gateway,
and allows a node to select any nearby gateway (and use its prefix).

I think it is best to use a solution that does not require using 
a routing header except for special cases.  OSPF does not require 
a routing header for routing to an external network, so why should 
we require one? (Also, this allows the manet routing protocol to 
be an extension of OSPF.)

I would like to make a few more points. Your method (which uses a
DSDV-like protocol to select a gateway and maintain prefix continuity)
results in default routing that does not use the min-hop path to the
default gateway (since the min-hop path might use intermediate nodes
having a different prefix), and therefore is not consistent with a
proactive min-hop routing protocol, unless the routing protocol is
restricted to finding routes only within each prefix island.
For example, to reach a manet node in another prefix island (even if 
the other node is only 2 hops away), your method would send the packet 
to the default gateway. I think this is contrary to previous discussions 
on the manet list (e.g., if there is a manet node 2 hops away, the 
packet should be routed along a 2-hop path within the manet, even if 
the node has a different prefix).

Another point I want to make has been made before on this list.
On 22 July 2002 Guillaume Chelius wrote:

> My opinion is that we should not split the gateway advertisement mechanism from
> the routing protocol. It is the protocol responsability to propose a mechanism
> which allows a node to discover gateways and to manage routes between nodes to
> gateways.

I completely agree with this. For example, assuming that a proactive
routing protocol is used, there is no need to introduce a DSDV-like
mechanism to provide gateway information to the manet nodes, when the
routing protocol can provide this information to the manet nodes.
If prefix continuity is desired, the routing protocol can be modified to
achieve this (e.g., by computing a source tree for each known prefix
and having a node change its prefix only when it does not have
a path to a gateway with the same prefix).

Similarly, a multi-hop extension of NDP as described in
draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt should not be necessary since the
routing protocol can and should provide the required information to the
manet nodes in a timely, efficient manner.
(If it doesn't, then the routing protocol needs to be improved.)

The only reason to have a separate mechanism to advertise gateway
information is if one wanted to do this proactively, even though the
underlying routing protocol is reactive. In this case, I think that
either

(a) the separate mechanism would be used ONLY with the reactive protocol, or

(b) the mechanism would really be a reduced version of the proactive
    protocol, which maintains routes only to and from each gateway.

Regards,
Richard
    

> 
> Quoting ogier@erg.sri.com:
> 
> > 
> > To Christophe and all,
> > 
> > I thought more about the solution in your draft, and the benefits 
> > of "prefix continuity".  One of the benefits of prefix continuity 
> > that I did not consider before is that it allows hop-by-hop default 
> > routing, without using a routing header to specify the gateway.
> > (This is because the default next-hop router has the same prefix 
> > and thus has a consistent default route.)
> > 
> > Also, I understand that your method minimizes the number of prefix 
> > changes, given that you want to maintain prefix continuity.  
> > (For example, it requires fewer changes than if a manet node was 
> > required to always select a nearest gateway and use its prefix.)  
> > I think it would be better to allow changing the prefix if 
> > another gateway becomes *much* closer, but my main point in
> > this message is whether or not prefix continuity should be
> > required.
> > 
> > I see three possible solutions, depending on whether prefix continuity 
> > is required, and on whether a packet routed to the internet must go 
> > thru a gateway having the same prefix as the sender.
> > I hope people will comment on which of these three solution
> > is preferable, and whether any of them (particularly the first one)
> > is unacceptable.  
> > 
> > 1. The default route always uses the nearest gateway, regardless of
> >    its prefix. Prefix continuity is not maintained.
> > 
> >   Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is easy (without routing header).
> >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> >     maintain prefix continuity.
> >   Drawback: Gateway prefix may be different from sender prefix,
> >     which could cause a problem with source address filtering, and 
> >     the reverse route could go thru a different gateway with a 
> >     different prefix. (Are these drawbacks acceptable?)
> > 
> > 2. The default route is required to use a gateway with the same prefix 
> >    as the sending node, even if there is a closer gateway, but prefix
> >    continuity is not maintained. 
> > 
> >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> >     maintain prefix continuity.
> >   Drawback: A routing header (to reach gateway) is required for default 
> >     routing.  Hop-by-hop default routing is not possible.
> >    
> > 3. Same as 2, but prefix continuity is maintained.
> > 
> >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> >   Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible (without routing header).
> >   Drawback: A manet node may need to change its prefix to maintain
> >     prefix continuity, unlike the first two solutions.
> > 
> > In my opinion, the first solution is best if it is OK to route
> > the packet thru a gateway with a different prefix, otherwise the 
> > second solution is best if using a routing header is not considered
> > a significant drawback, otherwise the third solution is best.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Richard
> > 
> > 
> 
> 
> 

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From: "Apichet Chayabejara" <apichet@shiratori.riec.tohoku.ac.jp>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Cc: "Peter Pham" <nppham@myrealbox.com>
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Subject: Re: [manet] help on 802.11
Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2003 08:31:54 +0900
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Dear Pham,

IEEE 802.11 only applies RTS/CTS handshakes to frames larger than
RTSThreshold. So an easy way to turn it of is to set the RTSThreshold to a
very large value. You may have to take a look in mac-802_11.h.

Hope it helps.
Apichet.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Peter Pham" <nppham@myrealbox.com>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, September 15, 2003 9:56 AM
Subject: [manet] help on 802.11


Hi  all

I am working on the effect of RTS and CTS of 802.11 in ad hoc network using
NS2. I read some papers and their results on the effect or RTS/CTS are
controversial...Some said having RTS/CTS improved the performance. Others
said the opposite.

Can anyone tell me how to turn on/off the RTS/CTS operation in 802.11.

>From my understanding through the first look of the code, there is no
mechanism. However, I might be wrong...If this is the case, what can I do to
turn it off...

Cheers
Peter Pham
Peter Phuc Pham
University of South Australia
Institute for Telecommunication Research
Phone: 61-883023869
Email: ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au
WWW:   www.itr.unisa.edu.au/~ppham


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Hi,

In [1], I believe that the RTS, CTS, Data and Ack packets are power
controlled, and not only the Data packets as many people assume.

This can be understood from the following authors statement in [1] "When the
MAC times out while waiting for a CTS or DATA or ACK message from a node, we
increment the transmit power level field by one and update the dr_pwr field"
Thus, since if the MAC times out for a  *CTS*, the node increments the
transmit power level, that means that the *RTS* is sent at a  controlled
transmit power level and not at the maximum power level.

This is quite different  from the approach of PARO in [2], where the RTS/CTS
packets are *always transmitted at maximum power*.

The reason why I bring this up is that many papers refer to the two
approaches as if they similar at the time that they are fundamentally
different. Please correct me if I'm wrong.

[1] Agarwal, S.; Katz, R.H.; Krishnamurthy, S.V.; Dao, S.K.; "Distributed
power control in ad-hoc wireless networks"   in PIMRC'01

[2] Javier Gomez, Andrew T. Campbell, "Conserving Transmission Power in
Wireless Ad Hoc Networks" ,  ICNP'01

Best regards,
Alaa Muqattash

=================================================
Alaa Muqattash
Ph.D. Student & Research Assistant
Broadband Networking Laboratory
Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering
The University of Arizona
Rm. 109, ECE Bldg.
Tucson AZ 85721
Tel  : (520) 626-9249
Fax  : (520) 621-3862
Email : alaa@ece.arizona.edu
Web: http://www.ece.arizona.edu/~alaa/

"Imagination is more important than knowledge"
Albert Einstein
=================================================



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<html><div style='background-color:'><DIV>
<P>Well, </P>
<P>I am also doing my thesis in this feild and i find it a good area for exploration. i am concentrating on Routing Algorithms. tell me your area of interests in this feild</P>
<P>Karun Verma</P>
<P>Punjab Engineering College</P>
<P>Chandigarh(U.T.)<BR><BR></P></DIV><BR><BR><BR>See you 
<DIV></DIV>
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<DIV></DIV>&gt;From: "venkatachalam ramasamy" <RV72@REDIFFMAIL.COM>
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<DIV></DIV>&gt;dear friends, 
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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
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Richard and all,

I have some questions and comments.
Why are you guys thinking that only one gateway should be chosen and
used by a manet node?
If a node has "gw_info"s from multiple gateways, the node can configure
multiple global addresses with prefixes in those infos
in stateless manner as normal IPv6 does.
I think that it is necessary to consider validity of global prefixes or
gw_info as independent of  reachability of corresponding gateways
because the topology of manet is dynamically changeable. 
Please see my inline comments.
 
> 
> I agree that prefix continuity has some advantages, but it also 
> has some disadvantages. As discussed below, I think it is contrary 
> to the consensus of previous discussions on the manet list because 
> it does not allow intra-manet routing to a destination having a 
> different prefix (i.e., to reach a different prefix island, the 
> packet must go through a gateway).
> 

Manet node(sender) should sends its packets using default route (default
gateway) only when it cannot obtain host route for destination.
If destination in a different prefix island is reachable by source,
source node forwards packets using the host route.
        

> > > 
> > > 1. The default route always uses the nearest gateway, 
> regardless of
> > >    its prefix. Prefix continuity is not maintained.
> > > 
> > >   Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is easy (without 
> routing header).
> > >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> > >     maintain prefix continuity.
> > >   Drawback: Gateway prefix may be different from sender prefix,
> > >     which could cause a problem with source address 
> filtering, and 
> > >     the reverse route could go thru a different gateway with a 
> > >     different prefix. (Are these drawbacks acceptable?)
> > > 
> > > 2. The default route is required to use a gateway with 
> the same prefix 
> > >    as the sending node, even if there is a closer 
> gateway, but prefix
> > >    continuity is not maintained.
> > > 
> > >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> > >     maintain prefix continuity.
> > >   Drawback: A routing header (to reach gateway) is 
> required for default 
> > >     routing.  Hop-by-hop default routing is not possible.
> > >    

I want to add an alternative schem for solution 2.
How about source address based forwarding? 
Sender's upper layer chooses one source address with a prefix from a
gw_info when a session is initiated. 
When ad hoc routing module processes packets of the session, 
it firstly looks up routing table and if no host route, forwards towards
corresponding gateway according to source address.
I think this is applicable to intermediate nodes. If an intermediate
node has route entry as well as gw_info of corresponding gateway by any
means, 
it can decide how to forward packets sent to a gateway by sender. 

2.2 source address(prefix) based forwarding
Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to maintain
prefix continuity.
Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible (without routing
header).
Drawback: Unlikely solution 2(using routing header), all nodes including
sender on the path to corresponding gateway must have both gw_info and
route entry for the gateway. 

I think this drawback may degrade performance slightly(?) but this is
also considerable.
  
 > > 3. Same as 2, but prefix continuity is maintained.
> > > 
> > >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > >   Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible 
> (without routing header).
> > >   Drawback: A manet node may need to change its prefix to maintain
> > >     prefix continuity, unlike the first two solutions.
> > > 

Regards,

Hyunwook Cha




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Dear all=20
Thank you very much for your response.=20

I know how to turn on/off RTS/CTS in ns2. However, I have another question.=
 By setting the RTSThreshold to a large value, we "at the beginning" can =
permanently turn on/off RTS/CTS. However, I really want to control the tr=
ansmission of RTS/CTS "on the fly", i.e. I can turn on/off RTS/CTS whenev=
er I want (depending on the traffic condition, and the status of the othe=
r nodes). Is this possible in NS2 ???...

>From my understanding, I just add another control flag and turn on/off the =
flag and modify the code so that in addition of checking the RTSThreshold=
, it will check for that flag before transmitting RTS/CTS...

However, I am worried that it will desrupt the operation of 802.11. =20
Can anyone shed any light on this please.=20

Peter Pham

-----Original Message-----
From: "Frank Li" <fli@unik.no>
To: "Apichet Chayabejara" <apichet@shiratori.riec.tohoku.ac.jp>
Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2003 09:31:30 +0200
Subject: RE: [manet] help on 802.11

Hi Apichet, Pham,

If you set the RTSThreshold to a NOT-very large value, packets smaller that=
 this value will be sent without RTS/CTS while larger packets will still =
be using RTS/CTS in the same network. =20

Frank

-----Original Message-----
From: Apichet Chayabejara [mailto:apichet@shiratori.riec.tohoku.ac.jp]
Sent: 21. september 2003 01:32
To: manet@ietf.org
Cc: Peter Pham
Subject: Re: [manet] help on 802.11


Dear Pham,

IEEE 802.11 only applies RTS/CTS handshakes to frames larger than
RTSThreshold. So an easy way to turn it of is to set the RTSThreshold to a
very large value. You may have to take a look in mac-802_11.h.

Hope it helps.
Apichet.

----- Original Message -----=20
From: "Peter Pham" <nppham@myrealbox.com>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, September 15, 2003 9:56 AM
Subject: [manet] help on 802.11


Hi  all

I am working on the effect of RTS and CTS of 802.11 in ad hoc network using
NS2. I read some papers and their results on the effect or RTS/CTS are
controversial...Some said having RTS/CTS improved the performance. Others
said the opposite.

Can anyone tell me how to turn on/off the RTS/CTS operation in 802.11.

>From my understanding through the first look of the code, there is no
mechanism. However, I might be wrong...If this is the case, what can I do t=
o
turn it off...

