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Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:10:52 -0800
From: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
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Subject: [manet] Comments on draft-clausen-manet-ospf-dbx-00.txt
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To the authors of draft-clausen-manet-ospf-dbx-00.txt,

I have a few quick comments on the draft.
I'm not sure why you are focusing on OSPFv2.
The OSPF WG has decided to focus on OSPFv3, e.g.
http://peach.ease.lsoft.com/scripts/wa.exe?A2=ind0311&L=ospf&T=0&F=&S=&P=10149

Your scheme seems to imply that a prefix can be used to identify a set
of LSAs.  In OSPFv3, address and prefix information has been removed
from Router and Network LSAs (and moved to new LSA types), which express
topology information using 32-bit Router IDs. Router IDs need not be
related to addresses and need not have a common prefix.

So I am not sure exactly how your proposed scheme will apply to OSPFv3.
I'm not saying it can't be applied, only that it it does not
seem straighforward or natural. Have you thought about this?

However, as I have proposed in draft-ogier-manet-ospf-extension-00.txt,
I agree that the concept of Complete Sequence Numbers Packets (CSNP)
of IS-IS (or equivalently, periodic Database Description (DD) Packets),
can be used both for reliable flooding of LSAs and for database
exchange with new neighbors.

We all agree that it would generate too much overhead to have every
MANET node transmit a full set of DD or CSNP packets periodically.
You are proposing to reduce this overhead by using "prefix signatures"
(using CRC checksums). I am instead proposing to reduce this
overhead either by having only a few nodes (CDS nodes) transmit
these periodic messages, or (if MPRs are used) by having each node
transmit LS sequence numbers (or LSA headers) only for LSAs originating
from nodes u such that p(u) is an MPR selector, where p(u) is a
consistently chosen next hop to node u.

I am not sure which approach will perform better (but it probably
depends on the scenario and other aspects of the protocol).
Do you have any simulation results for you proposed scheme?

Regards,
Richard




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From: "Marcin Michalak" <marcin@telscom.ch>
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Subject: [manet] Which frame?
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Hello,
 I'm reading the 802.11 specification and am a bit confused. In 
section 7.2.2 there are 4 types of data frames that are used: which 
of them is used in MANETs? I particularly mean Table 4 there - which 
addresses are used and how are the Address 1,2,3,4 used?
 I'd be grateful for a short explaination.
  Regards,
  Marcin Michalak
----------------------------------------------------------
Marcin Michalak		Research Engineer
Mobile: +41 79 330 83 51	Telscom AG		


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These are good questions, and here are my belated comments.

On Feb 21, 2004, at 5:18 PM, Dong Wang wrote:

> Hi,
> =A0
> =A0=A0=A0 Recently, I read several papers about topology control. My=20=

> understanding is that, topology control algorithms generate, or=20
> derive, a simpler topology from the original one constructed under the=20=

> common maximum transmission range. And all routing algorithms then=20
> select routes based on the new topology.
> =A0
> =A0=A0=A0 Here are several points that I don't quite understand:
> 	 1.  	While maintaining connectivity,=A0topology control aims =
at saving=20
> energy by considering each node or considering the network as a whole?

Energy conservation is only one possible goal. The other, in my mind is=20=

interference reduction and hence capacity increase. If certain=20
conditions are met, decreasing the power while still keeping the=20
network biconnected often results in better throughput. Large number of=20=

nodes operating at max power close together are susceptible to the=20
"parking lot" problem where they come up, are unable to get their=20
discovery messages through and so self-organization fails.

People motivating topology control for energy savings should carefully=20=

consider the practical aspects. For instance, in many transceivers,=20
transmit power reduction is done by adding more resistors in the path,=20=

which does nothing to save energy.


> 	 2.  	Seems each node adjusts its transmission level only when =
the=20
> original network topology has been changed, no matter which node it's=20=

> going to transmit data to, does it?

In most papers I am aware of, yes. Note that the way papers treat=20
topology control de facto defines the concept, but that does not mean=20
that that is necessarily the way it should be (see below for=20
elaboration).

> 	 3.  	Topology control removes some connectivity information =
from the=20
> original topology, however, I observed that such a removed link=20
> between a node and one of=A0its neighbors may be the part of the=20
> optimal=A0route (which costs the lest energy) to a destination,=20
> therefore topology control actually deviates from its purpose -- save=20=

> energy.

It depends upon the particular topology control algorithm. If you=20
ensure that this never happens i.e, you never remove a link A->B unless=20=

there is a lower energy path A->C1...->Ck->B, this shouldn't happen?

If my recollection is right, the excellent paper by Roduplo and Meng=20
(appeared in a JSAC special issue 3-4 years ago) formally sets up the=20
conditiionns for this and gives an algorithm for topology control that=20=

is provably minimal energy (again, it is only my recollection, you=20
should check it out).

But more generally, yes, topology control may result in excluding=20
certain links that are physically possible from the purview of the=20
routing control system, to the possible detriment of the performance.=20
To extend your point to the interference reduction motivation, topology=20=

control may remove a link that is part of the optimal route, causing=20
packets to take longer routes and increasing the net interference.

In other words, topology control (as commonly used) deliberately=20
eliminates some resources (links) from being used. Why is this any=20
good? Why not *know* about them but be selective in their use?

An answer to this needs context about the alternatives, and the=20
tradeoffs involved. So, to put this in perspective, let me go up one=20
level. I classify such control into three, and generalize it so it=20
doesn't just apply to "power" but more generally, radio parameters. Let=20=

T be the richest possible topology resulting from the maximal use of=20
parameters (e.g. maximum power). There are three kinds of parameter=20
control.

1. Physical topology control. Here, node parameters are adjusted so=20
that you get a topology that is a subset of T. Routing is given T and=20
has to work with it. This is the implicit definition of topology=20
control as used today (to my knowledge).
2. Routing topology control. Here, T is discovered and given to routing=20=

protocol. The routing protocol then deliberately excludes certain links=20=

from consideration as part of the topology database. It can change the=20=

links it is "blind to" depending on the situation,
3. Per packet control. This is strictly not topology control. Here, T=20
is discovered and given to the routing protocol. The routing protocol=20
uses all of its links in its routing database. When a packet is to be=20
transmitted from A to B, power is reduced to just what is required.=20
This relates to what I think you have in mind when you asked question=20
#2.

As I said, the word "topology control" has generally come to mean=20
"physical topology control". However, in the late 1980's there was an=20
obscure but very good paper by Nachum Shacham that used topology=20
control as routing topology control. Per packet control as in #3 is=20
routinely used by military contractors who have been building ad hoc=20
networks for a living.

Now for the pros and cons. The main observation is that there is a=20
tradeoff between control overhead and the information. So #2 reduces=20
overhead over #1 by being selectively "blind" to the changes in some=20
percentage of the links ignoring their state. And #3 reduces overhead=20
further by eliminating the need to even maintain (from a discovery=20
point of view) neighbors. So for the same T' \subset of T produced by=20
routing topology control and physical topology control, physical=20
topology control has less overhead as it doesn't need to worry about=20
some neighbors at all. Also, Hello interference is reduced. Plus, only=20=

#1 above eliminates the parking lot problem. Finally, doing #3 means=20
adjusting power in the (fast) forwarding path, which might be a problem=20=

for high speed wireless networks.

So now to answer your question. Keepinng around that link that gave you=20=

the optimal path requires some work -- control overhead wise, and=20
protocol complexity wise. Topology control (physical/routing)=20
essentially takes the position that by giving up some links for=20
simplicity and reduced overhead (which in turn burns energy and=20
increases interference), you may actually win out because the=20
situations like you describe are (maybe) rare.

Now, whether or not this position is justified is anybody's guess. I=20
know of no work that compares, say, #1, #2 and #3. Or even articulates=20=

the position, or justifies it over per packet control. Most minds=20
(including mine) are seduced by the inifinitely rich graph theoretic=20
and distributed algorithm possibilities :-}).

I apologize for the long winded answer, but I hope it gives you a=20
fuller picture. More importantly, I hope it encourages you (and others)=20=

to look into this "diferent kinds of topology control" further. There=20
is a lot of scope for further research here.

-Ram

P.S. The terms "physical topology control" and "routing topology=20
control" are not standard.

> =A0=A0=A0 I will appreciate your explanation. Thank you.
> =A0
> Gary W
> University of Minnesota


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Subject: RE: [manet] hello protocols inappropriate for link sensing?
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Hi Dave,

I think your assumption is about right.  I just hedged my language
because so many people I've encountered don't appreciate the severity of
the problem or the necessity of solving it for MANET implementation.

:-)

We are about to do some field tests here, but from what I read in the
papers, it happens well over 50% of the time.  Because its solution
often involves timeouts, it leads to a very significant loss in
throughput.  I made the suggestion because we've noticed a number of
papers in which the false routes seem to be a difficulty, but the
practitioners attribute it to other sources and miss the essence of the
problem.  The severity of the problem would depend on such things as the
waveform in use, node density, data rates, and the fading factor.  For
example, if one selects a high fading factor to ensure high reliability
on usable links, one simultaneously increases the probability of RREPs
from nodes over unreliable links.  

According to our calculations, there are some things that can be done,
but I would say that at this point there is no silver bullet and the
ultimate solution will probably involve a coordinated effort on the part
of the three lowest OSI layers.

John Mullen

-----Original Message-----
From: David Young [mailto:dyoung@pobox.com] 
Sent: Friday, February 27, 2004 9:23 PM
To: John Mullen
Cc: 'Charles E. Perkins'; manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] hello protocols inappropriate for link sensing?


On Thu, Feb 26, 2004 at 05:00:39PM -0700, John Mullen wrote:
> Hi David,
> 
> Your interpretation may be right, but I suggest you look at a log of 
> RREQ and RREP packets.  A great deal of capacity is lost due to 
> occasional successes over unreliable links, causing unreliable routes 
> to be chosen, which then fail.  That is, there may be another cause 
> for the symptoms you describe.

It is an OSPF network, but I know what you mean in the abstract about
RREQ/RREP succeeding over unreliable links.  The network in question has
no alternative routes, so I don't think that's the problem.

I am surprised if the RREQ/RREP packets' successes on marginal links are
only occasional.  I am interested to hear more about that. I have
pessimistically assumed that RREQ/RREP discovery frequently yields paths
that carry small RREQ/RREP packets fine, but which perform badly with
longish TCP segments.

Dave

-- 
David Young             OJC Technologies
dyoung@ojctech.com      Urbana, IL * (217) 278-3933


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From: Jaehoon Jeong <jaehoon_paul@yahoo.com>
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Hi Maneters,

I send my presentation material in order to discuss
"MANET IP Address Autoconfiguration Issues" today
afternoon as follows;
 - PPT file:
  
http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-jaehoon.ppt
 - PDF file:
  
http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-jaehoon.pdf

If participants read this material, you can prepare
the discussion well. Also, those who cannot take part
in this Seoul meeting can comment on my drafts by
email.

Thanks.

Regards,
Jaehoon Paul Jeong

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Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 10:44:03 -0800
From: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
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Subject: Re: [manet] (no subject) CDS vs. MPRs
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All,

In this message I will try to summarize and address several comments
and questions recently posted regarding MPR/CDS flooding in MANETs,
and to suggest what I think is a good solution, based on some
preliminary simulations I did over the weekend. (I plan to post
more complete simulation results sometime next week.)
I am not at the meeting this week, but hopefully some of these
comments will be addressed at the meeting.

The recent comments I am addressing include the following:

1. Some nodes may not be able to determine the neighbor (previous hop)
   that transmitted the flooded packet.
2. Reliability (i.e., packet loss) is a concern.
3. A CDS can be computed based on 2-hop neighbor information,
   without having to compute or advertise MPRs.

Making the forwarding decision independent of the previous hop
not only addresses item 1, but also improves reliability (item 2).
This is because a given flooded packet might not be received
from a particular neighbor (e.g., MPR selector) due
to a collision or bad link, but might be received from some
other neighbor (in which case the node can still relay
the packet if the forwarding decision is independent of
the previous hop).

A second factor that can influence reliability is the
selection of MPRs using the greedy algorithm (based on
differential degree). This results in MPRs that are close
to the perimeter of the reception region and are therefore
more likely to be short lived or unstable. This issue can
be addressed by using min ID instead of the greedy algorithm.
(Using min ID also results in a faster, simpler algorithm.)

If min ID is used, then another advantage is that nodes can
select themselves as MPRs (or as CDS nodes) based only
on 2-hop neighbor information. This allows faster recovery
from link breakages, since a node can select itself as an
MPR or CDS node immediately when a neighbor node reports
a link breakage.

Therefore, as someone suggested, it might be best to have an
algorithm in which each node decides whether it should be in
the CDS based on 2-hop neighbor information, as long as:

1. The number of the nodes in the CDS is close to the
   minimum achievable based on this information.
2. Packets that are flooded via the CDS reach all nodes
   along paths that are approximately min-hop.

Moreover, as I suggested recently, we can require all nodes
to participate in the CDS flooding algorithm, but allow a node
the OPTION to also forward a flooded packet if the node is
a (self-selected) MPR of the first neighbor from which
the packet was received.  This option can be used if
the node can determine the previous hop, and if it is
important for the packet to be flooded along min-hop paths.

Over the weekend, I ran some simulations to compare a
CDS algorithm based on 2-hop neighbor information, to
the MPR-based CDS defined by Rules 1 and 2 in the INRIA report
http://www.inria.fr/rrrt/rr-4597.html

(Note that the MPR-based CDS is NOT based only on 2-hop neighbor
information, but actually 3-hop neighbor information, since
MPRs are based on 2-hop information and are advertised to
neighbors.)

500 nodes were randomly placed in a unit square, with
transmission radius equal to 0.4, which resulted in
a network of diameter 4. The results are averaged
over 10 random graphs.  The following measures are compared
for the MPR-based CDS algorithm and the CDS algorithm
based only on 2-hop neighbor information (which will be
described in my report next week).

- Average size of the CDS
- Average length (hops) of min-hop paths between all pairs
- Average length (hops) of CDS paths between all pairs (using
  only CDS nodes as intermediate nodes).
- Ratio of the above two average lengths

Results for the MPR-based CDS:
  Average CDS size: 19.10
  Average length of min-hop paths: 1.808
  Average length of CDS paths: 1.960
  Ratio of CDS hops to min hops: 1.084 (8.4% increase)

Results for the CDS based only on 2-hop neighbor info:
  Average CDS size: 15.80
  Average length of min-hop paths: 1.808
  Average length of CDS paths: 1.986
  Ratio of CDS hops to min hops: 1.098 (9.8% increase)

Other CDS algorithms can be used, which may result in
more CDS nodes but shorter paths.
BTW, the average size of the CDS consisting of all MPRs was
about 200.

The above results are preliminary, and simulations are needed
with mobile nodes that measure packet loss, etc.
But the above results and arguments indicate that
the best solution might be to use a CDS based only
on 2-hop neighbor information.

Regards,
Richard



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To: Jaehoon Jeong <jaehoon_paul@yahoo.com>, manet@ietf.org
From: Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
Subject: Re: [manet] MANET Address Autoconf Issues
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At 03:03 PM 3/1/2004, Jaehoon Jeong wrote:
>Hi Maneters,
>
>I send my presentation material in order to discuss
>"MANET IP Address Autoconfiguration Issues" today
>afternoon as follows;
> - PPT file:

I, for one, will not be there so here are a few comments.
In summary, I do not agree with your requirements.
They are too strict.

We should support multiple way of configuring MANETs
just as a real network supports this in multiple ways.

The use of MUSTs MUST be carefully considered.

There are a few common problem areas I think we can define
and potentially work on. (e.g., flooding service,etc)

-Joe
>  
>http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-jaehoon.ppt
> - PDF file:
>  
>http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-jaehoon.pdf
>
>If participants read this material, you can prepare
>the discussion well. Also, those who cannot take part
>in this Seoul meeting can comment on my drafts by
>email.
>
>Thanks.
>
>Regards,
>Jaehoon Paul Jeong
>
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            ***************************************************
            ******           CALL FOR PAPERS          *********
            ***************************************************
            *                                                 *
            *               IEEE/IFIP MWCN 2004               *
            * The Sixth IEEE/IFIP International Conference on *
            *  Mobile and Wireless Communications Networks    *
            *                                                 *
            *      Paris, France,  25 - 27 October, 2004      *
            *                                                 *
            *             http://mwcn2004.lri.fr/             *
            ***************************************************


MWCN 2004 is the sixth annual international conference dedicated to
advancing research on mobile wireless networks.  In the past few
years, there has been growing interest in integrating stand-alone
mobile networks with infrastructured wireless networks to create more
robust and adaptable wireless networks.  To further encourage research
in this area, the theme of this years conference is:

** Convergence of Mobile Wireless Networks and the Internet **

You are invited to submit original papers to the conference for
review.  Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the
following areas:

 * Mobile network architecture
 * Resource and information management
 * Mobility support, protocols, and algorithms
 * Connection management
 * Applications
 * Mobile ad hoc networks
 * Wireless local area networks
 * Analysis and simulation of mobile networks
 * Evaluation of mobile network testbeds
 * Mobile network security
 * Quality of service
 * Energy efficiency of protocols and devices


All papers should be submitted electronically in Portable Document
Format (PDF).  Submissions should be in English, and the maximum page
length is 6 pages in no smaller than 10 point font.  The name and
affiliation of all authors should be included on the paper, and the
contact information for the lead author should be included in a cover
page.  Full submission instructions can be found at
http://mwcn2004.lri.fr


IMPORTANT DATES
---------------

Submission deadline:        March 31, 2004, 11:59PM PST
Notification of acceptance: June 1, 2004
Camera-ready deadline:      July 1, 2004
Conference:                 25-27 October 2004



Conference General Chairs
-------------------------

Khaldoun Al Agha
LRI, University of Paris XI, France
khaldoun.alagha@lri.fr

Guy Pujolle
University of Paris VI, Francs
guy.pujolle@lip6.fr


Conference Technical Program Chair 
----------------------------------

Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer
University of California, Santa Barbara
ebelding@cs.ucsb.edu





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From: Jaehoon Jeong <jaehoon_paul@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] MANET Address Autoconf Issues
To: Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>, manet@ietf.org
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Dear Macker,

--- Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil> wrote:
> At 03:03 PM 3/1/2004, Jaehoon Jeong wrote:
> >Hi Maneters,
> >
> >I send my presentation material in order to discuss
> >"MANET IP Address Autoconfiguration Issues" today
> >afternoon as follows;
> > - PPT file:
> 
> I, for one, will not be there so here are a few
> comments.
> In summary, I do not agree with your requirements.
> They are too strict.
> 
> We should support multiple way of configuring MANETs
> just as a real network supports this in multiple
> ways.
> 


You are right in the aspect of address selection.
I agree with you that MANET can allow several
configuration methods;
  - DHCPv4 or DHCPv6
  - IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconf
  - Dynamic Configuration of Link-Local IPv4 Addresses
  - Manual Configuration
  - etc.

As you know, MANET address autoconf seems to consist
of the following four steps;

 Step 1: Address selection
         How to select one of IP addresses in the
         address space. 

 Step 2: Duplicate address detection
         How to detect a duplicate address

 Step 3: Address change negotiation
         Which node should perform a reallocation
         procedure

 Step 4: Maintenance of upper-layer sessions
         How to let an upper-layer session avoid
         a connection breakage 

Especially, it seems that you talk about address
selection problem of Step 1.
Whichever address selection mechanism a mobile node
uses, a unified DAD mechanism is required.

> The use of MUSTs MUST be carefully considered.
> 

Sure, I will carefully replace MUSTs with another
through the discussion with MANET members including
authors.

> There are a few common problem areas I think we can
> define
> and potentially work on. (e.g., flooding
> service,etc)
> 

Do you mean that we can use a general flooding service
for DAD operation?
If so, is it not so general a requirement?
Anyway, I agree with you that there are other problem
areas. 
We authors need your feedback and will reflect your
comments and suggestions to a revised requirements
draft.

Thanks.

Regards,
Paul

> -Joe
> >  
>
>http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-jaehoon.ppt
> > - PDF file:
> >  
>
>http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-jaehoon.pdf
> >
> >If participants read this material, you can prepare
> >the discussion well. Also, those who cannot take
> part
> >in this Seoul meeting can comment on my drafts by
> >email.
> >
> >Thanks.
> >
> >Regards,
> >Jaehoon Paul Jeong
> >
> >__________________________________
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> 
> 


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Folks presenting this afternoon, if you are online, please send
me your slides.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


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Dear all,

Do you think that using IPv6 packets consume significant energy because =
of the length of their headers? What would be the possible solutions for =
addressing fin wireless sensor networks if they work stand alone or =
connect to the Internet? Can you please reference me to some of the =
publications related to use of IPv6 in wireless sensor networks?=20

Many thanks,
Mona
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1106" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Dear all,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Do you think that&nbsp;using =
IPv6&nbsp;packets=20
consume significant energy because of the length of&nbsp;their headers? =
What=20
would be the possible solutions for addressing fin wireless sensor =
networks if=20
they work stand alone or connect to the Internet? Can you please =
reference me to=20
some of the publications related to use of IPv6 in wireless sensor =
networks?=20
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Many thanks,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Mona</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
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Hello, all.

After my presentation is finished, I got two comments. Although Paal's
comments which are more technical seem to be resolved(I guess. If wrong,
please correct me, Paal), I think that I must tell what is different
with existing solutions for MANET Internet connectivity in my draft. 

As I mentioned at my presentation, my draft consists of two component.
Route determination algorithm and Forwarding algorithm. As you know,
these are critical parts in this area(Int. Connectivity) and all
existing solutions address with their own way. 

Firstly, route optimization is not mentioned at existing drafts
referenced by mine (If wrong, please correct me.) 

As for proposed forwarding algorithm, forwarding using default route can
be done for packets without routing header. I.E, after look up of
routing table with destination address fails, forwarding decision is
based on source global address of the packet. That is, gw_info list is
searched with source prefix. If matched gw_info is found, the packet is
forwarded through host route entry for the gw advertising the prefix.
Thus, multiple addresses from multiple gateways can be configured in a
node and intermediate nodes can forward packets without routing header
only if gateway info list is maintained in the node.

I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous drafts
including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. Personally I also
believe that this area is very important and it is time to make
progress. How about requirement document or merged solution document?
Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is interested in this
topic may be welcomed in this thread.

Kindly Regards,

HyunWook Cha
   



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From: Jaehoon Jeong <jaehoon_paul@yahoo.com>
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Hi all,
I send my material presented at this meeting;
 -
http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-ja=
ehoon.ppt

 -
http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-ja=
ehoon.pdf

"MANET Address Autoconf" requirements draft will be
enhanced by your comments. We authors will reflect Joe
Macker's and Paal's comments to the revised version.
When we are ready, I will circulate it.
Have a nice trip in Seoul!

Thanks.

Paul




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Dear HyunWook,

Please find my comments inline...

HyunWook Cha wrote:

>I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous drafts
>including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. Personally I also
>believe that this area is very important and it is time to make
>progress. How about requirement document or merged solution document?
>
I completely agree with you on the need for a coordinated effort on 
this. I submitted recently such kind of requirement draft for IP 
Multicast internet conectivity 
(http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ruiz-manet-mcast-gw-reqs-00.txt). 
Some  of these requirements may also apply for the Internet connectivity 
area. So, I think that trying to define such kind of requirement 
document for Internet connectivity is interesting.

>Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is interested in this
>topic may be welcomed in this thread.
>  
>
My personal view is that currently we have different proposed solutions 
but it is not possible to decide which one is better because we have not 
settled down any requirements. I think at this point what we need is to 
prepare a requirement document stating the agreed view of the group. 
After that, we can then match different solutions againts the 
requirements and try to get an unified solution. If you are interested 
in producing such a requiment document, I'd be happy to contribute. 
Let's move forward!!

Best Regards,

Pedrom


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Dear all,

I could not go to the IETF but I will have a look at all the latest 
proposals (HyunWook Cha and Jaehoon Jeong) and will give some coments as 
soon as possible. I agree with HyunWook Cha that it we could collaborate 
to write a requirement draft.

Regards,
Christophe

HyunWook Cha wrote:

>Hello, all.
>
>After my presentation is finished, I got two comments. Although Paal's
>comments which are more technical seem to be resolved(I guess. If wrong,
>please correct me, Paal), I think that I must tell what is different
>with existing solutions for MANET Internet connectivity in my draft. 
>
>As I mentioned at my presentation, my draft consists of two component.
>Route determination algorithm and Forwarding algorithm. As you know,
>these are critical parts in this area(Int. Connectivity) and all
>existing solutions address with their own way. 
>
>Firstly, route optimization is not mentioned at existing drafts
>referenced by mine (If wrong, please correct me.) 
>
>As for proposed forwarding algorithm, forwarding using default route can
>be done for packets without routing header. I.E, after look up of
>routing table with destination address fails, forwarding decision is
>based on source global address of the packet. That is, gw_info list is
>searched with source prefix. If matched gw_info is found, the packet is
>forwarded through host route entry for the gw advertising the prefix.
>Thus, multiple addresses from multiple gateways can be configured in a
>node and intermediate nodes can forward packets without routing header
>only if gateway info list is maintained in the node.
>
>I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous drafts
>including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. Personally I also
>believe that this area is very important and it is time to make
>progress. How about requirement document or merged solution document?
>Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is interested in this
>topic may be welcomed in this thread.
>
>Kindly Regards,
>
>HyunWook Cha
>   
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>  
>



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From: Jas C <jasmina_wsu@yahoo.com>
To: manet@ietf.org
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Subject: [manet] Will there be a collision???
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Hello everyone,
=20
This is related to a doubt raised on "strong interfering signals".
=20
I need clarification on the following scenario based on a string topology=
 where any node can only hear its immediate neighbors and a nodes interfe=
rence range and transmission range are equal.
=20
If there are four nodes placed as  A ---- B ---- C ----D , can B transmit=
 to A and C to D at the same time without there being a collision between=
 B and C ?=20
=20
I understand that this is a typical exposed node problem and parallel tra=
nsmissions are possible depending on the type of MAC protocol being used.=
=20
=20
My concern is if B and C are within each other's ranges wouldn't their tr=
ansmissions  collide whereby A and D would not receive anything ??
=20
I would appreciate any suggestions/pointers to help me clear this doubt.
=20
Thanks a lot in advance,
Jasmina
=20


---------------------------------
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--0-1182510575-1078239913=:83171
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<DIV>Hello everyone,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>This is&nbsp;related to a doubt raised on "strong interfering signal=
s".</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I need clarification on the following scenario based on a string top=
ology where any node can only hear&nbsp;its immediate neighbors and a nod=
es interference range and transmission range are equal.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>If there are four nodes placed as&nbsp; A ---- B ---- C ----D ,&nbsp=
;can&nbsp;B transmit to A and C to D at the same time without there being=
 a collision between B and  C ? </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I understand that this is a&nbsp;typical&nbsp;exposed node problem a=
nd parallel transmissions are possible&nbsp;depending on the type of MAC =
protocol being used. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>My concern is if B and C are within each other's ranges wouldn't the=
ir transmissions&nbsp; collide whereby A and D would not receive anything=
 ??</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I would appreciate any suggestions/pointers to help me&nbsp;clear th=
is doubt.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks a lot in advance,</DIV>
<DIV>Jasmina</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV><p><hr SIZE=3D1>
Do you Yahoo!?<br>
Yahoo! Search - <a href=3D"http://search.yahoo.com/?fr=3Dad-mailsig-home"=
>Find what you=92re looking for faster.</a>
--0-1182510575-1078239913=:83171--

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar  2 10:28:35 2004
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Date: Tue, 02 Mar 2004 10:20:35 -0500
From: "Andreas Yankopolus" <ayank@scires.com>
To: "<"<manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Will there be a collision???
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Jasmina,

Interference occurs on the receiving end, not the transmitting end, so B =
could transmit to A and C to D simultaneously. Given the transmission =
ranges in your post, C's transmission would not reach A and B's would not =
reach D.

Note that B and C would not transmit simultaneously in your scenario when =
using 802.11 radios. Suppose B transmits first: C would hear B's RTS and =
stay silent until B is finished with its transmission (this assumes =
RTS/CTS has been enabled). This is known as the exposed node problem.

Cheers,

Andreas

>>> Jas C <jasmina_wsu@yahoo.com> 03/02/04 10:05AM >>>
Hello everyone,
=20
This is related to a doubt raised on "strong interfering signals".
=20
I need clarification on the following scenario based on a string topology =
where any node can only hear its immediate neighbors and a nodes interferen=
ce range and transmission range are equal.
=20
If there are four nodes placed as  A ---- B ---- C ----D , can B transmit =
to A and C to D at the same time without there being a collision between B =
and C ?=20
=20
I understand that this is a typical exposed node problem and parallel =
transmissions are possible depending on the type of MAC protocol being =
used.=20
=20
My concern is if B and C are within each other's ranges wouldn't their =
transmissions  collide whereby A and D would not receive anything ??
=20
I would appreciate any suggestions/pointers to help me clear this doubt.
=20
Thanks a lot in advance,
Jasmina
=20


---------------------------------
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar  2 10:38:16 2004
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Date: Tue, 02 Mar 2004 16:33:02 +0100
To: manet@ietf.org
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Subject: [manet] Temporal Logic
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Does anyone know where I could find any paper about "temporal logic" and ad=
=20
hoc network?

Thanks in advance

Alicia Trivi=F1o                               / Tl. +34-95.213.28.44
Dpto. Tecnologia Electronica
E.T.S. Ing. Telecomunicacion
Universidad de Malaga
Campus Universitario de Teatinos
29071 Malaga, Spain



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Hi,

In fact, considering radio propagation and the signal over noise ratio=20=

required to
decode a frame, if B and C transmit simultaneously, there is a chance=20
that both
transmissions will be jammed (it depends on radio propagation though).=20=

Using
a simple free space propagation model (attenuation of the signal is 1=20
over square of distance)
and a SNR threshold  value of 10, a signal can jam other transmissions=20=

for which the
receiver is distant of about three times the transmission range. (Of=20
course, this is
the worst case in the worst theoretical modeling of attenuation).
In a real-wold situation, interferences at reception can happen or not.=20=

There is no way
of knowing

Moreover, even without RTS / CTS exchange, IEEE 802.11 performs carrier
sense before transmission and B will prevent from transmitting if C has=20=

already
started its transmission.

Claude.

Le 2 mars 04, =E0 16:20, Andreas Yankopolus a =E9crit :

> Jasmina,
>
> Interference occurs on the receiving end, not the transmitting end, so=20=

> B could transmit to A and C to D simultaneously. Given the=20
> transmission ranges in your post, C's transmission would not reach A=20=

> and B's would not reach D.
>
> Note that B and C would not transmit simultaneously in your scenario=20=

> when using 802.11 radios. Suppose B transmits first: C would hear B's=20=

> RTS and stay silent until B is finished with its transmission (this=20
> assumes RTS/CTS has been enabled). This is known as the exposed node=20=

> problem.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Andreas
>
>>>> Jas C <jasmina_wsu@yahoo.com> 03/02/04 10:05AM >>>
> Hello everyone,
>
> This is related to a doubt raised on "strong interfering signals".
>
> I need clarification on the following scenario based on a string=20
> topology where any node can only hear its immediate neighbors and a=20
> nodes interference range and transmission range are equal.
>
> If there are four nodes placed as  A ---- B ---- C ----D , can B=20
> transmit to A and C to D at the same time without there being a=20
> collision between B and C ?
>
> I understand that this is a typical exposed node problem and parallel=20=

> transmissions are possible depending on the type of MAC protocol being=20=

> used.
>
> My concern is if B and C are within each other's ranges wouldn't their=20=

> transmissions  collide whereby A and D would not receive anything ??
>
> I would appreciate any suggestions/pointers to help me clear this=20
> doubt.
>
> Thanks a lot in advance,
> Jasmina
>
>
>
> ---------------------------------
> Do you Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Search - Find what you're looking for faster.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
Claude.


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar  2 11:54:12 2004
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From: "John Mullen" <jomullen@nmsu.edu>
To: "'Claude Chaudet'" <Claude.Chaudet@ens-lyon.fr>
Cc: "'<'" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Will there be a collision???
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Hi Claude,

Well, this violates the assumptions of the original question, but is
certainly a valid point.  However, due to stochastic fading,
instantaneous differences in signal strength can easily differ from the
predicted mean value by plus-or-minus 20 or 30 dB.  That is, given the
right(?) set of circumstances, the signal from C could actually be
stronger at A than at B.

Which is one of the things that makes MANETs interesting.

:-)

John Mullen

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Claude Chaudet
Sent: Tuesday, March 02, 2004 9:29 AM
To: Andreas Yankopolus
Cc: <
Subject: Re: [manet] Will there be a collision???


Hi,

In fact, considering radio propagation and the signal over noise ratio=20
required to
decode a frame, if B and C transmit simultaneously, there is a chance=20
that both
transmissions will be jammed (it depends on radio propagation though).=20
Using
a simple free space propagation model (attenuation of the signal is 1=20
over square of distance)
and a SNR threshold  value of 10, a signal can jam other transmissions=20
for which the
receiver is distant of about three times the transmission range. (Of=20
course, this is
the worst case in the worst theoretical modeling of attenuation). In a
real-wold situation, interferences at reception can happen or not.=20
There is no way
of knowing

Moreover, even without RTS / CTS exchange, IEEE 802.11 performs carrier
sense before transmission and B will prevent from transmitting if C has=20
already
started its transmission.

Claude.

Le 2 mars 04, =E0 16:20, Andreas Yankopolus a =E9crit :

> Jasmina,
>
> Interference occurs on the receiving end, not the transmitting end, so
> B could transmit to A and C to D simultaneously. Given the=20
> transmission ranges in your post, C's transmission would not reach A=20
> and B's would not reach D.
>
> Note that B and C would not transmit simultaneously in your scenario
> when using 802.11 radios. Suppose B transmits first: C would hear B's=20
> RTS and stay silent until B is finished with its transmission (this=20
> assumes RTS/CTS has been enabled). This is known as the exposed node=20
> problem.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Andreas
>
>>>> Jas C <jasmina_wsu@yahoo.com> 03/02/04 10:05AM >>>
> Hello everyone,
>
> This is related to a doubt raised on "strong interfering signals".
>
> I need clarification on the following scenario based on a string
> topology where any node can only hear its immediate neighbors and a=20
> nodes interference range and transmission range are equal.
>
> If there are four nodes placed as  A ---- B ---- C ----D , can B
> transmit to A and C to D at the same time without there being a=20
> collision between B and C ?
>
> I understand that this is a typical exposed node problem and parallel
> transmissions are possible depending on the type of MAC protocol being

> used.
>
> My concern is if B and C are within each other's ranges wouldn't their
> transmissions  collide whereby A and D would not receive anything ??
>
> I would appreciate any suggestions/pointers to help me clear this
> doubt.
>
> Thanks a lot in advance,
> Jasmina
>
>
>
> ---------------------------------
> Do you Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Search - Find what you're looking for faster.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
Claude.


_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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From: "ying ge" <ying.ge@crc.ca>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
References: <5.1.0.14.2.20040302163149.02cca3c8@buzonpdi.uma.es>
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Subject: [manet] OLSR - questions on MPR calculation
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Dear group,

I'm looking at the proposed OLSR_RFC MPR selection mechanism, and have the
following questions:

1) in step 1 of MPR calculation -- "Start with an MPR set made of all
members of N with N_willingness equal to WILL_ALWAYS"

     Does it mean that a "WILL_ALWAYS" neighbor has to be selected as MPR
even if it has no connection to any 2-hop neighbors? In this case, the MID
and TC messages would be unnecessarily relayed by that neighbor, which may
make the wireless media busier. Can we put it as "Start with an MPR set made
of all members of N with N_willingness equal to WILL_ALWAYS, and N has at
least one 2_hop_neighbor"?

2) in step 4.2 -- "Select as a MPR the node with highest N_willingness among
the nodes in N with non-zero reachability. In case of multiple choice select
the node which provides reachability to the maximum number of nodes in N2.
In case of multiple nodes providing the same amount of reachability, select
the node as MPR whose D(y) is greater. Remove the nodes from N2 which are
now covered by a node in the MPR set. "

     If we select neighbors with higher willingness as MPR, regardless how
many two hop neighbors it is connected to, may we ended up choose a lot of
MPRs? If there is too many MPRs in the network, the control overhead of the
OLSR may be very high, which may degrade the routing protocol's performance
(more data packet may be dropped because of the busy media, the end-to-end
delay of the data packets may be very long...).

     I have such a question because I used to introduce QoS routing into
OLSR, and tried to select as MPR the neighbors which have the best QoS
conditions, which is similar to the concept that "to select as the highest
willingness neighbors as MPR". From the OPENT simulation, I found that with
such mechanism, much more MPRs is selected, compared with the mechanism
proposed in OLSR draft version 3 (select the neighbor which have the most
reachability to the 2-hop-neighbors). Further more, the OPNET simulation
result shows that because of the large numbers of MPRs in the network, the
overhead is high, and the routing protocol's performance ("packet delivery
ratio" and "end-to-end-delay" for data packets) is not satisfactory.

     My idea to solve this problem is to define a formula, and put the
neighbor "willingness" and "reachability to 2-hop-neighbors" as two
inputs -- such as Weight(willingness, reachability) = neighbor' willingness
+ neighbor's reachability. Then select the neighbour that has the highest
"Weight" as MPR. Will this work? Please give me your ideas...

Maybe there are some special reasons or special scenarios the proposed MPR
selection mechanism should apply? If yes, would you please kindly tell me?

Thanks and Best regards

Ying

Ying Ge
Communications Research Centre Canada | Centre de recherches sur les
communications Canada
3701 Carling Ave. | 3701, avenue Carling
PO Box 11490, Station H | CP 11490, succursale H
Ottawa ON K2H 8S2 | Ottawa (Ontario) K2H 8S2
(613) 998-2819 | ying.ge@crc.ca |
Web site / Site web : www.crc.ca
Government of Canada | Gouvernement du Canada


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From: Justin Lipman <justin@titr.uow.edu.au>
To: "ying ge" <ying.ge@crc.ca>
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Hi Ying,

Just read your email and thought I might offer some thoughts.

>      If we select neighbors with higher willingness as MPR, regardless how
> many two hop neighbors it is connected to, may we ended up choose a lot of
> MPRs? If there is too many MPRs in the network, the control overhead of the
> OLSR may be very high, which may degrade the routing protocol's performance
> (more data packet may be dropped because of the busy media, the end-to-end
> delay of the data packets may be very long...).

I have a paper on a more generic form of mpr selection which is called Utility 
Based Flooding. The following is a link to the paper. 

http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~justinl/raid_icon03.pdf

UBF has similar performance to MPR in terms of the number of relays selected, 
but more importantly, allows for those relays to be selected based upon their 
overall utility.

>      My idea to solve this problem is to define a formula, and put the
> neighbor "willingness" and "reachability to 2-hop-neighbors" as two
> inputs -- such as Weight(willingness, reachability) = neighbor' willingness
> + neighbor's reachability. Then select the neighbour that has the highest
> "Weight" as MPR. Will this work? Please give me your ideas...

You can apply the above technique to the UBF algorithm by using a utility 
function which is a function of willingness and reachability.

If you use the greedy MRP algorithm as used by OLSR, then your choice of relay 
nodes is limited as the 1st step of the algorithm always selects those 1 hop 
neighbours with distinct 2-hop neighbours first, irrespective of their 
utility (willingness). Thus the remaining number of possible relays that may 
be selected based upon willingness is rather limited. UBF circumvents this 
problem by removing this 1st step and prioritising the selection of relays 
based upon the highest utility. Thus the best relays nodes are selected 
first. Those 1-hop relays that "must be selected" because of distinct 2-hop 
neighbours and which have a low utility are selected at the end (to satisfy 
coverage). This introduces a little more overhead than MPR, however it allows 
for the best relays to be selected!

I think you may also find that optimised flooding mechanisms such as MPR 
suffer in the presence of background traffic be it data or other broadcasts. 
By suffer, I mean the number of nodes in the ad hoc network that are reached 
by a flood is greatly reduced. You can see the reliability results of some 
optimised flooding mechanisms (MPR, LMST) and Blind flooding in the following 
paper: Thus as the network traffic increases, the number of nodes receiving 
route request information or link state updates decreases.

http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~justinl/rmst.pdf

Hope this helps,
Justin


-- 
Research Associate
Smart Internet Technology Cooperative Research Centre
http://www.titr.uow.edu.au/~justin


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I think the first step is MANET WG should make decision whether the WG
includes internet connectivity stuff in manet charter or
not. Otherwise, many similar drafts are submitted without any progress
at IETF. 

BTW, the statement to our global6 is wrong in
draft-cha-manet-aodv-internet.

You said
[1 global6] which do not use next hop forwarding and require that a
sender specifies a gateway in routing header.

In appendix D. of global6, we describe AODV operations and it said
"When the node sends packets to the internet, it MAY use any of the two
methods specified in section 7.1 and appendix C."
  Section7.1 is for next-hop forwarding.
  Appendix C is for the routing w/routing header

ryuji


At Tue, 2 Mar 2004 16:07:17 +0900,
HyunWook Cha wrote:
> 
> Hello, all.
> 
> After my presentation is finished, I got two comments. Although Paal's
> comments which are more technical seem to be resolved(I guess. If wrong,
> please correct me, Paal), I think that I must tell what is different
> with existing solutions for MANET Internet connectivity in my draft. 
> 
> As I mentioned at my presentation, my draft consists of two component.
> Route determination algorithm and Forwarding algorithm. As you know,
> these are critical parts in this area(Int. Connectivity) and all
> existing solutions address with their own way. 
> 
> Firstly, route optimization is not mentioned at existing drafts
> referenced by mine (If wrong, please correct me.) 
> 
> As for proposed forwarding algorithm, forwarding using default route can
> be done for packets without routing header. I.E, after look up of
> routing table with destination address fails, forwarding decision is
> based on source global address of the packet. That is, gw_info list is
> searched with source prefix. If matched gw_info is found, the packet is
> forwarded through host route entry for the gw advertising the prefix.
> Thus, multiple addresses from multiple gateways can be configured in a
> node and intermediate nodes can forward packets without routing header
> only if gateway info list is maintained in the node.
> 
> I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous drafts
> including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. Personally I also
> believe that this area is very important and it is time to make
> progress. How about requirement document or merged solution document?
> Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is interested in this
> topic may be welcomed in this thread.
> 
> Kindly Regards,
> 
> HyunWook Cha
>    
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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Reply-To: <jafy@etri.re.kr>
From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Ryuji Wakikawa'" <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>, <autonet@ipv6.or.kr>
Subject: RE: [manet] Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt
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Hello,  ryuji.

First of all, I am glad to hear your opinion and comment. 
Definately I agree with you. However, I think that it is valuable job to
make a requirement document which is agreed by the whole wg and can be
utilized as evaluation metrics for existing solutions and one guideline
for upcoming solution designs whether this topic will be accepted as a
wg item in near future or not. I know that several MANETers interested
in this topic agree with me. Do you think that it is still early to make
a requirement document reflecting valuable thoughts related to this
topic?

Although I admit that I was inspired and motivated by your draft, I do
not think that your draft does address all related issues and propose
all possilbe solutions. If you are interested in my suggestion, we can
have good chance to share ideas and make productive work in this topic.

   
As for your comment on my draft, please take it easy.

[The draft says]
one including [1 globalv6], [2], [3] which use next hop forwarding for
default routes and the other including [1 globalv6] which do not use
next hop forwarding and require that a sender specifies a gateway in
routing header.  

If you have any other comments, please let me know.

Regards,

HyunWook Cha
 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Ryuji Wakikawa [mailto:ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp] 
> Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:59 PM
> To: jafy@etri.re.kr
> Cc: manet@ietf.org; autonet@ipv6.or.kr
> Subject: Re: [manet] Request of Comments on the i-d 
> ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt
> 
> 
> 
> 
> I think the first step is MANET WG should make decision 
> whether the WG includes internet connectivity stuff in manet 
> charter or not. Otherwise, many similar drafts are submitted 
> without any progress at IETF. 
> 
> BTW, the statement to our global6 is wrong in 
> draft-cha-manet-aodv-internet.
> 
> You said
> [1 global6] which do not use next hop forwarding and require 
> that a sender specifies a gateway in routing header.
> 
> In appendix D. of global6, we describe AODV operations and it 
> said "When the node sends packets to the internet, it MAY use 
> any of the two methods specified in section 7.1 and appendix C."
>   Section7.1 is for next-hop forwarding.
>   Appendix C is for the routing w/routing header
> 
> ryuji
> 
> 
> At Tue, 2 Mar 2004 16:07:17 +0900,
> HyunWook Cha wrote:
> > 
> > Hello, all.
> > 
> > After my presentation is finished, I got two comments. 
> Although Paal's 
> > comments which are more technical seem to be resolved(I guess. If 
> > wrong, please correct me, Paal), I think that I must tell what is 
> > different with existing solutions for MANET Internet 
> connectivity in 
> > my draft.
> > 
> > As I mentioned at my presentation, my draft consists of two 
> component. 
> > Route determination algorithm and Forwarding algorithm. As 
> you know, 
> > these are critical parts in this area(Int. Connectivity) and all 
> > existing solutions address with their own way.
> > 
> > Firstly, route optimization is not mentioned at existing drafts 
> > referenced by mine (If wrong, please correct me.)
> > 
> > As for proposed forwarding algorithm, forwarding using 
> default route 
> > can be done for packets without routing header. I.E, after 
> look up of 
> > routing table with destination address fails, forwarding 
> decision is 
> > based on source global address of the packet. That is, 
> gw_info list is 
> > searched with source prefix. If matched gw_info is found, 
> the packet 
> > is forwarded through host route entry for the gw advertising the 
> > prefix. Thus, multiple addresses from multiple gateways can be 
> > configured in a node and intermediate nodes can forward packets 
> > without routing header only if gateway info list is 
> maintained in the 
> > node.
> > 
> > I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous 
> > drafts including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. 
> Personally I 
> > also believe that this area is very important and it is 
> time to make 
> > progress. How about requirement document or merged solution 
> document? 
> > Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is 
> interested in this 
> > topic may be welcomed in this thread.
> > 
> > Kindly Regards,
> > 
> > HyunWook Cha
> >    
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 


_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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Hi Paal / all,

Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default route I 
don't agree with your statements. ;-)

In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in the 
steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path use 
the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes, they 
just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same prefix, an ad 
hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be specified that it should 
from there use the same gateway). The propagation method used to 
propagate the prefix information ensures that the path to the gateway is 
made of nodes that also use the same gateway : there is no need of a 
routing header, and default routes can be used safely.

Regards,
Christophe

Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:

>Ryuji,
>
>I think your preferred tunneling method (using the routing header) is good. Using default routes, on the contrary, might lead to problems and should be removed as an option:
>
>If you have two gateways announcing the same default route, the MANET node has no control of which gateway the packet is routed out through. You might get problems with:
>- Stateless firewalls: E.g. The first packet of your (TCP-) session might go out through another gateway than the one corresponding to the selected source IP address. Thus, the return inbound packets will not reach the gateway corresponding to the MANET node's source IP address if the gateway is behind i firewall because no state is set in the firewall.
>- Ingress filtering: Outbound packets escaping out through "wrong" gateways are filtered out.
>
>In addition to this, every time a MANEWT node moves e.g. on an OLSR MANET, until the routing converges, internal packets destined for this node might probably be sent out on the Internet along a default route.
>
>In fact, my comment in the WG meetings against the use of default routes was mainly targeted at the possible use of NATs with a IPv4 MANET. Here you have the additional problem that some GWs will probably implement NATs as a gateway enabling technology. But after second thoughts, I think my comment also applies well to IPv6.
>
>
>Paal
>
>  
>
>>From: Ryuji Wakikawa [ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp]
>>Sent: 2004-03-03 07:58:37 CET
>>To: jafy@etri.re.kr
>>Cc: manet@ietf.org, autonet@ipv6.or.kr
>>Subject: Re: [manet] Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt
>>
>>
>>I think the first step is MANET WG should make decision whether the WG
>>includes internet connectivity stuff in manet charter or
>>not. Otherwise, many similar drafts are submitted without any progress
>>at IETF. 
>>
>>BTW, the statement to our global6 is wrong in
>>draft-cha-manet-aodv-internet.
>>
>>You said
>>[1 global6] which do not use next hop forwarding and require that a
>>sender specifies a gateway in routing header.
>>
>>In appendix D. of global6, we describe AODV operations and it said
>>"When the node sends packets to the internet, it MAY use any of the two
>>methods specified in section 7.1 and appendix C."
>>  Section7.1 is for next-hop forwarding.
>>  Appendix C is for the routing w/routing header
>>
>>ryuji
>>
>>
>>At Tue, 2 Mar 2004 16:07:17 +0900,
>>HyunWook Cha wrote:
>>    
>>
>>>Hello, all.
>>>
>>>After my presentation is finished, I got two comments. Although Paal's
>>>comments which are more technical seem to be resolved(I guess. If wrong,
>>>please correct me, Paal), I think that I must tell what is different
>>>with existing solutions for MANET Internet connectivity in my draft. 
>>>
>>>As I mentioned at my presentation, my draft consists of two component.
>>>Route determination algorithm and Forwarding algorithm. As you know,
>>>these are critical parts in this area(Int. Connectivity) and all
>>>existing solutions address with their own way. 
>>>
>>>Firstly, route optimization is not mentioned at existing drafts
>>>referenced by mine (If wrong, please correct me.) 
>>>
>>>As for proposed forwarding algorithm, forwarding using default route can
>>>be done for packets without routing header. I.E, after look up of
>>>routing table with destination address fails, forwarding decision is
>>>based on source global address of the packet. That is, gw_info list is
>>>searched with source prefix. If matched gw_info is found, the packet is
>>>forwarded through host route entry for the gw advertising the prefix.
>>>Thus, multiple addresses from multiple gateways can be configured in a
>>>node and intermediate nodes can forward packets without routing header
>>>only if gateway info list is maintained in the node.
>>>
>>>I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous drafts
>>>including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. Personally I also
>>>believe that this area is very important and it is time to make
>>>progress. How about requirement document or merged solution document?
>>>Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is interested in this
>>>topic may be welcomed in this thread.
>>>
>>>Kindly Regards,
>>>
>>>HyunWook Cha
>>>   
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>      
>>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>    
>>



_______________________________________________
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manet@ietf.org
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Subject: [manet] Re: Default Routes (WAS: Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt)
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Hello,

I must say that I agree with all the comments about trying to coordinate 
our efforts. (I am a co-author with Ryuji).
It doesn't make any sense at all to have several drafts that say 
basically the same thing, with some minor modifications. This is really 
the case right now. But the fact that we have so similiar drafts tells 
us that we are close to consensus, so making a common requirement 
document shouldn't be too hard. Having several drafts is really bad, and 
makes things bad for the implementors. There are implementors out there 
trying to implement these features, and they are clearly confused by all 
the different drafts. Nico Bayer have an implementation that he 
presented last week at EW2004, that closely follows the globalv6 draft. 
This is great, and although the imp. seems to follow the draft closely, 
there are some major differences to the draft. This could be explained 
by the confusion created by the different drafts, but may also 
implementation choices. Either way, a consensus is needed.

>Although I admit that I was inspired and motivated by your draft, I do
>not think that your draft does address all related issues and propose
>all possilbe solutions. If you are interested in my suggestion, we can
>have good chance to share ideas and make productive work in this topic.
>  
>
Please point out what you think is wrong.

>   
>As for your comment on my draft, please take it easy.
>
>[The draft says]
>one including [1 globalv6], [2], [3] which use next hop forwarding for
>default routes and the other including [1 globalv6] which do not use
>next hop forwarding and require that a sender specifies a gateway in
>routing header.  
>
>  
>
What do you mean here?

This is from Paals mail:

> If you have two gateways announcing the same default route, the 
> MANET node has no control of which gateway the packet is routed 
> out through. You might get problems with:
> - Stateless firewalls: E.g. The first packet of your (TCP-) session 
> might go out through another gateway than the one corresponding to 
> the selected source IP address. Thus, the return inbound packets will 
> not reach the gateway corresponding to the MANET node's source IP address 
> if the gateway is behind i firewall because no state is set in the firewall.
> - Ingress filtering: Outbound packets escaping out through "wrong" gateways 
> are filtered out.

As pointed out earlier, this problem can solved by letting intermediate 
forwarding nodes search their gateway list for the source prefix. If the 
source prefix matches an entry in the gateway list, the packet is 
forwarded to the indicated gateway. I think this solves the problem 
stated above. However, there is an other problem here. If the node is 
moving inside the network, it will probably want to switch to different 
gateways as they become closer. The only way for this to work in the 
mentioned solution is to onfigure a new address, which is not really a 
good solution. If the different gateways belong to the same domain, it 
might not even be possible, and routing header might be to prefer in 
that case. I discuss this problem among other things in a paper to be 
presented at WWC04, the main focus of the paper is performance though.

regards,

Anders





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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a special 
field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. This 
field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another field 
gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routing 
protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the 
sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Internet, 
it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbors. 
The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gateway. 
Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway 
must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).

Christophe

Anders Nilsson wrote:

> Hello again,
>
> Christophe Jelger wrote:
>
>>
>> Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default route 
>> I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>
>> In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in the 
>> steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path use 
>> the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes, 
>> they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same 
>> prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be 
>> specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The 
>> propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensures 
>> that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the same 
>> gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes 
>> can be used safely.
>>
> That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what 
> gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is when 
> the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable to 
> know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node need 
> to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers" 
> itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the 
> Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is difficult 
> when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type of 
> solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are 
> updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But there 
> is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that 
> causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobile. 
> I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might 
> think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default routing 
> entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, along 
> with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a 
> slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops to 
> the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>
> regards,
>
> Anders
>
>
>



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Hello again,

That sounds good too. :-)
I read your draft again, refreshing my memory, it seems I have forgotten 
some of it, sorry.
Just a few more questions and comments.
I think you are forwarding each advertisement upon receiving it from the 
gateway, as in flooding? But updating it with new information.
Have you studied how the delay introduced by intetermediate nodes varies 
when the number of hops and neighbors increases?
I have an other question related to reactive protocols in your draft. 
Are you saying that mobile nodes should create the routing path to the 
gateway, reactively? I do think your solution for proactive discovery is 
good ;-) , I do, but if this proactivness is already taking place, even 
when a reactive protocol is used, why not also create the default route? 
You say it breaks the reactive nature of the protocol, I agree, but so 
does having periodic updates. I like your proactive discovery approach, 
but I think a reactive solution should be more purely reactive. But, 
this might need some more work.

regards,

Anders

Christophe Jelger wrote:

> Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a 
> special field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix 
> information. This field contains the IPv6 global address of the 
> gateway (and another field gives the prefix length). Moreover, we 
> "almost" don't need a routing protocol (of course don't take this 
> statement too strictly), in the sense that, when a node wants to send 
> data to some node in the Internet, it only uses a default route with 
> next hop being one of its neighbors. The ad hoc node does not even 
> need to have a /128 route to the gateway. Of course on the reverse 
> path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway must have a /128 route to 
> the ad hoc node).
>
> Christophe
>
> Anders Nilsson wrote:
>
>> Hello again,
>>
>> Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>
>>>
>>> Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default 
>>> route I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>
>>> In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in 
>>> the steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" 
>>> path use the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce 
>>> routes, they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the 
>>> same prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be 
>>> specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The 
>>> propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensures 
>>> that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the same 
>>> gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes 
>>> can be used safely.
>>>
>> That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what 
>> gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is when 
>> the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable 
>> to know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node 
>> need to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers" 
>> itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the 
>> Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is 
>> difficult when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular 
>> IP type of solution is used, the routing entries in the access 
>> network are updated by the actual packets flowing through the 
>> gateways. But there is problems here as well, because oscillations 
>> easily occurs that causes a lot of updates, especially when the 
>> mobile nodes are mobile. I have simulated this, and it is harder to 
>> maintain than you might think. If you rely on proactive gateway 
>> discovery, the default routing entries have to be maintained during 
>> link breaks and mobility, along with sequence number maintainence. I 
>> have a paper about this, in a slightly different context, but during 
>> mobility and several hops to the gateway, more complex control is 
>> needed.
>>
>> regards,
>>
>> Anders
>>
>>
>>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>



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	(envelope-from jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr)
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Date: Wed, 03 Mar 2004 14:19:27 +0100
From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Anders,

The difference with pure flooding is that an ad hoc does not forward the 
information if it does not use it. With this very simple rule prefix 
continuity is possible.

We did not want to add a default route for reactive protocols because :
1. If there is a default route, how can the protocol be reactive ? 
(there is always a match in the routing table for any destination)
2. If there is no default route, the gateway can reply to REQ for 
destinations that are outside the Internet. Of course if we want to 
guarantee that all nodes on the path to the gateway share the same 
prefix, we cannot use the route obtained via the reactive protol. Each 
node must send the packet to the neighbor from which it got its prefix. 
I'm sure how this could be specified within the operation of a reactive 
protocol.

Christophe

Anders Nilsson wrote:

> Hello again,
>
> That sounds good too. :-)
> I read your draft again, refreshing my memory, it seems I have 
> forgotten some of it, sorry.
> Just a few more questions and comments.
> I think you are forwarding each advertisement upon receiving it from 
> the gateway, as in flooding? But updating it with new information.
> Have you studied how the delay introduced by intetermediate nodes 
> varies when the number of hops and neighbors increases?
> I have an other question related to reactive protocols in your draft. 
> Are you saying that mobile nodes should create the routing path to the 
> gateway, reactively? I do think your solution for proactive discovery 
> is good ;-) , I do, but if this proactivness is already taking place, 
> even when a reactive protocol is used, why not also create the default 
> route? You say it breaks the reactive nature of the protocol, I agree, 
> but so does having periodic updates. I like your proactive discovery 
> approach, but I think a reactive solution should be more purely 
> reactive. But, this might need some more work.
>
> regards,
>
> Anders
>
> Christophe Jelger wrote:
>
>> Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a 
>> special field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix 
>> information. This field contains the IPv6 global address of the 
>> gateway (and another field gives the prefix length). Moreover, we 
>> "almost" don't need a routing protocol (of course don't take this 
>> statement too strictly), in the sense that, when a node wants to send 
>> data to some node in the Internet, it only uses a default route with 
>> next hop being one of its neighbors. The ad hoc node does not even 
>> need to have a /128 route to the gateway. Of course on the reverse 
>> path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway must have a /128 route to 
>> the ad hoc node).
>>
>> Christophe
>>
>> Anders Nilsson wrote:
>>
>>> Hello again,
>>>
>>> Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>
>>>>
>>>> Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default 
>>>> route I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>>
>>>> In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in 
>>>> the steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" 
>>>> path use the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't 
>>>> announce routes, they just announce prefixes. If two gateways 
>>>> announce the same prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest 
>>>> gateway (it can be specified that it should from there use the same 
>>>> gateway). The propagation method used to propagate the prefix 
>>>> information ensures that the path to the gateway is made of nodes 
>>>> that also use the same gateway : there is no need of a routing 
>>>> header, and default routes can be used safely.
>>>>
>>> That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what 
>>> gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is 
>>> when the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then 
>>> unable to know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A 
>>> node need to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and 
>>> "registers" itself. This reason why this needed is because packets 
>>> from the Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which 
>>> is difficult when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a 
>>> Cellular IP type of solution is used, the routing entries in the 
>>> access network are updated by the actual packets flowing through the 
>>> gateways. But there is problems here as well, because oscillations 
>>> easily occurs that causes a lot of updates, especially when the 
>>> mobile nodes are mobile. I have simulated this, and it is harder to 
>>> maintain than you might think. If you rely on proactive gateway 
>>> discovery, the default routing entries have to be maintained during 
>>> link breaks and mobility, along with sequence number maintainence. I 
>>> have a paper about this, in a slightly different context, but during 
>>> mobility and several hops to the gateway, more complex control is 
>>> needed.
>>>
>>> regards,
>>>
>>> Anders
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> manet mailing list
>> manet@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>
>
>



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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
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Hi,

I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when using
default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have a
complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mapping,
how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that the
solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do not
think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to switch
gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can you
guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at an
intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gateway
mapping?

My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many properties
that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multiple
gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
advantages of tunnels in this context.

Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I think
that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gateway
connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
direction of tunnels.

Regards,

Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m



On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a specia=
l=20
> field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. This=20
> field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another fiel=
d=20
> gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routing=20
> protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the=20
> sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Internet=
,=20
> it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbors.=20
> The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gateway.=
=20
> Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway=20
> must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>=20
> Christophe
>=20
> Anders Nilsson wrote:
>=20
> > Hello again,
> >
> > Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >
> >>
> >> Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default rout=
e=20
> >> I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
> >>
> >> In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in th=
e=20
> >> steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path us=
e=20
> >> the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes,=20
> >> they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same=20
> >> prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be=20
> >> specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The=20
> >> propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensures=20
> >> that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the same=
=20
> >> gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes=20
> >> can be used safely.
> >>
> > That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what=20
> > gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is when=
=20
> > the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable t=
o=20
> > know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node need=20
> > to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"=20
> > itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the=20
> > Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is difficul=
t=20
> > when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type of=
=20
> > solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are=20
> > updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But there=
=20
> > is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that=20
> > causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobile.=
=20
> > I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might=20
> > think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default routin=
g=20
> > entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, along=20
> > with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a=20
> > slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops to=20
> > the gateway, more complex control is needed.
> >
> > regards,
> >
> > Anders
> >
> >
> >
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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Hi Kenichi Mase,

--- maseweb@net.ie.niigata-u.ac.jp wrote:
> Hi Jaehoon,
>=20
> I am now on the trip and quickly send you my
> comments.
> I think that terminologies such as strong DAD and
> weak DAD may not
> appropriate. In my paper in WPMC2003, I use
> proactive DAD and reactive DAD
> in stead.
> Proactive DAD is independent of MANET routing
> protocol, while reactive DAD
> is closely related to MANET routing protocol and
> behaivior. The strong DAD
> is included in the proactive DAD and weak DAD and
> passive DAD is included
> in the reactive DAD in my terminology.
>

Absolutely, I agree with you.
However, let's decide it after listening to other
opinions.
As you know, this is related to our solution draft;

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-adhoc-ip-addr-autoconf-02=
.txt
=20
> The following different approaches need to be
> discussed.
> Stateless IP address conf. + Proactive DAD
> Stateless IP address conf. + Proactive DAD +
> Reactive DAD
> Stateful IP address conf. + Reactive DAD
>=20

These approaches seem to be really good.
However, I would like to suggest that first of all, we
need to discuss MANET Address Autoconf requirements.
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-manet-addr-autoconf-reqts=
-01.txt

Maneters, please, read the draft and let us know your
thoughts or suggestions.

Thanks.

Jehoon Paul Jeong

P.S. just call me Paul :)

> Is there anybody, who agree or disagree of the
> terminology above?
> Best regars,
> Kenichi
>=20
> > Hi Maneters,
> >
> > I send my presentation material in order to
> discuss
> > "MANET IP Address Autoconfiguration Issues" today
> > afternoon as follows;
> >  - PPT file:
> >
> >
>
http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-ja=
ehoon.ppt
> >  - PDF file:
> >
> >
>
http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/ietf/manet/manet-addr-autoconf-issues-ja=
ehoon.pdf
> >
> > If participants read this material, you can
> prepare
> > the discussion well. Also, those who cannot take
> part
> > in this Seoul meeting can comment on my drafts by
> > email.
> >
> > Thanks.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Jaehoon Paul Jeong
> >
> > __________________________________
> > Do you Yahoo!?
> > Get better spam protection with Yahoo! Mail.
> > http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
>=20


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	(envelope-from jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr)
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Date: Wed, 03 Mar 2004 14:51:41 +0100
From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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To: manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Hi Erik,

Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit=20
that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soon.

To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc node=20
to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the closest=20
gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same=20
prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway).=20
We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is that=20
switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node independently.

Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of prefix=20
propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted (in=20
the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological=20
changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The main=20
idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous=20
islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of high=20
interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).

We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and it=20
works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. We=20
will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI in=20
France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate our=20
solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.

Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personally=20
think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done some=20
simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that results=20
can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all=20
solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best=20
parts of all solutions.

Regards,
Christophe

Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:

>Hi,
>
>I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when using
>default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have a
>complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mapping,
>how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that the
>solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do not
>think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to switch
>gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can you
>guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at an
>intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
>destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
>different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gateway
>mapping?
>
>My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many properties
>that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multiple
>gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
>traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
>advantages of tunnels in this context.
>
>Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I think
>that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
>problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gateway
>connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
>direction of tunnels.
>
>Regards,
>
>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
>
>
>
>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> =20
>
>>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a specia=
l=20
>>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. This=20
>>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another fiel=
d=20
>>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routing=20
>>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the=20
>>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Internet=
,=20
>>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbors.=20
>>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gateway.=
=20
>>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway=20
>>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>>
>>Christophe
>>
>>Anders Nilsson wrote:
>>
>>   =20
>>
>>>Hello again,
>>>
>>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default route=
=20
>>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>>
>>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in the=
=20
>>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path use=
=20
>>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes,=20
>>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same=20
>>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be=20
>>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The=20
>>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensures=20
>>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the same=20
>>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes=20
>>>>can be used safely.
>>>>
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what=20
>>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is when=20
>>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable to=
=20
>>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node need=20
>>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"=20
>>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the=20
>>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is difficult=
=20
>>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type of=20
>>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are=20
>>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But there=20
>>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that=20
>>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobile.=20
>>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might=20
>>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default routing=
=20
>>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, along=20
>>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a=20
>>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops to=20
>>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>>>
>>>regards,
>>>
>>>Anders
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>   =20
>>
>
> =20
>



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From: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Hello, Christophe,

I like your draft. Just some details worry me. I see that gateways send
refresh message every two seconds. Since these messages are somewhat
retransmitted by all nodes sharing the same prefix, is it not too much
traffic in dense networks? Another question(maybe I misunderstood the basic
concept): your protocol helps the node to select their gateway, but if the
route to the gateway is given by the routing protocol which is independent
of your protocol, how do you guarantee that the data path provided by the
routing protocol won't cross different prefix islands and then end to a
different gateway?

Regards,
Philippe



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From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Hello Philippe,

Of course the propagation method implies one retransmission per node 
every two seconds. While this is not so much overhead (that's a personal 
opinion), we explain in our draft that our proposal can benefit from a 
better approach such as flooding with MPR (as in OLSR).

Now the propagation method itself leads to prefix continuity, i.e. it 
guarantees that there exists a path, between a node and its gateway, 
such that this path is made by nodes that use the same gateway. This is 
a sort of "recursive" concept ... for each ad hoc node, if it receives 
the information about gateway G and prefix P from one of its neighbor 
N1, it means that :

- the neighbor N1 uses P and G
- this neighbor N1 got the information from one of its neighbors (say 
N2) that uses G and P as well
- the default route of N1 points to N2
- recursively the same conclusions apply to N2 a nd all the upstream 
neighbors towards G

Christophe

Philippe Jacquet wrote:

>Hello, Christophe,
>
>I like your draft. Just some details worry me. I see that gateways send
>refresh message every two seconds. Since these messages are somewhat
>retransmitted by all nodes sharing the same prefix, is it not too much
>traffic in dense networks? Another question(maybe I misunderstood the basic
>concept): your protocol helps the node to select their gateway, but if the
>route to the gateway is given by the routing protocol which is independent
>of your protocol, how do you guarantee that the data path provided by the
>routing protocol won't cross different prefix islands and then end to a
>different gateway?
>
>Regards,
>Philippe
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>  
>



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Christophe,

It seems I triggered some discussion that passed me by, but let me cut into this thread and response to your preference for default routes.

This is from Anders' mail:
> This is from Paals mail:
> 
> > If you have two gateways announcing the same default route, the 
> > MANET node has no control of which gateway the packet is routed 
> > out through. You might get problems with:
> > - Stateless firewalls: E.g. The first packet of your (TCP-) session 
> > might go out through another gateway than the one corresponding to 
> > the selected source IP address. Thus, the return inbound packets will 
> > not reach the gateway corresponding to the MANET node's source IP address 
> > if the gateway is behind i firewall because no state is set in the firewall.
> > - Ingress filtering: Outbound packets escaping out through "wrong" gateways 
> > are filtered out.
> 
> As pointed out earlier, this problem can solved by letting intermediate 
> forwarding nodes search their gateway list for the source prefix. If the 
> source prefix matches an entry in the gateway list, the packet is 
> forwarded to the indicated gateway. I think this solves the problem 
> stated above. 

Here I think Anders gets to the core of the matter - i.e destination based routing: Many nodes communicating with the same external host cannot share the same destination-based route and still get to different gateways.

1) Either you need a tunneling solution or some sort, 
2) or you need source address based default routing

The first is lean and mean, and works in nearly any networking scenario, and with any routing protocol. 

The functionality of the second is obscure, it is less clean than the tunneling solution, and probably makes routing more complicated. In addition, you bind internet access together with address autoconfiguration, which reduces the level of modularity.

Since the latter solution resembles a hack (as compared to the clean tunneling solution), I also think it might lead to unforseen problems sooner or later. For example, if I would use it in an IPv4 setting, it would obviously not work. (Default routes is not a good idea, at least not with IPv4, and should never have been accepted in the experimental RFCs, IMO).

Yes, and by the way, here is another problem, which I didn't think of:

> However, there is an other problem here. If the node is 
> moving inside the network, it will probably want to switch to different 
> gateways as they become closer. The only way for this to work in the 
> mentioned solution is to onfigure a new address, which is not really a 
> good solution. If the different gateways belong to the same domain, it 
> might not even be possible

I think I am willing to pay the little extra overhead of tunneling to get a simpler, modular, and more robust solution.

Paal

> From: Christophe Jelger [jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr]
> Sent: 2004-03-03 15:36:20 CET
> To: manet [manet@ietf.org]
> Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
> 
> Hello Philippe,
> 
> Of course the propagation method implies one retransmission per node 
> every two seconds. While this is not so much overhead (that's a personal 
> opinion), we explain in our draft that our proposal can benefit from a 
> better approach such as flooding with MPR (as in OLSR).
> 
> Now the propagation method itself leads to prefix continuity, i.e. it 
> guarantees that there exists a path, between a node and its gateway, 
> such that this path is made by nodes that use the same gateway. This is 
> a sort of "recursive" concept ... for each ad hoc node, if it receives 
> the information about gateway G and prefix P from one of its neighbor 
> N1, it means that :
> 
> - the neighbor N1 uses P and G
> - this neighbor N1 got the information from one of its neighbors (say 
> N2) that uses G and P as well
> - the default route of N1 points to N2
> - recursively the same conclusions apply to N2 a nd all the upstream 
> neighbors towards G
> 
> Christophe
> 
> Philippe Jacquet wrote:
> 
> >Hello, Christophe,
> >
> >I like your draft. Just some details worry me. I see that gateways send
> >refresh message every two seconds. Since these messages are somewhat
> >retransmitted by all nodes sharing the same prefix, is it not too much
> >traffic in dense networks? Another question(maybe I misunderstood the basic
> >concept): your protocol helps the node to select their gateway, but if the
> >route to the gateway is given by the routing protocol which is independent
> >of your protocol, how do you guarantee that the data path provided by the
> >routing protocol won't cross different prefix islands and then end to a
> >different gateway?
> >
> >Regards,
> >Philippe
> >
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >  
> >
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
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Jelger,

I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
question...=20

For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You propose
to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not see
how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?

I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building your
prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study your
draft in more detail.

With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose a
gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of the
rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.

/Erik


On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> Hi Erik,
>=20
> Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit=20
> that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soon.
>=20
> To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc node=
=20
> to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the closest=
=20
> gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same=20
> prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway).=
=20
> We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is that=
=20
> switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node independent=
ly.
>=20
> Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of prefix=
=20
> propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted (i=
n=20
> the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological=20
> changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The main=20
> idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous=20
> islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of hig=
h=20
> interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>=20
> We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and it=
=20
> works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. We=
=20
> will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI i=
n=20
> France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate our=20
> solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
>=20
> Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personally=
=20
> think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done som=
e=20
> simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that results=20
> can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all=20
> solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best=20
> parts of all solutions.
>=20
> Regards,
> Christophe
>=20
> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>=20
> >Hi,
> >
> >I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when usin=
g
> >default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have a
> >complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mapping=
,
> >how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that the
> >solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do n=
ot
> >think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to swit=
ch
> >gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can yo=
u
> >guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at a=
n
> >intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
> >destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
> >different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gateway
> >mapping?
> >
> >My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many properti=
es
> >that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multipl=
e
> >gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
> >traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
> >advantages of tunnels in this context.
> >
> >Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I thin=
k
> >that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
> >problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gatew=
ay
> >connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
> >direction of tunnels.
> >
> >Regards,
> >
> >Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
> >
> >
> >
> >On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> > =20
> >
> >>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a spec=
ial=20
> >>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. This=20
> >>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another fi=
eld=20
> >>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routing=20
> >>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the=20
> >>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Intern=
et,=20
> >>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbors=
.=20
> >>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gatewa=
y.=20
> >>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway=20
> >>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
> >>
> >>Christophe
> >>
> >>Anders Nilsson wrote:
> >>
> >>   =20
> >>
> >>>Hello again,
> >>>
> >>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >>>
> >>>     =20
> >>>
> >>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default rou=
te=20
> >>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
> >>>>
> >>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in t=
he=20
> >>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path u=
se=20
> >>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes,=
=20
> >>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same=20
> >>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be=20
> >>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The=20
> >>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensures=
=20
> >>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the sam=
e=20
> >>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes=20
> >>>>can be used safely.
> >>>>
> >>>>       =20
> >>>>
> >>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what=20
> >>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is whe=
n=20
> >>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable =
to=20
> >>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node need=
=20
> >>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"=20
> >>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the=20
> >>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is difficu=
lt=20
> >>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type o=
f=20
> >>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are=20
> >>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But ther=
e=20
> >>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that=20
> >>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobile=
.=20
> >>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might=20
> >>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default routi=
ng=20
> >>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, along=
=20
> >>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a=20
> >>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops to=20
> >>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
> >>>
> >>>regards,
> >>>
> >>>Anders
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>     =20
> >>>
> >>
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>manet mailing list
> >>manet@ietf.org
> >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>   =20
> >>
> >
> > =20
> >
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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If the charter doesn't include "internet connectivity" then it should be, =
IMHO :) =20

Standardizing that feature would be most useful to my customer set.  =
Futhermore having a simple method that scaled to 50-100 node sized MANETs =
(with a reasonably-planned set of address blocks) might suffice for now.  =
A general solution might be a ANS problem.

--Pete Sholander
Atlanta, GA

>>> Ryuji Wakikawa <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp> 03/03/04 01:58AM >>>

I think the first step is MANET WG should make decision whether the WG
includes internet connectivity stuff in manet charter or
not. Otherwise, many similar drafts are submitted without any progress
at IETF.=20

<snip>

ryuji


At Tue, 2 Mar 2004 16:07:17 +0900,
HyunWook Cha wrote:
>=20
> Hello, all.
>=20
> After my presentation is finished, I got two comments. Although Paal's
> comments which are more technical seem to be resolved(I guess. If wrong,
> please correct me, Paal), I think that I must tell what is different
> with existing solutions for MANET Internet connectivity in my draft.=20
>=20
> As I mentioned at my presentation, my draft consists of two component.
> Route determination algorithm and Forwarding algorithm. As you know,
> these are critical parts in this area(Int. Connectivity) and all
> existing solutions address with their own way.=20
>=20
> Firstly, route optimization is not mentioned at existing drafts
> referenced by mine (If wrong, please correct me.)=20
>=20
> As for proposed forwarding algorithm, forwarding using default route can
> be done for packets without routing header. I.E, after look up of
> routing table with destination address fails, forwarding decision is
> based on source global address of the packet. That is, gw_info list is
> searched with source prefix. If matched gw_info is found, the packet is
> forwarded through host route entry for the gw advertising the prefix.
> Thus, multiple addresses from multiple gateways can be configured in a
> node and intermediate nodes can forward packets without routing header
> only if gateway info list is maintained in the node.
>=20
> I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous drafts
> including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. Personally I also
> believe that this area is very important and it is time to make
> progress. How about requirement document or merged solution document?
> Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is interested in this
> topic may be welcomed in this thread.
>=20
> Kindly Regards,
>=20
> HyunWook Cha
>   =20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org=20
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet=20

_______________________________________________
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manet@ietf.org=20
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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Hi All,

 

I just want to ask if any body know papers that talk about different
commercial MANET applications

 

Thanks

 

Maged Salah

 


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<p class=3DMsoNormal dir=3DRTL><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
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nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal dir=3DLTR =
style=3D'text-align:left;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:
embed'><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Hi
All,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal dir=3DLTR =
style=3D'text-align:left;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:
embed'><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal dir=3DLTR =
style=3D'text-align:left;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:
embed'><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>I
just want to ask if any body know papers that talk about different =
commercial MANET
applications<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal dir=3DLTR =
style=3D'text-align:left;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:
embed'><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal dir=3DLTR =
style=3D'text-align:left;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:
embed'><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Thanks<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal dir=3DLTR =
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nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal dir=3DLTR =
style=3D'text-align:left;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:
embed'><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Maged
Salah<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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Message-ID: <006b01c40137$930f50a0$1f175d80@inria.fr>
From: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
To: "manet" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <005301c40025$0235b280$6de325da@jafymobile> <m2n06yifhe.wl@mobilegravity.wireless.ietf59.or.kr.sfc.wide.ad.jp> <12767107.1078306244548.JavaMail.adm-moff@moffice2.nsc.no> <4045B7F7.9020902@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <4045B543.6000601@telecom.lth.se> <4045C597.4000204@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <1078316927.1364.25.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se> <4045E2ED.2050704@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <1078323208.1364.48.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
Date: Wed, 3 Mar 2004 16:52:46 +0100
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I don't see any problem with MPR flooding, when last hop is MPR selector
then it will be the upstream neighbor.
I think the algorithm could be an application of the recent MPRF draft wi=
th
the option TTL=3D1.

