
From jpmacker@gmail.com  Fri Nov  6 11:44:19 2009
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From: Joseph Macker <jpmacker@gmail.com>
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I posted a draft agenda last night and will upload presentation
materials as I receive them.
Please provide any feedback or recommendations you might have.

-Joe

From ian.chakeres@gmail.com  Fri Nov  6 12:24:33 2009
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From: Ian Chakeres <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Nov 2009 15:24:33 -0500
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Subject: Re: [manet] Draft meeting agenda posted
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The draft agenda can be found at
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/09nov/agenda/manet.txt.
Ian Chakeres

On Fri, Nov 6, 2009 at 2:44 PM, Joseph Macker <jpmacker@gmail.com> wrote:
> I posted a draft agenda last night and will upload presentation
> materials as I receive them.
> Please provide any feedback or recommendations you might have.
>
> -Joe
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>

From jpmacker@gmail.com  Sat Nov  7 09:50:43 2009
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From: Joseph Macker <jpmacker@gmail.com>
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Subject: [manet] Added Ulrich's security extension briefs to agenda
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I just added Ulrich's security extension briefs to agenda and
uploaded. For some reason the text version is delayed showing up from
the meeting materials to the proceedings link (there might be some
background cron job at work here,etc) but the pdf slides are correct
now and I'll check the text version later.

-Joe

From hrogge@googlemail.com  Sun Nov  8 00:32:27 2009
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From: Henning Rogge <hrogge@googlemail.com>
To: manet@ietf.org
Date: Sun, 8 Nov 2009 09:32:39 +0100
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Subject: [manet] Work on ETX-Draft
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Hello,

after being away from all OLSR work for a week I have started working on th=
e=20
text for an ETX-Draft which could be included into the OLSRv2 RFC later. It=
's=20
a simple 'exponential aging' based ETX implementation.

The text is in a pretty rough state at the moment, I will have to do a litt=
le=20
bit more work before we (Aaron, Emmanuel Baccelli and me) can publish a fir=
st=20
draft on the list.

Sorry that the draft zero is not ready for IETF.

Henning Rogge

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From teco@inf-net.nl  Sun Nov  8 17:33:18 2009
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From: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
To: <manet@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 9 Nov 2009 10:33:01 +0900
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Subject: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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In NHDP-11 14.4, it is suggested that a node should 
receive all sequential packet sequence numbers from
its neighbors.
I think this is an invalid assumption. A node could
send packets out of multiple interfaces. Sequence 
numbers are per packet, not (per packet, per interface).

Teco.



From teco@inf-net.nl  Sun Nov  8 18:07:01 2009
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Subject: [manet] NHDP: all addresses
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Hi Chris,

You wrote:
>Fundamentally, all that needs to change in NHDP is
>- A relaxation of address reuse, but with the important caveat above.
>- A relaxation of required address inclusion, with the condition
>  noted above.

Is this implemented in -11?
It still says "All network addresses in a router's Local Interface Set".
And:
  *  Network addresses that include all source addresses of any IP
     datagrams sent by the router on any MANET interface.

I mentioned anycast addresses. Better not to include these in a hello
protocol.
I also highly prefer optimization, where the MANET router *only* advertises
summary prefixes, if available. This is applicable when multiple interfaces 
are used, and doesn't harm the simple boxes using only one.

On:
  *  All other network addresses of the router which are to be made
     known to any other router for any reason.

When there is no need for NHDP, let us not mandate including them in
hello messages.
 
Teco.


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On Mon November 9 2009 02:33:01 Teco Boot wrote:
> In NHDP-11 14.4, it is suggested that a node should
> receive all sequential packet sequence numbers from
> its neighbors.
> I think this is an invalid assumption. A node could
> send packets out of multiple interfaces. Sequence
> numbers are per packet, not (per packet, per interface).
Packet sequence numbers should be interface specific I think. It doesn't ma=
ke=20
sense to make them node specific.

Unfortunately Teco is right, we specified them differently in packetbb:

   o  The <pkt-seq-num> field, if present, contains a sequence number
      that is incremented by 1 for each packet generated by a node.  The
      sequence number after 65535 is 0.  In other words, the sequence
      number "wraps" in the usual way.

Henning Rogge

=2D-
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
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On Mon November 9 2009 03:06:45 Teco Boot wrote:
> Hi Chris,
>=20
> You wrote:
> >Fundamentally, all that needs to change in NHDP is
> >- A relaxation of address reuse, but with the important caveat above.
> >- A relaxation of required address inclusion, with the condition
> >  noted above.
>=20
> Is this implemented in -11?
> It still says "All network addresses in a router's Local Interface Set".
> And:
>   *  Network addresses that include all source addresses of any IP
>      datagrams sent by the router on any MANET interface.
>=20
> I mentioned anycast addresses. Better not to include these in a hello
> protocol.
> I also highly prefer optimization, where the MANET router *only* advertis=
es
> summary prefixes, if available. This is applicable when multiple interfac=
es
> are used, and doesn't harm the simple boxes using only one.
>=20
> On:
>   *  All other network addresses of the router which are to be made
>      known to any other router for any reason.
>=20
> When there is no need for NHDP, let us not mandate including them in
> hello messages.
I think the idea behind this two points is that you can do two-hop routing=
=20
even if you have not received TCs from your 2-hop neighbors.

Henning Rogge
=2D-
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
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>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Henning Rogge [mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de]
>Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 16:47
>Aan: manet@ietf.org
>CC: Teco Boot; Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: all addresses
>
>On Mon November 9 2009 03:06:45 Teco Boot wrote:
>> Hi Chris,
>>
>> You wrote:
>> >Fundamentally, all that needs to change in NHDP is
>> >- A relaxation of address reuse, but with the important caveat =
above.
>> >- A relaxation of required address inclusion, with the condition
>> >  noted above.
>>
>> Is this implemented in -11?
>> It still says "All network addresses in a router's Local Interface
>Set".
>> And:
>>   *  Network addresses that include all source addresses of any IP
>>      datagrams sent by the router on any MANET interface.
>>
>> I mentioned anycast addresses. Better not to include these in a hello
>> protocol.
>> I also highly prefer optimization, where the MANET router *only*
>advertises
>> summary prefixes, if available. This is applicable when multiple
>interfaces
>> are used, and doesn't harm the simple boxes using only one.
>>
>> On:
>>   *  All other network addresses of the router which are to be made
>>      known to any other router for any reason.
>>
>> When there is no need for NHDP, let us not mandate including them in
>> hello messages.
>I think the idea behind this two points is that you can do two-hop
>routing
>even if you have not received TCs from your 2-hop neighbors.

I discussed this with Justin few minutes ago.
There might be an issue with reachability when the
node does not send a TC, but leave this to its MPRs.
These MPRs needs the prefixes.
I don't like this mixed up neighborhood discovery and routing,
but we have to look at it in more detail.

Teco.




>
>Henning Rogge
>--
>Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
>Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
>Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
>Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
>Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
>mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
>GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0


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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Mobile Ad-hoc Networks Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Definition of Managed Objects for the MANET Optimized Link State Routing Protocol version 2
	Author(s)       : U. Herberg, et al.
	Filename        : draft-ietf-manet-olsrv2-mib-01.txt
	Pages           : 67
	Date            : 2009-11-08

This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
for use with network management protocols in the Internet community.
In particular, it describes objects for configuring and managing
aspects of the Optimized Link State Routing protocol version 2.  The
Optimized Link State Routing MIB also reports state information,
performance metrics, and notifications.  In addition to
configuration, this additional state and performance information is
useful to management stations troubleshooting Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
routing problems.

Status of This Memo

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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
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> Is this implemented in -11?

Yes.

> It still says "All network addresses in a router's Local Interface
Set".

Yes. That's what the Local Interface Set is, all the addresses you need
to include. If you don't need to include it, don't put it in the Local
Interface Set.

Now then Section 6 (before Section 6.1) says

   It is not necessary to include all addresses of an interface in the
   Local Information Base, and hence in HELLO messages.  However any
   address that may be the source address of an IP datagram sent from
   that interface MUST be included (and at least one address MUST be
   included).  A protocol using this specification MAY add additional
   requirements to these, e.g. that any address that may be the
   destination address of an IP datagram is also included.

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Mon Nov  9 01:57:03 2009
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> Sequence numbers are per packet, not (per packet, per interface).

Packet sequence numbers are how you choose to use them.
Not even in the intended usage section of RFC 5444 does
it say either. If you want to use them in this way then,
like OLSRv1, they would need to be per interface, and it
would be a good idea to say that. But it's permissible.

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Mon Nov  9 02:00:11 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Henning Rogge" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>, <manet@ietf.org>
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Bother, I missed this one, both them and now.

That requires some thought. Thanks to Teco for pointing this out.
This was not the intent of course, I think this got put in in the
various editing to pass reviews and was badly specified.

--=20
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of H=
enning Rogge
Sent: 09 November 2009 06:28
To: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num

On Mon November 9 2009 02:33:01 Teco Boot wrote:
> In NHDP-11 14.4, it is suggested that a node should
> receive all sequential packet sequence numbers from
> its neighbors.
> I think this is an invalid assumption. A node could
> send packets out of multiple interfaces. Sequence
> numbers are per packet, not (per packet, per interface).
Packet sequence numbers should be interface specific I think. It doesn't ma=
ke=20
sense to make them node specific.

Unfortunately Teco is right, we specified them differently in packetbb:

   o  The <pkt-seq-num> field, if present, contains a sequence number
      that is incremented by 1 for each packet generated by a node.  The
      sequence number after 65535 is 0.  In other words, the sequence
      number "wraps" in the usual way.

Henning Rogge

--
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon Nov  9 02:17:32 2009
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I agree with Teco that issue is important, also for my performance
section in MIBs.

Ulrich

On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 7:00 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
> Bother, I missed this one, both them and now.
>
> That requires some thought. Thanks to Teco for pointing this out.
> This was not the intent of course, I think this got put in in the
> various editing to pass reviews and was badly specified.
>
> --
> Christopher Dearlove
> Technology Leader, Communications Group
> Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
> BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
> West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
> Tel: +44 1245 242194 =A0Fax: +44 1245 242124
>
> BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
> Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
> Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
> Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of=
 Henning Rogge
> Sent: 09 November 2009 06:28
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
> On Mon November 9 2009 02:33:01 Teco Boot wrote:
>> In NHDP-11 14.4, it is suggested that a node should
>> receive all sequential packet sequence numbers from
>> its neighbors.
>> I think this is an invalid assumption. A node could
>> send packets out of multiple interfaces. Sequence
>> numbers are per packet, not (per packet, per interface).
> Packet sequence numbers should be interface specific I think. It doesn't =
make
> sense to make them node specific.
>
> Unfortunately Teco is right, we specified them differently in packetbb:
>
> =A0 o =A0The <pkt-seq-num> field, if present, contains a sequence number
> =A0 =A0 =A0that is incremented by 1 for each packet generated by a node. =
=A0The
> =A0 =A0 =A0sequence number after 65535 is 0. =A0In other words, the seque=
nce
> =A0 =A0 =A0number "wraps" in the usual way.
>
> Henning Rogge
>
> --
> Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
> Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> Telefon +49 228 9435-263, =A0 Fax +49 228 9435 685
> mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0
>
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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Mon Nov  9 03:03:14 2009
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My, not fully worked out, thought is that per interface
packet sequence numbers should be allowed, or even
preferred. That leaves a procedural issue of how to get
from where we are to where we want to be.

--=20
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf =
Of Ulrich Herberg
Sent: 09 November 2009 10:18
To: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num


                    *** WARNING ***

  This message has originated outside your organisation,
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I agree with Teco that issue is important, also for my performance
section in MIBs.

Ulrich

On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 7:00 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
> Bother, I missed this one, both them and now.
>
> That requires some thought. Thanks to Teco for pointing this out.
> This was not the intent of course, I think this got put in in the
> various editing to pass reviews and was badly specified.
>
> --
> Christopher Dearlove
> Technology Leader, Communications Group
> Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
> BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
> West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
> Tel: +44 1245 242194 =A0Fax: +44 1245 242124
>
> BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
> Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
> Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
> Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf =
Of Henning Rogge
> Sent: 09 November 2009 06:28
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
> On Mon November 9 2009 02:33:01 Teco Boot wrote:
>> In NHDP-11 14.4, it is suggested that a node should
>> receive all sequential packet sequence numbers from
>> its neighbors.
>> I think this is an invalid assumption. A node could
>> send packets out of multiple interfaces. Sequence
>> numbers are per packet, not (per packet, per interface).
> Packet sequence numbers should be interface specific I think. It =
doesn't make
> sense to make them node specific.
>
> Unfortunately Teco is right, we specified them differently in =
packetbb:
>
> =A0 o =A0The <pkt-seq-num> field, if present, contains a sequence =
number
> =A0 =A0 =A0that is incremented by 1 for each packet generated by a =
node. =A0The
> =A0 =A0 =A0sequence number after 65535 is 0. =A0In other words, the =
sequence
> =A0 =A0 =A0number "wraps" in the usual way.
>
> Henning Rogge
>
> --
> Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
> Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> Telefon +49 228 9435-263, =A0 Fax +49 228 9435 685
> mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0
>
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From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon Nov  9 05:11:10 2009
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 8:03 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
> My, not fully worked out, thought is that per interface
> packet sequence numbers should be allowed, or even
> preferred. That leaves a procedural issue of how to get
> from where we are to where we want to be.

I agree that we should allow packet sequence numbers per interface. At
the moment, I cannot think about a good reason for not preferring
them, but maybe there is...


Ulrich

From teco@inf-net.nl  Mon Nov  9 06:31:39 2009
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To: "'Ulrich Herberg'" <ulrich@herberg.name>, "'Dearlove, Christopher \(UK\)'" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress 
repeating messages?
Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as 
indication of missed packets?
What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during 
congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?

Teco.

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>Ulrich Herberg
>Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 22:11
>Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 8:03 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
><Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>> My, not fully worked out, thought is that per interface
>> packet sequence numbers should be allowed, or even
>> preferred. That leaves a procedural issue of how to get
>> from where we are to where we want to be.
>
>I agree that we should allow packet sequence numbers per interface. At
>the moment, I cannot think about a good reason for not preferring
>them, but maybe there is...
>
>
>Ulrich
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Mon Nov  9 06:37:26 2009
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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On Mon November 9 2009 15:31:16 Teco Boot wrote:
> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
> repeating messages?
> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
> indication of missed packets?
> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?
Packet Sequence numbers have the same "range" as a linklocal IP, so I don't=
=20
see any problem with reliable transports. Such a transport would be built=20
"below" packetbb, so the mechanism should be transparent to packetbb.

Henning Rogge

=2D-
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From ietf@thomasclausen.org  Mon Nov  9 06:38:27 2009
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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Teco,

I think that "counting packets" is one tool that may be used, but by  
no means *the* tool to be used in all situations. If you're running  
over a lower layer with known delivery/drop properties and the ability  
to extract "other information" describing how good the link is  
(SNR, ...), then that "other information" would be a better choice for  
when setting quality.

Thomas


On Nov 9, 2009, at 11:31 PM, Teco Boot wrote:

> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
> repeating messages?
> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
> indication of missed packets?
> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?
>
> Teco.
>
>> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>> Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>> Ulrich Herberg
>> Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 22:11
>> Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>> CC: manet@ietf.org
>> Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>
>> On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 8:03 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>> <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>>> My, not fully worked out, thought is that per interface
>>> packet sequence numbers should be allowed, or even
>>> preferred. That leaves a procedural issue of how to get
>>> from where we are to where we want to be.
>>
>> I agree that we should allow packet sequence numbers per interface.  
>> At
>> the moment, I cannot think about a good reason for not preferring
>> them, but maybe there is...
>>
>>
>> Ulrich
>> _______________________________________________
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>> manet@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
> _______________________________________________
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From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon Nov  9 06:41:08 2009
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Date: Mon, 9 Nov 2009 23:41:29 +0900
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
To: Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl>
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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Teco,

On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:31 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
> repeating messages?

In that case, that mechanism of using packet seq. numbers would not
work. But I think this is okay, since the NHDP draft does not mandate
this mechanism. If one decides to use packet sequence numbers for
indicating lost packets, one probably has to assume a non-reliable
transport transport protocol such as UDP.

> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
> indication of missed packets?

No, we don't want to mandate it. It is just *one* possible way, under
certain assumptions (no reliable transport protocol).

> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?

Well, in that case the router will face problems anyway, since it does
not receive control traffic any more.

Ulrich

>
> Teco.
>
>>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>>Ulrich Herberg
>>Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 22:11
>>Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>>CC: manet@ietf.org
>>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>
>>On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 8:03 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>><Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>>> My, not fully worked out, thought is that per interface
>>> packet sequence numbers should be allowed, or even
>>> preferred. That leaves a procedural issue of how to get
>>> from where we are to where we want to be.
>>
>>I agree that we should allow packet sequence numbers per interface. At
>>the moment, I cannot think about a good reason for not preferring
>>them, but maybe there is...
>>
>>
>>Ulrich
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>

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On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:37 PM, Henning Rogge
<henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de> wrote:
> On Mon November 9 2009 15:31:16 Teco Boot wrote:
>> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
>> repeating messages?
>> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
>> indication of missed packets?
>> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
>> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?

> Packet Sequence numbers have the same "range" as a linklocal IP, so I don't
> see any problem with reliable transports. Such a transport would be built
> "below" packetbb, so the mechanism should be transparent to packetbb.

I don't see the relation to LL here. I think what Teco means is that
if NHDP runs on a reliable transport, a very bad link (that needs many
retransmissions of HELLOs) still would appear as perfect link to NDHP,
because no packetbb packet is lost. So, of course the transport
protocol is transparent to NHDP, but using packet seq. no. as measure
of number of lost packets would not make sense any more.

Ulrich

From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Mon Nov  9 06:47:19 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>
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> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress 
> repeating messages?

There are many ways in which this is not relevant
- NHDP messages are local broadcast. If you have a reliable
  local broadcast mechanism to unknown recipients, I think
  we'd like to know.
- The transport mechanism sees packets, not messages. These
  are much less likely to be repeats. but even messages may
  not be repeated, due to e.g. message sequence numbers and
  security mechanisms.
- It's no business of the transport mechanism to do this.
  There are reasons to repeat messages due to mobility, trying
  to find unknown nodes etc.

> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as 
> indication of missed packets?

It's an option. Nothing in that area is something that must
be done. It's not my first choice of options, I think there
are better ones. But that doesn't make it unusable.

> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during 
> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?

If your congestion gets to the point where sufficient dropping
is occurring to make this happen, then there is a real problem in
any case, especially if (as one should) give routing signalling
a better than average priority.

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> I think what Teco means is that
> if NHDP runs on a reliable transport, a very bad link (that needs many
> retransmissions of HELLOs) still would appear as perfect link to NDHP,
> because no packetbb packet is lost. So, of course the transport
> protocol is transparent to NHDP, but using packet seq. no. as measure
> of number of lost packets would not make sense any more.

If you have such a reliable transport layer (except I don't
believe in it because it's not unicast, but ignore that for
now) then I would want the retransmission rates from that
transport layer as a supplement or replacement to packet
sequence number. It's not alone in that - I'd like all the
information I can get.

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From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon Nov  9 06:53:59 2009
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On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:51 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>> I think what Teco means is that
>> if NHDP runs on a reliable transport, a very bad link (that needs many
>> retransmissions of HELLOs) still would appear as perfect link to NDHP,
>> because no packetbb packet is lost. So, of course the transport
>> protocol is transparent to NHDP, but using packet seq. no. as measure
>> of number of lost packets would not make sense any more.
>
> If you have such a reliable transport layer (except I don't
> believe in it because it's not unicast, but ignore that for
> now)

I think this was more a theoretical assumption...

> then I would want the retransmission rates from that
> transport layer as a supplement or replacement to packet
> sequence number. It's not alone in that - I'd like all the
> information I can get.

Yes, true. But this would require some cross-layer information. I
agree that in that case, it would be necessary to get some information
from the transport protocol.

Ulrich

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Hi Ulrich,

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 23:41
>Aan: Teco Boot
>CC: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>Teco,
>
>On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:31 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
>> repeating messages?
>
>In that case, that mechanism of using packet seq. numbers would not
>work. But I think this is okay, since the NHDP draft does not mandate
>this mechanism. If one decides to use packet sequence numbers for
>indicating lost packets, one probably has to assume a non-reliable
>transport transport protocol such as UDP.

You missed my point.
The protocol would suppress the repeated info.

>
>> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
>> indication of missed packets?
>
>No, we don't want to mandate it. It is just *one* possible way, under
>certain assumptions (no reliable transport protocol).

But it is an impossible way, as defined today in the spec.

>
>> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
>> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?
>
>Well, in that case the router will face problems anyway, since it does
>not receive control traffic any more.

And send more traffic. See a nearby museum for what can happen if a system
is speeding up its own explosion. 

Teco.


>
>Ulrich
>
>>
>> Teco.
>>
>>>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>>>Ulrich Herberg
>>>Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 22:11
>>>Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>>>CC: manet@ietf.org
>>>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>>
>>>On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 8:03 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>>><Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>>>> My, not fully worked out, thought is that per interface
>>>> packet sequence numbers should be allowed, or even
>>>> preferred. That leaves a procedural issue of how to get
>>>> from where we are to where we want to be.
>>>
>>>I agree that we should allow packet sequence numbers per interface. At
>>>the moment, I cannot think about a good reason for not preferring
>>>them, but maybe there is...
>>>
>>>
>>>Ulrich
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>
>>


From ietf@thomasclausen.org  Mon Nov  9 07:08:30 2009
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On Nov 10, 2009, at 12:02 AM, Teco Boot wrote:

> Hi Ulrich,
>
>> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>> Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>> Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 23:41
>> Aan: Teco Boot
>> CC: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); manet@ietf.org
>> Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>
>> Teco,
>>
>> On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:31 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
>>> repeating messages?
>>
>> In that case, that mechanism of using packet seq. numbers would not
>> work. But I think this is okay, since the NHDP draft does not mandate
>> this mechanism. If one decides to use packet sequence numbers for
>> indicating lost packets, one probably has to assume a non-reliable
>> transport transport protocol such as UDP.
>
> You missed my point.
> The protocol would suppress the repeated info.
>

Then I do not understand. Your L2 (or "something-behaving-as-L2")  
below IP is reliable. That's fine, you'll get 100% of packets across.  
A great L2 and a great feat if you can do reliable broadcast to an  
unknown recipient set (I'd like to learn more if you have one at hand).

>>> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
>>> indication of missed packets?
>>
>> No, we don't want to mandate it. It is just *one* possible way, under
>> certain assumptions (no reliable transport protocol).
>
> But it is an impossible way, as defined today in the spec.

How so? Your L2 does not lend itself to "counting packets" - so you  
won't, you'll use something else (more appropriate to your L2) for  
establishing the quality.

This is not only enabled by the spec, but even recommended.

>>> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
>>> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?
>>
>> Well, in that case the router will face problems anyway, since it  
>> does
>> not receive control traffic any more.
>
> And send more traffic. See a nearby museum for what can happen if a  
> system
> is speeding up its own explosion.

I think that's an inappropriate reference.

I also think that it's an inappropriate and incorrect characterization  
of what NHDP would do....

Thomas


>
> Teco.
>
>
>>
>> Ulrich
>>
>>>
>>> Teco.
>>>
>>>> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>>> Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>>>> Ulrich Herberg
>>>> Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 22:11
>>>> Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>>>> CC: manet@ietf.org
>>>> Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>>>
>>>> On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 8:03 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>>>> <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>>>>> My, not fully worked out, thought is that per interface
>>>>> packet sequence numbers should be allowed, or even
>>>>> preferred. That leaves a procedural issue of how to get
>>>>> from where we are to where we want to be.
>>>>
>>>> I agree that we should allow packet sequence numbers per  
>>>> interface. At
>>>> the moment, I cannot think about a good reason for not preferring
>>>> them, but maybe there is...
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Ulrich
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> manet mailing list
>>>> manet@ietf.org
>>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>
>>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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Hi Ulrich,

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 23:45
>Aan: Henning Rogge
>CC: manet@ietf.org; Teco Boot; Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:37 PM, Henning Rogge
><henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de> wrote:
>> On Mon November 9 2009 15:31:16 Teco Boot wrote:
>>> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
>>> repeating messages?
>>> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
>>> indication of missed packets?
>>> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
>>> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?
>
>> Packet Sequence numbers have the same "range" as a linklocal IP, so I
>don't
>> see any problem with reliable transports. Such a transport would be
>built
>> "below" packetbb, so the mechanism should be transparent to packetbb.
>
>I don't see the relation to LL here. I think what Teco means is that
>if NHDP runs on a reliable transport, a very bad link (that needs many
>retransmissions of HELLOs) still would appear as perfect link to NDHP,
>because no packetbb packet is lost. So, of course the transport
>protocol is transparent to NHDP, but using packet seq. no. as measure
>of number of lost packets would not make sense any more.

Yes, this is an example the mechanism breaks.
I had IP layer in mind, like PIM over TCP. PIM started with repeating
advertisements, but for scalability and other reasons, the protocol is
extended for using reliable transfer (draft-ietf-pim-port).

In my MANETs, I have low bandwidth high costs links and cannot afford 
the repeating MANET messages over it. With reliable multicast (or 
unicast, if the link is P2P), I could suppress. Sequence numbers may 
break this idea.

Teco.  


>
>Ulrich


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Hi Chris,

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 23:48
>Aan: Teco Boot; Ulrich Herberg
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: RE: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
>> repeating messages?
>
>There are many ways in which this is not relevant
>- NHDP messages are local broadcast. If you have a reliable
>  local broadcast mechanism to unknown recipients, I think
>  we'd like to know.

PGM and NORM can do the job.


>- The transport mechanism sees packets, not messages. These
>  are much less likely to be repeats. but even messages may
>  not be repeated, due to e.g. message sequence numbers and
>  security mechanisms.

Yes, see other posting. Why are the sequence numbers incremented
For each packet? Sorry, it could be written in the draft and I
have overlooked it. 


>- It's no business of the transport mechanism to do this.
>  There are reasons to repeat messages due to mobility, trying
>  to find unknown nodes etc.

For hello, especially incremental hello, reliable multicast
doesn't help. For TC, it is another story. 


>> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
>> indication of missed packets?
>
>It's an option. Nothing in that area is something that must
>be done. It's not my first choice of options, I think there
>are better ones. But that doesn't make it unusable.

After the fix, I can agree.


>> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
>> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?
>
>If your congestion gets to the point where sufficient dropping
>is occurring to make this happen, then there is a real problem in
>any case, especially if (as one should) give routing signalling
>a better than average priority.

Yes, but broadcast queues with infinite depth have drawbacks to.
Especially when giving priority to it. At least, we need some form 
of shaping or fair queuing.


Teco.

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>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 23:54
>Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>CC: Henning Rogge; manet@ietf.org; Teco Boot
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:51 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
><Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>>> I think what Teco means is that
>>> if NHDP runs on a reliable transport, a very bad link (that needs
>many
>>> retransmissions of HELLOs) still would appear as perfect link to
>NDHP,
>>> because no packetbb packet is lost. So, of course the transport
>>> protocol is transparent to NHDP, but using packet seq. no. as measure
>>> of number of lost packets would not make sense any more.
>>
>> If you have such a reliable transport layer (except I don't
>> believe in it because it's not unicast, but ignore that for
>> now)
>
>I think this was more a theoretical assumption...
>
>> then I would want the retransmission rates from that
>> transport layer as a supplement or replacement to packet
>> sequence number. It's not alone in that - I'd like all the
>> information I can get.
>
>Yes, true. But this would require some cross-layer information. I
>agree that in that case, it would be necessary to get some information
>from the transport protocol.

NACK based reliable multicast does not provide the info that is needed.
But yes, the info that becomes available could be used for MPR selection.

The idea is more serious than theoretical assumption. When the performance
of MANETs degrades due to TC load, we could take a look at this.


Teco.

>
>Ulrich


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>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Thomas Heide Clausen [mailto:ietf@thomasclausen.org]
>Verzonden: dinsdag 10 november 2009 0:09
>Aan: Teco Boot
>CC: 'Ulrich Herberg'; 'Dearlove, Christopher (UK)'; manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>
>On Nov 10, 2009, at 12:02 AM, Teco Boot wrote:
>
>> Hi Ulrich,
>>
>>> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>> Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>>> Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 23:41
>>> Aan: Teco Boot
>>> CC: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); manet@ietf.org
>>> Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>>
>>> Teco,
>>>
>>> On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:31 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>>> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
>>>> repeating messages?
>>>
>>> In that case, that mechanism of using packet seq. numbers would not
>>> work. But I think this is okay, since the NHDP draft does not mandate
>>> this mechanism. If one decides to use packet sequence numbers for
>>> indicating lost packets, one probably has to assume a non-reliable
>>> transport transport protocol such as UDP.
>>
>> You missed my point.
>> The protocol would suppress the repeated info.
>>
>
>Then I do not understand. Your L2 (or "something-behaving-as-L2")
>below IP is reliable. That's fine, you'll get 100% of packets across.

100% delivery ratio is the goal of reliable multicast.
But at cost of delay and other annoying aspects.
It runs at layer 4 (instead of UDP or vanilla IP).


>A great L2 and a great feat if you can do reliable broadcast to an
>unknown recipient set (I'd like to learn more if you have one at hand).
>
>>>> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
>>>> indication of missed packets?
>>>
>>> No, we don't want to mandate it. It is just *one* possible way, under
>>> certain assumptions (no reliable transport protocol).
>>
>> But it is an impossible way, as defined today in the spec.
>
>How so? Your L2 does not lend itself to "counting packets" - so you
>won't, you'll use something else (more appropriate to your L2) for
>establishing the quality.
>
>This is not only enabled by the spec, but even recommended.

Back to my first comment, the spec needs a fix. Then, we can recommend
to use it. But only when sequence numbers are used. 
We could regret this in the future, when working on optimizing TC load.