Cheers
Peter Pham
Peter Phuc Pham
University of South Australia
Institute for Telecommunication Research
Phone: 61-883023869
Email: ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au
WWW:   www.itr.unisa.edu.au/~ppham


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Peter Phuc Pham
University of South Australia
Institute for Telecommunication Research
Phone: 61-883023869
Email: ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au
WWW:   www.itr.unisa.edu.au/~ppham

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Sep 22 11:12:27 2003
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To: "Christophe Jelger" <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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From: ogier@erg.sri.com
Subject: Re: [manet] Comments on draft-jelger 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 15 Sep 2003 16:10:21 +0200."
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Christophe,

 > Just to quickly reply to your comment below (part of your previous email).
 > I'm afraid that your point is not correct, as with our proposal we don't use
 > the gateway information to create a default route with reactive protocols.
 > It is stated in the draft that we don't use a default route with reactive
 > protocols because it prevents the protocol from being reactive (there is a
 > default route!) and, as you state, it can prevent the use of shortest-path
 > route.

That's fine for reactive routing. I was focusing on proactive routing,
where you *do* propose using the gateway information to maintain
a default route.

<snip>

 > For proactive the problem does not exist, as a node will have a view of the
 > entire adhoc topology and will use the direct route to join an adhoc node
 > with a different prefix (i.e. there will a /128 route for this destination
 > in the routing table).

I wasn't sure whether you wanted to allow direct (intra-manet) routing
between nodes in different prefix islands, so my paragraph that you
refer to considers both cases. Here is the paragraph again:

 > I would like to make a few more points. Your method (which uses a
 > DSDV-like protocol to select a gateway and maintain prefix continuity)
 > results in default routing that does not use the min-hop path to the
 > default gateway (since the min-hop path might use intermediate nodes
 > having a different prefix), and therefore is not consistent with a
 > proactive min-hop routing protocol, UNLESS the routing protocol is
 > restricted to finding routes only within each prefix island.
 > For example, to reach a manet node in another prefix island (even if
 > the other node is only 2 hops away), your method would send the packet
 > to the default gateway. I think this is contrary to previous discussions
 > on the manet list (e.g., if there is a manet node 2 hops away, the
 > packet should be routed along a 2-hop path within the manet, even if
 > the node has a different prefix).

Although it may not have been clear, the example given in the last part
of the paragraph assumes that direct routing is allowed only between
nodes in the same prefix island (the "UNLESS" clause), so of course
it is not valid if direct routing is allowed between different
prefix islands.

But the first part of the paragraph states that if direct routing is
allowed between different prefix islands (the negation of the "UNLESS"
clause), then your method of maintaining a default route for *proactive*
routing is not consistent with the routes computed by the proactive
routing protocol itself, since the proactive routing protocol will
compute the min-hop path to the gateway, even if this path includes
intermediate nodes that belong to a different prefix island.

I'm not sure whether this inconsistency will cause any serious problems,
but one way to avoid it, as I discussed in my previous email, is to
simply let the routing protocol disseminate gateway information and
maintain default routes to gateways (as in OSPF).

(If the goal is to have a common gateway discovery mechanism for both
proactive and reactive routing, I also discussed that in my previous
email, but the gist is that, since the proactive routing protocol
should already provide such a mechanism, it does not make sense to
provide another such mechanism that can be used with both proactive
and reactive routing, unless this common mechanism is already part of
the proactive routing protocol.)

Regards,
Richard


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Hello Hyunwook,

> Richard and all,
> 
> I have some questions and comments.
> Why are you guys thinking that only one gateway should be chosen and
> used by a manet node?
> If a node has "gw_info"s from multiple gateways, the node can configure
> multiple global addresses with prefixes in those infos
> in stateless manner as normal IPv6 does.

I agree.  In fact, I mentioned in my post on 9/1 that
a manet node can select multiple gateways and have
multiple prefixes.  

> I think that it is necessary to consider validity of global prefixes or
> gw_info as independent of  reachability of corresponding gateways
> because the topology of manet is dynamically changeable. 
> Please see my inline comments.
>  
> > 
> > I agree that prefix continuity has some advantages, but it also 
> > has some disadvantages. As discussed below, I think it is contrary 
> > to the consensus of previous discussions on the manet list because 
> > it does not allow intra-manet routing to a destination having a 
> > different prefix (i.e., to reach a different prefix island, the 
> > packet must go through a gateway).
> > 
> 
> Manet node(sender) should sends its packets using default route (default
> gateway) only when it cannot obtain host route for destination.
> If destination in a different prefix island is reachable by source,
> source node forwards packets using the host route.

I agree (and I discussed in my earlier message today).
My above comment was based on the assumption that prefix
continuity divides a manet into autonomous prefix islands/clusters
(like "areas" in OSPF), because frankly I do not see any other 
good reason to maintain prefix continuity.

> > > > 
> > > > 1. The default route always uses the nearest gateway, 
> > regardless of
> > > >    its prefix. Prefix continuity is not maintained.
> > > > 
> > > >   Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is easy (without 
> > routing header).
> > > >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> > > >     maintain prefix continuity.
> > > >   Drawback: Gateway prefix may be different from sender prefix,
> > > >     which could cause a problem with source address 
> > filtering, and 
> > > >     the reverse route could go thru a different gateway with a 
> > > >     different prefix. (Are these drawbacks acceptable?)
> > > > 
> > > > 2. The default route is required to use a gateway with 
> > the same prefix 
> > > >    as the sending node, even if there is a closer 
> > gateway, but prefix
> > > >    continuity is not maintained.
> > > > 
> > > >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > > >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> > > >     maintain prefix continuity.
> > > >   Drawback: A routing header (to reach gateway) is 
> > required for default 
> > > >     routing.  Hop-by-hop default routing is not possible.
> > > >    
> 
> I want to add an alternative schem for solution 2.
> How about source address based forwarding? 
> Sender's upper layer chooses one source address with a prefix from a
> gw_info when a session is initiated. 
> When ad hoc routing module processes packets of the session, 
> it firstly looks up routing table and if no host route, forwards towards
> corresponding gateway according to source address.
> I think this is applicable to intermediate nodes. If an intermediate
> node has route entry as well as gw_info of corresponding gateway by any
> means, 
> it can decide how to forward packets sent to a gateway by sender. 

Absolutely.  This way a packet with no host route is forwarded 
(hop-by-hop) to the nearest gateway having the same prefix as 
the source, without requiring a routing header.
I also considered this, but was concerned about requiring that
source-address-based forwarding be supported. 
If we can assume source-address-based forwarding is supported, and 
if it is important to route to a gateway with the same prefix as
the source, then this is the best solution.

> 
> 2.2 source address(prefix) based forwarding
> Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to maintain
> prefix continuity.
> Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible (without routing
> header).
> Drawback: Unlikely solution 2(using routing header), all nodes including
> sender on the path to corresponding gateway must have both gw_info and
> route entry for the gateway. 
> 
> I think this drawback may degrade performance slightly(?) but this is
> also considerable.

I don't think this "drawback" is a problem, since all intermediate 
nodes on the path to the gateway are closer to the gateway.
If, as I suggested in my previous email, the gateway information
is disseminated by the proactive routing protocol (as in OSPF),
then this is certainly not a drawback.  The only possible drawback 
I see is that source-address-based forwarding is required.
Is this a significant drawback?

Regards,
Richard

>   
>  > > 3. Same as 2, but prefix continuity is maintained.
> > > > 
> > > >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > > >   Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible 
> > (without routing header).
> > > >   Drawback: A manet node may need to change its prefix to maintain
> > > >     prefix continuity, unlike the first two solutions.
> > > > 
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Hyunwook Cha
> 
> 
> 

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> --__--__--
>
> Message: 4
> Subject: Re: RE: [manet] help on 802.11
> From: "Peter Pham" <nppham@myrealbox.com>
> To: fli@unik.no, manet@ietf.org
> CC: apichet@shiratori.riec.tohoku.ac.jp
> Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2003 23:36:11 +0950
>
> Dear all=20
> Thank you very much for your response.=20
>
> I know how to turn on/off RTS/CTS in ns2. However, I have another question.=
>  By setting the RTSThreshold to a large value, we "at the beginning" can =
> permanently turn on/off RTS/CTS. However, I really want to control the tr=
> ansmission of RTS/CTS "on the fly", i.e. I can turn on/off RTS/CTS whenev=
> er I want (depending on the traffic condition, and the status of the othe=
> r nodes). Is this possible in NS2 ???...

Since each packet at L2 is independent from the others RTS/CTS can be
adjusted "on the fly".

>
> >From my understanding, I just add another control flag and turn on/off the =
> flag and modify the code so that in addition of checking the RTSThreshold=
> , it will check for that flag before transmitting RTS/CTS...
>
Yes.. you have to change the code!

> However, I am worried that it will desrupt the operation of 802.11. =20
I don't think so, if your coding is correct MAC won't be desrupted>

Ciao
                            Luigi

> Can anyone shed any light on this please.=20


>
> Peter Pham
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: "Frank Li" <fli@unik.no>
> To: "Apichet Chayabejara" <apichet@shiratori.riec.tohoku.ac.jp>
> Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2003 09:31:30 +0200
> Subject: RE: [manet] help on 802.11
>
> Hi Apichet, Pham,
>
> If you set the RTSThreshold to a NOT-very large value, packets smaller that=
>  this value will be sent without RTS/CTS while larger packets will still =
> be using RTS/CTS in the same network. =20
>
> Frank
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Apichet Chayabejara [mailto:apichet@shiratori.riec.tohoku.ac.jp]
> Sent: 21. september 2003 01:32
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Cc: Peter Pham
> Subject: Re: [manet] help on 802.11
>
>
> Dear Pham,
>
> IEEE 802.11 only applies RTS/CTS handshakes to frames larger than
> RTSThreshold. So an easy way to turn it of is to set the RTSThreshold to a
> very large value. You may have to take a look in mac-802_11.h.
>
> Hope it helps.
> Apichet.
>
> ----- Original Message -----=20
> From: "Peter Pham" <nppham@myrealbox.com>
> To: <manet@ietf.org>
> Sent: Monday, September 15, 2003 9:56 AM
> Subject: [manet] help on 802.11
>
>
> Hi  all
>
> I am working on the effect of RTS and CTS of 802.11 in ad hoc network using
> NS2. I read some papers and their results on the effect or RTS/CTS are
> controversial...Some said having RTS/CTS improved the performance. Others
> said the opposite.
>
> Can anyone tell me how to turn on/off the RTS/CTS operation in 802.11.
>
> >From my understanding through the first look of the code, there is no
> mechanism. However, I might be wrong...If this is the case, what can I do t=
> o
> turn it off...
>
> Cheers
> Peter Pham
> Peter Phuc Pham
> University of South Australia
> Institute for Telecommunication Research
> Phone: 61-883023869
> Email: ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au
> WWW:   www.itr.unisa.edu.au/~ppham
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
> Peter Phuc Pham
> University of South Australia
> Institute for Telecommunication Research
> Phone: 61-883023869
> Email: ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au
> WWW:   www.itr.unisa.edu.au/~ppham
>
>
> --__--__--
>
> Message: 5
> To: "Christophe Jelger" <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
> cc: ogier@erg.sri.com, manet@ietf.org
> Reply-To: ogier@erg.sri.com
> From: ogier@erg.sri.com
> Subject: Re: [manet] Comments on draft-jelger
> Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2003 08:08:28 -0700
>
>
> Christophe,
>
>  > Just to quickly reply to your comment below (part of your previous email).
>  > I'm afraid that your point is not correct, as with our proposal we don't use
>  > the gateway information to create a default route with reactive protocols.
>  > It is stated in the draft that we don't use a default route with reactive
>  > protocols because it prevents the protocol from being reactive (there is a
>  > default route!) and, as you state, it can prevent the use of shortest-path
>  > route.
>
> That's fine for reactive routing. I was focusing on proactive routing,
> where you *do* propose using the gateway information to maintain
> a default route.
>
> <snip>
>
>  > For proactive the problem does not exist, as a node will have a view of the
>  > entire adhoc topology and will use the direct route to join an adhoc node
>  > with a different prefix (i.e. there will a /128 route for this destination
>  > in the routing table).
>
> I wasn't sure whether you wanted to allow direct (intra-manet) routing
> between nodes in different prefix islands, so my paragraph that you
> refer to considers both cases. Here is the paragraph again:
>
>  > I would like to make a few more points. Your method (which uses a
>  > DSDV-like protocol to select a gateway and maintain prefix continuity)
>  > results in default routing that does not use the min-hop path to the
>  > default gateway (since the min-hop path might use intermediate nodes
>  > having a different prefix), and therefore is not consistent with a
>  > proactive min-hop routing protocol, UNLESS the routing protocol is
>  > restricted to finding routes only within each prefix island.
>  > For example, to reach a manet node in another prefix island (even if
>  > the other node is only 2 hops away), your method would send the packet
>  > to the default gateway. I think this is contrary to previous discussions
>  > on the manet list (e.g., if there is a manet node 2 hops away, the
>  > packet should be routed along a 2-hop path within the manet, even if
>  > the node has a different prefix).
>
> Although it may not have been clear, the example given in the last part
> of the paragraph assumes that direct routing is allowed only between
> nodes in the same prefix island (the "UNLESS" clause), so of course
> it is not valid if direct routing is allowed between different
> prefix islands.
>
> But the first part of the paragraph states that if direct routing is
> allowed between different prefix islands (the negation of the "UNLESS"
> clause), then your method of maintaining a default route for *proactive*
> routing is not consistent with the routes computed by the proactive
> routing protocol itself, since the proactive routing protocol will
> compute the min-hop path to the gateway, even if this path includes
> intermediate nodes that belong to a different prefix island.
>
> I'm not sure whether this inconsistency will cause any serious problems,
> but one way to avoid it, as I discussed in my previous email, is to
> simply let the routing protocol disseminate gateway information and
> maintain default routes to gateways (as in OSPF).
>
> (If the goal is to have a common gateway discovery mechanism for both
> proactive and reactive routing, I also discussed that in my previous
> email, but the gist is that, since the proactive routing protocol
> should already provide such a mechanism, it does not make sense to
> provide another such mechanism that can be used with both proactive
> and reactive routing, unless this common mechanism is already part of
> the proactive routing protocol.)
>
> Regards,
> Richard
>
>
>
>
> --__--__--
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>
> End of manet Digest
>

------------------------------------>
Luigi Iannone -  Laboratoire D'Informatique Paris 6
   e.mail:      luigi.iannone@lip6.fr
   Tel:         +33 (0)1 44 27 88 48

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Sep 22 22:16:14 2003
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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: <ogier@erg.sri.com>
Cc: <jelger@clarinet.u-strasbg.fr>, <manet@ietf.org>
Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2003 11:13:19 +0900
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Hi Richard,

Thanks for your reply.
Please see inline comments.