Philippe
----- Original Message -----
From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:13 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes


Jelger,

I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
question...

For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You propose
to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not see
how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?

I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building your
prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study your
draft in more detail.

With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose a
gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of the
rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.

/Erik


On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> Hi Erik,
>
> Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit
> that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soon.
>
> To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc node
> to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the closest
> gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
> prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway).
> We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is that
> switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node independent=
ly.
>
> Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of prefix
> propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted (i=
n
> the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological
> changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The main
> idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
> islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of hig=
h
> interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>
> We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and it
> works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. We
> will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI i=
n
> France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate our
> solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
>
> Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personally
> think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done som=
e
> simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that results
> can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all
> solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best
> parts of all solutions.
>
> Regards,
> Christophe
>
> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>
> >Hi,
> >
> >I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when usin=
g
> >default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have a
> >complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mapping=
,
> >how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that the
> >solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do n=
ot
> >think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to swit=
ch
> >gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can yo=
u
> >guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at a=
n
> >intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
> >destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
> >different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gateway
> >mapping?
> >
> >My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many properti=
es
> >that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multipl=
e
> >gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
> >traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
> >advantages of tunnels in this context.
> >
> >Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I thin=
k
> >that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
> >problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gatew=
ay
> >connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
> >direction of tunnels.
> >
> >Regards,
> >
> >Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
> >
> >
> >
> >On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >
> >
> >>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a spec=
ial
> >>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. This
> >>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another fi=
eld
> >>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routing
> >>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the
> >>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Intern=
et,
> >>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbors.
> >>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gatewa=
y.
> >>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway
> >>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
> >>
> >>Christophe
> >>
> >>Anders Nilsson wrote:
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>>Hello again,
> >>>
> >>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default rou=
te
> >>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
> >>>>
> >>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in t=
he
> >>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path u=
se
> >>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes,
> >>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
> >>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
> >>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
> >>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensures
> >>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the sam=
e
> >>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes
> >>>>can be used safely.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what
> >>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is whe=
n
> >>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable =
to
> >>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node need
> >>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
> >>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
> >>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is difficu=
lt
> >>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type o=
f
> >>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
> >>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But ther=
e
> >>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that
> >>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobile.
> >>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might
> >>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default routi=
ng
> >>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, along
> >>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a
> >>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops to
> >>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
> >>>
> >>>regards,
> >>>
> >>>Anders
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>manet mailing list
> >>manet@ietf.org
> >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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	(envelope-from jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr)
Message-ID: <40462009.6050900@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
Date: Wed, 03 Mar 2004 19:12:25 +0100
From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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To: manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
References: <005301c40025$0235b280$6de325da@jafymobile>	 <m2n06yifhe.wl@mobilegravity.wireless.ietf59.or.kr.sfc.wide.ad.jp>	 <12767107.1078306244548.JavaMail.adm-moff@moffice2.nsc.no>	 <4045B7F7.9020902@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <4045B543.6000601@telecom.lth.se>	 <4045C597.4000204@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>	 <1078316927.1364.25.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se>	 <4045E2ED.2050704@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <1078323208.1364.48.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se>
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Erik,

(please call me Christophe !)

You are right when you say that a node within an "island" can't change=20
its prefix. Our objective is to create these islands, so we don't really=20
want to see a node that breaks this organisation. ;-)

I also agree with you that the tunnel-based solution is the best one in=20
terms of control overhead (less control packets sent). I think our=20
proposal has a completely different objective. The only point we try to=20
defend is the concept of prefix continuity : this feature might be of=20
real interest for operators who like to have a somehow organised=20
network. This feature can also allow an operator to do some management=20
control and stuff like that.

Regards,
Christophe

PS : we do not implement a separate flooding mechanism, because this is=20
not flooding !!! (I insist on that !) The information disseminates away=20
from gateways, it look like flooding but it's not ! ;-)

Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:

>Jelger,
>
>I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
>should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
>question...=20
>
>For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
>already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You propose
>to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not see
>how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
>
>I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building your
>prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
>individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study your
>draft in more detail.
>
>With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
>announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose a
>gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of the
>rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
>
>/Erik
>
>
>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> =20
>
>>Hi Erik,
>>
>>Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit=20
>>that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soon.
>>
>>To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc node=
=20
>>to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the closest=
=20
>>gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same=20
>>prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway).=
=20
>>We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is that=
=20
>>switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node independent=
ly.
>>
>>Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of prefix=
=20
>>propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted (i=
n=20
>>the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological=20
>>changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The main=20
>>idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous=20
>>islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of hig=
h=20
>>interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>>
>>We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and it=
=20
>>works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. We=
=20
>>will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI i=
n=20
>>France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate our=20
>>solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
>>
>>Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personally=
=20
>>think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done som=
e=20
>>simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that results=20
>>can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all=20
>>solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best=20
>>parts of all solutions.
>>
>>Regards,
>>Christophe
>>
>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>>
>>   =20
>>
>>>Hi,
>>>
>>>I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when usin=
g
>>>default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have a
>>>complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mapping=
,
>>>how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that the
>>>solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do n=
ot
>>>think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to swit=
ch
>>>gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can yo=
u
>>>guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at a=
n
>>>intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
>>>destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
>>>different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gateway
>>>mapping?
>>>
>>>My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many properti=
es
>>>that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multipl=
e
>>>gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
>>>traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
>>>advantages of tunnels in this context.
>>>
>>>Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I thin=
k
>>>that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
>>>problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gatew=
ay
>>>connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
>>>direction of tunnels.
>>>
>>>Regards,
>>>
>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>=20
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>>>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a spec=
ial=20
>>>>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. This=20
>>>>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another fi=
eld=20
>>>>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routing=20
>>>>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the=20
>>>>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Intern=
et,=20
>>>>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbors=
.=20
>>>>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gatewa=
y.=20
>>>>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway=20
>>>>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>>>>
>>>>Christophe
>>>>
>>>>Anders Nilsson wrote:
>>>>
>>>>  =20
>>>>
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>>>Hello again,
>>>>>
>>>>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>    =20
>>>>>
>>>>>         =20
>>>>>
>>>>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default rou=
te=20
>>>>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>>>>
>>>>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in t=
he=20
>>>>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path u=
se=20
>>>>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes,=
=20
>>>>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same=20
>>>>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be=20
>>>>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The=20
>>>>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensures=
=20
>>>>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the sam=
e=20
>>>>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes=20
>>>>>>can be used safely.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>      =20
>>>>>>
>>>>>>           =20
>>>>>>
>>>>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what=20
>>>>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is whe=
n=20
>>>>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable =
to=20
>>>>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node need=
=20
>>>>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"=20
>>>>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the=20
>>>>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is difficu=
lt=20
>>>>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type o=
f=20
>>>>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are=20
>>>>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But ther=
e=20
>>>>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that=20
>>>>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobile=
.=20
>>>>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might=20
>>>>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default routi=
ng=20
>>>>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, along=
=20
>>>>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a=20
>>>>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops to=20
>>>>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>>>>>
>>>>>regards,
>>>>>
>>>>>Anders
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>    =20
>>>>>
>>>>>         =20
>>>>>
>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>  =20
>>>>
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>=20
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>   =20
>>
>
> =20
>



_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
To: Philippe Jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
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Maybe I am missing something (and please point it out), but will not the
MPR flooding limit the distribution of (different) prefixes in the
network? My concern is that a node far down the (MPR) distribution path
rooted at a gateway will not be able to change gateway/prefix unless its
upstream neighbor (closer to the gateway) also changes its prefix (of
another gateway)?=20

//Erik

On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 16:52, Philippe Jacquet wrote:
> I don't see any problem with MPR flooding, when last hop is MPR selecto=
r
> then it will be the upstream neighbor.
> I think the algorithm could be an application of the recent MPRF draft =
with
> the option TTL=3D1.
>=20
> Philippe
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
> To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
> Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:13 PM
> Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>=20
>=20
> Jelger,
>=20
> I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
> should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
> question...
>=20
> For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
> already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You propos=
e
> to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not se=
e
> how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
>=20
> I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building your
> prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
> individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study your
> draft in more detail.
>=20
> With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
> announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose a
> gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of th=
e
> rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
>=20
> /Erik
>=20
>=20
> On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> > Hi Erik,
> >
> > Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit
> > that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soo=
n.
> >
> > To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc no=
de
> > to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the close=
st
> > gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
> > prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway=
).
> > We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is th=
at
> > switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node independe=
ntly.
> >
> > Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of pref=
ix
> > propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted =
(in
> > the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological
> > changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The mai=
n
> > idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
> > islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of h=
igh
> > interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
> >
> > We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and =
it
> > works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. =
We
> > will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI=
 in
> > France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate ou=
r
> > solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
> >
> > Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personal=
ly
> > think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done s=
ome
> > simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that result=
s
> > can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all
> > solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best
> > parts of all solutions.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Christophe
> >
> > Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
> >
> > >Hi,
> > >
> > >I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when us=
ing
> > >default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have =
a
> > >complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mappi=
ng,
> > >how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that th=
e
> > >solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do=
 not
> > >think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to sw=
itch
> > >gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can =
you
> > >guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at=
 an
> > >intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
> > >destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
> > >different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gatewa=
y
> > >mapping?
> > >
> > >My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many proper=
ties
> > >that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multi=
ple
> > >gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards th=
e
> > >traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows th=
e
> > >advantages of tunnels in this context.
> > >
> > >Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I th=
ink
> > >that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
> > >problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gat=
eway
> > >connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
> > >direction of tunnels.
> > >
> > >Regards,
> > >
> > >Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > >>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a sp=
ecial
> > >>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. Thi=
s
> > >>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another =
field
> > >>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routin=
g
> > >>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the
> > >>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Inte=
rnet,
> > >>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbo=
rs.
> > >>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gate=
way.
> > >>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gatewa=
y
> > >>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
> > >>
> > >>Christophe
> > >>
> > >>Anders Nilsson wrote:
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>>Hello again,
> > >>>
> > >>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default r=
oute
> > >>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
> > >>>>
> > >>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in=
 the
> > >>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path=
 use
> > >>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce route=
s,
> > >>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
> > >>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
> > >>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
> > >>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensur=
es
> > >>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the s=
ame
> > >>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default route=
s
> > >>>>can be used safely.
> > >>>>
> > >>>>
> > >>>>
> > >>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what
> > >>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is w=
hen
> > >>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unabl=
e to
> > >>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node ne=
ed
> > >>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
> > >>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
> > >>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is diffi=
cult
> > >>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type=
 of
> > >>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
> > >>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But th=
ere
> > >>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that
> > >>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobi=
le.
> > >>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might
> > >>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default rou=
ting
> > >>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, alo=
ng
> > >>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a
> > >>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops t=
o
> > >>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
> > >>>
> > >>>regards,
> > >>>
> > >>>Anders
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>>
> > >>
> > >>_______________________________________________
> > >>manet mailing list
> > >>manet@ietf.org
> > >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> > >>
> > >>
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


_______________________________________________
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manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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Date: Wed, 03 Mar 2004 19:25:54 +0100
From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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To: manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Erik,

You are right ... sometimes a node cannot change its prefix unless its=20
upstream neighbor chooses another one. This is what allows to have=20
prefix continuity. We cannot have all nodes do whatever they want and=20
guarantee the prefix continuity feature ... ;-)

Again using MPR is not a problem ... there will be less flexibility and=20
routes might not be "shortest path", but there is no reason why it=20
should not work.

And about prefix distribution : prefix distribution is limited "by=20
nature", i.e. a node that is a the limit of two "islands" will not=20
forward control packets received from the island it does not belong to.

Christophe

Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:

>Maybe I am missing something (and please point it out), but will not the
>MPR flooding limit the distribution of (different) prefixes in the
>network? My concern is that a node far down the (MPR) distribution path
>rooted at a gateway will not be able to change gateway/prefix unless its
>upstream neighbor (closer to the gateway) also changes its prefix (of
>another gateway)?=20
>
>//Erik
>
>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 16:52, Philippe Jacquet wrote:
> =20
>
>>I don't see any problem with MPR flooding, when last hop is MPR selecto=
r
>>then it will be the upstream neighbor.
>>I think the algorithm could be an application of the recent MPRF draft =
with
>>the option TTL=3D1.
>>
>>Philippe
>>----- Original Message -----
>>From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
>>To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
>>Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
>>Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:13 PM
>>Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>>
>>
>>Jelger,
>>
>>I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
>>should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
>>question...
>>
>>For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
>>already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You propos=
e
>>to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not se=
e
>>how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
>>
>>I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building your
>>prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
>>individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study your
>>draft in more detail.
>>
>>With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
>>announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose a
>>gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of th=
e
>>rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
>>
>>/Erik
>>
>>
>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>   =20
>>
>>>Hi Erik,
>>>
>>>Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit
>>>that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soon.
>>>
>>>To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc nod=
e
>>>to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the closes=
t
>>>gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
>>>prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway).
>>>We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is tha=
t
>>>switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node independen=
tly.
>>>
>>>Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of prefi=
x
>>>propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted (=
in
>>>the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological
>>>changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The main
>>>idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
>>>islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of hi=
gh
>>>interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>>>
>>>We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and i=
t
>>>works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. W=
e
>>>will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI =
in
>>>France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate our
>>>solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
>>>
>>>Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personall=
y
>>>think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done so=
me
>>>simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that results
>>>can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all
>>>solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best
>>>parts of all solutions.
>>>
>>>Regards,
>>>Christophe
>>>
>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>>>Hi,
>>>>
>>>>I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when usi=
ng
>>>>default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have a
>>>>complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mappin=
g,
>>>>how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that the
>>>>solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do =
not
>>>>think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to swi=
tch
>>>>gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can y=
ou
>>>>guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at =
an
>>>>intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
>>>>destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
>>>>different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gateway
>>>>mapping?
>>>>
>>>>My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many propert=
ies
>>>>that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multip=
le
>>>>gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
>>>>traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
>>>>advantages of tunnels in this context.
>>>>
>>>>Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I thi=
nk
>>>>that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
>>>>problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gate=
way
>>>>connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
>>>>direction of tunnels.
>>>>
>>>>Regards,
>>>>
>>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>>>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a spe=
cial
>>>>>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. This
>>>>>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another f=
ield
>>>>>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routing
>>>>>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the
>>>>>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Inter=
net,
>>>>>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbor=
s.
>>>>>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gatew=
ay.
>>>>>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway
>>>>>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>>>>>
>>>>>Christophe
>>>>>
>>>>>Anders Nilsson wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>         =20
>>>>>
>>>>>>Hello again,
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>           =20
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default ro=
ute
>>>>>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in =
the
>>>>>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path =
use
>>>>>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes=
,
>>>>>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
>>>>>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
>>>>>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
>>>>>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensure=
s
>>>>>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the sa=
me
>>>>>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes
>>>>>>>can be used safely.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>             =20
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what
>>>>>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is wh=
en
>>>>>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable=
 to
>>>>>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node nee=
d
>>>>>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
>>>>>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
>>>>>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is diffic=
ult
>>>>>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type =
of
>>>>>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
>>>>>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But the=
re
>>>>>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that
>>>>>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobil=
e.
>>>>>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might
>>>>>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default rout=
ing
>>>>>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, alon=
g
>>>>>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a
>>>>>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops to
>>>>>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>regards,
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Anders
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>           =20
>>>>>>
>>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>         =20
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>     =20
>>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>   =20
>>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> =20
>



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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
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Christophe,

Ok, you are proposing a limited scope solution, which is fine. I just
didn't realize that was your intention.

However, I have another question. How do you handle "contention" between
the announcements at the edges of bordering prefix islands? I guess that
borderline nodes have the ability to select gateway by themselves, but
that could potentially affect many downstream nodes that previously used
another prefix. A node could also cut off and isolate islands of nodes
if it chooses to change prefix/gateway. What are the convergence times
for situations like that? Is it desirable that borderline nodes could
have such a big effect on lots of downstream nodes?

//Erik

On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 19:12, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> Erik,
>=20
> (please call me Christophe !)
>=20
> You are right when you say that a node within an "island" can't change=20
> its prefix. Our objective is to create these islands, so we don't reall=
y=20
> want to see a node that breaks this organisation. ;-)
>=20
> I also agree with you that the tunnel-based solution is the best one in=
=20
> terms of control overhead (less control packets sent). I think our=20
> proposal has a completely different objective. The only point we try to=
=20
> defend is the concept of prefix continuity : this feature might be of=20
> real interest for operators who like to have a somehow organised=20
> network. This feature can also allow an operator to do some management=20
> control and stuff like that.
>=20
> Regards,
> Christophe
>=20
> PS : we do not implement a separate flooding mechanism, because this is=
=20
> not flooding !!! (I insist on that !) The information disseminates away=
=20
> from gateways, it look like flooding but it's not ! ;-)
>=20
> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>=20
> >Jelger,
> >
> >I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
> >should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
> >question...=20
> >
> >For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
> >already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You propo=
se
> >to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not s=
ee
> >how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
> >
> >I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building you=
r
> >prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
> >individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study you=
r
> >draft in more detail.
> >
> >With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
> >announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose =
a
> >gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of t=
he
> >rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
> >
> >/Erik
> >
> >
> >On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> > =20
> >
> >>Hi Erik,
> >>
> >>Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit=20
> >>that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soo=
n.
> >>
> >>To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc no=
de=20
> >>to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the close=
st=20
> >>gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same=20
> >>prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway=
).=20
> >>We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is th=
at=20
> >>switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node independe=
ntly.
> >>
> >>Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of pref=
ix=20
> >>propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted =
(in=20
> >>the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological=
=20
> >>changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The mai=
n=20
> >>idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous=20
> >>islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of h=
igh=20
> >>interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
> >>
> >>We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and =
it=20
> >>works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. =
We=20
> >>will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI=
 in=20
> >>France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate ou=
r=20
> >>solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
> >>
> >>Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personal=
ly=20
> >>think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done s=
ome=20
> >>simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that result=
s=20
> >>can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all=20
> >>solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best=20
> >>parts of all solutions.
> >>
> >>Regards,
> >>Christophe
> >>
> >>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
> >>
> >>   =20
> >>
> >>>Hi,
> >>>
> >>>I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when us=
ing
> >>>default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have =
a
> >>>complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mappi=
ng,
> >>>how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that th=
e
> >>>solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do=
 not
> >>>think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to sw=
itch
> >>>gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can =
you
> >>>guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at=
 an
> >>>intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
> >>>destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
> >>>different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gatewa=
y
> >>>mapping?
> >>>
> >>>My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many proper=
ties
> >>>that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multi=
ple
> >>>gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards th=
e
> >>>traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows th=
e
> >>>advantages of tunnels in this context.
> >>>
> >>>Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I th=
ink
> >>>that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
> >>>problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gat=
eway
> >>>connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
> >>>direction of tunnels.
> >>>
> >>>Regards,
> >>>
> >>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >>>=20
> >>>
> >>>     =20
> >>>
> >>>>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a sp=
ecial=20
> >>>>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. Thi=
s=20
> >>>>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another =
field=20
> >>>>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routin=
g=20
> >>>>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the=
=20
> >>>>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the Inte=
rnet,=20
> >>>>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbo=
rs.=20
> >>>>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gate=
way.=20
> >>>>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gatewa=
y=20
> >>>>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
> >>>>
> >>>>Christophe
> >>>>
> >>>>Anders Nilsson wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>  =20
> >>>>
> >>>>       =20
> >>>>
> >>>>>Hello again,
> >>>>>
> >>>>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >>>>>
> >>>>>    =20
> >>>>>
> >>>>>         =20
> >>>>>
> >>>>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default r=
oute=20
> >>>>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in=
 the=20
> >>>>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path=
 use=20
> >>>>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce route=
s,=20
> >>>>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same=20
> >>>>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be=20
> >>>>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The=20
> >>>>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensur=
es=20
> >>>>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the s=
ame=20
> >>>>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default route=
s=20
> >>>>>>can be used safely.
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>      =20
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>           =20
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what=20
> >>>>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is w=
hen=20
> >>>>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unabl=
e to=20
> >>>>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node ne=
ed=20
> >>>>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"=20
> >>>>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the=20
> >>>>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is diffi=
cult=20
> >>>>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type=
 of=20
> >>>>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are=20
> >>>>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But th=
ere=20
> >>>>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that=20
> >>>>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobi=
le.=20
> >>>>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might=
=20
> >>>>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default rou=
ting=20
> >>>>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, alo=
ng=20
> >>>>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a=
=20
> >>>>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops t=
o=20
> >>>>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
> >>>>>
> >>>>>regards,
> >>>>>
> >>>>>Anders
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>    =20
> >>>>>
> >>>>>         =20
> >>>>>
> >>>>_______________________________________________
> >>>>manet mailing list
> >>>>manet@ietf.org
> >>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>>  =20
> >>>>
> >>>>       =20
> >>>>
> >>>=20
> >>>
> >>>     =20
> >>>
> >>
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>manet mailing list
> >>manet@ietf.org
> >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>   =20
> >>
> >
> > =20
> >
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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Message-ID: <00c701c4014f$052b8980$1f175d80@inria.fr>
From: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
To: "manet" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <005301c40025$0235b280$6de325da@jafymobile>	 <m2n06yifhe.wl@mobilegravity.wireless.ietf59.or.kr.sfc.wide.ad.jp>	 <12767107.1078306244548.JavaMail.adm-moff@moffice2.nsc.no>	 <4045B7F7.9020902@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <4045B543.6000601@telecom.lth.se>	 <4045C597.4000204@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>	 <1078316927.1364.25.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se>	 <4045E2ED.2050704@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>	 <1078323208.1364.48.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se>	 <006b01c40137$930f50a0$1f175d80@inria.fr> <1078334055.1364.99.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se> <40462332.9020908@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
Date: Wed, 3 Mar 2004 19:40:36 +0100
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Christophe,

This is property of MPR flooding: the path may be shorter than with blind
flooding, of course not necessarily the shortest path since transmissions
may be desequenced.

Philippe
----- Original Message -----
From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
To: manet <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 7:25 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes


Erik,

You are right ... sometimes a node cannot change its prefix unless its
upstream neighbor chooses another one. This is what allows to have
prefix continuity. We cannot have all nodes do whatever they want and
guarantee the prefix continuity feature ... ;-)

Again using MPR is not a problem ... there will be less flexibility and
routes might not be "shortest path", but there is no reason why it
should not work.

And about prefix distribution : prefix distribution is limited "by
nature", i.e. a node that is a the limit of two "islands" will not
forward control packets received from the island it does not belong to.

Christophe

Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:

>Maybe I am missing something (and please point it out), but will not the
>MPR flooding limit the distribution of (different) prefixes in the
>network? My concern is that a node far down the (MPR) distribution path
>rooted at a gateway will not be able to change gateway/prefix unless its
>upstream neighbor (closer to the gateway) also changes its prefix (of
>another gateway)?
>
>//Erik
>
>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 16:52, Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>
>
>>I don't see any problem with MPR flooding, when last hop is MPR selecto=
r
>>then it will be the upstream neighbor.
>>I think the algorithm could be an application of the recent MPRF draft
with
>>the option TTL=3D1.
>>
>>Philippe
>>----- Original Message -----
>>From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
>>To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
>>Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
>>Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:13 PM
>>Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>>
>>
>>Jelger,
>>
>>I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
>>should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
>>question...
>>
>>For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
>>already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You propos=
e
>>to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not se=
e
>>how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
>>
>>I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building your
>>prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
>>individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study your
>>draft in more detail.
>>
>>With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
>>announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose a
>>gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of th=
e
>>rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
>>
>>/Erik
>>
>>
>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>
>>
>>>Hi Erik,
>>>
>>>Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit
>>>that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soon.
>>>
>>>To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc nod=
e
>>>to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the closes=
t
>>>gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
>>>prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway).
>>>We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is tha=
t
>>>switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node
independently.
>>>
>>>Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of prefi=
x
>>>propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted (=
in
>>>the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological
>>>changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The main
>>>idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
>>>islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of hi=
gh
>>>interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>>>
>>>We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and i=
t
>>>works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. W=
e
>>>will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI =
in
>>>France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate our
>>>solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
>>>
>>>Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personall=
y
>>>think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done so=
me
>>>simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that results
>>>can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all
>>>solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best
>>>parts of all solutions.
>>>
>>>Regards,
>>>Christophe
>>>
>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>>Hi,
>>>>
>>>>I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when usi=
ng
>>>>default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have a
>>>>complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mappin=
g,
>>>>how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that the
>>>>solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do =
not
>>>>think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to swi=
tch
>>>>gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can y=
ou
>>>>guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at =
an
>>>>intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
>>>>destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
>>>>different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gateway
>>>>mapping?
>>>>
>>>>My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many propert=
ies
>>>>that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multip=
le
>>>>gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
>>>>traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
>>>>advantages of tunnels in this context.
>>>>
>>>>Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I thi=
nk
>>>>that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
>>>>problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gate=
way
>>>>connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
>>>>direction of tunnels.
>>>>
>>>>Regards,
>>>>
>>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a
special
>>>>>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. This
>>>>>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another
field
>>>>>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routing
>>>>>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the
>>>>>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the
Internet,
>>>>>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbor=
s.
>>>>>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gatew=
ay.
>>>>>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gateway
>>>>>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>>>>>
>>>>>Christophe
>>>>>
>>>>>Anders Nilsson wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>Hello again,
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default ro=
ute
>>>>>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in =
the
>>>>>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path =
use
>>>>>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes=
,
>>>>>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
>>>>>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
>>>>>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
>>>>>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensure=
s
>>>>>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the sa=
me
>>>>>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default routes
>>>>>>>can be used safely.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what
>>>>>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is wh=
en
>>>>>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable=
 to
>>>>>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node nee=
d
>>>>>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
>>>>>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
>>>>>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is diffic=
ult
>>>>>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type =
of
>>>>>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
>>>>>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But the=
re
>>>>>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that
>>>>>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobil=
e.
>>>>>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might
>>>>>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default rout=
ing
>>>>>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, alon=
g
>>>>>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a
>>>>>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops to
>>>>>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>regards,
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Anders
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>
>>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>
>>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>



_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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Date: Wed, 3 Mar 2004 20:11:10 +0100 (CET)
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
To: Erik =?iso-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
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Hello,

Let me see if I understood the draft correctly.

> However, I have another question. How do you handle "contention" betwee=
n
> the announcements at the edges of bordering prefix islands?

An upstream node chooses a new or different gateway if it is 1 hop closer
than the one it is currently using.

> I guess that
> borderline nodes have the ability to select gateway by themselves, but
> that could potentially affect many downstream nodes that previously use=
d
> another prefix. A node could also cut off and isolate islands of nodes
> if it chooses to change prefix/gateway.

I think that depends on whether the network is using a reactive or
proactive protocol. If a reactive protocol is used, the routing protocol
is still responsisble for establishing a route to the gateway. In that
case the downstream node would at least not be isolated, it can continue
to use the old gateway. The question is whether the downstream have to
configure a new address when the prefix announced by the upstream node
changes. If that is the case, we might have some problems. As the network
can be very mobile, borderline nodes receiveing announcements about two
different gateways, from two different neighbors, might choose two to
switch back forth between the two gateways. This easily happens when a
node chooses a new gateway when it is 1 hop closer than its current one,
and the network have mobility that causes frequent topology changes.

> What are the convergence times
> for situations like that? Is it desirable that borderline nodes could
> have such a big effect on lots of downstream nodes?
>

I do not think the convergence time is that big, as nodes "almost
immediately" rebroadcasts the message. Before updating it. However, if
nodes have to configure a new address upon receipt of the announcement,
the result can be very bad. I have simulated this, and it helps a lot if
the condition to switch is increased to 2 hops, but that would of course
create non optimal routes.

I am not sure if the draft actually says that nodes should reconfigure a
new  address when your upstream tells you to. If that is so, I am not so
sure that is a wise thing to do. Christophe, please correct me if anythin=
g
I say here is wrong.

/Anders

> //Erik
>
> On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 19:12, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>> Erik,
>>
>> (please call me Christophe !)
>>
>> You are right when you say that a node within an "island" can't change
>> its prefix. Our objective is to create these islands, so we don't real=
ly
>> want to see a node that breaks this organisation. ;-)
>>
>> I also agree with you that the tunnel-based solution is the best one i=
n
>> terms of control overhead (less control packets sent). I think our
>> proposal has a completely different objective. The only point we try t=
o
>> defend is the concept of prefix continuity : this feature might be of
>> real interest for operators who like to have a somehow organised
>> network. This feature can also allow an operator to do some management
>> control and stuff like that.
>>
>> Regards,
>> Christophe
>>
>> PS : we do not implement a separate flooding mechanism, because this i=
s
>> not flooding !!! (I insist on that !) The information disseminates awa=
y
>> from gateways, it look like flooding but it's not ! ;-)
>>
>> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>>
>> >Jelger,
>> >
>> >I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
>> >should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
>> >question...
>> >
>> >For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
>> >already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You
>> propose
>> >to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not
>> see
>> >how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
>> >
>> >I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building yo=
ur
>> >prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
>> >individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study yo=
ur
>> >draft in more detail.
>> >
>> >With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
>> >announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose=
 a
>> >gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of
>> the
>> >rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
>> >
>> >/Erik
>> >
>> >
>> >On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>> >
>> >
>> >>Hi Erik,
>> >>
>> >>Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit
>> >>that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version
>> soon.
>> >>
>> >>To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc
>> node
>> >>to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the
>> closest
>> >>gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
>> >>prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the
>> gateway).
>> >>We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is
>> that
>> >>switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node
>> independently.
>> >>
>> >>Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of
>> prefix
>> >>propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted
>> (in
>> >>the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topologica=
l
>> >>changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The ma=
in
>> >>idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
>> >>islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of
>> high
>> >>interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>> >>
>> >>We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and
>> it
>> >>works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes.
>> We
>> >>will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LR=
I
>> in
>> >>France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate o=
ur
>> >>solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
>> >>
>> >>Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I
>> personally
>> >>think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done
>> some
>> >>simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that resul=
ts
>> >>can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all
>> >>solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best
>> >>parts of all solutions.
>> >>
>> >>Regards,
>> >>Christophe
>> >>
>> >>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>> >>
>> >>
>> >>
>> >>>Hi,
>> >>>
>> >>>I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when
>> using
>> >>>default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have=
 a
>> >>>complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway
>> mapping,
>> >>>how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that t=
he
>> >>>solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I d=
o
>> not
>> >>>think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to
>> switch
>> >>>gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can
>> you
>> >>>guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway a=
t
>> an
>> >>>intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final=
)
>> >>>destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (fro=
m
>> >>>different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gatew=
ay
>> >>>mapping?
>> >>>
>> >>>My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many
>> properties
>> >>>that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support
>> multiple
>> >>>gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards t=
he
>> >>>traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows t=
he
>> >>>advantages of tunnels in this context.
>> >>>
>> >>>Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I
>> think
>> >>>that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
>> >>>problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented
>> gateway
>> >>>connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
>> >>>direction of tunnels.
>> >>>
>> >>>Regards,
>> >>>
>> >>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a
>> special
>> >>>>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. Th=
is
>> >>>>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another
>> field
>> >>>>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routi=
ng
>> >>>>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in th=
e
>> >>>>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the
>> Internet,
>> >>>>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its
>> neighbors.
>> >>>>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the
>> gateway.
>> >>>>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gatew=
ay
>> >>>>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>> >>>>
>> >>>>Christophe
>> >>>>
>> >>>>Anders Nilsson wrote:
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>>Hello again,
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default
>> route
>> >>>>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>> >>>>>>
>> >>>>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (i=
n
>> the
>> >>>>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" pat=
h
>> use
>> >>>>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce
>> routes,
>> >>>>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
>> >>>>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
>> >>>>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
>> >>>>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information
>> ensures
>> >>>>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the
>> same
>> >>>>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default rout=
es
>> >>>>>>can be used safely.
>> >>>>>>
>> >>>>>>
>> >>>>>>
>> >>>>>>
>> >>>>>>
>> >>>>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what
>> >>>>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is
>> when
>> >>>>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unab=
le
>> to
>> >>>>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node
>> need
>> >>>>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
>> >>>>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
>> >>>>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is
>> difficult
>> >>>>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP typ=
e
>> of
>> >>>>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
>> >>>>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But
>> there
>> >>>>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that
>> >>>>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are
>> mobile.
>> >>>>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you migh=
t
>> >>>>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default
>> routing
>> >>>>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility,
>> along
>> >>>>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in =
a
>> >>>>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops =
to
>> >>>>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>regards,
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>Anders
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>>
>> >>>>_______________________________________________
>> >>>>manet mailing list
>> >>>>manet@ietf.org
>> >>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>
>> >>_______________________________________________
>> >>manet mailing list
>> >>manet@ietf.org
>> >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>> >>
>> >>
>> >
>> >
>> >
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> manet mailing list
>> manet@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>


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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Christophe Jelger wrote:

> Erik,
>
> You are right ... sometimes a node cannot change its prefix unless its=20
> upstream neighbor chooses another one. This is what allows to have=20
> prefix continuity. We cannot have all nodes do whatever they want and=20
> guarantee the prefix continuity feature ... ;-)
>
> Again using MPR is not a problem ... there will be less flexibility=20
> and routes might not be "shortest path", but there is no reason why it=20
> should not work.=20

Routes *will* be the min-hop, since the gateway info message contains=20
the distance in hops
to the gateway, so a node can always choose a neighbor with fewer hops=20
as the next hop
to the gateway.  But the MPR forwarding rule should be that a node=20
relays a gateway info
message if the *next hop* is an MPR selector.   Thus, the path to the=20
gateway will be
a sequence of MPR selectors.    Philippe, is this correct?

Richard

>
>
> And about prefix distribution : prefix distribution is limited "by=20
> nature", i.e. a node that is a the limit of two "islands" will not=20
> forward control packets received from the island it does not belong to.
>
> Christophe
>
> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>
>> Maybe I am missing something (and please point it out), but will not t=
he
>> MPR flooding limit the distribution of (different) prefixes in the
>> network? My concern is that a node far down the (MPR) distribution pat=
h
>> rooted at a gateway will not be able to change gateway/prefix unless i=
ts
>> upstream neighbor (closer to the gateway) also changes its prefix (of
>> another gateway)?
>> //Erik
>>
>> On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 16:52, Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>> =20
>>
>>> I don't see any problem with MPR flooding, when last hop is MPR=20
>>> selector
>>> then it will be the upstream neighbor.
>>> I think the algorithm could be an application of the recent MPRF=20
>>> draft with
>>> the option TTL=3D1.
>>>
>>> Philippe
>>> ----- Original Message -----
>>> From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
>>> To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
>>> Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
>>> Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:13 PM
>>> Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>>>
>>>
>>> Jelger,
>>>
>>> I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
>>> should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
>>> question...
>>>
>>> For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
>>> already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You=20
>>> propose
>>> to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not=20
>>> see
>>> how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
>>>
>>> I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building yo=
ur
>>> prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
>>> individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study yo=
ur
>>> draft in more detail.
>>>
>>> With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
>>> announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose=
 a
>>> gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of=20
>>> the
>>> rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
>>>
>>> /Erik
>>>
>>>
>>> On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>  =20
>>>
>>>> Hi Erik,
>>>>
>>>> Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit
>>>> that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version=20
>>>> soon.
>>>>
>>>> To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc=20
>>>> node
>>>> to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the=20
>>>> closest
>>>> gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
>>>> prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the=20
>>>> gateway).
>>>> We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is=20
>>>> that
>>>> switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node=20
>>>> independently.
>>>>
>>>> Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of=20
>>>> prefix
>>>> propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never=20
>>>> diverted (in
>>>> the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topologica=
l
>>>> changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The ma=
in
>>>> idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
>>>> islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of=20
>>>> high
>>>> interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>>>>
>>>> We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon=20
>>>> and it
>>>> works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and=20
>>>> prefixes. We
>>>> will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from=20
>>>> LRI in
>>>> France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate o=
ur
>>>> solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
>>>>
>>>> Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I=20
>>>> personally
>>>> think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done=20
>>>> some
>>>> simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that resul=
ts
>>>> can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all
>>>> solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best
>>>> parts of all solutions.
>>>>
>>>> Regards,
>>>> Christophe
>>>>
>>>> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>>>>
>>>>    =20
>>>>
>>>>> Hi,
>>>>>
>>>>> I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when=20
>>>>> using
>>>>> default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have=
 a
>>>>> complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway=20
>>>>> mapping,
>>>>> how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that t=
he
>>>>> solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I=20
>>>>> do not
>>>>> think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to=20
>>>>> switch
>>>>> gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How=20
>>>>> can you
>>>>> guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway=20
>>>>> at an
>>>>> intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final=
)
>>>>> destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (fro=
m
>>>>> different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gatew=
ay
>>>>> mapping?
>>>>>
>>>>> My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many=20
>>>>> properties
>>>>> that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support=20
>>>>> multiple
>>>>> gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards t=
he
>>>>> traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows t=
he
>>>>> advantages of tunnels in this context.
>>>>>
>>>>> Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I=20
>>>>> think
>>>>> that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
>>>>> problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented=20
>>>>> gateway
>>>>> connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
>>>>> direction of tunnels.
>>>>>
>>>>> Regards,
>>>>>
>>>>> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>      =20
>>>>>
>>>>>> Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a=20
>>>>>> special
>>>>>> field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. Th=
is
>>>>>> field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and=20
>>>>>> another field
>>>>>> gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routi=
ng
>>>>>> protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in th=
e
>>>>>> sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the=20
>>>>>> Internet,
>>>>>> it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its=20
>>>>>> neighbors.
>>>>>> The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the=20
>>>>>> gateway.
>>>>>> Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gatew=
ay
>>>>>> must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Christophe
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Anders Nilsson wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>        =20
>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Hello again,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>          =20
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default=20
>>>>>>>> route
>>>>>>>> I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and=20
>>>>>>>> (in the
>>>>>>>> steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route"=20
>>>>>>>> path use
>>>>>>>> the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce=20
>>>>>>>> routes,
>>>>>>>> they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
>>>>>>>> prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
>>>>>>>> specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
>>>>>>>> propagation method used to propagate the prefix information=20
>>>>>>>> ensures
>>>>>>>> that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the=20
>>>>>>>> same
>>>>>>>> gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default rout=
es
>>>>>>>> can be used safely.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>            =20
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what
>>>>>>> gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is=20
>>>>>>> when
>>>>>>> the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then=20
>>>>>>> unable to
>>>>>>> know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node=20
>>>>>>> need
>>>>>>> to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
>>>>>>> itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
>>>>>>> Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is=20
>>>>>>> difficult
>>>>>>> when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP=20
>>>>>>> type of
>>>>>>> solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
>>>>>>> updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But=20
>>>>>>> there
>>>>>>> is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that
>>>>>>> causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are=20
>>>>>>> mobile.
>>>>>>> I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you migh=
t
>>>>>>> think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default=20
>>>>>>> routing
>>>>>>> entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility,=20
>>>>>>> along
>>>>>>> with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in =
a
>>>>>>> slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops =
to
>>>>>>> the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> regards,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Anders
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>          =20
>>>>>>
>>>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>>>> manet mailing list
>>>>>> manet@ietf.org
>>>>>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>        =20
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>      =20
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> manet mailing list
>>>> manet@ietf.org
>>>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>    =20
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> manet mailing list
>>> manet@ietf.org
>>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> manet mailing list
>>> manet@ietf.org
>>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>  =20
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> manet mailing list
>> manet@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>> =20
>>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>



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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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I need to make a minor correction for my suggestion to work
(i.e., to guarantee min-hop paths to the gateway).
The next hop to the gateway must be selected uniquely among
all neighbors that report the minimum number of hops to the gateway.
One way to do this is to select the *first* neighbor that reported
the gateway info with a given sequence number. However, as was discussed
last week, this is a probem with the MPRF draft, since different nodes
may not agree on which neighbor was the first one to transmit a given=20
packet.
To fix this, a node should relay the gateway info message if the
minimum ID neighbor that reports the minimum number of hops to the
gateway is an MPR selector.

Richard

> Routes *will* be the min-hop, since the gateway info message contains=20
> the distance in hops
> to the gateway, so a node can always choose a neighbor with fewer hops=20
> as the next hop
> to the gateway.  But the MPR forwarding rule should be that a node=20
> relays a gateway info
> message if the *next hop* is an MPR selector.   Thus, the path to the=20
> gateway will be
> a sequence of MPR selectors.    Philippe, is this correct?
>
> Richard





Philippe Jacquet wrote:

>Christophe,
>
>This is property of MPR flooding: the path may be shorter than with blin=
d
>flooding, of course not necessarily the shortest path since transmission=
s
>may be desequenced.
>
>Philippe
>----- Original Message -----
>From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
>To: manet <manet@ietf.org>
>Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 7:25 PM
>Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>
>
>Erik,
>
>You are right ... sometimes a node cannot change its prefix unless its
>upstream neighbor chooses another one. This is what allows to have
>prefix continuity. We cannot have all nodes do whatever they want and
>guarantee the prefix continuity feature ... ;-)
>
>Again using MPR is not a problem ... there will be less flexibility and
>routes might not be "shortest path", but there is no reason why it
>should not work.
>
>And about prefix distribution : prefix distribution is limited "by
>nature", i.e. a node that is a the limit of two "islands" will not
>forward control packets received from the island it does not belong to.
>
>Christophe
>
>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>
>>Maybe I am missing something (and please point it out), but will not th=
e
>>MPR flooding limit the distribution of (different) prefixes in the
>>network? My concern is that a node far down the (MPR) distribution path
>>rooted at a gateway will not be able to change gateway/prefix unless it=
s
>>upstream neighbor (closer to the gateway) also changes its prefix (of
>>another gateway)?
>>
>>//Erik
>>
>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 16:52, Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>>
>>
>>>I don't see any problem with MPR flooding, when last hop is MPR select=
or
>>>then it will be the upstream neighbor.
>>>I think the algorithm could be an application of the recent MPRF draft
>>>
>with
>
>>>the option TTL=3D1.
>>>
>>>Philippe
>>>----- Original Message -----
>>>From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
>>>To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
>>>Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
>>>Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:13 PM
>>>Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>>>
>>>
>>>Jelger,
>>>
>>>I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
>>>should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
>>>question...
>>>
>>>For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this is
>>>already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You propo=
se
>>>to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not s=
ee
>>>how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
>>>
>>>I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building you=
r
>>>prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
>>>individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study you=
r
>>>draft in more detail.
>>>
>>>With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
>>>announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choose =
a
>>>gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of t=
he
>>>rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
>>>
>>>/Erik
>>>
>>>
>>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>>Hi Erik,
>>>>
>>>>Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit
>>>>that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version soo=
n.
>>>>
>>>>To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc no=
de
>>>>to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the close=
st
>>>>gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
>>>>prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the gateway=
).
>>>>We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is th=
at
>>>>switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node
>>>>
>independently.
>
>>>>Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of pref=
ix
>>>>propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never diverted =
(in
>>>>the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topological
>>>>changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The mai=
n
>>>>idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
>>>>islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of h=
igh
>>>>interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>>>>
>>>>We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon and =
it
>>>>works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and prefixes. =
We
>>>>will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from LRI=
 in
>>>>France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate ou=
r
>>>>solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soon.
>>>>
>>>>Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I personal=
ly
>>>>think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done s=
ome
>>>>simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that result=
s
>>>>can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all
>>>>solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the best
>>>>parts of all solutions.
>>>>
>>>>Regards,
>>>>Christophe
>>>>
>>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>>Hi,
>>>>>
>>>>>I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when us=
ing
>>>>>default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not have =
a
>>>>>complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway mappi=
ng,
>>>>>how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that th=
e
>>>>>solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I do=
 not
>>>>>think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to sw=
itch
>>>>>gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How can =
you
>>>>>guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway at=
 an
>>>>>intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (final)
>>>>>destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (from
>>>>>different gateways) that want to change the default route --> gatewa=
y
>>>>>mapping?
>>>>>
>>>>>My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many proper=
ties
>>>>>that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support multi=
ple
>>>>>gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards th=
e
>>>>>traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows th=
e
>>>>>advantages of tunnels in this context.
>>>>>
>>>>>Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I th=
ink
>>>>>that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
>>>>>problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented gat=
eway
>>>>>connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
>>>>>direction of tunnels.
>>>>>
>>>>>Regards,
>>>>>
>>>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a
>>>>>>
>special
>
>>>>>>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information. Thi=
s
>>>>>>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and another
>>>>>>
>field
>
>>>>>>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a routin=
g
>>>>>>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in the
>>>>>>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the
>>>>>>
>Internet,
>
>>>>>>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its neighbo=
rs.
>>>>>>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the gate=
way.
>>>>>>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the gatewa=
y
>>>>>>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Christophe
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Anders Nilsson wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Hello again,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default r=
oute
>>>>>>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in=
 the
>>>>>>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path=
 use
>>>>>>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce route=
s,
>>>>>>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
>>>>>>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
>>>>>>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
>>>>>>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information ensur=
es
>>>>>>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the s=
ame
>>>>>>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default route=
s
>>>>>>>>can be used safely.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what
>>>>>>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is w=
hen
>>>>>>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unabl=
e to
>>>>>>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node ne=
ed
>>>>>>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
>>>>>>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
>>>>>>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is diffi=
cult
>>>>>>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type=
 of
>>>>>>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
>>>>>>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But th=
ere
>>>>>>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs that
>>>>>>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobi=
le.
>>>>>>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you might
>>>>>>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default rou=
ting
>>>>>>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility, alo=
ng
>>>>>>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a
>>>>>>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops t=
o
>>>>>>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>regards,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Anders
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>
>>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>
>>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>
>>
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
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>
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Date: Wed, 03 Mar 2004 22:10:43 +0100
From: Eric Fleury ARES--INRIA <Eric.Fleury@loria.fr>
Organization: ARES - CITI / INSA de Lyon
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To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
CC: manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Hello,

Christophe Jelger wrote:
 > Again using MPR is not a problem ... there will be less flexibility and
 > routes might not be "shortest path", but there is no reason why it
 > should not work.

I think that the great property inside OLSR is that MPR offers shortest 
path as opposed to a of pure flooding process that may generate non 
optimal routes... but my point is not to enter in this polemical details 
right know.

I do not really understand the aim of this debate since each one tries 
to push one solution  with a implementation point of view.
I'll prefer to try to model / formalize the problem and try to design 
general classes of solutions but without  all implementation constrains 
in a first time. Some works do  exist on  proactive/reactive compromise 
for routing. I'm sure that we can also have and show the same behavior 
on GW discovery processes.

Trying to maintain contiguous areas is a potential candidate but the 
argument to support such proposal should not be "it avoids to set up 
source routing which is hardest to setup on current kernel...". Note 
that IP was modified to support multicast (-;

This discussion on GW discovery appeared several months/years ago in the 
MANET mailing list and in fine, one conclusion was that we need a more 
general service discovery protocol. More precisely, trying to focus only 
on prefix delegation and developing a independent protocol is a so so 
answer since it will always be redundant with the underlying routing 
protocol used (cf OLSR flooding discussion!).

Thus either we try to set up a more generic discovery protocol and a 
GW/prefix is one service (and we can try to compare here large classes 
of philosophies : pro actively announce services, reactively reclaim 
services...) or we can try to develop MANET routing protocol extension 
in order to corporate prefix delegation. IN OLSR, using MPRs + TC 
packets will be more efficient than re designing a flooding like prefix 
delegation...

I'm ok to set up the skeleton of an initial draft requirement for a 
generic service discovery (even if I do not like this term of service 
since it is used 1000 times in several contexts...)

Regards

Eric


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Eric Fleury wrote:

> This discussion on GW discovery appeared several months/years ago in 
> the MANET mailing list and in fine, one conclusion was that we need a 
> more general service discovery protocol. More precisely, trying to 
> focus only on prefix delegation and developing a independent protocol 
> is a so so answer since it will always be redundant with the 
> underlying routing protocol used (cf OLSR flooding discussion!).
>
> Thus either we try to set up a more generic discovery protocol and a 
> GW/prefix is one service (and we can try to compare here large classes 
> of philosophies : pro actively announce services, reactively reclaim 
> services...) or we can try to develop MANET routing protocol extension 
> in order to corporate prefix delegation. IN OLSR, using MPRs + TC 
> packets will be more efficient than re designing a flooding like 
> prefix delegation...


I agree with your point that it is redundant to have a separate protocol
to advertise gateways (which is really a distance-vector routing protocol),
when gateway information can and should be provided by the underlying
routing protocol (without promoting a particular routing protocol at 
this time).

In fact, I made a similar point last September, which I will repeat here:

On 22 July 2002 Guillaume Chelius wrote:

 > My opinion is that we should not split the gateway advertisement 
mechanism from
 > the routing protocol. It is the protocol responsability to propose a 
mechanism
 > which allows a node to discover gateways and to manage routes between 
nodes to
 > gateways.

I completely agree with this. For example, assuming that a proactive
routing protocol is used, there is no need to introduce a DSDV-like
mechanism to provide gateway information to the manet nodes, when the
routing protocol can provide this information to the manet nodes. 
If prefix continuity is desired, the routing protocol can be modified to
achieve this (e.g., by computing a source tree for each known prefix).

Similarly, a multi-hop extension of NDP as described in
draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt should not be necessary since the
routing protocol can and should provide the required information to the
manet nodes in a timely, efficient manner. 
(If it doesn't, then the routing protocol needs to be improved.)

The only reason to have a separate mechanism to advertise gateway
information is if one wanted to do this proactively, even though the
underlying routing protocol is reactive. In this case, I think that
either

(a) the separate mechanism would be used ONLY with the reactive protocol, or

(b) the mechanism would really be a reduced version of the proactive
    protocol, which maintains routes only to and from each gateway. 

Regards,
Richard




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Cc: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>, manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Hi all,

> I do not really understand the aim of this debate since each one tries 
> to push one solution  with a implementation point of view.
> I'll prefer to try to model / formalize the problem and try to design 
> general classes of solutions but without  all implementation 
> constrains in a first time. Some works do  exist on  
> proactive/reactive compromise for routing. I'm sure that we can also 
> have and show the same behavior on GW discovery processes.

I think this evidences once more the need for an WG-agreed requirements 
document. I think this is somethink we need to start working on as a WG. 
Comparing the prefix continuity approach against the tunnelling 
approaches does not make any sense if we do not agree firstly on what 
are our requirements. For example, in an "opperator centric" approach, 
prefix continuity would be very interesting. Is that one of our 
requirements?. I think those are the things we have to state in such a 
document.

As I mentioned some e-mails ago, I'd be willing work on such a draft. 
But, it needs definetly to be agreed within the WG.

> Thus either we try to set up a more generic discovery protocol and a 
> GW/prefix is one service (and we can try to compare here large classes 
> of philosophies : pro actively announce services, reactively reclaim 
> services...) or we can try to develop MANET routing protocol extension 
> in order to corporate prefix delegation. IN OLSR, using MPRs + TC 
> packets will be more efficient than re designing a flooding like 
> prefix delegation...

I also think that Internet conectivity is a basic service to discover 
inside a MANET. In fact, a prefix does not convey enough information 
about the network to which the GW is connected. Should GW provide 
further information, MANET nodes can take more intelligent decissions. 
However, I think that working towards a general service discovery could 
actually add much more complexity. I think we can concentrate at the 
moment on Internet connectivity whereas this general service discovery 
(including Internet) may fall into the ANS charter??

In any case, I have no objection if the WG dicides to go that way.

Regards,

Pedro


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Date: Wed, 03 Mar 2004 17:44:19 -0500
To: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>, manet <manet@ietf.org>
From: Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
In-Reply-To: <40465203.6020407@earthlink.net>
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At 07:54 PM 3/3/2004, Richard Ogier wrote:
>Eric Fleury wrote:
>
>>This discussion on GW discovery appeared several months/years ago in the MANET mailing list and in fine, one conclusion was that we need a more general service discovery protocol. More precisely, trying to focus only on prefix delegation and developing a independent protocol is a so so answer since it will always be redundant with the underlying routing protocol used (cf OLSR flooding discussion!).
>>
>>Thus either we try to set up a more generic discovery protocol and a GW/prefix is one service (and we can try to compare here large classes of philosophies : pro actively announce services, reactively reclaim services...) or we can try to develop MANET routing protocol extension in order to corporate prefix delegation. IN OLSR, using MPRs + TC packets will be more efficient than re designing a flooding like prefix delegation...
>
>
>I agree with your point that it is redundant to have a separate protocol
>to advertise gateways (which is really a distance-vector routing protocol),
>when gateway information can and should be provided by the underlying
>routing protocol (without promoting a particular routing protocol at this time).
>
>In fact, I made a similar point last September, which I will repeat here:
>
>On 22 July 2002 Guillaume Chelius wrote:
>
>> My opinion is that we should not split the gateway advertisement mechanism from
>> the routing protocol. It is the protocol responsability to propose a mechanism
>> which allows a node to discover gateways and to manage routes between nodes to
>> gateways.
>
>I completely agree with this. For example, assuming that a proactive
>routing protocol is used, there is no need to introduce a DSDV-like
>mechanism to provide gateway information to the manet nodes, when the
>routing protocol can provide this information to the manet nodes. If prefix continuity is desired, the routing protocol can be modified to
>achieve this (e.g., by computing a source tree for each known prefix).
>
>Similarly, a multi-hop extension of NDP as described in
>draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt should not be necessary since the
>routing protocol can and should provide the required information to the
>manet nodes in a timely, efficient manner. (If it doesn't, then the routing protocol needs to be improved.)
>
>The only reason to have a separate mechanism to advertise gateway
>information is if one wanted to do this proactively, even though the
>underlying routing protocol is reactive. In this case, I think that
>either
>
>(a) the separate mechanism would be used ONLY with the reactive protocol, or
>
>(b) the mechanism would really be a reduced version of the proactive
>   protocol, which maintains routes only to and from each gateway. 

I agree with this also.
Gateway advertisement has been straightforward for the proactive routing approaches.
This is applied in practice today.

A problem statement should not require a separate mechanism for that case.

-Joe

>Regards,
>Richard
>
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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To: Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
Cc: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>, manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
References: <005301c40025$0235b280$6de325da@jafymobile> <m2n06yifhe.wl@mobilegravity.wireless.ietf59.or.kr.sfc.wide.ad.jp> <12767107.1078306244548.JavaMail.adm-moff@moffice2.nsc.no> <4045B7F7.9020902@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <4045B543.6000601@telecom.lth.se> <4045C597.4000204@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <1078316927.1364.25.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se> <4045E2ED.2050704@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <1078323208.1364.48.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se> <006b01c40137$930f50a0$1f175d80@inria.fr> <1078334055.1364.99.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se> <40462332.9020908@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <404649D3.1050208@loria.fr> <40465203.6020407@earthlink.net> <6.0.3.0.2.20040303173506.02a99ec0@pop.itd.nrl.navy.mil>
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Joe Macker wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid6.0.3.0.2.20040303173506.02a99ec0@pop.itd.nrl.navy.mil">
  <pre wrap="">At 07:54 PM 3/3/2004, Richard Ogier wrote:
  </pre>
  <blockquote type="cite">
    <pre wrap="">Eric Fleury wrote:

    </pre>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">This discussion on GW discovery appeared several months/years ago in the MANET mailing list and in fine, one conclusion was that we need a more general service discovery protocol. More precisely, trying to focus only on prefix delegation and developing a independent protocol is a so so answer since it will always be redundant with the underlying routing protocol used (cf OLSR flooding discussion!).

Thus either we try to set up a more generic discovery protocol and a GW/prefix is one service (and we can try to compare here large classes of philosophies : pro actively announce services, reactively reclaim services...) or we can try to develop MANET routing protocol extension in order to corporate prefix delegation. IN OLSR, using MPRs + TC packets will be more efficient than re designing a flooding like prefix delegation...
      </pre>
    </blockquote>
    <pre wrap="">
I agree with your point that it is redundant to have a separate protocol
to advertise gateways (which is really a distance-vector routing protocol),
when gateway information can and should be provided by the underlying
routing protocol (without promoting a particular routing protocol at this time).

In fact, I made a similar point last September, which I will repeat here:

On 22 July 2002 Guillaume Chelius wrote:

    </pre>
    <blockquote type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">My opinion is that we should not split the gateway advertisement mechanism from
the routing protocol. It is the protocol responsability to propose a mechanism
which allows a node to discover gateways and to manage routes between nodes to
gateways.
      </pre>
    </blockquote>
    <pre wrap="">I completely agree with this. For example, assuming that a proactive
routing protocol is used, there is no need to introduce a DSDV-like
mechanism to provide gateway information to the manet nodes, when the
routing protocol can provide this information to the manet nodes. If prefix continuity is desired, the routing protocol can be modified to
achieve this (e.g., by computing a source tree for each known prefix).

Similarly, a multi-hop extension of NDP as described in
draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt should not be necessary since the
routing protocol can and should provide the required information to the
manet nodes in a timely, efficient manner. (If it doesn't, then the routing protocol needs to be improved.)

The only reason to have a separate mechanism to advertise gateway
information is if one wanted to do this proactively, even though the
underlying routing protocol is reactive. In this case, I think that
either

(a) the separate mechanism would be used ONLY with the reactive protocol, or

(b) the mechanism would really be a reduced version of the proactive
  protocol, which maintains routes only to and from each gateway. 
    </pre>
  </blockquote>
  <pre wrap=""><!---->
I agree with this also.
Gateway advertisement has been straightforward for the proactive routing approaches.
This is applied in practice today.

A problem statement should not require a separate mechanism for that case.
  </pre>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: monospace;">I tend to agree with both of you.
But I would also consider the to extend a reactive protocol with a
proactive gateway discovery mechanism. So, you can call this enhanced
protocol to be hybrid. But I think there is no point in having the
mechanism separate from the routing protocol.<br>
<br>
However, I think is a good practice to focus now on defining such a
mechanism regardless of the routing protocol, and then try to
incorporate the agreed mechanism into any of the MANET routing
protocols (either proactive or reactive).<br>
<br>
Regards, Pedro<br>
</span>
</body>
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Mar  3 19:13:44 2004
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Subject: [manet] ACM MobiCom 2004 CFP - Paper registrations due March 8
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We apologize in advance if you receive multiple copies of this CFP.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

                           =20
                             CALL FOR PAPERS
                                   =20
                              MobiCom 2004
               The Tenth Annual International Conference
                   on Mobile Computing and Networking
                 =20
                      September 26 - October 1, 2004
                          Philadelphia, PA, USA
             (dates and location are subject to final approval)

                 http://www.sigmobile.org/mobicom/2004/

                       Sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE

                             IMPORTANT DATES:
                         Paper registrations due:
                              March 8, 2004
                          Paper submissions due:
                              March 15, 2004
                        Notification of acceptance:
                              June 21, 2004
                        Camera-ready versions due:
                              July 25, 2004
=20
ACM MobiCom 2004, the Tenth Annual International Conference on Mobile
Computing and Networking, is the tenth in the series of annual =
conferences
sponsored by ACM SIGMOBILE and dedicated to addressing the challenges in =
the
areas of mobile computing and wireless and mobile networking. The =
MobiCom
conference series serves as the premier international forum addressing
networks, systems, algorithms, and applications that support the =
symbiosis
of mobile computers and wireless networks. MobiCom is a highly =
selective,
single-track conference focusing on all issues in mobile computing and
wireless and mobile networking at the link layer and above.
=20
 PAPERS: Authors are invited to submit full papers presenting new =
research
related to the theory or practice of mobile computing and networking. =
All
submissions must describe original research that is not published or
currently under review by another conference or journal. Areas of =
interest
include, but are not limited to:
-	Applications and computing services supporting mobile users
-	Architectures, protocols, and algorithms to cope with mobility,
limited
      bandwidth, or intermittent connectivity
-	Database and data management issues in mobile computing
-	Operating system and middleware support for mobile computing and=20
      networking
-	Distributed systems aspects of mobile computing
-	New mobile and wireless applications
-	Integration and interworking of wired and wireless networks=09
-	Performance of mobile and wireless networks and systems=20
-	Location-dependent applications and protocols
-	Security and privacy of mobile/wireless systems
-	Mobile ad hoc and sensor networks
-	Wireless multimedia systems
-	Algorithms and protocols for power management and control
-	Service creation and management environments for mobile/wireless
systems
=20
The program committee will referee all papers, and accepted papers will =
be
published in the conference proceedings. Selected papers will appear in =
a
special issue of the ACM/Kluwer Wireless Networks (WINET) journal.
=20
CHALLENGES PAPERS: The conference also solicits short papers (maximum of =
8
pages) that challenge the mobile computing community with revolutionary =
new
approaches, new technologies, or visionary applications. Such papers =
should
provide stimulating ideas or grand visions that may open up exciting =
avenues
of far-reaching future research. Descriptions of new products or simple
evolution of existing work are not appropriate as Challenges Papers.
Challenges Papers will be reviewed and should be submitted using the =
normal
submission procedure. The title of such papers must start with the word
"Challenges," i.e., "Challenges: ... `rest of the title'."
=20
SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS: All paper submissions will be handled
electronically. Authors should prepare a PDF or a PostScript version of
their full paper. Papers must be no longer than 15 pages (8 pages for
Challenges submissions), font size not smaller than 10 points, and must =
fit
properly on U.S. "letter"-sized paper (8.5x11 inches) with reasonable
margins. Detailed instructions for the paper submission procedure and =
format
will be available on the conference web pages. The deadline for =
registering
the title and the abstract of the paper with our electronic submission
system is March 8, 2004 and the deadline for submitting the actual paper =
is
March 15, 2004. All deadlines are 11:59PM EST.

All submitted papers will be judged based on their quality through
double-blind review process, where the identities of the authors are
withheld from the reviewers. Authors should not be identifiable by any =
means
from the paper or from the PDF or the Postscript file. Guidelines for
preparing the paper for blind reviewing, as well as electronic paper
submission instructions, will be available on the conference web pages.

Submitted or substantially similar papers must not be currently under =
review
for any other publication. Please direct any questions regarding paper
submission to the Program Co-Chairs, Samir Das and Ravi Jain at
mobicom_pcchairs@acm.org.
=20
TUTORIALS: Proposals for tutorials are solicited. Evaluation of tutorial
proposals will be based on the expertise and experience of the =
instructors
and on the relevance of the subject matter. Potential instructors are
requested to submit a tutorial proposal of at most 5 pages, including a
biographical sketch, to the Tutorial Co-Chairs, Andrew Campbell
(campbell@ee.columbia.edu) and Taieb Znati (tznati@nsf.gov). The =
deadline
for tutorial proposals is April 05, 2004.
=20
PANELS: Panel proposals are solicited that examine innovative,
controversial, or otherwise provocative issues of interest. Panel =
proposals
should not exceed 3 pages, including biographical sketches of the =
panelists.
Potential panel organizers should contact the Panel Co-Chairs, Prathima
Agrawal (pagrawal@eng.auburn.edu) and Tao Zhang
(tao@research.telcordia.com). The deadline for panel proposals is April =
26,
2004.
=20
RESEARCH DEMOS AND EXHIBITS: Proposals for research demos are solicited.
Proposals should not exceed 3 pages and should include a description of =
the
demo and equipment to be used. Send proposals to the Research Demo =
Chair,
Elizabeth Belding-Royer (ebelding@cs.ucsb.edu). The deadline for demo
proposals is July 12, 2004. We are also planning an Expo featuring =
exhibits
of the latest mobile computing products and services.

STUDENT POSTER SESSION: Student posters are solicited that present =
recent
and on-going research by students on mobile computing and mobile and
wireless networking topics. Student posters should not exceed 2 pages =
and
should include a description of the student's research. See above for =
paper
formatting requirements. Accepted posters will be put on the conference =
web
page; however, they will not be printed in the conference proceedings. =
Send
poster submissions to the Student Poster Co-Chairs, Chiara Petrioli
(petrioli@di.uniroma1.it) and Stefano Basagni (basagni@ece.neu.edu). The
deadline for student posters is July 12, 2004.

BEST STUDENT PAPER AWARD: Papers with a student as a primary author will =
be
considered for the Best Student Paper Award, with a cash award of 1000 =
USD.
Students must indicate with their submission that they would like to be
considered for this award. The student author of the awarded paper is
expected to present the paper at the conference.
=20
 GENERAL CHAIR
	               Zygmunt Haas
                     Cornell University
                     =20
 PROGRAM CO-CHAIRS
		         Samir R. Das
                     Stony Brook University, SUNY
                     =20
                     Ravi Jain
                     DoCoMo USA Labs

 STEERING COMMITTEE CHAIR
			   Imrich Chlamtac
			   University of Texas at Dallas


 ACM PROGRAM DIRECTOR
                     Ginger Ignatoff


 Additional committee members will be announced on the conference web =
page.


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Thread-Topic: ZRP simulation
Thread-Index: AcQBj5K8wIzCqQB/RYmH+95mOYXKAQ==
From: "#ZHOU XIAOFENG#" <PG07637927@ntu.edu.sg>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
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Subject: [manet] ZRP simulation
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Hi,all
I have download the source code of ZRP in Glomosim from =
http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu/wnlprojects.html=20
and I untar the compressed package release the zrp.h and zrp.pc
then copy these two files into the /glomosim-2.03/glomosim/network to =
overwrite the existed files with same name. then delete the files zrp.o =
and zrp.pi
the next step is compile zrp.pc to produce .pi and .o files, but when I =
compile the zrp.pc, there are some errors:
such as all of the include files in the source code of zrp.pc.
=20
Could anybody tell me the reason? and how to tackle it.
or could you tell me how to perform the simulation of zrp
Thank you very much!

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From: Justin Lipman <justin@titr.uow.edu.au>
To: "#ZHOU XIAOFENG#" <PG07637927@ntu.edu.sg>, <manet@ietf.org>
Date: Thu, 4 Mar 2004 14:42:26 +1100
Reply-To: justin@titr.uow.edu.au
Organization: CRC-SIT
Subject: Re: [manet] ZRP simulation
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Hi Zhou,

Sounds like you have a problem with the version of gcc that is being used.
I havent tried compiling ZRP in GlomoSim, but your description of the errors 
sounds familiar to the problem I had when using the incorrect version of gcc.

at your unix prompt type gcc -v 
if you have any other version of gcc other than gcc-2.95 then you will have 
this problem. 

You might also want to limit these types of questions to the GlomoSim mailing 
lists... if they still exist...

hope this helps,
Justin


On Thu, 4 Mar 2004 01:22 pm, #ZHOU XIAOFENG# wrote:
> Hi,all
> I have download the source code of ZRP in Glomosim from
> http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu/wnlprojects.html and I untar the compressed
> package release the zrp.h and zrp.pc
> then copy these two files into the /glomosim-2.03/glomosim/network to
> overwrite the existed files with same name. then delete the files zrp.o and
> zrp.pi the next step is compile zrp.pc to produce .pi and .o files, but
> when I compile the zrp.pc, there are some errors: such as all of the
> include files in the source code of zrp.pc.
>
> Could anybody tell me the reason? and how to tackle it.
> or could you tell me how to perform the simulation of zrp
> Thank you very much!
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

-- 
Research Associate
Smart Internet Technology Cooperative Research Centre
http://www.titr.uow.edu.au/~justin


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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Christophe Jelger'" <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>,
        "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Default Routes
Date: Thu, 4 Mar 2004 14:20:49 +0900
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Hello, Christophe. 

Please see my inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Christophe Jelger
> Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 10:19 PM
> To: manet
> Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
> 
> 
> 
> Anders,
> 
> The difference with pure flooding is that an ad hoc does not 
> forward the 
> information if it does not use it. With this very simple rule prefix 
> continuity is possible.
> 
> We did not want to add a default route for reactive protocols 
> because :
> 1. If there is a default route, how can the protocol be reactive ? 
> (there is always a match in the routing table for any destination)

Why not? It depends on the condition on which route discovery should be
triggered based. We can give more stric constraint like this to reactive
routing protocol. If  a valid route entry which is not a default route
is not found, peform route discovery. Otherwise, another way is
presented in my draft(and somewhere in other draft). If default route is
available according to source address, do not "route discovery" and just
forward using the default route. And later,         prefix route(/n)
entry from solicited/unsolicited gateway advertisement is found, packets
are forwarded using the prefix route and perform route discovery. ->
"route optimization". I think that this approach is also
reacive(on-demand). 

> 2. If there is no default route, the gateway can reply to REQ for 
> destinations that are outside the Internet. Of course if we want to 
> guarantee that all nodes on the path to the gateway share the same 
> prefix, we cannot use the route obtained via the reactive 
> protol. Each node must send the packet to the neighbor from which it
got 
> its prefix. I'm sure how this could be specified within the operation
of 
> a reactive protocol.
> 
> Christophe
> 

I remember that we have discussed about this. Could you elaborate on
this? 

More question. When current default route(path) which share same prefix
breaks, how can this fact is informed to downstream nodes immediately?
By RERR for the corresponding gateway? As I mentioned several times
before, it is not guaranteed that route informaition(next hop of the gw)
obtained by routing protocol is same as upstream neighbor of the default
route. Thus, RERR for the gateway may not be issued. If different
neighbor node advertising same prefix is available, you can switch this
node as new upstream node. However, If not, (It may take a few seconds
to recognize this.) the node should change its address with one with
different prefix. In recuresively, all downstream nodes will change
their addresses if they are arranged in a line. Total delays are
incremented node by node until leaf node will recognize breakage of the
default route.
  
I have a question which has not been asked before. In your draft, how
can a gateway determine that a global address affiliated to its prefix
is owned by a MANET node or not? A gateway can do this because it should
issue ICMP destination unreachable for addresses which are not used any
more by MANET nodes and perform route discovery for addresses which are
used by MANET nodes. In other drafts including Wakikawa's, Pekka's, and
mine, a node updates its address lifetime as well as reachability from a
gateway through periodic RREQ/RREP exchange.  

Regards,

HyunWook

 


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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Christophe Jelger'" <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>,
        "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Default Routes
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Hello, Chiristophe and Eric.

Please see my inline comments.=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On=20
> Behalf Of Christophe Jelger
> Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 10:52 PM
> To: manet
> Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Hi Erik,
>=20
> Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admit=20
> that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new=20
> version soon.
>=20
> To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each=20
> ad hoc node=20
> to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use=20
> the closest=20
> gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same=20
> prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the=20
> gateway).=20
> We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your=20
> email is that=20
> switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node=20
> independently.
>=20

As long as I understand, what Eric means is that "switching decision
between gateways" in a node should not be affected by neighbors'
prefix/address and each node can decide independently its best gateway.
In case of second algorithm, this is not provided.

[from Eric's mail] =20
> >
> >My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has=20
> many properties
> >that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily=20
> support multiple
> >gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
> >traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
> >advantages of tunnels in this context.

Could you elaborate on this? What are tunnel end points? What about
inbound traffic?
=20

> >
> >Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet=20
> connectivity, I think
> >that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showing
> >problems or benefits of different strategies. I have=20
> implemented gateway
> >connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
> >direction of tunnels.
> >
> >Regards,
> >
> >Erik Nordstr=F6m
> >
> >

I think that tunneling, source based forwarding, routing header those
kind of stuff are not research issues but engineering issues. Though,
performance does matter on either side.=20

Regards,

HyunWook=20
=20


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Hi,

Can you please elaborate on that ? While I agree with your statement, I 
don't fully agree with the way that it is "straighforward". Advertising 
a prefix is obviously very easy, and using it is also easy with the 
tunnel approach. I think the complexity (relatively speaking) is in the 
maintenance due to nodes mobility. Even with the tunnel approach, a node 
must check that the gateway is always reachable in order to be able to 
switch to a new gateway. Each node should also always use (for example) 
the closest gateway. We can also consider load balancing between gateways.

Christophe


>I agree with this also.
>Gateway advertisement has been straightforward for the proactive routing approaches.
>This is applied in practice today.
>
>A problem statement should not require a separate mechanism for that case.
>
>-Joe
>
>  
>



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Hi Pedro,

I agree with you when you say that the gateway discovery mechanism 
should not be separated from the routing protocol.

As stated in the draft, our approach could easily be integrated into 
OLSR. That's what we plan to do with the LRI version (Qolyester). We 
could therefore use the neighbors table of OLSR and use TC packets to 
send the gateway information (the operation has to be slightly modified 
but I won't go into the details).

There might be some more complicated issues with reactive protocols, but 
I haven't gone into implementation details so far.

Christophe

Pedro M. Ruiz wrote:

>>
> I tend to agree with both of you. But I would also consider the to 
> extend a reactive protocol with a proactive gateway discovery 
> mechanism. So, you can call this enhanced protocol to be hybrid. But I 
> think there is no point in having the mechanism separate from the 
> routing protocol.
>
> However, I think is a good practice to focus now on defining such a 
> mechanism regardless of the routing protocol, and then try to 
> incorporate the agreed mechanism into any of the MANET routing 
> protocols (either proactive or reactive).
>
> Regards, Pedro
> _______________________________________________ manet mailing list 
> manet@ietf.org https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet 




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Hi all,

Well I obviously appreciate the discussions we have on gateway 
discovery, but as Eric Fleury said, we had similar discussions in the 
past. This time I hope it won't be for nothing, and I hope there could 
be some constructive consequences. It seems that many MANET members are 
willing to work on that, so maybe we could summarize the discussions we 
had and try to go ahead, maybe with a problem statement draft.

So (maybe this is a very direct question) are the chairs willing to add 
this issues in the WG charter ?

I think we could start to discuss on how we could collaborate ...

Christophe



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Hi Christophe,

I completely agree with your approach. First you define how to do the 
Internet interworking, then once it is proven to be correct, it will be 
integrated within the routing protocols (e.g. OLSR),

Of course, some problems may happen to appear when integrating with the 
protocol. But, I think those are solvable once you know exactly how do 
you want to perform the Interworking.

So, I think we have the same view on this.

Regards, Pedro

Christophe Jelger wrote:

> Hi Pedro,
>
> I agree with you when you say that the gateway discovery mechanism 
> should not be separated from the routing protocol.
>
> As stated in the draft, our approach could easily be integrated into 
> OLSR. That's what we plan to do with the LRI version (Qolyester). We 
> could therefore use the neighbors table of OLSR and use TC packets to 
> send the gateway information (the operation has to be slightly 
> modified but I won't go into the details).
>
> There might be some more complicated issues with reactive protocols, 
> but I haven't gone into implementation details so far.
>
> Christophe
>
> Pedro M. Ruiz wrote:
>
>>>
>> I tend to agree with both of you. But I would also consider the to 
>> extend a reactive protocol with a proactive gateway discovery 
>> mechanism. So, you can call this enhanced protocol to be hybrid. But 
>> I think there is no point in having the mechanism separate from the 
>> routing protocol.
>>
>> However, I think is a good practice to focus now on defining such a 
>> mechanism regardless of the routing protocol, and then try to 
>> incorporate the agreed mechanism into any of the MANET routing 
>> protocols (either proactive or reactive).
>>
>> Regards, Pedro
>> _______________________________________________ manet mailing list 
>> manet@ietf.org https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet 
>
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>



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Subject: RE: [manet] Gateway Discovery : are we going forward ?
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Hello, all.