>>>> What if other reasons caused the loss, e.g. tail drop during
>>>> congestion caused by the MANET protocol itself?
>>>
>>> Well, in that case the router will face problems anyway, since it
>>> does
>>> not receive control traffic any more.
>>
>> And send more traffic. See a nearby museum for what can happen if a
>> system
>> is speeding up its own explosion.
>
>I think that's an inappropriate reference.

I've seen network meltdowns, including MANETs. This meltdown term is
borrowed
from nuclear catastrophes.


>I also think that it's an inappropriate and incorrect characterization
>of what NHDP would do....

Did I say so?

But yes, network meltdowns due to chain reaction is a real world concern.
It is definitely not specific to NHDP/OLSR. But these are also not immune.


Can we go back to my first comment, and fix this minor issue?


Teco.


>
>Thomas
>
>
>>
>> Teco.
>>
>>
>>>
>>> Ulrich
>>>
>>>>
>>>> Teco.
>>>>
>>>>> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>>>> Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>>>>> Ulrich Herberg
>>>>> Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 22:11
>>>>> Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>>>>> CC: manet@ietf.org
>>>>> Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>>>>
>>>>> On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 8:03 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>>>>> <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>>>>>> My, not fully worked out, thought is that per interface
>>>>>> packet sequence numbers should be allowed, or even
>>>>>> preferred. That leaves a procedural issue of how to get
>>>>>> from where we are to where we want to be.
>>>>>
>>>>> I agree that we should allow packet sequence numbers per
>>>>> interface. At
>>>>> the moment, I cannot think about a good reason for not preferring
>>>>> them, but maybe there is...
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Ulrich
>>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>>> manet mailing list
>>>>> manet@ietf.org
>>>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>>
>>>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> manet mailing list
>> manet@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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On Nov 10, 2009, at 12:38 AM, Teco Boot wrote:

>
>
>> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>> Van: Thomas Heide Clausen [mailto:ietf@thomasclausen.org]
>> Verzonden: dinsdag 10 november 2009 0:09
>> Aan: Teco Boot
>> CC: 'Ulrich Herberg'; 'Dearlove, Christopher (UK)'; manet@ietf.org
>> Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>
>>
>> On Nov 10, 2009, at 12:02 AM, Teco Boot wrote:
>>
>>> Hi Ulrich,
>>>
>>>> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>>> Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>>>> Verzonden: maandag 9 november 2009 23:41
>>>> Aan: Teco Boot
>>>> CC: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); manet@ietf.org
>>>> Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>>>>
>>>> Teco,
>>>>
>>>> On Mon, Nov 9, 2009 at 11:31 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>>>> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
>>>>> repeating messages?
>>>>
>>>> In that case, that mechanism of using packet seq. numbers would not
>>>> work. But I think this is okay, since the NHDP draft does not  
>>>> mandate
>>>> this mechanism. If one decides to use packet sequence numbers for
>>>> indicating lost packets, one probably has to assume a non-reliable
>>>> transport transport protocol such as UDP.
>>>
>>> You missed my point.
>>> The protocol would suppress the repeated info.
>>>
>>
>> Then I do not understand. Your L2 (or "something-behaving-as-L2")
>> below IP is reliable. That's fine, you'll get 100% of packets across.
>
> 100% delivery ratio is the goal of reliable multicast.
> But at cost of delay and other annoying aspects.
> It runs at layer 4 (instead of UDP or vanilla IP).

However, if you run it for NHDP, it would effectively look as a "very  
good L2", yes?

>
>
>> A great L2 and a great feat if you can do reliable broadcast to an
>> unknown recipient set (I'd like to learn more if you have one at  
>> hand).
>>
>>>>> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
>>>>> indication of missed packets?
>>>>
>>>> No, we don't want to mandate it. It is just *one* possible way,  
>>>> under
>>>> certain assumptions (no reliable transport protocol).
>>>
>>> But it is an impossible way, as defined today in the spec.
>>
>> How so? Your L2 does not lend itself to "counting packets" - so you
>> won't, you'll use something else (more appropriate to your L2) for
>> establishing the quality.
>>
>> This is not only enabled by the spec, but even recommended.
>
> Back to my first comment, the spec needs a fix. Then, we can recommend
> to use it. But only when sequence numbers are used.
> We could regret this in the future, when working on optimizing TC  
> load.

What do you suggest to fix in the spec? If it does say "you MUST use  
sequence number counting", then the spec is wrong. If the spec says  
that "sequence number counting MAY be used, if nothing better is  
available", then I am not sure what's wrong?

Thomas


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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>, "Henning Rogge" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
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> In my MANETs, I have low bandwidth high costs links and cannot afford 
> the repeating MANET messages over it.

Change the message intervals, possibly adaptively.

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> Can we go back to my first comment, and fix this minor issue?

Assuming that's the "packet sequence numbers should be
per interface, not per node/router to be useful" then
yes. I'm not sure what the appropriate procedure is
(errata to RFC 5444?).

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From ietf@thomasclausen.org  Mon Nov  9 09:00:11 2009
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On Nov 10, 2009, at 1:56 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:

>> Can we go back to my first comment, and fix this minor issue?
>
> Assuming that's the "packet sequence numbers should be
> per interface, not per node/router to be useful" then
> yes. I'm not sure what the appropriate procedure is
> (errata to RFC 5444?).
>

Unless I recall a really good reason for it being as it is in 5444,  
then I agree with Chris. We talked earlier today and couldn't recall  
any justifications, so it might just have slipped through the editing  
cracks (drat!).

Give me a couple of days after this IETF to dig through my archives of  
notes - failing any discoveries, we issue an errata?

Thomas


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Hi Thomas,

>>>>>> What if someone defines a reliable transport and suppress
>>>>>> repeating messages?
>>>>>
>>>>> In that case, that mechanism of using packet seq. numbers would not
>>>>> work. But I think this is okay, since the NHDP draft does not
>>>>> mandate
>>>>> this mechanism. If one decides to use packet sequence numbers for
>>>>> indicating lost packets, one probably has to assume a non-reliable
>>>>> transport transport protocol such as UDP.
>>>>
>>>> You missed my point.
>>>> The protocol would suppress the repeated info.
>>>>
>>>
>>> Then I do not understand. Your L2 (or "something-behaving-as-L2")
>>> below IP is reliable. That's fine, you'll get 100% of packets across.
>>
>> 100% delivery ratio is the goal of reliable multicast.
>> But at cost of delay and other annoying aspects.
>> It runs at layer 4 (instead of UDP or vanilla IP).
>
>However, if you run it for NHDP, it would effectively look as a "very
>good L2", yes?

Yes.
I did not suggest exchanging hello messages over it. For TCs, originated
from over the place, it would make sense. OSPF tackles the problem
from the other end of the spectrum, here we have only the reliable LSA
transfer.


>>> A great L2 and a great feat if you can do reliable broadcast to an
>>> unknown recipient set (I'd like to learn more if you have one at
>>> hand).
>>>
>>>>>> Are we sure we want to use missing sequence numbers as
>>>>>> indication of missed packets?
>>>>>
>>>>> No, we don't want to mandate it. It is just *one* possible way,
>>>>> under
>>>>> certain assumptions (no reliable transport protocol).
>>>>
>>>> But it is an impossible way, as defined today in the spec.
>>>
>>> How so? Your L2 does not lend itself to "counting packets" - so you
>>> won't, you'll use something else (more appropriate to your L2) for
>>> establishing the quality.
>>>
>>> This is not only enabled by the spec, but even recommended.
>>
>> Back to my first comment, the spec needs a fix. Then, we can recommend
>> to use it. But only when sequence numbers are used.
>> We could regret this in the future, when working on optimizing TC
>> load.
>
>What do you suggest to fix in the spec? If it does say "you MUST use
>sequence number counting", then the spec is wrong. If the spec says
>that "sequence number counting MAY be used, if nothing better is
>available", then I am not sure what's wrong?

I recommend using hello messages sequence numbers only.


It need more thoughts, but what about using hello msg-seq-num?
Hello messages could have msg-seq-num per interface. Then, we 
have the timer based detection and the sequence number detection, 
both using hello messages. 
We need a RFC5444 errata on msg-seq-num if we use this.
I think it makes sense to have hello incrementing msg-seq-num per
interface and incrementing TC msg-seq-num per message. The errata
would say incrementing sequence numbers for 1-hop advertized messages
and packets must have per interface numberspaces.


For TCs, I prefer not incrementing the msg-seq-num for repeating,
identical messages. Then, suppression or reliable transfer with
regenerating the repeating messages becomes doable. 
Also, the receiving node has better knowledge on having a topology 
update or not, by checking the sequence number only. Little gain here,
but still.
With this approach, the OLSR spec would say the repeating TC message is
not regenerated each time send out. The mechanism shall be implemented 
on a generating node A for support for a suppressing node B. So it needs
implementation on all nodes for interoperability.


Teco.



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>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>Verzonden: dinsdag 10 november 2009 1:53
>Aan: Teco Boot; Ulrich Herberg; Henning Rogge
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: RE: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>> In my MANETs, I have low bandwidth high costs links and cannot afford
>> the repeating MANET messages over it.
>
>Change the message intervals, possibly adaptively.

This won't work in a heterogeneous network. On parts in the MANET, we can 
afford and take the benefits of high rate repeating messages, where in 
other parts this would overwhelm the link.
The hop-limit feature is helping somewhat, but not sufficient.


Teco.




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From: Henning Rogge <hrogge@googlemail.com>
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Am Montag 09 November 2009 20:47:39 schrieb Teco Boot:
> Hi Thomas,
> I recommend using hello messages sequence numbers only.
I thought we were talking about packet sequence numbers. Message sequence=20
numbers are something totally different.

> It need more thoughts, but what about using hello msg-seq-num?
> Hello messages could have msg-seq-num per interface. Then, we
> have the timer based detection and the sequence number detection,
> both using hello messages.
> We need a RFC5444 errata on msg-seq-num if we use this.
> I think it makes sense to have hello incrementing msg-seq-num per
> interface and incrementing TC msg-seq-num per message. The errata
> would say incrementing sequence numbers for 1-hop advertized messages
> and packets must have per interface numberspaces.
I don't think that makes sense Teco.
=20
> For TCs, I prefer not incrementing the msg-seq-num for repeating,
> identical messages. Then, suppression or reliable transfer with
> regenerating the repeating messages becomes doable.
> Also, the receiving node has better knowledge on having a topology
> update or not, by checking the sequence number only. Little gain here,
> but still.
That's why TCs have an answer-set number.

> With this approach, the OLSR spec would say the repeating TC message is
> not regenerated each time send out. The mechanism shall be implemented
> on a generating node A for support for a suppressing node B. So it needs
> implementation on all nodes for interoperability.
I think you are really mixing up multiple sequence numbers in OLSR. At the=
=20
moment we have three different numbers:

1.) packet sequence numbers. They have some kind of "link local scope" and =
can=20
be used for estimating the packet loss on a link.

2.) message sequence numbers. These are "end to end", generated by the=20
originator of the message and are used for duplicate detection.

3.) answer set numbers. They are only in the TCs and are increased every ti=
mes=20
the topology information a nodes sends has changed.

Henning Rogge

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From teco@inf-net.nl  Mon Nov  9 14:46:57 2009
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Hi Henning,

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Henning Rogge [mailto:hrogge@googlemail.com]
>Verzonden: dinsdag 10 november 2009 5:10
>Aan: manet@ietf.org
>CC: Teco Boot; 'Thomas Heide Clausen'; 'Dearlove, Christopher (UK)'
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>Am Montag 09 November 2009 20:47:39 schrieb Teco Boot:
>> Hi Thomas,
>> I recommend using hello messages sequence numbers only.
>I thought we were talking about packet sequence numbers. Message
>sequence
>numbers are something totally different.

Yes. But my recommendation is to use msg-seq-num. I'm not sure
all packets send via an interface are received by all neighbors.
For hello's, I'll say this is a valid assumption. Or we can make
it mandatory for NHDP. I heard Justin the other day promoting 
PacketBB for a very different application. What if I write a 
draft on multicast joins / prunes, that uses unicast?


>> It need more thoughts, but what about using hello msg-seq-num?
>> Hello messages could have msg-seq-num per interface. Then, we
>> have the timer based detection and the sequence number detection,
>> both using hello messages.
>> We need a RFC5444 errata on msg-seq-num if we use this.
>> I think it makes sense to have hello incrementing msg-seq-num per
>> interface and incrementing TC msg-seq-num per message. The errata
>> would say incrementing sequence numbers for 1-hop advertized messages
>> and packets must have per interface numberspaces.
>I don't think that makes sense Teco.
>
>> For TCs, I prefer not incrementing the msg-seq-num for repeating,
>> identical messages. Then, suppression or reliable transfer with
>> regenerating the repeating messages becomes doable.
>> Also, the receiving node has better knowledge on having a topology
>> update or not, by checking the sequence number only. Little gain here,
>> but still.
>That's why TCs have an answer-set number.

It must have been the product of jet-lag, readability of the draft and
a TLV for just a seq-num. By the way, did you mean the sequence number 
as value in TLV CONT_SEQ_NUM, called ANSN?.


>
>> With this approach, the OLSR spec would say the repeating TC message
>is
>> not regenerated each time send out. The mechanism shall be implemented
>> on a generating node A for support for a suppressing node B. So it
>needs
>> implementation on all nodes for interoperability.
>I think you are really mixing up multiple sequence numbers in OLSR. At
>the
>moment we have three different numbers:
>
>1.) packet sequence numbers. They have some kind of "link local scope"
>and can
>be used for estimating the packet loss on a link.

IMHO this is not always true.


>2.) message sequence numbers. These are "end to end", generated by the
>originator of the message and are used for duplicate detection.

OK. But then, are they mandatory for TC?


>3.) answer set numbers. They are only in the TCs and are increased every
>times
>the topology information a nodes sends has changed.

Is this OLSRv2?
I need more time to read this over.


Teco.


From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon Nov  9 16:51:45 2009
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Thomas,

On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 2:00 AM, Thomas Heide Clausen
<ietf@thomasclausen.org> wrote:
>[..]
>> Assuming that's the "packet sequence numbers should be
>> per interface, not per node/router to be useful" then
>> yes. I'm not sure what the appropriate procedure is
>> (errata to RFC 5444?).
>>
>
> Unless I recall a really good reason for it being as it is in 5444, then I
> agree with Chris. We talked earlier today and couldn't recall any
> justifications, so it might just have slipped through the editing cracks
> (drat!).
>
> Give me a couple of days after this IETF to dig through my archives of notes
> - failing any discoveries, we issue an errata?

Yes, I think that should be considered. Using packet seq number per
interface instead of per node should solve the problem.

Ulrich

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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 5:09 AM, Henning Rogge <hrogge@googlemail.com> wrote:
> I think you are really mixing up multiple sequence numbers in OLSR. At the
> moment we have three different numbers:

Are we talking about OLSR or OLSRv2 here? I assume the latter...


> 1.) packet sequence numbers. They have some kind of "link local scope" and can
> be used for estimating the packet loss on a link.
>
> 2.) message sequence numbers. These are "end to end", generated by the
> originator of the message and are used for duplicate detection.
>
> 3.) answer set numbers. They are only in the TCs and are increased every times
> the topology information a nodes sends has changed.

This is an accurate description (besides that it's not "answer set
number", but "Advertised Neighbor Sequence Number" or ANSN).

Ulrich

From ietf@thomasclausen.org  Mon Nov  9 16:59:54 2009
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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On Nov 10, 2009, at 9:52 AM, Ulrich Herberg wrote:

> Thomas,
>
> On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 2:00 AM, Thomas Heide Clausen
> <ietf@thomasclausen.org> wrote:
>> [..]
>>> Assuming that's the "packet sequence numbers should be
>>> per interface, not per node/router to be useful" then
>>> yes. I'm not sure what the appropriate procedure is
>>> (errata to RFC 5444?).
>>>
>>
>> Unless I recall a really good reason for it being as it is in 5444,  
>> then I
>> agree with Chris. We talked earlier today and couldn't recall any
>> justifications, so it might just have slipped through the editing  
>> cracks
>> (drat!).
>>
>> Give me a couple of days after this IETF to dig through my archives  
>> of notes
>> - failing any discoveries, we issue an errata?
>
> Yes, I think that should be considered. Using packet seq number per
> interface instead of per node should solve the problem.
>

Agree. I just want to check that it's like it is "by accident" and not  
"by forgotten reason" :)

Thomas


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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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I understand the argument for changing packet sequence numbers from global
space to interface spaces, and think I have actually made this argument in
the past, but I have a nagging feeling that there is some drawback which we
are currently missing.  Aggregated interface reception perhaps?

Justin

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
> Of Ulrich Herberg
> Sent: Monday, November 09, 2009 7:52 PM
> To: Thomas Heide Clausen
> Cc: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
> 
> Thomas,
> 
> On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 2:00 AM, Thomas Heide Clausen
> <ietf@thomasclausen.org> wrote:
> >[..]
> >> Assuming that's the "packet sequence numbers should be
> >> per interface, not per node/router to be useful" then
> >> yes. I'm not sure what the appropriate procedure is
> >> (errata to RFC 5444?).
> >>
> >
> > Unless I recall a really good reason for it being as it is in 5444,
> then I
> > agree with Chris. We talked earlier today and couldn't recall any
> > justifications, so it might just have slipped through the editing
> cracks
> > (drat!).
> >
> > Give me a couple of days after this IETF to dig through my archives
> of notes
> > - failing any discoveries, we issue an errata?
> 
> Yes, I think that should be considered. Using packet seq number per
> interface instead of per node should solve the problem.
> 
> Ulrich
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Mon Nov  9 23:59:03 2009
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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On Mon November 9 2009 23:46:36 Teco Boot wrote:
> Hi Henning,
> >I thought we were talking about packet sequence numbers. Message
> >sequence
> >numbers are something totally different.
>=20
> Yes. But my recommendation is to use msg-seq-num. I'm not sure
> all packets send via an interface are received by all neighbors.
> For hello's, I'll say this is a valid assumption. Or we can make
> it mandatory for NHDP. I heard Justin the other day promoting
> PacketBB for a very different application. What if I write a
> draft on multicast joins / prunes, that uses unicast?
The packetbb IANA RFC 5498 suggests to use a linklocal multicast group for=
=20
sending NHDP/OLSRv2/... packets. So I think it's mandatory that all=20
transmitted TCs will be received by all neighbors.

> >> It need more thoughts, but what about using hello msg-seq-num?
> >> Hello messages could have msg-seq-num per interface. Then, we
> >> have the timer based detection and the sequence number detection,
> >> both using hello messages.
> >> We need a RFC5444 errata on msg-seq-num if we use this.
> >> I think it makes sense to have hello incrementing msg-seq-num per
> >> interface and incrementing TC msg-seq-num per message. The errata
> >> would say incrementing sequence numbers for 1-hop advertized messages
> >> and packets must have per interface numberspaces.
> >
> >I don't think that makes sense Teco.
> >
> >> For TCs, I prefer not incrementing the msg-seq-num for repeating,
> >> identical messages. Then, suppression or reliable transfer with
> >> regenerating the repeating messages becomes doable.
> >> Also, the receiving node has better knowledge on having a topology
> >> update or not, by checking the sequence number only. Little gain here,
> >> but still.
> >
> >That's why TCs have an answer-set number.

> It must have been the product of jet-lag, readability of the draft and
> a TLV for just a seq-num. By the way, did you mean the sequence number
> as value in TLV CONT_SEQ_NUM, called ANSN?.
Yes, sorry... ANSN (advertised neighbor sequence number)
=20
> >> With this approach, the OLSR spec would say the repeating TC message
> >
> >is
> >
> >> not regenerated each time send out. The mechanism shall be implemented
> >> on a generating node A for support for a suppressing node B. So it
> >
> >needs
> >
> >> implementation on all nodes for interoperability.
> >
> >I think you are really mixing up multiple sequence numbers in OLSR. At
> >the
> >moment we have three different numbers:
> >
> >1.) packet sequence numbers. They have some kind of "link local scope"
> >and can
> >be used for estimating the packet loss on a link.
>=20
> IMHO this is not always true.
It can be used to estimate the packet loss on the layer NHDP/OLSRv2 is work=
ing=20
on. Of course this is not the true packet loss if you have a retransmission=
 on=20
a lower layer.

> >2.) message sequence numbers. These are "end to end", generated by the
> >originator of the message and are used for duplicate detection.
>=20
> OK. But then, are they mandatory for TC?
> >3.) answer set numbers. They are only in the TCs and are increased every
> >times
> >the topology information a nodes sends has changed.
>=20
> Is this OLSRv2?
> I need more time to read this over.

OLSRv2 draft, section 8.2:

  A TC message MUST contain:
=2E...
   o  <msg-seq-num> and <msg-hop-limit> elements, as specified in
      [RFC5444].
=2E..
   o  A single Message TLV with Type :=3D CONT_SEQ_NUM, and Type Extension
      :=3D COMPLETE or Type Extension :=3D INCOMPLETE, as specified in
      Section 8.2.1 (for complete and incomplete TC messages,
      respectively) except that the latter MAY be omitted if the message
      does not contain any addresses associated with a TLV with Type =3D
      NBR_ADDR_TYPE or Type =3D GATEWAY.

So yes, message sequence numbers and CONT_SEQ_NUM (which contains the ANSN)=
=20
are mandatory for TCs.

Henning Rogge

=2D-
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
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On Tue November 10 2009 05:38:52 Justin Dean wrote:
> I understand the argument for changing packet sequence numbers from global
> space to interface spaces, and think I have actually made this argument in
> the past, but I have a nagging feeling that there is some drawback which =
we
> are currently missing.  Aggregated interface reception perhaps?
Hmm...

what is the advantage of using packet sequence numbers per node instead of =
per=20
interface ?

Henning Rogge

=2D-
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
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From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 10 06:04:47 2009
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From: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
To: "'Henning Rogge'" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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>On Tue November 10 2009 05:38:52 Justin Dean wrote:
>> I understand the argument for changing packet sequence numbers from
>global
>> space to interface spaces, and think I have actually made this
>argument in
>> the past, but I have a nagging feeling that there is some drawback
>which we
>> are currently missing.  Aggregated interface reception perhaps?

Henning:
>Hmm...
>what is the advantage of using packet sequence numbers per node instead
>of per
>interface ?

If two interfaces are on same medium, we have the aggregation.
There are other issues with such a setup, e.g. per_interface_MPR. 
Is this scenario analyzed before?

Teco.




From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Tue Nov 10 06:48:01 2009
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From: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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On Tue November 10 2009 15:04:30 Teco Boot wrote:
> If two interfaces are on same medium, we have the aggregation.
> There are other issues with such a setup, e.g. per_interface_MPR.
> Is this scenario analyzed before?
You mean two interfaces sharing a physical interface but kept separate (for=
=20
example with VLANs) ? I still don't see any advantage of a "per node" packe=
t=20
sequence number. Maybe you can explain your scenario and the advantage of t=
he=20
"per node" thing a little bit more ?

Henning Rogge

=2D-
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
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From ubairhamid@gmail.com  Tue Nov 10 09:23:55 2009
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Subject: [manet] precursor list confusion in AODV
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Hi all

We are implementing AODV for our graduation project. I have confusion
regarding precursor list maintained in the routing table which is mentioned
in the RFC 3651. Also as the RFC does not say much about it, please tell
IS it a linked list? Does it contain more than one entry for one Route Table
Entry (as it is a list). Also what would be the entries of the precursor
list in the following case. Especially elaborate precursor list for Node C.
Note only adjacent nodes are connected i.e. in range of each other. Thanks
in advance.

                           Source 1
                                   \
                                    F
                                      \
                                       G
                                         \
                                          H
                                            \
Source 2 ------- A ------- B ------- C ------ D ------ E ------ Destination
                                            /
                                           i
                                         /
                                       J
                                      /
                                    K
                                   /
                           Source 3

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From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 10 14:04:07 2009
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To: "'Henning Rogge'" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
References: <004a01ca60dc$a9e06ed0$fda14c70$@nl> <200911100928.51433.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de> <016d01ca620e$cf184960$6d48dc20$@nl> <200911101548.16805.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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>On Tue November 10 2009 15:04:30 Teco Boot wrote:
>> If two interfaces are on same medium, we have the aggregation.
>> There are other issues with such a setup, e.g. per_interface_MPR.
>> Is this scenario analyzed before?
>You mean two interfaces sharing a physical interface but kept separate
>(for
>example with VLANs) ?

Not isolated with VLANs. Assume box with multiple radios, attached
to directional antennas.


> I still don't see any advantage of a "per node"
>packet
>sequence number. 

The discussion is what to do, per packet seq-num or
(per packet per interface). Using the latter can be
dangerous in this scenario, as a neighbor could get 
both packets and will get mixed up by the two seq-nums,
as they are not nicely ordered anymore.


Teco. 



From ulrich@herberg.name  Tue Nov 10 15:44:48 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2009 08:45:12 +0900
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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Teco,

On Wed, Nov 11, 2009 at 7:03 AM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>[...]
> The discussion is what to do, per packet seq-num or
> (per packet per interface). Using the latter can be
> dangerous in this scenario, as a neighbor could get
> both packets and will get mixed up by the two seq-nums,
> as they are not nicely ordered anymore.

But would that matter? We still have message sequence numbers to
detect duplicate messages (the message sequence number is created per
router). And we have the ANSN to detected which TCs are newer. I do
not see how that could be harmful. Can you describe an example?

Ulrich

From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 10 15:56:48 2009
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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>>[...]
>> The discussion is what to do, per packet seq-num or
>> (per packet per interface). Using the latter can be
>> dangerous in this scenario, as a neighbor could get
>> both packets and will get mixed up by the two seq-nums,
>> as they are not nicely ordered anymore.
>
>But would that matter? We still have message sequence numbers to
>detect duplicate messages (the message sequence number is created per
>router). And we have the ANSN to detected which TCs are newer. I do
>not see how that could be harmful. Can you describe an example?

What brings pkt-seq-num?

What happens when router receives msg A on int A, and discard
because not being MPR. Then it receives msg A on int B, and discard
because seen before on int A, but is MPR. MPR broken?

Teco.



From ulrich@herberg.name  Tue Nov 10 16:24:58 2009
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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On Wed, Nov 11, 2009 at 8:56 AM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>>[...]
>>But would that matter? We still have message sequence numbers to
>>detect duplicate messages (the message sequence number is created per
>>router). And we have the ANSN to detected which TCs are newer. I do
>>not see how that could be harmful. Can you describe an example?
>
> What brings pkt-seq-num?

I think they bring nothing if not used for something like a link
quality mechanism. Note that neither NHDP nor OLSRv2 forces them to be
used. The only place where NHDP mentions packet sequence numbers is:
      "If control packets include a
      sequential packet sequence number, as defined in [RFC5444], then
      link quality can be updated when a control packet is received,
      whether or not it contains a HELLO message.  The link quality may
      then, for example, be based on whether the last N out of M control
      packets on the link were received, or may use a "leaky integrator"
      tracking packet reception and loss."

The OLSRv2 draft does not mention packet sequence numbers (correct me
if I am wrong).

>
> What happens when router receives msg A on int A, and discard
> because not being MPR. Then it receives msg A on int B, and discard
> because seen before on int A, but is MPR. MPR broken?

But discarding a message is only based on message sequence number, not
packet sequence number.

Ulrich

From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 10 17:30:56 2009
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(new thread)

I asked:
> What happens when router receives msg A on int A, and discard
> because not being MPR. Then it receives msg A on int B, and 
> discard because seen before on int A, but is MPR. MPR broken?
Response appreciated.

Teco.


From ietf@thomasclausen.org  Tue Nov 10 17:33:41 2009
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On Nov 11, 2009, at 10:30 AM, Teco Boot wrote:

> (new thread)
>
> I asked:
>> What happens when router receives msg A on int A, and discard
>> because not being MPR. Then it receives msg A on int B, and
>> discard because seen before on int A, but is MPR. MPR broken?
> Response appreciated.

No, that is not a problem - the selection algorithm proposed in OLSR  
and OLSRv2 handles this correctly.

Thomas

From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 10 19:05:13 2009
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Thanks. It seems this is another scenario requiring per interface MPR.
I still do not like it, but having this scenario leads me towards 
acceptance. But MPR still doesn't support my Ethernet scenario posted 
months ago.

Reading back OLSRv2-10, I think text around "Received Set" needs revision.
It is not "received", but "received via symmetric link". Messages could
be received via asymmetric link and be processed. This is OK. But then,
the message is in Processed Set and not in Received Set. This looks not
obvious, and can lead to misunderstanding. At leased, 6.4.1 needs 
adjustment, and I prefer more text wherever Received set is mentioned.
or rename it, to such as MPR_Received Set or Received_SL Set.

Teco.


>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Thomas Heide Clausen [mailto:ietf@thomasclausen.org]
>Verzonden: woensdag 11 november 2009 10:34
>Aan: Teco Boot
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] MPR and multiple interfaces on same medium
>
>
>On Nov 11, 2009, at 10:30 AM, Teco Boot wrote:
>
>> (new thread)
>>
>> I asked:
>>> What happens when router receives msg A on int A, and discard
>>> because not being MPR. Then it receives msg A on int B, and
>>> discard because seen before on int A, but is MPR. MPR broken?
>> Response appreciated.
>
>No, that is not a problem - the selection algorithm proposed in OLSR
>and OLSRv2 handles this correctly.
>
>Thomas


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On Nov 11, 2009, at 12:04 PM, Teco Boot wrote:

> Thanks. It seems this is another scenario requiring per interface MPR.
> I still do not like it, but having this scenario leads me towards
> acceptance. But MPR still doesn't support my Ethernet scenario posted
> months ago.
>

I have been running OLSR and OLSRv2 over also Ethernets for years,.  
Can you remind me, what's not working?