> > > > > 2. The default route is required to use a gateway with
> > > the same prefix
> > > > >    as the sending node, even if there is a closer
> > > gateway, but prefix
> > > > >    continuity is not maintained.
> > > > > 
> > > > >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > > > >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> > > > >     maintain prefix continuity.
> > > > >   Drawback: A routing header (to reach gateway) is
> > > required for default
> > > > >     routing.  Hop-by-hop default routing is not possible.
> > > > >    
> > 
> > I want to add an alternative schem for solution 2.
> > How about source address based forwarding?
> > Sender's upper layer chooses one source address with a prefix from a
> > gw_info when a session is initiated. 
> > When ad hoc routing module processes packets of the session, 
> > it firstly looks up routing table and if no host route, 
> forwards towards
> > corresponding gateway according to source address.
> > I think this is applicable to intermediate nodes. If an intermediate
> > node has route entry as well as gw_info of corresponding 
> gateway by any
> > means, 
> > it can decide how to forward packets sent to a gateway by sender. 
> 
> Absolutely.  This way a packet with no host route is forwarded 
> (hop-by-hop) to the nearest gateway having the same prefix as 
> the source, without requiring a routing header.
> I also considered this, but was concerned about requiring 
> that source-address-based forwarding be supported. 
> If we can assume source-address-based forwarding is supported, and 
> if it is important to route to a gateway with the same prefix 
> as the source, then this is the best solution.
> 

Right. For source address based forwarding, additional search procedures
are needed in intermediate nodes. 
1. lookup of route table for destination (/128)
2. search corresponding gateway with prefix (/64) of source ip in
gateway cache
3. lookup of route table for the gateway found in step 2 (/128) 

In this scheme, another issue is about following case. 
After source node sends packets using default route, an intermediate
node finds host route for destination. 
Then, the node forwards using this route information directly.
I think this is ignorable in proactive routing protocols but how about
reactive protocols?
As long as sender does not find that destination is reachable directly,
this problem can continue.
I think address with MANET_PREFIX is helpful in solving this issue.
If source node intends to forward packets through a gateway, then source
ip of outgoing packets should be with global prefix and  
intermediate nodes forwards packets towards right gateway.
But, if source node intends to forward packets using host route entry,
then source ip of packets should be with MANET_PREFIX, 
intermediate nodes forwards packets using only host route entry for
destination.
If this is applied, above procedure can be reduced to 2 steps.(step 2,
step 3)

As for solution 2 with routing header, only step 1 is preformed. 

> > 
> > 2.2 source address(prefix) based forwarding
> > Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to 
> maintain 
> > prefix continuity.
> > Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible (without routing 
> > header).
> > Drawback: Unlikely solution 2(using routing header), all nodes 
> > including sender on the path to corresponding gateway must 
> have both 
> > gw_info and route entry for the gateway.
> > 
> > I think this drawback may degrade performance slightly(?) 
> but this is 
> > also considerable.
> 
> I don't think this "drawback" is a problem, since all intermediate 
> nodes on the path to the gateway are closer to the gateway.
> If, as I suggested in my previous email, the gateway 
> information is disseminated by the proactive routing protocol 
> (as in OSPF), then this is certainly not a drawback.  The 
> only possible drawback 
> I see is that source-address-based forwarding is required.
> Is this a significant drawback?
> 
> Regards,
> Richard
> 

I agree you for the case of proactive routing protocols.
However, in reactive ones, gw_info and route entry are maintained
indepently. 
For example, lifetime of active route entry is incremented by
ACTIVE_ROUTE_LIFETIME 
whenever a packet is forwarded using this entry. This results that route
entries can remain after gw_infos are expired.
So, in case of solution 2 with routing header, sender node can recover
path failure through simple RREQ for a gateway 
which does not require gw_info. 
However, in source address based forwarding, simple RREQ is not
sufficient since all intermediate nodes are required to have
route entry as well as gw_info while sender node needs only route entry.
IMO, this can result in more control packets and packet delay.

Regards,

Hyunwook


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Sep 23 13:20:02 2003
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Hello Hyunwook,

Please see my comments below.

> Hi Richard,
> 
> Thanks for your reply.
> Please see inline comments.
> 
> > > > > > 2. The default route is required to use a gateway with
> > > > the same prefix
> > > > > >    as the sending node, even if there is a closer
> > > > gateway, but prefix
> > > > > >    continuity is not maintained.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > > > > >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> > > > > >     maintain prefix continuity.
> > > > > >   Drawback: A routing header (to reach gateway) is
> > > > required for default
> > > > > >     routing.  Hop-by-hop default routing is not possible.
> > > > > >    
> > > 
> > > I want to add an alternative schem for solution 2.
> > > How about source address based forwarding?
> > > Sender's upper layer chooses one source address with a prefix from a
> > > gw_info when a session is initiated. 
> > > When ad hoc routing module processes packets of the session, 
> > > it firstly looks up routing table and if no host route, 
> > forwards towards
> > > corresponding gateway according to source address.
> > > I think this is applicable to intermediate nodes. If an intermediate
> > > node has route entry as well as gw_info of corresponding 
> > gateway by any
> > > means, 
> > > it can decide how to forward packets sent to a gateway by sender. 
> > 
> > Absolutely.  This way a packet with no host route is forwarded 
> > (hop-by-hop) to the nearest gateway having the same prefix as 
> > the source, without requiring a routing header.
> > I also considered this, but was concerned about requiring 
> > that source-address-based forwarding be supported. 
> > If we can assume source-address-based forwarding is supported, and 
> > if it is important to route to a gateway with the same prefix 
> > as the source, then this is the best solution.
> > 
> 
> Right. For source address based forwarding, additional search procedures
> are needed in intermediate nodes. 
> 1. lookup of route table for destination (/128)
> 2. search corresponding gateway with prefix (/64) of source ip in
> gateway cache
> 3. lookup of route table for the gateway found in step 2 (/128) 

Step 2 can be avoided if the routing table has a default
route entry for each known prefix.  Thus, step 2 is performed 
when the route is created, not for each packet.
The following procedure is then taken for each packet:
  1. lookup of route table for destination (host route)
  2. if no host route, use the default route corresponding
     to the source address prefix.

However, I am still not sure that it is necessary for the
default gateway to have the same prefix as the source.
(If it is not necessary, then method 1 works fine.)

> In this scheme, another issue is about following case. 
> After source node sends packets using default route, an intermediate
> node finds host route for destination. 
> Then, the node forwards using this route information directly.
> I think this is ignorable in proactive routing protocols 

I would like to allow this for proactive routing, since it is
useful for limited-scope routing (such as Landmark routing).
Thus, if the source does not have a host route, it sends the
packet using the default route, or if a gateway with the same
prefix as the destination is known, it sends the packet
toward that gateway. When the packet gets closer to the gateway, 
an intermediate node might have a source route, which 
should then be used. 

> but how about reactive protocols?

> As long as sender does not find that destination is reachable directly,
> this problem can continue.

I assume you are saying that a routing loop can occur with
reactive routing. (See my comments at the end of this message
regarding this possibility.)

> I think address with MANET_PREFIX is helpful in solving this issue.
> If source node intends to forward packets through a gateway, then source
> ip of outgoing packets should be with global prefix and  
> intermediate nodes forwards packets towards right gateway.

This would not allow the solution I suggest above, which
supports limited-scope routing.
Also, I prefer to avoid requiring the use of a MANET_PREFIX,
since I would rather have a solution that applies more generally 
(not just to manets).

> But, if source node intends to forward packets using host route entry,
> then source ip of packets should be with MANET_PREFIX, 
> intermediate nodes forwards packets using only host route entry for
> destination.
> If this is applied, above procedure can be reduced to 2 steps.(step 2,
> step 3)
> 
> As for solution 2 with routing header, only step 1 is preformed. 
> 
> > > 
> > > 2.2 source address(prefix) based forwarding
> > > Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > > Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to 
> > > maintain prefix continuity.
> > > Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible (without routing 
> > > header).
> > > Drawback: Unlikely solution 2(using routing header), all nodes 
> > > including sender on the path to corresponding gateway must 
> > > have both gw_info and route entry for the gateway.
> > > 
> > > I think this drawback may degrade performance slightly(?) 
> > > but this is also considerable.
> > 
> > I don't think this "drawback" is a problem, since all intermediate 
> > nodes on the path to the gateway are closer to the gateway.
> > If, as I suggested in my previous email, the gateway 
> > information is disseminated by the proactive routing protocol 
> > (as in OSPF), then this is certainly not a drawback.  The 
> > only possible drawback 
> > I see is that source-address-based forwarding is required.
> > Is this a significant drawback?
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Richard
> > 
> 
> I agree you for the case of proactive routing protocols.
> However, in reactive ones, gw_info and route entry are maintained
> indepently. 
> For example, lifetime of active route entry is incremented by
> ACTIVE_ROUTE_LIFETIME 
> whenever a packet is forwarded using this entry. This results that route
> entries can remain after gw_infos are expired.
> So, in case of solution 2 with routing header, sender node can recover
> path failure through simple RREQ for a gateway 
> which does not require gw_info. 
> However, in source address based forwarding, simple RREQ is not
> sufficient since all intermediate nodes are required to have
> route entry as well as gw_info while sender node needs only route entry.
> IMO, this can result in more control packets and packet delay.

With the forwarding procedure I described above, where there
is a default route entry for each known prefix, the 
lifetime of a default route can also be incremented by
ACTIVE_ROUTE_LIFETIME, so maybe this fixes the problem.
(Let me know if I am mistaken.)

Regards,
Richard


> 
> Regards,
> 
> Hyunwook
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: <ogier@erg.sri.com>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Souce address based default forwarding 
Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2003 11:17:39 +0900
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Hi Richard,
Thanks for your comments.
Please see inline comments.


> 
> Hello Hyunwook,
> 
> Please see my comments below.
> 
> > Hi Richard,
> > 
> > Thanks for your reply.
> > Please see inline comments.
> > 
> > > > > > > 2. The default route is required to use a gateway with
> > > > > the same prefix
> > > > > > >    as the sending node, even if there is a closer
> > > > > gateway, but prefix
> > > > > > >    continuity is not maintained.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > >   Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > > > > > >   Benefit: A manet node does not need to change 
> its prefix to
> > > > > > >     maintain prefix continuity.
> > > > > > >   Drawback: A routing header (to reach gateway) is
> > > > > required for default
> > > > > > >     routing.  Hop-by-hop default routing is not possible.
> > > > > > >    
> > > > 
> > > > I want to add an alternative schem for solution 2.
> > > > How about source address based forwarding?
> > > > Sender's upper layer chooses one source address with a 
> prefix from 
> > > > a gw_info when a session is initiated. When ad hoc 
> routing module 
> > > > processes packets of the session, it firstly looks up routing 
> > > > table and if no host route,
> > > forwards towards
> > > > corresponding gateway according to source address.
> > > > I think this is applicable to intermediate nodes. If an 
> > > > intermediate node has route entry as well as gw_info of 
> > > > corresponding
> > > gateway by any
> > > > means,
> > > > it can decide how to forward packets sent to a gateway 
> by sender. 
> > > 
> > > Absolutely.  This way a packet with no host route is forwarded
> > > (hop-by-hop) to the nearest gateway having the same prefix as 
> > > the source, without requiring a routing header.
> > > I also considered this, but was concerned about requiring 
> > > that source-address-based forwarding be supported. 
> > > If we can assume source-address-based forwarding is 
> supported, and 
> > > if it is important to route to a gateway with the same prefix 
> > > as the source, then this is the best solution.
> > > 
> > 
> > Right. For source address based forwarding, additional search 
> > procedures are needed in intermediate nodes. 1. lookup of 
> route table 
> > for destination (/128) 2. search corresponding gateway with prefix 
> > (/64) of source ip in gateway cache
> > 3. lookup of route table for the gateway found in step 2 (/128) 
> 
> Step 2 can be avoided if the routing table has a default
> route entry for each known prefix.  Thus, step 2 is performed 
> when the route is created, not for each packet.
> The following procedure is then taken for each packet:
>   1. lookup of route table for destination (host route)
>   2. if no host route, use the default route corresponding
>      to the source address prefix.

Ok. You mean two route entries (host route and prefix route) per one
gateway are created and managed. 

> 
> However, I am still not sure that it is necessary for the 
> default gateway to have the same prefix as the source. (If it 
> is not necessary, then method 1 works fine.)
> 

IMO, environment where multiple gateways are available is similar to
that considered by Multi6 working group.
Multi6 falks think that ingress filtering should be avoided (C. Huitema
names site exit issue).
What is your opinion?