I agree with Christophe, though "Gateway Discovery" seems to be narrow.
This is important issue since it is not an optional service, and basic
framework to enable communication through Internet as well as
incorporation with MIPv6 and multi-homing issues can be addressed in
this category.  

HyunWook 

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Christophe Jelger
Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 7:16 PM
To: manet
Subject: [manet] Gateway Discovery : are we going forward ?



Hi all,

Well I obviously appreciate the discussions we have on gateway 
discovery, but as Eric Fleury said, we had similar discussions in the 
past. This time I hope it won't be for nothing, and I hope there could 
be some constructive consequences. It seems that many MANET members are 
willing to work on that, so maybe we could summarize the discussions we 
had and try to go ahead, maybe with a problem statement draft.

So (maybe this is a very direct question) are the chairs willing to add 
this issues in the WG charter ?

I think we could start to discuss on how we could collaborate ...

Christophe



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Subject: [manet] Why GW discovery should not be separated from reactive routing protocols?
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Hello, all.

Could you tell me why GW discovery should not be separated from reactive
routing protocols? IMO, periodic gw solication/advertisement seems to be
proactive. 

Thanks in advance.

HyunWook 

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Richard Ogier
Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 6:46 AM
To: manet
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes



Eric Fleury wrote:

> This discussion on GW discovery appeared several months/years ago in
> the MANET mailing list and in fine, one conclusion was that we need a 
> more general service discovery protocol. More precisely, trying to 
> focus only on prefix delegation and developing a independent protocol 
> is a so so answer since it will always be redundant with the 
> underlying routing protocol used (cf OLSR flooding discussion!).
>
> Thus either we try to set up a more generic discovery protocol and a
> GW/prefix is one service (and we can try to compare here large classes

> of philosophies : pro actively announce services, reactively reclaim 
> services...) or we can try to develop MANET routing protocol extension

> in order to corporate prefix delegation. IN OLSR, using MPRs + TC 
> packets will be more efficient than re designing a flooding like 
> prefix delegation...


I agree with your point that it is redundant to have a separate protocol
to advertise gateways (which is really a distance-vector routing
protocol),
when gateway information can and should be provided by the underlying
routing protocol (without promoting a particular routing protocol at 
this time).

In fact, I made a similar point last September, which I will repeat
here:

On 22 July 2002 Guillaume Chelius wrote:

 > My opinion is that we should not split the gateway advertisement 
mechanism from
 > the routing protocol. It is the protocol responsability to propose a 
mechanism
 > which allows a node to discover gateways and to manage routes between

nodes to
 > gateways.

I completely agree with this. For example, assuming that a proactive
routing protocol is used, there is no need to introduce a DSDV-like
mechanism to provide gateway information to the manet nodes, when the
routing protocol can provide this information to the manet nodes. 
If prefix continuity is desired, the routing protocol can be modified to
achieve this (e.g., by computing a source tree for each known prefix).

Similarly, a multi-hop extension of NDP as described in
draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv6-02.txt should not be necessary since the
routing protocol can and should provide the required information to the
manet nodes in a timely, efficient manner. 
(If it doesn't, then the routing protocol needs to be improved.)

The only reason to have a separate mechanism to advertise gateway
information is if one wanted to do this proactively, even though the
underlying routing protocol is reactive. In this case, I think that
either

(a) the separate mechanism would be used ONLY with the reactive
protocol, or

(b) the mechanism would really be a reduced version of the proactive
    protocol, which maintains routes only to and from each gateway. 

Regards,
Richard




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Hello,

> Could you tell me why GW discovery should not be separated from reactive
> routing protocols? IMO, periodic gw solication/advertisement seems to be
> proactive. 

A periodic solicitation/advertisement scheme is indeed proactive. As for 
a periodic unsolicited advertisement one. But on-demand 
solicitation/advertisement (route-request to the gateway) is reactive. 
This clearly shows that for reactive protocols, the gateway/prefix 
advertizement may be either integrated to the routing protocol (for 
reactive) or may be performed by a separate protocol if a proactive 
scheme is preferred.

For a proactive protocol, the question does not hold as proactive 
advertizement can be performed at almost 0 cost.


Regards,
Guillaume.


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Subject: RE: [manet] Default Routes
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
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On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 07:36, HyunWook Cha wrote:

> [from Eric's mail]  
> > >
> > >My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has 
> > many properties
> > >that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily 
> > support multiple
> > >gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards the
> > >traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows the
> > >advantages of tunnels in this context.
> 
> Could you elaborate on this? What are tunnel end points? What about
> inbound traffic?
>  

Tunnel end points would be the source node in the ad hoc network and the
gateway. Between these end points packets are encapsulated/tunneled
(through ip-in-ip, or similar). Intermediate nodes (between the source
and the gateway) can then forward the packets without knowledge of the
external (Internet) address. In fact they need no extra state, except a
route to the gateway, which is provided by the ad hoc routing protocol.
Inbound traffic (i.e., traffic from the Internet to the ad hoc network)
does not need to be tunneled inside the ad hoc network since the return
address is routable there (in case you run Mobile IP, NAT or have
address conf).

/Erik


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Subject: Re: [manet] Gateway Discovery : are we going forward ?
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On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 11:15, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> Well I obviously appreciate the discussions we have on gateway 
> discovery, but as Eric Fleury said, we had similar discussions in the 
> past. This time I hope it won't be for nothing, and I hope there could 
> be some constructive consequences. It seems that many MANET members are 
> willing to work on that, so maybe we could summarize the discussions we 
> had and try to go ahead, maybe with a problem statement draft.
> 

I agree that a "problem statement" draft is needed. The problem I have
with the current drafts is that they try to cover _all_ grounds by
including several ways to do forwarding, address conf etc. Speaking from
experience (by trying to implement Internet connectivity in AODV-UU), it
is hard to extract something useful from these documents.

A problem statement draft would explore all issues, scenario focus,
gateway discovery, gateway forwarding, address conf etc. Hopefully, this
would lead to one draft describing a simple and efficient way to provide
Internet connectivity.

After that, there would be an opening for limited scope solutions,
extensions and optimizations, etc.

//Erik



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From: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
Date: Thu, 4 Mar 2004 13:44:24 +0100
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----- Original Message -----
From: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 8:30 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes


> >
> Routes *will* be the min-hop, since the gateway info message contains
> the distance in hops
> to the gateway, so a node can always choose a neighbor with fewer hops
> as the next hop
> to the gateway.  But the MPR forwarding rule should be that a node
> relays a gateway info
> message if the *next hop* is an MPR selector.   Thus, the path to the
> gateway will be
> a sequence of MPR selectors.    Philippe, is this correct?
>
Yes you are correct, excepted the minor point that there is no guarantee
that blind flooding or MPR flooding forward information on min-hop path e=
ven
in presence of error free transmissions. The reason is that retransmissio=
ns
on optimal path could be re-empted by retransmissions on non-optimal path=
s.
However MPR flooding will be statistically done on shorter paths than bli=
nd
flooding.

In order to get shortest path for sure we would have either to allow node=
s
to retransmit the information several times, everytime they receive it on
shorter hop number (see our paper on superflooding), or to wait long enou=
gth
between retransmission in order to collect the shortest path before
retransmission. There is also the possibility to explicitly compute the
shortest path to the gateway but this will only work with proactive
protocols.

I agree that if gateway advertizement were included in routing protocols,=
 as
it is done in proactive protocols, the problem would be much simpler. OLS=
R
has already an embedded mechanism called HNA. It can be easily extended t=
o
several gateways information if one uses the rule of selecting the gatewa=
y
with the shortest path.

Philippe

> Richard
>
> >
> >
> > And about prefix distribution : prefix distribution is limited "by
> > nature", i.e. a node that is a the limit of two "islands" will not
> > forward control packets received from the island it does not belong t=
o.
> >
> > Christophe
> >
> > Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
> >
> >> Maybe I am missing something (and please point it out), but will not
the
> >> MPR flooding limit the distribution of (different) prefixes in the
> >> network? My concern is that a node far down the (MPR) distribution p=
ath
> >> rooted at a gateway will not be able to change gateway/prefix unless
its
> >> upstream neighbor (closer to the gateway) also changes its prefix (o=
f
> >> another gateway)?
> >> file://Erik
> >>
> >> On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 16:52, Philippe Jacquet wrote:
> >>
> >>
> >>> I don't see any problem with MPR flooding, when last hop is MPR
> >>> selector
> >>> then it will be the upstream neighbor.
> >>> I think the algorithm could be an application of the recent MPRF
> >>> draft with
> >>> the option TTL=3D1.
> >>>
> >>> Philippe
> >>> ----- Original Message -----
> >>> From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
> >>> To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
> >>> Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
> >>> Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:13 PM
> >>> Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> Jelger,
> >>>
> >>> I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probabl=
y
> >>> should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
> >>> question...
> >>>
> >>> For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this =
is
> >>> already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You
> >>> propose
> >>> to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do no=
t
> >>> see
> >>> how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
> >>>
> >>> I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building
your
> >>> prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
> >>> individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study
your
> >>> draft in more detail.
> >>>
> >>> With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
> >>> announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choo=
se
a
> >>> gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care o=
f
> >>> the
> >>> rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
> >>>
> >>> /Erik
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>> Hi Erik,
> >>>>
> >>>> Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to adm=
it
> >>>> that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version
> >>>> soon.
> >>>>
> >>>> To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc
> >>>> node
> >>>> to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the
> >>>> closest
> >>>> gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
> >>>> prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the
> >>>> gateway).
> >>>> We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is
> >>>> that
> >>>> switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node
> >>>> independently.
> >>>>
> >>>> Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of
> >>>> prefix
> >>>> propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never
> >>>> diverted (in
> >>>> the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topologi=
cal
> >>>> changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The
main
> >>>> idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
> >>>> islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be o=
f
> >>>> high
> >>>> interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
> >>>>
> >>>> We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon
> >>>> and it
> >>>> works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and
> >>>> prefixes. We
> >>>> will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from
> >>>> LRI in
> >>>> France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate
our
> >>>> solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very so=
on.
> >>>>
> >>>> Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I
> >>>> personally
> >>>> think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have don=
e
> >>>> some
> >>>> simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that
results
> >>>> can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think al=
l
> >>>> solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the be=
st
> >>>> parts of all solutions.
> >>>>
> >>>> Regards,
> >>>> Christophe
> >>>>
> >>>> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>> Hi,
> >>>>>
> >>>>> I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when
> >>>>> using
> >>>>> default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not ha=
ve
a
> >>>>> complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway
> >>>>> mapping,
> >>>>> how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that
the
> >>>>> solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I
> >>>>> do not
> >>>>> think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to
> >>>>> switch
> >>>>> gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How
> >>>>> can you
> >>>>> guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway
> >>>>> at an
> >>>>> intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (fin=
al)
> >>>>> destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (f=
rom
> >>>>> different gateways) that want to change the default route -->
gateway
> >>>>> mapping?
> >>>>>
> >>>>> My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many
> >>>>> properties
> >>>>> that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support
> >>>>> multiple
> >>>>> gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards
the
> >>>>> traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows
the
> >>>>> advantages of tunnels in this context.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I
> >>>>> think
> >>>>> that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showi=
ng
> >>>>> problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented
> >>>>> gateway
> >>>>> connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
> >>>>> direction of tunnels.
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Regards,
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>> On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>> Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a
> >>>>>> special
> >>>>>> field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information.
This
> >>>>>> field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and
> >>>>>> another field
> >>>>>> gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a
routing
> >>>>>> protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in =
the
> >>>>>> sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the
> >>>>>> Internet,
> >>>>>> it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its
> >>>>>> neighbors.
> >>>>>> The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the
> >>>>>> gateway.
> >>>>>> Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the
gateway
> >>>>>> must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Christophe
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> Anders Nilsson wrote:
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Hello again,
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Christophe Jelger wrote:
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses defaul=
t
> >>>>>>>> route
> >>>>>>>> I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>> In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and
> >>>>>>>> (in the
> >>>>>>>> steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route"
> >>>>>>>> path use
> >>>>>>>> the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce
> >>>>>>>> routes,
> >>>>>>>> they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
> >>>>>>>> prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
> >>>>>>>> specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
> >>>>>>>> propagation method used to propagate the prefix information
> >>>>>>>> ensures
> >>>>>>>> that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use th=
e
> >>>>>>>> same
> >>>>>>>> gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default
routes
> >>>>>>>> can be used safely.
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control wh=
at
> >>>>>>> gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed i=
s
> >>>>>>> when
> >>>>>>> the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then
> >>>>>>> unable to
> >>>>>>> know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node
> >>>>>>> need
> >>>>>>> to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
> >>>>>>> itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
> >>>>>>> Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is
> >>>>>>> difficult
> >>>>>>> when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP
> >>>>>>> type of
> >>>>>>> solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
> >>>>>>> updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But
> >>>>>>> there
> >>>>>>> is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs th=
at
> >>>>>>> causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are
> >>>>>>> mobile.
> >>>>>>> I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you mi=
ght
> >>>>>>> think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default
> >>>>>>> routing
> >>>>>>> entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility,
> >>>>>>> along
> >>>>>>> with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, i=
n a
> >>>>>>> slightly different context, but during mobility and several hop=
s
to
> >>>>>>> the gateway, more complex control is needed.
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> regards,
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>> Anders
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>> _______________________________________________
> >>>>>> manet mailing list
> >>>>>> manet@ietf.org
> >>>>>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> _______________________________________________
> >>>> manet mailing list
> >>>> manet@ietf.org
> >>>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>>
> >>>
> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>> manet mailing list
> >>> manet@ietf.org
> >>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>> manet mailing list
> >>> manet@ietf.org
> >>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> manet mailing list
> >> manet@ietf.org
> >> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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To: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Erik_Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
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Subject: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
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Erik,

On a side note: I am just wondering if your solution really is fully transparent as you claimed? Does not AODV also use the source IP addresses of data packets to keep routes up to date... and without tunneling from GW...? Comments?

Paal

> > Could you elaborate on this? What are tunnel end points? What about
> > inbound traffic?
> >  
> 
> Tunnel end points would be the source node in the ad hoc network and the
> gateway. Between these end points packets are encapsulated/tunneled
> (through ip-in-ip, or similar). Intermediate nodes (between the source
> and the gateway) can then forward the packets without knowledge of the
> external (Internet) address. In fact they need no extra state, except a
> route to the gateway, which is provided by the ad hoc routing protocol.
> Inbound traffic (i.e., traffic from the Internet to the ad hoc network)
> does not need to be tunneled inside the ad hoc network since the return
> address is routable there (in case you run Mobile IP, NAT or have
> address conf).
> 
> /Erik
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
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Hello Paal,

You could also use source routing instead tunneling. However, if a 
tunnel is used, the source address of the tunnel is identical to the one 
of the original packet. Between the tunnel header and the packet header, 
only the destination address changes (gateway address instead of 
destination address).

Regards,
Guillaume Cheluis.

Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:

> Erik,
> 
> On a side note: I am just wondering if your solution really is fully transparent as you claimed? Does not AODV also use the source IP addresses of data packets to keep routes up to date... and without tunneling from GW...? Comments?
> 
> Paal
> 
> 
>>>Could you elaborate on this? What are tunnel end points? What about
>>>inbound traffic?
>>> 
>>
>>Tunnel end points would be the source node in the ad hoc network and the
>>gateway. Between these end points packets are encapsulated/tunneled
>>(through ip-in-ip, or similar). Intermediate nodes (between the source
>>and the gateway) can then forward the packets without knowledge of the
>>external (Internet) address. In fact they need no extra state, except a
>>route to the gateway, which is provided by the ad hoc routing protocol.
>>Inbound traffic (i.e., traffic from the Internet to the ad hoc network)
>>does not need to be tunneled inside the ad hoc network since the return
>>address is routable there (in case you run Mobile IP, NAT or have
>>address conf).
>>
>>/Erik
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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Subject: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
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On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 15:35, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> Erik,
> 
> On a side note: I am just wondering if your solution really is fully transparent as you claimed? Does not AODV also use the source IP addresses of data packets to keep routes up to date... and without tunneling from GW...? Comments?
> 

The source address is not changed in the encapsulated packet... Only the
destination is "rewritten" to be the gateway. Therefore it is fully
transparent in the sense that intermediate nodes only have to run a
standards compliant AODV implementation. If Mobile IP is used the source
address is the node's home address and will by MIP be tunneled to the
correct gateway (FA) where the node is registered. Since this home
address is routable in the ad hoc network there is no need for a tunnel
from the gateway to the ad hoc node.

Does this answer your question?

/Erik



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Erik and Guilliaume,=20

You both misunderstood the question and what the potensial problem is about=
, so I take that as evidence that I need to express myself more clearly.

- First, to address Guilliaumes comment: "Tunneling" is not a clear word: i=
s CN->MN communication in MIP6 tunneling or not? So let us use the word "En=
capsulation" and "Source Routing" instead.

- Encapsulation from Manet Node to Gw is straightforward (and probably a sa=
tisfactory IPv4 solution). Source routing is also an option (and preferable=
 with IPv6). This is not the question! Let us not discuss that.

- Here is the question: If you do not do "encapsulation" (thanks, Guilliaum=
e, for clarifying that source routing does NOT work in this case) of the re=
turn/inbound packets from GW to the MANET node, you import external address=
es into the routing system. Normally, AODV would update the outgoing route =
(to the gateway) based on the source address of the incoming (un-encapsulat=
ed!) traffic. However, this incoming un-encapsulated traffic use external a=
ddresses as source addresses.

This is why I believe your solution is not fully transparent. And this is w=
hat I asked your comment on.=20

Got it?

Paal




> From: Erik Nordstr=F6m [erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se]
> Sent: 2004-03-04 16:03:16 CET
> To: Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
> Cc: 'manet' [manet@ietf.org]
> Subject: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
>=20
> On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 15:35, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> > Erik,
> >=20
> > On a side note: I am just wondering if your solution really is fully tr=
ansparent as you claimed? Does not AODV also use the source IP addresses of=
 data packets to keep routes up to date... and without tunneling from GW...=
? Comments?
> >=20
>=20
> The source address is not changed in the encapsulated packet... Only the
> destination is "rewritten" to be the gateway. Therefore it is fully
> transparent in the sense that intermediate nodes only have to run a
> standards compliant AODV implementation. If Mobile IP is used the source
> address is the node's home address and will by MIP be tunneled to the
> correct gateway (FA) where the node is registered. Since this home
> address is routable in the ad hoc network there is no need for a tunnel
> from the gateway to the ad hoc node.
>=20
> Does this answer your question?
>=20
> /Erik
>=20
>=20

------=_Part_1289_10384886.1078414117307--


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Subject: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
To: Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
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Paal,

Ok, I understand what you mean. This might be an issue for specific
protocols and I guess for transperency you have to make tradeoffs. In
the AODV case this is not such a big issue, the gateway route will be
refreshed by the outgoing traffic (if using TCP), and I think that is
sufficient. If outgoing traffic is one way (UDP) there is no issue. The
only problem is incoming UDP traffic which is one way. In that case, it
does not really matter if the (reverse) gateway route times out, since
no traffic goes in that direction anyway.

If transparency is important, it is possible to encapsulate traffic (by
rewriting the source address) from the gateway to the source node too,
but increases complexity and overhead a bit.

However, because of the above mentioned reasons, I do not think that
this matters for AODV. Or do you think differently?

//Erik



 Thu, 2004-03-04 at 16:28, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> Erik and Guilliaume,=20
>=20
> You both misunderstood the question and what the potensial problem is a=
bout, so I take that as evidence that I need to express myself more clear=
ly.
>=20
> - First, to address Guilliaumes comment: "Tunneling" is not a clear wor=
d: is CN->MN communication in MIP6 tunneling or not? So let us use the wo=
rd "Encapsulation" and "Source Routing" instead.
>=20
> - Encapsulation from Manet Node to Gw is straightforward (and probably =
a satisfactory IPv4 solution). Source routing is also an option (and pref=
erable with IPv6). This is not the question! Let us not discuss that.
>=20
> - Here is the question: If you do not do "encapsulation" (thanks, Guill=
iaume, for clarifying that source routing does NOT work in this case) of =
the return/inbound packets from GW to the MANET node, you import external=
 addresses into the routing system. Normally, AODV would update the outgo=
ing route (to the gateway) based on the source address of the incoming (u=
n-encapsulated!) traffic. However, this incoming un-encapsulated traffic =
use external addresses as source addresses.
>=20
> This is why I believe your solution is not fully transparent. And this =
is what I asked your comment on.=20
>=20
> Got it?
>=20
> Paal
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> > From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m [erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se]
> > Sent: 2004-03-04 16:03:16 CET
> > To: Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
> > Cc: 'manet' [manet@ietf.org]
> > Subject: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
> >=20
> > On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 15:35, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> > > Erik,
> > >=20
> > > On a side note: I am just wondering if your solution really is full=
y transparent as you claimed? Does not AODV also use the source IP addres=
ses of data packets to keep routes up to date... and without tunneling fr=
om GW...? Comments?
> > >=20
> >=20
> > The source address is not changed in the encapsulated packet... Only =
the
> > destination is "rewritten" to be the gateway. Therefore it is fully
> > transparent in the sense that intermediate nodes only have to run a
> > standards compliant AODV implementation. If Mobile IP is used the sou=
rce
> > address is the node's home address and will by MIP be tunneled to the
> > correct gateway (FA) where the node is registered. Since this home
> > address is routable in the ad hoc network there is no need for a tunn=
el
> > from the gateway to the ad hoc node.
> >=20
> > Does this answer your question?
> >=20
> > /Erik
> >=20
> >=20


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Subject: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
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Hi Erik,

A short comment inline.
> Paal,
> 
> Ok, I understand what you mean. This might be an issue for specific
> protocols and I guess for transperency you have to make tradeoffs. In
> the AODV case this is not such a big issue, the gateway route will be
> refreshed by the outgoing traffic (if using TCP), and I think that is
> sufficient. If outgoing traffic is one way (UDP) there is no issue. The
> only problem is incoming UDP traffic which is one way. In that case, it
> does not really matter if the (reverse) gateway route times out, since
> no traffic goes in that direction anyway.
This is not strictly true. Even if the incoming UDP traffic is predominantly one
way, there are often control messages sent in the reverse direction, and
thus may need a route to the gateway.


> 
> If transparency is important, it is possible to encapsulate traffic (by
> rewriting the source address) from the gateway to the source node too,
> but increases complexity and overhead a bit.
> 
> However, because of the above mentioned reasons, I do not think that
> this matters for AODV. Or do you think differently?
> 
> //Erik
> 
> 
> 
>  Thu, 2004-03-04 at 16:28, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> > Erik and Guilliaume, 
> > 
> > You both misunderstood the question and what the potensial problem is about, so I take that as evidence that I need to express myself more clearly.
> > 
> > - First, to address Guilliaumes comment: "Tunneling" is not a clear word: is CN->MN communication in MIP6 tunneling or not? So let us use the word "Encapsulation" and "Source Routing" instead.
> > 
> > - Encapsulation from Manet Node to Gw is straightforward (and probably a satisfactory IPv4 solution). Source routing is also an option (and preferable with IPv6). This is not the question! Let us not discuss that.
> > 
> > - Here is the question: If you do not do "encapsulation" (thanks, Guilliaume, for clarifying that source routing does NOT work in this case) of the return/inbound packets from GW to the MANET node, you import external addresses into the routing system. Normally, AODV would update the outgoing route (to the gateway) based on the source address of the incoming (un-encapsulated!) traffic. However, this incoming un-encapsulated traffic use external addresses as source addresses.
> > 
> > This is why I believe your solution is not fully transparent. And this is what I asked your comment on. 
> > 
> > Got it?
> > 
> > Paal
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > > From: Erik Nordstr??m [erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se]
> > > Sent: 2004-03-04 16:03:16 CET
> > > To: Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
> > > Cc: 'manet' [manet@ietf.org]
> > > Subject: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
> > > 
> > > On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 15:35, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> > > > Erik,
> > > > 
> > > > On a side note: I am just wondering if your solution really is fully transparent as you claimed? Does not AODV also use the source IP addresses of data packets to keep routes up to date... and without tunneling from GW...? Comments?
> > > > 
> > > 
> > > The source address is not changed in the encapsulated packet... Only the
> > > destination is "rewritten" to be the gateway. Therefore it is fully
> > > transparent in the sense that intermediate nodes only have to run a
> > > standards compliant AODV implementation. If Mobile IP is used the source
> > > address is the node's home address and will by MIP be tunneled to the
> > > correct gateway (FA) where the node is registered. Since this home
> > > address is routable in the ad hoc network there is no need for a tunnel
> > > from the gateway to the ad hoc node.
> > > 
> > > Does this answer your question?
> > > 
> > > /Erik
> > > 
> > > 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

-- 
Sukanta K. Hazra (Mr.)	<sukanta@i2r.a-star.edu.sg>
Institute for Infocomm Research
Tel: +65 6874-1953 Fax: +65 6776-8109
Homepage: http://www1.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/~sukanta/


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Hi!

I once read a paper title something like "Interference is in the ears of
the receiver" (can't recall the exact title), and it made a lot of
things clear. Yes, it depends on the radio design and the mac. Google
for the paper, and it might be of help.

- Sukanta

----- Original Message -----
From: "Jas C <jasmina_wsu@yahoo.com>"
Date: Tue, 02 Mar, 2004 23:05 SGT
Subject: [manet] Will there be a collision???

> Hello everyone,
>  
> This is related to a doubt raised on "strong interfering signals".
>  
> I need clarification on the following scenario based on a string topology where any node can only hear its immediate neighbors and a nodes interference range and transmission range are equal.
>  
> If there are four nodes placed as  A ---- B ---- C ----D , can B transmit to A and C to D at the same time without there being a collision between B and C ? 
>  
> I understand that this is a typical exposed node problem and parallel transmissions are possible depending on the type of MAC protocol being used. 
>  
> My concern is if B and C are within each other's ranges wouldn't their transmissions  collide whereby A and D would not receive anything ??
>  
> I would appreciate any suggestions/pointers to help me clear this doubt.
>  
> Thanks a lot in advance,
> Jasmina
>  
> 
> 
> ---------------------------------
> Do you Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Search - Find what you?re looking for faster.
-- 
Sukanta K. Hazra (Mr.)	<sukanta@i2r.a-star.edu.sg>
Institute for Infocomm Research
Tel: +65 6874-1953 Fax: +65 6776-8109
Homepage: http://www1.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/~sukanta/


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Subject: RE: [manet] Re: Default Routes (WAS: Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt)
Date: Fri, 5 Mar 2004 01:49:21 +0800
Message-ID: <97B6AED9BBAE4845B2559DA63E6ECDC250F0A9@MBXSRV23.stu.nus.edu.sg>
Thread-Topic: [manet] Re: Default Routes (WAS: Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt)
Thread-Index: AcQBB0P+sJY3pXoHR+yHJEGCAvGBSgBCRwWg
From: "Sheena Lizen Barbosa" <eng02377@nus.edu.sg>
To: "Anders Nilsson" <andersn@telecom.lth.se>, <jafy@etri.re.kr>,
        "manet" <manet@ietf.org>, <Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com>
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Hi Anders,

I just wanted to know if the implementation Nico Bayer presented at =
EW2004 was with AODV6 or DSR? It's because we are working on a similar =
implementation for DSR.

Thanks and Regards,
Sheena
Final Year Student (B.Eng. Computer Engineering)
National University of Singapore

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of =
Anders Nilsson
Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 6:05 PM
To: jafy@etri.re.kr; manet; Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
Subject: [manet] Re: Default Routes (WAS: Request of Comments on the i-d =
ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt)


Hello,

I must say that I agree with all the comments about trying to coordinate =

our efforts. (I am a co-author with Ryuji).
It doesn't make any sense at all to have several drafts that say=20
basically the same thing, with some minor modifications. This is really=20
the case right now. But the fact that we have so similiar drafts tells=20
us that we are close to consensus, so making a common requirement=20
document shouldn't be too hard. Having several drafts is really bad, and =

makes things bad for the implementors. There are implementors out there=20
trying to implement these features, and they are clearly confused by all =

the different drafts. Nico Bayer have an implementation that he=20
presented last week at EW2004, that closely follows the globalv6 draft.=20
This is great, and although the imp. seems to follow the draft closely,=20
there are some major differences to the draft. This could be explained=20
by the confusion created by the different drafts, but may also=20
implementation choices. Either way, a consensus is needed.

>Although I admit that I was inspired and motivated by your draft, I do=20
>not think that your draft does address all related issues and propose=20
>all possilbe solutions. If you are interested in my suggestion, we can=20
>have good chance to share ideas and make productive work in this topic.
> =20
>
Please point out what you think is wrong.

>  =20
>As for your comment on my draft, please take it easy.
>
>[The draft says]
>one including [1 globalv6], [2], [3] which use next hop forwarding for=20
>default routes and the other including [1 globalv6] which do not use=20
>next hop forwarding and require that a sender specifies a gateway in=20
>routing header.
>
> =20
>
What do you mean here?

This is from Paals mail:

> If you have two gateways announcing the same default route, the
> MANET node has no control of which gateway the packet is routed=20
> out through. You might get problems with:
> - Stateless firewalls: E.g. The first packet of your (TCP-) session=20
> might go out through another gateway than the one corresponding to=20
> the selected source IP address. Thus, the return inbound packets will=20
> not reach the gateway corresponding to the MANET node's source IP =
address=20
> if the gateway is behind i firewall because no state is set in the =
firewall.
> - Ingress filtering: Outbound packets escaping out through "wrong" =
gateways=20
> are filtered out.

As pointed out earlier, this problem can solved by letting intermediate=20
forwarding nodes search their gateway list for the source prefix. If the =

source prefix matches an entry in the gateway list, the packet is=20
forwarded to the indicated gateway. I think this solves the problem=20
stated above. However, there is an other problem here. If the node is=20
moving inside the network, it will probably want to switch to different=20
gateways as they become closer. The only way for this to work in the=20
mentioned solution is to onfigure a new address, which is not really a=20
good solution. If the different gateways belong to the same domain, it=20
might not even be possible, and routing header might be to prefer in=20
that case. I discuss this problem among other things in a paper to be=20
presented at WWC04, the main focus of the paper is performance though.

regards,

Anders





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Erik,

No, I am very much in line with your thinking here.=20

By simple reasoning, I drew more or less the same conclusions as you did. B=
ut I am not 100% sure, since we have not tested the differences between the=
 "ideal" to-way-tunneling and one-way-tunneling. (In fact, we tested both, =
based on your AODV-UU code, thanks!, but we have not made any proper compar=
izons.)=20

My current standing is that the "ideal" Internet access mechanism, as far a=
s routing is concerned, is tunneling in both directions: source routing (IP=
v6) or encapsulation (IPv4) of outbound traffic via the gateway and encapsu=
lation of inbound traffic from gateway to MANET node (IPv4 and IPv6). From =
there you start to make optimizations to save bandwidth etc., and each opti=
mization resembles a "hack", i.e. it undermines the ideal model.
=20
- The first step is to go from two-way to one-way tunneling, as we have jus=
t discussed.=20
- The next is perhaps your proposal to "rewrite" destination addresses at t=
he GW, as you seem to propose (It does not sound good, IMHO. I think we hav=
e to accespt that we might need NAT for outgoing IPv4 traffic, but I hope y=
ou do not need it for incoming traffic as well.)
- Another alternative is to use source-address-based routing. This "hack" m=
eans that all outgoing traffic MUST have a souce IP addres under the gatewa=
ys prefix. I.e. it will not work for IPv4, where you use private/IPv4-link-=
local address with NATs or home-address with a MIP-FA based gateway. It wil=
l also exclude every future IPv6 protocol that might need to use a source a=
ddress that is not topologically correct for any gateway - i.e. this soluti=
on is also a "hack".
- The next step is perhaps to introduce Proxy RREPs (AODV, i.e. gateway imp=
ersonates external hosts when sending RREP, see the old globalv4/MIPv4 draf=
t) or to use default routes (e.g. OLSR). Here you might introduce routing r=
ace conditions, and also race conditions between MANET nodes that have pref=
erence for using different gateways but who are communicating with the same=
 external host.
- And so on...

What I have yet to understand (and this is why I initiated this discussion =
on "default routes") is the reason for default routes: i) Is it necesary ii=
) can it enhance routing performance of external traffic iii) or is it simp=
ly an optimization (or "hack") to save bandwidth.

Due to radio/link dynamics and mobility, the routing protocols are providin=
g a service that is inherently not robust. What is my concern is that the d=
efault routes, and the route selection mechansims necessary, are also not r=
ebust and prone to malfunctioning due to network dynamics. Intuitively, def=
ault routes adds an additional unpredictable element, in addition to the un=
predictability of the routing.

With tunneling, on the contrary, we have only one single problem: How to ma=
ke the routing protocol robust.

Thoughts?

Paal



> Paal,
>=20
> Ok, I understand what you mean. This might be an issue for specific
> proto
cols and I guess for transperency you have to make tradeoffs. In
> the AODV case this is not such a big issue, the gateway route will be
> refreshed by the outgoing traffic (if using TCP), and I think that is
> sufficient. If outgoing traffic is one way (UDP) there is no issue. The
> only problem is incoming UDP traffic which is one way. In that case, it
> does not really matter if the (reverse) gateway route times out, since
> no traffic goes in that direction anyway.
>=20
> If transparency is important, it is possible to encapsulate traffic (by
> rewriting the source address) from the gateway to the source node too,
> but increases complexity and overhead a bit.
>=20
> However, because of the above mentioned reasons, I do not think that
> this matters for AODV. Or do you think differently?
>=20
> //Erik
>=20
>=20
>=20
>  Thu, 2004-03-04 at 16:28, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> > Erik and Guilliaume,=20
> >=20
> > You both misunderstood the question and what the potensial problem is a=
bout, so I take that as evidence that I need to express myself more clearly=
.
> >=20
> > - First, to address Guilliaumes comment: "Tunneling" is not a clear wor=
d: is CN->MN communication in MIP6 tunneling or not? So let us use the word=
 "Encapsulation" and "Source Routing" instead.
> >=20
> > - Encapsulation from Manet Node to Gw is straightforward (and probably =
a satisfactory IPv4 solution). Source routing is also an option (and prefer=
able with IPv6). This is not the question! Let us not discuss that.
> >=20
> > - Here is the question: If you do not do "encapsulation" (thanks, Guill=
iaume, for clarifying that source routing does NOT work in this case) of th=
e return/inbound packets from GW to the MANET node, you import external add=
resses into the routing system. Normally, AODV would update the outgoing ro=
ute (to the gateway) based on the source address of the incoming (un-encaps=
ulated!) traffic. However, this incoming un-encapsulated traffic use extern=
al addresses as source addresses.
> >=20
> > This is why I believe your solution is not fully transparent. And this =
is what I asked your comment on.=20
> >=20
> > Got it?
> >=20
> > Paal
> >=20
> >=20
> >=20
> >=20
> > > From: Erik Nordstr=F6m [erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se]
> > > Sent: 2004-03-04 16:03:16 CET
> > > To: Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
> > > Cc: 'manet' [manet@ietf.org]
> > > Subject: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
> > >=20
> > > On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 15:35, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> > > > Erik,
> > > >=20
> > > > On a side note: I am just wondering if your solution really is full=
y transparent as you claimed? Does not AODV also use the source IP addresse=
s of data packets to keep routes up to date... and without tunneling from G=
W...? Comments?
> > > >=20
> > >=20
> > > The source address is not changed in the encapsulated packet... Only =
the
> > > destination is "rewritten" to be the gateway. Therefore it is fully
> > > transparent in the sense that intermediate nodes only have to run a
> > > standards compliant AODV implementation. If Mobile IP is used the sou=
rce
> > > address is the node's home address and will by MIP be tunneled to the
> > > correct gateway (FA) where the node is registered. Since this home
> > > address is routable in the ad hoc network there is no need for a tunn=
el
> > > from the gateway to the ad hoc node.
> > >=20
> > > Does this answer your question?
> > >=20
> > > /Erik
> > >=20
> > >=20
>=20

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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            ANNOUNCEMENTS:
     - PAPER SUBMISSION DEADLINE IS EXTENDED TO MARCH 12, 2004.
     - PAPERS WILL BE SUBMITTED THROUGH EDAS SYSTEM
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
			    Med-Hoc-Net 2004

	The Third Annual Mediterranean Ad Hoc Networking Workshop

		  June 27-30, 2004, Bodrum, Turkey
		  http://www.medhoc04/diit/unict.it

			    Call for Papers
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scope:

Ad hoc network applications are emerging continuously imposing their own
stringent constraints which cannot be fulfilled by generic approaches and
thus spur new research efforts. Therefore, ad hoc networks attract growing
attention from the research community. The aim of Med-Hoc-Net 2004 is to
serve as a platform for researchers and visionaries from academia,
research
labs, and industry from all over the globe to share their ideas, views,
results, and experiences in the field of ad-hoc networking and
communications. Med-Hoc-Net 2004 will include presentations of theoretical
and experimental achievements, innovative ad-hoc systems, prototyping
efforts,
case studies, and advancements in technology directly affecting ad-hoc
networking and communications infrastructures.

The papers solicited in Med-Hoc-Net 2004 cover a variety of topics
including but not limited to:

- Novel ad-hoc network architectures and applications,
- Sensor network applications and protocols,
- Implementations, testbeds, and prototypes,
- Interfacing ad-hoc systems with different networks,
- Resource discovery and management,
- Power management and control,
- Call admission and traffic shaping policies for ad-hoc networks,
- Multimedia location services,
- Self organization and network reconfiguration,
- Protocols for QoS support in ad-hoc networks,
- QoS support in Bluetooth, HIPERLAN, IEEE 802.11 etc.,
- MAC protocols, scheduling, and radio resource sharing in ad hoc
  networks,
- Unicast and multicast routing algorithms and protocols,
- Transport layer protocols for multi-hop networks,
- Congestion control,
- Performance evaluation of ad-hoc network protocols through simulations,
  analysis, and measurements,
- Security in ad-hoc networks,
- Fault tolerance and error recovery
- Signal processing algorithms (coding, compression) for ad-hoc networks

The program committee will referee all papers, and accepted papers will
be published in the conference proceedings. Papers of particular merit
will be published in the Elsevier Ad Hoc Networks Journal.

Manuscripts must be formatted according to the IEEE double-column standard
format, except the font size, which must be 11pt. Authors should use only
standard fonts, i.e., Times Roman, Courier, Symbol, and Helvetica, or
their equivalent. The maximum length of the manuscript is 12 pages.

NEW: THE PAPER SUBMISSION DEADLINE IS EXTENDED TO MARCH 12, 2004
     PAPERS WILL BE SUBMITTED THROUGH EDAS SYSTEM

Papers should be submitted in pdf or ps format through EDAS system
(http://edas.info) according to the following timetable:

Important Dates:
Full Paper Electronic Submission:		March 12, 2004
Tutorial proposal submission:			April 15, 2004
Notification of Acceptance/Rejection:           May 3, 2004
Camera ready submission of full papers:		May 17, 2004
Tutorial date:					June 27, 2004
Conference dates:				June 28-30, 2004


Organization Committee:
General Chair:
   Ian F. Akyildiz, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA

General Vice Chair:
  Erdal Cayirci, Istanbul Technical University, TURKEY

Technical Program Chairs:
   Giacomo Morabito, University of Catania, ITALY
   Eylem Ekici, Ohio State University, USA

Tutorial Chairs:
   Francesca Cuomo, University of Rome - La Sapienza, ITALY
   Christos Douligeris, University of Piraeus, GREECE

Publicity  Chairs:
   Buyurman Baykal, Middle East Technical University, TURKEY
   Jaudelice Cavalcante de Oliveira, Drexel University, USA

Registration Chair:
   Sebnem Baydere, Yeditepe University, TURKEY


Technical Program Committee:

Khaldoun Al Agha, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique, FRANCE
Hamid Aghvami, King's College London, UK
Eitan Altman, INRIA, FRANCE
Roberto Battiti, University of Trento, ITALY
Raouf Boutaba, University of Waterloo, CANADA
Walid Dabbous, INRIA, FRANCE
Magda El Zarki, University of California at Irvine, USA
Luigi Fratta, Politecnico di Milano, ITALY
Mario Gerla, UCLA, USA
Paul J. M. Havinga, University of Twente, NETHERLANDS
Ahmed Helmy, University of Southern California, USA
Farouk Kamoun, ENSI, TUNISIA
Holger Karl, Technical University of Berlin, GERMANY
Ulf  Korner, Lund Institute of Technology, SWEDEN
Bhaskar Krishnamachari, University of Southern California, USA
Marwan Krunz, University of Arizona, USA
Albert Levi, Sabanci University, TURKEY
Janise McNair, University of Florida, USA
Lazaros Merakos, University of Athens, GREECE
Ioanis Nikolaidis, University of Alberta, CANADA
Ariel Orda, Technion, ISRAEL
Sergio Palazzo, University of Catania, ITALY
Giovanni Pau, UCLA, USA
Chiara Petrioli, University of Rome "La Sapienza", ITALY
Andreas Pitsillides, University of Cyprus, CYPRUS
Guy Pujolle, LIP6, FRANCE
Paolo Santi, CNR, ITALY
Adrian Segall, Technion, ISRAEL
Ness Shroff, Purdue University, USA
Moshe Sidi, Technion, ISRAEL
Raghupathy Sivakumar, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Ioannis Stavrakakis, University of Athens, GREECE
Ivan Stojmenovic, University of Ottawa, CANADA
Violet R. Syrotiuk, Arizona State University, USA
Leandros Tassiulas, University of Thessaly, GREECE
Damla Turgut, University of Central Florida, USA
Bernhard H. Walke, Aachen University of Technology, GERMANY
Wenye Wang, North Carolina State University, USA
Michele Zorzi, University of Ferrara, ITALY



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Date: Thu, 04 Mar 2004 10:32:14 -0800
From: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
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To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
CC: guillaume.chelius@insa-lyon.fr, manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
References: <005301c40025$0235b280$6de325da@jafymobile>	 <m2n06yifhe.wl@mobilegravity.wireless.ietf59.or.kr.sfc.wide.ad.jp>	 <12767107.1078306244548.JavaMail.adm-moff@moffice2.nsc.no>	 <4045B7F7.9020902@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <4045B543.6000601@telecom.lth.se>	 <4045C597.4000204@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>	 <1078316927.1364.25.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se>	 <4045E2ED.2050704@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>	 <1078323208.1364.48.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se>	 <006b01c40137$930f50a0$1f175d80@inria.fr> <1078334055.1364.99.camel@dhcp-8-241.it.uu.se> <40462332.9020908@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr> <404649D3.1050208@loria.fr> <40465203.6020407@earthlink.net> <40470344.3070202@insa-lyon.fr> <404714FE.2010207@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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Christophe Jelger wrote:

> Guillaume,
>
> Just on point, see inline my comment. In general I agree that gateway 
> discovery should not be separated, as stated in the draft. We first 
> implemented it as a stand-alone process to check the operation. As you 
> know, we plan to integrate it into OLSR. (see below for a last comment)

<SNIP>

>
> With prefix continuity, routes are optimal if we use the "distance" 
> algorithm : always choose closest gateway. In that case the route is a 
> shortest route, but it can be different than the shortest route 
> computed by the routing protocol. On the other hand, if we use the 
> algorithm "prefix stability", then the route might not be optimal (I'm 
> currently simulating this and it appears that routes are not much 
> longer on average).
>
So, the gateway discovery protocol (which uses distance vectors)
computes a route to some gateway, and the link-state routing protocol
(e.g., OLSR or TBRPF or OSPF) computes a route to each gateway, which
may be different from the one computed by the gateway discovery protocol.
Also, it is possible that the link-state protocol reacts to topology
changes faster or slower than the gateway protocol.
Wouldn't it be nice if the two protocols could *agree* on the route to
each gateway?  I would prefer to remove this redundancy, and just have
one routing protocol that computes the routes to all nodes, including
routes to gateways and default routes.
Several people (including Joe Macker, Chelius Guillaume, Pedro Ruiz,
Eric Fleury) have agreed that it would be better to avoid redundancy
between the proactive routing protocol and gateway discovery.
Can we agree that we have consensus on this
Now, you may say that the proactive routing protocol still needs some
mechanism to achieve prefix continuity.  IF we decide we need
to ensure prefix continuity (and I have doubts about this),
then the link-state routing protocol can be modified to achieve this,
using link-state routing (instead of distance vectors).

Regards,
Richard

>


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----------
CALL FOR POSTERS

The Fifth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing
MobiHoc 2004
http://www.sigmobile.org/mobihoc/2004/

May 24-26, 2004
Tokyo, Japan

MobiHoc 2004 is the fifth of a series of annual meetings sponsored by ACM 
SIGMOBILE, focusing on the latest research in the rapidly growing area of mobile 
ad hoc networking and computing. The first MobiHoc was held in 2000 in Boston, 
Massachusetts, as a workshop affiliated with the MobiCom conference also 
sponsored by SIGMOBILE. Since then, MobiHoc has become a separate symposium, 
held in 2001 at Long Beach, California, in 2002 at Lausanne, Switzerland, in 
2003 at Annapolis, Maryland, and now in 2004 at Tokyo, Japan, on Monday through 
Wednesday, May 24-26, 2004.

The symposium will include a poster session that highlights recent and on-going 
research that has not been published elsewhere. Poster submissions will be 
reviewed and the summaries of accepted posters will appear in the SIGMOBILE's 
Mobile Computing Communications Review (MC2R). Submissions should consist of a 
2-page summary as well as a rough draft of the poster in PDF. Please see the 
website for further details or contact the Poster Co-Chairs, Mineo Takai 
<mineo@cs.ucla.edu> and Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy <krish@cs.ucr.edu>.

SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS:

Submissions for posters should be unpublished and must not be currently under 
review for any other publication, conference or workshop. Authors of accepted 
posters will need to sign an ACM copyright release form and present their poster 
at the conference. All poster submissions will be reviewed and their summaries 
will appear in the SIGMOBILE's Mobile Computing & Communications Review (MC2R). 
Poster submissions consist of two parts -- a two-page summary, and a draft of 
the poster layout. Both parts of the submission must be in PDF.

The summary must be formatted for US Letter (8.5" x 11") paper with 1" margins 
all around, 10 point font (minimum), and single line spacing (minimum) for the 
main text. The purpose of the summary is to evaluate the quality, interest and 
depth of the work to be presented. The summary is the primary item for review 
consideration.

The poster draft may be either a single sheet or multiple sheets (all 8.5" x 
11"). The draft is meant to provide an initial impression of the organization 
and presentation of the work. It does not need to be a completed poster but 
needs to at least convey the flow and presentation of what will be the final 
poster. The final posters will be 1 x 1.25 meters.

We must be able to print your summary and draft once they are submitted. Due to 
the large variety of systems available for formatting papers and producing PDF, 
this is not always possible for some systems. To maximize the chances that your 
paper will print correctly, please use only standard printer fonts (e.g., Times 
Roman, Helvetica, etc.); other fonts may be used but must be included in the PDF 
file.

IMPORTANT: The two-page summary of the poster and the poster draft will be 
submitted to DIFFERENT places. The summary will be submitted over the web at 
http://edas.info (please select the MobiHoc Poster as the conference). The 
poster submission link will be enabled 10 days prior to the poster deadline. 
After you have successfully uploaded your summary, the poster draft should be 
mailed to the Poster Co-Chairs Mineo Takai <mineo@cs.ucla.edu> and Srikanth V. 
Krishnamurthy <krish@cs.ucr.edu> indicating the Paper ID that was assigned to 
the poster summary by EDAS.

IMPORTANT DATES:

Poster Submission Deadline          March 24, 2004
Notification of Acceptance          April 19, 2004

Please see the website for further details or contact For further details or any 
questions about the poster session, please contact the Poster Co-Chairs, Mineo 
Takai <mineo@cs.ucla.edu> and Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy <krish@cs.ucr.edu>. For 
more information about the symposium, please visit the MobiHoc 2004 Home Page at 
http://www.sigmobile.org/mobihoc/2004/, or send email to the General Chair, Jun 
Murai <jun-mobihoc2004@wide.ad.jp>, or to <mobihoc2004@isrmail.isr.umd.edu>.


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Subject: Re: SV: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
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On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 19:06, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> Erik,
> 
> No, I am very much in line with your thinking here. 
> 
good ;-)

> By simple reasoning, I drew more or less the same conclusions as you did. But I am not 100% sure, since we have not tested the differences between the "ideal" to-way-tunneling and one-way-tunneling. (In fact, we tested both, based on your AODV-UU code, thanks!, but we have not made any proper comparizons.) 
> 
> My current standing is that the "ideal" Internet access mechanism, as far as routing is concerned, is tunneling in both directions: source routing (IPv6) or encapsulation (IPv4) of outbound traffic via the gateway and encapsulation of inbound traffic from gateway to MANET node (IPv4 and IPv6). From there you start to make optimizations to save bandwidth etc., and each optimization resembles a "hack", i.e. it undermines the ideal model.
>  

Tunneling in both directions is OK, but I am not sure I would call it
"ideal". It is just one solution, and I believe one-way is enough. But
it is not such a big deal I think.

> - The first step is to go from two-way to one-way tunneling, as we have just discussed. 
> - The next is perhaps your proposal to "rewrite" destination addresses at the GW, as you seem to propose (It does not sound good, IMHO. I think we have to accespt that we might need NAT for outgoing IPv4 traffic, but I hope you do not need it for incoming traffic as well.)

I am not sure what you mean here... I did not propose to rewrite the
destination address except for the src->gateway encapsulation (depending
on what encapsulation method you choose). I agree that NAT is a good
target, but can be problematic with multiple gateways (i.e., keeping
consistent NAT states). Mobile IP is the best solution for seamless
migration between gateways I think.


> - Another alternative is to use source-address-based routing. This "hack" means that all outgoing traffic MUST have a souce IP addres under the gateways prefix. I.e. it will not work for IPv4, where you use private/IPv4-link-local address with NATs or home-address with a MIP-FA based gateway. It will also exclude every future IPv6 protocol that might need to use a source address that is not topologically correct for any gateway - i.e. this solution is also a "hack".

Yes, this solution is very much a hack... I do not think it is needed.

> - The next step is perhaps to introduce Proxy RREPs (AODV, i.e. gateway impersonates external hosts when sending RREP, see the old globalv4/MIPv4 draft) or to use default routes (e.g. OLSR). Here you might introduce routing race conditions, and also race conditions between MANET nodes that have preference for using different gateways but who are communicating with the same external host.

I agree.  This is a separate issue from the forwarding and there are
several ways to do it. However, I think a proxy RREP solution is very
attractive.

> - And so on...
> 
> What I have yet to understand (and this is why I initiated this discussion on "default routes") is the reason for default routes: i) Is it necesary ii) can it enhance routing performance of external traffic iii) or is it simply an optimization (or "hack") to save bandwidth.
> 

I think it is neither. I have played around with default routes. With
reactive protocols it is my strong belief that they give more problems
than they solve. It is clear that you can't use a generic routing entry
with a reactive protocol and multiple gateways without adding extra
state. It quickly becomes a mess...

> Due to radio/link dynamics and mobility, the routing protocols are providing a service that is inherently not robust. What is my concern is that the default routes, and the route selection mechansims necessary, are also not rebust and prone to malfunctioning due to network dynamics. Intuitively, default routes adds an additional unpredictable element, in addition to the unpredictability of the routing.
> 
> With tunneling, on the contrary, we have only one single problem: How to make the routing protocol robust.
> 

agreed.

/Erik



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To: Philippe Jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Philippe Jacquet wrote:

>----- Original Message -----
>From: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
>To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
>Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
>Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 8:30 PM
>Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>
>>Routes *will* be the min-hop, since the gateway info message contains
>>the distance in hops
>>to the gateway, so a node can always choose a neighbor with fewer hops
>>as the next hop
>>to the gateway.  But the MPR forwarding rule should be that a node
>>relays a gateway info
>>message if the *next hop* is an MPR selector.   Thus, the path to the
>>gateway will be
>>a sequence of MPR selectors.    Philippe, is this correct?
>>
>Yes you are correct, excepted the minor point that there is no guarantee
>that blind flooding or MPR flooding forward information on min-hop path =
even
>in presence of error free transmissions. The reason is that retransmissi=
ons
>on optimal path could be re-empted by retransmissions on non-optimal pat=
hs.
>However MPR flooding will be statistically done on shorter paths than bl=
ind
>flooding.
>
>In order to get shortest path for sure we would have either to allow nod=
es
>to retransmit the information several times, everytime they receive it o=
n
>shorter hop number (see our paper on superflooding), or to wait long eno=
ugth
>between retransmission in order to collect the shortest path before
>retransmission. There is also the possibility to explicitly compute the
>shortest path to the gateway but this will only work with proactive
>protocols.
>

Philippe,

You and I are not talking about exactly the same solution. What I am
proposing does not require multiple retransmissions or waiting long
enough to collect the shortest path.
The proposed gateway discovery protocol computes the min-hop
route to the gateway using distance vectors. I.e., it computes an
"upstream neighbor", which should stay the same as long as the topology
does not change. Thus, there is no need for retransmitting the info
several times or waiting long enough to collect the shortest path.
Instead, a node periodically sends its GW_INFO message if and only if
its "upstream neighbor" is an MPR selector.  This guarantees min-hop
paths.
As I noted before, for this to work, the "upstream neighbor" must be
chosen consistently, e.g., by using node ID to break a tie when there
are multiple possible upstream neighbors.

Regards,
Richard


>
>
>I agree that if gateway advertizement were included in routing protocols=
, as
>it is done in proactive protocols, the problem would be much simpler. OL=
SR
>has already an embedded mechanism called HNA. It can be easily extended =
to
>several gateways information if one uses the rule of selecting the gatew=
ay
>with the shortest path.
>
>Philippe
>
>>Richard
>>
>>>
>>>And about prefix distribution : prefix distribution is limited "by
>>>nature", i.e. a node that is a the limit of two "islands" will not
>>>forward control packets received from the island it does not belong to.
>>>
>>>Christophe
>>>
>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>>>
>>>>Maybe I am missing something (and please point it out), but will not
>>>>
>the
>
>>>>MPR flooding limit the distribution of (different) prefixes in the
>>>>network? My concern is that a node far down the (MPR) distribution pa=
th
>>>>rooted at a gateway will not be able to change gateway/prefix unless
>>>>
>its
>
>>>>upstream neighbor (closer to the gateway) also changes its prefix (of
>>>>another gateway)?
>>>>file://Erik
>>>>
>>>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 16:52, Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>>I don't see any problem with MPR flooding, when last hop is MPR
>>>>>selector
>>>>>then it will be the upstream neighbor.
>>>>>I think the algorithm could be an application of the recent MPRF
>>>>>draft with
>>>>>the option TTL=3D1.
>>>>>
>>>>>Philippe
>>>>>----- Original Message -----
>>>>>From: Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
>>>>>To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
>>>>>Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
>>>>>Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 3:13 PM
>>>>>Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>Jelger,
>>>>>
>>>>>I admit that I am not that familiar with your proposal, and probably
>>>>>should read it more carefully. However, there are some things I
>>>>>question...
>>>>>
>>>>>For example, why implement a seperate flooding mechanism when this i=
s
>>>>>already provided by the routing protocol (for example OLSR)? You
>>>>>propose
>>>>>to optionally integrate this with the routing protocol, but I do not
>>>>>see
>>>>>how that is possible with MPR-based flooding?
>>>>>
>>>>>I am not convinced that you have maximum flexibility when building
>>>>>
>your
>
>>>>>prefix islands of nodes. How can nodes part of a prefix island
>>>>>individually choose another gateway? But, I admit, I need to study
>>>>>
>your
>
>>>>>draft in more detail.
>>>>>
>>>>>With tunnels you can simply add a flag in ordinary control messages
>>>>>announcing some nodes as gateways. Nodes can then individually choos=
e
>>>>>
>a
>
>>>>>gateway and tunnel packets to it. The routing protocol takes care of
>>>>>the
>>>>>rest transparently. This also works well with reactive protocols.
>>>>>
>>>>>/Erik
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 14:51, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>Hi Erik,
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Well about handovers everything is in the draft, but I have to admi=
t
>>>>>>that it's not very clear sometimes. I hope to write a new version
>>>>>>soon.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>To summarise : we propose different algorithms used by each ad hoc
>>>>>>node
>>>>>>to choose (and switch between) a gateway. It can either use the
>>>>>>closest
>>>>>>gateway (whatever prefix it uses), or a gateway that uses the same
>>>>>>prefix than it currently uses (whatever the distance from the
>>>>>>gateway).
>>>>>>We also proposed slight variants. So first answer to your email is
>>>>>>that
>>>>>>switching between gateways is controled by each ad hoc node
>>>>>>independently.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Moreover, and because of our particular (but very simple) way of
>>>>>>prefix
>>>>>>propagation, we can guarantee that a default route is never
>>>>>>diverted (in
>>>>>>the steady-state). By steady-state, I mean that of course topologic=
al
>>>>>>changes can cause trouble during a very small amount of time. The
>>>>>>
>main
>
>>>>>>idea behind our draft is prefix continuity : we "build" contiguous
>>>>>>islands of nodes that share the same prefix/gateway. This can be of
>>>>>>high
>>>>>>interest for providers (e.g. management, services, ...).
>>>>>>
>>>>>>We have implemented our solution (IPv6) as an independent daemon
>>>>>>and it
>>>>>>works really well in the presence of multiple gateways and
>>>>>>prefixes. We
>>>>>>will soon integrate it in an IPv6 version of OLSR (Qolyester from
>>>>>>LRI in
>>>>>>France). I am also finishing some simulations in which we evaluate
>>>>>>
>our
>
>>>>>>solution : I hope I can submit the results for publication very soo=
n.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Well and before everybody says what's best and what's bad, I
>>>>>>personally
>>>>>>think it's very difficult at this stage to say so. If you have done
>>>>>>some
>>>>>>simulations of the tunnel approach you have probably seen that
>>>>>>
>results
>
>>>>>>can greatly vary across different simulation scenarios. I think all
>>>>>>solutions have pros and cons, and we should be able to find the bes=
t
>>>>>>parts of all solutions.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Regards,
>>>>>>Christophe
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Hi,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>I don't see how you can efficiently handle multiple gateways when
>>>>>>>using
>>>>>>>default routes? Especially with reactive protocols that do not hav=
e
>>>>>>>
>a
>
>>>>>>>complete view of the network. Even if you maintain the gateway
>>>>>>>mapping,
>>>>>>>how will you deal with hand-overs between gateways? You say  that
>>>>>>>
>the
>
>>>>>>>solution is to force nodes to use the "same" default route, but I
>>>>>>>do not
>>>>>>>think that is a good idea. Individual nodes may know best when to
>>>>>>>switch
>>>>>>>gateways, and they should be allowed to do so if they wish. How
>>>>>>>can you
>>>>>>>guarantee that a default route is not diverted to another gateway
>>>>>>>at an
>>>>>>>intermediate node if a packet carries no mapping between the (fina=
l)
>>>>>>>destination and the gateway? How do you handle control packets (fr=
om
>>>>>>>different gateways) that want to change the default route -->
>>>>>>>
>gateway
>
>>>>>>>mapping?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>My experience with AODV-UU is that gateway tunneling has many
>>>>>>>properties
>>>>>>>that are prefered in an ad hoc network. Tunnels easily support
>>>>>>>multiple
>>>>>>>gateways and are transparent for intermediate nodes that forwards
>>>>>>>
>the
>
>>>>>>>traffic to the gateway. I have a paper pending that clearly shows
>>>>>>>
>the
>
>>>>>>>advantages of tunnels in this context.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Before proceeding with a merged draft on Internet connectivity, I
>>>>>>>think
>>>>>>>that the proposal should be backed up with serious research showin=
g
>>>>>>>problems or benefits of different strategies. I have implemented
>>>>>>>gateway
>>>>>>>connectivity in AODV-UU, and my experience clearly points in the
>>>>>>>direction of tunnels.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Regards,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>Erik Nordstr=C3=B6m
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>On Wed, 2004-03-03 at 12:46, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Actually each node knows what gateway it uses because there is a
>>>>>>>>special
>>>>>>>>field in the packet used to disseminate the prefix information.
>>>>>>>>
>This
>
>>>>>>>>field contains the IPv6 global address of the gateway (and
>>>>>>>>another field
>>>>>>>>gives the prefix length). Moreover, we "almost" don't need a
>>>>>>>>
>routing
>
>>>>>>>>protocol (of course don't take this statement too strictly), in t=
he
>>>>>>>>sense that, when a node wants to send data to some node in the
>>>>>>>>Internet,
>>>>>>>>it only uses a default route with next hop being one of its
>>>>>>>>neighbors.
>>>>>>>>The ad hoc node does not even need to have a /128 route to the
>>>>>>>>gateway.
>>>>>>>>Of course on the reverse path this is not the same (i.e. the
>>>>>>>>
>gateway
>
>>>>>>>>must have a /128 route to the ad hoc node).
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Christophe
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Anders Nilsson wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Hello again,
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default
>>>>>>>>>>route
>>>>>>>>>>I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and
>>>>>>>>>>(in the
>>>>>>>>>>steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route"
>>>>>>>>>>path use
>>>>>>>>>>the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce
>>>>>>>>>>routes,
>>>>>>>>>>they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same
>>>>>>>>>>prefix, an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be
>>>>>>>>>>specified that it should from there use the same gateway). The
>>>>>>>>>>propagation method used to propagate the prefix information
>>>>>>>>>>ensures
>>>>>>>>>>that the path to the gateway is made of nodes that also use the
>>>>>>>>>>same
>>>>>>>>>>gateway : there is no need of a routing header, and default
>>>>>>>>>>
>routes
>
>>>>>>>>>>can be used safely.
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control wha=
t
>>>>>>>>>gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is
>>>>>>>>>when
>>>>>>>>>the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then
>>>>>>>>>unable to
>>>>>>>>>know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node
>>>>>>>>>need
>>>>>>>>>to know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers"
>>>>>>>>>itself. This reason why this needed is because packets from the
>>>>>>>>>Internet needs to be routed to the correct gateway, which is
>>>>>>>>>difficult
>>>>>>>>>when mobile nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP
>>>>>>>>>type of
>>>>>>>>>solution is used, the routing entries in the access network are
>>>>>>>>>updated by the actual packets flowing through the gateways. But
>>>>>>>>>there
>>>>>>>>>is problems here as well, because oscillations easily occurs tha=
t
>>>>>>>>>causes a lot of updates, especially when the mobile nodes are
>>>>>>>>>mobile.
>>>>>>>>>I have simulated this, and it is harder to maintain than you mig=
ht
>>>>>>>>>think. If you rely on proactive gateway discovery, the default
>>>>>>>>>routing
>>>>>>>>>entries have to be maintained during link breaks and mobility,
>>>>>>>>>along
>>>>>>>>>with sequence number maintainence. I have a paper about this, in=
 a
>>>>>>>>>slightly different context, but during mobility and several hops
>>>>>>>>>
>to
>
>>>>>>>>>the gateway, more complex control is needed.
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>regards,
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Anders
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>>>
>>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>
>>
>>
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>



_______________________________________________
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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: <guillaume.chelius@insa-lyon.fr>
Cc: "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Why GW discovery should not be separated from reactive routing protocols?
Date: Fri, 5 Mar 2004 11:40:39 +0900
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Hello, Guilaume.

On-demand solicitation/advertisement should be performed periodically to
extend address lifetime and update bidirectional reachability whether
packets to be forwarded toward Internet exist or not. IMHO, reactive
routing protocol is reactive because it perform route discovery only
when valid route entry needed for forwarding does not exist. In this
sense, I think that separate protocols can be more adequate for reactive
routing protocols since routing protocols can still behave for its
original purpose. If I am wrong, please enlighten me. 

Regards,

HyunWook    

-----Original Message-----
From: Guillaume Chelius [mailto:guillaume.chelius@insa-lyon.fr] 
Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 7:40 PM
To: jafy@etri.re.kr
Cc: 'manet'
Subject: Re: [manet] Why GW discovery should not be separated from
reactive routing protocols?



Hello,

> Could you tell me why GW discovery should not be separated from 
> reactive routing protocols? IMO, periodic gw solication/advertisement 
> seems to be proactive.

A periodic solicitation/advertisement scheme is indeed proactive. As for

a periodic unsolicited advertisement one. But on-demand 
solicitation/advertisement (route-request to the gateway) is reactive. 
This clearly shows that for reactive protocols, the gateway/prefix 
advertizement may be either integrated to the routing protocol (for 
reactive) or may be performed by a separate protocol if a proactive 
scheme is preferred.

For a proactive protocol, the question does not hold as proactive 
advertizement can be performed at almost 0 cost.


Regards,
Guillaume.


_______________________________________________
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From: Justin Lipman <justin@titr.uow.edu.au>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Why GW discovery should not be separated from reactive routing protocols?
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Hi HyunWook,

I agree. I think from the reactive approach, there is plenty of existing 
approaches sensor network and information collection literature which can be 
used to build reactive approaches to determining the existence of gateways, 
determining the best gateways to be used and necessary paths...

Kind regards,
Justin

-- 
Research Associate
Smart Internet Technology Cooperative Research Centre
http://www.titr.uow.edu.au/~justin



On Fri, 5 Mar 2004 01:40 pm, HyunWook Cha wrote:
> Hello, Guilaume.
>
> On-demand solicitation/advertisement should be performed periodically to
> extend address lifetime and update bidirectional reachability whether
> packets to be forwarded toward Internet exist or not. IMHO, reactive
> routing protocol is reactive because it perform route discovery only
> when valid route entry needed for forwarding does not exist. In this
> sense, I think that separate protocols can be more adequate for reactive
> routing protocols since routing protocols can still behave for its
> original purpose. If I am wrong, please enlighten me.
>
> Regards,
>
> HyunWook
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Guillaume Chelius [mailto:guillaume.chelius@insa-lyon.fr]
> Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 7:40 PM
> To: jafy@etri.re.kr
> Cc: 'manet'
> Subject: Re: [manet] Why GW discovery should not be separated from
> reactive routing protocols?
>
>
>
> Hello,
>
> > Could you tell me why GW discovery should not be separated from
> > reactive routing protocols? IMO, periodic gw solication/advertisement
> > seems to be proactive.
>
> A periodic solicitation/advertisement scheme is indeed proactive. As for
>
> a periodic unsolicited advertisement one. But on-demand
> solicitation/advertisement (route-request to the gateway) is reactive.
> This clearly shows that for reactive protocols, the gateway/prefix
> advertizement may be either integrated to the routing protocol (for
> reactive) or may be performed by a separate protocol if a proactive
> scheme is preferred.
>
> For a proactive protocol, the question does not hold as proactive
> advertizement can be performed at almost 0 cost.
>
>
> Regards,
> Guillaume.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet




_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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Date: Fri, 5 Mar 2004 12:23:49 +0900
From: Alex Zinin <zinin@psg.com>
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Subject: [manet] On MANET extensions to OSPF
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Folks-

 I'd like to inform the OSPF and MANET WGs that ADs and WG chairs are discussing
 organization of the work on MANET extensions to OSPF and will be consulting WG
 participants in the following few weeks. We intend to get back to the community
 with further directions on this topic. Please feel free to send us any feedback
 you believe would be important.

 Thank you.
 
-- 
Alex Zinin
IETF RTG Area co-Director


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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Erik Nordstr?'" <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>, <Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com>
Cc: "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: SV: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
Date: Fri, 5 Mar 2004 15:27:14 +0900
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Hello,

Please find my inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Erik Nordstr?
> Sent: Friday, March 05, 2004 4:30 AM
> To: Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
> Cc: 'manet'
> Subject: Re: SV: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
> 
> 
> 
> On Thu, 2004-03-04 at 19:06, Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> > Erik,
> > 
> > No, I am very much in line with your thinking here.
> > 
> good ;-)
> 
> > By simple reasoning, I drew more or less the same 
> conclusions as you 
> > did. But I am not 100% sure, since we have not tested the 
> differences between the "ideal" to-way-tunneling and 
> one-way-tunneling. (In fact, we tested both, based on your 
> AODV-UU code, thanks!, but we have not made any proper comparizons.)
> > 
> > My current standing is that the "ideal" Internet access 
> mechanism, as 
> > far as routing is concerned, is tunneling in both 
> directions: source routing (IPv6) or encapsulation (IPv4) of 
> outbound traffic via the gateway and encapsulation of inbound 
> traffic from gateway to MANET node (IPv4 and IPv6). From 
> there you start to make optimizations to save bandwidth etc., 
> and each optimization resembles a "hack", i.e. it undermines 
> the ideal model.
> >  

What is ideal and what is hack?  It depends on your thought? 

> 
> Tunneling in both directions is OK, but I am not sure I would 
> call it "ideal". It is just one solution, and I believe 
> one-way is enough. But it is not such a big deal I think.
> 

IMO, to enforce all inbound traffics to be encapsulated is hack !!!
What makes you think that route entries for global addresses assigned to
MANET nodes should not be maintained inside the MANET? I do not see any
reason. If gateway obtains valid route entry for a destination node's
global address, it can forward packets as they are. Unnecessary
encapsulation is useless, wastful and it can cause packets to be dropped
when size of encapulated packets are greater thatn MTU in case of IPv6.
I believe that encapsulation should be used only when valid route entry
for global address does not exsit and valid route entry for MANET local
address is available and it is guaranteed that two addreeses point the
same node.

> > - The first step is to go from two-way to one-way tunneling, as we 
> > have just discussed.
> > - The next is perhaps your proposal to "rewrite" 
> destination addresses at the GW, as you seem to propose (It 
> does not sound good, IMHO. I think we have to accespt that we 
> might need NAT for outgoing IPv4 traffic, but I hope you do 
> not need it for incoming traffic as well.)
> 

If you want to use NAT for only outbound traffic(but not for inbound
traffic) and encapsulation for inbound traffic, communication is not
possilbe. The reason is that a node does not know its external address
which is used as destination address in inbound traffic and even if it
knows, existing upper layer (TCP/UDP) can not recognize that inbound
traffics belong to the session bound to internal address.   

> I am not sure what you mean here... I did not propose to 
> rewrite the destination address except for the src->gateway 
> encapsulation (depending on what encapsulation method you 
> choose). I agree that NAT is a good target, but can be 
> problematic with multiple gateways (i.e., keeping consistent 
> NAT states). Mobile IP is the best solution for seamless 
> migration between gateways I think.
> 

Right. Could you handle gateway handover using NATs?    

> > - Another alternative is to use source-address-based routing. This 
> > "hack" means that all outgoing traffic MUST have a souce IP addres 
> > under the gateways prefix. I.e. it will not work for IPv4, where you

> > use private/IPv4-link-local address with NATs or home-address with a

> > MIP-FA based gateway. It will also exclude every future IPv6
protocol 
> > that might need to use a source address that is not topologically 
> > correct for any gateway - i.e. this solution is also a "hack".
> 
> Yes, this solution is very much a hack... I do not think it is needed.
> 

Soure address based forwarding assumes that source address is globally
routable and configured dinamically from a gateway. Just forget
private/ipv4 link local with NATs!!! Corporation with MIPv4 has never
been considered by me. In this case, sender node has no choice but
encapsulation from it to FA gateway because it knows that source address
based default routing is not available because of absence of gateway
advertisement from HA gateway. 

As you know, all global addresses configured statefully/statelssly from
routers are alway topological correct. I think that we have same goal.
Packets should be forwarded to right exit gateway according to source
address. Right?

> > - The next step is perhaps to introduce Proxy RREPs (AODV, i.e. 
> > gateway impersonates external hosts when sending RREP, see the old 
> > globalv4/MIPv4 draft) or to use default routes (e.g. OLSR). Here you

> > might introduce routing race conditions, and also race conditions 
> > between MANET nodes that have preference for using 
> different gateways but who are communicating with the same external
host.
> 
> I agree.  This is a separate issue from the forwarding and 
> there are several ways to do it. However, I think a proxy 
> RREP solution is very attractive.
> 

Whe source address based forwarding is used, MANET nodes that have
preference for using different gateways but who are communicating with
the same external host can do what they want. Actually intermediate
nodes does not have to maintain default route entry(/0) but gateway
information list as well as route entry(/128) for gateways. 

I am not familiar with globalv4/MIPv4 draft. However I want to know that
proxy RREPs works well under multiple gateways or not, and how to
configure global addresses. 

> > - And so on...
> > 
> > What I have yet to understand (and this is why I initiated this 
> > discussion on "default routes") is the reason for default 
> routes: i) 
> > Is it necesary ii) can it enhance routing performance of external 
> > traffic iii) or is it simply an optimization (or "hack") to save 
> > bandwidth.
> > 
> 
> I think it is neither. I have played around with default 
> routes. With reactive protocols it is my strong belief that 
> they give more problems than they solve. It is clear that you 
> can't use a generic routing entry with a reactive protocol 
> and multiple gateways without adding extra state. It quickly 
> becomes a mess...
> 

This depends on implementation of default route forwarding. I can not
understand why you are considering default route forwarding using prefix
continuity or source address based forwading. Please give careful
comments on two drafts.(Do not say "hack" before you can prove that
clearly.)   

HyunWook Cha


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To: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Richard,

I think we all agree that gateway discovery and prefix announcement can 
be integrated into a proactive routing protocol. Again I'd like to 
re-state that we clearly say that in the draft ... ;-) At least that 
seems to be a first consensus.

I also just want to re-state that we first decided to propose the idea 
without integrating the concept in any routing protocol ... this is (in 
its current state) why we can have different routes between our 
standalone process and the routing protocol. Of course the final 
objective when we integrate it in OLSR is to "merge" everything (e.g. 
unique neighbors table and neighbor discovery mechanisms).

Finally, I know that there has already been a lot of discussions on 
"should we have something like prefix continuity, or can we just mix 
nodes and don't bother about that ?". I'm not sure that's something we 
should decide, because it will mainly be a matter of deployment. If an 
operator (at a large sense) wants to deploy an ad hoc network, it should 
be able to choose whether it wants prefix continuity or not (as it can 
choose between different types of routing protocol). I think our task is 
to propose solutions, and people just decide (or not) to use them. Of 
course I like prefix continuity, but not just because we (sort of) 
proposed that. I really think it's something people will like in their 
deployment, it can be really useful in a number of situations 
(management, accounting, load balancing).

Regards,
Christophe

Richard Ogier wrote:

> Christophe Jelger wrote:
>
>> Guillaume,
>>
>> Just on point, see inline my comment. In general I agree that gateway 
>> discovery should not be separated, as stated in the draft. We first 
>> implemented it as a stand-alone process to check the operation. As 
>> you know, we plan to integrate it into OLSR. (see below for a last 
>> comment)
>
>
> <SNIP>
>
>>
>> With prefix continuity, routes are optimal if we use the "distance" 
>> algorithm : always choose closest gateway. In that case the route is 
>> a shortest route, but it can be different than the shortest route 
>> computed by the routing protocol. On the other hand, if we use the 
>> algorithm "prefix stability", then the route might not be optimal 
>> (I'm currently simulating this and it appears that routes are not 
>> much longer on average).
>>
> So, the gateway discovery protocol (which uses distance vectors)
> computes a route to some gateway, and the link-state routing protocol
> (e.g., OLSR or TBRPF or OSPF) computes a route to each gateway, which
> may be different from the one computed by the gateway discovery protocol.
> Also, it is possible that the link-state protocol reacts to topology
> changes faster or slower than the gateway protocol.
> Wouldn't it be nice if the two protocols could *agree* on the route to
> each gateway?  I would prefer to remove this redundancy, and just have
> one routing protocol that computes the routes to all nodes, including
> routes to gateways and default routes.
> Several people (including Joe Macker, Chelius Guillaume, Pedro Ruiz,
> Eric Fleury) have agreed that it would be better to avoid redundancy
> between the proactive routing protocol and gateway discovery.
> Can we agree that we have consensus on this
> Now, you may say that the proactive routing protocol still needs some
> mechanism to achieve prefix continuity.  IF we decide we need
> to ensure prefix continuity (and I have doubts about this),
> then the link-state routing protocol can be modified to achieve this,
> using link-state routing (instead of distance vectors).
>
> Regards,
> Richard
>
>>
>



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Subject: [manet] Routing algorithm in OPNET 8.1
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Hi 

I'm a student in the university of Lille, France
I'm working on a MAC protocol for my degree and I'm searching for a
routing algotithm for wireless networks 802.11 to make simulations.