<SNIP - something which is to address in a different email>

Thomas

>> -----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>> Van: Thomas Heide Clausen [mailto:ietf@thomasclausen.org]
>> Verzonden: woensdag 11 november 2009 10:34
>> Aan: Teco Boot
>> CC: manet@ietf.org
>> Onderwerp: Re: [manet] MPR and multiple interfaces on same medium
>>
>>
>> On Nov 11, 2009, at 10:30 AM, Teco Boot wrote:
>>
>>> (new thread)
>>>
>>> I asked:
>>>> What happens when router receives msg A on int A, and discard
>>>> because not being MPR. Then it receives msg A on int B, and
>>>> discard because seen before on int A, but is MPR. MPR broken?
>>> Response appreciated.
>>
>> No, that is not a problem - the selection algorithm proposed in OLSR
>> and OLSRv2 handles this correctly.
>>
>> Thomas
>


From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 10 19:26:32 2009
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To: "'Thomas Heide Clausen'" <ietf@thomasclausen.org>
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(new thread)

As far as I know there is a MPR over Ethernet use case with MPR 
problems. The scenario was discussed as follow-up on:
 http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/manet/current/msg11061.html

Thomas, I remember you thought there was a mechanism for a fix.
Maybe you had jitter in mind, but IMHO this is not a real solution.
Especially when SMF is in use.

Here the scenario:

        +---+   +--------+   +---+
       /| B |---| switch |---| E |\
      / +---+   +--------+   +---+ \
+---+/               |              \+---+
| A |                |               | F |
+---+\               |              /+---+
      \ +---+   +--------+   +---+ /
       \| C |---| switch |---| D |/
        +---+   +--------+   +---+

Network B-C-D-E is full connected.
B selects D as MPR.
C selects E as MPR.
Packets sent by B are received by E before received by D.
Packets sent by C are received by D before received by E.
The delay between the switches can be quite large.

I mentioned the same scenario can be set up with
whatever L2 technology, including sub-IP MANETs.

Teco.





From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Wed Nov 11 01:47:52 2009
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You do not have to use the same intervals in all parts
of the network. You trade off bandwidth and responsiveness
of course, but this does not have to be the same across
the whole network, and if it is heterogeneous this may
well be appropriate. Of course that still leaves the
fastest rate TC messages impacting on the whole network,
so decisions can't entirely be local. The abilities for
both variable (possibly adaptive) and variable hop-count
(Fisheye/HSLS) mechanisms may also help. But if you have
a heterogeneous network with quite different characteristics
you have problems to solve in any case.

-- 
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: Teco Boot [mailto:teco@inf-net.nl] 
Sent: 09 November 2009 19:53
To: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num


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>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>Verzonden: dinsdag 10 november 2009 1:53
>Aan: Teco Boot; Ulrich Herberg; Henning Rogge
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: RE: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>> In my MANETs, I have low bandwidth high costs links and cannot afford
>> the repeating MANET messages over it.
>
>Change the message intervals, possibly adaptively.

This won't work in a heterogeneous network. On parts in the MANET, we
can 
afford and take the benefits of high rate repeating messages, where in 
other parts this would overwhelm the link.
The hop-limit feature is helping somewhat, but not sufficient.


Teco.





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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Thomas Heide Clausen" <ietf@thomasclausen.org>
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> For TCs, I prefer not incrementing the msg-seq-num for repeating,
> identical messages.

That does not work. The TC message sequence number is there
to manage duplicates in flooding. Make it constant, and no
second copy of a message will ever be delivered and the network
will disintegrate.

Freshness of information is in the ANSN. The message sequence
number does a different job. NHDP/OLSRv2 are designed for
unreliable networks. If you have a reliable network you may
want to redesign, but I see no evidence that a reliable
local broadcast mechanism is anything other than a thought
experiment.

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Wed Nov 11 02:00:16 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Justin Dean" <jdean@itd.nrl.navy.mil>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>, "Thomas Heide Clausen" <ietf@thomasclausen.org>
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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There is a question as to whether we change completely,
or change to A or B. That is partly a question about
errata as well as technical.

-- 
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: Justin Dean [mailto:jdean@itd.nrl.navy.mil] 
Sent: 10 November 2009 04:39
To: 'Ulrich Herberg'; 'Thomas Heide Clausen'
Cc: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num


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I understand the argument for changing packet sequence numbers from
global
space to interface spaces, and think I have actually made this argument
in
the past, but I have a nagging feeling that there is some drawback which
we
are currently missing.  Aggregated interface reception perhaps?

Justin

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
> Of Ulrich Herberg
> Sent: Monday, November 09, 2009 7:52 PM
> To: Thomas Heide Clausen
> Cc: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
> 
> Thomas,
> 
> On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 2:00 AM, Thomas Heide Clausen
> <ietf@thomasclausen.org> wrote:
> >[..]
> >> Assuming that's the "packet sequence numbers should be
> >> per interface, not per node/router to be useful" then
> >> yes. I'm not sure what the appropriate procedure is
> >> (errata to RFC 5444?).
> >>
> >
> > Unless I recall a really good reason for it being as it is in 5444,
> then I
> > agree with Chris. We talked earlier today and couldn't recall any
> > justifications, so it might just have slipped through the editing
> cracks
> > (drat!).
> >
> > Give me a couple of days after this IETF to dig through my archives
> of notes
> > - failing any discoveries, we issue an errata?
> 
> Yes, I think that should be considered. Using packet seq number per
> interface instead of per node should solve the problem.
> 
> Ulrich
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet




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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Wed Nov 11 02:14:02 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>
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> What happens when router receives msg A on int A, and discard
> because not being MPR. Then it receives msg A on int B, and discard
> because seen before on int A, but is MPR. MPR broken?

MPR is not broken. What happens is described in the
specification. That it works is proved in INRIA reports
on MPRs. Note that what matters with MPRs is not that
a destination X gets a message from a node Y that picked
it as an MPR, it's that it gets it at all. Getting it via
node Z is quite acceptable. (This is, incidentally, at the
heart of why flooding MPRs are per interface.)

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From teco@inf-net.nl  Wed Nov 11 03:10:44 2009
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To: "'Dearlove, Christopher \(UK\)'" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
References: <004a01ca60dc$a9e06ed0$fda14c70$@nl>	<200911090728.21198.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>	<ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D026B4826@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET>	<25c114b90911090217x4c4091e8oe3de0c5837a49826@mail.gmail.com>	<ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D026B48F0@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET>	<25c114b90911090511x312e6418qba14665fc4d52076@mail.gmail.com>	<007a01ca6149$65b09a60$3111cf20$@nl><25c114b90911090641l686a0a0re4c2add23c75092@mail.gmail.com><009e01ca614d$cceadac0$66c09040$@nl><81170054-FBFA-493E-AC5A-C62279D47815@thomasclausen.org><00a801ca6152$d6c46c50$844d44f0$@nl><AF6BBC89-A74A-466F-9CF2-A81A614A331B@thomasclausen.org> <00bb01ca6175$94a10950$bde31bf0$@nl> <ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D026EFF93@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET>
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You are right on thought experiment. Because I have reasons for this.
Can I afford repeating messages over a costly link? (pay per MB)
How to run a large OLSR domain with some small bandwidth links? 

What matters is prevent blocking future enhancements, that optimize
TC via those links. The building blocks in my thought experiment
are fast topology database synchronization after restart or merged 
networks and partial update TC messages (e.g. seq-num only).

I'm not sure on lost TC msg recovery. MPR selection prefers fewest 
relay nodes, at cost of potential high loss ratio (depending on 
LQ implementation, algorithm etc.). It is a choice between
more MPR redundancy or more robust transfer over lossy links.
For multicast I don't see much happen at L2 for this. So we could
define something. Not today :-) Neither block it.

Teco.


>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>Verzonden: woensdag 11 november 2009 18:52
>Aan: Teco Boot; Thomas Heide Clausen
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: RE: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>> For TCs, I prefer not incrementing the msg-seq-num for repeating,
>> identical messages.
>
>That does not work. The TC message sequence number is there
>to manage duplicates in flooding. Make it constant, and no
>second copy of a message will ever be delivered and the network
>will disintegrate.
>
>Freshness of information is in the ANSN. The message sequence
>number does a different job. NHDP/OLSRv2 are designed for
>unreliable networks. If you have a reliable network you may
>want to redesign, but I see no evidence that a reliable
>local broadcast mechanism is anything other than a thought
>experiment.
>
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
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> MPR selection prefers fewest relay nodes

Not so. MPR selection may be according to any algorithm that
creates a set with the required properties (loosely, coverage
of all strict two hop nodes). A small, or smallest, set is
generally a good idea, but if an operator has a better idea
he is free to use it.

(The example algorithm generally has - but is not guaranteed
to have - minimal properties. But it is not mandated in any way.)

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From philippe.jacquet@inria.fr  Wed Nov 11 03:45:48 2009
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From: jacquet <philippe.jacquet@inria.fr>
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Subject: Re: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
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I will add that the MPR selection gives all flexibilities according to =20=

interface performance, in particular when the interfaces show very =20
different performance between them or within them, as proposed in most =20=

Teco's examples.

Philippe
Le 11 nov. 09 =E0 12:15, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) a =E9crit :

>> MPR selection prefers fewest relay nodes
>
> Not so. MPR selection may be according to any algorithm that
> creates a set with the required properties (loosely, coverage
> of all strict two hop nodes). A small, or smallest, set is
> generally a good idea, but if an operator has a better idea
> he is free to use it.
>
> (The example algorithm generally has - but is not guaranteed
> to have - minimal properties. But it is not mandated in any way.)
>
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From teco@inf-net.nl  Wed Nov 11 03:49:25 2009
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Subject: [manet]  Default LQ and example MPR
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(passed to new thread)

I said "depending on algorithm", so I agree. But there 
is a large OLSRv1 community that complains on RFC default
behavior. 
In OLSRv2, the Link Quality defaults are "LQ disabled". This,
with the default / example MPR selection algorithm works the
way I meant.
We have here the same issue as link metrics: people implement
the RFC, test it (or run production immediately) and complain.

I am looking forward to text on ETX. Then, we have NLQ. With 
adding N2LQ in the hellos, we have more info for MPR selection 
for providing low loss.

Teco.

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>Verzonden: woensdag 11 november 2009 20:15
>Aan: Teco Boot
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: RE: [manet] NHDP: Link quality based on seq-num
>
>> MPR selection prefers fewest relay nodes
>
>Not so. MPR selection may be according to any algorithm that
>creates a set with the required properties (loosely, coverage
>of all strict two hop nodes). A small, or smallest, set is
>generally a good idea, but if an operator has a better idea
>he is free to use it.
>
>(The example algorithm generally has - but is not guaranteed
>to have - minimal properties. But it is not mandated in any way.)
>
>********************************************************************
>This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
>recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
>recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
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>********************************************************************


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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default LQ and example MPR
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> In OLSRv2, the Link Quality defaults are "LQ disabled". This,
> with the default / example MPR selection algorithm works the
> way I meant.

It is not the default, it is an example. Frankly, we've made a
lot of tools available for people who either have unusual
characteristics, or expertise to get more out of what they have.
(That's including link metrics. Yes, they aren't in place, but
they will be in OLSRv2, once we can actually get NHDP - whose
WGLC period is long over - out of the door to the IESG.) That's
the best we can do to cover the range of possibilities. If
people run unusual cases, and ignore all of this, there's not
much we can do about that.

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>   there's not much we can do about that.

Small adjustments may have large effects.
I suggest adjusting the defaults to:

===

14.4.  Updating Link Quality

   A router SHOULD update link quality based on any information available
   to it.  Particular cases that MAY be used include:

(skip)

15.4.  Link Quality Interface Parameters

   If link quality is changed, then parameter values will depend on the
   link quality process.  If link quality is not changed, then:

   o  HYST_ACCEPT := 0.8

   o  HYST_REJECT := 0.3

   o  INITIAL_QUALITY := 0.5

   o  INITIAL_PENDING := true

===

I'm fine with better defaults, whatever that may be.
It hasn't much meaning anyway, as there is no provided mechanism.
And the SHOULD above is a MUST. If LQ is not updated, the link is 
not used.


For an alternative MPR selection, this is not a small adjustment. 
I'll postpone to after seen ETX text.


Teco.


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Thread-Topic: [manet] Default LQ and example MPR
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default LQ and example MPR
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Default values of 0.8 and 0.3 are meaningless if you
haven't (and we neither can nor want to) define the
meaning of the scale. That's why we specifically
changed defaults from OLSRv1.

-- 
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: Teco Boot [mailto:teco@inf-net.nl] 
Sent: 11 November 2009 12:24
To: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] Default LQ and example MPR


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>   there's not much we can do about that.

Small adjustments may have large effects.
I suggest adjusting the defaults to:

===

14.4.  Updating Link Quality

   A router SHOULD update link quality based on any information
available
   to it.  Particular cases that MAY be used include:

(skip)

15.4.  Link Quality Interface Parameters

   If link quality is changed, then parameter values will depend on the
   link quality process.  If link quality is not changed, then:

   o  HYST_ACCEPT := 0.8

   o  HYST_REJECT := 0.3

   o  INITIAL_QUALITY := 0.5

   o  INITIAL_PENDING := true

===

I'm fine with better defaults, whatever that may be.
It hasn't much meaning anyway, as there is no provided mechanism.
And the SHOULD above is a MUST. If LQ is not updated, the link is 
not used.


For an alternative MPR selection, this is not a small adjustment. 
I'll postpone to after seen ETX text.


Teco.



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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Wed Nov 11 10:02:48 2009
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Unfortunately I couldn't make it to Hiroshima. All the best
with the meeting - I won't be particpating remotely, the
timezones really don't work. But the NHDP/OLSRv2 authorship
is represented, so that should be OK.

Hope to see you in Anaheim. By then I hope NHDP will be
with the RFC Editor and the OLSRv2 draft will have metrics
incorporated and be being reviewed.

-- 
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

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Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Mobile Ad-hoc Networks Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Definition of Managed Objects for the Neighborhood Discovery Protocol
	Author(s)       : U. Herberg, et al.
	Filename        : draft-ietf-manet-nhdp-mib-02.txt
	Pages           : 68
	Date            : 2009-11-11

This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
for use with network management protocols in the Internet community.
In particular, it describes objects for configuring aspects of the
Neighborhood Discovery Protocol (NHDP) process on a router.  The NHDP
MIB also reports state information, performance information and
notifications.  This additional state and performance information is
useful to management stations troubleshooting neighbor discovery
problems.

Status of This Memo

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From hamid.mukhtar@gmail.com  Wed Nov 11 21:31:35 2009
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Date: Thu, 12 Nov 2009 14:31:45 +0900
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Hi,

Here is the reference to the publication I talked about during the
meeting. I just got the reference yesterday and I am currently
reviewing it myself.

@InProceedings{CKC09,
 author =       "H. Choi and N. Kim and H. Cha",
 title =        "{6LoWPAN-SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol for
                6LoWPAN}",
 booktitle =    "Proc. 11th IEEE Conference on High Performance
                Computing and Communicatins",
 month =        jun,
 year =         "2009",
 publisher =    "IEEE",
}

SNMP is datagram oriented and we believe that the implementations can
be pretty lightweight.
We would also appreciate reviews and comments on our ID which covers
the applicability of SNMP for 6LoWPANs
(http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hamid-6lowpan-snmp-optimizations-02).

Thanks,
Hamid

From ulrich@herberg.name  Wed Nov 11 21:43:10 2009
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Hi,

as mentioned during my presentation of security extensions to packetbb
and NHDP, here are my drafts:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-packetbb-sec-02
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-threats-00.txt
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-00


Feel free to read them and give me comments.

Thanks
Ulrich

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Subject: [manet] Wireshark packet dissector for packetbb
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Hello,

my packetbb dissector for wireshark was just committed to the development=20
repository.

See https://bugs.wireshark.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3D4118 for details.

Henning Rogge

=2D-
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
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From teco@inf-net.nl  Thu Nov 12 16:45:22 2009
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Subject: [manet] DYMO implementations
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There is a list of DYMO implementations on http://ianchak.com/dymo/
6 versions are public. EK-DYMO seems to be private or dead.

http://http//www7.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/~sommer/omnet/ 
  should be:
http://www7.informatik.uni-erlangen.de/~sommer/omnet/

Question: are these updated to recent I-D version?

Teco.


From teco@inf-net.nl  Mon Nov 16 12:18:21 2009
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To: "'Ulrich Herberg'" <ulrich@herberg.name>, <manet@ietf.org>
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Hi Ulrich,

I'll comment on sec-threats first. This would line out what needs
to be done.

At first, I would like to distinguish networks that have L2 protection 
and those who have not. For the firsts, we could skip the whole thing.

Then, we want to know what to protect, and against who. Let's say we
have the good guys and the bad guys. The question is, do the bad guys
think the good guys are the bad guys? In other words, are there
multiple groups on the same medium? Do we want to separate those
with crypto? Or use some kind of identifier?

After more analysis of threats, I expect a demand for protecting packets,
not messages. Messages are updated along the path, only by the good guys.
For OLSR, there is only the hop-count and hop-limit being updated. For
DYMO, there is a lot more. Who knows what future brings.

Regards, Teco.


>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>Ulrich Herberg
>Verzonden: donderdag 12 november 2009 6:44
>Aan: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: [manet] Security drafts
>
>Hi,
>
>as mentioned during my presentation of security extensions to packetbb
>and NHDP, here are my drafts:
>
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-packetbb-sec-02
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-threats-00.txt
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-00
>
>
>Feel free to read them and give me comments.
>
>Thanks
>Ulrich
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon Nov 16 12:51:36 2009
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Date: Mon, 16 Nov 2009 21:51:28 +0100
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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Hi Teco,

thanks for your comments.

On Mon, Nov 16, 2009 at 9:17 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
> Hi Ulrich,
>
> I'll comment on sec-threats first. This would line out what needs
> to be done.
>
> At first, I would like to distinguish networks that have L2 protection
> and those who have not. For the firsts, we could skip the whole thing.

I disagree. L2 protection does not guarantee end-to-end
authentication. Consider an example where a router A receives a
forwarded TC (originator is router C) message from router B. If only
L2 security is used, router  A has no means to be sure that the
message really originates from C (because e.g. it does not know
whether there is an L2 protection between B and C).
But I agree with you that it could be worth mentioning L2 protection
in the draft, possibly explaining why it does not solve all problems
(notably end-to-end security).


> Then, we want to know what to protect, and against who. Let's say we
> have the good guys and the bad guys. The question is, do the bad guys
> think the good guys are the bad guys? In other words, are there
> multiple groups on the same medium? Do we want to separate those
> with crypto? Or use some kind of identifier?

First, keep in mind that in my framework the assumption is:
good guy == has a valid key to sign/validate messages
bad guy == does not have such a key

So, if there are some routers in a MANET that do not possess the right
key ("bad guy"), they are not able to sign messages correctly. Thus,
all HELLO/TC messages they send will be ignored by the "good guys".
Another issue is that several signatures can be added to a message in
the current specification. One thing I need to think about more is
what happens if part of these signatures are correct, and another part
is incorrect (or cannot be validated because the receiving router of
such a message does not have a valid key or does not know the
signature algorithm). Do we want to to enforce that _all_ signatures
must be valid, or is it sufficient that at least one signature is
valid? Or should we limit the number of signatures to one?


> After more analysis of threats, I expect a demand for protecting packets,
> not messages.

That would be like an L2 protection. Indeed, as an additional measure
that could be interesting to provide.

> Messages are updated along the path, only by the good guys.
> For OLSR, there is only the hop-count and hop-limit being updated. For
> DYMO, there is a lot more. Who knows what future brings.

Yes, as mentioned in the slides, I will have a closer look into DYMO
in order to understand the necessities of protecting DYMO.

Ulrich

>
> Regards, Teco.
>
>
>>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>>Ulrich Herberg
>>Verzonden: donderdag 12 november 2009 6:44
>>Aan: manet@ietf.org
>>Onderwerp: [manet] Security drafts
>>
>>Hi,
>>
>>as mentioned during my presentation of security extensions to packetbb
>>and NHDP, here are my drafts:
>>
>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-packetbb-sec-02
>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-threats-00.txt
>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-00
>>
>>
>>Feel free to read them and give me comments.
>>
>>Thanks
>>Ulrich
>>_______________________________________________
>>manet mailing list
>>manet@ietf.org
>>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>

From teco@inf-net.nl  Mon Nov 16 13:06:26 2009
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To: "'Dearlove, Christopher \(UK\)'" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
References: <004a01ca60dc$a9e06ed0$fda14c70$@nl>	<200911090728.21198.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>	<ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D026B4826@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET>	<25c114b90911090217x4c4091e8oe3de0c5837a49826@mail.gmail.com>	<ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D026B48F0@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET>	<25c114b90911090511x312e6418qba14665fc4d52076@mail.gmail.com>	<007a01ca6149$65b09a60$3111cf20$@nl><25c114b90911090641l686a0a0re4c2add23c75092@mail.gmail.com><009e01ca614d$cceadac0$66c09040$@nl><81170054-FBFA-493E-AC5A-C62279D47815@thomasclausen.org><00a801ca6152$d6c46c50$844d44f0$@nl><AF6BBC89-A74A-466F-9CF2-A81A614A331B@thomasclausen.org><00bb01ca6175$94a10950$bde31bf0$@nl><ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D026EFF93@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET> <022e01ca62bf$a664a610$f32df230$@nl> <ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D026F0062@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET> <024901ca62c5$0d896d30$289c4790$@nl> <ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D026F00D6@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET> <024f01ca62c9$ecdd38f0$c697aad0$@nl> <ABE739 C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B 719D026F0178@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default LQ and example MPR
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>Default values of 0.8 and 0.3 are meaningless if you
>haven't (and we neither can nor want to) define the
>meaning of the scale. That's why we specifically
>changed defaults from OLSRv1.

The LQ parameters are dimensionless. The OLSRv1 defaults are not 
that bad.


>>  A router SHOULD update link quality based on any information
>>  available

More important: the change from MAY to SHOULD. My experience is
that having LQ is crucial on those link types that are our primary
concern.


Teco.




From teco@inf-net.nl  Mon Nov 16 13:18:56 2009
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Hi Ulrich,

I ask for keeping things simple.

I don't believe in end-to-end security. Why are relayed messages
by bad guys interesting? Why a security mechanism, far more complex
than all what exists today, without a request for it?

One of the principles in security space is checking identity before
validating the authentication / integrity hash. Maybe the other node
is just member of another group. Is this principle history?

Teco.

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>Verzonden: maandag 16 november 2009 21:51
>Aan: Teco Boot
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
>
>Hi Teco,
>
>thanks for your comments.
>
>On Mon, Nov 16, 2009 at 9:17 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>> Hi Ulrich,
>>
>> I'll comment on sec-threats first. This would line out what needs
>> to be done.
>>
>> At first, I would like to distinguish networks that have L2 protection
>> and those who have not. For the firsts, we could skip the whole thing.
>
>I disagree. L2 protection does not guarantee end-to-end
>authentication. Consider an example where a router A receives a
>forwarded TC (originator is router C) message from router B. If only
>L2 security is used, router  A has no means to be sure that the
>message really originates from C (because e.g. it does not know
>whether there is an L2 protection between B and C).
>But I agree with you that it could be worth mentioning L2 protection
>in the draft, possibly explaining why it does not solve all problems
>(notably end-to-end security).
>
>
>> Then, we want to know what to protect, and against who. Let's say we
>> have the good guys and the bad guys. The question is, do the bad guys
>> think the good guys are the bad guys? In other words, are there
>> multiple groups on the same medium? Do we want to separate those
>> with crypto? Or use some kind of identifier?
>
>First, keep in mind that in my framework the assumption is:
>good guy == has a valid key to sign/validate messages
>bad guy == does not have such a key
>
>So, if there are some routers in a MANET that do not possess the right
>key ("bad guy"), they are not able to sign messages correctly. Thus,
>all HELLO/TC messages they send will be ignored by the "good guys".
>Another issue is that several signatures can be added to a message in
>the current specification. One thing I need to think about more is
>what happens if part of these signatures are correct, and another part
>is incorrect (or cannot be validated because the receiving router of
>such a message does not have a valid key or does not know the
>signature algorithm). Do we want to to enforce that _all_ signatures
>must be valid, or is it sufficient that at least one signature is
>valid? Or should we limit the number of signatures to one?
>
>
>> After more analysis of threats, I expect a demand for protecting
>packets,
>> not messages.
>
>That would be like an L2 protection. Indeed, as an additional measure
>that could be interesting to provide.
>
>> Messages are updated along the path, only by the good guys.
>> For OLSR, there is only the hop-count and hop-limit being updated. For
>> DYMO, there is a lot more. Who knows what future brings.
>
>Yes, as mentioned in the slides, I will have a closer look into DYMO
>in order to understand the necessities of protecting DYMO.
>
>Ulrich
>
>>
>> Regards, Teco.
>>
>>
>>>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>>>Ulrich Herberg
>>>Verzonden: donderdag 12 november 2009 6:44
>>>Aan: manet@ietf.org
>>>Onderwerp: [manet] Security drafts
>>>
>>>Hi,
>>>
>>>as mentioned during my presentation of security extensions to packetbb
>>>and NHDP, here are my drafts:
>>>
>>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-packetbb-sec-02
>>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-threats-00.txt
>>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-00
>>>
>>>
>>>Feel free to read them and give me comments.
>>>
>>>Thanks
>>>Ulrich
>>>_______________________________________________
>>>manet mailing list
>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>
>>


From ulrich@herberg.name  Tue Nov 17 01:00:02 2009
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Date: Tue, 17 Nov 2009 09:59:54 +0100
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Hi Teco,

On Mon, Nov 16, 2009 at 10:18 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
> Hi Ulrich,
>
> I ask for keeping things simple.

I think that my framework is very simple. But please, if you find any
possible simplifications in the framework (while preserving the same
security), point them out to me.

> I don't believe in end-to-end security.

What about IPsec, TLS, SSL, SSH? They are all end-to-end and widely
used. And coming back to your first comment, I believe that IPsec is
far more complicated than my proposed framework.

> Why are relayed messages
> by bad guys interesting?

Because if you do not have end-to-end security, you don't know whether
this message comes from a bad guy or not. The most you can say is that
the last hop (i.e. the router that relays a message) is a "good guy".

> Why a security mechanism, far more complex
> than all what exists today, without a request for it?

Why is it far more complex? I assume that if you add up the number of
pages of all IPsec RFCs, you would agree that my framework is not very
complex. (I know, IPsec serves another purpose... just for showing you
that my framework is not that complex).
Talking about "a request for it". I have heard from several members of
the WG that they are interested in such security. As soon as MANET
routing protocols will be used outside of testbeds, I think that we
need some security.


> One of the principles in security space is checking identity before
> validating the authentication / integrity hash. Maybe the other node
> is just member of another group. Is this principle history?

No, it is not. This is exactly what my framework does. The identity of
a message originator is checked first, before the integrity of the
message is verified. Maybe I should that make clearer in the text,
though. I will soon release a new version of the drafts, including all
comments that I get from the mailing list.

Thanks
Ulrich

>
>
>>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>>Verzonden: maandag 16 november 2009 21:51
>>Aan: Teco Boot
>>CC: manet@ietf.org
>>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
>>
>>Hi Teco,
>>
>>thanks for your comments.
>>
>>On Mon, Nov 16, 2009 at 9:17 PM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>> Hi Ulrich,
>>>
>>> I'll comment on sec-threats first. This would line out what needs
>>> to be done.
>>>
>>> At first, I would like to distinguish networks that have L2 protection
>>> and those who have not. For the firsts, we could skip the whole thing.
>>
>>I disagree. L2 protection does not guarantee end-to-end
>>authentication. Consider an example where a router A receives a
>>forwarded TC (originator is router C) message from router B. If only
>>L2 security is used, router =A0A has no means to be sure that the
>>message really originates from C (because e.g. it does not know
>>whether there is an L2 protection between B and C).
>>But I agree with you that it could be worth mentioning L2 protection
>>in the draft, possibly explaining why it does not solve all problems
>>(notably end-to-end security).
>>
>>
>>> Then, we want to know what to protect, and against who. Let's say we
>>> have the good guys and the bad guys. The question is, do the bad guys
>>> think the good guys are the bad guys? In other words, are there
>>> multiple groups on the same medium? Do we want to separate those
>>> with crypto? Or use some kind of identifier?
>>
>>First, keep in mind that in my framework the assumption is:
>>good guy =3D=3D has a valid key to sign/validate messages
>>bad guy =3D=3D does not have such a key
>>
>>So, if there are some routers in a MANET that do not possess the right
>>key ("bad guy"), they are not able to sign messages correctly. Thus,
>>all HELLO/TC messages they send will be ignored by the "good guys".
>>Another issue is that several signatures can be added to a message in
>>the current specification. One thing I need to think about more is
>>what happens if part of these signatures are correct, and another part
>>is incorrect (or cannot be validated because the receiving router of
>>such a message does not have a valid key or does not know the
>>signature algorithm). Do we want to to enforce that _all_ signatures
>>must be valid, or is it sufficient that at least one signature is
>>valid? Or should we limit the number of signatures to one?
>>
>>
>>> After more analysis of threats, I expect a demand for protecting
>>packets,
>>> not messages.
>>
>>That would be like an L2 protection. Indeed, as an additional measure
>>that could be interesting to provide.
>>
>>> Messages are updated along the path, only by the good guys.
>>> For OLSR, there is only the hop-count and hop-limit being updated. For
>>> DYMO, there is a lot more. Who knows what future brings.
>>
>>Yes, as mentioned in the slides, I will have a closer look into DYMO
>>in order to understand the necessities of protecting DYMO.
>>
>>Ulrich
>>
>>>
>>> Regards, Teco.
>>>
>>>
>>>>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>>>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
>>>>Ulrich Herberg
>>>>Verzonden: donderdag 12 november 2009 6:44
>>>>Aan: manet@ietf.org
>>>>Onderwerp: [manet] Security drafts
>>>>
>>>>Hi,
>>>>
>>>>as mentioned during my presentation of security extensions to packetbb
>>>>and NHDP, here are my drafts:
>>>>
>>>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-packetbb-sec-02
>>>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-threats-00.txt
>>>>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-00
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>Feel free to read them and give me comments.
>>>>
>>>>Thanks
>>>>Ulrich
>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>manet mailing list
>>>>manet@ietf.org
>>>>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>>>
>>>
>
>

From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Tue Nov 17 01:12:51 2009
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On Tue November 17 2009 09:59:54 Ulrich Herberg wrote:
> > Hi Ulrich,
> >
> > I ask for keeping things simple.
>=20
> I think that my framework is very simple. But please, if you find any
> possible simplifications in the framework (while preserving the same
> security), point them out to me.
>=20
> > I don't believe in end-to-end security.
>=20
> What about IPsec, TLS, SSL, SSH? They are all end-to-end and widely
> used. And coming back to your first comment, I believe that IPsec is
> far more complicated than my proposed framework.
I think we must differentiate between "internal" and "external" attackers.