> > In this scheme, another issue is about following case.
> > After source node sends packets using default route, an intermediate
> > node finds host route for destination. 
> > Then, the node forwards using this route information directly.
> > I think this is ignorable in proactive routing protocols 
> 
> I would like to allow this for proactive routing, since it is 
> useful for limited-scope routing (such as Landmark routing). 
> Thus, if the source does not have a host route, it sends the 
> packet using the default route, or if a gateway with the same 
> prefix as the destination is known, it sends the packet 
> toward that gateway. When the packet gets closer to the gateway, 
> an intermediate node might have a source route, which 
> should then be used. 
> 

Limited-scope routing seems to potato routing. I think that this idea
aims to make proactive routing protocols more scalable. 


> > but how about reactive protocols?
> 
> > As long as sender does not find that destination is reachable 
> > directly, this problem can continue.
> 
> I assume you are saying that a routing loop can occur with 
> reactive routing. (See my comments at the end of this message 
> regarding this possibility.)

No, let me explain more detail.
Let's assume that destination node with global ip is inside different
partion from one where source node resides.
Since sender can not find host route and destination address is global,
it sends packets using default route.
During the session, two partitions may be connected and an intermediate
node on the path from sender to the gateway may have
host route information for destination whether it is active or reverse.
As for proactive routing, not to mention limited scope routing, sender
will get host route in little time.      
However, this can not be guranteed in reacive ones.

> 
> > I think address with MANET_PREFIX is helpful in solving 
> this issue. If 
> > source node intends to forward packets through a gateway, 
> then source 
> > ip of outgoing packets should be with global prefix and
> > intermediate nodes forwards packets towards right gateway.
> 
> This would not allow the solution I suggest above, which 
> supports limited-scope routing. Also, I prefer to avoid 
> requiring the use of a MANET_PREFIX, since I would rather 
> have a solution that applies more generally 
> (not just to manets).

Do you think that address with MANET_PREFIX can not be used as source
ip?
Manet nodes which can not configure their global IPs because no gateways
are reachable 
can communicate each other. In this case, MANET_PREFIX address is only
vailable.
Thus, I think MANET_PREFIX address should not be deleted although global
IPs can be configured.
I think MANET_PREFIX can be useful to address above issue as I mentioned
in previous comment.
IMO, we should investigate MANET specific stuffs before we think about
more general solutions.

> > But, if source node intends to forward packets using host 
> route entry, 
> > then source ip of packets should be with MANET_PREFIX, intermediate 
> > nodes forwards packets using only host route entry for destination.
> > If this is applied, above procedure can be reduced to 2 
> steps.(step 2,
> > step 3)
> > 
> > As for solution 2 with routing header, only step 1 is preformed.
> > 
> > > > 
> > > > 2.2 source address(prefix) based forwarding
> > > > Benefit: Gateway prefix is same as sender prefix.
> > > > Benefit: A manet node does not need to change its prefix to
> > > > maintain prefix continuity.
> > > > Benefit: Hop-by-hop default routing is possible 
> (without routing 
> > > > header).
> > > > Drawback: Unlikely solution 2(using routing header), all nodes 
> > > > including sender on the path to corresponding gateway must 
> > > > have both gw_info and route entry for the gateway.
> > > > 
> > > > I think this drawback may degrade performance slightly(?)
> > > > but this is also considerable.
> > > 
> > > I don't think this "drawback" is a problem, since all intermediate
> > > nodes on the path to the gateway are closer to the gateway.
> > > If, as I suggested in my previous email, the gateway 
> > > information is disseminated by the proactive routing protocol 
> > > (as in OSPF), then this is certainly not a drawback.  The 
> > > only possible drawback 
> > > I see is that source-address-based forwarding is required.
> > > Is this a significant drawback?
> > > 
> > > Regards,
> > > Richard
> > > 
> > 
> > I agree you for the case of proactive routing protocols. 
> However, in 
> > reactive ones, gw_info and route entry are maintained indepently.
> > For example, lifetime of active route entry is incremented by
> > ACTIVE_ROUTE_LIFETIME 
> > whenever a packet is forwarded using this entry. This 
> results that route
> > entries can remain after gw_infos are expired.
> > So, in case of solution 2 with routing header, sender node 
> can recover
> > path failure through simple RREQ for a gateway 
> > which does not require gw_info. 
> > However, in source address based forwarding, simple RREQ is not
> > sufficient since all intermediate nodes are required to have
> > route entry as well as gw_info while sender node needs only 
> route entry.
> > IMO, this can result in more control packets and packet delay.
> 
> With the forwarding procedure I described above, where there
> is a default route entry for each known prefix, the 
> lifetime of a default route can also be incremented by 
> ACTIVE_ROUTE_LIFETIME, so maybe this fixes the problem. (Let 
> me know if I am mistaken.)
> 

You point the cause of this issue.
While lifetime of a default route and host route of corresponding
gateway are incremented as packets are forwarded using the default
route,
gw_info lifetime is not. So, host route of gateway and corresponding
default route can remain after gw_info for the gateway is expired.  This
holds whether node is sender or intermediate one. 
In solution 2 with routing header, sender only needs valid host route
for gateway to forward packets using default route 
as long as gw_info is valid. So, while gw_info does not need to be
refreshed, sender does route discovery if necessary.
However, as I mentioned before, in source address based forwarding,
sender's route discovery requires that only intermediate nodes which
have 
valid gw_info or gateway itself should answer with route information as
well as gw_info for requested gateway, whether gw_info needs to be
refreshed or not.
I am not sure how this can affect performance. I think two approaches
should be compared through simulation work.
Personally, I have a preference with source address based forwarding
strategy since routing header hides actual destination ip not to mention
security issue.
Do you have any comments?

> Regards,
> Richard
> 
> 
> > 
> > Regards,
> > 
> > Hyunwook
> > 
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 


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From: Wanrong Yu <wlyu@nudt.edu.cn>
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Hi,all
  Traditional MANET routing protocols focus on the  
behaviors of single node, does there any works on the 
following scenario(extending nodes in the MANET to 
subnets,wired or wireless):
  A group of nodes(through wired or wireless link) move 
as a unit, communications between these groups just as 
nodes in MANAT, that is without the help of fixed 
infrastructure.
   The NEMO WG is working on the extension of MIP to 
support mobile networks, but I don't think their work  
have covers all facets  of the above scenario.
  my question is :
   does the above scenario is different from 
traditional MANET, such as in the routing and so on?
   does there any works on this?

I am a jackeroo of MANET and want to do some works on 
this topic,any advice and comments are welcomed!
   Thanks a lot! 

 Wanrong Yu

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Reply-To: <jafy@etri.re.kr>
From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: <ogier@erg.sri.com>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: [manet] Souce address based default forwarding 
Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2003 14:08:07 +0900
Organization: ETRI
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Hi, Richard

I add further comments to previous ones.
I marked previous comments with "[]".
Please see additional comments.


> > Right. For source address based forwarding, additional search
> > procedures are needed in intermediate nodes. 1. lookup of 
> route table
> > for destination (/128) 2. search corresponding gateway with prefix
> > (/64) of source ip in gateway cache
> > 3. lookup of route table for the gateway found in step 2 (/128) 
> 
> Step 2 can be avoided if the routing table has a default route entry 
> for each known prefix.  Thus, step 2 is performed when the route is 
> created, not for each packet. The following procedure is then taken 
> for each packet:
>   1. lookup of route table for destination (host route)
>   2. if no host route, use the default route corresponding
>      to the source address prefix.

[Ok. You mean two route entries (host route and prefix route) per one
gateway are created and managed. ]
Your idea violates semantic of current route table because default route
for a given prefix should be looked up for source ip.
In my step 2, search of gateway cache is deployed for this reason. 
What is your opinion? 

You mentioned that if a gateway with the same prefix as the destination
is known, it sends the packet toward that gateway.
This works naturally with your scheme since this follows longest prefix
match.
However, is it safe with ingress filtering? 
I think that this forwarding policy is useful in reactive routing
protocols because gateway can notifiy sender 
that destination is reachable not through gateway but directly when
gateway has route entry for destination.
In Wakikawa's draft, some redirect message is introduced for this
purpose.
I think prefix route entry is useful but we should treat it specially if
normal forwarding using it is not safe with ingress filtering. 

Regards,
Hyunwook Cha






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Subject: [manet] Gateway discovery
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Hi Richard/all,

Just to quickly mention that I will be away the next two weeks and won't be able to reply frequently.

About multiple prefixes, I think maintaining multiple addresses (from different gateways) is interesting, but the question remains as how applications can choose among multiple addresses ... I don't think any application code can today make such a choice, so if we want to developp some working code I think maintaining multiple prefixes is maybe a "luxury" that is not really needed. Of course from a research point of you, this is different. ;-)

Regards,
Christophe

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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Gateway discovery
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Hi Christophe/all, 

As for implementation of selection among multilple global addresses, how
about updating the Policy table of the default address selections
algorithm ?
I think that distance to gateway may be a good factor for preference
parameter for a global ip.
IMO, its implementation is not difficult and use of multiple global IPs
is not "luxury" since it can support Internet connectivity for MANET.

Regards,
Hyunwook Cha

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr
> Sent: Wednesday, September 24, 2003 4:22 PM
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: [manet] Gateway discovery
> 
> 
> 
> Hi Richard/all,
> 
> Just to quickly mention that I will be away the next two 
> weeks and won't be able to reply frequently.
> 
> About multiple prefixes, I think maintaining multiple 
> addresses (from different gateways) is interesting, but the 
> question remains as how applications can choose among 
> multiple addresses ... I don't think any application code can 
> today make such a choice, so if we want to developp some 
> working code I think maintaining multiple prefixes is maybe a 
> "luxury" that is not really needed. Of course from a research 
> point of you, this is different. ;-)
> 
> Regards,
> Christophe
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 


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Hello,

I think it is possible to specify the address using (advanced?) socket 
options, at least in IPv6. Another question is how an application should 
retrieve information about the different available addresses, and 
permissions needed to do so. These are just implementation and design 
issues.

So, I think the answer to your question is yes, it is possible.

regards,

Anders

jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr wrote:

>Hi Richard/all,
>
>Just to quickly mention that I will be away the next two weeks and won't be able to reply frequently.
>
>About multiple prefixes, I think maintaining multiple addresses (from different gateways) is interesting, but the question remains as how applications can choose among multiple addresses ... I don't think any application code can today make such a choice, so if we want to developp some working code I think maintaining multiple prefixes is maybe a "luxury" that is not really needed. Of course from a research point of you, this is different. ;-)
>
>Regards,
>Christophe
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>  
>



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From: Florian Schiel <florian.schiel@mchp.siemens.de>
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To: Anders Nilsson <andersn@telecom.lth.se>
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Hello *,

In my optinion the use of multiple prefixes (from different gateways) for
global addresses is absolutely useful. Even if applications can not chosse
them directly, a predictive process could estimate the 'best'
prefix/gateway for any new connection. This is especially useful for nodes
with high mobility, where a gateway is only reachable for a short
interval. A problem here are the connections made with an 'older' gateway,
that may not be reachable anymore.

I do not see any biger problem with proactive routing protocols, but
reactive protocols may need some sort of procativeness to get information
about other available gateways (at least while an applications stays
connected and exchanges packets).

For most applications (like web-browsing or email) it does not really
matter which (source) address is used. For them, the above estimation
could be used without trouble as long as the (TCP-) connections are only
used for a short time (and thus with a lower chance of breakage).

If I did not get your statement wrong, the question here is the selection
of the source address. Here, RFC 3484 lists some rules for source-address
selection.
In the MANET case, a node would be considered to be just like on of the
multi-homed examples in the RFC3484, since it has at least its address
based of MANET_PREFIX, and one or more addersses with global prefixes.

Another question in this context is: Which source- and destination
addresses belong to the manet and should be routed by manet-nodes, and
which addresses do not belong there and should be dropped?
This could be useful to lower pollution of a manet with non-manet traffic
routed by manet-nodes. Is this considered somewhere?

So long,
	Florian

On Wed, 24 Sep 2003, Anders Nilsson wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> I think it is possible to specify the address using (advanced?) socket 
> options, at least in IPv6. Another question is how an application should 
> retrieve information about the different available addresses, and 
> permissions needed to do so. These are just implementation and design 
> issues.
> 
> So, I think the answer to your question is yes, it is possible.
> 
> regards,
> 
> Anders
> 
> jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr wrote:
> 
> >Hi Richard/all,
> >
> >Just to quickly mention that I will be away the next two weeks and
> won't be able to reply frequently.
> >
> >About multiple prefixes, I think maintaining multiple addresses
> (from different gateways) is interesting, but the question remains as
> how applications can choose among multiple addresses ... I don't think
> any application code can today make such a choice, so if we want to
> developp some working code I think maintaining multiple prefixes is
> maybe a "luxury" that is not really needed. Of course from a research
> point of you, this is different. ;-)
> >
> >Regards,
> >Christophe
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
> >  
> >
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 

Florian Schiel    -    Siemens CT IC2 Internet and Mobility Lab
---------------------------------------------------------------
Siemens AG, CT IC2         phone: +49 89 636-50686
Otto-Hahn Ring 6           mail: florian.schiel@mchp.siemens.de
D-81730 Munich


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From: "Omar LAHLOU" <omlahlou@sympatico.ca>
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Hi all,

Has anyone know how to calculate the bandwidth available at a node in Ad =
Hoc Network.

Thanks for help.

Omar.