Does anyone know if a AODV or OLSR model for OPNET 8.1 exists and
where can I find it ?

Thank you for your help.

Regards

Nicolas LOUIS

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On Fri, 2004-03-05 at 07:27, HyunWook Cha wrote:

> > > My current standing is that the "ideal" Internet access 
> > mechanism, as 
> > > far as routing is concerned, is tunneling in both 
> > directions: source routing (IPv6) or encapsulation (IPv4) of 
> > outbound traffic via the gateway and encapsulation of inbound 
> > traffic from gateway to MANET node (IPv4 and IPv6). From 
> > there you start to make optimizations to save bandwidth etc., 
> > and each optimization resembles a "hack", i.e. it undermines 
> > the ideal model.
> > >  
> 
> What is ideal and what is hack?  It depends on your thought? 
> 
> > 
> > Tunneling in both directions is OK, but I am not sure I would 
> > call it "ideal". It is just one solution, and I believe 
> > one-way is enough. But it is not such a big deal I think.
> > 
> 
> IMO, to enforce all inbound traffics to be encapsulated is hack !!!

Why would this be a hack? Tunneling is an established mechanism. Do you
have a good argument for this?

> What makes you think that route entries for global addresses assigned to
> MANET nodes should not be maintained inside the MANET? I do not see any
> reason. If gateway obtains valid route entry for a destination node's

Tunneling does not totally exclude global (non-adhoc) addresses in the
MANET. Routing entries for global addresses still have to be maintained
at end nodes. It just simplifies the routing, and you achieves route
aggregation since you can share a tunnel among many addresses. In the
AODV case, there is also no need to maintain sequence numbers for routes
to global destinations since it maps to the gateway route. This would
not be the case if you "import" global addresses/routes into the ad hoc
network.

> global address, it can forward packets as they are. Unnecessary
> encapsulation is useless, wastful and it can cause packets to be dropped
> when size of encapulated packets are greater thatn MTU in case of IPv6.
> I believe that encapsulation should be used only when valid route entry
> for global address does not exsit and valid route entry for MANET local
> address is available and it is guaranteed that two addreeses point the
> same node.


> > > - The first step is to go from two-way to one-way tunneling, as we 
> > > have just discussed.
> > > - The next is perhaps your proposal to "rewrite" 
> > destination addresses at the GW, as you seem to propose (It 
> > does not sound good, IMHO. I think we have to accespt that we 
> > might need NAT for outgoing IPv4 traffic, but I hope you do 
> > not need it for incoming traffic as well.)
> > 
> > I am not sure what you mean here... I did not propose to 
> > rewrite the destination address except for the src->gateway 
> > encapsulation (depending on what encapsulation method you 
> > choose). I agree that NAT is a good target, but can be 
> > problematic with multiple gateways (i.e., keeping consistent 
> > NAT states). Mobile IP is the best solution for seamless 
> > migration between gateways I think.
> > 
> 
> Right. Could you handle gateway handover using NATs?    
> 

I guess, if you tunneled traffic from your "old" gateway to the new one.
Of course, there would have to be some extra signaling between the
gateways.


> 
> > > - The next step is perhaps to introduce Proxy RREPs (AODV, i.e. 
> > > gateway impersonates external hosts when sending RREP, see the old 
> > > globalv4/MIPv4 draft) or to use default routes (e.g. OLSR). Here you
> 
> > > might introduce routing race conditions, and also race conditions 
> > > between MANET nodes that have preference for using 
> > different gateways but who are communicating with the same external
> host.
> > 
> > I agree.  This is a separate issue from the forwarding and 
> > there are several ways to do it. However, I think a proxy 
> > RREP solution is very attractive.
> > 
> 
> Whe source address based forwarding is used, MANET nodes that have
> preference for using different gateways but who are communicating with
> the same external host can do what they want. Actually intermediate
> nodes does not have to maintain default route entry(/0) but gateway
> information list as well as route entry(/128) for gateways. 
> 
> I am not familiar with globalv4/MIPv4 draft. However I want to know that
> proxy RREPs works well under multiple gateways or not, and how to
> configure global addresses. 
> 

Proxy RREPs works with multiple gateways. A source node gets multiple
replies and can chose the best route (i.e., based on hop count or
something else).

As for the global address, why would you need to configure one? In the
NAT case you can use your home address or a link local. With MIP you
would use your home address in the ad hoc network and the gateway/FA
would just rewrite the packet with the care-of-address. No address
configuration is necessary as long as you have a unique home address.
For those that don't have a valid home address, you can just configure a
link local address.


> > 
> > I think it is neither. I have played around with default 
> > routes. With reactive protocols it is my strong belief that 
> > they give more problems than they solve. It is clear that you 
> > can't use a generic routing entry with a reactive protocol 
> > and multiple gateways without adding extra state. It quickly 
> > becomes a mess...
> > 
> 
> This depends on implementation of default route forwarding. I can not
> understand why you are considering default route forwarding using prefix
> continuity or source address based forwading. Please give careful
> comments on two drafts.(Do not say "hack" before you can prove that
> clearly.)   
> 

Prefix continuity is fine but clearly has limitations, since (all) nodes
can't chose gateways by themselves. I am not sure what you mean with
source address based forwarding. Do you select your default route based
on source address? In that case you need to maintain a lot of extra
state and you have no route aggregation which is mainly what default
routes are for. Correct me if I am wrong.

/Erik


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Subject: Re: SV: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
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Erik,

Just a few comments: see below in the text ...

CHristophe

Erik Nordstr=F6m wrote:

>On Fri, 2004-03-05 at 07:27, HyunWook Cha wrote:
>
> =20
>
>>>>My current standing is that the "ideal" Internet access=20
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>mechanism, as=20
>>>     =20
>>>
>>>>far as routing is concerned, is tunneling in both=20
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>directions: source routing (IPv6) or encapsulation (IPv4) of=20
>>>outbound traffic via the gateway and encapsulation of inbound=20
>>>traffic from gateway to MANET node (IPv4 and IPv6). From=20
>>>there you start to make optimizations to save bandwidth etc.,=20
>>>and each optimization resembles a "hack", i.e. it undermines=20
>>>the ideal model.
>>>     =20
>>>
>>>>=20
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>What is ideal and what is hack?  It depends on your thought?=20
>>
>>   =20
>>
>>>Tunneling in both directions is OK, but I am not sure I would=20
>>>call it "ideal". It is just one solution, and I believe=20
>>>one-way is enough. But it is not such a big deal I think.
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>IMO, to enforce all inbound traffics to be encapsulated is hack !!!
>>   =20
>>
>
>Why would this be a hack? Tunneling is an established mechanism. Do you
>have a good argument for this?
>
> =20
>
>>What makes you think that route entries for global addresses assigned t=
o
>>MANET nodes should not be maintained inside the MANET? I do not see any
>>reason. If gateway obtains valid route entry for a destination node's
>>   =20
>>
>
>Tunneling does not totally exclude global (non-adhoc) addresses in the
>MANET. Routing entries for global addresses still have to be maintained
>at end nodes. It just simplifies the routing, and you achieves route
>aggregation since you can share a tunnel among many addresses. In the
>AODV case, there is also no need to maintain sequence numbers for routes
>to global destinations since it maps to the gateway route. This would
>not be the case if you "import" global addresses/routes into the ad hoc
>network.
>
> =20
>
Route aggregation ? Well usually route aggregation is for the routing=20
table ... and if you don't use a default route it means you will still=20
have a routing entry for each destination. The "next hop" entry will be=20
the same tunnel, but still you have one entry per destination. This=20
doesn't really look like route aggregation ... but maybe did you mean=20
something else ?

>>global address, it can forward packets as they are. Unnecessary
>>encapsulation is useless, wastful and it can cause packets to be droppe=
d
>>when size of encapulated packets are greater thatn MTU in case of IPv6.
>>I believe that encapsulation should be used only when valid route entry
>>for global address does not exsit and valid route entry for MANET local
>>address is available and it is guaranteed that two addreeses point the
>>same node.
>>   =20
>>
>
>
> =20
>
>>>>- The first step is to go from two-way to one-way tunneling, as we=20
>>>>have just discussed.
>>>>- The next is perhaps your proposal to "rewrite"=20
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>destination addresses at the GW, as you seem to propose (It=20
>>>does not sound good, IMHO. I think we have to accespt that we=20
>>>might need NAT for outgoing IPv4 traffic, but I hope you do=20
>>>not need it for incoming traffic as well.)
>>>
>>>I am not sure what you mean here... I did not propose to=20
>>>rewrite the destination address except for the src->gateway=20
>>>encapsulation (depending on what encapsulation method you=20
>>>choose). I agree that NAT is a good target, but can be=20
>>>problematic with multiple gateways (i.e., keeping consistent=20
>>>NAT states). Mobile IP is the best solution for seamless=20
>>>migration between gateways I think.
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>Right. Could you handle gateway handover using NATs?   =20
>>
>>   =20
>>
>
>I guess, if you tunneled traffic from your "old" gateway to the new one.
>Of course, there would have to be some extra signaling between the
>gateways.
>
>
> =20
>
>>>>- The next step is perhaps to introduce Proxy RREPs (AODV, i.e.=20
>>>>gateway impersonates external hosts when sending RREP, see the old=20
>>>>globalv4/MIPv4 draft) or to use default routes (e.g. OLSR). Here you
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>>might introduce routing race conditions, and also race conditions=20
>>>>between MANET nodes that have preference for using=20
>>>>       =20
>>>>
>>>different gateways but who are communicating with the same external
>>>     =20
>>>
>>host.
>>   =20
>>
>>>I agree.  This is a separate issue from the forwarding and=20
>>>there are several ways to do it. However, I think a proxy=20
>>>RREP solution is very attractive.
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>Whe source address based forwarding is used, MANET nodes that have
>>preference for using different gateways but who are communicating with
>>the same external host can do what they want. Actually intermediate
>>nodes does not have to maintain default route entry(/0) but gateway
>>information list as well as route entry(/128) for gateways.=20
>>
>>I am not familiar with globalv4/MIPv4 draft. However I want to know tha=
t
>>proxy RREPs works well under multiple gateways or not, and how to
>>configure global addresses.=20
>>
>>   =20
>>
>
>Proxy RREPs works with multiple gateways. A source node gets multiple
>replies and can chose the best route (i.e., based on hop count or
>something else).
>
>As for the global address, why would you need to configure one? In the
>NAT case you can use your home address or a link local. With MIP you
>would use your home address in the ad hoc network and the gateway/FA
>would just rewrite the packet with the care-of-address. No address
>configuration is necessary as long as you have a unique home address.
>For those that don't have a valid home address, you can just configure a
>link local address.
>
> =20
>
With IPv6 each MANET node will need a global address, unless you allow=20
to route and forward link local addresses (fe80::/64). That's why there=20
was once a proposal to use a site-local MANET prefix ... there is also a=20
proposal from Guillaume Chelius and Eric Fleury (ANA6) that tries to=20
solve this issue (routing without a global address). In general when you=20
want Internet connectivity you'll need a global address.

> =20
>
>>>I think it is neither. I have played around with default=20
>>>routes. With reactive protocols it is my strong belief that=20
>>>they give more problems than they solve. It is clear that you=20
>>>can't use a generic routing entry with a reactive protocol=20
>>>and multiple gateways without adding extra state. It quickly=20
>>>becomes a mess...
>>>
>>>     =20
>>>
>>This depends on implementation of default route forwarding. I can not
>>understand why you are considering default route forwarding using prefi=
x
>>continuity or source address based forwading. Please give careful
>>comments on two drafts.(Do not say "hack" before you can prove that
>>clearly.)  =20
>>
>>   =20
>>
>
>Prefix continuity is fine but clearly has limitations, since (all) nodes
>can't chose gateways by themselves. I am not sure what you mean with
>source address based forwarding. Do you select your default route based
>on source address? In that case you need to maintain a lot of extra
>state and you have no route aggregation which is mainly what default
>routes are for. Correct me if I am wrong.
> =20
>
I won't call that a limitation ... the objective is to maintain prefix=20
continuity, not to allows nodes to choose whatever prefix they want. In=20
the later case it's best to use a solution that uses tunnels (or routing=20
header with IPv6). Would you call IPv6 stateless autoconf "a limitation"=20
because it gives the same prefix to all nodes of a subnet ? To me it's=20
just doing fine what it has been designed for ... ;-)

>/Erik
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> =20
>



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Subject: Re: SV: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
Cc: "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>
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On Fri, 2004-03-05 at 13:03, Christophe Jelger wrote:


> >>
> >
> >Prefix continuity is fine but clearly has limitations, since (all) nodes
> >can't chose gateways by themselves. I am not sure what you mean with
> >source address based forwarding. Do you select your default route based
> >on source address? In that case you need to maintain a lot of extra
> >state and you have no route aggregation which is mainly what default
> >routes are for. Correct me if I am wrong.
> >  
> >
> I won't call that a limitation ... the objective is to maintain prefix 
> continuity, not to allows nodes to choose whatever prefix they want. In 
> the later case it's best to use a solution that uses tunnels (or routing 
> header with IPv6). Would you call IPv6 stateless autoconf "a limitation" 
> because it gives the same prefix to all nodes of a subnet ? To me it's 
> just doing fine what it has been designed for ... ;-)
> 

Ok, limited applicability? I agree that if prefix continuity is fine if
that's what you want.

And yes, stateless autoconf can be a limitation since it does not allow
you to easily switch between gateways (and maintain your connections).
MIP would be better for that (or a combination). But it does not mean it
is not useful for what it was design for. Which I do not believe were ad
hoc networks and multiple gateway scenarios. Rather as an alternative to
DHCP? 


/Erik


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From: "John Mullen" <jomullen@nmsu.edu>
To: "'NICOLAS LOUIS'" <Nicolas.Louis@ed.univ-lille1.fr>, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Routing algorithm in OPNET 8.1
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Hi Nicolas,

There are some AODV models at:

http://www.mil3.com/support/home1.html

You need to be a registered user to log in, but you don't need a
maintenance agreement.

I didn't find any OLSR models there.

John Mullen

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
NICOLAS LOUIS
Sent: Friday, March 05, 2004 3:29 AM
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] Routing algorithm in OPNET 8.1


Hi 

I'm a student in the university of Lille, France
I'm working on a MAC protocol for my degree and I'm searching for a
routing algotithm for wireless networks 802.11 to make simulations.

Does anyone know if a AODV or OLSR model for OPNET 8.1 exists and where
can I find it ?

Thank you for your help.

Regards

Nicolas LOUIS

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From: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
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To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Christophe Jelger wrote:

> Richard,
>
> I think we all agree that gateway discovery and prefix announcement 
> can be integrated into a proactive routing protocol. Again I'd like to 
> re-state that we clearly say that in the draft ... ;-) At least that 
> seems to be a first consensus.
>
> I also just want to re-state that we first decided to propose the idea 
> without integrating the concept in any routing protocol ... this is 
> (in its current state) why we can have different routes between our 
> standalone process and the routing protocol. Of course the final 
> objective when we integrate it in OLSR is to "merge" everything (e.g. 
> unique neighbors table and neighbor discovery mechanisms). 


My point is that your draft proposes a specific mechanism based on
distance-vector routing to determine the route to a gateway. OLSR uses
a different mechanism based on link-state routing to determine the
route to every node.  You have not said how you plan to "merge"
everything, but even if you do, it is still redundant to have these two
different mechanisms.  If you want prefix continuity, this can be
done using link-state routing, by having each node advertise its
prefix, and having each node compute a source tree for each prefix.
If you are claiming that it is better to use distance vector routing
to achieve prefix continuity, that is possible, but it *might* also
be better to use distance-vector routing (instead of link-state routing)
for proactive routing.  But the WG has decided to use link-state
routing for proactive routing, so for consistency it would be good to
use link-state routing for gateway discovery and prefix continuity,
if possible.

However, a valid reason for using distance-vector routing is to have
a common mechanism that can be used for both proactive and reactive
routing. This is because OLSR-style link-state routing is not
useful for computing routes to only a *few* nodes (e.g., gateways),
but distance-vector routing is ideal for this. (Which is why
it is also used for landmark routing.) As a side note, source-tree
based routing algorithms (such as TBRPF) are also useful for computing
routes to only a few nodes, since each node only needs to advertise
links on its shortest path to each such node.
BUT, it is not necessary to use the same mechanism for both proactive
and reactive routing (and such a mechanism would be redundant for
proactive routing).

>
>
> Finally, I know that there has already been a lot of discussions on 
> "should we have something like prefix continuity, or can we just mix 
> nodes and don't bother about that ?". I'm not sure that's something we 
> should decide, because it will mainly be a matter of deployment. If an 
> operator (at a large sense) wants to deploy an ad hoc network, it 
> should be able to choose whether it wants prefix continuity or not (as 
> it can choose between different types of routing protocol). I think 
> our task is to propose solutions, and people just decide (or not) to 
> use them. Of course I like prefix continuity, but not just because we 
> (sort of) proposed that. I really think it's something people will 
> like in their deployment, it can be really useful in a number of 
> situations (management, accounting, load balancing).


It seems to me that prefix continuity makes load balancing more
difficult. (In any case, load balancing does not require prefix
continuity.) Correct me if I am wrong, but my understanding is that
only nodes on the boundary between two prefix islands can choose
between two gateways with different prefixes.  Nodes in the interior
of a prefix island know only about the gateway(s) with the same
prefix, and thus cannot use another gateway for load balancing.
Is that correct?

Regards,
Richard

>
>
> Regards,
> Christophe
>
> Richard Ogier wrote:
>
>> Christophe Jelger wrote:
>>
>>> Guillaume,
>>>
>>> Just on point, see inline my comment. In general I agree that 
>>> gateway discovery should not be separated, as stated in the draft. 
>>> We first implemented it as a stand-alone process to check the 
>>> operation. As you know, we plan to integrate it into OLSR. (see 
>>> below for a last comment)
>>
>>
>>
>> <SNIP>
>>
>>>
>>> With prefix continuity, routes are optimal if we use the "distance" 
>>> algorithm : always choose closest gateway. In that case the route is 
>>> a shortest route, but it can be different than the shortest route 
>>> computed by the routing protocol. On the other hand, if we use the 
>>> algorithm "prefix stability", then the route might not be optimal 
>>> (I'm currently simulating this and it appears that routes are not 
>>> much longer on average).
>>>
>> So, the gateway discovery protocol (which uses distance vectors)
>> computes a route to some gateway, and the link-state routing protocol
>> (e.g., OLSR or TBRPF or OSPF) computes a route to each gateway, which
>> may be different from the one computed by the gateway discovery 
>> protocol.
>> Also, it is possible that the link-state protocol reacts to topology
>> changes faster or slower than the gateway protocol.
>> Wouldn't it be nice if the two protocols could *agree* on the route to
>> each gateway?  I would prefer to remove this redundancy, and just have
>> one routing protocol that computes the routes to all nodes, including
>> routes to gateways and default routes.
>> Several people (including Joe Macker, Chelius Guillaume, Pedro Ruiz,
>> Eric Fleury) have agreed that it would be better to avoid redundancy
>> between the proactive routing protocol and gateway discovery.
>> Can we agree that we have consensus on this
>> Now, you may say that the proactive routing protocol still needs some
>> mechanism to achieve prefix continuity.  IF we decide we need
>> to ensure prefix continuity (and I have doubts about this),
>> then the link-state routing protocol can be modified to achieve this,
>> using link-state routing (instead of distance vectors).
>>
>> Regards,
>> Richard
>>
>>>
>>
>
>
>



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Subject: [manet] CFP:  Broadband wireless networking symposium
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=20
CALL FOR PAPERS

BroadNets 2004
Broadband Wireless Networking Symposium

October 25-29, 2004, San Jose, California, USA
http://www.broadnets.org

BroadNets 2004 is a new conference focusing on broadband networking and
covers the entire gamut of next generation networks with ultra-high
bandwidth available all the way from access networks, to regional and
metropolitan networks, to wide-area core networks.  Broadband Wireless
Networking that is defined to cover   high-speed wireless networking for
access, regional and backhaul networks including backhaul capacity
provisioning using wireless, including the WLAN networks and WMAN.
.BroadNets 2004 will thus offer a unique forum for researchers from
academia, government, and industry to share ideas and disseminate new
results in these important areas.  We are soliciting full papers in all
research, development, and deployment areas on broadband wireless
networking.  Papers of particular merit will be considered for a special
issue of ACM/Kluwer Mobile Networks (MONET) Journal.

Topics
Full papers are solicited in all research and applied areas related to
broadband wireless networking.  Topics include, but not limited to:
=20

=D8	 3G/4G Systems
=D8	 Fixed Broadband Wireless Access
=D8	Wireless Local Area Networks
=D8	WLAN Hotspots
=D8	Wireless indoor & home networks
=D8	Wireless Personal Area Networks including IEEE 802.15
=D8	 IEEE 802.16 (WiMax) Standards Activities and Products
=D8	 Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks
=D8	Wireless Wide Area Networks
=D8	Free-Space Optics
=D8	Ultra Wideband (UWB) Networks
=D8	Ad-hoc networks
=D8	System architecture
=D8	Network Topology management
=D8	Neighbor discovery
=D8	Unicast and multicast routing
=D8	Quality-of-Service support
=D8	Security techniques and systems
=D8	Resource management
=D8	Software-defined radio
=D8	Space-time processing, MIMO systems
=D8	Digital signal processing
=D8	Smart (directional) antennas
=D8	Power control
=D8	Wireless emergency systems
=D8	Standards, Licensing and regulation
=D8	Interference mitigation for multiple access
=D8	Economics and business cases=20

Important Dates
=B7	Submission Deadline:	March 15, 2004
=B7	Acceptance Notification:  	June 7, 2004
=B7	Final Manuscript Due:	July 7, 2004

Submission Instructions
Authors are invited to submit full papers of up to 20 double-spaced =
pages,
including references, figures, and tables.  All submissions should be
submitted electronically in Postscript or Adobe PDF format through the =
EDAS
submission system at http://edas.info/Conferences.cgi.
Proposals for Workshops, Tutorials, and Panels
Proposals for workshops, tutorials, and panels on broadband wireless
networking and related topics are solicited. Workshop proposals should
consist of: 1) title of the workshop, 2) description of potential =
audience,
3) description of the workshop topic and justification of why the =
proposed
topic is interesting and timely and, 4) intended format of the workshop.
Tutorial proposals should consist of: 1) title and outline of materials =
to
be presented, 2) description of potential audience, 3) justification of =
why
the proposed topic is interesting and timely and, 4) biographical sketch =
of
the presenter(s). Panel topics should address innovative, controversial, =
or
otherwise provocative issues of interest related to broadband wireless
networking and communications. Workshop proposals should be submitted to =
the
appropriate chair by March 15, 2004.  Tutorial and Panel proposals =
should be
submitted to the appropriate chairs by May 1, 2004.
Exhibits and Sponsorship Opportunities
For information on exhibit space or sponsorship opportunities at =
BroadNets
2004, please contact the Exhibits and Sponsorships Chairs.
Organizing Committee
=20
Symposium Chair
Zhensheng Zhang, San Diego Research Center=09
zzhang@ieee.org

Technical Program Chairs
Parameswaran Ramanathan, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, =
parmesh@ece.wisc.edu=20
Thomas Hou, Virginia Tech,  thou@vt.edu=20


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Hi HyunWook Cha,

Comments inline:

On  2004-03-05 13:03:52 CET Christophe Jelger wrote
>Erik Nordstr=F6m wrote:
>>On Fri, 2004-03-05 at 07:27, HyunWook Cha wrote:
>>
>>>>>My current standing is that the "ideal" Internet access=20
>>>>mechanism, as=20
>>>>>far as routing is concerned, is tunneling in both=20
>>>>directions: source routing (IPv6) or encapsulation (IPv4) of=20
>>>>outbound traffic via the gateway and encapsulation of inbound=20
>>>>traffic from gateway to MANET node (IPv4 and IPv6). From=20
>>>>there you start to make optimizations to save bandwidth etc.,=20
>>>>and each optimization resembles a "hack", i.e. it undermines=20
>>>>the ideal model.
>>>>     =20
>>>What is ideal and what is hack?  It depends on your thought?=20
>>>

I agree with you that it is difficult to draw a clear line, so let's not ar=
gue over words... (However, if you want to know my thought: According to my=
 terminology, a "hack" is a solution that imposes additional requirements o=
n the network that *significantly* narrows the room for improving technolog=
y in the future. E.g. NAT is a hack that changes the rules of the networkin=
g, by requiring all traffic be initaited from one side, and IP-layers proto=
cols (e.g. IPSec and MIP) be transparent to changes in IP-addresses (and po=
rtnumbers  - for NAPT). The result of a "hack" is normally new "hacks", e.g=
. MIP-over-UDP-tunnels or IPSec-over-UDP, to circumvent the additional requ=
irements imposed by the previous hack.)

>>>   =20
>>>>Tunneling in both directions is OK, but I am not sure I would=20
>>>>call it "ideal". It is just one solution, and I believe=20
>>>>one-way is enough. But it is not such a big deal I think.=20
>>>>
>>>IMO, to enforce all inbound traffics to be encapsulated is hack !!!
>>>   =20

According to how I defined a "hack" above, it is probably not...but again l=
et's not argue over words. It was stupid of me to use a negatively loaded w=
ord. I am not saying that encapsulating inbound traffic is a good solution.=
 I only say that it is the "cleanest" solution. Probably we will need to do=
 optimisations to make things more efficient. There is a tradeoff between m=
aking it clean and making it efficient, and I am not sure exactly where to =
draw the line. That is what I intend to find out.

>>
>>Why would this be a hack? Tunneling is an established mechanism. Do you
>>have a good argument for this?
>>

Agree with Erik.

>> =20
>>>What makes you think that route entries for global addresses assigned to
>>>MANET nodes should not be maintained inside the MANET? I do not see any
>>>reason. If gateway obtains valid route entry for a destination node's
>>>

Take AODV as an example, how does gateways maintain destination sequence nu=
mbers on behalf of external nodes? And how does the gateways cooperate to m=
aintain sequence numbers. I remember that some version of the AODV-draft (m=
aybe the RFC) proposed co-operation between gateways, but in my opinion thi=
s is not a desireable way to go.

Besides, I also tend to agree with Erik's comment, here:
>>
>>Tunneling does not totally exclude global (non-adhoc) addresses in the
>>MANET. Routing entries for global addresses still have to be maintained
>>at end nodes. It just simplifies the routing, and you achieves route
>>aggregation since you can share a tunnel among many addresses. In the
>>AODV case, there is also no need to maintain sequence numbers for routes
>>to global destinations since it maps to the gateway route. This would
>>not be the case if you "import" global addresses/routes into the ad hoc
>>network.
>>
>> =20

<...>

>>>>
>>>Right. Could you handle gateway handover using NATs?   =20
>>>

Using MIP with NAT-traversal is probably the most straightforward solution,=
 but the additional overhead of 28bytes only for the NAT-traversal part is =
not insignificant on a MANET. (In fact, we have discussed implementing this=
, just to see how it works.) The upside is that you could probably use off-=
the-self MIPv4 code in co-located mode and with NAT-traversal, and I assume=
 it would work without major changes. I believe that other MIP-for-MANET so=
lutions proposed, on the contrary, would need special-purpose code that wou=
ld differ significantly from regular off-the-shelf MIPv4.=20

>>
>>I guess, if you tunneled traffic from your "old" gateway to the new one.
>>Of course, there would have to be some extra signaling between the
>>gateways.
>>

Yes, Erik, that might be another option... None of them seems ideal, though=
...

> >

<...>

Paal

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Erik,

> Proxy RREPs works with multiple gateways. A source node gets multiple
> replies and can chose the best route (i.e., based on hop count or
> something else).

It works, but whether it works "fine"or not is probably a matter of definition ;-)

The problem is that it easily leads to routing race conditions. For example, if you have two gateways that are located an equal number of hops away from the MANET node, both gateways will return the same Proxy RREP (assuming that both gateways use the same gateway-independent rules for setting the sequence number, and thus return the same sequence number.)

Every time the outgoing route needs to be re-discovered due to link breaks or route-timeouts, the outgoing route is determined by the first Proxy RREPs that reaches the MANET node or the intermediate node where the return routes of the two Proxy RREPs meet. The outgoing route may shift between the two gateways in a non-deterministic way. If there are NATs present, the performance can be discouraging.

We have both done tests and simulations on this issue, and the results so far does not yet convince me that Proxy RREP is a solution without significant problems. You might have different experiences?

Paal


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Subject: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 2004 03:40:28 +0900
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Hello, Paal and all.

My comments below.

----- Original Message -----
From: <Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com>
To: <jafy@etri.re.kr>; "Christophe Jelger" <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>=
;
"Erik Nordstr=F6m" <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
Cc: "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Sunday, March 07, 2004 5:19 AM
Subject: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)


Hi HyunWook Cha,

Comments inline:

On  2004-03-05 13:03:52 CET Christophe Jelger wrote
>Erik Nordstr=F6m wrote:
>>On Fri, 2004-03-05 at 07:27, HyunWook Cha wrote:
>>
>>>>>My current standing is that the "ideal" Internet access
>>>>mechanism, as
>>>>>far as routing is concerned, is tunneling in both
>>>>directions: source routing (IPv6) or encapsulation (IPv4) of
>>>>outbound traffic via the gateway and encapsulation of inbound
>>>>traffic from gateway to MANET node (IPv4 and IPv6). From
>>>>there you start to make optimizations to save bandwidth etc.,
>>>>and each optimization resembles a "hack", i.e. it undermines
>>>>the ideal model.
>>>>
>>>What is ideal and what is hack?  It depends on your thought?
>>>

I agree with you that it is difficult to draw a clear line, so let's not
argue over words... (However, if you want to know my thought: According t=
o
my terminology, a "hack" is a solution that imposes additional requiremen=
ts
on the network that *significantly* narrows the room for improving
technology in the future. E.g. NAT is a hack that changes the rules of th=
e
networking, by requiring all traffic be initaited from one side, and
IP-layers protocols (e.g. IPSec and MIP) be transparent to changes in
IP-addresses (and portnumbers  - for NAPT). The result of a "hack" is
normally new "hacks", e.g. MIP-over-UDP-tunnels or IPSec-over-UDP, to
circumvent the additional requirements imposed by the previous hack.)

[HW]
Ok, I understand what you mean by "hack". However, IMO, we have not analy=
zed
existing solutions fully until now, so it is not suitable time to say wha=
t
is ideal or hack. I agree that tunneling in both directions are simple an=
d
do not cause any problem, but I do not think that that is efficient and h=
as
no room to optimize and any effort to do that are just hack. I do not wan=
t
to argue over words, either.

>>>
>>>>Tunneling in both directions is OK, but I am not sure I would
>>>>call it "ideal". It is just one solution, and I believe
>>>>one-way is enough. But it is not such a big deal I think.
>>>>
>>>IMO, to enforce all inbound traffics to be encapsulated is hack !!!
>>>

According to how I defined a "hack" above, it is probably not...but again
let's not argue over words. It was stupid of me to use a negatively loade=
d
word. I am not saying that encapsulating inbound traffic is a good soluti=
on.
I only say that it is the "cleanest" solution. Probably we will need to d=
o
optimisations to make things more efficient. There is a tradeoff between
making it clean and making it efficient, and I am not sure exactly where =
to
draw the line. That is what I intend to find out.

[HW]
>From your definition about "hack", you are right. Tunneling itself is not
hack, but the strict requirement that inbound traffics should be
encapsulated is not desirable as I mentioned before.

>>
>>Why would this be a hack? Tunneling is an established mechanism. Do you
>>have a good argument for this?
>>

Agree with Erik.

>>
>>>What makes you think that route entries for global addresses assigned =
to
>>>MANET nodes should not be maintained inside the MANET? I do not see an=
y
>>>reason. If gateway obtains valid route entry for a destination node's
>>>

Take AODV as an example, how does gateways maintain destination sequence
numbers on behalf of external nodes? And how does the gateways cooperate =
to
maintain sequence numbers. I remember that some version of the AODV-draft
(maybe the RFC) proposed co-operation between gateways, but in my opinion
this is not a desireable way to go.

[HW]
Why gateways care about seq no for external nodes?  Are you considering
about proxy RREP based solution? In the most of existing drafts including
globalv6 related this issue, route entries for external nodes are not nee=
ded
for outbound traffics and only ones for gateways to be passed are demande=
d
whether default routes are used for forwarding or not. Do you concern abo=
ut
updating route entry for gateways by inbound traffics? Right, unencapsula=
ted
inbound traffics can not do that. However, periodic gateway
solicitation/advertisement exchanges between MANET nodes and gateways and
unsolicited gateway advertisements from gateways can prevent from degradi=
ng
performance of bidirectional communications like TCP sessions. Other
thoughts?

Regards,

HyunWook

>>>>
>>>Right. Could you handle gateway handover using NATs?
>>>

Using MIP with NAT-traversal is probably the most straightforward solutio=
n,
but the additional overhead of 28bytes only for the NAT-traversal part is
not insignificant on a MANET. (In fact, we have discussed implementing th=
is,
just to see how it works.) The upside is that you could probably use
off-the-self MIPv4 code in co-located mode and with NAT-traversal, and I
assume it would work without major changes. I believe that other
MIP-for-MANET solutions proposed, on the contrary, would need
special-purpose code that would differ significantly from regular
off-the-shelf MIPv4.

>>
>>I guess, if you tunneled traffic from your "old" gateway to the new one.
>>Of course, there would have to be some extra signaling between the
>>gateways.
>>

Yes, Erik, that might be another option... None of them seems ideal,
though...

> >

<...>

Paal


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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "Erik Nordstr?" <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>,
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Subject: Re: SV: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
Date: Mon, 8 Mar 2004 04:25:35 +0900
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Hello, Eric and Christophe.

My comments below;

----- Original Message -----
From: "Erik Nordstr?" <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
To: "Christophe Jelger" <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
Cc: "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, March 05, 2004 9:16 PM
Subject: Re: SV: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)


>
> On Fri, 2004-03-05 at 13:03, Christophe Jelger wrote:
>
>
> > >>
> > >
> > >Prefix continuity is fine but clearly has limitations, since (all)
nodes
> > >can't chose gateways by themselves. I am not sure what you mean with
> > >source address based forwarding. Do you select your default route based
> > >on source address? In that case you need to maintain a lot of extra
> > >state and you have no route aggregation which is mainly what default
> > >routes are for. Correct me if I am wrong.
> > >

Right. A sender node select a default route to send a packet according to
its global source address. The node already maintain default gateway list to
configure and maintain its global addresses. It does not require additional
state. Also, additional route entries for Internet nodes (=external nodes)
are not needed since this approach has same effect as default route
forwarding execpt that actual forwarding is based on route entry for
corresponding gateway with source address.

> > >
> > I won't call that a limitation ... the objective is to maintain prefix
> > continuity, not to allows nodes to choose whatever prefix they want. In
> > the later case it's best to use a solution that uses tunnels (or routing
> > header with IPv6). Would you call IPv6 stateless autoconf "a limitation"
> > because it gives the same prefix to all nodes of a subnet ? To me it's
> > just doing fine what it has been designed for ... ;-)
> >

Christophe, IPv6 stateless autoconf does not prohibit that multiple global
addresses are configured and used by a node. When two addresses are
available, one address can be used as HoA and the other as CoA to preserve
transport session or load balancing. When multiple addresses are allowed,
source address based forwarding is a solution which has same effect as
"prefix continutity" since it can demultiplex corresponding gateway with
source address without routing header/tunneling.

Regards,

HyunWook

>
> Ok, limited applicability? I agree that if prefix continuity is fine if
> that's what you want.
>
> And yes, stateless autoconf can be a limitation since it does not allow
> you to easily switch between gateways (and maintain your connections).
> MIP would be better for that (or a combination). But it does not mean it
> is not useful for what it was design for. Which I do not believe were ad
> hoc networks and multiple gateway scenarios. Rather as an alternative to
> DHCP?
>



>
> /Erik
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>


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Hello;
I am working on IEE 802.11e, I have the version 6.0 on the corresponding draft. I ask me, if some one knows a recent version, and could forward it to me.
Thank you very much and have a good day 

wafa Berrayana


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From: Gayathri <gayu_venki@yahoo.com>
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Subject: [manet] ZRP implementation
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Hi all
=20
I am working on hybrid protocols . I came across the implementation of zr=
p from the site=20
=20
http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu/wnlprojects.html
=20

ZRP Implementation in Glomosim: Glomosim Code (tar file) by Kaixin Xu (UC=
LA/CSD)=20
=20
I experience a problem. The function "Networkipsetmaclayerstatushandler "=
 function is part of the old glomosim 2.0 and we now have the new version=
. The new version says that it has been made obsolete by explicit packet =
handling function (nwip.pc) . I am unable to replace that function. Could=
 one one help me wiht it . Has anyone implemented it successfully using t=
his code. Please help me with this=20
=20
Thanks in advance=20
Gayathri





---------------------------------
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<TABLE id=3DHB_Mail_Container height=3D"100%" cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=
=3D0 width=3D"100%" border=3D0 UNSELECTABLE=3D"on">
<TBODY>
<TR height=3D"100%" width=3D"100%" UNSELECTABLE=3D"on">
<TD id=3DHB_Focus_Element vAlign=3Dtop width=3D"100%" background=3D"" hei=
ght=3D250 UNSELECTABLE=3D"off">
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN class=3D350095207-=
08032004>Hi all</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN class=3D350095207-=
08032004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN class=3D350095207-=
08032004>I am working on hybrid protocols . I came across the implementat=
ion of zrp from the site </SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN class=3D350095207-=
08032004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN class=3D350095207-=
08032004><A href=3D"http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu/wnlprojects.html">http://w=
nl.ece.cornell.edu/wnlprojects.html</A></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff size=3D2><SPAN class=3D350095207-=
08032004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D350095207-08032004>
<LI class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-botto=
m-alt: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo51; tab-stops: list .5in"><B><FONT co=
lor=3D#0000ff>ZRP Implementation in Glomosim: </FONT><A href=3D"http://wn=
l.ece.cornell.edu/Software/Zrp/Glomosim/zrp_glomosim_code.tar">Glomosim C=
ode (tar file)</A><FONT color=3D#0000ff> by Kaixin Xu (UCLA/CSD)</FONT></=
B><FONT color=3D#0000ff> </FONT></LI></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bott=
om-alt: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo51; tab-stops: list .5in"><STRONG><F=
ONT color=3D#0000ff></FONT></STRONG>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bott=
om-alt: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo51; tab-stops: list .5in"><SPAN clas=
s=3D350095207-08032004><FONT color=3D#0000ff>I experience a problem. The =
function "Networkipsetmaclayerstatushandler " function is part of the old=
 glomosim 2.0 and we now have the new version. The new version says that =
it has been made obsolete by explicit packet handling function (nwip.pc) =
. I am unable to replace that function. Could one one help me wiht it . H=
as anyone implemented it successfully using this code. Please help me wit=
h this </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bott=
om-alt: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo51; tab-stops: list .5in"><SPAN clas=
s=3D350095207-08032004><FONT color=3D#0000ff></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bott=
om-alt: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo51; tab-stops: list .5in"><SPAN clas=
s=3D350095207-08032004><FONT color=3D#0000ff>Thanks in advance </FONT></S=
PAN></DIV>
<DIV class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bott=
om-alt: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo51; tab-stops: list .5in"><SPAN clas=
s=3D350095207-08032004><FONT color=3D#0000ff>Gayathri</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV></SPAN></FONT></DIV></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR UNSELECTABLE=3D"on" hb_tag=3D"1">
<TD style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 1pt" height=3D1 UNSELECTABLE=3D"on">
<DIV id=3Dhotbar_promo></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><p><hr SIZE=3D1>
Do you Yahoo!?<br>
Yahoo! Search - <a href=3D"http://search.yahoo.com/?fr=3Dad-mailsig-home"=
>Find what you=92re looking for faster.</a>
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Mar  8 11:47:08 2004
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Subject: [manet] Retrieving the Path found by DSR or other protocols?
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How to retrieve and interact with the wireless card in
adhoc mod ,for exemple to retrieve paths found by the
routing protocol DSR. I'm a beginning in searching in
this  field, and i'm going to code a tool on linux to
manage path diversity in adhoc networks. Thanks a lot!


=09

=09
	=09
Yahoo! Mail : votre e-mail personnel et gratuit qui vous suit partout !=20
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From: Leon Martin <leon70m@yahoo.com>
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Subject: [manet] Questions about 802.11
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Hi,

Just want to know the answers of:

1. Does 802.11 do RTS/CTS/DATA/ACK on a per packet
basis?

2. For the ACK in the RTS/CTS/DATA/ACK, what is the
value for its retransmission timeout?


Thanks!

- Leon=20

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Subject: [manet] ADHOC-NOW'04 -- Call for papers
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        PLEASE ACCEPT OUR APOLOGIES IF YOU RECEIVE MULTIPLE COPIES

                      Call for Papers -- ADHOC-NOW'04

                The 3rd Annual International Conference on 
                       AD-HOC Networks & Wireless

        Conference dates:   July 22-24, 2004
                Location:   Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
                                                                              
        URL: http://namur.cs.ualberta.ca:8080/adhocnow04/Default.htm
                                                                              
Important Dates:

Paper Submissions Due: May 1, 2004
Notification of Acceptance: May 14, 2004
Panel/Tutorial Proposals Due: May 31, 2004
Camera Ready Versions Due: June 1, 2004
                                                                              
Topics of Interest:

We are interested in work in progress, experimental and theoretical
research in Ad-Hoc, Mobile and Wireless Networks. Of interest but
are not limited, to research papers in any of the following areas:

          Access Control
          Ad Hoc Networks of Autonomous Intelligent Systems
          Analytic Methods and Modeling for Performance Evaluation
          Applications for Ad Hoc Networks
          Architectures of Ad-Hoc Networks
          Distributed Algorithms for Ad Hoc Networks
          Location Discovery and Management
          Low Power and Energy-Efficient Designs
          Mobile Ad Hoc Computing Platforms, Systems and Testbeds
          Quality-of-Service
          Routing Protocols (Unicast, Multicast, etc.)
          Secure Services and Protocols
          Sensor Networks
          Self-Configuration
          Service Discovery
          Timing Synchronization
          Wireless Internet

Proceedings: To be published by Springer-Verlag, as part of the 
Lecture Notes in Computer Science  (LNCS) series.
                                                                              
Supported by: Carleton University, University of Alberta, Simon Fraser 
              University, PIMS INSTITUTE, MITACS.

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar  9 10:48:06 2004
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From: merajul <merajul@aitlbd.net>
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Subject: [manet] NS2 simulation
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Hi!

	I tried to implement a new Ping Agent protocol and it ran successfully in 
NS2. But when I see the trace file, I see the type fields are undefined. How 
can I set the packet types to 
		1. ICMP ECHO_REQUEST
		2. ICMP ECHO_REPLY
I want to distinguish between the two.

	My next question is, I have done some wireless  simulation in ns2. My 
question is how can I extract various information like 
		1. Success Rate vs. Speed
		2. Collision vs Max Speed
		etc, etc. 

from the trace file ? Are there any scripts for this ?

Thanks
-- 
Mohammad Merajul Islam Molla
Department of Computer Science & Engineering ( Final Year )
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET)
Dhaka, Bangladesh.



-- 
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Subject: [manet] Med-Hoc-Net 2004: Final CFP, Papers due March 12th
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Please note that the deadline for paper submissions, Friday, March 12th,
is only a few days away. We look forward to your submissions. See our
website for full details. http://www.medhoc04/diit/unict.it

We apologize in advance if you receive multiple copies of this CFP.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
			    Med-Hoc-Net 2004

	The Third Annual Mediterranean Ad Hoc Networking Workshop

		  June 27-30, 2004, Bodrum, Turkey
		  http://www.medhoc04/diit/unict.it

			    Call for Papers
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scope:

Ad hoc network applications are emerging continuously imposing their own
stringent constraints which cannot be fulfilled by generic approaches and
thus spur new research efforts. Therefore, ad hoc networks attract growing
attention from the research community. The aim of Med-Hoc-Net 2004 is to
serve as a platform for researchers and visionaries from academia,
research labs, and industry from all over the globe to share their ideas,
views, results, and experiences in the field of ad-hoc networking and
communications. Med-Hoc-Net 2004 will include presentations of theoretical
and experimental achievements, innovative ad-hoc systems, prototyping
efforts, case studies, and advancements in technology directly affecting
ad-hoc networking and communications infrastructures.

The papers solicited in Med-Hoc-Net 2004 cover a variety of topics
including but not limited to:

- Novel ad-hoc network architectures and applications,
- Sensor network applications and protocols,
- Implementations, testbeds, and prototypes,
- Interfacing ad-hoc systems with different networks,
- Resource discovery and management,
- Power management and control,
- Call admission and traffic shaping policies for ad-hoc networks,
- Multimedia location services,
- Self organization and network reconfiguration,
- Protocols for QoS support in ad-hoc networks,
- QoS support in Bluetooth, HIPERLAN, IEEE 802.11 etc.,
- MAC protocols, scheduling, and radio resource sharing in ad hoc
  networks,
- Unicast and multicast routing algorithms and protocols,
- Transport layer protocols for multi-hop networks,
- Congestion control,
- Performance evaluation of ad-hoc network protocols through simulations,
  analysis, and measurements,
- Security in ad-hoc networks,
- Fault tolerance and error recovery
- Signal processing algorithms (coding, compression) for ad-hoc networks

The program committee will referee all papers, and accepted papers will
be published in the conference proceedings. Papers of particular merit
will be published in the Elsevier Ad Hoc Networks Journal.

Manuscripts must be formatted according to the IEEE double-column standard
format, except the font size, which must be 11pt. Authors should use only
standard fonts, i.e., Times Roman, Courier, Symbol, and Helvetica, or
their equivalent. The maximum length of the manuscript is 12 pages.

NEW: THE PAPER SUBMISSION DEADLINE IS EXTENDED TO MARCH 12, 2004
     PAPERS WILL BE SUBMITTED THROUGH EDAS SYSTEM

Papers should be submitted in pdf or ps format through EDAS system
(http://edas.info) according to the following timetable:

Important Dates:
Full Paper Electronic Submission:		March 12, 2004
Tutorial proposal submission:			April 15, 2004
Notification of Acceptance/Rejection:           May 3, 2004
Camera ready submission of full papers:		May 17, 2004
Tutorial date:					June 27, 2004
Conference dates:				June 28-30, 2004


Organization Committee:
General Chair:
   Ian F. Akyildiz, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA

General Vice Chair:
  Erdal Cayirci, Istanbul Technical University, TURKEY

Technical Program Chairs:
   Giacomo Morabito, University of Catania, ITALY
   Eylem Ekici, Ohio State University, USA

Tutorial Chairs:
   Francesca Cuomo, University of Rome - La Sapienza, ITALY
   Christos Douligeris, University of Piraeus, GREECE

Publicity  Chairs:
   Buyurman Baykal, Middle East Technical University, TURKEY
   Jaudelice Cavalcante de Oliveira, Drexel University, USA

Registration Chair:
   Sebnem Baydere, Yeditepe University, TURKEY


Technical Program Committee:

Khaldoun Al Agha, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique, FRANCE
Hamid Aghvami, King's College London, UK
Eitan Altman, INRIA, FRANCE
Roberto Battiti, University of Trento, ITALY
Raouf Boutaba, University of Waterloo, CANADA
Walid Dabbous, INRIA, FRANCE
Magda El Zarki, University of California at Irvine, USA
Luigi Fratta, Politecnico di Milano, ITALY
Mario Gerla, UCLA, USA
Paul J. M. Havinga, University of Twente, NETHERLANDS
Ahmed Helmy, University of Southern California, USA
Farouk Kamoun, ENSI, TUNISIA
Holger Karl, Technical University of Berlin, GERMANY
Ulf  Korner, Lund Institute of Technology, SWEDEN
Bhaskar Krishnamachari, University of Southern California, USA
Marwan Krunz, University of Arizona, USA
Albert Levi, Sabanci University, TURKEY
Janise McNair, University of Florida, USA
Lazaros Merakos, University of Athens, GREECE
Ioanis Nikolaidis, University of Alberta, CANADA
Ariel Orda, Technion, ISRAEL
Sergio Palazzo, University of Catania, ITALY
Giovanni Pau, UCLA, USA
Chiara Petrioli, University of Rome "La Sapienza", ITALY
Andreas Pitsillides, University of Cyprus, CYPRUS
Guy Pujolle, LIP6, FRANCE
Paolo Santi, CNR, ITALY
Adrian Segall, Technion, ISRAEL
Ness Shroff, Purdue University, USA
Moshe Sidi, Technion, ISRAEL
Raghupathy Sivakumar, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Ioannis Stavrakakis, University of Athens, GREECE
Ivan Stojmenovic, University of Ottawa, CANADA
Violet R. Syrotiuk, Arizona State University, USA
Leandros Tassiulas, University of Thessaly, GREECE
Damla Turgut, University of Central Florida, USA
Bernhard H. Walke, Aachen University of Technology, GERMANY
Wenye Wang, North Carolina State University, USA
Michele Zorzi, University of Ferrara, ITALY

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From: Vishak Srinivasan <vishak_001@yahoo.com>
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Subject: [manet] could anybody plz help me in simulating manet using DSR
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hello everybody,

i am doing my comp networks and i am doing my thesis
in  simulation of MANETs using DSR protocol.

i want to do a simulation using 3/4 nodes but in tht
case how should we set one as a source , one as a
destination and the other nodes should act as a
routing agent which should route the pkts from source
to destination.

i am trying very hard to try to find some way out but
couldnot. i expect some way out of this problem. as u
all know simulating using 2 nodes in quite simple but
i want to do it for more than 3 or 3

expecting some quick reply from u experienced people

thanx in advance

regards
vishak srinivasan

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Subject: [manet] ns aodv
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  hi guys,
		i am doing aproject in integration of cellular ip
and manets.i am using ns . while simulating aodv in ns
i get an error report in line no. 19 .i tried it in
other versions of ns as well. but i get the same
problem. has anyone encountered this problem .if so
plz tell me how to solve it .
					bye
   

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Subject: [manet] DSR route maintenance issue
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--0-365876440-1078876659=:76528
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Hi,
=20
I have a question / concern regarding DSR route maintenance as suggested =
in the draft-ietf-manet-dsr-09. If i am using explicit acknowledgments fo=
r route maintenance, there are possibilities of receiving multiple duplic=
ate packets.=20
=20
For instance, while forwarding data packet to next hop, i enable the bit =
in the packet header so that nexthop node should send me explicit ACK aft=
er receiving this data packet. If WLAN MAC layer is congested, my packet =
is still sitting at MAC to be retransmitted, whereas my ACK timer (50ms a=
s suggested in draft) expires. I will retransmit the same data packet. Th=
is will lead to duplicate packets at destination. Under heavy traffic sce=
narios, this situation will happen frequently.
=20
I did not find any measures in the draft for the same. Am i missing somet=
hing in implemenation ? Please help. Thanks in advance.
=20
-MU


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<DIV>Hi,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I have a question / concern regarding DSR route maintenance as sugge=
sted in the draft-ietf-manet-dsr-09. If i am using explicit acknowledgmen=
ts for route maintenance, there are possibilities of receiving multiple d=
uplicate packets. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>For instance, while forwarding data packet to next hop, i enable the=
 bit in the packet header so that nexthop node should send me explicit AC=
K after receiving this data packet. If WLAN MAC layer is congested, my pa=
cket is still sitting at&nbsp;MAC to be retransmitted, whereas my ACK tim=
er (50ms&nbsp;as suggested in draft) expires. I will retransmit the same =
data packet. This will lead to duplicate packets at destination. Under he=
avy traffic scenarios, this situation will happen frequently.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I did not find any measures in the draft for the same. Am i missing =
something in implemenation ? Please help. Thanks in advance.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>-MU</DIV><p><hr SIZE=3D1>
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Yahoo! Search - <a href=3D"http://search.yahoo.com/?fr=3Dad-mailsig-home"=
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Mar 10 10:42:34 2004
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Subject: [manet] DSR, route error and ack
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Hi
I ask if it is necessary to add an ack when sendind a
route error back to the destination.
Packet contains route source and route error no other
data.
Thanks

Redouane



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On Wed, 10 Mar 2004, [iso-8859-1] redouane wrote:

> Hi
> I ask if it is necessary to add an ack when sendind a
> route error back to the destination.
> Packet contains route source and route error no other
> data.

The destination for the Route Error does not need to send an ACK all the
way back to the node that generated the Route Error, but I believe Route
Maintenance should be performed on the packet carrying the Route Error.

Cheers,
 -dam


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Hi,

I have a question on bandwidth reservation in ad hoc networks:

Some MAC layer protocol that supports QoS (such as ieee802.11e) is using
Traffic Categories (different priority queues) to implement priority
differentiation. But this is just at one node, I mean it
doesn't consider the case of shared bandwidth, right? Considering
the characteristics of wireless networks, the bandwidth at a node is
actually shared by its neighboring nodes since the node can not send
packets to its neighbor if the neighboring node is also transmitting
or receiving from another node. IEEE802.11e doesn't consider this case,
right? or it doesn't need to?

I'd appreciate it if someone could clarify this to me!

Bin Lu

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Subject: Re: [manet] question about bandwidth reservation
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On Wed, 2004-03-10 at 09:12, Bin Lu wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I have a question on bandwidth reservation in ad hoc networks:

First, back up one level of abstraction:
	- at layer 3, QoS control is primarily a priority queuing issue.
	- at layer 2, QoS control is a media access issue.  How does a station,
in a shared media, get priority access (permission to transmit) when it
is in possession of urgent packets?  
> 
> Some MAC layer protocol that supports QoS (such as ieee802.11e) is using
> Traffic Categories (different priority queues) to implement priority
> differentiation. But this is just at one node, I mean it
> doesn't consider the case of shared bandwidth, right? 

The Traffic Categories only identify urgent packets; still begs the
question of how you get priority access.

In contention queues like all the .11 variants, you have no access
control that can handle the QoS needs.  All stations with traffic to
send compete, using a carrier sense algorithm to take turns.  This,
while better than nothing, has several shortcomings:
	- no way to handle more-equal pigs, as you pointed out
	- poorly equipped to handle silent hosts.  Wired ethernet (802.3) MAC
works on the assumption that everybody can hear everybody else.  802.11
stretches that but lives with the same assumption.  In a radio-WAN, we
have to trade that assumption in for one where all leaf nodes can hear
the base station but not necessarily each other.  Which drives you to
polling or scheduling MAC algorithms.  Both of these approaches can
handle priority access if designed properly.  
	- carrier sense algorithms trade off bandwidth efficiency for other qos
parameters (interactivity, low latency ... and simplicity of design).  

> Considering
> the characteristics of wireless networks, the bandwidth at a node is
> actually shared by its neighboring nodes since the node can not send
> packets to its neighbor if the neighboring node is also transmitting
> or receiving from another node. IEEE802.11e doesn't consider this case,
> right? or it doesn't need to?

.11 standards took a very large step forward -- we got vendor
interoperability and the prices for the gear went way down compared to
pre-802.11 wireless LAN equipment (got some of that in lab and it was
comparatively pricey).  But we didn't get 
	- bandwidth efficient MAC algorithm
	- decent security (the MAC addresses remain uncovered with WEP)
	- QoS controls -- which you cannot with a carrier sense algorithm in
any real sense.
	- layer 2 multicast

You might want to look at the 802.16 (aka WiMax) standards which, IMHO,
represent the next generation and fix a good deal of these problems. 
The MAC is a dual-queue reservation protocol and that does afford some
QoS control at layer 2.  
> 
> I'd appreciate it if someone could clarify this to me!
> 
> Bin Lu
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
-- 
b


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Since the 802.11 mac header has address fields for sender, transmitter,
receiver and destination, why aren't ad-hoc routing protocols based upon
this seemingly built-in faciity for multihop routing?  Each receving node
would simply have to change the rx address to the next hop.

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On Wed, 10 Mar 2004, DANIEL BYRNE wrote:
> Since the 802.11 mac header has address fields for sender, transmitter,
> receiver and destination, why aren't ad-hoc routing protocols based upon
> this seemingly built-in faciity for multihop routing?  Each receving node
> would simply have to change the rx address to the next hop.

DSR was originally conceived of as a layer-2 routing protocol that could
be implemented directly in the interface card using MAC addresses as you
suggest.  In that role, the protocol could be used to "transparently"
extend the coverage of access points and provide multiple-hop ad hoc
connectivity between nodes running any layer 3 protocol.

We made the decision to define what's become DSR as a layer-3 protocol so
that an ad hoc cloud could extend across multiple types of interfaces and
even across the Internet itself.  Consider a node with two types of
interfaces (say IR and 802.11b).  If the multi-hop ad hoc routing is done
at layer 3, this node has the potential ability to discover routes and
forward packets between a node that only as IR and node that only has
802.11.

Building a gateway to efficiently connect an ad hoc cloud to the Internet
requires the network layer on the gateway to have knowledge of how routing
works in the ad hoc cloud, so fewer layer violations are involved if the
ad hoc routing protocol runs at layer 3.

Cheers,
 -dam





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Hi,
Can anyone please give me any pointers to counting the
number of tcp packets sent and received for a
connection in Linux kernel?

Thanks,
Icy.

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Subject: Re: [manet] Counting the number of TCP packets sent/received in
	Linux kernel
From: Amit Kucheria <akucheria@metricsystems.com>
To: Icy Termite <icytermite@yahoo.com>
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Use a protocol analyzer like 'tcpdump' or 'ethereal'

/Amit
On Wed, 2004-03-10 at 16:37, Icy Termite wrote:
> Hi,
> Can anyone please give me any pointers to counting the
> number of tcp packets sent and received for a
> connection in Linux kernel?
>=20
> Thanks,
> Icy.
>=20
> __________________________________
> Do you Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Search - Find what youre looking for faster
> http://search.yahoo.com
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
--=20
     .| Amit Kucheria                       |.
   ...| Wireless Systems Engineer           |...
 .....| Metric Systems Corp., San Diego, CA |.....
......| www.metricsystems.com               |......


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Hi,

At layer 3, QoS control is also a routing issue.

IEEE 802.11e employs different persistent factors (PF) for different traffic
categories. A higher-priority class has a smaller PF so that its contention
window (CW) and thus typical backoff times grow slower. Moreover, a
higher-priority class has a smaller AIFS required for sensing the carrier,
and thus has a better chance for access of the channel. Based on these two
mechanisms, 802.11e can differentiate the delay and bandwidth for different
traffic classes among nodes, not just within a node.

The problem with IEEE 802.11e for MANET is that its differentiation
capability is not effective in multihop wireless networking environments
(though 802.11e is fine for QoS provisioning in single-hop wireless LANs).
There have been several effective differentiation mechanisms proposed for ad
hoc networks though.

IEEE 802.16 is not appropriate for MANET.

Chihsiang
___________________________________________________________
Chi-Hsiang Yeh (Mr./Dr./Prof.)
Dept. of Electrical & Computer Eng.
Queen's University
Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6
Canada
 
phone:  +1 613-533-6368
fax:    +1 613-533-6615

e-mail: chi-hsiang.yeh@ece.queensu.ca , yeh@ee.queensu.ca
URL:    http://www.ece.queensu.ca/hpages/faculty/yeh/
___________________________________________________________

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Rex
Buddenberg
Sent: Wednesday, March 10, 2004 1:11 PM
To: Bin Lu
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] question about bandwidth reservation

On Wed, 2004-03-10 at 09:12, Bin Lu wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I have a question on bandwidth reservation in ad hoc networks:

First, back up one level of abstraction:
	- at layer 3, QoS control is primarily a priority queuing issue.
	- at layer 2, QoS control is a media access issue.  How does a
station,
in a shared media, get priority access (permission to transmit) when it
is in possession of urgent packets?  
> 
> Some MAC layer protocol that supports QoS (such as ieee802.11e) is using
> Traffic Categories (different priority queues) to implement priority
> differentiation. But this is just at one node, I mean it
> doesn't consider the case of shared bandwidth, right? 

The Traffic Categories only identify urgent packets; still begs the
question of how you get priority access.

In contention queues like all the .11 variants, you have no access
control that can handle the QoS needs.  All stations with traffic to
send compete, using a carrier sense algorithm to take turns.  This,
while better than nothing, has several shortcomings:
	- no way to handle more-equal pigs, as you pointed out
	- poorly equipped to handle silent hosts.  Wired ethernet (802.3)
MAC
works on the assumption that everybody can hear everybody else.  802.11
stretches that but lives with the same assumption.  In a radio-WAN, we
have to trade that assumption in for one where all leaf nodes can hear
the base station but not necessarily each other.  Which drives you to
polling or scheduling MAC algorithms.  Both of these approaches can
handle priority access if designed properly.  
	- carrier sense algorithms trade off bandwidth efficiency for other
qos
parameters (interactivity, low latency ... and simplicity of design).  

> Considering
> the characteristics of wireless networks, the bandwidth at a node is
> actually shared by its neighboring nodes since the node can not send
> packets to its neighbor if the neighboring node is also transmitting
> or receiving from another node. IEEE802.11e doesn't consider this case,
> right? or it doesn't need to?

.11 standards took a very large step forward -- we got vendor
interoperability and the prices for the gear went way down compared to
pre-802.11 wireless LAN equipment (got some of that in lab and it was
comparatively pricey).  But we didn't get 
	- bandwidth efficient MAC algorithm
	- decent security (the MAC addresses remain uncovered with WEP)
	- QoS controls -- which you cannot with a carrier sense algorithm in
any real sense.
	- layer 2 multicast

You might want to look at the 802.16 (aka WiMax) standards which, IMHO,
represent the next generation and fix a good deal of these problems. 
The MAC is a dual-queue reservation protocol and that does afford some
QoS control at layer 2.  
> 
> I'd appreciate it if someone could clarify this to me!
> 
> Bin Lu
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
-- 
b


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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Mar 11 01:11:57 2004
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From: Nandini <nandini@ece.iisc.ernet.in>
To: Icy Termite <icytermite@yahoo.com>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Counting the number of TCP packets sent/received in
 Linux kernel
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You can further analyse the dump file obtained from tcpdump using a
utility called tcptrace.

Nandini


On Thu, 10 Mar 2004, Amit Kucheria wrote:

> Use a protocol analyzer like 'tcpdump' or 'ethereal'
>
> /Amit
> On Wed, 2004-03-10 at 16:37, Icy Termite wrote:
> > Hi,
> > Can anyone please give me any pointers to counting the
> > number of tcp packets sent and received for a
> > connection in Linux kernel?
> >
> > Thanks,
> > Icy.
> >
> > __________________________________
> > Do you Yahoo!?
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> --
>      .| Amit Kucheria                       |.
>    ...| Wireless Systems Engineer           |...
>  .....| Metric Systems Corp., San Diego, CA |.....
> ......| www.metricsystems.com               |......
>
>

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I m looking for some references about wireless channel
models (path loss,k factor ..)
thank you



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From: Ram Ramanathan <ramanath@bbn.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] question about bandwidth reservation
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On Mar 10, 2004, at 7:55 PM, Chi-Hsiang Yeh wrote:

> Hi,
>
> At layer 3, QoS control is also a routing issue.
>
> IEEE 802.11e employs different persistent factors (PF) for different 
> traffic
> categories. A higher-priority class has a smaller PF so that its 
> contention
> window (CW) and thus typical backoff times grow slower. Moreover, a
> higher-priority class has a smaller AIFS required for sensing the 
> carrier,
> and thus has a better chance for access of the channel. Based on these 
> two
> mechanisms, 802.11e can differentiate the delay and bandwidth for 
> different
> traffic classes among nodes, not just within a node.
>
> The problem with IEEE 802.11e for MANET is that its differentiation
> capability is not effective in multihop wireless networking 
> environments
> (though 802.11e is fine for QoS provisioning in single-hop wireless 
> LANs).
> There have been several effective differentiation mechanisms proposed 
> for ad
> hoc networks though.
>

Why is it not effective in multihop networking? If the idea is that 
lower priority packets get to wait longer and higher priority are quick 
out of the gate, why should it be affected by single/multihop?

Not arguing a case, just would be interested in a clarification.

Any papers on the subject of 802.11e-like things for ad hoc nets? Any 
paper that summarizes 802.11e?

-Ram.

> IEEE 802.16 is not appropriate for MANET.
>
> Chihsiang
> ___________________________________________________________
> Chi-Hsiang Yeh (Mr./Dr./Prof.)
> Dept. of Electrical & Computer Eng.
> Queen's University
> Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6
> Canada
>
> phone:  +1 613-533-6368
> fax:    +1 613-533-6615
>
> e-mail: chi-hsiang.yeh@ece.queensu.ca , yeh@ee.queensu.ca
> URL:    http://www.ece.queensu.ca/hpages/faculty/yeh/
> ___________________________________________________________
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of 
> Rex
> Buddenberg
> Sent: Wednesday, March 10, 2004 1:11 PM
> To: Bin Lu
> Cc: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] question about bandwidth reservation
>
> On Wed, 2004-03-10 at 09:12, Bin Lu wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I have a question on bandwidth reservation in ad hoc networks:
>
> First, back up one level of abstraction:
> 	- at layer 3, QoS control is primarily a priority queuing issue.
> 	- at layer 2, QoS control is a media access issue.  How does a
> station,
> in a shared media, get priority access (permission to transmit) when it
> is in possession of urgent packets?
>>
>> Some MAC layer protocol that supports QoS (such as ieee802.11e) is 
>> using
>> Traffic Categories (different priority queues) to implement priority
>> differentiation. But this is just at one node, I mean it
>> doesn't consider the case of shared bandwidth, right?
>
> The Traffic Categories only identify urgent packets; still begs the
> question of how you get priority access.
>
> In contention queues like all the .11 variants, you have no access
> control that can handle the QoS needs.  All stations with traffic to
> send compete, using a carrier sense algorithm to take turns.  This,
> while better than nothing, has several shortcomings:
> 	- no way to handle more-equal pigs, as you pointed out
> 	- poorly equipped to handle silent hosts.  Wired ethernet (802.3)
> MAC
> works on the assumption that everybody can hear everybody else.  802.11
> stretches that but lives with the same assumption.  In a radio-WAN, we
> have to trade that assumption in for one where all leaf nodes can hear
> the base station but not necessarily each other.  Which drives you to
> polling or scheduling MAC algorithms.  Both of these approaches can
> handle priority access if designed properly.
> 	- carrier sense algorithms trade off bandwidth efficiency for other
> qos
> parameters (interactivity, low latency ... and simplicity of design).
>
>> Considering
>> the characteristics of wireless networks, the bandwidth at a node is
>> actually shared by its neighboring nodes since the node can not send
>> packets to its neighbor if the neighboring node is also transmitting
>> or receiving from another node. IEEE802.11e doesn't consider this 
>> case,
>> right? or it doesn't need to?
>
> .11 standards took a very large step forward -- we got vendor
> interoperability and the prices for the gear went way down compared to
> pre-802.11 wireless LAN equipment (got some of that in lab and it was
> comparatively pricey).  But we didn't get
> 	- bandwidth efficient MAC algorithm
> 	- decent security (the MAC addresses remain uncovered with WEP)
> 	- QoS controls -- which you cannot with a carrier sense algorithm in
> any real sense.
> 	- layer 2 multicast
>
> You might want to look at the 802.16 (aka WiMax) standards which, IMHO,
> represent the next generation and fix a good deal of these problems.
> The MAC is a dual-queue reservation protocol and that does afford some
> QoS control at layer 2.
>>
>> I'd appreciate it if someone could clarify this to me!
>>
>> Bin Lu
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> manet mailing list
>> manet@ietf.org
>> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> -- 
> b
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>


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Subject: [manet] OLSR and IP Addresses
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I have a question about how to assign IP addresses when using OLSR.

Section 11.1 of RFC 3626 says:
The nodes in the MANET network SHOULD be assigned addresses within a defined
address sequence, i.e., the nodes in the MANET SHOULD be addressable through
a network address and a netmask. 

Since the OLSR routing protocol messages contain only IP addresses and not
subnet masks, it seems like this is implying that all IP addresses in the
OLSR
MANET should be on the same IP subnet.  Is this the case?

If so, this seems like a limitation in OLSR that is not present in other
protocols
such as AODV.  The AODV RFC says it was designed for use by mobile nodes
with IP addresses that are not necessarily related to each other.

Can someone please provide some clarification on these points?

Thanks,

Richard Herron
L-3 Communications



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From: Thomas Heide Clausen <ietflists@free.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR and IP Addresses
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Richard,

Thanks for your interrest in OLSR.

On Thu, 11 Mar 2004 17:33:34 -0700
richard.r.herron@L-3com.com wrote:

> 
> I have a question about how to assign IP addresses when using OLSR.
> 
> Section 11.1 of RFC 3626 says:
> The nodes in the MANET network SHOULD be assigned addresses within a
> defined address sequence, i.e., the nodes in the MANET SHOULD be
> addressable through a network address and a netmask. 
> 
> Since the OLSR routing protocol messages contain only IP addresses and
> not subnet masks, it seems like this is implying that all IP addresses in
> the OLSR
> MANET should be on the same IP subnet.  Is this the case?

Nope. Each node must have an IP-address, however there are no requirements
as to how these addresses are assigned within the OLSR network. You may
have nodes from different "IP subnet" in the same OLSR manet -- it makes no
difference as to how the routing protocol routes. For all OLSR is
concirned, an IP address is an IP address -- always.

The condition from section 11.1 (which is a SHOULD, btw., not a MUST) comes
from the simple fact that if you want to advertice routes from the OLSR
manet into another routing domain, then it is smart to be able to address
the entire manet as a "chunk" -- to aggregate the node addresses by means
of a subnet. However this is a real issue only at the time when you want to
inject routes to manet nodes into an external network. This is similar to
the way aggregation is done by other prevailing internet routing protocols.

> 
> If so, this seems like a limitation in OLSR that is not present in other
> protocols
> such as AODV.  The AODV RFC says it was designed for use by mobile nodes
> with IP addresses that are not necessarily related to each other.
> 

AODV and OLSR works identically wrt. requirements address assignment within
the manet. There is no difference on this point.

I hope this answers your question?

Regards,

--thomas

> Can someone please provide some clarification on these points?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Richard Herron
> L-3 Communications

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Date: Fri, 12 Mar 2004 11:22:16 +0100
From: Frank Kargl <frank.kargl@informatik.uni-ulm.de>
Organization: University of Ulm
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Subject: [manet] CfP: 2nd German Workshop on Mobile Ad-hoc Networks
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Dear all ...

from 22. to 24. Sept. 2004 we will organize the 2nd German Workshop on 
Mobile Ad-hoc Networks in Ulm, Germany. You can find all details in the 
CfP at:

http://www.informatik2004.de/fileadmin/dateien_redaktion/CfP-adhoc-de.pdf
(german version)
http://www.informatik2004.de/fileadmin/dateien_redaktion/CfP-adhoc-en.pdf
(english version)

Regards ... Frank

-- 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Dr.rer.nat. Frank Kargl
  Dep. of Multimedia Computing, University of Ulm, Germany
  http://medien.informatik.uni-ulm.de/~frank/
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Use the SOURCE, Luke !  I feel a great disturbance in the SOURCE.
             But beware of the Microsoft side of the SOURCE !


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From: Krishna Prabhala <krisp@netlab.uky.edu>
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR and IP Addresses
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Thomas,

Still, I am not very clear.  If nodes belonging to any subnet can be in a
MANET, how is that the MANET prefix for auto-configuration is being fixed
at 169.254/16? (for route aggregation?)  What about if nodes having an IP
address outside this range move into a MANET?  Will their old IP
addresses be changed to be within 169.254/16?

Also, how can route aggregation be guaranteed in a MANET wherein nodes
have IP addresses belonging to different subnets?

Thanks,
Krishna.


On Fri, 12 Mar 2004, Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:

- Richard,
-
- Thanks for your interrest in OLSR.
-
- On Thu, 11 Mar 2004 17:33:34 -0700
- richard.r.herron@L-3com.com wrote:
-
- >
- > I have a question about how to assign IP addresses when using OLSR.
- >
- > Section 11.1 of RFC 3626 says:
- > The nodes in the MANET network SHOULD be assigned addresses within a
- > defined address sequence, i.e., the nodes in the MANET SHOULD be
- > addressable through a network address and a netmask.
- >
- > Since the OLSR routing protocol messages contain only IP addresses and
- > not subnet masks, it seems like this is implying that all IP addresses in
- > the OLSR
- > MANET should be on the same IP subnet.  Is this the case?
-
- Nope. Each node must have an IP-address, however there are no requirements
- as to how these addresses are assigned within the OLSR network. You may
- have nodes from different "IP subnet" in the same OLSR manet -- it makes no
- difference as to how the routing protocol routes. For all OLSR is
- concirned, an IP address is an IP address -- always.
-
- The condition from section 11.1 (which is a SHOULD, btw., not a MUST) comes
- from the simple fact that if you want to advertice routes from the OLSR
- manet into another routing domain, then it is smart to be able to address
- the entire manet as a "chunk" -- to aggregate the node addresses by means
- of a subnet. However this is a real issue only at the time when you want to
- inject routes to manet nodes into an external network. This is similar to
- the way aggregation is done by other prevailing internet routing protocols.
-
- >
- > If so, this seems like a limitation in OLSR that is not present in other
- > protocols
- > such as AODV.  The AODV RFC says it was designed for use by mobile nodes
- > with IP addresses that are not necessarily related to each other.
- >
-
- AODV and OLSR works identically wrt. requirements address assignment within
- the manet. There is no difference on this point.
-
- I hope this answers your question?
-
- Regards,
-
- --thomas
-
- > Can someone please provide some clarification on these points?
- >
- > Thanks,
- >
- > Richard Herron
- > L-3 Communications
-
- _______________________________________________
- manet mailing list
- manet@ietf.org
- https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
-



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From: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
To: "Ram Ramanathan" <ramanath@bbn.com>,
        "Chi-Hsiang Yeh" <chi-hsiang.yeh@ece.queensu.ca>
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Subject: Re: [manet] question about bandwidth reservation
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Ram,

One problem of multihop networks versus bandwidth reservation is that out of
range links interfer (hidden nodes, interference area larger than data
reception area, etc). As far as we know this greatly complicates bandwidth
reservation since reservation affects links and nodes that are not involved
in the path of data. This should fairly reduce the efficiency of local
priorities use. In fact it can be proven that finding a good route for
bandwidth that does not downgrade the bandwidth of existing connections is
NP hard (http://www.inria.fr/rrrt/rr-4876.html ). The result is fairly
independent on the MAC layer.