External attackers are much easier to defend against. They don't have acces=
s=20
to a part of your cryptographic data and are not allowed to participate in=
=20
your network. You can use a link-layer authentication and encryption to kee=
p=20
an external attacker out of your network.

Internal attackers are much more difficult to defend against. They are usin=
g a=20
legal node of your network as a starting platform for their attacks. Becaus=
e=20
of this they are able to inject traffic into your network and read much of =
the=20
internal state of the routing. You need mesh-wide authentication and end-to-
end encryption to have SOME defense against an internal attacker.

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Default LQ and example MPR
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The MAY to SHOULD thing is a tricky one. Personally I would
agree that you should (lower case should). But back when this 
was put together, there were some opinions not wanting to use
link quality, and the MAY, together with other wordings (noting
that if link quality never changes you don't need to record it)
was a compromise that kept consensus. I'd rather not re-open
that, despite personally being happy with SHOULD.

There is also an argument that this is not an interoperability
issue, it's entirely local to a router and is a quality of
implementation issue, and those don't need to be stressed as
strongly.

-- 
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: Teco Boot [mailto:teco@inf-net.nl] 
Sent: 16 November 2009 21:06
To: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
Cc: manet@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [manet] Default LQ and example MPR


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>Default values of 0.8 and 0.3 are meaningless if you
>haven't (and we neither can nor want to) define the
>meaning of the scale. That's why we specifically
>changed defaults from OLSRv1.

The LQ parameters are dimensionless. The OLSRv1 defaults are not 
that bad.


>>  A router SHOULD update link quality based on any information
>>  available

More important: the change from MAY to SHOULD. My experience is
that having LQ is crucial on those link types that are our primary
concern.


Teco.





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From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 17 01:33:19 2009
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From: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
To: "'Ulrich Herberg'" <ulrich@herberg.name>, "'Henning Rogge'" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>, <manet@ietf.org>
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Let's start with the basic stuff, protection against external attackers,
where we are in an open network (no L2 security).
I think we shall use packet authentication only, this will work for all
packetBB protocols. Having this, we don't need more for 1-hop messages,
like NHDP and DYMO.
Before we work on more complex cases, I want to see the threat analysis
and need for protecting messages, I don't get it now.

I did not see practical end-to-end security for any routing protocol=20
before. I can tell I've seen a lot of those. Do we accept a message from
a bad guy, when the message looks OK?

On IPsec: it is reasonably easy to deploy. This is very different for
protecting routing protocols. Key management is mostly pain in the ass.
This is for group key management in general.=20
Let's see what happens with KARP.

Teco.

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Henning Rogge [mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de]
>Verzonden: dinsdag 17 november 2009 10:13
>Aan: manet@ietf.org
>CC: Ulrich Herberg; Teco Boot
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
>
>On Tue November 17 2009 09:59:54 Ulrich Herberg wrote:
>> > Hi Ulrich,
>> >
>> > I ask for keeping things simple.
>>
>> I think that my framework is very simple. But please, if you find any
>> possible simplifications in the framework (while preserving the same
>> security), point them out to me.
>>
>> > I don't believe in end-to-end security.
>>
>> What about IPsec, TLS, SSL, SSH? They are all end-to-end and widely
>> used. And coming back to your first comment, I believe that IPsec is
>> far more complicated than my proposed framework.
>I think we must differentiate between "internal" and "external"
>attackers.
>
>External attackers are much easier to defend against. They don't have
>access
>to a part of your cryptographic data and are not allowed to participate
>in
>your network. You can use a link-layer authentication and encryption to
>keep
>an external attacker out of your network.
>
>Internal attackers are much more difficult to defend against. They are
>using a
>legal node of your network as a starting platform for their attacks.
>Because
>of this they are able to inject traffic into your network and read much
>of the
>internal state of the routing. You need mesh-wide authentication and
>end-to-
>end encryption to have SOME defense against an internal attacker.
>
>Henning Rogge
>
>--
>Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
>Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
>Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
>Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
>Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
>mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
>GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0


From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Tue Nov 17 01:39:49 2009
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> At first, I would like to distinguish networks that have L2 protection

> and those who have not. For the firsts, we could skip the whole thing.

Not necessarily so.

Consider for example an 802.11 network with what is, in effect, a
shared secret key across the network. I may find that security worth
having (it's there, use it, and it has some other advantages) but not
sufficient. I want to add some L3 security that improves on it, with
individual keys.

>From an L3 point of view, yes, in some systems L3 security may not be
needed. But it's not as simple as that just being having L2 security.

> After more analysis of threats, I expect a demand for protecting
packets,
> not messages.

In OLSR, protecting messages gives end to end security, while protecting
packets gives hop by hop security. There can be some advantages in the
former.

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Tue Nov 17 01:45:05 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
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> I don't believe in end-to-end security.

But others do. And we want mechanisms for those that do.

> Why are relayed messages by bad guys interesting?

I would ask why relayed messages by bad guys could be harmful.
And I can do that.

> Why a security mechanism, far more complex
> than all what exists today, without a request for it?

How do you know who's requested what? Maybe the people working
here have other people behind them who want such things but
don't go round discussing their specific needs. The intent of
the draft is a framework which can be used to do many things.

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Thanks, we need such analysis in a threats draft.
Teco.

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>Verzonden: dinsdag 17 november 2009 10:40
>Aan: Teco Boot; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>
>> At first, I would like to distinguish networks that have L2 protection
>
>> and those who have not. For the firsts, we could skip the whole thing.
>
>Not necessarily so.
>
>Consider for example an 802.11 network with what is, in effect, a
>shared secret key across the network. I may find that security worth
>having (it's there, use it, and it has some other advantages) but not
>sufficient. I want to add some L3 security that improves on it, with
>individual keys.
>
>From an L3 point of view, yes, in some systems L3 security may not be
>needed. But it's not as simple as that just being having L2 security.
>
>> After more analysis of threats, I expect a demand for protecting
>packets,
>> not messages.
>
>In OLSR, protecting messages gives end to end security, while protecting
>packets gives hop by hop security. There can be some advantages in the
>former.
>
>********************************************************************
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From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 17 01:52:43 2009
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What to do when a bad guy strips authentication, manipulates and forward?
And adjust hop-count / hop-limit and forward?
I ask this, for being included in the threats draft.

We need a document on specific needs.

Teco.

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>Verzonden: dinsdag 17 november 2009 10:45
>Aan: Teco Boot; Ulrich Herberg
>CC: manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>
>> I don't believe in end-to-end security.
>
>But others do. And we want mechanisms for those that do.
>
>> Why are relayed messages by bad guys interesting?
>
>I would ask why relayed messages by bad guys could be harmful.
>And I can do that.
>
>> Why a security mechanism, far more complex
>> than all what exists today, without a request for it?
>
>How do you know who's requested what? Maybe the people working
>here have other people behind them who want such things but
>don't go round discussing their specific needs. The intent of
>the draft is a framework which can be used to do many things.
>
>********************************************************************
>This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
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>********************************************************************


From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Tue Nov 17 01:53:04 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>, "Henning Rogge" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>, <manet@ietf.org>
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> I think we shall use packet authentication only, this will work for
all
> packetBB protocols.

OK, here's one specific example of the advantage of end to end security
over hop by hop security used for something like TC messages in OLSR.

I'm a bad guy. I capture node X and have access to its internals.

End to end, I can forge messages from node X. Not good.

Hop by hop, I can forge messages from any node, as forwarded by node X.
Even worse.

My point is not that that's the only reason, but it is an illustration
of how end to end and hop by hop are different. And some people want
the end to end.

Note that had you been arguing to keep end to end and not have hop by
hop I'd have disagreed with that too. As a "toolbox" draft, we want
hammers and screwdrivers.

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From ulrich@herberg.name  Tue Nov 17 02:00:05 2009
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Teco,

On Tue, Nov 17, 2009 at 10:52 AM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
> What to do when a bad guy strips authentication, manipulates and forward?

In that case, the bad guy is not able to sign the message again
(remember: "bad guy" == guy who does not possess a valid key). The
forwarded message will thus be ignored by routers receiving such a
forged message.

> And adjust hop-count / hop-limit and forward?
> I ask this, for being included in the threats draft.
>
> We need a document on specific needs.

I will definitely rework the threats draft to include some more
explanations, such as an explanation why we need end-to-end security.
This will be particularly important for the upcoming
OLSRv2-sec-threats document.

Ulrich


>
> Teco.
>
>>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>>Van: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>>Verzonden: dinsdag 17 november 2009 10:45
>>Aan: Teco Boot; Ulrich Herberg
>>CC: manet@ietf.org
>>Onderwerp: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>>
>>> I don't believe in end-to-end security.
>>
>>But others do. And we want mechanisms for those that do.
>>
>>> Why are relayed messages by bad guys interesting?
>>
>>I would ask why relayed messages by bad guys could be harmful.
>>And I can do that.
>>
>>> Why a security mechanism, far more complex
>>> than all what exists today, without a request for it?
>>
>>How do you know who's requested what? Maybe the people working
>>here have other people behind them who want such things but
>>don't go round discussing their specific needs. The intent of
>>the draft is a framework which can be used to do many things.
>>
>>********************************************************************
>>This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
>>recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
>>recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
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>>********************************************************************
>
>

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> What to do when a bad guy strips authentication, manipulates and
forward?

If we're running in a network with authentication, any unauthenticated
message will get dropped, so unless I'm missing the point of the
example,
that's OK.

> And adjust hop-count / hop-limit and forward?

That can be an issue. (I assume we're considering authentication that
excludes there, and an attacker that just adjusts these.) I can see
more than one attack that way.

One possible counter to that - I'm not recommending it, I'm just
noting it - is applying both end to end and hop by hop authentication,
as the latter will cover hop count and limit. There's another form of
counter discussed in the SMF draft I believe.

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Date: Tue, 17 Nov 2009 11:08:57 +0100
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
To: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
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Chris,

On Tue, Nov 17, 2009 at 11:02 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>[...]
>
>> And adjust hop-count / hop-limit and forward?
>
> That can be an issue. (I assume we're considering authentication that
> excludes there, and an attacker that just adjusts these.) I can see
> more than one attack that way.
>
> One possible counter to that - I'm not recommending it, I'm just
> noting it - is applying both end to end and hop by hop authentication,
> as the latter will cover hop count and limit. There's another form of
> counter discussed in the SMF draft I believe.

Yes, indeed, that can be an issue which needs to be discussed, since
hop-count and hop-limit fields are blanked (set to 0) before signing
the message (in the upcoming OLSRv2-sec draft)

Ulrich

From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 17 02:26:13 2009
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>Note that had you been arguing to keep end to end and not have hop by
>hop I'd have disagreed with that too. As a "toolbox" draft, we want
>hammers and screwdrivers.

I am not against a tool-box.
I say: keep it simple, especially start with the simple case.
Agreed that protecting packets works OK for NHDP, DYMO and the
basics for OLSR?

I have my thoughts on signature checks, this needs some form of PKI.
Not really candidate for an ad hoc network.

Teco.




From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 17 02:30:56 2009
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>> What to do when a bad guy strips authentication, manipulates and
>forward?
>
>If we're running in a network with authentication, any unauthenticated
>message will get dropped, so unless I'm missing the point of the
>example,
>that's OK.

I didn't read unprotected packets are dropped on the floor. This could
be a mode of operation. 
I had the other mode in mind, then the bad guy injects false information
with unprotected messages.
Also to be included in the threats document.

Teco.



From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Tue Nov 17 02:36:01 2009
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> Agreed that protecting packets works OK for NHDP, DYMO and the
> basics for OLSR?

As end to end may be superior, I would not agree with excluding it.

> I have my thoughts on signature checks, this needs some form of PKI.
> Not really candidate for an ad hoc network.

Various people, including the authors of this draft, and maybe
ourselves, have some ideas as to what one might do. Whether they
involve PKI may depend on how you define that term. (Actually if
the I stands for infrastructure then they may well not be PKI.)
But also maybe we aren't going to discuss our thoughts right now.
But they may well fit in a good general framework.

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From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Tue Nov 17 02:40:16 2009
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On Tue November 17 2009 11:35:57 Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> > Agreed that protecting packets works OK for NHDP, DYMO and the
> > basics for OLSR?
>=20
> As end to end may be superior, I would not agree with excluding it.
I agree to this, we must not exclude end to end security.

"End to end" and "link based" security have different goal, and there are n=
ot=20
even  mutual exclusive !

So discussing BOTH of them is important in my oppinion.

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>
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> I didn't read unprotected packets are dropped on the floor.

There's no point in not giving unprotected packets a hard time.
The easiest hard time is just to drop them, and in systems I'd
be most interested in, that would be the right thing to do.

There could be possibilities in, for example, recording both
authenticated and unauthenticated messages and doing some sort
of "only use unauthenticated when no authenticated is known".
But that would be quite a bit of work to get to be safe (in the
sense of e.g. not looping in a routing protocol) and you'd have
to have a real use case to make that work worthwhile. In the
absence of such a case, dropping is the way to go.

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Tue Nov 17 02:42:21 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Henning Rogge" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
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I think I made the same point elsewhere. But just in case not,
to be clear, yes, we should have a framework that handles using
one, the other, or both together.

--=20
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: Henning Rogge [mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de]=20
Sent: 17 November 2009 10:40
To: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
Cc: Teco Boot; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts

On Tue November 17 2009 11:35:57 Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> > Agreed that protecting packets works OK for NHDP, DYMO and the
> > basics for OLSR?
>=20
> As end to end may be superior, I would not agree with excluding it.
I agree to this, we must not exclude end to end security.

"End to end" and "link based" security have different goal, and there are n=
ot=20
even  mutual exclusive !

So discussing BOTH of them is important in my oppinion.

Henning Rogge

--=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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On Tue November 17 2009 11:40:35 Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> > I didn't read unprotected packets are dropped on the floor.
>=20
> There's no point in not giving unprotected packets a hard time.
> The easiest hard time is just to drop them, and in systems I'd
> be most interested in, that would be the right thing to do.
>=20
> There could be possibilities in, for example, recording both
> authenticated and unauthenticated messages and doing some sort
> of "only use unauthenticated when no authenticated is known".
> But that would be quite a bit of work to get to be safe (in the
> sense of e.g. not looping in a routing protocol) and you'd have
> to have a real use case to make that work worthwhile. In the
> absence of such a case, dropping is the way to go.
We could regard non-signed messages as "second class citizens" so that fore=
ign=20
nodes can join a secured network without disrupting it. This would be simil=
ar=20
to having multiple routing tables, one for the secure network part and one =
for=20
the rest of it.

Of course unsigned messages for nodes we know signing messages should be=20
ignored.

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 17 03:00:11 2009
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>I think I made the same point elsewhere. But just in case not,
>to be clear, yes, we should have a framework that handles using
>one, the other, or both together.

I think the postings provide useful input for improving the security
drafts. This was my intention. I'm looking forward to updated versions.

Thanks, Teco




From ulrich@herberg.name  Tue Nov 17 03:03:01 2009
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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On Tue, Nov 17, 2009 at 11:59 AM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>I think I made the same point elsewhere. But just in case not,
>>to be clear, yes, we should have a framework that handles using
>>one, the other, or both together.
>
> I think the postings provide useful input for improving the security
> drafts. This was my intention. I'm looking forward to updated versions.

Indeed, thanks a lot for all the comments. I will work on updated
versions of the drafts.

Ulrich

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On Tue, 2009-11-17 at 10:12 +0100, Henning Rogge wrote:
> On Tue November 17 2009 09:59:54 Ulrich Herberg wrote:
> > > Hi Ulrich,

> > 
> > > I don't believe in end-to-end security.

End-end security is the ONLY long term solution to content security.
Infrastructure protection only protects infrastructure.  
> > 
> 
> External attackers are much easier to defend against. They don't have access 
> to a part of your cryptographic data and are not allowed to participate in 
> your network. You can use a link-layer authentication and encryption to keep 
> an external attacker out of your network.
> 
> Internal attackers are much more difficult to defend against. 

This is the problem to focus on.  For all practical purposes, we have to
assume that everybody -- Bad Guys included -- is on the internet.
They're all insiders.  ... or will be in due time.  

> > What about IPsec, TLS, SSL, SSH? 

	- all are end-end as far as the internet is concerned.
	- IPsec's scope is single enclave, TLS/SSL scope is single TCP
connection.  The shortcomings here are that there's lots of untrusted OS
software out there that sees unprotected data.  SSH (and more elegantly,
S/MIME) are more completely end-end.  But.... all is outside of scope
for this group.  

End-end security is absolutely necessary.  But again, probably outside
scope for MANET.


-- 
Rex Buddenberg
Naval Postgraduate School
Code IS/Bu
Monterey, Ca 93943
831/656-3576


From ulrich@herberg.name  Tue Nov 17 10:00:59 2009
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Date: Tue, 17 Nov 2009 19:00:52 +0100
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
To: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>
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Rex,

On Tue, Nov 17, 2009 at 6:44 PM, Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil> wrote=
:
>> > > I don't believe in end-to-end security.
>
> End-end security is the ONLY long term solution to content security.
> Infrastructure protection only protects infrastructure.

Yes, end-to-end protection is very important.

>> >
>>
>> External attackers are much easier to defend against. They don't have ac=
cess
>> to a part of your cryptographic data and are not allowed to participate =
in
>> your network. You can use a link-layer authentication and encryption to =
keep
>> an external attacker out of your network.
>>
>> Internal attackers are much more difficult to defend against.
>
> This is the problem to focus on. =A0For all practical purposes, we have t=
o
> assume that everybody -- Bad Guys included -- is on the internet.
> They're all insiders. =A0... or will be in due time.
>
>> > What about IPsec, TLS, SSL, SSH?
>
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0- all are end-end as far as the internet is concerned.
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0- IPsec's scope is single enclave, TLS/SSL scope is single=
 TCP
> connection. =A0The shortcomings here are that there's lots of untrusted O=
S
> software out there that sees unprotected data. =A0SSH (and more elegantly=
,
> S/MIME) are more completely end-end. =A0But.... all is outside of scope
> for this group.

Yes, I agree they are out of scope for MANET WG.

>
> End-end security is absolutely necessary. =A0But again, probably outside
> scope for MANET.

But do you think that the proposed framework is in scope for MANET?

Ulrich

From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Tue Nov 17 22:45:57 2009
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On Tue November 17 2009 19:00:52 Ulrich Herberg wrote:
> > End-end security is absolutely necessary.  But again, probably outside
> > scope for MANET.
>=20
> But do you think that the proposed framework is in scope for MANET?
Could we maybe agree that "mesh-wide" routing security (and not only hop-by-
hop) is in scope for MANET ?

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
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From teco@inf-net.nl  Tue Nov 17 23:05:20 2009
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>> > End-end security is absolutely necessary.  But again, probably
>outside
>> > scope for MANET.
>>
>> But do you think that the proposed framework is in scope for MANET?
>Could we maybe agree that "mesh-wide" routing security (and not only
>hop-by-
>hop) is in scope for MANET ?

Yes, I agree the scope is limited to mesh or better: MANET protocol.
Question is: handling security hop by hop, with for example shared key?
I think: this perfectly fits NHDP, DYMO (all DV protocols) and the basics
of OLSR. Then the question is: do we need more? Some say so, so we can go
for it. But this can be a huge effort to deploy, especially in MANETs.
That is the reason I am conservative on this. One important principle
in security is: minimize (keep it simple and robust).

Teco.


From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Wed Nov 18 00:02:42 2009
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On Wed November 18 2009 08:05:13 Teco Boot wrote:
> Yes, I agree the scope is limited to mesh or better: MANET protocol.
> Question is: handling security hop by hop, with for example shared key?
Working with a shared key does not do routing security. Defending against a=
n=20
externel attacker can be done with Layer-2 security (link encryption).

> I think: this perfectly fits NHDP, DYMO (all DV protocols) and the basics
> of OLSR. Then the question is: do we need more?
Routing attacks on NHDP from inside the network are based on forged NHDP=20
messages. You cannot prevent an attack like this with a shared group key.

> Some say so, so we can go
> for it. But this can be a huge effort to deploy, especially in MANETs.
Yes, finding a good tradeoff between security and performance in not easy.

> That is the reason I am conservative on this. One important principle
> in security is: minimize (keep it simple and robust).
Simple and robust, yes... minimize ? Hmm...

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
To: Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
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Teco

On Wed, Nov 18, 2009 at 8:05 AM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>> > End-end security is absolutely necessary. =A0But again, probably
>>outside
>>> > scope for MANET.
>>>
>>> But do you think that the proposed framework is in scope for MANET?
>>Could we maybe agree that "mesh-wide" routing security (and not only
>>hop-by-
>>hop) is in scope for MANET ?
>
> Yes, I agree the scope is limited to mesh or better: MANET protocol.
> Question is: handling security hop by hop, with for example shared key?
> I think: this perfectly fits NHDP, DYMO (all DV protocols) and the basics
> of OLSR. Then the question is: do we need more? Some say so, so we can go
> for it. But this can be a huge effort to deploy, especially in MANETs.
> That is the reason I am conservative on this. One important principle
> in security is: minimize (keep it simple and robust).

I agree with you that we should keep it simple. However, in order to
achieve robustness of the security solution, we need end-to-end
protection. Otherwise, many security attacks will still be possible,
and we would not gain much. Just to give to an example: How would you
avoid identity spoofing and link spoofing of TC messages when not
using end-to-end protection? A router that receives a TC message has
no means of telling whether that message is "good" or "bad". That
router only knows that it is forwarded from a "good" relay, but
nothing about the originator.

Ulrich

From teco@inf-net.nl  Wed Nov 18 06:59:44 2009
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To: "'Ulrich Herberg'" <ulrich@herberg.name>
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Hi,

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Ulrich Herberg [mailto:ulrich@herberg.name]
>Verzonden: woensdag 18 november 2009 9:08
>Aan: Teco Boot
>CC: Henning Rogge; Rex Buddenberg; manet@ietf.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
>
>Teco
>
>On Wed, Nov 18, 2009 at 8:05 AM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>>> > End-end security is absolutely necessary. =A0But again, probably
>>>outside
>>>> > scope for MANET.
>>>>
>>>> But do you think that the proposed framework is in scope for MANET?
>>>Could we maybe agree that "mesh-wide" routing security (and not only
>>>hop-by-
>>>hop) is in scope for MANET ?
>>
>> Yes, I agree the scope is limited to mesh or better: MANET protocol.
>> Question is: handling security hop by hop, with for example shared
>key?
>> I think: this perfectly fits NHDP, DYMO (all DV protocols) and the
>basics
>> of OLSR. Then the question is: do we need more? Some say so, so we =
can
>go
>> for it. But this can be a huge effort to deploy, especially in =
MANETs.
>> That is the reason I am conservative on this. One important principle
>> in security is: minimize (keep it simple and robust).
>
>I agree with you that we should keep it simple. However, in order to
>achieve robustness of the security solution, we need end-to-end
>protection.=20

Please use other wording. Maybe you meant multi-hop router to router.
This is not (always) end-to-end.


>    Otherwise, many security attacks will still be possible,
>and we would not gain much. Just to give to an example: How would you
>avoid identity spoofing and link spoofing of TC messages when not
>using end-to-end protection?

The bad guy cannot spoof, if not having the pre-shared key.
Protecting the pre-shared key could be problematic. Group-key
updates in a MANET is also difficult. Black list distribution=20
is another problem.
Because you left out key management, we can't discuss this in
detail.


> A router that receives a TC message has
>no means of telling whether that message is "good" or "bad". That
>router only knows that it is forwarded from a "good" relay, but
>nothing about the originator.

It is all about trust. If the TC has traveled only trusted neighbors,
what is the problem? Yes, how do we know a node somewhat far away
did not invalidate the TC, but the TC was malformed? But what is
the problem here, the network is affected by this misbehaving node
already?
You may come up with a scenario, where invalidating such messages
is important. But I think the costs for this is extremely high and
the benefit is low. I say: shoot down this invalid TC near to the
place where it was get corrupted. Every hop it took after that is
a hop too far.


Teco.




From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Wed Nov 18 09:25:24 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>
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> Please use other wording. Maybe you meant multi-hop router to router.
> This is not (always) end-to-end.

If an OLSR router creates a TC message, which travels (as a TC
message, but in different packets) multiple hops to another
OLSR router, and the receiving OLSR router verifies that the
originating OLSR router did create that message (assuming no
failure of the security mechanism) then that is end to end
with regard to that message. It's not end to end with regard
to host applications attached to those routers of course. But
within the RFC 5444 context, end to end is a reasonable way
to view it. It's not my document, so what wording it should
use I'm not fussed by, whether it uses end to end (but could
note what that means - basically RFC 5444 message generating
end to RFC 5444 message processing end) or something else.

> The bad guy cannot spoof, if not having the pre-shared key.

Pre-shared key is an assumption that we do not all share. But
the point of the framework is that pre-shared key is an option.
But only an option.

> Because you left out key management, we can't discuss this in
> detail.

The point is to make this independent of that. If A and B have
a security association such that if A signs a message then B
will be able to tell that the signature is valid, one part of
the problem is to enable that signature to be attached to that
message and delivered with it. How the security association is
set up is (as far as concerned here) Somebody Else's Problem.

> It is all about trust. If the TC has traveled only trusted neighbors,
> what is the problem?

Is trust transitive? I know in my early days at the IETF I sat in
a meeting, of I now know not what WG, where two people were arguing
past each other, and that was because one would have answered that
question no and the other would have said partly.

> You may come up with a scenario, where invalidating such messages
> is important. But I think the costs for this is extremely high and
> the benefit is low. I say: shoot down this invalid TC near to the
> place where it was get corrupted. Every hop it took after that is
> a hop too far.

That may stop me getting some messages. And that may be a good idea.
But it still leaves me with a chain of verifications I may choose not
to accept, I'd rather have it from the horse's mouth.

Here's just one reason why. Suppose a bad guy (TM) manages to spoof
being node A. (Note that I'm not using a single shared key - and
yes, I can do that - so the bad guy can't directly pretend to be
anyone without information I'm not even going to put in the MANET.)
Then with end to end signatures all he can do is create messages
claiming to be from node A. But with hop by hop signatures he can
create and inject message claiming to be from nodes B to Z. Even if
I work out that A is not to be trusted, I'm left with a mess of I
don't know what is trustworthy or not. With the end to end I know
what came from or about A, and I can bin that, and the rest of
the stuff is still good.

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From ietf@thomasclausen.org  Wed Nov 18 09:38:09 2009
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On Nov 18, 2009, at 6:25 PM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:

>> Please use other wording. Maybe you meant multi-hop router to router.
>> This is not (always) end-to-end.
>
> If an OLSR router creates a TC message, which travels (as a TC
> message, but in different packets) multiple hops to another
> OLSR router, and the receiving OLSR router verifies that the
> originating OLSR router did create that message (assuming no
> failure of the security mechanism) then that is end to end
> with regard to that message. It's not end to end with regard
> to host applications attached to those routers of course. But
> within the RFC 5444 context, end to end is a reasonable way
> to view it. It's not my document, so what wording it should
> use I'm not fussed by, whether it uses end to end (but could
> note what that means - basically RFC 5444 message generating
> end to RFC 5444 message processing end) or something else.

I think you are both right here, Teco, Chris - this is a matter which  
we need to be clear on in the document(s). Thanks for bringing it to  
our attention.


>> The bad guy cannot spoof, if not having the pre-shared key.
>
> Pre-shared key is an assumption that we do not all share. But
> the point of the framework is that pre-shared key is an option.
> But only an option.

It is *an* option that  provides something different than e.g.  
asymmetric keys - e.g. identity verification. The point is, that these  
I-Ds shall not make a position (at this juncture) on which is "the  
way" but rather try to frame as much as possible as common ground for  
both.

>> Because you left out key management, we can't discuss this in
>> detail.
>
> The point is to make this independent of that. If A and B have
> a security association such that if A signs a message then B
> will be able to tell that the signature is valid, one part of
> the problem is to enable that signature to be attached to that
> message and delivered with it. How the security association is
> set up is (as far as concerned here) Somebody Else's Problem.

I agree. As far as these I-Ds are concerned, this is a SEP. I know of  
deployments where there is a long tradition of out-of-band key  
distribution (ever bought a car? what did the dealer hand you when you  
handed him the cheque? :) )-- and others where this is unacceptable.

I believe that it is recognized that both the choice of cryptographic  
system and key management is very deployment specific. What we should  
be trying to do in these I-Ds is to discuss the common set of things  
that can be accomplished, assuming that the SEP is indeed handled by  
Somebody Else ;)

<SNIP>

But all good, and thanks for the discussions on these matters - keep  
'em coming.

Thomas

From ulrich@herberg.name  Wed Nov 18 13:10:35 2009
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Date: Wed, 18 Nov 2009 22:10:23 +0100
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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Subject: [manet] SNMP optimizations
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Hi,

I am sending this message to the 6lowpan, ROLL and MANET mailing list,
since I think this topic concerns all three working groups, and I am
not sure in which WG this is to be tackled.