------=_NextPart_000_002C_01C382B2.C3696640
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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charset=3Diso-8859-1">
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><FONT=20
face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D3>Hi all,<BR><BR>Has anyone know how to =
calculate=20
the bandwidth available at a node&nbsp;in Ad Hoc =
Network.</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman" =
size=3D3><BR>Thanks for=20
help.<BR><BR>Omar.</FONT></DIV></FONT></FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV></BODY></=
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From: "Dr Manthos Kazantzidis" <kazantz@cs.ucla.edu>
To: "Omar LAHLOU" <omlahlou@sympatico.ca>, <manet@ietf.org>
References: <002f01c38299$9e3b27f0$670cfea9@A8245.findquick.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] Bandwidth calculation
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Hi Omar,

 You can take a look at a link assisted measurement in

http://users.bluehoc.com/archive/pubpapers/itre_kazantzidis.pdf

slides in=20

http://users.bluehoc.com/archive/ppthtml/ITRE-kazantzidis.htm

For application level measurements you can look in=20

http://www.cs.ucla.edu/~kazantz=20

end-to-end related papers and ab-probe. That page is moving
so if sthg is offline feel free to contact me directly to provide the =
pdf.

Thanks
Manthos

  ----- Original Message -----=20
  From: Omar LAHLOU=20
  To: manet@ietf.org=20
  Sent: Wednesday, September 24, 2003 5:44 AM
  Subject: [manet] Bandwidth calculation


  Hi all,

  Has anyone know how to calculate the bandwidth available at a node in =
Ad Hoc Network.

  Thanks for help.

  Omar.
------=_NextPart_000_004D_01C382A2.EBA3A8B0
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<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type=20
content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1"><DEFANGED_META=20
content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1" =
http-equiv=3D"Content-Type"><DEFANGED_META=20
content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2726.2500"=20
name=3D"GENERATOR"><!-- <DEFANGED_STYLE> --></DEFANGED_STYLE>
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1226" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Hi Omar,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp;You can take a look at&nbsp;a link assisted =
measurement=20
</FONT><FONT size=3D2>in</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://users.bluehoc.com/archive/pubpapers/itre_kazantzidis.pdf">=
http://users.bluehoc.com/archive/pubpapers/itre_kazantzidis.pdf</A></FONT=
></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>slides in </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://users.bluehoc.com/archive/ppthtml/ITRE-kazantzidis.htm">ht=
tp://users.bluehoc.com/archive/ppthtml/ITRE-kazantzidis.htm</A></FONT></D=
IV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>For application level measurements you can look in=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://www.cs.ucla.edu/~kazantz">http://www.cs.ucla.edu/~kazantz<=
/A>=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>end-to-end related papers and ab-probe. That page is =

moving</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>so if sthg is offline feel free to contact me =
directly to=20
provide the pdf.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Thanks</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Manthos</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=3Dltr=20
style=3D"PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; =
BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
  <DIV=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
  <A title=3Domlahlou@sympatico.ca =
href=3D"mailto:omlahlou@sympatico.ca">Omar=20
  LAHLOU</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=3Dmanet@ietf.org=20
  href=3D"mailto:manet@ietf.org">manet@ietf.org</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, September 24, =
2003 5:44=20
  AM</DIV>
  <DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> [manet] Bandwidth=20
  calculation</DIV>
  <DIV><BR></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><FONT=20
  face=3D"Times New Roman" size=3D3>Hi all,<BR><BR>Has anyone know how =
to calculate=20
  the bandwidth available at a node&nbsp;in Ad Hoc =
Network.</FONT></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman" =
size=3D3><BR>Thanks=20
  for=20
help.<BR><BR>Omar.</FONT></DIV></FONT></FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV></BLOCKQU=
OTE></BODY></HTML>

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From: "sunil kumar vuppala" <sunilvuppala@indiatimes.com>
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Subject: [manet] AD HOC - Secure routing Q.
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Dear NS users &amp; Gurus,


I am working in "secure routing in MANETs".


and plan to implement these protocols in NS-2.26.


Few questions regarding this Secure Routing:


1. Which Secure Routing Protocols for MANETs were included in NS-2.26 distribution?


2. Is the traffic flow for mobile nodes is supported in NAM of NS-2.26?


3. How to use the TRACE files (*.tr) after Simulation run?


Could some one help in this regard... 


thanking you,


Regards,


Sunil K.Vuppala

*********************** 
Sunil Kumar Vuppala 
M.Tech(IT),IIT-Roorkee 
India - 247667 
*********************** 

Get Your Private, Free E-mail from Indiatimes at  http://email.indiatimes.com
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<FONT size=2>
<P>Dear NS users &amp; Gurus,</P>
<P>I am working in "secure routing in MANETs".</P>
<P>and plan to implement these protocols in NS-2.26.</P>
<P>Few questions regarding this Secure Routing:</P>
<P>1. Which Secure Routing Protocols for MANETs were included in NS-2.26 distribution?</P>
<P>2. Is the traffic flow for mobile nodes is supported in NAM of NS-2.26?</P>
<P>3. How to use the TRACE files (*.tr) after Simulation run?</P>
<P>Could some one help in this regard... </P>
<P>thanking you,</P>
<P>Regards,</P>
<P>Sunil K.Vuppala</P></FONT><BR><BR>*********************** <BR>Sunil Kumar Vuppala <BR>M.Tech(IT),IIT-Roorkee <BR>India - 247667 <BR>*********************** <BR>
<hr><font face="Arial" size="2"><b>Get Your Private, Free E-mail from Indiatimes at  </font><a href="http://email.indiatimes.com"><font face="Arial" size="2">http://email.indiatimes.com</a></b><br>Buy The Best In <b>BOOKS</b> at <A href="http://www.bestsellers.indiatimes.com">http://www.bestsellers.indiatimes.com</A><br>Bid for <b>Air Tickets</b> on Air Sahara Flights at <b>Prices Lower Than Before</b>. Just log on to <a href="http://airsahara.indiatimes.com">http://airsahara.indiatimes.com</a> and Bid Now !</font>

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Sep 25 12:21:12 2003
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Subject: [manet] MANET routing algorithm
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Hi!

	I am doing a research as an undergraduate computer engg. student on MANET 
routing protocol . Does anyone here doing reserach on this same subject ?

	Where should I start ? Is there any good simulator ?

Thanks
Meraj

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Sep 25 15:01:55 2003
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Subject: [manet] Re: Bandwidth calculation (Jangeun Jun)
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Hi,
Following papers provide a practical technique you can use to calculate ad
hoc bandwidth.

http://www4.ncsu.edu/~jjun/index_files/full_wmn_capa.pdf
http://www4.ncsu.edu/~jjun/index_files/full_tmt.pdf

Hope this helps,

-Jangeun Jun



> Hi all,
>
> Has anyone know how to calculate the bandwidth available at a node in Ad =
> Hoc Network.
>
> Thanks for help.
>
> Omar.
>

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From: "Prasanna.Padmanabhan-1" <prasannap@ou.edu>
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Subject: [manet] Software prototype for MANET
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Hello *,

Im a Master student doing my research works on 'Data replication in MANET databases'. I have simulated my application using Awesim and I understand that there lots of other simulating tools like GLOMOSIM, NS-2, and OPNET. 

I now want to "prototype" my application and would like to know if there are already existing open source code prototypes for MANET applications. It would be of great help if you can give me some pointers on this.

Thanks,
Prasanna



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From: Amit Kucheria <akucheria@metricsystems.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] Software prototype for MANET
In-reply-to: <6aa4bc51.bc516aa4@ou.edu>
To: "Prasanna.Padmanabhan-1" <prasannap@ou.edu>
Cc: IETF Manet <manet@ietf.org>
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Following link should give you a list of all major implementations out
there:

http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_hoc_protocols_implementations

HTH.

/Amit

On Thu, 2003-09-25 at 14:40, Prasanna.Padmanabhan-1 wrote:
> Hello *,
>=20
> Im a Master student doing my research works on 'Data replication in MANET=
 databases'. I have simulated my application using Awesim and I understand =
that there lots of other simulating tools like GLOMOSIM, NS-2, and OPNET.=20
>=20
> I now want to "prototype" my application and would like to know if there =
are already existing open source code prototypes for MANET applications. It=
 would be of great help if you can give me some pointers on this.
>=20
> Thanks,
> Prasanna
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
--=20
     .| Amit Kucheria                       |.
   ...| Wireless Systems Engineer           |...
 .....| Metric Systems Corp., San Diego, CA |.....
......| www.metricsystems.com               |......

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Sep 25 19:58:37 2003
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Subject: [manet] problems of DSR simulations using GLOMOSIM and NS2
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hi, All:

  I am testing the DSR performance using GLOMOSIM and NS2 according to the
papers published in mobicom98 and infocom00. Although AODV shows similar
results, the DSR performs horribly.

  I have checked with NS2 problem list, and applied the modifications as
suggested, but no luck. With 20 CBRs, 1500mx300m, 50 nodes, max_speed
20m/s, pause_time 0 second, the packet delivery ratio is only about 33%.

  In GLOMOSIM, with similar scenario, I can get about 60% performance.

  Is there anybody there can help me out? Thanks a lot.

regards,
ken

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Subject: [manet] Is there a MANET existing in real world?
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Hi,

            I am a masters student new to mobile ad hoc networks. After
going through some research papers related to MANET that describes
various attacks on mobile ad hoc networks and countermeasures followed, I 
have a doubt, whether there is a MANET that is being used in any
application presently? If there is one where is it being used?
            I will be more than happy if some one can help me to find
answer for my question.

Thanks in advance.
Rahul Bandaru
 





  





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<BODY>
<P><FONT size=3D2>Hi folks<BR><BR>Our client is currently seeking =
suitable=20
candidates to fill the following positions. Pls forward your resume in =
MS Word=20
format to us at <A=20
href=3D"mailto:search@scientecpersonnel.com">search@scientecpersonnel.com=
</A></FONT></P>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial>ScienTec Personnel (<A=20
href=3D"http://www.scientecpersonnel.com/">www.scientecpersonnel.com</A>)=
</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial>No. 5 Shenton =
Way</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial>#37-02 UIC =
Building</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial>Singapore 068808</FONT></DIV>
<P><FONT face=3DArial></FONT><FONT face=3DArial></FONT>
<HR>

<P></P></FONT>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list =
.25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><SPAN><STRONG>1.<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
</SPAN>Senior=20
Technical Manager<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;=20
</SPAN>[Perm]<?xml:namespace prefix =3D o ns =3D=20
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"=20
/><o:p></o:p></STRONG></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2><STRONG>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></STRONG></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2><STRONG>Job:<o:p></o:p></STRONG></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT size=3D2>To=20
spearhead<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>and lead a team =
in=20
development of software defined radio for Airborne, Land and Marine=20
applications.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>Requirements:<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">PhD/Master/Degree =
in=20
Electronics/Electrical Engineering with emphasis on digital wireless=20
communications<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">At least=20
10 years relevant experience in the area of architechturing and 5 years =
in=20
leadership role<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Competent in the =
use of RF=20
circuit design and RF system engineering tools; possesses good track =
record of=20
successful design<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Familiarity with =
wireless=20
standards and software defined =
radios<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Experience with =
relevant=20
RF/EMC type approval standards and processes would be an added=20
advantage<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list =
.25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><SPAN><STRONG>2.<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN>Technical Manager (RF Group)=20
[Perm]<o:p></o:p></STRONG></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2><STRONG>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></STRONG></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>Job:<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l3 =
level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">Lead a=20
team of engineers in areas of linear RF front-end circuit design =
covering power=20
amplifier, frequency synthesizers including high power application=20
etc<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l3 =
level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Demonstrate =
leadership in RF=20
simulation, analysis and =
partitioning<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l3 =
level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Interface to =
customers in=20
the preparation of RF system and=20
specifications<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>Requirements:<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">PhD/Master/Degree =
in=20
Electronics/Electrical Engineering with emphasis on digital wireless=20
communications<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">At least=20
4 years relevant experience in RF Front End Design and 2 years in =
leadership=20
role<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Competent in the =
use of RF=20
circuit design and RF system engineering tools; possesses good track =
record of=20
successful design<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Familiarity with =
wireless=20
standards and software defined =
radios<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l0 =
level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Experience with =
relevant=20
RF/EMC type approval standards and processes would be an added=20
advantage<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: =
justify"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: =
15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list =
.25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><SPAN><STRONG>3.<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
</SPAN>Senior=20
Engineer (DSP Algorithm) [Perm]<o:p></o:p></STRONG></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>Job:<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l4 =
level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">Develop=20
digital signal processing algorithm for state-of-the-art Software =
Defined=20
Radio<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>Requirements:<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l2 =
level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Masters/Degree in =
Science=20
with at least 3 years of experience in signal processing algorithm used =
in=20
digital communications systems<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l2 =
level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">Good=20
knowledge in DSP with C, MATLAB and/or Simulink with rounding/truncation =

issues<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l2 =
level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Theoretical and =
practical=20
knowledge of DSP- data paths fixed point implementation; familiar with =
Texas=20
instruments Code Composer<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l2 =
level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt">=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Experience with =
Viterbi=20
Decoders, Error Correction Code, Digital Filters, NCO, DLL, PLL, digital =
timing=20
recovery and carrier recovery techniques would be an added=20
advantage<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal=20
style=3D"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; mso-list: l2 =
level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .25in"><FONT=20
size=3D2><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: =
10.0pt"><FONT=20
size=3D2>=B7<SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT: 7pt 'Times New =
Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT =
size=3D2>Self-motivated=20
with good communication and interpersonal skills</FONT>=20
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: Pan Zheng <meancity@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] Is there a MANET existing in real world?
To: rbandaru@mtu.edu, manet@ietf.org
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hi
  maybe in US military, they have already tested some
real life application, but it is surely confidential.
normal master/phd students like us won't be able touch
it on.