Philippe
----- Original Message -----
From: Ram Ramanathan <ramanath@bbn.com>
To: Chi-Hsiang Yeh <chi-hsiang.yeh@ece.queensu.ca>
Cc: 'Rex Buddenberg' <budden@nps.navy.mil>; <manet@ietf.org>; 'Bin Lu'
<b0l4549@cs.tamu.edu>
Sent: Thursday, March 11, 2004 6:24 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] question about bandwidth reservation


>
> On Mar 10, 2004, at 7:55 PM, Chi-Hsiang Yeh wrote:
>
> > Hi,
> >
> > At layer 3, QoS control is also a routing issue.
> >
> > IEEE 802.11e employs different persistent factors (PF) for different
> > traffic
> > categories. A higher-priority class has a smaller PF so that its
> > contention
> > window (CW) and thus typical backoff times grow slower. Moreover, a
> > higher-priority class has a smaller AIFS required for sensing the
> > carrier,
> > and thus has a better chance for access of the channel. Based on these
> > two
> > mechanisms, 802.11e can differentiate the delay and bandwidth for
> > different
> > traffic classes among nodes, not just within a node.
> >
> > The problem with IEEE 802.11e for MANET is that its differentiation
> > capability is not effective in multihop wireless networking
> > environments
> > (though 802.11e is fine for QoS provisioning in single-hop wireless
> > LANs).
> > There have been several effective differentiation mechanisms proposed
> > for ad
> > hoc networks though.
> >
>
> Why is it not effective in multihop networking? If the idea is that
> lower priority packets get to wait longer and higher priority are quick
> out of the gate, why should it be affected by single/multihop?
>
> Not arguing a case, just would be interested in a clarification.
>
> Any papers on the subject of 802.11e-like things for ad hoc nets? Any
> paper that summarizes 802.11e?
>
> -Ram.
>
> > IEEE 802.16 is not appropriate for MANET.
> >
> > Chihsiang
> > ___________________________________________________________
> > Chi-Hsiang Yeh (Mr./Dr./Prof.)
> > Dept. of Electrical & Computer Eng.
> > Queen's University
> > Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6
> > Canada
> >
> > phone:  +1 613-533-6368
> > fax:    +1 613-533-6615
> >
> > e-mail: chi-hsiang.yeh@ece.queensu.ca , yeh@ee.queensu.ca
> > URL:    http://www.ece.queensu.ca/hpages/faculty/yeh/
> > ___________________________________________________________
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> > Rex
> > Buddenberg
> > Sent: Wednesday, March 10, 2004 1:11 PM
> > To: Bin Lu
> > Cc: manet@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [manet] question about bandwidth reservation
> >
> > On Wed, 2004-03-10 at 09:12, Bin Lu wrote:
> >> Hi,
> >>
> >> I have a question on bandwidth reservation in ad hoc networks:
> >
> > First, back up one level of abstraction:
> > - at layer 3, QoS control is primarily a priority queuing issue.
> > - at layer 2, QoS control is a media access issue.  How does a
> > station,
> > in a shared media, get priority access (permission to transmit) when it
> > is in possession of urgent packets?
> >>
> >> Some MAC layer protocol that supports QoS (such as ieee802.11e) is
> >> using
> >> Traffic Categories (different priority queues) to implement priority
> >> differentiation. But this is just at one node, I mean it
> >> doesn't consider the case of shared bandwidth, right?
> >
> > The Traffic Categories only identify urgent packets; still begs the
> > question of how you get priority access.
> >
> > In contention queues like all the .11 variants, you have no access
> > control that can handle the QoS needs.  All stations with traffic to
> > send compete, using a carrier sense algorithm to take turns.  This,
> > while better than nothing, has several shortcomings:
> > - no way to handle more-equal pigs, as you pointed out
> > - poorly equipped to handle silent hosts.  Wired ethernet (802.3)
> > MAC
> > works on the assumption that everybody can hear everybody else.  802.11
> > stretches that but lives with the same assumption.  In a radio-WAN, we
> > have to trade that assumption in for one where all leaf nodes can hear
> > the base station but not necessarily each other.  Which drives you to
> > polling or scheduling MAC algorithms.  Both of these approaches can
> > handle priority access if designed properly.
> > - carrier sense algorithms trade off bandwidth efficiency for other
> > qos
> > parameters (interactivity, low latency ... and simplicity of design).
> >
> >> Considering
> >> the characteristics of wireless networks, the bandwidth at a node is
> >> actually shared by its neighboring nodes since the node can not send
> >> packets to its neighbor if the neighboring node is also transmitting
> >> or receiving from another node. IEEE802.11e doesn't consider this
> >> case,
> >> right? or it doesn't need to?
> >
> > .11 standards took a very large step forward -- we got vendor
> > interoperability and the prices for the gear went way down compared to
> > pre-802.11 wireless LAN equipment (got some of that in lab and it was
> > comparatively pricey).  But we didn't get
> > - bandwidth efficient MAC algorithm
> > - decent security (the MAC addresses remain uncovered with WEP)
> > - QoS controls -- which you cannot with a carrier sense algorithm in
> > any real sense.
> > - layer 2 multicast
> >
> > You might want to look at the 802.16 (aka WiMax) standards which, IMHO,
> > represent the next generation and fix a good deal of these problems.
> > The MAC is a dual-queue reservation protocol and that does afford some
> > QoS control at layer 2.
> >>
> >> I'd appreciate it if someone could clarify this to me!
> >>
> >> Bin Lu
> >>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> manet mailing list
> >> manet@ietf.org
> >> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> > --
> > b
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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Date: Fri, 12 Mar 2004 16:49:58 +0100
From: Thomas Heide Clausen <T.Clausen@computer.org>
To: Krishna Prabhala <krisp@netlab.uky.edu>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR and IP Addresses
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Krishna,

These are very good questions. They are not specific to OLSR, but apply
equally to all MANET routing protocols (or, indeed, to the MANET domain in
general).

Your question, as I understand it, addresses basically two issues:

	- how do we do auto-configuration in MANETs;
	- how do we do route aggregation in MANETs.

There have been a number of drafts regarding the issue of
autoconfiguration, and some discussion on this topic at the last MANET
meeting in Seoul. Regarding the second issue, I believe that this hasn't
been fully explored, however one could envision employing mobile IP (or
similar solutions) to accomodate "forigen nodes" in a manet. This really
concerns how MANETs play into the larger Internet infrastructure, and
should probably be addressed.

It would be interresting to discuss these issues, however as I've stated,
they apply equally to all MANET routing protocols.

Regards,

--thomas



On Fri, 12 Mar 2004 09:17:47 -0500 (EST)
Krishna Prabhala <krisp@netlab.uky.edu> wrote:

> Thomas,
> 
> Still, I am not very clear.  If nodes belonging to any subnet can be in a
> MANET, how is that the MANET prefix for auto-configuration is being fixed
> at 169.254/16? (for route aggregation?)  What about if nodes having an IP
> address outside this range move into a MANET?  Will their old IP
> addresses be changed to be within 169.254/16?
> 
> Also, how can route aggregation be guaranteed in a MANET wherein nodes
> have IP addresses belonging to different subnets?
> 
> Thanks,
> Krishna.
> 
> 
> On Fri, 12 Mar 2004, Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
> 
> - Richard,
> -
> - Thanks for your interrest in OLSR.
> -
> - On Thu, 11 Mar 2004 17:33:34 -0700
> - richard.r.herron@L-3com.com wrote:
> -
> - >
> - > I have a question about how to assign IP addresses when using OLSR.
> - >
> - > Section 11.1 of RFC 3626 says:
> - > The nodes in the MANET network SHOULD be assigned addresses within a
> - > defined address sequence, i.e., the nodes in the MANET SHOULD be
> - > addressable through a network address and a netmask.
> - >
> - > Since the OLSR routing protocol messages contain only IP addresses
> and- > not subnet masks, it seems like this is implying that all IP
> addresses in- > the OLSR
> - > MANET should be on the same IP subnet.  Is this the case?
> -
> - Nope. Each node must have an IP-address, however there are no
> requirements- as to how these addresses are assigned within the OLSR
> network. You may- have nodes from different "IP subnet" in the same OLSR
> manet -- it makes no- difference as to how the routing protocol routes.
> For all OLSR is- concirned, an IP address is an IP address -- always.
> -
> - The condition from section 11.1 (which is a SHOULD, btw., not a MUST)
> comes- from the simple fact that if you want to advertice routes from the
> OLSR- manet into another routing domain, then it is smart to be able to
> address- the entire manet as a "chunk" -- to aggregate the node addresses
> by means- of a subnet. However this is a real issue only at the time when
> you want to- inject routes to manet nodes into an external network. This
> is similar to- the way aggregation is done by other prevailing internet
> routing protocols.-
> - >
> - > If so, this seems like a limitation in OLSR that is not present in
> other- > protocols
> - > such as AODV.  The AODV RFC says it was designed for use by mobile
> nodes- > with IP addresses that are not necessarily related to each
> other.- >
> -
> - AODV and OLSR works identically wrt. requirements address assignment
> within- the manet. There is no difference on this point.
> -
> - I hope this answers your question?
> -
> - Regards,
> -
> - --thomas
> -
> - > Can someone please provide some clarification on these points?
> - >
> - > Thanks,
> - >
> - > Richard Herron
> - > L-3 Communications
> -

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Subject: [manet] OLSR MID messages
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Hi,
=20
I am styduying the OLSR implementations and RFC. I couldn't understand fr=
om the RFC, how does the communication starts in a network.=20
=20
My understanding is:=20
- every node that has multiple interfaces sends out MID messages (full bo=
radcast),=20
- each node also sends out Hello message (with no addresses in Data part)
- nodes receving these packets create various sets/tuples.
=20
My question is, do we need to send MID messages periodically like Hellos =
or TC messages ? Since RFC suggests MID_INTERVAL =3D TC_INTERVAL and both=
 are network wide broadcast, what is the need of so frequent MIDs.
=20
Thanks in advance.
-MU




---------------------------------
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Search - Find what you=92re looking for faster.
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<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>Hi,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I am styduying the OLSR implementations and RFC. I couldn't understa=
nd from the RFC, how does the communication starts in a network. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>My understanding is: </DIV>
<DIV>- every node that has multiple interfaces sends out MID messages (fu=
ll boradcast), </DIV>
<DIV>- each node also sends out Hello message (with no addresses in Data =
part)</DIV>
<DIV>- nodes receving these packets create various sets/tuples.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>My question is, do we need to send MID messages periodically like He=
llos or TC messages ? Since RFC suggests MID_INTERVAL =3D TC_INTERVAL and=
 both are&nbsp;network wide&nbsp;broadcast, what is the need of so freque=
nt MIDs.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks in advance.</DIV>
<DIV>-MU</DIV></DIV></DIV><p><hr SIZE=3D1>
Do you Yahoo!?<br>
Yahoo! Search - <a href=3D"http://search.yahoo.com/?fr=3Dad-mailsig-home"=
>Find what you=92re looking for faster.</a>
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Date: Fri, 12 Mar 2004 17:36:06 +0100
From: Thomas Heide Clausen <T.Clausen@computer.org>
To: manet user <manet_user@yahoo.com>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR MID messages
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On Fri, 12 Mar 2004 08:05:21 -0800 (PST)
manet user <manet_user@yahoo.com> wrote:

> Hi,
>  
> I am styduying the OLSR implementations and RFC. I couldn't understand
> from the RFC, how does the communication starts in a network. 
>  
> My understanding is: 
> - every node that has multiple interfaces sends out MID messages (full
> boradcast), - each node also sends out Hello message (with no addresses
> in Data part)- nodes receving these packets create various sets/tuples.
>  
> My question is, do we need to send MID messages periodically like Hellos
> or TC messages ? Since RFC suggests MID_INTERVAL = TC_INTERVAL and both
> are network wide broadcast, what is the need of so frequent MIDs.
>  
> Thanks in advance.
> -MU

Hello,

Thanks for your interrest in OLSR.

It helps to think about it this way: an MID message is what is used to
associate "interfaces" with "nodes". I.e. the link sensing part of OLSR
detects links between interfaces -- the MID messages associate these
interfaces (and thereby links) to the notion of a "node" -- with a node
being the entities we're concirned about creating routes between in the
MANET.

The periodicity of MID messages is basically due to two things: first,
nodes may actually change their interface associations over time (e.g., a
node may decide that a given interface no longer is to be used for MANET
routing), thus interface association information must be able to expire;
second, new nodes may appear in the network at any time, thus the interface
association must be made available periodically to ensure that such "new"
nodes have the required information.

Hope this helps,

--thomas

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Subject: [manet] CfP: 1st European Workshop on Security in Ad-Hoc and Sensor
 Networks (ESAS 2004)
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1st European Workshop on Security in Ad-Hoc and Sensor Networks (ESAS 2004)

5-6 August, 2004
EURESCOM, Heidelberg, Germany
Technically co-sponsored by COMSOC Germany Chapter

The Keynote speech will be given by Jean-Pierre Hubaux from the EPFL, 
Switzerland.

General Information

With more and more devices getting smart and interconnected, ad hoc and 
sensor networks will open up a realm of new communication and data exchange 
opportunities. These upcoming networks are characterized by their dynamic 
structure, lack of a pre-established fixed infrastructure, and constrained 
resources. In order to allow their successful deployment, various security 
challenges must be met. Examples include missing `a priori' security 
associations, no clear line of defense, the lack of a trusted 
infrastructure, complex multiple domain relationships, as well as 
bandwidth, computing, memory and energy constraints. Due to the pervasive 
nature of applications relying on ad-hoc and sensor networks effective 
provisions for robust security solutions in a reliable and power efficient 
way must be taken.

This workshop seeks submissions presenting novel research on all aspects of 
security and cryptography for ad-hoc and sensor networks. ESAS 2004 will be 
a workshop where the cryptography, security and wireless networking 
communities meet. Submission of papers based on work-in-progress is encouraged.

The topics include but are not limited to:

Cryptographic protocols
Trust establishment, negotiation, and management
Security in constrained environments
Cooperation and fairness based protocols
Key management
Scalability evaluation of secure and reliable protocols
Secure routing
Secure hardware modules
Implementations of secure protocols
Deployment of secure protocols
Privacy and anonymity
Secure MAC protocols

Instructions for Authors

Authors are invited to submit original papers. The preferred submission 
form is by electronic mail to Claude.Castelluccia@inrialpes.fr . The 
submissions must not exceed 10 pages (excluding the title page, 
bibliography and appendices) nor 12 pages overall. The final version should 
not exceed 15 pages. Please submit the paper in Postscript or PDF, together 
with an extra file containing the email and physical address of the 
authors, an indication of the corresponding author and a copy of the title, 
key words and abstract. We recommend that you generate the PS or PDF file 
using LaTeX and the LNCS style available at www.springer.de/comp/lncs. All 
submissions will be refereed. Submissions must not substantially duplicate 
work that any of the authors have published elsewhere or have submitted in 
parallel.
The workshop will also include a poster and demonstrator session. 
Submissions will include a 2-page summary as well as a rough draft of the 
poster.

Important Dates

Submission Deadline:
15th March, 2004 [Extended to 22th March 2004]

Acceptance Notifications:
30th April, 2004

Final Version due:
1st June, 2004

Workshop:
5th-6th August, 2004

Proceedings Version Deadline:
6th September, 2004

Mailing List
If you want to receive subsequent Call for Papers and registration 
information, please send a brief mail to majordomo@netlab.nec.de and in the 
mail body write "subscribe esasworkshop".

Registration
Registration is available now! All session will be held at EURESCOM.

Workshop Organizers
Claude Castelluccia, INRIA, France (Claude.Castelluccia@inrialpes.fr)
Hannes Hartenstein, University of Karlsruhe, Germany 
(hannes.hartenstein@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de)
Christof Paar, University of Bochum, Germany (cpaar@crypto-ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
Dirk Westhoff, NEC Network Labs Heidelberg, Germany 
(dirk.westhoff@netlab.nec.de)

Program Committee

N. Asokan, Nokia, Finland
Levente Buttyan, BME-HIT, Hungary
Sonja Buchegger, EPFL, Switzerland
Claude Castelluccia, INRIA, France
Claudia Eckert, TU Darmstadt, Germany
Hannes Hartenstein, University of Karlsruhe, Germany
Stefan Lucks, University of Mannheim, Germany
Refik Molva, Eurecom, France
Gabriel Montenegro, SunLabs, France
Pekka Nikander, Ericsson, Finland
Christof Paar, University of Bochum, Germany
Panagiotis Papadimitratos, Cornell University, USA
Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi, University of Bochum, Germany
Frank Stajano, University of Cambridge, UK
Gene Tsudik, UC Irvine, USA
Andre Weimerskirch, University of Bochum, Germany
Nathalie Weiler, ETH Zuerich, Switzerland
Dirk Westhoff, NEC Europe Ltd., Germany
Susanne Wetzel, Stevens Institute of Technology, USA
Manel Guerrero Zapata, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain

Workshop Proceedings

The Proceedings will be published by Springer after the Workshop in the 
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) Series 
(www.springer.de/comp/lncs). Notice that in order to be included in the 
proceedings, the authors of an accepted paper must guarantee to present 
their contribution at the workshop.

Further Workshop Information

Dirk Westhoff
NEC Europe Ltd.
Kurfuersten-Anlage 36
D-69115 Heidelberg
Germany
Phone: +49/(0)6221/90511-49
Fax: +49/(0)6221/90511-55
Email: dirk.westhoff@netlab.nec.de

Technically co-sponsored by IEEE Communications Society, Germany Chapter
Supported by Inria
Supported by Cosy Group
Supported by DSN Group
Supported by NL-E
Proceedings published as Springer LNCS


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Subject: [manet] AODV IPv6
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--0-1224288445-1079128399=:89637
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Hi,
=20
If i need to support AODV (currently running for IPv4) for IPv6, i MUST c=
hange the control packet (RREQ, RREP) structures according to draft-perki=
ns-manet-aodv6-01.txt ?=20
=20
Just making the source, destination IP addresses larger will surely affec=
t the allignment. It seems implemention of "Flood Data Option" is optiona=
l and will not affect the normal AODV functionalities ? Please correct if=
 i am wrong.
=20
Thanks in advance,
-MU


---------------------------------
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Search - Find what you=92re looking for faster.
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<DIV>Hi,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>If i need to support AODV (currently running for IPv4)&nbsp;for IPv6=
, i MUST change the control packet (RREQ, RREP)&nbsp;structures according=
 to draft-perkins-manet-aodv6-01.txt ? </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Just making the source, destination IP addresses larger will surely =
affect the allignment. It seems implemention of "Flood Data Option" is op=
tional and will not affect the normal AODV functionalities ? Please corre=
ct if i am wrong.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks in advance,</DIV>
<DIV>-MU</DIV><p><hr SIZE=3D1>
Do you Yahoo!?<br>
Yahoo! Search - <a href=3D"http://search.yahoo.com/?fr=3Dad-mailsig-home"=
>Find what you=92re looking for faster.</a>
--0-1224288445-1079128399=:89637--

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Folks-

 Could the person that took the minutes at the meeting please send
 them to me and the WG chairs?
 Thank you.

-- 
Alex
http://www.psg.com/~zinin/


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Hi all,

Can anyone provide some useful links for 802.11n technical information?  =
Do they have a maillist for it?

Thansk,
-min
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi all,</FONT></DIV>
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technical information?&nbsp; Do they have a maillist for =
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
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Hi everybody,

    I am trying to test NIST's Kernel AODV implementation on my wireless
testbed. I have successfully poured the code into my wireless testbed.
However, we are not quit sure on how to test the performance of this routing
protocol. I have tried NFS (Network File Sharing) and SCP (remote command)
in Linux to send file to destination node through intermediate nodes, but it
seems these two functions do not work with AODV. Is there any better
suggestion to send file or create video conferencing to other nodes and
using AODV protocol?  What I am trying to do is to test the performance of
AODV by generating some control traffic. Any help would be greatly
appreciated. Thank you

Sincerely,
Jack Chan
----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Bin Lu" <b0l4549@cs.tamu.edu>
To: "Ram Ramanathan" <ramanath@bbn.com>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, March 12, 2004 3:45 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] question about bandwidth reservation


>
> >
> > Any papers on the subject of 802.11e-like things for ad hoc nets? Any
> > paper that summarizes 802.11e?
> >
>
> Here is a paper that gives an overview of the new features of IEEE
> 802.11e:
>
> "IEEE 802.11e Wireless LAN for Quality of Service", Stefan Mangold etc.,
> http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/537394.html
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>

_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Mar 15 05:34:54 2004
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Date: Mon, 15 Mar 2004 11:13:58 +0100 (MET)
From: Christian Tschudin <Christian.Tschudin@unibas.ch>
To: manet@ietf.org
cc: evgeny.osipov@unibas.ch, rmg@docs.uu.se, Oskar Wibling <oskarw@it.uu.se>,
        Olof Rensfelt <olof.rensfelt.4113@student.uu.se>
Subject: [manet] Internet Draft for LUNAR -00
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LUNAR and its implementation was first announced on this
list on Dec 6, 2001, more than two years ago. Now there
is an Internet Draft:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tschudin-manet-lunar-00.txt

Abstract:

The Lightweight Underlay Network Ad hoc Routing (LUNAR)
Protocol is intended for use by mobile nodes in small size
wireless ad hoc networks. LUNAR operates at layer 2.5. It
emulates a single-hop IP subnet with unicast as well as
broadcast communication primitives. DHCP and ARP messages
are intercepted and serve as hooks for self-configuration
of IP addresses as well as the mapping of IP addresses to
the underlying layer 2.5 multihop routes.


LUNAR's Roadmap:

My goal is to complete this ID within one year such that
we have:

- a single document

- not more than 30 pages

- which contains *all* info (e.g., including WiFi settings)
  needed for producing a self-configuring implementation
  that works out of the box.

LUNAR shall become a pragmatic ad hoc routing solution that
is simple and small in every way: specs, implementation and
operation.

Looking forward to reading your comments!

Best, christian.


PS: Sources (lnx, win, ns2) will be released in three weeks.

ACK: Richard Gold, Evgeny Osipov, Olof Rensfelt, David Rosen
  and Oskar Wibling have substantially contributed to LUNAR.

---
Christian Tschudin, University of Basel       http://cn.cs.unibas.ch/
Computer Science Dept, Bernoullistr. 16, CH - 4056 Basel, Switzerland

_______________________________________________
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From: DANIEL BYRNE <daniel.byrne@adtran.com>
To: "'Christian Tschudin'" <Christian.Tschudin@unibas.ch>, manet@ietf.org
Cc: evgeny.osipov@unibas.ch, rmg@docs.uu.se, Oskar Wibling
	 <oskarw@it.uu.se>,
        Olof Rensfelt <olof.rensfelt.4113@student.uu.se>
Subject: RE: [manet] Internet Draft for LUNAR -00
Date: Mon, 15 Mar 2004 09:27:53 -0600
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The document has so far been indispensible in our work.  However, my collegue has a foggy view of how the RREP messages work.  He suggests that you provide a RREP example just like you provided a RREQ example in the internet draft text.

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of
Christian Tschudin
Sent: Monday, March 15, 2004 4:14 AM
To: manet@ietf.org
Cc: evgeny.osipov@unibas.ch; rmg@docs.uu.se; Oskar Wibling; Olof
Rensfelt
Subject: [manet] Internet Draft for LUNAR -00


LUNAR and its implementation was first announced on this
list on Dec 6, 2001, more than two years ago. Now there
is an Internet Draft:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-tschudin-manet-lunar-00.txt

Abstract:

The Lightweight Underlay Network Ad hoc Routing (LUNAR)
Protocol is intended for use by mobile nodes in small size
wireless ad hoc networks. LUNAR operates at layer 2.5. It
emulates a single-hop IP subnet with unicast as well as
broadcast communication primitives. DHCP and ARP messages
are intercepted and serve as hooks for self-configuration
of IP addresses as well as the mapping of IP addresses to
the underlying layer 2.5 multihop routes.


LUNAR's Roadmap:

My goal is to complete this ID within one year such that
we have:

- a single document

- not more than 30 pages

- which contains *all* info (e.g., including WiFi settings)
  needed for producing a self-configuring implementation
  that works out of the box.

LUNAR shall become a pragmatic ad hoc routing solution that
is simple and small in every way: specs, implementation and
operation.

Looking forward to reading your comments!

Best, christian.


PS: Sources (lnx, win, ns2) will be released in three weeks.

ACK: Richard Gold, Evgeny Osipov, Olof Rensfelt, David Rosen
  and Oskar Wibling have substantially contributed to LUNAR.

---
Christian Tschudin, University of Basel       http://cn.cs.unibas.ch/
Computer Science Dept, Bernoullistr. 16, CH - 4056 Basel, Switzerland

_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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From: DANIEL BYRNE <daniel.byrne@adtran.com>
To: "'manet@ietf.org'" <manet@ietf.org>,
        "Christian Tschudin (E-mail)"
	 <Christian.Tschudin@unibas.ch>
Subject: FW: [manet] LUNAR
Date: Mon, 15 Mar 2004 13:57:31 -0600
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How is the data path created from the node that initiates the RREQ packet to
the target node that initiates the RREP packet?  Conceptually, I think I
understand that the RREP packet contains the necessary information to do
this, but I haven't made the connection yet.  Would it be possible to get an
example similar to the one given for a RREQ along with how the link is made?

Also, in step 0.a and step 1.e the statement "Allocate an unused "receiver
chosen" selector S...". Should the statement in 1.e be a new receiver chosen
selector S'?

Thanks

-----Original Message-----
From: DANIEL BYRNE 
Sent: Friday, March 12, 2004 6:05 PM
To: 'Christian Tschudin'
Cc: GEAN JOHNSON
Subject: RE: [manet] LUNAR


Our goal is to develop a hardware implementation of LUNAR.  We are writing
VHDL to be loaded initially on an FPGA to achieve this goal; although, we
have only just started the work.  We are trying to decipher the published C
code and the spec, but we have run into a few questions regarding the
wording of the LUNAR document and the software implementation.  Specifically
it is unclear how reply messages are handled, and how XRP is used to setup
dynamic links?  How does the orgininating node know when the path has been
completed?  etc. A document describing message formats would be fabulous.
Also, any informative documents on XRP and LUNAR in general would help us to
get started on the right path.

Thanks in advance for your help.

Daniel Byrne and Gean Johnson

	

-----Original Message-----
From: Christian Tschudin [mailto:Christian.Tschudin@unibas.ch]
Sent: Tuesday, February 24, 2004 9:27 AM
To: DANIEL BYRNE
Cc: 'Evgeny Osipov'
Subject: RE: [manet] LUNAR


Dear Daniel,

Evgeny forwarded your email to me and I'm delighted: Having a
an independent implementation of LUNAR is very useful and makes
a big difference! What are your plans with LUNAR?

I would like to quickly sketch our strategy and would be interested
to learn your views:


a) We have been working during the last year on a second version
   of LUNAR which

   - runs in Linux kernel space (2.4.x)

   - is ported to Windows
     (as an intermediate driver, identical code for protocol logic)

   - is ported to ns-2 (identical code for protocol logic)

   Now we are close to finalizing the package for public distribution.
   (There is also a version for Bluetooth, but it's more a hack, so
   it will probably not be included).


b) During this process we:

   - changed the XRP message format, which is now much easier
     to parse and generate

   - added a slight optimization to the protocol logic
     (setting up a bidirectional tunnel right away)


One thing I hope for is that we could coordinate the message
formats. It would be great if we envisaged inter-op tests between
the two LUNAR implementations, which is very helpful for ironing out
bugs.

Adopting the new message format should not be a big issue.
We would be very willing to share the spec and current code even
before we release the package to the public, so you don't incur
any delay.

Simulation results (which look good and competitive!) will be
available too, of course.

Kind regards, christian tschudin.

---
Christian Tschudin, University of Basel       http://cn.cs.unibas.ch/
Computer Science Dept, Bernoullistr. 16, CH - 4056 Basel, Switzerland


On Fri, 20 Feb 2004, DANIEL BYRNE wrote:

> We are developing a LUNAR implementation, not simulation, that is
> currently scheduled for beta release in 2 months.  This is not a
> simulation implementation, however.  I'd be interested in any data you'd
> be willing to share.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Daniel

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hello,everyone
     I am a student.I want to study clutering in mobile ad hoc networks,b=
ut=20
i don't know how to start.Can anyone tell where i can find some papers=20
about overview of the clustering?

   Thank you!
                                                            Zong Ming

_________________________________________________________________
=C3=E2=B7=D1=CF=C2=D4=D8 MSN Explorer:   http://explorer.msn.com/lccn =20


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Subject: Re: [manet] Clustering
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Hello Ming,

    There is a large body of work on clustering ad hoc networks.  To start
with, you can look at these:

    1.  Geng Chen, Ivan Stojmenovic.  Clustering and Routing in Mobile
Wireless Networks.  Technical Report, TR-99-05, SITE, University of
Ottawa, 1999.

    2.  Rajmohan Rajaraman, Topology Control and Routing in Ad Hoc
Networks: A Survey, SIGACT News, 33:60-73, June 2002.

    3.  Martha Steenstrup, Cluster-Based Networks, in "Ad Hoc Networking"
(ed. Charles E. Perkins), Addison-Wesley, 2001.

    4.  J. Sucec and I. Marsic, "Hierarchical routing overhead in
mobile ad hoc networks," IEEE Trans. Mobile Computing, Vol. 3, No. 1,
Jan-Feb, 2004, pp. 46-56.

    5.  Yuanzhu P. Chen and Arthur L. Liestman, A Zonal Algorithm for
Clustering Ad Hoc Networks, International Journal of Foundations of
Computer Science, 14(2):305-322, April 2003.


Cizhi,
Peter

 ------------------------------------------------
"I have not powered down. I have just rebooted."

On Tue, 16 Mar 2004, Zong Ming wrote:

> hello,everyone
>      I am a student.I want to study clutering in mobile ad hoc networks,b=
ut
> i don't know how to start.Can anyone tell where i can find some papers
> about overview of the clustering?
>
>    Thank you!
>                                                             Zong Ming
>
> _________________________________________________________________
> =C3=E2=B7=D1=CF=C2=D4=D8 MSN Explorer:   http://explorer.msn.com/lccn
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar 16 12:23:37 2004
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References: <BAY16-F7yzEfjkf50yA0000e71c@hotmail.com> <Pine.GSO.4.58.0403160852160.5903@css.css.sfu.ca>
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Subject: [manet] the TSF timer in 802.11
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Hello,

The TSF timer in 802.11 is a 64 bits counter, and it ticks every microsecond. 
This timer if set to 0 will wrap-around in approx. 590.000 years! later. 
Obviously the designers didn't want it to wrap-around. My question is, how
is this timer set initially ( to what value: 0?), when the beacons are sent the

stations will set this timer to the APs timer value or to the larger value in 
an IBSS, but what is the value initially set for this timer when the product 
comes out of factory? or when it's turn on? is the value reset when the station
is turn off and on?

Thanks

Carlos


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From: "yazeed al-sbou" <yazeed-al-sbou@maktoob.com>
To: manet@ietf.org
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Subject: [manet] Question about ECHO packets...
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 Hi all...
 Just I want to ask anout how can I measure the Round Trip Time (RTT) for a
packet. Or, I want to transmit a packet via a network (wired or wireless) and
generate an echo for that packet to be sent to the sender node to ensure that the
packet is received to use this echo to measure the RTT for my network... I s there
anyone have an idea about that?

Thanks in advance..
YOURS..


Yazeed Ahamd Al-Sbou, Research Student
School of Engineering
Sheaf Building - Room 4311,
Sheffield Hallam University,City Campus
Sheiffield, S1 1WB
Tel(university):+441142253254
Mobile 00447813402741
Yazeed.A.Al-Sbou@student.shu.ac.uk
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Date: Tue, 16 Mar 2004 15:31:58 -0600
From: David Young <dyoung@pobox.com>
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Subject: Re: [manet] the TSF timer in 802.11
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On Tue, Mar 16, 2004 at 12:19:15PM -0500, crentel@sce.carleton.ca wrote:
> The TSF timer in 802.11 is a 64 bits counter, and it ticks every
> microsecond.  This timer if set to 0 will wrap-around in approx. 590.000
> years! later.  Obviously the designers didn't want it to wrap-around. My
> question is, how is this timer set initially ( to what value: 0?),
> when the beacons are sent the
>
> stations will set this timer to the APs timer value or to the larger
> value in an IBSS, but what is the value initially set for this timer
> when the product comes out of factory? or when it's turn on? is the
> value reset when the station is turn off and on?

On the commonplace 802.11b chip by Realtek, the TSFT starts counting
from zero.  It is only necessary to turn the receive and/or transmit
circuits off and on to reset the TSFT to zero. It is not unusual for a
driver to turn those circuits off while it tunes a new channel.

I think that you can count on the fact that the TSFT will not persist
if you cycle power. I don't think any manufacturer could justify the
cost of a persistent TSFT.

Dave

-- 
David Young             OJC Technologies
dyoung@ojctech.com      Urbana, IL * (217) 278-3933

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  =20

   Thanks.It's helpful to me.


                                  Zong Ming

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----------------------------------------------------------------------
Sylwia Van den Heuvel-Romaszko
University of Antwerp (UIA)
Dept. Mathemathics and Computer Science
Performance Analysis of Telecommunication Systems
(PATS) Research Group
Middelheimlaan 1 B-2020 Antwerp
Belgium
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From: "Sylwia Van den Heuvel-Romaszko" <sylwia.romaszko@ua.ac.be>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: [manet] impact MAC layer - routing
Date: Wed, 17 Mar 2004 15:45:19 +0100
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Dear all,=20

I search papers/links about an impact MAC protocols on routing =
performance and vice versa.

Thanks,
Sylvieke=20

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Sylwia Van den Heuvel-Romaszko
University of Antwerp (UIA)
Dept. Mathemathics and Computer Science
Performance Analysis of Telecommunication Systems
(PATS) Research Group
Middelheimlaan 1 B-2020 Antwerp
Belgium
email: sylwia.romaszko@ua.ac.be
url: http://win-www.ruca.ua.ac.be/u/pats
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charset=3Diso-8859-1">
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<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Dear all, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I search papers/links about an impact =
MAC protocols=20
on routing performance and vice versa.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Sylvieke</FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>----------------------------------------------------------------=
------<BR>Sylwia=20
Van den Heuvel-Romaszko<BR>University of Antwerp (UIA)<BR>Dept. =
Mathemathics and=20
Computer Science<BR>Performance Analysis of Telecommunication =
Systems<BR>(PATS)=20
Research Group<BR>Middelheimlaan 1 B-2020 Antwerp<BR>Belgium<BR>email: =
<A=20
href=3D"mailto:sylwia.romaszko@ua.ac.be">sylwia.romaszko@ua.ac.be</A><BR>=
url: <A=20
href=3D"http://win-www.ruca.ua.ac.be/u/pats">http://win-www.ruca.ua.ac.be=
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Thread-Topic: Question regarding IPR on AODV
Thread-Index: AcQMasXxv4Tcn/bnRg28e8Z0L6GWAQ==
From: "Don Sturek" <dsturek@f8w.com>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: [manet] Question regarding IPR on AODV
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I have a question regarding specific IPR on AODV (we are specifically =
using AODV-Tiny).  Could anyone provide a pointer to a summary of IPR on =
AODV?=20
=20
Best Regards,

Don Sturek=20
Chief Technical Officer=20
Figure 8 Wireless, Inc.=20
 =20
10145 Pacific Heights Blvd., Suite 220=20
San Diego, CA  92121=20
USA=20
 =20
Tel:          +1-858-552-8500  Ext. 14=20
Mobile:     +1-619-504-3615=20
Fax:         +1-858-552-8501=20
E-mail:      dsturek@f8w.com=20
 =20
 =20

=20

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<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D819395321-17032004>I have =
a question=20
regarding specific IPR on AODV (we are specifically using =
AODV-Tiny).&nbsp;=20
Could anyone provide a pointer to a summary of IPR on=20
AODV?&nbsp;</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D819395321-17032004></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN class=3D819395321-17032004>Best=20
Regards,</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<P><B><FONT face=3DArial size=3D1>Don Sturek</FONT></B> <BR><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D1>Chief Technical Officer</FONT> <BR><B><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D1>Figure 8=20
Wireless, Inc.</FONT></B> <BR><FONT face=3DArial size=3D1>&nbsp;</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D1>10145 Pacific Heights Blvd., Suite 220</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
face=3DArial size=3D1>San Diego, CA&nbsp; 92121</FONT> <BR><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D1>USA</FONT> <BR><FONT face=3DArial size=3D1>&nbsp;</FONT> =
<BR><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D1>Tel:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
+1-858-552-8500&nbsp; Ext. 14</FONT> <BR><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D1>Mobile:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +1-619-504-3615</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
face=3DArial =
size=3D1>Fax:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
+1-858-552-8501</FONT> <BR><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D1>E-mail:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dsturek@f8w.com</FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
face=3DArial>&nbsp;</FONT> <BR><FONT face=3DArial>&nbsp;</FONT> </P>
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<P>=0Ahi<BR>=0Aiam working on intrusion detection and response for adhoc ne=
tworks.<BR>=0A<BR>=0Awhat is the probability that a node will experience li=
nk error when receiving and forwarding packets<BR>=0Ai need this to set a t=
hreshold value such that it mitigates the link error=0A</P>=0A<br><br>=0A<A=
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hi=0Aiam working on intrusion detection and response for adhoc networks.=0A=
=0Awhat is the probability that a node will experience link error when rece=
iving and forwarding packets=0Ai need this to set a threshold value such th=
at it mitigates the link error
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From: "John Mullen" <jomullen@nmsu.edu>
To: "'kani  mozhi'" <kani_11@rediffmail.com>, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] manet
Date: Thu, 18 Mar 2004 12:17:18 -0700
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Hi,
 
The answer to your question depends primarily on 1) average received
signal-to-noise ratio, 2) waveform and encoding, 3) shadowing, 4)
fading, and 5) packet size.  Average received radio S/N itself depends
mainly on frequency, the composition of the environment, terrain,
antenna gain and distance. Other factors include decisions made at the
MAC and link levels on what constitutes a reliable link.  Given the RF
complexity of a typical MANET manifestation, these parameters will
differ from place to place.  As a result, you will need some sort of
adaptive rule.
 
John Mullen

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
kani mozhi
Sent: Thursday, March 18, 2004 11:42 AM
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] manet



hi
iam working on intrusion detection and response for adhoc networks.

what is the probability that a node will experience link error when
receiving and forwarding packets
i need this to set a threshold value such that it mitigates the link
error 



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<BODY>
<DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D482430919-18032004><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2>Hi,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D482430919-18032004><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D482430919-18032004><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>The=20
answer to&nbsp;<SPAN class=3D241521519-18032004>y</SPAN>our question =
depends=20
primarily on 1) average received signal-to-noise ratio, 2) waveform and=20
encoding, 3) shadowing,&nbsp;4) fading, and 5) packet size.&nbsp; =
Average=20
received radio S/N itself depends mainly on frequency, the composition =
of the=20
environment, terrain, antenna gain and distance.&nbsp;<SPAN=20
class=3D241521519-18032004>Other factors include decisions made at the =
MAC and=20
link levels on what constitutes a reliable link.&nbsp; </SPAN>Given the =
RF=20
complexity of a typical MANET manifestation, these parameters will =
differ from=20
place to place.&nbsp; As a result, you will need some sort of adaptive=20
rule.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D482430919-18032004><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =

size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D482430919-18032004><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#0000ff =
size=3D2>John=20
Mullen</FONT></SPAN></DIV></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV></DIV>
  <DIV class=3DOutlookMessageHeader lang=3Den-us dir=3Dltr =
align=3Dleft><FONT=20
  face=3DTahoma size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B>=20
  manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] <B>On Behalf Of =
</B>kani=20
  mozhi<BR><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, March 18, 2004 11:42 AM<BR><B>To:</B>=20
  manet@ietf.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> [manet] manet<BR><BR></FONT></DIV>
  <P>hi<BR>iam working on intrusion detection and response for adhoc=20
  networks.<BR><BR>what is the probability that a node will experience =
link=20
  error when receiving and forwarding packets<BR>i need this to set a =
threshold=20
  value such that it mitigates the link error </P><BR><BR><A=20
  href=3D"http://clients.rediff.com/signature/track_sig.asp" =
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From: "Green, David B RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI" <Dave.B.Green@us.army.mil>
To: "'manet@ietf.org'" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: : [manet] manet
Date: Thu, 18 Mar 2004 15:10:18 -0500
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Kani,
    Your wireless system should decide at the PHY and MAC layer what
constitutes a good packet. There is a minimum receive threshold in the
physical layer - you can't receive a signal below that signal to noise
ratio. Also, the MAC layer generally institutes a checksum on frames to
ensure they are not damaged. Generally anything that gets up above that gets
handed to upper layers. You may be able to tap into some neighbor
information from layer 1-2 (you can in many WLANs) to see the relative
signal strength from a neighbor and determine if that neighbor is marginal
or is fading out so you can pro-actively avoid link failure. Some
experimental MANET protocols implement such a system when assigning link
weights to relays. The "forward handoff" in cellular systems uses the same
principle.

David B. Green
SRI International

RE: [manet] manet

*	To: "'kani mozhi'" <kani_11 at rediffmail.com
<mailto:kani_11@DOMAIN.HIDDEN>>, <manet at ietf.org
<mailto:manet@DOMAIN.HIDDEN>> 
*	Subject: RE: [manet] manet 
*	From: "John Mullen" <jomullen at nmsu.edu
<mailto:jomullen@DOMAIN.HIDDEN>> 
*	Date: Thu, 18 Mar 2004 12:17:18 -0700 
*	Importance: Normal 
*	In-reply-to: <20040318184139.5538.qmail@webmail26.rediffmail.com
<msg04399.html>> 
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Title: Message
Hi, 
The answer to your question depends primarily on 1) average received
signal-to-noise ratio, 2) waveform and encoding, 3) shadowing, 4) fading,
and 5) packet size. Average received radio S/N itself depends mainly on
frequency, the composition of the environment, terrain, antenna gain and
distance. Other factors include decisions made at the MAC and link levels on
what constitutes a reliable link. Given the RF complexity of a typical MANET
manifestation, these parameters will differ from place to place. As a
result, you will need some sort of adaptive rule. 
John Mullen 
-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of kani
mozhi
Sent: Thursday, March 18, 2004 11:42 AM
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] manet

hi
iam working on intrusion detection and response for adhoc networks.

what is the probability that a node will experience link error when
receiving and forwarding packets
i need this to set a threshold value such that it mitigates the link error 


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From: "Green, David B RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI" <Dave.B.Green@us.army.mil>
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Subject: [manet] Multipoint ROHC for MANET
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Has anyone in the group worked on a schema for point to multipoint robust
header compression 
suitable for broadcast and multicast links in MANETs? The base spec for
RObust Header Compression 
(RFC 3095 "ROHC") only seems to consider point to point links for cellular
systems. I'm 
proposing the work in the ROHC group, but want to consider any expertise
from the MANET group
that might be helpful since this will be "MANET" header compression in our
ultimate application 
on a MANET style radio. 

David B. Green
SRI International
Myer Ctr Rm 4D305
desk (732) 532-6715
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Subject: [manet] OLSR packet format implementation
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Hi,
 
I am trying to implement OLSR and have couple of questions regarding OLSR packet format. OLSR packet contain "Packet Length" and "Packet Seq Num" and after that there can be multiple messages (for e.g. 1 Hello, 1 TC).
 
1) Since Hello and TC messages are periodically sent, each having its own timer expiry. When will a condition happen that OLSR packet contains more than one message type ? Also, if an OLSR packet has 1 hello and 1 TC,  where TC needs to be forwarded, will receiving node create a new TC extracting information from the received packet ?
 
2) When a node receives an OLSR packet, it will loop through each message type and process it accordingly. It will keep on adding "Message Size" from each message processed till it becomes equal to the "Packet Length". Can this be one of the right ways of processing an OLSR packet?
 
Your comments will be a great help. Thanks in advance.
 
-MU

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--0-1844568698-1079646849=:13523
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<DIV>Hi,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I am trying to implement OLSR and have couple of&nbsp;questions regarding OLSR packet format. OLSR packet contain "Packet Length" and "Packet Seq Num" and after that there can be multiple messages (for e.g. 1 Hello, 1 TC).</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>1) Since Hello and TC messages are periodically sent, each having its own timer expiry. When&nbsp;will a condition happen that OLSR packet contains more than one message type ? Also, if an OLSR&nbsp;packet has 1 hello and 1 TC,&nbsp; where TC needs to be forwarded, will receiving node&nbsp;create a new TC extracting information from the received packet ?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>2) When a node receives an OLSR packet, it will loop through each message type and process it accordingly. It will keep on adding "Message Size"&nbsp;from each message processed&nbsp;till it becomes equal to the "Packet Length". Can this be one of the right ways&nbsp;of processing an OLSR packet?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Your comments will be a great help. Thanks in advance.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>-MU</DIV><p><font face=arial size=-1>Do you Yahoo!?<br>
<a href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/mailtag_us/*http://mail.yahoo.com" target="_blank"><b>Yahoo! Mail</a></b> - More reliable, more storage, less spam
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Hello everyone,
 
                   I am a new member to this group.I am a student who has become very interested in MANETS.I am looking at various papers on the net to get idea about manets but i thought this was too very tedious so is there any focused approach i can follow to learn more about manets and the latest research going on in manets.Also i was looking at the various simulators,i found many like glomosim,ns-2,opnet,etc .. how do i choose a simulator?What factors do i look before choosing one?Please bear with me for asking such trivial questions but i had to start somewhere.
 
Mayur


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<DIV>
<DIV>Hello everyone,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I am a new member to this group.I am a student who has become very interested in MANETS.I am looking at various papers on the net to get idea about manets but i thought this was too very tedious so is there any focused approach i can follow to learn more about manets and the latest research going on in manets.Also i was looking at the various simulators,i found many like glomosim,ns-2,opnet,etc .. how do i choose a simulator?What factors do i look before choosing one?Please bear with me for asking such trivial questions but i had to start somewhere.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Mayur</DIV></DIV><p><font face=arial size=-1>Do you Yahoo!?<br>
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Hi, I found this while tracking the formation of forwarding groups in ODMRP. I was wondering if anybody else has found the same and have a solution to this.
 
I use a simple simulation scenario, such as 10 nodes, in a 1000 x 1000 area. Assume that node 0 is the source and some node 3-4 hops away is the intended receiver for the multicast packets. While trying to trace the formation of forwarding groups, I realized that the forwarding group flag was never being set. What is actually happening is that the join reply, although being created at the receiver node - and supposedly sent to the mac layer to be broadcasted - is never being broadcasted to the other nodes, thus no forwarding groups formation is taking place. 
 
The join reply at the receiver node is being relayed by using the method 
 NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer(
                        node, newMsg, lastAddr, CONTROL, IPPROTO_ODMRP, 1,
                        DEFAULT_INTERFACE, ANY_DEST);
 
This is called from the method: RoutingOdmrpSendReply in odmrp.pc. This should send the join reply to the neighbors of the receiver node toward the source, setting the forwarding group flags along the way.
 
>From my understanding of this code, any packet upon broadcast by the mac layer would be received by the method RoutingOdmrpRouterFunction in odmrp.pc, which would determine whether it is a data packet or a control packet, done by  the following comparison: 
 
ipHeader->ip_p == IPPROTO_ODMRP.
 
Thus, if a Join Reply is received by a node, it will have this ipHeader->ip_p field value set as 145 (for odmrp). I find that all the packets which are handled by this function have ipHeader->ip_p = 17, that is, are data packets. None of them have this field set as 145. Hence, since no join replies are ever received, no forwarding groups etc. are formed. My guess is something is amiss in the header value settings in the join reply formation. I have not altered the ODMRP code that came with Glomosim.
 
I'm not very familiar with the mac layer code in glomosim, so if anyone could please suggest something that might be missing in the code or an error in my findings, it would be appreciated.
 
Thanks.
 
 


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Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii

<DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Hi, I found this while tracking the formation of forwarding groups in ODMRP. I was wondering if anybody else has found the same and have a solution to this.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I use a simple simulation scenario, such as 10 nodes, in a 1000 x 1000 area. Assume that&nbsp;node 0 is the source and some node 3-4 hops away is the intended receiver for the multicast packets. While trying to trace the formation of forwarding groups, I realized that the forwarding group flag was never being set. What is actually happening is that the join reply, although being created at the&nbsp;receiver node -&nbsp;and supposedly sent to the mac layer to be broadcasted - is never being broadcasted to the other nodes, thus no forwarding groups formation is taking place. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>The join reply at the receiver node is being&nbsp;relayed&nbsp;by using the method </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer(<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; node, newMsg, lastAddr, CONTROL, IPPROTO_ODMRP, 1,<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DEFAULT_INTERFACE, ANY_DEST);</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>This is called from the method: RoutingOdmrpSendReply in odmrp.pc. This should send the join reply to the neighbors of the receiver&nbsp;node toward the source, setting the forwarding group flags along the way.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;<BR>From my understanding of this code,&nbsp;any packet upon broadcast by the mac layer would be received by the method RoutingOdmrpRouterFunction in odmrp.pc, which would determine whether it is a data packet or a control packet, done by&nbsp; the following comparison: </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>ipHeader-&gt;ip_p == IPPROTO_ODMRP.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thus, if a Join Reply is received by a node, it will have this ipHeader-&gt;ip_p field value set as 145&nbsp;(for odmrp). I&nbsp;find that all the packets which are handled by this function have ipHeader-&gt;ip_p = 17, that is, are data packets. None of them have this field set as 145. Hence, since no join replies are ever received, no forwarding groups etc. are formed. My guess is something is amiss in the header value settings in the join reply formation. I have not altered the ODMRP code that came with Glomosim.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I'm not very familiar with the mac layer code in glomosim, so if anyone could please suggest something that might be missing in the code or an error in my findings, it would be appreciated.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><p><font face=arial size=-1>Do you Yahoo!?<br>
<a href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/mailtag_us/*http://mail.yahoo.com" target="_blank"><b>Yahoo! Mail</a></b> - More reliable, more storage, less spam
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To: Francois.PAUL@fr.thalesgroup.com
CC: Dave.B.Green@us.army.mil, manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Multipoint ROHC for MANET
References: <66CE949D18BCB249ABE8D9AF48C4F1CE2D48A3@helios.clb.tcfr.thales>
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I proposed some work on IPv6 header compression for the same sorts
of radio links Dave is referring to back in the 1998 timeframe, and
I know others had been thinking about the subject since well before
that time also. The proposal was never funded, but the subject has
been well covered by others and remains particularly important for
low-bandwidth radio links given the uncomfortably large overhead
for 40+ byte IPv6 headers.

 Fred
ftemplin@iprg.nokia.com

Francois.PAUL@fr.thalesgroup.com wrote:

>ROHC offers several "modes" of operation. The mode called "unidirectional"
>(see RFC 3095 ' 4.4.1) does not require any "return path", and therefore
>seems well suited to your point to multipoint scheme.
>Nevertheless there is a drawback : as there is no return path, this mode is
>less robust than the other ones ...
>
>Frangois PAUL
>
>-----Message d'origine-----
>De : Green, David B RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI
>[mailto:Dave.B.Green@us.army.mil]
>Envoyi : jeudi 18 mars 2004 21:38
>@ : 'manet@ietf.org'
>Objet : [manet] Multipoint ROHC for MANET
>
>
>Has anyone in the group worked on a schema for point to multipoint robust
>header compression 
>suitable for broadcast and multicast links in MANETs? The base spec for
>RObust Header Compression 
>(RFC 3095 "ROHC") only seems to consider point to point links for cellular
>systems. I'm 
>proposing the work in the ROHC group, but want to consider any expertise
>from the MANET group
>that might be helpful since this will be "MANET" header compression in our
>ultimate application 
>on a MANET style radio. 
>
>David B. Green
>SRI International
>Myer Ctr Rm 4D305
>desk (732) 532-6715
>cell   (732) 693-6500
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>  
>



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From: "Pete Sholander" <psholand@scires.com>
To: <Francois.PAUL@fr.thalesgroup.com>, <ftemplin@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>, <Dave.B.Green@us.army.mil>
Subject: Re: [manet] Multipoint ROHC for MANET
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Hey!

Could a "return path" be supplied a link-quality estimator associated with =
the neighbor discovery process of <insert your favorite routing protocol>?.=
  That would allow you to adjust the soft-state header refresh interval -- =
if you were using RFC 2507 style header compression.

--Pete Sholander
Atlanta, GA

>>> Fred Templin <ftemplin@iprg.nokia.com> 03/19/04 04:18PM >>>
I proposed some work on IPv6 header compression for the same sorts
of radio links Dave is referring to back in the 1998 timeframe, and
I know others had been thinking about the subject since well before
that time also. The proposal was never funded, but the subject has
been well covered by others and remains particularly important for
low-bandwidth radio links given the uncomfortably large overhead
for 40+ byte IPv6 headers.

 Fred
ftemplin@iprg.nokia.com=20

Francois.PAUL@fr.thalesgroup.com wrote:

>ROHC offers several "modes" of operation. The mode called "unidirectional"=

>(see RFC 3095 ' 4.4.1) does not require any "return path", and therefore
>seems well suited to your point to multipoint scheme.
>Nevertheless there is a drawback : as there is no return path, this mode =
is
>less robust than the other ones ...
>
>Frangois PAUL
>
>-----Message d'origine-----
>De : Green, David B RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI
>[mailto:Dave.B.Green@us.army.mil]=20
>Envoyi : jeudi 18 mars 2004 21:38
>@ : 'manet@ietf.org'=20
>Objet : [manet] Multipoint ROHC for MANET
>
>
>Has anyone in the group worked on a schema for point to multipoint robust
>header compression=20
>suitable for broadcast and multicast links in MANETs? The base spec for
>RObust Header Compression=20
>(RFC 3095 "ROHC") only seems to consider point to point links for =
cellular
>systems. I'm=20
>proposing the work in the ROHC group, but want to consider any expertise
>from the MANET group
>that might be helpful since this will be "MANET" header compression in =
our
>ultimate application=20
>on a MANET style radio.=20
>
>David B. Green
>SRI International
>Myer Ctr Rm 4D305
>desk (732) 532-6715
>cell   (732) 693-6500
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org=20
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet=20
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org=20
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet=20
> =20
>



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Subject: [manet] CFP: Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing
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<Apologies if you receive multiple copies of this message>

CALL FOR PAPERS

Special Issue on Group Communications in Ad hoc Networks
International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing (IJWMC)

http://academic.udayton.edu/DucTran/research/cfpIJWMC.htm

ISSN (PRINT): 1741-1084
ISSN (ONLINE): 1741-1092
Published by Inderscience Publishers

Important Dates
        Manuscript submission deadline: June 10th, 2004
        Notification due date: September 10th, 2004
        Camera-ready manuscript due date: November 1st, 2004
        Publication: Issue 3, 2005

Guest Editors
        Dr. Duc A. Tran (duc.tran@notes.udayton.edu)
        Department of Computer Science
        300 College Park
        Dayton, OH 45429

        Dr. Deb A. Agarwal (daagarwal@lbl.gov)
        Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 
        1 Cyclotron Road, MS 50B-2239 
        Berkeley, CA 94720 

        Dr. Mark D. Yarvis (mark.d.yarvis@intel.com)
        Intel Research and Development
        Intel Corporation, JF3-206
        2111 N.E. 25th Ave.
        Hillsboro, OR 97124-5961 

Subject Coverage

Since people frequently work beyond their office desk, it is expected that 
the next generation 
of communication networks will include rapid deployments of independent 
mobile users.  With the 
emergence of wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth, 
mobile users are enabled 
to connect to each other directly and wirelessly without any networking 
infrastructure, such as 
the Internet or infrastructure-based wireless networks.  Instead, users 
form mobile ad hoc 
networks (MANET). These networks are self-configurable and self-healable, 
and therefore easily 
adopted in a home environment and more cheaply deployed and maintained in 
a business environment. 

While ad hoc networks are rapidly gaining in popularity, group 
communication technologies have 
already shown their importance in education, entertainment, business, 
military, and other 
industries.  However, thus far those technologies have mainly been 
designed for use in the 
Internet.  This special journal issue is focused on development of group 
communication 
solutions in ad hoc networks.  This work is significant to many 
interesting applications. 
Examples are strategic collaboration among soldiers in a battlefield, 
collaborative data 
processing such as tracking and localization in sensor networks, 
collaborative intrusion 
detection among a group of distant surveillance cameras, to name just a 
few. Also relevant to
 ad hoc networks is the concept of peer-to-peer (P2P). P2P networks are 
commonly used in the 
Internet to enable services that leverage a collection of peer nodes 
rather than a single 
infrastructure server, making them resilient to the failure of an 
individual node.  These 
properties are attractive for applications deployed in ad hoc wireless 
networks, which have 
similar requirements. 
 
Research on group communications in ad hoc networks is still in its 
infancy.  There are many open 
issues due to the deviation between resource, energy, and bandwidth 
availability of ad hoc networks 
and the quality of service required by group communication services. Areas 
of interest for this 
special journal issue include, but are not limited to, the following 
topics: 
 
- Ad hoc networking architectures with inherent P2P communication support
- Use of P2P technology for ad hoc network formation and management
- Multicast routing in mobile ad hoc and sensor networks 
- Algorithms for reliable delivery and congestion control in ad hoc 
networks
- Location and mobility management in ad hoc group communications 
- Algorithms for self-configuration, maintenance, and stabilization 
- Data management, operating system, and middleware for ad hoc group 
communications 
- Security and privacy in ad hoc group communications 
- Collaborative multimedia systems in ad hoc networks 
- Collaborative signal processing and information retrieval in ad hoc 
networks 
- Innovative applications of group communication in ad hoc networks

Paper Submission
Submissions should include a cover page with authors' names, affiliations, 
fax and telephone numbers 
and e-mail addresses. Please submit full papers in PDF via email to one of 
the guest editors. Submitted 
papers must not be previously published nor submitted for publication 
elsewhere. Accepted papers will 
not exceed 6000 words or 15 single spaced pages in IEEE Transactions 
style. Hard copies should only be 
sent if electronic submission is not possible. All manuscripts will be 
reviewed by a selected panel of 
referees. Original artwork and a signed copy of the copyright release form 
will be required for all 
accepted papers.
--=_alternative 001F9F0685256E5D_=
Content-Type: text/html; charset="US-ASCII"


<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&lt;Apologies if you receive multiple
copies of this message&gt;</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">CALL FOR PAPERS</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Special Issue on Group Communications
in Ad hoc Networks</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">International Journal of Wireless and
Mobile Computing (IJWMC)</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">http://academic.udayton.edu/DucTran/research/cfpIJWMC.htm</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">ISSN (PRINT): 1741-1084</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">ISSN (ONLINE): 1741-1092</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Published by Inderscience Publishers</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Important Dates</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript
submission deadline: June 10th, 2004</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Notification
due date: September 10th, 2004</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Camera-ready
manuscript due date: November 1st, 2004</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Publication:
Issue 3, 2005</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Guest Editors</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Dr.
Duc A. Tran (duc.tran@notes.udayton.edu)</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Department
of Computer Science</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 300
College Park</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Dayton,
OH 45429</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Dr.
Deb A. Agarwal (daagarwal@lbl.gov)</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1
Cyclotron Road, MS 50B-2239 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Berkeley,
CA 94720 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; </font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Dr.
Mark D. Yarvis (mark.d.yarvis@intel.com)</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Intel
Research and Development</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Intel
Corporation, JF3-206</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2111
N.E. 25th Ave.</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Hillsboro,
OR 97124-5961 </font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Subject Coverage</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Since people frequently work beyond
their office desk, it is expected that the next generation </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">of communication networks will include
rapid deployments of independent mobile users. &nbsp;With the </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">emergence of wireless technologies such
as IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth, mobile users are enabled </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">to connect to each other directly and
wirelessly without any networking infrastructure, such as </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">the Internet or infrastructure-based
wireless networks. &nbsp;Instead, users form mobile ad hoc </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">networks (MANET). These networks are
self-configurable and self-healable, and therefore easily </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">adopted in a home environment and more
cheaply deployed and maintained in a business environment. &nbsp;</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">While ad hoc networks are rapidly gaining
in popularity, group communication technologies have </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">already shown their importance in education,
entertainment, business, military, and other </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">industries. &nbsp;However, thus far
those technologies have mainly been designed for use in the </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Internet. &nbsp;This special journal
issue is focused on development of group communication </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">solutions in ad hoc networks. &nbsp;This
work is significant to many interesting applications. &nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Examples are strategic collaboration
among soldiers in a battlefield, collaborative data </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">processing such as tracking and localization
in sensor networks, collaborative intrusion </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">detection among a group of distant surveillance
cameras, to name just a few. Also relevant to</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp;ad hoc networks is the concept
of peer-to-peer (P2P). P2P networks are commonly used in the </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Internet to enable services that leverage
a collection of peer nodes rather than a single </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">infrastructure server, making them resilient
to the failure of an individual node. &nbsp;These </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">properties are attractive for applications
deployed in ad hoc wireless networks, which have </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">similar requirements. &nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Research on group communications in
ad hoc networks is still in its infancy. &nbsp;There are many open </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">issues due to the deviation between
resource, energy, and bandwidth availability of ad hoc networks </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">and the quality of service required
by group communication services. &nbsp;Areas of interest for this </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">special journal issue include, but are
not limited to, the following topics: </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp;</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Ad hoc networking architectures with
inherent P2P communication support</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Use of P2P technology for ad hoc network
formation and management</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Multicast routing in mobile ad hoc
and sensor networks </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Algorithms for reliable delivery and
congestion control in ad hoc networks</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Location and mobility management in
ad hoc group communications </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Algorithms for self-configuration,
maintenance, and stabilization </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Data management, operating system,
and middleware for ad hoc group communications </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Security and privacy in ad hoc group
communications </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Collaborative multimedia systems in
ad hoc networks </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Collaborative signal processing and
information retrieval in ad hoc networks </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">- Innovative applications of group communication
in ad hoc networks</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Paper Submission</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Submissions should include a cover page
with authors' names, affiliations, fax and telephone numbers </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">and e-mail addresses. Please submit
full papers in PDF via email to one of the guest editors. Submitted </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">papers must not be previously published
nor submitted for publication elsewhere. Accepted papers will </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">not exceed 6000 words or 15 single spaced
pages in IEEE Transactions style. Hard copies should only be </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">sent if electronic submission is not
possible. All manuscripts will be reviewed by a selected panel of </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">referees. Original artwork and a signed
copy of the copyright release form will be required for all </font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">accepted papers.</font>
--=_alternative 001F9F0685256E5D_=--

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Mar 20 08:33:26 2004
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From: "gawlin" <gawlin@poczta.fm>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Date: Sat, 20 Mar 2004 14:33:06 +0100
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Subject: [manet] Association in IBSS?
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Hi,

I'd like to ask if there exists association process in IBSS mode in 802.11?

802.11 specification says that only STA services applay to an IBSS and
association belongs to distribution system services, so it seems thet in
IBSS there shouldn't be association. I want to make sure if  I'm right.

Thanks
M. Gawlinski




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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sat Mar 20 20:59:46 2004
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Subject: [manet] Re: ODMRP Glomosim forwarding group formation
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Hello, I had earlier sent the question copied below, after having trouble
figuring out why the Join Reply was never received by the sender's
neighbors, thus inhibiting the formation of forwarding groups. 

The Join Reply is sent by the method NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer. Smaller packets such as Join Query are sent by the method NetworkIPSendPacketToMacLayer. I tested the process by sending a test message using both methods, and it was effectively
broadcast if sent by NetworkIpSendPacketToMacLayer, but not when sent by 
NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer. The difference in the two methods is merely AddIpHeader added in the body of the latter. In both cases, ANY_DEST was used as the next-hop, and no other modifications have been made to the odmrp code that comes with glomosim.

Has anybody else found this..? Please email me back if anyone has any
suggestion. Thank you, 

Harleen


On Fri, 19 Mar 2004, Harleen Dhillon wrote:

> 
> 
> Hi, I found this while tracking the formation of forwarding groups in 
> ODMRP. I was wondering if anybody else has found the same and have a 
> solution to this.
>  
> I use a simple simulation scenario, such as 10 nodes, in a 1000 x 1000 
> area. Assume that one node is the source and some node 3-4 hops away is 
> the intended receiver for the multicast packets. While trying to trace 
> the formation of forwarding groups, I realized that the forwarding group 
> flag was never being set. What is actually happening is that the join 
> reply, although being created at the receiver node - and supposedly sent 
> to the mac layer to be broadcasted - is never being broadcasted to the 
> other nodes, thus no forwarding groups formation is taking place. 
>  
> The join reply at the receiver node is being relayed by using the 
> method 
>  NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer(
>                         node, newMsg, lastAddr, CONTROL, IPPROTO_ODMRP, 
> 1, DEFAULT_INTERFACE, ANY_DEST);
>  
> This is called from the method: RoutingOdmrpSendReply in odmrp.pc. This 
> should send the join reply to the neighbors of the receiver node toward 
> the source, setting the forwarding group flags along the way.
>  
> From my understanding of this code, any packet upon broadcast by the 
> mac layer would be received by the method RoutingOdmrpRouterFunction in 
> odmrp.pc, which would determine whether it is a data packet or a control 
> packet, done by  the following comparison: 
>  
> ipHeader->ip_p == IPPROTO_ODMRP.
>  
> Thus, if a Join Reply is received by a node, it will have this 
> ipHeader->ip_p field value set as 145 (for odmrp). I find by some
> debugging that all the
> packets which are handled by this function have ipHeader->ip_p = 17, that is, 
> are data packets. None of them have this field set as 145. Hence, since 
> no join replies are ever received, no forwarding groups etc. are 
> formed. My guess is something is amiss in the header value settings in the 
> join reply formation. I have not altered the ODMRP code that came with 
> Glomosim. (The method NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer calls AddIpHeader 
> and then NetworkIpSendPacketToMacLayer. In AddIpHeader, the ipHeader->ip_p
> IS set to 145 at certain points, meaning that a Join Reply or Ack type of
> packet is created at certain points in the simulation, but the only ones
> that are received by any node have ip_p field as 17... so is something
> missing between the creation of the ip header and the receiving
> of packets by the nodes?).
>  
> I'm not very familiar with the mac layer code in glomosim, so if anyone 
> could please suggest something that might be missing in the code or an 
> error in my findings, it would be appreciated.
>  
> Thanks.
> 


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<DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE class=replbq style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #1010ff 2px solid">
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>Hello, I had earlier sent the question copied below, after having trouble<BR>figuring out why the Join Reply was never received by the sender's<BR>neighbors, thus inhibiting the formation of forwarding groups. </P>
<P>The Join Reply is sent by the method NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer. Smaller packets such as Join Query are sent by the method NetworkIPSendPacketToMacLayer. I tested the process by sending a test message using both methods, and it was effectively<BR>broadcast if sent by NetworkIpSendPacketToMacLayer, but not when sent by <BR>NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer. The difference in the two methods is merely AddIpHeader added in the body of the latter.&nbsp;In both cases, ANY_DEST was used as the next-hop, and no other modifications have been made to the odmrp code that comes with glomosim.</P>
<P>Has anybody else found this..? Please email me back if anyone has any<BR>suggestion. Thank you, </P>
<P>Harleen</P>
<P><BR>On Fri, 19 Mar 2004, Harleen Dhillon wrote:</P>
<P>&gt; <BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; Hi, I found this while tracking the formation of forwarding groups in <BR>&gt; ODMRP. I was wondering if anybody else has found the same and have a <BR>&gt; solution to this.<BR>&gt;&nbsp; <BR>&gt; I use a simple simulation scenario, such as 10 nodes, in a 1000 x 1000 <BR>&gt; area. Assume that one node is the source and some node 3-4 hops away is <BR>&gt; the intended receiver for the multicast packets. While trying to trace <BR>&gt; the formation of forwarding groups, I realized that the forwarding group <BR>&gt; flag was never being set. What is actually happening is that the join <BR>&gt; reply, although being created at the receiver node - and supposedly sent <BR>&gt; to the mac layer to be broadcasted - is never being broadcasted to the <BR>&gt; other nodes, thus no forwarding groups formation is taking place. <BR>&gt;&nbsp; <BR>&gt; The join reply at the receiver node is being relayed by using the <BR>&gt; method <BR>&gt;&nbsp;
 NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer(<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; node, newMsg, lastAddr, CONTROL, IPPROTO_ODMRP, <BR>&gt; 1, DEFAULT_INTERFACE, ANY_DEST);<BR>&gt;&nbsp; <BR>&gt; This is called from the method: RoutingOdmrpSendReply in odmrp.pc. This <BR>&gt; should send the join reply to the neighbors of the receiver node toward <BR>&gt; the source, setting the forwarding group flags along the way.<BR>&gt;&nbsp; <BR>&gt; From my understanding of this code, any packet upon broadcast by the <BR>&gt; mac layer would be received by the method RoutingOdmrpRouterFunction in <BR>&gt; odmrp.pc, which would determine whether it is a data packet or a control <BR>&gt; packet, done by&nbsp; the following comparison: <BR>&gt;&nbsp; <BR>&gt; ipHeader-&gt;ip_p == IPPROTO_ODMRP.<BR>&gt;&nbsp; <BR>&gt; Thus, if a Join Reply is received by a node, it will have this <!
 BR>&gt;
 ipHeader-&gt;ip_p field value set as 145 (for odmrp). I find by some<BR>&gt; debugging that all the<BR>&gt; packets which are handled by this function have ipHeader-&gt;ip_p = 17, that is, <BR>&gt; are data packets. None of them have this field set as 145. Hence, since <BR>&gt; no join replies are ever received, no forwarding groups etc. are <BR>&gt; formed. My guess is something is amiss in the header value settings in the <BR>&gt; join reply formation. I have not altered the ODMRP code that came with <BR>&gt; Glomosim. (The method NetworkIpSendRawGlomoMessageToMacLayer calls AddIpHeader <BR>&gt; and then NetworkIpSendPacketToMacLayer. In AddIpHeader, the ipHeader-&gt;ip_p<BR>&gt; IS set to 145 at certain points, meaning that a Join Reply or Ack type of<BR>&gt; packet is created at certain points in the simulation, but the only ones<BR>&gt; that are received by any node have ip_p field as 17... so is something<BR>&gt; missing between the creation of the ip header and the
 receiving<BR>&gt; of packets by the nodes?).<BR>&gt;&nbsp; <BR>&gt; I'm not very familiar with the mac layer code in glomosim, so if anyone <BR>&gt; could please suggest something that might be missing in the code or an <BR>&gt; error in my findings, it would be appreciated.<BR>&gt;&nbsp; <BR>&gt; Thanks.<BR>&gt; </P></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><p><font face=arial size=-1>Do you Yahoo!?<br>
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Subject: [manet] Local recovery of AODV
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hi,

I was using ns2.1b8a to simulate of the peformance of AODV with and
without
local recovery. it is expected that AODV with local recovery should
outperform AODV without. however, our simulation results shows that the
local recovery decreased the performance of AODV. our simulation scenario
is
map of 2000mx1600m, node number=100, transmission range of 350, random way
point with medium mobility.

anyone know that reason that local recovery decreased the performance of
AODV?

Thanks

Regards
Genping

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Hi,

genping liu wrote:

> hi,
>
> I was using ns2.1b8a to simulate of the peformance of AODV with and
> without
> local recovery. it is expected that AODV with local recovery should
> outperform AODV without. however, our simulation results shows that the
> local recovery decreased the performance of AODV. our simulation scenario
> is
> map of 2000mx1600m, node number=100, transmission range of 350, random 
> way
> point with medium mobility.
>
> anyone know that reason that local recovery decreased the performance of
> AODV?

I don't think that local recovery is implemented correctly in the aodv 
code of ns-2.1b8(a). I also think there is some comment in aodv.h which 
says that local recovery shouldn't be used and that it doesn't show any 
significant performance improvements.

Regards
Ali Hamidian

>
> Thanks
>
> Regards
> Genping
>
> _________________________________________________________________
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Message-ID: <008b01c40fff$8b6a1980$0f605fc1@home>
From: "Wala Turki Latrous" <wala.latrous@cert.mincom.tn>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
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Subject: [manet] OLSR attack
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Hello,

=20

In the OLSR protocol :  if a node X wants to send HELLO messages, =
pretending to have the identity of another node A ; knowing the main =
address of A and then use it as his originator address is sufficient for =
this attack ? or X must also know the sequence numbers recently used by =
A for the packets and/or the HELLO messages ?=20

=20

In the same way, X wants to send TC messages, pretending to have the =
identity of A. Must X know the packet sequence number and the ANSN =
recently used by A?

=20

Is there any works on attacks on OLSR or securing OLSR ?

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Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1106" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT face=3D"Times =
New Roman"=20
size=3D3>Hello,</FONT></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><?xml:namespace prefix =3D o ns =3D=20
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT face=3D"Times New =
Roman"=20
size=3D3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D3><FONT face=3D"Times =
New Roman">In=20
the OLSR protocol :<SPAN style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>if a =
node X=20
wants to send HELLO messages, pretending to have the identity of another =
node A=20
; knowing the main address of A and then use it as his originator =
address is=20
sufficient for this attack ? or X must also know the sequence numbers =
recently=20
used by A for the packets and/or the HELLO messages ?=20
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"=20
size=3D3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D3><FONT face=3D"Times =
New Roman">In=20
the same way, X wants to send TC messages, pretending to have the =
identity of A.=20
Must X know the packet sequence number and the ANSN recently used by=20
A?<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><o:p><FONT face=3D"Times New Roman"=20
size=3D3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D3><FONT face=3D"Times =
New Roman">Is=20
there any works on attacks on OLSR or securing OLSR=20
?<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Andreas_T=F8nnesen?= <andreto@olsr.org>
Organization: olsr.org
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To: Wala Turki Latrous <wala.latrous@cert.mincom.tn>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR attack
References: <008b01c40fff$8b6a1980$0f605fc1@home>
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You could check out:
*"Securing the OLSR protocol"*
Thomas Heide Clausen, Cedric Adjih, Philippe Jacquet, Anis Laouiti, Paul=20
Muhltahler, Daniele Raffo

http://voop.free.fr/Publications/2003/medhoc03.shtml

- Andreas

Wala Turki Latrous wrote:

> Hello,
>
> =20
>
> In the OLSR protocol :  if a node X wants to send HELLO messages,=20
> pretending to have the identity of another node A ; knowing the main=20
> address of A and then use it as his originator address is sufficient=20
> for this attack ? or X must also know the sequence numbers recently=20
> used by A for the packets and/or the HELLO messages ?
>
> =20
>
> In the same way, X wants to send TC messages, pretending to have the=20
> identity of A. Must X know the packet sequence number and the ANSN=20
> recently used by A?
>
> =20
>
> Is there any works on attacks on OLSR or securing OLSR ?
>

--=20

--=20
Andreas T=F8nnesen(andreas@olsr.org)
UniK University Graduation Center
University of Oslo
http://www.olsr.org


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(Apologies if you are receiving this message more than once)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
                         CALL FOR PAPERS

                         BroadNets 2004
           Broadband Wireless Networking Symposium 2004
                     October 25 - 29, 2004
                   San Jose, California, USA
                        www.broadnets.org

       ***** Extended Submission Deadline: April 1, 2004 *****
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SCOPE
-----

BroadNets 2004 is a new conference focusing on broadband networking
and covers the entire gamut of next generation networks with 
ultra-high bandwidth available all the way from access networks 
(xDSL, Cable, EPON, Broadband Wireless, multi-Gigabit uplinks), 
to regional and metropolitan networks to wide-area core networks.

The conference will consist of the following two symposia:

** Broadband Wireless Networking that is defined to cover 
   high-speed wireless networking for access, regional and 
   backhaul networks including backhaul capacity provisioning 
   using wireless, including the WLAN networks and WMAN.

** Broadband Optical Networking includes WDM technologies, Ethernet and
MPLS 
   integration into the optical layer, Next-Gen SONET/SDH, as well as
SAN 
   extentions over DWDM/SONET/SDH.

BroadNets 2004 will thus offer a unique forum for researchers from
academia, government and industry to share ideas and disseminate 
new results in these important areas.  In addition to expansion in 
scope, BroadNets 2004 will expand its target audience by encouraging
industry contributions, through architecture and position papers.  
More details can be found at www.broadnets.org.

This Call for Papers describes the details for the Broadband Wireless
Networking Symposium ONLY.  (Refer to the broadnets.org website for
the Broadband Optical Symposium details.)  We are soliciting full 
papers in all research, development, and deployment areas on 
broadband wireless networking.  Applications/position/system papers 
from industry are also encouraged.
 
Topics of interest include, but not limited to, the following:
 
- 3G/4G Systems
- Fixed Broadband Wireless Access
- Wireless Local Area Networks
- WLAN Hotspots
- Wireless indoor & home networks
- Wireless Personal Area Networks including IEEE 802.15
- IEEE 802.16 (WiMax) Standards Activities and Products
- Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks
- Wireless Wide Area Networks
- Free-Space Optics
- Ultra Wideband (UWB) Networks
- Ad-hoc networks
- Cellular mobile/WLAN interoperability
- System architecture

- Network Topology management
- Neighbour discovery
- Unicast and multicast routing
- Quality-of-Service support
- Security techniques and systems
- Resource management

- Software-defined radio
- Space-time processing, MIMO systems
- Digital signal processing
- Smart (directional) antennas
- Power control

- Wireless emergency systems
- Standards, Licensing and regulation
- Interference mitigation for multiple access
- Economics and business cases


IMPORTANT DATES
---------------

Full papers due:                April 1, 2004 
Notification of acceptance:     June 7, 2004
Final manuscript due:           July 7, 2004
Conference Dates:               October 25 - 29, 2004

PAPER SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS
-----------------------------

Authors are invited to submit full papers of up to 20 double-spaced
pages in Times 10pt font, including references, figures and tables.  
All submissions should be submitted electronically to EDAS system at 
http://edas.info/Conferences.cgi and in Postscript or Adobe PDF format.
Papers of particular merit will be considered for a special
issue of ACM/Kluwer Mobile Networks (MONET) Journal.