During the MANET WG meeting and also during an OLSRv2 Interop
workshop, we had discussions about SNMP deployments in such ad-hoc
networks we are dealing with. The issue that was raised (and which is
also described in draft-hamid-6lowpan-snmp-optimizations) is that SNMP
may be too memory-/CPU-/bandwidth-consuming for low-power devices.
However, a solution for monitoring and management of these devices is
desired (and also required by IETF). The before-mentioned draft
describes very well how to optimize SNMP for running it on 6lowpan
devices, and shows that the SNMP payload can fit into 6lowpan packets.
However, it is unclear whether the code footprint of SNMP
implementations can fit into the memory of small devices. From
discussions with several persons from the MANET WG, I conclude that
for MANET the same problem exists. (and I think for ROLL, too?)

I have several questions that came to my mind about this topic:

- First of all, to which WG does this issue belong to? Or is it -- as
I suppose -- a common problem for the three working groups addressed
in this mail?
- Is this really an issue? Are there implementations of SNMP (maybe
not open-source) that can be run on very small devices such as
considered in 6lowpan/ROLL/MANET? Is there any experimental (or
theoretical) analysis whether SNMP (or any other standardized
management protocol) can run on these devices?
- If SNMP cannot be used for small devices, how can we manage and
monitor these devices then? (e.g. using proxies, different message
formats such as proposed in 6lowapp, etc.). Do we need a different
lightweight protocol for management?
 - Can we provide SNMP not only on a single device, but for a whole
network? That might need an aggregator device that runs full SNMP and
collects the data from the low power devices. This would imply to
monitor statistics of a whole network (e.g. number of links, average
throughput, average path-length, etc.)
 - What kind of objects should be provided in a MIB running on a
MANET/6lowpan/ROLL device? This might be specific to the routing
protocol, but there can be commonalities.

Regards,
Ulrich

From teco@inf-net.nl  Wed Nov 18 23:19:12 2009
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From: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
To: "'Dearlove, Christopher \(UK\)'" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, "'Ulrich Herberg'" <ulrich@herberg.name>
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>> It is all about trust. If the TC has traveled only trusted neighbors,
>> what is the problem?
>
>Is trust transitive? 

More thoughts on this, with TC in mind.
All nodes shall have synced LSDB, otherwise the network is loopy.
So all nodes shall accept or reject an invalid message.
So the neighbors of the node that corrupted the message shall
drop it on the floor. There is no olsr-sec draft yet, but I assume
such behavior written down.
Now we have some options what to do. Just drop the invalid messages?
Drop the whole packets? Invalidate the node that forwarded such 
messages, and tear down the links to such? Forever or hold-down 
period? Publish entries for revocation list?
I say the bad guy shall be isolated at least.

Now I see a benefit of signed messages. A node that is taken over
by the bad guys gang, and is transformed into an assassin, is to be 
isolated. Meanwhile, it can only cause some local damage.

Teco.



From ulrich@herberg.name  Thu Nov 19 01:25:03 2009
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Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 10:24:57 +0100
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
To: Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl>
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Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, "Dearlove, Christopher \(UK\)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
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Teco,

On Thu, Nov 19, 2009 at 8:18 AM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>> It is all about trust. If the TC has traveled only trusted neighbors,
>>> what is the problem?
>>
>>Is trust transitive?
>
> More thoughts on this, with TC in mind.
> All nodes shall have synced LSDB, otherwise the network is loopy.
> So all nodes shall accept or reject an invalid message.
> So the neighbors of the node that corrupted the message shall
> drop it on the floor. There is no olsr-sec draft yet, but I assume
> such behavior written down.

As for the NHDP-sec draft, the plan for the OLSR-sec draft is to
provide another cause for TC messages to be rejected (as allowed by
the NHDP/OLSRv2 specs) (cf section 12.1 of the OLSRv2-draft). This
will be very similar to the NHDP-sec draft.


> Now we have some options what to do. Just drop the invalid messages?
> Drop the whole packets?

I think that this decision is rather to be placed into the NHDP draft,
since the NHDP-sec draft only hooks into NHDP and provides a reason
for rejecting messages (as in section 12.1 of NHDP). In that section,
NHDP says:

"An invalid message MUST be silently discarded, without updating the
router's Information Bases."

So if we want to allow the whole packet to be dropped if a message is
invalid, we should put it in the NHDP draft, and not in the NHDP-sec
draft. I let the authors of NHDP express their opinion...

> Invalidate the node that forwarded such
> messages, and tear down the links to such? Forever or hold-down
> period? Publish entries for revocation list?
> I say the bad guy shall be isolated at least.

This is an interesting point. I fear, however, that allowing to block
an originator forever leads to another attack. A malicious router
simply sends a few unsigned (or badly signed) messages claiming to
originate from another router. Thus, this router will be removed from
the Routing Set. So an attacker could easily disturb the topology.
Keep in mind that the only gain for tearing down a link (and thus to
reject incoming messages of a given source address without checking
the signature) is to save time for processing signatures.
What could be done is to enforce a minimum interval for incoming
messages (similar to MIN_INTERVAL for outgoing messages). If messages
from a source arrive more frequently, they are ignored. Are there any
opinions on such a mechanism?


> Now I see a benefit of signed messages. A node that is taken over
> by the bad guys gang, and is transformed into an assassin, is to be
> isolated. Meanwhile, it can only cause some local damage.

It depends, what you mean by "taken over". If an attacker gains access
to the key chain and is thus able to correctly sign messages, the
framework will not help in any way -- the "bad guy" would appear as a
"good guy" and cannot be isolated as all messages it signs are valid.

Ulrich

From thomas@thomasclausen.org  Thu Nov 19 01:49:25 2009
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Teco,

All good comments. I won't pretend to answer to your questions, as I  
don't know that I know the ultimate answers ;) I'd just bounce a  
couple of thoughts out and off you for discussion

I do know that there are uses for situations where a given network may  
maintain two topologies: one "secured" and one "not secured". Thus,  
one topology may reject a given entry in the LSDB while another  
topology in the same router may accept and use it, depending on the  
validation of signatures.

A blanket "throw away a message which doesn't validate, also without  
forwarding" would, I think, disable this functioning. Consequently,  
this holds also for "throw away a packet which contains a message  
where the signature doesn't validate".

On the latter (looking beyond simply OLSRv2/NHDP), throwing away a  
whole packet because a signature in any contained message doesn't  
validate wouldn't work, I think: it would assume that all routers  
would be equipped to parse (at least, to the point of verifying  
signatures) all possible message types. I would not expect that to  
hold true with various extensions and their new message types. Even if  
the packetbb-sec signature TLV was used for all messages, an  
intermediate might not have the necessary keys for validation (e.g. if  
the extension assumed endrouter-to-endrouter only, and therefore  
didn't share keys around to all intermediaries).

I'd like that whatever we do be flexible enough to accommodate at  
least the deployments/requirements that we can identify for current  
system -- and, preferably, those which we can reasonably project will  
emerge.

Cheers,

Thomas

On Nov 19, 2009, at 8:18 AM, Teco Boot wrote:

>>> It is all about trust. If the TC has traveled only trusted  
>>> neighbors,
>>> what is the problem?
>>
>> Is trust transitive?
>
> More thoughts on this, with TC in mind.
> All nodes shall have synced LSDB, otherwise the network is loopy.
> So all nodes shall accept or reject an invalid message.
> So the neighbors of the node that corrupted the message shall
> drop it on the floor. There is no olsr-sec draft yet, but I assume
> such behavior written down.
> Now we have some options what to do. Just drop the invalid messages?
> Drop the whole packets? Invalidate the node that forwarded such
> messages, and tear down the links to such? Forever or hold-down
> period? Publish entries for revocation list?
> I say the bad guy shall be isolated at least.
>
> Now I see a benefit of signed messages. A node that is taken over
> by the bad guys gang, and is transformed into an assassin, is to be
> isolated. Meanwhile, it can only cause some local damage.
>
> Teco.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Thu Nov 19 01:50:26 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>, "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
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Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
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> So if we want to allow the whole packet to be dropped if a message is
> invalid, we should put it in the NHDP draft, and not in the NHDP-sec
> draft. I let the authors of NHDP express their opinion...

It's not as simple as that. The multiplexing method in RFC 5444
means that NHDP doesn't even see non-HELLO messages in a packet,
and by the time it sees a message the packet has been distributed
to the appropriate protocols. So if you wanted this behaviour
- which is inappropriate in many cases, but may be appropriate in
some - then it needs to be in a security for RFC 5444 draft, not
a security for NHDP/OLSRv2 draft. In fact I think that's what we
need, with specific comments for NHDP/OLSRv2 in separate drafts,
but the bulk in a protocol agnostic document.

> This is an interesting point. I fear, however, that allowing to block
> an originator forever leads to another attack. A malicious router
> simply sends a few unsigned (or badly signed) messages claiming to
> originate from another router. Thus, this router will be removed from
> the Routing Set.

All revocation mechanisms are a security threat, and any simple
"I've seen a bad message apparently from X, so X is bad" is a
very poor revocation mechanism, and not one to be used. Any
decision to blacklist a node needs more than that. I think this
is an area that needs more expertise than I'm aware of here.

> It depends, what you mean by "taken over". If an attacker gains access
> to the key chain and is thus able to correctly sign messages, the
> framework will not help in any way -- the "bad guy" would appear as a
> "good guy" and cannot be isolated as all messages it signs are valid.

There are however different cases of this as I noted in an earlier
email.

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From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Thu Nov 19 02:03:02 2009
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On Thu November 19 2009 10:24:57 Ulrich Herberg wrote:
> This is an interesting point. I fear, however, that allowing to block
> an originator forever leads to another attack. A malicious router
> simply sends a few unsigned (or badly signed) messages claiming to
> originate from another router.
Unsigned or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used to block a n=
ode=20
if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/Source-IP. You simply don't=
=20
have any information where the message is coming from, the only thing you c=
an=20
do is to call a higher layer (Help, I'm getting lot's of forged messages !).

The only exception I see is if you receive a message with a bad signature b=
ut=20
the package was signed correctly. In this case it's clear that the forwardi=
ng=20
node is either a stupid attacker or malfunctioning, so you could remove it.

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From thomas@thomasclausen.org  Thu Nov 19 02:03:19 2009
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On Nov 19, 2009, at 10:50 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:

>> So if we want to allow the whole packet to be dropped if a message is
>> invalid, we should put it in the NHDP draft, and not in the NHDP-sec
>> draft. I let the authors of NHDP express their opinion...
>
> It's not as simple as that. The multiplexing method in RFC 5444
> means that NHDP doesn't even see non-HELLO messages in a packet,
> and by the time it sees a message the packet has been distributed
> to the appropriate protocols. So if you wanted this behaviour
> - which is inappropriate in many cases, but may be appropriate in
> some - then it needs to be in a security for RFC 5444 draft, not
> a security for NHDP/OLSRv2 draft. In fact I think that's what we
> need, with specific comments for NHDP/OLSRv2 in separate drafts,
> but the bulk in a protocol agnostic document.

Incidentally, you are right - this was the reason that we started by  
publishing the packetbb-sec I-D. Initially, this contains almost only  
the TLV specifications; however I agree that it is natural to extend  
this to cover other "protocol-agnostic" matters. Incidentally, I  
suspect that these (in my opinion) will be relatively few: I can think  
of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message  
doesn't validate would make sense - or rather, I can think of many  
counter-examples where it definitely wouldn't....

In terms of the way forward, it appears clear to me that discussing  
things in the context of protocols (NHDP/OLSRv2/DYMO) may be easier -  
and allow us to extract the general/agnostic matters. Which means, we  
have to accelerate getting the olsrv2-sec I-D polished and out, and  
preferably also a dymo-sec I-D (is there a DYMO expert in the house  
who'd like to chip in on that?)

>> This is an interesting point. I fear, however, that allowing to block
>> an originator forever leads to another attack. A malicious router
>> simply sends a few unsigned (or badly signed) messages claiming to
>> originate from another router. Thus, this router will be removed from
>> the Routing Set.
>
> All revocation mechanisms are a security threat, and any simple
> "I've seen a bad message apparently from X, so X is bad" is a
> very poor revocation mechanism, and not one to be used. Any
> decision to blacklist a node needs more than that. I think this
> is an area that needs more expertise than I'm aware of here.

I second this. Not only are revocation mechanisms scary, I think that  
they also are (as with key distribution) very deployment specific too.

Thomas

>> It depends, what you mean by "taken over". If an attacker gains  
>> access
>> to the key chain and is thus able to correctly sign messages, the
>> framework will not help in any way -- the "bad guy" would appear as a
>> "good guy" and cannot be isolated as all messages it signs are valid.
>
> There are however different cases of this as I noted in an earlier
> email.
>
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From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Thu Nov 19 02:05:08 2009
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On Thu November 19 2009 10:49:19 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
> All good comments. I won't pretend to answer to your questions, as I
> don't know that I know the ultimate answers ;) I'd just bounce a
> couple of thoughts out and off you for discussion
>=20
> I do know that there are uses for situations where a given network may
> maintain two topologies: one "secured" and one "not secured". Thus,
> one topology may reject a given entry in the LSDB while another
> topology in the same router may accept and use it, depending on the
> validation of signatures.
Yes, we could do this, as long as unsigned messages cannot change the state=
=20
delivered by signed messages.
=20
> A blanket "throw away a message which doesn't validate, also without
> forwarding" would, I think, disable this functioning.
Yes.

> Consequently,
> this holds also for "throw away a packet which contains a message
> where the signature doesn't validate".
A packet should be only thrown away completely if the packet signature is=20
wrong (if it contains a packet signature).
=20
Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From thomas@thomasclausen.org  Thu Nov 19 02:07:48 2009
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On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:02 AM, Henning Rogge wrote:

> On Thu November 19 2009 10:24:57 Ulrich Herberg wrote:
>> This is an interesting point. I fear, however, that allowing to block
>> an originator forever leads to another attack. A malicious router
>> simply sends a few unsigned (or badly signed) messages claiming to
>> originate from another router.
> Unsigned or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used to =20
> block a node
> if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/Source-IP. You simply =20=

> don't
> have any information where the message is coming from, the only =20
> thing you can
> do is to call a higher layer (Help, I'm getting lot's of forged =20
> messages !).
>
> The only exception I see is if you receive a message with a bad =20
> signature but
> the package was signed correctly. In this case it's clear that the =20
> forwarding
> node is either a stupid attacker or malfunctioning, so you could =20
> remove it.
>

Or, maybe, that the forwarding node was not equipped to validate the =20
signature. E.g. a protocol extension using a message type unknown to =20
the forwarder, and where the "key-space" is proper to the extension =20
(i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensions (to =20
OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.

I'd not even consider "good packet signature, bad message signature" =20
as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.

Thomas

> Henning Rogge
>
> --=20
> Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
> Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
> mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0
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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Thu Nov 19 02:13:11 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Thomas Heide Clausen" <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
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> I can think  
> of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message  
> doesn't validate would make sense

There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
- Has signature, signature is bad.
- Doesn't have signature.

You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.

> In terms of the way forward, it appears clear to me that discussing  
> things in the context of protocols (NHDP/OLSRv2/DYMO) may be easier -

> and allow us to extract the general/agnostic matters.

Agreed. In fact it may make sense to say in NHDP/OLSRv2 specific drafts
that an aim is exactly that, given the RFC 5444 multiplexing framework.


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From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Thu Nov 19 02:14:42 2009
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From: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
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On Thu November 19 2009 11:07:42 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:

> > Unsigned or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used to
> > block a node
> > if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/Source-IP. You simply
> > don't
> > have any information where the message is coming from, the only
> > thing you can
> > do is to call a higher layer (Help, I'm getting lot's of forged
> > messages !).
> >
> > The only exception I see is if you receive a message with a bad
> > signature but
> > the package was signed correctly. In this case it's clear that the
> > forwarding
> > node is either a stupid attacker or malfunctioning, so you could
> > remove it.
>=20
> Or, maybe, that the forwarding node was not equipped to validate the
> signature. E.g. a protocol extension using a message type unknown to
> the forwarder, and where the "key-space" is proper to the extension
> (i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensions (to
> OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.
>=20
> I'd not even consider "good packet signature, bad message signature"
> as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.
I think this would depend on the policy of the network.

Maybe you drop the node at once (because you have mandatory signature check=
ing=20
on all nodes), maybe you just drop the message and inform your IDS "got bad=
=20
message signature from node X forwarded by node Y".

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From thomas@thomasclausen.org  Thu Nov 19 02:16:31 2009
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On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:14 AM, Henning Rogge wrote:

> On Thu November 19 2009 11:07:42 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
>
>>> Unsigned or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used to
>>> block a node
>>> if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/Source-IP. You simply
>>> don't
>>> have any information where the message is coming from, the only
>>> thing you can
>>> do is to call a higher layer (Help, I'm getting lot's of forged
>>> messages !).
>>>
>>> The only exception I see is if you receive a message with a bad
>>> signature but
>>> the package was signed correctly. In this case it's clear that the
>>> forwarding
>>> node is either a stupid attacker or malfunctioning, so you could
>>> remove it.
>>
>> Or, maybe, that the forwarding node was not equipped to validate the
>> signature. E.g. a protocol extension using a message type unknown to
>> the forwarder, and where the "key-space" is proper to the extension
>> (i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensions (to
>> OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.
>>
>> I'd not even consider "good packet signature, bad message signature"
>> as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.
> I think this would depend on the policy of the network.
>
> Maybe you drop the node at once (because you have mandatory =20
> signature checking
> on all nodes), maybe you just drop the message and inform your IDS =20
> "got bad
> message signature from node X forwarded by node Y".
>

Right, I agree. This is rather deployment/policy dependent. We just =20
need to make sure that we not enforce a behavior that excludes useful =20=

behaviors.

Thomas

> Henning Rogge
>
> --=20
> Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
> Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
> mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0


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On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:13 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:

>> I can think
>> of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message
>> doesn't validate would make sense
>
> There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
> - Has signature, signature is bad.
> - Doesn't have signature.
>
> You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
> Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.

Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list  
just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop the  
packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able  
to validate the contained messages that it forwards.

>> In terms of the way forward, it appears clear to me that discussing
>> things in the context of protocols (NHDP/OLSRv2/DYMO) may be easier -
>
>> and allow us to extract the general/agnostic matters.
>
> Agreed. In fact it may make sense to say in NHDP/OLSRv2 specific  
> drafts
> that an aim is exactly that, given the RFC 5444 multiplexing  
> framework.

I could live with that, Ulrich?



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From: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
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Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, "Dearlove, Christopher \(UK\)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, Thomas Heide Clausen <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
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On Thu November 19 2009 11:18:01 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
> On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:13 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> > You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
> > Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
>=20
> Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list
> just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop the
> packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able
> to validate the contained messages that it forwards.

I think the signatures will get even more important in combination with the=
=20
state-machine-drafts mentioned at IETF. Together they would allow to check =
for=20
misbehaving nodes and trigger alerts to an IDS infrastructure (or a local=20
response daemon).

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Thu Nov 19 02:28:30 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Henning Rogge" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>, "Thomas Heide Clausen" <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
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> Maybe you drop the node at once (because you have mandatory signature
checking 
> on all nodes)

The parenthesis is the key comment here - everything
(not just this) depends on your situation.

This makes it, in a generic document and even in an NHDP
or OLSRv2 specific document pretty much impossible to say
"you must always do this" and hard or worse to list all
possible options. Some possible options, and possibly the
most obvious ones, can be listed.

An OLSRv2 issue when using message signatures is: if
a node gets a message which it should forward, but not
process (there are at least two ways that can happen)
should it check the signature? I think the answer to
that one isn't obvious, there are arguments both ways.
Which means there might be circumstances for either
answer.

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From ulrich@herberg.name  Thu Nov 19 02:32:32 2009
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, "Dearlove, Christopher \(UK\)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, manet@ietf.org
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Thomas,

On Thu, Nov 19, 2009 at 11:18 AM, Thomas Heide Clausen
<thomas@thomasclausen.org> wrote:
>
> On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:13 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
>
>>> I can think
>>> of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message
>>> doesn't validate would make sense
>>
>> There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
>> - Has signature, signature is bad.
>> - Doesn't have signature.
>>
>> You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
>> Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
>
> Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list just
> now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop the packet, as
> the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able to validate the
> contained messages that it forwards.

Yes, I second this.


>>> In terms of the way forward, it appears clear to me that discussing
>>> things in the context of protocols (NHDP/OLSRv2/DYMO) may be easier -
>>
>>> and allow us to extract the general/agnostic matters.
>>
>> Agreed. In fact it may make sense to say in NHDP/OLSRv2 specific drafts
>> that an aim is exactly that, given the RFC 5444 multiplexing framework.
>
> I could live with that, Ulrich?

Yes, me too.

Ulrich

From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Thu Nov 19 02:33:28 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Thomas Heide Clausen" <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
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>> There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
>> - Has signature, signature is bad.
>> - Doesn't have signature.
>>
>> You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
>> Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.

> Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list  
> just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop the

> packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able

> to validate the contained messages that it forwards.

That's a third case. My first case is that the message has a signature,
I can validate signatures, and that signature is wrong. But if A sends
to B sends to C then C can get the first case because B was the third
case. Or due to one of the behaviours in my last email.

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From thomas@thomasclausen.org  Thu Nov 19 02:34:05 2009
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On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:28 AM, Henning Rogge wrote:

> On Thu November 19 2009 11:18:01 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
>> On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:13 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
>>> You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
>>> Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
>>
>> Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list
>> just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop =20=

>> the
>> packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able
>> to validate the contained messages that it forwards.
>
> I think the signatures will get even more important in combination =20
> with the
> state-machine-drafts mentioned at IETF.

Working on it, should not be long - but glad that you think they will =20=

be useful ;)

Thomas


> Together they would allow to check for
> misbehaving nodes and trigger alerts to an IDS infrastructure (or a =20=

> local
> response daemon).
>
> Henning Rogge
>
> --=20
> Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
> Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
> mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0


From thomas@thomasclausen.org  Thu Nov 19 02:35:26 2009
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On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:33 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:

>>> There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
>>> - Has signature, signature is bad.
>>> - Doesn't have signature.
>>>
>>> You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
>>> Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
>
>> Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list
>> just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop  
>> the
>
>> packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able
>
>> to validate the contained messages that it forwards.
>
> That's a third case. My first case is that the message has a  
> signature,
> I can validate signatures, and that signature is wrong. But if A sends
> to B sends to C then C can get the first case because B was the third
> case. Or due to one of the behaviours in my last email.

We probably should enumerate these cases explicitly in the OLSRv2-sec  
I-D?

Thomas


From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Thu Nov 19 02:37:26 2009
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> I think the signatures will get even more important in combination
with the 
> state-machine-drafts mentioned at IETF. Together they would allow to
check for 
> misbehaving nodes and trigger alerts to an IDS infrastructure (or a
local 
> response daemon).

If you have any infrastructure. But it's never enough
to know that there appear to be mis-signed messages
from node X, you need more. However every possibility
for what that more might be that I've thought of (though
I haven't thought too much about it) has a problem that
I've also thought of, so I'm not in a position to suggest
what that more might be (except, as always, it depends on
other things).

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From ulrich@herberg.name  Thu Nov 19 02:37:52 2009
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Thomas,


On Thu, Nov 19, 2009 at 11:35 AM, Thomas Heide Clausen
<thomas@thomasclausen.org> wrote:
>
> On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:33 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
>
>>>> There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
>>>> - Has signature, signature is bad.
>>>> - Doesn't have signature.
>>>>
>>>> You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
>>>> Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
>>
>>> Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list
>>> just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop the
>>> packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able
>>> to validate the contained messages that it forwards.
>>
>> That's a third case. My first case is that the message has a signature,
>> I can validate signatures, and that signature is wrong. But if A sends
>> to B sends to C then C can get the first case because B was the third
>> case. Or due to one of the behaviours in my last email.
>
> We probably should enumerate these cases explicitly in the OLSRv2-sec I-D?

Yes, thanks for pointing out these three cases. They should be
explained in the OLSRv2-sec ID.

Ulrich

From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Thu Nov 19 02:47:11 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Thomas Heide Clausen" <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
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Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, manet@ietf.org
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There are some more, including
- It has a signature and the signature is good (not all
  cases are failures!).
- It has a signature, but all I needed to do was forward
  it, so I didn't bother checking the signature, though
  I could have done.

-- 
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: Thomas Heide Clausen [mailto:thomas@thomasclausen.org] 
Sent: 19 November 2009 10:35
To: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
Cc: Rex Buddenberg; manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts


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On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:33 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:

>>> There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
>>> - Has signature, signature is bad.
>>> - Doesn't have signature.
>>>
>>> You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
>>> Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
>
>> Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list
>> just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop  
>> the
>
>> packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able
>
>> to validate the contained messages that it forwards.
>
> That's a third case. My first case is that the message has a  
> signature,
> I can validate signatures, and that signature is wrong. But if A sends
> to B sends to C then C can get the first case because B was the third
> case. Or due to one of the behaviours in my last email.

We probably should enumerate these cases explicitly in the OLSRv2-sec  
I-D?

Thomas



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References: <25c114b90911112143r6453c425h7386d76d1c77a0c7@mail.gmail.com><1258479872.17184.205.camel@localhost.localdomain><25c114b90911171000s61af2462p5688ccfeb03fd9f3@mail.gmail.com><200911180745.48511.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de><009f01ca681d$7975bd20$6c613760$@nl><25c114b90911180008n3055703fv9fc848205ccaac41@mail.gmail.com><003301ca685f$be9a1030$3bce3090$@nl><ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D0275B38A@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET><001801ca68e8$920457e0$b60d07a0$@nl><25c114b90911190124p73b36acdwaa1a45a808cafe39@mail.gmail.com><ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D0275B504@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET><A0B65676-E43E-4036-B084-5EC52E83E043@thomasclausen.org><ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D0275B53D@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET><0BB64875-3DCD-4C80-A3E4-FF706F4DB86F@thomasclausen.org><ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D0275B58A@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET><D0618587-BD5C-4120-8DDB-080289D8E610@thomasclausen.org> <ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D0275B5B0@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET>
From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, "Thomas Heide Clausen" <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
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Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, manet@ietf.org
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I'll make one more point that I think matters before trying
to move on from this discussion, at least for this morning.

OLSRv2 has a processing/forwarding engine that decides whether
a message should be processed, forwarded, both, or neither.

Messages that are to be processed need to be verified (if
possible, which I'm assuming is the case here). Messages that
are to be forwarded but not processed may or may not be
verified, but here I'll assume that they are if it matters.

That leaves messages to be neither processed nor forwarded.
There's actually no need to verify them cryptographically,
they are going to be discarded with no effect anyway. So
why waste the effort doing so?

OK, that's OLSRv2. But that says that even if we have a
generic RFC 5444 approach, with a packet demultiplexer
and message distributor, the right place for signature
verification isn't necessarily in that.

Now possibly an architecture including OLSRv2 might want
to reuse that message processing/forwarding engine from
OLSRv2 (it includes message type in it for at least a
specialised case thereof, of extensions to OLSRv2, but
could apply to other protocols with similar rquirements).
That might be the place for message signature checking.
Packet signature checking probably (almost certainly)
belongs in the RFC 5444 demultiplexer.

Note however that I'm not suggesting mandating that
processing/forwarding engine for all MANET protocols.
I think DYMO could be specified in such a way as to
use it, but that might necessitate considering some
DYMO messages as one hop then processing may generate
a very similar message (obviously created from it for
efficiency) rather than multi-hop modified before
forwarding (which also necessitates a signature change
- or if considered a new message, a new signature).
But note that I'm not 100% certain of everything about
DYMO I've just said - but that's my point, I'm not
suggesting mandating the OLSRv2 engine.

-- 
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

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On Thu November 19 2009 12:37:03 Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> OLSRv2 has a processing/forwarding engine that decides whether
> a message should be processed, forwarded, both, or neither.
>=20
> Messages that are to be processed need to be verified (if
> possible, which I'm assuming is the case here). Messages that
> are to be forwarded but not processed may or may not be
> verified, but here I'll assume that they are if it matters.
I think it matters that forwarded messages are checked for signatures too. =
If=20
not the attacker will have the ability to poison the forwarding duplicate=20
check, so that correct signed messages will not be forwarded anymore.
=20
> That leaves messages to be neither processed nor forwarded.
> There's actually no need to verify them cryptographically,
> they are going to be discarded with no effect anyway. So
> why waste the effort doing so?
That's right, as long as we know that we do not need to forward/process the=
m=20
because we checked that message that lead to this.
=20
> OK, that's OLSRv2. But that says that even if we have a
> generic RFC 5444 approach, with a packet demultiplexer
> and message distributor, the right place for signature
> verification isn't necessarily in that.
>=20
> Now possibly an architecture including OLSRv2 might want
> to reuse that message processing/forwarding engine from
> OLSRv2 (it includes message type in it for at least a
> specialised case thereof, of extensions to OLSRv2, but
> could apply to other protocols with similar rquirements).
> That might be the place for message signature checking.
> Packet signature checking probably (almost certainly)
> belongs in the RFC 5444 demultiplexer.
>=20
> Note however that I'm not suggesting mandating that
> processing/forwarding engine for all MANET protocols.
> I think DYMO could be specified in such a way as to
> use it, but that might necessitate considering some
> DYMO messages as one hop then processing may generate
> a very similar message (obviously created from it for
> efficiency) rather than multi-hop modified before
> forwarding (which also necessitates a signature change
> - or if considered a new message, a new signature).
> But note that I'm not 100% certain of everything about
> DYMO I've just said - but that's my point, I'm not
> suggesting mandating the OLSRv2 engine.
I think we should (if possible) check all messages that change any kind of=
=20
internal database in any way... even the duplicate/processing set.

Henning Rogge


=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Thu Nov 19 03:58:14 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Henning Rogge" <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>, <manet@ietf.org>
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>> Messages that are to be processed need to be verified (if
>> possible, which I'm assuming is the case here). Messages that
>> are to be forwarded but not processed may or may not be
>> verified, but here I'll assume that they are if it matters.
> I think it matters that forwarded messages are checked for signatures
too. If 
> not the attacker will have the ability to poison the forwarding
duplicate 
> check, so that correct signed messages will not be forwarded anymore.