--- rbandaru@mtu.edu wrote:
> 
> Hi,
> 
>             I am a masters student new to mobile ad
> hoc networks. After
> going through some research papers related to MANET
> that describes
> various attacks on mobile ad hoc networks and
> countermeasures followed, I 
> have a doubt, whether there is a MANET that is being
> used in any
> application presently? If there is one where is it
> being used?
>             I will be more than happy if some one
> can help me to find
> answer for my question.
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> Rahul Bandaru
>  
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
>   
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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X-WebMail-UserID:  prakash
Date: Thu, 25 Sep 2003 21:04:41 -0600
From: prakash <prakash@cc.usu.edu>
To: manet@ietf.org
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Subject: [manet] Need some info regarding Wireless MANET
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Hi ,

I am am graduate student doing some research work on " Wireless Mobile ad hoc 
n/w security".
I will be happy if any one could  suggest some good papers to read.

Also i need to know whether Wireless Manet supports MPLS.If yes pls do send me 
some information regarding the above.

Regards
Shashi Prakash
Utah State Univ


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From: Bin Lu <b0l4549@cs.tamu.edu>
To: Pan Zheng <meancity@yahoo.com>
cc: rbandaru@mtu.edu, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Is there a MANET existing in real world?
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You mean there is no way for us students to get real data? Actually I had
the same question as Rahul.

Thanks,

Bin

On Thu, 25 Sep 2003, Pan Zheng wrote:

> hi
>   maybe in US military, they have already tested some
> real life application, but it is surely confidential.
> normal master/phd students like us won't be able touch
> it on.
>
> --- rbandaru@mtu.edu wrote:
> >
> > Hi,
> >
> >             I am a masters student new to mobile ad
> > hoc networks. After
> > going through some research papers related to MANET
> > that describes
> > various attacks on mobile ad hoc networks and
> > countermeasures followed, I
> > have a doubt, whether there is a MANET that is being
> > used in any
> > application presently? If there is one where is it
> > being used?
> >             I will be more than happy if some one
> > can help me to find
> > answer for my question.
> >
> > Thanks in advance.
> > Rahul Bandaru
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>
> __________________________________
> Do you Yahoo!?
> The New Yahoo! Shopping - with improved product search
> http://shopping.yahoo.com
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>


_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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Date: Fri, 26 Sep 2003 11:05:42 -0400
From: "Huneycutt, Doug" <doug.huneycutt@lmco.com>
Subject: RE: [manet] Is there a MANET existing in real world?
To: Bin Lu <b0l4549@cs.tamu.edu>, Pan Zheng <meancity@yahoo.com>
Cc: rbandaru@mtu.edu, manet@ietf.org
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Real data from operational environments is hard ... If you look at the
URL recently shown on this list that itemizes current mobility
protocols, there are 8 pages worth, none final.  There is a very
significant amount of effort going into "productizing" this stuff,
particularly for the military.  There is openly-available information
posted at quite a few US government sites (google for JTRS, WIN-T,
MP-CDL, etc).  There's also doc on-line at DARPA and MITRE.  But if
you're looking for lessons-learned from some agency that more than an
experimental history with mobile apps, you're probably ahead of your
time.

On the other hand, a lot of what IS being done is coming out of the
heads of "normal master/phd students" like you, so don't feel like
you're on the outside looking in ... Not the case.

Doug 
_______________________________
Douglas S Huneycutt, Sr
Senior Enterprise Architect
Lockheed Martin Secure Enterprise Solutions
9500 Godwin Drive
Manassas, VA 20110
703.367.4670
703.367.3312 FAX



-----Original Message-----
From: Bin Lu [mailto:b0l4549@cs.tamu.edu] 
Sent: Friday, September 26, 2003 10:49 AM
To: Pan Zheng
Cc: rbandaru@mtu.edu; manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Is there a MANET existing in real world?



You mean there is no way for us students to get real data? Actually I
had the same question as Rahul.

Thanks,

Bin

On Thu, 25 Sep 2003, Pan Zheng wrote:

> hi
>   maybe in US military, they have already tested some
> real life application, but it is surely confidential.
> normal master/phd students like us won't be able touch
> it on.
>
> --- rbandaru@mtu.edu wrote:
> >
> > Hi,
> >
> >             I am a masters student new to mobile ad
> > hoc networks. After
> > going through some research papers related to MANET
> > that describes
> > various attacks on mobile ad hoc networks and countermeasures 
> > followed, I have a doubt, whether there is a MANET that is being
> > used in any
> > application presently? If there is one where is it
> > being used?
> >             I will be more than happy if some one
> > can help me to find
> > answer for my question.
> >
> > Thanks in advance.
> > Rahul Bandaru
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
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From: "David Simplot" <David.Simplot@lifl.fr>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Date: Fri, 26 Sep 2003 18:55:13 +0200
Organization: IRCICA/LIFL, Univ. Lille 1
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Subject: [manet] 2nd CFP IEEE Network Magazine special issue on 'Ad hoc Networking: Data  Communications & Topology Control'
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Please accept our apologies in case you receive this information
from multiple sources.
==================================================================
			 2nd Call for Papers

			IEEE Network Magazine

			   Special Issue on
     'AD HOC NETWORKING: DATA COMMUNICATIONS & TOPOLOGY CONTROL'

       http://www.lifl.fr/RD2P/download/net-adhoc-cfp-final.pdf

  IEEE Network seeks articles for a special issue on Ad Hoc
Networking: Data Communications and Topology Control, to appear in
July 2004. The guest editors for this special issue are David
Simplot-Ryl, University of Lille, France, and Ivan Stojmenovic,
University of Ottawa, Canada.

Purpose

  Wireless networks and mobile computing research has until recently
concentrated on single-hop networks (network nodes communicating
directly to a fixed infrastructure), such as cellular and satellite
systems. Ad hoc networking covers multi-hop scenarios (network nodes
communicating via other network nodes) such as conference, hospital,
battlefield, rescue, and monitoring scenarios. Particular ad hoc
network systems include packet radio networks, sensor networks,
personal communication systems, rooftop networks, and wireless local
area networks. Even multi-hop cellular networks may be a viable option
when a huge number of cellular phones are concentrated on a small area
such as stadium.

  This special issue will cover comprehensively the network layer in
ad hoc networks, which deals with data communication and topology
control problems. Data communication problems include routing,
broadcasting, multicasting, geocasting, clustering, area monitoring,
data and service access. Topology control problems include neighbor
discovery, topology construction and maintenance, activity scheduling,
position discovery, partition detection, location updates, and network
management. The new approaches to ad hoc networks design emphasize
cross-layering approach, and therefore the relevant issues arising
from network layer problems will also be covered, such as power
management, security, quality of service, performance evaluation, data
link and transport layers.

  The goal of the special issue is to publish original research and
review articles which should be comprehensive to all readers,
regardless of their specialty.

Manuscript submission

  Send papers as PDF file to both co-guest editors simplot@lifl.fr and
ivan@site.uottawa.ca. It is recommended that submissions be limited to
4500 words, with the number of references limited to 10. Guidelines
for authors can be found on the IEEE Network magazine Website at
http://www.comsoc.org/pubs/net/ntwrk/authors.html .

Important dates

  Manuscript Submission: November 30, 2003
  Acceptance Notification: February 29, 2004
  Final Manuscript Due: May 1, 2004
  Publication: July/August 2004

Guest co-editors

  Dr. David Simplot-Ryl
  IRCICA/LIFL, Univ. Lille 1, France
  David.Simplot@lifl.fr

  Dr. Ivan Stojmenovic
  SITE, University of Ottawa, Canada
  ivan@site.uottawa.ca


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Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="============_-1147521428==_ma============"
Subject: [manet] CFP: Deadline is rapidly approaching: JSAC Special Issue on
 Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
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--============_-1147521428==_ma============
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" ; format="flowed"

                           CALL FOR PAPERS
             IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
                        WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS

http://www.argreenhouse.com/society/J-SAC/Calls/wireless_adhoc.html

Novel approaches are needed to address ad hoc networks, which are 
characterized by the lack of an infrastructure.  For example, 
point-to-point and point-to-multipoint modes of communication must be 
supported in a multihop network that typically consists of small 
(often disadvantaged) users that are characterized by severely 
limited energy supply, signal-processing capability, antenna 
directivity, bandwidth, etc.  Crucial applications for mobile ad hoc 
networks include military communications and disaster relief, 
although commercial applications are certainly possible as well.  In 
applications with a large number of nodes, scalability is a major 
concern.

The study of ad hoc networks is an interdisciplinary one, which can 
potentially incorporate communication and information theory, 
distributed networking algorithms, data structures and compression, 
coding, signal processing, detection, antenna characteristics, 
optimization methods, simulation, testbed implementations etc. 
Papers submitted for this special issue must directly address ad hoc 
networking issues. 

We outline here only a few of the many aspects of ad hoc network 
design and control that will be addressed in this special issue. 
First, distributed network organization algorithms (such as those for 
clustering) may be used to create the equivalent of an ad hoc 
infrastructure.  Distributed algorithms are also needed for routing, 
channel access, and other control functions.  Networking techniques 
for ad hoc networks must address the challenges imposed by the 
all-wireless environment.  For example, by contrast with wired 
networks, the conventional layered protocol stack is not well suited 
to the ad hoc wireless networking environment because it does not 
exploit the potential improvements in performance that can be 
obtained by jointly designing protocols that span multiple layers. 
Specifically, it is expected that improved performance can be 
obtained by considering the properties of the physical and data link 
layers when designing and operating the media-access control (MAC) 
protocol.  Similarly, there are potential benefits to be obtained by 
developing protocols that address jointly the routing and MAC 
functions.  Additional benefits can be obtained by jointly addressing 
higher-layer functions along with routing and MAC.  Energy-aware 
protocols (from the perspective of either energy-efficient or 
energy-constrained operation) are of critical importance in many ad 
hoc scenarios.  Such energy-aware operation can span multiple layers, 
e.g., by addressing trade-offs between energy used for RF 
transmission and for signal processing.

It is the goal of this special issue to reflect the latest in the 
state of the art in ad hoc networks by examining all aspects of ad 
hoc network design and control, including the dependencies between 
various network functions and the potential benefits that can be 
gained by cross-layer design.  We are interested in papers on 
fundamental performance limits, but more importantly on algorithm 
design and performance, system implementations, etc.

We are seeking papers that describe original and unpublished 
contributions addressing various aspects of ad hoc networking. 
Possible topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

      * Physical layer issues in ad hoc networks
      * Media Access Control (MAC) techniques
      * Self-organizing architectures and protocols
      * Routing protocols
      * Cross-layer protocol design
      * Mobility management
      * Protocols for mobile applications
      * Transport-layer issues
      * Signal-processing issues in ad hoc networks
      * Integration with wired networks
      * Applications
      * Energy-aware protocols
      * Security in ad hoc networks
      * Capacity and scheduling
      * Node implementation
      * Effects on existing protocols
      * Quality of service
      * Broadcasting and multicasting
      * Multimedia and traffic integration
      * Experiments and testbeds
      * Error-control schemes
      * Synchronization and scheduling
      * Scalability
      * Performance analysis and simulation
      * Properties of antennas
      * Optimization methods
      * Fundamental limits in ad hoc networks

All papers on any of the above topics must include a definite and 
strong connection to ad hoc networks.  Please contact Jeffrey 
Wieselthier at wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil if there are any 
questions about the suitability of the paper for this special issue. 

Prospective authors should prepare their manuscripts in accordance 
with the IEEE J-SAC format described in the Information for Authors 
at the J-SAC website.  All papers should be submitted in pdf format 
via email to Jeffrey Wieselthier at wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil 
according to the following timetable:

      Manuscript Submission:     October 15, 2003
      Acceptance Notification:   April 1, 2004
      Final Manuscript Due:      June 1, 2004
      Publication:               4th Quarter 2004


                        Guest Editors

Dr. Jeffrey E. Wieselthier, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, 
DC, wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil

Prof. Eitan Altman, INRIA, Sophia-Antipolis, Cedex, FRANCE, 
Eitan.Altman@sophia.inria.fr

Prof. Anthony Ephremides, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 
tony@eng.umd.edu

Mr. Joseph Macker, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 
macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil

Prof. Harlan B. Russell, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 
hrussel@hubcap.clemson.edu