PROPOSALS FOR WORKSHOPS, TUTORIALS AND PANELS
---------------------------------------------

Proposals for workshops, tutorials and panels on broadband wireless
networking and related topics are solicited. Contact information 
for respective Chairs can be found at www.broadnets.org.  

Workshop proposals should consist of: 1) title of the workshop,
2) description of potential audience, 3) description of the workshop 
topic and justification of why the proposed topic is interesting and 
timely and, 4) intended format of the workshop. Please submit your
proposals to the appropriate Chairs by April 1, 2004.

Tutorial proposals should consist of: 1) title and outline of
materials to be presented, 2) description of potential audience, 
3) justification of why the proposed topic is interesting and timely
and, 4) biographical sketch of the presenter(s). Please submit your
proposals to the appropriate Chairs by May 1, 2004.

Panel topics should address innovative, controversial, or otherwise
provocative issues of interest related to broadband wireless
networking and communications.  Please submit your proposals to the
appropriate Chairs by May 1, 2004.

CONFERENCE INFORMATION
----------------------

For the general information about the organization of the BroadNets
2004 conference, please visit http://www.broadnets.org or contact 
one of the conference chairs listed below (more details are on
the website).

CONFERENCE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
-------------------------------

BroadNets Conference General Chair: 
  
 Dr. Raj Jain, Nayna Networks/Ohio State University, raj@nayna.com

Broadband Wireless Networking Symposium Chair:

 Dr. Zhensheng Zhang, San Diego Research Center, zzhang@ieee.org

Technical Program Co-Chairs:

 Dr. Parameswaran Ramanathan, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison,
parmesh@ece.wisc.edu 
 Dr. Thomas Hou, Virginia Tech,  thou@vt.edu

Panels Co-Chairs:

 Dr. Byrav Ramamurthy, University of Nebraska - Lincoln,
byrav@cse.unl.edu
 Dr. Loukas Paraschis, Cisco Systems, loukas@cisco.com

Tutorials Co-Chairs:

 Dr. Hakki Candan Cankaya, Alcatel USA, hakki.cankaya@alcatel.com
 Dr. Surendar Chandra, Univ of Notre Dame, surendar@cse.nd.edu

Workshops Co-Chairs:

 Dr. Nasir Ghani, Tennessee Tech University, nghani@ieee.org
 Dr. Rajeev Shorey, National University of Singapore and IBM Research
India, 
                rajeev@comp.nus.edu.sg

Exhibits and Sponsorships Chairs:

 Dr. Samrat Ganguly, NEC Labs, samrat@nec-labs.com
 Dr. Javier Aracil, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Spain, 
                javier.aracil@unavarra.es 
  
Publications Chair:

 Dr. Srinivasan Ramasubramanian, U. of Arizona srini@ece.arizona.edu

Local Arrangements Co-Chairs:

 Dr. Subhankar Dhar, San Jose State University, dhar_s@cob.sjsu.edu
 Dr. Sukesh Pai, Microsoft,  sukeshp@microsoft.com

Publicity Co-Chairs: 

 Dr. Tim Ozugur, Alcatel USA,  tim.ozugur@alcatel.com
 Dr. Gaoxi Xiao, Nanyang Technological Univ. Singapore,
egxxiao@ntu.edu.sg
 Dr. Marcos Rogerio Salvador, CPqD Telecom & IT Solutions,
marcosrs@cpqd.com.br

Steering Committee  Co-Chairs:

 Dr. Imrich Chlamtac, UT Dallas, chlamtac@utdallas.edu
 Dr. Krishna Sivalingam, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 
                krishna@umbc.edu 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Subject: [manet] MWCN 2004 CFP: Reminder!
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             ONLY 9 DAYS UNTIL PAPER SUBMISSIONS DEADLINE!!!



            ***************************************************
            ******           CALL FOR PAPERS          *********
            ***************************************************
            *                                                 *
            *              IFIP/IEEE MWCN 2004                *
            * The Sixth IFIP/IEEE International Conference on *
            *    Mobile and Wireless Communications Networks  *
            *                                                 *
            *      Paris, France,  25 - 27 October, 2004      *
            *                                                 *
            *             http://mwcn2004.lri.fr/             *
            ***************************************************


MWCN 2004 is the sixth annual international conference dedicated to
advancing research on mobile wireless networks.  In the past few
years, there has been growing interest in integrating stand-alone
mobile networks with infrastructured wireless networks to create more
robust and adaptable wireless networks.  To further encourage research
in this area, the theme of this years conference is:

** Convergence of Mobile Wireless Networks and the Internet **

You are invited to submit original papers to the conference for
review.  Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the
following areas:

 * Mobile network architecture
 * Resource and information management
 * Mobility support, protocols, and algorithms
 * Connection management
 * Applications
 * Mobile ad hoc networks
 * Wireless local area networks
 * Analysis and simulation of mobile networks
 * Evaluation of mobile network testbeds
 * Mobile network security
 * Quality of service
 * Energy efficiency of protocols and devices


All papers should be submitted electronically in Portable Document
Format (PDF).  Submissions should be in English, and the maximum page
length is 6 pages in no smaller than 10 point font.  The name and
affiliation of all authors should be included on the paper, and the
contact information for the lead author should be included in a cover
page.  Full submission instructions can be found at
http://mwcn2004.lri.fr


IMPORTANT DATES
---------------

Submission deadline:        March 31, 2004, 11:59PM PST
Notification of acceptance: June 1, 2004
Camera-ready deadline:      July 1, 2004
Conference:                 25-27 October 2004



Conference General Chairs
-------------------------

Khaldoun Al Agha
LRI, University of Paris XI, France
khaldoun.alagha@lri.fr

Guy Pujolle
University of Paris VI, France
guy.pujolle@lip6.fr


Conference Technical Program Chair 
----------------------------------

Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer
University of California, Santa Barbara
ebelding@cs.ucsb.edu





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Subject: [manet] Why MAODV draft is not exist in the MANET working group
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Hi seniors,

 

I really wonder why MAODV draft is disused.

 

Is it out of scope of MANET working group?

 

Please, let me sense the reason.

 

Yours,

 

HaYoung Yoon


------=_NextPart_000_0000_01C410B9.DD2CA020
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	charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Hi =
seniors,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>I really wonder why MAODV =
draft is disused.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Is it out of scope of MANET =
working
group?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Please, let me sense the =
reason.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Yours,<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>HaYoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

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<Apologies if you receive this message multiple times> 

CALL FOR PAPERS 

Complete CFP at http://academic.udayton.edu/DucTran/research/dms2004.htm 

Special Session on MULTIMEDIA STREAMING IN AD HOC NETWORKS 
at the 2004 International Conference on Distributed Multimedia Systems 
(DMS '04) 
Hotel Sofitel, San Francisco Bay, California 
September 8 - 10, 2004 

Important Dates 
   
       March 31, 2004   Paper submission due 
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          July 1, 2004     Early conference registration due

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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&lt;Apologies if you receive this message
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<br>
CALL FOR PAPERS</font><font size=3> </font><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
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Complete CFP at http://academic.udayton.edu/DucTran/research/dms2004.htm</font><font size=3>
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<br>
Special Session on MULTIMEDIA STREAMING IN AD HOC NETWORKS</font><font size=3>
</font><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
at the 2004 International Conference on Distributed Multimedia Systems
(DMS '04)</font><font size=3> </font><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
Hotel Sofitel, San Francisco Bay, California</font><font size=3> </font><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
September 8 - 10, 2004</font><font size=3> </font><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
<br>
Important Dates <br>
 &nbsp;</font><font size=3> </font><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; March 31, 2004 &nbsp; Paper submission due <br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;June 1, 2004 &nbsp; &nbsp; Notification
of acceptance</font><font size=3> </font><font size=2 face="sans-serif"><br>
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<br>
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Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2004 16:00:56 +0800
From: "Sukanta K. Hazra" <sukanta@i2r.a-star.edu.sg>
Subject: Re: [manet] Local Recovery of AODV
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> I was using ns2.1b8a to simulate of the peformance of AODV with and without 
> local recovery. it is expected that AODV with local recovery should 
> outperform AODV without. however, our simulation results shows that the 
> local recovery decreased the performance of AODV. our simulation scenario 
> is map of 2000mx1600m, node number=100, transmission range of 350, random 
> way point with medium mobility.
> 
> anyone know that reason that local recovery decreased the performance of 
> AODV?

By performance you mean the throughput, delay or? In our simulations
on similar scenario, in Glomosim, the average end-to-end delay
increased when local recovery is used. On the other hand, the throughput
remains almost the same. The average end-to-end delay increased due to
an increase in the average path length.

- Sukanta

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Subject: [manet] Problem in running OPNET model simulation for DSR
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Hi all,
 
       I am currently doing my research in simulation of DSR  protocol in adhoc networks.
 
I am using opnet for my simulation and when i run the the example file for DSR then iam getting the error message as follows...
 
<<<Recoverable Error>>>
Object repository construction failed due to errors encountered by the binder program(bind_so_msvc)
<<< Program Abort>>>
Error encountered rebuilding repository-unable to proceed
----
 
Creating library C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.lib and C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.exp
 
wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_copy
wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_destroy
wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_create
wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_ap_reliablity_eval
wlan_power.dev32.io.ps.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_ap_reliabilty_eval
Creating library C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.dll : fatal error LNK1120 : 4 unresolved externals
 
This error is coming whenever i run the manet for simulation in opnet
 
Can anyone pl help me out from this problem
 
Kanimaran Sundarasekaran
 
 

 

		
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<DIV>Hi all,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I am currently doing my research in simulation of DSR&nbsp; protocol in adhoc networks.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I am using opnet for my simulation and when i run the the example file for DSR then iam getting the error message as follows...</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&lt;&lt;&lt;Recoverable Error&gt;&gt;&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>Object repository construction failed due to errors encountered by the binder program(bind_so_msvc)</DIV>
<DIV>&lt;&lt;&lt; Program Abort&gt;&gt;&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>Error encountered rebuilding repository-unable to proceed</DIV>
<DIV>----</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Creating library C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.lib and C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.exp</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj :&nbsp;error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_copy</DIV>
<DIV>wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj :&nbsp;error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_destroy</DIV>
<DIV>wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj :&nbsp;error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_create</DIV>
<DIV>wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj :&nbsp;error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_ap_reliablity_eval</DIV>
<DIV>wlan_power.dev32.io.ps.obj :&nbsp;error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_ap_reliabilty_eval</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>Creating library C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.dll : fatal error LNK1120 : 4 unresolved externals</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>This error is coming whenever i run the manet for simulation in opnet</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Can anyone pl help me out from this problem</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Kanimaran Sundarasekaran</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV><p>
		<hr size=1><font face="Arial" size="2"> <a href="http://uk.rd.yahoo.com/mail/tagline_messenger/*http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com"><b> 
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From: Peter Pham <ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
To: =?iso-8859-1?q?kani=20sundar?= <skanimaran@yahoo.com>
cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Problem in running OPNET model simulation for DSR
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Hi 
Tick the forced compile option to recompile the whole model. It should 
work.

Best Regards.

Peter Phuc Pham
==========================================

The University of South Australia
Institute for Telecommunications Research
Mawson Lakes Campus SA5095
Office: 08-83025188
Fax   : 08-83023873
Email : ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au
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==========================================


On Tue, 23 Mar 2004, =?iso-8859-1?q?kani=20sundar?= wrote:

> Hi all,
>  
>        I am currently doing my research in simulation of DSR  protocol in adhoc networks.
>  
> I am using opnet for my simulation and when i run the the example file for DSR then iam getting the error message as follows...
>  
> <<<Recoverable Error>>>
> Object repository construction failed due to errors encountered by the binder program(bind_so_msvc)
> <<< Program Abort>>>
> Error encountered rebuilding repository-unable to proceed
> ----
>  
> Creating library C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.lib and C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.exp
>  
> wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_copy
> wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_destroy
> wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_mac_pk_bbstruct_create
> wlan_mac.dev32.io.pr.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_ap_reliablity_eval
> wlan_power.dev32.io.ps.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _wlan_ap_reliabilty_eval
> Creating library C:\PROGRA~1\OPNET\10.0.A\sys\lib\project2-scenario1.dev32.io.nt.dll : fatal error LNK1120 : 4 unresolved externals
>  
> This error is coming whenever i run the manet for simulation in opnet
>  
> Can anyone pl help me out from this problem
>  
> Kanimaran Sundarasekaran
>  
>  
> 
>  
> 
> 		
> ---------------------------------
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From: Cedric Adjih <Cedric.Adjih@inria.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] MID message received from a non-symmetric neighbor
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 04:48:16 +0100
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On Friday 12 March 2004 21:46, Li Li wrote:
> If a MID message is received from a non-symmetric neighbor, we'd discard
> the message. Why is this? For security reasons? If we don't discard the
> MID, what're the negative impacts?

Hello Li Li,

The issue you are rising, is indeed subtle ;-): the reason MID message
processing discards packets from non-symmetric neighbors
(same for TC, and HNA), is mainly for simplicity reasons.

It was introduced when OLSR protocol presentation was clarified
and simplified around draft-version-8:
. the problem is that even if you process messages from non-symetric
neighbors, the "default forwarding algorithm" won't put them
in the duplicate table. As a result, the negative impact is
that you could process the same MID twice. Actually, if the
network is static, and there is no packet loss, you
will also receive it from some symmetrical neighbor,
so you would process it at least twice. Not satisfying :-)
. if you want to prevent this, you have to add some flags in
the duplicate table, and complicate the processing/forwarding
algorithm a little bit. Well, it was decided that somehow,
maybe the potential gain was not worth it.

Hope this helps,
Regards,
-- Cedric

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Subject: [manet] Reminder: MobiHoc 2004 Call for Posters
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Our apologies if you receive multiple copies of this message.

----------
CALL FOR POSTERS

The Fifth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing
MobiHoc 2004
http://www.sigmobile.org/mobihoc/2004/

May 24-26, 2004
Tokyo, Japan

MobiHoc 2004 is the fifth of a series of annual meetings sponsored by ACM 
SIGMOBILE, focusing on the latest research in the rapidly growing area of mobile 
ad hoc networking and computing. The first MobiHoc was held in 2000 in Boston, 
Massachusetts, as a workshop affiliated with the MobiCom conference also 
sponsored by SIGMOBILE. Since then, MobiHoc has become a separate symposium, 
held in 2001 at Long Beach, California, in 2002 at Lausanne, Switzerland, in 
2003 at Annapolis, Maryland, and now in 2004 at Tokyo, Japan, on Monday through 
Wednesday, May 24-26, 2004.

The symposium will include a poster session that highlights recent and on-going 
research that has not been published elsewhere. Poster submissions will be 
reviewed and the summaries of accepted posters will appear in the SIGMOBILE's 
Mobile Computing Communications Review (MC2R). Submissions should consist of a 
2-page summary as well as a rough draft of the poster in PDF. Please contact the 
Poster Co-Chairs, Mineo Takai <mineo@cs.ucla.edu> and Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy 
<krish@cs.ucr.edu> for further details.

SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS:

Submissions for posters should be unpublished and must not be currently under 
review for any other publication, conference or workshop. Authors of accepted 
posters will need to sign an ACM copyright release form and present their poster 
at the conference. All poster submissions will be reviewed and their summaries 
will appear in the SIGMOBILE's Mobile Computing & Communications Review (MC2R). 
Poster submissions consist of two parts -- a two-page summary, and a draft of 
the poster layout. Both parts of the submission must be in PDF.

The summary must be formatted for US Letter (8.5" x 11") paper with 1" margins 
all around, 10 point font (minimum), and single line spacing (minimum) for the 
main text. The purpose of the summary is to evaluate the quality, interest and 
depth of the work to be presented. The summary is the primary item for review 
consideration.

The poster draft may be either a single sheet or multiple sheets (all 8.5" x 
11"). The draft is meant to provide an initial impression of the organization 
and presentation of the work. It does not need to be a completed poster but 
needs to at least convey the flow and presentation of what will be the final 
poster. The final posters will be 1 x 1.25 meters.

We must be able to print your summary and draft once they are submitted. Due to 
the large variety of systems available for formatting papers and producing PDF, 
this is not always possible for some systems. To maximize the chances that your 
paper will print correctly, please use only standard printer fonts (e.g., Times 
Roman, Helvetica, etc.); other fonts may be used but must be included in the PDF 
file.

IMPORTANT: The two-page summary of the poster and the poster draft will be 
submitted to DIFFERENT places. The summary will be submitted over the web at 
http://edas.info (please select the MobiHoc Poster as the conference). The 
poster submission link will be enabled 10 days prior to the poster deadline. 
After you have successfully uploaded your summary, the poster draft should be 
mailed to the Poster Co-Chairs Mineo Takai <mineo@cs.ucla.edu> and Srikanth V. 
Krishnamurthy <krish@cs.ucr.edu> indicating the Paper ID that was assigned to 
the poster summary by EDAS.

IMPORTANT DATES:

Poster Submission Deadline          March 24, 2004
Notification of Acceptance          April 19, 2004

For further details or any questions about the poster session, please contact 
the Poster Co-Chairs, Mineo Takai <mineo@cs.ucla.edu> and Srikanth V. 
Krishnamurthy <krish@cs.ucr.edu>. For more information about the symposium, 
please visit the MobiHoc 2004 Home Page at 
http://www.sigmobile.org/mobihoc/2004/, or send email to the General Chair, Jun 
Murai <jun-mobihoc2004@wide.ad.jp>, or to <mobihoc2004@isrmail.isr.umd.edu>.


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Subject: [manet] Why MAODV and ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET working group
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Hi seniors,

 

I really wonder why MAODV and ODMRP drafts are disused.

 

Are they out of scope of MANET working group?

 

Please, let me sense the reason.

 

Yours,

 

HaYoung Yoon

 


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<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Hi =
seniors,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>I =
really wonder why MAODV
and ODMRP drafts are disused.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Are =
they out of scope of
MANET working group?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Please, let me =
sense the
reason.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Yours,<o:p></o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>HaYoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Mar 24 03:20:48 2004
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Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 00:14:55 -0800 (PST)
From: Alvin Valera <super_toon@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] Local recovery of AODV
To: Ali Hamidian <alexh@telecom.lth.se>, genping liu <liugenping@hotmail.com>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
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Hi All,

I discussed this behavior in my master's thesis. My
observations are:

(1) Additional routing overhead is generated for local
repair. Supposedly, this overhead should be less than
the overhead of performing a new route discovery.

(2) In a congested and highly mobile environment, many
local repairs fail. The penalty for such failures is a
significant increase in the routing overhead. (Why?
because routing overhead = local repair overhead +
route discovery overhead) Such additional overhead
then worsens congestion and increases packet loss.

(3) In light load environments, I observed that local
repair is advantageous, that is, it improves packet
delivery.

Best regards,
Alvin

--- Ali Hamidian <alexh@telecom.lth.se> wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> genping liu wrote:
> 
> > hi,
> >
> > I was using ns2.1b8a to simulate of the peformance
> of AODV with and
> > without
> > local recovery. it is expected that AODV with
> local recovery should
> > outperform AODV without. however, our simulation
> results shows that the
> > local recovery decreased the performance of AODV.
> our simulation scenario
> > is
> > map of 2000mx1600m, node number=100, transmission
> range of 350, random 
> > way
> > point with medium mobility.
> >
> > anyone know that reason that local recovery
> decreased the performance of
> > AODV?
> 
> I don't think that local recovery is implemented
> correctly in the aodv 
> code of ns-2.1b8(a). I also think there is some
> comment in aodv.h which 
> says that local recovery shouldn't be used and that
> it doesn't show any 
> significant performance improvements.
> 
> Regards
> Ali Hamidian
> 
> >
> > Thanks
> >
> > Regards
> > Genping
> >
> >
>
_________________________________________________________________
> > Get 10mb of inbox space with MSN Hotmail Extra
> Storage 
> > http://join.msn.com/?pgmarket=en-sg
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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From: "Youngmin Kim" <blhole@venus.uos.ac.kr>
To: <hyyoon@netmedia.kjist.ac.kr>, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Why MAODV and ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET working group
Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 18:30:29 +0900
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That's right!!
Multicasting is out of scope of MANET
 
You can read Charter of MANET
 
 
  _____  

From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Ha
Young, Yoon
Sent: Wednesday, March 24, 2004 4:34 PM
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] Why MAODV and ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET working
group
 
Hi seniors,
 
I really wonder why MAODV and ODMRP drafts are disused.
 
Are they out of scope of MANET working group?
 
Please, let me sense the reason.
 
Yours,
 
HaYoung Yoon
 

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<body lang=3DKO link=3Dblue vlink=3Dpurple =
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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy'>That</span></font><font =
size=3D2
color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
Arial;mso-ascii-font-family:Gulim;mso-fareast-font-family:Gulim;color:nav=
y'>&#8217;</span></font><font
size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;=

color:navy'>s right!!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Multicasting is out of =
scope of
MANET<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy'>You can read Charter of =
MANET<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<div style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm =
0cm 4.0pt'>

<div>

<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><font =
size=3D3
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>

<hr size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter tabindex=3D-1>

</span></font></div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</spa=
n></font></b><font
size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] <b><span =
style=3D'font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Ha Young, Yoon<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, March =
24, 2004 <st1:time
o:ls=3D"trans" Hour=3D"16" Minute=3D"34" w:st=3D"on">4:34 =
PM</st1:time><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> manet@ietf.org<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [manet] Why =
MAODV and
ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET working group</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Hi =
seniors,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>I really wonder why MAODV =
and ODMRP
drafts are disused.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Are they out of scope of =
MANET
working group?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Please, let me sense the =
reason.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Yours,<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>HaYoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

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Subject: RE: [manet] Why MAODV and ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET working group
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Thread-Topic: [manet] Why MAODV and ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET working group
Thread-Index: AcQRck4ijudUzYumQpC/H5ezDv7+zQAEBxZgAABX4cA=
From: "HaYoung Yoon" <hyyoon@netmedia.kjist.ac.kr>
To: "Youngmin Kim" <blhole@venus.uos.ac.kr>, <manet@ietf.org>
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------_=_NextPart_001_01C41183.DA43233C
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Dear Youngmin Kim

=20

Thank you for your answer.

Have a nice day.:-)

=20

Yours,

Hayoung Yoon

=20

  _____ =20

From: Youngmin Kim [mailto:blhole@venus.uos.ac.kr]=20
Sent: Wednesday, March 24, 2004 6:30 PM
To: HaYoung Yoon; manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] Why MAODV and ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET
working group

=20

That's right!!

Multicasting is out of scope of MANET

=20

You can read Charter of MANET

=20

=20

  _____ =20

From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Ha
Young, Yoon
Sent: Wednesday, March 24, 2004 4:34 PM
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] Why MAODV and ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET
working group

=20

Hi seniors,

=20

I really wonder why MAODV and ODMRP drafts are disused.

=20

Are they out of scope of MANET working group?

=20

Please, let me sense the reason.

=20

Yours,

=20

HaYoung Yoon

=20


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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>Dear Youngmin
Kim<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dnavy face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>Thank you for =
your
answer.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dnavy face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>Have a nice
day.:-)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dnavy face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dnavy face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>Yours,<o:p></o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dnavy face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>Hayoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<div>

<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><font =
size=3D3
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>

<hr size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter tabindex=3D-1>

</span></font></div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</spa=
n></font></b><font
size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
Youngmin Kim [mailto:blhole@venus.uos.ac.kr] <br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, March =
24, 2004 <st1:time
o:ls=3D"trans" Hour=3D"18" Minute=3D"30" w:st=3D"on">6:30 =
PM</st1:time><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> HaYoung Yoon; =
<st1:PersonName
w:st=3D"on">manet@ietf.org</st1:PersonName><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> RE: [manet] Why =
MAODV and
ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET working group</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>That</span></font=
><font
size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial;color:navy'>&#8217;</span></font><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dnavy
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
Gulim;color:navy'>s right!!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>Multicasting
is out of scope of MANET<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>You =
can read
Charter of MANET<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<div style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm =
0cm 4.0pt'>

<div>

<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><font =
size=3D3
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>

<hr size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter tabindex=3D-1>

</span></font></div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</spa=
n></font></b><font
size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] <b><span =
style=3D'font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Ha Young, Yoon<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, March =
24, 2004 <st1:time
o:ls=3D"trans" Hour=3D"16" Minute=3D"34" w:st=3D"on">4:34 =
PM</st1:time><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <st1:PersonName =
w:st=3D"on">manet@ietf.org</st1:PersonName><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [manet] Why =
MAODV and
ODMRP draft is not exist in the MANET working group</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Hi =
seniors,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>I really wonder why MAODV =
and ODMRP
drafts are disused.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Are they out of scope of =
MANET
working group?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Please, let me sense the =
reason.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Yours,<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
layout-grid-mode:char'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>HaYoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

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Subject: [manet] Is there ODMRP implementation codes on NS-2?
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Dear all,

 

 I want to find ODMRP implementation codes on NS-2. 

 

If there is one who knows about that even URL or key-words, let me know
that, please.

 

Yours,

 

Hayoung Yoon


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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Dear =
all,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>&nbsp;I want to find ODMRP =
implementation
codes on NS-2. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>If there is one who knows =
about that
even URL or key-words, let me know that, =
please.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Yours,<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Hayoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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Date: Wed, 24 Mar 2004 09:46:53 -0500
To: Cedric.Adjih@inria.fr, manet@ietf.org
From: Li Li <li.li@crc.ca>
Subject: Re: [manet] MID message received from a non-symmetric neighbor
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Thanks a lot! Cedric. It does help to explain for me. 

Li Li

At 04:48 AM 3/24/2004 +0100, Cedric Adjih wrote:
>On Friday 12 March 2004 21:46, Li Li wrote:
>> If a MID message is received from a non-symmetric neighbor, we'd discard
>> the message. Why is this? For security reasons? If we don't discard the
>> MID, what're the negative impacts?
>
>Hello Li Li,
>
>The issue you are rising, is indeed subtle ;-): the reason MID message
>processing discards packets from non-symmetric neighbors
>(same for TC, and HNA), is mainly for simplicity reasons.
>
>It was introduced when OLSR protocol presentation was clarified
>and simplified around draft-version-8:
>. the problem is that even if you process messages from non-symetric
>neighbors, the "default forwarding algorithm" won't put them
>in the duplicate table. As a result, the negative impact is
>that you could process the same MID twice. Actually, if the
>network is static, and there is no packet loss, you
>will also receive it from some symmetrical neighbor,
>so you would process it at least twice. Not satisfying :-)
>. if you want to prevent this, you have to add some flags in
>the duplicate table, and complicate the processing/forwarding
>algorithm a little bit. Well, it was decided that somehow,
>maybe the potential gain was not worth it.
>
>Hope this helps,
>Regards,
>-- Cedric
> 

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Subject: [manet] OLSP IPv4 autoconfiguration
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Hi,
I have a question about IPv4 autoconfiguration and OLSR. If anybody could
help, I'd be glad!
Section 7 of RFC3626 comments about "Link Sensing" - stating that the
"Link Set" is filled when new neighbors are detected.

The RFC states that on the Link sensing process,
L_local_if_addr =  "Address of the interface which received the Hello
message".

Using OLSR over IPv4 would be helpful if the interfaces connected to the
same link had IP addresses on the same subnet. How OLSR could solve this
issue? 
But, if a new node is turned on, ad if it doesn't have any information
about the IP subnet address of the new neighbors, OLSR wouldn't work,
since it exchanges messages over UDP!!

How could this tie be undone?

Marcos Siqueira.
Campinas University, SP-BR.




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Marcos Antonio de Siqueira wrote:
> But, if a new node is turned on, ad if it doesn't have any information
> about the IP subnet address of the new neighbors, OLSR wouldn't work,
> since it exchanges messages over UDP!!
>=20
> How could this tie be undone?

One solution would be to broadcast OLSR control-traffic on 255.255.255.25=
5.



--=20

--=20
Andreas T=F8nnesen(andreas@olsr.org)
UniK University Graduation Center
University of Oslo
http://www.olsr.org


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Hi,
 
I am trying to implement OLSR according to RFC 3626. I have couple of doubts during implementation. Any comment or suggestion will be helpful.
 
1) While populating 2 hop neighbor table, according to RFC, if "interface address" listed in Hello message does not belong to me, add it in 2 hop neighbor table. There is no check if that address belongs to 1 hop neighbor (i.e. listed in neighbor table). Is it correct or i am missing something ?
 
2) In terms of "associated neighbor/link tuples" concept, each neighbor set entry will point to the list of corresponding "list of link set entries" (under the name of associated link tuples) ?? 
Similarly, each link set entry will point to corresponding "neighbor set entry" (under assocaited neighbor set name) ?
 
This may be implementation detail, but just wanted to know if this will address the expected concept of associated nbr/link tuples.
 
3) In case of addition of a link to an existing neighbor, does neighborhood changes (leading to routing table recomputation)?
 
Your comments will be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance.
 
-MS

Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance Tax Center - File online. File on time.
--0-915202961-1080163088=:63178
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<DIV>Hi,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I am trying to implement OLSR according to RFC 3626. I have couple of doubts during implementation. Any comment or suggestion will be helpful.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>1) While populating 2 hop neighbor table, according to RFC, if "interface address" listed in Hello message does not belong to me, add it in 2 hop neighbor table. There is no check if that address belongs to 1 hop neighbor (i.e. listed in neighbor table). Is it correct or&nbsp;i am&nbsp;missing something ?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>2) In terms of "associated neighbor/link tuples" concept, each neighbor set entry will point to the list of corresponding "list of link set entries" (under the name of associated link tuples) ?? </DIV>
<DIV>Similarly, each link set entry will point to corresponding "neighbor set entry" (under assocaited neighbor set name) ?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>This may be implementation detail, but just wanted to know if this will address the expected concept of associated nbr/link tuples.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>3) In case of addition of a link to an existing neighbor, does neighborhood changes (leading to routing table recomputation)?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Your comments will be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>-MS</DIV><p><font face=arial size=-1>Do you Yahoo!?<br>
<a href="http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html"><b>Yahoo! Finance Tax Center</a></b> - File online. File on time.
--0-915202961-1080163088=:63178--

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Subject: [manet] Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2
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Hi all,

 

Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2.

 

If there is one who knows about that even URL or key-words, let me know

that, please.

 

Yours,

 

Hayoung Yoon

 


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font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Hi all,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Is =
there an available ODMRP
implementation code on NS-2.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
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style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>If =
there is one who knows
about that even URL or key-words, let me =
know<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>that, =
please.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
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face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
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</span></font></p>

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face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Hayoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
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From: "Youngmin Kim" <blhole@venus.uos.ac.kr>
To: <hyyoon@netmedia.kjist.ac.kr>, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2
Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2004 12:43:14 +0900
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http://www.monarch.cs.rice.edu/multicast_extensions.html
 
 
  _____  

From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Ha
Young, Yoon
Sent: Thursday, March 25, 2004 11:14 AM
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2
 
Hi all,
 
Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2.
 
If there is one who knows about that even URL or key-words, let me know
that, please.
 
Yours,
 
Hayoung Yoon
 

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www.monarch.cs.rice.edu/multicast_extensions.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></=
font></p>

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style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:
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nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
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lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</spa=
n></font></b><font
size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] <b><span =
style=3D'font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Ha Young, Yoon<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Thursday, March 25, =
2004 <st1:time
o:ls=3D"trans" Hour=3D"11" Minute=3D"14" w:st=3D"on">11:14 =
AM</st1:time><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> manet@ietf.org<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [manet] Is there =
an
available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim'>Hi all,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Is there an available ODMRP
implementation code on NS-2.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>If there is one who knows =
about that
even URL or key-words, let me know<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>that, =
please.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Yours,<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Hayoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

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From: Cedric Adjih <Cedric.Adjih@inria.fr>
Reply-To: Cedric.Adjih@inria.fr
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR implementation help
Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2004 09:14:46 +0100
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Hello, 

On Wednesday 24 March 2004 22:18, manet user wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I am trying to implement OLSR according to RFC 3626. I have couple of
> doubts during implementation. Any comment or suggestion will be helpful.
>
> 1) While populating 2 hop neighbor table, according to RFC, if "interface
> address" listed in Hello message does not belong to me, add it in 2 hop
> neighbor table. There is no check if that address belongs to 1 hop neighbor
> (i.e. listed in neighbor table). Is it correct or i am missing something ?

This was intentional, although the reason is not laid out clearly:
the reason is that if one of your neighbors moves slightly, your link 
to it may break, but it would still likely be a two-hop neighbor.
The bet was that some two-hop neighbor relationships would still
be valid in that case, so 
instead of waiting for the HELLOs of all neighbors in order fill
the two-hop table with information about the moving previous-neighbor;
proactively, the two-hop neighbor sets are made to include one-hop
neighbor information.
Of course, you probably noted that, then, the requirement of the RFC
to ignore them, for instance in MPR calculation, would need to
be implemented explicitly. Extra work ;-)

> 2) In terms of "associated neighbor/link tuples" concept, each neighbor set
> entry will point to the list of corresponding "list of link set entries"
> (under the name of associated link tuples) ?? Similarly, each link set
> entry will point to corresponding "neighbor set entry" (under assocaited
> neighbor set name) ?
>
> This may be implementation detail, but just wanted to know if this will
> address the expected concept of associated nbr/link tuples.

Yes indeed, this is exactly the idea.

Ah but also, when implementing the association that way, the only
possible difficulty is handling main address change of a neighbor:
if you were to create a new neighbor tuple with the new main
address, the older link tuples might not point back to new neighbor
tuple, which may, or may not create troubles later, depending
on the implementation (been there, done that).

For inquirying minds, the case of main address change is not as
obscure as it may sounds, since it occurs when you are hearing a
neighbor from one of its interface which has not the main address
- that is, you should expect to met this case, as soon as you have
one node with several interfaces in your network.

> 3) In case of addition of a link to an existing neighbor, does neighborhood
> changes (leading to routing table recomputation)?

Yes, it's a good idea to consider that the neighborhood
has changed (and to recompute MPRs and routing table).
After all, that's what really happened :-)

Happy to see there is even more interest in OLSR implementation,
Regards,
-- Cedric

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From: Cedric Adjih <Cedric.Adjih@inria.fr>
Reply-To: Cedric.Adjih@inria.fr
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [olsr] Re: [manet] OLSR implementation help
Date: Thu, 25 Mar 2004 14:17:14 +0100
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Hello Ignacy,

On Thursday 25 March 2004 12:38, Ignacy Gawedzki wrote:
> On Thu, Mar 25, 2004 at 09:14:46AM +0100, thus spake C=E9dric Adjih:
> > For inquirying minds, the case of main address change is not as
> > obscure as it may sounds, since it occurs when you are hearing a
> > neighbor from one of its interface which has not the main address
> > - that is, you should expect to met this case, as soon as you have
> > one node with several interfaces in your network.
>
> This is wrong.  Unless a node changes its main address itself, you woul=
d
> never add a tuple in any 1-hop neighbor set with the main address not
> being the actual main address of the node.  A new link to a 1-hop
> neighbor is added upon reception of a HELLO message from that neighbor.
> But the HELLO message, as well as any other OLSR message, contains the
> originator address, which is *always* a node's main address.  As a side
> note, this information could be used to populate the Interface
> Association Set for 1-hop neighbors, in addition to MID messages.

This is perfectly true, it could be used. I forgot this important idea,
I stand corrected, thank you for clearing this :-)
But still, the problem, is twofolds:
- we didn't precise that this (using HELLO to populate Multiple
Interface Association Information Base) should be done in the RFC. A
RFC-compliant implementation might choose to not to do that.
- if you use HELLOs to populate the Multiple Interface  Association
Information Base, now the subtle issue is the following: what
expire time do you use?=20
  . It would make sense to use the vtime of the HELLO.
  . But if the vtime of the MID are lesser, really what you'd
like to do is to take the vtime of the MID (because there might
a very good reason why the other node set the MID to a low value).

In practice using the vtime of the HELLO, is no problem, but this
can lead to the theoritical following scenario, where an "unoptimized"
implementation would have performed better, unless I am=20
mistaken:
- a neighbor sends one HELLO with a big vtime (possible if it=20
relies on the "LOST" status to remove links if necessary later)
- a multiple interface association entry is added with=20
  expire time =3D big vtime of the HELLO + current time
- the neighbor changes its main address (for instance it was
performing IPv4/IPv6 autoconfiguration on a temporary main
address, in a scheme similar to the one proposed for AODV).
- the multiple interface association base is still polluted for
a *big* time, with bogus multiple interface association tuples
(which will be bogus competitors of the new ones, thus with
implementation dependant results :-( ).
-> Note while this may not be clever behavior from the part of the
neighbor, this is still RFC-compliant behavior.

What pyOLSR does for instance, on the other hand, is to
add the multiple interface association (MIA) tuple from the HELLO,
only for the duration, the processing of the HELLO, but as you noticed=20
then, the MIA tuples won't be there for processing of other messages.
Maybe qolyester had already choosen to do the same :-)
Or you can play adding min(...)+flags in the MIAB.

>
> The only time where some confusion is possible between interface
> address and main address is when populating the 2-hop neighbor set.  Fo=
r
> example, consider the current node A, a 1-hop neighbor B and a 2-hop
> neighbor C that has two interfaces with addresses C1 and C2, C1 being
> its main address.  Say that B hears C through interface C2, then a HELL=
O
> message from B contains an entry with address C2 and A has no way to
> know that in fact C1 and C2 belong to the same node.  There are two way=
s
> to deal with that:
>
>   1) Correct the 2-hop tuple upon reception of the MID message. I.e.
>   replace any (*, C2) with (*, C1).
>
>   2) Ignore the confusion until another HELLO message from B is
>   received.  Before updating the 2-hop neighbor set, check if the 2-hop
>   address resolves to another main address (because a MID message has
>   arrived in the meantime) and if so, remove explicitly the 2-hop tuple
>   (B, C2).  Then update the 2-hop neighbor set as usually: add (B, C1)
>   in the set with a new validity time.
>
> Solution 1 should be avoided, since a lot of computation is required fo=
r
> a pretty rare case.
>
> Solution 2 is in fact the preferred one,  since the false information i=
n
> the 2-hop neighbor set would only bias MPR computation a bit until
> another HELLO is received after the reception of the MID message.

Good idea!

>
> Important remark: 2-hop addresses in the 2-hop tuples are main addresse=
s
> of the nodes.  Consider now the following scenario:  A HELLO from B
> makes A put (B, C2) in its 2-hop neighbor set.  Then a MID message from
> C informs A that C has two interfaces C1 and C2, with C1 being the main
> address.  Then the arrival of a TC message at A triggers an MPR
> computation.  Since 2-hop addresses in 2-hop tuples are main addresses,
> there is no apparent reason to resolve these while doing MPR
> computation, thus A "doesn't see" C1 and C2 as the same 2-hop neighbor.
> This remains so until A receives a HELLO message from B and then remove=
s
> (B, C2) from the 2-hop neighbor set and inserts (B, C1).  Since the
> 2-hop neighbor set has been changed, an MPR computation is triggered.
>
> I suppose that keeping 2-hop neighbor's interface addresses in 2-hop
> tuples instead of main addresses and performing main address resolution
> at MPR selection time would lead to more accurate behavior.  This would
> have a negative impact on performance though, since address resolution
> would not be "cached" into the 2-hop tuples.

Regards,
-- Cedric

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Subject: RE: [manet] Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2
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Thank you, again.=20

=20

=20

  _____ =20

From: Youngmin Kim [mailto:blhole@venus.uos.ac.kr]=20
Sent: Thursday, March 25, 2004 12:43 PM
To: HaYoung Yoon; manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on
NS-2

=20

http://www.monarch.cs.rice.edu/multicast_extensions.html

=20

=20

  _____ =20

From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Ha
Young, Yoon
Sent: Thursday, March 25, 2004 11:14 AM
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2

=20

Hi all,

=20

Is there an available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2.

=20

If there is one who knows about that even URL or key-words, let me know

that, please.

=20

Yours,

=20

Hayoung Yoon

=20


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	{margin:0cm;
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a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
	{color:blue;
	text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
	{color:purple;
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span.EmailStyle17
	{mso-style-type:personal;
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	{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
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	{size:595.3pt 841.9pt;
	margin:99.25pt 3.0cm 3.0cm 3.0cm;}
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	{page:Section1;}
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</style>

</head>

<body lang=3DKO link=3Dblue vlink=3Dpurple>

<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'>Thank you,
again. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<div>

<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><font =
size=3D3
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>

<hr size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter tabindex=3D-1>

</span></font></div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</spa=
n></font></b><font
size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
Youngmin Kim [mailto:blhole@venus.uos.ac.kr] <br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Thursday, March 25, =
2004 <st1:time
o:ls=3D"trans" Hour=3D"12" Minute=3D"43" w:st=3D"on">12:43 =
PM</st1:time><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> HaYoung Yoon; =
<st1:PersonName
w:st=3D"on">manet@ietf.org</st1:PersonName><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> RE: [manet] Is =
there an
available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><a
href=3D"http://www.monarch.cs.rice.edu/multicast_extensions.html">http://=
www.monarch.cs.rice.edu/multicast_extensions.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></=
font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<div style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm =
0cm 4.0pt'>

<div>

<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><font =
size=3D3
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>

<hr size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter tabindex=3D-1>

</span></font></div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</spa=
n></font></b><font
size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] <b><span =
style=3D'font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Ha Young, Yoon<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Thursday, March 25, =
2004 <st1:time
o:ls=3D"trans" Hour=3D"11" Minute=3D"14" w:st=3D"on">11:14 =
AM</st1:time><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <st1:PersonName =
w:st=3D"on">manet@ietf.org</st1:PersonName><br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [manet] Is there =
an
available ODMRP implementation code on NS-2</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim'>Hi all,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Is there an available ODMRP
implementation code on NS-2.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>If there is one who knows =
about that
even URL or key-words, let me know<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>that, =
please.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Yours,<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font
size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Hayoung =
Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
text-indent:5.0pt'><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Mar 25 11:15:01 2004
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From: "yazeed al-sbou" <yazeed-al-sbou@maktoob.com>
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Subject: [manet] Asking about ping..
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 Hi all....
I want to ask about the ping in ns, why in the tracegraph the sequence number is
-1?
how can get the sequence number if i want to send more than one ping during the
simulation time.??

thanks in advance..
yours..


Yazeed Ahamd Al-Sbou, Research Student
School of Engineering
Sheaf Building - Room 4311,
Sheffield Hallam University,City Campus
Sheiffield, S1 1WB
Tel(university):+441142253254
Mobile 00447813402741
Yazeed.A.Al-Sbou@student.shu.ac.uk
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Hello folks,

During the recent meeting, the abovementioned draft
was discussed.   The draft has been submitted for a
long time, but after finally reading the draft, and
motivated by the recent WG discussion, I have a few
comments.

- In section 2.1, it is stated that mobility makes
  the use of directional antennas into a pointless
  exercise.  There are numerous studies that conclude
  otherwise.  It seems likely that, given sufficient
  justification, a workable system can be built.
  Whether or not the additional cost is justified
  compared to other expenses is debatable.  Overall,
  however, I would say that "pointless" is far too
  strong an adjective in this sentence.

- In section 2.3, the acronym "VC" is left undefined.

- In section 2.5, the misconception is promulgated
  that receiving takes less power than transmitting.
  While it is typically true per message, the fact is
  that receiving is often more power-consuming
  when the receiver has to be always powered up.
  In contrast, typically the transmitter can be
  powered down during most of the timm.

- In section 2.7, if a node's ability to support new
  neighbors is exhausted, then one can truly say that
  the number of neighbors is numerically limited,
  so that the nodal degree is limited.  Said another
  way, geographic proximity may not result in network
  adjacency.

- In section 2.8, replace "should not thrash" by
  "should avoid thrashing"

- In section 2.9, last paragraph: the suggested
  strategy requires too much binding between a node's
  IPv4 addressability and its IPv6 addressability.
  This issue may not need solution in this document
  anyway.  In fact, I question the need for binding
  even separate network interfaces to the same nodal
  identifier, but again that is a separate issue.

- Section 2.10 gets to the heart of a crucial
  problem.  I would suggest that it be taken as
  a requirement to outfit the OSPF implementations
  so that unreliable flooding is acceptable,
  otherwise I just don't believe the solution
  will be scalable.

I have other minor editorial improvements to
suggest which don't really need to be brought
out here; if the authors are interested, I will
be happy to send them.

Regards,
Charlie P.

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Hello folks,

During the recent WG meeting in Seoul, our Area
Director pointed out that we did not seem to be
making progress towards meeting the goal on the
WG charter:

     Jul 03   Develop a further focused problem
              statement and address an approach
              for a common engineering work effort

After that, I was quite surprised by a comment
made to the effect that a problem statement
had been submitted, but not much attention
had been given to comments on that document.

I found this to be very surprising, because the
document referred to was the OSPF problem
statement (for which I submitted comments a
few minutes ago).

Up until that point, I would not have thought
that the OSPF problem statement was in any
way intended to meet the task outlined in the
abovementioned WG charter item.

I have written down some other thoughts for a
more general problem statement that focuses
on other tasks besides determining the
appropriate extensions for OSPF so that that
protocol can be used in connection with
operating ad hoc networks.  I had always
thought that the point of the OSPF work would
be to enable OSPF routers to adjoin ad hoc
networks to infrastructure networks, and
Fred has made some presentations explaining
various thinking along these lines.

I'll try to post this initial document after
one or two more proofreadings.  I reckon it's
time to do something about the charter item,
so we can proceed.

Regards,
Charlie P.

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From: Cedric Adjih <Cedric.Adjih@inria.fr>
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Subject: Re: [olsr] Re: [manet] OLSR implementation help
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On Thursday 25 March 2004 16:12, Ignacy Gawedzki wrote:
> [...snip..]
>
> > In practice using the vtime of the HELLO, is no problem, but this
> > can lead to the theoritical following scenario, where an "unoptimized"
> > implementation would have performed better, unless I am
> > mistaken:
> > - a neighbor sends one HELLO with a big vtime (possible if it
> > relies on the "LOST" status to remove links if necessary later)
> > - a multiple interface association entry is added with
> >   expire time = big vtime of the HELLO + current time
> > - the neighbor changes its main address (for instance it was
> > performing IPv4/IPv6 autoconfiguration on a temporary main
> > address, in a scheme similar to the one proposed for AODV).
> > - the multiple interface association base is still polluted for
> > a *big* time, with bogus multiple interface association tuples
> > (which will be bogus competitors of the new ones, thus with
> > implementation dependant results :-( ).
> > -> Note while this may not be clever behavior from the part of the
> > neighbor, this is still RFC-compliant behavior.
>
> Hmmm, right, the RFC says that a node SHOULD keep the same main address.
> =)
>
> > What pyOLSR does for instance, on the other hand, is to
> > add the multiple interface association (MIA) tuple from the HELLO,
> > only for the duration, the processing of the HELLO, but as you noticed
> > then, the MIA tuples won't be there for processing of other messages.
>
> I don't quite get the use of that.  If the MIA tuple is available only
> during the processing of the HELLO message, it won't be used.  


Well it will be used during the processing of the HELLO message
which is enough to have now a Neighbor Tuple with the proper
main address (along with MPR Selector Tuples, thus it should 
generate proper TCs...).

> It would 
> have been used during the processing of *another* HELLO message, where
> an interface's address belonging to the originator of the first HELLO
> would need resolution.

Which is the point :-) In the scenario I gave, the MIA tuple becomes
incorrect, and still stays for a long time. So I do not want to
use it. Of course then the two hop neighbor set is less correct.
Pick your poison :-)

Now I see that you could also try to detect that case and
explictly remove that bogus MIA tuple, but notice this is not done by
step 2 of "5.4 MID Message Processing".

Regards,
-- Cedric

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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?kani=20sundar?= <skanimaran@yahoo.com>
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Subject: [manet] Analysis of adhoc Routing protocols !!!
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--0-69899716-1080355019=:70285
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Hi all,
 
        I am currently doing my master thesis in Qos in Adhoc networks.
 
Hence i want to know about the analysis of adhoc routing protocol in DSR. Hence in my thesis i have to explain the analysis of DSR in adhoc networks.I want to know clearly what are the things i need to explain and if possible can anybody give me a website i.e links  which has lot of details about analysis of DSR in adhoc networks.
 
Can anyone help me out.
 
Kanimaran 

		
---------------------------------
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<DIV>Hi all,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I am currently doing my master thesis in&nbsp;Qos in Adhoc networks.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Hence i&nbsp;want to know about the analysis of adhoc routing protocol in DSR. Hence in my thesis i have to explain the analysis of DSR in adhoc networks.I want to know clearly what are the things i need to explain and if possible&nbsp;can&nbsp;anybody give me a website i.e links &nbsp;which has lot of details about analysis of DSR in adhoc networks.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Can anyone help me&nbsp;out.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Kanimaran&nbsp;</DIV><p>
		<hr size=1> <font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>WIN FREE WORLDWIDE 
FLIGHTS</strong> - nominate a cafe in the <a href="http://www.yahoo.co.uk/internetcafes">Yahoo! 
Mail Internet Cafe Awards</a></font>
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From: sumanth sarma <sumanth_smiles@yahoo.com>
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Subject: [manet] Ariadne
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Hi
     I am very new to this field. I am trying to
simulate Ariadne Routing Protocol using ns2 and and
modify it to use digital signatures based on HORS .
Please if anyone can give me some suggestions before
starting and I saw monarch site. But still have doubts
on ns2.
anyways any help can be appreciated. 
thanks
sumanth

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Date: Sun, 28 Mar 2004 14:16:05 -0500 (EST)
From: Vinayak Naik <naik@cis.ohio-state.edu>
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Subject: [manet] transmission failure info from 802.11 cards
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I have a quick question about an ad-hoc network that we are trying
to build with 802.11 cards.

In simulators (such as ns-2), a transmission failure at the MAC layer
results in a callback to the routing layer to try for an alternate route.
However, with real 802.11 cards in a testbed, is it possible to get
a feedback about failure of MAC layer delivery?

Are there any special 802.11 cards that might have this feature?

Thanks,

Vinayak



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Subject: Re: [manet] Simulation and comaprison of ad hoc routing protocols
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Hi,

I am also working on a similar project except that we have developed a variant 
on an existing ad-hoc routing algorithm. We need to compare our algorithm with 
existing ones, atleast the simplest flood model.

Did you have any luck with finding some information on using OPNET for 
simulation. Any information would be helpful.

Thanks,
Nithin

----------
http://www.nitboss.com


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--0-1976753178-1080541627=:90209
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Hai friends,
 
  I need a small help.
 
   I need to send a control packet before sending a route request packet.
 
   If  I intiate the control packet in the router function, this particular function is called only when the simulation time of application layer starts.
 
But i need to do it in the initial period of the simulaiton. And this control packet should be handled by all the nodes as it does for route req packet.  
 
Please reply.


---------------------------------
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Yahoo! Finance Tax Center - File online. File on time.
--0-1976753178-1080541627=:90209
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii

<DIV>Hai friends,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp; I need a small help.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp; I need to send a control packet before sending a route request packet.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp; If&nbsp; I intiate the control packet in the router function, this particular function is called only when the simulation time of application layer starts.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>But i need to do it in the initial period of the simulaiton. And this control packet should be handled by all the nodes as it does for route req packet.&nbsp; </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Please reply.</DIV><p><hr size=1><font face=arial size=-1>Do you Yahoo!?<br>
<a href="http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html"><b>Yahoo! Finance Tax Center</a></b> - File online. File on time.
--0-1976753178-1080541627=:90209--

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Subject: [manet] Get routes in NS-2 at Tcl level
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Hi everyone.=20
=20
Does anyone have already need to get the routing tables (whatever the rou=
ting=20
protocol) in NS-2 at (O)Tcl level ? Is it necessary to modify the C++ sou=
rce=20
code to get these data or is it already available ? I am currently workin=
g on=20
the 2.27 version.=20
=20
Excuse me, I am a bit lost into the NS-2 internals... It seems well hard =
to=20
find all of that... :(=20
=20
Thanks for your help.=20
=20
David TYLSKI=20
<david.tylski@free.fr>=20

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Subject: Re: [manet] transmission failure info from 802.11 cards
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--On Sunday, March 28, 2004 2:16 PM -0500 Vinayak Naik 
<naik@cis.ohio-state.edu> wrote:
> In simulators (such as ns-2), a transmission failure at the MAC layer
> results in a callback to the routing layer to try for an alternate route.
> However, with real 802.11 cards in a testbed, is it possible to get
> a feedback about failure of MAC layer delivery?

I'm not sure.  When we built the Monarch testbed back in 1998, the WaveLAN 
cards didn't support 802.11 yet, so we implemented both passive 
acknowledgments and network layer acks.

The Orinoco cards I've played around with since then have a counter for 
failed transmissions, which you could probably poll after sending a packet.

-dam

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Date: Mon, 29 Mar 2004 11:42:46 -0600
From: David Young <dyoung@pobox.com>
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] transmission failure info from 802.11 cards
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On Sun, Mar 28, 2004 at 02:16:05PM -0500, Vinayak Naik wrote:
> 
> I have a quick question about an ad-hoc network that we are trying
> to build with 802.11 cards.
> 
> In simulators (such as ns-2), a transmission failure at the MAC layer
> results in a callback to the routing layer to try for an alternate route.
> However, with real 802.11 cards in a testbed, is it possible to get
> a feedback about failure of MAC layer delivery?
> 
> Are there any special 802.11 cards that might have this feature?

Virtually every 802.11 card provides feedback.  Lucent & Prism cards
will indicate a transmit failure after the retry count has expired.
The 802.11 ASICs by Atheros, ADMtek, and Realtek will tell you how many
times they re-tried a transmission. The hardware capability is there,
however, the Tx-failure indications do not climb the networking stack
to routing daemons.

Dave

-- 
David Young             OJC Technologies
dyoung@ojctech.com      Urbana, IL * (217) 278-3933

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Registration is now open!  Register by April 21, 2004 for
reduced registration costs!

======================================================================

             ** CALL FOR PARTICIPATION **

The Fifth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc
       Networking and Computing (MobiHoc) 2004
           www.sigmobile.org/mobihoc/2004/

                   May 24-26, 2004
                     Tokyo, Japan

MobiHoc 2004 is the fifth of a series of annual meetings sponsored by
ACM SIGMOBILE, focusing on the latest research in the rapidly growing
area of mobile ad hoc networking and computing. The first MobiHoc was
held in 2000 in Boston, Massachusetts, as a workshop affiliated with
the MobiCom conference also sponsored by SIGMOBILE. Since then, MobiHoc
has become a separate symposium, held in 2001 at Long Beach, 
California, in 2002 at Lausanne, Switzerland, in 2003 at Annapolis,
Maryland, and now in 2004 at Tokyo, Japan.

PROGRAM

The MobiHoc 2004 program will consist of tutorials, technical papers
and posters.  Five tutorials will be presented, including tutorials on
power control protocols in ad hoc networks, topology control, and
sensor networks.  The technical program spans 2 days and consists of
24 papers covering a wide variety of topics related to ad hoc
networks and sensor networks.

Please visit the MobiHoc 2004 Home Page at
www.sigmobile.org/mobihoc/2004/,
or send email to the General Chair, Jun Murai
jun-mobihoc2004@wide.ad.jp or to mobihoc2004@isrmail.isr.umd.edu for
any questions or for more information about the symposium.




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From: panneer pandi <gppme@yahoo.com>
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Subject: [manet] reg: sending control packet
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--0-1510845198-1080629944=:16450
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

Hello Sir,
 
 I am in need of your help,
 
I need to send a control packet before sending a route request packet. 
   If  I intiate the control packet in the router function, this particular function is called only when the simulation time of application layer starts.
 
But i need to do it in the initial period of the simulaiton. And this control packet should be handled by all the nodes as it does for route req packet.  
 
If i set timer to activate this control packet and put it in the init function of dsr.pc this packet is not handled by other nodes. 
Please reply.



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--0-1510845198-1080629944=:16450
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii

<DIV>Hello Sir,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;I am in need of your help,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I&nbsp;need to send a control packet before sending a route request packet.
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp; If&nbsp; I intiate the control packet in the router function, this particular function is called only when the simulation time of application layer starts.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>But i need to do it in the initial period of the simulaiton. And this control packet should be handled by all the nodes as it does for route req packet.&nbsp; </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>If i set timer to activate this control packet and put it in the init function of&nbsp;dsr.pc this packet is not handled by other nodes.&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Please reply.</DIV></DIV><p><hr size=1><font face=arial size=-1>Do you Yahoo!?<br>
<a href="http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html"><b>Yahoo! Finance Tax Center</a></b> - File online. File on time.
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Subject: [manet] Can I make the muliple channel configuration in MANET?
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Hi all,

  

           Link1                        Link2

[WN1]- - - - - - - - - - - - [WN2]- - - - - - - - - - - [WN3]

                             |

|

|  Link3

|

|

[WN4]

 

 

On the MANET topology above, is it available to make each links on different
channel in 802.11b? 

 

I want to make all links are communicating at the same time. 

 

If it is available, how to I configure? 

 

If it is not, let me know the reason.

 

If you have any information about them above, drop me a note, please. 

 

Have a nice day~

 

Regards,

 

HaYoung Yoon


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nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Link1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Link2<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>[WN1]- - - - - - - - - - - - [WN2]- - - - =
- - - - - - - [WN3]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
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nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
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<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:130.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
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style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>|<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:130.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>|<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:125.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>[WN4]<o:p></o:p><=
/span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>On the MANET topology above, is it =
available to make each links
on different channel in 802.11b? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>I want to make all links are communicating =
at the same time. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>If it is available, how to I configure? =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>If it is not, let me know the =
reason.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>If you have any information about them =
above, drop me a note,
please. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Have a nice =
day~<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>HaYoung Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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Subject: [manet] Can I make the muliple channel configuration in MANET?
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Hi all,

  

           Link1                        Link2

[WN1]- - - - - - - - - - - - [WN2]- - - - - - - - - - - [WN3]

                             |

|

|  Link3

|

|

[WN4]

 

 

On the MANET topology above, is it available to make each links on different
channel in 802.11b? 

 

I want to make all links are communicating at the same time. 

 

If it is available, how to I configure? 

 

If it is not, let me know the reason.

 

If you have any information about them above, drop me a note, please. 

 

Have a nice day~

 

Regards,

 

HaYoung Yoon


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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Hi all,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>&nbsp; <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Link1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Link2<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>[WN1]- - - - - - - - - - - - [WN2]- - - - =
- - - - - - - [WN3]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&=
nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n=
bsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
|<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:130.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>|<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:130.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>|&nbsp; =
Link3<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:130.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>|<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:130.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>|<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:125.0pt'><font size=3D2 =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>[WN4]<o:p></o:p><=
/span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>On the MANET topology above, is it =
available to make each links
on different channel in 802.11b? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>I want to make all links are communicating =
at the same time. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>If it is available, how to I configure? =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>If it is not, let me know the =
reason.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>If you have any information about them =
above, drop me a note,
please. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Have a nice =
day~<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:&#44404;&#47548;'>HaYoung Yoon<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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The paper submission deadline has been extended to 
Monday April 5, 2004 11:59PM PST!

No further extensions will be given!


            ***************************************************
            ******           CALL FOR PAPERS          *********
            ***************************************************
            *                                                 *
            *              IFIP/IEEE MWCN 2004                *
            * The Sixth IFIP/IEEE International Conference on *
            *    Mobile and Wireless Communications Networks  *
            *                                                 *
            *      Paris, France,  25 - 27 October, 2004      *
            *                                                 *
            *             http://mwcn2004.lri.fr/             *
            ***************************************************


MWCN 2004 is the sixth annual international conference dedicated to
advancing research on mobile wireless networks.  In the past few
years, there has been growing interest in integrating stand-alone
mobile networks with infrastructured wireless networks to create more
robust and adaptable wireless networks.  To further encourage research
in this area, the theme of this years conference is:

** Convergence of Mobile Wireless Networks and the Internet **

You are invited to submit original papers to the conference for
review.  Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the
following areas:

 * Mobile network architecture
 * Resource and information management
 * Mobility support, protocols, and algorithms
 * Connection management
 * Applications
 * Mobile ad hoc networks
 * Wireless local area networks
 * Analysis and simulation of mobile networks
 * Evaluation of mobile network testbeds
 * Mobile network security
 * Quality of service
 * Energy efficiency of protocols and devices


All papers should be submitted electronically in Portable Document
Format (PDF).  Submissions should be in English, and the maximum page
length is 6 pages in no smaller than 10 point font.  The name and
affiliation of all authors should be included on the paper, and the
contact information for the lead author should be included in a cover
page.  Full submission instructions can be found at
http://mwcn2004.lri.fr


IMPORTANT DATES
---------------

Submission deadline:        April 5, 2004, 11:59PM PST (Deadline
Extended!)
Notification of acceptance: June 1, 2004
Camera-ready deadline:      July 1, 2004
Conference:                 25-27 October 2004



Conference General Chairs
-------------------------

Khaldoun Al Agha
LRI, University of Paris XI, France
khaldoun.alagha@lri.fr

Guy Pujolle
University of Paris VI, France
guy.pujolle@lip6.fr


Conference Technical Program Chair 
----------------------------------

Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer
University of California, Santa Barbara
ebelding@cs.ucsb.edu





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Date: Thu, 04 Mar 2004 11:21:56 +0100
From: Guillaume Chelius <guillaume.chelius@insa-lyon.fr>
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To: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
Cc: manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Hello,

Since Richard is quoting my mail of last year, I just want to reexpress 
my opinions on the subject. I think that the gateway discovery process 
(and prefix advertizement in IPv6) is deeply bound to the routing 
mechanism. As it has already been said many times, by myself and by 
others, the mechanism can be easily integrated into a proactive routing 
protocol. It requires the definition/addition of few flags/fields and 
would not only reduce the load induced by a separate gateway 
advertisement protocol but also set up an interesting adequation between 
the reactivity of the routing protocol and the advertizement frequency 
of gateways. Who wants to receive gateway advertizements every 2 seconds 
if routes are only refreshed  every 5 seconds (or the opposite)?

In the case of a reactive protocol, as Richard and Joe already said it, 
it could be usefull or interesting to design a proactive gateway 
advertizement protocol. The two gateway advertizement modes of operation 
(proactive or reactive) present different advantages and may be applied 
in different situations:
  - proactive: constant load (independant of the number of nodes 
accessing the Internet).
  - reactive: linear load in the number of nodes accessing the Internet.

In conclusion, I think there is no need for a separate gateway/prefix 
advertizement protocol when a proactive routing protocol is used. It 
would be a waste (medium use) not to include it in the routing protocol. 
In the case of a reactive protocol, things are different as proactive 
advertizement can still be usefull.

To go on with the discussion, I think the main issue is the following: 
should we impose or not gateway/prefix continuity.
  - with gateway/prefix continuity: routes are not optimal; routes to 
the gateway and routes to the Internet through the gateway may differ as 
they are computed respectively by the routing protocol and by the 
advertizement mechanism; defalt routing may be used to join the Internet.
  - without gateway/prefix continuity: routes are potentially optimal 
(depending on the routing protocol); necessity to use tunneling/source 
routing.

If we give an answer to this question, other issues and implementations 
will be more straightforward.

Regards,
Guillaume.

Richard Ogier wrote:
 > In fact, I made a similar point last September, which I will repeat
 > here:
 >
 > On 22 July 2002 Guillaume Chelius wrote:



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Cc: guillaume.chelius@insa-lyon.fr,
        Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>,
        manet <manet@ietf.org>
From: Thomas Noel <Thomas.Noel@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
Date: Fri, 5 Mar 2004 09:16:51 +0100
To: Richard Ogier <ogier@earthlink.net>
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>
Richard,

>   IF we decide we need
> to ensure prefix continuity (and I have doubts about this),
> then the link-state routing protocol can be modified to achieve this,
> using link-state routing (instead of distance vectors).
>

I'm a co-author of draft draft-jelger-manet-gateway-autoconf

Just to clarify the situation why do you doubt about prefix continuity ?


Regards


Thomas


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To: guillaume.chelius@insa-lyon.fr
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Guillaume,

Just on point, see inline my comment. In general I agree that gateway 
discovery should not be separated, as stated in the draft. We first 
implemented it as a stand-alone process to check the operation. As you 
know, we plan to integrate it into OLSR. (see below for a last comment)

Guillaume Chelius wrote:

> Hello,
>
> Since Richard is quoting my mail of last year, I just want to 
> reexpress my opinions on the subject. I think that the gateway 
> discovery process (and prefix advertizement in IPv6) is deeply bound 
> to the routing mechanism. As it has already been said many times, by 
> myself and by others, the mechanism can be easily integrated into a 
> proactive routing protocol. It requires the definition/addition of few 
> flags/fields and would not only reduce the load induced by a separate 
> gateway advertisement protocol but also set up an interesting 
> adequation between the reactivity of the routing protocol and the 
> advertizement frequency of gateways. Who wants to receive gateway 
> advertizements every 2 seconds if routes are only refreshed  every 5 
> seconds (or the opposite)?
>
> In the case of a reactive protocol, as Richard and Joe already said 
> it, it could be usefull or interesting to design a proactive gateway 
> advertizement protocol. The two gateway advertizement modes of 
> operation (proactive or reactive) present different advantages and may 
> be applied in different situations:
>  - proactive: constant load (independant of the number of nodes 
> accessing the Internet).
>  - reactive: linear load in the number of nodes accessing the Internet.
>
> In conclusion, I think there is no need for a separate gateway/prefix 
> advertizement protocol when a proactive routing protocol is used. It 
> would be a waste (medium use) not to include it in the routing 
> protocol. In the case of a reactive protocol, things are different as 
> proactive advertizement can still be usefull.
>
> To go on with the discussion, I think the main issue is the following: 
> should we impose or not gateway/prefix continuity.
>  - with gateway/prefix continuity: routes are not optimal; routes to 
> the gateway and routes to the Internet through the gateway may differ 
> as they are computed respectively by the routing protocol and by the 
> advertizement mechanism; defalt routing may be used to join the Internet.
>  - without gateway/prefix continuity: routes are potentially optimal 
> (depending on the routing protocol); necessity to use tunneling/source 
> routing.

With prefix continuity, routes are optimal if we use the "distance" 
algorithm : always choose closest gateway. In that case the route is a 
shortest route, but it can be different than the shortest route computed 
by the routing protocol. On the other hand, if we use the algorithm 
"prefix stability", then the route might not be optimal (I'm currently 
simulating this and it appears that routes are not much longer on average).

>
> If we give an answer to this question, other issues and 
> implementations will be more straightforward.
>
> Regards,
> Guillaume.
>
> Richard Ogier wrote:
> > In fact, I made a similar point last September, which I will repeat
> > here:
> >
> > On 22 July 2002 Guillaume Chelius wrote:
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet




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Date: Fri, 05 Mar 2004 00:41:11 +0800
From: "Sukanta K. Hazra" <sukanta@i2r.a-star.edu.sg>
Subject: Re: [manet] Request of Comments on the i-d
 ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt
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Hi!

Comments inline.

----- Original Message -----
From: "Pete Sholander <psholand@scires.com>"
Date: Wed, 03 Mar, 2004 22:15 SGT
Subject: Re: [manet] Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt

> If the charter doesn't include "internet connectivity" then it should be, IMHO :)  

I strongly agree.

> 
> Standardizing that feature would be most useful to my customer set.  Futhermore having a simple method that scaled to 50-100 node sized MANETs (with a reasonably-planned set of address blocks) might suffice for now.  A general solution might be a ANS problem.

I don't quite feel comfortable with restricting the scope of the
solution to 50-100 nodes (at least not in so many words). 
Pushing the problem to ANS is not a solution.  Networks do and will
grow, and we will face the same problem again in near future. Any
solution which is proposed should keep scalability in mind, which means
be wary of flooding (even something which is as seemingly harmless as broadcast
every 2 seconds may come back and haunt you in large dense networks).

- Sukanta

> 
> --Pete Sholander
> Atlanta, GA
> 
> >>> Ryuji Wakikawa <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp> 03/03/04 01:58AM >>>
> 
> I think the first step is MANET WG should make decision whether the WG
> includes internet connectivity stuff in manet charter or
> not. Otherwise, many similar drafts are submitted without any progress
> at IETF. 
> 
> <snip>
> 
> ryuji
> 
> 
> At Tue, 2 Mar 2004 16:07:17 +0900,
> HyunWook Cha wrote:
> > 
> > Hello, all.
> > 
> > After my presentation is finished, I got two comments. Although Paal's
> > comments which are more technical seem to be resolved(I guess. If wrong,
> > please correct me, Paal), I think that I must tell what is different
> > with existing solutions for MANET Internet connectivity in my draft. 
> > 
> > As I mentioned at my presentation, my draft consists of two component.
> > Route determination algorithm and Forwarding algorithm. As you know,
> > these are critical parts in this area(Int. Connectivity) and all
> > existing solutions address with their own way. 
> > 
> > Firstly, route optimization is not mentioned at existing drafts
> > referenced by mine (If wrong, please correct me.) 
> > 
> > As for proposed forwarding algorithm, forwarding using default route can
> > be done for packets without routing header. I.E, after look up of
> > routing table with destination address fails, forwarding decision is
> > based on source global address of the packet. That is, gw_info list is
> > searched with source prefix. If matched gw_info is found, the packet is
> > forwarded through host route entry for the gw advertising the prefix.
> > Thus, multiple addresses from multiple gateways can be configured in a
> > node and intermediate nodes can forward packets without routing header
> > only if gateway info list is maintained in the node.
> > 
> > I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous drafts
> > including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. Personally I also
> > believe that this area is very important and it is time to make
> > progress. How about requirement document or merged solution document?
> > Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is interested in this
> > topic may be welcomed in this thread.
> > 
> > Kindly Regards,
> > 
> > HyunWook Cha
> >    
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org 
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org 
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

-- 
Sukanta K. Hazra (Mr.)	<sukanta@i2r.a-star.edu.sg>
Institute for Infocomm Research
Tel: +65 6874-1953 Fax: +65 6776-8109
Homepage: http://www1.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/~sukanta/


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Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:36:10 +0000
From: "Dearlove, Chris (UK)" <chris.dearlove@baesystems.com>
Subject: RE: [manet] OLSR - link hysteresis questions
To: Andreas T <andreto@olsr.org>, manet@ietf.org
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> I have implemented detection of "a long period of silence" in=20
> this way:
> A link tuple records the following in addition to the fields specified
> in the RFC:
> next_hello_timer - a timer describing withing what time a new HELLO
> should be received on this link.
> last_htime - last recorded htime value from the=20
> neighbor(which this link
> connects us to).
>=20
> Upon receiving a HELLO the next_hello_timer is set to now + received
> htime(+ some slack) and the last_htime is set to the received htime.
> the link set is constantly checked for timed out entris with=20
> regards to
> the next_hello_timer. If a links next_hello_timer is timed=20
> out - a "long
> period of silence" is considered detected and the instabillity rule is
> applied to that links link_quality. The next_hello_timer is the set to
> now + last_htime to be able to detect another "long periode=20
> of silence".
> I assume this is the correct way to do this? Or should this=20
> test not be
> "reset" once a long period of silence is detected?

In my (not publicly available) implementation I do something essentially
as this, except that when what you've called next_hello_timer times out
I only increment it by htime, I don't add the "slack" (which I have my
own version of) again.

Before reading your next paragraph I then typed the following comment

If also tracking packet numbers for loss, you may want to adjust that,
as otherwise a single lost packet containing a HELLO message gets double
counted.

And then found that was your point. I increment the "next expected
packet number" when applying lost HELLO correction. I must admit I
haven't discussed this externally, but not doing it is seriously
wrong, as you have also found.

I did suggest formally adding these fields with names to OLSR, but
my comments to the authors were too late for the RFC.

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Hi,

Does anybody know any literature about selective acknowledgement applied 
to manet (802.11). Concretely, selective acknowledge in response to a 
broadcast transmission.

The IEEE 802.11 MAC specification does not allow acknowledging on 
receiving a broadcast transmission. Therefore how could I design a 
mechanism which ensures me that at least one neighboring node has received 
the broadcast message (imagine a critical application, e.g. car accident 
warning, in which you cannot permit a broadcast message "to be lost on the 
air")

Best regards,
Joan
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Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"


<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Hi,</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Does anybody know any literature about selective acknowledgement applied to manet (802.11). Concretely, selective acknowledge in response to a broadcast transmission.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">The IEEE 802.11 MAC specification does not allow acknowledging on receiving a broadcast transmission. Therefore how could I design a mechanism which ensures me that at least one neighboring node has received the broadcast message (imagine a critical application, e.g. car accident warning, in which you cannot permit a broadcast message &quot;to be lost on the air&quot;)</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Best regards,</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Joan</font>
--=_alternative 005DF165C1256E27_=--

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Hi,

Does anybody know any literature about selective acknowledgement applied 
to manet (802.11). Concretely, selective acknowledge in response to a 
broadcast transmission.

The IEEE 802.11 MAC specification does not allow acknowledging on 
receiving a broadcast transmission. Therefore how could I design a 
mechanism which ensures me that at least one neighboring node has received 
the broadcast message (imagine a critical application, e.g. car accident 
warning, in which you cannot permit a broadcast message "to be lost on the 
air")

Best regards,
Joan
--=_alternative 002D6666C1256E28_=
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"


<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Hi,</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Does anybody know any literature about selective acknowledgement applied to manet (802.11). Concretely, selective acknowledge in response to a broadcast transmission.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">The IEEE 802.11 MAC specification does not allow acknowledging on receiving a broadcast transmission. Therefore how could I design a mechanism which ensures me that at least one neighboring node has received the broadcast message (imagine a critical application, e.g. car accident warning, in which you cannot permit a broadcast message &quot;to be lost on the air&quot;)</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Best regards,</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Joan</font>
--=_alternative 002D6666C1256E28_=--

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From: "Sukanta K. Hazra" <sukanta@i2r.a-star.edu.sg>
Subject: Re: [manet] Size of Traces
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Hi!

The size of the trace (300MB) is not unusual considering the number of connections. 
If you are concerned about the trace size, then you should trace the 
relevant data. Using trace-all does generate large traces.

Regards,
Sukanta

----- Original Message -----
From: "Karun Verma <karun8880@hotmail.com>"
Date: Mon, 23 Feb, 2004 14:32 SGT
Subject: [manet] Size of Traces

> Hello everybody,
> 
> After reading ur views on the size of tora traces due to high mobility. i 
> have reduced the mobility to 10m/s but increased the number of connections 
> during simulation time which is 200 sec and 200 connections in between. 
> used cbrgen.tcl fro generating the traffic. now the traces are coming with 
> size more than 300MB. Please also suggest me another script for generating 
> traffic automatically for the simulation environment.
> 
> Thanx in Advance
> 
> ############################################
> 
> #                              Karun Verma                                  
>      #
> 
> ###########################################
> 
> _________________________________________________________________
> Contact brides & grooms FREE! http://www.shaadi.com/ptnr.php?ptnr=hmltag 
> Only on www.shaadi.com. Register now!
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

-- 
Sukanta K. Hazra (Mr.)	<sukanta@i2r.a-star.edu.sg>
Institute for Infocomm Research
Tel: +65 6874-1953 Fax: +65 6776-8109
Homepage: http://www1.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/~sukanta/


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Subject: RE : [manet] mesh networks
Date: Thu, 11 Mar 2004 10:51:43 +0100
Message-ID: <B30D6148F304A743A53B9B44751CDB9A01682FC8@ftrdmel2.rd.francetelecom.fr>
Thread-Topic: [manet] mesh networks
Thread-Index: AcQHTi0GpgG4IdD9T3aoYuTPTgcG1QAACvDg
From: "MEDDOUR Djamal Eddine thesard FTRD/DAC/LAN" <djamaleddine.meddour@rd.francetelecom.com>
To: "amine elabidi" <zirrrrro@yahoo.fr>, <manet@ietf.org>
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Tou can take a look on this : Dave Beyer, "Fundamental Characteristics =
and Benefits of Wireless Routing ("Mesh") Networks", National Wireless =
Engineering Conference, 2002

Regards=20

Djamal=20

-----Message d'origine-----
De : manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] De la part de =
amine elabidi
Envoy=E9 : jeudi 11 mars 2004 10:47
=C0 : manet@ietf.org
Objet : [manet] mesh networks


I m looking for some references about mesh networks
thank you


=09

=09
	=09
Yahoo! Mail : votre e-mail personnel et gratuit qui vous suit partout !=20
Cr=E9ez votre Yahoo! Mail sur http://fr.benefits.yahoo.com/

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From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Andreas_T=F8nnesen?= <andreto@olsr.org>
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Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR packet format implementation
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Hi,

My comments are inline - based on my experiences from OLSR=20
implementation and testing.

manet user wrote:
> Hi,
> =20
> I am trying to implement OLSR and have couple of questions regarding=20
> OLSR packet format. OLSR packet contain "Packet Length" and "Packet Seq=
=20
> Num" and after that there can be multiple messages (for e.g. 1 Hello, 1=
 TC).
> =20
> 1) Since Hello and TC messages are periodically sent, each having its=20
> own timer expiry. When will a condition happen that OLSR packet contain=
s=20
> more than one message type ?