Good point.
 
> I think we should (if possible) check all messages that change any
kind of 
> internal database in any way... even the duplicate/processing set.

OK, I can buy that.

That is however an aside to the main point I was making, on the
architectural relationship of
- The RFC 5444 demultiplexer (which can incorporate
  packet signature verification).
- OLSRv2's processing and forwarding mechanism.
- The rest of OLSRv2, and any extensions to OLSRv2.
- Other MANET protocols, which may or may not want
  to use OLSRv2's processing and forwarding mechanism
  (or a copy thereof, or an adaption thereof).
- Message signature verification.

One point I didn't make was that NHDP does not need
to use the OLSRv2 mechanism, HELLO messages aren't
forwarded and are just processed when received
(or not if a signature fails).

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From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Thu Nov 19 04:09:23 2009
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From: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
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On Thu November 19 2009 12:58:09 Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> > I think we should (if possible) check all messages that change any
> > kind of internal database in any way... even the
> > duplicate/processing set.
>=20
> OK, I can buy that.
>=20
> That is however an aside to the main point I was making, on the
> architectural relationship of
> - The RFC 5444 demultiplexer (which can incorporate
>   packet signature verification).
If we put the packet signature verification there (which would be a good=20
place), we need a mechanism to tell the packetbb-dependant protocolls if a=
=20
message was in a signed packet or if it was badly signed. This might lead=20
NHDP, DYMO or OLSRv2 to use another set of databases (or to flag the entrie=
s).

> - OLSRv2's processing and forwarding mechanism.
> - The rest of OLSRv2, and any extensions to OLSRv2.
> - Message signature verification.
Yes, in terms of security (and depending on the security policy) this=20
components could be tightly connected. We need some information channel=20
between them.

> - Other MANET protocols, which may or may not want
>   to use OLSRv2's processing and forwarding mechanism
>   (or a copy thereof, or an adaption thereof).

> One point I didn't make was that NHDP does not need
> to use the OLSRv2 mechanism, HELLO messages aren't
> forwarded and are just processed when received
> (or not if a signature fails).
Right, but it still needs to check incoming message signatures if the packe=
t=20
was not/badly signed or the packet signature does not belong to the origina=
tor=20
of the message.

Henning Rogge
=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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>> - The RFC 5444 demultiplexer (which can incorporate
>>   packet signature verification).
> If we put the packet signature verification there (which would be a
good 
> place), we need a mechanism to tell the packetbb-dependant protocolls
if a 
> message was in a signed packet or if it was badly signed.

If the packet badly signed, we dump it and the protocols never see
any of its messages. In some cases we may also dump the packet if
unsigned, but if not then the protocols can, in principle, deduce
this for themselves by that they (according to RFC 5444) get a copy
of the packet header.

Of course it might instead be preferable to remove the signature
from the packet header as copied and flag that fact separately.
Or that could be an implementation issue.

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From robert.cole@jhuapl.edu  Thu Nov 19 06:41:48 2009
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From: "Cole, Robert G." <Robert.Cole@jhuapl.edu>
To: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>, 6lowpan <6lowpan@ietf.org>, "manet@ietf.org" <manet@ietf.org>, "roll@ietf.org" <roll@ietf.org>
Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 09:41:30 -0500
Thread-Topic: [manet] SNMP optimizations
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 Ulrich,

The was some prior related work in the RMON WG on the RAQMON model (RFCs 47=
10 and 4711).  This monitoring framework was explicitly designed to monitor=
 low-power, hand held devices, e.g., phones.  Dan was one of the co-authors=
.  Folks may want to read thru these RFCs.

Thanks,
Bob

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of U=
lrich Herberg
Sent: Wednesday, November 18, 2009 4:10 PM
To: 6lowpan; manet@ietf.org; roll@ietf.org
Subject: [manet] SNMP optimizations

Hi,

I am sending this message to the 6lowpan, ROLL and MANET mailing list, sinc=
e I think this topic concerns all three working groups, and I am not sure i=
n which WG this is to be tackled.

During the MANET WG meeting and also during an OLSRv2 Interop workshop, we =
had discussions about SNMP deployments in such ad-hoc networks we are deali=
ng with. The issue that was raised (and which is also described in draft-ha=
mid-6lowpan-snmp-optimizations) is that SNMP may be too memory-/CPU-/bandwi=
dth-consuming for low-power devices.
However, a solution for monitoring and management of these devices is desir=
ed (and also required by IETF). The before-mentioned draft describes very w=
ell how to optimize SNMP for running it on 6lowpan devices, and shows that =
the SNMP payload can fit into 6lowpan packets.
However, it is unclear whether the code footprint of SNMP implementations c=
an fit into the memory of small devices. From discussions with several pers=
ons from the MANET WG, I conclude that for MANET the same problem exists. (=
and I think for ROLL, too?)

I have several questions that came to my mind about this topic:

- First of all, to which WG does this issue belong to? Or is it -- as I sup=
pose -- a common problem for the three working groups addressed in this mai=
l?
- Is this really an issue? Are there implementations of SNMP (maybe not ope=
n-source) that can be run on very small devices such as considered in 6lowp=
an/ROLL/MANET? Is there any experimental (or
theoretical) analysis whether SNMP (or any other standardized management pr=
otocol) can run on these devices?
- If SNMP cannot be used for small devices, how can we manage and monitor t=
hese devices then? (e.g. using proxies, different message formats such as p=
roposed in 6lowapp, etc.). Do we need a different lightweight protocol for =
management?
 - Can we provide SNMP not only on a single device, but for a whole network=
? That might need an aggregator device that runs full SNMP and collects the=
 data from the low power devices. This would imply to monitor statistics of=
 a whole network (e.g. number of links, average throughput, average path-le=
ngth, etc.)
 - What kind of objects should be provided in a MIB running on a MANET/6low=
pan/ROLL device? This might be specific to the routing protocol, but there =
can be commonalities.

Regards,
Ulrich
_______________________________________________
manet mailing list
manet@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

From kavithaammayappan@gmail.com  Thu Nov 19 02:37:59 2009
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Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 16:07:51 +0530
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From: Kavitha Ammayappan <kavithaammayappan@gmail.com>
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I would like to put forth my view about the usage of signatures for claiming
security in MANET. Why should we look in to some other alternative instead
of signatures for claiming security in MANET as it consumes much energy?

Regards
Kavitha Ammayappan

On Thu, Nov 19, 2009 at 3:58 PM, <manet-request@ietf.org> wrote:

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> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
> than "Re: Contents of manet digest..."
>
>
> Today's Topics:
>
>   1. Re: Security drafts (Henning Rogge)
>   2. Re: Security drafts (Thomas Heide Clausen)
>   3. Re: Security drafts (Dearlove, Christopher (UK))
>   4. Re: Security drafts (Henning Rogge)
>   5. Re: Security drafts (Thomas Heide Clausen)
>   6. Re: Security drafts (Thomas Heide Clausen)
>   7. Re: Security drafts (Henning Rogge)
>
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Message: 1
> Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 11:04:57 +0100
> From: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Cc: 'Rex Buddenberg' <budden@nps.navy.mil>, "'Dearlove, Christopher
>        \(UK\)'" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>,       Thomas Heide
> Clausen
>        <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
> Message-ID: <200911191104.57676.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
>
> On Thu November 19 2009 10:49:19 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
> > All good comments. I won't pretend to answer to your questions, as I
> > don't know that I know the ultimate answers ;) I'd just bounce a
> > couple of thoughts out and off you for discussion
> >
> > I do know that there are uses for situations where a given network may
> > maintain two topologies: one "secured" and one "not secured". Thus,
> > one topology may reject a given entry in the LSDB while another
> > topology in the same router may accept and use it, depending on the
> > validation of signatures.
> Yes, we could do this, as long as unsigned messages cannot change the state
> delivered by signed messages.
>
> > A blanket "throw away a message which doesn't validate, also without
> > forwarding" would, I think, disable this functioning.
> Yes.
>
> > Consequently,
> > this holds also for "throw away a packet which contains a message
> > where the signature doesn't validate".
> A packet should be only thrown away completely if the packet signature is
> wrong (if it contains a packet signature).
>
> Henning Rogge
>
> --
> Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f?r
> Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
> mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0
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>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 2
> Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 11:07:42 +0100
> From: Thomas Heide Clausen <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> To: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
> Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, "Dearlove,    Christopher
>        \(UK\)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, manet@ietf.org
> Message-ID: <C680F494-46E3-43F5-8990-CCC0447B87E1@thomasclausen.org>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed; delsp=yes
>
>
> On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:02 AM, Henning Rogge wrote:
>
> > On Thu November 19 2009 10:24:57 Ulrich Herberg wrote:
> >> This is an interesting point. I fear, however, that allowing to block
> >> an originator forever leads to another attack. A malicious router
> >> simply sends a few unsigned (or badly signed) messages claiming to
> >> originate from another router.
> > Unsigned or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used to
> > block a node
> > if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/Source-IP. You simply
> > don't
> > have any information where the message is coming from, the only
> > thing you can
> > do is to call a higher layer (Help, I'm getting lot's of forged
> > messages !).
> >
> > The only exception I see is if you receive a message with a bad
> > signature but
> > the package was signed correctly. In this case it's clear that the
> > forwarding
> > node is either a stupid attacker or malfunctioning, so you could
> > remove it.
> >
>
> Or, maybe, that the forwarding node was not equipped to validate the
> signature. E.g. a protocol extension using a message type unknown to
> the forwarder, and where the "key-space" is proper to the extension
> (i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensions (to
> OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.
>
> I'd not even consider "good packet signature, bad message signature"
> as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.
>
> Thomas
>
> > Henning Rogge
> >
> > --
> > Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f?r
> > Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> > Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> > Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> > Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
> > mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> > GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 3
> Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 10:13:01 -0000
> From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> To: "Thomas Heide Clausen" <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
> Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, manet@ietf.org
> Message-ID:
>        <ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC72DF366B719D0275B53D@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
>
> > I can think
> > of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message
> > doesn't validate would make sense
>
> There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
> - Has signature, signature is bad.
> - Doesn't have signature.
>
> You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
> Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
>
> > In terms of the way forward, it appears clear to me that discussing
> > things in the context of protocols (NHDP/OLSRv2/DYMO) may be easier -
>
> > and allow us to extract the general/agnostic matters.
>
> Agreed. In fact it may make sense to say in NHDP/OLSRv2 specific drafts
> that an aim is exactly that, given the RFC 5444 multiplexing framework.
>
>
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>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 4
> Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 11:14:34 +0100
> From: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> To: Thomas Heide Clausen <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
> Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, "Dearlove,    Christopher
>        \(UK\)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, manet@ietf.org
> Message-ID: <200911191114.34159.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
>
> On Thu November 19 2009 11:07:42 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
>
> > > Unsigned or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used to
> > > block a node
> > > if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/Source-IP. You simply
> > > don't
> > > have any information where the message is coming from, the only
> > > thing you can
> > > do is to call a higher layer (Help, I'm getting lot's of forged
> > > messages !).
> > >
> > > The only exception I see is if you receive a message with a bad
> > > signature but
> > > the package was signed correctly. In this case it's clear that the
> > > forwarding
> > > node is either a stupid attacker or malfunctioning, so you could
> > > remove it.
> >
> > Or, maybe, that the forwarding node was not equipped to validate the
> > signature. E.g. a protocol extension using a message type unknown to
> > the forwarder, and where the "key-space" is proper to the extension
> > (i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensions (to
> > OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.
> >
> > I'd not even consider "good packet signature, bad message signature"
> > as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.
> I think this would depend on the policy of the network.
>
> Maybe you drop the node at once (because you have mandatory signature
> checking
> on all nodes), maybe you just drop the message and inform your IDS "got bad
> message signature from node X forwarded by node Y".
>
> Henning Rogge
>
> --
> Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f?r
> Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
> mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0
> -------------- next part --------------
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> >
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 5
> Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 11:16:25 +0100
> From: Thomas Heide Clausen <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> To: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
> Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, "Dearlove,    Christopher
>        \(UK\)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, manet@ietf.org
> Message-ID: <CA9041AC-A550-4A53-A1A5-761F32D898BF@thomasclausen.org>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed; delsp=yes
>
>
> On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:14 AM, Henning Rogge wrote:
>
> > On Thu November 19 2009 11:07:42 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
> >
> >>> Unsigned or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used to
> >>> block a node
> >>> if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/Source-IP. You simply
> >>> don't
> >>> have any information where the message is coming from, the only
> >>> thing you can
> >>> do is to call a higher layer (Help, I'm getting lot's of forged
> >>> messages !).
> >>>
> >>> The only exception I see is if you receive a message with a bad
> >>> signature but
> >>> the package was signed correctly. In this case it's clear that the
> >>> forwarding
> >>> node is either a stupid attacker or malfunctioning, so you could
> >>> remove it.
> >>
> >> Or, maybe, that the forwarding node was not equipped to validate the
> >> signature. E.g. a protocol extension using a message type unknown to
> >> the forwarder, and where the "key-space" is proper to the extension
> >> (i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensions (to
> >> OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.
> >>
> >> I'd not even consider "good packet signature, bad message signature"
> >> as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.
> > I think this would depend on the policy of the network.
> >
> > Maybe you drop the node at once (because you have mandatory
> > signature checking
> > on all nodes), maybe you just drop the message and inform your IDS
> > "got bad
> > message signature from node X forwarded by node Y".
> >
>
> Right, I agree. This is rather deployment/policy dependent. We just
> need to make sure that we not enforce a behavior that excludes useful
> behaviors.
>
> Thomas
>
> > Henning Rogge
> >
> > --
> > Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f?r
> > Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> > Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> > Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> > Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
> > mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> > GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0
>
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 6
> Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 11:18:01 +0100
> From: Thomas Heide Clausen <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> To: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
> Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, manet@ietf.org
> Message-ID: <0BB64875-3DCD-4C80-A3E4-FF706F4DB86F@thomasclausen.org>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed; delsp=yes
>
>
> On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:13 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
>
> >> I can think
> >> of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message
> >> doesn't validate would make sense
> >
> > There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
> > - Has signature, signature is bad.
> > - Doesn't have signature.
> >
> > You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
> > Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
>
> Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list
> just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop the
> packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able
> to validate the contained messages that it forwards.
>
> >> In terms of the way forward, it appears clear to me that discussing
> >> things in the context of protocols (NHDP/OLSRv2/DYMO) may be easier -
> >
> >> and allow us to extract the general/agnostic matters.
> >
> > Agreed. In fact it may make sense to say in NHDP/OLSRv2 specific
> > drafts
> > that an aim is exactly that, given the RFC 5444 multiplexing
> > framework.
>
> I could live with that, Ulrich?
>
>
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 7
> Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 11:28:09 +0100
> From: Henning Rogge <henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Cc: Rex Buddenberg <budden@nps.navy.mil>, "Dearlove,    Christopher
>        \(UK\)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>,        Thomas Heide
> Clausen
>        <thomas@thomasclausen.org>
> Message-ID: <200911191128.20190.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
>
> On Thu November 19 2009 11:18:01 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:
> > On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:13 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> > > You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.
> > > Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.
> >
> > Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list
> > just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop the
> > packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able
> > to validate the contained messages that it forwards.
>
> I think the signatures will get even more important in combination with the
> state-machine-drafts mentioned at IETF. Together they would allow to check
> for
> misbehaving nodes and trigger alerts to an IDS infrastructure (or a local
> response daemon).
>
> Henning Rogge
>
> --
> Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f?r
> Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
> Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
> Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
> Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
> mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
> GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0
> -------------- next part --------------
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> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/manet/attachments/20091119/41534a0b/attachment.sig
> >
>
> ------------------------------
>
> _______________________________________________
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>
>
> End of manet Digest, Vol 67, Issue 22
> *************************************
>



-- 
"Every one is the architect of his own fortune."   Mathurin Regnier

--00504502ce958590260478b6f3e8
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div>I would like to put forth my view about the usage of signatures for cl=
aiming security in MANET. Why should we look in to some other alternative i=
nstead of signatures for claiming security in MANET as it consumes much ene=
rgy?</div>

<div>=C2=A0</div>
<div>Regards </div>
<div>Kavitha Ammayappan<br><br></div>
<div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, Nov 19, 2009 at 3:58 PM, <span dir=3D"lt=
r">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:manet-request@ietf.org">manet-request@ietf.org</a>=
&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid">If you have received this digest=
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n, log in, and set &quot;Get<br>
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r>Send manet mailing list submissions to<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0<a h=
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<br>To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit<br>=C2=A0 =C2=
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email, send a message with subject or body &#39;help&#39; to<br>
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t is more specific<br>
than &quot;Re: Contents of manet digest...&quot;<br><br><br>Today&#39;s Top=
ics:<br><br>=C2=A0 1. Re: Security drafts (Henning Rogge)<br>=C2=A0 2. Re: =
Security drafts (Thomas Heide Clausen)<br>=C2=A0 3. Re: Security drafts (De=
arlove, Christopher (UK))<br>
=C2=A0 4. Re: Security drafts (Henning Rogge)<br>=C2=A0 5. Re: Security dra=
fts (Thomas Heide Clausen)<br>=C2=A0 6. Re: Security drafts (Thomas Heide C=
lausen)<br>=C2=A0 7. Re: Security drafts (Henning Rogge)<br><br><br>-------=
---------------------------------------------------------------<br>
<br>Message: 1<br>Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 11:04:57 +0100<br>From: Henning Ro=
gge &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">henning.rogge@f=
kie.fraunhofer.de</a>&gt;<br>Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts<br>To: <a=
 href=3D"mailto:manet@ietf.org">manet@ietf.org</a><br>
Cc: &#39;Rex Buddenberg&#39; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:budden@nps.navy.mil">bud=
den@nps.navy.mil</a>&gt;, &quot;&#39;Dearlove, Christopher<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0=
 =C2=A0 =C2=A0\(UK\)&#39;&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesys=
tems.com">Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com</a>&gt;, =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 Thoma=
s Heide Clausen<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:thomas@thomasclausen.org">=
thomas@thomasclausen.org</a>&gt;<br>Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:20091=
1191104.57676.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">200911191104.57676.henning.=
rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a>&gt;<br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3D&quot;iso-8859-1&quot;<br><br>On Thu No=
vember 19 2009 10:49:19 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:<br>&gt; All good commen=
ts. I won&#39;t pretend to answer to your questions, as I<br>&gt; don&#39;t=
 know that I know the ultimate answers ;) I&#39;d just bounce a<br>
&gt; couple of thoughts out and off you for discussion<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I do=
 know that there are uses for situations where a given network may<br>&gt; =
maintain two topologies: one &quot;secured&quot; and one &quot;not secured&=
quot;. Thus,<br>
&gt; one topology may reject a given entry in the LSDB while another<br>&gt=
; topology in the same router may accept and use it, depending on the<br>&g=
t; validation of signatures.<br>Yes, we could do this, as long as unsigned =
messages cannot change the state<br>
delivered by signed messages.<br><br>&gt; A blanket &quot;throw away a mess=
age which doesn&#39;t validate, also without<br>&gt; forwarding&quot; would=
, I think, disable this functioning.<br>Yes.<br><br>&gt; Consequently,<br>
&gt; this holds also for &quot;throw away a packet which contains a message=
<br>&gt; where the signature doesn&#39;t validate&quot;.<br>A packet should=
 be only thrown away completely if the packet signature is<br>wrong (if it =
contains a packet signature).<br>
<br>Henning Rogge<br><br>--<br>Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhof=
er-Institut f?r<br>Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FK=
IE<br>Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)<br>Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtberg,=
 Germany<br>
Telefon +49 228 9435-263, =C2=A0 Fax +49 228 9435 685<br>mailto:<a href=3D"=
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</=
a> <a href=3D"http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de/" target=3D"_blank">http://www.=
fkie.fraunhofer.de</a><br>
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0<br>-------------- ne=
xt part --------------<br>A non-text attachment was scrubbed...<br>Name: no=
t available<br>Type: application/pgp-signature<br>Size: 197 bytes<br>Desc: =
This is a digitally signed message part.<br>
Url : &lt;<a href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/manet/attachments=
/20091119/916c7e46/attachment.sig" target=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/ma=
il-archive/web/manet/attachments/20091119/916c7e46/attachment.sig</a>&gt;<b=
r>
<br>------------------------------<br><br>Message: 2<br>Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2=
009 11:07:42 +0100<br>From: Thomas Heide Clausen &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:thom=
as@thomasclausen.org">thomas@thomasclausen.org</a>&gt;<br>Subject: Re: [man=
et] Security drafts<br>
To: Henning Rogge &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">h=
enning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a>&gt;<br>Cc: Rex Buddenberg &lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:budden@nps.navy.mil">budden@nps.navy.mil</a>&gt;, &quot;Dearlove=
, =C2=A0 =C2=A0Christopher<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0\(UK\)&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Chris.Dearlov=
e@baesystems.com">Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com</a>&gt;, <a href=3D"mailto:=
manet@ietf.org">manet@ietf.org</a><br>Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:C68=
0F494-46E3-43F5-8990-CCC0447B87E1@thomasclausen.org">C680F494-46E3-43F5-899=
0-CCC0447B87E1@thomasclausen.org</a>&gt;<br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3DISO-8859-1; format=3Dflowed; delsp=3Dye=
s<br><br><br>On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:02 AM, Henning Rogge wrote:<br><br>&gt;=
 On Thu November 19 2009 10:24:57 Ulrich Herberg wrote:<br>&gt;&gt; This is=
 an interesting point. I fear, however, that allowing to block<br>
&gt;&gt; an originator forever leads to another attack. A malicious router<=
br>&gt;&gt; simply sends a few unsigned (or badly signed) messages claiming=
 to<br>&gt;&gt; originate from another router.<br>&gt; Unsigned or badly si=
gned messages/packets should NEVER be used to<br>
&gt; block a node<br>&gt; if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/So=
urce-IP. You simply<br>&gt; don&#39;t<br>&gt; have any information where th=
e message is coming from, the only<br>&gt; thing you can<br>&gt; do is to c=
all a higher layer (Help, I&#39;m getting lot&#39;s of forged<br>
&gt; messages !).<br>&gt;<br>&gt; The only exception I see is if you receiv=
e a message with a bad<br>&gt; signature but<br>&gt; the package was signed=
 correctly. In this case it&#39;s clear that the<br>&gt; forwarding<br>
&gt; node is either a stupid attacker or malfunctioning, so you could<br>&g=
t; remove it.<br>&gt;<br><br>Or, maybe, that the forwarding node was not eq=
uipped to validate the<br>signature. E.g. a protocol extension using a mess=
age type unknown to<br>
the forwarder, and where the &quot;key-space&quot; is proper to the extensi=
on<br>(i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensions (to<br=
>OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.<br><br>I&#39;d not even consider &=
quot;good packet signature, bad message signature&quot;<br>
as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.<br><br>Thomas<br><br>&gt; H=
enning Rogge<br>&gt;<br>&gt; --<br>&gt; Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge ,=
 Fraunhofer-Institut f?r<br>&gt; Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung un=
d Ergonomie FKIE<br>
&gt; Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)<br>&gt; Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtb=
erg, Germany<br>&gt; Telefon +49 228 9435-263, =C2=A0 Fax +49 228 9435 685<=
br>&gt; mailto:<a href=3D"mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">henning.=
rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a> <a href=3D"http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de/" tar=
get=3D"_blank">http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de</a><br>
&gt; GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0<br>&gt; _______=
________________________________________<br>&gt; manet mailing list<br>&gt;=
 <a href=3D"mailto:manet@ietf.org">manet@ietf.org</a><br>&gt; <a href=3D"ht=
tps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet" target=3D"_blank">https://www.ie=
tf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet</a><br>
<br><br><br>------------------------------<br><br>Message: 3<br>Date: Thu, =
19 Nov 2009 10:13:01 -0000<br>From: &quot;Dearlove, Christopher (UK)&quot; =
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com">Chris.Dearlove@baesyst=
ems.com</a>&gt;<br>
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts<br>To: &quot;Thomas Heide Clausen&quot=
; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:thomas@thomasclausen.org">thomas@thomasclausen.org<=
/a>&gt;<br>Cc: Rex Buddenberg &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:budden@nps.navy.mil">bu=
dden@nps.navy.mil</a>&gt;, <a href=3D"mailto:manet@ietf.org">manet@ietf.org=
</a><br>
Message-ID:<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ABE739C5ADA=
C9A41ACCC72DF366B719D0275B53D@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET">ABE739C5ADAC9A41ACCC7=
2DF366B719D0275B53D@GLKMS2100.GREENLNK.NET</a>&gt;<br>Content-Type: text/pl=
ain; charset=3Dus-ascii<br>
<br>&gt; I can think<br>&gt; of no situation where dropping a whole packet =
if a contained message<br>&gt; doesn&#39;t validate would make sense<br><br=
>There are always two cases of &quot;doesn&#39;t validate&quot; to consider=
<br>
- Has signature, signature is bad.<br>- Doesn&#39;t have signature.<br><br>=
You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.<br>Whether=
 that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.<br><br>&gt; In =
terms of the way forward, it appears clear to me that discussing<br>
&gt; things in the context of protocols (NHDP/OLSRv2/DYMO) may be easier -<=
br><br>&gt; and allow us to extract the general/agnostic matters.<br><br>Ag=
reed. In fact it may make sense to say in NHDP/OLSRv2 specific drafts<br>
that an aim is exactly that, given the RFC 5444 multiplexing framework.<br>=
<br><br>*******************************************************************=
*<br>This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended<br>
recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended<br>recipi=
ent please delete it from your system and notify the sender.<br>You should =
not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose or<br>distribute its con=
tents to any other person.<br>
********************************************************************<br><br=
><br><br>------------------------------<br><br>Message: 4<br>Date: Thu, 19 =
Nov 2009 11:14:34 +0100<br>From: Henning Rogge &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:hennin=
g.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a>&gt;<br>
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts<br>To: Thomas Heide Clausen &lt;<a hre=
f=3D"mailto:thomas@thomasclausen.org">thomas@thomasclausen.org</a>&gt;<br>C=
c: Rex Buddenberg &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:budden@nps.navy.mil">budden@nps.nav=
y.mil</a>&gt;, &quot;Dearlove, =C2=A0 =C2=A0Christopher<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0\(UK\)&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Chris.Dearlov=
e@baesystems.com">Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com</a>&gt;, <a href=3D"mailto:=
manet@ietf.org">manet@ietf.org</a><br>Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:200=
911191114.34159.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">200911191114.34159.hennin=
g.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a>&gt;<br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3D&quot;iso-8859-1&quot;<br><br>On Thu No=
vember 19 2009 11:07:42 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:<br><br>&gt; &gt; Unsign=
ed or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used to<br>&gt; &gt; bl=
ock a node<br>
&gt; &gt; if the capability exists to forge your own MAC/Source-IP. You sim=
ply<br>&gt; &gt; don&#39;t<br>&gt; &gt; have any information where the mess=
age is coming from, the only<br>&gt; &gt; thing you can<br>&gt; &gt; do is =
to call a higher layer (Help, I&#39;m getting lot&#39;s of forged<br>
&gt; &gt; messages !).<br>&gt; &gt;<br>&gt; &gt; The only exception I see i=
s if you receive a message with a bad<br>&gt; &gt; signature but<br>&gt; &g=
t; the package was signed correctly. In this case it&#39;s clear that the<b=
r>
&gt; &gt; forwarding<br>&gt; &gt; node is either a stupid attacker or malfu=
nctioning, so you could<br>&gt; &gt; remove it.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Or, maybe, =
that the forwarding node was not equipped to validate the<br>&gt; signature=
. E.g. a protocol extension using a message type unknown to<br>
&gt; the forwarder, and where the &quot;key-space&quot; is proper to the ex=
tension<br>&gt; (i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensi=
ons (to<br>&gt; OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; I&#=
39;d not even consider &quot;good packet signature, bad message signature&q=
uot;<br>
&gt; as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.<br>I think this would =
depend on the policy of the network.<br><br>Maybe you drop the node at once=
 (because you have mandatory signature checking<br>on all nodes), maybe you=
 just drop the message and inform your IDS &quot;got bad<br>
message signature from node X forwarded by node Y&quot;.<br><br>Henning Rog=
ge<br><br>--<br>Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f?r=
<br>Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE<br>Kommunika=
tionssysteme (KOM)<br>
Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany<br>Telefon +49 228 9435-263,=
 =C2=A0 Fax +49 228 9435 685<br>mailto:<a href=3D"mailto:henning.rogge@fkie=
.fraunhofer.de">henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a> <a href=3D"http://www.=
fkie.fraunhofer.de/" target=3D"_blank">http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de</a><br=
>
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0<br>-------------- ne=
xt part --------------<br>A non-text attachment was scrubbed...<br>Name: no=
t available<br>Type: application/pgp-signature<br>Size: 197 bytes<br>Desc: =
This is a digitally signed message part.<br>
Url : &lt;<a href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/manet/attachments=
/20091119/d11ea6f3/attachment.sig" target=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/ma=
il-archive/web/manet/attachments/20091119/d11ea6f3/attachment.sig</a>&gt;<b=
r>
<br>------------------------------<br><br>Message: 5<br>Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2=
009 11:16:25 +0100<br>From: Thomas Heide Clausen &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:thom=
as@thomasclausen.org">thomas@thomasclausen.org</a>&gt;<br>Subject: Re: [man=
et] Security drafts<br>
To: Henning Rogge &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">h=
enning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a>&gt;<br>Cc: Rex Buddenberg &lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:budden@nps.navy.mil">budden@nps.navy.mil</a>&gt;, &quot;Dearlove=
, =C2=A0 =C2=A0Christopher<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0\(UK\)&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Chris.Dearlov=
e@baesystems.com">Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com</a>&gt;, <a href=3D"mailto:=
manet@ietf.org">manet@ietf.org</a><br>Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:CA9=
041AC-A550-4A53-A1A5-761F32D898BF@thomasclausen.org">CA9041AC-A550-4A53-A1A=
5-761F32D898BF@thomasclausen.org</a>&gt;<br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3DISO-8859-1; format=3Dflowed; delsp=3Dye=
s<br><br><br>On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:14 AM, Henning Rogge wrote:<br><br>&gt;=
 On Thu November 19 2009 11:07:42 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:<br>&gt;<br>&g=
t;&gt;&gt; Unsigned or badly signed messages/packets should NEVER be used t=
o<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; block a node<br>&gt;&gt;&gt; if the capability exists to forge=
 your own MAC/Source-IP. You simply<br>&gt;&gt;&gt; don&#39;t<br>&gt;&gt;&g=
t; have any information where the message is coming from, the only<br>&gt;&=
gt;&gt; thing you can<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; do is to call a higher layer (Help, I&#39;m getting lot&#39;s =
of forged<br>&gt;&gt;&gt; messages !).<br>&gt;&gt;&gt;<br>&gt;&gt;&gt; The =
only exception I see is if you receive a message with a bad<br>&gt;&gt;&gt;=
 signature but<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; the package was signed correctly. In this case it&#39;s clear =
that the<br>&gt;&gt;&gt; forwarding<br>&gt;&gt;&gt; node is either a stupid=
 attacker or malfunctioning, so you could<br>&gt;&gt;&gt; remove it.<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>&gt;&gt; Or, maybe, that the forwarding node was not equipped t=
o validate the<br>&gt;&gt; signature. E.g. a protocol extension using a mes=
sage type unknown to<br>&gt;&gt; the forwarder, and where the &quot;key-spa=
ce&quot; is proper to the extension<br>
&gt;&gt; (i.e. disjoint from that of NHDP/OLSRv2). I know of extensions (to=
<br>&gt;&gt; OLSRv1, though) where this is the case.<br>&gt;&gt;<br>&gt;&gt=
; I&#39;d not even consider &quot;good packet signature, bad message signat=
ure&quot;<br>
&gt;&gt; as a reason to remove the sender of the packet.<br>&gt; I think th=
is would depend on the policy of the network.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Maybe you dro=
p the node at once (because you have mandatory<br>&gt; signature checking<b=
r>
&gt; on all nodes), maybe you just drop the message and inform your IDS<br>=
&gt; &quot;got bad<br>&gt; message signature from node X forwarded by node =
Y&quot;.<br>&gt;<br><br>Right, I agree. This is rather deployment/policy de=
pendent. We just<br>
need to make sure that we not enforce a behavior that excludes useful<br>be=
haviors.<br><br>Thomas<br><br>&gt; Henning Rogge<br>&gt;<br>&gt; --<br>&gt;=
 Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f?r<br>&gt; Kommun=
ikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE<br>
&gt; Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)<br>&gt; Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtb=
erg, Germany<br>&gt; Telefon +49 228 9435-263, =C2=A0 Fax +49 228 9435 685<=
br>&gt; mailto:<a href=3D"mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">henning.=
rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a> <a href=3D"http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de/" tar=
get=3D"_blank">http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de</a><br>
&gt; GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0<br><br><br><br>=
------------------------------<br><br>Message: 6<br>Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 =
11:18:01 +0100<br>From: Thomas Heide Clausen &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:thomas@t=
homasclausen.org">thomas@thomasclausen.org</a>&gt;<br>
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts<br>To: &quot;Dearlove, Christopher (UK=
)&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com">Chris.Dearlove=
@baesystems.com</a>&gt;<br>Cc: Rex Buddenberg &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:budden@=
nps.navy.mil">budden@nps.navy.mil</a>&gt;, <a href=3D"mailto:manet@ietf.org=
">manet@ietf.org</a><br>
Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:0BB64875-3DCD-4C80-A3E4-FF706F4DB86F@thom=
asclausen.org">0BB64875-3DCD-4C80-A3E4-FF706F4DB86F@thomasclausen.org</a>&g=
t;<br>Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3DUS-ASCII; format=3Dflowed; delsp=
=3Dyes<br>
<br><br>On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:13 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:<br>=
<br>&gt;&gt; I can think<br>&gt;&gt; of no situation where dropping a whole=
 packet if a contained message<br>&gt;&gt; doesn&#39;t validate would make =
sense<br>
&gt;<br>&gt; There are always two cases of &quot;doesn&#39;t validate&quot;=
 to consider<br>&gt; - Has signature, signature is bad.<br>&gt; - Doesn&#39=
;t have signature.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; You can afford to be harsher in the form=
er case than the latter.<br>
&gt; Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter.<br>=
<br>Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on the list<br=
>just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable to drop the<br>
packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bystander not able<br>to=
 validate the contained messages that it forwards.<br><br>&gt;&gt; In terms=
 of the way forward, it appears clear to me that discussing<br>&gt;&gt; thi=
ngs in the context of protocols (NHDP/OLSRv2/DYMO) may be easier -<br>
&gt;<br>&gt;&gt; and allow us to extract the general/agnostic matters.<br>&=
gt;<br>&gt; Agreed. In fact it may make sense to say in NHDP/OLSRv2 specifi=
c<br>&gt; drafts<br>&gt; that an aim is exactly that, given the RFC 5444 mu=
ltiplexing<br>
&gt; framework.<br><br>I could live with that, Ulrich?<br><br><br><br><br>-=
-----------------------------<br><br>Message: 7<br>Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 1=
1:28:09 +0100<br>From: Henning Rogge &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:henning.rogge@fk=
ie.fraunhofer.de">henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a>&gt;<br>
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts<br>To: <a href=3D"mailto:manet@ietf.or=
g">manet@ietf.org</a><br>Cc: Rex Buddenberg &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:budden@np=
s.navy.mil">budden@nps.navy.mil</a>&gt;, &quot;Dearlove, =C2=A0 =C2=A0Chris=
topher<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0\(UK\)&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Chris.Dearlov=
e@baesystems.com">Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com</a>&gt;, =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0Thomas Heide Clausen<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0&lt;<a href=3D=
"mailto:thomas@thomasclausen.org">thomas@thomasclausen.org</a>&gt;<br>
Message-ID: &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:200911191128.20190.henning.rogge@fkie.fra=
unhofer.de">200911191128.20190.henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de</a>&gt;<br>=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3D&quot;iso-8859-1&quot;<br><br>On Thu No=
vember 19 2009 11:18:01 Thomas Heide Clausen wrote:<br>
&gt; On Nov 19, 2009, at 11:13 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:<br>&gt=
; &gt; You can afford to be harsher in the former case than the latter.<br>=
&gt; &gt; Whether that extends to dropping a whole packet is another matter=
.<br>
&gt;<br>&gt; Actually, I made a comment to this effect to Henning and on th=
e list<br>&gt; just now - not even in that case is it (always) reasonable t=
o drop the<br>&gt; packet, as the forwarder might just be an innocent bysta=
nder not able<br>
&gt; to validate the contained messages that it forwards.<br><br>I think th=
e signatures will get even more important in combination with the<br>state-=
machine-drafts mentioned at IETF. Together they would allow to check for<br=
>
misbehaving nodes and trigger alerts to an IDS infrastructure (or a local<b=
r>response daemon).<br><br>Henning Rogge<br><br>--<br>Diplom-Informatiker H=
enning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f?r<br>Kommunikation, Informationsverarb=
eitung und Ergonomie FKIE<br>
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)<br>Neuenahrer Stra?e 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germa=
ny<br>Telefon +49 228 9435-263, =C2=A0 Fax +49 228 9435 685<br>mailto:<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de">henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofe=
r.de</a> <a href=3D"http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de/" target=3D"_blank">http:=
//www.fkie.fraunhofer.de</a><br>
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0<br>-------------- ne=
xt part --------------<br>A non-text attachment was scrubbed...<br>Name: no=
t available<br>Type: application/pgp-signature<br>Size: 197 bytes<br>Desc: =
This is a digitally signed message part.<br>
Url : &lt;<a href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/manet/attachments=
/20091119/41534a0b/attachment.sig" target=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/ma=
il-archive/web/manet/attachments/20091119/41534a0b/attachment.sig</a>&gt;<b=
r>
<br>------------------------------<br><br>_________________________________=
______________<br>manet mailing list<br><a href=3D"mailto:manet@ietf.org">m=
anet@ietf.org</a><br><a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet=
" target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet</a><br>
<br><br>End of manet Digest, Vol 67, Issue 22<br>**************************=
***********<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear=3D"all"><br>-- <br>&quot;Ev=
ery one is the architect of his own fortune.&quot; =C2=A0 Mathurin Regnier<=
br>