Dr. Martha Steenstrup, Stow Research L.L.C., Flanders, NJ, steenie@rcn.com

Prof. Stephen Wicker, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, wicker@ee.cornell.edu
--============_-1147521428==_ma============
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<html><head><style type="text/css"><!--
blockquote, dl, ul, ol, li { padding-top: 0 ; padding-bottom: 0 }
 --></style><title>CFP: Deadline is rapidly approaching: JSAC Special
Iss</title></head><body>
<div><font
color="#000000"
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CALL FOR PAPERS<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications</font></div>
<div><font
color="#000000"
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div
>http://www.argreenhouse.com/society/J-SAC/Calls/wireless_adhoc.html</div
>
<div><font color="#000000"><b><br>
</b>Novel approaches are needed to address ad hoc networks, which are
characterized by the lack of an infrastructure.&nbsp; For example,
point-to-point and point-to-multipoint modes of communication must be
supported in a multihop network that typically consists of small
(often disadvantaged) users that are characterized by severely limited
energy supply, signal-processing capability, antenna directivity,
bandwidth, etc.&nbsp; Crucial applications for mobile ad hoc networks
include military communications and disaster relief, although
commercial applications are certainly possible as well.&nbsp; In
applications with a large number of nodes, scalability is a major
concern.</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
The study of ad hoc networks is an interdisciplinary one, which can
potentially incorporate communication and information theory,
distributed networking algorithms, data structures and compression,
coding, signal processing, detection, antenna characteristics,
optimization methods, simulation, testbed implementations etc.&nbsp;
Papers submitted for this special issue must directly address ad hoc
networking issues.&nbsp;</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
We outline here only a few of the many aspects of ad hoc network
design and control that will be addressed in this special issue.&nbsp;
First, distributed network organization algorithms (such as those for
clustering) may be used to create the equivalent of an ad hoc
infrastructure.&nbsp; Distributed algorithms are also needed for
routing, channel access, and other control functions.&nbsp; Networking
techniques for ad hoc networks must address the challenges imposed by
the all-wireless environment.&nbsp; For example, by contrast with
wired networks, the conventional layered protocol stack is not well
suited to the ad hoc wireless networking environment because it does
not exploit the potential improvements in performance that can be
obtained by jointly designing protocols that span multiple layers.&nbsp;
Specifically, it is expected that improved performance can be obtained
by considering the properties of the physical and data link layers
when designing and operating the media-access control (MAC) protocol.&nbsp;
Similarly, there are potential benefits to be obtained by developing
protocols that address jointly the routing and MAC functions.&nbsp;
Additional benefits can be obtained by jointly addressing higher-layer
functions along with routing and MAC.&nbsp; Energy-aware protocols
(from the perspective of either energy-efficient or energy-constrained
operation) are of critical importance in many ad hoc scenarios.&nbsp;
Such energy-aware operation can span multiple layers, e.g., by
addressing trade-offs between energy used for RF transmission and for
signal processing.</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">It is the goal of this special issue to
reflect the latest in the state of the art in ad hoc networks by
examining all aspects of ad hoc network design and control, including
the dependencies between various network functions and the potential
benefits that can be gained by cross-layer design.&nbsp; We are
interested in papers on fundamental performance limits, but more
importantly on algorithm design and performance, system
implementations, etc.</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">We are seeking papers that describe
original and unpublished contributions addressing various aspects of
ad hoc networking.&nbsp; Possible topics of interest include, but are
not limited to:</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Physical layer
issues in ad hoc networks</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Media Access
Control (MAC) techniques</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *
Self-organizing architectures and protocols</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Routing
protocols</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Cross-layer
protocol design</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Mobility
management</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Protocols for
mobile applications</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *
Transport-layer issues</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *
Signal-processing issues in ad hoc networks</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Integration
with wired networks</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *
Applications</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Energy-aware
protocols</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Security in ad
hoc networks</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Capacity and
scheduling</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Node
implementation</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Effects on
existing protocols</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Quality of
service</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Broadcasting
and multicasting</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Multimedia and
traffic integration</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Experiments
and testbeds</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Error-control
schemes</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *
Synchronization and scheduling</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *
Scalability</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Performance
analysis and simulation</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Properties of
antennas</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Optimization
methods</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Fundamental
limits in ad hoc networks</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
All papers on any of the above topics must include a definite and
strong connection to ad hoc networks.&nbsp; Please contact Jeffrey
Wieselthier at wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil if there are any questions
about the suitability of the paper for this special
issue.&nbsp;</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">Prospective authors should prepare their
manuscripts in accordance with the IEEE J-SAC format described in the
Information for Authors at the J-SAC website.&nbsp; All papers should
be submitted in pdf format via email to Jeffrey Wieselthier at
wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil according to the following
timetable:</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript
Submission:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; October 15, 2003</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Acceptance
Notification:&nbsp;&nbsp; April 1, 2004</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Final Manuscript
Due:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; June 1, 2004</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Publication:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4th Quarter 2004</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br></font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
<b
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Guest Editors<br>
<br>
</b>Dr. Jeffrey E. Wieselthier, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington,
DC, wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
Prof. Eitan Altman, INRIA, Sophia-Antipolis, Cedex, FRANCE,
Eitan.Altman@sophia.inria.fr</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
Prof. Anthony Ephremides, University of Maryland, College Park, MD,
tony@eng.umd.edu</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
Mr. Joseph Macker, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC,
macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
Prof. Harlan B. Russell, Clemson University, Clemson, SC,
hrussel@hubcap.clemson.edu</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
Dr. Martha Steenstrup, Stow Research L.L.C., Flanders, NJ,
steenie@rcn.com</font></div>
<div><font color="#000000"><br>
Prof. Stephen Wicker, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY,
wicker@ee.cornell.edu</font></div>
</body>
</html>
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Dear sir

Iam keenly interested about MANET

i would like to know the  current problems which limits the MANET and the recent inventions needed  for MANET

Thanking you

yours sincerely

k.b.prasad
> >



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<DIV>
<P>Dear sir</P>
<P>Iam keenly interested about MANET</P>
<P>i would like to know the&nbsp; current problems which limits the MANET and the recent inventions needed&nbsp; for MANET</P>
<P>Thanking you</P>
<P>yours sincerely</P>
<P>k.b.prasad<BR>&gt; &gt;<BR></P></DIV><p><font face=arial size=-1>
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<font face=arial size=-1>Post your <a href="http://yahoo.shaadi.com" target="_blank"><b>profile</a></b>.</font>
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Message-ID: <007c01c38524$581369d0$6a14db8d@win.ee.mtu.edu>
From: "Leiyuan Li" <leli@mtu.edu>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Date: Sat, 27 Sep 2003 14:22:43 -0400
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Hi,
I'm a graduate student doing research on MANET security.  After =
reviewing some papers, I have a question: what is the basic criteria for =
people to pick up certain behavior in MANET runtime as potential =
attacking behavior?  Some attack behaviors described in different papers =
seems pretty much the same in their basic behavior pattern, so I think =
they should be categorized as one type of attacks, ie. using certain =
pattern of activity to achieve certain illegal benefits.  I wonder if =
there is any existing categorization of the definitions of different =
kinds of attack? =20
Thanks.
Leiyuan Li
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
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<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I'm a graduate student doing research =
on MANET=20
security.&nbsp; After reviewing&nbsp;some papers, I have a question: =
what is the=20
basic criteria for people to pick up certain behavior in MANET runtime =
as=20
potential attacking behavior?&nbsp; Some attack behaviors described in =
different=20
papers seems pretty much the same in their basic behavior pattern, so I =
think=20
they should be categorized as one type of attacks, ie. using certain =
pattern of=20
activity to achieve certain illegal benefits.&nbsp; I wonder if =
</FONT><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D2>there is any existing categorization of the =
definitions of=20
different kinds of attack?&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Leiyuan Li</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Sep 27 21:50:38 2003
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From: "Grzegorz Jablonski" <jablonsk@cs.bris.ac.uk>
To: "manet" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <007c01c38524$581369d0$6a14db8d@win.ee.mtu.edu>
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Hi,

I'm doing research in formal verification of MANETs. I'm building a
communication model, which I want to be consistent with 802.11 adhoc mode.

Say we have several 802.11 adhoc nodes with TCP/IP stack. No routing is
enabled. All nodes concurrently keep sending out broadcast datagram packets
to the network, at the same time listening for broadcast packets and
receiving all possible. Obviously, some messages get lost, so after the
experiment ends, different nodes will have received different sequences of
packets.

So the question is, for any two nodes, are all 'common' messages - received
by both nodes - received in the same order by each node?

I made an experiment which would suggest the answer is yes, and it's what I
assume. But if only routing was involved, the answer should be no. After
reading 802.11 spec, I'm still not sure if my assumption is right.

Greg


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From: Justin Lipman <justin@titr.uow.edu.au>
Reply-To: justin@titr.uow.edu.au
Organization: TITR
To: "manet" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Ordering of messages in 802.11
Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2003 14:51:32 +1000
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Hi,

> So the question is, for any two nodes, are all 'common' messages - received
> by both nodes - received in the same order by each node?
> I made an experiment which would suggest the answer is yes, and it's what I
> assume. But if only routing was involved, the answer should be no. After
> reading 802.11 spec, I'm still not sure if my assumption is right.


If I understand your question correctly then my answer regarding a multihop 
scenario would be possibly  "no".


> Say we have several 802.11 adhoc nodes with TCP/IP stack. No routing is
> enabled. All nodes concurrently keep sending out broadcast datagram packets
> to the network, at the same time listening for broadcast packets and
> receiving all possible. Obviously, some messages get lost, so after the
> experiment ends, different nodes will have received different sequences of
> packets.


If IEEE 802.11 is used and all nodes within the ad hoc network are "flooding" 
packets. I assume you are referring to "flooding" (broadcast datagrams). Then 
I think the arrival sequence of flooded packets would be subject to various 
non-deterministic delays due to the use of CSMA (random backoff) when 
broadcasting during flooding. No RTS/CTS/NAV is used. Hence different packets 
would experience different delays which may be dependent on node density 
(topology) and effects of random backoff. One other point is that inorder to 
implement flooding effectively, one needs to introduce some amount of jitter 
prior to rebroadcasting. So this may also have a delaying effect. 

I think if an optimised flooding algorithm is used then packets may travel 
different paths and thus introduce different delays too.

Kind regards,
Justin

-- 
PhD Candidate
Telecommunications & Information Technology Research Institute
School of Computer, Electrical & Telecommunications Engineering
University of Wollongong, Australia 
http://www.titr.uow.edu.au/~justin









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Subject: RE: [manet] Ordering of messages in 802.11
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Justin Lipman [mailto:justin@titr.uow.edu.au]
> Sent: Saturday, September 27, 2003 11:52 PM
> To: manet
> Cc: Grzegorz Jablonski

> > So the question is, for any two nodes, are all 'common'=20
> messages - received
> > by both nodes - received in the same order by each node?
> > I made an experiment which would suggest the answer is yes,=20
> and it's what I
> > assume. But if only routing was involved, the answer should=20
> be no. After
> > reading 802.11 spec, I'm still not sure if my assumption is right.
>=20
>=20
> If I understand your question correctly then my answer=20
> regarding a multihop=20
> scenario would be possibly  "no".

Hmmm. We're only talking an IEEE 802.11 as hoc network here, so I think =
the answer has to be yes. There's no routing involved. The hosts on this =
network must all be able to monitor the channel, much like hosts in a =
single, half-duplex, wired Ethernet LAN.

I think the reception times of frames will differ slightly between =
hosts, of course, but I think the reception order should be identical.

Now, if you go beyond the range of the single ad-hoc "basic service =
set," in order to reach other hosts in the 802.11 network, you will have =
to rely on the "distributed service" function, which means you'll have =
to install "access points." At this point, I think it's possible fort =
frames in different wireless domains will be ordered differently. But =
this is not a single ad-hoc 802.11 network, either.

That's my take on this.

Bert

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Subject: [manet] CMU extension to ns-2.26
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Hi,
 
Does CMU have the new CMU Wireless extension 1.1.2 for
ns2.26 ? following the suggestion on CMU web site, I
downloaded ns2.1b3 all in one using TCL8.0. It can not
be installed smoothly on redhat8.0 on my computer.

According to the mail list, ns2.26 absorbed CMU
Wireless extension. Does that means ad-hockey or other
tools in CMU wireless extension can work perfectly
with ns2.26, and I need not compile the /ns-src?

Do all the old samples on CMU wireless extension 1.1.2
can work smoothly?

CMU wireless extension1.1.2 is too old created in
1997. Why they did not release the new verson?
Just because new version is included in ns2.26?

Where I can find the detail document just like "The
CMU Monarch Project's Wireless and Mobility Extensions
to ns"? 
regards


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		       CALL FOR PARTICIPATION

  2003 ACM Workshop on Security of Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks (SASN)

     In conjunction with the 10th ACM Conference on Computer and
		    Communications Security (CCS)

			   October 31, 2003
		       George Mason University
			     Fairfax, VA

		      http://www.cs.gmu.edu/sasn
		       Sponsored by ACM SIGSAC

	  Registration is available via the ACM CCS website
	      http://www.acm.org/sigs/sigsac/ccs/CCS2003

-----------------------------------------------------------------
                   TECHNICAL PROGRAM
-----------------------------------------------------------------

8:30-8:45am:  Opening Remarks
Vipin Swarup and Sanjeev Setia (Workshop Co-Chairs)


8:45-10:00am:  Session 1: Ad Hoc Networks

* A Security Design for a General Purpose, Self-Organizing,
  Multihop Ad Hoc Wireless Network.
  Tom Messerges (Motorola Labs, USA), Johnas Cukier (Mitsubishi Labs,
  USA), Tom A.M. Kevenaar (Philips Electronics, Netherlands), Larry
  Puhl (Motorola Labs, USA), Rene Struik (Certicom, Canada), and Ed
  Callaway (Motorola Labs, USA)

* Modeling Vulnerabilities of Ad Hoc Routing Protocols.
  Shahan Yang and John S. Baras (University of Maryland, College Park,
  USA)

* SECTOR: Secure Tracking of Node Encounters in Multi-hop Wireless
  Networks.
  Srdjan Capkun, Levente Buttyan, and Jean-Pierre Hubaux
  (EPFL, Switzerland)


10:00-10:20:  Break


10:20-11:35am:  Session 2: Authentication

* Identity Certified Authentication for Ad-hoc Networks.
  Andre Weimerskirch (Ruhr-University, Germany) and Dirk Westhoff (NEC
  Labs, Germany)

* An Approach to Certificate Path Discovery in Mobile Ad Hoc
  Networks.
  He Huang (North Carolina State University, USA) and S. Felix Wu
  (University of California, Davis, USA)

* A certificate revocation scheme for wireless ad hoc networks.
  Claude Crepeau and Carlton R. Davis (McGill University, Canada)


11:35-11:45:  Break

11:45-12:45pm:  Invited Keynote Talk:  David Wagner (University of
		California, Berkeley, USA)

12:45-1:45pm:  Lunch

1:45-2:00pm:  Invited Talk: Cliff Wang (U.S. Army Research Office)