Forwarded messages are to be cached in nodes for a certain time=20
interval(jitter) to avoid syncronization. Because of this several=20
packets will very often be stacked in the same OLSR package.

You could probably stack generated messages as well - but I have not=20
implemented this...

> Also, if an OLSR packet has 1 hello and 1=20
> TC,  where TC needs to be forwarded, will receiving node create a new T=
C=20
> extracting information from the received packet ?
>

The hopcount and TTL fields must be altered before forwarding the=20
message - but if one is to "rebuild" the TC or not is more of a=20
implementation choise.

> 2) When a node receives an OLSR packet, it will loop through each=20
> message type and process it accordingly. It will keep on adding "Messag=
e=20
> Size" from each message processed till it becomes equal to the "Packet=20
> Length". Can this be one of the right ways of processing an OLSR packet=
?

Yes. First you should probably check if the size of the received data=20
matches the OLSR packet size. If so, you can loop trough messages until=20
your sum of processed data size equals the OLSR packet size.

- Andreas T


--=20
Andreas T=F8nnesen(andreas@olsr.org)
UniK University Graduation Center
University of Oslo
http://www.olsr.org

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Subject: Re: [manet] Gateway Discovery : are we going forward ?
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Hi Guys,

Completely agree with both of you on this issue. I think there is a 
clear interest on the topic, and we should move forward defining a clear 
problem statement, and then proposing "agreed" solutions.

Regards, Pedro

HyunWook Cha wrote:

>Hello, all.
>
>I agree with Christophe, though "Gateway Discovery" seems to be narrow.
>This is important issue since it is not an optional service, and basic
>framework to enable communication through Internet as well as
>incorporation with MIPv6 and multi-homing issues can be addressed in
>this category.  
>
>HyunWook 
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
>Christophe Jelger
>Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 7:16 PM
>To: manet
>Subject: [manet] Gateway Discovery : are we going forward ?
>
>
>
>Hi all,
>
>Well I obviously appreciate the discussions we have on gateway 
>discovery, but as Eric Fleury said, we had similar discussions in the 
>past. This time I hope it won't be for nothing, and I hope there could 
>be some constructive consequences. It seems that many MANET members are 
>willing to work on that, so maybe we could summarize the discussions we 
>had and try to go ahead, maybe with a problem statement draft.
>
>So (maybe this is a very direct question) are the chairs willing to add 
>this issues in the WG charter ?
>
>I think we could start to discuss on how we could collaborate ...
>
>Christophe
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>  
>



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Thank you for your indication. But i had already checked out this documen=
t
and there is no clarification about the sequence number utilisation in su=
ch
type of attacks so i need to clarify this point.

----- Original Message -----
From: "Andreas T=F8nnesen" <andreto@olsr.org>
To: "Wala Turki Latrous" <wala.latrous@cert.mincom.tn>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, March 22, 2004 1:17 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR attack


> You could check out:
> *"Securing the OLSR protocol"*
> Thomas Heide Clausen, Cedric Adjih, Philippe Jacquet, Anis Laouiti, Pau=
l
> Muhltahler, Daniele Raffo
>
> http://voop.free.fr/Publications/2003/medhoc03.shtml
>
> - Andreas
>
> Wala Turki Latrous wrote:
>
> > Hello,
> >
> >
> >
> > In the OLSR protocol :  if a node X wants to send HELLO messages,
> > pretending to have the identity of another node A ; knowing the main
> > address of A and then use it as his originator address is sufficient
> > for this attack ? or X must also know the sequence numbers recently
> > used by A for the packets and/or the HELLO messages ?
> >
> >
> >
> > In the same way, X wants to send TC messages, pretending to have the
> > identity of A. Must X know the packet sequence number and the ANSN
> > recently used by A?
> >
> >
> >
> > Is there any works on attacks on OLSR or securing OLSR ?
> >
>
> --
>
> --
> Andreas T=F8nnesen(andreas@olsr.org)
> UniK University Graduation Center
> University of Oslo
> http://www.olsr.org
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>



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To: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>, manet <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes (WAS: Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt)
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Hello again,

Christophe Jelger wrote:

>
> Of course as one of the authors of a solution that uses default route 
> I don't agree with your statements. ;-)
>
> In our draft each MANET node knows which gateway it uses, and (in the 
> steady-state) it knows that all nodes on the "default route" path use 
> the same gateway. With our solution gateways don't announce routes, 
> they just announce prefixes. If two gateways announce the same prefix, 
> an ad hoc node selects the closest gateway (it can be specified that 
> it should from there use the same gateway). The propagation method 
> used to propagate the prefix information ensures that the path to the 
> gateway is made of nodes that also use the same gateway : there is no 
> need of a routing header, and default routes can be used safely.
>
That sounds like a good solution, but the node can't control what 
gateway it is currently using. A scenario where this is neeed is when 
the node is moving from gateway to gateway. The node is then unable to 
know what gateway it is currently communicating through. A node need to 
know this when it switches to a new gateway, and "registers" itself. 
This reason why this needed is because packets from the Internet needs 
to be routed to the correct gateway, which is difficult when mobile 
nodes are unware of its gateway. If a Cellular IP type of solution is 
used, the routing entries in the access network are updated by the 
actual packets flowing through the gateways. But there is problems here 
as well, because oscillations easily occurs that causes a lot of 
updates, especially when the mobile nodes are mobile. I have simulated 
this, and it is harder to maintain than you might think. If you rely on 
proactive gateway discovery, the default routing entries have to be 
maintained during link breaks and mobility, along with sequence number 
maintainence. I have a paper about this, in a slightly different 
context, but during mobility and several hops to the gateway, more 
complex control is needed.

regards,

Anders




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Hello again Richard

Looking again, I see that I made an obvious
error.  The first clause of the re-revised 5.2
should read as follows in order to handle the
case of a graph with a single MPR:

          5.2  If this node is MPR for the sending node, or for any
               neighboring MPR, and if the time to live of the
               message is greater than '1', the message MUST be
               forwarded according to the following by broadcasting
               it on all interfaces that have symmetric neighbors
               other than the sender, with the TTL of the message
               reduced by one.

Regards,
Charlie P.


"Charles E. Perkins" wrote:
> 
> Hello Richard,
> 
> I did go back and look over the discussion that
> you cited.  It was very interesting work.  I have
> some further comments.
> 
> I suppose I have been assuming that the MPRs
> themselves form a connected dominating set.
> This provides assurance that a message
> transmitted by all MPRs goes everywhere.
> I believe this assumption is justified by
> the selection algorithm.
> 
> Suppose that an MPR is taken as a "guaranteed"
> relay for a flooded message.  By that, I mean the
> node _will_ transmit a flooded message if that
> flooded message is sent by its MPR selector.
> 
> My suggested change amounts to a "premature"
> scheduling of this guaranteed relay operation.
> In other words, I _claim_ that it "cannot" produce
> _more_ transmissions, if the MPR selector itself
> is an MPR.
> 
> If my _claim_ is correct, then I can't see how
> Cedric's simulations would show that more packets
> were sent.  Perhaps the aforementioned step 5.2
> needs one further refinement:
> 
>           5.2  If this node is MPR for any neighboring MPR, and if the
>                time to live of the message is greater than '1', the mes-
>                sage MUST be forwarded according to the following by
>                broadcasting it on all interfaces that have symmetric
>                neighbors other than the sender, with the TTL of the mes-
>                sage reduced by one.
> 
> If my claim is incorrect, it would be very
> helpful for me if you might explain why.
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 
> Richard Ogier wrote:
> >
> > Yes, I recall that this method was discussed on the list about
> > a year ago, and Cedric ran some simulations showing that
> > it resulted in a large number of transmissions (in one case
> > about 50% of the nodes transmitted a given flooded packet).
> > So let's not forget about efficiency.
> >
> > There are several other methods that avoid having to know
> > the previous hop, including one suggested by Thomas Clausen
> > or Philippe Jacquet about a year ago in which a node relays a flooded
> > packet if and only if the minimum ID neighbor is an MPR selector,
> > or the node has smaller ID than all neighbors.  I am comparing
> > several of these via simulations and will announce the results
> > in a few weeks.
> >
> > Richard
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Joe Macker" <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
> > To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>; "Richard Ogier"
> > <ogier@erg.sri.com>
> > Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Wednesday, February 25, 2004 10:43 AM
> > Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision
> >
> > > At 12:37 PM 2/25/2004, Charles E. Perkins wrote:
> > >
> > > >Hello Richard,
> > > >
> > > >Taking your suggestions out of order, I'd first agree
> > > >with your proposed terminology.  I have noticed many
> > > >times that the terminology surrounding the flooding
> > > >discussion can be very confusing.  I will try to go
> > > >through the MPRF draft to make the indicated revisions
> > > >to our terminology.
> > > >
> > > >The example you give is, I think, applicable to other
> > > >situations where an MPR node receives a flooded
> > > >packet from other neighbors first.  It seems to me
> > > >that a very simple fix would work, though.
> > > >
> > > >If a MPR node receives a flooded packet from ANY
> > > >neighbor, it should go ahead and transmit the
> > > >packet again to its neighbors, and mark the
> > > >packet as already processed.
> > > Charlie:
> > >
> > > Several of us have been talking about and actually implementing
> > > that for quite awhile. The previous hop state is also not required.
> > > The election heuristics can also be tweaked in simple ways
> > > to have more common or less common MPR sets.
> > >
> > > We have this MPR-F option functional in a
> > > working implementation (providing generic multicast MANET forwarding).
> > > We are presently examining its robustness and performance in a
> > > few scenarios against other more stateful approaches.
> > >
> > > I must confess I haven't read the ID in detail yet, we're just busy
> > > implementing things.
> > >
> > > -Joe
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > manet mailing list
> > > manet@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> > >
> 
> _______________________________________________
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Hi Erik,

Thanks for your comments.

> Just wanted to add that ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT probably just works as a
> garbage collection timer, making sure that there is no stale information
> in the network.

It's a good point. The question is if the stale information can cause consierable damage to the routing functionality.

> > Isn't it the case that routes are often preempted by other events, such
> > as link break (link layer feedback or HELLO messages), with the result
> > that ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT doesn't really matter that much?

Yes, I am about to convince myself of the same. So, if what you say is right, you may choose very high ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT values (e.g 100-200 sec) without big consequences. 

Paal

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From: "Richard Ogier" <ogier@erg.sri.com>
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <403118FC.79B8305B@iprg.nokia.com> <40311DC6.5A2BE2DB@iprg.nokia.com> <40378B93.5040607@erg.sri.com> <403CDD75.A88D90CA@iprg.nokia.com> <6.0.3.0.2.20040225132245.02c9f548@pop.itd.nrl.navy.mil> <000b01c3fbd3$bfd4a040$0d81bb3f@Panoramic> <403D1576.97F72C27@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:05:28 -0800
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Charlie,

Suppose that each MPR is a guaranteed relay as you say:

> Suppose that an MPR is taken as a "guaranteed"
> relay for a flooded message.  By that, I mean the
> node _will_ transmit a flooded message if that
> flooded message is sent by its MPR selector.

Then the nodes that relay the packet are the MPRs of the originator,
the MPRs of the MPRs of the originator, etc.

However, I don't think this set of nodes includes every node that
is an MPR of some neighboring MPR (as in your
modified step 5.2).   The difference is that there has to be
a sequence of nodes u_1,..., u_n where u_n is the originator
and each node is an MPR of the next node in the sequence.
The difference is that the sequence must lead to the originator,
and it might not.

I will have additional suggestions soon.

Regards,
Richard


----- Original Message -----
From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
To: "Richard Ogier" <ogier@erg.sri.com>
Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, February 25, 2004 1:36 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision


>
> Hello Richard,
>
> I did go back and look over the discussion that
> you cited.  It was very interesting work.  I have
> some further comments.
>
> I suppose I have been assuming that the MPRs
> themselves form a connected dominating set.
> This provides assurance that a message
> transmitted by all MPRs goes everywhere.
> I believe this assumption is justified by
> the selection algorithm.
>
> Suppose that an MPR is taken as a "guaranteed"
> relay for a flooded message.  By that, I mean the
> node _will_ transmit a flooded message if that
> flooded message is sent by its MPR selector.
>
> My suggested change amounts to a "premature"
> scheduling of this guaranteed relay operation.
> In other words, I _claim_ that it "cannot" produce
> _more_ transmissions, if the MPR selector itself
> is an MPR.
>
> If my _claim_ is correct, then I can't see how
> Cedric's simulations would show that more packets
> were sent.  Perhaps the aforementioned step 5.2
> needs one further refinement:
>
>           5.2  If this node is MPR for any neighboring MPR, and if the
>                time to live of the message is greater than '1', the mes-
>                sage MUST be forwarded according to the following by
>                broadcasting it on all interfaces that have symmetric
>                neighbors other than the sender, with the TTL of the mes-
>                sage reduced by one.
>
> If my claim is incorrect, it would be very
> helpful for me if you might explain why.
>
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
>
>
>
>
>
> Richard Ogier wrote:
> >
> > Yes, I recall that this method was discussed on the list about
> > a year ago, and Cedric ran some simulations showing that
> > it resulted in a large number of transmissions (in one case
> > about 50% of the nodes transmitted a given flooded packet).
> > So let's not forget about efficiency.
> >
> > There are several other methods that avoid having to know
> > the previous hop, including one suggested by Thomas Clausen
> > or Philippe Jacquet about a year ago in which a node relays a flooded
> > packet if and only if the minimum ID neighbor is an MPR selector,
> > or the node has smaller ID than all neighbors.  I am comparing
> > several of these via simulations and will announce the results
> > in a few weeks.
> >
> > Richard
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Joe Macker" <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
> > To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>; "Richard Ogier"
> > <ogier@erg.sri.com>
> > Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Wednesday, February 25, 2004 10:43 AM
> > Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision
> >
> > > At 12:37 PM 2/25/2004, Charles E. Perkins wrote:
> > >
> > > >Hello Richard,
> > > >
> > > >Taking your suggestions out of order, I'd first agree
> > > >with your proposed terminology.  I have noticed many
> > > >times that the terminology surrounding the flooding
> > > >discussion can be very confusing.  I will try to go
> > > >through the MPRF draft to make the indicated revisions
> > > >to our terminology.
> > > >
> > > >The example you give is, I think, applicable to other
> > > >situations where an MPR node receives a flooded
> > > >packet from other neighbors first.  It seems to me
> > > >that a very simple fix would work, though.
> > > >
> > > >If a MPR node receives a flooded packet from ANY
> > > >neighbor, it should go ahead and transmit the
> > > >packet again to its neighbors, and mark the
> > > >packet as already processed.
> > > Charlie:
> > >
> > > Several of us have been talking about and actually implementing
> > > that for quite awhile. The previous hop state is also not required.
> > > The election heuristics can also be tweaked in simple ways
> > > to have more common or less common MPR sets.
> > >
> > > We have this MPR-F option functional in a
> > > working implementation (providing generic multicast MANET forwarding).
> > > We are presently examining its robustness and performance in a
> > > few scenarios against other more stateful approaches.
> > >
> > > I must confess I haven't read the ID in detail yet, we're just busy
> > > implementing things.
> > >
> > > -Joe
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > manet mailing list
> > > manet@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> > >
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>


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Message-ID: <016301c3fbf6$3775cee0$0d81bb3f@Panoramic>
From: "Richard Ogier" <ogier@erg.sri.com>
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <403118FC.79B8305B@iprg.nokia.com> <40311DC6.5A2BE2DB@iprg.nokia.com> <40378B93.5040607@erg.sri.com> <403CDD75.A88D90CA@iprg.nokia.com> <6.0.3.0.2.20040225132245.02c9f548@pop.itd.nrl.navy.mil> <000b01c3fbd3$bfd4a040$0d81bb3f@Panoramic> <403D1576.97F72C27@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:04:35 -0800
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Charlie,

Suppose that each MPR is a guaranteed relay as you say:

> Suppose that an MPR is taken as a "guaranteed"
> relay for a flooded message.  By that, I mean the
> node _will_ transmit a flooded message if that
> flooded message is sent by its MPR selector.

Then the nodes that relay the packet are the MPRs of the originator,
the MPRs of the MPRs of the originator, etc.

However, I don't think this set of nodes includes every node that
is an MPR of some neighboring MPR (as in your
modified step 5.2).   The difference is that there has to be
a sequence of nodes u_1,..., u_n where u_n is the originator
and each node is an MPR of the next node in the sequence.
The difference is that the sequence must lead to the originator,
and it might not.

I will have additional suggestions soon.

Regards,
Richard


----- Original Message -----
From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
To: "Richard Ogier" <ogier@erg.sri.com>
Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, February 25, 2004 1:36 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision


>
> Hello Richard,
>
> I did go back and look over the discussion that
> you cited.  It was very interesting work.  I have
> some further comments.
>
> I suppose I have been assuming that the MPRs
> themselves form a connected dominating set.
> This provides assurance that a message
> transmitted by all MPRs goes everywhere.
> I believe this assumption is justified by
> the selection algorithm.
>
> Suppose that an MPR is taken as a "guaranteed"
> relay for a flooded message.  By that, I mean the
> node _will_ transmit a flooded message if that
> flooded message is sent by its MPR selector.
>
> My suggested change amounts to a "premature"
> scheduling of this guaranteed relay operation.
> In other words, I _claim_ that it "cannot" produce
> _more_ transmissions, if the MPR selector itself
> is an MPR.
>
> If my _claim_ is correct, then I can't see how
> Cedric's simulations would show that more packets
> were sent.  Perhaps the aforementioned step 5.2
> needs one further refinement:
>
>           5.2  If this node is MPR for any neighboring MPR, and if the
>                time to live of the message is greater than '1', the mes-
>                sage MUST be forwarded according to the following by
>                broadcasting it on all interfaces that have symmetric
>                neighbors other than the sender, with the TTL of the mes-
>                sage reduced by one.
>
> If my claim is incorrect, it would be very
> helpful for me if you might explain why.
>
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
>
>
>
>
>
> Richard Ogier wrote:
> >
> > Yes, I recall that this method was discussed on the list about
> > a year ago, and Cedric ran some simulations showing that
> > it resulted in a large number of transmissions (in one case
> > about 50% of the nodes transmitted a given flooded packet).
> > So let's not forget about efficiency.
> >
> > There are several other methods that avoid having to know
> > the previous hop, including one suggested by Thomas Clausen
> > or Philippe Jacquet about a year ago in which a node relays a flooded
> > packet if and only if the minimum ID neighbor is an MPR selector,
> > or the node has smaller ID than all neighbors.  I am comparing
> > several of these via simulations and will announce the results
> > in a few weeks.
> >
> > Richard
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Joe Macker" <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
> > To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>; "Richard Ogier"
> > <ogier@erg.sri.com>
> > Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Wednesday, February 25, 2004 10:43 AM
> > Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision
> >
> > > At 12:37 PM 2/25/2004, Charles E. Perkins wrote:
> > >
> > > >Hello Richard,
> > > >
> > > >Taking your suggestions out of order, I'd first agree
> > > >with your proposed terminology.  I have noticed many
> > > >times that the terminology surrounding the flooding
> > > >discussion can be very confusing.  I will try to go
> > > >through the MPRF draft to make the indicated revisions
> > > >to our terminology.
> > > >
> > > >The example you give is, I think, applicable to other
> > > >situations where an MPR node receives a flooded
> > > >packet from other neighbors first.  It seems to me
> > > >that a very simple fix would work, though.
> > > >
> > > >If a MPR node receives a flooded packet from ANY
> > > >neighbor, it should go ahead and transmit the
> > > >packet again to its neighbors, and mark the
> > > >packet as already processed.
> > > Charlie:
> > >
> > > Several of us have been talking about and actually implementing
> > > that for quite awhile. The previous hop state is also not required.
> > > The election heuristics can also be tweaked in simple ways
> > > to have more common or less common MPR sets.
> > >
> > > We have this MPR-F option functional in a
> > > working implementation (providing generic multicast MANET forwarding).
> > > We are presently examining its robustness and performance in a
> > > few scenarios against other more stateful approaches.
> > >
> > > I must confess I haven't read the ID in detail yet, we're just busy
> > > implementing things.
> > >
> > > -Joe
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > manet mailing list
> > > manet@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> > >
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>


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To: Vin <geekvinod@yahoo.com>
To: <Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com>
Subject: SV: Re: [manet] ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT in AODV (RFC 3561) (Intern)
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Hi Vinod,

> I also think that your traffic model plays a part.If
> you send packets continously from a starting point in
> time, ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT never gets a chance to come
> into play.It should come into play only if that route
> has been unused for that period of time.

Actually, this point is what triggered my interest in the ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT value in the first place. For normal bursty traffic (e.g. a ftp or http file download) it does not make much difference. However, in our AODV testbed with limited mobility/dynamics I tested communication that requires user interaction i.e. Telnet. Then a route may time out between each transmitted packet, which naturally is not a very desirable. At another instance, we also implemented event-based middleware on top of AODV and both periodic polling and unsolicited events may be sent on intervals exceeding normal settings of the ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT.

> many
> simulations done on ns-2 are based on cbr traffic
> starting at a certain time and going on till end of
> simulation which isnt a good way to study the effect
> of  ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT.

Agreed. Well, I steered around that pithole, at least.

Thanks for your comments, anyway.
Paal


> Regards,
> Vinod
>  
> --- Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > I did some GloMoSim simulations with AODV and
> > experimented with the setting of the
> > ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT value. For the scenarios that I
> > tested, I was surprised to see how little the
> > performance degraded when I chose very large timeout
> > values. I have obviously done something wrong -
> > either not selected the right simulation scenarios
> > or not measured the right things.
> > 
> > To help me on the way, could someone please tell me
> > the most important networking aspects that prohibits
> > the choice of a large ACTIVE_ROUTE_TIMEOUT. What are
> > the main trade-offs when setting this value? Or
> > could someone give me a pointer to relevant
> > publications.
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > Paal
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 
> 
> =====
> Vinod Namboodiri
> 
> Graduate Student
> Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
> University of Massachusetts, Amherst
> 
> __________________________________
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To: Dave.B.Green@us.army.mil, manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] Multipoint ROHC for MANET
Date: Fri, 19 Mar 2004 09:33:59 +0100
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ROHC offers several "modes" of operation. The mode called =
"unidirectional"
(see RFC 3095 =A7 4.4.1) does not require any "return path", and =
therefore
seems well suited to your point to multipoint scheme.
Nevertheless there is a drawback : as there is no return path, this =
mode is
less robust than the other ones ...

Fran=E7ois PAUL

-----Message d'origine-----
De : Green, David B RDECOM CERDEC STCD SRI
[mailto:Dave.B.Green@us.army.mil]
Envoy=E9 : jeudi 18 mars 2004 21:38
=C0 : 'manet@ietf.org'
Objet : [manet] Multipoint ROHC for MANET


Has anyone in the group worked on a schema for point to multipoint =
robust
header compression=20
suitable for broadcast and multicast links in MANETs? The base spec for
RObust Header Compression=20
(RFC 3095 "ROHC") only seems to consider point to point links for =
cellular
systems. I'm=20
proposing the work in the ROHC group, but want to consider any =
expertise
from the MANET group
that might be helpful since this will be "MANET" header compression in =
our
ultimate application=20
on a MANET style radio.=20

David B. Green
SRI International
Myer Ctr Rm 4D305
desk (732) 532-6715
cell   (732) 693-6500



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> This also fixes another problem when TC messages are partial:
> when the first TC message with a larger sequence number is received,
> assuming this TC message is partial, then all of the old tuples with the
> same originator are removed, and you are left with only a partial=20
> neighbor set
> until the other partial TC messages with the same sequence number are=20
> received,
> which may not happen for several seconds since flooding is not reliable.

I was aware of this one, but didn't discuss it because I was (in this
part of my posting) considering only possible backwardly compatible
changes.

On a related point (definitely not backwardly compatible) merging the
functionality of TC and HNA messages could be considered, HNA messages
having no cancellation property unlike TC messages (even if not quite
perfect).

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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: <andersn@telecom.lth.se>, "'Erik Nordstr?'" <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Default Routes
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Hello, Anders.

Please see my inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of andersn@telecom.lth.se
> Sent: Thursday, March 04, 2004 4:11 AM
> To: Erik Nordstr?
> Cc: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
> 
> 
> 
> Hello,
> 
> Let me see if I understood the draft correctly.
> 
> > However, I have another question. How do you handle 
> "contention" between
> > the announcements at the edges of bordering prefix islands?
> 
> An upstream node chooses a new or different gateway if it is 
> 1 hop closer
> than the one it is currently using.
> 

Christophe proposes two different algorithms. As for one of them, you
are correct. However, node does not change it's address as long as at
least one neighbor keeps advertising same prefix in algorithm for prefix
stability. Anyway, ping-ponging can be possible.  

> > I guess that
> > borderline nodes have the ability to select gateway by 
> themselves, but
> > that could potentially affect many downstream nodes that 
> previously used
> > another prefix. A node could also cut off and isolate 
> islands of nodes
> > if it chooses to change prefix/gateway.
> 
> I think that depends on whether the network is using a reactive or
> proactive protocol. If a reactive protocol is used, the routing
protocol
> is still responsisble for establishing a route to the gateway. In that
> case the downstream node would at least not be isolated, it can
continue
> to use the old gateway. 

I do not agree. I am not sure what will happen when link failure to
upstream node is found during forwarding packets. (Please clarify me,
Christophe.) However, why route of gateway should be discovered by
routing protocol? In his draft, packets are forwarded using not host
route for the gateway but default route although some nodes including
sender node on default path have default route entry as well as host
route entry for the gateway. It is because he puts on "prefix
continuity" much more weight than "efficiency". 

> The question is whether the downstream have to
> configure a new address when the prefix announced by the upstream node
> changes. If that is the case, we might have some problems. As 
> the network
> can be very mobile, borderline nodes receiveing announcements 
> about two
> different gateways, from two different neighbors, might choose two to
> switch back forth between the two gateways. This easily happens when a
> node chooses a new gateway when it is 1 hop closer than its 
> current one,
> and the network have mobility that causes frequent topology changes.
> 
> > What are the convergence times
> > for situations like that? Is it desirable that borderline 
> nodes could
> > have such a big effect on lots of downstream nodes?
> >
> 
> I do not think the convergence time is that big, as nodes "almost
> immediately" rebroadcasts the message. Before updating it. However, if
> nodes have to configure a new address upon receipt of the 
> announcement,
> the result can be very bad. I have simulated this, and it 
> helps a lot if
> the condition to switch is increased to 2 hops, but that 
> would of course
> create non optimal routes.
> 

Please think about algorithm for "prefix stability" how long it takes to
change leaf node's address. His idea is not about simple flooding.
 
Regards,

HyunWook

> I am not sure if the draft actually says that nodes should 
> reconfigure a
> new  address when your upstream tells you to. If that is so, 
> I am not so
> sure that is a wise thing to do. Christophe, please correct 
> me if anything
> I say here is wrong.
> 
> /Anders
> 


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From: "Smith, Nathan (Research)" <smithna@crd.ge.com>
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Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:32:33 -0500
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Subject: [manet] Receiver Centric MANET Protocol
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Hello all,

I'm currently doing a literary search on L4 protocols in a MANET environment
and I came across a paper that discusses the implementation of a
receiver-based transport protocol:

@ARTICLE{Hsieh2003,
  author = {H. Hsieh and K. Kim and Y. Zhu and R. Sivakumar},
  title = {A Receiver-Centric Transport Protocol for Mobile Hosts with
Heterogeneous Wireless Interfaces},
  journal = {MobiCom},
  year = {2003},
}

The paper targeted the use of RCP as the wireless "last-hop". I was curious
if there are other receiver-based transport protocols geared specifically
for the MANET environment. Or is there something I'm missing makes these
types of protocols a poor performer in MANET?

  .nathan.



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Subject: [manet] MID message received from a non-symmetric neighbor
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If a MID message is received from a non-symmetric neighbor, we'd discard
the message. Why is this? For security reasons? If we don't discard the
MID, what're the negative impacts? 

Thanks for any insights,

li li
Li Li, Ph.D
Communications Research Centre, Industry Canada
3701 Carling avenue 
P.O. box 11490 
Station H, Ottawa, 
Ontario, Canada K2H 8S2 
Tel: (613) 990-5246 
Email: li.li@crc.ca


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From: "Wala Turki Latrous" <wala.latrous@cert.mincom.tn>
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Subject: [manet] Securing proactive protocols
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Hello,=20

I have a question concerning the security of the ad hoc routing =
protocols :  there are several work for the security of the reactive =
protocols, but not for the proactive protocols. Are there problems to =
secure such protocols?
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<P class=3DMsoNormal style=3D"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"mso-ansi-language: EN-GB"><FONT size=3D3><FONT=20
face=3D"Times New Roman">Hello, <?xml:namespace prefix =3D o ns =3D=20
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"=20
/><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><SPAN lang=3DEN-GB=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; =
mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; =
mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">I=20
have a question concerning the security of the ad hoc routing protocols =
:<SPAN=20
style=3D"mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>there are several work for the =
security=20
of the reactive protocols, but not for the proactive protocols. Are =
there=20
problems to secure such protocols?</SPAN></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 00:19:25 +0100
From: Thomas Heide Clausen <T.Clausen@computer.org>
To: Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Possible no MANET meeting in Seoul
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Thanks, Joe.

Should proposed agenda items be posted to you guys or to the AD's?

--thomas

On Fri, 06 Feb 2004 15:25:00 -0500
Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil> wrote:

> In the charis absence, the ADs have agree to host a short manet meeting
> in Seoul. I have put in the request with the IETF agenda.
>=20
> -Joe
> >>
> >>On Tue, 03 Feb 2004 12:09:22 -0500
> >>Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil> wrote:
> >>
> >>> MANETers:
> >>>=20
> >>> Scott Corson and I (WG chairs) cannot attend the Seoul meeting and
> >are>> recommended we skip this round and concentrate on firming up next
> >step>> action items on the mailing list.
> >>>=20
> >>> If enough participants feel there should be a meeting with specific
> >>> agenda items the ADs could possibly host a short meeting.
> >>>=20
> >>> -Joe
> >>>=20
> >>
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>manet mailing list
> >>manet@ietf.org
> >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>=20


--=20

------------------------------------------------
  Thomas Heide Clausen
  Civilingeni=F8r i Datateknik (cand.polyt)
  M.Sc in Computer Engineering

  E-Mail: T.Clausen@computer.org
  WWW:    http://voop.free.fr/
------------------------------------------------

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Subject: RE: [manet] tora ietf draft
From: Joao Girao <Joao.Girao@ccrle.nec.de>
To: DANIEL BYRNE <daniel.byrne@adtran.com>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
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I'm sorry, I verified version 4 of the draft, not version 5. Version 4
you can still find there.

Try the other mirrors.

joao girao

On Wed, 2003-11-12 at 17:29, DANIEL BYRNE wrote:
> That link is broken
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Joao Girao [mailto:Joao.Girao@ccrle.nec.de]
> Sent: Wednesday, November 12, 2003 10:01 AM
> To: redouane
> Cc: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] tora ietf draft
>=20
>=20
> You'll find a link in the mirror archives of the ietf drafts.
> For example:
>=20
> ftp://ftp.fccn.pt/pub/IETF/Internet-Drafts/draft-ietf-manet-tora-spec-05.=
txt
>=20
>=20
> joao girao
>=20
> On Wed, 2003-11-12 at 16:49, redouane wrote:
> > Hi
> > I need tora ietf draft for understanding implemtation
> > of this protocol.
> > there is a link for this?
> > thanks
> >=20
> > redouane
> >=20
> >=20
> > ___________________________________________________________
> > Do You Yahoo!? -- Une adresse @yahoo.fr gratuite et en fran=C3=A7ais !
> > Yahoo! Mail : http://fr.mail.yahoo.com
> >=20
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
--=20
Jo=C3=A3o Gir=C3=A3o (Joao.Girao@ccrle.nec.de)
NEC Europe Ltd., Network Laboratories
Tel. (+49) 6221 90511-17
Fax: (+49) 6221 90511-55

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Reply-To: <jafy@etri.re.kr>
From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Anders Nilsson'" <andersn@telecom.lth.se>, "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>,
        <Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com>
Date: Thu, 4 Mar 2004 11:18:59 +0900
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Subject: [manet] RE: Default Routes (WAS: Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt)
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Hello, Anders.

Please see my inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Anders Nilsson [mailto:andersn@telecom.lth.se] 
> Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 7:05 PM
> To: jafy@etri.re.kr; manet; Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
> Subject: Re: Default Routes (WAS: Request of Comments on the 
> i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt) 
> 
> 
> 
> Hello,
> 
> I must say that I agree with all the comments about trying to 
> coordinate 
> our efforts. (I am a co-author with Ryuji).
> It doesn't make any sense at all to have several drafts that say 
> basically the same thing, with some minor modifications. This 
> is really 
> the case right now. But the fact that we have so similiar 
> drafts tells 
> us that we are close to consensus, so making a common requirement 
> document shouldn't be too hard. Having several drafts is 
> really bad, and 
> makes things bad for the implementors. There are implementors 
> out there 
> trying to implement these features, and they are clearly 
> confused by all 
> the different drafts. Nico Bayer have an implementation that he 
> presented last week at EW2004, that closely follows the 
> globalv6 draft. 
> This is great, and although the imp. seems to follow the 
> draft closely, 
> there are some major differences to the draft. This could be 
> explained 
> by the confusion created by the different drafts, but may also 
> implementation choices. Either way, a consensus is needed.
> 

Do not tell that every other drafts are just variants from your drafts
which have only negligible contribution, and have made just confusions
to implementors. You must analyze what issues are targeted in their
drafts and how efficiently they can be resolved before you told that
efforts by others are harmful. 

> >Although I admit that I was inspired and motivated by your 
> draft, I do
> >not think that your draft does address all related issues and propose
> >all possilbe solutions. If you are interested in my 
> suggestion, we can
> >have good chance to share ideas and make productive work in 
> this topic.
> >  
> >
> Please point out what you think is wrong.
> 

I did not say that I wrote my drafts since yours is wrong. I like other
authors want to see other ways to get the goal. 

> >   
> >As for your comment on my draft, please take it easy.
> >
> >[The draft says]
> >one including [1 globalv6], [2], [3] which use next hop 
> forwarding for
> >default routes and the other including [1 globalv6] which do not use
> >next hop forwarding and require that a sender specifies a gateway in
> >routing header.  
> >
> >  
> >
> What do you mean here?
> 

I mean that your draft proposes default route as well as routing header
for AODV. However, you authors prefers to the use of routing header
because of several reasons including one mentioned by Paal. However,
since many other authors do not like this overhead in all data packets,
many alternative approaches have come out. My draft adopts source prefix
based routing as you mentioned below and Christophe's tries to keep
"prefix continuity".
   
> This is from Paals mail:
> 
> > If you have two gateways announcing the same default route, the 
> > MANET node has no control of which gateway the packet is routed 
> > out through. You might get problems with:
> > - Stateless firewalls: E.g. The first packet of your (TCP-) session 
> > might go out through another gateway than the one corresponding to 
> > the selected source IP address. Thus, the return inbound 
> packets will 
> > not reach the gateway corresponding to the MANET node's 
> source IP address 
> > if the gateway is behind i firewall because no state is set 
> in the firewall.
> > - Ingress filtering: Outbound packets escaping out through 
> "wrong" gateways 
> > are filtered out.
> 
> As pointed out earlier, this problem can solved by letting 
> intermediate 
> forwarding nodes search their gateway list for the source 
> prefix. If the 
> source prefix matches an entry in the gateway list, the packet is 
> forwarded to the indicated gateway. I think this solves the problem 
> stated above. 
> However, there is an other problem here. If the node is 
> moving inside the network, it will probably want to switch to 
> different gateways as they become closer. The only way for this to
work in the 
> mentioned solution is to onfigure a new address, which is not really a

> good solution. 

Right. I do not address gateway handover issue in this draft. 
This issue is very important component in Internet connectivy support. 
I do not think that current address should be changed with new address
to communicate through a closer gateway since this is harmful for
tranport layers. 
I also support registration based mechanism for tunneling from old
gateway for inbound traffic and to old gateway/peer node for outbound
traffic. 
To do that, multiple addresses can be configured and used for a MANET
interface simultaneously. 
Although MIPv6 is indispensable for macro-mobility, I think that MANET
specific registration method is helpful for micro-mobility. 
I proposed reactive registration scheme incorporating(deeply coupled)
with AODV in my draft named "extended support for MANET internet
connectivity". 
Without MIPv6, this method can keep active session in which address from
old gateway is involved as source address going through tunneling. 
In addtion, this approach can prevent frequent inefficient end-to-end
signalling (RO in MIPv6) by hiding unreliable MANET topology. For
example, this can enable MIPv6 to decide handover time according to
urrent available(and reachable directly) gateway set while active
sessions are kept alive. I will write more detail related to this issue
in revised version. 

If the different gateways belong to the same 
> domain, it 
> might not even be possible, and routing header might be to prefer in 
> that case. I discuss this problem among other things in a paper to be 
> presented at WWC04, the main focus of the paper is performance though.
> 
> regards,
> 
> Anders
> 
I am interested in this point. Could you explain what this scenario is
for? For load balancing? Do you use proxy-nd?

Regards, 

HyunWook


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From: "Richard Ogier" <ogier@erg.sri.com>
To: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <403118FC.79B8305B@iprg.nokia.com> <40311DC6.5A2BE2DB@iprg.nokia.com> <40378B93.5040607@erg.sri.com> <403CDD75.A88D90CA@iprg.nokia.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:00:20 -0800
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Charlie and all,

The discussion we had regarding the flooding method you
are suggesting can be found here
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf-mail-archive/manet/2002-09.mail

Search for "Cedric", who ran the simulations.
Here is what Philippe Jacquet said about the approach:

> Richard,

> If you mean to include all MPR nodes in the dominating set, we have
already
> thought about it sometimes ago. We gave up this idea because it creates
much
> too large dominating sets (almost all nodes involved).

> Philippe

As Joe suggests, it is possible to reduce the size of the CDS by making
the MPR sets overlap more, e.g., by preferring min ID neighbors as MPRs.
In the extreme case, each step of the MPR selection algorithm selects
the min ID neighbor that covers some 2-hop neighbor that is not yet
covered.  In this case, you don't even use degree, and thus it becomes
possible for nodes to select *themselves* as MPRs or CDS nodes.
(This is similar to how nodes select themselves as MPRs in TBRPF.)

Having nodes select themselves as CDS nodes may also help reliability
and robustness, since a node can select itself immediately as a CDS
node following a link failure.  It would be nice to have simulation results
that measure how much this improves performance.

Richard



----- Original Message -----
From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>
To: "Richard Ogier" <ogier@erg.sri.com>
Cc: "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, February 25, 2004 9:37 AM
Subject: Re: [manet] MPRF [flooding protocol] document initial revision


>
> Hello Richard,
>
> Taking your suggestions out of order, I'd first agree
> with your proposed terminology.  I have noticed many
> times that the terminology surrounding the flooding
> discussion can be very confusing.  I will try to go
> through the MPRF draft to make the indicated revisions
> to our terminology.
>
> The example you give is, I think, applicable to other
> situations where an MPR node receives a flooded
> packet from other neighbors first.  It seems to me
> that a very simple fix would work, though.
>
> If a MPR node receives a flooded packet from ANY
> neighbor, it should go ahead and transmit the
> packet again to its neighbors, and mark the
> packet as already processed.
>
> This can be accomplished by modifying step 5.2
> to read as follows:
>
>           5.2  If this node is MPR for any of its neighbors, and if the
>                time to live of the message is greater than '1', the mes-
>                sage MUST be forwarded according to the following by
>                broadcasting it on all interfaces that have symmetric
>                neighbors other than the sender, with the TTL of the mes-
>                sage reduced by one.
>
> I must admit that I have only been puzzling over your
> observation for a little while, so I might have missed
> something. But even without the problem you raised,
> this approach would be better for two reasons:
> - Reduced broadcast latency, and
> - Better robustness when the MPR selector's local
>   (typically unreliable!) broadcast is lost for some reason.
> Lastly, I think I like this approach because I seem to
> remember wanting to put it in a long time ago and I just
> forgot to do so.
>
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
>
>
> Richard Ogier wrote:
> >
> > Here is an example where the MPRF protocol does not work.
> > (Although it can be fixed as explained below.)
> >
> >       8
> >     /   \
> >    2-----5
> >   / \   / \
> >  /   \ /   \
> > 1     /     7
> >  \   / \   /
> >   \ /   \ /
> >    3-----6
> >     \   /
> >       9
> >
> > Node 1 is the source (originator of flooded packets),
> > and its MPRs are nodes 2 and 3.
> > Node 2 selects node 6 as MPR (to cover 3, 7, and 9)
> > Node 3 selects node 5 as MPR (to cover 2, 7, and 8).
> >
> > Node 1 originates a packet, which is relayed by nodes 2 and 3.
> > Suppose node 5 receives the packet first from node 2, then from node 3.
> > Suppose node 6 receives the packet first from node 3, then from node 2.
> > (I explain below how this is possible.)
> > Since node 2 is not an MPR selector of node 5, node 5 does not relay
> > the packet when it is received from node 2, but creates an entry
> > in the Flooding History (step 5.1 in the draft).
> > Then, when node 5 receives the packet from node 3 (its MPR selector),
> > node 5 ignores the packet (step 2 in the draft).
> > Therefore, node 5 does not relay the packet.
> > Similarly, node 6 does not relay the packet.
> > Therefore, node 7 never receives the packet.
> >
> > I think the solution is for each node to remember
> > which flooded packets it has already transmitted.
> > If a node receives a flooded packet from an MPR selector,
> > and has not yet transmitted the same packet, then it
> > should relay the packet.
> >
> > I think the same problem exists in
> >   draft-spagnolo-manet-ospf-wireless-interface-00
> >
> > I can think of 3 situations that can result in the
> > above example (in which node 5 receives the packet first from
> > node 2, and node 6 receives the packet first from node 3):
> >
> >   1. Very long propagation delays.
> >   2. As stated in the Introduction of the draft, link layer
> >      broadcast can be accomplished using iterated unicast.
> >   3. If the flooded packet is sent reliably to all neighbors using
> >      ACKs with retransmissions, then the first transmission from
> >      node 2 (resp. 3) might be received only by node 5 (resp. 6).
> >
> > Regards,
> > Richard
> >
> > P.S. Regarding the terms "reflood" and "retransmit".
> >
> > "Reflood" means to flood the packet again to all nodes.
> > RFC 2328 for OSPF uses this term correctly, but some
> > people have recently used it to mean "relay".
> >
> > "Retransmit" means for the same node to transmit the packet again,
> > usually because an ACK was not received.
> > It will be very confusing when we talk about reliable flooding
> > with ACKs, if we use the word "retransmit" to mean both
> > retransmission from the same node, and relaying a packet
> > received from another node.
> >
> > When talking about a node relaying a packet, I suggest using
> > either the term "relay" or "transmit".
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>


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>
> Any papers on the subject of 802.11e-like things for ad hoc nets? Any
> paper that summarizes 802.11e?
>

Here is a paper that gives an overview of the new features of IEEE
802.11e:

"IEEE 802.11e Wireless LAN for Quality of Service", Stefan Mangold etc.,
http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/537394.html

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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: <Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com>,
        "'Christophe Jelger'" <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>,
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Subject: RE: Re: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
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Hello, Paal.

I am sorry that I am now in Daejon not Seoul. Please see my inline
comments. 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Paal.Engelstad@telenor.com
> Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 11:06 PM
> To: Christophe Jelger; manet
> Subject: SV: Re: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
> 
> 
> Christophe,
> 
> It seems I triggered some discussion that passed me by, but 
> let me cut into this thread and response to your preference 
> for default routes.
> 
> This is from Anders' mail:
> > This is from Paals mail:
> > 
> > > If you have two gateways announcing the same default route, the 
> > > MANET node has no control of which gateway the packet is routed 
> > > out through. You might get problems with:
> > > - Stateless firewalls: E.g. The first packet of your 
> (TCP-) session 
> > > might go out through another gateway than the one 
> corresponding to 
> > > the selected source IP address. Thus, the return inbound 
> packets will 
> > > not reach the gateway corresponding to the MANET node's 
> source IP address 
> > > if the gateway is behind i firewall because no state is 
> set in the firewall.
> > > - Ingress filtering: Outbound packets escaping out 
> through "wrong" gateways 
> > > are filtered out.
> > 
> > As pointed out earlier, this problem can solved by letting 
> intermediate 
> > forwarding nodes search their gateway list for the source 
> prefix. If the 
> > source prefix matches an entry in the gateway list, the packet is 
> > forwarded to the indicated gateway. I think this solves the problem 
> > stated above. 
> 
> Here I think Anders gets to the core of the matter - i.e 
> destination based routing: Many nodes communicating with the 
> same external host cannot share the same destination-based 
> route and still get to different gateways.
> 

For an external node, a route entry can not be discovered to be shared
by all packets destined to the node.  

> 1) Either you need a tunneling solution or some sort, 
> 2) or you need source address based default routing
> 
> The first is lean and mean, and works in nearly any 
> networking scenario, and with any routing protocol.
> 

I do not see any problem a source address based default forwarding in
corporating with routing protocols if forwarding routine in IP layer can
be extended.

> The functionality of the second is obscure, it is less clean 
> than the tunneling solution, and probably makes routing more 
> complicated. In addition, you bind internet access together 
> with address autoconfiguration, which reduces the level of modularity.
> 

I think that the second method is not obsure, though forwarding function
needs additional processing(almost one hash for searching gateway list +
one more lookup for matched gateway's route entry). However, tunneling
or routing header also require additional processing in IPv6 module
since an extension header has been added after all. In addition, routers
(Internet gateways) are given additional workload which is decapsulation
or swpping between destination header and routing header entry.  

In tunneling based method, tunnel end point is determined for a given
source address in packet. Difference between two methods, packet
overhead for existing destination forwarding infra or extending
forwarding functionality instead of packet overhead. For fast
deployment, the former is better, I agree.   

> Since the latter solution resembles a hack (as compared to 
> the clean tunneling solution), I also think it might lead to 
> unforseen problems sooner or later. For example, if I would 
> use it in an IPv4 setting, it would obviously not work. 
> (Default routes is not a good idea, at least not with IPv4, 
> and should never have been accepted in the experimental RFCs, IMO).
> 
> Yes, and by the way, here is another problem, which I didn't think of:
> 
> > However, there is an other problem here. If the node is 
> > moving inside the network, it will probably want to switch 
> to different 
> > gateways as they become closer. The only way for this to 
> work in the 
> > mentioned solution is to onfigure a new address, which is 
> not really a 
> > good solution. If the different gateways belong to the same 
> domain, it 
> > might not even be possible
> 

I do not understand what this scenario is for and the problem is. Could
you tell me?

Regards,

HyunWook

> I think I am willing to pay the little extra overhead of 
> tunneling to get a simpler, modular, and more robust solution.
> 
> Paal
> 


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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Poornananda G R'" <poorna@cisco.com>,
        "'Karun Verma'" <karun8880@hotmail.com>, <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Regarding Simulatiuon of AODV and TORA
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Yeap. Just change -adhocRouting option to respective routing protocols
and call Simulater::node-config before Simulater::node is called. 

HyunWook Cha

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Poornananda G R [mailto:poorna@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Friday, January 09, 2004 4:40 PM
> To: jafy@etri.re.kr; 'Karun Verma'; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] Regarding Simulatiuon of AODV and TORA
> 
> 
> 
> Hi,
> I have another related question- can we simulate one or more 
> of these routing protocols simultaneously? 
> For example, can we simulate a set of 100 nodes and say 50 of 
> them running aodv, 25 running dsr and the rest running tora? 
> Thanks, -Poorna
> 
> % -----Original Message-----
> % From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
> % Behalf Of HyunWook Cha
> % Sent: Friday, January 09, 2004 12:47 PM
> % To: 'Karun Verma'; manet@ietf.org
> % Subject: RE: [manet] Regarding Simulatiuon of AODV and TORA
> % 
> % 
> % 
> % As for tora and aodv, you can refer 
> % test-suite-wirless-lan-aodv(or tora).tcl. (Both files seems 
> % to be almost same.) NS-2 provides a common framework to 
> % generate(instantiate) mobile nodes irrespective ad hoc 
> % routing protocols. What to do is as follows.
> % 
> % set ns_  [new Simulator]
> % set god_ [create-god $opt(nn) ] // opt(nn) = number of nodes
> % $ns_ node-config -adhocRouting AODV [or DSR or TORA or 
> DSDV]  ....   ;
> % refer the example file.
> % for {set i 0} {$i < $opt(nn) } {incr i} {
> % 	set node_($i) [$ns_ node]   
> % 	...
> % }
> % 
> % For more details, you can refer the ns-2 manual.
> % 
> % HyunWook Cha
> % 
> % > -----Original Message-----
> % > From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] 
> On % > Behalf Of Karun Verma % > Sent: Friday, January 09, 
> 2004 3:18 PM % > To: manet@ietf.org % > Subject: [manet] 
> Regarding Simulatiuon of AODV and TORA % > 
> % > 
> % > When i want to simulate protocols aodv and tora using the 
> script % > wireless1.tcl in ~ns/tc/ex directory % > i get 
> thye following errors % > 
> % > invalid command name "tora-create-mobile-node"
> % >     while executing
> % > "tora-create-mobile-node $i"
> % >     invoked from within
> % > "if { [string compare $opt(rp) "dsr"] == 0} {
> % >         for {set i 0} {$i < $opt(nn) } {incr i} {
> % >                 dsr-create-mobile-node $i
> % >         }
> % > } elseif { [string compare $opt..."
> % >     (file "wireless_tora.tcl" line 209)
> % > 
> % > i have modified the script.
> % > What else modifications i have to do for both these
> % > protocols. Help me. with this mail i am attaching the script 
> % > "wireless_tora.tcl"
> % > 
> % > thanx in advance
> % > 
> % > ############################################
> % > 
> % > #                              Karun Verma                    
> % >                
> % >       #
> % > 
> % > ###########################################
> % > 
> % > _________________________________________________________________
> % > Games, MMS cards, ringtones. Operator logos, picture 
> % messages & more.
> % > http://server1.msn.co.in/sp03/mobilesms/ Jazz up your mobile! % > 
> % > 
> % 
> % 
> % _______________________________________________
> % manet mailing list
> % manet@ietf.org
> % https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> % 
> 


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From: Jeff Wieselthier <wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
Cc: Allan.Gibb@drdc-rddc.gc.ca
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Subject: [manet] Workshop Announcement -- Cross-Layer Issues in the Design of
 Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Integration of Communication
 and Networking Functions to Support Optimal Information Management'
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At http://www.valcartier.drdc-rddc.gc.ca/tgonimdg/#upcoming you will 
find an Announcement and Call for Abstracts for a workshop on 
'Cross-Layer Issues in the Design of Tactical Mobile Ad Hoc Wireless 
Networks: Integration of Communication and Networking Functions to 
Support Optimal Information Management'. The workshop is being 
organized under the auspices of Task Group 12 of the NATO Research 
and Technology Organization's Information Systems Technology Panel (
http://www.valcartier.drdc-rddc.gc.ca/tgonimdg/ ). It will take place on
2-3 June 2004 at the US Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC.

The workshop will address the challenge of 'top-to-bottom' information
management in disadvantaged (unreliable, low bandwidth or
energy-constrained) mobile wireless military communication networks. Crucial
issues relating to communication and networking in hostile environments span
the entire layered structure from the physical layer up through the session
layer. The conventional way to implement networks is to use a strictly
layered structure, in which these issues are addressed separately, while
defining interfaces to higher and lower layer functions. Although such an
approach may be appropriate for wired networks, the characteristics of
wireless networks suggest that improved performance may be obtained by
addressing these issues in a coordinated (or "cross-layer") fashion. This
workshop will address alternative approaches to various aspects of the
communication/networking problem, and will assess the potential benefits
that may be achieved through the vertical integration of layer
functionality, with emphasis on improved collaboration with user
applications to achieve optimal information management over a disadvantaged
network.

The topic will be of interest to military or scientific personnel concerned
with the efficient use of limited resources in disadvantaged communications
environments.

Our keynote presentation will be given by Dr. Michael B. Pursley, Holcombe
Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University.

The workshop is open to citizens of NATO member countries who are working
for a government, military, industrial or academic organization or
institution within a NATO nation on a topic relevant to the theme of the
workshop. The workshop is UNCLASSIFIED. The working language will be
English. There is no registration fee.

Please notify the undersigned of your desire to attend and/or make a
presentation, using the form included in the attached Word document, NOT
LATER THAN 18 February 2004. Submission of the form by electronic means is
encouraged.

We would appreciate your cooperation in forwarding the Announcement to
colleagues that you feel may have an interest in the subject.


Sincerely,
Jeffrey Wieselthier
Code 5521
Information Technology Division
Naval Research Laboratory
Washington, DC 20375
Tel:  +1 (202) 767-3043
Fax:  +1 (202) 767-1191
wieselthier@itd.nrl.navy.mil

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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar 30 18:16:25 2004
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Message-ID: <03dd01c4008e$456ace00$1f175d80@inria.fr>
From: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
To: "ying ge" <ying.ge@crc.ca>, <manet@ietf.org>
References: <5.1.0.14.2.20040302163149.02cca3c8@buzonpdi.uma.es> <007101c40084$404a22e0$4c225c8e@anik2>
Subject: Re: [manet] OLSR - questions on MPR calculation
Date: Tue, 2 Mar 2004 20:40:50 +0100
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Dear Yi,

My comments are in the text.

Philippe
----- Original Message -----
From: ying ge <ying.ge@crc.ca>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, March 02, 2004 7:29 PM
Subject: [manet] OLSR - questions on MPR calculation


> Dear group,
>
> I'm looking at the proposed OLSR_RFC MPR selection mechanism, and have the
> following questions:
>
> 1) in step 1 of MPR calculation -- "Start with an MPR set made of all
> members of N with N_willingness equal to WILL_ALWAYS"
>
>      Does it mean that a "WILL_ALWAYS" neighbor has to be selected as MPR
> even if it has no connection to any 2-hop neighbors? In this case, the MID
> and TC messages would be unnecessarily relayed by that neighbor, which may
> make the wireless media busier. Can we put it as "Start with an MPR set
made
> of all members of N with N_willingness equal to WILL_ALWAYS, and N has at
> least one 2_hop_neighbor"?

Basic OLSR routers should not have willingness equal to WILL_ALWAYS. We use
WIL_ALWAYS when the network contains
a set of node that the administrator wants to manually set as a wireless
backbone.
>
> 2) in step 4.2 -- "Select as a MPR the node with highest N_willingness
among
> the nodes in N with non-zero reachability. In case of multiple choice
select
> the node which provides reachability to the maximum number of nodes in N2.
> In case of multiple nodes providing the same amount of reachability,
select
> the node as MPR whose D(y) is greater. Remove the nodes from N2 which are
> now covered by a node in the MPR set. "
>
>      If we select neighbors with higher willingness as MPR, regardless how
> many two hop neighbors it is connected to, may we ended up choose a lot of
> MPRs? If there is too many MPRs in the network, the control overhead of
the
> OLSR may be very high, which may degrade the routing protocol's
performance
> (more data packet may be dropped because of the busy media, the end-to-end
> delay of the data packets may be very long...).
>
This is true to some extend for broadcast control traffic (the increase is
not that big) but not true for data traffic which should take the most
bandwidth. The routes are still the shortest path with willingness, excepted
that routes will take relay nodes with highest willingness. Willingness
should be used with care, for example in order to reflect the battery
capacity of the host. It helps to spread the broadcast relaying so that it
does not kill the battery of some relay faster than it could be.

>      I have such a question because I used to introduce QoS routing into
> OLSR, and tried to select as MPR the neighbors which have the best QoS
> conditions, which is similar to the concept that "to select as the highest
> willingness neighbors as MPR". From the OPENT simulation, I found that
with
> such mechanism, much more MPRs is selected, compared with the mechanism
> proposed in OLSR draft version 3 (select the neighbor which have the most
> reachability to the 2-hop-neighbors). Further more, the OPNET simulation
> result shows that because of the large numbers of MPRs in the network, the
> overhead is high, and the routing protocol's performance ("packet delivery
> ratio" and "end-to-end-delay" for data packets) is not satisfactory.
>
>      My idea to solve this problem is to define a formula, and put the
> neighbor "willingness" and "reachability to 2-hop-neighbors" as two
> inputs -- such as Weight(willingness, reachability) = neighbor'
willingness
> + neighbor's reachability. Then select the neighbour that has the highest
> "Weight" as MPR. Will this work? Please give me your ideas...
>
> Maybe there are some special reasons or special scenarios the proposed MPR
> selection mechanism should apply? If yes, would you please kindly tell me?
>
> Thanks and Best regards
>
> Ying
>
> Ying Ge
> Communications Research Centre Canada | Centre de recherches sur les
> communications Canada
> 3701 Carling Ave. | 3701, avenue Carling
> PO Box 11490, Station H | CP 11490, succursale H
> Ottawa ON K2H 8S2 | Ottawa (Ontario) K2H 8S2
> (613) 998-2819 | ying.ge@crc.ca |
> Web site / Site web : www.crc.ca
> Government of Canada | Gouvernement du Canada
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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From: Ian Chakeres <idc@cs.ucsb.edu>
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Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 12:55:55 -0800
To: "B.VenkataRamana" <vramana@cs.iitm.ernet.in>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE:[manet] interaction between IP & Any routing protocol
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We have a paper "AODV Routing Protocol Implementation Design". You can
download it from http://moment.cs.ucsb.edu/publications. It details
the design of our AODV implementation. I will be presenting it at WWAN
in Tokyo next month.

Ian Chakeres

>B.VenkataRamana wrote:
>
>hi 
>
>can you please tell me, how does Internet Protocol(IP) interact with AODV
>or any other routing protocol when it is required to forward a data
>packet?. please tell me for both cases, when route info is available in
>the table, when the route info is NOT available in the routing table.
>finally, any changes/modifications are required for IP to work with the
>routing protocols of MANETs.
>
>sincerely
>Venkataramana
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

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Subject: RE: SV: Re: SV: Re: SV: RE: [manet] Default Routes (Intern)
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
To: "Fredrik Alriksson (KI/EAB)" <fredrik.alriksson@ericsson.com>
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	 <1F55F6582266314A85A55F6241509B670A295ACD@Esealnt863.al.sw.ericsson.se>
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On Mon, 2004-03-08 at 10:43, Fredrik Alriksson (KI/EAB) wrote:
> > >>What makes you think that route entries for global 
> > addresses assigned to
> > >>MANET nodes should not be maintained inside the MANET? I do 
> > not see any
> > >>reason. If gateway obtains valid route entry for a 
> > destination node's
> > >>    
> > >>
> > >
> > >Tunneling does not totally exclude global (non-adhoc) 
> > addresses in the
> > >MANET. Routing entries for global addresses still have to be 
> > maintained
> > >at end nodes. It just simplifies the routing, and you achieves route
> > >aggregation since you can share a tunnel among many addresses. In the
> > >AODV case, there is also no need to maintain sequence 
> > numbers for routes
> > >to global destinations since it maps to the gateway route. This would
> > >not be the case if you "import" global addresses/routes into 
> > the ad hoc
> > >network.
> > >
> > >  
> > >
> > Route aggregation ? Well usually route aggregation is for the routing 
> > table ... and if you don't use a default route it means you will still 
> > have a routing entry for each destination. The "next hop" entry will be 
> > the same tunnel, but still you have one entry per destination. This 
> > doesn't really look like route aggregation ... but maybe did you mean 
> > something else ?
> 
> Erik didn't answer to this, right? Anyway: I agree that you won't see any route aggregation in the end node's routing table, but you will in the routing tables of the intermediate nodes.
> 

Yes, exactly. You have aggregation (on intermediate nodes) in the sense
that you map several destinations (on end nodes) to the same gateway
route. I.e., a node close to the gateway can forward packets to many
Internet destinations while only maintaining a gateway route. Overall,
you can save a lot of entries (state) in the network.

//Erik


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Date: Wed, 07 Jan 2004 10:39:18 +0100
From: Ali Hamidian <alexh@telecom.lth.se>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Trace file
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------000202050107070404050309
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Hi Minh Tam. I replied your mail before christmas but obviously you 
havn't received it. So now I resend it. Hope it's not too late.




Hi!

The trace file shows that the source (mobile node _3_) cannot find the 
destination (wired node _2_). Since the mobile node cannot find a route 
to the wired node, I suspect that you're still running AODV and not AODV+.

So, please make sure that you have followed all the steps in the README 
file correctly!

If you still cannot find why AODV is run instead of AODV+, contact me again.

Regards
Ali

minh tam wrote:

> Dear all,
>  
> I am a NS2 new user . I really confuse about the format of trace file.
> The attachment is the trace file after doing simulation of example 
> wireless2.tcl( tutorial ) using AODV+ 
> (http://www.telecom.lth.se/Personal/alexh/)
> I've checked with cmu-trace.cc but it doesn't match perfectly.
> Can anyone explain it to me?
>  
> Thanks !
>  
>  
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Yahoo! Personals 
> <http://au.rd.yahoo.com/mail/welcome/*http://au.personals.yahoo.com>
> - New people, new possibilities. FREE for a limited time!
>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>M 0.0 nn 3 x 670 y 670 rp  AODV
>M 0.0 sc ../mobility/scene/scen-3-test cp none seed 0.0
>M 0.0 prop Propagation/TwoRayGround ant Antenna/OmniAntenna
>M 33.00000 4194305 (83.36, 239.44, 0.00), (89.66, 283.49), 19.15
>M 50.00000 4194307 (591.26, 199.37, 0.00), (369.46, 170.52), 3.37
>M 51.00000 4194306 (257.05, 345.36, 0.00), (221.83, 80.86), 14.91
>s 160.000000000 _3_ AGT  --- 0 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0
>r 160.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 0 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0
>f 160.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>r 160.001200806 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>f 160.009192361 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>r 160.010252937 _5_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>r 160.010253143 _2_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>r 160.010253167 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>f 160.012598954 _5_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194307:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>r 160.013759530 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [4194307:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>f 160.016641794 _2_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194304:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>r 160.017582576 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 0 800] ------- [4194304:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
>f 162.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>r 162.001060806 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>f 162.009658083 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>r 162.010718659 _5_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>r 162.010718865 _2_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>r 162.010718890 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>f 162.011660048 _5_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194307:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>r 162.012760623 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [4194307:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>f 162.018789151 _2_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194304:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>r 162.019709932 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 0 800] ------- [4194304:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
>s 166.000000000 _3_ AGT  --- 1 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0
>r 166.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 1 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0
>f 166.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 3 [0 0] [4194305 8]] (REQUEST)
>  
>

--------------000202050107070404050309
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1">
  <title></title>
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff">
Hi Minh Tam. I replied your mail before christmas but obviously you
havn't received it. So now I resend it. Hope it's not too late. <br>
<br>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title></title>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Hi!<br>
<br>
The trace file shows that the source (mobile node _3_) cannot find the
destination (wired node _2_). Since the mobile node cannot find a route
to the wired node, I suspect that you're still running AODV and not
AODV+. <br>
<br>
So, please make sure that you have followed all the steps in the README
file correctly!<br>
<br>
If you still cannot find why AODV is run instead of AODV+, contact me
again.<br>
<br>
Regards<br>
Ali<br>
<br>
minh tam wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite"
 cite="mid20031219192108.64456.qmail@web20023.mail.yahoo.com">
  <div>
  <div>
  <div>
  <div>Dear all, </div>
  <div>&nbsp;</div>
  <div>I am a NS2 new user . I really confuse about the format of trace
file.</div>
  <div>The attachment is the trace file after doing simulation of
example wireless2.tcl( tutorial ) using AODV+ (<a
 href="http://www.telecom.lth.se/Personal/alexh/" target="_blank"><font
 color="#0000ff">http://www.telecom.lth.se/Personal/alexh/</font></a>)</div>
  <div>I've checked with cmu-trace.cc but it doesn't match perfectly.</div>
  <div>Can anyone explain it to me?</div>
  <div>&nbsp;</div>
  <div>Thanks !</div>
  <div>&nbsp;</div>
  <div>&nbsp;</div>
  </div>
  </div>
  </div>
  <p><br>
  </p>
  <hr size="1"><a
 href="http://au.rd.yahoo.com/mail/welcome/*http://au.personals.yahoo.com"
 target="_blank"><b>Yahoo! Personals</b></a><br>
- New people, new possibilities. FREE for a limited time!
  <pre wrap=""><hr width="90%" size="4">
M 0.0 nn 3 x 670 y 670 rp  AODV
M 0.0 sc ../mobility/scene/scen-3-test cp none seed 0.0
M 0.0 prop Propagation/TwoRayGround ant Antenna/OmniAntenna
M 33.00000 4194305 (83.36, 239.44, 0.00), (89.66, 283.49), 19.15
M 50.00000 4194307 (591.26, 199.37, 0.00), (369.46, 170.52), 3.37
M 51.00000 4194306 (257.05, 345.36, 0.00), (221.83, 80.86), 14.91
s 160.000000000 _3_ AGT  --- 0 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0
r 160.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 0 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0
f 160.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
r 160.001200806 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
f 160.009192361 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
r 160.010252937 _5_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
r 160.010253143 _2_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
r 160.010253167 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
f 160.012598954 _5_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194307:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
r 160.013759530 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [4194307:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
f 160.016641794 _2_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194304:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
r 160.017582576 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 0 800] ------- [4194304:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 1 [0 0] [4194305 4]] (REQUEST)
f 162.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
r 162.001060806 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
f 162.009658083 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 1 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
r 162.010718659 _5_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
r 162.010718865 _2_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
r 162.010718890 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194306:255 -1:255 29 0] [0x2 2 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
f 162.011660048 _5_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194307:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
r 162.012760623 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 3 800] ------- [4194307:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
f 162.018789151 _2_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 2 800] ------- [4194304:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
r 162.019709932 _4_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 ffffffff 0 800] ------- [4194304:255 -1:255 28 0] [0x2 3 2 [0 0] [4194305 6]] (REQUEST)
s 166.000000000 _3_ AGT  --- 1 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0
r 166.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 1 tcp 40 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:0 0:0 32 0] [0 0] 0 0
f 166.000000000 _3_ RTR  --- 0 AODV 48 [0 0 0 0] ------- [4194305:255 -1:255 30 0] [0x2 1 3 [0 0] [4194305 8]] (REQUEST)
  </pre>
</blockquote>
</body>
</html>

--------------000202050107070404050309--


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Thread-Topic: ZRP Simulation
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From: "#ZHOU XIAOFENG#" <PG07637927@ntu.edu.sg>
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Hi,Justin
I followed your advice and recompile the WHOLE of glomosim.
but the problem seems more serious:
after "Make", the error is: Failed linking =
'../bin/glomosim',namely,there is no Executable file "glomosim" in the =
directory "/bin"
and another error is about the zrp: cause I replace the zrp.pc and zrp.h =
in "/glomosim-2.03/glomosim/network",in the indication of "make failure" =
there is a sentence"implicit declaration of function =
'NetworkIpSetMacLayerStatusEventHandlerFunction'.
So,the problem is I can't use the executable file"glomosim" any more.
Could you help me with this problem?
Thank you very much!

________________________________

From: Justin Lipman [mailto:justin@titr.uow.edu.au]
Sent: 2004-3-4 (=D0=C7=C6=DA=CB=C4) 13:17
To: #ZHOU XIAOFENG#
Subject: Re: [manet] ZRP simulation




Hi Zhou,

No, your operation is incorrect.

You need to copy the ZRP files to the correct locations as explained in =
the
documentation. Then you need to "recompile" the WHOLE of glomosim.

go to glomosim/main

there should be a "Makefile" there...

type "make"

and it should recompile glomosim.

You can not just compile ZRP using pcc.

I suggest you read the documentation on Glomosim to see how it works.
There is a guide for it at the following location. Look at page 5.

http://www.ida.liu.se/~TGTU09/mobnetwork/lab_mobile/Glomosim_Short_Manual=
.pdf

Hope this helps,
Justin


On Thu, 4 Mar 2004 04:02 pm, you wrote:
> Hi,thank you for your advice.
> Maybe the error exists my operation.
> I want compile the zrp.pc, using the command "pcc -c zrp.pc",is it =
right?
>
> Maybe the version of gcc has no relation with the errors.
> there is an interesting phenomena: when I set PATH in .cshrc, adding =
the
> /home/glomosim-2.03/glomosim/include and /main, the compiling result =
is
> same; while if I change the source code of ZRP, such as add the path =
of
> each include head file, the errors reduced. I don't know what's the =
reason,
> could you explain it to me?
> Thank you very much.
>
> ________________________________
>
> From: Justin Lipman [mailto:justin@titr.uow.edu.au]
> Sent: 2004-3-4 (=D0=C7=C6=DA=CB=C4) 11:42
> To: #ZHOU XIAOFENG#; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] ZRP simulation
>
>
>
> Hi Zhou,
>
> Sounds like you have a problem with the version of gcc that is being =
used.
> I havent tried compiling ZRP in GlomoSim, but your description of the
> errors sounds familiar to the problem I had when using the incorrect
> version of gcc.
>
> at your unix prompt type gcc -v
> if you have any other version of gcc other than gcc-2.95 then you will =
have
> this problem.
>
> You might also want to limit these types of questions to the GlomoSim
> mailing lists... if they still exist...
>
> hope this helps,
> Justin
>
> On Thu, 4 Mar 2004 01:22 pm, #ZHOU XIAOFENG# wrote:
> > Hi,all
> > I have download the source code of ZRP in Glomosim from
> > http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu/wnlprojects.html and I untar the =
compressed
> > package release the zrp.h and zrp.pc
> > then copy these two files into the /glomosim-2.03/glomosim/network =
to
> > overwrite the existed files with same name. then delete the files =
zrp.o
> > and zrp.pi the next step is compile zrp.pc to produce .pi and .o =
files,
> > but when I compile the zrp.pc, there are some errors: such as all of =
the
> > include files in the source code of zrp.pc.
> >
> > Could anybody tell me the reason? and how to tackle it.
> > or could you tell me how to perform the simulation of zrp
> > Thank you very much!
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
> --
> Research Associate
> Smart Internet Technology Cooperative Research Centre
> http://www.titr.uow.edu.au/~justin

--
Research Associate
Smart Internet Technology Cooperative Research Centre
http://www.titr.uow.edu.au/~justin




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Date: Thu, 04 Mar 2004 10:35:49 +0100
From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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Anders and Erik, see my comments inline.

andersn@telecom.lth.se wrote:

>Hello,
>
>Let me see if I understood the draft correctly.
>
>  
>
>>However, I have another question. How do you handle "contention" between
>>the announcements at the edges of bordering prefix islands?
>>    
>>
>
>An upstream node chooses a new or different gateway if it is 1 hop closer
>than the one it is currently using.
>  
>
We have proposed two main approaches : either an ad hoc node 
periodically chooses the closest gateway (whatever prefix it uses) or it 
tries to keep its current prefix as long as possible, whatever the 
distance to the gateway. Note that to do so the node must keep a view of 
its one-hop neighborhood, in order to check if it still has neighbors 
that use the same prefix.

So a node at the edges of two or more islands will choose its upstream 
neighbor according to one of these two proposals.

>  
>
>>I guess that
>>borderline nodes have the ability to select gateway by themselves, but
>>that could potentially affect many downstream nodes that previously used
>>another prefix. A node could also cut off and isolate islands of nodes
>>if it chooses to change prefix/gateway.
>>    
>>
>
>I think that depends on whether the network is using a reactive or
>proactive protocol. If a reactive protocol is used, the routing protocol
>is still responsisble for establishing a route to the gateway. In that
>case the downstream node would at least not be isolated, it can continue
>to use the old gateway. The question is whether the downstream have to
>configure a new address when the prefix announced by the upstream node
>changes. If that is the case, we might have some problems. As the network
>can be very mobile, borderline nodes receiveing announcements about two
>different gateways, from two different neighbors, might choose two to
>switch back forth between the two gateways. This easily happens when a
>node chooses a new gateway when it is 1 hop closer than its current one,
>and the network have mobility that causes frequent topology changes.
>
>  
>
I'm afraid this is not correct. Whatever routing protocol, the ad hoc 
node MUST use its upstream neighbor as next hop to the gateway 
(otherwise prefix continuity is not guaranteed, and because packets have 
no routing header they could end-up at another gateway). You are right 
when you say that a change of prefix at a given node can trigger a 
change in prefix at all "downstream" nodes. It of course depends on the 
algorithm used (distance or prefix stability), the topology, the 
mobility etc ... I am doing some simulations in order to evaluate the 
impact of a change, I hope to be able to submit a paper for publication 
very soon. Also not that changes of address are expected to be handled 
by MIPv6 to maintain connectivity at the transport layer. So the address 
obtained in the ad hoc network is a care-of address.

>>What are the convergence times
>>for situations like that? Is it desirable that borderline nodes could
>>have such a big effect on lots of downstream nodes?
>>
>>    
>>
>
>I do not think the convergence time is that big, as nodes "almost
>immediately" rebroadcasts the message. Before updating it. However, if
>nodes have to configure a new address upon receipt of the announcement,
>the result can be very bad. I have simulated this, and it helps a lot if
>the condition to switch is increased to 2 hops, but that would of course
>create non optimal routes.
>
>I am not sure if the draft actually says that nodes should reconfigure a
>new  address when your upstream tells you to. If that is so, I am not so
>sure that is a wise thing to do. Christophe, please correct me if anything
>I say here is wrong.
>
>/Anders
>
>  
>
Convergence is indeed very quick, because when there is change of prefix 
all "downstream" nodes are impacted almost immediately (the time it 
takes for control packets to propagate).

Christophe


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Date: Thu, 04 Mar 2004 11:03:33 +0100
From: Christophe Jelger <jelger@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr>
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To: "'manet'" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
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Please see my comments inline.

HyunWook Cha wrote:

>Hello, Christophe. 
>
>Please see my inline comments.
>
>  
>
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On 
>>Behalf Of Christophe Jelger
>>Sent: Wednesday, March 03, 2004 10:19 PM
>>To: manet
>>Subject: Re: [manet] Default Routes
>>
>>
>>
>>Anders,
>>
>>The difference with pure flooding is that an ad hoc does not 
>>forward the 
>>information if it does not use it. With this very simple rule prefix 
>>continuity is possible.
>>
>>We did not want to add a default route for reactive protocols 
>>because :
>>1. If there is a default route, how can the protocol be reactive ? 
>>(there is always a match in the routing table for any destination)
>>    
>>
>
>Why not? It depends on the condition on which route discovery should be
>triggered based. We can give more stric constraint like this to reactive
>routing protocol. If  a valid route entry which is not a default route
>is not found, peform route discovery. Otherwise, another way is
>presented in my draft(and somewhere in other draft). If default route is
>available according to source address, do not "route discovery" and just
>forward using the default route. And later,         prefix route(/n)
>entry from solicited/unsolicited gateway advertisement is found, packets
>are forwarded using the prefix route and perform route discovery. ->
>"route optimization". I think that this approach is also
>reacive(on-demand). 
>
>  
>
OK you are right, one could find some rules in order to use a default 
route. However this is slightly contradictory with the basic routing 
approach : there is a route, therefore I use it ! ;-) I think this is 
something that is maybe more related to routing, so people of AODV and 
DSR are better placed to decide whether they want to do something like 
that or not. I don't really bother, I just prefered not to do so.