--00504502ce958590260478b6f3e8--

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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
To: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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Subject: Re: [manet] [6lowpan] SNMP optimizations
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On Wed, Nov 18, 2009 at 10:10:23PM +0100, Ulrich Herberg wrote:

[... we should restrict this to one mailing list...]

> However, it is unclear whether the code footprint of SNMP
> implementations can fit into the memory of small devices. From
> discussions with several persons from the MANET WG, I conclude that
> for MANET the same problem exists. (and I think for ROLL, too?)
> 
> I have several questions that came to my mind about this topic:
> 
> - First of all, to which WG does this issue belong to? Or is it -- as
> I suppose -- a common problem for the three working groups addressed
> in this mail?

I don't know.

> - Is this really an issue? Are there implementations of SNMP (maybe
> not open-source) that can be run on very small devices such as
> considered in 6lowpan/ROLL/MANET? Is there any experimental (or
> theoretical) analysis whether SNMP (or any other standardized
> management protocol) can run on these devices?

The question is under specified. What is a "very small device" and how
much can a "very small device" devote to SNMP? And what is SNMP? The
SNMPv3 specs are pretty modular. One of the more important questions
is how you deal with security - the security code has the potential to
be bigger than the rest of the SNMP engine. And it boils down to the
question of how many MIB objects you support and to what extend you
hardwire things. Remember that SNMP is a child of the late 80s and
early versions were sometimes embedded into devices that could not
afford TCP. Of course, the 80s version of SNMP did not care much about
security...

> - If SNMP cannot be used for small devices, how can we manage and
> monitor these devices then? (e.g. using proxies, different message
> formats such as proposed in 6lowapp, etc.). Do we need a different
> lightweight protocol for management?

Again, the big question is how to deal with the security aspect. SNMP
originally was lightweight because there was no security. It took the
IETF many years to find a workable security solution and even today
people are working on utilizing transport layer security protocols
within SNMP (see ISMS working group).

>  - Can we provide SNMP not only on a single device, but for a whole
> network? That might need an aggregator device that runs full SNMP and
> collects the data from the low power devices. This would imply to
> monitor statistics of a whole network (e.g. number of links, average
> throughput, average path-length, etc.)

Sure, there are ways of doing this. For read-only objects, this is
relatively easy - it can get a bit messy if you have read-write
objects. Whether this direction is worthwhile to explore depends on
how you solve the security issues and whether a dependency on a
"gateway" is desirable in the first place.

>  - What kind of objects should be provided in a MIB running on a
> MANET/6lowpan/ROLL device? This might be specific to the routing
> protocol, but there can be commonalities.

In general, the IETF tends to break MIB modules down along protocol
functions. Following this approach, a ROLL MIB module would report
data about the ROLL routing protocol. A 6LoWPAN MIB would report data
about the 6LoWPAN layer, that is for example the list of supported
6LoWPAN protocol features and counters for 6LoWPAN processing failures
(e.g. reassembly failures) that help to trouble shoot 6LoWPAN issues.
I would hope that some IPv6 MIB objects apply as well and then there
should ideally be an IEEE 802.15.4 MIB module for this particular
radio technology. I do not think there is much overlap if things get
structured well. This, however, might be difficult to achieve if work
is spread over several WGs.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Subject: Re: [manet] manet Digest, Vol 67, Issue 22
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Am Donnerstag 19 November 2009 11:37:51 schrieb Kavitha Ammayappan:
> I would like to put forth my view about the usage of signatures for
>  claiming security in MANET. Why should we look in to some other
>  alternative instead of signatures for claiming security in MANET as it
>  consumes much energy?
=46irst not all attacks on a MANET can be contained with signatures.
Second signatures open an attack vector itself on the CPU consumption of th=
e=20
protocoll.
Third embedded nodes might be not equipped to run signatures on their messa=
ges=20
including signatures to prove their links.

Henning Rogge

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Thu Nov 19 09:14:34 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
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> I would like to put forth my view about the usage of signatures 
> for claiming security in MANET. Why should we look in to some 
> other alternative instead of signatures for claiming security
> in MANET as it consumes much energy?

If you've got a solution that's lower energy, I'm sure we'd
like to hear it. But as this is the IETF not the IRTF I think
we're limited to the art of the currently possible, not an
open-ended look for something else.

Here's the basic problem. I want to form an ad hoc network. How
do I allow A and B (who are "good guys") to join with me to start
that network, but not allow X (who is a "bad guy") to join.

That's not to say that any solution to that problem is acceptable.
It might be too expensive (as you note). But it also might not
solve the problem, it might have too much pre-configuration needed,
it might introduce new problems, to name but three. But something
that solves that is a minimal starting point.


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From gumstix@scatechnica.com  Thu Nov 19 11:06:16 2009
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Hello,
I would like to add a few points for consideration to the security 
discussion

First, when ever you add new behavior to a system, you bring in new 
security concerns. I always like to think of Manet as an addition to an 
existing wireless system’s communication stack. A wireless communication 
system can still work without Manet (or Mesh, etc); the communication 
node will not have the multi hop, discovery, etc capabilities. Thus, 
Manet’s scope should be limited to only the new functionality added to 
the system.

Is there a definition of Manet that defines its domain/scope within a 
system? I know there is an RFP at the OMG for a platform independent 
model for Manet providing such a description (I was part of the group 
who submitted it).

If the domain/scope is not clear, then you cannot understand the assets 
that are specific to Manet (as apposed to a point to point communication 
network). If you cannot understand what the assets are then you cannot 
understand what vulnerabilities and threats are specific to Manet and 
what what vulnerabilities and threat are against other communication 
mechanisms and services within a system. Example, jamming is not an 
attack against Manet but is an attack on a nodes RF broadcast. While it 
affects Manet and multi hop networking can be used to route around it 
ultimately does not stop the jamming’s effect if the end node is the 
target. Manet cannot provide any mitigation against such an attack. A 
jamming attack can still take place and the mitigation against such an 
attack must come from layer 1.

End to End security is not a concern for Manet because it is outside of 
scope. I can provide end to end security with or without Manet because 
such security services are outside of Manet’s scope. For example: IPSec 
does not care if a system is Manet enabled or not. While this does help 
enhance the security of a system, it does not address the security 
concerns that are specific to Manet. End to end security is address at 
layer 3 or higher in the network stack. (be it IP end to end 
communication or application to application). Unless manet replaces one 
or more of these layers, then end to end security should not be a 
concern for manet security and should be handled by other security 
mechanisms and services.

Point to Point security may even be in Manet scope because there are 
many examples of point to point security without Manet. So the question 
is, is p2p within the domain / scope of what Manet brings to a system. 
Point to point security is address at layer 2 in the network stack. 
Unless manet replaces layer 2, then point to point security should not 
be a concern for manet security and should be handled by other security 
mechanisms and services at layer 2.

If a manet design implementation replaces either point to point or end 
to end communication in existing network stacks, then it must address 
the security concerns for each.

The multi hop route security concerns are clearly within the 
scope/domain of Manet because this is what is it brings to a system. 
Multihop is neither point to point nor end to end communication but 
exists someplace in between.

Security engineering requires a series of steps to be able to more 
accurately identify the needed security architecture, mechanisms and 
services.  The assets that are specific to the components (Manet) need 
to be identified, then identify the vulnerabilities for these assets and 
then find the attacks and their associated threats which leverage the 
various vulnerabilities. Once this is done, one can properly begin to 
identify the needed security architecture, design, services and 
mechanisms to mitigate the threats and attacks. If this is not done, 
your security requirements/recommendations will not be traceable, 
incomplete or improperly over reaching.

Tony Martin

From teco@inf-net.nl  Thu Nov 19 12:04:43 2009
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I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets. This would
protect for all protocols. I think Chris and Henning said this before.
Can [ Thomas | Ulrich ] explain?

Teco.



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On Nov 19, 2009, at 9:04 PM, Teco Boot wrote:

> I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets. This would
> protect for all protocols. I think Chris and Henning said this before.
> Can [ Thomas | Ulrich ] explain?

It would not solve the problem for TC messages, or any other messages  
that are relayed beyond 1 hop - so it wouldn't protect for all  
protocols.

Thomas


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Am Donnerstag 19 November 2009 21:04:38 schrieb Teco Boot:
> I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets. This would
> protect for all protocols. I think Chris and Henning said this before.
> Can [ Thomas | Ulrich ] explain?
Signing packets ist to protect the link, signing messages the end-2-end dat=
a=20
transfer.

for NHDP signing packets could be enough, but signing messages would do the=
=20
job too.

Henning Rogge

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From thomas@thomasclausen.org  Thu Nov 19 12:17:11 2009
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On Nov 19, 2009, at 9:09 PM, Henning Rogge wrote:

> Am Donnerstag 19 November 2009 21:04:38 schrieb Teco Boot:
>> I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets. This would
>> protect for all protocols. I think Chris and Henning said this  
>> before.
>> Can [ Thomas | Ulrich ] explain?
> Signing packets ist to protect the link, signing messages the end-2- 
> end data
> transfer.
>

Agree.

> for NHDP signing packets could be enough, but signing messages would  
> do the
> job too.
>

Actually, one might want to have a link advertised in a HELLO message  
with "both ends of the link signing for its existence", and so I would  
say that even NHDP would not (universally) be sufficiently supported  
by "just packet signatures".

Besides, each protocol with messages carried inside the same RFC5444  
packet might just use very different keys, signing processes, .....

Thomas


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Am Donnerstag 19 November 2009 21:17:05 schrieb Thomas Heide Clausen:
> On Nov 19, 2009, at 9:09 PM, Henning Rogge wrote:
> > Signing packets ist to protect the link, signing messages the end-2-
> > end data transfer.
>=20
> Agree.
>=20
> > for NHDP signing packets could be enough, but signing messages would
> > do the
> > job too.
>=20
> Actually, one might want to have a link advertised in a HELLO message
> with "both ends of the link signing for its existence", and so I would
> say that even NHDP would not (universally) be sufficiently supported
> by "just packet signatures".
This "co-signing" of links would be a very expensive operation, especially =
in=20
dense networks. Both expensive in terms of network load and cpu-power.
=20
> Besides, each protocol with messages carried inside the same RFC5444
> packet might just use very different keys, signing processes, .....
Yes.

Henning Rogge

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From jdean@itd.nrl.navy.mil  Thu Nov 19 12:26:28 2009
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From: "Justin Dean" <jdean@itd.nrl.navy.mil>
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It also has to do with the way RFC5444 delegates protocols to message types.
Having it at the packet level is okay but limited as it would have to work
correctly for all protocols.  A simple drop it if it doesn't have a
(correct) key works and is what I believe either Chris or Thomas mentioned
they might have a draft or are working on.  It doesn't however support
multiple hop signing to take advantage of possible heterogeneous situations
where not all routers (for whatever reason) understand signatures.  To me
there is value in having both.

Justin
> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
> Of Henning Rogge
> Sent: Thursday, November 19, 2009 3:09 PM
> To: manet@ietf.org
> Cc: 'Dearlove, Christopher (UK)'; 'Thomas Heide Clausen'
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> 
> Am Donnerstag 19 November 2009 21:04:38 schrieb Teco Boot:
> > I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets. This would
> > protect for all protocols. I think Chris and Henning said this
> before.
> > Can [ Thomas | Ulrich ] explain?
> Signing packets ist to protect the link, signing messages the end-2-end
> data transfer.
> 
> for NHDP signing packets could be enough, but signing messages would do
> the job too.
> 
> Henning Rogge



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Henning

On Thu, Nov 19, 2009 at 9:25 PM, Henning Rogge <hrogge@googlemail.com> wrote:
> Am Donnerstag 19 November 2009 21:17:05 schrieb Thomas Heide Clausen:
>> On Nov 19, 2009, at 9:09 PM, Henning Rogge wrote:
>> > Signing packets ist to protect the link, signing messages the end-2-
>> > end data transfer.
>>
>> Agree.
>>
>> > for NHDP signing packets could be enough, but signing messages would
>> > do the
>> > job too.
>>
>> Actually, one might want to have a link advertised in a HELLO message
>> with "both ends of the link signing for its existence", and so I would
>> say that even NHDP would not (universally) be sufficiently supported
>> by "just packet signatures".
> This "co-signing" of links would be a very expensive operation, especially in
> dense networks. Both expensive in terms of network load and cpu-power.

Yes, and as such it should not be mandatory. But for some deployments
that can be okay, so I think we should consider it as an additional
means of protection.

>
>> Besides, each protocol with messages carried inside the same RFC5444
>> packet might just use very different keys, signing processes, .....
> Yes.

I second that. We definitely need signatures of messages in the
NHDP/OLSR-sec drafts. The question is, do we additionally allow to
sign packets?

Ulrich

From jasteven@rockwellcollins.com  Thu Nov 19 14:21:39 2009
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Christopher Dearlove wrote on Thur, 19 Nov 2009 that

>> I can think 
>> of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message 
>> doesn't validate would make sense
>
>There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
>- Has signature, signature is bad.
>- Doesn't have signature.

Even if packet/messages have valid signature, should also consider 
protecting against someone recording a valid transmission/message and then 
replaying it from a different part of the network as if the packet/message 
originated from there.

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<br><font size=2><tt>Christopher Dearlove wrote on Thur, 19 Nov 2009 that</tt></font>
<br>
<br><font size=2><tt>&gt;&gt; I can think &nbsp;<br>
&gt;&gt; of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message
&nbsp;<br>
&gt;&gt; doesn't validate would make sense<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;There are always two cases of &quot;doesn't validate&quot; to consider<br>
&gt;- Has signature, signature is bad.<br>
&gt;- Doesn't have signature.</tt></font>
<br>
<br><font size=2><tt>Even if packet/messages have valid signature, should
also consider protecting against someone recording a valid transmission/message
and then replaying it from a different part of the network as if the packet/message
originated from there.</tt></font>
<br>
--=_alternative 007AB41486257673_=--

From ulrich@herberg.name  Thu Nov 19 14:28:27 2009
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Hi,

On Thu, Nov 19, 2009 at 11:20 PM,  <jasteven@rockwellcollins.com> wrote:
>
> Christopher Dearlove wrote on Thur, 19 Nov 2009 that
>
>>> I can think
>>> of no situation where dropping a whole packet if a contained message
>>> doesn't validate would make sense
>>
>>There are always two cases of "doesn't validate" to consider
>>- Has signature, signature is bad.
>>- Doesn't have signature.
>
> Even if packet/messages have valid signature, should also consider
> protecting against someone recording a valid transmission/message and then
> replaying it from a different part of the network as if the packet/message
> originated from there.

Yes, this is an optional part of the NHDP-sec draft (and will be in
the OLSRv2-sec draft as well). The draft allows to include a timestamp
TLV in messages and to reject messages that are "too old". The reason
why this is optional is that it has some additional assumptions (such
as synchronized clocks). In the current revision of the draft, only
the unix timestamp is used for the timestamp TLV. As Henning pointed
out, the others uses of the timestamp TLV as described in the
packetbb-sec draft (e.g. using NTP time format, or a sequence number)
could be allowed as well for protection against replay attacks.

Ulrich

From teco@inf-net.nl  Thu Nov 19 23:17:57 2009
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Thanks for the replies on signing NHDP msgs or packets.
However, I did not see an answer. The replies were for
other protocols, or IMHO special cases.
I'm getting worried on having std track mechanism for
MANET protocol security. I think we should define
the basics first, that MUST be supported. After that
we could define other mechanisms, but as I see it now
this is experimental.

Teco.


>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: Thomas Heide Clausen [mailto:thomas@thomasclausen.org]
>Verzonden: donderdag 19 november 2009 21:17
>Aan: Henning Rogge
>CC: manet@ietf.org; Teco Boot; 'Ulrich Herberg'; 'Dearlove, Christopher
>(UK)'
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
>
>
>On Nov 19, 2009, at 9:09 PM, Henning Rogge wrote:
>
>> Am Donnerstag 19 November 2009 21:04:38 schrieb Teco Boot:
>>> I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets. This would
>>> protect for all protocols. I think Chris and Henning said this
>>> before.
>>> Can [ Thomas | Ulrich ] explain?
>> Signing packets ist to protect the link, signing messages the end-2-
>> end data
>> transfer.
>>
>
>Agree.
>
>> for NHDP signing packets could be enough, but signing messages would
>> do the
>> job too.
>>
>
>Actually, one might want to have a link advertised in a HELLO message
>with "both ends of the link signing for its existence", and so I would
>say that even NHDP would not (universally) be sufficiently supported
>by "just packet signatures".
>
>Besides, each protocol with messages carried inside the same RFC5444
>packet might just use very different keys, signing processes, .....
>
>Thomas


From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Fri Nov 20 01:13:16 2009
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On Fri November 20 2009 08:17:47 Teco Boot wrote:
> Thanks for the replies on signing NHDP msgs or packets.
> However, I did not see an answer. The replies were for
> other protocols, or IMHO special cases.
> I'm getting worried on having std track mechanism for
> MANET protocol security. I think we should define
> the basics first, that MUST be supported. After that
> we could define other mechanisms, but as I see it now
> this is experimental.
Signing packets helps to achive link-layer security for packetbb. If you ha=
ve=20
signed packets and don't want to sign the neighbor entries in the HELLOs, y=
ou=20
might just skip signing NHDP messages.

But I think the NHDP security draft should only work on signatures/encrypti=
on=20
of the NHDP messages. Packet signatures can be handled in a packetbb securi=
ty=20
draft.

Henning Rogge
=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Fri Nov 20 01:19:53 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Thomas Heide Clausen" <thomas@thomasclausen.org>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>
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> I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets.

Without looking at the draft, I see no reason why a
particular deployment can't choose one, and another
deployment the other.

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From teco@inf-net.nl  Fri Nov 20 01:22:39 2009
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>But I think the NHDP security draft should only work on
>signatures/encryption
>of the NHDP messages. Packet signatures can be handled in a packetbb
>security
>draft.

This is what I don't get. Having packetbb-sec in std track,
we don't need something for 1-hop messages. Securing packets
will do.

Teco.



From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Fri Nov 20 01:24:28 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>, "Henning Rogge" <hrogge@googlemail.com>
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> I second that. We definitely need signatures of messages in the
> NHDP/OLSR-sec drafts. The question is, do we additionally allow to
> sign packets?

Yes. While message signatures offer advantages, packet signatures
also have their uses. For example if you are prepared to assume
that no node is ever compromised, and the signature process is
flawless (I'm not, but a system offering a basic level of security
might) then packet signatures might suffice. Packet signatures
used in addition to message signatures might also offer some
advantages in some cases.

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>> I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets.
>
>Without looking at the draft, I see no reason why a
>particular deployment can't choose one, and another
>deployment the other.

Unless our goal is publishing lots of RFCs, I don't see
the benefit. Remember, we want to define some standards.
Having multiple options is contra-productive.

Teco.



From ulrich@herberg.name  Fri Nov 20 01:29:18 2009
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On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 10:24 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>> I second that. We definitely need signatures of messages in the
>> NHDP/OLSR-sec drafts. The question is, do we additionally allow to
>> sign packets?
>
> Yes. While message signatures offer advantages, packet signatures
> also have their uses. For example if you are prepared to assume
> that no node is ever compromised, and the signature process is
> flawless (I'm not, but a system offering a basic level of security
> might) then packet signatures might suffice. Packet signatures
> used in addition to message signatures might also offer some
> advantages in some cases.

Okay, I think that we can indeed suggest a packet signature mechanism.
But as Henning pointed out before, I do not think that this would be
part of the NHDP-sec draft, since it is a lower layer mechanism. I
suggest that we include it in the packetbb-sec draft. If in a
deployment of NHDP/OLSRv2 no message signatures are required, the
NHDP-/OLSRv2-sec drafts can be ignored then. Rejected packets would
simply be never delivered to the NHDP/OLSRv2/otherprotocol instances.

Ulrich

From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Fri Nov 20 01:30:16 2009
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> Even if packet/messages have valid signature, should
> also consider protecting against someone recording
> a valid transmission/message and then replaying it
> from a different part of the network as if the
> packet/message originated from there.

The delayed in time replay attack has some protection
offered in the general draft by means of a timestamp.
If you can ship a message across a network quickly
(cooperating attackers, or one fast attacker) so that
the timestamp doesn't protect you, then you need
something more. What you can do, I'm not sure.


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From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Fri Nov 20 01:32:26 2009
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On Fri November 20 2009 10:26:14 Teco Boot wrote:
> >> I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets.
> >
> >Without looking at the draft, I see no reason why a
> >particular deployment can't choose one, and another
> >deployment the other.
>=20
> Unless our goal is publishing lots of RFCs, I don't see
> the benefit. Remember, we want to define some standards.
> Having multiple options is contra-productive.
Signing all packets have a huge overhead compared to signing only your own=
=20
messages, because you have to sign packages that only contain forwarded=20
messages.

So signing NHDP messages, even if you don't sign the links of NHDP, have it=
's=20
use cases.

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
mailto:henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de http://www.fkie.fraunhofer.de
GPG: E1C6 0914 490B 3909 D944 F80D 4487 C67C 55EC CFE0

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From ulrich@herberg.name  Fri Nov 20 01:33:55 2009
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On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 10:26 AM, Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl> wrote:
>>> I don't get why we sign nhdp msgs and not the packets.
>>
>>Without looking at the draft, I see no reason why a
>>particular deployment can't choose one, and another
>>deployment the other.
>
> Unless our goal is publishing lots of RFCs, I don't see
> the benefit. Remember, we want to define some standards.
> Having multiple options is contra-productive.