2:00-3:15pm:  Session 3: Sensor Networks

* Random Key Assignment for Secure Wireless Sensor Networks.
  Roberto Di Pietro, Luigi V. Mancini, and Alessandro Mei (University
  of Rome "La Sapienza", Italy)

* Location-Based Pairwise Key Establishment for Static Sensor Networks.
  Donggang Liu and Peng Ning (North Carolina State University, USA)

* Security Support for In-Network Processing in Wireless Sensor
  Networks.
  Jing Deng, Richard Han, and Shivakant Mishra (University of
  Colorado, Boulder, USA)

3:15-3:35:  Break

3:35-4:50pm:  Session 4: Secure Group Management

* Secure Multicast Groups on Ad Hoc Networks.
  T. Kaya, G. Lin, G. Noubir, A. Yilmaz (Northeastern University, USA)

* Admission Control in Peer-to-Peer: Design and Performance Evaluation.
  Nitesh Saxena, Gene Tsudik, and Jeong Hyun Yi (University of
  California, Irvine, USA)

* Secure Long Term Communities In Ad Hoc Networks.
  Nicolas Prigent (Thomson Research & Supelec, France), Christophe
  Bidan (Supelec, France), Jean-Pierre Andreaux (Thomson Research,
  France), and Olivier Heen (Thomson Research, France)

4:50-5:00:  Break

5:00-5:50pm:  Session 5: Intrusion Detection

* A Specification-Based Intrusion Detection System For AODV.
  Chin-Yang Tseng, Poornima Balasubramanyam, Calvin Ko, Rattapon
  Limprasittiporn, Jeff Rowe, and Karl Levitt (University of
  California, Davis and Network Associates Labs, USA)

* A Cooperative Intrusion Detection System for Ad Hoc Networks.
  Yi-an Huang and Wenke Lee (Georgia Tech, USA)



---------------------------------------------------------
                         ORGANIZERS
---------------------------------------------------------

Workshop Co-Chairs:

    Vipin Swarup, The MITRE Corporation
    Sanjeev Setia, George Mason University

Program Committee:

    Virgil Gligor, University of Maryland at College Park
    Zygmunt Haas, Cornell University
    Jean-Pierre Hubaux, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne
    Brian Levine, University of Massachusetts at Amherst
    Songwu Lu, University of California at Los Angeles
    Luigi Mancini, University of Rome "La Sapienza"
    Peng Ning, North Carolina State University
    Adrian Perrig, Carnegie Mellon University
    Radha Poovendran, University of Washington at Seattle
    Emilia Rosti, University of Milan
    David Wagner, University of California at Berkeley

============================================================ 


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Sep 30 10:11:40 2003
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From: "Koojana Kuladinithi" <koo@comnets.uni-bremen.de>
To: <idc@cs.ucsb.edu>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: AW: [manet] Clarification on RFC 3561 (current time & updating route lifetime)
Date: Tue, 30 Sep 2003 16:12:14 +0200
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Hi Ian

Section 6.2 pf RFC 3561 says following. 
When an ordinary (i.e. non-AODV) packet is received, if routes exist, then
they should be updated (lifetime) to destination next hop to destination
Source.
 
If destination is equal to next hop, then the lifetime of the 
destination updates as long as the data packets go.

But, if we use Hello messages to detect the link break to next hop, in the
above case, we found that the lifetime of the destination never expires due
to incomming packets and we can"t detect the link break using Hello
messages.

Has this problem been addressed in the RFC or 
Should we update route lifetime of destination that is equal to the next
hop, solely due to Hello messages?

Kind regards

Koojana

University of Bremen
FB 1 - IKOM/ComNets
Koojana Kuladinithi BSc, MSc
Otto-Hahn-Allee NW 1
28359 Bremen - Germany


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Sep 30 10:14:27 2003
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From: =?iso-8859-2?Q?Mesut_G=FCnes?= <mesut@i4.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Date: Tue, 30 Sep 2003 16:13:07 +0200
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Subject: [manet] New Version of MobilityVisualizer
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Hello,

we have published a new version of our visualization tool.
You can download it from our website.

http://www.adhoc-nets.de

The jar-package contains also the source code of the tool.


Sincerly

Mesut G=FCne=BA

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		 Tue, 30 Sep 2003 18:32:36 +0200
Subject: [manet] Call for Papers: WiOpt'04
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Apologies if you receive multiple copies of this call!

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Note:  The submission deadline is 5th of November, 2003.


        ***************************************************
        ********       2nd  CALL FOR PAPERS        ********
        ***************************************************
        *                                                 *
        *                   WiOpt '04                     *
        *                                                 *
        *     2nd Workshop on Modeling and Optimization   *
        *      in Mobile, Ad Hoc and Wireless Networks    *
        *                                                 *
        *        March 24 - 26, 2004, Cambridge, UK       *
        *                                                 *
        *                                                 *
        ***************************************************


                         Workshop Website:
           http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/Research/SRG/wiopt04/


This workshop is intended to bring together leading researchers from
both academia and industry to present both foundations and practical
methods and tools for modeling and optimisation of mobile and ad hoc
networks.  The workshop will bring together researchers studying
optimisation issues of mobile networks from both the network
performance and the mobile networking perspectives:

*  Mobile Network Optimisation: Applications and Algorithms
*  Performance characterisation and optimisation of
   mobile/wireless networks and systems
*  Protocol design (MAC, Routing) for optimal mobile network
   utilisation
*  Tools for network optimisation
*  Energy efficiency in mobile networks
*  Security and co-operation models for mobile networks
*  Pricing and incentives in mobile and ad hoc networks.

Papers to be presented at WiOpt'04 will be selected based on extended
abstracts of up to 8 pages, double-spaced, 12 point font size. The
submission should not exceed 3000 words including tables and figures,
each of which count as 250 words.  Authors of accepted presentations
will have the opportunity to publish either the extended abstract or
the full paper in a proceedings volume. Full papers will further be
considered for publication in a special issue of the MONET journal. 

Plenary Speakers:

Bruce Hajek (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA) 
Ian Akyildiz (Georgia Institute of Technology, USA) 


IMPORTANT DATES:
Submission of extended abstract: Nov.  5, 2003.
Notification of acceptance:      Jan. 15, 2003.
Camera ready copy:               Feb. 15, 2003.

(Further details on the workshop website,
http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/Research/SRG/wiopt04/)



General chairman: Imrich Chlamtac

Vice General Chair: Roger Whitaker 

Program Co-Chairs: Marco Conti and Tamer Basar

Program committee of the conference:

Eitan Altman, Venkat Anantharam, Konstantin Avrachenkov, Andrew
Campbell, X. Cao, A. Chockalingam, Jon Crowcroft, Anthony Ephremides,
Silvia Giordano, Stephen V. Hanly, Jean-Pierre Hubaux, Holger Karl,
Peter Key, P. R. Kumar, Peter Marbach, Derek Mcauley, Archan Misra,
Philippe Nain, Sven Oestring, Yoshikuni Onozato, Ariel Orda, Ramesh
Rao, Catherine Rosenberg, Ness Shroff, Violet Syrotiuk, Thierry
Turletti, Adam Wolisz, Jeff Wieselthier, Moshe Zukerman

Local Arrangements Co-Chair: Sven Oestring, Julian Chesterfield and
	Rajiv Chakravorty  

Treasurer: Meng How Lim

Publicity Chair: Holger Karl


The workshop is co-sponsored by
        * Univ. of Cambridge
        * IIT (Istituto di Informatica e Telematica)
        * IEEE IT Society (technical co-sponsorship)
(ACM sponsorship is pending.)

Additional financial support is provided by:
        * Intel
        * Microsoft Research



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Sep 30 13:29:32 2003
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From: jayanthi@egr.msu.edu
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Date: Tue, 30 Sep 2003 17:28:01 -0000
To: <manet@ietf.org>
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Subject: [manet] Need input for choosing a simulation package
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Hello,

I am currently looking into simulating directional antenna 
for MANETs.  From the academic literature, I get the 
impression that Qualnet/Glomosim, OPNET and sometimes 
NS-2 have been used by various groups for simulating 
routing protocols using directional communication. 

I would very much appreciate any advice/comments/opinion 
on which simulation package might be the best for my 
purpose.

Thanks,
Jayanthi Rao



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Sep 30 15:53:42 2003
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Date: Tue, 30 Sep 2003 12:51:48 -0700
To: "Koojana Kuladinithi" <koo@comnets.uni-bremen.de>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE:AW: [manet] Clarification on RFC 3561 (current time & updating route lifetime)
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There must be separate hello timer associated with each neighbor. The
lifetime field in the routing table cannot be used to indicated loss
of connectivity to a neighbor. See manet and aodvimpl mailing list
archives, I believe this was discussed.

Here is an example, consider the network A-B-C where A is sending
packets to C. B, must receive a hello message or other message from C
within hello_interval*allowed_hello_loss. If B does not, it will
detect a loss of connectivity to C.

The link connectivity between C and B is independent the lifetime
field. The lifetime is influenced by A sending packets to C through B.

I hope this helps.
Ian Chakeres

>Koojana Kuladinithi wrote:
>Hi Ian
>
>Section 6.2 pf RFC 3561 says following. 
>When an ordinary (i.e. non-AODV) packet is received, if routes exist, then
>they should be updated (lifetime) to destination next hop to destination
>Source.
> 
>If destination is equal to next hop, then the lifetime of the 
>destination updates as long as the data packets go.
>
>But, if we use Hello messages to detect the link break to next hop, in the
>above case, we found that the lifetime of the destination never expires due
>to incomming packets and we can"t detect the link break using Hello
>messages.
>
>Has this problem been addressed in the RFC or 
>Should we update route lifetime of destination that is equal to the next
>hop, solely due to Hello messages?
>
>Kind regards
>
>Koojana
>
>University of Bremen
>FB 1 - IKOM/ComNets
>Koojana Kuladinithi BSc, MSc
>Otto-Hahn-Allee NW 1
>28359 Bremen - Germany
>

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From: "samir.chihi" <samir.chihi@voila.fr>
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Subject: [manet] 802.11 MAC : Beacon frame
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 Hi, 
 I want to know the fields of the beacon frame ?
 How we could use the beacon frame for data collection ?

Best regards
------------------------------------------

Faites un voeu et puis Voila ! www.voila.fr 



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Date: Wed, 01 Oct 2003 10:20:54 +0900
From: Soohong Daniel Park <soohong.park@samsung.com>
Subject: RE: [manet] 802.11 MAC : Beacon frame
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To: samir.chihi@voila.fr, manet@ietf.org
Cc: "'Soohong Daniel Park'" <soohong.park@samsung.com>
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Beacon frame is one of management frame not data frame.

Management frame format:
             2 (octets)        2            6       6            6
2                     0-2312            4
[Frame Control] [Duration] [DA] [SA] [BSSID] [Sequence Control] [Frame
body] [FCS]


Beacon frame (Type=00 / Subtype=1000)
 
[Timestamp][Beacon Interval][Capability Information][SSID][Supported
rates] 
[FH parameter set][DS parameter set][CF parameter set][IBSS parameter
set][TIM]





Regards

Daniel (Soohong Daniel Park)
Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics




> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On
> Behalf Of samir.chihi
> Sent: Wednesday, October 01, 2003 6:30 AM
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: [manet] 802.11 MAC : Beacon frame
>
>
>  Hi,
>  I want to know the fields of the beacon frame ?
>  How we could use the beacon frame for data collection ?
>
> Best regards
> ------------------------------------------
>
> Faites un voeu et puis Voila ! www.voila.fr
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 


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<P><FONT size=2>Beacon frame is one of management frame not data 
frame.<BR><BR>Management frame 
format:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
2 (octets)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
0-2312&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
4<BR>[Frame Control] [Duration] [DA] [SA] [BSSID] [Sequence Control] [Frame 
body] [FCS]<BR></FONT></P>
<DIV><FONT size=2>Beacon frame (Type=00 / Subtype=1000)</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2><FONT face=&#44404;&#47548; color=#0000ff></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2><FONT face=&#44404;&#47548; color=#0000ff>[Timestamp][Beacon 
Interval][Capability Information][SSID][Supported rates] </FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2><FONT face=&#44404;&#47548; color=#0000ff>[FH parameter set][DS parameter 
set][CF parameter set][IBSS parameter set][TIM]</FONT></DIV>
<P><FONT face=&#44404;&#47548; color=#0000ff></FONT><FONT face=&#44404;&#47548; 
color=#0000ff></FONT><BR><BR><BR><BR>Regards<BR><BR>Daniel (Soohong Daniel 
Park)<BR>Mobile Platform Laboratory, SAMSUNG Electronics<BR><BR><BR><BR><BR>&gt; 
-----Original Message-----<BR>&gt; From: manet-admin@ietf.org [<A 
href="mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org">mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org</A>] On<BR>&gt; 
Behalf Of samir.chihi<BR>&gt; Sent: Wednesday, October 01, 2003 6:30 AM<BR>&gt; 
To: manet@ietf.org<BR>&gt; Subject: [manet] 802.11 MAC : Beacon 
frame<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;&nbsp; Hi,<BR>&gt;&nbsp; I want to know the fields 
of the beacon frame ?<BR>&gt;&nbsp; How we could use the beacon frame for data 
collection ?<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Best regards<BR>&gt; 
------------------------------------------<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; Faites un voeu et 
puis Voila ! www.voila.fr<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; 
_______________________________________________<BR>&gt; manet mailing 
list<BR>&gt; manet@ietf.org<BR>&gt; <A 
href="https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet">https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet</A><BR>&gt; 
</FONT></P></BODY></HTML>

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