(more below)

>>2. If there is no default route, the gateway can reply to REQ for 
>>destinations that are outside the Internet. Of course if we want to 
>>guarantee that all nodes on the path to the gateway share the same 
>>prefix, we cannot use the route obtained via the reactive 
>>protol. Each node must send the packet to the neighbor from which it
>>    
>>
>got 
>  
>
>>its prefix. I'm sure how this could be specified within the operation
>>    
>>
>of 
>  
>
>>a reactive protocol.
>>
>>Christophe
>>
>>    
>>
>
>I remember that we have discussed about this. Could you elaborate on
>this? 
>
>More question. When current default route(path) which share same prefix
>breaks, how can this fact is informed to downstream nodes immediately?
>By RERR for the corresponding gateway? As I mentioned several times
>before, it is not guaranteed that route informaition(next hop of the gw)
>obtained by routing protocol is same as upstream neighbor of the default
>route. 
>
If there is a break, downstream nodes are not informed in an active way. 
They have a timer associated with the upstream neighbor entry. If it 
does not send updated information within a short period of time (we 
chose a default value of 3*2 seconds, 2 seconds being the period at 
which this information should be updated), the entry is removed, and the 
node chooses a new upstream neighbor. Maybe we could use a more clever 
mechanism to detect link breaks, but in this case there is a probability 
to detect "false" breaks.

>Thus, RERR for the gateway may not be issued. If different
>neighbor node advertising same prefix is available, you can switch this
>node as new upstream node. However, If not, (It may take a few seconds
>to recognize this.) the node should change its address with one with
>different prefix. In recuresively, all downstream nodes will change
>their addresses if they are arranged in a line. Total delays are
>incremented node by node until leaf node will recognize breakage of the
>default route.
>  
>I have a question which has not been asked before. In your draft, how
>can a gateway determine that a global address affiliated to its prefix
>is owned by a MANET node or not? A gateway can do this because it should
>issue ICMP destination unreachable for addresses which are not used any
>more by MANET nodes and perform route discovery for addresses which are
>used by MANET nodes. In other drafts including Wakikawa's, Pekka's, and
>mine, a node updates its address lifetime as well as reachability from a
>gateway through periodic RREQ/RREP exchange.  
>
>Regards,
>
>HyunWook
>
> 
>
>  
>



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Subject: [manet] Ad hoc mode in IEEE 802.11b
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There are 2 or 3 modes available in IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN. 
1. ad hoc mode
2. infrastructure mode
3. AP mode

I don't find a part referring to these modes in IEEE 802.11(b) std.
What is "ad hoc mode" from the viewpoint of 802.11? 


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From: David Young <dyoung@pobox.com>
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Subject: [manet] hello protocols inappropriate for link sensing?
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The discussion of OLSR link hysteresis & OLSR hello protocol reminds me
of my misgivings about using hello protocols for link-sensing.

My experience with the OSPF Hello protocol on 802.11b networks has been
that it is not effective for link sensing.  The multicast Hello packets
get "clobbered" (to use the technical term) by the unicast packets.
Routes are quite stable until the network sees prolonged unicast
traffic. For example, during an FTP download, hellos do not get through,
and OSPF detects that links are down in spite of their ability to bear
traffic. My network is static, so I "solved" the problem by raising the
OSPF Dead Interval. That is no solution for a mobile network.

Note that in my example, the FTP stream will produce ample evidence of
the link's bearing ability, if only OSPF will "eavesdrop" on it.

It will depend on the link layer whether or not hello messages help
fulfill the link-sensing role, so I question whether it is appropriate
for a layer-3 routing protocol to define link-sensing as a role for
the hello protocol.  It seems that a layer-3 routing protocol should
define an abstract link-sensing module, only. A link-sensing module will
provide link indications (up/down, percentage BER/PER, S/N, "goodness")
to a routing module (OLSR, AODV, whatever).  A routing module can assist
the link-sensing module by registering as a beacon-producing/expecting
agent. In Java-like pseudocode, the abstract interface might look
like this

        abstract class link_sense_listener {
                link_sense(neighbor, link_quality);
        }

        abstract class link_sense_module {
                registration register_listener(link_sense_listener listener);
                unregister_listener(registration r);
                registration register_beacon(integer interval, integer jitter,
                    integer pkt_length, boolean does_produce,
                    boolean does_expect);
                unregister_beacon(registration r);
        }

        class router extends link_sense_listener {

                registration link_listen_registration, beacon_registration;

                link_sense(neighbor n, link_quality q) {
                        /* update link database here */
                }

                router constructor(ip_address my_ip, integer hello_rate,
                    link_sense_module lm)
                {
                        self.link_listen_registration =
                            lm.register_listener(self);
                        self.beacon_registration =
                            lm.register_beacon(hello_rate, .1 * hello_rate,
                                128, true, true);
                }
        }

Thoughts?

Dave

-- 
David Young             OJC Technologies
dyoung@ojctech.com      Urbana, IL * (217) 278-3933

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Subject: Re: [manet] Association in IBSS?
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On Sat, 2004-03-20 at 05:33, gawlin wrote:
> Hi,
>=20
> I'd like to ask if there exists association process in IBSS mode in 802.1=
1?
>=20
> 802.11 specification says that only STA services applay to an IBSS and
> association belongs to distribution system services, so it seems thet in
> IBSS there shouldn't be association. I want to make sure if  I'm right.
>=20
> Thanks
> M. Gawlinski


You are right. A node joining an IBSS will simply 'adopt' the parameters
of the IBSS such as beacon interval and then participate in the
distributed beacon generation algorithm.

Regards,
Amit
--=20
     .| Amit Kucheria                       |.
   ...| Wireless Systems Engineer           |...
 .....| Metric Systems Corp., San Diego, CA |.....
......| www.metricsystems.com               |......


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Subject: [manet] Local Recovery of AODV
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hi,

I was using ns2.1b8a to simulate of the peformance of AODV with and without 
local recovery. it is expected that AODV with local recovery should 
outperform AODV without. however, our simulation results shows that the 
local recovery decreased the performance of AODV. our simulation scenario is 
map of 2000mx1600m, node number=100, transmission range of 350, random way 
point with medium mobility.

anyone know that reason that local recovery decreased the performance of 
AODV?

Thanks

Rdgs
Genping

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From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Ash=20Mohammad=20Abbas?= <abbas_iitd2001@yahoo.co.in>
Subject: Re: [manet] Size of Traces
To: Karun Verma <karun8880@hotmail.com>, manet@ietf.org
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The number of connections is too high, it should also
be around 10.
Abbas



 --- Karun Verma <karun8880@hotmail.com> wrote: >
Hello everybody,
> 
> After reading ur views on the size of tora traces
> due to high mobility. i 
> have reduced the mobility to 10m/s but increased the
> number of connections 
> during simulation time which is 200 sec and 200
> connections in between. used 
> cbrgen.tcl fro generating the traffic. now the
> traces are coming with size 
> more than 300MB. Please also suggest me another
> script for generating 
> traffic automatically for the simulation
> environment.
> 
> Thanx in Advance
> 
> ############################################
> 
> #                              Karun Verma          
>                         
>       #
> 
> ###########################################
> 
>
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CALL FOR PAPERS

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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&lt;Apologies if you receive this message
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<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Special Session on MULTIMEDIA STREAMING
IN AD HOC NETWORKS</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">at the 2004 International Conference
on Distributed Multimedia Systems (DMS '04)</font>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Hotel Sofitel, San Francisco Bay, California</font>
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<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Important Dates </font>
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Subject: [manet] mesh networks
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I m looking for some references about mesh networks
thank you


=09

=09
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 This is a multipart mime message


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<P>=0AHi,<BR>=0A<BR>=0AThere is a limit in AODV for the max number of RREQ'=
s that can be sent by a given node in unit time. The default value of this =
limit (RREQ_RATELIMIT) is given as 10 in RFC 3561 [page no 31].<BR>=0A<BR>=
=0AIs there any logic that goes into determining the RATELIMIT ? If yes the=
n what parameters need to be considered to fix up a value for RATELIMIT ? W=
ill this value change depending on the implementation scenario ?<BR>=0A<BR>=
=0A-<BR>=0APunit=0A</P>=0A=0A=0A<br><br>=0A<A target=3D"_blank" HREF=3D"htt=
p://clients.rediff.com/signature/track_sig.asp"><IMG SRC=3D"http://ads.redi=
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Hi,=0A=0AThere is a limit in AODV for the max number of RREQ's that can be =
sent by a given node in unit time. The default value of this limit (RREQ_RA=
TELIMIT) is given as 10 in RFC 3561 [page no 31].=0A=0AIs there any logic t=
hat goes into determining the RATELIMIT ? If yes then what parameters need =
to be considered to fix up a value for RATELIMIT ? Will this value change d=
epending on the implementation scenario ?=0A=0A-=0APunit=0A=0A
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar 30 18:33:17 2004
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Reply-To: "Alaa Muqattash" <alaa@ece.arizona.edu>
From: "Alaa Muqattash" <alaa@ece.arizona.edu>
To: "'MANET'" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <000001c3b050$4ad19fb0$67f57b80@IEngr.ad.nmsu.edu>
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Subject: [manet] typical values carrier sense threshold ??
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Hi,

I would appreciate it if someone can direct me to references (e.g., wireless
cards data sheets) that show the carrier sense threshold for a typical
802.11 wireless interface card.

Also, it would be great if you know about a reference that talks about how
exactly this carrier sense mechanism is designed/implemented.

Thanks a lot in advance.

Best,
Alaa

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "John Mullen" <jomullen@nmsu.edu>
To: "'Richard Ogier'" <ogier@erg.sri.com>
Cc: "'MANET'" <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, November 21, 2003 9:55 AM
Subject: RE: [manet] Question regarding Mobility


> Hi Richard,
>
> You are correct in the matter of non-independent speed, however, I am
> unaware of any result that takes this into consideration.  In "The
> spatial node distribution of the random waypoint mobility model." (1st
> German Workshop on Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (WMAN'02), Ulm, Germany,
> 2002.), Christian Bettstetter discusses this problem at length and
> develops a couple of approximate distributions.  He also performed some
> simulations which seem to indicate the approximations are pretty close.
> Bettstetter has published more on this topic, so you may want to check
> out his web page:
>
> http://www.lkn.ei.tum.de/~chris/#Publications
>
> John Mullen
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> Richard Ogier
> Sent: Friday, November 21, 2003 9:38 AM
> To: Philippe Jacquet
> Cc: MANET
> Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
>
>
> Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>
> >Yes, Peter, the distribution changes if you introduce mobility and it
> >depends on the mobility model. Take the random way point model where
> >each node has a distinct a random destination point selected uniformly
> >in a square, and each node moves to this destination at constant speed.
>
> >In this case, the stationary density at point (x,y) (assuming a 1x1
> >square) is *( x* log x+(1-x)*log(1-x))*(y*log y +(1-y)*log(1-y)) which
> >differs from uniform density (which is equal to 1 at any point in the
> >1x1 square).
> >
> >Philippe
> >
> Philippe,
>
> Your result implies that you can consider the x and y directions
> independently. I don't think this is the case, because the speed in the
> x direction depends on the (x,y) direction of movement.
> I did some calculations, and I think your result assumes that the time
> to go from one random point to the next random point is constant (thus,
> if the distance between the 2 points is greater, the speed must be
> greater).
>
> Just for fun I tried to derive the steady state distribution in one
> dimension for a unit interval [0,1] and got the following result
> (assuming constant speed and zero pause time):
>
>    C * x*(1-x)   (C is a normalization constant)
>
> The x*(1-x) term is simply the probability that the point x lies between
> two random numbers uniformly distributed in [0,1]. I ran a simulation on
> the unit interval [0,1] which confirms this result. In particular, the
> probability that the node is near x = 0.25 is 0.75 times the probability
> that the node is near x = 0.50.
>
> Unfortunately, this result cannot be extended to 2 dimensions by taking
> the product of this term for the x and y directions, because the x and y
> components of the node speed are not independent.
>
> Richard
>
> >
> >----- Original Message -----
> >From: Peter Pham <ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
> >To: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
> >Sent: Thursday, November 20, 2003 2:03 AM
> >Subject: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
> >
> >
> >>Hi all
> >>I am interested in modelling ad hoc networks. In the stationary
> >>scenario (nodes do not move), I can assume that the mobile nodes are
> >>distributed randomly according to Poisson distribution (many assumed
> >>so). However, is this assumption still valid under the mobility ? Can
> >>anyone give me some advice ?
> >>
> >>Peter Pham
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>manet mailing list
> >>manet@ietf.org
> >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
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>



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From: Claude Chaudet <Claude.Chaudet@ens-lyon.fr>
Subject: Re: [manet] Simulating 802.11b and g
Date: Tue, 18 Nov 2003 10:59:04 +0100
To: Emmanuel Agu <emmanuel@cs.wpi.edu>
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Hello,

That's true, NS (at least version 2.26) simulates 2Mbps 802.11.

Nevertheless, you can change this by simply putting in your script the 
following lines :
	Mac/802_11 set bandwidth_   11e6
	Mac/802_11 set dataRate_      11e6
	Mac/802_11 set basicRate_     2e6

This only changes the rate at which data is sent. This can be useful 
for simulating
802.11b protocol, for which only the physical layer changes. But 
simulating 802.11a
will need at least some timings modifications in the mac/mac-802_11.* 
files.

Concerning the physical layer parameters, I tried to update some 
parameters based on the
specification of an Avaya card. Nevertheless, being no expert in 
physical layers, I cannot
guarantee this will be the exact parameters.
Here they are :
	Phy/WirelessPhy set CPThresh_ 10.0
	Phy/WirelessPhy set CSThresh_ 5.011872e-12
	Phy/WirelessPhy set RXThresh_ 1.15209e-10
	Phy/WirelessPhy set Rb_ 11e6
	Phy/WirelessPhy set bandwidth_ 11e6
	Phy/WirelessPhy set Pt_ 0.031622777
	Phy/WirelessPhy set freq_ 2457e+6
	Phy/WirelessPhy set L_ 1.0

Concerning this, I wondered if anyone on this list could provide good 
values once
and for all, so that we can use ns, opnet and any other simulator on 
the same basis.
I am especially interested in the CPThresh parameter, i.e. the signal 
over noise
ratio (in dB) required to understand a frame. I found no value in any 
NIC specification.
I suppose it depends on the physical layer. 10 dB was used for early 
802.11, is it still
the good value for newer ones ?

Claude Chaudet.


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Message-ID: <002501c3b378$5a3e8500$2502a8c0@triplecom.net>
From: "Tao Lin" <taolin@vt.edu>
To: "Richard Ogier" <ogier@erg.sri.com>,
        "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
Cc: "MANET" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <3FBC12F3.2010808@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au> <00ab01c3af68$6baa7a60$1f175d80@inria.fr> <3FBE3F54.9000602@erg.sri.com> <024a01c3b35e$45229d60$1f175d80@inria.fr> <3FC38B35.9070004@erg.sri.com>
Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2003 12:19:51 -0500
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Glad to see the increasing interests in mobility models.  Random waypoint
model is not a good model from simulation theory point of view since some
statistical features may not reach steady state easily.

Here are two papers discussing the statistical features in some mobility
models.  I think the random-walk billiards model and the torus model
(wrap-around model) are both discussed in the first one.

1. C. Bettstetter, "Mobility Modeling in Wireless Networks: Categorization,
Smooth
Movement, and Border Effects," ACM Mobile Computing and Communications
Review,
Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 55-67, July 2001.

2. C. Bettstetter and C. Wagner. "The Spatial Node Distribution of the
Random WaypointMobilityModel"
In Proc. of the 1st GermanWorkshop on Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks,
Ulm, Germany, GI Lecture Notes in Informatics, No. P-11, pp. 41-58, March
2002.

Thanks,

 Tao Lin
 Ph.D. Candidate
 ECE Department
 Virginia Tech


----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Richard Ogier" <ogier@erg.sri.com>
To: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
Cc: "MANET" <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, November 25, 2003 12:02 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility


> Philippe,
>
> Thanks for computing the formula for the probability density of node
> position
> for random waypoint. I also started to compute the formula for 2
> dimensions,
> but quit when I saw how complicated it is. In actual simulations, to
> start out
> with the steady state density, it might be easiest to just generate two
> random
> points in the square and then choose a random point uniformly
> distributed on the
> line connecting the two points.
>
> Someone asked me about a proof that the random-walk billiards model
results
> in uniformly distributed node positions.  (This is the model in which a
node
> moves in a random direction for T seconds, bouncing off boundaries
> like a billiards ball, and choosing a new random direction after T
seconds.)
> I think this is fairly intuitive, by considering what happens if the
> node instead
> goes straight through the boundary into an equivalent region adjacent to
> the original region.  But is this result well known?   Can anyone point
> to a reference for this?
>
> Richard
>
>
>
> Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>
> >Richard,
> >
> >My mistake, you are right. I was considering the case where the node
reaches
> >its way point in a constant time. With a constant speed, zero pause time,
> >the density is your result: C (1-x)*x in dimension one. To be forgiven I
> >tried to compute the formula for the density in two dimensions. Not
really
> >fun. For x>y and (1-x)>y it should be proportional to j(x,y)+j(1-x,y)
with a
> >normalizing factor, with
> >j(x,y)=(1-x)*y*(2+log(x/y)-log((1-x)/(1-y))).
> >
> >For the other cases for (x,y) one makes use of symmetries and finally:
> >density(x,y)=C*(j(max(x,y),min(x,y))+j(max(1-x,y),min(1-x,y)))
> >
> >I made the integration over all angle of the product of the two distances
of
> >the point (x,y) to the border of the square within a given angle. I used
> >Maple. It needs to be cross checked.
> >.
> >
> >The plot looks like a very eroded pyramid: null density on the border and
> >top on the square center. The result should be the same when the speed is
> >randomly selected on finite distribution.
> >
> >Best regards,
> >Philipe
> >
> >----- Original Message -----
> >From: Richard Ogier <ogier@erg.sri.com>
> >To: Philippe Jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
> >Cc: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
> >Sent: Friday, November 21, 2003 5:37 PM
> >Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
> >
> >
> >>Philippe Jacquet wrote:
> >>
> >>>Yes, Peter, the distribution changes if you introduce mobility and it
> >>>depends on the mobility model. Take the random way point model where
each
> >>>node has a distinct a random destination point selected uniformly in a
> >>>square, and each node moves to this destination at constant speed. In
> >>>
> >this
> >
> >>>case, the stationary density at point (x,y) (assuming a 1x1 square) is
> >>>*( x* log x+(1-x)*log(1-x))*(y*log y +(1-y)*log(1-y)) which differs
from
> >>>uniform density (which is equal to 1 at any point in the 1x1 square).
> >>>
> >>>Philippe
> >>>
> >>Philippe,
> >>
> >>Your result implies that you can consider the x and y directions
> >>independently. I don't think this is the case, because the speed
> >>in the x direction depends on the (x,y) direction of movement.
> >>I did some calculations, and I think your result assumes that
> >>the time to go from one random point to the next random point
> >>is constant (thus, if the distance between the 2 points is
> >>greater, the speed must be greater).
> >>
> >>Just for fun I tried to derive the steady state distribution in one
> >>dimension for a unit interval [0,1] and got the following result
> >>(assuming constant speed and zero pause time):
> >>
> >>   C * x*(1-x)   (C is a normalization constant)
> >>
> >>The x*(1-x) term is simply the probability that the point x
> >>lies between two random numbers uniformly distributed in [0,1].
> >>I ran a simulation on the unit interval [0,1] which confirms this
result.
> >>In particular, the probability that the node is near x = 0.25
> >>is 0.75 times the probability that the node is near x = 0.50.
> >>
> >>Unfortunately, this result cannot be extended to 2 dimensions by
> >>taking the product of this term for the x and y directions, because
> >>the x and y components of the node speed are not independent.
> >>
> >>Richard
> >>
> >>>----- Original Message -----
> >>>From: Peter Pham <ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
> >>>To: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
> >>>Sent: Thursday, November 20, 2003 2:03 AM
> >>>Subject: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>>Hi all
> >>>>I am interested in modelling ad hoc networks. In the stationary
scenario
> >>>>(nodes do not move), I can assume that the mobile nodes are
distributed
> >>>>randomly according to Poisson distribution (many assumed so). However,
> >>>>is this assumption still valid under the mobility ?
> >>>>Can anyone give me some advice ?
> >>>>
> >>>>Peter Pham
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>_______________________________________________
> >>>>manet mailing list
> >>>>manet@ietf.org
> >>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>>
> >>>
> >>>_______________________________________________
> >>>manet mailing list
> >>>manet@ietf.org
> >>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>
> >>
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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To: Philippe Jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
References: <3FBC12F3.2010808@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au> <00ab01c3af68$6baa7a60$1f175d80@inria.fr> <3FBE3F54.9000602@erg.sri.com> <024a01c3b35e$45229d60$1f175d80@inria.fr>
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Philippe,

Thanks for computing the formula for the probability density of node 
position
for random waypoint. I also started to compute the formula for 2 
dimensions,
but quit when I saw how complicated it is. In actual simulations, to 
start out
with the steady state density, it might be easiest to just generate two 
random
points in the square and then choose a random point uniformly 
distributed on the
line connecting the two points.  

Someone asked me about a proof that the random-walk billiards model results
in uniformly distributed node positions.  (This is the model in which a node
moves in a random direction for T seconds, bouncing off boundaries
like a billiards ball, and choosing a new random direction after T seconds.)
I think this is fairly intuitive, by considering what happens if the 
node instead
goes straight through the boundary into an equivalent region adjacent to
the original region.  But is this result well known?   Can anyone point
to a reference for this?

Richard



Philippe Jacquet wrote:

>Richard,
>
>My mistake, you are right. I was considering the case where the node reaches
>its way point in a constant time. With a constant speed, zero pause time,
>the density is your result: C (1-x)*x in dimension one. To be forgiven I
>tried to compute the formula for the density in two dimensions. Not really
>fun. For x>y and (1-x)>y it should be proportional to j(x,y)+j(1-x,y) with a
>normalizing factor, with
>j(x,y)=(1-x)*y*(2+log(x/y)-log((1-x)/(1-y))).
>
>For the other cases for (x,y) one makes use of symmetries and finally:
>density(x,y)=C*(j(max(x,y),min(x,y))+j(max(1-x,y),min(1-x,y)))
>
>I made the integration over all angle of the product of the two distances of
>the point (x,y) to the border of the square within a given angle. I used
>Maple. It needs to be cross checked.
>.
>
>The plot looks like a very eroded pyramid: null density on the border and
>top on the square center. The result should be the same when the speed is
>randomly selected on finite distribution.
>
>Best regards,
>Philipe
>
>----- Original Message -----
>From: Richard Ogier <ogier@erg.sri.com>
>To: Philippe Jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
>Cc: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
>Sent: Friday, November 21, 2003 5:37 PM
>Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
>
>
>>Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>>
>>>Yes, Peter, the distribution changes if you introduce mobility and it
>>>depends on the mobility model. Take the random way point model where each
>>>node has a distinct a random destination point selected uniformly in a
>>>square, and each node moves to this destination at constant speed. In
>>>
>this
>
>>>case, the stationary density at point (x,y) (assuming a 1x1 square) is
>>>*( x* log x+(1-x)*log(1-x))*(y*log y +(1-y)*log(1-y)) which differs from
>>>uniform density (which is equal to 1 at any point in the 1x1 square).
>>>
>>>Philippe
>>>
>>Philippe,
>>
>>Your result implies that you can consider the x and y directions
>>independently. I don't think this is the case, because the speed
>>in the x direction depends on the (x,y) direction of movement.
>>I did some calculations, and I think your result assumes that
>>the time to go from one random point to the next random point
>>is constant (thus, if the distance between the 2 points is
>>greater, the speed must be greater).
>>
>>Just for fun I tried to derive the steady state distribution in one
>>dimension for a unit interval [0,1] and got the following result
>>(assuming constant speed and zero pause time):
>>
>>   C * x*(1-x)   (C is a normalization constant)
>>
>>The x*(1-x) term is simply the probability that the point x
>>lies between two random numbers uniformly distributed in [0,1].
>>I ran a simulation on the unit interval [0,1] which confirms this result.
>>In particular, the probability that the node is near x = 0.25
>>is 0.75 times the probability that the node is near x = 0.50.
>>
>>Unfortunately, this result cannot be extended to 2 dimensions by
>>taking the product of this term for the x and y directions, because
>>the x and y components of the node speed are not independent.
>>
>>Richard
>>
>>>----- Original Message -----
>>>From: Peter Pham <ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
>>>To: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
>>>Sent: Thursday, November 20, 2003 2:03 AM
>>>Subject: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
>>>
>>>
>>>>Hi all
>>>>I am interested in modelling ad hoc networks. In the stationary scenario
>>>>(nodes do not move), I can assume that the mobile nodes are distributed
>>>>randomly according to Poisson distribution (many assumed so). However,
>>>>is this assumption still valid under the mobility ?
>>>>Can anyone give me some advice ?
>>>>
>>>>Peter Pham
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>
>>>
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>
>>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>



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Dear Manet chairs,

As you know, for Manet deployment, some services are
necessary, such as MANET address autoconf, MANET DNS 
and Internet connectivity.  I think the Industry
really wants these services along with MANET unicast
routing protocols for manet network products.  Since
the 57th IETF meeting, we have dicussed these topics
actively both at on-site and on-line.
In this Seoul meeting, the ADs can handle these three
topics shortly for our next steps on site with many
interested engineers.
Thanks.

Regards,
Jaehoon Paul Jeong

----------------------------------------------------
From: Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil> 

MANETers:

Scott Corson and I (WG chairs) cannot attend the Seoul
meeting and are recommended
we skip this round and concentrate on firming up next
step action items on the mailing list.

If enough participants feel there should be a meeting
with specific agenda items the ADs could possibly host
a short meeting.

-Joe

__________________________________
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Dear Manet chairs,

As you know, for Manet deployment, some services are
necessary, such as MANET address autoconf, MANET DNS 
and Internet connectivity.  I think the Industry
really wants these services along with MANET unicast
routing protocols for manet network products.  Since
the 57th IETF meeting, we have dicussed these topics
actively both at on-site and on-line.
In this Seoul meeting, the ADs can handle these three
topics shortly for our next steps on site with many
interested engineers.
Thanks.

Regards,
Jaehoon Paul Jeong

----------------------------------------------------
From: Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil> 

MANETers:

Scott Corson and I (WG chairs) cannot attend the Seoul
meeting and are recommended
we skip this round and concentrate on firming up next
step action items on the mailing list.

If enough participants feel there should be a meeting
with specific agenda items the ADs could possibly host
a short meeting.

-Joe

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free web site building tool. Try it!
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Dear Manet chairs,

As you know, for Manet deployment, some services are
necessary, such as MANET address autoconf, MANET DNS 
and Internet connectivity.  I think the Industry
really wants these services along with MANET unicast
routing protocols for manet network products.  Since
the 57th IETF meeting, we have dicussed these topics
actively both at on-site and on-line.
In this Seoul meeting, the ADs can handle these three
topics shortly for our next steps on site with many
interested engineers.
Thanks.

Regards,
Jaehoon Paul Jeong

----------------------------------------------------
From: Joe Macker <macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil> 

MANETers:

Scott Corson and I (WG chairs) cannot attend the Seoul
meeting and are recommended
we skip this round and concentrate on firming up next
step action items on the mailing list.

If enough participants feel there should be a meeting
with specific agenda items the ADs could possibly host
a short meeting.

-Joe

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free web site building tool. Try it!
http://webhosting.yahoo.com/ps/sb/

_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



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From: "David Holmer" <dholmer@cs.jhu.edu>
To: <manet@ietf.org>, "'Miguel Sanchez'" <misan@disca.upv.es>
Subject: RE: [Fwd: Re: [manet] Power Saving in 802.11]
Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2003 10:34:45 -0500
Organization: Johns Hopkins University
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The several available power levels you are talking about for the Cisco
cards (that are discussed in the paper) are the different TRANSMIT power
levels. The power levels being discussed in the Intersil document are
different levels of SLEEP. While most wireless drivers I've looked at
can control transmit power levels, probably even on a per packet basis,
I have yet to find a driver that seems to be aware of the multiple sleep
levels. The only sleep related settings that seem to be wide spread are
related to configuring the built in PSM power saving modes. This is the
case in the Atheros drivers as well (transmit power settable, but no
sleep power settings beyond PSM).

- David Holmer


-----Original Message-----
From: Miguel Sanchez [mailto:misan@disca.upv.es]=20
Sent: Thursday, November 13, 2003 9:44 AM
To: dholmer@cs.jhu.edu
Cc: manet@ietf.org; 'Peter Pham'
Subject: Re: [Fwd: Re: [manet] Power Saving in 802.11]

Hi,

You may want to look for tech specs of Aironet Cisco 340 and 350 series
adapters.
I think 340 allow 4 power levels and 350 six different power levels,
software selectable. I haven't researched how long does a power change
to become effective though.

I think this paper
[http://black1.csl.uiuc.edu/~prkumar/ps_files/compow.pdf] uses these
cards to adapt transmission power level.  They did a real implementation
using Linux. I guess the paper will give you some of the details my
answer is lacking.

Best regards,

Miguel S=E1nchez
Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain

dholmer wrote:

>...
>
>Now for your other question on how feasible is it to control the power
>saving state of an actual NIC card. I haven't had that much experience
>with attempting that yet. The real question is if that functionality is
>available at the driver level, or if it is only a firmware controlled
>feature. A quick search through the Linux open source orinoco driver
>(which actually supports many types of cards) yielded no promising
leads
>for manual power control. However many options for enabling the default
>802.11 PSM and tweaking its parameters were available. In a pinch, it
>may be possible to switch the card in and out of PSM with very long
>beacon intervals, but some in depth experimentation would be necessary
>to test this out.
>
>David Holmer
>
>PS I had trouble locating a link to the Intersil application note. If
it
>has been removed, people can email me directly for a copy.




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From: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
To: "Peter Pham" <ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
Cc: "MANET" <manet@ietf.org>
References: <3FBC12F3.2010808@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au> <00ab01c3af68$6baa7a60$1f175d80@inria.fr> <3FBD5847.4040708@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2003 11:05:34 +0100
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Basically I am not aware of publications, these are easy derviations, you
can write the proof on the corner of a table...

Philippe
----- Original Message -----
From: Peter Pham <ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
To: Philippe Jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
Cc: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, November 21, 2003 1:11 AM
Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility


> Dear Philippe
>
> I am really intersted in the result. Is there any papers on this that
> you can refer to ?...Can you let me know ?
>
> Cheers
> Peter Pham
>
> Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>
> >Yes, Peter, the distribution changes if you introduce mobility and it
> >depends on the mobility model. Take the random way point model where each
> >node has a distinct a random destination point selected uniformly in a
> >square, and each node moves to this destination at constant speed. In
this
> >case, the stationary density at point (x,y) (assuming a 1x1 square) is
> >*( x* log x+(1-x)*log(1-x))*(y*log y +(1-y)*log(1-y)) which differs from
> >uniform density (which is equal to 1 at any point in the 1x1 square).
> >
> >Philippe
> >----- Original Message -----
> >From: Peter Pham <ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
> >To: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
> >Sent: Thursday, November 20, 2003 2:03 AM
> >Subject: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >>Hi all
> >>I am interested in modelling ad hoc networks. In the stationary scenario
> >>(nodes do not move), I can assume that the mobile nodes are distributed
> >>randomly according to Poisson distribution (many assumed so). However,
> >>is this assumption still valid under the mobility ?
> >>Can anyone give me some advice ?
> >>
> >>Peter Pham
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>_______________________________________________
> >>manet mailing list
> >>manet@ietf.org
> >>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
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> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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Subject: [manet] Default Routes (WAS: Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt) (Intern)
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Ryuji,

I think your preferred tunneling method (using the routing header) is good. Using default routes, on the contrary, might lead to problems and should be removed as an option:

If you have two gateways announcing the same default route, the MANET node has no control of which gateway the packet is routed out through. You might get problems with:
- Stateless firewalls: E.g. The first packet of your (TCP-) session might go out through another gateway than the one corresponding to the selected source IP address. Thus, the return inbound packets will not reach the gateway corresponding to the MANET node's source IP address if the gateway is behind i firewall because no state is set in the firewall.
- Ingress filtering: Outbound packets escaping out through "wrong" gateways are filtered out.

In addition to this, every time a MANEWT node moves e.g. on an OLSR MANET, until the routing converges, internal packets destined for this node might probably be sent out on the Internet along a default route.

In fact, my comment in the WG meetings against the use of default routes was mainly targeted at the possible use of NATs with a IPv4 MANET. Here you have the additional problem that some GWs will probably implement NATs as a gateway enabling technology. But after second thoughts, I think my comment also applies well to IPv6.


Paal

> From: Ryuji Wakikawa [ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp]
> Sent: 2004-03-03 07:58:37 CET
> To: jafy@etri.re.kr
> Cc: manet@ietf.org, autonet@ipv6.or.kr
> Subject: Re: [manet] Request of Comments on the i-d ietf-cha-manet-aodv-internet-00.txt
> 
> 
> I think the first step is MANET WG should make decision whether the WG
> includes internet connectivity stuff in manet charter or
> not. Otherwise, many similar drafts are submitted without any progress
> at IETF. 
> 
> BTW, the statement to our global6 is wrong in
> draft-cha-manet-aodv-internet.
> 
> You said
> [1 global6] which do not use next hop forwarding and require that a
> sender specifies a gateway in routing header.
> 
> In appendix D. of global6, we describe AODV operations and it said
> "When the node sends packets to the internet, it MAY use any of the two
> methods specified in section 7.1 and appendix C."
>   Section7.1 is for next-hop forwarding.
>   Appendix C is for the routing w/routing header
> 
> ryuji
> 
> 
> At Tue, 2 Mar 2004 16:07:17 +0900,
> HyunWook Cha wrote:
> > 
> > Hello, all.
> > 
> > After my presentation is finished, I got two comments. Although Paal's
> > comments which are more technical seem to be resolved(I guess. If wrong,
> > please correct me, Paal), I think that I must tell what is different
> > with existing solutions for MANET Internet connectivity in my draft. 
> > 
> > As I mentioned at my presentation, my draft consists of two component.
> > Route determination algorithm and Forwarding algorithm. As you know,
> > these are critical parts in this area(Int. Connectivity) and all
> > existing solutions address with their own way. 
> > 
> > Firstly, route optimization is not mentioned at existing drafts
> > referenced by mine (If wrong, please correct me.) 
> > 
> > As for proposed forwarding algorithm, forwarding using default route can
> > be done for packets without routing header. I.E, after look up of
> > routing table with destination address fails, forwarding decision is
> > based on source global address of the packet. That is, gw_info list is
> > searched with source prefix. If matched gw_info is found, the packet is
> > forwarded through host route entry for the gw advertising the prefix.
> > Thus, multiple addresses from multiple gateways can be configured in a
> > node and intermediate nodes can forward packets without routing header
> > only if gateway info list is maintained in the node.
> > 
> > I request valuable comments on my draft from authors of previous drafts
> > including C. Perkins, Wakikawa, C. Jelger, Pekka. Personally I also
> > believe that this area is very important and it is time to make
> > progress. How about requirement document or merged solution document?
> > Please let me know what is in your mind. Whoever is interested in this
> > topic may be welcomed in this thread.
> > 
> > Kindly Regards,
> > 
> > HyunWook Cha
> >    
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 
> _______________________________________________
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Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2003 01:10:21 +0100
From: Thomas Heide Clausen <T.Clausen@computer.org>
To: "Mona" <Mona.Ghassemian@kcl.ac.uk>
Cc: manet@ietf.org, ronan.de_renesse@kcl.ac.uk, audsindev@ieee.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Ad hoc routing protocols -Testbed codes
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On Thu, 11 Dec 2003 17:31:39 -0000
"Mona" <Mona.Ghassemian@kcl.ac.uk> wrote:

> Dear all,
> 
> I want to set up testbed for ad hoc networks.
> 
> I am only aware of some of the implementation codes from Uppsala
> university (AODV-UU), LUNAR , Mad-hoc - AODV implementation and OLSR
> implementation from INRIA.
> 
> I want to choose one of the existing protocols and extend it for QoS
> routing analysis and also for Internet connectivity.
> 
> Does any body know any other implementations or have experience with ad
> hoc testbeds that can be useful for my research?
> 
> Thanks in advance,
> 
> Mona

I am sure others will speak up for general testbeds and for code for AODV,
so I will just mention that we do maintain a list of OLSR implementations
(some of which support QoS already) at this www-page:

http://menetou.inria.fr/olsr/

If you need additional information regarding OLSR, please do not hessitate
to ask away ;)

--thomas

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From: "John Mullen" <jomullen@nmsu.edu>
To: "'Philippe Jacquet'" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
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Subject: RE: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
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Hi Philippe,

I recently published an approximation to the distance between random
pairs of nodes that is robust over a large number of situations, but the
most interesting one was the counterexample.

I described a situation in which almost all nodes were distributed
around the periphery of the area and few were in the middle.  As a
practical example, I suggested a crew fighting a forest fire.  This
situation gave my model fits and I suspect it would probably do the same
for a MANET protocol.

The torus model is interesting, but when would it describe node
behavior?  At a donut convention?

:-)

John Mullen

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Philippe Jacquet
Sent: Tuesday, November 25, 2003 7:25 AM
To: John Mullen; 'Richard Ogier'
Cc: 'MANET'
Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility


John,

Amir Qayyum, developped a simulator model which use the billard model.
It was called movinet. This may be good to model people moving on an
exhibition field. The way point model is better for modeling players on
a soccer
field;-)  An interesting model is when the map is a torus: nodes
disappearing on one end reappear on the other end. This would really put
the route control under stress ! To be more realistic nodes should
change identity when reappearing, therefore simulating an open network.

Philippe

----- Original Message -----
From: John Mullen <jomullen@nmsu.edu>
To: 'Richard Ogier' <ogier@earthlink.net>
Cc: 'MANET' <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, November 24, 2003 4:44 PM
Subject: RE: [manet] Question regarding Mobility


> Hi Richard,
>
> Well, we can argue mobility models, but in the end, it is how well 
> they reflect node behavior in a real situation that matters.  The 
> "choose a location and move to it" model is attractive because that is

> how people move around.  The "bounce off the boundary" model is not so

> attractive because people don't usually move this way.  People will 
> choose different models because they are thinking of different 
> contexts.
>
> However, the mobility model may not be that important.  Because of 
> shadowing and fading, received signals can easily vary by a factor of 
> 100 to 1 from their expected values and will tend to do so as a 
> function of the rate at which the environment is changing.  (Not just 
> the one node's speed, by that of all other objects and nodes in the 
> vicinity.) As a result, it may be the node's speed, together with data

> rate, packet length, transmission frequency, etc. that are the greater

> factors and the differences among many of the various mobility models 
> may just be a moot point.
>
> John Mullen
>
>



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Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2003 05:19:31 -0800
To: "Mona" <Mona.Ghassemian@kcl.ac.uk>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>, "ronan" <ronan.de_renesse@kcl.ac.uk>,
        "Dev" <audsindev@ieee.org>
Subject: RE:[manet] Ad hoc routing protocols -Testbed codes
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At http://moment.cs.ucsb.edu/aodv a list of publicly available AODV
implementations is maintained.

In regard to testbed experience you may want to see our publications
page, http://moment.cs.ucsb.edu/publications.php.

One other testbed experiment is aodv@ietf. See
http://moment.cs.ucsb.edu/aodv-ietf/.

Ian Chakeres

>Mona wrote:
>Dear all,
>
>I want to set up testbed for ad hoc networks.
>
>I am only aware of some of the implementation codes from Uppsala
>university (AODV-UU), LUNAR , Mad-hoc - AODV implementation and OLSR
>implementation from INRIA.
>
>I want to choose one of the existing protocols and extend it for QoS
>routing analysis and also for Internet connectivity.
>
>Does any body know any other implementations or have experience with
>ad hoc testbeds that can be useful for my research?
>
>Thanks in advance,
>
>Mona
>
>-----------------------------------------------------------
>Mona Ghassemian, PhD student
>Centre for Telecommunications Research
>King's College London
>Strand, London WC2R 2LS
>T: +44 20 7848 2596
>F: +44 20 7848 2664
>E: Mona.Ghassemian@kcl.ac.uk
>-----------------------------------------------------------

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Can anyone point out how aodv handles partitions and
router failures. any tutorials?

b

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From: "John Mullen" <jomullen@nmsu.edu>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] MAC layer
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2003 11:51:13 -0700
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Hi,

I think the answer is simpler than that.  For CDMA to work, someone has
to decide which channel each user should use.  This is managed by the
base station in a cellular system, but in a MANET, could be a big
headache.  An exception to this could be MANETs associated with specific
organizations, such as the military, police, EMT, etc., in which channel
assignments could be made and managed via some network plan.  In
general, however, it would just be too unwieldy to manage.

John Mullen

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Manfredi, Albert E
Sent: Monday, November 24, 2003 7:48 AM
To: Ioannis C. Avramopoulos; manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] MAC layer


Hi Guys,

I think Yannis is asking something different.

CDMA, exactly as implemented in 2G and 3G cellular networks, is of
course not used in IEEE 802.11. For one thing, IEEE 802.11 is not a
circuit-based technique. But the fundamentals of the scheme, i.e. use of
direct sequence spread spectrum, are indeed used in IEEE 802.11b.

I think what Yannis was asking is why aren't individual 802.11 LANs
differentiated by the spreading sequence used in creating chips out of
bits, as done in CDMA cellular phones. Instead of differentiating purely
on the basis of the carrier frequency.

You don't use perfectly orthogonal codes in CDMA, as that would require
synchronized transmissions, impossible to achieve when mobile hosts move
about. But that doesn't stop 2G and 3G from working. What happens is, as
more and more users share the same frequncy band, the noise level for
each user increases, until the noise overwhelms the channel. So you have
a soft ceiling on number of users that can share a frequncy band, unlike
TDMA where the limit is hard.

I don't know why 802.11 doesn't use differnt spreading sequences as well
as different frequency bands to differentiate LANs. One reason might be
to simplify the design. Another might be that allowing multiple
spreading sequences in the same frequency band will increase the noise
level and reduce performance in umpredictable ways.

Bert


> -----Original Message-----
> From: #LI ZHIFEI# [mailto:zhifeili@pmail.ntu.edu.sg]
> Sent: Monday, November 24, 2003 12:13 AM
> To: Ioannis C. Avramopoulos; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] MAC layer
> 
> 
> Hi,
> 
> I think your question is: why CDMA is not used in ad hoc
> networks? I also try to figure out the reasons.
> I have the following reasons: 
> (1) since ad hoc network is fully distributed, how to make 
> the code orthogonal, and how to make the sender be aware of 
> the code it should use before transmitting?
> (2) again, due to the distributed nature, how to do the power 
> control to cope with the inteference which is ensential for 
> cdma system?
> 
> However, the above difficulties do not mean that we should
> not try to apply CDMA into ad hoc networks. In fact, there is 
> a paper talking about CDMA in ad hoc networks 
> in mobihoc 2003. The author is also on this list, and maybe 
> he can give us his understanding.
> 
> Also, it seems that in the literature about packet radio
> networks ( ad hoc networks developed for military use during 
> 1970s), they normally use CDMA for security reason (i.e., 
> jamming as you have mentioned). However, now there are very 
> few papers talking about CDMA in ad hoc networks. Reasearch 
> is really a little bit strange :).
> 
> 
> Best regards
> Li zhifei
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org]On
> Behalf Of Ioannis C. Avramopoulos
> Sent: dissabte, 22 / novembre / 2003 12:33
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: [manet] MAC layer
> 
> Dear fellows,
> 
> I have a question on the MAC layer used in ad hoc networks.
> 
> In 802.11 nodes share the medium, i.e. they use the same frequency 
> hopping pattern or chip sequence. Had nodes used orthogonal hopping 
> patterns, spectrum utilization would significantly increase and, 
> furthermore, the impact of malicious nodes with respect to jamming 
> would be severely mitigated.
> 
> I am interested in the reasons that schemes of the latter type are not

> considered in the ad hoc community. I would appreciate it if you could

> point me to any papers discussing such issues.
> 
> Kind regards,
> Yannis
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> 
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
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> 

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Subject: RE: [manet] AODV Question
From: Erik =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Nordstr=F6m?= <erik.nordstrom@it.uu.se>
To: DANIEL BYRNE <daniel.byrne@adtran.com>
Cc: manet@ulfius.com, manet@ietf.org
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On Fri, 2003-11-14 at 16:13, DANIEL BYRNE wrote:
> I forgot about the IPv4 TTL.  Good point.  Sounds like the limitations in AODV goes beyond what can be fixed within the protocol itself.
> 
> However, to the point that "who would want to connect to a station 255 hops away?"  well I would, but maybe not with AODV.
> 

I guess the point is not whether you would like to or not, but rather if
it is feasible with 255+ hops. And we did talk about AODV...

In the Internet I guess that an average hop count would be 20-30 hops
(with max around 60, correct me if I am wrong). So why would one assume
that 255+ hops would be within reach in networks that do not have
bandwidth and scaling capabilities that are even close that of the
Internet?

Erik



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Message-ID: <00ae01c3bf40$6af29200$1f175d80@inria.fr>
From: "Philippe Jacquet" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
To: "Louise Lamont" <louise.lamont@crc.ca>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>
References: <3FD5D727.87CFCA6B@crc.ca>
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2003 18:09:47 +0100
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Hello, Louise,

You are also enlisted too. I am currently collecting infos for fixing the
best time. We can envision sometime between end of spring and beginning of
summer 2004.

We should have two interop sessions: one on IPv4 and another one on IPv6.

Best regards,
Philippe
----- Original Message -----
From: Louise Lamont <louise.lamont@crc.ca>
To: <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>; <andreto@ifi.uio.no>;
<macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>; <ying.ge@crc.ca>; <maoyu.wang@crc.ca>;
<thomas.kunz@crc.ca>
Sent: Tuesday, December 09, 2003 3:07 PM
Subject: OLSR interop


> Hi,
>
> At CRC we are also implementing a version of OLSR IPv6 draft
> 11compliant.  Last year, we  ported the INRIA/NRL OLSR (version 3) code
> to IPv6 and added HNA capabilities. We continued upgading the code to
> support the new message types and MID support. The code should be ready
> in a couple of months for testing.  We would also be interested in
> performing interopability tests.
>
> Regards, Louise
> --
>
> ---------------------------------------------------------------
>    Louise Lamont
>    Project Leader: Mobile Networking
>    3701 Carling avenue
>    P.O. box 11490
>    Station H, Ottawa,        Tel: (613) 991-9635
>    Ontario, Canada           Fax: (613) 998-9648
>    K2H-8S2                   Internet: louise.lamont@crc.ca
>
>    Centre de Recherches sur les Communications, Industrie Canada
> ------------------------------------------------------------
>
>


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Subject: RE: [manet] Simulating 802.11b and g
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2003 10:54:10 +0100
Message-ID: <C0DFF6586F0B8345B30031F2DC2B9D2A0721C8@london.unik.no>
Thread-Topic: [manet] Simulating 802.11b and g
thread-index: AcOtu2xOu/bT6oxEQxuyARTjNBUdtgABXIyQASJYYAAAEVBTEAAgXQhgAAkr4LA=
From: "Frank Li" <frank.li@unik.no>
To: "#LI ZHIFEI#" <zhifeili@pmail.ntu.edu.sg>
Cc: "Mineo Takai" <mineo@cs.ucla.edu>, <manet@ietf.org>
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Hi Zhifei,

>However, for the standard itself, the condition PMD_CS < PMD_ED should =
be true, at least=20
>for IEEE 802.11a where the PMD_ED is 20 DB greater than PMD_CS.

Are you sure that PMD_ED is 20 dB greater than PMD_CS? Is the difference =
between PMD_CS and  PMD_ED the same for all datarates? In the paper =
posted to the same discussion by Mineo Takai last week, the two =
thresholds are set as CST =3D - 78 dBm and RXT =3D - 64 dBm for WaveLan =
card. But maybe they don't correspond to PMD_CS and PMD_ED? Any further =
comments here, Mineo?

 =20
>I think the receiver-sensitivity is used to calculate the transmission =
range, while the CCA >sensitivity (or CS threshold) is used to calculate =
the sensing range.

No, I think receiver-sensivity (or CS threshold in ns2) should be used =
to calculate the sensing range, another threshold (PMD_ED?) which  is =
greater than receiver-sensivity, should  be used to calculate the =
tansmission range.=20

List below are the sensing ranges for outdoor environment I calculated =
based on Agere Wireless LAN World PC Card (Extended) specification. Here =
Pt=3D15 dBm , receiver-sensitivity and transmission ranges are directly =
from the specification, and I used two-ray model=20
with Gt=3DGr=3D1, ht=3Dhr=3D1.5, L=3D1 to obtain the sensing ranges.=20

Datarate                11 Mbps          5.5 Mbps            2 Mbps      =
   1 Mbps

Transmission range      160 m              270 m              400 m      =
     550 m

Receiver sensitivity    -82 dBm           -87 dBm            -91 dBm     =
    -94 dBm

sensing range           399 m               532 m             670 m      =
     796 m


Any comments are welcome.=20

Frank=20

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From: Sota Yoshida <syoshida@net.ie.niigata-u.ac.jp>
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Subject: [manet] About difference between AODV and DSR
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Hi Manet.
I am new to GloMoSim.
I have a question about "difference between AODV and DSR"
My simulation scenario are as bellows.

Config.in:

SIMULATION-TIME     1200S

SEED                1

TERRAIN-DIMENSIONS  (1500, 300)

NUMBER-OF-NODES     50

NODE-PLACEMENT      RANDOM


MOBILITY RANDOM-WAYPOINT
MOBILITY-WP-PAUSE       0S
MOBILITY-WP-MIN-SPEED   0
MOBILITY-WP-MAX-SPEED   20

MOBILITY-POSITION-GRANULARITY 0.5

PROPAGATION-LIMIT      -111.0

PROPAGATION-PATHLOSS   TWO-RAY

NOISE-FIGURE    10.0

TEMPARATURE     290.0

RADIO-TYPE              RADIO-ACCNOISE

RADIO-FREQUENCY     2.4e9

RADIO-BANDWIDTH     11000000

RADIO-RX-TYPE           SNR-BOUNDED
RADIO-RX-SNR-THRESHOLD  10.0

RADIO-TX-POWER        7.87395

RADIO-ANTENNA-GAIN  0.0

RADIO-RX-SENSITIVITY -91.0

RADIO-RX-THRESHOLD -81.0

MAC-PROTOCOL        802.11

NETWORK-PROTOCOL    IP
NETWORK-OUTPUT-QUEUE-SIZE-PER-PRIORITY 100

#ROUTING-PROTOCOL    AODV

ROUTING-PROTOCOL    DSR
#ROUTING-PROTOCOL   OLSR
#ROUTING-PROTOCOL   TBRPF

APP-CONFIG-FILE   ./app.conf

APPLICATION-STATISTICS          YES
TCP-STATISTICS			YES
UDP-STATISTICS                  YES
ROUTING-STATISTICS              YES
NETWORK-LAYER-STATISTICS        YES
MAC-LAYER-STATISTICS            YES
RADIO-LAYER-STATISTICS          YES 
CHANNEL-LAYER-STATISTICS        YES 
MOBILITY-STATISTICS             YES 


GUI-OPTION   NO
GUI-RADIO    NO
GUI-ROUTING  NO


app.conf:

CBR 28 25  0 80 0.020000S 3.071873S 25.036951S 
CBR 28 17  0 80 0.020000S 41.824254S 226.618457S 
CBR 28 27  0 80 0.020000S 270.816335S 451.788076S 
CBR 28 23  0 80 0.020000S 455.033018S 835.924075S 
CBR 28 12  0 80 0.020000S 857.034140S 1000.000000S 


When I run this simulation with DSR ,paket delivery fraction = about 60%.
On the other hand, with AODV,paket delivery fraction = about 99%.
Why this two results are much different !?

How about in NS?
Similar result?

Maybe my understanding is not enough.
Please tell me !

regards  
syoshida.

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The New Mobile Technologies Forum will be taking place in 5 weeks from =
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France.=20
The Forum includes the IP Based Cellular Networks'03 Conference, the =
Deploying IPv6 Networks'03 Conference and the Ultra Wide Band Summit'03. =
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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial><FONT size=3D2><FONT face=3DArial>The =
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Sofitel Paris Bercy - France</FONT><FONT face=3DArial>.=20
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From: "Scott Summers" <blue_pion@hotmail.com>
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Subject: [manet] 802.11 MAC
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Hi all,

I got a couple of questions regarding the 802.11 mac protocol.

1. Is there a cap on the maximum number of retransmissions. if yes, how many 
attempts?

2. if say suppose, the current transmission fails due to some reasons such 
as unreceived ack reply etc, and has to start a new transmission attempt, 
does the node starts a transmission immediately or it goes into the backoff 
phase?

    Scotts

"Find a job you love and you'll never have to work a day in your life - 
Stefan Sagmeister"

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Subject: [manet] WiMAX Summit
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C'est un message de format MIME en plusieurs parties.

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Are WiMAX and WiFi complementary (local vs. metropolitan area =
networking)?=20
When and how will WiMAX evolve towards mobility?=20
Can WiMAX be considered as a migration path to 4G?=20
How is addressed the interoperability challenge?=20

These questions, among others, will be addressed during the WiMAX =
Summit, to be held in Paris on May 25 to 28, 2004.=20

A call for papers has been launched on-line at:
http://www.upperside.fr/wimax04/wimax04intro.htm

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</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2>Are WiMAX and WiFi complementary (local vs. =
metropolitan=20
area&nbsp;networking)? <BR>When and how will WiMAX evolve towards =
mobility?=20
<BR>Can WiMAX be considered as a migration path to 4G? <BR>How is =
addressed the=20
interoperability challenge? <BR><BR>These questions, among others, will =
be=20
addressed during the <FONT class=3Dtextebold color=3D#2d795f>WiMAX =
Summit</FONT>, to=20
be held in <SPAN class=3Dunderline>Paris on May 25 to 28, </SPAN>2004. =
<BR><BR>A=20
call for papers has been launched on-line at:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D2><A=20
href=3D"http://www.upperside.fr/wimax04/wimax04intro.htm">http://www.uppe=
rside.fr/wimax04/wimax04intro.htm</A></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From: "Andreas Yankopolus" <ayank@scires.com>
To: "<"<manet@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [manet] Glomosim question
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Justin,

I've done something similar in QualNet, which is the commercial version of =
GloMoSim. You'll need to write an application within GloMoSim that reads =
the timestamped data and transmits it when the simulation time matches the =
data's timestamp. One way to accomplish this is to set timers containing =
the data to transmit during simulation initialization. You'll obviously =
want to set each timer on the node that will transmit that particular =
packet.

Suppose your trace has two packets: a 500-byte packet from A to C at 10s =
and a 1000-byte packet from B to C at 15s. During initialization, you'd =
set a timer on A for 10s containing the 500-byte packet and C's address =
and a timer on B containing the 1000-byte packet and C's address. The =
timers would be received by the new application you've written, and the =
data associated with each timer used to generate the actual packet for =
transmission.

Cheers,

Andreas

>>> "Justin" <jt981532@ncat.edu> 11/25/03 12:09PM >>>
Hello, I am researching in the area of wireless sensor networks.  I have
an ad hoc hardware Development Kit that I can use to gather data from
various sensors.  Inside of Glomosim, is there a way that I can inject
this real raw data that has been collected from a network into the
simulator?  Then analyze how system (e.g. Execution time using various
routing and Mac layer techniques).  Or is there no way to simulate this
using Glomosim?  Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

=20

Have a good day,

=20

Justin

=20



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar 30 18:49:42 2004
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From: "haas@ece.cornell.edu" <haas@ece.cornell.edu>
To: jian wu <jianwu53@hotmail.com>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] cross layer design
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Hi Jian,

You may want to take a look at:

	J. Li, Z.J. Haas, M. Sheng, and Y. Chen ``Performance Evaluation
	of Modified IEEE 802.11 MAC for Multi-channel Multi-hop ad hoc 
	networks,'' Journal of Interconnection Networks, vol.4,
        no.3, 2003, pp.45-359 

downloadable from:
	 http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu/wnlprojects.html

Zygmunt.
==-=-====
~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-
Prof. Zygmunt J. Haas                    http://people.ece.cornell.edu/haas 
Wireless Networks Laboratory		 http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu
School of Electrical Engineering         
Cornell University			 tel: +1-607-255-3454
323 Frank Rhodes Hall			 fax: +1-607-255-9072
Ithaca, NY 14853			 e-mail: haas@ece.cornell.edu
U.S.A                             
	WNL web page: http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu
~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-



On Wed, 10 Dec 2003, jian wu wrote:

> Dear all
> 
> I wonder if there is any paper/work  on using network (routing) layer to 
> improve 802.11 MAC layer performance. Any suggestions would be appreciated.
> 
> Jian
> 
> _________________________________________________________________
> Hotmail messages direct to your mobile phone http://www.msn.co.uk/msnmobile
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar 30 18:50:20 2004
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From: "Corbett; Derek James" <dcorbett@it.usyd.edu.au>
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Subject: [manet] Geography Based Routing in MANETs
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I am interested to know the MANET working group's position is on Geography
based routing protocols such as:
LAR - www.eecg.toronto.edu/~bli/papers/globecom01.pdf 
and 
GRID - citeseer.nj.nec.com/liao01grid.html
and their use in MANETs.

"Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present
controls the past. But who controls the spice controls the Universe!"
---------------
Derek J Corbett
PhD Student 
Smart Internet Technology Research Group
The University of Sydney
http://www.cs.usyd.edu.au/~dcorbett





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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar 30 18:51:43 2004
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Subject: [manet] Help me !
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Hi , 
I am doing the simulation with NS2 , the integration
of MobileIPv4 and AODV.
 Anyone has any informations about this , please help
me !
I really appreciate your help!

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Subject: [manet] scalability to size
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--0-966080314-1069149557=:11508
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Hi every body,
=20
I'm preparing a master about "proposing a routing protocol scalable to ne=
twork size and supporting a QoS" since 4 months ago, but when I find a no=
vel idea to propose, there are a lot of proposals about the same idea. So=
, please help, to find a novel idea before a deadline.
I would to notice that I'm interesting to stochastic models (to permit sc=
alability to mobility) and thier application with clustering methods (sca=
lability to size).
=20
Thanks in advance.



---------------------------------
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<DIV>Hi every body,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I'm preparing a&nbsp;master about "proposing a routing protocol scal=
able to network size and supporting a QoS" since&nbsp;4 months ago, but w=
hen I find a novel idea to propose, there are a lot of proposals about th=
e same idea. So, please help, to find a novel idea before a deadline.</DI=
V>
<DIV>I would to notice that I'm interesting to stochastic models (to perm=
it scalability to mobility)&nbsp;and thier application with clustering me=
thods (scalability to size).</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks in advance.</DIV><p><br><hr size=3D1>Do You Yahoo!? -- Une ad=
resse @yahoo.fr gratuite et en fran=E7ais !<br>
<a href=3Dhttp://fr.mail.yahoo.com>Testez le nouveau Yahoo! Mail</a>
--0-966080314-1069149557=:11508--

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Subject: [manet] [Tccc]
 Immediate postdoctoral position in Wireless Mobile Networking and
 Embedded Systems
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Please accept our apologies in case you receive this information from
multiple sources.=20
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
POSTDOCTORAL POSITION AVAILABLE IN WIRELESS MOBILE NETWORKING AND EMBEDDE=
D
SYSTEM
Universit=E9 des Sciences et Technologies de Lille
Lille, France

A postdoctoral position at the Fundamental Computer Science Labs (LIFL),
Univ. Lille 1, France, is open to immediately hire a qualified individual.
The interested research areas are wireless mobile ad hoc networks and
embedded system. The appointment is for one year (possibly renewable).

For more information about research program, see:
http://www.lifl.fr/RD2P

Interested applicants should send a detailed resume including a list of
publications, research statement with three references to:
David.Simplot@lifl.fr, FAX: +33 3 20 43 65 66 (attn: David SIMPLOT-RYL), =
or
address given below

Please feel free to distribute the information about this postdoctoral
position to all colleagues who might be interested in.

--
David SIMPLOT-RYL, PhD
IRCICA/LIFL, Univ. Lille 1, CNRS UMR 8022
INRIA Futurs, POPS research group
B=E2t. M3, Cit=E9 Scientifique
59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, FRANCE
http://www.lifl.fr/RD2P - http://www-futurs.inria.fr



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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Mar 30 19:29:35 2004
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From: "John Mullen" <jomullen@nmsu.edu>
To: "'Philippe Jacquet'" <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
Cc: "'MANET'" <manet@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2003 12:56:22 -0700
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Hi Philippe,

The (two-dimensional) Poisson assumes that, for a very small area within
a region, the probability of a node being in an area is proportional to
the area plus something that becomes insignificant as the area become
extremely small.  If you use the Poisson on a bounded region, the number
of nodes within that region will be a random variable.  If you apply a
Poisson distribution to a region when the number of nodes within the
region is known in advance, the result is a uniform distribution.

If the number of nodes is fixed, then eventually, the node density will
drop to zero on the infinite plane.  The Poisson keeps the local density
constant, so any piece of the plain will appear to be distributed
uniformly, but the expected number of nodes on the plane will be
infinite, since the expected value of the Poisson is the expected node
density times the node area.

So, I'm not quite sure what you are saying.  Are you saying the number
of nodes in the finite region is a random variable (Poisson) or that the
number of nodes is fixed, but the positions are random (Uniform)?  

John Mullen  


-----Original Message-----
From: manet-admin@ietf.org [mailto:manet-admin@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Philippe Jacquet
Sent: Tuesday, November 25, 2003 12:13 PM
To: Richard Ogier
Cc: MANET
Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility


There is likely a proof for the invariance of the Poisson distribution
under the billard model.

There is a general result that tells that on an infinite plane, an
initial Poisson distribution of nodes remains Poisson at any time given
simple conditions on node motions, i.e. move are indendent of nodes and
position.

I think it is easily extendable to the billard model, one just have to
clone the square and cover the whole the plane by mirror effect, so that
bouncing is just equivalent to going straight through the border between
two mirror images. And then we distribute nodes indifferently in the
original square and in its mirror images as if it was a Poisson
distribution on the whole plane. After letting the node moving, we apply
the general result.

Notice that the result remains valid even when the motions are
complicated (pause times, distance travelled, changes of direction,
curves, etc), given they are independent of nodes and locations. Random
change of direction at the border may not satisfy this rule.

Philippe
----- Original Message -----
From: Richard Ogier <ogier@erg.sri.com>
To: Philippe Jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
Cc: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, November 25, 2003 6:02 PM
Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility


> Philippe,
>
> Thanks for computing the formula for the probability density of node 
> position for random waypoint. I also started to compute the formula 
> for 2 dimensions,
> but quit when I saw how complicated it is. In actual simulations, to
> start out
> with the steady state density, it might be easiest to just generate
two
> random
> points in the square and then choose a random point uniformly
> distributed on the
> line connecting the two points.
>
> Someone asked me about a proof that the random-walk billiards model
results
> in uniformly distributed node positions.  (This is the model in which 
> a
node
> moves in a random direction for T seconds, bouncing off boundaries 
> like a billiards ball, and choosing a new random direction after T
seconds.)
> I think this is fairly intuitive, by considering what happens if the 
> node instead goes straight through the boundary into an equivalent 
> region adjacent to
> the original region.  But is this result well known?   Can anyone
point
> to a reference for this?
>
> Richard
>
>
>
> Philippe Jacquet wrote:
>
> >Richard,
> >
> >My mistake, you are right. I was considering the case where the node
reaches
> >its way point in a constant time. With a constant speed, zero pause 
> >time, the density is your result: C (1-x)*x in dimension one. To be 
> >forgiven I tried to compute the formula for the density in two 
> >dimensions. Not
really
> >fun. For x>y and (1-x)>y it should be proportional to j(x,y)+j(1-x,y)
with a
> >normalizing factor, with 
> >j(x,y)=(1-x)*y*(2+log(x/y)-log((1-x)/(1-y))).
> >
> >For the other cases for (x,y) one makes use of symmetries and 
> >finally:
> >density(x,y)=C*(j(max(x,y),min(x,y))+j(max(1-x,y),min(1-x,y)))
> >
> >I made the integration over all angle of the product of the two 
> >distances
of
> >the point (x,y) to the border of the square within a given angle. I 
> >used Maple. It needs to be cross checked. .
> >
> >The plot looks like a very eroded pyramid: null density on the border

> >and top on the square center. The result should be the same when the 
> >speed is randomly selected on finite distribution.
> >
> >Best regards,
> >Philipe
> >
> >----- Original Message -----
> >From: Richard Ogier <ogier@erg.sri.com>
> >To: Philippe Jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
> >Cc: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
> >Sent: Friday, November 21, 2003 5:37 PM
> >Subject: Re: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
> >
> >
> >>Philippe Jacquet wrote:
> >>
> >>>Yes, Peter, the distribution changes if you introduce mobility and 
> >>>it depends on the mobility model. Take the random way point model 
> >>>where
each
> >>>node has a distinct a random destination point selected uniformly 
> >>>in a square, and each node moves to this destination at constant 
> >>>speed. In
> >>>
> >this
> >
> >>>case, the stationary density at point (x,y) (assuming a 1x1 square)

> >>>is *( x* log x+(1-x)*log(1-x))*(y*log y +(1-y)*log(1-y)) which 
> >>>differs
from
> >>>uniform density (which is equal to 1 at any point in the 1x1 
> >>>square).
> >>>
> >>>Philippe
> >>>
> >>Philippe,
> >>
> >>Your result implies that you can consider the x and y directions 
> >>independently. I don't think this is the case, because the speed in 
> >>the x direction depends on the (x,y) direction of movement. I did 
> >>some calculations, and I think your result assumes that the time to 
> >>go from one random point to the next random point is constant (thus,

> >>if the distance between the 2 points is greater, the speed must be 
> >>greater).
> >>
> >>Just for fun I tried to derive the steady state distribution in one 
> >>dimension for a unit interval [0,1] and got the following result 
> >>(assuming constant speed and zero pause time):
> >>
> >>   C * x*(1-x)   (C is a normalization constant)
> >>
> >>The x*(1-x) term is simply the probability that the point x lies 
> >>between two random numbers uniformly distributed in [0,1]. I ran a 
> >>simulation on the unit interval [0,1] which confirms this
result.
> >>In particular, the probability that the node is near x = 0.25 is 
> >>0.75 times the probability that the node is near x = 0.50.
> >>
> >>Unfortunately, this result cannot be extended to 2 dimensions by 
> >>taking the product of this term for the x and y directions, because 
> >>the x and y components of the node speed are not independent.
> >>
> >>Richard
> >>
> >>>----- Original Message -----
> >>>From: Peter Pham <ppham@spri.levels.unisa.edu.au>
> >>>To: MANET <manet@ietf.org>
> >>>Sent: Thursday, November 20, 2003 2:03 AM
> >>>Subject: [manet] Question regarding Mobility
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>>Hi all
> >>>>I am interested in modelling ad hoc networks. In the stationary
scenario
> >>>>(nodes do not move), I can assume that the mobile nodes are
distributed
> >>>>randomly according to Poisson distribution (many assumed so). 
> >>>>However, is this assumption still valid under the mobility ? Can 
> >>>>anyone give me some advice ?
> >>>>
> >>>>Peter Pham
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>_______________________________________________
> >>>>manet mailing list
> >>>>manet@ietf.org https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>>
> >>>
> >>>_______________________________________________
> >>>manet mailing list
> >>>manet@ietf.org
> >>>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >>>
> >>
> >
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> >
>
>


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Date: Tue, 30 Mar 2004 20:57:14 -0500 (EST)
From: "haas@ece.cornell.edu" <haas@ece.cornell.edu>
To: mohannraj krishnamurthy <mohannrajk@rediffmail.com>
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] hello sir
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Hi Mohannraj,

You can find some of our work in the area of MANET security at:

	http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu/wnlprojects.html#Publications2

Best,

Zygmunt.
==-=-=====
~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-
Prof. Zygmunt J. Haas              http://people.ece.cornell.edu/haas 
Wireless Networks Laboratory	   http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu
School of Electrical Engineering         
Cornell University		   tel: +1-607-255-3454
323 Frank Rhodes Hall              fax: +1-607-255-9072
Ithaca, NY 14853		   e-mail: haas(at)ece(dot)cornell(dot)edu
U.S.A                             
	WNL web page: http://wnl.ece.cornell.edu
~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-~-

On 30 Mar 2004, mohannraj  krishnamurthy wrote:

> hello sir,

 i am currently working in Security aspects of manet..

i would like to get information regarding the various routing algorithms available and different security schemes used in manet..

if possible please send me informations of the resources available regarding this..

i am a new user of glomosim and so if possible please give me tips on glomosim usage and if possible the useful resources..

thanks,
bye.

mohanraj


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Subject: RE: [manet] Manet charter item
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From: "Henderson, Thomas R" <thomas.r.henderson@boeing.com>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Charles E.Perkins [mailto:charliep@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Thursday, March 25, 2004 1:42 PM
> To: Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group
> Subject: [manet] Manet charter item
>=20
>=20
> I had always
> thought that the point of the OSPF work would
> be to enable OSPF routers to adjoin ad hoc
> networks to infrastructure networks, and
> Fred has made some presentations explaining
> various thinking along these lines.
>=20

Rather than adjoining, our interest in OSPF has been to=20
make it capable of more efficient operation as an ad
hoc protocol itself, so as to avoid running different
protocols in the two regions and redistributing between them. =20
As a first step, we explored whether we could modify OLSR so=20
that it could be implemented as a new interface type for the=20
OSPF protocol:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-spagnolo-manet-ospf-wireless-in=
terface-00.txt

Tom

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Subject: RE: [manet] Comments on "Problem Statement for OSPF Extensions ..." draft
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From: "Henderson, Thomas R" <thomas.r.henderson@boeing.com>
To: "Charles E.Perkins" <charliep@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group" <manet@ietf.org>
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Charlie,
thanks for your comments (responses inline)

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Charles E.Perkins [mailto:charliep@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: Thursday, March 25, 2004 1:28 PM
> To: Mobile Ad Hoc IETF working group
> Subject: [manet] Comments on "Problem Statement for OSPF=20
> Extensions ..."
> draft
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Hello folks,
>=20
> During the recent meeting, the abovementioned draft
> was discussed.   The draft has been submitted for a
> long time, but after finally reading the draft, and
> motivated by the recent WG discussion, I have a few
> comments.
>=20
> - In section 2.1, it is stated that mobility makes
>   the use of directional antennas into a pointless
>   exercise.  There are numerous studies that conclude
>   otherwise.  It seems likely that, given sufficient
>   justification, a workable system can be built.
>   Whether or not the additional cost is justified
>   compared to other expenses is debatable.  Overall,
>   however, I would say that "pointless" is far too
>   strong an adjective in this sentence.

agreed-- maybe "difficult" instead

>=20
> - In section 2.3, the acronym "VC" is left undefined.

virtual circuit

>=20
> - In section 2.5, the misconception is promulgated
>   that receiving takes less power than transmitting.
>   While it is typically true per message, the fact is
>   that receiving is often more power-consuming
>   when the receiver has to be always powered up.
>   In contrast, typically the transmitter can be
>   powered down during most of the timm.

agreed, although the point that power management is a=20
concern is still applicable (but this should be reworded)

>=20
> - In section 2.7, if a node's ability to support new
>   neighbors is exhausted, then one can truly say that
>   the number of neighbors is numerically limited,
>   so that the nodal degree is limited.  Said another
>   way, geographic proximity may not result in network
>   adjacency.

agreed (I don't think you are arguing the text?).
Fred Baker's "outsider's view of MANET" draft explored
the possibility of limiting the nodal degree.

>=20
> - In section 2.8, replace "should not thrash" by
>   "should avoid thrashing"
>=20
> - In section 2.9, last paragraph: the suggested
>   strategy requires too much binding between a node's
>   IPv4 addressability and its IPv6 addressability.
>   This issue may not need solution in this document
>   anyway.  In fact, I question the need for binding
>   even separate network interfaces to the same nodal
>   identifier, but again that is a separate issue.

This section alludes to a draft in the OSPF WG suggesting
that multiple addressing families could be supported by
a single protocol (OSPFv3).  The point is that, if we
are doing ad hoc routing at layer 3, we should concern
ourselves with handling both v4 and v6 efficiently.

>=20
> - Section 2.10 gets to the heart of a crucial
>   problem.  I would suggest that it be taken as
>   a requirement to outfit the OSPF implementations
>   so that unreliable flooding is acceptable,
>   otherwise I just don't believe the solution
>   will be scalable.
>=20

I agree with you that this is a crucial problem, and the
way that this is solved is going to affect the=20
scalability. =20

Our studies have indicated that flooding is by far the=20
dominant contributor to overhead.  We have looked at
a number of the proposals for reliable but optimized
flooding, and found that they can improve the situation,
but a reduction in overhead by half seems to be a rough
bound on the achievable improvement.  However, in some
highly mobile environments, unreliable flooding does
significantly better (order of magnitude) than reliable
flooding. =20

We'll put out a draft on this topic shortly, but suffice
it to say that reliable flooding doesn't seem capable of
approaching the overhead reduction offered by unreliable
flooding, as mobility increases. =20

But whether or not a reliable flooding protocol can be=20
scalable or not scalable is debatable.  "Doesn't scale"
is frequently a dismissive term that is not qualified
enough.  The working group may decide that, in the case
of OSPF, it is willing to trade some scalability to=20
retain reliable (but optimized) flooding.  The design=20
decision that I believe is the true non-starter is to=20
decide a priori that OSPF flooding should not be optimized,
period. =20

Tom

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In LUNAR what happens when the xrp layer receives a frame from tcp/ip stack
and it is a data frame with a specific dest. MAC address but we've already
purged the table entry for that MAC address?  Is an automatic XRP RREQ sent
to determine what the MAC address is for the given IP address?  Or, is some
sort of message sent back up the TCP/IP stack telling it that this MAC is
invalid so it knows to create an ARP request to get the MAC address for the
destination?  To me, it seems like we would do that second of the two
choices.  This keeps the upper layers doing what they are suppose to do and
keeps us from having to be too smart, ya know.  So with that said, does
anyone know what the special message is that we send back to the TCP/IP
stack telling it a MAC doesn't exist, or the packet be trashed and let the
TCP/IP logic timeout and create an ARP request on its own?

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From: Christian Tschudin <Christian.Tschudin@unibas.ch>
To: DANIEL BYRNE <daniel.byrne@adtran.com>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Lunar question
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Daniel, we are in the process of setting up a LUNAR distribution
list where such question will best be handled. I will soon annouce
it and will also come back to your previous questions there.

Regarding your question below:

The answer depends on how closely your LUNAR implementation can
touch the IP stack:

- When a MAC-to-LUNARpath entry expires, you should also invalidate
  the IP stack's ARP cache (simple remove the ARP entry, so a next
  data packet will trigger a new ARP request).

- in case the LUNAR implementation can only use ARP replies to
  talk to the IP stack, you are out of luck: There is no ARP
  message for "undoing" an IP-to-MAC mapping, for obvious security
  reasons.

  The best thing then is to set the ARP timer of the IP stack to low
  values, 3 to 6 seconds instead of the usual 60 seconds.

  Note that although the IP stack now emits frequent ARP requests,
  this is no extra burden for the ether because the LUNAR implementation
  traps all ARP messages and can return IP-to-MAC mappings based on
  its table.

christian.

---
Christian Tschudin, University of Basel       http://cn.cs.unibas.ch/
Computer Science Dept, Bernoullistr. 16, CH - 4056 Basel, Switzerland

On Wed, 31 Mar 2004, DANIEL BYRNE wrote:

> In LUNAR what happens when the xrp layer receives a frame from tcp/ip stack
> and it is a data frame with a specific dest. MAC address but we've already
> purged the table entry for that MAC address?  Is an automatic XRP RREQ sent
> to determine what the MAC address is for the given IP address?  Or, is some
> sort of message sent back up the TCP/IP stack telling it that this MAC is
> invalid so it knows to create an ARP request to get the MAC address for the
> destination?  To me, it seems like we would do that second of the two
> choices.  This keeps the upper layers doing what they are suppose to do and
> keeps us from having to be too smart, ya know.  So with that said, does
> anyone know what the special message is that we send back to the TCP/IP
> stack telling it a MAC doesn't exist, or the packet be trashed and let the
> TCP/IP logic timeout and create an ARP request on its own?

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