No, I don't think so. A major principle of this security work bases on
the principle no "one-size-fits-all". As Chris and Thomas pointed out,
there are many cases where message signatures are required. However, I
also understand that in some cases, packet signatures are sufficient.
For the latter, a modification of the packetbb-sec draft (or a new
draft for packet based signatures?) can be provided.

Ulrich

From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Fri Nov 20 01:38:32 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
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> I'm getting worried on having std track mechanism for
> MANET protocol security.

Has anyone suggested standards track now?

> I think we should define
> the basics first, that MUST be supported.

I don't believe we can actually define what must be
supported. If someone is working in an environment
requiring high grade military security, and someone
else is working in an environment where authentication
is basically there to prevent accidental network
joining, they aren't going to have much in common in
their implementations, beyond working in the same
framework.

> After that
> we could define other mechanisms,

I'm not sure what you are considering now and later.
I would consider all of the framework proposed (message
and packet, timestamps and signatures, a space for a
range of algorithms, a few basic ones defined now) as
for now.

> but as I see it now
> this is experimental.

I would have to be persuaded that was not the case if
that is proposed.

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From ulrich@herberg.name  Fri Nov 20 01:39:37 2009
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 10:30 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>> Even if packet/messages have valid signature, should
>> also consider protecting against someone recording
>> a valid transmission/message and then replaying it
>> from a different part of the network as if the
>> packet/message originated from there.
>
> The delayed in time replay attack has some protection
> offered in the general draft by means of a timestamp.
> If you can ship a message across a network quickly
> (cooperating attackers, or one fast attacker) so that
> the timestamp doesn't protect you, then you need
> something more. What you can do, I'm not sure.

Yes, this is an accurate description. I am not sure we can do anything
against this attack. In research, there are heuristics against these
attacks, based on additional information such as positions of routers,
radio range of the wireless interfaces, etc. But without such
information, I am not aware how such attacks can be counteracted.

Ulrich

From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Fri Nov 20 01:41:16 2009
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> But I think the NHDP security draft should only work on
signatures/encryption 
> of the NHDP messages. Packet signatures can be handled in a packetbb
security 
> draft.

The NHDP draft should refer to the RFC 5444 security
draft and note that packet signatures may be appropriate,
especially if not also running any other protocol that
requires more than one hop messages. But the details can
be left in the general RFC 5444 security draft, I agree.

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From ulrich@herberg.name  Fri Nov 20 01:43:28 2009
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Date: Fri, 20 Nov 2009 10:43:21 +0100
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From: Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>
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Teco,

On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 10:38 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>> I'm getting worried on having std track mechanism for
>> MANET protocol security.
>
> Has anyone suggested standards track now?

The intended status is Experimental.


>> I think we should define
>> the basics first, that MUST be supported.
>
> I don't believe we can actually define what must be
> supported. If someone is working in an environment
> requiring high grade military security, and someone
> else is working in an environment where authentication
> is basically there to prevent accidental network
> joining, they aren't going to have much in common in
> their implementations, beyond working in the same
> framework.

Yes, again: no "one-size-fits-all".


>> After that
>> we could define other mechanisms,
>
> I'm not sure what you are considering now and later.
> I would consider all of the framework proposed (message
> and packet, timestamps and signatures, a space for a
> range of algorithms, a few basic ones defined now) as
> for now.
>
>> but as I see it now
>> this is experimental.
>
> I would have to be persuaded that was not the case if
> that is proposed.

Ulrich

From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Fri Nov 20 01:44:02 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Thomas Heide Clausen" <thomas@thomasclausen.org>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>
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> Unless our goal is publishing lots of RFCs, I don't see
> the benefit. Remember, we want to define some standards.
> Having multiple options is contra-productive.

Different people have seriously different security
requirements. You only need to look at the affiliations
of some people in this WG, from one of the chairs on
down, to consider why.

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On Fri, Nov 20, 2009 at 10:41 AM, Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
<Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com> wrote:
>> But I think the NHDP security draft should only work on
> signatures/encryption
>> of the NHDP messages. Packet signatures can be handled in a packetbb
> security
>> draft.
>
> The NHDP draft should refer to the RFC 5444 security
> draft and note that packet signatures may be appropriate,
> especially if not also running any other protocol that
> requires more than one hop messages. But the details can
> be left in the general RFC 5444 security draft, I agree.

Yes, I agree with that.

Ulrich

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To: 'Ulrich Herberg' <ulrich@herberg.name>, "manet@ietf.org" <manet@ietf.org>, "T.Clausen@computer.org" <T.Clausen@computer.org>
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Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
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Please excuss the out-of sync comments on the security drafts ... I'm an in=
frequent lurket on this list ....            =20
On draft-herberg-manet-packetbb-sec-02

The Hash functions can be usefully truncated to smaller sizes than the bloc=
k size.  Are all 256 bits of SHA256 intended to be used (table 3)?  If not =
- Ids should be made for each size to prevent a hash truncation attack.

   |      3      |   SHA256  |    The hash function as specified in    |
   |             |           |                 [SHA256]                |

On=20
       9.2.3. Cryptographic Algorithm Registry

Please remove 3DES it's a deprecated algorithm and should not be used.
AES is not fully defined - are you intending to use a AES-CBC MIC?

   |        4        |    3DES   |     3DES as specified in [3DES]     |
   |        5        |    AES    |      AES as specified in [AES]      |

It's also odd having the mix of public and symmetric key algorithms in the =
same table.  The properties are different.  Not indicating the key distribu=
tion methods leaves a big hole wrt PK usage. =20

Event the symmetric algorithm typically could use a "security association i=
dentifier".  If there is no identifier, the mapping of keys to addresses sh=
ould be better defined. =20



Paul




Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
> Teco Boot
> Sent: Monday, November 16, 2009 12:18 PM
> To: 'Ulrich Herberg'; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
>=20
> Hi Ulrich,
>=20
> I'll comment on sec-threats first. This would line out what needs
> to be done.
>=20
> At first, I would like to distinguish networks that have L2 protection
> and those who have not. For the firsts, we could skip the whole thing.
>=20
> Then, we want to know what to protect, and against who. Let's say we
> have the good guys and the bad guys. The question is, do the bad guys
> think the good guys are the bad guys? In other words, are there
> multiple groups on the same medium? Do we want to separate those
> with crypto? Or use some kind of identifier?
>=20
> After more analysis of threats, I expect a demand for protecting packets,
> not messages. Messages are updated along the path, only by the good guys.
> For OLSR, there is only the hop-count and hop-limit being updated. For
> DYMO, there is a lot more. Who knows what future brings.
>=20
> Regards, Teco.
>=20
>=20
> >-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> >Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
> >Ulrich Herberg
> >Verzonden: donderdag 12 november 2009 6:44
> >Aan: manet@ietf.org
> >Onderwerp: [manet] Security drafts
> >
> >Hi,
> >
> >as mentioned during my presentation of security extensions to packetbb
> >and NHDP, here are my drafts:
> >
> >http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-packetbb-sec-02
> >http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-threats-00.txt
> >http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-herberg-manet-nhdp-sec-00
> >
> >
> >Feel free to read them and give me comments.
> >
> >Thanks
> >Ulrich
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Wed Nov 25 22:26:14 2009
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On Thu November 26 2009 01:10:08 Paul Lambert wrote:
> Please excuss the out-of sync comments on the security drafts ... I'm an
>  infrequent lurket on this list .... On draft-herberg-manet-packetbb-sec-=
02
>=20
> The Hash functions can be usefully truncated to smaller sizes than the
>  block size.  Are all 256 bits of SHA256 intended to be used (table 3)?  =
If
>  not - Ids should be made for each size to prevent a hash truncation
>  attack.
>=20
>    |      3      |   SHA256  |    The hash function as specified in    |
>    |
>    |             |           |                 [SHA256]                |
I agree to this, the length of the truncated string would be in the length=
=20
field of the TLV anyways. We only have to define that we store a prefix of =
the=20
hash.

> On
>        9.2.3. Cryptographic Algorithm Registry
>=20
> Please remove 3DES it's a deprecated algorithm and should not be used.
3DES should be nearly useless today, SHA1 should be faster.

> AES is not fully defined - are you intending to use a AES-CBC MIC?
>    |        4        |    3DES   |     3DES as specified in [3DES]     |
>    |        5        |    AES    |      AES as specified in [AES]      |
>=20
> It's also odd having the mix of public and symmetric key algorithms in the
>  same table.  The properties are different.  Not indicating the key
>  distribution methods leaves a big hole wrt PK usage.
Key distribution is out of scope for the MANET WG I think.

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
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> The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
> to smaller sizes than the block size.

If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
(of value) field could define the truncated size.

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On Thu November 26 2009 10:43:02 Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> > The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
> > to smaller sizes than the block size.
>=20
> If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
> be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
> fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
> (of value) field could define the truncated size.
In a good hash every byte should contain the same amount of information. So=
=20
just using the prefix should be okay. It does not change the strength of th=
e=20
hash function but increase the chance of random collisions.

Henning Rogge

=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
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Henning Rogge wrote:
> On Thu November 26 2009 01:10:08 Paul Lambert wrote:
>   
>> On
>>        9.2.3. Cryptographic Algorithm Registry
>>
>> Please remove 3DES it's a deprecated algorithm and should not be used.
>>     
> 3DES should be nearly useless today, SHA1 should be faster.
>   
SHA1, as of 2010, is no longer recommended by NIST; collisions were
found reducing complexity. Md5 is no longer secure either.

Tony Martin

From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon Nov 30 01:15:47 2009
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That's the advantage of the code point in the draft: signature
algorithms can be easily removed or added. Thanks Tony for that
information, we will consider that when updating the draft.

Ulrich

On Mon, Nov 30, 2009 at 4:13 AM, Tony <gumstix@scatechnica.com> wrote:
> Henning Rogge wrote:
>> On Thu November 26 2009 01:10:08 Paul Lambert wrote:
>>
>>> On
>>> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A09.2.3. Cryptographic Algorithm Registry
>>>
>>> Please remove 3DES it's a deprecated algorithm and should not be used.
>>>
>> 3DES should be nearly useless today, SHA1 should be faster.
>>
> SHA1, as of 2010, is no longer recommended by NIST; collisions were
> found reducing complexity. Md5 is no longer secure either.
>
> Tony Martin
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
>

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From: Paul Lambert <paul@marvell.com>
To: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, Ulrich Herberg <ulrich@herberg.name>, "manet@ietf.org" <manet@ietf.org>, "T.Clausen@computer.org" <T.Clausen@computer.org>
Date: Mon, 30 Nov 2009 09:40:39 -0800
X-ASG-Orig-Subj: RE: [manet] Security drafts
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So, imagine a message is sent with a hash of length 256.  It could be inter=
cepted, and easily truncated to a length of 8.  Both the hash and the lengt=
h value could be changed.  Hash truncation is not so much the issue as the =
reduction in size - which would greatly reduce the search space for valid h=
ash values.

The definition requires at least a notion of the enforcement of a minimum a=
cceptable hash size.=20

Paul
=20
Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dearlove, Christopher (UK) [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
> Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 1:43 AM
> To: Paul Lambert; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org; T.Clausen@computer.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>=20
> > The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
> > to smaller sizes than the block size.
>=20
> If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
> be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
> fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
> (of value) field could define the truncated size.
>=20
> ********************************************************************
> This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
> recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
> recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
> You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose or
> distribute its contents to any other person.
> ********************************************************************


From teco@inf-net.nl  Mon Nov 30 09:58:39 2009
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From: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>
To: "'Paul Lambert'" <paul@marvell.com>, "'Dearlove, Christopher \(UK\)'" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, "'Ulrich Herberg'" <ulrich@herberg.name>, <manet@ietf.org>, <T.Clausen@computer.org>
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I had similar thoughts. Add type and length in hashed text?
Teco.

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens Paul
>Lambert
>Verzonden: maandag 30 november 2009 18:41
>Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
>T.Clausen@computer.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
>
>
>So, imagine a message is sent with a hash of length 256.  It could be
>intercepted, and easily truncated to a length of 8.  Both the hash and
>the length value could be changed.  Hash truncation is not so much the
>issue as the reduction in size - which would greatly reduce the search
>space for valid hash values.
>
>The definition requires at least a notion of the enforcement of a
>minimum acceptable hash size.
>
>Paul
>
>Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>[mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>> Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 1:43 AM
>> To: Paul Lambert; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
>T.Clausen@computer.org
>> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>>
>> > The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
>> > to smaller sizes than the block size.
>>
>> If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
>> be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
>> fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
>> (of value) field could define the truncated size.
>>
>> ********************************************************************
>> This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
>> recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
>> recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
>> You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose or
>> distribute its contents to any other person.
>> ********************************************************************
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Mon Nov 30 10:00:14 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
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There's a key issue here of how much is agreed between sender
and recipient (and more widely, all the nodes in the MANET).
In the applications I'm thinking of, which are about signing,
not simply attaching a hash, the nodes will have pre-arranged
some things (how is an issue I'm not getting into now) and
that will actually probably make the specification of which
algorithm, and what length, redundant in that it's pre-agreed.
That's not to say those things shouldn't be included - but see
my next paragraph - and the TLV value length is mandatory
(RFC 5444, needed to parse). But there's no issue in those
cases of the attacker doing what you suggest as that would
fail the pre-arrangement, and hence be a (cheap) authentication
failure. But other systems may be different (that's the whole
point here) and so this might be an issue. But is the solution
in this draft to specify limitations, or to specify that
limitations will be needed, but those are administrative?

A thought that arose typing the above. I think (meaning I don't
have time to check right now) that type extension zero (which
is the most efficient type) is allocated to "none". The above
suggests to me that a possible type extension might be for
"if this is for you, you know what it is". Should that have
type extension 0? Or does type extension 255 (private use)
allow this?

--=20
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: Paul Lambert [mailto:paul@marvell.com]=20
Sent: 30 November 2009 17:41
To: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
T.Clausen@computer.org
Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts


                    *** WARNING ***

  This message has originated outside your organisation,
  either from an external partner or the Global Internet.=20
      Keep this in mind if you answer this message.


So, imagine a message is sent with a hash of length 256.  It could be
intercepted, and easily truncated to a length of 8.  Both the hash and
the length value could be changed.  Hash truncation is not so much the
issue as the reduction in size - which would greatly reduce the search
space for valid hash values.

The definition requires at least a notion of the enforcement of a
minimum acceptable hash size.=20

Paul
=20
Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
[mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
> Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 1:43 AM
> To: Paul Lambert; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
T.Clausen@computer.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>=20
> > The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
> > to smaller sizes than the block size.
>=20
> If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
> be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
> fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
> (of value) field could define the truncated size.
>=20
> ********************************************************************
> This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
> recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
> recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
> You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose or
> distribute its contents to any other person.
> ********************************************************************



From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Mon Nov 30 10:04:12 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Paul Lambert" <paul@marvell.com>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>, <manet@ietf.org>, <T.Clausen@computer.org>
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Adding type and length in hashed text doesn't work. Or
rather it does, but only if you add them in a separate
TLV just for this purpose, and that's getting horrible,=20
or if you do some sort of really nasty process that
involves something like a TLV that you add with a length
field, duplicating that in the TLV value length, and
otherwise zeros in the value field, then you hash etc.,
then you modify the TLV in situ. Reception is the opposite
and even uglier. This is not the model in RFC 5444, or
this draft.

--=20
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
Of Teco Boot
Sent: 30 November 2009 17:58
To: 'Paul Lambert'; Dearlove, Christopher (UK); 'Ulrich Herberg';
manet@ietf.org; T.Clausen@computer.org
Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts


                    *** WARNING ***

  This message has originated outside your organisation,
  either from an external partner or the Global Internet.=20
      Keep this in mind if you answer this message.


I had similar thoughts. Add type and length in hashed text?
Teco.

>-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
>Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens Paul
>Lambert
>Verzonden: maandag 30 november 2009 18:41
>Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
>T.Clausen@computer.org
>Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
>
>
>So, imagine a message is sent with a hash of length 256.  It could be
>intercepted, and easily truncated to a length of 8.  Both the hash and
>the length value could be changed.  Hash truncation is not so much the
>issue as the reduction in size - which would greatly reduce the search
>space for valid hash values.
>
>The definition requires at least a notion of the enforcement of a
>minimum acceptable hash size.
>
>Paul
>
>Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
>[mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
>> Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 1:43 AM
>> To: Paul Lambert; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
>T.Clausen@computer.org
>> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>>
>> > The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
>> > to smaller sizes than the block size.
>>
>> If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
>> be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
>> fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
>> (of value) field could define the truncated size.
>>
>> ********************************************************************
>> This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
>> recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
>> recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
>> You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose or
>> distribute its contents to any other person.
>> ********************************************************************
>
>_______________________________________________
>manet mailing list
>manet@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet

_______________________________________________
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From: Paul Lambert <paul@marvell.com>
To: Teco Boot <teco@inf-net.nl>, "'Dearlove, Christopher (UK)'" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>, 'Ulrich Herberg' <ulrich@herberg.name>, "manet@ietf.org" <manet@ietf.org>, "T.Clausen@computer.org" <T.Clausen@computer.org>
Date: Mon, 30 Nov 2009 10:04:47 -0800
X-ASG-Orig-Subj: RE: [manet] Security drafts
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I believe simply changing SHA-256 to be SHA-256-64 (truncated to 64 bits) w=
ould solve the problem.  There is no need to have variable hash sizes.  Add=
ing the type and length into the has does  not help if the length is reduce=
d to 8. =20

There's a issue here also that some notion of the acceptable cipher suite i=
s needed.  It's normally part of the key management or "security associatio=
n" setup.  There's some type of negotiation that determines what algorithms=
 are acceptable.  If the negotiation selects SHA-256 ... it should be of a =
known hash size and not subject to variations.  So, pinning down the hash l=
enth as part of the "type" would hopefully eliminate this issue.

Paul

=20
Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Teco Boot [mailto:teco@inf-net.nl]
> Sent: Monday, November 30, 2009 9:58 AM
> To: Paul Lambert; 'Dearlove, Christopher (UK)'; 'Ulrich Herberg';
> manet@ietf.org; T.Clausen@computer.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>=20
> I had similar thoughts. Add type and length in hashed text?
> Teco.
>=20
> >-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> >Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens Paul
> >Lambert
> >Verzonden: maandag 30 november 2009 18:41
> >Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
> >T.Clausen@computer.org
> >Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> >
> >
> >So, imagine a message is sent with a hash of length 256.  It could be
> >intercepted, and easily truncated to a length of 8.  Both the hash and
> >the length value could be changed.  Hash truncation is not so much the
> >issue as the reduction in size - which would greatly reduce the search
> >space for valid hash values.
> >
> >The definition requires at least a notion of the enforcement of a
> >minimum acceptable hash size.
> >
> >Paul
> >
> >Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
> >
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
> >[mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
> >> Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 1:43 AM
> >> To: Paul Lambert; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
> >T.Clausen@computer.org
> >> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
> >>
> >> > The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
> >> > to smaller sizes than the block size.
> >>
> >> If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
> >> be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
> >> fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
> >> (of value) field could define the truncated size.
> >>
> >> ********************************************************************
> >> This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
> >> recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
> >> recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
> >> You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose or
> >> distribute its contents to any other person.
> >> ********************************************************************
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet


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=20
> A thought that arose typing the above. I think (meaning I don't
> have time to check right now) that type extension zero (which
> is the most efficient type) is allocated to "none". The above
> suggests to me that a possible type extension might be for
> "if this is for you, you know what it is". Should that have
> type extension 0? Or does type extension 255 (private use)
> allow this?
>

Hummm ... this is actually a better process than having an explicit algorit=
hm.  It's a little confusing in this specification - but it better represen=
ts how this would interact with any form of key management.  Basically - th=
e signatures, hashes and all algorithms are determine before hand ... and e=
ach side should know what is expected.  Ideally there would only be a ident=
ifier providing the context of this pre-agreement (akin to the an SAID or S=
PI in IPsec).

Paul


> --
> Christopher Dearlove
> Technology Leader, Communications Group
> Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
> BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
> West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
> Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124
>=20
> BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
> Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
> Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
> Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Paul Lambert [mailto:paul@marvell.com]
> Sent: 30 November 2009 17:41
> To: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
> T.Clausen@computer.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>=20
>=20
>                     *** WARNING ***
>=20
>   This message has originated outside your organisation,
>   either from an external partner or the Global Internet.
>       Keep this in mind if you answer this message.
>=20
>=20
> So, imagine a message is sent with a hash of length 256.  It could be
> intercepted, and easily truncated to a length of 8.  Both the hash and
> the length value could be changed.  Hash truncation is not so much the
> issue as the reduction in size - which would greatly reduce the search
> space for valid hash values.
>=20
> The definition requires at least a notion of the enforcement of a
> minimum acceptable hash size.
>=20
> Paul
>=20
> Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
> [mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 1:43 AM
> > To: Paul Lambert; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
> T.Clausen@computer.org
> > Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
> >
> > > The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
> > > to smaller sizes than the block size.
> >
> > If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
> > be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
> > fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
> > (of value) field could define the truncated size.
> >
> > ********************************************************************
> > This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
> > recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
> > recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
> > You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose or
> > distribute its contents to any other person.
> > ********************************************************************
>=20


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Am Montag 30 November 2009 19:04:47 schrieb Paul Lambert:
> I believe simply changing SHA-256 to be SHA-256-64 (truncated to 64 bits)
>  would solve the problem.  There is no need to have variable hash sizes.=
=20
>  Adding the type and length into the has does  not help if the length is
>  reduced to 8.
Yes, there is a reason.

Sometimes it can be better to have a short has if you need lot's of them.=20
Taking the first FOUR bytes from a SHA-256 will protect you against all=20
attacks better than guessing (1 to 2^32), so it could be more than enough f=
or=20
shortlived routing packages.
=20
> There's a issue here also that some notion of the acceptable cipher suite
>  is needed.  It's normally part of the key management or "security
>  association" setup.  There's some type of negotiation that determines wh=
at
>  algorithms are acceptable.  If the negotiation selects SHA-256 ... it
>  should be of a known hash size and not subject to variations.  So, pinni=
ng
>  down the hash lenth as part of the "type" would hopefully eliminate this
>  issue.
I think what algorithm you use and what length of it you use it in the scop=
e=20
of the protocol... if we define that we always take the has prefix, even=20
different implementations can talk with each other. And you can always add =
a=20
"check if hash is long enough for my security policy" if you need it.

Henning

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From Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com  Mon Nov 30 10:12:36 2009
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From: "Dearlove, Christopher (UK)" <Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com>
To: "Paul Lambert" <paul@marvell.com>, "Teco Boot" <teco@inf-net.nl>, "Ulrich Herberg" <ulrich@herberg.name>, <manet@ietf.org>, <T.Clausen@computer.org>
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Actually there's another issue, to do with that the TLV=20
value length isn't the hash length, it's the signature
length, and the hash length and signature length don't
have to be equal. So - possibly in contradiction to an
earlier email of mine - you need to include the hash
length, probably in the type extension specifying the
hash.

It is clear that a proper specification of a good set
of algorithms, pinning down their options, is needed.

--=20
Christopher Dearlove
Technology Leader, Communications Group
Networks, Security and Information Systems Department
BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre
West Hanningfield Road, Great Baddow, Chelmsford, CM2 8HN, UK
Tel: +44 1245 242194  Fax: +44 1245 242124

BAE Systems (Operations) Limited
Registered Office: Warwick House, PO Box 87,
Farnborough Aerospace Centre, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 6YU, UK
Registered in England & Wales No: 1996687

-----Original Message-----
From: Paul Lambert [mailto:paul@marvell.com]=20
Sent: 30 November 2009 18:05
To: Teco Boot; Dearlove, Christopher (UK); 'Ulrich Herberg';
manet@ietf.org; T.Clausen@computer.org
Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts


                    *** WARNING ***

  This message has originated outside your organisation,
  either from an external partner or the Global Internet.=20
      Keep this in mind if you answer this message.


I believe simply changing SHA-256 to be SHA-256-64 (truncated to 64
bits) would solve the problem.  There is no need to have variable hash
sizes.  Adding the type and length into the has does  not help if the
length is reduced to 8. =20

There's a issue here also that some notion of the acceptable cipher
suite is needed.  It's normally part of the key management or "security
association" setup.  There's some type of negotiation that determines
what algorithms are acceptable.  If the negotiation selects SHA-256 ...
it should be of a known hash size and not subject to variations.  So,
pinning down the hash lenth as part of the "type" would hopefully
eliminate this issue.

Paul

=20
Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Teco Boot [mailto:teco@inf-net.nl]
> Sent: Monday, November 30, 2009 9:58 AM
> To: Paul Lambert; 'Dearlove, Christopher (UK)'; 'Ulrich Herberg';
> manet@ietf.org; T.Clausen@computer.org
> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
>=20
> I had similar thoughts. Add type and length in hashed text?
> Teco.
>=20
> >-----Oorspronkelijk bericht-----
> >Van: manet-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:manet-bounces@ietf.org] Namens
Paul
> >Lambert
> >Verzonden: maandag 30 november 2009 18:41
> >Aan: Dearlove, Christopher (UK); Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
> >T.Clausen@computer.org
> >Onderwerp: Re: [manet] Security drafts
> >
> >
> >So, imagine a message is sent with a hash of length 256.  It could be
> >intercepted, and easily truncated to a length of 8.  Both the hash
and
> >the length value could be changed.  Hash truncation is not so much
the
> >issue as the reduction in size - which would greatly reduce the
search
> >space for valid hash values.
> >
> >The definition requires at least a notion of the enforcement of a
> >minimum acceptable hash size.
> >
> >Paul
> >
> >Paul A. Lambert | Marvell Semiconductor | +1 650-787-9141
> >
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: Dearlove, Christopher (UK)
> >[mailto:Chris.Dearlove@baesystems.com]
> >> Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 1:43 AM
> >> To: Paul Lambert; Ulrich Herberg; manet@ietf.org;
> >T.Clausen@computer.org
> >> Subject: RE: [manet] Security drafts
> >>
> >> > The Hash functions can be usefully truncated
> >> > to smaller sizes than the block size.
> >>
> >> If there's a well-defined way to truncate, then this could
> >> be done with no additional overhead if the type extension
> >> fully defines the untruncated size. Then the TLV length
> >> (of value) field could define the truncated size.
> >>
> >>
********************************************************************
> >> This email and any attachments are confidential to the intended
> >> recipient and may also be privileged. If you are not the intended
> >> recipient please delete it from your system and notify the sender.
> >> You should not copy it or use it for any purpose nor disclose or
> >> distribute its contents to any other person.
> >>
********************************************************************
> >
> >_______________________________________________
> >manet mailing list
> >manet@ietf.org
> >https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet



From ulrich@herberg.name  Mon Nov 30 10:14:51 2009
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Subject: Re: [manet] Security drafts
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Paul Lambert wrote:
>  
>   
>> A thought that arose typing the above. I think (meaning I don't
>> have time to check right now) that type extension zero (which
>> is the most efficient type) is allocated to "none". The above
>> suggests to me that a possible type extension might be for
>> "if this is for you, you know what it is". Should that have
>> type extension 0? Or does type extension 255 (private use)
>> allow this?
>>
>>     
>
> Hummm ... this is actually a better process than having an explicit algorithm.  It's a little confusing in this specification - but it better represents how this would interact with any form of key management.  Basically - the signatures, hashes and all algorithms are determine before hand ... and each side should know what is expected. 
> [...]
>   

Yes, exactly. All parameters have to be exchanged or set before (e.g.
hash length, keys, etc.). We will work on the text of the draft to make
that clearer.

Ulrich



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<br>
Paul Lambert wrote:
<blockquote
 cite="mid:7BAC95F5A7E67643AAFB2C31BEE662D013B5DBAB3D@SC-VEXCH2.marvell.com"
 type="cite">
  <pre wrap="">
 
  </pre>
  <blockquote type="cite">
    <pre wrap="">A thought that arose typing the above. I think (meaning I don't
have time to check right now) that type extension zero (which
is the most efficient type) is allocated to "none". The above
suggests to me that a possible type extension might be for
"if this is for you, you know what it is". Should that have
type extension 0? Or does type extension 255 (private use)
allow this?

    </pre>
  </blockquote>
  <pre wrap=""><!---->
Hummm ... this is actually a better process than having an explicit algorithm.  It's a little confusing in this specification - but it better represents how this would interact with any form of key management.  Basically - the signatures, hashes and all algorithms are determine before hand ... and each side should know what is expected. 
[...]
  </pre>
</blockquote>
<br>
Yes, exactly. All parameters have to be exchanged or set before (e.g.
hash length, keys, etc.). We will work on the text of the draft to make
that clearer. <br>
<br>
Ulrich<br>
<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>

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From henning.rogge@fkie.fraunhofer.de  Mon Nov 30 22:26:47 2009
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On Mon November 30 2009 19:11:46 Dearlove, Christopher (UK) wrote:
> Actually there's another issue, to do with that the TLV
> value length isn't the hash length, it's the signature
> length, and the hash length and signature length don't
> have to be equal. So - possibly in contradiction to an
> earlier email of mine - you need to include the hash
> length, probably in the type extension specifying the
> hash.
>=20
> It is clear that a proper specification of a good set
> of algorithms, pinning down their options, is needed.
So maybe a TLV extension type should specify a hash algorithm and the hash=
=20
output length ?

It can be even worse, because we combine a hash function and an encryption=
=20
function. So we need to know the length of the hash output, must define if =
it's=20
padded or shortened before it's pushed into the encryption function, then w=
e=20
have to know the output size of the encryption function and again do have t=
o=20
decide if we shorten or pad the final TLV data.

Henning Rogge
=2D-=20
Diplom-Informatiker Henning Rogge , Fraunhofer-Institut f=FCr
Kommunikation, Informationsverarbeitung und Ergonomie FKIE
Kommunikationssysteme (KOM)
Neuenahrer Stra=DFe 20, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany
Telefon +49 228 9435-263,   Fax +49 228 9435 685
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